Fly Fishing With Buzzers & Midges

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The Essential Fly Guide to Fly Fishing With Buzzers &

Midges

Author: Andy Kitchener

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Introduction Unlike Stoneflies, Pond Olives or many other flies or insects buzzers hatch 365 days per year. Yes everyday we find buzzer activity at the lakes we fish, yet Buzzer fishing is frequently misunderstood by fly fishermen and often anglers will ignore this absolutely essential foodstuff for hungry trout. This simple guide is intended to explain more about what we are trying to imitate, how it behaves in nature and techniques to imitate it to catch superb fish! Please enjoy

Andy

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Contents Introduction .......................................................................................... 2 Understanding What Are We Fishing With ......................................... 4 Midge Life-Cycle.............................................................................. 5 Buzzer and Nymph Designs ............................................................. 8 Shipmans Buzzers ............................................................................. 9 Sandy Dickson's Blank Busters ........................................................ 9 Spotting Buzzer / Midge Activity ...................................................... 11 Buzzer / Midge Tackle ....................................................................... 12 Making Buzzer Leader And Droppers ............................................... 13 Sandy Dickson Buzzer Fishing Rigs .................................................. 15 Spooky Fish Rig ......................................................................... 15 Buzzer Rig .................................................................................. 16 Fishing The Spooky Fish Rig or Standard Buzzer Rig................... 17 Buzzer / Spider Tandem Rig ...................................................... 18 Emerger Tandem Rig ................................................................. 19 Fish Rig ...................................................................................... 20 Sandy’s Blank Buster Buzzers ........................................................... 21 Understanding Fly Design .............................................................. 21 Sandy’s Blank Buster Design ......................................................... 22 Sandy’s Blank Buster Colour Chart ........................................... 26 Blank Buster Fly Range .................................................................. 27 About The Essential Fly ..................................................................... 31

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Understanding What Are We Fishing With Formally Chironomidae (informally known as chironomids or non-biting midges) are a family of nematoceran flies with a global distribution. They are closely related to the Ceratopogonidae, Simuliidae, and Thaumaleidae. Many Figure 1 - Midge Adult species superficially resemble mosquitoes but they lack the wing scales and elongate mouthparts of the Culicidae. A midge fly is about the same size as, and looks sort of like, a mosquito but they do not bite. If you see a mosquito-like thing with fluffy antenna and no proboscis, it is probably a midge fly. This is a large group of insects with over 5,000 described species and 700 species in North America alone. Males are easily recognized by their plumose antennae. Adults are sometimes known as "lake flies" in parts of Canada, as "sand flies", "muckleheads", or "muffleheads" in various regions of the USA Great Lakes area, and as "blind mosquitoes" or "chizzywinks" in Florida, USA. In the adult form some midges are large up to hook size 14 but the majority are size 22 or even smaller!

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Buzzers, midges, diptera or Chironomids are found on slow flowing rivers and lakes. Tiny Chironomid flies that inhabit lakes and slow-flowing rivers are known by their common name to us as midges or buzzers, named because of their characteristic buzzing or humming. They appear in vast swarms on most still-waters towards the evenings, often they can be completely overpowering. In Scotland when there is a midge swarm I have found it very difficult as regularly when inhaling you can get them in the back of your throat - uck!. Midges tolerate relatively high levels of pollution. The good news for fly fishermen is that they congregate on the windward side of a lake1 and their tiny larvae and pupae are eaten in large numbers by surface feeding trout. Midge Life-Cycle Midge flies lay eggs in water. The eggs mass is a small clear jelly-like glob that looks much like aquatic snail eggs. The eggs hatch into small worm-like larvae which are known as bloodworm. Figure 2 - Midge Lifecycle 1

Check where the wind is blowing, this is crucial if you are focussed on midges for feeding trout. Make sure you fish the windward side of the lake.

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If you look at the larvae with a magnifying glass or microscope, it appears less worm-like and has a segmented outer shell like other insect larvae. Midge larvae have a bright red colour. The red colouration is from a Figure 3 – Bloodworm haemoglobin-like substance which allows them to live in Note: On the picture the definite ribs / water with very little oxygen. segments of the bloodworm – important for Thus, midge larvae are red for good imitative buzzer flies much the same reason that our blood is red – because it carries oxygen. It is then not too surprising that midge larvae are called blood worms.and live in the soft mud found in most still waters2. Bloodworms spend most of their time attached to the bottom or other solid surface. Older and larger bloodworms may get up and move around some at night, but for the most part they sit still and grab bits of stuff to eat as it floats by. To attach themselves to a surface and help protect themselves from predators, bloodworms make a tube to live in. The tube is made out of bits of mud, mulm, algae or whatever is available. They sort of stick it together with spit and build a tube around

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Note when fishing red bloodworm patterns there is little point in fishing these high in the water, bloodworm live at the bottom of most still waters.

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them. You have probably seen these tubes but did not take much notice. They are about a half-inch long and either straight or crescent shaped. Set a pan of water outside and add a little fine soil or finely-ground meal. Within a few days you will see bloodworm tubes appear on the bottom and sides. When they are getting near to hatching they lose their blood red colour and take on a more sombre appearance3 . They then make their way from the lake bottom up through the water columns to the surface. This is achieved by a wriggly swimming action. They swim towards the surface then stop either to catch their breath or waiting for the right conditions to hatch. When they stop wriggling towards the surface they slowly sink back down before swimming upwards again.4 When they eventually reach the surface they hang from the surface film and hatch out in to adult buzzers or midge. It is however on the journey to the surface that Buzzers / Midges are at their most vulnerable. Once the pupa reaches the surface it tends to get stuck under the surface film and takes awhile to push through it. While they are doing this they hang in the film like little commas and the trout cruise along at a leisurely pace sipping chironomid buzzers at or

3

The bloodworm changes colour as it is ready to hatch, hence its change from blood red to the olives, browns and black colours regularly used by fly fishermen. 4

This is a great time for fly fishermen when the trout feed on the buzzers as they are swimming up and dropping down in the feeding zone often only 1 to 4 feet down in the water.

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just under the surface 5. This classic rise form shows no fish at all most of the time, just a subtle ringlet. Other times you may see the top of the shoulders, then the back and then the top of the tail as the fish porpoises slowly to take a surface-film chironomid buzzer / emerger6. The life cycles of the buzzer can be imitated with a good degree of accuracy, they hatch out on virtually every day of the year. Some of the hatches will be localised and may not be spotted unless fishing in that area. Buzzer hatches can be spotted, by either looking for the adult fly, or finding the spent pupa bodies (shucks) in the surface film. Buzzer and Nymph Designs

Figure 4 – Traditional Buzzer Pattern

Over the past decades there have been vast changes in fly fishing, from the development of the slim epoxy buzzers imitations that sink quickly. In the 1920's Dr Howard Alexander Bell developed some extremely good slim buzzers as an imitation of the midge pupa for fishing

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Use Sandy’s Blank Buster CDC Emergers where their profile matches this ‘comma’ shape and use floatant like Gink to keep the emerger high in the surface film 6

Watch for this tell-tale feeding pattern, if you see this then try using Sandys Blank Buster CDC Emergers which imitate this emerging buzzer in the surface film.

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on Blagdon Water. Wing buds were added to the side on some patterns and on others the white breathing filaments were added. Shipmans Buzzers Dave Shipman's buzzers are extraordinarily versatile. He invented the pattern in the late Seventies for surface feeding trout on Rutland Water reservoir, when the fish were preoccupied with taking adult buzzers struggling in the surface film. The original was a combination of teased out fiery brown or green seal's fur and white breathers that proved deadly. This pattern is that it does not normally need floatant. Shipman's buzzers will attract the most suspicious of fish. The scruffier the pattern the better it seems to fish, often I rough up my Shipmans buzzers with velcro!. Sandy Dickson's Blank Busters The Essential Fly’s own Sandy Dickson has designed incredible slim buzzers through his own brilliant tying techniques. Sandy's Blank Busters were successfully released in 2009 and have gone on to be one of the most amazing buzzers around. Tens of thousands of these have been sold worldwide and they have proved deadly when fished correctly, catching 50 fish in one outing! Sandy was even sued by one fisherman (unsuccessfully!). The nameless fisherman was using Sandy's Blank Buster Buzzers tying them on a 20' leader from a boat, he tied the point fly and dropped it in the water and started tying the dropper, a trout took the point fly almost immediately and dragged the dropper straight into the fisherman’s hand! These flies are brilliant. Where Sandy’s Blank Buster Buzzers really win is their overall pattern which has winning features including: © The Essential Fly Page | 9 Fly Fishing Flies, Fly fishing Tackle, Fly Tying Materials Blank Busters


   

Stunning ribbing looking like the buzzer (see figure 2) Fluorescent thorax which can be considered to imitate the wing bud and acts as a hit point for trout Breathing tubes (Sparklemet Lumi Buzzer) Comma shape on Sandy’s Blank Buster CDC Emergers which sit in the surface film like the emerging chronomid buzzer emerging

See the last chapter of this booklet for more details on the full Sandy Dickson Blank Buster range.

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Spotting Buzzer / Midge Activity One of the best indicators of recent buzzer activity is to look for floating shucks or adult buzzers on or near the water. Certain areas will hold fish and buzzers, these being the obvious places to start. It is important to find the right spot. Mud or silted areas with a reasonable depth of eight to fifteen feet of water are usually good places for buzzer fishing. On a large lake or reservoir try to find a point or headland where a depth of eight to ten feet is within casting range. Try and choose a location where the wind is behind or if from the side it is light. If there is too strong a crosswind it is difficult to keep the flies moving nice and slow. On breezy days, selecting areas with some shelter can produce well. They warm up first and thus encourage insects to hatch. Cold winds always slow down hatches. Many fishermen often blank on buzzers because they do not understand how to fish with them, if trout are wary then great techniques include extending the leaders. I use leaders up to 20' and for very wary fish may fish a 12' to 20' leader with a single buzzer on the point! A strong breeze will push the middle of the fly line around quickly and thus keep the buzzers high in the water. This is okay on an overcast day when the trout are feeding in the upper layers but not on a sunny day when they are feeding in the cooler depths. This problem can be overcome if the cast is made at a much shallower angle to the wind. The wind has less effect on the line and the team of buzzers will fish much deeper and more slowly

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Buzzer / Midge Tackle Generally you will be fishing on a lake and there will be larger fish about, do not be fooled with buzzer fishing, although the buzzer is small you can catch extremely large fish with this technique. Typical recommended tackle for buzzers are:  

Fly rod suitable for lake fly fishing from #5 to #7 weight Fly leader with droppers, we recommend Stroft ABR which we have found to be less reflective and makes ideal.

You may find use of bite indicators like Thingamabobbers suitable for bite indication but with buzzer fishing bite indication of this nature is not ideal. If using fluorocarbon please take care, this has no give and if you use a stronger backbone rod you can frequently get break-offs due to the inflexibility of the material.

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Making Buzzer Leader And Droppers Because no traditional casting is involved, there is no need for a tapered leader. We’d recommend the use of Stroft, preferably ABR which has very little glint. The leader is made out of a length of mono of a suitable breaking strain, based on size of fish likely to be caught.. To make-up a leader, start at the bottom end. You will need a leader with two droppers that are 20 inches apart. Take your first length of mono and attach another length to it using a Surgeon's knot. The dropper must be on the main leg and pointing downwards, trim the dropper to about four inches. Repeat and then add the next length of monofilament to be tied on. Š The Essential Fly Page | 13 Fly Fishing Flies, Fly fishing Tackle, Fly Tying Materials Blank Busters


This is the last one and this connects the leader to the end of the fly line either directly or using a coloured braided loop. When making up your first leader it will pay to make this last section extra long according to the lake requirements and depth of fishing planned. The overall length of the leader should be a little less than the length of your rod.

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Sandy Dickson Buzzer Fishing Rigs

Spooky Fish Rig When fishing for really spooky fish Sandy will use a single buzzer on a leader of up to 20’. With no fly line close to spook Figure 5 - Spooky Fish Rig the fish and using a nonreflective leader even the spookiest of trout can fall for this simple rig. This rig can be used with CDC Emergers in the surface film with the CDC having had floatant applied to keep them riding high in the surface film. Alternatively you can use Blank Buster Buzzers or Rainbow bead buzzers allowing them to drop into the feeding zone.

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Buzzer Rig Sandy is known to fish single buzzers on 20 foot leaders for really spooky fish, however Sandy’s favourite rig is the standard Buzzer Rig. Using a Rainbow Buzzer with their small petrol coloured head or Depth Charge Buzzer in size 10 Figure 6 - Standard Buzzer Rig a point fly is used to help drop the leader through the water with smaller size 12 or 14 Blank Buster Buzzers on the middle dropper and a size 16 Blank Buster Spider on the top dropper. Fished in this method you are presenting the trout with the Buzzers in the different water depths. Sandy finds these catch either on the drop or on the initial lift once the rig has been allowed to fall to the bottom of the water close to the weeds. Slow lift and drop techniques with figure of 8 retrieving back to the edge of the lake can trigger superb attacks from trout. Flies working well with this rig include Rainbow Buzzers (point fly), Blank Buster Buzzers, Blank Buster Bloodworm, (middle and top dropper) and Blank Buster Spiders (top dropper)

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Fishing The Spooky Fish Rig or Standard Buzzer Rig If using an CDC Emerger this is cast and the angler waits for the fish to hit the emerger, using the line and CDC as the sight for a bite. However fishing of the Spooky Fish Rig and Standard Buzzer Rig is often done incorrectly for such a deadly technique. This is the best way of fishing the buzzer rig or spooky fish rig: 1. Cast to wherever there is a hatch or fish ‘porpoising’ 2. Allow the flies to drop to below the feeding zone, this may be 1 to 4 feed down or on a cold day may be 8 to 15 feet down. Drop the rod tip so it is horizontal. 3. Once the middle dropper fly has reached say 18” below the feeding zone then lift the rod tip slowly to 60 degrees. Lifting the rod tip has the effect of lifting the buzzers or spiders back into the feeding zone. BEWARE: Fish will hit both on the drop and on the lift with this technique. 4. Take up the slack line dropping the rod back down to the horizontal and repeat from step 2. Notes: If using Bloodworm patterns then these should ideally be the point fly (as it reaches the lowest point of the lake bottom where bloodworms will be more red!)

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Buzzer / Spider Tandem Rig Tandem rigs have been around for centuries; however in the UK these were forgotten and not used by ‘purist’ fly fishermen until the magazines started flooding the market with tandem rig stories some years ago. However key with tandem rigs is presenting a balanced Figure 7 - Tandem Rig combination of flies. To be successful the angler needs to ask “what am I trying to do with a tandem rig?” This question can be broken down into two parts: (1) “How are the fish feeding?” and (2) “How can I construct a two-fly rig that will exploit this feeding behaviour?” The answer to question 1 is usually just a guess (hopefully an educated one), but you are in complete control of question 2. If fish are not feeding on buzzers on the surface but they are beginning to emerge then you need to experiment to find the depth at which fish are feeding, in deeper / faster water this may mean a 30 inch dropper is required. If trout are just below the surface then a 6 inch dropper may be required. Watch the fish to determine the correct depth. However this rig works well for both Buzzer fishing and that interim stage when fish are feeding on Emergers and starting to hit the dry flies as well. Of course you © The Essential Fly Page | 18 Fly Fishing Flies, Fly fishing Tackle, Fly Tying Materials Blank Busters


also have the added benefit of a bite indicator with the dry fly! Using this type of rig is great for example when a hatch is on but the fish are not taking duns. Emerger Tandem Rig The final rig used by Sandy with his range of flies is the Emerger Rig. This is great for when the flies are emerging and changing into their final stage, that of the adult fly. This rig gives two different opportunities to interest the trout. It is presenting the trout with the Emerger and dry fly on/in the surface film. Fished with a small single dropper 18 inches from the fly it has the added benefit that the dry fly acts as a bite indicator for those trout that simply suck down the Emerger on the surface.

Figure 8 - Emerger Tandem Rig

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Fish Rig The final rig used by Sandy is for lakes and rivers where those big brownies hide. Fished with a Blank Buster Nomad as the point fly and a single Buzzer or Rainbow Buzzer on the dropper. This rig should be left to drop very close to the bottom of the river or lake and retrieved with a slow jerky retrieve moving the rod from side to side also helps to imitate a sculpin or small fish darting from side to side.

Figure 9 - Fish and Bloodworm Rig

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Sandy’s Blank Buster Buzzers Understanding Fly Design Let us start at the beginning. If you read fascinating books such as Dave Whitlocks’s Imitating and Fishing Natural Fish Foods, he describes how flies fall into 4 categories, suggestive, impressionistic, imitative and exact imitative. Exact imitative or imitative flies are superb where a fisherman knows exactly how to present the food imitations, i.e. at the depth with the movement that is fully representative of the fish’s prey. These are used when larger fish are feeding very selectively on a specific natural food form. An example of this is if you fish a Mayfly on stretches of the River Wye at Haddon Hall and unless it has 3 tails it will be completely ignored even on ‘duffers fortnight’. Here only an imitative or exact imitative with 3 tails works. It is the same with Grannom Caddis hatches in Yorkshire and Scotland, Elk Hair Caddis as a suggestive fly catches some fish but not anywhere as many fish as an imitative or exact imitative Grannom Caddis pattern. Luckily this is an infrequent requirement as for the average fly fishermen suggestive or impressionistic flies frequently catch more fish than exact imitations. This is why classic flies such as Gold Ribbed Hare’s Ear, Muddler Minnows and Woolly Buggers catch fish, they are impressionistic. Indeed a Muddler or Gold Ribbed Hares Ear does not look like any natural food, they are only suggestive or impressionistic.

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Sandy’s Blank Buster Design What Sandy has done is simple but extremely clever. He has created an impressionistic Fly with a basic fly body comprising of a slim black body and with very pronounced ribbing, this gives the

Figure 10 - Blank Buster Buzzer In Natural Daylight

impression of a small Buzzer or Emerger. To this Sandy has then added a fluorescent hot spot which becomes the target point for trout to attack. What is most clever is Figure 11 – Identical Blank Buster Buzzer Sandy has been amongst Under UV Light the first fly tyers to create an impressionistic range of flies covering an insect’s entire lifecycle, with:  

the Blank Buster Bloodworm imitating the blood red larva at the bottom of the lake Blank Buster Spiders, Depth Charge Blank Busters with tungsten beadheads and Rainbow Blank Buzter Buzzers all imitating the buzzer becoming more drab in colour as it prepares for hatching

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  

Blank Buster spiders imitating the buzzer as it throws out breathing tubes and prepares for hatch Black Buster CDC Emergers representing the buzzer in its typical ‘comma’ shape in the surface film as it prepares to emerge. Blank Buster Klinkhammers all using the fluorescence representing the emerged midge

Then to cap it all Sandy applied the same techniques of fluorescence an imitation to the Nomad pattern created by Rob Spiller with Light Day and Dark day fish imitations. A single range for the Stillwater angler. Blank Buster Buzzers were really ‘the buzz’ in 2008 when they were launched. These Buzzers were so thin that they made Anorexic Buzzers look fat. They are tied with a secret special tying method to produce a skinny Buzzer with a tight rib. Even now, Sandy’s secret tying method is kept between only a limited number of people. These Buzzers are ultra thin and the only potential downside we have found it that they can be torn by sharp trout teeth, but then what fly is not! The secret for these Buzzers is the tying method and hot-spot. In March 2009 after the Total FlyFisher review of the Blank Buster Buster Buzzers, there was a frantic

Figure 12 - Sandy Dickson Designer of Blank Buster Buzzers

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telephone call from a fisherman on a lake in Northumberland – this angler wanted the full set of Blank Buster Buzzers as quickly as possible. Of the 15 people on the lake only eight were catching fish and they were all using Blank Buster Buzzers! As he was not catching the gillie had passed him a fly which he immediately took a trout with, this turned out to be a Sandy’s Blank Buster. Fished with the correct technique these flies proved to be deadly suggestive patterns. Fisherman and Fly Tyers everywhere argue about what creates a perfect fly, many experts will argue size, others will argue shape or colour or movement. Sandy decided upon the basic recipe for his suggestive range of flies: 1. Trigger point thoraxes or tails specifically designed for different light conditions, working in different light conditions utilising the sunlight to create a fluorescent hot spot, at different depths and at different times of day. 2. Size - the Buzzers had to look ‘real’ to trout, they needed to make skinny Buzzers look fat but they had to be lifelike, ribbed but not like many of the horrific ribs found on so many Buzzers today. Fluorescence Fluorescence has been a topic discussed by anglers world-wide and early books like Joseph Keen’s book - Fluorescent Flies (1964) and Thomas Clegg’s book - The Truth About Fluorescents (1967). These stimulated Sandy’s long term interest in fluorescence and its effect on trout. Today more genuine scientific research is now taking place on fluorescence; indeed Sandy and The Essential Fly team have sponsored research projects © The Essential Fly Page | 24 Fly Fishing Flies, Fly fishing Tackle, Fly Tying Materials Blank Busters


with Hull University and Sheffield University on Trout vision and insect luminescence / fluorescence and matching materials. The team are also planning sponsoring a 3 year studentship studying prey characteristics and predation by fish, these are expected to give definitive direction and some answers to fishermen about trout vision enhancing our knowledge of colour and fluorescence in fishing. Who knows with their research we may find the magic hidden within materials like Chadwicks 477 with their research! So what is this fluorescent hot-spot? It is really simple, fluorescent threads are used to create a small area on the fly which is like a light bulb when hit by the ultraviolet rays of the sun. Because we cannot see in the ultraviolet spectrum we do not Figure 13 - Hull University Researching Luminescence give it sufficient credence, we can only see this in a disco or with an ultra violet torch! Added to this in their early years trout and other salmonids can actually see in the ultraviolet spectrum. The reason for their ability to see ultraviolet light is not clear, some scientists suggest this might help with foraging ability in younger fish. Until scientists prove why and how this works we can only rely on field research by many anglers that over many years have proved fluorescent materials Š The Essential Fly Page | 25 Fly Fishing Flies, Fly fishing Tackle, Fly Tying Materials Blank Busters


work. Under water the ultraviolet rays of the sun hit the fluorescent threads making the intensity of the hot spot colour glow strongly. Using the correct fly colours according to the light conditions we can make the fly more visible under water, for example fluorescent red shows more in peaty water, fluorescent green shows more in coloured water. The only secret Sandy would reveal about the range is that he uses Thorax Magic, a specific ptfe tape which he uses as backing for the thorax on his flies. Sandy explained if we were to paint a dark coloured wall with a bright colour we make the colour more pronounced by first painting the wall white. In the same way by using this bright white tape as a background on a hook the fluorescent colour really shines through making the hot spot ‘light bulb’ effect even more prolific. Sandy’s Blank Buster Colour Chart

Sandy’s Blank Buster Range Blank Buster Colour Fluoro Scarlet Fluoro Orange & Fluoro Yellow Fluoro Green Luminious & Sparklemet Lumi Flash Attack Fluoro Pink

Recommended Usage Very effective at dawn, dusk or dull days or peaty water Best on bright days Coloured water and bad light Best 1 hour before dawn and deadly 1 hour before dusk Use anytime of day Grayling any time of day

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Blank Buster Fly Range

Figure 14 - Blank Buster Bloodworm

Figure 17 - Blank Buster Spider

Figure 15 - Blank Buster Buzzer

Figure 18 - Rainbow Blank Buster Buzzer

Figure 16 - Blank Buster CDC Emerger

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Figure 19 - Blank Buster Klinkhammer

Figure 20 - Blank Buster Nomad Bright Day

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Figure 21 - Blank Buster Nomad Dull Day

Figure 22 - Blank Buster Usage

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About The Essential Fly The Essential Fly is a premium manufacturer and supplier of fly fishing flies including trout flies, salmon flies and specialist flies including pike flies and saltwater flies. Our tackle includes own brand and fly brands including Cortland Fly Lines, Scientific Anglers fly lines, Wychwood Fly Rods and fly fishing accessories. We stock a large range of fly tying materials, including own brand and top manufacturers including Semperfli, Veniard, Uni, Stonefly & Tiemco. We offer full replacement guarantee in event of faulty manufacturing. We supply our products world-wide by mail order and currently supply to over 50 countries. Come and join us at http://www.theeessentialfly.com

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