INDOOR ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
Indoor Air Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) IAQ, student health and performance Researchers have recognized the need for high-quality research looking at health risks related to IAQ in schools.88 IAQ depends on the activity performed in a room and the furnishings and materials as they may prevent cleaning the space adequately.89 One of the most common reasons for studying IAQ in educational buildings is the effects that indoor air can produce on children’s health. Children are one of the most vulnerable populations when exposed to hazardous pollutants, respiratory symptoms, and asthma.88, 90 Researchers have proposed that mechanisms through which indoor air quality affects cognitive performance in the general population are attention or distraction, motivation, arousal, neurobehavioral symptoms, and acute health symptoms, sleep quality, and absenteeism.15 IEQ parameters are essential and potentially related to student health and performance.91 However, few studies have assessed various health outcomes with IEQ factors in schools. Most studies have looked at respiratory health, but other types of health outcomes such as nasal patency, lung function, or rhinometry have been mostly overlooked.88 Studies that looked at nasal patency (nasal openness) and nasal inflammation have improved health with increased ventilation.26 Researchers have found that the most common self-reported symptoms related to IEQ are fatigue, stuffy nose, tiredness, skin symptoms, dry/sore throat, and headaches.92, 93 Research has also reported positive perceptions of air quality (fresher air) associated with increased ventilation rates.14 Nonetheless, the evidence of improved performance is more compelling than that of improved health.26 Absenteeism is one of the most common measures to relate student health and performance with poor IAQ. Research assumes that poor IAQ increases absenteeism, which in turn decreases student performance.94 For example, a study found that students who did not miss school due to respiratory infections had 1.1% more correct answers on math.16 Nonetheless, other research didn’t find any significant relations between IEQ parameters and absenteeism.91 Research has also looked into IAQ and student health and performance through the lens of asthma and absenteeism caused by asthma. A study found that children with asthma missed two more days of school on average.95 In another study, children with asthma reported higher school absenteeism (p<0.05), while children with diagnosed asthma had higher absenteeism than those with undiagnosed asthma (p<0.05).96 Similarly, a study found that nighttime asthma awakenings may affect absenteeism and performance and parent absence to work. Children with more night awakenings had higher odds of having absences at school.97 A study investigating the relationships between absenteeism, presence of asthma, and asthma severity level with standardized test level performance, found a
University of Oregon
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