Sentences

Nonessential Clauses: Clauses that are NOT necessary to the meaning of the sentence. ○ The J’s Racing S2000, which is naturally aspirated, raced up the mountain pass.

SENTENCES

Sentence – a set of words that contains a subject and a predicate and conveys a statement, command, question, or an exclamation.

Sentence Parts

Subject – what/who the sentence is about Keiichi Tsuchiya spent over $20,000 modifying his AE86.

Predicate – what the subject does Keiichi Tsuchiya spent over $20,000 modifying his AE86.

Sentence Types

Declarative – a sentence that makes a statement (ends with a period mark) Keiichi Tsuchiya made drifting very popular.

Imperative – a sentence that makes a command (ends with a period mark) Take better care of your car.

Interrogative – a sentence that asks a question (ends with a question mark) Do you take your car to the track?

Exclamatory – a sentence that expresses great emotion, passion, excitement (ends with an exclamation mark) The Honda S2000 is the Best!

Sentence Patterns

Simple Sentence: A sentence that is just one independent clause. I would love to drive a Honda S2000.

Compound Sentence: A sentence with multiple independent clauses, but no dependent clauses - connected by FANBOYS (coordinating conjunctions) or a semicolon (;). Many projects for school take up time, but they all can be finished.

Complex Sentence: A sentence with one independent clause and at least one dependent clause. When you take a practice lap, the time you get on your actual lap will usually be lower.

Complex-Compound Sentence: A sentence with multiple independent clauses and at least one dependent clause. Whether you’re a good driver or not, you can always crash, because it’s not always your fault.

Loose Sentence: A sentence that contains an independent clause plus a subordinate construction (either a clause or phrase) with your main point at the beginning. Driving is a privilege, you must keep in mind that the driving privilege can be taken away from you.

Periodic Sentence: A sentence in which the independent clause is given at the end of the sentence in order to create interest or generate suspense with the main point coming at the end. Always drive carefully on a track, accidents happen.

Parallel Structure: A sentence using the same pattern of two or more verbs or ideas that match in tense or structure to show that they are of equal importance and to help the reader comprehend what is being written - this sentence requires symmetry. Many people think the Toyota Supra is fast from the factory, it has 321 horsepower, it’s not very fast.

Balanced Sentence: A sentence where phrases or clauses at the beginning and the end parallel each other by virtue of their likeness of structure, meaning, or length - this sentence requires symmetry. Many people get rid of their old project cars and buy new ones.

Chiasmus: A sentence that includes a repetition of ideas (words, phrases, or clauses) in inverted (reversed) order - this sentence requires symmetry. The F20c engine makes the S2000 and it would be nothing without it.

Asyndeton: A sentence that leaves out conjunctions between words, phrases, or clauses for a rhetorical purpose. The S2000 is balanced, low weight, makes the highest horsepower per liter in its day.

Polysyndeton: A sentence that uses multiple conjunctions in close proximity to each other between words, phrases, or clauses for a rhetorical purpose. The Honda Prelude is a two-door coupe, and quite small, and makes decent power, and is a bit on the heavy side.

Anaphora: A sentence that features the purposeful repetition of a word, words, or a phrase at the beginning of several successive clauses in order to place emphasis and draw attention. For many people, Honda is the best car brand, while for many Honda is not their desired brand, but most will agree that Honda is a reliable car company.

Epistrophe: A sentence featuring several phrases or clauses ending with the same word or words. People say the Mazda Miata is always the answer, fun daily--Miata, fun project car--Miata, drift car--Miata.

Sentence Errors

Run-On/Rambling/Fused Sentence – a sentence construction error where two or more independent clauses are connected incorrectly without punctuation. I have mods done to my car I cant drive it right now I have a cracked wheel. [Wrong] I have mods done to my car and I cant drive it right now because I have a cracked wheel. [Right]

Comma Splice – a sentence construction error where two or more independent clauses are connected incorrectly using commas