Diversity by Calin Lambrache

DIVERSITY

/ ARCHITECTURE & URBANISM PORTFOLIO LAMBRACHE CALIN GABRIEL / ARCHITECT, EUROPEAN MASTERS OF URBANISM

MOTIVATION Diversity Since the very first assignment in architecture school, everything started for me with understanding the context of my design proposal, as well as the effects of my potential actions. This meant getting to know a series of cultural, spatial, political and economical contexts at first, and then slowly evolved into more and more complex urban studies. The diverse characters of the places resulted in a very different reading and interpreting of each specific case. In turn this lead to a variety of typologies and scales for the proposals. The need for architectural projects to be aware of the relation between the building and the urban scale was obvious, so urbanistic studies became an essential part of my work. The fascination, but also the need to understand the urban context better, grew until it was clear that I needed to have a more in-depth understanding of urbanism. So, the European Masters of Urbanism gave me the opportunity to at least catch a glimpse of the complexity of this discipline. I discovered the intricate relationships between geographical, political and cultural landscapes and how these affect peoplesâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; everyday life. This international programme allowed me not only to face diverse and complex contexts but also to work with people from very different backgrounds, cultures and thus opinions, adding another layer to the complexity of the overall experience. In parallel to these studies I also tried to apply the knowledge to concrete, professional projects. So, the reading and interpreting of the sites determined a series of attitudes towards the design, ranging from submission to the urban tissue typology and architectural aesthetics to commenting on the quality of the surrounding built environment. Everything has lead to seeing my professional experience so far as a very diverse one, diversity that comes from the attitude towards the profession: a multidisciplinary, multicultural approach that crosses scales and cultural boundaries. Considering this, my view on this profession is influenced by the need to understand and to always learn new things. I hope to be a part of a team that desires and is able to tackle any project by grasping every layer of its complexity and using this knowledge to feed the design process. Sincerely, Calin Lambrache

CONTENT

Academic - Urbanism projects 100 LAKES ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................pages 4-27 TAIHU, THE CITY OF THE XXI CENTURY ........................................................................................................................................................................pages 28-41 CONTACT <> SPACES ............................................................................................................................................................................................................pages 42-53 Professional - Personal architecture projects L RESIDENCE ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................pages 54-63 C MEDICAL PRACTICE ..........................................................................................................................................................................................................pages 64-69 Academic - Architecture projects CUMPANA MONASTERY ........................................................................................................................................................................................................pages 70-79 RE|MERGE ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................pages 80-91 ISOVER BUILDING ................................................................................................................................................................................................................pages 92-103 IDENTITY ...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................pages 104-113

100 T

LAKES A

academic project - 2nd year 2nd semester urbanism master feb-aug 2013 | coordinating professor Andre Loeckx

Project

100 LAKES

Type of project ACADEMIC - THESYS PROJECT FOR THE EUROPEAN MASTER OF URBANISM Location TIRANA-DURRES REGION, ALBANIA Role and contribution ANALYSIS - GROUP PROJECT (BOGDAN ILIE, CAI TAO, LU WEI, ZHONGKAI ZHOU) CONTRIBUTION: CONCEPT, DRAFTING, PHOTOSHOP. A TERRITORIAL WASTE COLLECTOR SYSTEM - INDIVIDUAL PROJECT COORDINATOR - 51N4E OFFICE

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Albania - site location

20km

100km

Albania is a small but highly idiosyncratic country and its recent history is one of a series of ruptures: It has seen 6 different regimes from 1912 until 1992; it has remained largely isolated from the rest of the world during the second half of the 20th century; it has witnessed a violent transition to market economy after the collapse of the socialist regime, the impact of which is still perceptible today; it has been the only constitutionally atheist country to exist, resulting today in a rather secular attitude and a spirit of tolerance between a multitude of religions. Appropriately enough, even its (Indo-European) language is a branch in itself. The 100 lakes studio attempts to at first instance capture these specificities and take them aboard while dealing with its core questions: how can the (metropolitan) region of Tirana- Durres manage its increasing dynamic as a whole? How can it invest in an integrative urbanism that links housing needs with economically and ecologically viable solutions? What meaning can the inherited and massive socialist infrastructure find today? How to develop again positive notions of collectivity?

Durres

Tirana-Durres region

Tirana

4km

20km

CONTEXT Europe

Albania

Tirana-Durres region

Kruje

Pristina

PogoCrica

Skopje

Durres

Tirana

Kruje Durres Tirana

Albania is a country in South-eastern Europe. It is bordered by Kosovo to the northeast, Montenegro to the North-west, Macedonia to the east and Greece to the south and southeast. Close to the sea, it has a long coast area on the Adriatic Sea to the west (less than 72km from Italy), and on the Ionian Sea to the southwest. The countryâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s population amounts to about 2,8 million people, 95% of Albanian ethnicity, in an area of approximately 28.000 km2; the official language is Albanian and there is a Muslim majority - a legacy of its centuries of Ottoman rule. Albania applied for European Union membership on 28 April 2009 and was officially recognized by the EU as a â&#x20AC;&#x153;potential candidate countryâ&#x20AC;?. Today the negotiation is ongoing.

Albania is a small, mountainous country in the Balkan peninsula, but rich in natural and water resources with a long Adriatic and Ionian coastline. Having a general overview of the nature and infrastructure condition, it has several main rivers from east mountains, following the east-west lowland corridors, all the way going to the sea on the west-different types of landscape are presented in this small but resourceful territory. All the big cities or towns are linked by roads or railway, Durres has the biggest and most significant port connecting Albania with the other countries by sea, The capital, Tirana, as the political and economic centre in the country, has the only international airport.

Almost 1/3 of the total population (2/3 of urban population) are concentrating in Tirana-Durres region now, and the progress of social-spatial transformation will be even accelerated compare with the other European cities for the next decades. Historically, these two significant cities--Tirana and Durres--have been the cultural and political centres for a long time and well-developed. Nowadays, due to the geographical position, as where the national capital and biggest port city locate, this metropolitan area offers more economic opportunities and social facilities to attract settlement from inner Albania. Future planned projects on European scale (ie. Corridor 8) may trigger further internal migration, representing at the same time an opportunity for further development of the area.

LANDSCAPE AS A COLLECTIVE PROJECT

Historical Context of the Lakes Agriculture Projects Man Made Lakes 1960-1969 Man Made Lakes 1970-1990 Man Made Lakes (without information) Dams Irrigation System Nomal Farmland System Terrace Farmland System

Marsh Land Transformation Industry and Infrustracture Projects National Road Network Railway Lines and Stations

Ishem(1968）

Main Industry Projects Other Features

Topana(1978)

Urban Tissue Topo Lines 100M Topo Lines 200M Nature Water System Yellow Line

Adriatic Sea

Kruje

Tarin(1962)

Budull

Rine(1985)

Shkalle(1971)

Tapize(1981)

Rade nr2(1968) Berce(1970)

Sharge(1976) Shupal Kodner(1974) Rade nr1(1966) Cerkez(1970)

Bilalas(1966)

Vore Shupal(1976)

Valias Coal Mine (1971-1975) Rabjeke(1967) d

d by me 70) for ns 66-19 d Tra (19

lan

rsh

Berxull(1965)

lan

Kares(1981)

Sakoza(1982) Zallherre-1(1973)

Sukth

Gjokaj-1(1967)

Gjokaj(1985) Karpen(1966) Tufine(1976)

Paskuqan(1983)

Kashar(1963)

Porcelain (old complex) (1956-1960)

Koxhas(1967)

Linze(1970)

Metalla e vjeter(1965) s nd ) h Po 70 Fis 66-19 (19

Spitalle nr1(1963)

"Dinamo" Mechanical plant (1962) Shtepaze(1975) Porcelain (new complex) (1988-1989)

"Partizani" plant (1951-1955) Shtraze(1968)

Shoe and Leather Processing Factory (1947)

"Skëndërbe" Brandy Distillery (1961-1965)

Spitalle nr2(1968)

Plastic Factory (1966-1970) Brick Factory

Celeberzez(1976)

Rrashbull

"Migjeni" Artistic Enterprise (1976-1980)

Tirana Tiranë-Durrës Railway (1949)

Purezi(1971)

"Enver" Tractor Plant (old complex) (1966-1970)

Durres

U.M.B. (1966-1970)

Lanabregas(1978)

Gjepalaj(1967)

SIE-Rubbers (1951-1955)

Radio-television plant (1966-1970)

"Enver Hoxha" Shipyard (1961-1965)

"Enver" Tractor Plant (new complex) (1971-1975)

Allyjate(1975)

Silicate Brick Factory (1967)

Xhafzotaj(1985)

Manskuri(1969)

Mechanical Enterprise of Railroad (1956-1960)

"Enver" Mechanical plant (1948)

"Misto Mame" Wood Plant (1951-1955)

Coal-Fired Power Plant (1951-1955) Callekut(1963) Arapaj(1966)

"Ali Kelmendi" Food Plant (1956-1960)

Glass Factory (1956-1960)

Terrace Farmland (Since1950)

Durres Port (1950)

"Stalin" Textile Plant (1951-1955)

Prrush(1978)

Pjeza(1967)

Farke(1984) Sauk(1982)

Likesh(1986) Shkallenur(1969)

Sharre(1980)

Selita-2(1970) Selita(1973)

Cizmeli(1982)

Vlo

Gurre(1973)

res-

Pinet(1989) Bozanxhias(1972)

P. Arave(1981)

Dur

rre

s-S ara

Manskuri e Vogel(1970)

The impact of the socialist period on the territorial landscape In order to understand the present development in Tirana-Durres region, we should read the social development and urban transformation in the specific period corresponding to the socialist regime from 1944 to 1991, which transformed and shaped the current Albanian social-spatial structure to a large extent. In the socialist regime, state government gave the top priority to industry, especially the heavy industry, over the agriculture in order to achieve modernization and improve the social life and economy. Immediately, there are a large number of large-scale public projects launched for industry, agriculture and infrastructure construction, like various factories, railway lines, housing units for the working class, bunkers for defence purposes, artificial lakes for irrigation as well as terraced hills/ drained marshland for cultivation etc., which were mainly realized through top-down policies from “people’s state power” (examples being the “New Towns” in 1960s, and “Voluntary Work” in 1970s). The sheer number of public projects during this specific period largely modified the face of cities and landscape alike. Today, big part of this volume of works is still present. Part of the infrastructure is dilapidated (bunkers, factories), part is still operational (national roads, railway), part is operational but with the function changed (informal housing taking over factory buildings) and in some cases the infrastructure is operational but with a new definition are pending (artificial lakes, where the original irrigation purpose is often no longer present). There exist already different studies. dealing with the potential of different infrastructure parts, and the local opportunities they offer. This study will attempt to add a dimension: the continuous presence of these projects across the territory also presents a potential to develop alternative solutions on a larger scale. The rejected imposed collectivity of that period could perhaps indirectly help today, through its imprint in the territory, to find new and appropriate collective projects.

Romanat(1966)

Alltate(1974)

Zaranike-1(1973) Ballaxhias(1969) Zaranike-2(1975)

Rov(1966)

Krraba(1972)

Paper Processing Plant (1961-1965) Mustafakoc(1975) Artistic Enterprise (1976-1980)

Kavaje

Veski(1972)

Glass Factory (1966-1970)

Zelaji(1975) Nail and Bolt Plant (1961-1965)

Food Factory (1956-1960) Vrap(1973)

Peze Gjyslykonje(1967)

Durres-Deqin

Kilometers 24

Tirana-Albasan

Tufine(1976)

Paskuqan(1983)

Porcelain (old complex) (1956-1960)

Tarin(1962)

Berce(1970)

Linze(1970)

"Dinamo" Mechanical plant (1962) Shtepaze(1975) Porcelain (new complex) (1988-1989)

"Partizani" plant (1951-1955) Shoe and Leather Processing Factory (1947)

"Migjeni" Artistic Enterprise (1976-1980)

Tirana Tiranë-Durrës Railway (1949)

"Enver" Tractor Plant (old complex) (1966-1970)

Lanabregas(1978)

"Enver" Tractor Plant (new complex) (1971-1975)

Silicate Brick Factory (1967)

"Ali Kelmendi" Food Plant (1956-1960)

"Enver" Mechanical plant (1948)

Glass Factory (1956-1960)

Budull

"Misto Mame" Wood Plant (1951-1955)

Coal-Fired Power Plant (1951-1955) "Stalin" Textile Plant (1951-1955)

Farke(1984) Sauk(1982)

Shkalle(1971)

Industry-related projects (archive image)

Historical industry-related projects Sharre(1980)

y db me ) for 1970 s ran 66d T (19

lan

rsh

Rabjeke(1967) Industry-related projects (current condition)

Selita-2(1970) Selita(1973)

Gurre(1973)

P. Arave(1981)

)

Tapize(1981)

Rade nr2(1968) Berce(1970)

Sharge(1976)

Rade nr1(1966) Cerkez(1970)

Bilalas(1966)

Valias Coal Mine (1971-1975) Rabjeke(1967) Alltate(1974)

Historical hydrology-related projects

Berxull(1965)

Kares(1981)

Zaranike-1(1973)

Ballaxhias(1969)

Hydrology-related projects (archive image)

Karpen(1966)

Sakoza(1982) Zaranike-2(1975)

Zallherre-1(1973)

Koxhas(1967)

Gjokaj-1(1967)

Rov(1966) Karpen(1966)

Koxhas(1967)

Metalla e vjeter(1965)

Gjokaj(1985)

ds on ) h P 970 Fis 66-1 (19

Krraba(1972)

Kashar(1963)

Tufine(1976)

Paskuqan(1983)

Porcelain (old complex) (1956-1960)

Linze(1970)

"Dinamo" Mechanical plant (1962) Shtepaze(1975) Porcelain (new complex) (1988-1989)

"Partizani" plant (1951-1955) Mustafakoc(1975)

Shtraze(1968)

Shoe and Leather Processing Factory (1947) Celeberzez(1976)

Gjepalaj(1967)

Tirana Tiranë-Durrës Railway (1949)

Purezi(1971)

"Skëndërbe" Brandy Distillery (1961-1965)

actory

Sukth

Vore

Veski(1972)

Historical agriculture-related projects

Agriculture-related projects (archive image)

Plastic Factory (1966-1970) SIE-Rubbers

Rrashbull

"Enver" Tractor Plant (old complex) (1966-1970)

Lanabregas(1978)

"Enver" Tractor Plant (new complex) (1971-1975)

Allyjate(1975)

Zelaji(1975)

"Migjeni" Artistic Enterprise (1976-1980)

Silicate Brick Factory (1967)

"Ali Kelmendi" Food Plant (1956-1960)

Coal-Fired Power Plant (1951-1955)

Agriculture-related projects (current condition)

"Enver" Mechanical plant (1948)

Glass Factory (1956-1960) "Misto Mame" Wood Plant (1951-1955)

Gjepalaj(1967)

WATER: SYSTEMATIC LANDSCAPE

The water system that irrigates the agricultural territory of the Tirana – Durrës region is organized along two river valleys, the Lanë river valley that spreads from Tiana to the North – West and the Erzeni river valley to the West. It was realized in steps, through “voluntary” work, across a time period of 20 years, starting from the early 1960’s to the late 1980’s, during the second half of the communist regime. It was designed to irrigate the land in these two valleys, making it feasible for intensive agriculture. Approximately 100 dams were constructed in the region. The system is organized according to water flow. The mountains framing the two valleys provide the catchment areas and springs that in turn feed the canal system. Due to the climate, with heavy rainfall in two of the seasons, respectively autumn and winter, the water needed storing which came in the form of 100 artificial lakes built by closing small valleys on the edge of the surrounding mountains. The water system is a whole organized around the natural water flow, complemented by an artificial system. The two work together to feed the agricultural lands. The natural water system comprises of water providers like natural springs and the rivers that serve a double role, collecting and distributing water at the same time. The artificial water system has source components, like catchment areas and lakes, main distributors and antennas that feed the territory. The surplus water is then collected by the drainage system which flows into the rivers.

Water System Water system structure

Water system structure: Reservoir Reservoir catchment area Flooding areas Collector river River Spring Canal Distribution canal Drainage canal

Source subsystems Spring 1-10 l/s

Tërku

Ishmi

Ishm

Tërkuza

Bilalas(1966)

d Bu

le Rabjeke(1967)

Erz en i

ull

Gjo

Kares(1981)

Tarin(1962)

i bin Ta

Tapize(1981)

rdh

Të rk

Koxhas(1967)

Karpen(1966)

u ud

Cerkez(1970)

Metalla e vjeter(1965)

Spitalle nr1(1963)

Gjole

Shtraze(196

Erzeni

Tërkuza Spitalle nr2(1968)

Xhafzotaj(1985)

Gjepalaj(1967)

majka

pala

Arapaj(1966)

Rivers The rivers follow the topography and are integrated in the canal network. Their natural role of drainage is thus accompanied by the role of distribution, feeding rkuza the system directly or throughBrakthe main Tëdistribution a zeni canals. The water system Erlinks the rivers and gives a second direction to the water flow.

Manskuri(1969)

Gje

Erz

Canals The canal network spreads the water throughout the territory irrigating the land. It works together with the za rivers creating a system and it structures rku the water Të flow. Water enters the system through distribution canals that are in turn fed directly by the sources. The canals spread water in the territory while the drainage canals intake the surplus water and feed it back into the system.

Pjeza(1967)

Callekut(1963)

Likesh(1986)

Shkallenur(1969)

Rade nr2(1968)

Zallherre-1(1973)

Sharge(1976)

Rade nr1(1966)

Manskuri e Vogel(1970)

Tirana

në

Bozanxhias(1972)

Romanat(1966)

a Tir

Bilalas(1966)

Tir an

Limuthi

Rabjeke(1967)

Paskuqan(1983)

në

Tufine(1976) Linze(1970)

Kashar(1963)

Sharga

Tira na

Berce(1970)

Erz

Shkalle(1971)

Lakes The lakes are fed by springs and water collected from the catchment areas defined by the highest ridges framing them. They store the water and control its distribution necessary due to the seasonal fluctuations in precipitation. It is then released into the irrigation network or used for drinking water.

a Tir

Tir an

Koko

Berxull(1965) Kares(1981)

Lake used for irrigation and drinking water Lan

Irrigation canal Tirana

Sakoza(1982)

Tirana

River near Tirana Tira n

Shtepaze(1975)

INFRASTRUCTURE-DRIVEN URBAN EXPANSION

After the collapse of communist regime and accompanied by the social structure shifting -free movement of people, inner/outer migration trends and free marketeconomy as a driving force contributed in an important way to the urban sprawl anyway caused by the lack of enforceable regulations. Urban and infrastructure constructions during the last two decades represent a rapid urbanization progress without clear hierarchy, gradually taking over the territory at the points of least resistance (mild topography) . Ecological factors are largely ignored (see misuse of the water network, river pollution, ad hoc sewage systems, poor air quality in the city). Although inside the main urban centres there are coordinated attempts to improve the living quality, in the countryside there is very little awareness of ecological value. The natural resources gradually are put behind and function as the back side of the current urban dispersion. Although there is room for improvement in each of these economic, ecological, social aspects separately, the real sustainability progress will start at the moment these start working as a whole. In this region as well as generally in our westernised world, the question of an integrative sustainability represents the real challenge. As general as the question may be though, the answer will have to stay specific, local, as its applicability may depend on its straightforwardness and its capacity to steer the imagination of the local population.

The expansion of the urban pattern

1991

2001

2013 urban pattern_1991 urban pattern_2001 urban pattern_2013 mobility infrastructure

Types of urban expansion in the post socialist era

Urbanization along infrastructure

Urbanization along river valleys (no terrain resistance)

Inner city densification

CHALENGES

Administrative break up of systems Following the break up of the centralized social system and governance the political power and responsibility has been passed on to a certain extent to the communes. The territorial scale systems however due to their design made and maintained under central control and supervision are broken up. Their functionality still addresses the territorial level therefore there is a mismatch between operative scale and management.

Water sub-systems and administration Upon a closer analysis of the water system we can see that itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s composed of multiple sub-systems. The independent managing of these subsystem is hampered by the administrative mismatch with the water system.

CONCLUSION: PROJECT AMBITIONS

Urbanity

Infrastructure

Water System

Agriculture

Ecology

Adriatic Sea

CHALENGES

Urban Expansion

Governance

Resources

SHARED AMBITIONS

preserve ecological value

make use of the existing potential

create public space

create economic and job opportunities

reconcile past values with future pressures

PROJECT PROPOSALS

Water As A Tool for Interweaving

A Territorial Waste Collector

A Climate-Conditioning Land-

Systematic Landscapes Around the main infrastructure spine connecting Tirana to Durres, the pure agricultural landscape that the water system was once created to irrigate is no longer there. An investigation on how the water system can adapt to support, integrate and structure the hybrid mix of urban and agricultural landscape.

System A hypothesis of use of the water system as a starting point for the implementation of a sustainable solid waste management, in response to the deficiencies of the current system in the Tirana-Durres region and the behavioural patterns associated with it. A proposal for a gradual switch in behaviour through an adaptive waste management model.

scape An investigation of the role of landscape interventions on the local and regional climate. A proposal for a resilient landscape and its management mode in the mountain range between Tirana and Durres. A focus on the commune of Vore as the intersection of an ecological and an urbanization corridor.

Fast trees, Slow trees A proposal for the introduction of tree nurseries and cultivated forest as a single response to a twofold question: how to articulate an environmental preservation policy and how to enhance the thinning local agricultural economy.

A Decentralized Energy Test Case If the capacity for the generation of electricity on a local level would be used to steer future urban growth, how would the region transform? An analysis of the potential of the territory for the production of diffused energy and an investigation of its spatial impact.

Reading the territory in relation to its future challenges The Tirana-Durres region is the strongest economic region of Albania considering geographical position and the dynamics created between the main harbour of Albania, Durres, and the political and administrative capital, Tirana. Due to these aspects it has attracted the major economical developments which in turn led to an increase in population whose trend shows no signs of slowing down. At the same time the region has a rich as well as heavy heritage: a vast, monumental water system, radical in its shaping of the territory, reflecting past practices ecologically and socially unsustainable, is today seriously neglected, but technically recoverable. The shift in administration models from a centralized one to an increasingly decentralized one along with the pressures induced by the growth of population materialized in a dispersed urban pattern that clashes with these territorial scale systems. These tensions, along with the misinterpretation of what these systems stand for, manifest through their neglect, misuse and degradation. The developed proposals revolve around a search for new definitions for it that are ecologically economically and socially sound and in tune with the current reality of the territory: How can the presence of rich natural resources, like important pan-European wind corridors, water, forests, solar energy, inform a more rational pattern of urbanization? How can the embedded energy of the territorial infrastructure monuments be harvested and how can their functionality help achieve a balance between the future pressure of urbanization and the race for economic development. How can their qualities and dynamics raise awareness of their potential and inform a more aware management model? All five projects seek innovation on the border of urbanism and other disciplines. In full conscience of the missing competences, this detour in less familiar fields of knowledge aims at providing an arguable hypothesis that opens up the scope of the study, to gradually return, enriched, to space-related dynamics and behaviours.

A TERRITORIAL WASTE COLLECTOR SYSTEM

Waste catchment areas in relation to the water system and the urban fabric outside the formal urban areas of Tirana and Durres

Amount of waste generated in areas with a waste management system 588.578 tons / year

Amount of waste generated in areas without a waste management system 152.204 tons / year 62.204 t / year

UNMANAGED / DUMPED SOLID WASTE IN THE AREA: 154.204 TONS/YEAR CHALLENGE: DEFICIENT WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

90.000 t / year Porto Romano Open landfill

26.149 t / year

414.377 t / year

146.061 t / year

Sharre

Sanitary landfill 15 ha/ 2.900.000 tons/year capacity

Other 11% Other Glass Plastics 9% Glass Biodegradable 18% Plastics

Other 11% Other Glass 5% Glass Plastics Biodegradable 9% Plastics 75% Biodegradable

62% Biodegradable

The effects of dumping and deficient waste management (Lane River)

Solid waste management as the main problem Municipal solid waste production is increasing in Albania as well as in the region of Tirana and Durres. Since this is by far the most populated part of the country, it is responsible for a very high percentage of the national solid waste production. Tirana alone dominates the generation of municipal solid waste. Adding Durres and the cities in the region the area becomes the main solid waste generator of Albania with 740.762 tons/year. Compared to other metropolitan areas the production of waste in the Tirana-Durres region is not large but the effects on the environment are incomparably greater. The problem is the waste management in the Tirana-Durres region.

Dumped solid waste through the catchment areas rain

households

litter

catchment area

Informal trash discharge in rivers slope

dump site

river

irrigation canal

Informal trash discharge in canals

20 Litter path through the catchment areas - Ishmi river valley

Tirana-Durres region waste production compared to the rest of the country

The rest of the country

Tirana-Durres region

0 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Municipal solid waste production

1000000 quantity (tons)

800000

Tirana

Albania

600000

400000

200000

year

26.6 tons/week

73.8 tons/week

42.4 tons/week

39.0 tons/week

17.2 tons/week

114.2 tons/week

6.6 tons/week

15.8 tons/week 2.6 tons/week

124.2 tons/week

13.4 tons/week

17.2 tons/week

0 tons/week

19.8 tons/week

27.0 tons/week

19.0 tons/week

83.4 tons/week

1 tons/week

6.0 tons/week

7.0 tons/week

46.2 tons/week

29.8 tons/week

18.2 tons/week

1.0 tons/week

28.4 tons/week

237.0 tons/week

247.0 tons/week

41.8 tons/week

23.2 tons/week

82.2 tons/week

2.6 tons/week

62.0 tons/week

29.4 tons/week

179.6 tons/week 17.8 tons/week 25.0 tons/week

38.4 tons/week

61.0 tons/week 20.6 tons/week

53.6 tons/week

47.2 tons/week

Litter Paths through the Catchment Areas

Total litter load 1186 tons/week

2,5

2,0

1,5

1,0

0,5

0,0

Municipal solid waste production of the Tirana-Durres region compared to other metropolitan areas

quantity (milion tons)

Tirana-Durres region 154.175 tons/year 20% of total

16.8 tons/week

8.8 tons/week

73.8 tons/week

15.8 tons/week

1.6 tons/week

54.2 tons/week

37.4 tons/week

89.2 tons/week

10.6 tons/week

9.0 tons/week

21.4 tons/week

24.0 tons/week

9.2 tons/week

3.2 tons/week 2.0 tons/week

9.0 tons/week

7.6 tons/week

34.4 tons/week

9.6 tons/week

Total litter load 1.698 tons/week

Litter path through the catchment areas-Erzeni river valley

Management of solid waste in the Tirana-Durres region Unmanaged solid waste

Managed solid waste

Barcelona metropolitan area

Veneto metropolitan area 586.587 tons/year 80% of total

293.2 tons/week

818.4 tons/week

289.6 tons/week

7.2 tons/week

5.6 tons/week 8.8 tons/week

8.8 tons/week

17.6 tons/week

40.2 tons/week

5.0 tons/week

0.2 tons/week

1.2 tons/week

0.6 tons/week

0 tons/week

24.0 tons/week

9.8 tons/week

The collection of solid waste from the water system as a starting point for achieving the goals

Initial phase-Present day situation - Lack of general awareness of the consequences of irresponsible litter disposal - Pollution of the Adriatic Sea, with national and international implications - Pollution of the landscape - Compromised public health - Lack of general awareness of the advantages/ potential economic profit in recycling

Transitional phase-Proposal -Intensive cleaning of the water system -Implement a system of sorting and recycling that uses the solid waste collected during the cleaning process and optimize it to encourage people to sort and recycle by turning it into an economically profitable alternative

Final phase-Goal - Generation of a recycling economy - Adapt the proposed cleaning structural elements for reuse as maintenance equipment

Long term goals

Equipment used

Implement sorting and recycling processes

Hydraulically Operated Trash Racks

Type of waste collected

Clean the water system by capturing litter and preventing dumping

Floating Debris Traps

Type of waste collected

Collection centres for implementing the sorting and recycling process in the territory

2.500.000 m 続

Positioning of traps relating to water system elements

Positioning of traps relating to accessibility

Type 1 collection center Characteristics: -Small size. -A whole network spread through the territory. -Only collection is performed here: drop-off centers, transfer stations. -For places in areas with less litter load and less households. -Initially collection from water system and households. -At a later stage-collection mostly from households. -Sends the separated waste to bigger ones for further sorting Type 2

Positioning of collection centres relating to density and waste production

Type 2 collection center Characteristics: Large size. Collection, separation and sorting is performed here. Receives the separated waste from smaller ones for sorting For places in areas with big litter load and large number of households. Initially collection from water system and households. At a later stage-collection mostly from households: recycling drop-off centers, recycling centers

Type 2

Type 1

First stage

Positioning of collection centres relating to the infrastructure

Type 1

Type 2

Type 1

Second stage

First stage

Second stage

Efficiency check of the equipment in relation to natural conditions

Constant wind conditions

III

Safe temperatures

VII VIII

XI XII

III

Rainfall - not constant

VII VIII

XI XII

III

Days between rainfalls - not constant

VII VIII

XI XII

III

VII VIII

Tirana - average wind speed (m/s)

Tirana - average temperature (째C)

Tirana - average rainfall (mm)

Tirana - numbers of significant rains/month

Durres - average wind speed (m/s)

Durres - average temperature (째C)

Durres - average rainfall (mm)

Durres - numbers of significant rains/month

Vore - average wind speed (m/s)

Vore - average temperature (째C)

Vore - average rainfall (mm)

Vore - numbers of significant rains/month

Kruje - average wind speed (m/s)

Kruje - average temperature (째C)

Kruje - average rainfall (mm)

Kruje - numbers of significant rains/month

XI XII

N/A 11

N/A Source: GAISMA

Source: GAISMA

Use of the reservoir water to improve efficiency of the equipment I

III

VII

VIII

XII

Rain input to reservoirs (million m3)

21.3 19.3 18.3 16.3 13.7 9.9 6.2 7.9 13.1 18.1 26.9 24.0

Rain input to rivers (million m3)

65.7 59.5 56.4 50.2 42.4 30.5 19.1 24.3 40.3 55.9 82.8 74.0

Reservoir input to the water system (million m3)

Reservoir aided water flow (million m3)

Reservoir water volume (million m3)

III

VII

VIII

XII

III

VII

VIII

XII

21.3 19.3 18.3 16.3 13.7 9.9 6.2 7.9 13.1 18.1 26.9 24.0

65.7 59.5 56.4 50.2 42.4 30.5 19.1 24.3 40.3 55.9 82.8 74.0

No. of rains >5 mm

11 8 8 8 6 3 1 2 4 8 8 12

No. of rains to simulate

0 0 0 0 0 2

1 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 7.6 19.5 30.9 25.7 9.7 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 2.8 14.5 25.9 20.7 4.7 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 3.9 7.7 5.8 1.9 0 0 0

87.0 78.8 74.7 66.5 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 55.9 82.8 94.3

87.0 78.8 74.7 66.5 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 55.9 82.8 94.3

87.0 78.8 74.7 66.5 42.4 34.4 26.8 30.1 42.2 55.9 82.8 94.3

52.2 52.2

52.2 42.6 17.9 0.1 3.5 21.6 48.5 52.2 critical

52.2 52.2

52.2 47.6 27.9 15.1 23.5 41.6 52.2 52.2 acceptable but not efficient

52.2 52.2

52.2 48.3 40.6 34.8 32.9 46.0 52.2 52.2 most efficient

26 Litter path through the clustered catchment areas Ishmi river valley 23.1 t/w

6.9 t/w

23.1 t/w

2.6 t/w

18.6 t/w

3.1 t/w

13.4 t/w

17.2 t/w

0 t/w

19.8 t/w

19.5 t/w

1.0 t/w

8.8 t/w

46.2 t/w

2.9 t/w

1.0 t/w

1.7 t/w

38.8 t/w

77.4 t/w

69.2 t/w

37.7 t/w

14.4 t/w

54.6 t/w

9.0 t/w

3.1 t/w

24.0 t/w

9.2 t/w

3.2 t/w 2.0 t/w

9.0 t/w

7.6 t/w

Litter path through the clustered catchment areas Erzeni river valley

2.6 t/w

13.3 t/w

20.6 t/w

2.9 t/w

16.7 t/w

13.3 t/w

253.4 t/w

16.7 t/w

40.2 t/w

3.7 t/w

24.7 t/w

Reconfigured litter paths Legend

Big litter trap (on river)

Small litter trap (on canal)

Litter released into the sea 292.8 tons/week

Litter released into the sea 30.7 tons/week

The proposed litter traps and collection centers in relation to the water system, the main infrastructure and the urban fabric outside the formal urban areas of Tirana and Durres

TAIHU, THE CITY OF THE XXI CENTURY T

academic feb-aug

project 2012

1st year 2nd semester coordinating professor

urbanism master Kelly Shannon

Project

TAIHU, THE CITY OF THE XXI CENTURY

Type of project ACADEMIC - EUROPEAN MASTER OF URBANISM Location TAIHU, BEIJING, CHINA Role and contribution GROUP PROJECT (DENNIS SCHOUWERS, JONAS KNAPEN, RUI QIN, SAM KHABIR, SABRINA MARTINEZ, TIANLU ZHOU, YUVRAJ CHAUHAN) - CONTRIBUTION: CONCEPT, DRAFTING, RENDERS, PHOTOSHOP.

Beijing - site location

5km

25km

Taihu

2km

10km

PROJECT DESCRIPTION Beijing is growing rapidly, and in this haste the neighbouring villages or smaller cities are swallowed by the capital city. Entire villages, industrial areas for small and medium enterprises, agricultural land together with the exiting infrastructure is being levelled and brand new neighbourhoods or big industries are being built. This poses as a threat for the traditional way of living and its cultural background. People are being moved to sterile environments, large scale neighbourhoods that do not allow them to keep their traditions and culture. Taihu is a former agricultural area that used to feed a large part of the population of Beijing. It also includes villages housing the people working the land. Today it is in the process of being taken over by large scale developments. We were asked to find an alternative for this kind of development, one which allows saving the traditional way of living without compromising the economic benefits.

CONCEPT We proposed a new Taihu development, a city of the twenty first century. Concerned about the environment, society, living conditions and quality of the public spaces, the project pursues to create sustainable atmospheres that contribute to the regeneration of the urban areas situated in the region while providing a range of different choices for meeting all of your clientÂ´s needs. In this sense we have divided the project into four elements: - Shi Ji city, a high density development in touch with the landscape, with high quality public spaces and low CO2 emissions - Specialised villages, a system of villages promoting traditional values in an entrepreneurial atmosphere and generating local economy - Wetlands, an area for recreational purposes but also for a different way of dwelling, away from the busy life of Beijing - Productive landscape, the in-between areas of Taihu be optimised to obtain the perfect balance between food production and clean energy production

Taihu 2030 - proposal plan

1km

5km

SPECIALISED VILLAGES

金礦村 Jin Kuang Villages, live the entrepreneurial experience

Thirteen specialized villages, hundreds of unique experiences and products.

特色养殖村

Dog Breeding Village

Housing + work unit ground level

Housing + work unit 1st level

商+住 Housing+ business/Two in one Every dog owner and his pet will go wild in dog village. Apart from selling the worlds biggest dog variety, the village offers training and trading facilities, beauty salons, playing areas and even a dog racing track. Combine living and working in one of the house-work apartments. Visit the most dog friendly settlement in the world and find the most exotic breeds and treats for your pet.

Learn how to take good care of your dog at our Training Center.

100m

500m

Dog village facilities and public spaces

ć¸&#x201D;ä¸&#x161;ć?&#x2018; Pond village

Housing + work unit ground level

Enjoy the beauty and peace of lotus and ornamental fish

Ever since the Sung Dynasty China has had a strong tradition in fishkeeping. Where fish symbolise unity and fertility, the lotus grown in the village ponds embodies ultimate purity and perfection. When surrounded by these natural beauties, you can truly come to peace. One can easily establish his own business in fish related economies. The new species you bring can only contribute to the richness in variety the village has to offer. A living and working experience is possible in on of the house-work dwellings.

Follow the peaceful water tracings of koi from your apartment window

100m

500m

Village interconnectivity

Vibrant village dwelling

充满活力的乡村住宅

Housing + work unit ground level

Single apartment in regenerated village

Visit the peaceful ponds and learn all about traditional lotus farming techniques

Single apartment in regenerated village

Public pontoons and pedestrian bridges interrelate live on both side of the Xiao Tai Hou river

Experience new and traditional village living with your partner and enjoy the excellent quality of our carefully designed public spaces. Every village will provide you an unique experience, going from the discovery of specialized goods to the usage of high quality facilities along our leisure route.

生產網絡 Network of production

New facilities network. Training + trading + cultural linked by efficient mobility infrastructure.

Transformed & New villages. Refurbished and densified villages together with new typologies

Leisure + Landscape. Bike and pedestrian tracks are designed reinterpreting water bodies as carrying structure.

Existing villages. Villages between river and canal.

一流的交通网络 Entrepreneurial county in Taihu, a first class mobility network

CONTACT

SPACES

A N T W E R P - B E L G I U M

academic project - 1st year 1st semester urbanism master sept-dec 2011 | coordinating professor Laura Vescina

Project

CONTACT SPACES

Type of project ACADEMIC - EUROPEAN MASTER OF URBANISM Location LUCHTBAL NEIGHBOURHOOD, ANTWERP, BELGIUM Role and contribution GROUP PROJECT (RIAAN LOUW, HUYEN KHANH VU, THOMAS WILLEMSE) - CONTRIBUTION: CONCEPT, DRAFTING, PHOTOSHOP.

PROJECT DESCRIPTION Surrounded by large scale infrastructure Luchtbal is today perceived as an isolated strip, cut-off from the city and neighbouring villages. Our project focuses on two particular areas that have the potential to unlock this situation of isolation unfolding new potentials for the site. “Contact spaces” proposes two strategic interventions north –in the nature reserve Oude Landen- and south –the area in contact with the canal. Both areas claim a particular position as part of a regional landscape. The canal at Luchtbal marks the transition from the Albertkanaal-highway system to the port of Antwerp. And the area at ‘Oude Landen’ is part of the remaining natural landscape of the ‘Kempen’, running in parallel to the canal and cut off from the Scheldt by the man-made port landscape. The project investigates the development capacity of this opposite but complementary sites (expanding nature, increasing density), through the insertion of new programs and spatial qualities and carefully working local connections.

Antwerp - site location

Luchtbal

2km

10km

200m

1000m

Green

Oude Landen - Floodable and green areas

Floodable areas

Opportunities

Fixed spaces

Park - canal

REGIONAL SCALE CANAL-HIGHWAY SYSTEM The canal-highway system running from Liège until Antwerp also relates to the urban landscape at Luchtbal. This meeting of urban and regional system creates a typical condition of convergence and a higher frequency of different activities along the canal. City contacts in Herentals, Hasselt and Liège show this higher frequency of industrial, commercial, recreational, etc. functions in contact with the canal.

antwerpen

0 1 _ .3 2

HERENTALS 0 _ 7 .1 2

hasselt

genk

maastricht

Liège

CASTLE

CAMPUS

FLOODABLE PARK

THE TWO FOCUS AREAS: Oude-Landen natural reserve in the North and the canal front area in the South, together with the proposed functions.

SPORTS/RECREATION

SOCIAL HOUSING HOUSING HIGH PARK

POLDER

HAVANNA

LEISURE TRANSFERIUM EVENT PEDESTRIAN CROSSING

BUSINESS

RECREATION

CITY SCALE - CANAL FRONT

Proposed event area

In Antwerp we can find a similar range of different patches, as at a regional scale, which can be reinforced to inscribe our proposal into the larger scale system, but also to function as connectors of city quarters at both sides of the canal. The canal brings unity to this range of patches as a continuous space passing through the different atmospheres â&#x20AC;&#x201C; event, leisure, business, transferium, pedestrian crossing and recreation.

Proposed recreation area

Proposed cross-section of the canal front

LEISURE

TRANSFERIUM

PEDESTRIAN CROSSING

EVENT

BUSSINESS

Proposed functions on the canal front area.

RECREATION

CITY SCALE - PUBLIC GREEN AREA

Proposed floodable park

The large nature reserve north of Luchtbal has the potential to become a public green area on a metropolitan scale, similar to ‘Rivierenhof’ and ‘Middelheimpark. It can be expanded as an extra large park defined by a sequence of different patches including the reserve, agricultural areas and housing districts, where nature is a dominant element. The micro-topography of this landscape shows a series of higher and lower patches, defining dry and wet areas. This condition generates particular landscapes – a higher social housing area, a low natural flooding area, a high grassland, a low polder landscape, sports and recreational fields, a higher residential strip and a lower campus. All of these can be reinforced and connected to form a permeable network of pathways joining the elements to create one extra large park. At crucial locations in this network new platforms and functions are added. The Havana site is re-functionalized as the main gate, definitely anchoring the park to the Luchtbal area.

Proposed high park

ROUTES

Proposed cross-section of Oude-Landen

WATER

STRUCTURAL GREEN

FUNCTIONS

Proposal plan for Oude-Landen

RESIDENCE

TA R G O V I S T E - R O M A N I A personal project - under construction 2008 | with RYV PROIECT office

Project

L RESIDENCE

Type of project PERSONAL - UNDER CONSTRUCTION DESIGNED WHILE WITH RYV PROIECT Location TARGOVISTE, ROMANIA

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Targoviste - site location

500m

2500m

The site - project location

50m

250m

The project has been very demanding since the beginning, requiring full attention in all stages of the development. It was born as a compromise, a negotiation, between the clientsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; different requirements but also between their desires and practicality. I have been supervising the whole building process which has been going on since 2008.

CONCEPT The idea behind the project was first of all to create a building that offers the inhabitants the possibility to get in touch with nature. The relationship between the inside and outside is very strong, created through large openings but also through clearly directing them so that they relate to specific natural elements. The house was also meant as a statement. Its surrounding environment is specific to the Romanian built tissue but lacks quality. So its design was meant to stand out and maybe give an example of change that some may follow.

THE PROJECT

Ground floor plan

Photo of the entrance area - under construction

First floor plan

Photo of the front facade - under construction

Photo of the back terrace - under construction

Cross-section 1

Photo of the back terrace - under construction

Photo of the first floor terrace - under construction

Photo 1st floor terrace - under construction

Cross-section 2

Photo 1st floor terrace - under construction

Detail of the back facade - u. c.

Photo of the 1st floor interior - under construction

Detail of the back terrace - u. c.

Photo of the entrance area - under construction

Photo of the back terrace - u. c. Longitudinal section

Photo of the back facade - under construction

Photo of the entrance area - under construction

Photo of the staircase - under construction

Photo of front facade - under construction

C MEDICAL PRACTICE

T A R G O V I S T E - R O M A N I A personal

project

BUILT

2007

Project

C MEDICAL PRACTICE Type of project PERSONAL - BUILT IN 2007 Location TARGOVISTE, ROMANIA

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Targoviste - site location

500m

2500m

This project is actually a renovation of an existing house situated in a protected area. It neighbours historic houses but the built tissue itself has historical and architectural value. Since the building houses a medical practice it had to be done with great haste, so it only took five months to design and build everything. Apart from the requirements of the Patrimony Committee, that regulates design criteria for the protected areas, the medical requirements were also a great challenge.

THE PROJECT The original house that only had three rooms was consolidated and reconfigured to connect to an extension that stretched to the back of the plot. The new building could not have more than two stories and had to pose no threat to the aesthetics of the area so I opted for a very simple design and a terraced roof that does not stand out and can easily be extended if desired. The site - project location

20m

100m

Connecting element between the new and old building

View from the access street

Detail 1

Detail 2

View towards the street - detail

View towards the street

View from the access street

CUMPANA MONASTERY

C U M PA N A , C O N S TA N TA - R O M A N I A

academic project - 6th year 1st and 2nd semesters april-july 2010 | professor Florin Biciusca

Project

CUMPANA MONASTERY

Type of project ACADEMIC - THESYS PROJECT Location CUMPANA, CONSTANTA COUNTY, ROMANIA Role and contribution INDIVIDUAL PROJECT - FULL DEVELOPMENT

PROJECT DESCRIPTION The Romanian Orthodox Church wants to build a martyrion monastery dedicated to the victims at the Danube-Black Sea Canal. The reason this is needed lays in the violent nature in which those victims lost their lives, not before enduring unimaginable sufferings. The Canal was used as a means of eliminating political adversaries . It is thus considered that a simple monument is not enough to honour the memory of these martyrs, as they are considered, they need constant memorials by people worthy of performing this task. It is thought that a monastery suits this need best through its intense and continuous spiritual life.

1km

5km

1km

Short site analysis The site that was given to the Church is under the administration of Cumpana commune. Cumpana is situated at 5 km from the city of Constanta and also 5 km from Agigea Locks, where the Danube flows into the sea. Due to the construction of the Canal, all the roads that connected Cumpana to other cities or villages are now disrupted. Also large quantities of earth were excavated and deposited just outside of Cumpana.This formed large artificial hills. The site is located on top of one of these hills outside the settlement.

3km

CONCEPT Based on studies and taking into account the specific and standard needs of the project, I ended up with six groups of functions: the welcoming court ; the management court ; the church court ; the work court ; the museum/monument area ; the external work area

Concept scheme The sketch shows the functional and spatial relationship between the spaces. The courts are connected through a series of porticoes. There are two main volumes that have a square shaped plan (the square symbolizes the earth in orthodox belief), each of them represents one of the components of monastic life: spiritual life and the community life. Where the two intersect is exactly where the functions specific to the two components of their life meet.

Use of space (inhabitants|visitors) The project was designed so that it can be used by the inhabitants and the visitors without any inconveniences: -Through the eyes of the inhabitants there are the four courtyards in which their everyday life takes place (see concept scheme) -The visitors have their own path they can follow without disturbing the monastic life and also specially designed places where they can interact with the monks. Visitorsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; possible path:

1.Entry court: controlled access and information

2.Monument: placed in the visitor welcoming court, it informs and directs towards next point

3.Central distribution node: directs towards the three points of interest

4.Belvedere tower: views of canal filtered by the churchesâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; presence and 360o views of the surroundings

5.Church

6.Meditation belvedere: views over the canal filtered by the presence of the cemetery

THE MONASTERY

Site plan

Section A-A

10m

50m

Ground floor plan

25m

Section B-B

1st floor plan

25m

Visitor welcoming court perspective

Northern facade

Church court perspective

25m

Southern facade

25m

Management court perspective

Western facade

Work court perspective

25m

Eastern facade

25m

Detailed section

50cm

250 cm

Detailed plan

50cm

250 cm

Detail no.2

10cm

50cm

Detail no.1

10cm

50cm

Facade cross-section

50cm

150cm

THE CHURCH St. Andrew Church-I chose Saint Andrew as the patron of this church as it was him who Christianised these lands. Because of this the church is oriented towards the point where the sun rises on the 30th of November. I chose the classical, cross-like plan, because it is specific to this region. The frescoes have Moldavian influences.

Church scheme 1.Classical plan 2.Curved wall - contrasting the monastery walls and giving the church presence 3.Edged tower, contrasting church curved shapes 4.Decorative layer - gives the church presence and marks its importance

Church interior and exterior perspectives

R E | M E R G E P

academic project - 5th year 2nd semester may 2010 | coordinating professor Mihai Opreanu

Project

RE|MERGE

Type of project ACADEMIC - 3RD PRIZE AT ISOVER STUDENTâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;S COMPETITION - NATIONAL PHASE Location PARIS, FRANCE Role and contribution GROUP PROJECT (COSMIN GRAGOMIR, OCTAVIAN EREMIA) - CONTRIBUTION: CONCEPT, DETAILS, CALCULATIONS, DRAFTING, PHOTOSHOP, COORDINATION

PROJECT DESCRIPTION The subject of the competition was the creative approach to the concept of energy efficient constructions at the passive-house level on existing buildings. The aim was to redesign an existing post industrial building, an old warehouse in Paris, according to ISOVER Multi-Comfort-House definition and with passive house components. The building had to be redesigned through renovating and revitalising it but it also had to give a new impulse in the existing urban area.

Current condition - pictures showing the current condition of the building and its surroundings

Paris - site location

The site - building location

1km

50m

5km

150m

CONCEPT A platform for creative sharing and urban reinvention We proposed to create this platform using the RE|MERGE concept which we defined as using the rehabilitation of the building to reconvert it and to regenerate the whole area by bringing together multiple elements. For us it meant achieving urban regeneration through a multidisciplinary approach to culture. This would be achieved by transforming the old warehouse into a contemporary creation centre for all kind of artists that would benefit from the multidisciplinary collaboration. The centre would give a new life to the building and also attract people, both artists and visitors, which would help regenerate the area.

PROPOSAL

Proposal visualisation

ARCHITECTURAL SCHEME

+ 1. Keep original bearing structure and one or more existing facade elements to acknowledge historical and collective values

2. Re-use and enhance existing cantilevered slabs for shading , heating , ventilation and lighting

+ 3. Upgrade existing chimney to acknowledge the structure as a town landmark and for signalling

4. Create , distrort and unite space by manipulating the slab as a continous shell

FUNCTIONAL SCHEME a mixed use building - a living,changing space for creative processes ,participatory artistic training and dialogue between the arts - in order to specialize and regenerate the urban condition . a multidisciplinary approach to culture by connecting performing arts , visual arts , design , architecture , fashion, and cinema under the same roof

SUSTAINABLE SCHEME This was an important aspect of the project which was integrated in the development of any other scheme or concept used. It can be summed up though by the following keywords:

URBAN REGENERATION

Urban reinvention in 5 steps 1. facilitate acces to remote floors { direct escalator to auditorium } 2. open acces to general public { a â&#x20AC;&#x153;red carpetâ&#x20AC;? conecting the outside to the inside } 3 . a living , dynamic and creative program { contemporary creative center} 4. create a community landmark { lighthouse and town signaling } 5. insert urban art { large scale urban art and instalations }

BUILDING PERFORMANCE

Calculations Buildingsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; specific heat requirements and energy consumption

Calculations Buildingsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; acoustic performance

PLANS AND DETAILS

Ground floor plan

1st floor plan

4th floor plan

2nd floor plan

5th floor plan

Building plans

3rd floor plan

25m

Building section

Detail no.3 Detail no.1

10cm

50cm

Detail no.2

10cm

50cm

10cm

50cm

Detail no.4

10cm

50cm

250cm

Facade cross-section

ISOVER BUILDING

B U C H A R E S T - R O M A N I A

academic project - 4th year 2nd semester may 2009 | coordinating professor Mihai Opreanu

Project

ISOVER OFFICE BUILDING

Type of project ACADEMIC - 2ND PRIZE AT ISOVER STUDENT’S COMPETITION - NATIONAL PHASE Location BUCHAREST, ROMANIA Role and contribution GROUP PROJECT (COSMIN GRAGOMIR, OCTAVIAN EREMIA) - CONTRIBUTION: CONCEPT, DETAILS, CALCULATIONS, DRAFTING, PHOTOSHOP, COORDINATION

PROJECT DESCRIPTION The subject of the competition was the creative approach to the concept of energy efficient constructions based on the passive house standard. The aim was to design an office building for ISOVER. Nothing more was mentioned so we could propose anything as long as it would be representative for the company’s attitude towards sustainability and towards the quality of the environment.

Bucharest - site location

2km

10km

Choice motivation We decided to locate the office building in a business park in Bucharest. The specific site was chosen due to the opportunities it offers. The proximity to Dambovita river and Morii lake can facilitate obtaining proper climatic conditions. Also the green area neighbouring the site can also help, in this sense providing shade and fresh air and improving environment conditions. Good orientation of the site can also help reduce energy consumption during the cold season Being placed in a business park provides easy access and all the necessary facilities. The site - project location

100m

300m

APPROACH Our approach was to create - first a shape - a structure that can resolve the need for shading and natural ventilation then to create a micro climate inside, with controlled air quality and ventilation. The shape is quite basic, which was desired in order to obtain a compact building. This would make it easier to then control the climate using different passive house concepts.

Site plan

Panorama of proposed building

CONCEPTS

Shading On the south facade the concrete slabs play a role due to their large cantilevers whereas on the east and west facade, vertical stainless steel panels provide the shading requirements. Facade air chimneys ETFE is used to create air chimneys on the facade for natural ventilation during summer. During winter the air is heated behind the ETFE by the sun and creates a warm air layer to insulate the building. Atrium Inner courtyards also contribute to the natural ventilation system (atrium). The building is equipped with solar panels for heating and rainwater harvesting systems for watering inside gardens and as heating agent.

CALCULATIONS

Specific heat requirements

Annual shading analysis

Acoustic performance

Fire performance values

THE RESULT

Exterior perspective

Interior perspective

Ground floor plan

10m

1st floor plan

10m

2nd floor plan

10m

Cross-section of the eastern facade

100

50cm

200cm

Exterior perspective

B-B Section

A-A Section

Cross-section of the southern facade

102

50cm

200cm

Detail 1

10cm

50cm

Detail 2

10cm

50cm

Detail 3

10cm

50cm

Detail 4

10cm

50cm

104

I D E N T I T Y

B U C H A R E S T - R O M A N I A

academic june-july

project 2008 |

4th year 2nd professor Florin

semester Biciusca

Project

IDENTITY Type of project

ACADEMIC - NOMINATION AT ]present[ INTERNATIONAL STUDENT’S COMPETITION Location BUCHAREST, ROMANIA Role and contribution INDIVIDUAL PROJECT - FULL DEVELOPMENT

Historic centre of Bucharest

50m

Typical residential neighbourhood - 1970’s

200m

PROJECT DESCRIPTION For this competition, it was required that we identify a problem in today’s society that architecture faces and try to fix it. I chose to address the lack of identity in the large residential neighbourhoods developed in Bucharest and other Romanian cities during the communist period. These form the majority of residential areas in Romanian cities, especially in Bucharest. It is a known fact that these areas are unpleasant to live in and also create a sense of alienation. After studying the traditional way of living in Bucharest I discovered that identity was given through people’s houses and their environment. These expressed their personality and their social status, they gave a sense of hierarchy. Communist blocks of flats express neither personality nor social hierarchy. That is why I proposed to enable people to express their personality and status.

Plan reading Houses in the built tissue specific to the traditional way of living, as in the historic centre, adapt to location and their environment stressing a privileged position and expressing the owner’s preferences. In the large residential neighbourhoods the blocks of flats share a common plan and are repeated showing no differentiation in living conditions and expressing nothing specific to their inhabitants and their desires.

106

100m

300m

Buildings in the historic centre These two examples show how a corner block of flats along Dambovita river sets itself as landmark for the area compared to a normal single family house within the built fabric.

Blocks of flats in a residential neighbourhood A block placed in the heart of the residential area (left) shows no significant difference from one along a main boulevard (right). The housing units themselves are standard and provide the same living conditions to every person living here.

CONCEPT I propose personalising every apartment by extending or redesigning them according to each individualâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s personality and taste. This would gradually create a sense of belonging and change the whole built environment. I named this intervention an â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Individualised personality and social hierarchy kitâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;.

+ Neighbourhood that lacks identity and personality

Block of flats - dwelling that does not express personality and social hierarchy

= Individualised personality and social hierarchy KIT

Personalised block of flats

CREATING IDENTITY The lack of identity was addressed by * expressing social hierarchy through the type and size of the intervention on an apartment ** expressing peopleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s personality through the way they design and maintain the intervention

= The kit may take the form of

Extending the apartment

Perspectives showing the final phase of a blockâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s possible evolution

108

Simple facade finishing (painting, plaster, boarding)

Joining and/or retracting spaces

Personality expresses on the exterior

Existing block of flats Plan and section of an existing building from a large residential neighbourhood

Personalised block of flats Possible section of a personalised building

Typical apartment - existing situation

Typical apartment plan - existing situation

1.Possible intervention - personalised dwelling

1.Possible intervention - personalised dwelling plan

110

2.Possible intervention - personalised dwelling

3.Possible intervention - personalised dwelling

2.Possible intervention - personalised dwelling plan

3.Possible intervention - personalised dwelling plan

4.Possible intervention - personalised dwelling

4.Possible intervention - personalised dwelling plan

5.Possible intervention - personalised dwelling

5.Possible intervention - personalised dwelling plan

112

Strip view of one of a block’s possible facade

Perspectives showing the phases of a block’s possible evolution

114

THANK YOU FOR YOUR CONSIDERATION!

Lambrache Calin Gabriel Aleea Compozitorilor no.2, Bl.Z38, Ap.38, Bucharest, Romania lambrachecalin@yahoo.com +40723053465