Example Of Proposal Essay

GrantProposal

RobertBreedloveIII

Faculty:AllisonButler

NUR465:PopulationHealth:Local,National,andGlobalapproaches

April28,2015

Thestudentnameindicatedonthistitlepagesignifiesthattheauthorhasreadandunderstandsthe IWUHonestyPolicyasoutlinedintheStudentHandbookandIWUCatalogAffixingthisstatement tothetitlepagecertifiesthatnocheatingordishonestuseofinformationhasoccurredincompleting thisassignment.Theworksubmittedisoriginalworkspecificforthiscourse.Ifcheatingand/or plagiarismarediscoveredinthispaper,itisacknowledgedthattheuniversitypolicywillbe followed,andmayresultindismissalofthestudentfromIndianaWesleyan University.

Grant...showmorecontent...

StatementofNeedorProblemtobeAddressedThemostrecentsurveyofhomelessindividuals conductedJanuary29,2014revealed958homelessadultswithnodependants,70ofwhichwere completelyunsheltered,andanadditional130homelessadultswhoalsohaddependentchildren withthem.208ofthesehomelessadultsarechronicallyhomeless(HUD's2014ContinuumofCare HomelessAssistancePrograms,Populations,andSubpopulations,2014).WaysideChristianMission reachesapproximately7,000homelessindividualsannually(WaysideChristianMission,2007).In theJournalofGeneralInternalMedicine,amajorityofhomelessindividualssurveyedstatedthat theyfeltdiscriminatedagainstorthattheyreceivedlessercarebecauseoftheirpovertyor homelessness(Wen,Hudak,&Hwang,2007).Homelessandimpoverishedindividualssuffer fromhighratesofdepression,psychiatricillness,alcoholandorsubstanceabuse,HIV/AIDS,TB, Trauma,pretermbirth,COPD,lowbirthweight,musculoskeletalproblems,decreasedaccessto care,footproblems,malnutrition,andhighEmergencyRoomutilization(Stanhope& Lancaster,2014).Notonlydohomelesspersonshaveahighrateofillness,buttheyarealsoless abletoappropriatelytreathealthproblems.Manyhomelessindividualshavelimitedaccesstocare, cannotaffordmedicationsornutritiousfood,andmayhavedifficultywithmanagingastrict

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Swiftwhenfacedwithahumanitariancrisis,atyrannicalEnglishEmpire,andastrongdivide betweensocialclasses,useshispentupagitationtodevelopapieceofsatirewhichbothcompels andshocksthosewhoreadhiswork."AModernProposal"iscenteredaroundtheideaof cannibalism.InSwift'sreformationofIrishsocietyanewdivisionoflaborerswouldbecreated labeled"breeders"These"breeders"wouldraiseinfantstotheripeageofone,andthensellthemto thewealthytobeslaughtered,servedandpossiblymadeintoapparel.ThroughouthisproposalSwift usescomicjuxtapositionandgrotesqueelementstofurtherconveyhiscriticismofIreland.By comparingthelowerclassbreedersandtheirchildrentoanimals,Swiftusescomicjuxtapositionto honeinonthenotionthattheimpoverishedpeopleinsocietyhavelongbeendeniedthehumanity thewealthypridethemselveson.Nolongerbeingseenasmeaningful,importanthumanbeings,the poorareleftbeggingfortherespectthatcomeswithmoney.Pregnantwomanseenasbeingmere vesselsforproduceinhisimaginaryworld,arecomparedtocowssaying"Menwouldbecomeas fondoftheirwivesduringthetimeoftheirpregnancyastheyarenowoftheirmaresinfoal,their cowsincalf,theirsowswhentheyarereadytoFarrow"(5).Bylinkingtogetheritemswhich normallydonotgotogether,Swiftisabletodivulgueintotheresponsibilitiesandvulnerabilities associatedwithwomanhood.Swiftfuther'shis

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ProjectProposalEssay

ProjectProposalINTRODUCTION

TopicandPurpose

Thisproposalidentifiestheneedforadocument,whichwillproposeanddevelopreasonswhya for–profittransportationserviceforKentshouldbeperused.Thisserviceshouldbeconsidered becauseoftherecentparkingandcommutingproblemsbothonandoffcampus.

Therehavebeenmanyreasonswhyon–campusparkinghasbecomedifficultinrecentyears. IncreasedstudentenrollmentatKentStateUniversityhasposedmanyproblems.Theparkinglots cannotfacilitatethegrowingneedforvehicleparking.Campusofficialshaveundertaken constructionprojectstocurbtheparkingproblem,buttheserenovationshaveclosedlotsinthenear termAlso,theincreasedenrollmentofshowmorecontent

Thedemandforstudentbustransportationhasfarexceededthesupply.Also,vandalismand automotivethefthasnearlydoubledsince1997.DUIconvictionshavequadrupledinthecityof Kentsincelastyear.Theneedforpublictransportationisquiteclear.

Becauseofthisevidentcrisisintransportation,asolutionmustbeinorder.

Scope

ThisproposalwilloutlineandvalidatetheimpendingdocumentgenerallyFirstthegeneralnature ofthedocumentwillbediscussed;thentheensuingproposalwillbeoutlined.

DISCUSSIONOFPROPOSAL Proposal

Theproposeddocumentmustbeconstructedtodemonstratetheneedforanewfor–profit transportationserviceItwillpresentabusinessplan,andthengointodetailaboutcharacteristics specifictothisservice.

Methodology

InformationaboutcompetitivetransportationserviceswillbegatheredQuestionnaireswillbe distributedtostudentsandfacultyofKentStateUniversityinordertogathercustomerinsight.Also, afinancialconsultingfirmwillbehiredtoprovideprofessionalassistance.DocumentOutline

Theproposeddocumentwillincludethefollowingspecificsections.Thisoutlineistentativeand maybeadjustedinaccordwithnewdevelopments

DomesticViolenceresearchproposal

AbstractThepurposeofthisstudyistoseewhetherornotdomesticviolencecausesadamaging affectonchildren.ThestudywillincludedcriminaljusticestudentsinCollegeandtheagerange willbebetween18and23yearsold.Themethodisqualitativeandwillbeaninterview.

IntroductionDomesticviolencecanbedefinesasapatternofbehaviorinanyrelationshipthatis usedtogainormaintainpowerandcontroloveranintimatepartner.Abuseisphysical,sexual, emotional,economicprpsychologicalactionsorthreatsofactionsthatinfluenceanotherperson. Thisincludesanybehaviorsthatfrighten,intimidate,terrorize,manipulate,hurt,humiliate,blame, injureorwound...showmorecontent...

Whenfacedwithdomesticviolencethesechildrensometimescarryonviolencewhentheybecome adultsorblamethemselves.Thisarticleexplorestheoriesandsituationsthatshowthelongtermand shorttermeffectsofdomesticviolence.Theyidentified41studiesthatprovidedrelevantand adequatedataforinclusioninameta–analysisFortyofthesestudiesindicatedthatchildren's exposuretodomesticviolencewasrelatedtoemotionalandbehavioralproblems,translatingtoa smalloveralleffect(Wolfe,Crooks,Lee,McIntyre–Smith,&Jaffe,2003).Anotherarticleconnects domesticviolencewithpersonalcontrol.Researchshowedthatwomanvictimsofdomesticviolence mayhavesomeunderminefeelingsoflowpersonalcontrol.Theconsequenceofdomesticviolence aresubstantialintermsofphysicalinjuries,psychologicalandemotionaldistress,andsubstance abuseamongvictims.Thelossofpersonalcontrolhasbeenassociatedwithdepression,substance abuse,suicide,andalossofselfesteemamongfemalevictims.Thisarticleconcludesthatthereisa stronglinkbetweenthelossofpersonalcontrolanddomesticviolence(Johnson2005)Thisarticle isaboutadocumentary.Thecomponentsarebasedonthepremisethatviolenceagainstwomenisa directconsequenceofpatriarchalinstitutionsthatempowerandprivilegemenoverwomen.This wasmadetomakevisibletheintimateviolenceandabusethathadbeen

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RESEARCHPROPOSALEXAMPLE4.THISPERSONRECEIVEDA"9.8"INTRODUCTION

MichealGottfredsonandTravisHirschi'sgeneraltheoryofcrimepurportstobeabletopredictall crimeatalltimeandthataperson'slevelofself–controlisdeterminedandunchangeablebyage eight.Thisresearchersawthistheoryasanawfullybroadstatementandanextremelypessimistic viewofhumannatureBythislogic,apersonwithalowscoreontheselfcontrolconstructwouldbe almostguaranteedtocommitcrimegiventheappropriateopportunityandlittlecanbedoneto changethatbehavior.Thisresearcherproposesthatself–controlcanbelearnedandbolsteredlaterin lifethroughextensivebehaviormodificationprogramsthatworktocurbtheshowmorecontent

Self–controltheoryenthusiastsclaimthatthecharacteristicsofthosewithself–restraintarenot well–matchedwiththeelementsthatcharacterizecriminalanddeviantsacts(Gibbsetal1998), consequentlythisresearcherhypothesizesthatincreasingself–controlandrestraintthroughbehavior modificationwillmakecriminalsexualopportunitylessappealingandthereforedecrease recidivism

Dr.Lane,ResearchProposalEx4,Spring2001,page2

LITERATUREREVIEWThegeneraltheoryofcrimeisrelativelynewandcontroversialtheoryin therealmofcriminologyMichealGottfredsonandTravisHirschipublishedAGeneralTheoryof Crimein1990anditwentontobecomethesecondmostcitedbookintheentire1990s(Prattand Cullen,2000).Theirtheoryisbasedontheargument,notunlikeHirschi'ssocialbondingtheorythat criminalactivityisgratifyingandthekeytounderstandingparticipationincrimeisdiscovering whatpreventspeoplefrombreakingthelaw.Theycontendthatcommittingcrimeandother analogousbehaviors(drinking,gambling,druguse,recklessdriving,andunsafesexualpractices) startmanifestinginconductproblemsearlyinlife.Theterm"lowself–control"isusedtodescribe theenduring"criminality"or"criminalpropensity"thatincreasesthelikelihoodthatindividualswill beunabletoresisttheeasy,immediate

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SampleResearchProposalonMethodology

SampleResearchProposalonMethodology ResearchDesign

ThestudyintendstoinvestigatetheperceptionofHongKongShoppersregardingtheserviceand productsatisfactionThus,thisstudywilldeterminethecomplaintbehaviorofHongKongshoppers Forthisstudy,primaryresearchandsecondaryresearchwillbeused.Moreover,thedescriptive researchmethodwillbeutilized.Inthismethod,itispossiblethatthestudywouldbecheapand quickItcouldalsosuggestunanticipatedhypothesesNonetheless,itwouldbeveryhardtoruleout alternativeexplanationsandespeciallyinfercausations.Thus,thisstudywillusethedescriptive approach.Thisdescriptivetypeofresearchutilizesobservationsinthestudy.Toillustrateshow

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Measurement

First,therespondentsshallfilloutaself–administeredquestionnaireIdeally,therespondentswill gradeeachstatementinthesurvey–questionnaireusingaLikertscale(Barnett,V.1991),witha five–responsescalewhereinrespondentswillbegivenfiveresponsechoices.

Theequivalentweightsfortheanswerswillbe:RangeInterpretation4.50–5.00StronglyAgree

350–449Agree

2.50–3.49Uncertain

1.50–2.49Disagree

000–149StronglyDisagree

Theresearcheroptedtousethequestionnaireasatoolsinceitiseasytoconstructhavingtherules andprinciplesofconstructionareeasytofollow.Moreover,copiesofthequestionnairecouldreach aconsiderablenumberofrespondentseitherbymailorbypersonaldistribution.Generally, responsestoaquestionnaireareobjectifiedandstandardizedandthesemaketabulationeasy.But moreimportantly,therespondents'repliesareoftheirownfreewillbecausethereisnointerviewer toinfluencethem.Thisisonewaytoavoidbiases,particularlytheinterviewers'bias.Theresearcher will

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includeerrorsincontentorgrammar.Pleaserefertotheinstructionstomakesureyouincludethe correctcontentandeditcarefully.

September22,2003

To:LeslieBickford

From:DianaFerryPutyourinitialshere!

RE:ProposalforFinalProject

IrequestthatyouacceptmytopicfortheWriting465finalproject.Hopefully,Iwillbeabletouse thisprojecttohelpalleviatethecurrentparkingproblematWinthropUniversityJackAllen,from CampusPolice,andWalterHardin,AssociateVicePresidentforFacilitiesManagement,have showninterestinmyproject.

BACKGROUND

WinthropUniversityisasmallpublicschoolwithanenrollmentof5,065undergraduatestudents (Fall2002)Althoughthereisawonderfulparkingsystemshowmorecontent

Afteryearsmoreofcomplaining,theydecidedtoaddaparkinggaragetotheircampus.Although thisgarageeliminated200spaces,itadded613.Thepriceofthisgaragewas$5.5million.Arkansas Stateusedtheparkingdeck,aswellasthereservedparkingsystemtohelpalleviatetheirsituation. Manyothercampusesutilizethesamesystems,suchas:UniversityofCincinnati,Universityof Iowa,UniversityofLouisville,UniversityofPittsburgh,UniversityofSouthFlorida,Universityof Tennessee,UniversityofWisconsin,andmanymore.

Therearecurrentlyonlyahandfulofreservedspacesoncampus,andthegroundhasyettobe brokenfortheconstructionoftheparkingdeckInfact,WinthropUniversitydoesnotevenhaveall thefundsneededtobuildthisparkingdeck.WhenIapproachedJackAllen,ofCampusPolice,with myideaofreservedparkingspaces,hetoldmethathethoughtitwasagoodidea.WalterHardin, whengiventhesameidea,seemedtothinkthatthereservedparkingsystemwouldnotrealistically workoutbutwasopentotheproposal.

PROPOSEDPROJECT

IamplanningtofindthefundingneededtoestablishreservedparkingatWinthropUniversity throughCampusPoliceandthecurrenttrafficandparkingsystem.Hopefully,WinthropUniversity andCampusPolicewillrecognizetheneedandresponsibilitytofundthesereservedparkingspaces

Myreportwill

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SituationalIronyInAModestProposal

Poorpeoplearegenerallyregardedashavingalackofworthinsociety,playingnofundamentalrole inthegreatergoodofthepeople."AModestProposal,"byJonathanSwift,highlightsthepovertyof thefamiliesandtheRomanCatholicsin18thcenturyIreland.Thisessayisaworkofsatirethatuses situationalirony,thetypeofironyinwhichexpectationsofasituationarereversed,toshowthe terribleeconomicandsocialissuesofthetimeThenarratoroftheessaycomesupwithaproposal,a solutionfortheseissues,asawaytohelpthepoor.Hesaysthatchildrenbetweentheagesofone andtwelveshouldbesoldasfoodtotherichinordertosparethemmiserableliveswhilegiving theirparentsafinancialgainThiscrazyideashowmorecontent

Accordingtothenarrator's"America[...]acquaintance"childrenaredesirableasfoodforthe wealthy.Thiswillhavemanybenefitsnotonlyinsavingthechildfrommisery,butfortheparents aswell.Itwillprovidemoneyforrentandbetterlivingconditions,whichwillhelpsocietyasa whole.Thisinsaneproposalisthesituationalironyoftheentireessay.Swiftiswritingthatinorder tohelpthechildrenfromdyingatthehandsofpoverty,theyshouldbesoldandkilledtosavetheir lives.ThesituationalironyoftheentireproposalsuggeststhatthepoorchildrenofIrelandhaveno value,becausetheyshouldbesoldandeatenforaprofit.Thenarrator'sproposalemphasizesthe lackofvaluethatthatpoorchildrenhaveinsociety.

Thenarratorinthispamphletuseslogicandemotionalargumentstoconvincethereaderofhis solution,toeatchildrenThroughthesearguments,hebelittlesthechildrenandregardsthemas havingnoworthorvalue.Someofthisincludescomparingthechildrentoanimals,hiscountingof thechildren,andthefactthattherearesomanyRomanCatholicchildren.Duetothesituational ironyoftheentireproposal,thesespecificreasonsforeatingthe

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StatementofInterest

SuicidebycopcommonlyabbreviatedasSBCisatopicthatembracesaself–explanatoryname. However,forthepurposeofthisresearchproposal,aconceptualdefinitionwillprovideabetter directioninthequestionstobeaskedandaddressedinsearchingforScholarlyarticles.Theworking definitionis,someonewhointentionallyputshimselfinacircumstancewheretheyaredeemedasa lethalthreattosocietyorpoliceofficials.Takingthenecessaryactionstoputthemselvesin immediatedangerbyforcingofficerstotakeactioninusinglethalforcetostopwhatisconsidered tobeanimminentthreatTheendresultissuicideWhetherthereasonforsuicideisthattheperson wasafraidtointentionallyinflictpainonhimself,orreligiousreasonsthatcameintoquestionwhen deliberatelytakingone'sownlife.Itisneversomethingeasilyacceptedbyanofficer.Withthemany causesandeffectsofSbCthefocusofthisresearchproposalwilladdresswhatkindofindividuals posethemostthreattosocietyandpoliceofficersininstancesofSBC.Additionally,whatfeatures makethemdangerousandhowtobeabletoidentifythesefeatures?Inotherwords,aretherethings setinplacetohelpofficerscombatagainstscenariosofSBC.Aswellaswhatarethenegative outcomesofSBCandwhatkindofhelpcanbeprovidedfortheofficersaffectedbythesetraumatic instances.

LiteratureSearchonGalileo InconstructingmysearchonGalileo

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ResearchProposal:GenderEqualityinAmerica

Formyresearchproject,Iwouldliketoshowtheevolutionofgenderequalitythathasoccurredin Americansocietyintheworkplace.Thedisparityofstatusandprivilegesbetweenmenandwomen hasexistedsincetheendoftheWorldWarII.AlthoughAmericahasmadeprogressconcerningthe acceptanceofsocialissuessuchassamesexrelationshipandmarriage,peoplearestillunwillingto acknowledgethatgenderinequalityisstillrampantamongoursociety.Genderequalityhasn'tbeen achievedyet,particularlyincorporateAmericathathasaninsignificantnumberofwomeninthe upperranks;fewerwomenoccupyapostofchiefexecutiveofficer,chieffinancialofficer,orany otherleadingpositions.FormyresearchquestionIwillbeasking:"HowisAmericamaking progressongenderequity?"Fundamentally,Ibelievethatwomenarestillmisrepresented,andare stillfacingmanychallengesintheworkplace,especiallyinthebusinessworld.Thegender stereotypesplayaconsiderableroleinthewaythesocietyseeswomenasleaders.However,itwill bejudicioustoconsiderthesmallbutnoticeablechangesthathavebeenmadeoverthepastyears concerninggenderequalityintheAmericanworkplace.

Theresearchontheevolutionofgenderequalityisrelatedtomysuccess,becauseasawomen businessmajor,itismyresponsibilitytobeawareoftheissueswomenfaceinthebusinessworld, dominatedbymen.

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MyNewProposalforaNewSystemJameliaHamiltonAxiaCollegeofUniversityofPhoenix HealthcareisoneofthemostimportantbenefitstothepeopleoftheUnitedStates.Everybody needshealthcareandsomepeopleneedmoremedicalattentionthanothersandsomepeopledonot evenneedhealthcare,exceptfortheiryearlyexams.Todayhealthcarehasmanystrengths, weaknesses,andchallengesIhavecomeupwithanewexamthatwillhopefullybenefiteverybody insomeway.Myvisionforthenewhealthcaresystemistoone,makeitmoreaffordablefor everybodyintheUnitedStates.Two,tomakesurethateverybodyreceivesthemedicalattention theyneedanddeserveThenewhealthcareplanIhavecomeupwithiscalled,showmore content...

Healthcareplan1awouldbethecheapestplanandwouldbenefitmostpeople.Nowthehealthcare planscostwouldgoupeachplan.Themoreontheplan,themoreyoupay.Itisthesamewaywith thefamilyplan.Myhealthcareproposalalsoreallybenefitselders.Today,eldershaveareallyhard timepayingforhealthcarewhentheyareonafixedincomeIbelievethathealthcareshouldalot cheaperforelders.Ibelievethateldersshouldreceivediscountsontheirprescriptionsandthis proposalwouldtakecareofthat.Thishealthcareproposalwouldmakehealthcarecheaperfor eldersbyreducingthecostofprescriptionsanddoctorvisits.Thishealthcareplanalsoeliminates healthcareforthepeoplewhodonotneedandgivesmedicalattentiontotheoneswhodoneedit. Forexample,thepeoplewhohavelong–termillnesses,butcannotpayforitbecausetheycannot afforditoritisnotintheircurrenthealthcareplan.Thepeoplewhodohavelong–termillnessesin theirhealthcareplan,butdohavealong–termillnesswouldnolongerhavetopayforit,unlessthey becameillThiswouldhelppeoplerealizewhattheyarepayingforandwhattheyarenotpaying for.Thisproposalalsoproposesthatkidswhoaresufferingfromlong–termillnessesgetpaidso muchmoneyayearforhealthcareexpenses,welltheirparentsorguardianswouldreceivethe moneyandthemoneycouldbeusedforbillsorhealth

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JonathanSwiftwroteamodestproposaltoparliament.Headdressedtheproblemofoverpopulation andfamineinIreland.Thesolutionwaspresentedinasatiremannerandrightfullyso.Heproposed toeatbabiestomakethembeneficialtothepublic.Swiftusedhyperboleandsarcasmtojustifyhis argument.SwiftUsesahyperboleinparagraphten"...achildjustbornwillweightwelvepounds..." inatiewheneverybodyisstarvingandpooritisalmostimpossibleformostbabiestobeevenclose to12pounds.Hedoesthistotryandgivejustificationsofeatingbabiesaftertheygrowforayear. Thenhegoesasfartosay"...buyingthechildrenalive..."inparagraph14,justsothencansave moremoneybypreparingandkillingthebaby

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AModestProposal:SatireatItsBest

JonathanSwift's1729essay,AModestProposal,wasatrueexampleofsatireatitsbest.Many readersatthetimerejectedtheessaybecausetheyfailedtounderstandtheirony.Itispresentlyone ofthemostwellknownworksofsatireandisaclassicexampleofthetechniquemostcommonly usedtodayTheentireessayfromthetitledowntothelastsentenceweremeanttobetaken ironically,whichisarareform,butveryeffectivewhentryinggettingapointacross.Thisessaywill explainwhythetextwasmeanttobetakenironicallyandwhySwiftusedironyinsteadof straightforwardstatements

Startingwiththetitle,"AModestProposalForPreventingtheChildrenofPoorPeoplein...show morecontent

Swiftisoutragedbythesavage,inhumanactsoftheIrishpeopleandblamestheBritishoppression. TheproposalitselfisasymboloftheBritishoppression.Themerefactthatanyonewouldfattenup humanbeingslikelivestockanddevourthemispreposterous,yettheBritishoppressiondevoursand consumestheIrishpeopleinadifferentkindofway.

SwiftusesironyinsteadofstraightforwardremarkstoexpresshisangertowardtheBritishandhow theiroppressiononhispeopleisdestroyingtheeconomy.Swiftsangerhasbecomesogreathestates thatmuchofthepopulationwouldhavebeenbetteroffdead,whichmaybeexaggeratedbutnot ironicInsteadofcomingstraightoutandwritingarationalproposalheusessatiretomockthe Britishbutatthesametimegetavaluablepointacross.Allsatireisultimatelydrivenbyangerat somelevel.Itspurposeistonotonlyentertainbuttodrivechange.AModestProposalisareminder oftheseroots

AModestProposalbyJonathanSwiftwasobviouslymeanttobetakenironicallybutatthesame timegetavaluablepointacross.AsapassionatesupporterofIrishhumanrightsSwiftwaslooking forchangeandfeltthebestwaytoachieveitwasthroughthisproposal.Whetherhesucceededin thattaskornotheleftuswithavaluablepieceofliteraturethatwillbestudiedforcenturiesto come

WorksCited

Swift,JonathanAModestProposalForPreventingtheChildrenofPoorPeoplein

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Asawriteryoushouldusetherightwordsattherighttime;thecontextinwhichyouwriteyour pieceisveryimportantforthatpiecetogainacceptance.Kairosmattersandit'swidely acknowledgedthatawrittenorspokenwordgainsacceptanceandcredibilitywhentheonebehindit choosestherightaudienceandtimetosayorspeakit.JonathanSwift–AneighteenthcenturyIrish satiricalessayist–appliedtheconceptofKairoswhenhewrote"AModestProposal".Swift'sessay waslikeadaggeraimedattheEnglish–IrishdivisionHeusedsatireasawaytoshockthosein poweroutoftheirtyranny,andcriticizedthepolitical,socialandeconomicsystembackthenasit dehumanizedpeople.SuchconditionsframeworkedSwift'scontext...showmorecontent... HeaddressedtheEnglishbygivingthemascenariointheformofa"Proposal"inordertoshow themtheirexploitingnature.Swiftproposedanideatohelpescalatethecountry'seconomic conditionandloweritspovertyratesThecoreofhisproposalwasthechildrenHearguedthatpoor parentsshouldnolongerbeartheburdenofchildren.Insteadthechildrenshouldprovidefor themselvesandtheirparentsbybeingacommodity.Heexplainedtheprocesssimilarlytothatof raisingandsellingcattle;mothersshouldprovidetheiryear–oldchildwithnourishmentuntilheor sheisfattened,thenrichpeoplewouldbuythatchildformultiplepurposes.Eitherforfeedingor luxuriouspurposes,thosechildrenwouldeventuallyprovidefortheeconomySuchproposal intendedtocamouflagetheactualexploitationspracticedbytherichEnglish.Thereaderthenwas expectedtolookdeeperanduntietheknotstodiscoverhowinfacthewasexploitingtheIrish."The audienceisneverreallyletinonthejoke–they'resupposedtofigureitoutforthemselvesthatSwift iskidding.Ofcourse,noteverybodydid."

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IntroductionInternetusageinchildrenandadolescentshasbeenincreasinginasteadilyfashionin thepastnumberofyearsandwiththeincreaseininternetusage,anewformofbullyinghas developed–Cyberbullying.Cyberbullyingcanbedefinedas"theelectronicpostingofmean–spiritedmessagesaboutaperson,"(Merriam–Webster,2012).Thisformofbullyingcancome throughvariousmediumsincludingbutnotlimitedtotextmessages,emails,videos,andsocial networkingsites.Thereisanoverwhelmingamountofinformationthatdefinescyberbullying, identifiesthedemographicsofbulliesandvictimsofcyberbullying,andidentifiestheoutcomesof cyberbullyingonvictimsMorefocusneedstobeplacedonwhotheperpetratorsshowmore content...

Additionally,alargeamountofcyberbullyingtendstotakeplacewithinsocialgroups.Perpetrators ofneednotbethetraditionalstrong,powerfulbullybutcouldbetheindividualwhoistooshyto intimidateothersinthetraditionalsensesotheyturntothecyberworldwheretheymayremain somewhatanonymous(Juvonen&Gross,2008;Mishna,Cook,Gadalla,Daciuk,&Solomon,2010; Mishna,Saini,&Solomon,2009).Onestudyshowedthatoverhalfoftheperpetratorsofcyber bullyingarefriendsofthevictim,andafurtheramountofperpetrationsknowthevictim(Kowalski &Fedina,2011).Ithasbeendemonstratedinanumberofstudiesthatthemoretimeanindividual spendsonthecomputerandinternet,themorelikelytheyaretobecyberbullyvictims,perpetrators orboththevictimandbully(Mishna,Khourg–Kassabri,Gadalla,&Daciuk,2012;Sengupta& Chaudhuri,2011).Themostcommonmediumsofcyberbullyingarethroughemail,instant messages,orinternetsocialnetworkingsites;however,themediumwiththegreatestimpactonits victimsispictureorvideobullying(Beran&Li,2005;Kowalski&Fedina,2011;Slonje&Smoth, 2008).Ithasbeensuggestedinthepastthatchildrenwhohaveaccesstosocialnetworkingsitesare morelikelytobeperpetratorsorvictimsofcyberbullying,however,resultsfromonestudy indicatesthisisnotthecase.Alternatively,itwassuggested

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ProjectProposalExample

ProjectCharter[pic]1.0ProjectInformation|ProjectStartDate:|NorthlandMedicalGroup IntegrationProject–May1,2011||ProjectEndDate:|NorthlandMedicalGroupIntegrationProject –May1,2012||ProjectManager:|ColetteSchimetz||ProjectSponsor:|JosephMcIntire,Hospital Administrator|[pic]2.0ProjectOverviewNorthlandMedicalGroupIntegrationProject (NMGIP)showmorecontent Currentlythebillingsystemisjustascumbersome.Eachentitymustentermedicaldataandbilling dataseparately.Again,thisisacostlylaborintensiveprocedurethatallowsforinaccuraciestogo undetectedAnotherintangibleyetlegitimateconcernistheconfusioncausedtopatientsreceiving numerousbillingstatementsandinsuranceclaimsubmissionsfromeachseparateentity.The implementationofanintegratedmedicalrecordsandbillingssystemwouldofferseveral opportunitiestoimproveefficiencyandqualityofpatientcare.First,thedatawouldbeenteredat thesourceandbecomeimmediatelyavailabletoalldoctorsandmedicalstaffintheNorthland MedicalGroupAlltreatmenteachpatientreceiveswouldbeconsolidatedinonedigitalmedical record.Thiswouldeliminateentirelythecopyingandphysicaltransferofmedicalrecords. Redundancywouldbereducedandaccuracywouldbeincreasedgivingthepatientaccessto enhancedmedicalcare.Labresultswouldbeavailableimmediatelyuponcompletionofthe diagnostictestingallowingtreatmenttobeginasmuchastwodaysearlier.Integratedrecords managementwillallowpropermedicalcodestobeassignedimmediatelyasthedataisenteredatthe source.Thiswouldinsurethatanaccurateandcurrentbillingstatementwouldbeavailableinreal–time.Consolidatedbillingwouldeliminateorreducethenumberofbillingstatementsrequired,thus reducingcostof

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ExamplesOfIronyInAModestProposal

Identifyandclose–readthreeexamplesofironyin"AModestProposal".

Howdoeseachinstancecriticizesocialperceptionsofthepoor?In'AModestProposal'theauthor, JonathanSwiftutilizestechniquessuchassatire,sarcasm,andironytocreateabiggerpicturetothe reader.Withinthepoem,Swiftnotonlypresentsahumorousapproachtosocialandeconomic issuesbutdoessoinawell–constructedandcarefullycomposedmannerAcloserreadingofthe textrevealsadeepercriticalanalysisofthesocialperceptionsofthepooratthetime.Through Swifts'useofirony,hecreatesaproposalthatissoextremelyabsurdthatsomemaybelievethe piecetobegenuineBytakinganissueandprovidingacorruptandmercilesssolution,thewriter usesauniqueapproachtocatchtheattentionofthepeopleofIrelandandpresentsthemaproposal theycannotignore.Throughtheuseofirony,Swiftcreatesapoemthatnotonlycriticizessocial perceptionsofthepoorbutalsoremarksupontheissuewithoutdirectlyaddressingthereader. Beginningwithanexaminationofthesubtitle,thestanceofthenarratorandhisviewsofthepoor areevidentimmediately"ForPreventingtheChildrenofPoorPeopleinIreland,frombeinga BurdentotheirParentsorCountry;andformakingthembeneficialtothePublic."(SwiftPara.1). Thisexampleisadistinctinstanceofirony;inwhichSwiftusessuchlong,elaboratesentenceto summarizehismainproposition.Byreferringto

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ProjectProposal:EffectsofClimateChange

ThefinalresearchpapergeneratedfromtheProjectProposal:EffectsofClimateChangewill discussthequestion,whatAmericanscandotoreduceclimatechangehealtheffects?Various researchpublicationsbycrediblesourcesadvise,globalwarmingclimatechangehasanaffecton humanhealthClimatechangeandtheimpactonhumanhealthcanbeconnectedthroughdirector indirectvariables.

TheImportance

Ifeelasthoughifwestartatayoungagethenwewillencouragemoreyoungpeopletostartmaking somepositivechangesintheirlives.Thisisanimportantissuetomebecauseglobalwarmingisan issuethatjustabouteveryone.Notenoughpeopletaketheclimatechangesituationshowmore content

Ialsowanttopersuadetheseyoungadultstostartmakingsomeminorchangestotheireverydaylife sothatwecanstopcausingchangestotheclimate,overallhelpingputanendtoglobalwarming itself.Amythbeingsaidisthatglobalwarmingisnormalandthatbecausecivilizationhassurvived droughtsandtemperatureshiftsbefore,wecanalladapttoclimatechange.

WhatIwantmyreaderstolearn,aswellasmyself,isthatthesecurrentclimatechangeswillbring majorhardshipsandeconomicdislocations.Iwantmyreaderstobeabletoreallylearnsomething frommyresearchIhopetheycanlearntheimportanceofglobalwarmingandtheeffectsithason everyone.Attheendofthisresearchpaper,weshouldallhaveabetterunderstandingofwhat exactlyglobalwarmingis,whatiscausingthechangesintheclimate,andchangeswecanallmake topreventthesecauses

LogicalandEmotionalAppeals

Climatechangehaslogicalandemotionalappealsthatmightbestengagetheintendedreaderto becomeinterestedinreadingfurtherintotheresearchpaperthatwillbepresentedorperhapsspark anoverallgeneralinterestinthesubject.Listedbelowarevariouslogicalandemotionalappealsthat maydrawtheintendedreaderintotheclimatechangesubjectarea:

EthosInAModestProposal

Theauthorof"AModestProposal"usesethoswiththeintentionofthereaderstakinghisplaninto considerationtoimprovetheconditionsinIreland,bygainingcredibility.Hence,Swiftstates," havingturnedmythoughtsformanyyears,uponthisimportantsubject,andmaturelyweighedthe severalschemesofotherprojectors."Aswellas,"havingnoothermotivethanthepublicgoodof mycountry"Theuseofethosinthisparticularevidenceshowstheauthorandhisplanisreasonable throughhisexpertiseonthesubjectandhasatrustworthyimpression,whichpropelstheaudience towardshisplan.Swiftusessatiretomaketheaudiencerecognizehowabsurdtheotherplansare. Consequently,thereadersgainmoresurenessandconfidence

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1.TheimpliedthesisofSwift's"AModestProposal"isthat18thcenturyIrelandwouldbeina bettersituationiftheIrishsocietyandmonarchyactuallytreatedproblemssuchasoverpopulation andpoverty,WhiletheovertthesisisthatIrishpeopleshouldconsidereatingtheirchildrenand sellingthemtorichEnglishmentosolvetheissueofpovertyandoverpopulationinthecountry. Theydifferformoneanotherasonefocusesoneatingchildren,whiletheotherfocusesongiving commentarythroughtheessayitself.

2.TheprimaryaimforthenarratoristosuggestareflectiononhowtheIrisharetreatingthe problemshappeningwithintheircountrythroughsatiricalwritingThenarratorstatesthat,"Infant's fleshwillbein...showmorecontent...

4.The"veryknowingAmerican"isaddedtofurtherdrivethepointthatthisworkissatirical.Atthe timethiswaswrittenAmericawasgoingthroughverydifficulttimewhileunderBritishcontrol,and talkofarevolutionhadstartedtobegin.AmericainsomeaspectswasinasimilarpositionIreland wasatthetime–sobysaying"IhavebeenassuredbyaveryknowingAmericanofmy acquaintancethatayounghealthychildwellnursedisatayearoldthemostdelicious,nourishing, andwholesomefood."(Swift)Thisbooststhesatiricalnature,asyoushouldnevertakeadviceabout gettingoutofasituationfromsomeonestillgoingthroughthesameexactsituation.

5.Theappropriateresponsetothisessaywouldbethereaderreflectingonthepointoftheessay,but insteadofreflection,itmorethanlikelyreceivedmassivedisapprovalTheidesthemselvesarenot onlymorallyandethicallywrong,butnonsensical.Theconceptofeatinganotherhumanwould destroywhatseparatesusfromwildanimals.So,itwouldmakesensethattheIrishmayhavebeen madDuetothe

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