english-for-today-model-question by Atiq Isamee

Written According to The New HSC Syllabus for The Studunts of Classes XI-XII

Cambrian Learners' Communicative English

Model Questions (FIRST PAPER)

Written, Compiled and Edited by

Department of English

Cambrian Publications, Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka, 9891919,01720557160/170

Cambrian Publications Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2 Dhaka, 9891919, 01720557160/170

1st Publication : August 2008 2nd Edition : July 2009 3rd Edition : July 2010 4th Edition : July 2011 3

Government of the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh

Md. Imam Hossain

(Only for the students of Cambrian College)

Message from the publisher Cambrian College has established its own position not only in teaching but in education research, creative publications and publishing helping books also. Its target is to achieve the utmost success and ensure higher education for students along with their acquisition of knowledge. That is why the meritorious and experienced teachers of Cambrian College are using their dynamic ability to write or prepare textbooks or helping books for the students. The teachers of the department of English of Cambrian College have this “Cambrian Learners’ Communicative English” for the students of HSC level as their English 1st Paper helping book. We suppose, this book will help the students of HSC level to get themselves prepared well for public examination. The book has been published for the learners of Cambrian College and will be distributed among them free of cost. However, the copyright of this book is preserved by Cambrian Publication. An audio CD is also issued along with it to help the students. In this regard, we expect comments and advice from the teachers and the learners even. Last but not the least, my cordial thanks for the writers of this book. I hope their success as well as an influential new era of Cambrian Publication.

Ln. M.K. Bashar PMJF Publisher July, 2013 Plot #22 Gulshan # 2, Dhaka Cambrian Publications

Dedicated To Honourable Chairman, Vice Chairman And Our Parents

 Introduction: It is a great pleasure that we have with the mercy of the Almighty been able to publish this book. The book, we think, will be very helpful to the students and teachers to provide them with reading materials necessary to solve the problems related to their course of English 1st paper as well as to improve their skill in English language. Here we have tried to enclose added materials to the items of questions that characteristically deserve scope. In addition, this book corresponds to all the guidelines of T.G. book to the necessary extent. Despite our whole hearted efforts there may be some unexpected mistakes. If we are informed, we will cordially welcome and try to correct them. In addition, we invite any sort of suggestion in favour of the improvement and elevation of the book. We owe a great deal to our honorable Chairman for his great inspiration, valuable suggestion and providing us with necessary logistic supports that have greatly contributed to the coming of the book in existence.

Department of English Cambrian College, Dhaka.

Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Notes for Teachers/Questions Setters/Markers

* The sample question for Paper 1 provided in the TG should be treated as model. The aim is to provide guidelines for setting question paper and marking answer scripts in accordance with the syllabus shown in the HSC prescribed book. They will also help teachers to understand the nature of the exercise and tasks set in the book. * The sample questions given here should NOT be reproduced in school finals and Board examinations. PAPER—1 A. READING TEST (40 marks) Comprehension of a given passage is tested in a variety of ways. The questions are equally divided between (a) objective and (b) more free/open questions. Eleven test items or tasks have been listed in the syllabus to test comprehension. Four items each from the two sections are chosen to cover 2O+20 marks (each item has 5 questions of I mark each). Teachers /setters can choose from other items too as suggested in the syllabus. It needs to be clearly understood that setters have to maintain a certain level of linguistic difficulty for the HSC class. Test items like multiple choice, true/false, gapfilling, etc. may be used at very elementary levels too. Substitution tables particularly tend to be very easy if care is not taken to uphold the level of difficulty. Therefore setters need to be careful that they are providing enough complexity in the grammar as well as in the content so as to test students’ ability to understand rather than their ability to copy sections. Seen Comprehension The text/passage will be chosen from the textbook (hence, ‘seen’). You may use one, two or more texts for this. The following test items have been used in the sample paper (there are other items in the syllabus too): 1. Multiple choices While preparing MCQs, care should be taken so that there is only one correct answer and the right one should not be obvious. If a student misspells a word while copying from the question paper, no marks should be deducted for this. Students will write only the answer, like this: a. difficult b. remain 2. True/False It is not necessary that teachers/setters should follow the ratio of true to false items rigidly. 3. Filling in gaps with clues An extended text based on the theme of given passage should be prepared by teachers/setters i.e. the passage should be developed in such a way that it is related to the given passage. Clues are provided in the form of words. Sometimes it may be a grammatical exercise (as given in the sample). It may also be a vocabulary Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

III

6 7

filling exercise (as in No. 9) In this case, more words than the number of gaps should be given. Students will write only the words needed in the gaps, like this: a. spent b. leads to Information Transfer The text for this task is again based on the seen passage. This task asks students to present information given in the passage in a different format. Sometimes, the information is not given directly but is implied in the passage. A good, reader should be able to understand this and be able to extract the information accordingly. For example in the sample question, students are asked to make a list from the ideas contained in the passage. Similarly, the information may be transferred into columns, a table, a chart, a flow, chart, a notice, a poster, a set of instructions, even a picture (see Unit 17, Lesson 7, Task B, no 3). A dialogue could be written from a description of an episode / incident involving some people and vice versa. The important thing is that the information has to be extracted correctly from the given passage and written in the format that the question demands. The following tasks may also be given: Matching Phrases / Substitution Tables Both these items are similar in format and function. Students are asked to match phrases given in different columns. Try to have three columns instead of two ‘with phrases in each and students will choose a phrase from each of the three columns to complete a sentence. There should be more phrases than are necessary in the second and third columns (See Part C No 11) Students are expected to write out the full sentences. Minor spelling mistakes in copying down from the question should not be punished if the answer is correct. After all the objective is to test reading comprehension, not writing Open-ended questions Each question may be answered in brief, in a single sentence. Teachers need to encourage students to write answers to the point as each question carries 1 mark only. While setting questions, it should be kept in mind that an answer to a question for I mark should not usually demand more than one or two sentences. Filling in gaps without clues As in 3 above but this time no words are provided. Students will work out the words from their reading of the passage Summarising Although summarising has been suggested in the syllabus as having 5 questions carrying one mark each (5 x 1). Summarising has to be treated as a holistic (whole) item. Ask students to write a summary of part of the theme in the passage in 50-60 words or in about five/six sentences. It is important that the marker assesses the content rather than the number of sentences produced. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

If a summary of the whole passage is set, the length of the answer should be about 1/3 of the given text. The main ideas will include only the most important information/ideas in the passage. Supporting details like examples, explanations comparing and contrasting, need to be left out. 8 Re-writing in a different form This task is basically the same as Information Transfer (No.3 above). Here students will infer the information from the given text and present it in a flow chart. Teachers need to understand that flow chart information has to be given in note-form i. e. in short phrase. Sentences are shortened by eliminating articles and auxiliary verbs e. g. “Ten people were killed in the bus accident” is written as “Ten people killed in bus accident” just like a newspaper headline. There are plenty of note-making tasks in the book. B. VOCABULARY TEST (20 marks) 9. Cloze passage with clues The text/passage chosen for filling in the gaps should approximate the textbook materials in terms of ‘thematic and linguistic difficulties. More words than the number of gaps should be given. 10. Cloze passage without clues As in 9 above. There may be more than one word for a gap. Probable answers should be accepted. C. WRITING TEST (40 marks) 11. Substitution table(s). It is recommended that the sentences should make a cohesive paragraph. However full marks should• be given if all the sentences are correctly formed from the choices given in the columns even though the sequence is not maintained. A variation on this item would be to ask students to form questions from answers supplied or to complete a dialogue where some questions and some answers are supplied and some are missing. Students provide the missing bits. As this is a ‘writing test, spelling and punctuation errors need to be penalized. 12. Re-ordering / re-arranging sentences Students will write only the number of the sentence and not the whole sentence. If the sequence is broken with any sentence or sentences, marks should be deducted for that sentence or sentences only. Marks should be given to all other sentences arranged sequentially. Sentences not arranged sequentially will not be given any mark. 13. Answering questions in a paragraph Any topic relating to a student’s own experience e.g. a journey, a visit to a place, the first day in a new school/college, meeting a stranger, an unusual event, family festivity, a cultural/religious celebration, a college function (sports, cultural) etc. could be chosen. Look at the exercises in the textbook for further situations. The questions are specifically framed to provide real-life, communicative contexts (i.e. the student’s personal relationship with the theme/topic).

Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Syllabus ENGLISH PAPER-1

Seen Comprehension There will be a seen comprehension passage followed by a choice of questions. The comprehension questions should be equally divided between objectives and more free/open. Comprehension question types should include the following: (a) Objective: (i) Multiple choice; (ii) true/false, (iv) information transfer (iii) Filling in gaps with clues, (v) Making sentences from substitution table(s), (vi) Matching phrases/pictures, etc. Note: Questions will be set on any four of the above types (objective) every year. Each type will carry 5 marks (5×4=20). There will be 5 questions carrying 1 mark each (i.e. 1×5=5) in one type. (b) More free: (vii) Open-ended, (viii) Filling in gaps without clues, (ix) Summarising, (x) Making notes, and (xi) Re-writing in a deferent form. Note: Questions will be set on any four of the above types every year. There will be 5 questions carrying 1 mark each (i.e. 1×5=5) in one type. All the questions should test the students’ ability to understand the passage as a whole, rather than their ability to copy sections from it. Although the seen comprehension passage will be taken from a set textbook, it will not encourage memorisation, because (i) the passage will be reproduced on the question paper and (ii) the questions will not come form the textbook, but rather, will be new. Vocabulary: There will be question on vocabulary contextualized in the form of cloze passages with clues, and cloze passages without clues. In order to provide more communicative context, the topics should be related to those already encountered by the students in seen and unseen comprehension. Writing: Guided There will be a number of writing tasks. The following types of exercises should be given: (i) producing sentences form substitution tables (ii) reordering sentences, and (iii) answering questions in a paragraph. Note: There will be no alternative questions in all the three types. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Syllabus 1. Seen comprehension: (a) Objective questions: 1. Multiple Choice 2. True/False 3. Filling in gaps with clues 4. Information transfer The following tasks may also be given: * Substitution tables * Matching Phrases (b) More free/open questions: 5. Open-ended questions 6. Filling in gaps without clues 7. Summarising 8. Re-writing in a different form The following tasks may also be given: * Making notes

40 Marks 1×5=5 1×5=5 1×5=5 1×5=5 1×5=5 1×5=5 1×5=5 1×5=5 1×5=5 1×5=5 1×5=5

2. Part B: Vocabulary 9. Cloze test (filling in blanks) with clues 10. Cloze test (filling in blanks) without clues

(20 marks) 1 × 10 = 10 1 × 10 = 10

3. Part C: Guided writing 11. Producing sentences from substitution table 12. Re-ordering sentences 13. Answering questions to make a paragraph

(40 marks) 2 × 6 = 12 1 × 14 = 14 14

Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

 CONTENTS   Introduction.................................................................................................  Notes for Teachers/Questions setters/ Markers........................................  Syllabus.........................................................................................................  Marks distribution

 BASIC GRAMMAR

Page

1-63

1. Sentence..................................................................................................... 2. Parts of Speech.......................................................................................... 3. Article........................................................................................................ 4. Verb .......................................................................................................... 5. Preposition................................................................................................. 6. Number...................................................................................................... 7. Tense ......................................................................................................... 8. Subject-Verb Agreement.......................................................................... 9. Use of the right forms of the verbs........................................................... 10. Voice........................................................................................................ 11. Narration..................................................................................................

 MODEL QUESTIONS Sl No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17

Model Questions Model Question-1 Model Question-2 Model Question-3 Model Question-4 Model Question-5 Model Question-6 Model Question-7 Model Question-8 Model Question-9 Model Question-10 Model Question-11 Model Question-12 Model Question-13 Model Question-14 Model Question-15 Model Question-16 Model Question-17

I II IV V

2 6 13 22 26 33 34 44 48 52 60

53-207 Source of Passage-1 (Ques. 1-4) Unit-1, Lesson-1 Unit-1, Lesson-1 Unit-1, Lesson-2 Unit-1, Lesson-3 Unit-1, Lesson-3 Unit-1, Lesson-5 Unit-3, Lesson-1 Unit-3, Lesson-2 Unit-3, Lesson-3 Unit-4, Lesson-1 Unit-5, Lesson-3 Unit-5, Lesson-5 Unit-5, Lesson-6 Unit-6, Lesson-2 Unit-6, Lesson-2 Unit-6, Lesson-3 Unit-6, Lesson-4 

Source of Passage-2 (Ques. 5-8) Unit-1, Lesson-1 Unit-1, Lesson-1 Unit-1, Lesson-3 Unit-1, Lesson-2 Unit-1, Lesson-5 Unit-1, Lesson-3 Unit-3, Lesson-2 Unit-3, Lesson-1 Unit-4, Lesson-1 Unit-3, Lesson-3 Unit-5, Lesson-5 Unit-5, Lesson-3 Unit-6, Lesson-3 Unit-5, Lesson-6 Unit-6, Lesson- 2 Unit-6, Lesson-1

Page 65 68 71 76 79 83 89 93 97 101 106 108 112 116 119 122 125

Sl No.

Model Questions

Source of Passage-1 (Ques. 1-4)

Source of Passage-2 (Ques. 5-8)

Page

Model Question-18

Unit-6, Lesson-5

128

Model Question-19

Unit-6, Lesson-7

130

Model Question-20

Unit-7, Lesson-2

132

Model Question-21

Unit-7, Lesson-5

Unit-8, Lesson-3

135

Model Question-22

Unit-8, Lesson-3

Unit- 7, Lesson-5

138

Model Question-23

Unit-9, Lesson-1

Unit-9, Lesson-3

141

Model Question-24

Unit-9, Lesson-3

Unit-9, Lesson-1

144

Model Question-25

Unit-10, Lesson-1

Unit-10, Lesson-4

146

Model Question-26

Unit-10, Lesson-4

Unit-10, Lesson-1

149

Model Question-27

Unit-11, Lesson-1

Unit-11, Lesson-7

152

Model Question-28

Unit-11, Lesson-7

Unit-11, Lesson-1

155

Model Question-29

Unit-12, Lesson-1

Unit-12, Lesson-3

157

Model Question-30

Unit-12, Lesson-3

Unit-12, Lesson-1

160

Model Question-31

Unit-12, Lesson-4

163

Model Question-32

Unit-13, Lesson-3

166

Model Question-33

Unit-13, Lesson-3

Unit-13, Lesson-6

170

Model Question-34

Unit-13, Lesson-6

Unit-13, Lesson-3

173

Model Question-35

Unit-14, Lesson-1

Unit-14, Lesson-3

177

Model Question-36

Unit-14, Lesson-3

Unit-14, Lesson-1

180

Model Question-37

Unit-16, Lesson-1

Unit-16, Lesson-3

184

Model Question-38

Unit-16, Lesson-3

Unit-16, Lesson-1

188

Model Question-39

Unit-15, Lesson-2

Unit-15, Lesson-3

191

Model Question-40

Unit-15, Lesson-3

Unit-15, Lesson-2

195

Model Question-41

Unit-15, Lesson-6

Model Question-42

Unit-17, Lesson-5

Unit-17, Lesson-6

202

Model Question-43

Unit-17, Lesson-6

Unit-17, Lesson-5

206

Model Question-44

Unit-18, Lesson-2

Unit-18, Lesson-4

211

Model Question-45

Unit-18, Lesson-4

Unit-18, Lesson-2+3

216

Model Question-46

Unit-18, Lesson-5

Model Question-47

Unit-20, Lesson-2

Unit-20, Lesson-3

222

Model Question-48

Unit-20, Lesson-3

Unit-20, Lesson-2

227

Model Question-49

Unit-20, Lesson-4

Unit-21, Lesson-2

231

Model Question-50

Unit-21, Lesson-2

Unit-20, Lesson-4

235

Model Question-51

Unit-21, Lesson-3

Model Question-52

Unit-21, Lesson-4 

199

220

239 Unit-21, Lesson-1

241

Model Questions

Source of Passage-1 (Ques. 1-4)

Source of Passage-2 (Ques. 5-8)

Page

Model Question-53

Unit-21, Lesson-1

Unit-21, Lesson-4

244

Model Question-54

Unit-21, Lesson-5

Unit-21, Lesson-6

247

Model Question-55

Unit-21, Lesson-6

Unit-21, Lesson-5

250

Model Question-56

Unit-22, Lesson-2

252

Model Question-57

Unit-22, Lesson-4

256

Model Question-58

Unit-23, Lesson-1

Unit-23, Lesson-2

257

Model Question-59

Unit-23, Lesson-2

Unit-23, Lesson-1

261

Model Question-60

Unit-23, Lesson-3

Unit-24, Lesson-4

265

Model Question-61

Unit-24, Lesson-4

Unit-23, Lesson-3

270

PART-B (VOCABULARY)  Cloze Test with Clues  Cloze Test without Clues PART-C (GUIDED WRITING)  Substitution Table  Re-ordering of Sentences TEXTUAL VOCABULARY  Unit based necessary vocabulary  Interchange of Textual Parts of Speech  PARAGRAPH Sl. No.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Title

274-308 309-333

334-371 372-407 408-462 463-491 Page 493 493 494 494 495 495 496 497 497

Drug Addiction Stephen Hawking Cultural Assault A Birthday Party Women in Development A Mobile Phone A Visit to a Computer Fair Grameen Bank Study Tour



Sl. No.

10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47

Title International Mother Language Day Birds of Bangladesh A Trade Fair International Day of Elderly May Day Necessity of Education Necessity of Entertainment Merits and Demerits of Satellite Channels Natural Calamities of Bangladesh Necessity of Maintaining Ecological Balance Nuclear Family Rights of Women The Shaheed Minar Rights of Children Cultural Tradition of Bangladesh Necessity of Sports The Contribution of Women in a Country Globalization Dowry System The Great Wall of China A Place of Historical Interest The Sangsad Bhaban The Jamuna Bridge The Taj Mahal A Book Fair A Winter Morning Fax Gender Discrimination The Changing Role of Women in our Society Food Habits of Different People Rabindranath Tagore E-Mail Transportation System in Bangladesh Global Warming Your Favourite Game Caretaker Government A Rainy Day My First Day at College 

Page 498 499 500 500 501 502 502 503 504 504 505 506 507 507 508 508 509 509 510 511 511 512 513 513 514 514 515 515 516 517 517 518 519 519 520 520 521 522

Sl. No.

48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76

Title

Pahela Baishakh Air Pollution Self Employment Water Pollution Poverty Alleviation In Bangladesh Cyber Cafe Social Value The Necessity of Learning English Environment Pollution Personality Environment Greenhouse Effect Deforestation Dangers of Smoking A Journey by Train Load Shedding Childhood Memories College Canteen Traffic Jam My Neighbour A Village Fair A Day Labourer Necessity of Education Satellite TV Channels Globalization Leisure/Pastime My Family Your Favourite Person Introduction of Bangladesh

Page 523 523 524 525 525 526 527 528 528 529 529 530 530 531 531 532 532 533 534 534 535 535 536 537 537 538 539 540 540

 Board Questions (2003-2012)  All Board Questions-2012

543-571

 All Board Questions-2011

572-600 

 All Board Questions-2010

600-628

 All Board Questions-2009

629-656

 All Board Questions-2008

656-680

 All Board Questions-2007

680-706

 All Board Questions-2006

706-732

 All Board Questions-2005

733-758

 All Board Questions-2004

758-782

 All Board Questions-2003

782-802



Basic Grammar

Unit-1

Sentence

Definition: Sentence n‡jv language Gi GKK hv GKwU word ev GKvwaK k„•Ljve× word Øviv •Zix, hv‡Z mPivPi GKwU subject I GKwU verb _v‡K, hvi sense I meaning Av‡Q Ges expression cÖKv‡k mÿg| myZivs, ms‡ÿ‡c Avgiv ej‡Z cvwi †h, word ev word ¸”Q hw` sense, meaning Ges expression mn GKwU language Gi unit wn‡m‡e KvR Ki‡Z cv‡i, Z‡e Zviv sentence wn‡m‡e Mb¨ n‡e| A word or a set of ordered words having sense, meaning and expression and acting as a unit of a language is called a sentence. ‡hgb t X : You can certainly learn through mistakes. Y : Really? X : Of course. GLv‡b X Ges Y Gi wZbwU expression B sentence wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i hwÌ †k‡li `ywU expressionG verb ‡bB Ges wØZxq expression wU gvÎ GKwU word MwVZ| Formation of a sentence: Traditional grammar Gi g‡Z sentence `ywU part wb‡q MwVZ: 1. Subject Ges 2. Predicate hvi m¤ú‡K© sentence G Avgiv wKQy ewj ev wjwL Zv n‡jv subject Ges subject wb‡q Avgiv hv ewj evw wjwL Zv n‡jv predicate. ‡hgb: I learn English for my examinations. GB Sentence G ‘I’ n‡jv subject Ges ‘learn English for my examinations n‡jv predicate. Modern communicative grammar G Avgiv sentence formation Gi mgq subject, verb phrase, object, complement, adverb, adverbial phrase Gi Aw¯ÍZ¡ ¯^xKvi Kwi| G‡ÿ‡Î Subject: A subject is a noun, noun phrase or pronoun representing the person or thing that performs the action of the verb. ‡hgb t He prefers to speak very little. GLv‡b ‘He’ n‡jv subject. Verb phrase: A verb phrase is a word or group of words that expresses an action, an event or a state. ‡hgb t It had gone on for years and years. GLv‡b ‘had gone on’ n‡jv GKwU verb phrase. GKwU Sentence G verb Gi ci object, complement, adverbial –Gi GKwU ev GKvwaK _vK‡Z cv‡i| Avgiv Rvwb Object: An object is a noun, noun phrase or a pronoun that refers to a person or thing that is affected by the action of the verb, or that the action is done to or for. †hgb t I always speak English with my friends. GLv‡b‘English with my friends’ n‡jv object. Complement: A complement is a word or phrase, especially an adjective or a noun, which is used after linking verb. ‡hgb t Education is a process. GLv‡b ‘is’ n‡jv linking verb, myZivs ‘a process’ n‡jv complement. ‘Be’ verb QvovI appear, become, seem, sound, look, taste, turn BZ¨vwÌ linking verb wn‡m‡e eëüZ nq| Adverbial: An adverbial is a word or a phrase that adds more information about place, time, manner, cause or degree to a verb, an adjective, a phrase or another adverb. ‡hgbt Hamidur Rahman is in our memory. GLv‡b ‘in our memory’ n‡jv adverbial phrase. Classification of sentences according to meaning: Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Cambrian Learners’ Communicative English

Simple English sentence †K Meaning Abyhvqx Communicative grammar Pvi fv‡M Classify K‡i| †hgb –i. Statements (Assertive) ii. Questions (Interrogative) iii. Commands (Imperative) Ges iv. Exclamation. Z‡e Traditional Grammar Gi mv‡_ AviI GK cÖKvi hy³ K‡i †hUv Optative sentence bv‡g cwiwPZ| 1. Statements (Assertive sentences) : Statements are sentences in which the subject is present and generally comes before the verb. †hgbt I am going to speak to the manager today. 2. Questions (interrogative sentences) : Questions are sentences started with either interrogative words or auxiliary verbs. ‡hgb t Will you see him today? Who do you want to speak to? 3. Commands (imperative sentences) : Commands are the sentences with the verb in the imperative and usually have no expressed subjects. †hgb t Speak to the author today. 4. Exclamations (exclamatory sentences) : Exclamations are sentences which begin with ‘what’ or ‘how’, without inversion of subject and operator and usually end with an exclamation mark (!). †hgbt What a noise they are making! 5. Optative sentences: Optative sentences are sentences with wish, prayer or desire. †hgb t May Bangladesh win! GB cuvP iKg Gi cÖ‡Z¨KwUB Avevi `yB fv‡M fvM Kiv hvq| †hgb : i) Affirmative sentence ii) Negative sentence. i) Affirmative sentence: nüv-evPK ev BwZevPK evK¨‡KB Bs‡iwR‡Z Affirmative sentence e‡j| †hgb: In our country, corruption is everywhere. ii) Negative sentence: ‡bwZevPK ev bv-evPK evK¨‡KB Bs‡iwR‡Z Negative sentence e‡j| †hgb: Farid was not an extrovert. Classification of sentences according to structures: Structure Abyhvqx sentence wZbfv‡M fvM Kiv nq| Gi wfwË n‡jv sentence G clause Gi msL¨v GK ev GKvwaK wKbv Zv| myZivs Avgv‡ì Av‡M Rvb‡Z n‡e clause wK| Clause: A clause is a group of words that includes a subject and a verb and forms a sentence or part of a sentence. GB clause-Gi Dcw¯’wZi wfwË‡Z sentence simple, complex ev compound n‡Z cv‡i| Simple sentence: Sentences containing just one clause are called simple sentence. ‡hgb t She heard an explosion. She phoned the police. Complex sentence: Sentences containing one main part and one other part where the clauses are joined into by subordination are called complex sentences. †hgb t When she heard an explosion, she phoned the police. Compound sentence: When more than one clauses are joined into a sentence by coordination, it is called a compound sentence. ‡hgb t She heard an explosion and phoned the police. GLv‡b ‘andÕ Øviv coordination m¤úbœ n‡q‡Q| D‡jøL¨ †h, Leech, Svartvik, Chomsky Gi gZ AvaywbK grammarian hviv compound sentence ‡K complex sentence-Gi AšÍ©f~³ Av‡iKwU form e‡jB g‡b K‡ib| Sentence Structures: Basic Sentence Structures of Simple Declarative (Assertive) Sentences : Communicative English Gi Rb¨ Basic sentence structure Rvbv Riæix | Declarative sentence ev statements ¸‡jv n‡jv eûj eëüZ I ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| Gi basic structure ¸‡jv Abyave‡bi Rb¨ D`vniYmn wb‡P †Ìqv n‡jv| Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Basic Grammar

1. Subject + Intransitive verb Adeeb failed. The bicycle riding practice was moving off slowly. GLv‡b cÖ_g sentence G ‘failed’ Ges wØZxq sentence G ‘was moving off’ n‡jv intransitive verb. g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e, verbs of movement, sound Ges position me©`v intransitive verb Gi KvR K‡i| Z‡e GQvovI Ab¨ wKQy verb †hgb smoke, fail, close, sink, appear BZ¨vw` verb I intransitive wn‡m‡e KvR Ki‡Z cv‡i| 2. Subject + Linking Verb + Complement (Adjective) Nambi, a man from Somal, was illiterate. Getting computer literacy has become important. GLv‡b cÖ_g sentence G ‘be’ verb Gi ci ‘illiterate’ Ges wØZxq ev‡K¨ ‘become’ verb-Gi ci important n‡jv adjective complement-Gi D`vniY| Linking verb wn‡m‡e eëüZ nq Ggb K‡qKwU verb n‡jv-‘to be’ verb, appear, become, feel, get, keep, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, taste, turn BZ¨vw`| 3. Subject + Linking Verb + Complement (Noun) The Great Wall of China is the largest defence fortification. Nambi’s home was the little temple. GLv‡b cÖ_g Sentence-G ‘the largest defence fortification’ Ges wØZxq sentence G ‘the little temple’ n‡jv linking verb-Gi c‡i eëüZ noun complement. 4. Subject + ‘BE’ verb + Complement (Adverbial) Raghib was on his bicycle. The Tajmahal is on the river Jamuna. GLv‡b cÖ_g sentence-G ‘on her bicycle’ Ges wØZxq sentence-G ‘on the river Jamuna’ n‡jv ‘be’ verb-Gi c‡i eëüZ adverbial complement. 5. Subject + Transitive Verb + Object (Noun/Pronoun) About 650 million people speak English. The Swedes wear business suits. GLv‡b cÖ_g sentence-G transitive verb ‘speak’ –Gi c‡i object wn‡m‡e ‘English’ Ges wØZxq sentence –G transitive verb ‘wear’ Gi c‡i object ‘suits’ e‡m‡Q| 6. Subject + Transitive Verb + Object + Complement (Adjective) Ismail Hossain found his economic condition unbearable. Sports pave our friendship easier. GLv‡b ‘found’ I ‘paves’ transitive verb `ywUi c‡i h_vµ‡g ‘his economic condition’ I ‘our friendship’ object Ges Ae‡k‡l ‘unbearable’ I ‘easier’ GB `ywU adjective complement n‡q‡Q| GB structure-G get, hold, like, drive BZ¨vw` verb eëüZ n‡Z cv‡i| 7. Subject + Transitive Verb + Object + Complement (Noun) The government has declared an earthquake resistant building code a necessary act. The people considered Nambi an enchanter. cÖ_g ev‡K¨ ‘has declared’ transitive verb, ‘an earthquake resistant building code’ object Ges a necessary act’ noun complement ‡hLv‡b wØZxq ev‡K¨ ‘considered’ n‡jv transitive verb, ‘Nambi’ object Ges ‘an enchanter’ n‡jv noun complement. GB structure-G appoint, crown, label, name, elect, consider, declare BZ¨vw` verb eënvi Kiv hvq| 8. Subject + Transitive Verb + Indirect Object + Direct Object The UNESCO has declared the Shat Gombuj Mosque an world heritage site. The NHC provided Ismail Hossain an appropriate training. GB Structure -G cÖ_g Sentence-G ‘The UNESCO’ subject-Gi ci ‘has declared’ transitive verb, -Gi ci ‘the Shat Gombuj Mosque’ indirect object Ges ‘an world heritage site’ direct object. Avevi, wØZxq sentence –G ‘The NHC’ subject -Gi ci ‘provided’ transitive verb, ‘Ismail Hossain’ indirect object Ges ‘an appropriate training’ direct object. 9. There + Verb + Subject Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Cambrian Learners’ Communicative English

There have been significant changes. There was a ship. Dc‡ii Dfq sentence –B There w`‡q ïiæ n‡q ‘be’ verb-Gi c‡i Subject wn‡m‡e h_vµ‡g ‘significant changes’ I ‘a ship’ †K MÖnY K‡i‡Q| G‡ÿ‡Î there n‡jv ‘non-referential’. 10. (a) It + ‘BE’ Verb + Noun + Verb-ing It was story building in an epic scale. GLv‡b ‘be verb’ Gi c‡i ‘story’ noun nIqvq c‡ii ‘build’ verb-Gi mv‡_ -ing hy³ n‡q‡Q| (b) It + ‘BE’ Verb + Adjective + infinitive It is able to reduce paper works. Dc‡i ‘be verb’ Gi ci ‘able’ adjective nIqvq Gi c‡i infinitive wn‡m‡e ‘to reduce’ e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q|

Unit-2

The Parts of Speech

Every word of a sentence is a part of speech. (Kvh© m¤úv`‡bi w`K †_‡K Sentence-G eëüZ kã¸‡jv‡K 8fv‡M eënvi Kiv hvq, G‡ì cÖ‡Z¨K fvM‡K Part of Speech e‡j| ‡Kvb kãwU †Kvb ai‡bi Part of Speech Zv †m kãwU eënv‡ii Dci wbf©i K‡i| Example: I know that girl. Here 'that' is an adjective. Don’t do that. Here 'that' is a Pronoun. I told that he did it. Here 'that' is a conjunction. There are eight types of parts of speech which are. Nouns, Pronouns, Adjectives, Verbs, Adverbs, Prepositions, conjunctions and Interjections. Noun: A noun is a naming word. Pronoun: A pronoun is a replacing word. Adjective: An adjective is a qualifying word. Verb: A verb is a doing or becoming or having word. Adverb: An adverb is a modifying word. Preposition: A preposition is a relating word. Conjunction: A conjunction is a joining word. Interjection: An interjection is a sudden emotion expressing word. NOUN A naming word of any place, thing, action quality, nation etc. A Noun names something. (‡Kvb e¨w³, e¯‘, ¯’vb, RvwZ, KvR ev ¸‡Yi bvgevPK kã‡K Noun e‡j| Category: Countable Nouns: ‡h me Noun MYbv Kiv hvq| Example: pen, book, chair, friend etc. We can say one pen, two books, three chairs, etc. Uncountable Nouns: ‡h me Noun MYbv Kiv hvq bv| Example: water, milk, sugar, oil, salt, etc. We cannot say one/two/three water. Classification: Noun is generally divided into two groups: Abstract Nouns and Concrete Nouns. 1. Abstract Nouns: ‡h me Noun †K †`Lv hvq bv wKš‘ Dcjwä Kiv hvq ev †evSv hvq| Example: kindness, happiness, honesty, beauty, truth, love, silence, sorrow, etc. 2. Concrete Nouns: ‡h me Noun ‡`Lv hvq I eySv hvq| Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Basic Grammar

(a) Common Noun: ‡h me Noun †Kvb wbw`©ó e¨w³ e¯‘ ev ¯’vb‡K bv eywS‡q H RvZxq cÖwZwU wRwbl‡K †evSvq| Example: girl, boy, city, day, river, month, continent, etc. The Jamuna is a big river. (b) Proper Noun: ‡h me Noun †Kvb wbw`©ó e¨w³, e¯‘ ev ¯’vb‡K eySvq Example: Arif, Asia, April, Dhaka, Friday, the Meghna, etc. (c) Material Noun: ‡h me Noun Ggb e¯‘‡K eySvq hv MYbv Kiv hvq bv wKš‘ IRb Kiv hvq| Example: gold, oil, rice, sugar, iron, gas, milk, water, etc. (d) Collective Noun: ‡h me Noun GKB RvZxq e¨w³, e¯‘ ev cÖvYx‡K mgwóMZfv‡e ‡evSvq| Example: team, committee, party, class, etc. The committee approved of the meeting. Identification of Noun : 1. Noun mvaviYZt Determiner Gi c‡i e‡m| Determiners are : Articles (a, an, the) possessive case (my, his, her, your, our, their, its.), Demonstrative Pronoun (this, these, those, that), Numerals (one, two, three, first, second), Quantifiers (any, many, some, much, more, no, each, several, every, a lot of, lots of, less, few, a few, little, a little, plenty of, a good deal of. Example: The book, His pen, Those boys, Three men, Some pictures, A lot of money, A few bird. 2. Verb Gi Subject I Object n‡jv Noun. Example: Truth is beauty. I see a tiger. The police caught the thief. 3. Preposition Gi ci Noun e‡m Ges Zv object-Gi gZ KvR K‡i| Example: He was craving for money. He depends on my generosity. Prep. Noun Prep Noun I dreamt of traveling everywhere. We believe in freedom. Prep. Noun(gerund) prep. Noun 4. GKwU Common Noun A_ev GKwU Collective Noun KLbB Sentence-G GKv eëüZ nq bv| nq‡Zv Noun wU plural nq A_ev Noun wUi mv‡_ Determiner _v‡K| Example: A boy/Boys is/are coming. (ïay boy n‡e bv|) A class/Classes is/are going. (ïay Class n‡e bv|) 5. Gerund, participle I Infinitive Gi Object n‡”Q Noun. Example: Gerund: Reading books is always amusing. Participle: Seeing a snake you turned pale. Infinitive: To face truth is hard. She likes to drink water. 6. Verb to be Gi ci Noun em‡Z cv‡i| Example: He was the captain of the team. It will be the room. N.B: Verb to be †hme verb gyj verb-Gi cwie‡Z© KvR K‡i| h_vt be, am, is, are, was, were, being, been 7. KZ¸‡jv Adjective Noun wn‡m‡e eëüZ nq| ZLb Adjective wUi c~‡e© Ôthe’ e‡m Ges verb wU plural nq| Example: The rich are not always happy. Sometimes the poor are happy PRONOUN A Pronoun is a word used instead of a Noun. Noun Gi cwie‡Z© eëüZ kã‡K Pronoun e‡j| Example: Salim has a book. He reads the book. He reads it. Classification: There are eight types of Pronouns which are given below: Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Cambrian Learners’ Communicative English

1. Personal Pronoun: Which are used instead of persons. (e¨w³i cwie‡Z© e¨eüZ Pronoun) There are three types of personal Pronoun: Nominative, Objective and Possessive. Personal Pronouns Nominative Possessive Objective

Singular

Plural

I You he, she, it my, mine your, yours his, her, its me you him, her, it

We You they our, ours your, yours their, theirs us you them

2. Demonstrative Pronoun: Demonstrates a Noun or a Pronoun. (‡h Pronoun GK ev GKvwaK e¨w³ ev e¯‘‡K wb‡`©k K‡i) Example: This is my pen. These are mine. That is her bag. The climate of Sylhet is better than that of Dhaka. 3. Interrogative Pronoun: Used for asking questions. (‡h me Pronoun cÖkœ Kivi Kv‡R e¨eüZ nq) Example: Who are you? What is he? Whom do you love most? 4. Relative Pronoun: It relates to some other Noun going before. (‡h me Pronoun Zvi c~‡e©v‡jøwLZ Noun ev Prounoun Gi mv‡_ m¤úK© ¯’vcb K‡i|) Example: I met the man who had just returned. All that glitters is not gold. (Who, What, Whom, Which, Whose, That.) 5. Indefinite Pronoun: It refers to persons or things generally but cannot refer them particularly. (‡h me Pronoun †Kvb e¨w³ ev e¯‘‡K Awbw`©ófv‡e wb‡`©k K‡i|) Example: One should do one’s duty. Some are born great. Many of my friends are talking. (someone, anyone, many) 6. Distributive Pronoun: Refers to persons or things one at a time. These Pronouns are treated as singular number. (‡h me Pronoun cÖ‡Z¨KwU e¨w³ ev e¯‘‡K c„_Kfv‡e eÈb wb‡`©k K‡i) Example: Each of the boys gets a prize. Everyone has done the sum. Either of the girls is very simple. Neither of them is here. 7. Reflexive Pronoun: The action by the subject reflects upon the subject. (‡h me Pronoun Subject-Gi KvRwU‡K cÖwZdwjZ K‡i| GwU AvZ¥wb‡`©kK Pronoun) Example: I clean my room myself. Clean your room yourself. The boys cleaned the room themselves. The snake is hiding itself. We do it ourselves. 8. Reciprocal Pronoun: It refers to the reciprocal action. (‡h me Pronoun cvi¯úwiK m¤úK© wb‡`©k K‡i|) Example: Tamal and Kamal helped each other (one another) Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Basic Grammar

ADJECTIVE An Adjective is a word which qualifies a Noun or Pronoun. It tells the type of Nouns and Pronouns. (‡h me word Noun A_ev Pronoun m¤^‡Ü wKQy e‡j ev G‡ì we‡kwlZ (Qualify) K‡i| Classification: There are mainly four types of adjective. 1. Adjective of Quality: It shows the kind or quality of persons or things. (‡h Adjective e¨w³ ev e¯‘i aiY‡K eySvq) Example: He became polite. We are Bangladeshi people. It is essential to be honest and wise. (good, bad, clever, lazy, weak, intelligent, old, healthy, wide, blue, honest, modest, essential, calm, polite, Asian, Bangladeshi, Greek, etc.) 2. Adjective of Quantity: It shows how much of a thing is meant. (‡h Adjective e¨w³ ev e¯‘i cwigvY‡K eySvq) Example: I ate some rice. I have little money. You had enough books. 3. Adjective of Number: It shows how many persons or things are meant. (‡h Adjective ev‡K¨ †Kvb Noun-Gi msL¨v wb‡`©k K‡i|) Example: The hand has five fingers. It is the first day of the month. (One, two, three, first, second, third, some, all) 4. Pronominal Adjective: When any Pronoun is used as an adjective. It has four types. (Adjective wn‡m‡e eëüZ Pronoun) (a) Possessive Adjectives: When possessive Pronouns are used with Nouns. (Possessive Pronoun hLb Noun-Gi mv‡_ eëüZ nq|) Example: My pen is costlier than your one. (my, your, his, her, our, their, etc.) (b) Demonstrative Adjective: Points out which person or thing is meant. (†h me Pronoun wbw`©ó e¨w³ ev e¯‘‡K wb‡`©k K‡i) Example: That boy is industrious. Those pictures are remarkable. (c) Interrogative Adjectives: What, Which, Whose, Used with Nouns to ask questions are Interrogative Adjectives. (What, Which, Whose mn Noun Øviv cÖkœ Kiv n‡j †mB Question Word ¸‡jv‡K Interrogative Adjective e‡j| Example: What things do you sell? Whose pen is this? (d) Distributive Adjective: Refers to each one of a number. (‡h me Adjective †Kvb Noun-Gi cÖwZwU‡K wb‡`©k K‡i) Example: Each boy reads here. Neither of the boys will stay. (every, either, neither, each.) Identification of Adjective : 1. There are two usages of Adjective: a. Attributive Adjective: Placed before Noun. Example: A good boy learns his lessons. I taught a weak student. b. Predicative Adjective: Placed after Verb. Example: I was alone. We are alive. They look nice. He appeared first. Predicative Adjectives cÖavbZ linking verbs Ges verb to be Gi c‡i e‡m| [ Linking Verbs: Verbs that create harmony among the parts of speech and indicate the same person/thing/place. Example: He remains unhappy. I fell tired. He has gone mad. Linking Verbs: appear, become, be, feel, seem, look, smell, stay, sound, taste, remain, grow, keep, get, prove, etc.] Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Cambrian Learners’ Communicative English

2. Adjective mvaviYZ Noun Gi c~‡e© e‡m H Noun †K we‡kwlZ K‡i| Example: Any logical essay is appreciable. The art is an artificial work. This is honorary degree. It is an incredible incident. 3. Sentence-Gi Possessive Pronoun Adjective wn‡m‡e eëüZ nq| KviY Possessive PronounGi ci mvaviYZ Noun _v‡K| Example: Your books must be returned. His crime is really irritable. 4. KZ¸‡jv Noun Avevi Adjective wn‡m‡e eëüZ n‡Z cv‡i Ges ZLb Noun ¸‡jv singular form aviY K‡i| Example: A ten page book, a two week vacation, five taka note, two day leave, cottage girl, school bag, bed cover, university student. 5. Noun Gi c~‡e© eëüZ mg¯Í Participle n‡”Q Adjective. Example: A burnt house, A playing ground. 6. All determiners can be adjectives. Example: An apple, our country, three lakes, second girl, many books, several people, few friends, less importance, much rice etc.  Enough Gi eënvi t Adjective/Adverb +enough Adjective →You are beautiful enough to satisfy me. Enough + Noun → You can own a car if you have enough money to spend. ADVERB Adverb is the word that modifies the word except Noun and Pronoun. Therefore, it modifies any verb, Adjective, Adverb, phrase or a full sentence. ( †h me Word Verb, Adjective, Adverb, Phrase ev full sentence ‡K modify K‡i A_©vr we‡klfv‡e cÖKvk K‡i|) Adverb Noun ev Pronoun ‡K Modify K‡i bv| Example: The man walks slowly. (Modifier of verb) He is always late. (Modifier of Adjective) The boy runs very fast. (Modifier of Adverb) Eventually, I got the first prize. (Modifier of a sentence) I have got a very nice college bag. (Modifier of a phrase.) Classification: Adverbs are divided into three classes according to their use. (A) Simple Adverb: It simply modifies time, Place, manner, quantity, cause and effect. This Adverb is divided into six types. (i) Adverb of manner: The type or way of performing the work. (Verb Gi KvRwU m¤úbœ Kivi aiY ev c×wZ cÖKvk K‡i|) Example: Please talk politely/slowly/quietly. We read the news attentively. Suddenly, he fell. He goes there regularly. He walks quickly. He works hard. Don’t speak so loud. Take it easy. Stand still. (Openly, freely, correctly, fairly, honestly, gladly, etc.). (ii) Adverb of place: The place of doing the action. (Verb Gi KvRwU m¤úbœ Kivi ¯’vb‡K wb‡`©k |) Example: Come here. Let us go out. Walk backward. He goes up and down. I see him everywhere. Go there. He stood outside. I sat inside. (iii) Adverb of Time: The time of performing the work. (Verb Gi KvRwU m¤úbœ Kivi mgq‡K cÖKvk K‡i|) Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Basic Grammar

Example: He comes daily. Do it now. He came yesterday. Do it again. I heard him before. Sometimes, he writes to me. (tomorrow, all day, often, never, always, soon, late, etc.). (iv) Adverb of Quantity or degree: The degree of doing the work. (Adjective ev Adverb Gi gvÎv ev cwigvY wb‡`©k K‡i|) Example: I am quite happy. He is too weak to walk. The mango was almost ripe. She is somewhat crazy. She is very nice. He writes extremely well. (v) Adverb of order: It indicates the chronology of doing the work. (Verb Gi KvRwU m¤úbœ nIqvi ch©vq ev µg cÖKvk K‡i|) Example: He came here once. This market sits twice a week. He came first. She stood second. He went last of all. (vi) Adverb of cause and effect: It modifies cause and effect of something. ( †h me Adverb ‡Kvb wKQyi KviY I djvdj wb‡`©k K‡i|) Example: He failed because he did not work hard. We therefore left the place at once. (B) Interrogative Adverb: Adverbs that are used to ask questions. (‡h me Adverb cÖkœ Kivi Kv‡R e¨eüZ nq Ges Zv w`‡q time, place, number, cause, manner, condition BZ¨vw` wb‡`©k K‡i|) Example: Where is Rashed? (Place) When did he go? (Time) How high is the building? (Condition) Why are you late? (Cause) How many boys are there? (Number) (C) Relative Adverb: Adverbs that not only qualify a word but also correlate two clauses. It is also known as Conjunctive Adverb. (‡h me Adverb ïaygvÎ †Kvb kã‡KB modify K‡i bv Avevi `yÕwU Clause ‡K I m¤ú„³ K‡i|) Example: I know the reason why he did it. This is the place where he lives. Do you know the time when he will go? # Adverb e¨env‡ii †ÿ‡Î avivevwnKZv n‡”Q t Manner→Place → Time He works sincerely in his office everyday. She went there at 10 am. # Double Negative error in English language: Barely, rarely, scarcely, hardly, seldam, no sooner, etc. are negative in meaning. So avoid using negative expressions with these words. ‡hgb t Incorrect : He could not hardly quit. Correct : He could hardly quit. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Cambrian Learners’ Communicative English

CONJUNCTION Conjunctions connect two words, clauses or sentences. These are joining words. (†h me Word `ywU word, clause, group of words ev sentence ‡K join K‡i| Classification: Conjunctions are of a three types: 1. Co-ordinating conjunction: conjunctions that connect clauses or sentences. It is not important that the clauses or sentences will be of equal grammatical rank and construction. (‡h me Conjunction `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK clause ‡K mshy³ K‡i|) Example: I went to college and took the class. Work hard and you will pass. The day is wet and cold. The knife is not sharp but blunt. Hasan or Mahmud will come here. Walk fast or you will miss the bus. I am sure that he will pass. He ran fast yet he could not get the train. I hate him for so he is lazy. He as well as his friends is lazy. He along with his friends is coming. I worked while he was sleeping. He wrote whereas I read. (therefore, then, thus, however, only, while, whereas, nevertheless) 2. Subordinating conjunction: It connects subordinate clauses to main clauses. (‡h me Conjunction subordinate clause ‡K main clause-Gi mv‡_ mshy³ K‡i Ges G‡K Ac‡ii Dci wbf©ikxj _v‡K|) Example: I had reached the college before the examination began. Don’t go out if it rains, I did not go because I did not know. It is one month since I received the letter. As/since you like it, I will give it. He could not reach though he walked fast. Sit here till/until I finish my work. They will not come unless I play. You ran after I had seen you. He looks as if/ as though he had seen a ghost. Walk slowly lest you should fail. 3. Correlative Conjunction: They are coordinate conjunctions in pairs. (‡h me Conjunction ‡Rvovq †Rvovq e‡m `ywU Word, Clause ev Sentence ‡K ci¯úi m¤úK© hy³ K‡i|) Example: Both Salim and his brother are absent today. He has both strength and money. The day was either wit or dry. Either he or his father has done that. I have neither pens nor books. The field is so small that I cannot play. I shall go out whether the day is wet or not. The shirt has the same colour that I wear. Karim is no less strong than Rahim The dog is as clever as the fox. He is not only a good student but also a good player. INTERJECTION Interjections express some sudden feeling and emotion. They are not grammatically connected with other words. (‡h me word Øviv mvgwqK Avb›`, `ytL, welv`, we¯§q ev Av‡eM cÖKvk cvq) (i) Hurrah! We have won. (Happiness/Avb›`) (ii) Alas! I failed. (Distress, sorrow/`ytL) (iii) Bravo! You have done well. (Approval/Aby‡gv`b) (iv) Fie! Fie! (Hatred/N„Yv, making fun/VvÆv Kiv) (v) Hi! Hello! (calling/Avnevb) (vi) Hess! Humph! (doubt/m‡›`n) (vii) Hush! (Attention/g‡bv‡hvM AvKl©Y) Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Basic Grammar

Unit-3

Article

Definition: The word ‘article’ means a member of a small group of words that gives definiteness or indefiniteness to the use of a noun. In other word, article indicates any one of a group of words which are used to signal nouns and to specify their use. (Bs‡iRx Article kã Øviv Aí K‡qKwU k‡ãi †h †Kvb GKwU eywS hvi Øviv †Kvb noun †K wbw`©ó ev Awbw`©ó K‡i †evSv‡bv nq|) Kinds: In English, articles are of two kinds. They are (1) Definite Article & (2) Indefinite Article. The Definite article is The whereas Indefinite Articles are A and An. (Article n‡jv `yB cÖKvi 1. Definite Article Ges 2. Indefinite Article. The n‡jv Definite Article Ges A I An n‡jv Indefinite Article. But sometimes nouns require no article at all. According to some grammarians, that is called Zero Article. Examples: • Books, eyes, pens, etc. Definite Article: If we want to particularise the noun, we use the Definite Article. (†Kvb noun †K wbw`©ó K‡i †evSv‡Z Definite Article eënvi Ki‡Z nq|) Examples: • The bird is flying in the blue sky. • The doctor has come. Note: Here we mean a particular bird and a particular doctor whom both the speaker and the listener know. (GLv‡b Avgiv GKwU wbw`©ó cvwL I GKRb wbw`©ó Wv³vi‡K eywS hviv e³v I †kªvZv Df‡qiB cwiwPZ|) Indefinite Article: If we want to generalise the noun, we use the Indefinite Article. (Avgiv hw` GKwU Noun ‡K Awbw`©ó K‡i eënvi Kwi Z‡e Avgv‡ì‡K Indefinite Article eënvi Ki‡Z n‡e|) Examples: • A police has come. • A man came to meet you. Note: Here neither police nor man is any particular police or man. They are not known to the speaker and the listener. (GLv‡b Police ev Man-Gi †KDB †Kvb wbw`©ó Police ev Man bq| Zviv e³vi ev ‡kªvZvi cwiwPZ bq|) Uses: As a general rule, a Common Noun in the singular number must have an Article before it. ( mvaviYZt Common Noun hw` Singular Number nq Z‡e Zvi c~‡e© Article e‡m|) Examples: • I saw man in the street. (Incorrect) • I saw a man in the street. (Correct) But a Common Noun in the plural number does not require the Definite Article the unless we want to particularise the noun. ( hw` Common Noun plural number ‡K wbw`©ó K‡i eySv‡bv bv nq Z‡e Zvi c~‡e© Article e‡m bv|) Examples: • Boys (= boys generally) are fond of sweets. • The boys (=those already referred to, or those boys before us) are playing football. Indefinite Article (A, An): Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Cambrian Learners’ Communicative English

A or An is used only for singular number but for all genders. The choice between A and An is determined by sound. A is used before a word beginning with a consonant sound and An is used before a word beginning with a vowel sound. (ïaygvÎ GKeP‡b, wKš‘ mKj wj‡½i mv‡_ A ev An e‡m | Consonant sound-Gi c~‡e© A Ges vowel Sound-Gi c~‡e© An e‡m|) Examples: A An a boy a woman an ass an ice-cream a book a chair an ant an idiot a bag a dog an apple an egg a cat a horse an arm an ear But if a word begins with ‘eu’ or ‘oa’ sound in spite of having vowel at the beginning, we have to use A, not An. (wKš‘ vowel w`‡q ïiæ nIqv m‡Z¡I hw` GKwU kã ‘BDÕ ev ÔIqvÕ kã w`‡q ïiæ nq Z‡e Zvi c~‡e© A e‡m, An bq|) Examples: a ewe, a European, a union, a university, a one-rupee note, etc. In the same way, if a word begins with vowel sound in spite of having consonant at the beginning, we have to use An, not A. (Ab¨w`‡K consonant w`‡q ïiæ nIqv m‡Z¡I hw` GKwU kã vowel sound w`‡q ïiæ nq Z‡e Zvi c~‡e© An e‡m, A bq| Examples: an hour, an heir, an honest man, an M. A., an M. P., an L. L. B., etc.) Uses of A/An A or An is used (A A_ev An eënvi Kiv nq) 1. when it is mentioning someone or something (Single Countable Noun) for the first time. (hLb GUv †Kvb e¨w³ ev e¯‘‡K cÖ_g ev‡ii g‡Zv wb‡`©k K‡i) Examples: • I saw a man on the street. • An old lady came to our house. 2. to indicate a unit. (GKwU GKK‡K wb‡`©k K‡i|) Examples: • One hundred centimeters make a meter. • An ounce is enough. 3. in the sense of 'one like'. (To make a Proper Noun a Common Noun).(GKB iKg †evSv‡Z) Examples: • He thinks he is a Nazrul. • He seems to be an Indian. 4. before an unknown name or surname. (GKwU AcwiwPZ bvg ev cèxi c~‡e©|) Examples: • A Kamal called on you. • An Arif came here to collect the news. N. B. Kamal, Arif without A or An implies that the speaker and the listener know them. (GLv‡b Kamal Ges Arif-Gi c~‡e© A ev An bv _vK‡j eySv‡e Zviv e³v I †kªvZvi Kv‡Q cwiwPZ|) 5. to denote profession, trade, class etc. (‡ckv, †kªYx A_ev eëmv eySv‡Z) Examples: • He is a businessman. • He is an engineer. 6. Before 'dozen', 'hundred', 'thousand', 'million' etc. ('dozen', 'hundred', 'thousand', 'million' BZ¨vw` eySv‡Z) Examples: • Here are a dozen of bananas. • There are a thousand people. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Basic Grammar

7. in the sense of 'each' or 'per'. (cÖ‡Z¨K ev cÖwZ eySv‡Z) Examples: • He earns one thousand rupees a month. • He drives the car at 50 miles an hour. 8. to indicate a class as a whole. (GKwU †kªYx‡K m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c †evSv‡Z) Examples: • A cow has horns. (i.e. All cows have horns.) • An elephant never forgets. 9. in Exclamatory Sentences beginning with 'what'. (‡h Exclamatory Sentence ¸‡jv What w`‡q ïiæ nq Zv‡Z) Examples: • What a pretty girl! • What a nice bird it is! 10. before the superlative 'most' when it means ‘very’. (‡mB superlative-Gi c~‡e© hvi Øviv very eySvq) Examples: • He saw a most wonderful sight. (a most = a very) This is a most interesting story. (a. most = a very) 11. before 'few', 'little', 'lot of, good deal great many, good many etc. and sometimes after 'many'. ('few', 'little', 'lot of, good deal great many, good many BZ¨vwì c~‡e© Ges gv‡S gv‡S Many Gi c‡i|) Examples: • Here is a lot of books. • A great many soldiers entered the town. • I saw a good many boys there. • There are a few books on the table. • There is a little honey in the bottle. Definite Article (The): It is the same for singular and plural numbers and for all genders. (Singular I Plural numbers Ges mKj wj‡½i Rb¨B The eënvi Kiv nq| Uses of The The Definite article the is used (Definite Article The eënvi Kiv nq): 1. to indicate a particular person (s) or thing (s). (‡Kvb wbw`©ó e¯‘ ev e¨w³ eySv‡Z) Examples: • Look at the boys. • I want The Golden Book of Treasures. • The book is out of print. 2. before a noun which has become definite by being mentioned a second time. (†mB Noun-Gi c~‡e© hv GKevi eënv‡ii d‡j wbw`©ó n‡q †M‡Q|) Examples: • There is a tree in the garden. • The tree is an Oak. 3. before a noun made definite by the addition of a phrase or clause. (‡mB Noun Gi c~‡e© hvi mv‡_ AwZwi³ Phrase ev Clause eënv‡ii d‡j Zv wbw`©ó n‡q †M‡Q|) Examples: • The boy who came here is my friend. • The pen which I bought from market is not so good. 4. before a singular noun to represent a whole class.( Singular Noun-Gi c~‡e© hLb Zv Øviv mg¯Í RvwZ‡K eySvq) Examples: • The dog is a faithful animal. • The rose is the sweetest of all flowers. 5. before an Uncountable Noun to particularise it. (Uncountable Noun-Gi c~‡e© hLb GwU‡K wbw`©ó Kiv nq|) Examples: • The gold of the ring is very bright. • The water of the Ganges is sacred. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Cambrian Learners’ Communicative English

6. before a name of a thing which exists only one in Nature. (cÖK…wZ‡Z GKwU gvÎ Av‡Q Ggb †Kvb wKQyi bv‡gi c~‡e©) Examples: • The sun shines in the sky. • The earth moves round the sun. 7. before a Noun denoting nation or race. (‡h Noun Øviv †Kvb RvwZ ev †Mvwô †evSvq Zvi c~‡e©) Examples: • The English are industrious. • The Bengalees are intelligent but idle. 8. before a name of Road, but not before a name of Street or Avenue. (†Kvb Road-Gi bv‡gi c~‡e©, wKš‘ †Kvb Street ev Avenue Gi bv‡gi c~‡e© bq|) Examples: • The bus is running on the Mahatma Gandhi Road. • The book is bought from College Street. 9. before some nouns to indicate profession. (‡ckv eySv‡Z wKQy Noun Gi c~‡e©|) Examples: • He joined the Bar. • He joined the Church. 10. before ordinal numbers. (Ordinal number Gi cy‡e©|) Examples: • Who is the second boy? • The 23rd January is a red letter day. 11. before the names of countries which are collectively formed. (mgwó evPK †`‡ki bv‡gi c~‡e©|) Examples: • the U. S. A. (the United States of America.) • the U. K. (the United Kingdom.) 12. before an Adjective to represent a whole class of persons. (Adjective hLb †Kvb we‡kl †kªYx †evSvq, ZLb Zvi c~‡e©|) Examples: • The rich (= rich men) are not always happy. • The poor ( = poor men) are not always dishonest. 13. before the Adjectives in Superlative Degree and the words in the Superlative sense. (Superlative Degree †Z Adjective Gi c~‡e©) Examples: • He is the best boy in the class. • She is the most beautiful girl. • He is the singer of the day. • He is the man of the match. 14. before comparatives as Adverbs. (Comparative Gi c~‡e© Adverb wn‡m‡e|) Examples: • The sooner, the better. • The more we have, the more we want. 15. As a general rule, a Proper Noun should not have any article before it. But some proper nouns take the before them as exceptions. (mvaviYZt Proper Noun Gi c~‡e© the e‡m bv| wKš‘ wKQy wKQy Proper Noun Gi c~‡e© The e‡m †m¸‡jv n‡jv) newspapers, ships, trains, aeroplanes, spacecrafts, famous buildings, rivers, seas, oceans, gulfs, mountain ranges, groups of islands, deserts and directions. Examples: (i) Names of holy books : the Bible, the Quran, the Ramayana. (ii) Names of newspapers : the Prothom-Alo, the Daily Star. (iii) Names of ships : the Titanic, the M. V. Akbar. (iv) Names of train : the Silk City, the Lalmonirhat Express. (v) Names of aeroplanes : the Dakota, the Boeing 707. (vi) Names of space crafts : the Apollo. (vii) Names of famous buildings: the Tajmahal, the Victoria Memorial Hall. (viii) Names of rivers : the Padma, the Jamuna. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Basic Grammar

(ix) Names of seas : the Arabian Sea, the Mediterranean Sea (x) Names of Oceans : the Indian Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean, the Pacific Ocean. (xi) Names of gulfs : the Persian Gulf, the Bay of Bengal. (xii) Names of mountain ranges :the Himalayas, the Alps. (xiii) Names of groups of islands: theAndamans, the West Indies, the Hebrides. (xiv) Names of desert : the Sahara, the Gobi. (xv) Names of the directions :Go to the north and then turn to the south. Note. 'The' is not placed before the names of single mountain, single island, or before the names of capes, or lakes. (GKwU gvÎ ce©Z ev Øxc, AšÍixc ev n«‡ì bv‡gi c~‡e© The e‡m bv|) Examples: Mount Abu, Mount Everest, Vesuvius, Ceylon, Sicily, Java and so on. 16. before Proper Nouns for comparison to denote a type. (‡Kvb we‡kl †kªYxi g‡a¨ Zzjbv eySv‡j Proper Noun-Gi c~‡e©) Examples: • Rabindranath is the Shakespeare of India. • Dhaka is the London of Bangladesh. 17. before a Proper Noun when it is qualified by an Adjective or Adjectival phrases or clauses.(Proper Noun hw` Adjective ev Adjectival phrases ev clauses Øviv we‡kwlZ nq, Z‡e Zvi c~‡e©|) Examples: • The great Caesar. • The immortal Kalidas. Omission of the Article There are some cases where we should not use any article. (wKQy wKQy †ÿÎ Av‡Q †hLv‡b Article eënvi Kiv DwPr bq|) Generally the articles are not used (mvaviYZt Article eënvi Kiv nq bv): 1. before proper nouns. (Proper Noun Gi c~‡e©) Examples: • Dhaka is the city of joy though there are many sufferings. • Newton is a great scientist not only of England, but also of the world. Note. When the article is used before proper noun, it becomes common noun. (hLb Proper Noun Gi c~‡e© Article eënvi Kiv nq ZLb Zv Common Noun n‡q hvq|) • A Newton (= a scientist) cannot be a Milton (= a poet). 2. before material noun. (Material Noun Gi c~‡e©|) • Gold is a precious metal. • Coal is black but very useful to us. Note: The is used before a Material Noun when it is particularly referred. (hLb †Kvb Material Noun ‡K wbw`©ó K‡i eySv‡bv nq ZLb Zvi c~‡e© The eënvi Kiv nq| • The mangoes of Rajshahi are very tasty. 3. before abstract nouns. (Abstract Noun Gi c~‡e©) • Health is Wealth. • Honesty is the best policy. Note: The is used before an Abstract Noun when it is specified. (hLb †Kvb Abstract Noun ‡K wbw`©ó K‡i eySv‡bv nq ZLb Zvi c~‡e© The eënvi Kiv nq| • The kindness of Hatem Tai has become a proverb. An Article is used before an Abstract Noun when it is preceded by an adjective. (Abstract Noun Gi c~‡e© Adjective _vK‡j Zvi c~‡e© Article eënvi Kiv nq|) Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Cambrian Learners’ Communicative English

• He died a peaceful death. • He met a serious accident. Article eëüZ bv nIqv †ÿÎmg~n: 4. before a Common Noun preceded by the phrases kind of, sort of, species of in interrogative sentences. (cÖk‡œ evaK ev‡K¨ Common Noun Gi c~‡e© kind of, sort of, species of RvZxq Phrase _vK‡j †mB Common Noun Gi c~‡e© Article e‡m bv, Z‡e assertive sentence G e‡m|) • What kind of flower is it? • What kind of / sort of man is he? Note. But in assertive sentence, we say. (wKš‘ Assertive Sentence-G Avgiv ewj) Example: Malaria is caused by a species of mosquito. The rose/Rajanigandha is a kind of flower. 5. before school, college, church, bed, hospital market, prison when these places are visited or used for their primary purpose. (school, college, church, bed, hospital market, prison BZ¨vw` hLb Zv‡ì mvaviY ev cÖavb D‡Ï‡k¨ ågb ev eënvi Kiv nq ZLb Zvi c~‡e© Article e‡m bv , Z‡e we‡kl †Kvb D‡Ï‡k eënvi ev ågb eySv‡Z D³ kã¸wji c~‡e© the em‡e|) Example: • We go to school /college (to learn) • Someone goes to church (to pray) • Someone to bed (to sleep) • Someone to market (to sell or buy) • Someone to prison (as a punishment) • Someone to hospital (for treatment) But when these places are visited or used for any other purpose the article is used. (wKš‘ GB RvqMv¸‡jv we‡kl ‡Kvb D‡Ï‡k¨ eënvi ev ågb Kiv n‡j Zvi c~‡e© Article eënvi Kiv nq|) Example: • I went to the school to see the Headmaster. • He went to the hospital to see his uncle. 6. Before man or woman in the sense of mankind and before father, mother, uncle, aunt, or baby when it expresses our father, our mother, our uncle, our aunt, etc. (man ev woman hw` gvbyl RvwZ‡K eySvq Ges father, mother, uncle, aunt, baby BZ¨vw` hLb Avgv‡ì father, mother, uncle, aunt, baby BZ¨vw` eySvq ZLb Zvi c~‡e© Article e‡m bv |) Example: • Uncle is coming. • Father will go home. 7. Before home when it means the home of the speaker, or the person spoken to. (hLb Home kãwU e³v ev †kªvZvi Home ‡K wb‡`©k K‡i, ZLb Zvi c~‡e© The e‡m bv |) • Go home. • Stay at home. But when home is followed by a descriptive phrase or clause, the is necessary. (wKš‘ Home-Gi c~‡e© descriptive phrase ev clause _vK‡j Zvi c~‡e©|) Example: ● He returned to the home where he had been so happy. ● She was married in the home of her grandparents. 8. Before the names of games and meals. (Games ev meals Gi bv‡gi c~‡e©|) Example: • We like to play football/cricket /hockey / tennis / badminton etc. • We have dinner /breakfast as usual time. 9. Before names of seasons and festivals. (‡Kvb FZz ev Drm‡ei bv‡gi c~‡e©) Example: Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Basic Grammar

• Summer /winter/spring /autumn [But, the rainy season] • Summer is the best time for picnic. • Similarly festivals as: ÍNew Year’s Day, Christmas etc. 10. Before the names of squares, buildings, parks, streets, avenue etc. (squares, buildings, parks, streets, avenue BZ¨vw`i bv‡gi c~‡e©|) Example: Buckingham Palace, College Street. 11. Before the words King and Queen if they are followed by the name of King or Queen and before titles when they are used in apposition to a noun. (King ev QueenGi mv‡_ Zv‡`i bvg _vK‡j wKsev †Kvb Title †Kvb Noun-Gi apposition n‡q em‡j Zvi c~‡e© Article e‡m bv|) Example: Mr. Sen, Principal of our College, is a well-known figure. 12. before complement of a transitive verb.(Transitive Verb-Gi Complement Gi c~‡e©|) Example: • They made him President. • He was elected Chairman of the Board. 13. in certain phrases consisting of a transitive verb followed by its object. (wKQy Phrase G †hLv‡b Transitive verb -Gi c~‡e© Object _v‡K|) Example: To catch fire, to take root, to give ear, to cast anchor, to set sail, to lose heart, to take offence etc. 14. in certain phrases consisting of a preposition followed by its object etc. (wKQy Phrase G †hLv‡b Preposition-Gi c~‡e© Object _v‡K|) Example: at home, at dinner, at ease, at dawn, at day-break, at sunrise, at sunset, at noon, at night, by day, by night, by name, by land, by water, by river, by air, by boat, by bus, by train, by steamer, by ship, on foot, underground, above ground, from hand to mouth etc. Repetition of the Article When two or more nouns or adjectives refer to (hLb `yBwU ev Zvi †P‡q †ewk Noun ev Adjective wb‡`©k K‡i)t: 1. different persons or things, the article is used before each noun or adjective. (Avjv`v Avjv`v e¨w³ ev e¯‘‡K ZLb Zvi cÖ‡Z¨KwUi c~‡e© Article e‡m|) Example: ● The Headmaster and the Secretary are coming. (Two different persons) • He had a clever and a black cat. (Two different cats) • Give me a red and a blue pencil. (Two different pencils) 2. Two nouns meaning the same person or thing, the article is used before the first adjective or noun. (`ywU noun hLb GKB e¨w³ ev e¯‘‡K eyLvq, ZLb ïaygvÎ cÖ_g Adjective ev Noun Gi c~‡e© Article e‡m|) Example: ● The Headmaster and secretary is coming. (One person) • He had a clever and black cat. (One cat) • Give me a red and blue pencil. (One pencil). 3. In a comparison, if two nouns refer to different persons or things, the article is used with each noun, otherwise not. (Zzjvbv eySv‡Z `yBwU Noun hw` Avjv`v Avjv`v e¨w³ ev e¯‘‡K eySvq ZLb Zvi cÖ‡Z¨KwUi mv‡_ Article e‡m; Ab¨‡ÿ‡Î e‡m bv|) • He is a better statesman than a philosopher. (Different persons) • He is a better statesman than philosopher. (same person)

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Cambrian Learners’ Communicative English

Unit-4

Verb

Verb: ‡h word Øviv †Kvb KvR Kiv ev nIqv eySvq Zv‡K verb e‡j| †hgb t a. He walks slowly. b. We know it. Dc‡ii D`vniYØ‡qi `vM †`qv AskUzKz verb KviY H¸wj KvR Kiv eySv‡”Q| †Kbbv cÖ_gwUi A_© ÔnvUvÕ Ges wØZxqwUi A_© ÔRvbvÕ| Kinds of Verb: Verb

Finite

Principal

Non-finite

Auxiliary

Infinitive

Participle

Gerund

Transitive

Primary

Present

Intransitive

Modal

Past

Perfect Linking Dc‡ii QK †_‡K Avgiv eyS‡Z cvwi VerbPeriphrastic cÖavbZt `yB cÖKvi h_v t i. Finite Verb I ii. Non-finite Verb. a. Finite Verb: Subject Gi Number I Person Abyhvqx †h Verb cwieZ©b nq Zv‡K Finite Verb e‡j| †hgb t a. He goes to college. b. Rana knows it. D³ Sentenece Ø‡qi verb h_vµ‡g goes I knows D³ verb Øq Zv‡`i Subject → He I Rana Gi Kvi‡Y es ev s MÖnY K‡i‡Q| Finite Verb Gi cÖKvi‡f` t Finite Verb †K `yB fv‡M fvM Kiv hvq| h_vt a. Principal Verb b. Auxiliary Verb a. Principal Verb: †h Verb Ab¨ †Kvb Verb Gi mvnvh¨ Qvov ¯^vaxbfv‡e m¤ú~Y© A_© cÖKvk K‡i Zv‡K Principal Verb e‡j| †hgb t a. We play cricket. b. Man makes fire. c. People know it. d. We need money. GLv‡b play, makes, know Ges need G¸wj g~j verb KviY GB¸wj wb‡RivB ¯^vaxbfv‡e A_© cÖKvk Ki‡Z cvi‡Q| Auxiliary Verb : †h Verb g~j Verb †K wewfbœ cÖKvi Sentence MV‡bi Rb¨ mvnvh¨ K‡i Zv‡K Auxiliary Verb e‡j| †hgb t a. I am reading a novel b. Students are making a noise. c. We should respect our parents. GLv‡b am, are I should GB ¸wj Auxiliary Verb KviY GB¸wj Zv‡`i Principal Verb ‡K mvnvh¨ Ki‡Q| Kinds of Principal Verb: Principal Verb ‡K Avevi 3 fv‡M fvM Kiv hvq|

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Basic Grammar

a. Transitive Verb b. Intransitive Verb c. Linking Verb a. Transitive Verb: ‡h Verb Zvi A_© cwic~Y© Kivi Rb¨ Object MÖnY K‡i Zv‡K Transitive Verb e‡j| †hgb t a. He flies a kite. b. We lost the pen. GLv‡b flies I lost Dfq Transitive Verb KviY Zviv Object MÖnY K‡i‡Q| b. Intransitive Verb: ‡h verb Zvi A_© cwic~Y© Kivi Rb¨ Object Gi cÖ‡qvRb †eva K‡i bv Zv‡K Intransitive verb e‡j| †hgb t a. The girl sings. b. Birds fly. GLv‡b sings I fly verb Øq intransitive KviY object MÖnY Kiv QvovB, Zviv A_© cwic~Y©fv‡e cÖKvk Ki‡Z †c‡i‡Q| c. Linking Verb: ‡h Verb Subject Ges Complement Gi g‡a¨ ms‡hvM mvab K‡i †`q Zv‡K Linking Verb e‡j| †hgbt a. He is a student. b. He was a doctor. GLv‡b ‘is’ I Ôwas’ linking verb KviY Zviv He Gi mv‡_ student I doctor Gi ms‡hvM K‡i w`‡q‡Q| N.B: be, appear, become, feel, get, go, grow, keep, look, prove, sound, run, smell, seem, taste, turn, GB Verb ¸‡jv‡K A‡bK mgq Linking Verb wn‡m‡e eënvi Kiv nq| Auxiliary Verb Gi cÖKvi‡f` t Auxiliary Verb ‡K wZb fv‡M fvM Kiv hvq| h_v t a. Primary Auxiliary b. Modal Auxiliary b. Periphrastic Modal Auxiliary a. Primary Auxiliary: †h verb Ae¯’vbyhvqx mvnvh¨Kvix Avevi Ae¯’vbyhvqx Principal verb wn‡m‡e eëüZ nq ZvnvB Primary Auxiliary verb. G‡ì msL¨v 3wU| h_v t be, do I have a. be → be Gi 8wU iƒc Av‡Q| h_vt am, is, are, was, were, be, being, been, ‡hgb t a. I am a student. b. I am reading English b. do → do Gi 3Uv iƒc Av‡Q| h_v t do, does, did. ‡hgb t a. He did it. c. I did not do it. d. Have → Have Gi 3 Uv iƒc Av‡Q| h_v-Have, Has I Had ‡hgb t a. I have a pen. b. I have lost a pen. B. Modal Auxiliary: ‡h verb ¸wji ci base form of verb e‡m, to e‡m bv Ges ing I hy³ nq bv Zv‡K Modal Auxiliary e‡j| †hgb t He can do it. msL¨v t Modal Auxiliary Gi msL¨v 13wU| h_v t can, could, may, might, shall, should, will, would, must, need, dare, had better, would rather. Periphrastic Modal Auxiliary: †h Verb ¸wji me©`vB to e‡m Zv‡K Periphrastic Modal Auxiliary e‡j| †hgb t We ought to help others. msL¨v t G‡ì msL¨v 6wU | h_v t be to, be going to, used to, ought to, be about to, have to Non-Finite Verb Gi cÖKvi‡f` t Non-Finite Verb †K wZb fv‡M fvM Kiv hvq| h_v t a. Infinitive; b. Participle. c. Gerund. a. Infinitive: Verb Gi Present iƒc Gi c~‡e© to hy³ Ki‡j †h iƒc MwVZ nh ZvnvB Infinitive. †hgb t a. He came to meet me. b. They want you to make a good result. b. Participle: Verb Gi †h iƒc GKB mv‡_ Verb I Adjective Gi KvR K‡i Zv‡K Participle e‡j| †hgbt a. We saw a singing bird. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Cambrian Learners’ Communicative English

b. Lost health can hardly be recovered. Participle †K Avevi 3 fv‡M fvM Kiv hvq| h_v t a. Present Participle b. Past Participle c. Perfect Participle. Present Participle: Verb Gi mv‡_ ing hy³ Ki‡j hw` †mwU Verb I Adjective wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i Zvn‡j Present Participle. ‡hgb t a. A barking dog seldom bites. b. None should get on a running bus. c. We found them playing cricket. d. We were enjoying an exciting game. Use of Present Participle a. Verb Gi Continuous Tense MV‡b eëüZ nq| †hgb t a. He was enjoying television. b. They are eating rice. b. Noun Gi Av‡M e‡m Noun Gi ¸Y cÖKvk K‡i| †hgb t a.This is an interesting story. b. He has a pleasing voice. c. He shot a flying bird. c. A‡bK mgq linking verb I be Gi c‡i predicative use of adjective iƒ‡c e‡m| †hgb t a. The scenery looks charming. b. The game is exciting. d. ev‡Kï ïiæ‡Z G‡m Present Participle wnmv‡e KvR Ki‡Z cv‡i| †hgb t a. Learning English he will come back. b. Playing football I get pleasure. e. ev‡Kï †k‡l G‡m Present Participle wnmv‡e em‡Z cv‡i| †hgb t a. He went away closing the door. b. He burst into tears hearing the news. f. KL‡bv KL‡bv Preposition wnmv‡e em‡Z cv‡i| †hgb t a. The boy knew nothing regarding it. b. Nobody came saving(except) one. c. He gave a piece of information regarding (about) him. g. ‡Kvb Simple Sentence G Subject Gici I g~j Verb Gi Av‡M Subject Gi ¸b cÖKvk Kivi Rb¨ Participle em‡Z cv‡i| †hgb t- The house belonging to me now will be yours. b. The car running quickly collided against a wall. h. A‡bK mgq see, hear, watch, find BZ¨vw` verb Gi ci Subject Ges Zvi c‡ii AskwU present Participle wn‡m‡e MY¨ nq| ‡hgb t He saw me coming here. b. We heard her singing. i. Have, get, start, keep, leave, find, catch BZ¨vw` Verb Gi ci Subject Ges Zvici ing hy³ Ask _vK‡j †mwU Present Participle wn‡m‡e MY¨ nq| †hgb t He kept me waiting. b. I caught the man stealing a mango. j. A‡bK mgq Finite Verb Gi mv‡_ m¤úK©nxbfv‡e ev‡Kï cÖ_g As‡k present Participle em‡Z cv‡i| †hgb t a. The game being over, we went away. b. The restaurant being dirty , we don’t eat there. k. Present Participle KLbI KLbI mgq, KviY I kZ© cÖKvk Kivi Rb¨ eëüZ nq| †hgb t a. Being ill, he could not, come to the meeting. b. While walking along the road, I saw a dead cow. c. Turning to the left, you will find my house. Past Participle: Verb Gi Past Participle ev 3q iƒc hLb GKB mv‡_ Verb I Adjective Gi KvR K‡i ZLb Zv‡K Past Participle e‡j| †hgb t Remove the broken glass. b. His father is a retired army officer. c. Don’t drink arsenic contaminated water. Prefect Participle: Having + g~j verb Gi Past participle †K Perfect Participle e‡j| †hgb t a. Having done it, he went away. b. He went away having closed the door. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Basic Grammar

Gerund Verb Gi mv‡_ ing hy³ Ki‡j hw` GKB mv‡_ Verb I Noun Gi KvR K‡i Zvn‡j Zv‡K Gerund e‡j| ‡hgb t a. Walking is a good exercise. b. He stops reading novels. Use of Gerund a. Verb Gi Subject wnmv‡e e‡m| †hgbt Swimming is a good exercise b. Transitive Verb Gi Object wnmv‡e e‡m| †hgb t My wife loves gardening. c. Subject Gi Complement wnmv‡e e‡m| †hgb t a. His target is getting a+. b. My hobby is angling d. Preposition Gi Object iƒ‡c em‡Z cv‡i| †hgb t He is absorbed in reading. b. I am fond of playing. e. Compound Noun Gi Ask wnmv‡e em‡Z cv‡i| †hgb t a. This is our dressing table. b. He is in the drawing room. f. hw` Possessive (†hgb t my, his, her, your, their BZ¨vw`)-Gi ci Verb Gi mv‡_ ing hy³ nq| †hgb t a. He scolded me for my telling a lie. b. I am afraid of its happening.

Unit-5

Preposition

What is Preposition? A Preposition is a word placed before a noun or a pronoun to show its relation to some other words in the sentence. Pre=Av‡M/c~‡e©, position=¯’vb| A_©vr Preposition nj †mB me word hviv †Kvb k‡ãi Av‡M e‡m c~e©eZ©x word Ges H word Gi g‡a¨ m¤úK© ¯’vcb K‡i| Ab¨ K_vq ejv hvq, †h Word ev Word mgwó Noun ev Pronoun A_ev Noun equivalent Gi c~‡e© e‡m ev‡Kï Ab¨vb¨ As‡ki mv‡_ Noun ev Pronoun A_ev Noun equivalent-Gi m¤úK© ¯’vcb Kwi‡q †`q Zv-B Preposition. Kinds of Preposition: MVb Kvh© Ges eënv‡ii wfwË‡Z Preposition ‡K Qqfv‡M fvM Kiv nq| ‡hgb t i. Simple preposition: Simple Preposition gyjZt GKwU word Øviv MwVZ| †hgbt at, on, of, but, by, down, from, like, out etc. ii. Double preposition: `y‡Uv preposition GK‡Î hy³ n‡q GKwU Double preposition MVb K‡i| †hgbt upon (up+on), without (with+out) etc. iii. Compound preposition: Noun, Adjective ev Adverb Gi c~‡e© Simple preposition hy³ n‡q †h preposition MVb K‡i Zv‡K Compound Preposition e‡j| ‡hgbt about (on+by+out), behind (by+hind) etc. across (on+cross), beneath (by+neath) [a=on, be=by] iv. Phrase preposition : `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK preposition wg‡j A_ev `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK Preposition Ges Ab¨ word wg‡j GKK preposition iƒ‡c eëüZ nq Z‡e Zv‡K Phrase Preposition e‡j| †hgb t by means of, in front of etc. v. Participle Preposition: Present Participle Ges Past Participle hw` Preposition –Gi gZ KvR K‡i Z‡e Zv‡K participle Preposition e‡j| ‡hgb t The man went (past) me. Considering the quality the price is not so high. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Cambrian Learners’ Communicative English

vi. Disguised preposition : KL‡bv KL‡bv on, at, of, per Preposition ¸‡jvi cwie‡Z© o ev a eëüZ nq, Giƒc o ev a †K Disguised Preposition e‡j| †hgbt He gets up at 8 O’clock (O=of). She comes here once a week. (a=per) Preposition may be used before other parts of speech. Such as He walks about from here to there. (Preposition before adverb) I have heard of this before now. (Preposition before adverb) He is about to go. (Preposition before infinitive) Sometimes preposition is used before a phrase or clause and governs it. He is ignorant of how to swim. (Preposition before phrase). I told everyone of what I have heard. (Preposition before clause). It depends on how you do our duty. (Preposition before clause). Bs‡iwR‡Z wKQy Preposition-Gi m‡½ evsjv wefw³i GKUv m¤úK© jÿ¨ Kiv hvq| wb‡P ZvwjKvwU wkÿv_©x‡ì Preposition m¤ú‡K© cwi¯‹vi aviYv wb‡Z mvnvh¨ Ki‡e| wefw³ Preposition Example KZ©vq 1gv Abid is a doctor (no preposition) K‡g© 2qv, †K, †i, cÖwZ To He goes to school (¯‹z‡ji cÖwZ ev w`‡K) The gift was given to my friend. (Avgvi eÜz‡K) Ki‡Y 3qv, Øviv, w`qv, By (a doer) The letter is written by me. (Avgvi Øviv) KZ©„K With (an The letter is written with pen.(Kj‡gi instrument) Øviv) wbwg‡Ë 4_©x, Rb¨ For I waited for him.(Zvnvi Rb¨) Acv`‡b 5gx, nB‡Z, From, than The books fell from the table. (‡Uwej †_‡K, †P‡q †_‡K) He will not take less than twenty rupees. (wek UvKvi †Pq Kg) m¤^‡Ü 6ôx, i, Gi Of This dress is of abid (Avwe‡ì ‡cvkvK) AwaKi‡Y 7gx-G,q, †Z In, at He lives in Bangladesh. (evsjv‡`‡ki) He lives at khulna. (Lyjbvq) He is swimming in the river. (b`x‡Z) GKB A‡_© ev GKvwaK A‡_© wewfbœ Preposition Gi eënvi t a. BwZevPK Ae¯’vb MšÍ‡eï †ÿ‡Î-at, to, on, onto, in, into etc. b. Drm ev †bwZevPK Ae¯’v eySv‡Z away, from, off, out, of etc. c. cvi¯úwiK Ae¯’vb over, above, under, below, beneath etc. d. `~iæZ¡g~jK Ae¯’vb by, beside, with, near, close to, opposite, between, among, amongst, amid, amidst, around, round, about etc. e. `~iæZ¡ AwZµg-across, through, past, up, down etc. f. djkÖæZ A‡_©-from, out, of etc. g. e¨¯Í A‡_©- over, throughout, with etc. h. mgq cÖKv‡k- at, on, in, by etc. i. ¯’vwqZ¡- for, during, over, through, throughout, upto, before, after, since, till, until, by etc. j. D‡Ïk¨ I MšÍe¨ for. k. jÿ¨ for, to, at etc. l. Drm ev DrcwË- from m. Dcvq- by, with, without etc. n. mn ev mv‡_- with Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Basic Grammar

o. mg_©b I we‡ivaxZv-for, with, against etc. P. m‡Ë¡I A‡_©- in spite of, despite , but for, with all etc. q. cÖwZwµqv- at, to etc. r. ÷¨vÛvW©- for, at etc. Uses of different types of prepositions To 1. wbw`©ó †Kvb ¯’vb ev we›`y‡Z eySv‡Z| †hgb t Go to the south. He has gone to school. 2. ch©šÍ A‡_© †hgbt Life means waiting from birth to death . 3. Abyhvqx A‡_©-This dress is really to my choice. I found the place to my liking. 4. gy‡LvgywL ev †Nlv‡Nwl A‡_©-Talk to him face to face. 5. Gi A‡_©- Industry is the key to success. 6. cÖwZ ev D‡Ïk¨ A‡_©-Send the letter to Simu. We invited him to the party. 7. mgq evKx Av‡Q eySv‡Z-It is quarter to ten. How long is it to lunch? 8. DcbxZ nIqv ev cwiYZ A‡_©-Burn the paper to ashes. He was sentenced to the Jail. At 1. Zzjbvg~jKfv‡e †QvU ¯’vb I wbw`©ó †Kvb w¯’i we›`y †evSv‡Z- a. He lives at Gulshan in Dhaka. b.Open at page 30. 2. mgq wbw`©ó K‡i †evSv‡Z- a. Come to the college at 8.A.M b. Nazrul has become famous at the age of 21. (Gfv‡e-At down, at first, at noon, at night, at midnight wKš‘ at day bq|) 3. g~j¨ †evSv‡Z-Ornage sells at 100 taka per Kg. He bought a shirt at Tk. 500 4. `ÿZv cÖKv‡ki †ÿ‡Î- Rana is good at Mathematics. Runa is bad at reading and writing. 5. GKK cÖ‡Póvi †ÿ‡Î-Drink the glass of water at a time. 6. gvÎv ‡evSv‡Z-The car ran at 120 miles per hour. I have done many thing at a time. 7. `vwqZ¡ ‡evSv‡Z-Do it at your own cost. He has done it at his own risk. 8. Pig Ae¯’v ev mxgv cÖKv‡ki †ÿ‡Î- At first, At last, At best, At worst. 9. Kv‡Ri Ae¯’v †evSv‡Z-I am now at work. He was at the meeting Of 1. gvwjKvbv ev AwaKvi †evSv‡Z- He lives in the house of his uncle. This is a book of my brother. 2. ‡Kvb wKQy w`‡q •Zix ev Kv‡iv Øviv wbwg©Z, m„ó ev iwPZ †Kvb wKQy ‡evSv‡Z-Give me a ring of gold. I like houses made of brick. Please sing a song of Lalon Shah. 3. mgwói g‡a¨ GKwU/GKvwaK †evSv‡Z-I like one of her poems. Many of them have said so. 4. m¤^‡Ü ‡evSv‡Z-I do not know of Milton. 5. Drm †evSv‡Z-The rice of Barishal is famous. He is a man of Khulna. 6. D™¢~Z †evSv‡Z-He comes of a respectable family. 7. KviY †evSv‡Z-He died of over eating. 8. we`¨gvb Ae¯’v †evSv‡Z-Mahbub is a man of Character. Bangladesh is a country of peace and happiness. 9. ZvwiL †evSv‡Z-The 12th of March. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Cambrian Learners’ Communicative English

10. GKB wRwb‡mi AwfbœZv †evSv‡Z- He lives in the city of Dhaka. He died at the age of seventy. Dhaka is called the city of mosque. In 1. mgq †evSv‡Z ev †Kvb mg‡qi g‡a¨ †evSv‡Z-I will come in an hour. I will do it in a week. 2. A‡cÿvK…Z eo ¯’vb †evSv‡Z-I live in Dhaka. He lives in Canada. 3. Ae¯’v †evSv‡Z-His health is in bad condition. They were in angry mood. 4. ‡cvkvK mw¾Z ev we‡kl ai‡Yi †Kvb wKQy mvRv‡bv A‡_©- He is in full shirt. Stand in a line. 5. ‡Kvb wKQy‡Z Avkªq wb‡q wKQy Kiv A‡_©-He is busy in politics. He writes to me in English. 6. g‡a¨ †evSv‡Z-He is in the garden. My mother is in the Kitchen. 7. ‡Kvb wKQyi g‡a¨ AšÍf~©³ †evSv‡Z-Find out the errors in the sentence. There is an important information in the article. For 1. R‡b¨ A‡_©-He bought a shirt for you. What can I do for you? 2. KviY A‡_©-We could not go out for rain. He was disqualified for mental disorder. 3. mg‡qi e¨wß †evSv‡Z-He has been absent for three days. He has been reading for an hour. 4. wewbgq †evSv‡Z-I have bought it for five taka. How much have you paid for it? 5. Kv‡iv c‡ÿ †evSv‡Z I will fight for him.I am speaking for you. 6. cwie‡Z© †evSv‡Z-He acted for his father. He must attend the meeting for him. 7. m‡Ë¡I A‡_©-For all his riches, he is unhappy. For all my good qualities I could not do better. 8. D‡Ïk¨ ev w`‡K-The ship is started for Singapore. 9. cÖZxK ev cÖwZwbwa Dc¯’vcb A‡_©-What does red colour in national flag stand for? Off Off gyjZt Adverb wn‡m‡e e¨eüZ nq| Z‡e GLv‡b Preposition wn‡m‡e wKQy e¨envi †`Lv‡bv nj| 1. KvQvKvwQ †Nu‡l bq, `~‡i G iKg †evSv‡Z-Take the chair off the room. Keep off the plant. 2. wew”QbœZv ev wePz¨wZ †evSv‡Z-Take the shoes off your feet. Get the spot off your dream. 3. Af¨¯ÍZv †evSv‡Z-The patient is off his meal. For some reasons, he is off his jovial mood. 4. mgy‡`ªi KvQvKvwQ-We went off the shore. On 1. ‡Kvb Z‡ji Dci †Kvb KvR evB‡i †_‡K G‡m NU‡e Giƒc eySv‡j On/onto e‡m| The boy was standing on the bench. Keep the box on the shelf. 2. ZvwiL ev w`b †evSv‡Z-Meet me on Monday. She will come to me on 20 July. 3. ‡Kvb wKQy m¤^‡Ü-Ruma delivered a speech on Shakespeare.Write a paragraph on Bangladesh. 4. wbf©ikxjZv †evSv‡Z-We live on rice. Don’t depend on others. 5. ‡Kvb Dcj‡ÿ¨-Greeting on birthday. We attended on his marriage anniversary. 6. Pjgvb A‡_©-He is on a trip to Thakurgaon. 7. cÖfvweZ Kiv A‡_©-The film inflicted much influence on me. 8. wbf©iZv/SzjšÍ Ae¯’v †evSv‡Z-A car on four wheels. A table on four legs. 9. Abymv‡i/d‡j-I did it on your advice. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Basic Grammar

10. Ae¨ewnZ c‡iB-On hearing this, she came. 11. c‡ÿ KvR Kiv-He is on the committee. Under 1. wbPz ¯’vb ev †Kvb wKQyi wb‡P †evSv‡Z-We took rest under a banyan tree. Keep the bag under the table. 2. Kv‡iv Aaxb KvR Kiv ev †Kvb Ae¯’vq _vKv A‡_©-I am doing under Mr. Robert. Try to keep the boy under control. 3. kvmbvgj †evSv‡Z-Were we in peace under British rules? 4. cÖwµqvaxb †evSv‡Z-He can work hard under pressure. Your proposal was under consideration. 5. Abyhvqx A‡_©-Under the term, he would be punished if he fails to repay. About 1. ‡Kvb wel‡q ev †Kvb wKQy m¤^‡Ü wKQy ejv ev Kiv A‡_© -I am telling you about my career. Let us talk about our business. 2. cÖvq A‡_©-He is about to rise feet. I need about 50 thousand taka. 3. Pviw`‡K A‡_©-There is a lake about the locality. Wrap the pieces of cloth about my finger. 4. mg‡qi m¤¢ve¨Zv †evSv‡Z-It is about 8 O’clock. The bus will start about now. 5. Dcjÿ ev D‡Ïk¨ ‡evSv‡Z-She came to my house about that matter. After 1. c‡i N‡U G iKg A‡_©-Where will you go after dinner? He will meet me after his lunch. 2. wcQy †bIqv ev avIqv Kiv A‡_©-We ran after the thief. Do not hanker after money. 3. cwiKíYv, aiY ev Ab¨ wKQy AbymiY †evSv‡Z-The museum is built after my design. This pen was bought after my choice. He is named after his father. 4. avivevwnKZv †evSv‡Z-We cantered one after another. Before 1. ‡Kvb mgq ev avivi Av‡M N‡U GiKg †evSv‡Z-He passed SSC examination before 1992. Your turn will come before me. 2. m¤§y‡L †evSv‡Z-He stood before me. He fainted before me. 3. AwaKZi ¸iæZ¡ †evSv‡Z-He always emphasizes hard work before brain. We want prevention before cure. 4. we‡ePbvq Avbv ‡evSv‡Z- He put the proposal before our chairman. Behind 1. wcQ‡b A‡_©- He came behind you. He shouted from behind the wall. 2. Amvÿv‡Z-You curse him behind the back. 3. wej¤^ A‡_©-You are behind me. 4. mg_©b ev mvnm-Don’t get frightened, we are behind you. Over 1. mivmwi Dc‡i †evSv‡Z-She held her hand over my head. 2. ¯úk© Ki‡Q bv Ggb †evSv‡Z-The ball is hanging over his head. 3. Dc‡i †X‡K Av‡Q-She stretched the cloth over her body. 4. GKcvk †_‡K Ab¨ cv‡k †evSv‡Z-I jumped over the bench. 5. cÖfve ev wbqš¿Y †evSv‡Z-He ruled over those people. By 1. ‡Kvb c‡_ hvZvqvZ Kiv ev Mgbv_© †evSv‡Z-I shall go there by bus. (On foot, on horse back.) Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Cambrian Learners’ Communicative English

2. cv‡k †evSv‡Z-Our College is just by the Gulshan College. He sat by me yesterday. 3. cwigv‡ci †ÿ‡Î-The room is 10 feet by 15 feet. 4. KvQvKvwQ mgq †evSv‡Z-He will get back by Monday. He will come back by 4 P.M. 5. ‡Kvb e¨w³ KZ©„K m¤úvw`Z A‡_©-The poem was written by him. The work has been done by you. 6. Abyhvqx A‡_©-You are guilty by our law. What is the time by your watch. 7. avivevwnKZv †evSv‡Z-His health is improving day by day. He passed the tests one by one. 8. wb‡R wb‡R ev GKv GKv A‡_©-He lives by himself. 9. kc_ †evSv‡Z- He swore by Allah. With 1. ‡Kvb e¨w³i mv‡_ †evSv‡Z-She lives with her parents. I spent the vacation with my friends. 2. Kv‡Ri †Kvb DcKiY †evSv‡Z-Don’t play with match. I write everything with this pen. 3. mË¡I A‡_©-With all his learning, he is dishonest. 4. e¯‘evPK ev ¸bevPK Ae¯’v cÖKvk Ki‡Z-He looked at her with fixed eyes. He works with confidence. 5. c‡ÿ ev wec‡ÿ †evSv‡Z-Babar fought with Ibrahim Lodi. Bahram Khan was always with Akbor. 6. ‡Kvb wel‡q ev e¨vcvi †evSv‡Z-Be careful with Knife. Some prepositions: Differences and Uses In/At: eo ¯’vb ev mg‡qi c~‡e© in Ges A‡cÿvK…Z †QvU ¯’vb ev mg‡qi c~‡e© at e‡m| Z‡e mg‡qi c~‡e© in em‡j Zvi ci noun Gi cy‡e© the e‡m| wKš‘ mg‡qi c~‡e© at em‡j Zvici the e‡m bv| He lives at Rajshahi in Bangdesh. He came to me at 8 P.M. in 2007. He walks in the morning. In/Into: †Kvb wKQyi †fZ‡i Kv‡iv ev †Kvb wKQyi Ae¯’v‡bi w¯’wZkxjZv eySv‡Z in Ges Ae¯’v‡bi MwZkxjZv ev iƒcvšÍi †evSv‡Z into e‡m| The students are in the classroom. The teacher enters into the classroom. In/Within: mvaviYZ fwel¨rKv‡j wbw`©ó e¨vcK mg‡qi †kl gyn~‡Z© †evSv‡Z in Ges H mg‡qi g‡a¨ †evSv‡Z within e‡m| I will be back in a week. I will be back within a week On/In/At: w`b ev Zvwi‡Li Av‡M On, gvm ev eQ‡ii Av‡M in Ges wbw`©ó mg‡qi c~‡e© at e‡m| I joined the job at 8 am on Sunday in 2007. In/By/Before/After: fwel¨rKv‡j e¨vcK mg‡qi g‡a¨ †evSv‡Z in wbw`©ó mg‡qi c~‡e© by/before Ges AZxZKv‡ji e¨vcK mg‡qi c‡i After e¨eüZ nq| She will come back in a week. She will come back by 7P.M She came back home after one month. In/On/To: mxgvi g‡a¨ Ae¯’vb †evSv‡Z in mxgvi evB‡i Ae¯’vb †evSv‡Z to Ges mxgvi g‡a¨ Dcwifv‡M Ae¯’vb †evSv‡Z On e¨eüZ nq| Rangpur is in the north of Bangladesh. The Bay of Bengal is to the south of Bangladesh. Tajindong is on the south of Bangladesh. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Basic Grammar

Since/From/For: wbw`©ó mg‡qi c~‡e© Since e‡m Ges Zv me mgq Perfect ev Perfect continuous Tense G eëüZ nq| From me tense-GKB wbw`©ó mg‡qi c~‡e© eëüZ nq Ges for e¨vcK mg‡qi c~‡e© e‡m| Since ej‡Z Point of time Ges For ej‡Z Duration of time ‡evSvq| It has been raining since Monday. It has been raining for a week. It did not rain from January. By/with: †h KvRwU K‡i Zvi c~‡e© by e‡m Ges †h hš¿ ev nvwZqvi eënvi Kiv nq Zvi c~‡e© with e‡m| The snake was killed by the boy with a stick. This letter is written by you with this pen. Between/Among: `yB Gi g‡a¨ †evSv‡j between Ges `yB Gi AwaK n‡j among eëüZ nq| Devid the fruits between Rusel and Rana Distribute the books among all students. Beside/Besides:cv‡k A‡_© beside Ges AwaKš‘ A‡_© Besides eëüZ nq| He sits beside me. Besides the pond I like the house. Above/On/Over: Zj ¯úk© K‡i _vK‡j On Ges Z‡ji Ic‡i _vK‡j Over e‡m| ¯úk©nxb Ae¯’vq _vK‡j above e‡m| The ball is on my head. The shade is over my head. The sky is above us. Under/below: †Kvb Z‡ji wb‡P _vK‡j Under Ges Zj ¯úk K‡i _vK‡j below eëüZ nq| Keep the basket under the table There is a bag below the box. Except/Without: ev` w`‡q ev e¨wZ‡i‡K A‡_© Except Ges Qvov ev †bB A‡_© without eëüZ nq| I like him except his hair style. I can’t do without him. In order to/with a view to : †Kvb wKQy Kivi D‡Ï‡k¨ A_© cÖKvk Ki‡Z GB `ywU Pharse eëüZ nq| Z‡e in order to Gi ci infinitive Ges with a view to Gi c‡i verb Gi ing form eëüZ nq| He went to market in order to buy a shirt. He went to market with a view to observing price.

Unit-6

Number

‡Kvb e¨w³ ev e¯‘i msL¨v‡K Number (ePb) e‡j| boy box baby Woman Ox Child  Knife †hgb t        boys boxes babies Women Oxen Children  Knives kãhyM‡ji cª_gwU‡Z GKwU I wØZxqwU‡Z GKvwaK †evSv‡”Q| G ai‡bi e¨vw³ ev e¯‘i msL¨vB Number. In English, there are singular number and plural number. Singular Number GK e¨w³ ev e¯‘‡K Ges Plural Number G‡Ki AwaK e¨w³ ev e¯‘‡K †evSvq| Number n‡”Q Nouns (book/books), Demonstrative Pronouns (this/these) Ges Personl Pronoun (he/they) Gi GKwU •ewkó¨|

Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Cambrian Learners’ Communicative English

hLb †Kvb e¨w³ ev GKwU e¯‘‡K eySvq ZLb Noun wU Singular Number nq| †hgb A boy, a book, a man BZ¨vw`| A_©vr Singular Number n‡j Noun wUi Av‡M GKwU †evSv‡Z a, an, the, one emv‡Z nq| Avi hLb GKvwaK e¨w³ ev e¯‘ †evSvq ZLb Noun wU Plural Number nq| †hgb t Boys, books, men BZ¨vw`| Noun Gi Singular Number Gi mv‡_ ‘s’ ev ‘es’ hy³ K‡i mvaviYZ Plural Number Kiv nq| Z‡e wKQy k‡ã Gi e¨wZµg jÿ¨ Kiv hvq| †hgb t city-cities, wife-wives, foot-feet, mouse-mice, child-children, agendum-agenda, etc. Common Noun (Boy, Book, Brother) Ges Collective Noun (class, army) Gi Number cwiewZ©Z nq| wKš‘, Proper Noun (Dhaka, Rahim), Material Noun (Oil, Rice) Ges Abstract Noun (Honesty, Kindness) Gi Number Gi cwieZ©b nq bv| Personal I Demonstrative Pronoun Gi †ÿ‡Î Singular Number I Plural Number ¸‡jv wbæiƒ‡c nq| Personal Pronouns Nominative Possessive Objective Demonstrative Pronouns

Unit-7

Singular

Plural

I You he, she, it my, mine your, yours his, her, its me you him, her, it this, that

We You they our, ours your, yours their, theirs us you them these, those

Tense

Tense k‡ãi evsjv A_© ÔKvjÕ| wµqv m¤úbœ nIqvi mgq‡K Tense e‡j| Definition: Tense indicates any of the forms of a verb which may be used to denote the time of action or state expressed by the verb. Look at the sentences below: 1. Bird-watching has been a favourite pastime for many nature lovers. 2. Jerry had been living in the orphanage for about eight years. 3. With time there will not be enough food and shelter for all, let alone education. In the 1st sentence Present tense is used, in the 2nd sentence Past and in the 3rd Future tense is used. GLv‡b D‡jøwLZ evK¨¸‡jvi g‡a¨ cÖ_g evK¨wUi wµqv Ôhas beenÕ w`‡q eZ©gvb mgq, wØZxq evK¨wUi wµqv Ôhad beenÕ w`‡q AZxZ mgq I Z…Zxq ev‡K¨ ‘will’ w`‡q fwel¨r mgq‡K †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q| Thus, to state any event generally three tenses are used. These are – 1. Present Tense Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Basic Grammar

2. Past Tense and 3. Future Tense

Present

Tense

Past

Future

Present Tense: When a verb indicates present action, it is Present Tense. Example: I play football. Past Tense: When a verb indicates past action, it is Past Tense. Example: I played football. Future Tense: When a verb indicates future action, it is Future Tense. Example: I will play football. 1. There are some 90 universities in Britain. 2. Many overseas students are joining publicly funded higher and further education institutions in Britain. 3. Higher education in Britain has experienced a dramatic expansion. 4. Britain has been maintaining good standard in higher education since 1989. Look, all the sentences above are in present tense. But there are differences in the uses of their verbs. Thus, according to use, each Present, Past and Future tense is again sub-divided into four classes – Present Tense 1. Present Indefinite Tense/Simple Present Tense 2. Present Continuous Tense/ Present Progressive Tense 3. Present Perfect Tense 4. Present Perfect Continuous Tense • Past Tense 1. Past Indefinite Tense/Simple Past Tense 2. Past Continuous Tense/ Past Progressive Tense 3. Past Perfect Tense 4. Past Perfect Continuous Tense • Future Tense 1. Future Indefinite Tense/Simple Future Tense 2. Future Continuous Tense/Future Progressive Tense 3. Future Perfect Tense 4. Future Perfect Continuous Tense hw`I Tense †K cÖavbZ wZbfv‡M fvM Kiv n‡q‡Q GLv‡b cÖ`Ë D`vni‡Yi evK¨¸‡jv co‡j ¯úóZB cÖwZqgvb nq †h, Tense †K Present, Past I Future Ñ †KejgvÎ GB wZbwU fv‡M wef³ KivB h‡_ó •

Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Cambrian Learners’ Communicative English

bq| eZ©gv‡b msNwVZ nIqv †Kvb KvR eZ©gvb mg‡q wVK †Kvb Ae¯’vq msNwVZ n‡”Q, AZxZ mg‡qi `yBwU Kv‡Ri g‡a¨ †KvbwU AwaKZi c~e©eZx© mg‡q msNwVZ n‡qwQj A_ev fwel¨‡Z nIqvi KvRwU wK wKQy mgq hver Pj‡Z _vK‡e wKbv Ñ GB mKj welq my¯úófv‡e eY©bv Kivi Rb¨ Present, Past I Future cÖwZwU Tense †K AveviI Pvifv‡M wef³ Kiv n‡q‡Q| Tense

Present

Present Indefinite

Present Continuous

Past Indefinite

Past

Future

Present Perfect

Present Perfect Continuous

Future Indefinite

Continuous

Past

Continuous

Future

Past Perfect

Future Perfect

Future Perfect Continuous

Past Perfect Continuous

Present Indefinite Tense/Simple Present Tense: The tense used to express the present action, event or statement is called Present Indefinite Tense. That means, when the present action of a verb is stated that is Present Indefinite Tense. Example: • I need to study a lot. • I know how awfully boring life can be in a nuclear family. A‡b‡Ki gv‡SB fyj aviYv i‡q‡Q †h eZ©gvb mg‡q †h KvR Pj‡Q Zv‡K Present Indefinite Tense e‡j| wKš‘ cÖK…Zc‡ÿ †h Tense Øviv wPišÍb mZ¨, Af¨vmMZ mZ¨ A_ev mPivPi NUbv eY©bv Kiv nq Zv‡K Present Indefinite Tense e‡j| Structure: Subject + Present form of Verb + Object. They + eat + rice. (sub.) (v.) (obj.) He + eats + rice. (sub.) (v.) (obj.) N. B.: If the subject is 3rd person singular number, s/es will be added with verb. N. B.: Present Indefinite Tense-Gi †ÿ‡Î subject 3rd person singular number n‡j verb Gi mv‡_ s/es †hvM nq| Uses of Present Indefinite Tense/ Simple Present Tense (Present Indefinite Tense

Gi e¨envi) t

1. In Universal Truth (wPišÍb mZ¨ NUbvi †ÿ‡Î) t The earth moves round the sun. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Basic Grammar

2. In Habitual Truth (Af¨vmMZ mZ¨ NUbvi †ÿ‡Î ) t Mother reads the holy Quran everyday. 3. In Historical Truth (HwZnvwmK mZ¨ NUbvi †ÿ‡Î ) t Bangladesh comes into being in 1971. 4. To indicate near future (wbKUZex© fwel¨r eySv‡bvi †ÿ‡Î) t Ramadan begins next month. 5. If there are always, everyday, every month, on Saturdays, occasionally, often, thrice, usually, sometimes etc. words (always, everyday, every month, on Saturdays, occasionally, often, thrice, usually, sometimes GmKj kã m¤^wjZ ev‡K¨) t He visits us on Saturdays. 6. In Proverbs (cÖev` Gi †ÿ‡Î ) t Birds of the same feather flock together. 7. In quotations (Dw³i †ÿ‡Î ) Keats says, "Beauty is truth, truth beauty." 8. In time-table of any function or vehicle (†h‡Kvb hvbevnb ev Abyôv‡bi mgqm~Pxi †ÿ‡Î) t The Simanta inter-city train leaves Khulna at 8 o'clock. 9. In promise (cÖwZÁvi †ÿ‡Î ) t I promise never to come here again. 10. In any directions, instructions or demonstrations (‡Kvb wb‡`©k Gi †ÿ‡Î) t Wait until I come back. Present Continuous Tense/ Present Progressive Tense: The action of a verb which is continuing at present is called Present Continuous Tense. Example: • Many countries are now taking steps to protect their endangered wildlife. • Large extended families are still giving place to small, nuclear families. eZ©gvb mg‡q †Kvb KvR msNwUZ n‡”Q †evSv‡Z Present Continuous Tense e¨eüZ nq| Structure: Subject + Present form of Be Verb (am / is / are) + Base form of Verb + ing + Object. They + are + eat + ing + rice. (sub.) + (be v.) + (v.) + ing + (obj.) Uses of Present Continuous Tense/ Present Progressive Tense: 1. To indicate near future (wbKUeZx© fwel¨r eySv‡bvi †ÿ‡Î) t Father is coming home tomorrow. 2. In habitual act (Af¨vmMZ mZ¨ NUbvi †ÿ‡Î ) t I am playing football even at this old age. 3. In a particular work which is not finished yet (wbw`©ó KvR hv mgvß nqwb Giƒc †evSv‡Z) t Now 1 am reading a play by Shakespeare. 4. In changing condition (cwieZ©bkxj welq eY©bvi †ÿ‡Î ) t The world climate is changing rapidly. 5. To indicate always, continually, constantly, forever (always, continually, constantly, forever BZ¨vw` k‡ãi †ÿ‡Î) t I am going to Italy forever. Note: See, feel, like, love, hate, smell, hear, believe, consist, bring, hope, forgive, desire, want, belong, remember, think, understand, notice, recognize, know, wish etc. verbs are not used in continuous form in Conventional Grammar but these are now used in Modern Grammar to express Present Continuous Tense. Example: (i) I am seeing a bird. (ii) She is feeling unwell. (iii) I am thinking of the matter. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Cambrian Learners’ Communicative English

Present Perfect Tense: The verb which expresses the sense that the work has been completed but the result of that work is still present is called Present Perfect Tense. Example: • In recent years birds have become the barometers of ecological changes around us. • In fact oregami has taken the form of sophisticated art in Japan. †Kvb KvR †kl n‡q †M‡Q wKš‘ Zvi djvdj GL‡bv we`¨gvb Giƒc †evSv‡Z Present Perfect Tense e¨eüZ nq| Structure: Subject+Present form of Have Verb (have/has)+Past Participle form of Verb+Object. They + have + eaten + rice. (sub.) + (have v.) + (p.p.of v.) + (obj.) Uses of Present Perfect Tense: 1. When the action of work is still present though the work is over (KvR †kl n‡q †M‡Q wKš‘ dj eZ©gvb Av‡Q Giƒc †evSv‡bvi †ÿvÎ) t Haji Muhammad Mohsin has helped a lot of people. 2. Before ‘since’ (a fixed time/point of time) and ‘for’ (a long time/period of time) (‘since’ Ges ‘for’ Gi Av‡M) t Rashed has got a bad headache for one hour. 3. In a past tense where time is not mentioned (AZxZ mg‡qi †Kvb KvR †hLv‡b mg‡qi D‡jøL †bB) t I have read Macbeth but 1 have forgotten the most of it. 4. After just, just now, already, yet, never, ever, lately, recently etc, (just, just now, already, yet, never, ever, lately, recently Gme k‡ãi c‡i ) t He has already written the letter. Present Perfect Continuous Tense: The verb which has started before but is still going on is called Present Perfect Continuous Tense. Example: • It has been raining for two hours. • Rina has been living in Dhaka since 1991. ‡h wµqvi KvR AZxZ mg‡q ïiæ n‡q GL‡bv Pj‡Q Zv‡K Present Perfect Continuous Tense e‡j| Structure: Subject+Present form of Have Verb (have/has)+Been+Base form of Verb+ing+Object. They + have + been+ eat + ing+ rice. (sub.) + (have v.)+(been)+ (v.) + ing + (obj.) Use of Present Perfect Continuous Tense: 1. Before ‘since’ (a fixed time/point of time) and ‘for’ (a long time/period of time) (‘since’ Ges ‘for’ Gi Av‡M) t He has been reading the book for two hours. Past Indefinite Tense/Simple Past Tense: The tense which is used to express the past action of a verb is called Past Indefinite Tense. Example: • We gained independence from Pakistan in 1971. • In the pre-industrial feudal society, both husbands and wives worked in the fields outside the home. AZxZ mg‡qi †Kvb KvR eySv‡Z Past Indefinite Tense e¨eüZ nq| Structure: Subject + Past form of Verb + Object. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Basic Grammar

They + (sub.) +

ate + rice. (past of v.) + (obj.)

Uses of Past Indefinite Tense/Simple Past Tense: 1. In historical events (HwZnvwmK NUbv eY©bvi †ÿ‡Î) t Prophet Hazrat Muhammad (Sm) got divine message at the age of forty. 2. In habitual act of past (AZxZ mg‡qi †Kvb Af¨vm eY©bvi †ÿ‡Î) t I used to take exercise in the morning. 3. After ‘it is time’, ‘it is high time’ and past indicating words (‘it is time’, ‘it is high time’ Ges AZxZ wb‡`©kK k‡ãi c‡i) t It is high time we started for the station. 4. To express courtesy, request etc. (courtesy, request BZ¨vw` eySv‡Z) t Would you please help me? Past Continuous Tense/ Past Progressive Tense: The action of a verb which was continuing at the past time is Past Continuous Tense. Example: • He was standing back of his own carelessness. • Some boys were playing football in the field. AZxZ mg‡q †Kvb KvR PjwQj Giƒc eySv‡Z Past Continuous Tense e¨eüZ nq| Structure: Subject + Past form of Be Verb (was / were) + Base form of Verb + ing + Object. They + were + eat + ing + rice. (sub.) + (past of be v.) + (v.) + ing + (obj.) Use of Past Continuous Tense/ Past Progressive Tense: 1. In two past actions which were occurring at the same time. Example (AZxZ Kv‡j msNwUZ `ywU wµqvi †ÿ‡Î hv GKB mg‡q NUwQj eySvq) t Rina was reading and Bina was writing. Past Perfect Tense: If there are two actions at the past time then comparatively previous verb is called Past Perfect Tense. Example: • I had reached the college before the examination began. • He came home after I had finished my work. hw` AZxZ mg‡q `ywU KvR msNwVZ nq Zvn‡j A‡cÿvK…Z c~e©eZx© Kv‡Ri †ÿ‡Î Past Perfect Tense e¨eüZ nq| Structure: Subject + Past form of Have Verb (had) + Past Participle form of Verb + Object. They + had + eaten + rice. (sub.) + (past of have v.) + (p.p.of v.) + (obj.) Uses of Past Perfect Tense: 1. After ‘that’ with Past Indefinite Tense before ‘that’ (Past Indefinite Tense Gi c‡i ‘that’ _vK‡j †mB ‘that’Gi c‡i)t Pallabi said that she had gone to market. 2. After ‘when’ which joins two past actions (`ywU AZxZ KvR‡K ms‡hvRbKvix ‘when’ Gi c‡i) t When our teacher had delivered his lecture, we listened to carefully. 3. To express two past actions, one of which started after the completion of the other in the clause with till, until, as soon as, before, when (`ywU AZxZ KvR m¤^wjZ Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Cambrian Learners’ Communicative English

clause Gi g‡a¨ till, until, as soon as, before, when m¤^wjZ clause †kl nIqvi c‡i Ab¨wU kyiæ n‡j †mB clause Gi †ÿ‡Î) t The students were silent till the teacher had been in the class. 4. In the 1st clause where two clauses are joined with ‘hardly’, ‘no sooner …. Than’, ‘scarcely’ ( `ywU clause ‘hardly’, ‘no sooner …. Than’, ‘scarcely’ Øviv hy³ n‡j cÖ_g clause Gi †ÿ‡Î) t No sooner had he aimed at the bird than it flew away. Past Perfect Continuous Tense: The work which was continuing for a fixed time at the past time is called Past Perfect Continuous Tense. Example: • Jerry had been living in the orphanage since he was four. • She had been reading a novel when I went to meet her. AZx‡Z GKwU wbw`©ó mgq a‡i †Kvb KvR Pj‡Z _vK‡j Zv‡K Past Perfect Continuous Tense e‡j| Structure: Subject + Past form of Have Verb (had) + Been + Base form of Verb + ing + Object. They + had + been + eat + ing + rice. (sub.) + (have v.) + (been)+ (v.) + ing + (obj.) Future Indefinite Tense/Simple Future Tense: When the action of a verb takes place generally at future time it is called Future Indefinite Tense. Example: • During conversation a Latin American will frequently hold the other person’s arm with his hand. • She will go tomorrow. fwel¨Z mg‡q †Kvb KvR msNwVZ n‡e eySv‡j Zv‡K Future Indefinite Tense e‡j| Structure: Subject + Shall/Will + Base form of Verb + Object. They + will + eat + rice. (sub.) + will + (v.) + (obj.) Use of Future Indefinite Tense/Simple Future Tense: 1. After expect, probably, sure, think etc. (expect, probably, sure, think BZ¨vw`i c‡i) t I am sure he will come back. Future Continuous Tense/Future progressive Tense: When a action indicates that a verb will continue after starting at a future time it is called Future Continuous Tense. Example: • I shall be waiting for you. • Mother will be preparing breakfast. fwel¨r mg‡q †Kvb KvR ïiæ n‡q Pj‡Z _vK‡e †evSv‡j Zv‡K Future Continuous Tense e‡j| Structure: Subject + Shall/Will + Be Verb (be) + Base form of Verb + ing + Object. They + will + be + eat + ing + rice. (sub.) + (will) + (be) + (v.) + ing + (obj.) Use of Future Continuous Tense/Future progressive Tense: Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Basic Grammar

1. In a place where future work will continue for a future time (fwel¨r mgq a‡i †Kvb KvR Pj‡Z _vK‡e †evSv‡j) t They will be playing all afternoon. Future Perfect Tense: When it is expected that the work will be finished by a future time, it is called Future Perfect Tense. Example: • I will have reached Khulna by then. • You will have got the letter. fwel¨‡Z †Kvb wbw`©ó mg‡q KvR m¤úbœ n‡e †evSv‡Z Future Perfect Tense e¨eüZ nq| Structure: Subject + Shall/Will + Have Verb (have / has) + Past Participle form of Verb +Object. They + will + have + eaten + rice. (sub.) + (will) + (have v.) + (p.p.of v.) + (obj.) Future Perfect Continuous Tense: The first action of two verbs which will continue for a long tine at future is called Future Perfect Continuous Tense. Example: * We shall have been traveling for 8 hours on the way to Dhaka. * Moon will have been studying for two hours. fwel¨‡Z `xN© mgq a‡i `ywU KvR Pj‡Z _vK‡j cÖ_g KvRwU‡K Future Perfect Continuous Tense e‡j| Structure: Subject + will + Have Verb (have) + Been + Base form of Verb + ing + Object. They + will + have + been + eat + ing + rice. (sub.) + (will)+ (have v.) + (been) + (v.) + ing + (obj.) Tenses and their Structures Present Tense:  Present Indefinite Tense: Subject + present form of verb + object.  Present Continuous Tense: Subject + am/is/are + base form of verb + ing + object.  Present Perfect Tense: Subject + have/has + past participle form of verb + object.  Present Perfect Continuous Tense : Subject + have been/has been + base form of verb + ing + object. (extension: since/for) Past Tense:  Past Indefinite Tense: Subject + past form of verb + object.  Past Continuous Tense: Subject + was/were + base form of verb + ing + object.  Past Perfect Tense: Subject + had + past participle form of verb + object.  Past Perfect Continuous Tense: Subject + had been + base form of verb + ing + object. Future Tense:  Future Indefinite Tense: Subject + will/shall + present form of verb + object.  Future Continuous Tense: Subject + will be/shall be + base form of verb + ing + object. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Cambrian Learners’ Communicative English

 Future Perfect Tense: Subject + will have/shall have + past participle form of verb + object.  Future Perfect Continuous Tense : Subject + will have been/shall have been + base form of verb + ing + object Rules to remember Indefinite: 1. Put the verb according to the tense. Continuous: 1. Put ‘be verb’ before the base form of verb. 2. Add ‘ing’ with the base form of verb. Perfect: 1. Put ‘have verb’ before the base form of verb. 2. Add ‘past participle’ form of the verb. Future Tense: 1. Put ‘will’ after the subject. 2. Put the base form of verb. Details about ‘Be Verb’ and ‘Have Verb’ Be Verb  am, is, are for present tense  was, were for past tense  be can be used as - 1. been (past participle) 2. being (gerund) Have Verb:  have, has for present tense  had for past tense  heving (gerund) Details about ‘Base form of Verb’ and ‘Present form of Verb’ Base form of Verb: The verb which is in its original form without adding any ‘s/es’, ed/en’/t, ‘ing’ etc. If the verb is broken there will be no meaning. Example: go, sleep and so on. Present form of Verb: The verb which is not in its original form, rather there are ‘s/es’, ‘ing’ etc. is a present form of verb. This type of verb can be broken and after breaking the base form will be got. Example: goes (go + es), going (go + ing) and so on. About ‘Person’ and ‘Number’ Person: There are three types of person – 1. First person : I, me, my, mine, we, our, us, myself, ourselves 2. Second person : you, your, yourself, yourselves 3. Third person : All except first person and second person Number: There are two types of number – 1. Singular: Anything means ‘one’. 2. Plural: Anything means ‘more than one’. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Basic Grammar

Unit-8

Subject-Verb Agreement

A Verb which agrees with its subject in number and person is called subject verb agreement. Rules of Agreement 1. Subject 3rd person singular number n‡j present Indefinite Tense-G-verb Gi mv‡_ Ae¯’v Abyhvqx s/es hy³ n‡e| †hgb : (a) Water (pass) through pipe. Ans: passes (b) He (punish) the students sometimes. Ans: punishes 2. `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK subject hw` and w`‡q hy³ nq Ges GKwU Awfbœ fve cÖKvk K‡i Zvn‡j verb wU plural n‡e| †hgb : (a) Rana and Raju (is/are) going to school. Ans: are (b) Time and tide (wait/waits) for none. Ans:wait 3. Z‡e `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK Subject hw` and w`‡q hy³ nq Ges GKwU Awfbœ fve cÖKvk K‡i Zvn‡j verb wU Singular n‡e| (a) Bread and butter (is/are) available everywhere. Ans:is (b) Slow and steady (win/wins) the race. Ans:wins (c) A hue and cry (was/were) raised. Ans:was 4. hw` 2wU Subject, and Øviv hy³ nq Ges and Gi Av‡Mi Subject wU‡Z article _v‡K I c‡ii subject wU‡ZI article _v‡K Zvn‡j g‡b Ki‡Z n‡e DfqUvB wfbœ wfbœ e¨w³ ev e¯‘, myZivs †mB Abyhvqx verb eû ePb n‡e| †hgb : (a) The Headmaster and the Secretary (is/are) coming. Ans: are (b) A blue and a red pen (was/were) lost. Ans: were (c) The poet and the novelist (have/has) come. Ans: have Z‡e hw` and Gi Av‡Mi kãwUi Av‡M Article _v‡K Ges c‡ii kãwUi Av‡M Article bv _v‡K Zvn‡j GKB e¨w³ ev e¯‘ g‡b Ki‡Z n‡e| myZivs †mB Abyhvqx Verb GKePb n‡e| †hgb: (a) The Headmaster and Secretary (is/are) coming. Ans:is (b) The Chairman and Treasurer (have/has) come. Ans: has 5. ev‡Kï Verb Zvi Subject Gi Number I Person Abyhvqx e‡m| hw` Subject wU Singular nq Zvn‡j verb wUI Singular n‡e| Abyiƒcfv‡e Subject hw` Plural nq Zvn‡j verb wUI plural n‡e| (a) They (is/are) eating a banana. Ans: are (b) We (have/has) created this problem. Ans: have 6. hw` ev‡Kï Subject wU Preposition w`‡q hy³ nq Zvn‡j preposition Gi Av‡Mi kã Abyhvqx verb em‡e| †hgbt (a) The presence of so many boys (is/are) encouraging. Ans: is (b) The mangoes in the box (have/has) been rotten. Ans: have 7. hLb †Kvb evK¨ There w`‡q ïiæ n‡e ZLb Zv‡ì Subject wU verb Gi c‡i e‡m wKš‘ me©`vB ¯§iY ivL‡e ev‡Kï verb wU Subject Abyhvqx em‡e| †hgb : (a) There (is/are) a pen on the table. Ans: is (b) There (is/are) a pen, a book and a clock on the table. Ans: are 8. Infinitive, Gerund, Verbal Noun, Phrase Ges Clause hw` ev‡Kï subject nq Zvn‡j verb wU singular n‡e| (a) To err (is/are) human. Ans: is (b) Walking (is/are) the best exercise. Ans: is Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Cambrian Learners’ Communicative English

(c) The reading of novel (is/are) interesting Ans: is (d) That he is honest (is/are) known to all. Ans: is (e) Success at any cost (is/are) his only goal. Ans: is 9. Collective Noun mvaviYZt singular aiv nq myZivs collective noun hw` ev‡Kï subject nq Zvn‡j verb wU Singular nq| †hgb : (a) The army (was/were) defeated. Ans: was (b) The committee (have/has) approved the decision. Ans: has (c) The class (is/are) large. Ans: is Z‡e collective noun hLb noun of multitude (A_©vr mgwóMZfv‡e mKj‡K bv eySvBqv ¯^Zš¿fv‡e eySvq) wnmv‡e eëüZ n‡e ZLb subject wU plural n‡e| †hgb : (a) The Jury (was/were) divided in their opinions. Ans: were (b) The audience (is/are) requested to take their seats. Ans: are (c) The mob (do not/does not) know their mind. Ans: do not 10. Many a Gi c‡ii noun I verb DfqwUB GKePb nq Ges A Many Gi c‡ii noun I verb DfqwU eûePb nq| †hgb : (a) Many a students (have not/has not) yet to school. Ans: (b) A great many boys (are/is) coming come. Ans: 11. A number Gi c‡ii Noun I verb eû ePb nq wKš‘ The number Gi c‡ii noun wU eûePb Avi verb wU GKePb n‡e| †hgb: (a) A number of students (is/are) absent today. Ans: are (b) A number of books (was/were) lost. Ans: are (c) The number of players (is/are) poor. Ans: is 12. Distance (`yiZ¡) evPK kã, cwigvb evPK kã, ‣`N©¨ evPK kã Ges Arithmetical Operation (AsK kv¯¿xq welq) hLb ev‡Kï Subject nq ZLb ev‡Kï verb wU GKePb n‡e| (hwÌ subject wU Plural nq) (a) Ten miles (is/are) a long distance. Ans: is (b) Five maunds (is/are) a heavy weight. Ans: is (c) Two and two (is/are) four. Ans: is 13. Each I Every Gi c‡ii Verb I Noun GKePb n‡e Avi no Gi c‡ii Noun wU hw` GKePb nq Zvn‡j verb GKePb n‡e noun eûePb n‡j verb eûePb n‡e| †hgb: (a) Each boy and each girl (have/has) got an umbrella. Ans: has (b) Every star and every planet (is/are) the handiwork of Allah. Ans: is (c) No bus and no rickshaw (was/were) seen yesterday. Ans: was (d) No friends and no relatives (care/cares) for me. Ans: care 14. hw` ev‡Kï Subject wU and no ev and not Øviv hy³ nq Zvn‡j and no ev and not Gi Av‡Mi subject Abyhvqx verb em‡e| †hgb : (a) A friend, and not an enemy (greet/greets) you. Ans: greets (b) Two pens only, and no book (is/are) required. Ans: are (c) Only Rana and not his brother (is/are) absent. Ans: is 15. †`‡ki bvg, eB‡qi bvg, gvby‡li bvg BZ¨vwì mv‡_ s hy³ _vK‡jB Plural n‡e bv eis Zviv singular Ges Zv‡ì verb wUI Singular n‡e| †hgb : (a) Charles Dickens (is/are) an eminent writer. Ans: is (b) Gulliver’s Travels (is/are) a famous book. Ans: is (c) The United States of America (is/are) a large country. Ans: is 16. Adjective Gi Av‡M The hy³ n‡j ZLb Avi Adjective _v‡K bv †mwU Plural Common Noun n‡q hvq| myZivs †h‡nZz plural nq ZvB verb wU Plural n‡e| (The old, the poor, the virtuous) (a) (Is/are) the poor always happy? Ans: are (b) The meritorious (get/gets) jobs always. Ans: get Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Basic Grammar

17. hLb †Kvb ev‡Kï ïiæ‡Z GKwU Subject AZtci as well as, along with, together with, accompanied by, in addition to ev with Gi †Kvb GKwU _v‡K, AZtci Av‡iKwU Subject _v‡K ZLb cÖ_g Subject Abyhvqx verb em‡e| †hgbt (a) He as well as I (am/is) to blame. Ans: is (b) The principal accompanied by the teachers (have/has) done. Ans: has (c) Rana with his parents (was/were) going to market. Ans: was 18. Aci c‡ÿ hLb Either .............. or, Neither ................. nor, Not only....................... but also `ywU Subject ‡K hy³ Ki‡e ZLb 2q Subject Abyhvqx verb em‡e| (a) Either you or he (have/has) done it. Ans: has (b) Neither Kamal nor his friends (are/is) present. Ans: are (c) Not only he but also I (do not/does not) smoke. Ans: do not 19. Relative Pronoun Gi verb Zvi antecedent (c~e©eZ©x kã) Abyhvqx e‡m| †hgb : (a) It is I who (am/is) to blame. Ans: am (b) This is the boy who (have/has) taken my pen. Ans: has (c) These are the pens which (were/was) lost yesterday. Ans: were 20. News, innings, gallows, bonafides, optics, wages, where about BZ¨vw` kã¸wji mv‡_ s hy³ _vK‡jI Avm‡j kã¸‡jv plural bq eis Zviv singular myZivs G¸wji c‡ii verb me©`vB singular n‡q _v‡K| †hgb : (a) Ill news (run) apace. Ans: runs (b) His whereabouts (is/are) not good. Ans: is (c) The wages of sin (to be) death. Ans: is 21. Aci c‡ÿ Aristocracy, artillery, cattle, clergy, gentry, poultry, folk, Vermin, nobility, people, majority, pesantry, public, audience BZ¨vw` kã¸wji mv‡_ hwÌ eûeP‡bi s †bB ZvB Zv‡ì‡K singular ‡`L‡Z g‡b n‡jI Giv Avm‡j plural myZivs G‡ì c‡ii verb wUI plural n‡e| †hgb : (a) The cattle (is/are) grazing in the field. Ans: are (b) The people of our village (is/are) related to it. Ans: are 22. Physics, Civics, Mathematics, Electronics, Dynamics, Ethics, Economics, BZ¨vw` Subject evPK bvg¸wji hwÌ (S) hy³ Av‡Q Z_vwcI Verb wU GKePb n‡e| †hgb : (a) Economics (is/are) a subject of arts. Ans: is (b) Dynamics (are not/is not) taught here. Ans: is not 23. Spectacles, Scissors, Trousers, Binoculars, Ashes, Alms, Assets, Amends, Auspices, Billiards measles, shears, annals, jaws, BZ¨vw` noun ¸wj plural ZvB G‡ì c‡ii verb I plural n‡e| †hgb : (a) His trousers (are/is) torn out in the accident. Ans: are (b) Her Jaws (have/has) increased her beauty. Ans: have 24. fMœvs‡ki †ÿ‡Î (One-third, One-fourth, Two-seventh) fMœvs‡ki c‡i GKwU of _vK‡e Ges of c‡ii noun hw` GKePb nq Zvn‡j verb GKePb Avi hw` eûePb nq Zvn‡j verb wU eûePb n‡e| †hgb: (a) One-fourth of the work (is/are) done. Ans: is (b) Half of the students (are/is) absent today. Ans: are (c) A lot of students (are/is) present today. Ans: are (d) Three-fourth of the mangoes (is/are) rotten. Ans: are 25. One of, Each of, Every of, None of, Either of, Neither of, Gi c‡ii noun ev Pronoun eûePb n‡jI verb wU GKePb n‡e|†hgb : (a) Each of the boys (is/are) poor. Ans: is (b) None of you (have/has) got a prize. Ans: has Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Cambrian Learners’ Communicative English

26. More than one Gi c‡ii noun I verb DfqwUB GKePb n‡e Avi More than two Gi c‡ii noun I verb DfqwUB plural n‡e wKš‘ one and a half Gi c‡ii noun wU eûePb n‡jI verb wU GKePb n‡e|†hgb : (a) More than one girl (was/were) absent. Ans: was (b) One and a half of the mangoes (is/are) found. Ans: is 27. One in Gi c‡ii verb wU GKePb n‡e Avi Two in Gi c‡ii verb wU eûePb n‡e| †hgb : (a) One in ten boys (have/has) passed in the exam. Ans: has (b) Two in twenty students (are/is) present. Ans: are 28. hLb †Kvb ev‡K¨ 3Uv person GK‡Î cvkvcvwk e‡m ZLb hw` evK¨ Øviv †`v‡li wKQy bv eySvq A_©vr mvaviY Ae¯’v eySvq ZLb 231 wnmv‡e em‡e A_©vr cÖ_‡g 2nd person, Zvici 3rd person Ges Zvici 1st person. wKš‘ evKÜv Øviv hw` †`v‡li wKQy eySvq Zvn‡j 132 Abyhvqx em‡e Ges Dfq †ÿ‡ÎB verb wU plural n‡e|†hgb : (a) You, Rana, and I (is/are) responsible for it. Ans: are (b) I, Rana, and you (is/are) guilty. Ans: are 29. Everybody, Everyone ev Nobody, No one, None ev‡Kï Subject n‡j G‡ì c‡ii verb wU plural n‡e| †hgb : (a) Everybody (hate) a liar. Ans: hates (b) Nobody (is/are) present in the meeting. Ans: is Exercise-1 (a) The man who quarrels with his brother (is/are) not loved by anybody. (b) I know where the house of the brothers (is/are). (c) These acts of the king (is/are) very unpopular (d) To honour our superior (is/are) his duty. (e) To walk in the morning (is/are) the best exercise. (f) Twenty shillings (make/makes) one pound. (g) The pleasures of sin (is/are) short. (h) That he will come (is/are) uncertain. (i) What is said (is/are) words. (j) Early to bed and early to rise (make/makes) a man healthy wealthy and wise. (k) Curry and rice (is/are) my favorite food. (l) The people with their beloved leader (is/are) going to the field. Exercise-2 (a) I am the man who (help) you. (b) It was I who (am/is/are) your teacher. (c) You are the man who (is/are) to suffer for it. (d) The number of students in this college (to be) increasing. (e) Neither he nor you (is/are) guilty. (f) His bonafides (is/are) in doubt. (g) No news (mean/means) good news. (h) The good (is/are) the winners. (i) He is one of the students who (is/are) encouraged by all. (j) Each house, each tree, each room (look/looks) nice. (k) My brother and not I (have/has) done it. (l) No man, no woman and no child (is/are) safe. (m) Sixty seconds (make/makes) are a minute. (n) The eminent critic and the statesman (have/has) said so. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Basic Grammar

Unit-9

Use of The Right Form of The Verb

1. hw` †Kvb Sentence Present Indefinite Tense- G †Ìqv _v‡K Ges D³ Sentence- Gi Subject hw` 3rd person singular A_©vr He, she, it, Ges Singular noun BZ¨vw` nq Zvn‡j Principal verb Gi mv‡_ ‘s’ ev ‘es’ hy³ n‡e| †hgb : She (make) a cup of tea. Ans. She makes a cup of tea. The boy (catch) a bird. Ans. The boy catches a bird. 2. hw` †Kvb Sentence G Be verb bv _v‡K ‡m‡ÿ‡Î Negative ev Interrogative Kivi mgq Present Indefinite Tense G 3rd person singular subject Gi Rb¨ does eënvi Ki‡Z n‡e Ges ZLb gyj verb Gi ‘s’ ev ‘es’ Zz‡j w`‡Z n‡e| Ab¨vb¨ Subject Gi ‡ejvq do eëüZ n‡e| Past Indefinite Tense n‡j me subject Gi mv‡_B did eëüZ n‡e Ges ZLb gyj verb Gi present form eëüZ n‡e| †hgb : She (makes) a cup of tea. She made a cup of tea. Does she make a cup of tea? (Int.) She did not make a cup of tea. (Neg.) Did she make a cup of tea? (Int.) She does not make a cup of tea. (Neg.) 3. †h me Interrogative Sentence G What, Where, Who, Which, Whose, Why, How, cÖf„wZ WH-word _v‡K †m¸‡jvi Subject Gi cy‡e© Tense I Person Abyhvqx do, does, did ev Ab¨vb¨ Auxiliary verb e‡m| †hgb : Why she (makes) a cup of tea? Ans. Why does she make a cup of tea? Why she (made) a cup of tea? Ans. Why did she make a cup of tea? Why she (is making) a cup of tea? Ans. Why is she making a cup of tea? 4. ‡Kvb Sentence Gi Øviv Universal truth (wPišÍb mZ¨), Habitual fact (Af¨vmMZ Kg©) cÖKvk †c‡j Present Indefinite Tense nq| Example: The earth (move) round the sun. Ans. The earth moves round the sun. 5. †Kvb Sentence Gi g‡a¨ eZ©gv‡b Pj‡Q Ggb wb‡`©kK †Kvb Bw½Z (†hgb now, at this moment) _vK‡j Present Continuous Tense nq| †hgb : The girl (sing) a song at this moment. Ans. The girl is singing a song at this moment. 6. mvaviYZ Always, regularly, sometimes, often, generally, daily, everyday, occasionally, usually, normally BZ¨vw` †Kvb Sentence G _vK‡j Zv Present Indefinite Tense nq| ‡hgb : He always (make) a noise in the class. Ans. He always makes a noise in the class. She (learn) her lesson regularly. Ans. She learns her lesson regularly. 7. mvaviYZ Just, just now, already, yet, ever, lately, recently †Kvb Sentence G _vK‡j Present Perfect Tense nq| †hgb : I (got) it recently. Ans. I have got it recently. I already (do) the work. Ans. I have already done the work. You (see) her lately? Ans. Have you seen her lately? You ever (be) to Cox’s Bazar? Ans. Have you ever been to Cox’s Bazar? 8. †Kvb Sentence G AZxZ wb‡`©kK kã ev Phrase †hgb: ago, long since, yesterday, last night BZ¨vw` _vK‡j verb Gi Past form n‡e| †hgb : My father (come) home yesterday. Ans. My father came home yesterday. I (see) you long ago. Ans. I saw you long ago. 9. Since hy³ Sentence Gi cÖ_g Ask Past Indefinite Tense n‡j c‡ii Ask Past Perfect Tense n‡e| †hgb : It was twenty years since the author first (meet) his lady guest. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Cambrian Learners’ Communicative English

Ans. It was twenty years since the author had first met his lady guest. 10. Since hy³ Sentence Gi cÖ_g Ask Present Indefinite Tense/Present Perfect Tense n‡j cieZ©x Ask Past Indefinite n‡e| †hgb : It is many years since I (come) to Dhaka. Ans. It is many years since I came to Dhaka. 11. †Kvb Simple Sentence G `yÕwU verb _vK‡j cieZ©x Verb Gi mv‡_ ‘ing’ hy³ Ki‡Z nq| Avi cieZx© verb-Gi Øviv D‡Ïk¨ eySv‡j Gi mvg‡b to eënvi Ki‡Z nq| †hgb : I saw him (go) home. Ans. I saw him going home. I went to market (buy) a book. Ans. I went to market to buy a book. 12. Would that Øviv †Kvb Sentence ïiæ n‡j Subject Gi c‡i Could e‡m| †hgb : Would that I (go) to college again. Ans. Would that I could go to college again. 13. †Kvb Sentence G lest _vK‡j Gi c‡i †h subject _v‡K Zvi c‡i Should/Might e‡m| We started early lest we (miss) the train. Ans. We started early lest we should miss the train. 14. While Gi ci ciB hw` †Kvb verb eëüZ nq Zvn‡j D³ verb Gi mv‡_ ing hy³ Ki‡Z nq| wKš‘ While Gi c‡i hw` Subject _v‡K Zvn‡j Gi c‡ii AskwU Present Continuous Tense/Past Continuous Tense n‡e| ‡hgb : I saw a bird while (walk) in the garden. Ans. I saw a bird while walking in the garden. I saw a bird while I (walk) in the garden. Ans. I saw a bird while I was walking in the garden. Do not make a noise while your father (sleep). Ans. Do not make a noise while your father is sleeping. 15. †Kvb Sentence -G It is time, it is high time, wish, fancy eëüZ n‡j Gi cieZ©x verb Gi Past form eëüZ n‡e| †hgb: It is time we (send) our children to school. It is time we sent our children to school. I wish I (sing) a song. I wish I sang a song. I fancy I (turn) a trifle pale. I fancy I turned a trifle pale. 16. As if / as though hy³ sentence -Gi cÖ_g Ask Present Indefinite Tense G n‡j cieZ©x AskwU Past Indefinite Tense n‡e| Avi hw` G‡ì cÖ_g Ask Past Indefinite Tense nq Zvn‡j c‡ii Ask Past Perfect Tense n‡e| †hgb : He speaks as though he (knows) it well. Ans. He speaks as though he knew it well. He spoke as though he (know) it well. Ans. He spoke as though he had known it well. 17. As though, as if, wish †Kvb Sentence G eëüZ n‡j G‡ì cieZ©x‡Z to be verb Gi cÖ‡qvRb n‡j were e‡m| †hgb : I wish I (to be) a great poet. Ans. I wish I were a great poet. I wish today (be) Friday. Ans. I wish today were Friday. 18. †Kvb Sentence G To be Ges Having eëüZ n‡j G‡ì c‡ii verb Gi Past Participle e‡m| †hgb : I want the work to be (do). Ans. I want the work to be done. The thief ran away having (take) the bag. Ans. The thief ran away having taken the bag. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Basic Grammar

19. Mind, worth, without, past, can not help, with a view to, look forward to, would you mind, get used to Ges preposition _vK‡j c‡ii verb Gi mv‡_ ing hy³ Ki‡Z n‡e| We went there with a view to (buy) some books. Ans. We went there with a view to buying some books. Without (read) more you cannot make a good result. Ans. Without reading more you cannot make a good result. I am past (care) what happens. Ans. I am past caring what happens. I can’t help (laugh). Ans. I can’t help laughing. 20. †Kvb Sentence G No sooner had ………... than, Scarcely had ............. when, Hardly had …......... before _vK‡j cÖ_g verb Gi Past participle n‡e| Gi cieZ©x verb Gi Past form n‡e| †hgb : No sooner had he (reach) the station than the train (leave). No sooner had he reached the station than the train left. Scarcely had he (reach) the stadium when it (rain). Scarcely had he reached the stadium when it rained. 21. Had better, had rather, would better, would rather, let, must, need, dare, make Gi c‡i verb Gi present form e¨eüZ nq Ges verb Gi Av‡M to e‡m bv| ‡hgb : I will not let you (to do) the work alone. Ans. I will not let you do the work alone. You had better (to go) home. Ans. You had better go home. He made me (to do) it. Ans. He made me do it. You would rather (to go) there. Ans. You would rather go there. 22. Before Gi Av‡M Ges After Gi c‡i Past Perfect Tense nq Ges Ab¨ clause wU Past Indefinite Tense nq| †hgb : The patient (die) before the doctor (come). The patient had died before the doctor came. The Patient (die) after the doctor (come). The patient died after the doctor had come. 23. If + Present Indefinite Tense + Future Indefinite. †hgb : If it rains, I (not go). Ans. If it rains, I will not go. 24. If + Past Indefinite Tense+ would/could/might Gi c‡i gyj verb Gi Present form n‡e| †hgb : If it rained, I (may not go). Ans. If it rained, I might not go. 25. If + Past Perfect Tense + would have/could have/might have Gi c‡i gyj verb Gi Past participle em‡e| †hgb : If it had rained, I might have (miss) the train. Ans. If it had rained, I might have missed the train. 26. †Kvb Sentence G hw` can, could, may, might, shall, should, will, would cÖf„wZ Modal Auxiliary Verb _v‡K Zvn‡j g~j Verb Gi Present form e¨eüZ nq| †hgb: He can (did) the work. Ans. He can do the work. 27. Indirect Speech G Reporting Verb Gi hw` Past Tense _v‡K Zvn‡j eÜbx¯’ Verb G Abyiƒc Past Tense nq| ‡hgb : Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Cambrian Learners’ Communicative English

He said that he (go) to Dhaka yesterday. Ans. He said that he had gone Dhaka yesterday. 28. ‡Kvb Sentence hw` Had+ Subject +Past participle Øviv ïiæ nq Zvn‡j Gi Aci clause wU Perfect conditional n‡q _v‡K| Gi Subject Gi c‡i Would have /Could have/Might have e‡m Ges eÜbx¯’ Verb wUi Past participle nq| †hgb : Had I known this before, I (inform) it in time. Ans. Had I known this before, I would have informed it in time. 29. Tomorrow, next day, latter etc. _vK‡j Future Indefinite Tense n‡e| †hgb: The next day (be) holiday. Ans. The next day will be holiday. 30. Have, get, want, etc-Gi object (Noun/Pronoun)-Gi ci verb –Gi past participle e‡m| †hgbt I get my hair (dress). Ans. I get my hair dressed. I have the work (finish). Ans. I have the work finished

Unit-10

Voice

What is voice? Voice is the form of the verb which indicates whether the subject does the work or something has been done to it. [wµqv cÖKv‡ki fw½gv‡KB voice ev evP¨ e‡j| wµqvi cÖKvk fw½ e‡j †`q KZ©v KvRwU wb‡R Ki‡Q, bv KZ©vi Øviv †Kvb KvR m¤úbœ n‡”Q|] Ab¨fv‡e ejv hvq-Voice n‡”Q verb- Gi †mB iƒc (form) hv Subject wb‡R K‡i-bv A‡b¨i Øviv K…Z Kv‡Ri dj MÖnY K‡i Zv †`wL‡q _v‡K| There are three kinds of voices (evP¨ wZb iK‡gi) i. Active voice ii. Passive voice iii. Quasi-passive voice. Active voice: When the subject of a sentence is the doer or actor, the verb is in Active voice. It is so because the subject is active. ( KZ©v hLb wb‡RB wµqvi KvR m¤úbœ K‡i, ZLb wµqv Active voice-G _v‡K| KviY ZLb Subjcet ev KZ©v Active mwµq|) I read a book. She cooks food etc. Passive Voice: When the subject of a sentence is acted upon, the verb is in passive voice. It is so because the subject is passive. [KZ©vi Øviv hLb †Kvb KvR m¤úbœ nq, ZLb wµqvi Passive voice nq| GLv‡b Kv‡Ri Zzjbvq KZ©vi ¸iæZ¡ K‡g hvq|] A book is read by me. Food is cooked by her. Rules for changing Active voice into Passive: Rule 1: The object of the verb in the Active voice becomes the subject of the verb in the passive voice. [Active voice- Gi object (Kg©) Passive voice-Gi Subject (KZ©v) nq|] Rule 2: The subject of the verb in the Active voice becomes the object in the passive voice generally preceded by the preposition by. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Basic Grammar

[Active voice Gi subject wU Passive voice-Gi object-G cwiYZ nq Ges Zvi c~‡e© mvaviYZ t by e‡m|] Rule 3: The main verb is changed into the past participle form and it is preceded by the correct form of the verb ‘to be’ in passive voice. [ Active voice-Gi g~j verb wU Passive voice-G Past Participle-G cwiewZ©Z nq Ges Zvi c~‡e© ‘to be’ verb Gi cÖ‡qvRbxq form emv‡Z nq|] Rule 4 : There are some verbs with two objects. In such cases either of the objects can be changed into the subject and the other is retained as an object. This object is called retained object. [Active voice-G hw` †Kvb verb-Gi `ywU object _v‡K, Zvn‡j GKwU object-‡K Subject K‡i AciwU‡K Object iƒ‡c ivL‡Z nq| Passive-G †hwU Object iƒ‡c †_‡K hvq, Zv‡K Retained object e‡j| GLv‡b D‡jøL¨ Passive Kivi mgq Indirect Object †K Subject evwb‡q Passive Voice KivB fvj|] He gives me a flower. Indirect obj. Direct object Rule 5 : Double passive should be avoided in a simple sentence or in a single clause as it is liable to give a wrong meaning. But in changing the voice of complex sentences the voices of both the principal and subordinate clause should be changed. [‡Kvb simple sentence-G ev †Kvb GKwU clause-G Double passive Kiv DwPZ bq, KviY G‡Z ev‡K¨i A_© fyj n‡q hvq| Aek¨ complex sentence-G Principal Ges subordinate `ywU clauseGiB passive Ki‡Z nq|] Verb Patterns of Passive Voice Tense Abyhvqx Passive voice-G verb Gi MVb Tense Simple present

to be / to have am /is /are + verb p.p

Simple past

was / were + verb p.p

Simple future Present continuous Past continuous

shall be / will be +verb p.p am being / is being / are being +verb p.p was being / were being + verb p.p

Future continuous

shall be being / will be being +verb p.p

Present perfect

have been / has been +verb p.p

example Active: He does the work. Passive: The work is done by him. Active: He did the work Passive: The work was done by him. Active: He will do the work. Passive: The work will be done by him

Active: He is doing the work.

Passive: The work is being done by him.

Active: He was doing the work. Passive: The work was being done by him. Active: He will be doing the work. Passive: The work will be being done by him. Active: He has done the work. Passive: The work has been done by

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Cambrian Learners’ Communicative English

Past perfect

had been + verb p.p

Future perfect

shall have been / will have been +verb p.p

Going to future am/is/are going to be + verb p.p Present infinitive

to be + verb p.p

him.

Active: He had done the work. Passive: The work had been done by him. Active: He will have done the work. Passive: The work will have been done by him. Active: He is going to build a house Passive: A house is going to be built by him. Active: He wants me to do the work. Passive: He wants the work to be done by me.

[Objective forms of pronouns to remember] Subject Object Subject Object form form form form I me He him We us She her You you They them Passive voice with double objects `ywU Object hy³ sentence-Gi †h †Kvb GKwU Object †K Subject wnmv‡e MÖnY K‡i active voice †_‡K Passive voice- G cwieZ©b Kiv hvq| †hgb t He gave me a book. (Active) A book was given me by him. Or I was given a book by him (Passive) N.B. mvaviYZt give, send, show, lend, pay, promise, refuse, tell BZ¨vw` verb Gi †ÿ‡Î `ywU Object-eëüZ nq| i. Active voice Gi †ÿ‡Î Object Gi g‡a¨ hw` GKwUi c~‡e© Preposition _v‡K, H‡ÿ‡Î ObjectGi c~‡e© Preposition hy³ Object wU Passive voice-Gi Subject wn‡m‡e eëüZ nq bv| †hgb t He did a lot of things for me. (Active) A lot of things were done for me by him. (Passive) ii. Explain Ges suggest G `ywU verb Gi †ÿ‡Î eëüZ Indirect Object, Passive voice G subject wn‡m‡e eëüZ nq bv| †hgb: He explained the problem to the students. (Active) The problem was explained to the students by him. (Passive) They suggested a plan to us. (Active) A plan was suggested to us by them. (Passive) iii. Some prepositional verbs are mainly used in the active voice. They cannot be used in the passive ‡hgbt Everybody agreed with me. (not I was agreed with everybody) We walked into the room (not the room was walked by us. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Basic Grammar

Imperative Sentences: If the verb in the Active voice expresses orders, request, advice etc, the word, ‘Let’ is usually placed at the beginning of the passive voice and the ‘be’ is placed before the past Participle of the main verb. But if the sentence begins with ‘please’ in Active voice, ‘You are requested to’ is used in the passive voice. In such cases an intransitive verb many also be changed into passive with ‘you are requested to’. Another form of the passive is with the verb ‘should’ and ‘be’. [Imperative Sentence-G Av‡`k, Aby‡iva, Dc‡`k BZ¨vw` †evSv‡j ev‡Kï cÖ_‡g Let †hvM K‡i Passive Kiv nq Ges gyj Verb Gi Past participle-Gi c~‡e© ‘be’ hy³ nq| wKš‘ Imperative sentence-G Active voice G hw` Please K_vwU _v‡K, Zvn‡j Passive voice G ‘You are requested to’ K_v¸wj eëüZ nq| Avevi hwÌ mvaviYZt Intransitive verb AKg©K wµqvi Passive voice nq bv, Zey Giƒc †ÿ‡Î Please _vK‡j ‘You are requested to’ ‡hvM K‡i ZviI Passive Voice Kiv hvq| Examples: Active Passive 1. Do this work. Let this work be done. 2. Open the door. Let the door be opened. 3. Please do not You are requested not to smoke. smoke. 4. Keep your word. Your word should be kept. 5. Love the children The children should be loved. N.B: Let hy³ Imperative Sentence Gi †ÿ‡Î AwZwi³ Let-Gi eënv‡ii cÖ‡qvRb nq bv| †hgb : Let him do it (Active) Let it be done by him. (Passive) Imperative Sentence -Gi cÖ_‡g Please eëüZ n‡j †m †ÿ‡Î Passive voice-G Sentence-Gi cÖ_‡g you are requested to eëüZ nq| †hgb: Active : Please come here Passive:You are requested to come here. Active: Please put the book on the desk. Passive:You are requested to put the book on the desk. Active voice Gi gyj verb Gi c~‡e© auxiliary verb wnmv‡e may, might, should, would, can, could, must, ought to ev going to eëüZ n‡j, †m‡ÿ‡Î Passive voice G G‡ì c‡i be e‡m Ges gyj verb Gi Past participle form eëüZ nq| †hgb : Active: He is going to build a house. Passive: A house is going to be built by him. Interrogative Sentences An interrogative sentence in Active voice keeps its interrogative form in its passive voice. If the Interrogative sentence begins with the Auxiliary verb do, the process of changing is convenient by changing it into assertive first and then into Interrogative. But if the Interrogative sentence does not begin with do, or begins with a wh-word it can be directly changed into passive. (Active voice Gi †ÿ‡Î eëüZ Auxiliary verb do ev does Gi cwie‡Z© am, is, are, did-Gi cwie‡Z© Was/were, shall/will Gi cwie‡Z© Shall be/will be Ges Has I Have Gi cwie‡Z© Has been/Have been e‡m|) Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Cambrian Learners’ Communicative English

i. Do you see the bird? [Assertive: You see the bird → The bird is seen by you] Is the bird seen by you? (Passive) i. Did you see the man? Assertive: You saw the man → The man was seen by you] Was the man seen by you? (Passive) Wh’ Questions: i. Who taught you English? (Active) By whom were you taught English? (Passive) ii. What do you want? (Active) What is wanted by you? (Passive) iii. Whom did you call? (Active) Who was called by you? (Passive) Reflexive-Objective †hgb : myself, himself, ourselves, themselves hy³ Sentence ‡K Passive form –G cwieZ©‡bi mgq Subject ev Object Gi †ÿ‡Î †Kvb cwieZ©b nq bv| ïay gvÎ Active voice –Gi verb wbqg Abyhvqx Passive form Gi verb G cwiewZ©Z nq Ges Reflexive objective Gi c~‡e© by e‡m| Active: He killed himself Passive: He was killed by himself. Active: You should help yourself. Passive: You should be helped by yourself. Passive voice of intransitive verb mvaviYZt intransitive verb –Gi Passive form nq bv| wKš‘ cognate object hy³ intransitive verb-Gi Passive form nq| Active: He ran a race. Passive: A race was run by him. Note: KLbI KLbI intransitive verb – Gi c‡i verb Gi mgv_©K word-Object wn‡m‡e eëüZ nq| Intransitive verb Gi Giƒc Object †K Cognate Object e‡j| Preposition hy³ group verb ¸‡jv transitive verb –Gi b¨vq KvR K‡i e‡j G‡ì‡K Passive voice-G iƒcvšÍwiZ Kiv hvq| †hgbt Active: He looks at the picture. Passive: The picture is looked at by him. Active: We talked of them. Passive: They were talked of by us. Quasi-Passive voice (Kg©KZ©„evP¨) Quasi-Passive voice is active in form but passive in sense. It may be changed in the passive form in the following way. (‡h mKj verb-Active verb wn‡m‡e eëüZ n‡q Passive A_© cÖKvk K‡i Zv‡ì‡K Quasi passive verb e‡j| Quasi passive verb `yB cÖKvi| h_v: (i) With a complement Active: Honey tastes sweet. Passive: Honey is sweet when it is tasted. (GLv‡b taste-verb-Gi Complement n‡jv sweet) Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Basic Grammar

(ii) Without a complement: Active: The house is building. Passive: The house is being built. Active: The book is printing. Passive: The book is being printed. Passive voice of complex sentences In changing the voice of complex sentences the voices of both the principal and the subordinate clauses should be changed. The introductory it may also be sometimes used in such cases. (Complex sentence- Gi †ÿ‡Î Principal Ges subordinate Dfq Clause –Gi verb-Passive form-G cwiewZ©Z nq| G‡ÿ‡Î A‡bK mgq Introductory-‘It’ passive formG Subject wnmv‡e eëüZ n‡Z cv‡i| Dfq clause-Gi Subject hw` GKB nq, Zvn‡j ïaygvÎ †k‡li clause Gi c‡i subject, by ‡hv‡M object-G cwiewZ©Z nq| Active: We know that Columbus discovered America. Passive: It is known to us that America was discovered by Columbus. Active: I know that he will do the work. Passive: It is known to me that the work will be done by him. Complex sentence-Gi Active voice-G GKwU cy‡iv clause hw` Subject ev Object wn‡m‡e eëüZ nq, Zvn‡j passive voice-G cy‡iv clause wUB Subject ev Object wn‡m‡e eëüZ nq| †hgb : Active: I know what he thinks. Passive: What is thought by him is known to me Active: One should read only what one likes. Passive: What is liked should be read (by one) The uses of passive voice 1. When it is not necessary to say who performed the action. A_©vr KvRwU †h K‡i‡Q †hLv‡b Zvi D‡jø‡Li cÖ‡qvRb †bB, †mLv‡b verb-Gi passive form eëüZ nq| †hgb : The appointment letter was issued today. Mr. Kamal was told to come to the office. Jute is grown in Bangladesh. 2. When it is preferable not to mention the performer or doer, A_©vr KvRwU †h K‡i‡Q †hLv‡b Zvi D‡jøL mgxPxb g‡b Kiv nq bv, †mLv‡b verb-Gi Passive form eëüZ nq| †hgb : A notice was pasted on the gate. I was informed of the news earlier. 3. When we wish to emphasise the receiver of the action rather than the performer or doer. A_©vr †hLv‡b KZ©vi PvB‡Z wµqvi Kg©‡K †ewk cÖvavb¨ †`qv nq †mLv‡b verb-Gi Passive form eëüZ nq| †hgb : He is said to have earned a lot of money He was congratulated on his success. 4. To describe social and historical significance and events. A_©vr D‡jøL‡hvM¨ mvgvwRK ev HwZnvwmK NUbvi D‡jø‡Li †ÿ‡Î verb-Gi Passive form eëüZ nq| †hgb : The battle was fought at Plassey. America was discovered by Columbus. 5. In invitations, requests and announcements. A_©vr Avgš¿Y, Aby‡iva Ges †NvlYv Kivi †ÿ‡Î verb-Gi Passive form eëüZ nq| †hgb : Passengers are requested not to smoke in the bus. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Cambrian Learners’ Communicative English

You are invited to attend the party. Students are requested not to make a noise. 6. In newspaper reports. A_©vr msev`c‡Î †Kvb NUbvi weeiY w`‡Z verb-Gi passive form e¨eüZ nq| †hgb : Chittagong port was lashed by cyclone last night. The goal was scored in the 14 minute of the first half. Cox’s bazar was flooded by a tidal surge. 7. To inform the ending of any activities. A_©vr †Kvb Kv‡Ri †kl ev djvdj eySv‡Z| †hgb : The meeting was prosponed. 8. In a passive form we can mention the person or the thing that does the action after the word ‘by’ †hgb : He was insulted by a silly woman. 9. Receiver A_©vr fy³‡fvMxi Dci †Rvi eySv‡j| †hgb : A boy was knocked down by a car. 10. A passive sentence is more formal than an active one. †hgb : Active: We are going to introduce a new system soon in our education. (Informal comment). Passive: A new system is going to be introduced soon in our education (formal statement) N.B: Appear, belong, comprise, disappear, despair, occur, ensure, result, wonder, perish, refer, issue, indulge BZ¨vw` Verb ¸wj‡K Verb Intransitive e‡j| G‡`i Passive Voice mvaviYZ nq bv| Passive voice with different preposition Active: I know the fact. Passive: The fact is known to me. (not by me) Active: His conduct shocked me. Passive: I was shocked at his conduct. Active: The novels of Tolstoy interest me. Passive: I am interested in the novels of Tolstoy. Active: Light filled the room. Passive: The room was filled with light. Some peculiarities in voice Active: One should keep one’s promise. Passive: A promise should be kept. Active: Some one built this building in 2000. Passive: This building was built in 2000 Active: He considers me honest. Passive: I am considered honest by him. Active: We ought to help the poor. Passive: The poor ought to be helped by us. Active: I may help you. Passive: You may be helped by me. Active: It is time to do your duty. Passive: It is time for your duty to be done.

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Basic Grammar

Unit-11

Narration/Speech

What is Narration: The speech of the speaker is called Narration. Bs‡iwR‡Z Speech ev Narration `yB cÖKvi| h_v : (i) Direct Speech ev Direct Narration : e³vi Dw³‡Z AweKj Zvi wb‡Ri fvlvq e¨³ Kiv‡K Direct Speech ev Direct Narration e‡j| †hgb t Karim says to me, æI am ill”. (ii) Indirect Speech ev Indirect Narration: e³vi Dw³‡K ûeû D×„Z bv K‡i A_© wVK †i‡L A‡b¨i fvlvq cÖKvk Kiv‡K ejv nq Indirect Speech ev Indirect Narration. ‡hgb t Karim says to me that he is ill. Reported Speech I Reporting Verb Karim says to me, æ I am ill.” (Principal Clause) (Subordinate clause) Direct Speech Gi Subordinate Clause ev Inverted Comma-i g‡a¨ e³vi K_v¸‡jv‡K Reported Speech e‡j| †hgbt " I am ill Karim says to me, reported speech Direct Speech Gi principal clause ev inverted Comma-i evB‡i †h Verb Gi mvnv‡h¨ e³vi K_v¸‡jv cÖKvk Kiv nq Zv‡K Reporting Verb e‡j| †hgb t Karim says to me, æ I am ill” Reporting verb Direct speech †_‡K Indireect speech- G cwieZ©‡bi mgq †h mKj †ÿ‡Îi cwieZ©b N‡U †m¸‡jv n‡”Q| (i) Reporting verb Gi cwieZ©b| (ii) Reported speech Gi Person I Tense Gi cwieZ©b| (iii) Reporting verb Ges Reported speech-Gi gv‡S Conjunction wn‡m‡e That, whether, if ev to Gi e¨envi| (iv) ‣bKU¨ I `yiZ¡ m~PK word mg~‡ni cwieZ©b| Person-G cwieZ©b wb‡æv³fv‡e n‡q _v‡K| (i) Reported speech-Gi Subject (1st person n‡j Zv) Pincipal clause –Gi Subject Abyhvqx cwieZ©b nq| (ii) Reported speech-Gi Subject 2nd person n‡j Zv Principal clause Gi Object Abyhvqx cwieZ©b nq| (iii) Reported speech-Gi Subject 3rd person n‡j Zvi †Kvb cwieZ©b Ki‡Z nq bv| Reporting verb

Present/Future Past Past Past

Tense-Gi cwieZ©b wb‡æv³ fv‡e n‡q _v‡K| Reported speech cwieZ©b n‡q n‡e Present/Future/Past ‡Kvb cwieZ©b †bB Present Indefinite Past indefinite Past Indifinite Past Perfect. Present Perfect Past Perfect

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Cambrian Learners’ Communicative English

Past Past Past Past Past Past

Present Continuous Past Coninuous/Present Perfect Continous Universal truth Shall, will, can, may Would, could, might, ought to, used to Must

Past Continuous Past Perfect Continuous ‡Kvb cwieZ©b n‡e bv Would, could, might ‡Kvb cwieZ©b n‡e bv had to

Reporting verb wU hw` Past tense _v‡K, Z‡e wbæwjwLZ •bKU¨m~PK kã¸‡jv Direct Speech ‡_‡K Indirect Speech-G `yiZ¡ myPK k‡ã cwiewZ©Z nq| †hgb : Direct This Today/tonight/ the same day/ the same night These Here ago come next week now tomorrow yesterday last month/year/week thus hence

Indirect That That day/that night Those There before go the following week then the next day/the following day the previous day/the day before previous month/year/week so thence

Assertive Sentence †K Indirect Narration G cwieZ©b Direct - Karim says to me, æ I am ill.” Indirect - Karim says to me that he is ill. Direct - Karim said to me, æI am writing a letter.” Indirect - Karim said to /told me that he was writing a letter. Direct - Jahid will say, æI do the sum”. Indirect - Jahid will say that he does the sum. Direct - The teacher said, æIce floats on water”. Indirect - The teacher said that ice floats on water. Interrogative sentence †K Indirect Narration G cwieZ©b Indirect Narration-G Reporting Verb, ask, enquire of, demand of , wonder ev want to know BZ¨vw`‡Z cwiewZ©Z nq| Interrogative sentence wU hw` Who, Which, What, Why, Where, How Øviv ïiæ n‡j Zvi †Kvb cwieZ©b nq bv| Direct - My friend said to me, æ What did you want?” Indirect - My friend wanted to know what I had wanted. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Basic Grammar

Interrogative sentence wU hw` auxiliary verb w`‡q ïiæ nq Z‡e conjunction that Gi ¯’‡j if ev whether e‡m| (mvaviYZ choice eySv‡Z whether e‡m|) Direct - Rafiq said to me, æDo you need any help?” Indirect - Rafiq asked me if I needed any help. Imperative sentence †K Indirect Narration G cwieZ©b Reported Speech Gi A_© I fvevbymv‡i Indirect Narration G Reporting verb- ask, order, request, advise, command, beg, BZ¨vw`‡Z cwiewZ©Z nq| Affirmative sentence Gi †ÿ‡Î Imperative sentence-Gi verb Gi c~‡e© to Ges negative sentence-Gi †ÿ‡Î Imperative sentence-Gi Verb Gi c~‡e© not to e‡m| †hgb t Direct - Rahim said to his servant, æDo as I tell you.” Indirect - Rahim ordered his servant to do as he told him. Direct - The doctor said to the patient, æDon’t smoke.” Indirect - The doctor adivsed the patient not to smoke. Direct - He said to his friend, æPlease open the window.” Indirect - He requested his friend politely to open the window. Imperative beginning with ‘Let’ 1. Let w`‡q m~wPZ Imperative sentence Gi Direct speech Øviv hw` †Kvb Proposal ev Suggestion e¨³ Kiv nq †m‡ÿ‡Î Reporting Verb wU Propose ev Suggest G cwiewZ©Z nq| Reported speech Gi c~‡e© Conjunction ‘that’ Ges Let Gi ¯’‡j Should e‡m| Direct - My mother said to me, æ Let us go home”. Indirect- My mother proposed to me that we should go home. 2. Let, Proposal ev Suggestion A‡_© eëüZ bv n‡q hw` AbygwZ cÖ`vb A‡_© eëüZ nq †m‡ÿ‡Î Reporting verb mvaviYZ cwieZ©b nq bv| ZLb Let Gi cwie‡Z© may/might ev May be allowed to/might be allowed to e‡m| Direct - He said, æLet him do the work.” Indirect- He said that he might do the work. N.B: wKš‘ KZK¸‡jv evK¨ could ev would w`‡q Avi¤¢ n‡q Interrogative sentence MVb Ki‡jI cÖK…Z A‡_© H¸‡jv‡K Imperative sentence wnmv‡e aiv nq| Ges Imperative sentence Gi wbqgvbymv‡i †m¸‡jvi Direct †_‡K Indirect Narration-G cwiewZ©Z nq| Direct - He said to me, æWould you help me to do the sum?” Indirect- He requested me to help him to do the sum. Direct - I said to my sister, æCould you give me a cop of tea?” Indirect- I requested my sister to give me a cup of tea. Optative Sentence †K Indirect Narration G cwieZ©b : Reported speech Gi A_© I fvevbymv‡i Indirect narration –G Reporting verb Pray ev WishG cwiewZ©Z nq| Conjunction That e‡m Ges Optative sentence-G eëüZ May Gi cwie‡Z© Might e¨veüZ nq | Long live Gi ¯’‡j might live long e‡m | Direct - Mother said, æMay Allah bless you.” Indirect- Mother prayed that Allah might bless me. N.B: Direct Speech-G ‘Good morning’ _vK‡j Indirect Narration-G Reporting verb, wish-G cwiewZ©Z n‡e| Ges Goodbye ev Goodnight _vK‡j Reporting verb, bid (bade) G cwiewZ©Z n‡e| Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Cambrian Learners’ Communicative English

Direct - Rahim said, æ Good morning, my friends.” Inderect - Rahim wished good morning to his friends. Direct - Rashel said, æGood bye, all my friends.” Indirect- Rashel bade good bye to all his friends. Direct - Mr Karim said, æGood night, my friends.” Indirect- Mr. Karim bade his friends good night. Direct - Ataur said, æFarewell, my friends.” Indirect- Araur bade his friends farewell. Exclamatory Sentence †K Direct †_‡K Indirect Narration G cwieZ©b Kivi wbqg: 1. A_© I fvevbymv‡i Indirect narration G reporting verb-exclaim in grief, exclaim in joy, exclaim with sorrow, delight, regret, wonder, applaud BZ¨vw` cwiewZ©Z nq| 2. Reported speech-Gi Exclamation ev Av‡eMmyPK SentencewU Indirect Narration-G Assertive sentence-G iƒcvšÍwiZ nq| 3. Reported speech-Gi c~‡e© conjunction ‘that’ e‡m| 4. Av‡e‡Mi ZxeªZv eySv‡Z Exclamatory sentencewU hw` What ev How w`‡q ïiæ nq, Zvn‡j Zvi cwie‡Z© Noun Gi c~‡e© great Ges Adjective Gi c~‡e© Very e‡m| Conjunction wn‡m‡e that e‡m| Direct - Rina said, æHow helpless I am!” Indirect- Rina exclaimed with sorrow that she was very helpless. Direct - Salim said, æWhat a fine bird it is”! Indirect- Salim exclaimed with joy that it was a very fine bird. Direct - The old man said, æBy Allah! What a good news it is!” Indirect- The old man swore by Allah that it was a very good news.

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Model Questions

Cambrian Learners’ Communicative English

Model Question-01 PartA: Seen Comprehension (40 Marks) Unit-1, Lesson-1n (B Read the passage below and answer Questions 1-4: Dear Mita Apa, I am a first year college student and my annual exams are close at hand. I need to study a lot. However, conditions in my house are not at all favourable. My elder sister got married last month and since then her share of the household chores has fallen on my shoulders. On top of that, my aunt (my father's sister) has just had a new baby boy. He screams all the time and keeps everyone up late into the night. He keeps Auntie so busy that she cannot help with any of the housework. So Mother now relies a lot on me and so do my grandparents. It seems that I am at everybody's beck and call. The house hasn't yet shed its festive look, which started with my sister's marriage. Since auntie's baby was born, we have had streams of guests visiting the house. I’m really worried about my coming exams. There's so much noise and confusion in a house that I can hardly concentrate on my studies. You can't imagine how difficult it is to study in a large family. I even have to share my room with my younger brothers and sisters and, at times, with my cousins. I wish I were in a small family. Tell me, what should I do? Nazneen Aminpur,Sirajganj. Objective (20 Marks) 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1×5=5 (a) Nazneen’s exam is knocking/ coming/ going at the door. (b) Conditions in her house are not at all disagreeable/ congenial/ mentionable. (c) Her final/ initial/primal examinations are close at hand. (d) Nazneen need/needs/ needed to study a lot. (e) Nazneen possesses/gets/loses a house. Extra (1) The house wore/worn/got festive look. (2) Nazneen’s exam is near/far/away. (3) The new baby boy cries/weeps/smiles all the time. (4) Her auntie remains engaged/embedded/lively for her baby. (5) Nazneen is concerned/ causal/careful of her exam. (6) Nazneen lives in a/an extended/fragmented/small family. (7) Nazneen can scarcely/sufficiently/adequately concentrate on her study. (8) Nazneen’s family members depend/commend/append on her most. (9) Nazneen’s house is full of disorder/joy/tiredness. (10)The baby keeps everyone awake/ afraid/anxious. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information. 1×5=5 (a) Nazneen is attentive to her study. (b) A new baby was born to Nazneen’s auntie. (c) Nazneen is the eldest daughter of her family. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Model Questions

(d) Nazneen’s mother depends on her. (e) The circumstance of Nazneen’s house is tranquil. Extra (1) Nazneen is perturbed of her exam. (2) There is much turbulence in Nazneen’s house. (3) Her house was in gloomy position. (4) Nazneen is co-operative to others. (5) Nazneen is to do household task. (6) The condition of Nazneen’s house was congenial to study. (7) A lot of guests were coming to Nazneen’s house for marriage. (8) Nazneen wishes to live in a nuclear family. (9) Nazneen sometimes disowns her rooms. (10) Nazneen’s house has not discarded its joyous look. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words. Add any preposition if necessary. 1×5=5 (a) Nazneen (study)______ class XI. (b) Nazneen is fearful of her (examine)_____. (c) Nazneen cannot give (concentrate)_____ her study. (d) The house has retained its (festive)______. (e) Nazneen is a (study)_______ girl. Extra (1) Her sister was (marry)_______ last month. (2) Nazneen (call)_____ now and then by someone. (3) Every one of Nazneen’s house (rely) ______ on Nazneen. (4) Guests come (visit)_______the house. (5) Nazneen faces (difficult)_______in a large family. (6) Nazneen wishes as if he (to be) ________ in a nuclear family. (7) (Scream) ______ all the time the baby keeps every one up late. (8) Nazneen has (shoulder) _______her sister’s work. (9) (Worry)______ is seen in Nazneen for her exam. (10) Nazneen needs (share)_______ her room. 4. (a) Make a list of five points about the problem of Nazneen. 1×5=5 (b) Make five sentences from the table below. 1×5=5 None in the house Nazneen She A festive look She

seems had has can are

no scope of taking any rest. to care about her problems. hardly manage time to prepare for her exams. no idea of any solution to her problems. been obvious in the house since last month. all the bitter experiences of being a member of a large family.

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Cambrian Learners’ Communicative English

(c) Match the phrases from Column A with the ones in Column B. There are more phrases in Column B than are necessary. 1×5=5 A

(a) The birth of a new baby

in the

(b) Nazneen has (c) It seems that (d) The new baby cries (e) She feel very unhappy

about

(i) she is at everybody's beck and call. (ii) no wish to live in a nuclear family. (iii) a number of brothers and sisters. (iv) house has added to the noise and

confusion.

(v) day and night. (vi) shares her room with others. (vii) the conditions in the house.

Unit-1, Lesson-1 Read the passage below and answer Questions 5-8: Dear Mita Apa, I read Nazneen's letter published in your column on 5th January. I can understand Nazneen's problems about living in a large family, but things are not always rosy in a small family either, as Nazneen seems to think. It appears the grass is always greener on the other side of the fence. From my experience, I know how awfully boring life can be in a nuclear family. I'm also a college student like Nazneen. I've a room of my own, and a lot of time to myself. But still I'm not happy. My parents are always busy with their work. My only brother goes to university in the morning and comes back late in the evening. Everybody is too tired to talk when they get back. Also, when at home they are busy with their own work. So the house is often much too quiet. I can't visit my friends even when I wish to, because it's not safe for girls to move about alone in the city. I often feel very lonely and bored. I envy Nazneen. I wish I could live like her with grandparents, uncles, aunts, and cousins. I hope Nazneen realises that having a small family does not necessarily make one happy. Zinnia Rajabazar,Dhaka. More Free (20 Marks) 5. Write short answers to these questions. 1×5=5 (a) When was the letter published? (b) What is Zinnia’s problem? (c) How many problems does Zinnia have? (d) How many brothers does Zinnia belong to? (e) Why does Zinnia wish to live in an extended family? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1×5=5 Zinnia (a) ______life in a nuclear family is very (b) ______. Though she (c) ______a room of her own, she is not (d) _____. Her family members are always busy (e) ______their work. 7. Summarize the passage in five sentences. 5 Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Model Questions

8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes showing the problems that Zinnia faces in a nuclear family. 1×5=5 1. Boring

Model Question-2 PartA: Seen Comprehension ( 4o Marks) Unit-1, Lesson-1 Read the passage below and answer Questions 1-4 : Dear Mita Apa, I read Nazneen's letter published in your column on 5th January. I can understand Nazneen's problems about living in a large family, but things are not always rosy in a small family either, as Nazneen seems to think. It appears the grass is always greener on the other side of the fence. From my experience, I know how awfully boring life can be in a nuclear family. I'm also a college student like Nazneen. I've a room of my own, and a lot of time to myself. But still I'm not happy. My parents are always busy with their work. My only brother goes to university in the morning and comes back late in the evening. Everybody is too tired to talk when they get back. Also, when at home they are busy with their own work. So the house is often much too quiet. I can't visit my friends even when I wish to, because it's not safe for girls to move about alone in the city. I often feel very lonely and bored. I envy Nazneen. I wish I could live like her with grandparents, uncles, aunts, and cousins. I hope Nazneen realises that having a small family does not necessarily make one happy. Zinnia Rajabazar,Dhaka. Objective (20 Marks) 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1×5=5 (a) Zinnia has understood/took/quote Nazneen’s problem. (b) Zinnia lives in a/ an extended/ fragmented/small family. (c) Zinnia read Nazneen’s letter circulated/mentioned/circuited in the daily Star. (d) Zinnia is jealous/zealous/fond of Nazneen. (e) Zinnia led a boring/bored/cheerful life. Extra (1) Her family members were preoccupied/congested/disturbed in their work. (2) Zinnia wished she was/were/been in an extended family. (3) Zinnia can conceive/concise/conclude Nazneen’s problem. (4) Girls have no honesty/security/opportunity to go out. (5) Zinnia’s house is often tranquil/sober/noisy. (6) Zinnia feel/feels/felt lonely. (7) Zinnia possesses/loses/disowns a room. (8) Life in a nuclear family is full of boredom/kingdom/freedom (9) Her brother returned home being exhausted/cheerful/confused. (10) Zinnia feels very solitary/solemnity/safety. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information. 1×5=5 Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Cambrian Learners’ Communicative English

(a) Zinnia is happy living in a nuclear family. (b) Zinnias letter was published on 6th January. (c) Zinnia perceived Nazneen’s problem. (d) Movement of girls is secured in the city (e) Zinnia lived in a large family. Extra (1) In a small family life is very boring. (2) Zinnia’s brother is a university student. (3) Zinnia’s house is cool and calm. (4) Her brother comes at late evening. (5) Zinnia cannot visit her relative for want of time. (6) Zinnia spends her time gossiping. (7) Her brother is so tired that he cannot work. (8) Zinnia wishes to live in an extended family. (9) There are three members in Zinnia’s family. (10)All the family members of Zinnia’s family are busy. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words. Add any preposition if necessary. 5 (a) Zinnia’s letter (read) _____Nazneen. (b) Zinnia’s letter (publish) _____ on 5th January. (c) Nazneen’s problem can (understand) _____ easily. (d) Nazneen leads a (problem)_____ life. (e) Nazneen is a girl who (live) _____ in a nuclear family. Extra (1) Life (be) very boring. (2) Zinnia has no (happy) living in a nuclear family. (3) Life in a nuclear family can (be) very boring. (4) Zinnia is in (possess) a nuclear family. (5) Zinnia is a student (go) to college. (6) Her house was full of (quiet). (7) Many friends cannot (visit) them. (8) After (get) back they became tired. (9) Safe (move) in the city cannot be seen. (10) After (get) back they became tired 4. (a) Make a list of five points observed in a nuclear family. 1×5=5 (b) Make five sentences from the table below. 1×5=5 Nuclear families None The house of Zinnia Her parents and brother The family of Zinnia

does not be has have

happy in a nuclear family. enjoy being all alone at home all the time. too small to be noisy. have a lively atmosphere. not in a mood to talk with her in the evening. mostly found in cities and towns.

(c) Match the phrases from Column A with the ones in Column B. There are more phrases in Column B than are necessary. 1×5=5 Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Model Questions

A (a) Doing household chores is. (b) The calm and quiet atmosphere in the house is (c) Zinnia has (d) One who is not satisfied with his/her situation is often (e) Loneliness and boredom are

B (i) none of Zinnia's responsibility. (ii) jealous of others. (iii) Zinnia's main problems in the house. (iv) not after her liking. (v) naturally sympathetic. (vi) no idea about Nazneen's problems. (vii) no experience of living in a large family.

Unit-1, Lesson-1 Read the passage below and answer Questions 5-8: Dear Mita Apa, I am a first year college student and my annual Exams are close at hand. I need to study a lot. However, conditions in my house are not at all favourable. My elder sister got married last month and since then her share of the household chores has fallen on my shoulders. On top of that, my aunt (my father's sister) has just had a new baby boy. He screams all the time and keeps everyone up late into the night. He keeps Auntie so busy that she cannot help with any of the housework. So Mother now relies a lot on me and so do my grandparents. It seems that I am at everybody's beck and call. The house hasn't yet shed its festive look, which started with my sister's marriage. Since auntie's baby was born, we have had streams of guests visiting the house. I’ m really worried about my coming exams. There's so much noise and confusion in a house that I can hardly concentrate on my studies. You can't imagine how difficult it is to study in a large family. I even have to share my room with my younger brothers and sisters and, at times, with my cousins. I wish I were in a small family. Tell me, what should I do? Nazneen Aminpur,Sirajganj. More Free (20 Marks) 5. Write short answers to these questions. 1×5=5 (a) What class does Nazneen read in? (b) What was her problem? (c) Why is her house full of guests? (d) Who screams all the time? (e) When did Nazneen’s sister get married? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1×5=5 Nazneen (a)______ in a college in first year who (b) _______ anxious of her exam. She (c) ________ to study a lot. But for some problems, she cannot (d) ______ attention to her study. So she (e) _______ a letter to Mita apa. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences. 5 Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Cambrian Learners’ Communicative English

8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes showing the problems which Nazneen faces. 1×5=5 1. Getting married of elder sister

Model Question-3 PartA: Seen Comprehension (4o Marks) Unit-1, Lesson-2 Read the passage below and answer Questions 1-4: Let me first introduce my beautiful country to you. It is in south-east Asia, a neighbour of yours, in fact. We gained independence from Britain in 1948. In 1989, the name of our country was changed from Burma to Myanmar, the traditional name. Almost all of us speak the Myanmar language. There are a number of tribal languages, too. Many of us speak English as well. We are mainly Buddhists but don't be surprised to hear that I also have Christian, Hindu and Muslim friends. The national dress, for both men and women, is the longyi, a long tightly wrapped skirt worn from the waist to the ankles. Women wear blouses and longyi which are of bright colours and patterns. Men wear shirts and longyis with checks and patterns. You can differentiate whether the longies are for women or men from their patterns and designs. I live in our capital, Yangoon, which was formerly known as Rangoon. It is famous for its many pagodas which are the Buddhist prayer houses. Like most city-dwellers, we live in a concrete house. My father works for the government. My uncles from both my parents’ side live in villages and work on farmlands. We have close ties with them and visit them during the holidays. I'm proud to let you know that women in my country have more rights than many other Asian women. In most families, the mother manages the finances and runs the household. Objective (20 Marks) 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1×5=5 (a) Moh Moh has (made known/given known/done known) her beautiful country to all. (b) Myanmar (took/achieved/got)) independence in 1948. (c) Burma is the (previous/former/before) name of Myanmar. (d) Myanmar (stands/stood/will stand) in South East Asia. (e) Pagoda is the (prayer/living/resting) hall of the Buddhist. Extra (1) Moh Moh takes proud/pride/proudy in enjoying more rights. (2) Rangoon is renowned/notorious/imminent for many Pagodas. (3) Mother manages economic/monetary/accounting affairs. (4) Mother helps/manages/does the houses hold chores. (5) Their dresses can be difference/differentiated/differed. (6) Most city resident/people/comer live in concrete house. (7) Most houses are made of soft/visible/solid substance. (8) Women wear bright colour/coloured/colouring dress. (9) Village and city people have bond/bondage/bondness of relation. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Model Questions

(10) Design/Designed/Designing longyi was worn by women. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information. 1×5=5 (a) Moh Moh is a girl of Bangladesh. (b) Myanmar is situated in South East Asia. (c) Longyi is the national dress of Myanmar. (d) Financial activities are conducted by women in Myanmar. (e) The ancient name of Myanmar was Burma. Extra (1) Most of the people of Myanmar are Muslim. (2) The city people dwell in the thatched house. (3) There is no distinction between the longyi of men and that of women. (4) Four languages are common in Myanmar. (5) Myanmar got freedom from Japan. (6) Women have no privilege in Myanmar. (7) Rangoon is well known for many Pagodas. (8) Now Myanmar is a sovereign country. (9) Moh Moh’s relatives are rural people. (10) Moh Moh and her parents have intimacy with their uncles. (11) English is not so common in Myanmar. (12) The British ruled Myanmar until 1948. (13) Moh Moh’s father is govt. employee. (14) Moh Moh’s uncles are farmers. (15) Moh Moh and her parents have no good terms with their relatives. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words. Add any preposition if necessary. 1×5 = 5 (a) Myanmar is a country of (beautiful)______. (b) An (introduce) _______ of Myanmar is given by Moh Moh. (c) Myanmar became (independence)______ in1948. (d) The Govt. (change)_________ their country name. (e) Burma (be)______ the traditional name of Myanmar. Extra (1) Myanmar is a (neighbor) _______ country of Bangladesh. (2) Myanmar (lie)_______ in South East Asia. (3) English (speak) _______Myanmar. (4) People of Myanmar (speak)______ a number of tribal language. (5) The Buddhists (prayer)_________ Pagodas. (6) People of other (religious)_______ live in Myanmar. (7) Blouses and longyis(wear)_______ women in Myanmar. (8) The longyi is worn (wrap)_____ from the waist to the ankles. (9) There is a (differ)________ between the longy of men and that of women. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Cambrian Learners’ Communicative English

(10) The (formerly)_______ name of Yangoon was Yangoon. (11) Myanmar has (famous)_______ many pagodas. (12) Most people (dweller)______ in city. (13) Moh Moh’s (parent)_______ uncles live in villages. (14) Moh Moh has (proud)______ having more rights. (15) In most families finances (manage)________ the mother. (16) Myanmar was known as Burma (traditional)_______ (17) (Have)________ more rights Moh Moh is proud. (18) A long tightly wrapped skirt (wear)_________ by men and women. (19) Mother conducts (finance)_____________ activities. (20) The previous name of yangoon (be)_____ Rangoon. 4. (a) Make a list of five points that contains important information of Myanmar. 1×5=5 (b) Make five sentences from the table below. 1×5=5 1948 is the year Myanmar is a country Longyi is the dress Yangoon is the capital city The people

who when which

work on farmlands live in the villages. is worn by men and women. is beautiful. have more rights. Burma was freed. is famous for pagodas.

(c) Match the phrases from Column A with the ones in Column B. There are more phrases in Column B than are necessary. 1×5=5 A (a) Moh is going to introduce (b) Tribals are the groups (c) Traditional things are the (d) Pagodas are the prayer houses (e) Concrete is the combination of different materials

B (i) of Buddhists. (ii) make known. (iii) who are united by language and customs. (iv) combination of customs, beliefs that have existed for a long time. (v) by which a building can be built. (vi) her country to us. (vii) during the holidays.

Unit-1, Lesson-3 Read the passage below and answer Questions 5-8: In the past, the common form of marriage among the various cultural groups in Kenya was polygamy and the polygamous families were embedded in extended family units consisting of a man, his several wives and their married sons and children. But in line Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Model Questions

with the modern world, things are now changing there. The old custom of polygamous marriage is yielding to the new practice of monogamy, although many polygamous families can still be found in the rural areas of Kenya. Many monogamous Kenyans are now living in nuclear families with their single spouses and their children. Many of them have given up their pastoral lives and have become wage earners in cities. But they can hardly give up their extended family and lineage connections back in their village. Some families have to maintain two households, one in their extended-family home in the village and the other in the city. This often poses a dilemma for them. More Free (20 Marks) 5. Write short answers to these questions. 1×5=5 (a) What was the common form of marriage in Kenya in the past? (b) How does an extended family consist of? (c) What is the difference between monogamous families and polygamous families? (d) Which poses a dilemma for the Kenyans? (e) Why have the Kenyans given up their pastoral lives? Extra (1) Why is polygamy disappearing? (2) Where can polygamous family still be found? (3) What is the dilemma of the modern Kenyans? (4) Why are things changing there? (5) How is a nuclear family formed? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1×5=5 Polygamy was the common form of marriage in Kenya which is(a) ______being changed in(b) ______ with the modern outlook. Many Kenyans who are now(c) ______ in a nuclear family have(d) _______ their extended family. Some are still (e) _________ to give up. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences. 5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes giving information about how polygamous and nuclear families consist of. 1. Several wives

1×5=5

Model Question-04 PartA: Seen Comprehension ( 4o Marks) Unit-1, Lesson-3 Read the passage below and answer Questions 1-4 : In the past, the common form of marriage among the various cultural groups in Kenya was polygamy and the polygamous families were embedded in extended family units consisting of a man, his several wives and their married sons and children. But in line with the modern world, things are now changing there. The old custom of polygamous marriage is yielding to the new practice of monogamy, although many Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Cambrian Learners’ Communicative English

polygamous families can still be found in the rural areas of Kenya. Many monogamous Kenyans are now living in nuclear families with their single spouses and their children. Many of them have given up their pastoral lives and have become wage earners in cities. But they can hardly give up their extended family and lineage connections back in their village. Some families have to maintain two households, one in their extended-family home in the village and the other in the city. This often poses a dilemma for them. Objective (20 Marks) 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1×5=5 (a) In the past the common system/item/matter of marriage was polygamy. (b) Many Kenyans face a perplexed/cheerful/abandoned situation having two families. (c) Polygamy was established/demolished/serialized in extended family units. (d) Customs are changing for keeping/ giving/taking pace with the latest world. (e) Many Kenyans have abandoned/retained/discarded their rustic life. Extra (1) For maintaining two households some face/regulate/nominate dilemma. (2) Kenyans are now changing their old tradition/edifice/convention. (3) Some polygamous families can still be found in rustic/town/remote area. (4) Polygamy is surrounding/taking/yielding to monogamy. (5) Some Kenyans have deserted/taken/used their rural life. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information. 1×5=5 (a) The passage is about marriage and family life in Kenya. (b) In the past, many cultural groups existed in Kenya. (c) Because of modern outlook, systems are changing in Kenya. (d) All Kenyans now practise monogamy. (e) Many monogamous Kenyans still maintain two families. Extra (1) The Kenyans are keeping pace with the modern world. (2) Polygamy means having several wives and children. (3) Now polygamy is observed in rustic areas. (4) Polygamy existed in Kenya in the past. (5) Modern Kenyans are now conscious of the world. (6) Maintaining two families they fall into problem. (7) Some Kenyans are in a fix about their city and rural life. (8) Kenya’s social system is still parochial. (9) Nobody will find any polygamous families in Kenya. (10) The Kenyans have changed their outlook towards marriage. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words. Add any preposition if necessary. 1×5=5 (a) (Polygamy) _______ families are still found in Kenya. (b) (Marry)____ system is changed in Kenya. (c) The cause of (come) ______ to cities is to earn livelihood. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Model Questions

(d) The (maintain) _____ two families poses dilemma (e) There (exist) ________various cultural groups in Kenya. Extra (1) One can still (found) _______ polygamous families. (2) There is a touch of (modern) _______ in Kenya. (3) In the past a Kenyan (marry) _______ several wives. (4) Extended families can hardly be (give) ________ up by the Kenyans. (5) A polygamous family (consist) ________ a man, his several wives and their married wife. (6) A dilemma is often (see)________ maintaining two families. (7) Two households need to be (maintain) __________. (8) Many Kenyans have come to city for (earn) _________ wage. (9) Pastoral lives have (give) ________up. (10) Polygamous families can (find) _________ in Kenya 4. (a) Make a list of five points mentioning the prominent features of Kenya.1 × 5 = 5 (b) Make five sentences from the table below.

1×5=5

The modern outlook is

in size. a common form of marriage two households Extended families are many wives. small Polygamy was is very difficult. influence of modern Nuclear families are in a dilemma. world To maintain in Kenya. large not in favour of in the country. (c) Match the phrases from Column A with the ones in Column B. There are more phrases in Column B than are necessary. 1×5=5 (a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

A B The old custom of (i) poses a dilemma. polygamous marriage (ii) wage earners. Many Kenyans are now living (iii) their extended families. in nuclear families with (iv) things are now changing there. Many of them have become (v) two households. But in line with the modern (vi) their single spouses and their world (vii) children. Some families have to is yielding place to the new. maintain practice of monogamy.

Unit-1, Lesson-2 Read the passage below and answer Questions 5-8:

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Cambrian Learners’ Communicative English

Let me first introduce my beautiful country to you. It is in south-east Asia, a neighbour of yours, in fact. We gained independence from Britain in 1948. In 1989, the name of our country was changed from Burma to Myanmar, the traditional name. Almost all of us speak the Myanmar language. There are a number of tribal languages, too. Many of us speak English as well. We are mainly Buddhists but don't be surprised to hear that I also have Christian, Hindu and Muslim friends. The national dress, for both men and women, is the longyi, a long tightly wrapped skirt worn from the waist to the ankles. Women wear blouses and longyi which are of bright colours and patterns. Men wear shirts and longyis with checks and patterns. You can differentiate whether the longies are for women or men from their patterns and designs. I live in our capital, Yangoon, which was formerly known as Rangoon. It is famous for its many pagodas which are the Buddhist prayer houses. Like most city-dwellers, we live in a concrete house. My father works for the government. My uncles from both my parents’ side live in villages and work on farmlands. We have close ties with them and visit them during the holidays. I'm proud to let you know that women in my country have more rights than many other Asian women. In most families, the mother manages the finances and runs the household. More Free (20 Marks) 5. Write short answer to these questions. 1×5=5 (a) Where is Myanmar situated? (b) When did it gain independence? (c) When was the name changed? (d) How many languages are spoken in Myanmar? (e) What is the traditional name of Burma? Extra (1) What is the national dress of Myanmar? (2) What do you mean by Pagoda? (3) What was the traditional dress of Myanmar? (4) What was the position of women in Myanmar? (5) Why is Moh Moh proud? (6) Where does Moh Moh live? (7) What was the former name of Myanmar? (8) What is Moh Moh’s father? (9) What is Moh Moh’s uncle? (10) How is the village in Myanmar? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1×5=5 Myanmar is a (a) _______of natural beauty which (b) _______ in south-east Asia. Most of the people here (c) ______ Buddhists. Longyi is their (d) _________dress. But sometimes different dresses were (e) _________ by the people. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Model Questions

7. Summarise the passage in five sentences. 5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes giving information about Myanmar. 1×5=5 1. Gaining independence in 1948

Model Question-5 PartA: Seen Comprehension ( 4o Marks) Unit-1, Lesson-3 Read the passage below and answer Questions 1-4 : Hello. My name's Charles Karoro and I'm a banker. My salary's okay but the day to day expenses in Nairobi are pretty high. Both housing and food are costly in the capital. I've rented an apartment but it is really too small for my family. Of course it does not have a garden. So my wife Maria, who loves gardening, can't grow anything. She can't go out to work either because there's no one else in the house to look after the children. So the whole family depends on my income alone. I've great hopes for my children and would like to send them to a good school. But good schools are very expensive. I'm not sure how much I'll be able to help them. Moreover, I'm often in a fix about whether I should share my income with my brothers in the village who need help with their children's education and other things, or use all my money on my own family. I've another problem too. My relatives often come to Nairobi hoping to find jobs. They expect to move into my apartment and stay for long periods of time. They don't seem to realise that the cost of living is so high in the city. I love my relatives a great deal but life can be very difficult at times. Objective (20 Marks) 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1×5=5 (a) The expenditure/earning/expense in Nairobi is high. (b) Housing and food cost is high/low/medium in Nairobi. (c) The flat rent/rented/renting by Karoro is too small. (d) His salary is fairly well/quite well/ enough well. (e) The whole family reckon/carry/lives on his income. Extra (1) Maria is fond/ love/like of gardening. (2) Karoro is confused/refused/defused what to do. (3) Karoro’s flat was too much large/ small/ tiny. (4) Karoro’s wife takes care of/takes help of/takes after his children. (5) His relatives come to Nairobi expecting/expected /expect jobs. (6) Karoro’s house does not contain/detain/retain any garden. (7) Karoro does not have a sound/bad/good salary. (8) Karoro gets a handsome/poor/scanty salary. (9) Karoro lives in Japan/India/Kenya. (10) Karoro’s brothers are well off/poor/rich. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Cambrian Learners’ Communicative English

2. True/False? If false, give the correct information. 1×5=5 (a) Maria is the wife of Karoro. (b) Karoro’s house consists of four members. (c) Karoro has relation with his brother. (d) Karoro wants to avoid his relatives. (e) Maria does not like gardening. Extra (1) Maria’s dwelling house was too much scanty. (2) Maria supervises the house of Karoro. (3) Maria does not make gardening because she has no time at hand. (4) Karoro’s relatives come to Nairobi to look for job. (5) Karoro expects to send his children to good schools. (6) Karoro’s relatives move to his house in no time. (7) In rural areas of Kenya jobs are not available. (8) Charles Karoro is a Kenyan University graduate working for a nationalized bank in Nairobi. (9) Karoro is not ill paid. (10) The economic condition of Karoro seems to be productive. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words. Add any preposition if necessary. 1×5=5 (a) Karoro is a (bank) profession. (b) Karoro (get) a good amount of money. (c) The day to day life in Nairobi is very (expense). (d) In Nairobi housing and food (cost) a lot. (e) An apartment has (rent) Karoro. Extra (1) Karoro is well (pay) _____ from the bank. (2) Karoro with his family lives in a (rent)______house. (3) The whole family is (depend) _______ on Karoro’s income. (4) Karoro is (hope) _______ his children. (5) The (expensive)______ the good school is very high. (6) Karoro provides (money) ______ help to his brothers. (7) Kararo leads a (problem)_____ life. (8) His relatives have no (realize)______ that daily expenses are high. (9) Kararo’s income (share)______ his brother. (10) Kararo bears the (education)______ expense. (11) Maria cannot do (garden)______ for want of his ability. (12) Kararo is not (sure)_____ of his ability. (13) Kararo has brothers who (live) _____ in a village. (14) (Garden)_____ is loved by Maria. (15) Kararo has (love) _____for his brothers. 4. (a) Make a list of five problems that Karoro faces. 1×5=5 (b) Make five sentences from the table below. 1×5=5 Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Model Questions

Arranging education for the children Maria The salary of Charles Charles Karoro The hardship of his brothers living in the village

one of the many worries of Charles are has is can

no time to think of his own comfort. a matter of great concern for Charles. do nothing to earn an income. inadequate for a good living. often be very unmanageable.

frank about the problems he faces in the city.

(c) Match the phrases from Column A with the ones in Column B. There are more phrases in Column B than are necessary. 1×5=5 A (a) Housing and food cost (b) The brothers of Charles in the village (c) Mr. Charles Karoro is (d) The family has (e) Guests who come from the village

B (i) feelings for them. (ii) have problems similar to his own. (iii) seem to be callous about Charles' problems. (iv) a lot in the city. (v) no other source of income than the salary of Charles. (vi) cautions about maintaining a good standard of living. (vii) keenly aware of the need of good education for his children.

Unit-1, Lesson-5 Read the passage below and answer Questions 5-8: The present age is marked not only by the importance of the family as an economic and welfare institution but also by its increasing importance as an arrangement for socializing and raising children and for the psychological support of adults. There has been a wide disintegration of large kin groups and an intensification of relationships within the nuclear family. Moreover, the world is seeing an increasing association of women with earning and with out-of-home activities. In the pre-industrial feudal society, both husbands and wives worked together in the fields and outside the home. However, in the industrial period, women were segregated from out-of-home productive work. The hearth became the place for them; so cooking, cleaning, washing, giving birth and rearing children became their jobs. Men became the wage earners and all other outdoor activities became their responsibility. In the post-war period, women started joining the workforce and contributing to family income and thus started exercising an influence on family affairs. Previously, authority in the family rested on the husband who was the decision maker in all matters. But women, with their economic power, started influencing decisions about important family matters. In developed countries now, household work is shared by both husbands and wives and outdoor activities like shopping and taking children to Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Cambrian Learners’ Communicative English

school, to doctors or for recreation are done equally by both husbands and wives. Large extended families have given, and are still giving place to small, nuclear families. Even in developing countries, with the process of industrialization and urbanization, extended families are breaking down. Kinship is declining. In the west, marriages now often break up. So, the number of single-mother or single-father families is ever on the increase. The psychological problems of children in such families are also increasing in modern times. More Free (20 Marks) 5. Write short answer to the following question. 1×5=5 (a) What is the importance of family in the present age? (b) What is the effect of wide disintegration of large kin groups? (c) How is an increasing association of women seen? (d) What was the condition of women in the industrial period? (e) How do the women influence decision? Extra (1) How is household work done now? (2) Why are extended families breaking down? (3) What is happening in the west? (4) What is the result of single mother or single father families? (5) How was the position of women in the post war period? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1×5=5 In the present age, family is (a)_________ for socializing, raising children and for psychological support of the adults. Large kin groups are (b)________widely. But the relationships within the (c)______ family are being (d)_______.Besides, an increasing association of women is (e)_________at present. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences. 5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes showing how family is important in the present age. 1×5=5 1. as an economic institution

Model Question-6 PartA: Seen Comprehension (4o Marks) Unit-1, Lesson-5 Read the passage below and answer Questions 1-4: The present age is marked not only by the importance of the family as an economic and welfare institution but also by its increasing importance as an arrangement for socializing and raising children and for the psychological support of adults. There has been a wide disintegration of large kin groups and an intensification of relationships within the nuclear family. Moreover, the world is seeing an increasing association of women with earning and with out of home activities, In the pre-industrial feudal society, both husbands and wives worked together in the fields and outside the home. However, in the industrial period, women were Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Model Questions

segregated from out-of-home productive work. The hearth became the place for them; so cooking, cleaning, washing, giving birth and rearing children became their jobs. Men became the wage earners and all other outdoor activities became their responsibility. In the post-war period, women started joining the workforce contributing to family income and thus started exercising an influence on family affairs. Previously, authority in the family rested on the husband who was the decision maker in all matters. But women, with their economic power, started influencing decisions about important family matters. In developed countries now, household work is shared by both husbands and wives and outdoor activities like shopping and taking children to school, to doctors or for recreation are done equally by both husbands and wives. Large extended families have given, and are still giving place to small, nuclear families. Even in developing countries, with the process of industrialization and urbanization, extended families are breaking down. Kinship is declining. In the west, marriages now often break up. So, the number of single-mother or single-father families is ever on the increase. The psychological problems of children in such families are also increasing in modern times. Objective (20 Marks) 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence: 1×5=5 (a) The family is significant/signifies/symbolic for an arrangement of socializing. (b) Large kin groups have segregated/selected/segregation widely. (c) Relationships within the nuclear family have been intensified/intensification/increased. (d) At present women are being organized/ originated/oriented. (e) In the pre-industrial period, husbands and wives worked together/ separately/specially. Extra (1) In the industrial period women were separated/different/degraded from out of home work. (2) Women worked in the field/fireplace/open field in the industrial period. (3) In the industrial period women were busy with four/five/three types of jobs. (4) In the industrial period men brought/bought/taught up the children. (5) Kinship is now on the rise/increase/dwindling. (6) In the developing countries, extended families are disintegrating/disintending/disappearing. (7) In the modern world now recreational activities are done by husband/wife/both. (8) The number of single mother or single father families is now on the decrease/ increase/ rise. (9) With economic power, women are playing important/ significant/ necessary role. (10) After war women started to add/assist/evaluate to the family income. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Cambrian Learners’ Communicative English

(11) In the west, marriages are now seen to be broken/braked/ breakage. (12) Single mother or father families suffer from/ of/ to psychological problem. (13) Family is important for mental/intellectual/physical support of the adult. (14) Family is necessary for economic/institutional/educational activities. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information. 1×5=5 (a) A family is thought to be a financial institution. (b) In the industrial period women were involved in outdoor deeds. (c) A family is essential for raising children. (d) Today women play an important role in making decision. (e) In the developing countries kinship is on the rise. Extra (1) A family helps an adult to be psychologically fit. (2) Relationship within the nuclear families has been diminished. (3) Children of single mother or single father families suffer from mental problem. (4) Large kin groups have been disintegrated. (5) Today entertainment of the children is made to be done by the father. (6) Women are being associated because they have economic power. (7) Husbands and wives became detached from each other in the pre-industrial period. (8) In the industrial period women were separated from outdoor activities. (9) Kinship means blood-connected relative. (10) Nuclear families are turning into extended families. (11) In the post war period men became the only earning members. (12) In the developed countries, psychological problems of the children are dwindling. (13) Relationships within the nuclear families are getting deep. (14) In the pre-war period administration was in the hands of the husband. (15) A grown up man needs psychological support. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of words. Add any preposition if necessary. 1×5=5 1) The family is (importance)_______ economic emancipation. 2) The family is important (economic)________. 3) Large kin groups are (disintegrate) _______day by day 4) Relationships within the nuclear family are (intensification) _______. 5) An increasing association of women is being (see) _______ at present. Extra (1) Association of women has (increase) _______. (2) Women started (earn) _______ money. (3) Women are seen to (associate) _______. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Model Questions

(4) Large kin groups are disintegrating (wide) _______. (5) Families are important (psychological) _______. (6) In the industrial period, women were segregated from the work of (productive) _____. (7) In the industrial period men were (responsibility) _______outdoor activities. (8) (Rear) _______ children became their jobs. (9) Wage (earn) _______was the job of men. (10) In the post war period, women (join) _______ the work place. (11) Women began (contribute) _______ the family income. (12) Women (start) _______contributing to the family income. (13) Women exercised an (influence) _______ power over the family affair. (14) Previously the husband (decision) _______ important matters. (15) Husbands had (authority) _______ power in the past. (16) Husbands made (decide) _______ in all matters. (17) Both husbands and wives (share) _______ house-hold work now. (18) (Recreation) _______ activities are done by husband and wives. (19) People are getting (industrialization) _______. (20) The number of single mother or single father family is (increase) _______. (21) Children suffer (psychological) _______. (22) Recreational activities (do) _______.by husbands and wives. (23) Women started (contribute) _______ to the family income. (24) Families are (importance) ________ psychologically. 4. (a) Make a list of five points about the importance of family. 1×5=5 (b) Make five sentences from the table below. Household work

1×5=5

no longer the sole responsibility of women. in favour of having small families.

is are have an indication of the disintegration of am cannot large families. attend to the psychological needs of had children. Single-parent family during the period. all the authority in the family. (c) Match the phrases from Column A with the ones in Column B. There are more phrases in Column B than are necessary. 1×5=5 The break-up of large kin groups Men during the industrial period The present trends

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Cambrian Learners’ Communicative English

(a) In the industrial period (b) In the post-war period (c) There has been a wide disintegration of (d) The world is seeing (e) The number of singlemother or single-father families

(i) large groups. (ii) is also increasing in modern times. (iii) women started joining the workforce an increasing association of women with earnings. (iv) women were segregated from out-of(v) home. productive work. (vi) small groups. (vii) doing good work. Unit-1, Lesson-3

Read the passage below and answer Questions 5-8: Hello. My name's Charles Karoro and I'm a banker. My salary's okay but the day to day expenses in Nairobi are pretty high. Both housing and food are costly in the capital. I've rented an apartment but it is really too small for my family. Of course, it does not have a garden. So, my wife Maria, who loves gardening, can't grow anything. She can't go out to work either because there's no one else in the house to look after the children. So, the whole family depends on my income alone. I've great hopes for my children and would like to send them to a good school. But good schools are very expensive. I'm not sure how much I'll be able to help them. Moreover, I'm often in a fix about whether I should share my income with my brothers in the village who need help with their children's education and other things, or use all my money on my own family. I've another problem too. My relatives often come to Nairobi hoping to find jobs. They expect to move into my apartment and stay for long periods of time. They don't seem to realise that the cost of living is so high in the city. I love my relatives a great deal but life can be very difficult at times. More Free (20 Marks) 5. Write short answers to the following questions. 1×5=5 (a) What is the profession of Charles Karoro? (b) Why cannot Maria work and earn money? (c) Why do his relatives come to Nairobi? (d) How is the daily expense in Nairobi? (e) Why can’t Maria grow anything? (f) How is Karoro’s apartment? Extra (1) What is Karoro? (2) What is the name of Karoro’s wife? (3) Why does life become difficult at times? (4) What is Maria’s problem? (5) Who is Maria? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1×5=5 Charles Karoro, a banker, lives (a) _______Nairobi in a rented house with his wife and children. He (b) _______ some problems. His apartment is too small to Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Model Questions

(c) _______ a garden. No one but his wife remains in the house to (d) _______ his children. He wishes to (e) _______his children to a good school but he cannot. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences. 5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes showing the problems that Karoro faces in the apartment. 1×5=5 1. Too small an apartment

Model Question-7 PartA: Seen Comprehension ( 4o Marks) Unit-3, Lesson-1 Read the passage below and answer Questions 1-4 : Communicative competence refers to the ability to use a language appropriately in various circumstances. There are two ways of developing communicative competence in a language. The first is acquisition which is similar to the way people develop ability in their mother tongue. It is a natural, subconscious process in which users are not usually aware of acquiring a language. They are aware only of the fact that they are using the language for communication. In non-technical terms, acquisition is 'picking up' a language spontaneously. It may also be called ‘implicit learning. ' On the other hand, the second way of developing communicative competence in a language is learning that language. It refers to conscious knowledge of a second language, knowing the rules of language use, being aware of them and being able to talk about them. In non-technical terms, learning is to know consciously about a language. It may be described as explicit learning. Language specialists believe that acquiring a language is more successful and longer lasting than learning. Therefore, teachers these days encourage learners of a second language to practise and experience the language in different situations where they are involved in communicating with others. And that is exactly what the tasks in this book are designed to do. Objective (20 Marks) 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence: 1×5=5 (a) Communicative competence indicates/defers/encourages the ability to use language appropriately. (b) The ability to use language rightly/carefully/correctly means communicative competence. (c) There are two /three/ four ways of developing communicative competence. (d) Acquisition is to acquire mother tongue/foreign tongue/second language. (e) Now a day’s teachers inspire/aspire/exalt learners of second language to practise and experience. Extra (1) Communicative competence can be developed/ mastered/ developments in two ways. (2) Language specialists believe that learning a language is not so successful as/like/than acquiring a language. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Cambrian Learners’ Communicative English

(3) Acquisition likens/clashes/relates to the way people gain ability in their mother tongue. (4) Learning is something natural/explicit/implicit (5) Communicative competence can be gained/earned/ developed in two ways. (6) People acquire a mother tongue consciously/ unconsciously /subconsciously (7) Acquisition signifies (implicit/explicit/exact) learning. (8) Knowing a language by rules lasts longer/shorter/more momentarily than acquiring a language. (9) Teachers suggest that learners should learn a language by practising and communicating with others/ writing letters/ watching TV. (10) The people of Bangladesh are acquiring/practicing/ learning English. (11) Learning English is to know consciously/ subconsciously/ unconsciously. (12) While acquiring/learning/ practicing English, we should be careful of three things. (13) Acquisition is to know a language willingly/forcefully/ compelledly (14) Language is more successful when it is acquired/learnt/gained. (15) Acquisition is similar/ dissimilar/familiar to learning. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information. 1×5=5 (a) Communicative competence can be developed in two ways. (b) Acquisition means the sub-conscious process of learning a language. (c) The passage deals with acquisition and learning. (d) We are learning English. (e) Learning is not as successful as acquisition. Extra (1) People learn a second language subconsciously. (2) Acquisition is easier than learning. (3) Explicit learning is a subconscious process. (4) Implicit learning is a conscious process. (5) People develop competence in their mother tongue through deliberate process. (6) Communication through learning a language by rules is a long process. (7) Learning a language is more effective than acquiring it. (8) Learning a language does not last as long as acquiring it. (9) Learning a language is a deliberate process. (10) People acquire a language through artificial process. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words. Add any preposition if necessary. 1×5=5 (a) Language is used for (communication) _____ purpose. (b) The ability of (use) _______ a language appropriately means communicative competence. (c) (Use) _______ a language appropriately refers to communicative competence. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Model Questions

(d) Communicative competence can be (develop) _______ two ways. (e) People learn mother tongue (natural) _______. Extra (1) People learn mother tongue (subconscious) _______. (2) Acquisition means the (develop) _______ability of people in their mother tongue. (3) Communicative competence means the (appropriately) _______ use of language. (4) Acquisition has (similar) _______to mother tongue. (5) People develop ability in their mother tongue without (aware) _______ (6) Users have no (aware) _______ learning a language. (7) Acquisition is (spontaneously) _______picking up a language. (8) The power of (use) _______ a language properly means communicative competence. (9) Every person learns his /her mother tongue (natural) _______R.B-03 (10) Learners of second language are (encourage)_______their teachers. (11) Picking up means (spontaneously) _______ learning a language. (12) The (believe) _______the language specialists is right. (13) To be (competence)_______a language one has to use it in different situation. (14) There is an element of (spontaneous) _______ the acquisition of a language. (15) Acquisition of a language (believe) _______to be more lasting than learning it. (16) By being (consciously) _______ a language one can develop his explicit learning. (17) People (learn) _______ mother tongue subconsciously. (18) We can (develop) _______ communicative competence in two ways. 4. (a) Make a list of five points about how to develop communicative competence in a language. 1×5= 5 (b) Make five sentences from the table below. 1×5= 5 We acquire our mother tongue The first way of developing communicative competence is 'acquisition' Acquisition is implicit learning Learning English is very important for us

we 'learn' a second language. and 'learning' is explicit learning. but while learning is a conscious process. very important.

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Cambrian Learners’ Communicative English

Acquisition is a natural and subconscious process

the second way is called learning. we don't have enough trained teachers.

(c) Match the phrases from Column A with the ones in Column B. There are more phrases in Column B than are necessary. 1×5= 5

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

A In non-technical terms Acquisition is a natural, The second way of developing communicative language The ability to use language appropriately It may also be called

B (i) in different situations. (ii) 'acquisition' is 'picking up' a language. spontaneously. (iii) subconscious process. (iv) is 'communicative competence'. (v) 'implicit' learning. (vi) in their free time. (vii) is learning that language.

Unit-3 Lesson-2 Read the passage below and answer Questions 5-8: Statistics show that about 350 million people speak English as a first language and another 300 million use it as a second language. It is the official or semi-official language in more than 60 countries and of many international organisations. The International Olympic Committee, for example, always holds meetings in English. English helps the international community and the business world to communicate across national borders. Today, more than 80% of all the information in the world's computers is in English, so organisations frequently need employees who speak and write a standard form of English. In fact some companies provide English language training for their staff. It is therefore little wonder that job advertisements nowadays often ask for a 'good working knowledge' of English. Many believe now that English usually helps them to get good jobs and better salaries. More Free (20 Marks) 5. Write short answers to the following questions: 1×5=5 (a) How many people speak English as a first language? (b) How many people speak English as the second language? (c) How many countries use English officially? (d) What type of employees do organizations need? (e) Why is English necessary to the business world? Extra (1) What do some companies do? (2) How does International Olympic Committee hold meeting? (3) What do you mean by “good working knowledge of English”? (4) Why is English as important as an international language? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words: 1×5=5 Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Model Questions

English is an (a)______ language which is (b) ______ all over the world. Most of the countries and organizations (c) ______meetings in English. So employees who are (d) ______ to speak and write a standard form of English are (e) ______asked for. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences. 5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes showing the importance of English. 1×5=5 1. Speaking English as a first language by 350 million people

Model Question-08 PartA: Seen Comprehension (4o Marks) Unit-3, Lesson-2 Read the passage below and answer Questions 1-4: Statistics show that about 350 million people speak English as a first language and another 300 million use it as a second language. It is the official or semi-official language in more than 60 countries and of many international organizations. The International Olympic Committee, for example, always holds meetings in English. English helps the international community and the business world to communicate across national borders. Today, more than 80% of all the information in the world's computers is in English, so organizations frequently need employees who speak and write a standard form of English. In fact some companies provide English language training for their staff. It is therefore little wonder that job advertisements nowadays often ask for a 'good working knowledge' of English. Many believe now that English usually helps them to get good jobs and better salaries. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence: 1×5=5 (a) English is spoken/speak/spoke by 350 million people as first language. (b) Statistics expose/says/indicate their expression. (c) Business world uses English to contact/contract/co-operate the international community. (d) Job advertisements demand/detect/adjourn employees having the knowledge of English (e) English helps to get better remuneration/respect/chance Extra (1) International Olympic Committee conducts/organizes/ provides meeting in English. (2) The data/devise/ditches of computer are in English. (3) A good working knowledge of English provides/offers/ guarantees better jobs. (4) It is belief/believed/believe that English helps to get good jobs. (5) Some organizations give/get/grow English Language Teaching Course for their staff. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Cambrian Learners’ Communicative English

(6) It is a matter of warning/ astonishment/ acknowledgement that job advertisements ask good working knowledge of English. (7) Organizations repeatedly/really/regardless ask for employees who have good working knowledge of English. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information. 1×5=5 (a) About 350 million people speak English as their first language. (b) More than 60 countries use English as their official language. (c) Many international organizations deliver their speech in English. (d) Now a days the importance of English cannot be described. (e) To run computer everybody must know English. Extra (1) Seeing the importance of English one may be surprised. (2) Organizations again and again ask for those employees who have knowledge of English. (3) English aids to get better wages. (4) English language training is supplied by some companies. (5) To communicate across the national borders, English is necessary. (6) Not less than 60 countries use English as second language. (7) To get a good job, knowledge of English is conducive. (8) At present English is badly needed. (9) Learning English ensures better salaries. (10) To run business well, English is badly needed. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words. Add any preposition if necessary. 1× 5=5 (a) It is (show) ______statistics that 350 million people speak English as first language. (b) English (speak) _____ all over the world. (c) (Official) _____ English is used in more than 60 countries. (d) English is (international) _____ recognized. (e) English language training (provide) _____ some companies Extra (1) It is a (wonder) _______ matter that job advertisements need those who have good working knowledge of English. (2) International meetings (hold) _____ English. (3) English (use) _____ as second language by 300 million people. (4) Many international organizations (use) _____ English officially. (5) English (speak) _____employees are needed frequently. (6) It is (believe) _____ by many people that English helps to get better jobs. (7) The persons who speak and write standard form of English are (employ) _____. (8) English is important (international) _____. (9) The passage shows the (important) _____ English. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Model Questions

(10) English speaking people are (frequent) _____ needed. (11) Many companies (advertisement) ______ employees of good working knowledge of English. (12) The International community can (help) _____ by English. (13) For (communicate) _____ English is used all over the world. (14) More than 80 percent of all the information of computer (be) _____ in English. (15) The business world maintain (communicate) _____ through English. 4. (a) Make a list of five advantages of English. 1×5=5 (b) Make five sentences from the table below. Employers often International Olympic Committee always English helps international communities English Some companies

1×5=5

national borders. the employees having good command over English. provide to intermingle as a second language by 300 million people. holds meeting in English. is used look for with each other. training for their employees to increase good working knowledge in English.

(c) Match the phrases from Column A with the ones in Column B. There are more phrases in Column B than are necessary. 1×5=5 A B (a) Statistics show (i) to international trade and commerce. (b) People using English as a (ii) essential for employees working on second language (iii) computers. sure to get good jobs and better (c) The wider use of English (iv) salaries. by international the unique status of English as an (d) organizations is English is (v) international language. (e) a great help are outnumbered by those whose first English language training (vi) language is English. is (vii) for international meetings and conferences. a sign of its great significance. Unit-3, Lesson-1 Read the passage below and answer Questions 5-8: Communicative competence refers to the ability to use a language appropriately in various circumstances. There are two ways of developing communicative competence in a language. The first is acquisition which is similar to the way people develop ability in their mother tongue. It is a natural, subconscious process in which users are Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Cambrian Learners’ Communicative English

not usually aware of acquiring a language. They are aware only of the fact that they are using the language for communication. In non-technical terms, acquisition is 'picking up' a language spontaneously. It may also be called ‘implicit learning. ' On the other hand, the second way of developing communicative competence in a language is learning that language. It refers to conscious knowledge of a second language, knowing the rules of language use, being aware of them and being able to talk about them. In non-technical terms, learning is to know consciously about a language. It may be described as explicit learning. Language specialists believe that acquiring a language is more successful and longer lasting than learning. Therefore, teachers these days encourage learners of a second language to practise and experience the language in different situations where they are involved in communicating with others. And that is exactly what the tasks in this book are designed to do. More Free (20 Marks) 5. Write short answers to the following questions. 1×5=5 (a) What do you mean by communicative competence? (b) How many ways can we develop communicative competence? (c) What do you mean by mother tongue? (d) What is the difference between acquisition and learning? (e) How is English learnt? Extra (1) What do the language specialists believe? (2) How do we develop our skills in second language? (3) What is explicit learning? (4) Why should the learners of second language be careful? (5) What do the teachers suggest? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1×5=5 Using a language in various situations (a) ___________ communicative competence. It can be (b)_______ by two ways. One is (c)_______ and another (d)_______ learning. Acquisition needs subconscious (e) _______ of the language and learning needs conscious knowledge. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences. 5 8. Connected set of set of actions involved in the process of ‘explicit’ learning leading to communicative competence. 1×5=5 1. Being conscious of the knowledge of the second language

Model Question-9 PartA: Seen Comprehension ( 4o Marks) Unit-3, Lesson-3 Read the passage below and answer Questions 1-4 : Two friends, Raghib and Adeeb, wanted to learn how to ride a bicycle, Adeeb bought a book called "How to Ride a Bicycle" and started reading it. On the other hand, Raghib took out his bicycle on the street and started trying to ride it. He fell off several times and Adeeb laughed at him. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Model Questions

However, by the time Adeeb finished the first chapter of his book, Raghib was riding his bicycle fairly well. Adeeb knew how the bicycle worked but did not know how to use it from first-hand experience. Learning a language is like riding a bicycle. The most important thing about any language is communication. You learn to communicate effectively by using a language, by doing things with it and by experiencing it. You can learn English in the same way that Raghib learnt to ride a bicycle. Don't worry if people laugh at you when you make mistakes. You can certainly learn through mistakes. Objective (20 Marks) 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence: 1×5=5 (a) Adeeb (purchased/collected/procured) a book on cycle. (b) Ragib(dropped/drifted/dripped)several times. (c) Learning a language is (like/similar/resemblance) to cycling. (d) Everybody should show (liberal/literal/lingual) attitude to mistakes. (e) Adeeb (ignored/valued/evaluated) Ragib’s remark. Extra (1) Learning English (similarises/resembles/look like) riding a bicycle. (2) Ragib learnt bicycle riding swiftly as he was (constant/ theoritical/practical). (3) At the time of learning a language we should (ignore/insure/impure) other’s fault. (4) Adeeb was (practical/restless/theoritical) in learning language. (5) One should be (careful/careless/anxious) of his own mistakes. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information: 1×5=5 (a) Ragib practised riding bicycle practically. (b) There is no relation between riding a bicycle and learning English. (c) One can learn through mistakes. (d) Communication is an important side of learning a language. (e) Ragib learnt bicycle riding without facing any problem. Extra (1) One can make blunder while learning anything. (2) One can communicate effectively by using it. (3) One may become concerned if he makes mistakes. (4) Adeeb learnt how a bicycle works. (5) There is relation between riding a bicycle and learning English. (6) We should overlook mistakes of others. (7) One may be anxious if anybody laughs at him. (8) One can correspond with others through language. (9) People cut a joke at other’s fault. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words. Add any preposition if necessary: 1×5= 5 Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Cambrian Learners’ Communicative English

(a) (Ride) _____ a bicycle was the target of Adeeb and Ragib. (b) (Buy) _____ a book Adeeb started reading it. (c) Adeeb did not have any (know) _____ how to use a bicycle. (d) Learning language needs for (effectively) _____ communication. (e) None should be (worry) _____ if one laughs at him. Extra (1) (Take) _____ out his bicycle Ragib started trying to ride it. (2) It was (know) _____ Adeeb how the bicycle worked. (3) English can be (learn) _____ like the process of riding bicycle. (4) (Friend) _____ existed between Ragib and Adeeb. (5) One can learn through (make) _____ mistakes. (6) It is (certainly) _____ that one may make mistakes while learning anything. (7) Ragib was not in (need) _____ knowing everything. (8) The first chapter of the book (finish) _____ Ragib. (9) After taking out his bicycle Ragib gave a (try) _____ to ride it. (10) (Communication) _____ other one can learn a language easily. (11) Learning language is like (ride) _____ a bicycle. (12) To learn a language (important) _____ is given on communication. (13) Without (make) _____ mistakes none can learn exactly. (14) One can communicate effectively by getting (experienced) ___ the language. (15) Ragib’s (fell) _____ off made Adeeb laugh. 4. (a) Make a list of five important ways of learning a language. 1×5=5 (b) Make five sentences from the substitution table below. Adeeb Adeeb bought a book

1×5=5

ride a bicycle. how to use it from first hand experience.

who wanted to learn about riding a bicycle. which did not know riding a cycle. like knew gave him theoretical knowledge. the same way that Raghib learnt to ride a bicycle. (c) Match the phrases from Column A with the ones in Column B. There are more phrases in Column B than are necessary. 1×5=5 Learning a language is There were two friends Raghib

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Model Questions

A (a) Raghib fell off several times and (b) Adeeb finished the first chapter of his book and (c) Communication is the most important thing (d) Learning a language is similar to (e) Raghib and Adeeb wanted

B (i) to learn how to ride a bicycle. (ii) to learn how to ride a Honda. (iii) Raghib was riding his bicycle fairly well. (iv) about learning any foreign language. (v) riding a bicycle. (vi) Adeeb laughed at him. (vii) trying to ride it.

Unit-4 Lesson-1 Read the passage below and answer Questions 5-8: The Chinese put a lot of emphasis on the unity of the family. In the cities, the parks are often crowded with families spending their time together. There are lots of nice, clean parks for people to spend their time in. Sometimes musicians and acrobats perform in the open air to entertain people who are present there. In the evening many families spend their free time watching television. The Japanese love to take part in sports in their free time. Baseball, golf and martial arts such as judo and karate are specially popular with men. Most students do not have much free time but during their holidays they join English clubs or art clubs. They also love skate boarding which involves riding on a flat piece of wood that has wheels under it. A lot of practice is needed to keep your balance on the board as it moves. In Canada recreational activities can be divided into two types-summer and winter activities. Canada is a very cold country with snow everywhere in winter. Skiing is therefore a popular sport at that time and involves sliding down mountain slopes wearing a pair of skis. Snowboarding, which is very much like skateboarding, is also a favorite sports. The only difference between the two is that snowboarding is done on snow while skateboarding is done on concrete. In summer people love to go fishing, boating or swimming in places where there are large lakes or sea beaches. In other places, golf and tennis are quite popular. Many people also go hunting, hiking, camping, or bird watching for outdoor activities. Hiking involves going for a very long walk in the mountains or in the countryside. For camping people go, sometimes with their families to live in the mountains or open spaces away from the city. There are many camping sites that provide facilities for food, sanitation and emergency medical services. For the Germans leisure has become a major pursuit. Formerly, Germans used to work ten hours a day and six days a week and had very little time for leisure. But in modern times working hours in Germany have become shorter stretching over five days only. People have therefore more time to spare now than in the past. They are so interested in spending their free time effectively that there is even a German Leisure Association that conducts research on leisure activities. The Germans love to travel and almost half of all adults in Germany have made a trip outside the country just for Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Cambrian Learners’ Communicative English

pleasure and relaxation. There are also many sports centres where young people go for physical exercise. Going to dance clubs or long drives are other favourite pastimes. Hiking, going walking or visiting families and friends are also some of the most common leisure activities there. However, whatever the country, one activity that is common to all is—watching television. More Free (20 Marks) 5. Write short answer to these questions: 1×5=5 (a) On what do the Chinese emphasize? (b) How do the Chinese spend their free time? (c) How do the German spend their free time? (d) What is the difference between skate boarding and snowboarding? (e) What do camping sites provide? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words: 1×5=5 In Japan, men(a)_______ fond of base ball, golf and martial arts(b)_______ most students have not much free time, they spend their leisure (c) _________ English clubs or arts clubs (d)________ holidays. They also love(e) ________ on skate boarding. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences. 5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes showing how the Japanese spend their free time. 1×5=5 1. Taking part in sport

Model Question-10 PartA: Seen Comprehension ( 4o Marks) Unit-4, Lesson-1 Read the passage below and answer Questions 1-4 : The Chinese put a lot of emphasis on the unity of the family. In the cities, the parks are often crowded with families spending their time together. There are lots of nice, clean parks for people to spend their time in. Sometimes musicians and acrobats perform in the open air to entertain people who are present there. In the evening many families spend their free time watching television. The Japanese love to take part in sports in their free time. Baseball, golf and martial arts such as judo and karate are specially popular with men. Most students do not have much free time but during their holidays they join English clubs or art clubs. They also love skate boarding which involves riding on a flat piece of wood that has wheels under it. A lot of practice is needed to keep your balance on the board as it moves. In Canada recreational activities can be divided into two types-summer and winter activities. Canada is a very cold country with snow everywhere in winter. Skiing is therefore a popular sport at that time and involves sliding down mountain slopes wearing a pair of skis. Snowboarding, which is very much like skateboarding, is also a favourite sports. The only difference between the two is that snowboarding is done on snow while skateboarding is done on concrete. In summer people love to go fishing, boating or swimming in places where there are large lakes or sea beaches. In Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Model Questions

other places, golf and tennis are quite popular. Many people also go hunting, hiking, camping, or bird watching for outdoor activities. Hiking involves going for a very long walk in the mountains or in the countryside. For camping people go, sometimes with their families to live in the mountains or open spaces away from the city. There are many camping sites that provide facilities for food, sanitation and emergency medical services. For the Germans leisure has become a major pursuit. Formerly, Germans used to work ten hours a day and six days a week and had very little time for leisure. But in modern times working hours in Germany have become shorter stretching over five days only. People have therefore more time to spare now than in the past. They are so interested in spending their free time effectively that there is even a German Leisure Association that conducts research on leisure activities. The Germans love to travel and almost half of all adults in Germany have made a trip outside the country just for pleasure and relaxation. There are also many sports centres where young people go for physical exercise. Going to dance clubs or long drives are other favourite pastimes. Hiking, going walking or visiting families and friends are also some of the most common leisure activities there. However, whatever the country, one activity that is common to all is—watching television. Objective (20 Marks) 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence: 1×5=5 (a) The Chinese emphasize/emphasis/important a lot on the unity of the family. (b) In China/Japan/Canada most students don’t have much free time. (c) Musicians and acrobats in China perform in the open air to impress/amuse/depress the people. (d) Skating engages/entails/essential going down mountain slopes. (e) In the past the Germans worked eight/nine/ten hours a day. Extra (1) German Language Association supervises/sanctions/ explores a research on leisure. (2) The Japanese are fond/devoted/like of sports. (3) Skates boarding is done on the earth/concrete/brick. (4) For the Germans, leisure has become a major quest/quarrel/quarry. (5) For camping people sometimes go to spend leisure in the field/ mountain/ village. (6) Camping sites supply/deploy/employ facilities for food. (7) Skiing is a populous/fabulous/favourite pastime to the Canadians. (8) The parks of China are often congested/ conquered/ echoed with families. (9) On holidays Japanese students attend/assure/ add English clubs. (10) A lot of practice is requisite/required/resembled for skate boarding. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information: 1×5=5 (a) The unity of the family in China is very strong. (b) Skate boarding is to ride on a flat piece of wood. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Cambrian Learners’ Communicative English

(c) Previously the Germans worked five days a week. (d) Students of Japan are fond of skate boarding. (e) All over the world the people spend their leisure watching television. Extra (1) The Germans have now little time to relax. (2) All adults in Germany like to make journey with their family. (3) There is biting cold in Canada. (4) There is a little bit difference between skate boarding and snowboarding. (5) Germans leisure period has become shorter. (6) There are two types of past times in Japan. (7) The Canadian swim in the big river or pond. (8) Sports center are scarcely found in Germany. (9) The parks of Japan are always teemed with families. (10) Young people in Canada do physical exercise. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words. Add any preposition if necessary: 1×5=5 (a) A lot of emphasis (put) ______ the unity of the family in Canada. (b) Most families in China (crowd) ______ the parks. (c) German’s leisure has become as (shorter) ______ as the previous. (d) The Japanese (take) ______ part in sports in their free time. (e) The Canadians (divide) ______ their recreational activities into two. Extra (1) (Perform) ______ of the acrobats and musicians are presented in the open field. (2) In Canada a lot of clean parks (find) ______. (3) Musician and acrobats provide (entertain) ______ to the people in the parks. (4) Base ball, golf and martial arts have got (popular) ______ in Japan. (5) During holidays most students in Japan spend their free time (join) _____ English clubs. (6) There is (involve) ______ of riding on a flat piece of wood. (7) Skate boarding is (love) ______ by students in Japan. (8) One (need) ______ a lot of practice for skate boarding. (9) It (snow) ______ in Canada in winter. (10) Skiing gained(popular) ______ in Canada. 4. (a) Make a list of five points about the recreational activities of the Germans. 1 × 5 =5 (b) Make sentences from the table below. Many people go to the sports centres

1×5=5

because physical exercise is necessary

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Model Questions

Germans get little time to relax Most of the Germans make a trip to other countries Skiing is a popular game in Canada People like bird-watching

it is a cold country they work hard it is attractive six days a week they love to travel

(c) Match the phrases from Column A with the ones in Column B. There are more phrases in Column B than are necessary. 1×5=5 A (a) For camping people go (b) Snow boarding (c) In summer (d) Going to dance clubs or for long drives are (e) Canada is a very cold country

B (i) people love to go fishing. (ii) to move over snow on skis. (in) is also a favourite sport. (iv) other popular pastimes. (v) to spend a few days in the mountains. (vi) with snow everywhere. (vii) some of the most common leisure.

Unit-3 Lesson-3 Read the passage below and answer Questions 5-8: Two friends, Raghib and Adeeb, wanted to learn how to ride a bicycle, Adeeb bought a book called "How to Ride a Bicycle" and started reading it. On the other hand, Raghib took out his bicycle on the street and started trying to ride it. He fell off several times and Adeeb laughed at him. However, by the time Adeeb finished the first chapter of his book, Raghib was riding his bicycle fairly well. Adeeb knew how the bicycle worked but did not know how to use it from first-hand experience. Learning a language is like riding a bicycle. The most important thing about any language is communication. You learn to communicate effectively by using a language, by doing things with it and by experiencing it.You can learn English in the same way that Raghib learnt to ride a bicycle. Don't worry if people laugh at you when you make mistakes. You can certainly learn through mistakes. More Free (20 Marks) 5. Write short answer to the following question: 1×5=5 (a) What was Ragib to Adeeb? (b) How did Adeeb learn bicycle riding? (c) What was the name of Adeeb’s book? (d) Why did Adeeb fall off several times? (e) How is riding a bicycle similar to learning a language? Extra 1) What is the most important thing in learning a language? 2) What will we do if one laughs while we make mistakes? Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Cambrian Learners’ Communicative English

3) Why did Adeeb laugh at Rajib? 4) What did Ragib want to do? 5) What was the difference between Ragib and Adeeb? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words: 1×5=5 Ragib and Adeeb, two friends, wanted to learn(a) _______a bicycle. Adeeb (b) __________ reading a book named’ How to Ride a Bicycle. But Rabgib started (c) __________ his bicycle. Adeeb was learning theoretically. So he learnt how a bicycle worked. On the contrary, Ragib was learning (d) _______ So he learnt (e) _______ completely and easily. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences. 5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes showing the process of learning a language. 1×5=5 1. Reading books

Model Question-11 PartA: Seen Comprehension ( 4o Marks) Unit-5, Lesson-3 Read the passage below and answer Questions 1-4 : In Parambanan in Indonesia, worshippers consider themselves to be possessed by gods. In this state, they are able to drive needle through their cheeks and tongue without feeling any pain. In the island of Bali, Indonesia, dancers meditate and make themselves go into trancelike state. They can then pierce their bodies with daggers without drawing out any blood. Fakirs who practise Yoga learn to control their breathing to such an extent that their heart beats at only two beats a minute whereas a normal human heart beats 70-80 times per minute. They can then keep their heads buried in the ground for as long as they want without breathing. Firewalkers in Polynesia believe themselves to be under the spell of a magical force called 'mana'. When they hold the hands of a spectator s/he also doesn't feel any pain. Researchers think the secret lies in walking very fast and not to let the feet be in touch with fire for a long time to be burnt. Some Buddhist monks have learnt the art of meditation to such an extent that they can actually make their body temperature rise high enough to make vapours come out of wet towels placed on their bodies. Objective (20 Marks) 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence: 1×5=5 (a) In Indonesia adorers/creators/makers consider themselves to be possessed by God. (b) The secret lies in walking quickly/ slowly/narrowly. (c) Buddhist monks/ Indonesian worshippers/Yoga Fakirs have learnt the art of meditation. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Model Questions

(d) The Yoga Fakirs control their breathing to a/ an some/ certain/ unlimited extent. (e) Indonesian dancers through meditation can penetrate/ pull/push their bodies with draggers. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information: 1×5=5 (a) Yoga is considered a good exercise for controlling breathing. (b) Researchers do not think, magic is the secret of walking on fire. (c) Buddhist monks drive needles through their cheeks. (d) The dancers of Bali can pierce their bodies with draggers. (e) Polynesian fire walkers teach the spectators how to use magic. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words. Add any preposition if necessary: 1×5=5 (a) Indonesian worshippers have the (able) ______ drive the needles. (b) It (think) ______ researchers that the secret lies in walking fast. (c) Yoga Fakirs control their (breathe) ______. (d) The spectators of walking on fire don’t have any (feel) ______ (e) Fakirs (practice) ______ Yoga learn to control their breathing. 4. Make a list of five strange personalities of Indonesia and Polynesia: 1 × 5 = 5 Unit-5 Lesson-5 Read the passage below and answer Questions 5-8 : A cook once roasted a duck for his master. The roast looked so delicious that the cook couldn't resist the temptation and ate up one of the drumsticks. When his master sat down to eat he quickly noticed the missing leg and asked what had happened to the other leg. The cook told him that the duck had one leg only. The master was not to be fooled. He said that there was no such thing as a one-legged duck. The cook insisted that this duck had only one leg. The master was very annoyed with the stubbornness of the cook and threatened to fire him from this job. Right at that moment, the cook looked out of the window and saw some ducks resting outside in the courtyard. One of the ducks was standing on one leg and had the other leg folded inside. He drew the attention of his master and showed him that some ducks did indeed have one leg. The master clapped his hands loudly which startled the duck. It put down its other leg as well, and ran off. The maser looked at the cook. The cook replied quietly that his master was right after all. If he had known this trick, he would have clapped his hands too before cooking to bring out the other leg. The master was very amused by the ready wit of the cook and said that he would forgive him this time because it was the first time. But he did not want to see any more one-legged ducks on the table in future. More Free (20 Marks) 5. Write short answer to these questions: 1×5=5 (a) How did the roast look? (b) Why did the cook fail to resist temptation? (c) What did the cook see outside? (d) Who won at last? Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Cambrian Learners’ Communicative English

(e) Why did the cook fail to befool his master? Extra (1) What startled the duck? (2) Why did the master forgive the cook? (3) Why did the master clap? (4) How did the cook make his master laugh? (5) How was the master amused? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1×5=5 The cook cooked the roast so (a) ______ that he himself (b) ______ to resist his temptation. He could not but(c) ______ one of the drumsticks. Sitting down to eat, it (d) ______ to the notice of the master. He asked (e) ______ happened to the other leg. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences : 5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes showing how assertive the cook in his expression. 1×5=5 1. Trying to befool his master

Model Question-12 PartA: Seen Comprehension (4o Marks) Unit-5, Lesson-5 Read the passage below and answer Questions 1-4 : A cook once roasted a duck for his master. The roast looked so delicious that the cook couldn't resist the temptation and ate up one of the drumsticks. When his master sat down to eat he quickly noticed the missing leg and asked what had happened to the other leg. The cook told him that the duck had one leg only. The master was not to be fooled. He said that there was no such thing as a one-legged duck. The cook insisted that this duck had only one leg. The master was very annoyed with the stubbornness of the cook and threatened to fire him from this job. Right at that moment, the cook looked out of the window and saw some ducks resting outside in the courtyard. One of the ducks was standing on one leg and had the other leg folded inside. He drew the attention of his master and showed him that some ducks did indeed have one leg. The master clapped his hands loudly which startled the duck. It put down its other leg as well, and ran off. The master looked at the cook. The cook replied quietly that his master was right after all. If he had known this trick, he would have clapped his hands too before cooking to bring out the other leg. The master was very amused by the ready wit of the cook and said that he would forgive him this time because it was the first time. But he did not want to see any more one-legged ducks on the table in future. Objective (20 Marks) 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence: 1×5=5 (b) The duck (roasted/was roasted/ was roasting) by the cook. (c) The roast looked very (tasteful/succulent/appetizing). (d) The insistence of the cook (hugged/irritated/harassed) the master. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Model Questions

(e) The (statement/expression/idea) of the master was proved true. (f) The master (penalized/forgave/unpunished) the cook. Extra (1) The (inflexibility/flexibility/softness) of the cook annoyed the master. (2) Finally the cook (agreed/ accepted/ supported) the master. (3) The cook failed to (guile/ begot/ convince) the master. (4) The cook was forgiven for his (presence/absence/ innocence) of mind. (5) Hands’ clap of the master (puzzled/purified/harassed) the master. (6) The cook failed to (hinder/protect/prevent) his temptation. (7) The cook seems to be (intelligent/innocent/ignorant). (8) The ready wit of the cook (gladdened/tricked/ befooled) the master. (9) The cook (persisted/protected/prohibited) that the duck had one leg only. (10) The master (feared/tore/told) to dismiss him from the job. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information: 1×5=5 (a) The cook was able to misguide the master. (b) The artifice of the cook delighted the master. (c) The master dismissed the cook from his job. (d) The roast was too appetizing to be overlooked. (e) The duck really belonged to one leg. Extra (1) The obstinacy of the cook pleased the master. (2) The cook persisted that the duck had one leg only. (3) A cook roasted a duck for the guest of his master. (4) The master got pleasure getting the answer of the cook. (5) The stubbornness of the cook amused the master. (6) The cook was very cunning. (7) The master saw one legged duck before. (8) The master forgave the cook for the first time. (9) The cook at last confessed his fault. (10) The cook was polite after all. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words. Add any preposition if necessary. 1×5=5 (a) A duck (roast) ______ a cook one day. (b) The delicious roast (tempt) ______ the cook. (c) One of the drumstick (eat) ______ the cook. (d) (Sit) ______ down to eat the master noticed the missing leg (e) The missing leg came to the (notice) ______ the master. Extra (1) The (delicious) ______ of the roast tempted the cook. (2) The cook failed to make the master(fool) ______ Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Cambrian Learners’ Communicative English

(3) The stubbornness of the cook (annoy) ______ the master. (4) The cook show (insist) ______ of having one leg only. (5) The cook had (stubborn) ______ in his statement. (6) The (insist) ______ the cook irritated the master. (7) The master gave (threaten) ______ the cook. (8) (Look) ______ out of the window the cook saw a duck on the court yard. (9) The cook saw some duck (rest) ______ on the yard. (10) The cook was (quietly) ______ at the time of replying. 4. (a) Make a list of five deeds of the cook. 1×5=5 (b) Make five sentences from the table below. The master The cook

1×5=5

the duck deliciously. too silly to be credible. one of the drumsticks. The cook's lie the cook for his misdeed. He amused by the ready wit of the cook. one of the ducks. (c) Match the phrases from Column A with the ones in Column B. There are more phrases in Column B than are necessary. 1×5=5 saw threatened ate roasted was

A (a) The master clapped his hands (b) The master was very annoyed (c) The roast looked (d) The cook told him (e) The master was very amused

B (i) so delightfully. (ii) with the stubbornness of the cook. (iii) loudly which startled the duck. (iv) by the ready wit of the cook. (v) so delicious. (vi) that the duck had one leg only. (vii) as a one-legged duck.

Unit-5 Lesson-3 Read the passage below and answer Questions 5-8 : In Parambanan in Indonesia, worshippers consider themselves to be possessed by gods. In this state, they are able to drive needle through their cheeks and tongue without feeling any pain. In the island of Ball, Indonesia, dancers meditate and make themselves go into trancelike state. They can then pierce their bodies with daggers without drawing out any blood. Fakirs who practise Yoga learn to control their breathing to such an extent that their heart beats at only two beats a minute whereas a normal human heart beats 70-80 times per minute. They can then keep their heads buried in the ground for a long as they want without breathing. Fire walkers in Polynesia believe themselves to be under the spell of a magical force called 'mana'. When they hold the hands of a spectator s/he also doesn't feel any pain. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Model Questions

Researchers think the secret lies in walking very fast and not to let the feet be in touch with fire for a long time to be burnt. Some Buddhist monks have learnt the art of meditation to such an extent that they can actually make their body temperature rise high enough to make vapours come out of wet towels placed on their bodies. More Free (20 Marks) 5. Write short answer to these questions: 1×5=5 (a) What do Indonesian worshippers think? (b) How do Indonesian worshippers drive needles? (c) What do researchers of Polynesia think of walking on fire? (d) What do Indonesian dancers do? (e) What is the normal human heart beat? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words: 1×5=5 Indonesian worshippers (a) ______ that they are (b) ______ by gods. In the state they(c) ______ drive needles but don’t (d) ______ any blood. Again the dancers of Bali make themselves go in to trance-like state through(e)________ 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences. 5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes showing different personalities of different countries. 1×5=5 1. Possessed by god in Indonesia

Model Question-13 PartA: Seen Comprehension (4o Marks) Unit-5, Lesson-6 Read the passage below and answer Questions 1-4: His name was Jerry; he has been at the orphanage since he was four. I could picture him at four, with the same grave gray-blue eyes and the same-independence? No, the word that comes to me is "integrity". It is embedded on courage, but it is more than brave. It is honest, but it is more than honesty. The axe handle broke one day. Jerry said the orphanage woodshop would repair it. I brought money to pay for the job and he refused it. "I'll pay for it," he said, "I brought the axe down careless." "But no one hits accurately every time, “I told him, "The fault was in the handle." It was only then that he would take the money. He was standing back of his own carelessness. He was a freewill agent and he chose to do careful work: and if he failed he took the responsibility without subterfuge. And he did for me the unnecessary thing, the gracious thing that we find done only by the great of heart. Things no training can teach, for they are done on the instant, with no predicated experience. He found a cubbyhole beside the fireplace that I had not noticed. There, of his own accord, he put wood, so that I might always have dry fire material ready in case of sudden wet weather. A stone was loose in the rough walk to Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Cambrian Learners’ Communicative English

the cabin. He dug a deeper hole and steadied it, although he came, himself by a shortcut over the bank. I found that when I tried to return his thoughtfulness with such things as candy and apples, he was wordless. "Thank you" was, perhaps, an expression for which he had no use, for his courtesy was instinctive. He only looked at the gift and at me and a curtain lifted, so that I saw deeper into the clear well of his eyes; and gratitude was there, and affection, soft over the firm granite of character. Objective (20 Marks) 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence: 1×5=5 (a) Jerry was fond of dependence/liberty/equity. (b) The phrase ‘of his own accord’ means willingly/ selflessly/ ruthlessly. (c) Jerry took gifts with thankfulness/ abhorrence/ benevolence. (d) Jerry worked for the authoress willingly/eagerlessly/ simply. (e) Jerry’s courtesy was inborn/cumulative/creative Extra (1) Jerry took the responsibility without an artifice/artfulness/thoughtfulness (2) Jerry was a boy of delicate/extrovert/firm character. (3) Jerry thought himself to be liable/fortunate/ irresponsible for breaking the axehandle. (4) Jerry was always conscious/attentive/careful to the comfort of the authoress. (5) Jerry had been at the orphanage since he was five/six/four. (6) According to the writer integrity is embedded on dishonesty/ courage/ discourage. (7) According to the writer integrity is more than dishonesty/ honesty/arrogance. (8) According to the writer integrity is more than brave/grave/deprive. (9) No one hits similarly/ honestly/ accurately every time. (10) Jerry's sense of duty/courtesy/integrity impressed the authoress. (11) Jerry wanted to get the axe-handle repair/repaired/ repairing. (12) Jerry's courtesy was formal/artificial/inborn. (13) Jerry came to the orphanage at the age of eight/ four/twelve. (14) The phrase 'of his own accord' means willingly/at random/freely. (15) What impressed the writer most was Jerry's integrity/ probity/fairness. (16) It was because of his greatness/magnanimity/ generosity of heart Jerry chose to do careful work. (17) Jerry did good things for the comfort of the authoress without being demanded/wanted/ asked. (18) As his courtesy was simple/instinctive/common he did not thank the writer. (19) Jerry took the responsibility without excuse/temptation/ delay. 2. True/false? If false, give the correct information. 1x5 = 5 (a) Jerry did for the writer the unnecessary thing. (b) Jerry steadied the loose stone for his own use. (c) Jerry said the orphanage woodshop would repair the broken axe handle. (d) Jerry was standing back of his own care. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

100

Model Questions

(e) The writer told Jerry that the fault had been in the handle of axe. Extra (1) Jerry was crazy to have motherly love, and affection. (2) Jerry had been at the orphanage for four years. (3) Integrity is embedded on courage. (4) Jerry did for me the necessary thing. (5) One day Jerry broke the axe handle. (6) Jerry had moral courage to confess his fault. (7) He did the odd job willingly. (8) Jerry was in the habit of thanking others. (9) He put the fire wood in the cubby hole. (10) The axe-handle broke because Jerry brought the axe down careless. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words. Add any prepositions if necessary. 1×5= 5 (a) The writer could (imaginative)___________him at four years old. (b) The writer (bring) __________money to pay for the job. (c) Jerry (like) ___________do careful work. (d) Jerry was supposed to be a freewill (agency) ________. (e) He took every responsibility without (excusal) _______. Extra (1) Jerry (be) ___________at the orphanage since he was four. (2) He took the (responsible) ___________breaking the axe-handle. (3) He chose to work (careful) ___________. (4) He was an orphan boy (live) ___________the orphanage. (5) (Dig) ___________a deeper hole, Jerry steadied a loose stone. (6) Jerry (admit) ___________his fault without subterfuge. (7) Jerry did his work (careful) ___________ (8) In case of his (fail) ___________ Jerry took the responsibility. (9) (Stand) ________back of his own carelessness, Jerry earned the admiration of the writer. (10) There (be) ___________a fault in the axe handle when Jerry started chopping wood. 4. (a) Make a list of five points describing Jerry's character. 1×5= 5 (b) Make five sentences from the table below. 1×5= 5 Jerry was sent The authoress had Jerry Jerry did not say 'thank you'

was fixed a special meaning to the orphanage had because

for the word integrity. at the age of four. he did not believe in formality. affection for Jerry.

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Cambrian Learners’ Communicative English

Jerry's integrity

have

101

his mental freedom. firmly on courage.

(c) Match the phrases from Column A with the ones in Column B. There are more phrases in Column B than are necessary. 1×5= 5 (a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

A Jerry found a cubbyhole Jerry was standing back It is embedded on courage, Jerry was The authoress intended to see

B (i) but it is more than brave. (ii) beside the stone. (iii) beside the fireplace. (iv) deeper into the clear well of his (Jerry's) eyes. (v) a freewill agent. (vi) of his own carelessness. (vii) was not dishonest.

Unit: 06 Lesson:03 Read the passage below and answer questions 5-8 : In recent years, there have been many alarming reports that the world's climate is undergoing a significant change. All these reports provide strong evidence that world temperatures are increasing day by day. This increase in global warming is caused by increased amounts of carbon dioxide around the earth. Most climatologists believe that the greenhouse effect is the likely cause of this global warming. What is the greenhouse effect? It is the gradual warming of the air surrounding the earth as a result of heat being trapped by environmental pollution. This is exemplified by the destruction and burning down of tropical rain forests, by traffic that clogs up city streets, by the rapid growth of industry, the use of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) in packaging and manufacturing commercial products, the use of detergents such as washing powder and washing-up liquid and so on. The oceans are also said to be affected both because of human waste and because of pollution caused by industrial waste products, oil seeping from damaged supertankers and from other maritime disasters. However, the main culprits for global warming are carbon dioxide gas, produced by the burning of fossil fuels and forests, and pollutants such as methane and chlorofluorocarbons. Climatologists predict that midway through the next century, temperatures may have risen by as much as 4°C. This could catastrophically reduce mankind's ability to grow food, destroy or severely damage wildlife and wilderness, raise sea level and thereby flood coastal areas and farmland. The alarming news about Bangladesh is that as a result of the rise of the sea level, the lower southern part of the country may one day go under water. 5. Write short answers to these questions about environment. 1x5 = 5 (a) What do you understand by "global warming”? (b) What is the greenhouse effect? (c) How does global warming affect wildlife and wildernesses? (d) What are the causes of global warming? (e) How is deforestation related to the greenhouse effect? Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

102

Model Questions

6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words: 1x5=5 Global warming is a serious threat to human civilization. Because of it sea level is (a) _______ gradually. If it continues unabated, many (b) ______ of the world will go under water. Bangladesh will not be an (c) ______ to this. The cause of global warming is environmental (d) _______. So we should take (e) _______ measures to prevent our environment from being polluted. 7. Summarise the passage mentioning five causes of the rise in the temperature. 1x5= 5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow chart showing the causes and consequences of the greenhouse effect. 1x5 = 5 1. Increasing of carbon dioxide

Model Question-14 PartA: Seen Comprehension ( 4o Marks) Unit-6, Lesson-2 Read the passage below and answer the question no:1-4 Water, another vital element of the environment, is also polluted in different ways. Man pollutes water by throwing waste into it. Farmers use chemical fertilizers and insecticides in their fields. When rain and floods wash away some of these chemicals they get mixed with water in rivers, canals and ponds. Mills and factories also throw their poisonous chemicals and waste products into rivers and canals and thus pollute the water. Water vehicles also pollute rivers by dumping oil, food waste and human waste into them. In sanitary latrines and unsafe drains standing on river and canal banks are also responsible for further pollution. Thus water is contaminated by various kinds of waste and filth. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1x5=5 (a) Water is an urgent/important/ultimate element of the environment. (b) Water is camouflaged/refined/contaminated by waste. (c) Farmers/Engines/Sea vessels use chemical fertilizers and insecticides. (d) Rain and floods wash away the chemicals/seeds/plants. (e) Mills and factories throw their refined/defective/waste products into rivers and canals. Extra (1) Poisonous chemicals from farmlands/mills and factories/residential areas pollute the water. (2) Insanitary latrines and unsafe/deep/muddy drains are also responsible for further pollution, (3) Water is contaminated by various kinds of waste and products/objects/filth. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information. 1x5 = 5 (a) Water is a less important element of the environment. (b) Water cannot be polluted. (c) There is only one way of water pollution. (d) Farmers always use natural fertilizers in their fields. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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(e) Rain and floods wash away chemicals to the rivers, canals and ponds. Extra (1) Mills and factories also pollute water. (2) Mills and factories throw their refined products into water. (3) Water vehicles are not responsible for water pollution. (4) In sanitary latrines and unsafe drains standing on river and canal banks are also responsible for water pollution, (5) Our water is contaminated by various kinds of waste and filth. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words. Add any prepositions if necessary. 1×5=5 (a) Water is (contaminate) _______ different ways. (b) We often pollute water by (throw) _______waste into it. (c) Farmers (use) _______chemical fertilizers and insecticides in fields. (d) Chemicals are (mix) _______ water in rivers, canals and ponds. (e) Chemical fertilizers (wash) ______ away by rain and floods. Extra (1) In sanitary latrines and unsafe drains (stand) _______ the bank of rivers are responsible for water pollution. (2) Water vehicles also pollute rivers by (dump) _____oil, food waste and human waste into them, (3) Poisonous chemicals (throw) _______ water cause water pollution. (4) Water (contaminate) _______ various kinds of waste and filth. 4. (a) Make a list of five agents who are responsible for water pollution, also mentioning how they pollute water. 5 Or, (b) From your study of the passage choose the suitable phrases from Column B to match the parts of sentence in Column A. 5 Column A a) Environment is polluted by b) Vehicles emit c) Man contaminates water d) There is no place left to e) Man makes fire

Column B a) dump waste b) for various purposes c) smoke d) rubbish e) in various ways.

Unit-5 Lesson-6 Read the passage below and answer Questions: 5-8 His name was Jerry; he has been at the orphanage since he was four. I could picture him at four, with the same grave gray-blue eyes and the same-independence? No, the word that comes to me is "integrity". It is embedded on courage, but it is more than brave. It is honest, but it is more than honesty. The axe handle broke one day. Jerry said the orphanage woodshop would repair it. I brought money to pay for the job and he refused it. "I'll pay for it," he said, "I brought the axe down careless." Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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"But no one hits accurately every time, " I told him, "The fault was in the handle." It was only then that he would take the money. He was standing back of his own carelessness. He was a freewill agent and he chose to do careful work: and if he failed he took the responsibility without subterfuge. And he did for me the unnecessary thing, the gracious thing that we find done only by the great of heart. Things no training can teach, for they are done on the instant, with no predicated experience. He found a cubbyhole beside the fireplace that I had not noticed. There, of his own accord, he put wood, so that I might always have dry fire material ready in case of sudden wet weather. A stone was loose in the rough walk to the cabin. He dug a deeper hole and steadied it, although he came, himself by a shortcut over the bank. I found that when I tried to return his thoughtfulness with such things as candy and apples, he was wordless. "Thank you" was, perhaps, an expression for which he had no use, for his courtesy was instinctive. He only looked at the gift and at me and a curtain lifted, so that I saw deeper into the clear well of his eyes; and gratitude was there, and affection, soft over the firm granite of character. More Free (20 Marks) 5. Write short answers to these questions about Jerry: 1×5=5 (a) Who was Jerry? (b) When had he been at the orphanage? (c) What did Jerry break? (d) What did Jerry do for the writer? (e) What did the writer see in Jerry? Extra (1) What is integrity embedded on? (2) Where was Jerry living when he was four? (3) Why did Jerry want to pay for the repair of the axe handle? (4) When did Jerry agree to take the money for the repair of the axe handle? (5) "The fault was in the handle" who said this? (6) Why did not Jerry thank the writer? (7) What impressed the writer most? (8) Why did Jerry choose to do careful work? (9) Why did Jerry do good things for the authoress? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words: 1×5=5 Jerry was an (a) ___________boy. He lost his parents when he was four. He had no (b) ___________to live in. So, he had been at the orphanage since he was four. While living there, he developed a strong (c) ___________of morality. And the only word that can suitably define his character is (d) _______. It is based on (e) _________. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences. 5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow chart showing how Jerry who had been at the orphanage, could maintain his integrity. (No. 1 has been done for you) : 1×5=5 Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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Model Question-15 PartA: Seen Comprehension (40 Marks) Unit-6, Lesson-2n (B Read the passage below and answer Questions 1-8: The world is producing millions of tons of domestic rubbish and toxic industrial waste each year, and it is becoming increasingly difficult to find suitable locations to get rid of all the refuse. The disposal of various kinds of waste is seriously polluting the environment. We know that air is an important element of our environment and our air is polluted by smoke. Man makes fires to cook food, make bricks, melt tar for road construction and to do many other things. Fires create smoke and pollute the air. Railway engines and powerhouses create smoke by burning coal and oil. Mills and factories also belch a lot of smoke. Buses, trucks and cars use petrol and diesel oil. These too emit smoke. All these kinds of smoke pollute the air. Water, another vital element of the environment, is also polluted in different ways. Man pollutes water by throwing waste into it. Farmers use chemical fertilizers and insecticides in their fields. When rain and floods wash away some of these chemicals, they get mixed with water in rivers, canals and ponds. Mills and factories also throw their poisonous chemicals and waste products into rivers and canals and thus pollute water. Water vehicles also pollute rivers by dumping oil, food waste and human waste into them. Insanitary latrines and unsafe drains standing on river and canal banks are also responsible for further pollution. Thus, water is contaminated by various kinds of waste and filth. Objective (20 Marks) 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1×5=5 (a) Chemical fertilizers and insecticides use/used/are used in agricultural lands pollute water. (b) There remains/stays/leave no place to dump waste. (c) It is difficult to dispose waste because of suitable/available/empty location. (d) Mills and factories also contain/vomit/emit smoke. (e) The untidy/ unhygienic /unwanted latrines cause water pollution. Extra (1) Smoke creates/created/creating by fire pollutes air. (2) Chemicals wash/washed/are washed away by rain and floods are responsible for water pollution. (3) Environment pollution can be mininised by being hopeful/conscious/helpful. (4) Dirt/weed/smoke causes water pollution. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information. 1×5=5 (a) There is no suitable place for garbaging domestic rubbish and industrial waste. (b) The cause of water pollution is the disposal of various kinds of waste. (c) Water is contaminated by smoke. (d) All types of latrines standing on the river and canal don’t cause water pollution. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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(e) Chemical fertilizers and insecticides help to prevent water from being polluted. Extra (1) Considering the importance of water for life is next to air. (2) All types of insanitary latrines pollute water. (3) Man is not responsible for polluting environment. (4) Water vehicles have no connection with water pollution. (5) Man pollutes water by misusing it. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words in the brackets. Add any preposition if necessary. 1×5=5 (a) People are facing much (difficult) — to find suitable locations to get rid of all these. (b) Chemicals and waste products (throw)—mills and factories are very poisonous. (c) Mills and factories are responsible for (poison) ———— water. (d) Millions of tons of domestic rubbish and toxic industrial waste are being (produce) — — the world. (e) The environment is being (contaminate) ——— the disposal of various kinds of waste. Extra (1) Smoke is (create) ———— fire. (2) Various kinds of waste and filth cause the (contaminate) ——— water. (3) (Emit) ———— smoke is also caused by buses, trucks and cars. (4) It is (know) ———— all that air is an important element. (5) Fire is (make) ——— man to cook food. (6) Chemicals (get) ———— mixed with water causes water pollution. (7) Man pollutes environment by (dump) ———— waste here and there. 4. (a) Make a list of five things that pollute environment. 1x5 = 5 Or. (b) Make sentences from the following substitution table. 5 (i) Air and water (ii) They (iii) Insanitary latrines

is have add

essential to prevent pollution. rare in Bangladesh. less importance for man.

(iv) All types of smokes (v) Public awareness

cause are are being polluted has

important for our existence. by many ways. to water pollution. air pollution.

5. Write short answers to these questions. (a) How do mills and factories pollute water? (b) How can we prevent water pollution? (c) Where do farmers use chemical fertilizers and insecticides? (d) How do water vehicles contribute to water pollution?

1×5=5

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(e) Do you think insanitary latrines and unsafe drains are responsible for water pollution? Extra (1) Why does man make fire? (2) Why is tar used? (3) Why is it difficult to dispose waste? (4) In how many ways can smoke be created? (5) How do rail engines and powerhouses pollute air? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1×5=5 If we want to live a (a)—— life, we should prevent the pollution of the (b)——. Total prevention may be (c) —— but we can certainly (d)——— pollution by raising (e)—— among the people. 7. Summarize the passage in five sentences. 5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes showing the factors that cause water pollution. 1×5=5 1. Throwing waste into water

Model Question-16 PartA: Seen Comprehension ( 4o Marks) Unit-6, Lesson-3 Read the passage below and answer questions 1-4: In recent years, there have been many alarming reports that the world's climate is undergoing a significant change. All these reports provide strong evidence that world temperatures are increasing day by day. This increase in global warming is caused by increased amounts of carbon dioxide around the earth. Most climatologists believe that the greenhouse effect is the likely cause of this global warming. What is the greenhouse effect? It is the gradual warning of the air surrounding the earth as a result of heat being trapped by environmental pollution. This is exemplified by the destruction and burning down of tropical rain forests, by traffic that clogs up city streets, by the rapid growth of industry, the use of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) in packaging and manufacturing commercial products, the use of detergents such as washing powder and washing-up liquid and so on. The oceans are also said to be affected both because of human waste and because of pollution caused by industrial waste products, oil seeping from damaged supertankers and from other maritime disasters. However, the main culprits for global warming are carbon dioxide gas, produced by the burning of fossil fuels and forests, and pollutants such as methane and chlorofluorocarbons. Climatologists predict that midway through the next century, temperatures may have risen by as much as 4°C. This could catastrophically reduce mankind's ability to grow food, destroy or severely damage wildlife and wilderness, raise sea level and thereby flood coastal areas and farmland. The alarming news about Bangladesh is that as a result of the rise of the sea level, the lower southern part of the country may one day go under water. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1x5 = 5 (a) According to the majority of the climatologists, the greenhouse effect is the plausible/ problem/ prime cause of global warming. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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(b) The global warning may have a disastrous /magnificent/ dangerous effect on life on earth. (c) The burning of fossil fuels, forest and various pollutants is the cause of production/ destruction / absorption of carbon dioxide gas. (d) The dumping of industrial wastes and waste-products into the ocean/lack/pond is also cause of water pollution. (e) The rise of temperature may one day submerge / flood / destruct the lower southern part of Bangladesh. Extra (1) World temperature is improving/ strengthening /going up day by day. (2) The alarming news of Bangladesh is that the lower southern part of the country may go down/up/above water. (3) Industrial waste causes the ocean expanded/ polluted/contaminate. (4) By midway through the next century temperature may go up /climb/soar by as much as 400C (5) Carbon-dioxide gas is produced by the ignition/flaring/ flickering of fossil fuels, forest and pollutants. 2. Write whether the following statements are true/false. If false, give the correct information. 1x5 = 5 (a) Carbon-dioxide gas is the only culprit for global warming. (b) The greenhouse effect is a global phenomenon. (c) Fossil fuels and forests are some of the main culprits for global warming. (d) The greenhouse effect can be diminished if we can reduce the environmental pollution, (e) Global warming is good for the cold countries of the world. Extra (1) There has been no change of the climate. (2) The green house effect is a global phenomenon. (3) Bangladesh is not free from the alarm of greenhouse effect. (4) As a result of global warming the sea levels are going down. (5) Any kind of powder is a detergent. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct forms of the words in brackets. Add any prepositions if necessary. 1x5 = 5 (a) The greenhouse effect may be the cause of (destruct) _______ wildlife and wilderness. (b) According to the (believe) _______the climatologists, the greenhouse effect is the most likely cause of the global warming. (c) If the sea level rises abnormally, we have reason to be (worry) _______. (d) Carbon dioxide is (produce) _______the burning of fossil fuels and forests, (e) Even the oceans are getting (pollution) _______. Extra Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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The alarming report in the recent years is that the world’s climate is changing (a) ______. Strong evidence (b) ______ by all these reports shows that the temperatures of the world are on the (c) _______. The increased amounts of carbon dioxide around the earth is (d) _______ global warming. It is the (e) _______ of most of the climatologists that the cause of the “greenhouse effect” is this global warming. 4. (a) Make a list of five things that cause the global warming. 1x5 = 5 Or (b) Make sentences from the following substitution table. 5 Rise in temperature may fall victim to global warming by midway through the next century. Greenhouse effect causes free from pollution. We help forest to save our environment. Bangladesh remains serious consequence on our food production. Rapid growth of is pollution. industries also should the environment preserve an international problem. (c)From your study of the passage choose the suitable phrases from column B to match the parts of sentence in Column A. Column A a) Global warming may have b) The greenhouse effect is a c) Polluted water is very bad d) Environmental pollution is a big problem for e) This problem should be addressed

Column B a) global phenomenon b) industrially developed countries c) for health d) destructive effect on life e) disastrous

Unit: 06 Lessons: 02 Read the passage below and answer questions 5-8: Water, another vital element of the environment, is also polluted in different ways. Man pollutes water by throwing waste into it. Farmers use chemical fertilizers and insecticides in their fields. When rain and floods wash away some of these chemicals, they get mixed with water in rivers, canals and ponds. Mills and factories also throw their poisonous chemicals and waste products into rivers and canals and thus pollute the water. Water vehicles also pollute rivers by dumping oil, food waste and human waste into them. In sanitary latrines and unsafe drains standing on river and canal banks are also responsible for further pollution. Thus water is contaminated by various kinds of waste and filth. More Free (20 Marks) 5. Write short answers to the following questions. 1x5 = 5 Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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(a) What is a vital element of the environment? (b) How does a farmer pollute water? (c) How do mills and factories pollute water? (d) How do water vehicles cause water pollution? (e) Do you think insanitary latrines and unsafe drains are responsible for water pollution? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1x5 = 5 (a) Water is polluted in _________ ways. (b) Man is a vital _________ of environment. (c) Farmers use chemicals and _________ in their fields. (d) Mills and factories _________ their waste products into rivers. (e) Water vehicles are also responsible _________ water pollution. 7. Summarise water pollution in five sentences. 1x5 = 5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flowchart showing the facts responsible for air pollution. (No. 1 has been done for you.) 1x5 = 5 1. Domestic rubbish and industrial waste

Model Question-17 PartA: Seen Comprehension (4o Marks) Unit-6, Lesson-4 Read the passage below and answer questions 1-4: Humans, animals and plants are all important elements of the natural environment. But humans are cruelly destroying plants and animals and thereby creating a danger for us all. The destruction of forests and other habitats is causing the extinction of various plants and animals every day. These losses are particularly severe in the areas of tropical forests which cover only 7% of the surface of the globe, but which provide the living space for between 50% and 80% of all our wildlife. Many wild animals and birds such as pandas, bears, tigers, alligators, whales, wolves, eagles, falcons, kites and buzzards are faced with the threat of extinction today. Their decline has been accelerated by the destruction of their feeding and nestling places, by the collection of eggs, and above all by the widespread use of chemicals and pesticides which enter their food chains leading to sterility and mass deaths. Hunting of birds and animals is another cause of their extinction. Men kill birds for food and feathers, hunt big cats to make fur coats and slaughter alligators and other reptiles for shoes and bags. In addition, whale-hunting has also drastically reduced the number of blue whales in the Atlantic Ocean. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1x5 = 5 (a) Humans are destroying plants and animals which are good/useful/dangerous to us. (b) Many of our wild species are now entangled/ endangered/ encircled. (c) Most of the wild animals live in the tropical/subtropical/ coastal forests. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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(d) Hunting of birds is a cause of their destruction/ increase/ extinction. (e) Whale hunting has reduced the number of blue whales in the Indian/Pacific/Atlantic Ocean. Extra (1) Man is endangering his own life by protecting/taking care of/ ruining plants and animals. (2) The destruction of forests and other habitats is the cause of the extinction/safe guard/termination of different kinds of animals and plants. (3) Blue whales are accessible/procurable/available in the Atlantic Ocean. (4) The extinction/survival/presence of mankind is linked to the existence of our wildlife. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information. 1x5 = 5 (a) Humans, animals and plants are ordinary elements of natural environment. (b) Losses of plants and animals are severe in the tropical region. (c) Men kill birds for food and feathers. (d) In order to protect environment we should not protect our wildlife. (e) Sterility among the birds is caused by destruction of forests. Extra (1) To show kindness to animals is to show kindness to human beings. (2) Man is responsible for his own danger. (3) Wild creatures should be saved for our own safety. (4) Environmental pollution has caused the decrease of blue whales in the Atlantic Ocean. (5) George Haycock wrote about the wild nature of man. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct forms of the words in brackets. Add any prepositions if necessary. 1x5 = 5 (a) (Destroy) _______ forests have a very bad effect on the wild animals. (b) They (lose) _______ their breeding places. (c) Their food chain is also (affect) _______ the widespread use of chemicals. (d) Many wild animals (face) _______ with the threat of extinction. (e) (Hunt) _______ animals should be restricted by the government. Extra (1) The (cruel) _______ human beings are responsible for the destruction of plants and animals. (2) Showing (kind) _______ animals is showing (kind) _______ mankind. (3) All species are important in order to maintain the balance of (ecological) _______. (4) George Haycock is the (write) _______ of a number of books on wildlife. (5) The (live) _______ place of over 7% of all of the world’s life is in the areas between 50% and 80% of the world’s tropical forest. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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4. a) Make a list of five important points that are responsible for destruction of the forest and its habitats. 1x5 = 5 b) Make sentence from the following substitution table: 5 Wild life is by this time. Their number has quickened day by day Many wild animals is increasing essential for maintaining ecological balance. Many has this process The destruction of wild are on the way of on the way of extinction. life extinction is lessening for beauty only have faced extinction in the pervious years Unit: 06, Lesson: 01 Read the passage below and answer Questions 5-8: The world is producing millions of tons of domestic rubbish and toxic industrial waste each year, and it is becoming increasingly difficult to find suitable locations to get rid of all the refuse. The disposal of various kinds of waste is seriously polluting the environment. We know that air is an important element of our environment and our air is polluted by smoke. Man makes fires to cook food, make bricks, and melt tar for road construction and to do many other things. Fires create smoke and pollute the air. Railway engines and powerhouses create smoke by burning coal and oil. Mills and factories also belch a lot of smoke. Buses, trucks and cars use petrol and diesel oil. These too emit smoke. All these kinds of smoke pollute the air. Water, another vital element of the environment, is also polluted in different ways. Man pollutes water by throwing waste into it. Farmers use chemical fertilizers and insecticides in their fields. When rain and floods wash away some of these chemicals, they get mixed with water in rivers, canals and ponds. Mills and factories also throw their poisonous chemicals and waste products into rivers and canals and thus pollute the water. Water vehicles also pollute rivers by dumping oil, food waste and human waste into them. Insanitary latrines and unsafe drains standing on river and canal banks are also responsible for further pollution. Thus, water is contaminated by various kinds of waste and filth. More Free (20 Marks) 5. Write short answers to these questions. 1x5 = 5 (a) Why is it difficult to dispose of waste? (b) In how many ways can smoke be created? ; (c) What do you think is the main cause of air pollution in the air where you live? (d) How do mills and factories pollute water? (e) How can we prevent water pollution? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words: 1x5 = 5 If we want to live a (a) ________ life, we should prevent the pollution of the (b) _________. Total prevention may be (c) _______but we can certainly (d) _______ pollution by raising (e) _______among the people. 7. Summarise five activities that pollute air. 1x5 = 5 Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow chart showing the factors that cause water pollution. 1x5 = 5 1. Throwing of waste into water.

Model Question -18 PartA: Seen Comprehension (40 Marks) Unit-6, Lesson-5n (B Read the passage below and answer Questions 1-4: Every year millions of people all over the world die unnecessarily as a result of pollution. These unfortunate and avoidable deaths are brought about by four specific factors. Firstly, air pollution from factories, burning trash and vehicle fumes cause pneumonia, bronchitis and other respiratory diseases. Then, water pollution from industrial discharge, the indiscriminate disposal of toxic chemicals and the dumping of human waste into rivers and canals causes poisoning and water-borne disease such as cholera and diarrhoea. The next factor is the noise pollution from vehicle horns and microphones that might cause aggression and damage hearing. And finally, odour pollution from dumped or untreated human waste causes serious discomfort to our sense of smell and attracts disease-bearing creatures such as rats and flies. We should take determined action to control these problems and clean up the environment to avert these unnecessary diseases. Objective (20 Marks) 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1×5=5 (a) If we are conscious, we can avoid/cure/recover many diseases. (b) Rats and flies are attracted/threatened/killed by odour. (c) Sound pollution seriously affects our nose/eyes/ears. (d) Every year millions of people die as a result of purification / contamination / perfection. (e) Four specific factors cause/lead/remove this unnecessary death. Extra (1) Industrial discharge means industrial wastes/goods/products. (2) The passage throws light mainly on various pollutions/social values/social traditions. (3) Indiscriminate disposal of toxic chemicals causes/prevents/avoids water born diseases. (4) Millions of deaths are caused every year because of accident/pollution/diseases. (5) Cholera and diarrhoea are caused by water pollution/odour pollution/air pollution. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information. 1×5=5 (a) Air is polluted mostly by filth and waste. (b) Air pollution may damage our hearing. (c) The problems of environmental pollution cannot be controlled at all. (d) The passage deals with nutrition problem. (e) Unnecessary deaths caused by various pollutions cannot be avoided. Extra (1) The problems mentioned in the passage can be solved. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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(2) Polluted environment is necessary for a healthy life. (3) Sound pollution has effect on our hearing. (4) Vehicle horns pollute the air. (5) Mills and factories throw useful chemicals. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words in the brackets. Add any preposition if necessary. 1×5=5 (a) Smoke is created when anything is (burn) ______ (b) Disease (leading) ——— death. (c) Various pollutions cause (unnecessarily) ______ death. (d) Pollution (caused) ______ respiratory diseases. (e) Industries (discharge) ———— wastes. Extra (1) Sound pollution (cause) ————— by vehicular horns and microphones. (2) Unnecessary deaths can (avoid) —————. (3) He escaped the accident (fortunate) ————. (4) Sound pollution (affecting) ——— our hearing. (5) We can (avoidable) ——— unnecessary diseases. 4. Make a list of five points about the causes of unnecessary deaths. 1×5=5 5. Write short answers to these questions. 1×5=5 (a) What is odour pollution? (b) How does sound pollution take place? (c) What are the respiratory diseases mentioned in the passage? (d) How is water polluted according to the passage? (e) What are the four types of pollutions responsible for unfortunate and avoidable death? Extra (1) Which pollution attracts disease bearing creatures like rats and flies? (2) What is the effect of noise pollution? (3) What does pollution cause? (4) Why are the deaths mentioned in the passage called avoidable? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1×5=5 Despite knowing the fact that Dhaka is the most polluted city of the world, I love it with an absolute passion. (a) ——— my emotional attachment refuses to tolerate the existing condition of the city The unplanned development of the city, the pressure of population, the acceleration of pollution, the lack of (b) ——— sense and the indifference of government have deepened the crisis of the city. Every conscious (c) ——— knows the danger of living here. Every moment we are heading towards death. I (d) ——— I could make it a problem-free city. I am optimistic that if we work together with strong conviction, the existing crisis can be (e) ———. 7. Summarize the passage in five sentences. 5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes showing what factors are causing pollution. 1×5=5 1. The smoke of factories

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Model Question -19 PartA: Seen Comprehension (40 Marks) Unit-6, Lesson-7n (B Read the passage below and answer Questions 1-4: Waste or rubbish is what we throw away every day. It includes everything from unwanted old cars to cigarette packets. As the amount of waste is growing rapidly all over the world and polluting the environment, the time has come to think about it very seriously. We cannot altogether get rid of our waste but a proper management of it can certainly reduce it. If we think of burning, burying, recycling and thus reducing our waste, we can to a large extent save our environment. Our garbage consists of various kinds of things of which some are burnable and some are non-burnable. In some countries, burnable waste is destroyed by incinerators. The non-burnable garbage is melted and re-fabricated. Some rubbish is not rubbish at all. For example, most of the textiles, glass, metal, paper and cardboard can be recycled. Some kinds of waste can be used as fuel. We can use vegetable waste to make compost to improve our soil. The only problem in this case is to find authorities to make it easy to reuse what we throw away. This is because we cannot recycle paper or metal ourselves. It is a big task in many countries, it is now quite normal to collect old bottles and recycle them. Again many companies are now designing their containers and packaging in such a way that they are easy to recycle. Some companies are using bio-degradable wrappers. More and more companies should come forward to promote greater recycling and changes in consumption patterns to reduce the amount of rubbish we produce and help people to save the environment. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1×5=5 (a) Garbage consists of various kinds of things / chemicals / plants. (b) We can reduce the quantity of the rubbish by managing it properly/hurriedly/indirectly. (c) Some kinds of waste can be used as food / fuel / goods. (d) The amount of waste is growing slowly/rapidly/silently. (e) Vegetable waste can be used to make fertilizer/insecticide/furniture. Extra (1) We can use compost to fill/irrigate/fertile our land. (2) Proper management of rubbish can decrease/increase/enhance its quantity. (3) Recycling means the use of unused/used/fresh things again and again. (4) We should use biodegradable wrapper, because of its cheapness/beauty / changeability. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information. 1×5=5 (a) Rubbish is responsible for the pollution of the environment. (b) By increasing the amount of the rubbish we can save the earth. (c) All types of things can be recycled. (d) Vegetable wastes can be used. (e) Waste is one of the causes of environment pollution. Extra (1) We can get rid of environment pollution by burning waste materials. (2) Waste is not very useful for us. (3)Most textiles, glass and metal cannot be recycled. (4) We can recycle paper or metal ourselves. (5) Waste has become a dispensable part of our life. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words in the brackets. Add any preposition if necessary. 1×5=5 (a) It is our (responsible)______ to save the environment. (b) In the developed countries (use)______incinerators destroys waste. (c) We can manage waste (proper)_______. (d) Compost is used for the (improve)________the soil. (e) The (bury) ____waste can save our environment to a large extent. Extra (1) In some countries (destroy) ______ burnable waste is done by incinerators. (2) The rapid growth of waste all over the world (be)____polluting the environment rapidly. (3) What is (throw)________ by us is rubbish. (4) We should think seriously about waste (manage)___________. (5) Waste can be (divide)_______ the basis of types. 4. Make a list of five points of the management of waste. 5. Write short answer to the following questions. (a) What is waste or rubbish? (b) What does waste include? (c) How is burnable waste destroyed in some countries? (d) How can vegetable waste be used? (e) How can we get rid of environment pollution? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1×5=5 Waste or rubbish is what we don’t (a) ——. The alarming growth of rubbish all over the world is causing serious environment (b) ——. But waste can have many (c) ______ especially if it can be reused or (d) ——. Some kinds of waste can be converted into fuel and vegetable waste can be used to make compost to (e) —— our land. 5 7. Summarize the passage in five sentences. 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes showing the proper management of waste. 1×5=5 1. Reducing waste by proper management

Model Question -201 PartA: Seen Comprehension (40 Marks) Unit-7, Lesson-2n (B Read the passage below and answer Questions 1-4: Fires swept over the prairies any time during practically ten months a year, although the worst were usually in the fall, with the grass standing high and rich in oily seeds. The prairie fires could be set by lightning, by the carelessness of greenhorns in the country, by sparks from the railroads, and by deliberate malice. Once started the heat of the fire created a high wind that could sweep it over a hundred miles of prairie in an incredibly short time. Settlers soon learned to watch the horizon for the curling Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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smoke rising from prairie grass. At the first sign of this, everyone hurried to the flames with water barrels, gunnysacks, hoes and particularly ploughs to dig furrows so as to prevent the fire from spreading. Even more important was the awareness of the danger ahead of time, early enough so fireguards were ploughed around the homestead, at least around the buildings. Objective (20 Marks) 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1×5=5 (a) The worst time was reasonably/practically/normally in the fall. (b) The fires could be set by willing/willful/usual malice. (c) Settlers watched/learnt/understood the curling smoke. (d) The fire could spread unbelievably/believably/doubtfully. (e) Sometimes prairie fire is caused by intentional/causal/accidental animosity. Extra (1) Everyone hurried to the flame to spread/augment/extinguish the fire. (2) The worst prairie fire occurs in summer/winter/autumn. (3) The caution/conscience/unalertness of the green-horns is one of the causes of prairie fire. (4) People can realise the occurrence of prairie fire by watching / ignoring / overlooking curling smoke rising from prairie grass. (5) People excavated/ploughed/had furrows to stop the fire from spreading. (6) The awareness of danger is very insignificant/useless/necessary. (7) The rising smoke in the horizon is a sign of great danger/destruction/happiness. (8) Sometimes the prairie fire was prevented/set/stopped by deliberate malice. (9) The carelessness of the old/youth/peasants is responsible for the prairie fires. (10)Fires swept over the prairie many/any/every time particularly the fall. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information. 1×5=5 (a) The greenhorns put out the fire. (b) Furrows were used to prevent fire from sweeping. (c) The curling smoke could indicate fire. (d) The prairie fire occurs only in the high standing grass. (e) The heat of the fire remains confined to a particular place. Extra (1) Fireguards were ploughed round the agricultural fields. (2) Prairie caused great havocs. (3) There are some identified reasons behind the prairie fires. (4) High wind is not the result of the heat due to fire. (5) The prairie fires usually occurred during the summer. (6) People brought ploughs to cultivate their land during the prairie fire. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words in the brackets. Add any preposition if necessary. 1×5=5 (a) The grasses become (burn)-------oily seeds. (b) Necessary (cautious) ______are important for safety. (c) The flames of the prairie is (rage) ______ the strong wind. (d) (Malice) ______ motive can be one of the causes of prairie fire. (e) Furrows are dug for (prevent) ______ the fire from spreading. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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Extra (1) Furrows (excavate) — to stop fire from spreading. (2) Sparks from the railroads could also (result) ______ the prairie fire. (3) It is (usually)___ that prairie fire occurs in the fall. (4) People are to remain (awareness) ______ of the danger ahead. (5) The sweeping of prairie fire over hundreds of miles is very (incredibly)______ (6) Fire guards (plough) — as pre-caution around the building. (7) A high wind (create) —the heat of the fire. (8)After (watch) — the smoke in the horizon, people hurried to the flames with water barrels. (9) The heat of the fire creates (revolve)_______ wind. 4. Write five sentences about the prevention of prairie fire. 1×5=5 5. Write short answers to the following questions. 1×5=5 (a) What do you understand by Prairie? (b) When did the worst fires sweep over the Prairies? (c) What are the causes of prairie fires? (d) Where did every one hurry with water barrels? (e) When was Prairie fire more common? Extra (1) Why were fireguards ploughed? (2) What created a high wind? (3) Which part of the world do you think this passage refers to? (4) What did the settlers do when they sensed a fire? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1×5=5 Prairie fires were more common in the fall. Sometimes fires could be set by deliberate (a) —. They are set by (b) — causes. People usually feel a Prairie fire when the (c) — smoke rises from the grasses. The heat of the fire created a high wind that could sweep it (d) — a hundred miles of Prairie (e) — are needed for a Prairie fire much before its occurrence. 7. Summarize the passage in five sentences. 5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes showing the causes of prairie fire. 1×5=5 1. Being unaware in the use of fire

Model Question-21 PartA: Seen Comprehension ( 4o Marks) Unit-7, Lesson-5 Read the passage below and answer questions 1-4: How safe will the buildings in the city of Dhaka be in the event of an earthquake? Experts give no straight answer to this question, but call for taking adequate precautions to minimize losses. That Bangladesh lies in the active earthquake zone is not unknown to Bangladeshis. Alarmed by the recurrence of quakes during recent years, experts have called for the development of an earthquake resistant building code that all buildings should follow as mandatory. There are two schools of experts Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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regarding earthquakes. One school comprising of engineers and geologists is of the view that the recurrence of quakes in recent years should be taken as a signal for a major earthquake. Another school comprise of similar categories of experts, however, believes that the concern should not be amplified, because although there are a number of fault lines in the geographical area comprising Bangladesh, none of them is active enough to pose a major threat. Yet none of the schools rules out the possibility of a major quake and the dangers that might be associated with it. The Rajdhani Unnayan Kartripakhya (RAJUK), responsible for a planned development of the city believes that an earthquake resistant building code should be developed to reduce the losses. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1x5 = 5 (a) That Bangladesh is in the active earthquake zone is known/unknown/unfamiliar to the Bangladeshis. (b) Experts are of the opinion that precautionary measures should be taken to increase/decrease/equalize losses. (c) By the recurrence of earthquakes experts are encouraged/ alarmed/indifferent. (d) In the passage the word 'pose' means posses/expose/ create. (e) All buildings should follow earthquake resistant building code as compulsory /optional/peculiarity. Extra (1) To minimize loss experts discourage/suggest/frustrate to develop earthquake resistant building code. (2) During the recent years earthquakes recur frequently/ really/ simultaneously. (3) The recurrence of quakes in recent years have agitated/ frightened/shocked to minimize losses. (4) The immediate/ latest/previous recurrence of quakes is very alarming. (5) RAJUk’s concern/ power/charge is to design a planned development of the city. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information. 1x5 = 5 (a) Experts have given a clear answer to the question of safety of the buildings in Dhaka city during earthquakes. (b) Bangladesh lies in the inactive earthquake zone. (c) RAJUK should develop an earthquake resistant building code to decrease the losses. (d) No fault lines are there in the geographical area comprising Bangladesh. (e) To minimize losses in the event of an earthquake adequate precautions should be taken. Extra (1) To minimize loss experts /suggest/to develop earthquake resistant building code. (2) People of Dhaka city have no knowledge about the safety of building in the event of an earthquake. (3) An earthquake causes heavy loss. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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(4) Adequate precautionary measures can prevent earthquake totally. (5) No earthquake took place in Bangladesh till now. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct forms of the words in brackets. Add any prepositions if necessary. 1x5 = 5 (a) All buildings should be built in a (plan) _______way. (b) The fault lines in the area covering Bangladesh are in (active) _______zone. (c) The two schools of experts do not rule out the (possible) _______major earthquakes. (d) The (amplify) _______of the concern of a major earthquake has been forbidden. (e) Experts have called for (develop) _______an earthquake resistant building code. Extra (1) Experts give no straight answer about the (safe) __________ the buildings. (2) Experts give no answer to this question (straight) __________. (3) It is (know) __________ everybody that Bangladesh lies in the active earthquake zone. (4) There should have (precaution) __________ measures to minimize losses. (5) Have earthquakes been (experience) __________ Bangladesh? 4. a) Make a list of five important things on earthquake. 1x5 = 5 b) Make sentences from the following substitution table. 5 People fear earthquake

none of the schools rules out the possibility of earthquake. it can minimize losses

The major fault lines do not pose a threat although Experts are divided in their opinions because it causes havoc. Earthquake resistant building code there is possibility of major should be developed earthquake.

Unit: 08 Lessons: 03 Read the passage below and answer the questions 5-8: The unit by which the loudness of sound is measured is called a decibel. According to the UN, the normal tolerance limit of sound is 45 decibels. When the vibration of sound is at a tolerable, pleasant level, it is simply called sound. But when it is sharp and harsh to the ears, it becomes noise. Serious harm can be caused to people if they are regularly exposed to sounds exceeding 70 decibels. Because of the growth of urban population and the increasing use of machines in our everyday life there has been a general increase in the level of sound around us. On an average, people in the cities are exposed to sounds ranging from 30 to 90 decibels or even more. A study in Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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Japan has found that housewives who live in the city were exposed to almost the same amount of sound that a factory worker was exposed to at his/her workplace. The occupations that the study found to be the noisiest were factory work, truck driving and primary school teaching. Many developed countries are trying to control sound pollution by careful town planning and developing public awareness. In Holland schools are not allowed near airports and houses which are situated near airports are provided with special types of insulation to limit the sound heard inside the buildings. More Free (20 Marks) 5. Write short answers to the following question. 1x5 = 5 (a) What is the view of the UN about the tolerance limit of sound? (b) What is a decibel? (c) When does sound become a noise? (d) Why does the Japanese study consider the primary school environment noisy? (e) What is the range of sound to which people in the cities are exposed? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1x5 = 5 We (a) _______ the loudness of sound by a unit called decibel. Sound is tolerable but noise is (b) _______. The level of sound around us has (c) _______ . Growth of population and increasing use of machines (d) _______ responsible for this. Many developed countries are controlling sound pollution in (e) _______ways. 7. Summarise the causes and effects of sound pollution in five sentences. 1x5 = 5 8. On the basis of your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes showing the measures taken by the developed countries. (No. 1 has been done for you.) 1x5 = 5 1. Developing public awareness

Model Question- 22 PartA: Seen Comprehension (4o Marks) Unit-8, Lesson-3 Read the passage below and answer questions 1-4: The unit by which the loudness of sound is measured is called a decibel. According to the UN, the normal tolerance limit of sound is 45 decibels. When the vibration of sound is at a tolerable, pleasant level, it is simply called sound. But when it is sharp and harsh to the ears, it becomes noise. Serious harm can be caused to people if they are regularly exposed to sounds exceeding 70 decibels. Because of the growth of urban population and the increasing use of machines in our everyday life there had been a general increase in the level of sound around us. On an average, people in the cities are exposed to sounds ranging from 30 to 90 decibels or even more. A study in Japan has found that housewives who live in the city were exposed to almost the same amount of sound that a factory worker was exposed to at his/her workplace. The occupations that the study found to be the noisiest were factory work, truck driving and primary school teaching. Many developed countries are trying to control sound pollution by careful town planning and developing public awareness. In Holland Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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schools are not allowed near airports and houses which are situated near airports are provided with special types of insulation to limit the sound heard inside the building. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1x5 = 5 (a) According to the report of the UN, human beings are capable of enduring/ absorbing/ assimilating the sound not exceeding 45 decibels without any harm. (b) It is called sound when the vibration of sound is not at an outrageous / intolerable/ insufferable level. (c) Sound pollution is more in rural / urban/remote areas. (d) Noise does not cause harm when it is loud/pleasant / harsh. (e) Decibel is the scale/unit/balance of measuring sound. Extra (1) There has been general increase of sound around us by two/three/four reasons. (2) Sound pollution is more in rural/urban/remote area. (3) Decibel is the unit of planning/reasoning/considering sound. (4) Industry creates the quietest/softest/loudest sound. (5) Sound pollution can be disciplined/regulated/influenced by proper town planning. 2. True or false? If false, give the correct information. 1x5 = 5 (a) Primary school teaching is free from sound pollution. (b) Sound pollution is not acute in rural areas. (c) Primary schools are free from sound pollution. (d) People in cities are exposed to sounds ranging from 45-90 decibels or even more. (e) When the vibration of sound is sharp and harsh to the ears, it becomes noise. Extra (1) Sound pollution is the main theme of the passage. (2) In Japan primary education is free from sound pollution. (3) Housewives in Japan are to bear the bad effects of sound pollution. (4) In Holland noise is not allowed in schools. (5) Noise is beyond the control of man. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct forms of the words in brackets. Add appropriate preposition if necessary. 1x5 = 5 (a) Sound pollution is very (harm) _______ people. (b) Many developed countries _______ (try) control sound pollution. (c) The occupations like factory work, truck driving and primary school teaching are found to be the (noisy) _______ (d) Houses situated near airports are (provide) _______ special types of insulation. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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(e) (Develop) _______ public awareness is necessary for the control of sound pollution. Extra (1) Decibel is a unit of (measure) _______ sound. (2) (Develop) _______ public awareness is necessary to control sound pollution. (3) A study in Japan has found that housewives (live) _______the city were exposed to more sound. (4) Very few occupations are as (noise) _______ as factory work. (5) Unit is a standard of (measure) _______ 4. a) Make a list of five things that cause sound pollution. 1x5 = 5 b) Make sentence from the following substitution table: 1x5 = 5 Today people In Japan noise In Japan housewives Sound pollution Noise

are is produced can be tolerated can be prevented reduces produces

when it is pleasant the decibel of sound by raising public awareness. the victim of noise cautious of sound pollution. more sound. by factory work, truck diving etc.

Unit: 07 Lessons: 05 Read the passage below and answer questions 5-8: How safe will the buildings in the city of Dhaka be in the event of an earthquake? Experts give no straight answer to this question, but call for taking adequate precautions to minimize losses. That Bangladesh lies in the active earthquake zone is not unknown to Bangladeshis. Alarmed by the recurrence of quakes during recent years, experts have called for the development of an earthquake resistant building code that all buildings should follow as mandatory. There are two schools of experts regarding earthquakes. One school comprising of engineers and geologists is of the view that the recurrence of quakes in recent years should be taken as a signal for a major earthquake. Another school comprising of similar categories of experts, however, believes that the concern should not be amplified, because although there are a number of fault lines in the geographical area comprising Bangladesh, none of them is active enough to pose a major threat. Yet none of the schools rules out the possibility of a major quake and the dangers that might be associated with it. The Rajdhani Unnayan Kartripakhya (RAJUK), responsible for a planned development of the city believes that an earthquake resistant building code should be developed to reduce the losses. More Free (20 Marks) 5. Write short answers to these questions about earthquakes. 1x5 = 5 (a) Why are experts paying more attention to the issue of earthquakes in recent years? (b) How do the two schools of thought differ? Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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(c) What precautions would you suggest as the safety measures against earthquakes in Dhaka city? (d) What is regarded as a signal for a major earthquake? (e) What is the RAJUK going to do to reduce the losses in the event of an earthquake? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1x5 = 5 Naturally the question arises about the (a) _______ of the buildings especially of Dhaka city in the event of an earth quake. Experts therefore warn to take adequate (b) _______ measures to minimize losses. They (c) _______ that all the buildings should (d) _______an earthquake resistant building code for the (e)______ of losses. 7. Summarise the central idea of the passage in five sentences. 1x5 = 5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow chart showing the possibility and pre-cautions of a major earthquake (No. 1 has been done for you.) 1x5 = 5 1. Position of Bangladesh

Model Question- 23 PartA: Seen Comprehension ( 4o Marks) Unit-9, Lesson-1 Read the passage below and answer questions 1-4: Education is the process by which our mind develops through formal learning at an institution like a school, college or university. It is mental and intellectual training which provides opportunities of growth and helps to meet challenges and overcome obstacles to progress. Again, the purpose of education is to enlighten the individual and develop his/her capacity to the limit. It is also the business of education to train individuals to make the right choices to go ahead. It ennobles our mind and refines our sensibility. It also broadens our outlook and helps us become aware of our rights and responsibilities. According to Newman, education "gives a man a clear conscious view of his own opinions and judgements, a truth in developing them, an eloquence in expressing them and a force in using them". Therefore, it is often compared to light which removes the darkness of ignorance and helps us distinguish between right and wrong. Ex-President Julius Nyerere of Tanzania way back in 1974 said at an international conference that the primary purpose of education was the liberation of man from the restrictions of habits and attitudes which limit his humanity. He further said education should promote humanity and universal brotherhood and that it could be used as a catalyst for a change for the better. How right he was! 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence: 1x5 = 5 (a) The passage tells about the informal/formal/ both formal and information education. (b) Education makes us vigilant/cautious/tactful of our rights and responsibilities. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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(c) According to Julius Nyerere the primary purpose of education was liberation of man from restriction/ extension/demarcation. (d) Ignorance/innocence/unawareness is similar to darkness. (e) Formal learning helps the growth/fostering/flourishment of our mind. 2. True/false? If false, give the correct information: 1x5 = 5 (a) Education debases our mind. (b) Education illuminates the individual. (c) Real education promotes a good relationship among the nations of the world. (d) Education is essential for our physical development. (e) Julius Nyerere's opinion regarding the importance of education was improper. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words in brackets. Add any prepositions if necessary: 1x5 = 5 (a) People often make (compare) _______ illiteracy and darkness. (b) Besides (ennoble) _______our mind, education refines our sensibility. (c) Better change can be (bring) _______ by education. (d) (Undoubt) _______education can remove the darkness of ignorance. (e) The (enlighten) _______an individual is the purpose of education. 4. a) Make a list of five points about the purposes of education. 1x5=5 1x5 = 5 b) Make sentences from the following substitution table. Education Education Education Education Education

frees helps threatens aims baffles widens

a man from restrictions. one's attempts. our outlook. our endeavour. the bar to progress. one to become aware of his rights and responsibilities. removes at better change. (c) From your study of the passage choose the suitable phrases from column B to match the parts of sentence in Column A. 1x5 = 5 Column A Column B a) Education helps a man to a) education b) Education widens our b) fix his goal c) Education makes us conscious of c) there is no other alternative to our education d) To remove the darkness of d) outlook ignorance e) Better change can be brought about e) duties by Unit – 9, Lesson - 3 Read the passage below and answer Questions 5-8 : Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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Bangladesh is a small country but has a huge population. Most people here live below the poverty line and cannot therefore afford to educate their children. Many poor children either drop out of school just after a few years or simply do not go to school at all. Despite this situation, we have far too many students to educate compared to the number of institutions available. Bangladesh needs more schools, colleges and universities to provide for the increasing number of students. But owing to financial and resource constraints, the government cannot fund the requisite number of educational institutions. At present every educational institution is over-crowded and class size is unusually large. As facilities in these institutions are poor, students do not get a standard education. Moreover, many educational institutions in Bangladesh are troubled with politics and violence. Sometimes. Institutions are closed down to avoid clashes between rival groups of students. Such closures badly affect academic progress. More Free (20 Marks) 5. Write short answers to these questions. 1x5 = 5 (a) Why can't most people of Bangladesh send their children to school? (b) How many problems does the passage mention? (c) What would happen if all the children in Bangladesh go to school? (d) Why can't educational institutions provide standard education? (e) What is the effect of unwanted closures of educational institutions? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words : 1x5 = 5 The education of Bangladesh faces many (a) _______. First of all there are too many (b) _______ here. Most of them are (c) _______ and so they cannot give their children proper education. Many children do not go to school at all or drop out just after a few years because of (d) _______. Again the number of educational institutions are not sufficient to (e) _______ the increasing number of students. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences. 1x5=5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow chart showing the problems in education in Bangladesh. (No. 1 has been done for you) 1x5=5 1. Financial constraints

Model Question-24 PartA: Seen Comprehension (4o Marks) Unit-9, Lesson-3 Read the passage below and answer questions 1-4: Bangladesh is a small country but has a huge population. Most people here live below the poverty line and cannot therefore afford to educate their children. Many poor children either drop out of school just after a few years or simply do not go to school at all. Despite this situation, we have far too many students to educate compared to the number of institutions available. Bangladesh needs more schools, colleges and universities to provide for the increasing number of students. But owing to financial and resource constraints, the government cannot fund the requisite number of Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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educational institutions. At present every educational institution is over-crowded and class size is unusually large. As facilities in these institutions are poor, students do not get a standard education. Moreover, many educational institutions in Bangladesh are troubled with politics and violence. Sometimes institutions are closed down to avoid clashes between rival groups of students. Such closures badly affect academic progress. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence: 1x5 = 5 (a) Bangladesh is a popular/populous/familiar country. (b) The education that is imparted in Bangladesh is below/up to/over the standard. (c) The reason of drop out of school is because of student politics/campus violence/poverty. (d) In comparison to our students there are sufficient/ necessary/inadequate numbers of institutions. (e) The number of students in Bangladesh is decreasing/ growing/falling day by day. 2. True/false? If false, give the correct information: 1x5 = 5 (a) The environment of our educational institutions is congenial to study. (b) Due to the unwillingness of government required number of educational institutions is not set up. (c) The standard of our education is low because the students are not meritorious. (d) The problem also lies in the size of the classroom. (e) Student politics hampers academic atmosphere. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words in brackets. Add any prepositions if necessary: 1x5 = 5 (a) The education (impart) _______ the students is not up to the standard. (b) More schools and colleges are (need) _______be established. (c) In spite of (be) _______small, Bangladesh has a huge population. (d) Education (provide) _______our educational institutions is of below standard. (e) The (unwant) _______closures of educational institutions badly affect academic progress. 4. a) Make a list of five points about the problems of education in our country. 1 × 5 = 5 b) Make sentences from the following substitution table. 1x5 = 5 Bangladesh The number of students Sometimes clash The government Poverty

cannot between two rival groups of students. eases many problems. Stands on with population. is teeming the way to progress. takes place day by day. paves finance all the institutions. is increasing on the way of education to the poor children.

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Unit – 9, Lesson - 1 Read the passage below and answer Questions 5-8: Education is the process by which our mind develops through formal learning at an institution like a school, college or university. It is mental and intellectual training which provides opportunities of growth and helps to meet challenges and overcome obstacles to progress. Again, the purpose of education is to enlighten the individual and develop his/her capacity to the limit. It is also the business of education to train individuals to make the right choices to go ahead. It ennobles our mind and refines our sensibility. It also broadens our outlook and helps us become aware of our rights and responsibilities. According to Newman, education "gives a man a clear conscious view of his own opinions and judgements, a truth in developing them, an eloquence in expressing them and a force in using them". Therefore, it is often compared to light which removes the darkness of ignorance and helps us distinguish between right and wrong. Ex-President Julius Nyerere of Tanzania way back in 1974 said at an international conference that the primary purpose of education was the liberation of man from the restrictions of habits and attitudes which limit his humanity. He further said education should promote humanity and universal brotherhood and that it could be used as a catalyst for a change for the better. How right he was! More Free (20 Marks) 5. Write short answers to these questions. 1x5 = 5 (a) What is education? (b) What is the purpose of education? (c) Why is education compared to light? (d) What does Julius Nyerere say about education? (e) What is the view of Newman? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words: 1x5 = 5 Again the (a) _______of an individual and the (b) _______of his/her capacity to the limit are the purpose of education. It also (c) _______ an individual to (d) _______ the right in order to go ahead. It makes our mind (e) _______. 7. Summarise five important points of the above passage regarding the influence of education on man. 1x5 = 5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow chart showing the purposes of education. (No. 1 has been done for you) 1. Enlightenment

1x5 = 5 6

Model Question-25 PartA: Seen Comprehension (4o Marks) Unit-10, Lesson-1 Read the passage below and answer questions 1-4: Television has become the most common and widespread source of entertainment of the present world. A wide range of programmes of varied interest is telecast on Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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numerous channels. Almost every middle class and even working class families have a television set today. Television programmes are not only entertaining; they can be highly educative too. For example, television is used for distance learning. Courses run by the Open University are shown on BTV. Several channels like the Discovery Channel and the National Geographic Channel telecast highly informative programmes. Watching TV, however, has become an addiction for many. Satellite telecasting has added new dimensions to television but it has sometimes been branded as a cultural assault on developing nations. The East is being exposed more and more to Western music, entertainment and modes of life. As a result, young people's tastes are gradually being influenced by them. A major influence on American children's lives is the television shows they watch. TV viewing statistics are staggering : 96% of US homes have at least one television set, and children aged three to five watch an average of fifty hours of TV every week. By the time these kids graduate from high school, they will have spent more than 22,000 hours in front of the box but only 11,000 hours in school. Most research on the effects of TV on children centers round whether watching so much violence on TV makes them more aggressive. Many studies show that it does. Indeed TV watching influences children's learning style too. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1x5=5 (a) Television has gained immense disliking/popularity/ dimension among all sorts of people. (b) Satellite channels are influencing the developing countries by interfering/ encouraging/co operating their culture. (c) Television is liked by everyone because of its integrating/interesting/ intelligent programmes. (d) An informative programme is initiative/instructive/ formative. (e) Television telecasts numerous programmes of limited/ different/ many tastes. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information. 1x5=5 (a) Exposure of Western culture by satellite channels is an aggression on our culture. (b) TV plays an important role in imparting education. (c) The popularity of television as a mode of entertainment is second to none. (d) The people of the developing nation do not have any attraction for the Western culture. (e) The range of programmes of television is very limited. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words. Add any preposition if necessary. 1x5=5 (a) Young people are being (influence) ________ TV programmes. (b) Many people are getting (addict) ________TV. (c) Besides the (entertain) ________ programmes television also telecasts various educative programmes. (d) The (influence) ________ Western culture is affecting our children. (e) Developing nations are being (expose) ________ Western culture. 4. a) Make a list of five roles of television. 1x5=5 Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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b) Make five sentences from the table below: Television BTV Television programmes

telecasts has is are should have

1x5 = 5

entertaining but sometimes harmful a relation with our life and our culture got a new dimension by satellite telecasting the programmes of the Open University the most common entertaining source in the world.

c) Match the phrases from Column A with the ones in Column B. There are more phrases in Column B than are necessary. 1x5 = 5 A B a) A wide range of programming of (i) has a television set today varied interest (ii) it does b) Almost every middle-class family (iii) are gradually being influenced by c) Satellite telecasting them d) Young people's tastes (iv) is telecast on numerous channels e) Many studies show that (v) has added new dimension to television (vi) has become a fashion for people (vii) difficult in recent days Unit 10, Lesson – 4 Read the passage below and answer Questions 5-8 : There have been significant changes in the types of entertainment over time. Many of these no longer exist. Even if they do, people keep looking for newer forms of entertainment. Thus snake charming, puppet show, jatragan, jarigan. sharigan and kabigan which were common forms of entertainment in the past, have almost lost their appeal. Radio, which was used to be a good source of entertainment in the past, is now giving place to television and to satellite channels in particular. The entertainment business, like other spheres of life, is getting westernized day by day. Folk music or palligeeti is now sung with western instruments. At the same time, modern music is now fusing melodies from folk and traditional songs. In general, band and pop music are becoming more and more popular, particularly among the young generation. Sport has become a great source of entertainment today. Football, which used to be the most popular spectator sport in Bangladesh, is gradually being replaced by cricket as a popular form of sports entertainment. More Free (20 Marks) 5. Write short answers to these questions. 1x5 = 5 (a) Who are being exposed more and more to western culture? (b) Which type of entertainment has lost appeal? (c) What is the influence of television and satellite channels? Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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(d) What changes do you find in music? (e) What is the most popular form of sports entertainment in Bangladesh now a days? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words: 1x5 = 5 Our old and conventional forms of entertainment have been (a) ________ by new modified and western forms of entertainment. Our old forms of (b) ________have been superseded by pop and band music and old musical instruments by (c) ________ instruments. Our (d) ________ of the forms of entertainment is also getting (e) ________ and westernised. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences. 1x5 = 5 8. Based on your reading of the passage make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow chart showing the forms of entertainment in the past and modern time. 1. Jatra, Jari, Shari and Kabi gan

1x5 = 5 6

Model Question-26 PartA: Seen Comprehension (4o Marks) Unit-10, Lesson-4 Read the passage below and answer questions 1-4: There have been significant changes in the types of entertainment over time. Many of these no longer exist. Even if they do, people keep looking for newer forms of entertainment. Thus, snake charming, puppet show, jatragan, jarigan, sharigan and kabigan which were common forms of entertainment in the past, have almost lost their appeal. Radio, which was used to be a good source of entertainment in the past, is now giving place to television and to satellite channels in particular. The entertainment business, like other spheres of life, is getting westernized day by day. Folk music or palligeeti is now sung with Western instruments. At the same time, modern music is now fusing melodies from folk and traditional songs. In general, band and pop music are becoming more and more popular, particularly among the young generation. Sport, has become a great source of entertainment today. Football, which used to be the most popular spectator sport in Bangladesh, is gradually being replaced by cricket as a popular form of sports entertainment. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1x5=5 (a) The traditional forms of entertainment have almost lost their power/charm/ attraction. (b) There is also a western power/domination/influence on our entertainment business. (c) Sports have become a great source of pleasure/leisure/measure. (d) Different types of entertainment in our country are now increasingly coming under the western spell/ influence/ control. (e) In our country the forms of entertainment have been changing with the change of ages/time/seasons. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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2. True/False? If false, give the correct information. 1 x5=5 (a) Our culture has been in a static condition for a long time. (b) There appear modern songs in every sphere of life. (c) Football and cricket are two popular spectator games in our country at present. (d) People have changed their taste both in sports and music. (e) Every sphere of our life is getting westernized. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words. Add any preposition if necessary. 1x5=5 (a) Radio is now (give) ______ place to television. (b) Our taste for forms of entertainments (change) ______ day by day. (c) Western instruments are now being used for the (present) ______ palligeeti. (d) Cricket (replace) ______ football as the most popular form of sport in Bangladesh. (e) Significant changes have (take) ______ place on the type of entertainment. 4. a) Make a list of five sources of entertainment in modern times. 1x5=5 b) Make sentences from the following substitution table. Many changes Western music In Bangladesh cricket Once football Many old types of entertainment

was are keeps have taken place attracts

1x5 = 5

popular day by day. pace with time. in the types of entertainment. in vogue. on the wane

is becoming

the younger generation more. very popular in Bangladesh. Or c) From your study of the passage choose the suitable phrases from column B to match the parts of sentence in Column A. 1x5 = 5 Column A Column B a) In Bangladesh cricket is a) appeal day by day becoming b) Old types of entertainment are b) people much losing their c) People look for c) popular day by day d) Today sports entertain the d) the mode of Western entertainment more e) Young generations like e) newer forms of entertainment Unit-10, Lesson-1 Read the passage below and answer Questions 5-8: Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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Television has become the most common and widespread source of entertainment of the present world. A wide range of programmes of varied interest is telecast on numerous channels. Almost every middle class and even working class families have a television set today. Television programmes are not only entertaining; they can be highly educative too. For example, television is used for distance learning. Courses run by the Open University are shown on BTV. Several channels like the Discovery Channel and the National Geographic Channel telecast highly informative programmes. Watching TV, however, has become an addiction for many. Satellite telecasting has added new dimensions to television but it has sometimes been branded as a cultural assault on developing nations. The East is being exposed more and more to Western music, entertainment and modes of life. As a result, younger people's tastes are gradually being influenced by them. A major influence on American children's lives is the television shows they watch. TV viewing statistics are staggering: 96% of US homes have at least one television set, and children aged three to five watch an average of fifty hours of TV every week. By the time these kids graduate from high school, they will have spent more than 22,000 hours in front of the box but only 11,000 hours in school. Most research on the effects of TV on children centers round whether watching so much violence on TV makes them more aggressive. Many studies show that it does. Indeed TV watching influences children's learning style too. More Free (20 Marks) 5. Write short answers to these questions. 1x5 = 5 (a) What is the role of TV in education? (b) What are the bad impacts of watching TV for long hours? (c) What are the positive aspects of watching TV? (d) How does satellite telecast influence our young generation? (e) What do you mean by cultural assault? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1x5=5 Satellite (a) _________ has become a popular means of (b) _______. But at the same time, it is regarded as a cultural (c) _______. In the U.S.A children (d) _______ are between three to five years old (e) ______ TV fifty hours every week. 7. Summarise three positive and two negative influences of TV. 1x5 = 5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow chart showing the merits and demerits of TV. 1x5 = 5 1. Source of entertainment

Model Question-27 PartA: Seen Comprehension ( 4o Marks) Unit-11, Lesson-1 Read the passage below and answer questions 1-4: A society's culture is made up of all of its ideas and ways of behaving. Language, music, ideas about what is bad and good, ways of working and playing, and the tools and other objects made and used by people in the society — all these are part of a society's culture. As studying a person's repeated actions is a good way to find out Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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about that person, studying the important patterns of an entire society is a way to learn about the culture of that group. Patterns of behaviour and action vary from individual to individual, class to class, society to society and country to country. These differences are referred to as cultural differences. What is an appropriate mode of behaviour in one culture might prove inappropriate or even rude in another culture. For example, when Latin Americans talk to each other, they stand about 18 to 12 inches apart, measured nose to nose. To stand further away from each other while talking seems unfriendly to them. In some Arab countries too, the proper and polite distance for a conversation is to be close enough to feel the other person's breath. But in British or American society, getting so close during a conversation is considered inappropriate. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1 x5=5 (a) Culture is the part/parcel/wholeness of life. (b) Language and music are fragments/components/ patterns of a society's culture. (c) Culture, for the most part, determines/distorts/deforms the ideas of good and bad in a society. (d) The differences in the patterns of behaviour or action are referred to cultural composition/ variation/division. (e) In British and American society, people are used to getting/keeping/removing a certain distance during their conversation. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information. 1x 5=5 (a) The people of America and Latin America belong to two distinctive cultures. (b) The culture of a nation is a part of the language of that very nation. (c) Culture is the expression of one's completeness of life. (d) By observing a person's ways of actions, we can identify that person. (e) Culture differs from religion to religion. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words. Add any prepositions if necessary. 1 x5=5 (a) The modes of behaviour and thinking of one society (differ) ________ another society. (b) The culture of a society is a (combine) ________ all its ideas and ways of behaving. (c) Our manner is the (indicate) ________ our culture. (d) The ways of working and playing of a society (reflection) ________ their culture. (e) It is culture which (vary) ________ society to society and country to country. 4. a) Make a list of five most important characteristics of the culture of a society. 1x5=5 b) Match the phrases in Column A with the ones in Column B. There are more phrases in Column B than are necessary. 1x5 = 5 Column A (a) Getting as close to each other as 12 to (i)

friendly

Column B to the British

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18 inches away during a conversation is Americans considered (ii) lead to cultural distinctions (b) Because of cultural variation an (iii) are used to following two impolite mode of behaviour in a society distinctive cultures may be (iv) of the culture of that very nation (c) The people of America and Latin (v) ideas about what is good and bad America (vi) unfitting in British and American (d) Patterns of behaviour, differing from society country to country (vii) regarded as a polite sign of (e) Language of a nation is a part behaviour in another society c) Make five sentences from the table below. These differences is to be Cultures

1x5 = 5 elements of culture but the way we use them are not close enough to feel the other person's breath are referred to as cultural differences include from country to country

Some cultures Computers, technology, transport system as such In some Arab countries, the proper vary and polite distance for a conversation

ideas and ways of behaving cultures of their own

Unit – 11, Lesson – 7 Read the passage below and answer Questions 5-8 : The British have a reputation for keeping their emotions private and for being reserved in their public behaviour. There are some obvious things that people from overseas notice in British behaviour. For example, on public transport, people do not usually talk to other passengers. On meeting, people do not embrace and often simply shake hands on a first introduction. In theatres, concert halls and cinemas, audiences are quiet during performances and reactions are often restrained. None of these behaviour traits, however, need to be interpreted by visitors as unfriendliness and in general, if a visitor makes the first move to start a conversation, they will find that British people are friendly and very considerate. On the other hand, some aspects of British behaviour might seem too informal for foreigners. An example is the informal use of first names among staff holding different status at work. Although it would be a blasphemy for a student to call his/her teachers by their first names in Bangladesh, it is quite common in British colleges and universities. More Free (20 Marks) 5. Write short answers to these questions about Britain. 1x5=5 (a) For what do the British have a reputation? (b) Where are people quiet? (c) What are differences in the public behavior of the British and the Bengali people? (d) When will you find the British people friendly and considerate? (e) What is a quite common thing in British educational institutions? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1x5=5 Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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The British people are very much (a) ________ in their personal life. They never express their emotions publicly. They are friendly and sometimes very (b) __________. If one wants to (c) _________someone's home has to make (d) _______and has to take (e) _______ or chocolates. 7. Summarise the passage mentioning the main traits of the British. 1x5=5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow chart showing the different etiquette and manners of the British. (No. 1 has been done for you) 1x5=5 1. Keeping their emotions private

Model Question-28 PartA: Seen Comprehension (4o Marks) Unit-11, Lesson-7 Read the passage below and answer questions 1-4: The British have a reputation for keeping their emotions private and for being reserved in their public behaviour. There are some obvious things that people from overseas notice in British behaviour. For example, on public transport, people do not usually talk to other passengers. On meeting, people do not embrace and often simply shake hands on a first introduction. In theatres, concert halls and cinemas, audiences are quiet during performances and reactions are often restrained. None of these behaviour traits, however, need to be interpreted by visitors as unfriendliness and in general, if a visitor makes the first move to start a conversation, they will find that British people are friendly and very considerate. On the other hand, some aspects of British behaviour might be seen too informal for foreigners. An example is the informal use of first names among staff holding different status at work. Although it would be a blasphemy for a student to call his/her teachers by their first names in Bangladesh, it is quite common in British colleges and universities. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1x5=5 (a) There are a number of important/minor/insignificant pivotal differences in norms and behaviour. (b) The British people are also sympathetic/prudent/ farsighted. (c) People from overseas notice some confusing/clear/ ambiguous things in British behaviour. (d) On meeting British people simply embrace/shake hands/keep quiet. (e) In theatres audiences show unrestrained/restrained/ enthusiastic reactions. 2. True/false? If false, give the correct information: 1x5=5 (a) On a first introduction the British people do nothing. : (b) In Britain people talk too much on public transport. (c) To take a gift is the custom of the British. (d) During performances the British people raise hue and cry. (e) The British people do not consider silence a sign of unfriendliness. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words in brackets. Add any prepositions if necessary. 1x5 = 5 (a) The British are (reputation) _________ keeping their emotions private. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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(b) The British maintain (private) _________ expressing their emotion. (c) Some obvious things (notice) _________ in British behaviour by the foreigners. (d) It is (usually) _________that the British do not talk on public transport. (e) The British do not behave (emotion) _________. 4. a) Make a list of five points regarding the punctuality by the people of Latin America, Britain and the USA. 1x5 = 5 Or b) Make sentences from the following substitution table. 1x5 = 5 Much importance An apology To shake hands The placing of left hand on shoulder Double abrazo

is expected regarded as unfriendliness in Latin America. is not asked for being a little bit late. is considered to punctuality in Britain and America. differs a sign of intimacy. signifies is is attached

for delay. friendliness form of intimacy. intimacy and warmth. Or c) From your study of the passage choose the suitable phrases from column B to match the parts of sentence in Column A. 1x5 = 5 Column A Column B a) The British and the Americans put much a) each other harder importance b) In Latin America two intimate friends hit b) of the British and the Americans c) The British are very punctual in meeting c) on punctuality d) Punctuality is a part of culture d) to see a film e) The two passages show e) some cultural differences Unit – 11, Lesson – 1 Read the passage below and answer questions 5-8 : A society's culture is made up of all of its ideas and ways of behaving. Language, music, ideas about what is bad and good, ways of working and playing, and the tools and other objects made and used by people in the society — all these are part of a society's culture. As studying a person's repeated actions is a good way to find out about that person, studying the important patterns of an entire society is a way to learn about the culture of that group. Patterns of behaviour and action vary from individual to individual, class to class, society to society and country to country. These differences are referred to as cultural differences. What is an appropriate mode of behaviour in one culture might prove inappropriate or even rude in another culture. For example, when Latin Americans talk to each other, they stand about 18 to 12 inches apart, measured nose to nose. To stand further away from each other while talking seems unfriendly to them. In some Arab countries too, the proper and polite Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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distance for a conversation is to be close enough to feel the other person's breath. But in British or American society, getting so close during a conversation is considered inappropriate. . More Free (20 Marks) 5. Write short answers to these questions about different cultural patterns. 1x5=5 (a) What is culture? (b) What are parts of a society's culture? (c) What is a good way to find out about a person? (d) How can culture of a group be learnt? (e) What are referred to as cultural differences? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words : 1x5 = 5 The ways and modes of action and (a) _________ are not similar in all societies. Even one form of behaviour of a particular society may be (b) _________impolite or wrong in another one. For this reason there arise cultural distinctions among different societies, countries and nations. In Latin American societies, the proper way of talking to each other is to stand about 18 to 20 inches apart. And more distance than this is considered quite unsocial or (c) _________ there. On the other hand, in some Arab societies, the polite and expected way of conversation is to stand (d) _________ enough to feel the breath of the other person. But in American society it is held very offensive and (e) _________to stand close during a conversation. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences. 1x5=5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow chart showing the prominent components of a culture and its differences. (No. 1 has been done for you) 1x5=5 1. A complete picture of life

Model Question-29 PartA: Seen Comprehension ( 4o Marks) Unit-12, Lesson-1 Read the passage below and answer questions 1-4: Shaheed Dr. Shamsuzzoha is considered to be the first intellectual who attained martyrdom during the pre-liberation period of Bangladesh. Following the killing of Sergeant Zohurul Haque in prison by the Ayub Khan government on 15th February 1969 (after the failure of the trumped-up Agartala conspiracy case), a flame of protest spread throughout erstwhile East Pakistan. On February 17, Section 144 was imposed on Rajshahi city. The students of Rajshahi University who had joined the protest, took out a procession in violation of Section 144 and were locked in a clash with police in front of the residence of the Principal of Rajshahi Medical College. As a result, several students were injured. On hearing this, Dr. Zoha, a professor of Chemistry and Proctor of the University, rushed to the spot and took the injured students to hospital. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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Next morning, on February 18, tension grew on the campus. The students were preparing to violate Section 144 again. The armed forces were deployed in front of the University main gate, which was kept locked to prevent the agitating students from going out. The students however started to jump over the gate and to scale the walls. Seeing this the teachers requested the guard on duty to open the gate. Meanwhile the students doused a parked army jeep with kerosene and set it on fire. The armed forces started to take up their positions against the students. Dr. Zoha repeatedly requested the officers, "Please, don't open fire, my students will go back now." But when the army officers refused to pay any heed to him, he declared, “Your bullets will pierce my heart first before they hit any student." The situation deteriorated further and at one point Dr. Zoha was shot in the back at 11 in the morning. Later, he was bayonet charged too. Bleeding profusely, Dr. Zoha was taken to Rajshahi Municipal office which was used as a Jail by the Pakistan Army and was kept untreated there till 3. 30 p.m. He was eventually shifted to the operation theatre but breathed his last at 4 p.m. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence: 1x5 = 5 (a) Dr. Shamsuzzoha was martyred/ assassinated/ butchered. (b) The Pak Army did not manage/ sleep/give any medical treatment. (c) The army officers turned down/complied with/turned deaf ear to his request. (d) The students set a car ablaze/aground/dazzled. (e) The people of the then East Pakistan voiced/echoed/ convened against the killing of sergeant Zohurul Haque. 2. True/false? If false, give the correct information: 1x5 = 5 (a) Dr. Shamsuzzoha was martyred before the killing of Sergeant Zohurul Haque. (b) The university authority pacified the agitating students. (c) Dr. Shamsuzzoha was the first martyr during pre-liberation period of Bangladesh. (d) The situation went beyond control. (e) The people of the then East Pakistan raised their voice against the killing of Sergeant Zohurul Haque. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words. Add any preposition if necessary. 1x5=5 (a) Dr. Zoha (martyr) _________ during the pre-liberation period. (b) Sergeant Zohurul Haque (kill) _________prison in 1964. (c) Section 144 (enforce) _________ Rajshahi city. (d) The students (violate) _________the Section 144. (e) The (impose) _________ curfew made the students furious. 4. a) Make a list of five events of February in 1952. 1x5 = 5 Or b) Make five sentences from the table below. 1x5 = 5 Dr. Shamsuzzoha He Students Pakistani Army

brought out throughout erstwhile East Pakistan were not leave his students in the face of danger was deployed to curb the firebrands did brought about after the incident of jail

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killing a procession to protest the killing of Sergeant Zohitrul Haque a professor of Chemistry Department Or c) Match the phrases from Column A with the ones in Column B. There are more phrases in Column B than are necessary. 1x5 = 5 Dr. Zoha 's killing

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

A On February 18, A flame of protest spread Dr. Zoha rushed to the spot and The armed forces started Dr. Zoha

B (i) breathed his last at 4 p.m. (ii) took the injured students to (iii) hospital (iv) to take up their positions (v) on Rajshahi city (vi) tension grew on the campus (vii) throughout erstwhile East Pakistan set it on fire

Unit – 12, Lesson – 3 Read the passage below and answer the questions 5-8: Rabindranath, the fourteenth child of Debendranath and Sarada Devi Tagore, went to school early and wrote his first verse at the age of eight. At the age of seventeen, in 1878, he arrived in London, on his way to Brighton, to join his brother's family and attend school there. London made a poor impression on him. He described it as a dismal city, smoky, foggy and wet, with everyone jostling and in a hurry. Though he was happy in Brighton, a friend of the family persuaded his brother to send him to London in order to benefit from his education in the West. He was put up in a lodging-house facing Regent's Park but later moved to the house of a professional coach, a Mr Scott, as a paying guest. Young Tagore joined London University where he attended Henry Morley's lectures in English literature and read Religio Medici and Shakespeare with him. He often visited the Houses of Parliament and listened to Gladstone and John Bright's debates on Irish Home Rule. Away from the home of his brother's family, he was lucky to find a friendly English family with whom he spent some time, but not without some initial opposition from the two daughters in the family, who were rather taken aback with the presence of a 'blackie' in the house and went away to stay with relatives. They returned only after being reassured that the stranger was harmless. Dr and Mrs Scott, the girls' parents, in fact, treated him like a son. In 1880 Rabindranath was called back to India. His letters, full of admiration for English society, made his family think again about the wisdom of letting him loose in England alone. He returned home without any qualifications of distinction. More Free (20 Marks) 5. Write short answers to these questions. 1x5=5 (a) Why did Tagore go to England? (b) How did he return home? (c) How did he spend his time in London? Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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(d) Why did the daughters of Mr Scott leave their house? (e) When did Rabindranath write his first verse? 6. Fill in the blanks with suitable words. 1x5=5 Rabindranath was the fourteenth child of his parents. He went to school early and wrote his first (a) _______at the age of eight. He (b) ______sent to London at the age of seventeen in 1878. London had a very poor (c) ______on him. He described it as a (d) ______ city. He was lucky enough to (e) _____ an English family with whom he spent some time. 1x5=5 7. Summarise the life of Rabindranath Tagore in five sentences. 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow chart showing the different events of Rabindranath Tagore when he was in London. (No. 1 has been done for you) 1x5=5 1.Arrival in London

Model Question-30 PartA: Seen Comprehension ( 4o Marks) Unit-12, Lesson-3 Read the passage below and answer the questions 1-4: Rabindranath, the fourteenth child of Debendranath and Sarada Devi Tagore, went to school early and wrote his first verse at the age of eight. At the age of seventeen, in 1878, he arrived in London, on his way to Brighton, to join his brother's family and attend school there. London made a poor impression on him. He described it as a dismal city, smoky, foggy and wet, with everyone jostling and in a hurry. Though he was happy in Brighton, a friend of the family persuaded his brother to send him to London in order to benefit from his education in the West. He was put up in a lodging-house facing Regent's Park but later moved to the house of a professional coach, a Mr Scott, as a paying guest. Young Tagore joined London University where he attended Henry Morley's lectures in English literature and read Religio Medici and Shakespeare with him. He often visited the Houses of Parliament and listened to Gladstone and John Bright's debates on Irish Home Rule. Away from the home of his brother's family, he was lucky to find a friendly English family with whom he spent some time, but not without some initial opposition from the two daughters in the family, who were rather taken aback with the presence of a 'blackie' in the house and went away to stay with relatives. They returned only after being reassured that the stranger was harmless. Dr and Mrs Scott, the girls' parents, in fact, treated him like a son. In 1880 Rabindranath was called back to India. His letters, full of admiration for English society, made his family think again about the wisdom of letting him loose in England alone. He returned home without any qualifications of distinction. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1x5=5 (a) Rabindranath was sent to London in order to benefit from oriental/ occidental/modern education. (b) The first impression of London on the poet was horrifying/ annoying/charming. (c) Rabindranath read Religio Medici with Shakespeare/ Gladstone /Henry Morley. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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(d) The poet was greeted/esteemed/despised by the two daughters. (e) Rabindranath was called back to homeland at the age of eighten/seventeen/nineteen. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information. 1 x5=5 (a) Tagore stayed in England for two years. (b) Rabindranath went to Brighton via London. (c) Mr and Mrs Scott were very much affectionate to Rabindranath. (d) Rabindranath obtained higher degree from London University. (e) Tagore returned to India of his own accord. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct forms of the words. Add any prepositions if necessary. 1 x5=5 (a) A poet often visits different places with a view (acquire) ________ knowledge. (b) (Race) ________ is still prevailing in the Western countries. (c) Rabindranath was (shelter) ________ Mr. Scott as a paying guest. (d) Rabindranath was not (harm) ________ the English daughters. (e) English society (admire) ________ by Tagore. 4. a) Make a list of five events that happened in the life of Rabindranath Tagore when he was at London. 1x5=5 Or b) Make five sentences from the table below. 1x5 = 5 Mr Scott and his wife The two daughters

wondered impressed

at the sight of a blackie his domain of knowledge

Tagore At first London city Tagore

enriched felt behaved

no peace in London happy in Scott's family Tagore a little

well with Tagore Or, c) Match the phrases from Column A with the ones in Column B. There are more phrases in Column B than are necessary. 1x5 = 5 A (a) The parents of Rabindranath (b) Rabindranath went to London in order to get (c) Rabindranath listened to debates (d) Rabindranath had to live (e) He got much warmth and

B (i) western education (ii) on Irish Home Rule and enriched his knowledge (iii) had liberal outlook (iv) affection from Mr and Mrs Scott (v) with an English family also (vi) Henry Morley's lecture (vii) Irish Home Rule

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Read the passage below and answer Questions: 5-8 Shaheed Dr. Shamsuzzoha is considered to be the first intellectual who attained martyrdom during the pre-liberation period of Bangladesh. Following the killing of Sergeant Zohurul Haque in prison by the Ayub Khan government on 15th February 1969 (after the failure of the trumped-up Agartala conspiracy case), a flame of protest spread throughout erstwhile East Pakistan. On February 17, Section 144 was imposed on Rajshahi city. The students of Rajshahi University who had joined the protest, took out a procession in violation of Section 144 and were locked in a clash with police in front of the residence of the Principal of Rajshahi Medical College. As a result, several students were injured. On hearing this, Dr. Zoha, a professor of Chemistry and Proctor of the University, rushed to the spot and took the injured students to hospital. Next morning, on February 18, tension grew on the campus. The students were preparing to violate Section 144 again. The armed forces were deployed in front of the University main gate, which was kept locked to prevent the agitating students from going out. The students however started to jump over the gate and to scale the walls. Seeing this the teachers requested the guard on duty to open the gate. Meanwhile the students doused a parked army jeep with kerosene and set it on fire. The armed forces started to take up their positions against the students. Dr. Zoha repeatedly requested the officers, "Please, don't open fire, my students will go back now." But when the army officers refused to pay any heed to him, he declared, 'Your bullets will pierce my heart first before they hit any student." The situation deteriorated further and at one point Dr. Zoha was shot in the back at 11 in the morning. Later, he was bayonet charged too. Bleeding profusely, Dr. Zoha was taken to Rajshahi Municipal office which was used as a Jail by the Pakistan Army and was kept untreated there till 3. 30 p.m. He was eventually shifted to the operation theatre but breathed his last at 4 p.m. More Free (20 Marks) 1x5=5 5. Write short answers to these questions. (a) When did Dr. Shamsuzzoha attain martyrdom? (b) Why is Dr. Shamsuzzoha considered to be a martyr? (c) What was the most strong side of Dr. Zoha's character? (d) Who killed Sergeant Zohurul Haque? (e) Who shot him and why? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1x5=5 Before the (a) ________ in 1971, Bangladesh was a part of Pakistan and was called East Pakistan. Then the country was ruled by President (b) ________. The students, along with the common people, protested against his oppression. The then government killed Sergeant Zohurul Haque (c) ________ in February, 1969 after the (d) ________ of the trumped-up Agartala (e) ________ case. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences. 1x5=5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow chart showing the different events that took place in February in 1969. (No. 1 has been done for you) 1x5=5 1. killing of Sergeant Zohurul Haque

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Model Question- 31 PartA: Seen Comprehension ( 4o Marks) Unit-12, Lesson- 4 Read the passage below and answer Questions 1-4 : Hamidur Rahman was the man who gave shape to the concept and design of the Shaheed Minar, by combining all the aspirations of Bengali identity and nationalism. He was the first art student of Bangladesh who in the 1950s went to Europe and studied at "Ecole de Beaux Art" in Paris. He was the pioneer of the new painting movement in the then Pakistan. But he is most remembered for his remarkable design of the Central Shaheed Minar. When Hamidur Rahman was assigned to make the design, he was full of enthusiasm focussing on the language movement as the central concept. He wanted to find a new expression to convey the aspirations of the people. He experimented with basic horizontal and vertical forms to bring out the concept of Bengali solidarity and unity for their national identity. The vertical lines of his design provided the manifestations of inner strength. The four columns on both sides of the central structure reflect the balance and harmony of a united stand. The original design had included stained glass, with hundreds of eyes, through which the sunlight could pass. The marble floor was to reflect the moving shadows of the column in an unending process of revolt from dawn to dusk. In the basement of the Minar he had designed a grand fresco work of 1500 square feet, depicting the language movement. This was to be his masterpiece, again reflecting the theme of geometric horizontal and vertical motifs of unity and strength. Rahman was fully conscious of the tropical damp climate of Bangladesh and therefore worked out such materials for the Minar that would withstand the climate. He ensured that the columns be made of such mixture of iron rods and cement as to stand for centuries. Today the Shaheed Minar is a symbol of freedom, strength and unity. In 1989, Hamidur Rahman passed away. He is no more with us but we remember him with great admiration and pride. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1x5=5 (a) Bengali identity has been manifested/cloaked /covered through the design of the Central Shaheed Minar. (b) Hamidur Rahman was the precursor/finder/fondler of a new painting movement in the then Pakistan. (c) In the concept and design of the Shaheed Minar, there is a combination/ constitution/continuation of all the aspirations of Bengali identity and nationalism. (d) The four columns stand for amity/discord/conflict. (e) It was the intention of Hamidur Rahman to reflect/ encourage/ secure the aspirations of the people. 2. True/false? If false, give the correct information. 1x5 = 5 (a) When Hamidur Rahman was assigned with the design of the central Shaheed Minar, he was very much energetic. (b) Hamidur Rahman had his education in science. (c) The Central Shaheed Minar was designed following the Liberation War. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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(d) Hamidur Rahman is most remembered for his contribution to language movement. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words in brackets/Add any prepositions if necessary: 1x5 = 5 (a) The Shaheed Minar (shape) ____________ by Hamidur Rahman. (b) Hamidur Rahman (design) ____________ the Shaheed Minar. (c) Hamidur Rahman was the (design) ____________ the Shaheed Minar. (d) The Shaheed Mlnar is the (combining) ________ all the aspirations of Bengali identity. (e) He (combining) ____________ all the aspirations of Bengali identity. 4. a) Make a list of five points on which Hamidur Rahman built Shaheed Mlnar. 1x5 = 5 Or b) Make sentences from the following substitution table. 1x5 = 5 Hamidur Rahman People The moving The four columns He

implemented conceived uphold shadow assigned

with design of the Shaheed Minar. his higher studies of art. symbolizes an unending revolt. the balance and harmony. Hamidur Rahman for his design of the Shaheed Minar. carried on the design of the central Shaheed Minar. remember the idea of art. Or c) From your study of the passage choose the suitable phrases from column B to match the parts of sentence in Column A. 1x5 = 5 Column A Column B a) The Shaheed Minar reflects a) freedom, strength and unity b) Through the design of the Shaheed b) of the martyred immortal Minar, Hamidur Rahman c) The Shaheed Minar was built to make c) Bengali identity and nationalism the memory d) Shaheed Minar stands for d) with profound respect e) Today we cherish the memory of e) expressed the aspiration of the Hamidur Rahman people More Free (20 Marks) 5. Write short answers to these questions about Hamidur Rahman. 1x5=5 (a) What is the central concept of the Shaheed Minar? (b) What do the vertical lines and columns of the Shaheed Minar suggest? (c) Mention two materials that Hamidur Rahman used for building the Shaheed Minar. (d) What had he designed in the basement? (e) When did Hamidur Rahman go to Europe? 6. Fill in the blanks with suitable words. 1x5=5 Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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Hamidur Rahman (a)_________ and (b) _________ the structure of the Central Shaheed Minar. He (c) _________ all the aspirations of Bengali identity and nationalism. He was the first art student of Bangladesh who went to Europe to (d) _________ at "Ecolo de Beaux Art" in Paris. He played pioneering role in the new painting movement in the then Pakistan. People (e) _________ him for his remarkable design of the Central Shaheed Minar. 7. Summarise the contribution of Hamidur Rahman in five sentences. 1x5=5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow chart showing the symbolical meaning of the Central Shaheed Minar. (No. 1 has been done for you) 1x5=5 1. Bengali Nationalism

Model Question- 32 PartA: Seen Comprehension (40 Marks) Unit-13, Lesson-3n (B Read the passage below and answer Questions 1-4: In Bangladesh, the retirement age for government employees is 57 years and for university teachers 65 years. In the United Nations the retirement age is 65 years. But this does not mean that after this age people suddenly become useless and unfit to work. These people are an asset to society with knowledge that only experience can bring and need to feel useful and want in society. In the developed countries social security is provided by the government in the form of post-retirement and old age benefits, so that these people get free medical facilities and can also be economically independent. In Bangladesh, government employees are granted a pension and there are a few facilities at the government hospitals for the old but these are hardly, enough. Besides, the majority of our female population do not belong to the working class. They are housewives and are not eligible for any pension or gratuity. According to the National Bureau of Statistics, about 6% of the population of Bangladesh is aged people which came to about 13. 3 million people in 2000. This includes male and female elderly people both from the villages and towns. These people have served their nation and their families through the years. In their old age, it is their right to expect service from us in return. Their physical health has started deteriorating and they need as much care and consideration as possible. The government still does not have any system to meet the health and economic needs of this large population. We ourselves however must ensure that the elderly among us are respected and cared for. After all, can we forget that we ourselves are going to grow old one day? Objective (20 Marks) 1. Choose the right word/ phrase to complete each sentence. 1×5=5 (a) We are incapable of getting (richer/ healthier/ younger). (b) Old people (dedicated/ dictated/devoted) their service for the nation throughout their life. (c) Health (improves/ deteriorates/ increases) as people become old. (d) The (experience/commitment/sincerity) of the retired persons can be of great use to us. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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(e) In our society, women are (entitled/supposed/compelled) to work indoors all their life. Extra (1) The government employees of Bangladesh (retire/tire/ retirement) at the age of 57. (2)The passage is about (elderly/ active/ young) people. (3) After retirement people do not become useless and unfit rather they remain (strength/ strong/ liability) to the nation. (4) Old people are a (burden/resource/liability) to the society they belong to. (5) Facilities provided to the old by the government hospitals in Bangladesh are (adequate/ inadequate/ sufficient). (6) The elderly among us should be given to understand that they are not (outdated /backdated / unwanted). (7) The retirement age in UN countries is (same/different/ similar). (8)Pension and other facilities for the retired people in Bangladesh are (sufficient/ adequate/inadequate.) (9) Elderly person should be (respected/ respectful/ respective). (10) Majority of our (male/female/old) population belongs to working class. (11) After retirement people are regarded to be (unfit/innovative/asset) to the nation. (12) Housewives are not (eligible/ acceptable/worthy) for pension. (13) In developed countries people are socially secured in their (pre/post/sub) retirement age. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information. 1×5=5 (a) The passage deals with aged people. (b) Retired persons are an asset to the society. (c) In Bangladesh only the government employees the University teachers are allowed to continue their service after 57. (d) The retirees have little protection in developed countries. (e) Most of the women in our society hardly do anything but household work. Extra (1) In Bangladesh a government employee can work as long as he wishes. (2) In Bangladesh, government employees can carry on working until they reach the age of 65. (3) Retirement from job does not mean the end of an active life. (4) Old women are the most unsecured members of our society. (5) In our country social security is not provided at all to the retired government employee. (6) All the women in our country are employed. (7) We are not getting younger. (8) The government can’t give proper medical facilities to all the aged people. (9) Most of our women pass their time without any work. (10) In developed countries women do not require social security. (11) In Bangladesh old people are provided with security by the government. (12) The majority of our female population does household work. (13) The housewives are only eligible for gratuity. (14) The UN countries strictly follow its retirement age. (15) Bangladesh govt. employees get only pension in their post retirement age. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words in the brackets. Add any preposition if necessary. 1×5=5 (a) In the developed countries (retire) ----------employees get free medical facilities. (b) After (retire)--------- people in our country enjoy little benefits. (c) Many retired employees live---------- (independent). (d) In Bangladesh, university teachers work (long)--------- government employees. (e) In 2000 the total number of elderly people in Bangladesh (be) ----------about 13.3 million. Extra (1) In Bangladesh govt. employees (retire) --------at the age of fifty seven. (2) The majority of our women render (serve)--------- their families. (3) The elderly among us must be (treat)---------- respectfully. (4) Every one of us (get)--------- old one day. (5) In developed countries the old (give)-------- free medical treatment. (6) Retirement does not mean that (elder)--------- persons have become unfit for work. (7) Practical experience (rich)--------- them. (8) Bangladesh is a (people) --------country. (9) In the developed countries the government (provide) -----------social security. (10) The government employees render (service)----------- their nation and their families. (11) The retired persons are in (need)-------- care and consideration. (12) We should (respect) --------the elderly. (13) To get service in return is (expect)-------- by the old. (14) Their (expect) ---------should be fulfilled. (15) The (minor)--------- our female population belong to working class. (16) Most of our people do not have the (eligible)----------- get old age benefit. (17) The government do not have the ability to (sure)--------- our economic need. (18) Elderly person should be (respect)------------ . (19) We are not getting (young)--------------. (20) The (extend)----------- retirement age is demanded. 4. (a) Make a list of five activities done by government of the developed countries for the retired people. 1x5 = 5 5. Write short answers to these questions. 1x5 = 5 (a) When does a government employee retire in Bangladesh? (b) What facilities does the government of Bangladesh provide to the retired people? (c) How is the female population in our country treated? (d) What is the retirement age limit in the United Nations? (e) Why are the retired people considered an asset? Extra (1) Who do not belong to the working class? (2) What can’t we forget? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1×5=5 In the developed countries the government (a) — social security, free medical facilities and other benefits to the retired old people. But in our country the Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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facilities (b) — to the retired persons are not (c) —. They only enjoy a (d) — and a little medical (e) —. 7. Summarize the passage in five sentences. 5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes showing the benefits a retired person both in Bangladesh and developed countries enjoy. 1×5=5 1. Post-retirement

benefits

Model Question- 33 PartA: Seen Comprehension (4o Marks) Unit-13, Lesson-3 Read the passage below and answer questions 1-4: Ayesha Begum has three sons and two daughters. Her husband was a landless farmer who used to work on other people's land. With great effort they married their daughters off by the time they reached teenage. The sons also started working with their father as day labourers when they were old enough to help. By the time they were about seventeen years old, all of them had left to work in nearby towns to earn money. At first, they used to send money to their parents occasionally, but after getting married they barely had enough to support their own families. Ayesha Begum and her husband are now old and feeble. Years of malnutrition and deprivation have made them look older than their years. All they are left with now is their broken little thatched house. Out of desperation Ayesha Begum has started begging in the village to feed her old, invalid husband and herself. She does not know what ails him neither does she has the means to find out. She is too busy collecting food for survival. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1x5=5 (a) Ayesha Begum’s husband was a rich/landless/honest farmer. (b) Now Ayesha has to work/ live/ fend for herself. (c) With great effort they married off/got married/ marriage their daughters. (d) Their sons used to send money regularly/ at times/ timely. (e) Their condition is now extremely miserable/ awkward/ disgraceful. Extra (1) Ayesha and her husband appear/ have / think to be older than their years. (2) Ayesha begum has no capability / desire / long to take her husband for treatment. (3) They have shifted in their adjoining / far / remote town. (4) Ayesha begum struggles hard for survival / financial / influential. (5) Ayesha begum and her husband have all the signs of unhappiness/ pains/ age in their faces. 2. True/ false? If false, write the correct information. 1x5=5 (a) Ayesha begum has five sons. (b) Ayesha begum lives in a concrete building. (c) Their sons used to send money at times. (d) Ayesha’s daughters were married of when they crossed twenty. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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(e) Ayesha begum’s sons got married at the age of seventeen. Extra (1) Ayesha’s husband was a landless farmer. (2) Her sons never contributed to their family income. (3) Their condition is now extremely miserable. (4) Ayesha has started begging in the village to feed her old husband. (5) Poverty forced her sons to work.

3. Fill in the blanks with appropriate words. Add any preposition if necessary.

1x5=5

a) Ayesha’s sons started (work)_______ with their father. b) Ayesha begum’s family now (comprise)_______ two members. c) After getting (marry) _________ the sons stopped sending money. d) Male nutrition has (weak) _________ her husband. e) (Find) _______ no other way she started begging. Extra (1) Ayesha begum has no (capable) ______ to take her husband for treatment. (2) They have (shift)______ themselves in the remote towns. (3) Now they only (had) ______ a little thatched house. (4) They have lived in (poor) ______ almost all their life. (5) They look older than their (age)______. (6) Ayesha’s husband was a (wealth)_____ farmer. (7) Ayesha begum has five (off spring) _____. (8) Ayesha and her husband are not actually as they appear (be) _____. (9) They (not get) _____ balanced diet. (10) Ayesha begum’s job of (gather)_____ food for life is heart-rending. 4. a) Make a list of five points on Ayesha Begum’s misfortune. 1x5=5 Or,b) Make five sentences from the table. Ayesha Begum’s life She Out of desperation she Ayesha Begum They are

full of deprivation and miseries lives started begging has is what makes her husband weak does not know in a thatched house having no property leading a very miserable life

Unit - 13 : Lesson-06 Read the passage below and answer Questions 5-8: Approximately 100000 children who do not hold German citizenship are born in the Federal Republic of Germany every year. This situation will change on lst January 2000, when a new citizenship law comes into force. From that day on, children born in Germany to non-German parents will receive German citizenship at birth. The citizenship reform consists of the following points. The children of non-German parents will receive German citizenship at birth in Germany if the father or mother has been legally resident in Germany for eight years. The parent must hold a permanent residence certificate or have held an unlimited residence permit for three Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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years. If these children also acquire the citizenship of another country at birth they must choose between their German and non-German citizenship within a period of five years following their eighteenth birthday. If they wish to keep their German passport, they must prove that they have given up or withdrawn the citizenship of another country. If they do not do so, their German citizenship will be taken away. Foreigners will thus be able to apply for naturalisation after only eight years rather than the present period of fifteen years. Those seeking naturalisation must be able to support themselves and their families without the help of social security payments, must not have committed crimes and must also prove to possess adequate knowledge of German. The federal Government considers the reform an important contribution towards the integration of the foreign population. The acquisition of German citizenship entails not only rights, but also duties, for example the obligation to do military service for a short period, which is compulsory in Germany. More Free (20 Marks) 5. Write short answer to the following question. 1x5=5 (a) When did a new law of citizenship form? (b) When does a person’s citizenship take away? (c) When can a foreigner apply for naturalization? (d) What is compulsory for getting German Citizenship? (e) What is naturalization? Extra (1) When will the children of non-German parents receive German citizenship? (2) What criteria should adult non-Germans fulfill if they want to apply for citizenship? (3) What must the children of the non German parents prove if they wish to keep their German passport? (4) What must non-German citizen decide after they are 18 years old? (5) What abilities will he have to prove if a foreigner wants to apply for naturalization? 6. Fill in the blank with appropriate words. 1x5=5 A citizen means a resident of a state. He enjoys some (a)______. Every Bangladeshi is a (b)_____ of Bangladesh. Every foreigner domiciled in (c)_____ is also a citizen of Bangladesh. The (d)_____ of a citizen are divisible into civil and political rights. Political rights are at the root of a (e)_____ government. 7. Summarise five responsibilities, which a citizen should maintain in Germany. 1x5=5

8. Based on your reading of the passage make a flow chart in each of the boxes showing how the law of citizenship was reformed. (No. 1 has been done for you) 1x5=5 1. Giving no citizenship

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Model Question- 34 PartA: Seen Comprehension ( 4o Marks) Unit-13, Lesson-6 Read the passage below and answer questions 1-4: Approximately 100000 children who do not hold German citizenship are born in the Federal Republic of Germany every year. This situation will change on 1st January 2000, when a new citizenship law comes into force. From that day on, children born in Germany to non-German parents will receive German citizenship at birth. The citizenship reform consists of the following points. The children of non-German parents will receive German citizenship at birth in Germany if the father or mother has been legally resident in Germany for eight years. The parent must hold a permanent residence certificate or have held an unlimited residence permit for three years. If these children also acquire the citizenship of another country at birth they must choose between their German and non-German citizenship within a period of five years following their eighteenth birthday. If they wish to keep their German passport, they must prove that they have given up or withdrawn the citizenship of another country. If they do not do so, their German citizenship will be taken away. Foreigners will thus be able to apply for naturalization after only eight years rather than the present period of fifteen years. Those seeking naturalization must be able to support themselves and their families without the help of social security payments, must not have committed crimes and must also prove to possess adequate knowledge of German. The federal Government considers the reform an important contribution towards the integration of the foreign population. The acquisition of German citizenship entails not only rights, but also duties, for example the obligation to do military service for a short period, which is compulsory in Germany. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1x5=5 (a) Naturalisation means immigration/ plantation / integration. (b) A new law of citizenship was published / introduced/ canceled in Germany on 1st January 2000. (c) Before January 2000 foreigners could apply for naturalization after only seven/ eight/ nine years. (d) The lost / negligence/achievement of German citizenship is not only right but also duties. (e) A non-German parent must show /write /assign a permanent resident certificate for receiving his children’s citizenship. Extra (1) Children born in Germany/ German/ anywhere to German parents will receive German citizenship. (2) To protect / preserve / prevent German passport any one has to withdraw the citizenship of another country. (3) In case of not withdrawn / withdrawal / withdrew of citizenship of other countries German citizenship will be taken away. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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(4) Criminal record disqualifies / qualifies / dissuades a foreigner from applying for naturalization. (5) The withdrawal of the security / citizenship / residentship of another country is necessary. (6) The ability to support the family is elementary / not necessary / essential for those who seek naturalization in Germany. (7) To do military service for a short time in Germany is obligatory / optional / unnecessary. (8) A child holding a citizenship of another country has to read / select / busy between their German and non-German citizenship. (9) First January 2000 a child born in Germany of non-German parents can be accepted / derived / engaged as German citizen. (10) For the citizenship of the children the father or mother should have legal residence for six / seven/ eight years. 2. True/ false? If false, write the correct information. 1x5=5 (a) German people need not surrender dual citizenship. (b) The law regarding citizenship in Germany has remained unchanged. (c) A child cannot hold the citizenship of other country if he wants to be a citizen of Germany. (d) The reformation of the law of German citizenship is important to unite the foreign population. (e) Foreigners in German who seek naturalization must be able to earn. Extra (1) The acquisition of German citizenship entails not only rights but also responsibilities. (2) Naturalization is a process by which a foreigner can become a native one he or she applies for. (3) Contribution refers to achievement. (4) The federal govt. considers the reform an important contribution towards the integration of the foreign population. (5) Citizenship means a craft by which a citizen can enjoy his or her rights being a legal inmate of a state. (6) Residence refers to dwelling place. (7) Citizenship is the quality of being citizen in any city. (8) Country is such a sovereign territory in which an independent nation can be ruled by an elected govt. (9) A foreigner can be citizen of a country by fulfilling some conditions. 3. Fill in the blanks with appropriate words. Add any preposition if necessary.

1x5=5

(a) After (leave) ______ the citizenship of other countries, they can keep the German passport with them. (b) The (seek) ______ of German citizenship must follow certain rules. (c) The (gain) ______of German citizenship also have some duties. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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(d) The person (live) ______ Germany for a long time gets citizenship easily. (e) Commission of crime is a set back in (get) ______citizenship. Extra (1) Foreigners will be able to (apply) naturalization by following some condition. (2) If a person wants to be a citizen of a country, he (need) follow and maintain some condition. (3) This rule is supposed to be (compulsion) in Germany. (4) Being a citizen of this country, you should follow this rule (impose) ______ you. (5) He has every qualities of (be) a citizen. (6) A person who is a citizen at (born) can enjoy political rights too. (7) If anyone wants to be a citizen of any country, he/she has to have (person) ______ estate. (8) A person needs to be (marry) if he/ she desires to become a citizen of a country. (9) An indigenous citizen can enjoy (culture) rights too. (10) Family is the social united group (form) marriage. 4. (a) Make a list of five rules, which a child of non-German must maintain for being a holder of German citizenship. 1x5=5 (b) Make five sentences from the table. 1x5=5 A citizen of a state He

can marry can stay can go can buy can do

anywhere he wishes. and live there with his family. a house. for as long as he wants. a permanent job.

(c) Match the phrases from Column A with the ones in Column B. There are more phrases in Column B than are necessary. 1x5=5 (a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

A You need to live You should be social You have the rights You have the right of You have the right of having

B living in a state. of demanding no interference in private life, family life, residence or exchange of letters. (iii) in a state peacefully. (iv) participating in administration. (v) freedom of thought. (vi) freedom of violence. (vii) doing any odd thing. (i) (ii)

Unit-13 : Lesson-3 Read the passage below and answer questions 5-8 : Ayesha Begum has three sons and two daughters. Her husband was a landless farmer who used to work on other people's land. With great effort they married their daughters off by the time they reached teenage. The sons also started working with Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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their father as day labourers when they were old enough to help. By the time they were about seventeen years old, all of them had left to work in nearby towns to earn money. At first, they used to send money to their parents occasionally, but after getting married they barely had enough to support their own families. Ayesha Begum and her husband are now old and feeble. Years of malnutrition and deprivation have made them look older than their years. All they are left with now is their broken little thatched house. Out of desperation Ayesha Begum has started begging in the village to feed her old, invalid husband and herself. She does not know what ails him neither does she has the means to find out. She is too busy collecting food for survival. More Free (20 Marks) 5. Write short answers to the following questions. 1x5=5 (a) What did Ayesha Begum’s husband do? (b) When did her sons start working? (c) Why does Ayesha Begum beg now? (d) How does Ayesha Begum feed her husband now? (e) When did they marry off their daughters? Extra (1) When did their sons get marry? (2) How many children does Ayesha Begum have? (3) Why did their sons stop sending money? 6. Fill in the blanks with appropriate words. 1×5=5 Ayesha Begum is (a) ___with three sons and two daughters. Her husband (b) ____ a landless farmer. They married off their (c) ______ daughters with great effort. The sons (d) ____ work with their father. But now Ayesha Begum and her husband are (e) ____of their rights. 7. Summarise the main aspects of the passage in five sentences. 1x5=5 8. Based on your reading of the text make a flow chart in each of the boxes showing the miserable condition of Ayesha Begum. (No. 1 has been done for you) 1. Deplorable condition of husband

1×5=5

Model Question-35 PartA: Seen Comprehension (4o Marks) Unit-14, Lesson-1 Read the passage below and answer Questions 1-4: Literacy as a skill was first institutionalized in Mesopotamia, Syria, Egypt and China soon after the art of writing was invented. Education then was not for the general people but a privilege for the chosen few who took on strategic roles in the running of the state and in religion. In Greece, education became more widespread in about the 5th century BC. The Greeks, however, sent only their male children to school. When Rome was conquered by the Greeks, the Romans under Greek influence developed a strong tradition of literacy. The Romans preferred their children to acquire knowledge Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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about agriculture and warfare. It appears that the course of education is as eventful as the history of man. The Prophet Mohammed (SM) equated one literate non-believer with ten illiterate believers although he himself was not literate. Islamic civilization pivoted on literacy and patronage of scholarship. Ibn Sina (called Avicenna in the West) one of the most famous Muslim philosophers of all times, saw the task of education as creating a complete citizen, physically, mentally and morally, and preparing him for a profession whereby he could earn his own livelihood and contribute to the society. In the views of Al-Farabi, another great Muslim philosopher, education was one of the most important social phenomena which made sure that the individual was prepared from an early age to acquire values, knowledge and practical skills within a particular culture. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentences. 1x5=5 (a) Only male children were educated/deprived/fallen from the 5th century BC. (b) Although the ancient Romans were discovered/ invented/conquered by the Greeks, there was a positive outcome. (c) Education became more spread /widespread/extended in about 5th century BC. (d) The Romans liked agricultural/scientific/religious knowledge. (e) Education was only for those who had a roll/rule/role in running the state and religion. Extra (1) The female education was spread/neglected/extended by the Greeks. (2) Literacy makes everything different/outstanding/ pragmatic. (3) We need to be literate to avoid/accept/welcome brutality. (4) Reading, writing and arithmetic knowledge/sense/ power is literacy. (5) Literacy is helpful/detrimental/destructive to the nation. (6) Literacy came into practice soon after writing was founded/ invented/ perfected. (7) The Romans were seized by the Greek/the Chinese/the Egyptians. (8) At the beginning education was considered to be franchise/disadvantage/privacy of the chosen few.

(9) The purpose of education is mental/human/physical development. (10) The Romans like agricultural/scientific/religious knowledge.

2. True/false? If false write the correct answer. 1x5=5 (a) Greek influence did not develop any strong influence of literacy. (b) Literacy is a key to success. (c) The 5th Century BC is not important in the history of education. (d) In Rome a strong tradition of education was developed for the Greek influence. (e) The Greek educated only their female children. Extra (1) The strength of education is not so much powerful. (2) We should be educated for our destruction. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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(3) In Rome a strong tradition of education was developed for the Greek influence. (4) Literacy was institutionalized after the art of writing had been invented. (5) The passage is about the evolution of education. (6) No other philosopher was so great as Ibn Sina. (7) In the middle ages the Islamic thinkers put much emphasis on literacy. (8) Our Prophet Mohammad (sm) was not a literate man. (9) One literate non-believer is better than ten illiterate believers. (10) Avicenna was a famous philosopher of the middle age. 3. Fill in the blanks with suitable words. Add any preposition if necessary. 1x5=5 (a) Education needs to be (welcome)________ us cordially. (b) People need to (realize) ________ the importance of literacy. (c) Literacy helps us (have) ________ rationality. (d) The Greeks sent only their male children ________ (schooling). (e) Illiteracy (bring) ________ destruction for human. Extra (1) Education is a basic need for every (civilize) ________ people. (2) The (creat) ________ the art of writing greatly contributed to literacy. (3) Education (aim) ________ teaching not only literacy but also morality. (4) Romans were (influence) __________ the Greeks. (5) Literacy should not (underrate) ________. (6) Only female children (deprive) ________ education in the 5th century BC. (7) Literacy (assist) ________ us go a long way. (8) We should be very generous to (welcome) _________ goodness of education. (9) Ibn Sina felt that education prepares a citizen (contribute) _______ to his society. (10) In the middle ages Islamic Civilization (depend) ________ literacy and the support of rulers. 4. a) Make a list of five things about literacy in ancient times. 1x5=5 Unit-14, Lesson-3 Read the passage below and answer Questions 5-8 : One very conspicuous change in our society is the presence of working women outside the home. Of course it has to be acknowledged that women have always worked within the household but this commonly is not counted as "work". It is unfortunate that women's roles in agricultural societies (as in our village, particularly during harvest time) has not been recognised either. Whether it is due to economic necessity or the urge to establish an individual identity or both, nowadays many women are entering the outside work force. They are joining in wide range of professions. Moreover it is not only educated women who are opting to work but Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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Model Question-36 PartA: Seen Comprehension (4o Marks) Unit-14, Lesson-3 Read the passage below and answer Questions 1-4: One very conspicuous change in our society is the presence of working women outside the home. Of course it has to be acknowledged that women have always worked within the household but this commonly is not counted as "work". It is unfortunate that women's roles in agricultural societies (as in our village, particularly during harvest time) has not been recognised either. Whether it is due to economic necessity or the urge to establish an individual identity or both, nowadays many women are entering the outside work force. They are joining in wide range of professions. Moreover ft is not only educated women who are opting to work but Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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women with little or no education have come out of their cocoons to earn and become self reliant. This does not mean that life is any easier for women now. In many ways it is difficult since women must still fulfill their traditional roles of wife, mother and homemaker. At work, as they compete with men they have to prove their worth twice over in order to survive. 1. Choose the right words to complete each sentence. 1x5=5 (a) Women are competent/component/consultant to take on a wide range of professions. (b) Today women have become economically self dependant by coming out of their boundaries/ confinements/ circles. (c) Only education can rise/raise/arise the status of education in our society. (d) Generally women are supposed to do official/ household/outdoor activities. (e) Now a day’s women are joining in various occupations/ actions/activities. Extra (1) Not only educated but also half educated and uneducated women choose/fix/try to work outside the home. (2) Now women are competing with men to prove their qualification/value/ability in the society. (3) The urge of a woman to establish her own identity gives her the efficiency/efficience/ efficient in a job. (4) Women opting to work outdoors, manage/manages/ managing with home and office. (5) The emancipation of women is necessity/necessary/ nursery to develop a country. (6) The economic necessity has made them enter/earn/care the outside work force. (7) In the past household activities were performed/ perform/ performs only by women. (8) The position of women in Bangladesh is upgrading/ destining/deteriorating . (9) It is a matter of misfortune/unfortunate/unfortunately that woman’s roles in the agricultural societies have not been recognised. (10)Today women have become economically self-dependent by coming out of their boundaries/ confinements/ circles. 2. True/false. If false, write the correct information. 1x5=5 (a) It is only women who reap the harvest in the village. (b) Only educated women come to do work outside of home. (c) Due to economic necessity women are engaging themselves to earn money. (d) In our society the women’s work outside the home is surprising. (e) The house hold activities are recognised as work in our society. Extra (1) Now a day’s life has become easier for women. (2) Woman is not capable of doing all kinds of work. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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(3) Women should continue their traditional role in the family. (4) Only women having education are opting to work outside the home. (5) The main theme of the passage is self-reliance of women. 3. Fill in the blanks with suitable words. Add any preposition if necessary. 1x5=5 (a) The lack of education cannot prevent women from (come) _______ of their cocoons. (b) At present women are also capable of (enter) _______ into a wide range of professions. (c) In some sections, a woman (surpass) _______ a man in skill and motivation. (d) Today women are contributing to (built) _______ our national economy. (e) Women working at home throughout their life do not get any (recognize) _______. Extra (1) Most of the women in our society are not (self reliance) _______. (2) Women of all classes are not (opt) _______ to work outside the home. (3) Women have to excel themselves by (compete) _______ men. (4) The traditional (believe) _______ common people regarding women’s working ability is obviously wrong. (5) Women are entering the workforce for the (attain) _______ their economic solvency. (6) The reason for women’s (participate) _______ outside work is economy. (7) Economic support is (necessity) _______ women’s own identity. (8) Women are being (engage) _______ in job in a large scale. (9) Today women are (relief) _______ from their household works. (10) Many Bangladeshi women are now (get) _______ money by working outside. 4. a) Make a list of five reasons for which women are opting to do work outside the home. 1×5=5 b) Match the parts of sentences in column A with the other parts in column B to form meaningful sentences. 1×5=5 Column A Column B a) Women are now eager to i) be self-reliant. establish b)They intend to ii) difficult for women c) They earn iii) fulfill their traditional role of wife, mother and homemaker. d) They cannot but iv) their own identity. e) Life is still v) their own livelihood. Unit 14-Lesson-01 Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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Read the passage below and answer Questions 5-8 : Literacy as a skill was first institutionalized in Mesopotamia, Syria, Egypt and China soon after the art of writing was invented. Education then was not for the general people but a privilege for the chosen few who took on strategic roles in the running of the state and in religion. In Greece, education became more widespread in about the 5th century BC. The Greeks, however, sent only their male children to school. When Rome was conquered by the Greeks, the Romans under Greek influence developed a strong tradition of literacy. The Romans preferred their children to acquire knowledge about agriculture and warfare. It appears that the course of education is as eventful as the history of man. The Prophet Mohammed (SM) equated one literate non-believer with ten illiterate believers although he himself was not literate. Islamic civilization pivoted on literacy and patronage of scholarship. Ibn Sina (called Avicenna in the West) one of the most famous Muslim philosophers of all times, saw the task of education as creating a complete citizen, physically, mentally and morally, and preparing him for a profession whereby he could earn his own livelihood and contribute to the society. In the views of Al-Farabi, another great Muslim philosopher, education was one of the most important social phenomenons which made sure that the individual was prepared from an early age to acquire values, knowledge and practical skills within a particular culture. More Free (20 Marks) 5. Write short answers to the following questions. 1x5=5 (a) What is the equation of the Prophet Mohammad (sm) about literacy? (b) In what aspects should a complete citizen be good? (c) What did Islamic civilization pivot on? (d) How does education help a man to be a complete citizen? (e) Who conquered Rome? Extra (1) What was the purpose of education according to the Muslim philosopher? (2) What does Al-Farabi think suitable to educate people? (3) What does Avicenna believe about the task of education? (4) How many Muslim Philosophers do you find in the passage? Mention their names. (5) By what name is Ibn Sina known in the west? 6. Fill in the blanks with suitable words. 1x5=5 In the (a) ______ages, the prophet Mohammad (sm) (b) _______ on literate nonbeliever more than ten (c) ________ believers. Ibn Sina (d) ________ a literate person as a complete citizen. Another philosopher Al Farabi called literacy as one of the most important social (e) ________. 7. Summarize in five sentences the life in the middle age. 1x5=5 8. Based on your reading of the passages make a flow chart in each of the boxes showing the role of Islamic civilization pivoted on literacy. (No. 1 has been done for you) 1x5=5 Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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Model Questions 1. Islamic civilization pivoted on literacy.

Model Question-37 PartA: Seen Comprehension (4o Marks) Unit-16, Lesson-1 Read the passage below and answer Questions 1-4: The Sangsad Bhaban (Parliament House) at Sher-e-Bangla Nagar in Dhaka is a wonder of modern architecture and technology. It is one of the largest and most spectacular parliament buildings in the world. Originally designed by the famous American architect Louis I Kahn, this 155 ft high 9-storey building is surrounded by an artificial lake called the Crescent Lake. The main section is hidden behind a strong outer covering with circular and triangular openings. The structure has 1605 doors, 335 windows, 365 ventilators and corridors totaling to a bewildering length of 41.6 kilometers. But for the help of a guide, one could easily get lost in these deceptive corridors. The house has 354 seats for MPs, 56 for guests, 40 for journalists and 430 for spectators. It has also three party rooms each of which can seat 153 people. The whole place is air conditioned and includes all modern amenities. Although construction work on this structure started in 1964, it was finally inaugurated in 1982 and the first parliamentary session was held on 15 February the same year. Being a highly complex structure, its annual maintenance cost is about 50 million taka. This is truly a wonder for a poor country like Bangladesh. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1x5=5 (a) The parliament house of Bangladesh is an outstanding/ prominent/normal building. (b) It was finally inaugurated in 1972/1982/1962. (c) The name of the lake surrounding it is Foize lake/ Crescent lake/ Ahsan lake. (d) Visitors seeing the parliament house get struck with wonder/happiness/sadness. (e) Luis I kahn is an engineer/architect/artist. Extra (1) The structural design of the parliament house bears testimony to antiquity/modernism/ medievalism. (2) The Sangad Bhaban is an amusing/amazing/alluring architecture. (3) The Parliament house has 430/354/340 seats for spectators. (4) The construction work of the house was started during the time of Pakistan/British/Bangladesh. (5) The designer of Parliament House comes from America/Japan/Korea. (6) The Parliament House is a typical/difficult/complex shape. (7) To complete the Parliament house it took 18/8/28 years. (8) The Sangsad Bhaban is at Firmgate/Sher-e-Bangla Nagar/Tejgaon. (9) The Parliament House has 40 seats/56seats/153 seats for guests. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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(10) The famous Architect Luis I kahn designed/was designed/designer of the Sangsad Bhaban. 2. True/false? If false, write the correct information. 1x5=5 (a) The parliament house of Bangladesh should be preserved properly. (b) The Sangsad Bhaban is a wonder of modern architecture and technology. (c) It is difficult to enter into the corridors without the help of a guide. (d) Bangladesh can easily afford the maintenance cost of parliament house. (e) The designer of the Sangad Bhaban is a British. Extra (1) The Sangsad Bhaban is deprived of all modern facilities. (2) Only the MPs have entry into the Parliament House. (3) The corridors of the building are puzzling. (4) The main section of the house is not easily seen. (5) The Parliament House is not a wonder for a poor country. 3. Fill in the blanks with suitable words. Add any preposition if necessary. 1x5=5 (a) The Sangad Bhaban (preserve) ______ people’s interest. (b) People get (interest) ______ glimpse the scenery around Parliament House. (c) The Parliament House has (dignify) ______ our personality. (d) The Sangsad Bhaban is a (wonder) ______ structure of the world. (e) It (cost) ______ taka about fifty million for its annual maintenance. Extra (1) It was (design) ______ the famous architecture Louis I Khan. (2) Those who (come) ______ see the Parliament House get bewildered. (3) (Enter)______ the deceptive corridors, it needs the help of a guide. (4) All modern facilities are (availability) ______ in this beautiful building. (5) Our parliament house (situate) ______ at Sher-e-Bangla Nagar in Dhaka. (6) The designer of the Parliament House (come) ______ America. (7) An artificial lake (run) ______ round the Sangad Bhaban. (8) It was finally (inaugurate) ______ 1982. (9) Bangladesh can’t easily (afford) ______ the maintenance cost of Parliament House. (10) It is (surround) ______ by on artificial lake. 4. a) Make a list of five things that make the Sangad Bhaban a wonderful structure. 5 Or, (b) Complete the following chart with information from the text. 1x5=5 i) The bridge over the mighty river Jamuna is called ii) the eleventh largest in the world. iii) The construction firm that built the main bridge. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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iv) The approach road on the east is v)

for four years to build the bridge.

Unit-16: Lesson-03 Read the passage below and answer Questions 5-8 : It has been over three hundred years since Emperor Shah Jahan of Delhi built the Taj Mahal as a tomb for his wife in Agra. Architecturally, it is still one of the most beautiful buildings in the world. The building is made of fine white marble with inlays of coloured marble. It has eight sides and many open arches. It rests on a platform or terrace of red sandstone. Four slender white towers rise from the corners of the terrace. There is a large dome above the centre of the building. Around this large dome there are four smaller domes. Just inside the outer walls, there is an open corridor from which visitors can look through carved marble screens into a central room. The bodies of Shah Jahan and his wife Mumtaz lie in two graves below this room. The Taj Mahal is surrounded by a beautiful garden and there is a long pool that stretches out in front of the building. One can see the beauty of the Taj Mahal in its reflection in the pool water. Visitors come to see this wonderful building at different times of the day since it assumes a different look at different times. Most people like it best on moonlit nights. More Free (20 Marks) 5. Write short answers to the following questions. 1x5=5 (a) Why did Shahjan build the Taj Mahal? (b) Who was Mumtaj? (c) What special feeling prompted Shahjahan to build such an expensive building? (d) Where do the bodies of ShahJahan and his wife Mumtaj lie? (e) When is it seen most appealing? Extra (1) What is Taj Mahal? (2) Who was the builder of Taj Mahal? (3) What does the building stand for? (4) How many kinds of marble were used here? (5) How does the pool outside enhance the beauty of the Taj Mahal? (6) What architectural features of the Taj Mahal make it most impressive? (7) Why is it called the Taj Mahal? (8) From where can the visitors look into the central room? (9) What is the terrace on which the building is made? (10) Where is the open corridor? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1x5=5 There is a beautiful garden (a) ______ the Taj Mahal and a long pool stretches out in front of the building. Visitors (b) _______ see the beauty of the building. Its reflection Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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can be (c) ________ in the water of the pool. It looks (d) ________ on moonlight night. The building symbolizes pure (c) ________ of a husband for his beloved wife. 7. Summarise about Taj Mahal in five sentences.

1x5=5

8. Based on your reading of the passage, make a flow chart in each of the boxes showing the Taj Mahal a wonder of the world.(No. 1 has been done for you) 1.One of the most beautiful building in the world.

1x5=5

Model Question-38 PartA: Seen Comprehension (4o Marks) Unit-16, Lesson-3 Read the passage below and answer Questions 1-4: It has been over three hundred years since Emperor Shah Jahan of Delhi built the Taj Mahal as a tomb for his wife in Agra. Architecturally, it is still one of the most beautiful buildings in the world. The building is made of fine white marble with inlays of coloured marble. It has eight sides and many open arches. It rests on a platform or terrace of red sandstone. Four slender white towers rise from the corners of the terrace. There is a large dome above the centre of the building. Around this large dome there are four smaller domes. Just inside the outer walls, there is an open corridor from which visitors can look through carved marble screens into a central room. The bodies of Shah Jahan and his wife Mumtaz lie in two graves below this room. The Taj Mahal is surrounded by a beautiful garden and there is a long pool that stretches out in front of the building. One can see the beauty of the Taj Mahal in its reflection in the pool water. Visitors come to see this wonderful building at different times of the day since it assumes a different look at different times. Most people like it best on moonlit nights. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1x5=5 (a) The Taj Mahal represents the superficial /profound/artificial love of the emperor for his wife. (b) On the terrace there are four narrow/ high/thick towers. (c) The bodies of the emperor and his wife lie below the outer/inner/central room. (d) The greatest attraction of it is its design/garden/surroundings. (e) There is a large dome around/above/surrounded by four smaller domes. Extra (1) The Taj Mahal has one dome/two domes/many domes. (2) The great Emperor Shah Jahan has loved/abhorred/ disolved his wife Mumtaz Mahal. (3) The Taj Mahal is built/constructed/manufactured to perpetuate the remembrance of the wife of Emperor Shah Jahan. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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(4) The Taj Mahal is a great/bad/seductive achievement for the Emperor Shaha Jahan. (5) Around the Taj Mahal there is a high wall/pond/ground. (6) The symbol of goodness of Shah Jahan’s wife’s beauty/ugliness/mesmerism is expressed through the Taj Mahal. (7) The Taj Mahal stands on concrete pillar/a platform/iron pillar. (8) Around the large dome there are three/five/four smaller domes. (9) The beauty of the Taj Mahal seems to be eternal/ destructive/ etherealizing. (10) The Taj Mahal was built over one hundred/three hundred/four hundred years ago. 2. True /false? If false, write the correct information. 1x5=5 (a) The Taj Mahal was built after the death of Shah Jahan. (b) The wonder of Taj Mahal is very appealing. (c) The Taj Mahal is of valueless, at present. (d) The Taj Mahal was built over three hundred years ago. (e) Visitors come to glimpse the beauty of the Taj Mahal. Extra (1) The Taj Mahal was built as a symbol of world famous design. (2) The graves can be seen through a carved marble screen. (3) The Taj has four domes. (4) The Taj Mahal always assumes the same beauty. (5) Around the large dome there are four slender towers. (6) The interest of the Taj Mahal need not be preserved. (7) Around the Taj Mahal there is a beautiful river. (8) The Taj Mahal was named after the wife of Shah Jahan. 3. Fill in the blanks with suitable words. Add any preposition in necessary. 1x5=5 (a) The Taj Mahal was (build) ________ Emperor Shah Jahan. (b) A large dome (rise)________ the center of the building. (c) Red sandstone was (use) ________build the terrace. (d) The beauty of the Taj can (see) _______ in the pool water. (e) Emperor Shah Jahan built the Taj Mahal as a tomb for his (depart) _______ wife Mumtaj. Extra (1) The building is (make) _______ fine white marbles. (2) A large dome (rise) ______ the centre of the building. (3) The beauty of the Taj Mahal (assume) ________ a different look at different times. (4) The beauty of the Taj Mahal at moonlight night is very (attract) _______. (5) The Taj Mahal (deserve) ________ credit to be first. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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(6) We need to (preserve) ______ the glorious interest of the Taj Mahal. (7) The Taj Mahal (play) ______ a vital role in fulfilling the thirst of beauty of the visitors. (8) The Emperor Shah Jahan (want) _______ eternalize the love of him. (9) Visitors are greatly (impress) _______ the glorious interest of the Taj Mahal. (10) The Taj Mahal (stand) _______ on plat form. 4. (a) Make a list of five architectural design of the Taj Mahal. 1x5=5 Or, (b) Complete the following chart with information from the text. 1x5=5 i) The time of building the Taj Mahal ii) iii) It is situated iv.)

Emperor Shah Jahan of Delhi. four slender towers.

Unit-16 : Lesson-01 Read the passage below and answer Questions 5-8 : The Sangsad Bhaban (Parliament House) at Sher-E-Bangla Nagar in Dhaka is a wonder of modern architecture and technology. It is one of the largest and most spectacular parliament buildings in the world. Originally designed by the famous American architect Louis I. Kahn, this 155 ft high 9-storey building is surrounded by an artificial lake called the Crescent Lake. The main section is hidden behind a strong outer covering with circular and triangular openings. The structure has 1605 doors, 335 windows, 365 ventilators and corridors total to a bewildering length of 41.6 kilometers. But for the help of a guide, one could easily get lost in these deceptive corridors. The house has 354 seats for MPs, 56 for guests, 40 for journalists and 430 for spectators. It has also three party rooms each of which can seat 153 people. The whole place is air conditioned and includes all modern amenities. Although construction work on this structure started in 1964, it was finally inaugurated in 1982 and the first parliamentary session was held on 15 February the same year. Being a highly complex structure, its annual maintenance cost is about 50 million taka. This is truly a wonder for a poor country like Bangladesh. 5. Write short answer to the following questions. 1x5=5 (a) Who was the architect of the Sangsad Bhaban? (b) When did the construction work of our Parliament House commence? (c) When was it inaugurated? (d) What is the name of the lake that surrounds the Snagsad Bhaban? (e) Where is the Sangad Bhaban situated? Extra (1) How long time did it take to construct this magnificent building? (2) Who is Luis I Khan? (3) What is the height of the building? (4) Why is the annual maintenance cost of Parliament house so high? (5) How many seats are there for spectators? Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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6. Fill in the blanks with suitable words. 1x5=5 The Parliament House of Bangladesh is a marvellous product of modern technology. It stands at Sher-e-Bangla Nagar Dhaka. Everyday many (a) ________ come to visit this house. They become (b) _______ seeing this . During the parliamentary session 40 (c) _________ can be accommodated. The whole place is very (d) __________. This asset is our (e) _______. 7. Summarise five features of the Sangsad Bhaban.

1x5=5

8. Based on your reading of passage make a flow chart in each of the boxes showing why our parliament house becomes the wonder of our country. (No. 1 has been done for you) 1x5=5 1. Application of modern technology

Model Question-39 PartA: Seen Comprehension ( 4o Marks) Unit-15, Lesson-2 Read the passage below and answer Questions 1-4 Education is one of the basic needs of a human being and is essential for any kind of development. The poor socio-economic condition of Bangladesh can be largely attributed to most people's inaccessibility to education. Many illiterate people do not have any knowledge of health, sanitation and population control. If they were educated, they could live a healthy and planned life. Education teaches us how to earn well and how to spend well. It enables us to make the right choices in life and to perform our duties properly. It enhances our ability to raise crops, store food, protect the environment and carry out our social responsibilities. It is only education which can help us to adopt a rational attitude. It provides us with an enlightened awareness about things and this awareness is the prerequisite for social development. 1. Choose the right words to complete each sentence. 1x5=5 (a) The poor socio-economic condition is the result of insufficient / enormous / improper education. (b) Education teaches us how to acquire / earn / obtain wealth. (c) We can’t but go without education/ politics/ money. (d) Education gives us a better/ worse / sophisticated life. (e) The illiterate people should be imparted / outset / devoid education properly. Extra (1) Healthy and planned life is the outcome / fruit / agony of proper education. (2) Education arises/ builds / makes up our logic. (3) Social development depends on the consciousness / knowledge/ belief of education. (4) Education makes us able to carry out / finish/ destroy our duties properly. (5) Bangladesh can be developed / improved / poor with the touch of education. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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(6) Knowledge of the health, sanitation and population control is absent among the educated / illiterate/ old people. (7) A planned life is the upsurge / up shot/ agony of proper education. (8) Enlightened awareness can be provided by wealth / advice / education. (9) All sorts of progress / hindrance / responsibility depend on education. (10) Education purifies/ humbles / abases our mentality. 2. True/False? If false write the correct answer. 1x5=5 (a) Education retards social development. (b) Education provides us with a superstitious consciousness. (c) Many illiterate people do not have knowledge of health, sanitation and population control. (d) Education plays a very important role in helping us to perform our duties properly. (e) Most of the people of Bangladesh have the opportunity of proper education. Extra (1) Education is the only one fundamental need of human beings. (2) Awareness of proper education can provide a healthy and planned life. (3) Education is not only the way to make the right choices in life. (4) Rational attitude is the result of proper education. (5) Our poor socio-economic condition is not a problem for the spread of education. (6) The rich socio-economic condition of Bangladesh can be largely attributed to most people’s accessibility to education. (7) Lack of education has nothing to do with population control. (8) Rational attitude is the outcome of proper education. (9) Education reduces our ability to protect the environment. (10)Education helps us to enhance our agricultural production. 3. Fill in the blanks with appropriate words. Add any preposition if necessary. 1x5=5 (a) There should be (acknowledge)______women’s working within the house. (b) Today there are more (difficult)______in women’s lives. (c) Economic support is (necessity)____women’s identity. (d) Poverty is responsible for most people’s (in access) ______ education. (e) Education is necessary for the (develop) ______a country. Extra (1) Education (help) ______us to adopt a rational attitude. (2) (Poor) _____ is responsible for not spreading education. (3) We can attribute the socio-economic (develop)_______ of the country to education. (4) Many illiterate people (not aware) ____ of the rules of health. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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(5) Education helps the (protect) _______ of environment. (6) We own the (enhance)_____of our abilities to education. (7) A rural man usually (not have) _____any knowledge of sanitation. (8) (Illiterate) _____ is an obstacle to healthy and planned life. (9) If they were illiterate, they (live) _______ a healthy and planned life. (10) Education is (need) _______ for everybody’s progress. 4. (a) Make a list of five aspects of life in which education is essential. 1x5=5 Or,(b) Match the phrases in column A with the phrases in column B. There are more phrases than necessary in column B. 1x5=5 A (a) Only education can help us to (b) Illiterate man does not know how to (c) Educated man knows how to (d) We can lead a planned life by (e) Education enhances our ability to

B (i) select a right decision. (ii) pollute the surroundings. (iii) being educated. (iv) protect the environment. (v) adopt rational attitude. (vi) earn well.

Or, (c) Make five sentences from the table below: Education Illiterate people

is are do not can are not make

not so important in a country able to help the progress of a country teach us to earn well a basic need for human beings able to select right things know the rules of health

Unit-15: Lesson-3 Read the passage below and answer Questions 5-8: Working opportunities for women are very few in rural areas of Bangladesh. They usually spend their time doing their household chores. The ILO recently started a project titled "Technologies for Rural Employment with Special Reference to Women and Sustainable Development". The aim of this project is to impart training to rural women in various activities and make them self-reliant. Sakhina Begum is a beneficiary of this project. She attended a training course on food processing at the Bangladesh Agriculture Research Institute (BARI) at Gazipur. Sakhina has two school-going children. Her husband is a rickshaw puller who does not earn enough to support the family and pay for the children's education. From the BARI training course, Sakhina learnt how to make jam, jelly, pickles, popcorn and many other food items. Along with her fellow project beneficiaries, she is now producing these items and selling them in the local market. With the proceeds, she is now able to add to her family income. If they continue doing their work, Sakhina and other women working with her will surely see happier days with the new employment opportunities created by the ILO project. 5. Write short answer to the following questions. 1x5=5 Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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(a) How do village women usually spend their time? (b) What is the purpose of ILO? (c) Who is Shakhina Begum? (d) How does the ILO project help a woman to be self-dependant? (e) What did Shakhina learn from the food processing course? Extra (1) What does ILO mean? (2) Write down the name of the institute giving training under this project? (3) Can these village women earn any cash money? (4) What is the full expression of ILO? (5) What is the full expression of BARI? (6) What does Sakhina Begum’s husband do? (7) How was Sakhina benefited from the training? (8) Who will be the beneficiaries of this project? (9) Do you think other rural women like Sakhina Begum may also be self-reliant? (10) What did Sakhina Begum attend? 6 Fill in the blanks with suitable words: 1x5=5 The number of women is not so common among our working people. Most of them are men(a)________. We see only a few numbers of women workers in the villages. ILO has recently (b) _______ a new project for rural women. This project will enable rural women to be (c) _______. Sakhina Begum is a village woman. She took a (d) ________on producing different foods under the project. Now she can financially help her (e)______. 7. Summarise in five sentences the role of Sakhina in income generating activities. 1x5=5 8. Based on your reading of the passages make a flow chart in each of the boxes showing how Sakhina has brought a change in her family. (No. 1 has been done for you) 1x5=5 1. Attending training under ILO

Model Question- 40 PartA: Seen Comprehension (4o Marks) Unit-15, Lesson-3 Read the passage below and answer Questions 1-4: Working opportunities for women are very few in rural areas of Bangladesh. They usually spend their time doing their household chores. The ILO recently started a project titled "Technologies for Rural Employment with Special Reference to Women and Sustainable Development". The aim of this project is to impart training to rural women in various activities and make them self-reliant. Sakhina Begum is a beneficiary of this project. She attended a training course on food processing at the Bangladesh Agriculture Research Institute (BARI) at Gazipur. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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Sakhina has two school-going children. Her husband is a rickshaw puller who does not earn enough to support the family and pay for the children's education. From the BARI training course, Sakhina learnt how to make jam, jelly, pickles, popcorn and many other food items. Along with her fellow project beneficiaries, she is now producing these items and selling them in the local market. With the proceeds, she is now able to add to her family income. If they continue doing their work, Sakhina and other women working with her will surely see happier days with the new employment opportunities created by the ILO project. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1x5=5 (a) Training for women impart /imparts/is imparted at BARI. (b) Working facilities are very few for women/men/children in villages. (c) Women usually spend their time doing/do/does household chores. (d) Salina/Nasima/Village women are the largest beneficiaries of the project. (e) The BARI makes research on research institute/people of Gazipur/agriculture. Extra (1) The aim of ILO project is improving women’s standard/making women active/to provide training to women. (2) This passage deals with food processing/working women/women’s right. (3) Working opportunities for women are very ample/adequate/little. (4) Sakhina’s family was needy/solvent/none of these. (5) ILO has recently brings /brought/bring about a new project. (6) Shakhina’s husband draws/carries/takes a rickshaw. (7) The women of rural areas are talkative/unemployed/ unemployment. (8) Shakhina got training on sewing/food processing/cooking. (9) In this passage the word “proceeds” means procedure/ profit/ procure. (10) Shakhina knows the art of producing food/sweet/honey. 2 True/False? If false, give the correct information. 1x5=5 (a) There is a great working opportunity for women in villages. (b) Providing employment is no concern of the ILO. (c) Women in rural areas do household and official activities. (d) ILO makes the rural women solvent. (e) Doing household chores is the regular picture of urban women. Extra (1) BARI is a place for food processing. (2) ILO training is highly beneficial for the pastoral women. (3) Jam, jelly, etc. are the items of cosmetics. (4) The village women are engaged in income- generating activities. (5) ILO has given much emphasis on women’s training. (6) The passage deals with food processing. (7) Shakhina Begum failed to attend a training on food processing. (8) Shakhina successfully contributes to her family income. (9) There were twelve members in her family. (10) The training course that Shakhina attended was held at the BARI PROJECT. 3. Fill in the blanks with appropriate words. Add any preposition if necessary.

(a) The women of rural areas are (unemployment) ________. (b) Rural women usually spend their time (do) ________household chores. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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(c) Shakhina now earns through her (produce) ________. (d) The training (impart) ________women under the supervision of ILO. (e) Shakhina (contribute) ________ her family. Extra (1) (Do) _______ household chores is the regular activities of rural women. (2) (Self-relaint) _______ is the aim of ILO. (3) Shakhina Begum is a (benefit) _______ of this project. (4) Processing food gives (add) _______ income to Sakhina’s family. (5) The training of ILO plays an important role for the (eradicate) _______ poverty. (6) The aim of ILO is (provide) _______ training to rural women. (7) Two children (bring up) _______ in Sakhina’s family. (8) The training course (held) _______ at ILO project. (9) The poor income of Sakhina’s husband (compel) _______ her to look for work. (10) Shakhina Begum now (show) _______ others how to process food. 4. (a) Make a list of five activities of ILO. 1×5=5 Or, (b) Make five sentences from the table below. 1×5=5 ILO works to

are not engaged now solvent and can finance the family The project reduce poverty from the developing countries The rural women the motto of the project Shakina aims at improving the living standard of rural people Making the rural is with income generating activities to women self-reliant the development of the country Or, (c) Match the phrases from column A with the ones in column B. there are more phrases in column B than are necessary. 1×5=5 A

(1) It is essential to (i) has changed her lot. (2) By attending the training (ii) present them happier days. Sakhina (iii) is needed for the development of the (3) ILO creates country. (4) Participation of women at every (iv) impart training to the rural women. sphere (v) new opportunities of working. (5) The ILO training will (vi) standard of rural people. (vii) without household work. Unit—15; Lesson—2 Read the passage below and answer the questions: 5- 8 Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

174

Model Questions

Education is one of the basic needs of a human being and is essential for any kind of development. The poor socio-economic condition of Bangladesh can be largely attributed to most people's inaccessibility to education. Many illiterate people do not have any knowledge of health, sanitation and population control. If they were educated, they could live a healthy and planned life. Education teaches us how to earn well and how to spend well. It enables us to make the right choices in life and to perform our duties properly. It enhances our ability to raise crops, store food, protect the environment and carry out our social responsibilities. It is only education which can help us to adopt a rational attitude. It provides us with an enlightened awareness about things and this awareness is the prerequisite for social development. 5. Write short answer to these questions. 1x5=5 (a) Why is education essential? (b) What does education teach us to do? (c) What is the pre-requisite of social development? (d) What is essential for any kind of development? (e) What is one of the basic needs of a human being? Extra (1) What does education teach us? (2) Why can’t most people get education? (3) Does education make us aware of our rights? (4) What is the cause of mass illiteracy in Bangladesh? (5) Why are not the illiterate people aware of? (6) What does education aim at? (7) How is poverty an effect of illiteracy? (8) How can education ensure a better life for all? (9) What is needed for social development? (10) How can a rational attitude be developed? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words: 1×5 = 5 Education is the fullest development of body, (a)____________ and soul together. Without education, no nation can be (b) _______. The overall success of a nation (c) _______ on education. But most people of our country can not have the opportunities of being (d) _______for the poor socio-economic (e) _______. 7. Summarise the passage in 5 sentences. 1x5=5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short note in each of the boxes in the flow chart showing the functions of education (No. 1 has been done for you) 1x5=5 1. Education the basic need

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Model Question- 41 PartA: Seen Comprehension ( 4o Marks) Unit-15, Lesson-6 Read the passage below and answer Questions 1-4 : UNICEF stood originally for the United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund. But now it is the United Nations Children's Fund which gives long term help to children of developing nations. It runs several welfare projects in Bangladesh. It has established numerous maternity and baby care centers around the country to ensure the health of babies and child-bearing mothers. It has organised training porgrammes to create rural health workers. Through awareness-raising activities about health and nutrition, this organization has been able to reduce infant mortality rates in Bangladesh. Besides, in times of disasters like cyclones, floods and famine, it undertakes humanitarian work to help the affected people. To facilitate education, UNICEF distributes reading and writing materials among students, trains teachers and promotes primary education particularly among girls. It also assists a variety of rehabilitation programmes in Bangladesh. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1x5=5 (a) UNICEF helps the children of developing /develop/ underdeveloped nation. (b) Education is the fullest development of mind, body and hole/full/soul together. (c) UNICEF always tries to enhance / reduce / promote infant mortality rates. (d) It is our burden/ responsibility/pity to take care of children. (e) UNICEF helps/assists/pragmatises rehabilitation programmes in Bangladesh. Extra (1) UNICEF distributes free materials among students to make education proper/ universal / easy. (2) UNICEF is vitally involved in the exposure / destruction /extermination of children. (3) Many children of Bangladesh suffer from prosperous / natural / contagious diseases. (4) The main objective of it is to promote peace/ health/ happy lives. (5) UNICEF has contributed to raising / lowering / stopping infant mortality rates in Bangladesh. (6) It has set up few / several / many baby and mother care centers. (7) It also helps Bangladesh in times of calamity / prosperity / peace. (8) It extends its helpful / helping / active hand to the disaster affected people. (9) Maternity and baby care centers help a child bearing women to avoid the worry/ risk/ tension of death or losing her child. 2. True/ False? If false, write the correct information. 1x5=5 (a) UNICEF only ensures baby care centers in Bangladesh. (b) Infant mortality rate in Bangladesh is going up. (c) UNICEF is entitled for assisting the adult. (d) The role of UNICEF in the nourishment of children cannot easily be ignored. (e) Our children get their rights and privileges. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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Model Questions

Extra (1) Many children are engaged in most inhuman and heinous activities. (2) Children should not be given any opportunity to grow. (3) It renders no help in education sector. (4) Infant mortality rate has been enhanced dramatically. (5) It always tries to make people conscious. (6) Reading and writing materials are sometimes provided by it to facilitate education to remove poverty. (7) The activities of UNICEF in Bangladesh play a negative role in social development. (8) It has taken many projects in order to help the destitute children of Bangladesh. (9) UNICEF makes our women aware of health and nutrition. (10) It provides only long term help. 3. Fill in the blanks with suitable words. Add any preposition if necessary. 1x5=5 (a) UNICEF (stand) ______ United Nations International Children’s Fund. (b) It has contributed significantly to raising peoples (aware) _________ health, nutrition and education. (c) Humanitarian work also (undertake) ________ by UNICEF. (d) Awareness raising activities resulted in the (reduce) ________ infant mortality rate. (e) UNICEF (set) _______ a lot of institutions in Bangladesh. Extra (1) We should take (care) ________ children. (2) In times of natural calamity UNICEF (come) ______ forward to save us. (3) Pragmatic steps should be (adopt) ______ to prevent natural disasters. (4) UNICEF has (facilitate) ______ promote child education. (5) Many a maternity center is (establish) _________ UNICEF. (6) It also helps to protect (exploit) ________. (7) The students of developing countries (benefit) ________ UNICEF. (8) It has helped Bangladesh to get rid of (poor) _________. (9) UNICEF (assist) ________ children go a long way before dense and thick step. 4. Make a list of five things that UNICEF does in Bangladesh. 1x5=5 1x5=5 i. Make five sentences from the table below. UNICEF Education Many babycare centers We

has been helped to be well designed by UNICEF. has assisted by UNICEF during disasters. have been established by UNICEF. geared up by UNICEF.

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Our superstructure

to be

177

benefited our children.

ii. Match the phrases from column A with the ones in column B. There are more phrases in column B than are necessary. 1x5=5 B (i) by the people. (ii) by U.N.O. (iii) by UNICEF in Bangladesh. (iv) children better their condition. (v) many maternity centers. (vi) promoting education. (vii) role in Bangladesh. 5. Write short answer to the following questions. 1x5=5 (a) What does UNICEF stand for? (b) What does UNICEF do to facilitate education? (c) Why does UNICEF organize training programme? (d) What is its activity about babies and child bearing mother? (e) What does it do when any natural calamities strike? Extra (1) Name one long-term activity of the UNICEF. (2) How does UNICEF help to reduce infant mortality rate in Bangladesh.? (3) How does it help social development in Bangladesh? (4) How was it initially different from what it is now? (5) What has contributed in the area of lowering infant mortality? (6) Which part of the population does the education particularly target? (7) At what time does it undertake humanitarian work? 6. Fill in the blanks with suitable words. 1x5=5 UNICEF is an (a) _______ to give assistance to the children of developing countries. It runs several welfare project in Bangladesh like (b) _______ numerous maternity and baby care centers. It has a great (c) _______ in removing contagious childhood diseases. It creates helps for rural workers by (d) _______training programs. It (e) _______the affected people during the period of disaster. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences. 1x5=5 8. Based on your reading of the passage make a flow chart in each of boxes showing how awareness of health and nutrition can benefit to the society. (No. 1 has been done for you) 1x5=5 a. b. c. d. e.

A UNICEF plays a vital It assists It has established It has helped Education is pragmatised

1. Awareness of health and nutrition

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Model Question- 42 PartA: Seen Comprehension (4o Marks) Unit-17, Lesson-5 Read the passage below and answer questions 1-4: Document exchange through facsimile (popularly known as fax) system is emerging as a major application of telecommunication due to its speed of transmission. A telephone connection is necessary for operating it. The fax machine is capable of transmitting and receiving printed matter, which may include graphics, drawings, pictures, handwritten texts, etc. This is highly suitable for business and official purposes which deal mostly with paper documents. There are two types of fax systems— the photographic and the document. In the photographic fax, black and white, as well as gray level information is transmitted and printed. Typically there are 8 and 16 levels that can be recognised by the system. The document system handles only black and white levels. Generally the document facsimile is more popular than the photographic system. The receiver/transmitter functions, which are applicable to both the types of fax systems, are shown in the following figure. Input document Scanning ↓ Compression ↓ Transmission

Output document Printing ↑ Decompression ↑ Reception

Faxed messages are received immediately after being sent and has thus become an important tool for correspondence in the world of business, trade and commerce. It is also used for many different types of personal and official correspondence. It is cheaper than using the telephone. It takes less than a minute to fax one A4 size page of written message from Dhaka to Chittagong, Rajshahi, Khulna, Barisal, or any other town in Bangladesh, and it costs about 25 taka for that. The same message would take about 5 minutes over the telephone and would cost 3-4 times more than what it takes to fax. That is why people prefer the fax to the telephone. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1x5=5 (a) Nowadays fax has become popular because of its speed/cost/authenticity. (b) The fax machine can transmit and receive news/printed matter/voice. (c) Document facsimile is more popular than computer/photography/internet. (d) Fax has become an important medium for correspondence/official use/ telephonic message. (e) Telephone is costlier than fax/computer/e-mail. Extra (1) The speed of transmission has made facsimile slow/incapable/popular. (2) Facsimile requires computer/modem/telephone connection. (3) All sorts of information can be applicable/shown/ printed. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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(4) The photographic system is not very essential/popular /useable. (5) Fax can reduce the use /print/ cost of paper documents. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information. (a) Fax does not require any telephone connection. (b) Fax can transmit and receive graphics, drawings and pictures. (c) Fax is mainly used for official purposes. (d) Photographic system is more popular than document system. (e) Facsimile is cheaper than telephone. Extra (1) Fax can be operated without a telephone connection. (2) Hand written texts can be received also. (3) The document system deals only with gray levels. (4) Fax is a speedy mode of communication. (5) Fax is cheaper than telephone.

3. Fill in the gaps with the correct words. Add any preposition if necessary.

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1x5=5

(a) Effective communication is an essential part of (office) _______ management. (b) At present fax (become) _______ an indispensable part. (c) A telephone (connect) _______ is required for its operation. (d) It transmits and receives (inform) _______ text. (e) Telephone is (costly) _______ than fax. Extra (1) Facsimile system (apply) _______ in the field of communication. (2) A telephone connection is necessary for its (operate) _______. (3) The fax machine is (able) _______ to transmit and receive printing matters. (4) (Print) _______ matter is transmitted and received by a fax machine. (5) More popularity (earn) _______ by document facsimile. 4. (a) Make a list of five features of facsimile. 1x5=5 (b) Make five sentences from the table below. 1x5=5 A telephone connection is required It has the capacity Fax is always ready Fax helps a lot It takes less time

to transmit messages immediately to develop the fax system to send messages to operate printed matter to receive trade and commerce popular than document system

(c) Match the phrases from Column A with the ones in Column B. There are more phrases in Column B than are necessary. 1x5=5 (a) (b) (c)

A Fax is an electronic Fax system deals mostly with All documents can be

B (i) is needed for it (ii) business, trade and commerce (iv) medium of communication

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(d) (e)

Electronic equipment like telephone It is used in today's

(v) for official correspondence (vi) easily transmitted (vii) paper documents

Unit—17; Lesson—6 Read the passage below and answer Questions: 5-8 Electronic mail, popularly known as 'e-mail', is the communication of textual messages via electronic means. Although telex communication is also electronic in nature, there are differences between a telex and e-mail. While telex communication is terminal-to-terminal, electronic mail communication is user-to-user via the computer. In telex, messages destined to a number of users are sent to the same terminal from where it is distributed in a printed form by an operator. On the other hand, e-mail is delivered to individual electronic mail boxes based in computers. In order to operate an e-mail system we need a personal computer, a modem and a telephone connection. An important advantage of e-mail is its ability to reduce the consumption of paper in the office. Internal memos and reports can be exchanged electronically without using paper. Being a computer-based messaging system, files prepared on computers can be instantly copied and easily exchanged as e-mail. This facility has the potential of improving office efficiency considerably. Being a personto-person communication, e-mail turns out to be a cheaper alternative to telephone conversation and eliminates the time spent in establishing phone calls. For a telephone conversation to materialise, both the caller and the called must be present simultaneously. Some studies indicate that as much as 70 per cent of the business phone calls during business hours do not succeed in the first attempt due to unavailability of the party being called. E-mail permits communication between two parties without the parties actually being present simultaneously. Privacy is ensured as the mail is delivered to an individual's mail box which can be accessed or opened only by the intended recipient. E-mail has brought about a revolution in modern communication. Messages can be transmitted from one country to another within seconds. It is far cheaper than telephone calls. Trade and commerce has become greatly dependent on this speedy mode of communication. It has, however, not reached every one, especially in developing countries like ours, as most people cannot afford to have a personal computer. But even here people have started using commercially operated e-mail facilities for important purposes. 5. Write short answers to these questions about telex and e-mail. 1x5=5 (a) How is a message distributed in telex? (b) How can e-mail reduce the consumption of paper? (c) Why is e-mail a speedy mode of communication? (d) What are the disadvantages of telex? (e) How is an e-mail delivered? Extra (1) What is an e-mail? (2) How is a telex message delivered? (3) How can files prepared on computers be easily exchanged? Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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(4) How does e-mail turn out to be a cheaper alternative to telephone? (5) What does e-mail permit? (6) Differentiate between e-mail and telex. (7) What advantage can we get from e-mail? (8) How is e-mail a cheaper communication? (9) Why is not e-mail available in the developing countries like Bangladesh? (10) What do we need to operate an e-mail? (11) What is an important advantage of e-mail? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1×5=5 E-mail system cannot be (a) ___________ without a personal computer. It has (b) ___________ paper consumption. It is a speedy (c) ____________ of communication and thus we can save time. E-mail messages can be opened only by the actual (d) _______. In the years to come, trade and commerce will largely (e) _______on it. 7. Summarise the working process of e-mail including the different benefits of it. 1x5=5

8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow chart showing the advantages of e-mail. (No. 1 has been done for you) 1x5=5 1. Reducing the consumption of paper

Model Question- 43 PartA: Seen Comprehension ( 4o Marks) Unit-17, Lesson-6 Read the passage below and answer Questions 1—4 Electronic mail, popularly known as 'e-mail', is the communication of textual message via electronic means. Although telex communication is also electronic in nature, there are differences between a telex and e-mail. While telex communication is terminal-toterminal, electronic mail communication is user-to-user via the computer. In telex, messages destined to a number of users are sent to the same terminal from where it is distributed in a printed form by an operator. On the other hand, e-mail is delivered to individual electronic mail boxes based in computers. In order to operate an e-mail system we need a personal computer, a modem and a telephone connection. An important advantage of e-mail is its ability to reduce the consumption of paper in the office. Internal memos and reports can be exchanged electronically without using paper. Being a computer-based messaging system, files prepared on computers can be instantly copied and easily exchanged as e-mail. This facility has the potential of improving office efficiency considerably. Being a person-to-person communication, e-mail turns out to be a cheaper alternative to telephone conversation and eliminates the time spent in establishing phone calls. For a telephone conversation to materialise, both the caller and the called must be present simultaneously. Some studies indicate that as much as 70 per cent of the business phone calls during business hours do not succeed in the first attempt due to unavailability of the party being called. E-mail permits communication between two parties without the parties actually being present simultaneously. Privacy is ensured as the mail is delivered to an individual's mail box which can be accessed or opened only by the intended recipient. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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E-mail has brought about a revolution in modern communication. Messages can be transmitted from one country to another within seconds. It is far cheaper than telephone calls. Trade and commerce has become greatly dependent on this speedy mode of communication. It has, however, not reached everyone, especially in developing countries like ours, as most people cannot afford to have a personal computer. But even here people have started using commercially operated e-mail facilities for important purposes. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1x5=5 (a) E-mail is the communication of textual messages via telephone/television/ computer. (b) A personal computer, a modem and a telephone connection are necessary in operating facsimile/fax/e-mail. (c) The consumption of paper in the offices can be reduced by using e-mail/cell phone/telex. (d) Failure of telephone calls during business hours is about sixty/seventy/ eighty per cent. (e) E-mail can transmit messages within moments/ seconds/minutes. Extra (1) Electronic mail is communicative/ensuring/electronic in nature. (2) Privacy cannot be ensured in a telex/e-mail/internet. (3) A modem is necessary for operating computer/ telephone/e-mail. (4) E-mail can reduce the use of manpower/telephone/ paper. (5) E-mail is popular because it is more/most/low costly. (6) Electronic mail is delivered to national/international/ individual electronic mail boxes based in the computer. (7) In an office, internal reports can be made/bought/ exchanged electronically. (8) E-mail has stopped/brought about/changed a revolution in modern communication. (9) Privacy is disclosed/ensured/uncertain in the system of e-mail communication. (10) E-mail is the name of a speedy/difficult/complex mode of communication. (11) Both telex and e-mail systems are used for printing/operating/exchanging textual messages. (12) E-mail is purely a computer-based model/mode/media of communication. (13) If the addressee is absent any message sent to him by e-mail is eventually/ consequently/ automatically stored in the mail box of his computer. (14) E-mail facilitates communication/conversation/ privacy between users without their simultaneous presence being required at both ends. (15) The first thing that is needed to operate/afford/handle the e-mail system is a personal computer. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information. 1x5=5 (a) Electricity is not necessary for an e-mail. (b) Telex is distributed in a printed form. (c) E-mail is a computer-based messaging system. (d) E-mail is not cheaper than telephone conversation. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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(e) In Bangladesh e-mail is accessible to all. Extra (1) Telex communication requires an operator who distributes the messages. (2) Telex communication also requires mail boxes. (3) E-mail has become popular as it can only be opened by the concerned recipient. (4) Communication between two parties is possible in telex. (5) Business communication will be hampered without e-mail. (6) E-mail eliminates the time spent in establishing phone calls. (7) For an e-mail communication both the sender and the receiver must be present simultaneously. (8) Anyone can access to or open an individual's mail box based in computer. (9) Internal memos and reports can be exchanged electronically by using e-mail without using paper. (10) E-mail is dearer than telephone conversation. (11) Messages sent by telex are always received in a printed form. (12) E-mail messages are transmitted through telephone lines. (13) In the e-mail system, a message reaches the intended addressee on the same day it is transmitted. (14) The disadvantage of the telex system is that the intended receiver must be present on the other end. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words. Add any preposition if necessary. 1x5=5 (a) Electronic mail is one of the modern (device)__________. (b) It (bring) _________ about a revolution in trade and commerce. (c) Telex and e-mail are electronic in nature but there are many (differ) _________ between them. (d) Privacy (not ensure) _________ in a telex message. (e) It (distribute) __________ a printed form. Extra (1) E-mail has (revolution) ________ the way of modern communication. (2) E-mail develops our (efficient) _______working. (3) The field of communication has (experience) _____ revolutionary change due to the introduction of e-mail. (4) E-mail helps (transmit) _________ messages within seconds. (5) The (present) ________ of both the caller and the called is necessary for telephone conversation. (6) People have started (use) _______ e-mail commercially for the intended recipient. (7) An individual's mail box can (access) ________ only by the intended recipient. (8) Within seconds, message (transmit) ________from one country to another. (9) The caller and the (call) _________ must be present simultaneously in a telephone communication. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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(10) E-mail is a communication system (base) ________ in computer. (11) E-mail system is (difference)________. (12) E-mail is a much more (convenience) _________. 4. a. Make a list of five things that are related to electronic mail. b. Make five sentences from the table below. We need a personal computer

1x5=5 1x5=5

in order to

reduce the consumption of paper We use an e-mail a telephone We can exchange reports without using computer-based messaging system We cannot operate an e-mail is operate an e-mail system Files can't be easily papers exchanged as e-mail telephone conversation c. Match the phrases from Column A with the ones in Column B. There are more phrases in Column B than are necessary. 1x5=5 A B (a) E-mail is an electronic medium (i) can be received in text (b) Information exchanged through (ii) easily transmitted (c) faxes (iii) speedy mode of communication (d) Hand-written texts can be (iv) in a telex message (e) E-mail is a person to person (v) for communication Present world largely depends on (vi) communication this (vii) hampered without e-mail Unit—17; Lesson—5 Read the passage below and answer Questions 5-8 Document exchange through facsimile (popularly known as fax) system is emerging as a major application of telecommunication due to its speed of transmission. A telephone connection is necessary for operating it. The fax machine is capable of transmitting and receiving printed matter, which may include graphics, drawings, pictures, handwritten texts, etc. This is highly suitable for business and official purposes which deal mostly with paper documents. There are two types of fax systems— the photographic and the document. In the photographic fax, black and white, as well as gray level information is transmitted and printed. Typically there are 8 and 16 levels that can be recognised by the system. The document system handles only black and white levels. Generally the document facsimile is more popular than the photographic system. The receiver/transmitter functions, which are applicable to both the types of fax systems, are shown in the following figure. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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Input document

185

Output document

Scanning ↓ Compression ↓ Transmission

Printing ↑ Decompression ↑ Reception

Faxed messages are received immediately after being sent and has thus become an important tool for correspondence in the world of business, trade and commerce. It is also used for many different types of personal and official correspondence. It is cheaper than using the telephone. It takes less than a minute to fax one A4 size page of written message from Dhaka to Chittagong, Rajshahi, Khulna, Barisal, or any other town in Bangladesh, and it costs about 25 taka for that. The same message would take about 5 minutes over the telephone and would cost 3-4 times more than what it takes to fax. That is why people prefer the fax to the telephone. 5. Write short answers to these questions about fax. 1x5=5 (a) What is fax? (b) How many types of fax system are there? (c) Which one is more popular? (d) How has it become an important tool? (e) How much does one A4 size page of written message cost? Extra (1) Why is facsimile popular? (2) What can fax machine do? (3) How many levels are there? (4) Which one is more popular? (5) Why has it become an important tool? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1x5=5 We live in the computer age. Computer, e-mail, fax touch everyone in (a) ________life. We are (b) _______ in the era of information technology. In information technology, specially after the wide (c) _________of e-mail, fax recently has really entered in our dally activities. We are still on the darker (d) _________of digital device. Many of us do not know that fax and e-mail are (e) __________ to use and low in cost. 7. Summarise the process of facsimile. 1x5=5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow chart showing the characteristics of fax and its benefits. (No. 1 has been done for you) 1x5=5 1. Speedy mode of communication

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Model Question- 44 PartA: Seen Comprehension ( 4o Marks) Unit-18, Lesson-2 Read the passage below and answer Questions: 1—4 Though a small country, Bangladesh has three World Heritage Sites: the historic Shatgombuj Mosque of Bagerhat, the ruins of the Buddhist Vihara at Paharpur and the Sundarbans. The Shatgombuj Mosque is a 15th century Islamic edifice situated in the suburbs of Bagerhat, on the edge of the Sundarbans, some 175 km south-west of Dhaka. It is an enormous Moghul architectural site covering a very large area. The Mosque is unique in that it has sixty pillars, which support seventy-seven exquisitely curved domes that have been worn away with the passage of time. The mausoleum of the city’s founder, Khan Jahan Ali can be found nearby. With the declaration of the mosque as a World Heritage Site, it is hoped that this beautiful architectural monument will be preserved from further decay. The Buddhist Vihara at Paharpur, 200 kilometers north-west of Dhaka, was founded in the 7th century. It is the largest single Buddhist monastery in the Indian subcontinent and is also known as the Somapura Mahavira, the Great Monastery. It was a renowned intellectual centre from the 7th century until the 17th century. Its layout is perfectly adapted to its religious function. This monastery-city represents a unique artistic achievement which has influenced Buddhist architecture as far away as Cambodia. It was declared a World Heritage Site in 1985 at the 9th session of the 21member international committee. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1x5=5 (a) The Shatgombuj Mosque is a 15th century Islamic imposing/modest/ moderate building. (b) The Shatgombuj Mosque is situated in the central/downtown/remote part of the city, Bagerhat. (c) The Mosque has sixty pillars that give it a/an different/unrivalled/ rivaled quality. (d) Beside World Heritage Site, the mosque is regarded as a beautiful architectural evidence/grave/mausoleum. (e) The monument is expected to be preserved from further nourishment/ripeness/ deterioration. Extra (1) The Shatgombuj Mosque is situated in Paharpur/Dhaka/ Bangladesh. (2) The Shatgombuj was built during the reign of Hun/Sher Shah/Moghul. (3) The seventy-seven curved domes have given it the influence/prominence/rivalry. (4) The Buddhist Vihara is considered as the largest/longest/best single/monastery in the Indian sub-continent. (5) It is the duty of all to beautify /protect/ influence the World Heritage Sites. (6) In Bangladesh there are two/three/four World Heritage Sites. (7) Khan Jahan Ali was the founder of Khulna/ cities/ Bagerhat. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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(8) The Shatgombuj Mosque is just inside/outside/within the city of Bagerhat. (9) The mosque is called the Shatgombuj Mosque though it has sixtysix/seventy/seventy-seven domes. (10)The domes of the mosque are glossy/weather-beaten/tilled. (11)The Shatgombuj Mosque is stated to be epoch-making/ unknown/ordinary. (12)The layout of the Buddhist Vihara is suitable for congregation/mass rally/ social meetings. (13)This Moghul architectural site is meagre/prodigious/ trivial in size. (14)The seventy seven domes that the mosque has are delicately/imperfectly/ poorly carved. (15)The mosque is on the verge/far away/remote of the Sundarbans. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information. 1x5=5 (a) The Shatgombuj Mosque symbolizes British architecture. (b) The Shatgombuj Mosque is a beautiful architectural monument. (c) The 9th session of the World Heritage Committee was held in 1995. (d) The Buddhist Vihara has spread its influence beyond Indian subcontinent. (e) Somapura Mahavira was a renowned intellectual centre from tenth century. Extra (1) Though Bangladesh is a small country, it is important for historic sites. (2) The Shatgombuj Mosque is situated in the Sundarbans. (3) Khan Jahan Ali was the founder of Bagerhat. (4) The beauty of the historical sites does not decay with the passage of time. (5) The Monastery City had no influence. (6) The Shatgombuj Mosque is an Islamic architectural monument. (7) The mosque stands on a small area. (8) Its domes are supported by seventy-seven pillars. (9) The town of Bagerhat was founded by Beger Khan. (10) The Shatgombuj Mosque is a World Heritage Site. (11) The Shatgombuj Mosque has sixty domes. (12) The Shatgombuj Mosque is older than the Buddhist Vihara. (13) The architectural beauty of the Buddhist Vihara influenced foreign architecture. (14) Khan Jahan Ali was the founder of the Shatgombuj Mosque. (15) The Satgombuj Mosque is far away from Bagerhat. (16) The graveyard of Khan Jahan Ali lies at Bagerhat. (17) The decoration of the Buddhist Vihara is perfectly adjusted to its intellectual function. (18) The Sundarbans will be declared as World Heritage Site very soon. (19) The Buddhist Vihara is in a dilapidated condition. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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(20) The Buddhist Vihara is hardly known as Somapura Mahavira. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words. Add any preposition if necessary. 1x5=5 (a) The sixty pillars (support) _______ seventy-seven exquisitely curved domes. (b) The burial of Khan Jahan Ali is (near) ________ the Shatgombuj Mosque. (c) Architectural beauty (to be) _______ great utility. (d) Edifice (charm) ________ visitors well. (e) Visitors (visit) _________World Heritage Sites in Bangladesh. Extra (1) Bangladesh (boast) _______ three world heritage sites. (2) The Shatgombuj Mosque (situate) ________ in the suburbs of Bagerhat. (3) It is an enormous Moghul architectural site that (cover) ________ a very large area. (4) This monastery city (proclaim) _______ a unique artistic achievement. (5) The authority (declare) _________ it a World Heritage Site in 1985. (6) The 7th century saw (found) _________ the Buddhist Vihara. (7) The Shatgombuj Mosque is (locate) ________ in the suburbs of Bagerhat. (8) The World Heritage Sites have (number) _______ three in Bangladesh. (9) The Shatgombuj Mosque is in the (neighbour) ________ the Sundarbans. (10) Being (declare) ________ as World Heritage Site, the mosque will be preserved from further decay. (11) The Shatgombuj Mosque at Bagerhat is (historic) ________ important. (12) Bangladesh is wonderful for her (possess) _____ three World Heirtage Sites. (13) Khan Jahan Ali laid the (found) _______ of Bagerhat. (14) The mosque is (architecture) ________ very unique. (15) The Shatgombuj Mosque (build) ________ by Khan Jahan Ali. 4. (a) Make a list of five things that are related to the World Heritage Sites. 1x5=5 (b) Make five sentences from the table below.

1x5=5

Bangladesh

to preserve a vast area

The Shatgombuj Mosque

largest Vihara in the Indian to preserve the Subcontinent

The authority is determined

has

Somapura Mahavira

included

The 9th session of the World Heritage Site

covers is

the beauty of the architectural monuments many historical sites which have given it prominence 21 members with the passage of time

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Or (c) Match the phrases from Column A with phrases in Column B. There are more phrases in Column B than are necessary. 1x5=5 (a) Shatgombuj Mosque is (i) embodiment of Moghul architecture (b) Shatgombuj Mosque is the (ii) of international community (c) Khan Jahan Ali was the (iii) to prevent its further decay (d) Shatgombuj Mosque has become an asset (iv) culturally and historically important (e) Necessary measures should be taken (v) founder of the city of Bagerhat (vi) from further decay (vii) found nearby

Unit-18, Lesson- 4 Read the passage below and answer the questions 5-8 The Agra Fort, built by Moghul Emperor Shahjahan, is situated next to the gardens of the Taj Mahal. An important Moghul monument of the 17th century, it is a powerful fortress, constructed with red sandstone and hence its name the ‘Red Fort of Agra’. Within its enclosure walls of 2.5 kilometres, it encompasses the imperial city of the Moghul rulers, which comprises fairy-like palaces, such as the Jahangir Palace or the Khas-Mahal and the reception room where visitors were received. Within its boundaries the fortress also has two very beautiful mosques. It was declared a World Heritage Site in 1983 on the recommendations of the International Committee of UNESCO at its 7th session. 5. Write short answers to these questions about the Agra Fort. 1x5=5 (a) Who built the Agra Fort? (b) When was the Agra Fort built? (c) Why is the Agra Fort called Red Fort of Agra? (d) How long are the walls of the Agra Fort? (e) Why was Jahangir Palace built? Extra (1) Where is the Agra Fort situated? (2) What does the Agra Fort encompass? (3) How are the buildings inside the fort? (4) When was the fort declared a World Heritage Site? (5) Who recommended the fort to be a World Heritage Site? 6. Fill in the blanks with suitable word. 1x5=5 Emperor Shahjahan was one of the important (a) ________ who became very (b) ________ for many of his historical constructions. The Agra Fort is (c) ________ of them. He also built Taj Mahal that (d) ________ his deep love for his wife. There is no such (e) ________ on earth like the Taj Mahal built as a monument of love. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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7. Summarise in five sentences about the contributions of Emperor Shahjahan in constructing structures. 1x5=5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow chart showing features of the Agra Fort. (No. 1 has been done for you) 1x5=5

1. 17th century monument

Model Question- 45 PartA: Seen Comprehension ( 4o Marks) Unit-18, Lesson-4 Read the passage below and answer Questions 1—4 The Agra Fort, built by Moghul Emperor Shahjahan, is situated next to the gardens of the Taj Mahal. An important Moghul monument of the 17th century, it is a powerful fortress, constructed with red sandstone and hence its name, the ‘Red Fort of Agra’ Within its enclosure walls of 2.5 kilometres, it encompasses the imperial city of the Moghul rulers, which comprises fairy-like palaces, such as the Jahangir Palace or the Khas-Mahal and the reception room where visitors were received. Within its boundaries the fortress also has two very beautiful mosques. It was declared a World Heritage Site in 1983 on the recommendations of the International Committee of UNESCO at its 7th session. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1x5=5 (a) The Agra Fort is situated near/in/outside Agra. (b) The garden of the Taj Mahal is situated far from/close to/within the Agra Fort, (c) The Agra Fort is also called ‘Red Fort of Agra’ because of construction/description/colour. (d) There is a city/area/wall of 2.5 kilometers of the Agra Fort. (e) The city was meant for ordinary/royal/working people of the Moghul Empire. Extra (1) Some palaces are named after the fairies/Moghul rulers/visitors of the empire. (2) Jahangir Palace was meant for the royal people/visitors/state workers. (3) There are beautiful mosques near/outside/within the enclosure. (4) The sight has been praised by/included in/declared by the World Heritage Site. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information. 1x5=5 (a) The Agra Fort was constructed during the reign of Emperor Jahangir. (b) The Moghul Emperor used red sandstone for the construction of Taj Mahal. (c) The fort area is encompassed by a wall of 2.5 kilometers. (d) The palaces within the fort belong to fairies. (e) The Agra Fort is yet to be included into World Heritage Site. Extra (1) The Agra Fort is constructed on a tomb. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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(2) The “Red Fort of Agra” has been named because of the stones used for construction. (3) The imperial city consists of the palaces where fairies live. (4) There was a special palace of the guests.

3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words. Add any preposition if necessary. 1x5=5 (a) The Agra Fort was (build) _______ during the reign of Emperor Shahjahan. (b) There is an (architect) ________ use of sandstone in the fort. (c) There are 2.5 kilometer walls (encompass) ________ the fort area. (d) Taj Mahal was built to be (use)________ the state guests. (e) On the basis of (recommend)_______UNESCO at its 7th session, the Agra Fort was declared a World Heritage Site. Extra (1) Moghul emperors were very much (power)________. (2) The (construct) ________ the Agra Fort is a Moghul achievement. (3) The Jahangir Palace was built for (receive) ________ guests and visitors. (4) There were (recreation) ________ facilities in the fort. 4. (a) Make a list of five features of the Agra Fort. 1x5=5 Or (b) Make five sentences from the table below. 1x5=5 The Agra Fort

built

The Taj Mahal

was meant

Emperor Shahjahan Jahangir Palace There

are

for people coming to the Emperor as a symbol of love for a woman the Taj Mahal

is was built

a great fortification two beautiful mosques in the fort fairy-like palaces (c) Match the phrases from Column A with the ones in Column B. There are more phrases in Column B than are necessary. 1x5=5 A B (a) In the medieval age (i) same thing for their security (b) They wanted to (ii) a number of forts (c) Jahangir also (iii) kings and emperors constructed (iv) used to construct forts (d) Other Moghul emperors did (v) one of the important monuments of the 17th the (vi) century ensure protection from foreign attacks. (e) The Agra Fort is (vii) various attacks change in his life Unit—18; Lesson—2+3 Read the passage below and answer questions 1—4 Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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Though a small country, Bangladesh has three World Heritage Sites: the historic Shatgombuj Mosque of Bagerhat, the ruins of the Buddhist Vihara at Paharpur and the Sundarbans. The Shatgombuj Mosque is a 15th century Islamic edifice situated in the suburbs of Bagerhat, on the edge of the Sundarbans, some 175 km south-west of Dhaka. It is an enormous Moghul architectural site covering a very large area. The Mosque is unique in that it has sixty pillars, which support seventy-seven exquisitely curved domes that have worn away with the passage of time. The mausoleum of the city’s founder, Khan Jahan Ali can be found nearby. With the declaration of the mosque as a World Heritage Site, it is hoped that this beautiful architectural monument will be preserved from further decay. The Buddhist Vihara at Paharpur, 200 kilometres north-west of Dhaka, was founded in the 7th century. It is the largest single Buddhist monastery in the Indian subcontinent and is also known as the Somapura Mahavira, the Great Monastery. It was a renowned intellectual centre from the 7th century until the 17th century. Its layout is perfectly adapted to its religious function. This monastery-city represents a unique artistic achievement which has influenced Buddhist architecture as far away as Cambodia. It was declared a World Heritage Site in 1985 at the 9th session of the 21member international committee. 5. Write short answers to these questions about the World Heritage Sites in Bangladesh. 1x5=5 (a) How many World Heritage Sites are there in Bangladesh? (b) How many pillars are there in Shatgombuj Mosque? (c) How many domes are there in Shatgombuj Mosque? (d) Besides the Shatgombuj Mosque, is there anything else worth visiting in Bagerhat? (e) What is a monastery? Extra (1) What is the another name of the Buddhist vihara at Paharpur? (2) When was it renowned as an intellectual centre? (3) When was the Buddhaist Vihara at Paharpur founded? (4) Who was the founder of Bagerhat city? (5) Give a short description of the Shatgombuj Mosque? (6) Where is the Shatgombuj Mosque situated? (7) What are the World Heritage Sites of Bangladesh? (8) Who was Khan Jahan All? (9) When was the Shatgombuj Mosque built? (10) In what sense is the mosque unique? (11) What do you know about Khan Jahan Ali? (12) What is the expectation about the mosque? (13) Why was it appropriate to declare the Shatgombuj Mosque a World Heritage Site? (14) What is a mausoleum? Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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(15) What hope has been raised by the declaration of the mosque as a World Heritage Site? (16) Name one of the naturally important World Heritage Sites of Bangladesh. (17) How far is Bagerhat from Dhaka? (18) What is the condition of the domes of the Shatgambuj Mosque? (19) What does the Shatgambuj Mosque symbolize? (20) What is our hope about the mosque? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1x5=5 The Shatgombuj Mosque, a 15th century Islamic edifice (a) _______ in the suburbs of Bagerhat, on the (b) _______ of the Sundarbans. The mosque is unique (c) _____ sixty pillars (d) ______ seventy seven (e) ________curved domes that have worn away with the passage of time. 7. Summarise the historical importance of the World Heritage Sites of Bangladesh in five sentences. 1x5=5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow chart showing the state of the World Heritage Sites in Bangladesh. (No. 1 has been done for you) 1x5=5 1. Three world heritage sites

Model Question- 46 PartA: Seen Comprehension (40 Marks) Unit-18, Lesson-5n (B Read the passage below and answer Questions 1-4: The Iron Bridge across England’s longest river, the Severn, is the world’s first iron bridge. At one time the surrounding area was a remarkable concentration of industrial activity. Today the area under the bridge and on both sides known as the Iron Bridge Gorge, is a World Heritage Site, in recognition of its outstanding importance in the early development of industrialisation. The Iron Bridge was built in 1779 and was opened on New Year’s day in 1781. It is testimony of the first large-scale use of iron for structural purposes in the world and a remarkable demonstration of the utility and versatility of iron for construction. With a span of 30 metres, the graceful semi-circular arch reached across the gorge of the Severn at its narrowest point. The Iron Bridge was not only a singular example of new engineering but also a tremendous success. Its symbolic significance was great, not only in Britain but throughout Europe and the United States. Proper international fame and recognition came with the designation of the Gorge and the bridge as a World Heritage Site in 1986. It is the first industrial area to be listed as a World Heritage Site. Objective (20 Marks) 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1×5=5 (a) The Bridge was also a (dreadful/appalling/incredible) success. (b) Its symbolic significance is (personal/cosmopolitan/singular). Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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(c) The name and fame of the Iron Bridge is (proportionate/ disproportionate/ improved) to its title. (d) The surrounding area of the Bridge was once a remarkable (combination/ devastation/distraction) of industrial activity. (e) The surrounding of the Iron Bridge Gorge is declared as the World Heritage Site in acknowledgement/recollection/recommendation) of its importance. Extra (1) The importance of the bridge is (processed/settled/surpassing). (2) The iron Bridge was built and opened in a (consecutive / following / discontinuous) year. (3) It is the (endorsement/fastening/affirmation) of the first large scale use of iron for structural purpose. (4) It is the remarkable demonstration of the utility and (inflexibility/reflexibility / variability) of iron. (5) The surrounding of the Bridge was a (rustic/meadow/ manufactural) area. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information. 1×5=5 (a) The Iron Bridge in England is the longest bridge. (b) It became a world heritage site because the structure of the bridge is old. (c) Once the surrounding area of the Bridge was famous for urbanization. (d) The importance of the bridge mainly lies in the fact that people could realize various use of Iron. (e) The first area to be listed as a World Heritage Site is the Iron Bridge. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words in the brackets. Add any preposition if necessary. 1×5=5 (a) The bridge (demonstration)--------- the utility of iron. (b) Iron has (versatility)-------- use. (c) The industrial activities were (concentrate)---------- in the area. (d) The concentration of industrial activity gave the place (remarkable)-----------. (e) The area that (surrounding) -------- the Bridge is remarkably known to all. Extra (1) World Heritage committee impose (recognize)----------- on the Bridge. (2) The surrounding played an (importance)--------- role in the development of industrialization. (3) The surrounding area was (industrial)------ important. (4) The bridge (testify)--------- large scale use of iron. (5) The surrounding area was (remarkable)------ known for industrial development. (6) The bridge is (international)------- important. (7) The bridge has become (fame)----- throughout Europe. (8) The bridge is (symbolical)------ important. (9) The bridge (symbol)--------- industrialization. (10) (Structural)--------- the bridge is remarkable. (11) The bridge was (recognition)---------- as a World Heritage Site in 1986. (12) How can we (utility)--------- iron for many purposes? (13) The construction of the Bridge was (tremendous)------ successful. (14) The Bridge is now (international)-------- renowned. (15) No other point of the river is as (narrowest)------- as that of the Bridge’s. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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(16) The (versatility)------- use of Iron is known to all. 4. Make a list of five important points about the Iron Bridge Gorge. 1x5=5 5. Write short answers to these questions. 1x5=5 (a) What kind of material is the bridge made of? (b) When was the Iron Bridge Gorge declared World Heritage Site? (c) Why is Iron Bridge famous? (d) Why has it become a World Heritage Site? (e) Of what testimony does it bear? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1×5=5 This bridge bears the (a) — to the (b) — of iron on large scale for the first time for the purpose of any (c) — in the world. The Bridge is an example of new engineering and tremendous success. The (d) — that the Bridge (e) — was confined not only in Britain but also in Europe and the United States. 7. Summarize the passage in five sentences. 5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes showing the importance of Iron Bridge George. 1×5=5 1. Testimony of first large scale use of iron

Model Question- 47 PartA: Seen Comprehension ( 4o Marks) Unit-20, Lesson-2 Read the passage below and answer Questions 1-4: An efficient banking system, although important for economic growth, is often unable or unwillingly to lend money to the poorer section of society, hence the need for micro finance institutions. Bangladesh has long history of micro credit finance, with internationally acclaimed organizations such as the Grameen Bank providing credit to the poor, particularly rural women. These institutions, in addition to providing credit, emphasis the need to develop skills and raise consciousness among the rural poor. There are about 800 micro finance institutions in the country with a total membership of about 7 million of which 82 per cent are women. The cumulative disbursement made by these institutions since their inception is estimated at Tk. 44 billion, with current loans at Tk. 9.6 billion. It is estimated that they have created employment for about 54,000 people. A recent survey of 1,798 households in Bangladesh indicates that about 45 per cent of eligible households in Bangladesh participate in micro-credit programmes and that about two-thirds of the perticipants are women. The survey found that micro-credit programmes had a positive effect on socio-economic variables, including children's schooling, children's nutrition and family planning. Borrowing by women particularly improved the nutritional status of both male and female children. Consumption by about 5 per cent of programme participants increased to the point that their households rose above the poverty line. These findings about the importance of micro-credit in poverty reduction have been substantainted by other studies both in Bangladesh and in other countries. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1x5 = 5 (a) "Micro-credit programme' means very (small / large / handsome ) credit programme. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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(b) The Grameen Bank (commands/demands/defies) international reputation. (c) The Grameen Bank (removes/alleviates/affords) credit to the poor. (d) Banking system is important for economic growth if it is (incompetent/ competent /proficient) (e) Banks are (enthusiastic/eager/ disinclined) to lend money to the poor section of the society. Extra (1) It is (guessed/decided/calculated) that they have created employment for about 5400 people. (2) According to a (dated/out of date / late) survey it is said that two thirds of the participants are woman. (3) The survey indicates that 45 percent of (worthy/illegible/ignoble) households in Bangladesh participate in micro-credit programmes. (4) Micro-credit programme had a positive effect on socio-economic (changeable/rigid/ established) things or conditions. (5) The importance of micro-credit in poverty reduction have been (refuted/refused/ established) by other studies within Bangladesh and in other countries. (6) These institutions not only emphasise the need to develop skills but also raise (apprehension/oblivion/ consciousness). (7) The Grammeen Bank raises awareness among (urban/illiterate/rustic) poor. (8) The disbursement made by these institutions (increases/decreases/wanes) gradually. (9) The disbursement made by these institutions since their (establishment/running / start) totaled to Tk. 44 billion. 2. True/false? If false, give the correct information: 1x5 = 5 (a) Micro credit has been able to reduce poverty to some extent. (b) The activities of micro-credit is confined in Bangladesh. (c) A skilled banking system contributes to the growth of economy of a country. (d) The poorer section of the society draw loan from micro finance institutions. (e) In case of providing loan the Grameen Bank sanctions loan to urban women. Extra (1) It is nationally substantiated that micro-credit programme reduces poverty. (2) 66% of micro-credit programme participants have broken out of poverty line. (3) An efficient banking system is unwilling to lend money to the impoverished section of the people. (4) The micro-credit institution has created discrimination between the rich and the poor. (5) Micro-credit institutions are needed because banks are inclined to lend money to the poor. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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(6) Grameen Bank contributes to the socio-economic development of the poor class. (7) Micro-credit disbursement made by different institutions is increasing day by day. (8) Micro-credit institutions awaken the conscience of the rural people. (9) Micro-credit institution have got a positive change in reducing malnutrition among children. (10) Women participate in micro-credit programme in a small number. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words in the brackets. Add any prepositions if necessary: 1x5 = 5 (a) The Grameen Bank has earned international (acclaimed) _________ as a micro-credit institution. (b) (Particularly) __________ class of people such as women are provided with loan by Grameen Bank. (c) Banking system requires (efficient) ____________ play an important role for economic growth. (d) Banking system shows (unwillingly) ____________ lend money to the poorer section of the society. (e) Present Banking does not sanction (lend) __________ the poor. Extra (1) The Grameen Bank make the rural people (consciousness) ____________. (2) The Grameen Bank (disbursement) ____________ Tk. 44 billion. (3) Micro credit institutions have earned (internationally) ____________ reputation. (4) Micro credit institutions (emphasis) ____________ on public consciousness. (5) The Grameen Bank (finance) ____________ the rural women. (6) The Grameen Bank is (finance) ____________ very important. (7) Micro credit institutions are important for the (develop) ____________ the poor people. (8) The Grameen Bank (raise) ____________ consciousness among the poor people. (9) The Grameen Bank plays a vital role in (improve) ____________ the nutritional status. (10) The poor are deprived of (nutritional) ____________. (11) The poor cannot eat (nutrition) ____________ food. (12) Micro credit (reduction) ____________ poverty. (13) An efficient banking system has (important) ____________ for economic growth. (14) Banks show (unwillingly) ____________ to lend money to the poor. (15) Micro finance institutions are (need) ____________ to help the poor. (16) An efficient banking system is (economic) ____________ very important. (17) The Grameen Bank (providing) ____________ credit to the poor. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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(18) Basically poor rural women have (participants) ____________ in micro credit loans. (19) An efficient banking system expresses (unable) __________ to lend money to the poor. (20) Micro credit finance is very much (particularly) ____________ regarding giving loans.

4. (a) Make a list of five points about the activities of micro finance institutions.

Or (b) Make sentences from the following substitution table. Micro-credit The micro-credit institutions The need of micro credit The micro credit Micro-credit institutions

1x5=5

morality. play has alleviated poverty to some extent. roles in socio-economic has degraded significant development. in granting loans to the poor rural make women. have unemployment problem of the rural enlightened women. the rural people conscious. lies

has removed the literate. Or (c) From your study of the passage choose the suitable phrases from column B to match the parts of sentence in Column A. 1x5=5 Column A Column B a) Micro credit activities have a) loan to the poor people reduced b) Many rural women have been able b) employment opportunities to change their economic condition c)Of the participants in micro-credit c) poverty to some extent. programmes women d) It has created d) constitute two-thirds e) Micro finance institutions lend e) taking loan from micro-credit institutions Unit 20: Lesson-03 Read the passage below and answer questions 5-8: Ismail Hossain is an affluent man now. Through hard work and devotion, he has managed to turn the wheels of fortune. He was an unemployed youth of an impoverished family from Ekdala village in Natore Sadar thana. Through new knowledge, hard work and perseverance, he has brought prosperity to his family. Ismail Hossain, son of Zohar Ali, studied up to class eight. Poverty then forced him to look for work. He worked as a labourer before he joined the training programme of Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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the Natore Horticulture Centre (NHC) and has remained associated with it since then. The officer-in-charge of NHC said that Ismail seemed to be an enthusiastic and energetic youth during the selection of village under NHC's command area. Ismail first received training in vegetable cultivation. Then he got a lease of land in his village and applied his new and improved knowledge to cultivate vegetables. He earned taka 25,000 as profit that year. In the same way, he made a profit of taka one lakh by cultivating quality cauliflowers the next year. Later, he bought some land and used it entirely to cultivate cauliflowers. He has also been raising hi-breed cows for milk as well as manure. Ismail's lot has changed radically. He said with a satisfactory smile, "I am very happy to be self-sufficient now. I had nothing of my own before, but now I have so much. It has been possible through my hard labour and systemic cultivation. The credit also goes to the NHC of course", he added. The officer-in-charge of NHC said, "I feel very proud of Ismail Hossain. He deserves national level recognition for his outstanding success." 5. Write short answers to these questions. 1x5=5 (a) In which way does affluency come to Ismail Hossain ? (b) What, according to the officer-in-charge of NHC, does Ismail Hossain deserve? (c) What did Ismail Hossain do before joining the training programme of the NHC ?

(d) How did Ismail Hossain make a profit of taka one lakh? (e) Why could not Ismail Hossain continue his study?

6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words: 1x5 = 5 The officer -in -charge (a) ________ him because he found enthusiasm and energy in him. After receiving training in vegetable cultivation, Ismail Hossain got a lease of land and began to cultivate vegetables by (b) _________ his new and improved knowledge. He made a profit of taka 25000 that year. Next year he (c) __________ quality cauliflowers and (d) ________ taka one lakh. Later he bought some land and uses it entirely for cauliflowers cultivation. Ismail brought a drastic change of his lot by hard (e) _________. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences. 1x5 =5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow chart showing what Ismail Hossain did after receiving training in Natore Horticulture centre. 1×5=5 1. Took a lease of land

Model Question- 48 PartA: Seen Comprehension ( 4o Marks) Unit-20, Lesson-3 Read the passage below and answer questions 1-4: Ismail Hossain is an affluent man now. Through hard work and devotion, he has managed to turn the wheels of fortune. He was an unemployed youth of an Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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impoverished family from Ekdala village in Natore Sadar thana. Through new knowledge, hard work and perseverance, he has brought prosperity to his family. Ismail Hossain, son of Zohar Ali, studied up to class eight. Poverty then forced him to look for work. He worked as a labourer before he joined the training programme of the Natore Horticulture Centre (NHC) and has remained associated with it since then. The officer-in-charge of NHC said that Ismail seemed to be an enthusiastic and energetic youth during the selection of village under NHC's command area. Ismail first received training in vegetable cultivation. Then he got a lease of land in his village and applied his new and improved knowledge to cultivate vegetables. He earned taka 25,000 as profit that year. In the same way, he made a profit of taka one lakh by cultivating quality cauliflowers the next year. Later, he bought some land and used it entirely to cultivate cauliflowers. He has also been raising hi-breed cows for milk as well as manure. Ismail's lot has changed radically. He said with a satisfactory smile, "I am very happy to be self-sufficient now. I had nothing of my own before, but now I have so much. It has been possible through my hard labour and systemic cultivation. The credit also goes to the NHC of course", he added. The officer-in-charge of NHC said, "I feel very proud of Ismail Hossain. He deserves national level recognition for his outstanding success." 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence: 1x5 =5 (a) Poverty (compelled/dispelled/curtailed) him to look for work. (b) Ismail's lot has changed (slowly/drastically/presently). (c) Ismail Hossain is (well- to -do /insolvent /destitute) now. (d) Through (dilligence/elegance/defiance) he has changed his fortune. (e) He has brought (riches/adversity/diversity) to his family by dint of hard work. Extra (1) Ismail applied his (advanced/backward/ current) knowledge in vegetable cultivation. (2) The officer-in-charge of NHC (boasts/talks/derides) of Ismail. (3) Ismail is (self reliant/self centered/ self abnigated) now. (4) Ismail was found to be very (zealous/ apathetic/ lethergic). (5) Once Ismail belonged to a (well-off/bankrupt/ impecunious) family. (6) Ismail had (lethargy/vigour/inertia). (7) Ismail (employed/abused/deployed) his improved knowledge in vegetable cultivation. 2. True/false? If false, give the correct information: 1x5 = 5 (a) Ismail Hossain could not receive higher education, (b) At first he cultivated vegetables in his own land. (c) Ismail has a diary farm. (d) Before joining Natore Horticulture Centre Ismail Hossain was a well-to-do man. (e) By working hard he has improved his economic condition. Extra Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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(1) Ismail started vegetable cultivation on his own land (2) He made more profit by cultivating cauliflowers. (3) To the officer-in-charge of NHC Ismail Hossain seemed to be lethargic. (4) After receiving training and applying it Ismail Hossain has been able to see better days in his life. (5) The officer-in-charge of NHC feels jealous of Ismail's success. (6) After leaving school Ismail became a trainee. (7) Ismail left school on his own accord. (8) Ismail left school for earning his livelihood. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words in the brackets. Add any prepositions if necessary: 1 x5 = 5 (a) He has changed his fortune by (work) _________ hard. (b) Once Ismail Hossain suffered from (unemployed) ____ (c) Ismail Hossain is hard (work) __________. (d) Ismail Hossain has (affluent) _________ now. (e) He (devote) _________ himself to hard work. Extra (1) Now Ismail has mental (satisfactory)___________. (2) He enjoys (happy) _________. (3) Ismail Hossain has now (self sufficient) __________. (4) Ismail (cultivate) _________ methodically. (5) Through (systematically) ________ cultivation Ismail has earned money. (6) The entire land was used by him for (cultivation) __________cauliflowers. (7) Ismail (labour) _________ hard to change his lot. (8) The officer-in-charge takes (proud) ________ Ismail's success. (9) Ismail Hossain is (perseverance)_________. (10) He has (prosper) _________ life. (11) He could not continue his (study)_________. (12) Ismail Hossain was full of (enthusiastic)__________. (13) He had also (energetic) _________. (14) The officer-in-charge (select) _________ him. (15) Ismail Hossain (cultivate) _________ quality cauliflowers. (16) His hard work brought (radically) _________ changes of his lot. 4. (a) Make a list of five qualities of Ismail Hossain. 1x5=5 (b) Make sentences from the following substitution table. 1x5=5 Ismail Hossain

stuck

Ismail Hossain Ismail Hossain

has raised has prospered

Ismail Hossain perseverance. for poverty. to his education.

for

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his

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The officer- in- charge Ismail's education

clung happy to be self-reliant. was postponed to his decision. feels by means of hard labour. praises a diary farm. (c) From your study of the passage choose the suitable phrases from column B to match the parts of sentence in Column A. 1x5=5 Column A Column B a) NHC played vital role a) a prosperous life. b) Poverty stood in the way of Ismail's b) in Ismail's success. c) Ismail Hossain drew the attention of c) by hard work. d)Ismail Hossain has changed his d) the officer of NHC. economic condition e) Now Ismail Hossain leads e) getting educated. Unit-20 Lesson-02 Read the passage below and answer questions 5-8: An efficient banking system, although important for economic growth, is often unable or unwilling to lend money to the poorer section of society, hence the need for micro finance institutions. Bangladesh has a long history of micro credit finance, with internationally acclaimed organizations such as the Grameen Bank providing credit to the poor, particularly rural women. These institutions, in addition to providing credit, emphasise the need to develop skills and raise consciousness among the rural poor. There are about 800 micro finance institutions in the country with a total membership of about 7 million of which 82 per cent are women. The cumulative disbursement made by these institutions since their inception is estimated at Tk. 44 billion, with current loans at Tk. 9.6 billion. It is estimated that they have created employment for about 54,000 people. A recent survey of 1,798 households in Bangladesh indicates that about 45 per cent of eligible households in Bangladesh participate in micro-credit programmes and that about two-thirds of the participants are women. The survey found that micro-credit programmes had a positive effect on socio-economic variables, including children's schooling, children's nutrition and family planning. Borrowing by women particularly improved the nutritional status of both male and female children. Consumption by about 5 per cent of programme participants increased to the point that their households rose above the poverty line. These findings about the importance of micro-credit in poverty reduction have been substantiated by other studies both in Bangladesh and in other countries. 5. Write short answers to these questions. 1x5 = 5 (a) How many people are employed in these institutions? (b) What is the effect of the micro-credit programmes? (c) How many micro-finance institutions are there in Bangladesh? (d) What is the function of Grameen Bank? (e) Why are micro finance institutions needed in Bangladesh? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words: 1x5 = 5 Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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The micro-credit institutions have been working for long with (a) ___________ acclaim in case of (b) _______ loans. The micro-credit institutions put (c) __________ on the (d) __________of funds and making the rural people (e) __________ 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences. 1x5=5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow chart showing the activities of micro-credit finance. 1x5 = 5 1. Providing loan to the rural poor

Model Question- 49 PartA: Seen Comprehension ( 4o Marks) Unit-20, Lesson- 4 Read the passage below and answer questions 1-4: When you are crossing the road and your vehicle gets stuck in a seemingly neverending jam in Dhaka city, every few minutes a boy or girl comes to you and tries to sell a bunch of rose or rajanigandha saying "Bhaiya or Apa (depending on your gender) Ei Koita Ful Niya Jan (please buy these flowers".) They do not tire and will pursue you relentlessly, at least as long as the jam lasts. If you are alone they will say that you must take the flowers for their bhabis-meaning your girlfriend or wife. You often get annoyed at their ways and shout at them. It has very little effect and often you are forced to accept their demand and console yourself by thinking that it was after all a good bargain. However, how they manage to sell the flowers at such a cheap price really bewilders you. And they are not very forthcoming with their answers, if you ask them. These kids are seen in some particular spots of the city. The Sheraton and the Panthapath Road of Dhaka city are two such places. Invariably, you may find an interesting character or two among them. There is this guy who is something of a sardar among the flower peddlers at Kawranbazar. He is perhaps the smallest of the bunch but he rules his disciplines with an iron hand. However, whenever I see one of these kids I can't but-call me an emotional fool if you may-think that it is not their love of flowers that make them do what they are doing. It is all -consuming poverty which is the reason. We all know that instead of being in the streets they should be in school. Their means of livelihood is in itself an irony. It is a satire on those of us who shout at the top of their voice for the rights of children. It makes us think of the realities of our society which force these kids to wage an endless struggle against all odds to keep their heads above water. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1x5 =5 (a) Their pursuit is (submissive/relevant/incessant). (b) You may get (exasperated/anomalous/delighted) at their ways and shout at them. (c) Our vehicle often gets stuck in (apparently/indifferently/ really) never-ending jam in Dhaka city. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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(d) The flower seller kids do not (exhilarate/refresh/ exhaust) by requesting the passengers. (e) They will (chase/desert/isolate) you tirelessly. Extra (1) It is not their love of flower but their all (devouring/ favouring/ neighbouring) poverty that make them do what they are doing. (2) Their means of livelihood is in itself a/an (mockery/ ambiguity/ uncertainty). (3) It is the realities of our society that force these kids to (conduct/leave/shake) such endless struggle. (4) They had to struggle against all (abnormalities/ normalities/ regularities) to keep their heads above water. (5) You can (agitate/soothe/amalgamate) yourself by thinking that it was, after all a good bargain. (6) They sell the flowers at a/an (alluring/captivating/ baffling) cheap price. (7) If they are asked about the price, they are not very (reserved/reversed/ approaching). (8) The flower seller kids are found in some (general/ usual/ distinct) spot of the city. (9) (Always/never/sometimes) you may find an interesting character or two among the street urchin flower sellers. 2. True/false? If false, give the correct information. 1x5 = 5 (a) They sell their flowers at a high price. (b) They persue to buy their flowers. (c) A poor boy or a girl sells flowers everywhere in Dhaka city. (d) The poor boy or the poor girl sells flowers for money. (e) They do not grow tired. Extra (1) The kids are prompt at answering the question of the buyers. (2) It is their fate that has forced them to do what they are doing. (3) They are always controlled by a sardar. (4) Their struggle is for the time being. (5) The shout of the passengers in the vehicles embarrasses the kids. (6) The passengers buy flower from the kids being influenced. (7) When the writer sees a boy or girl selling flowers his hearts aches for them. (8) The sardar looks after them. (9) The real picture is an irony of the voice for the right of children. (10) They sell flower to both pedestrians and passengers in vehicles. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words in brackets. Add any prepositions if necessary: 1x5 = 5 (a) (Emotional) _______ the writer has become a fool. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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(b) They are bound to do what they are doing because they are (poverty)________. (c) It (seemingly) _________ that the jam will never end. (d) They do not tire at the relentless (pursue)________. (e) It is their (forced) _______ not your love for flowers that makes you buy flowers. Extra (1) Sometimes the speaker works (emotional) ________ . (2) They do not (demand) __________ much price for their flowers. (3) The cheap price of the flowers acts as a (console) __________the stuck up passengers. (4) Sometimes they (force) __________ passengers to buy flowers. (5) The struggle of the kids does not (end) __________. (6) Their effort to sell flowers does not come to an (end) __________. (7) Poverty has (consuming) __________ the poor kids. (8) The speaker (satire) __________ those who voice for the rights of the poor kids. (9) They do not grow (tire) __________. (10) They have no (tired) __________. (11) They make (relentlessly) __________ pursue. (12) Their behavior (annoyed) __________ you. (13) One's (shout) _______ has no effect on them. 4. (a) Make a list of five activities of the flower peddlers. 1x5 = 5 Or (b) Make sentences from the following substitution table. 1x5 = 5 The kids The kids The speaker

cannot move pursue influence holds

The writer feels The shouts of the passengers sell shows

no consideration, the hearts of the people. flowers to support themselves. a sympathetic attitude towards the kids. the flower peddlers little. pity for the flower peddlers. until a passenger buys flowers from them.

Unit -21: Lesson-02 Read the passage below and answer questions 5-8 : Capitalism developed in the European countries as a result of their 'laissez-faire' (hands off) policy. The idea of global trade which was inherent in capitalism has now become universalised. Taking advantage of globalisation, capitalism seems to be on a triumphant march. We see that globalisation is creating more opportunities for capitalist countries than for developing countries. In the name of help and coCambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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operation, the industrially developed capitalist countries are exploiting the poorer countries by using their cheap labour. The global strategy of development promises greater employment opportunities to the people of poor countries but at the same time it also promises high returns to capital. This actually paves the way for a lasting poverty so that the capitalists can continue to have a pool of cheap labour to draw from.The exploited and impoverished workers of the developing countries are no match for a globalising powerful capitalism. As a result, the gap between wealth and poverty is ever widening. Globalisation has put the people of the world on the ' same vessel but in different cabins. Only a trifling minority are travelling in luxurious cabins furnished with all modern amenities. They have access to nutritious food, pure drinking water, sophisticated medicare and a life of luxury. But the overwhelming majority are travelling in the third class decks and are suffering from hunger and disease. Globalisation can bring happiness to everyone only when all passengers of the ship can travel in the same class of cabins in conditions of solidarity equity and justice. But will the capitalists ever allow this to happen? 5. Write short answers to these questions. 1x5 = 5 (a) How can globalisation help poor nations? (b) How do rich countries exploit poor countries? (c) Who are the trifling minority and the overwhelming majority mentioned in the passage? (d) How does globalisation help capitalism? (e) What is your opinion about the concluding sentence of the passage? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words: 1x5 = 5 The global strategy of development makes (a) _______ of opportunities for (b) _______ for the (c) _______ of the poor countries. But at the same time it also promises high returns to capital. The workers of the developing countries who are victim to (d) __________ can not (e) __________ with (f) __________ . 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences.

1x5 = 5

8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow chart showing the motives of capitalist countries. 1x5 = 5 1. Exploiting cheap labour of poor countries

Model Question- 50 PartA: Seen Comprehension ( 4o Marks) Unit-21, Lesson-2 Read the passage below and answer questions 1-4 : Capitalism developed in the European countries as a result of their 'laissez-faire' (hands off) policy. The idea of global trade which was inherent in capitalism has now Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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become universalised. Taking advantage of globalisation, capitalism seems to be on a triumphant march. We see that globalisation is creating more opportunities for capitalist countries than for developing countries. In the name of help and cooperation, the industrially developed capitalist countries are exploiting the poorer countries by using their cheap labour. The global strategy of development promises greater employment opportunities to the people of poor countries but at the same time it also promises high returns to capital. This actually paves the way for a lasting poverty so that the capitalists can continue to have a pool of cheap labour to draw from.The exploited and impoverished workers of the developing countries are no match for a globalising powerful capitalism. As a result, the gap between wealth and poverty is ever widening. Globalisation has put the people of the world on the same vessel but in different cabins. Only a trifling minority are travelling in luxurious cabins furnished with all modern amenities. They have access to nutritious food, pure drinking water, sophisticated medicare and a life of luxury. But the overwhelming majority are travelling in the third class decks and are suffering from hunger and disease. Globalisation can bring happiness to everyone only when all passengers of the ship can travel in the same class of cabins in conditions of solidarity, equity and justice. But will the capitalists ever allow this to happen? 1. Choose the right word to complete the sentences. 1x5 = 5 (a) The idea of globalization was (intrinsic/clear/ comprehensive) in capitalism. (b) Taking advantage of globalization, capitalism seems to be on a (jubilant/humble/ trial) inarch. (c) Globalization is creating more (convenience/ inconvenience/awkward) for capitalist countries. (d) On the other hand, globalisation is a (chance/ discomfort/facility) for the developing countries. (e) In the name of help and co-operation, the industrially developed capitalist countries are (manipulating/ organizing/controlling) the poorer countries. Extra (1) In the poorer countries labour is very (dear/pricy/ cheap). (2) The global strategy of development (pledges/ discourages/lacks) greater employment opportunity for the poorer countries. (3) Because of globalization poverty will (cease/fade/ persist) for/in a long time. (4) If poverty lasts longer, capitalist will continue to draw a (massive/diminutive/ shrunk) amount of cheap labour from poorer countries. (5) The gap between the rich and the poor countries is (widening/shrinking/ contracting). (6) Globalization can bring happiness only when all the people of the world will be provided with (discord/ behism/ stability) equity and justice. (7) The workers of the developing countries are (enriched /waged/ deprived) 2. True/false? If false, give the correct information: 1x5=5 (a) Globalization is the result of capitalism. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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(b) Globalization has removed difference between the developed and undeveloped countries. (c) The capitalist countries enjoy more opportunities for globalization. (d) The capitalist countries are exploiting the poorer countries. (e) The capitalist countries draw high returns through the global strategy of development promises. Extra (1) Both capitalism and Globlization have originated from the same idea. (2) Globalization is exploiting the poorer people instead of ensuring them financial solvency. (3) Globalization promises two different things to two different classes of people. (4) Capitalism is the result of globalisation. (5) Very small number of people enjoy modern amenities of life. (6) Peace and prosperity pervade almost all the parts of the world. (7) Globalization can bring happiness for all only when all the people will board on the same ship. (8) Globalization has mitigated the gap between wealth and poverty. (9) Globalization provides advantage to the poorer countries. (10) The people of developed countries are provided with all modern amenities. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words in brackets. Add any prepositions if necessary: 1x5 = 5 (a) The dual promise of globalization is the (pave) ___________lasting poverty, (b) The (furnish) ___________ the cabin are luxurious. (c) Capitalism developed in (European) ___________. (d) Globalization finds its (inherent) ___________ capitalism. (e) Capitalism (wide) ___________ the gap between the rich and the poor. Extra (1) The people of developed countries live in (luxurious) _________ . (2) The poor people are the (suffering) ___________ hunger and disease. (3) The developed countries draw labour from (develop) ___________countries. (4) The exploitation of the poor is a (continue) _________ process. (5) The industrially developed countries (cooperate) ______ the poorer countries. (6) The poverty created by capitalism and globalisation (lasting) _________ long. (7) The workers of the developing countries do not (match) ___________a globalizing powerful capitalism. (8) We find the (develop) ___________of capitalism in the European countries, (9) The poor countries are (exploit) ___________ by the advanced countries, (10) Everyone can live (happy) ___________ when there will be no difference between the poor and the rich. (11) The poor cannot (travelling) ___________ in the luxurious cabins. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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(12) The developed countries stand on an (advantage) ___________ position. (13) The poor countries are victim of (exploit) __________. (14) The developed countries hold (promise) _________ the poor country. (15) Globalisation has paved the way for (Industrially) ___________ development. (16) There is (different) ___________ between the cabins of a vessel. (17) The poor labourers (use) ___________by capitalist countries. (18) The gap between poverty and wealth is as (widening) ___________as never to end. (19) Only a trifling minority are travelling in the cabin of (luxurious) ___________. 4. (a) Make a list of five activities of capitalism. 1x5=5 (b) Make sentences from the following substitution table. The capitalist countries Globalisation Globalisation Hunger and disease

pervade

1x5=5

all over the world.

enjoy persists ignore use

almost all the parts of the world. more opportunities for globalization. the labour from poor countries. many things of life. The capitalist employment opportunities for the poor has broadened countries. countries has created the gap between wealth and poverty. (d) From your study of the passage choose the suitable phrases from column B to match the parts of sentence in Column A. 1x5=5 Column A Column B a) Globalisation brings happiness a) is globalization. b) The reason of triumphant march of b) for capitalist countries. capitalism c) Globalisation creates more c) is the development of capitalism opportunities d) Globalisation and advancement d) through the maintenance of solidarity of capitalism equity and justice e) The result of the "Laisse faire" e) are the causes of the gap between wealth and poverty Unit-20: Lesson-04 Read the passage below and answer questions 5-8: When you are crossing the road and your vehicle gets stuck in a seemingly neverending jam in Dhaka city, every few minutes a boy or girl comes to you and tries to sell a bunch of rose or rajanigandha saying "Bhaiya or Apa (depending on your gender) Ei Koita FuJ Ntya Jan (please buy these flowers".) They do not tire and will Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

210

Model Questions

pursue you relentlessly, at least as long as the jam lasts. If you are alone they will say that you must take the flowers for their bhabis–meaning your girlfriend or wife. You often get annoyed at their ways and shout at them. It has very little effect and often you are forced to accept their demand and console yourself by thinking that it was after all a good bargain. However, how they manage to sell the flowers at such a cheap price really bewilders you. And they are not very forthcoming with their answers, if you ask them. These kids are seen in some particular spots of the city. The Sheraton and the Panthapath Road of Dhaka city are two such places. Invariably, you may find an interesting character or two among them. There is this guy who is something of a sardar among the flower peddlers at Kawranbazar. He is perhaps the smallest of the bunch but he rules his disciplines with an iron hand. However, whenever I see one of these kids I can't but call me an emotional fool if you may-think that it is not their love of flowers that make them do what they are doing. It is all -consuming poverty which is the reason. We all know that instead of being in the streets they should be in school. Their means of livelihood is in itself an irony. It is a satire on those of us who shout at the top of their voice for the rights of children. It makes us think of the realities of our society which force these kids to wage an endless struggle against all odds to keep their heads above water. 5. Write short answers to these questions. 1x5 = 5 (a) What would you call the profession mentioned in the text? (b) What do they do when vehicles get stuck in a traffic jam? (c) How does the sardar control the flower peddlers? (d) What compels the boys and girls to sell flower? (e) Where do the small boys and girls sell flowers? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words: 1x5 = 5 Their behaviour (a)__________ the passengers and so they shout at them. The (b) __________ of the passengers do not affect them at all and as a result the passenger cannot but buy flowers from them and find (c) __________ thinking that they have bought the flowers at a cheap price which is a (d) __________ to them. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences. 1x5 = 5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow chart showing the activities of flower peddlers. 1x5 = 5 1. To come close to vehicles in jam

Model Question- 51 PartA: Seen Comprehension (40 Marks) Unit-21, Lesson-3n (B Read the passage below and answer Questions 1-4: Globalisation is now largely based on a strong technological foundation.The electronic transfer of Information via the internet has now created an instantaneous Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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and interconnected world of information resulting in a 24 hour trading network. This technology has largely changed banking and financial activities. Worldwide money transfer and transaction of businesses have now become a matter of clicking the mouse of a computer. Five out of every six dollars that move in the world economy today travel through the electronic medium. Some products like software and TV programmes are also amenable to digital or electronic transmission. We can now buy and sell goods through the electronic screen. Computers have thus brought about a revolutionary change in today’s world. Gobalisation is now only what technology makes possible. Objective (20 Marks) 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1×5=5 (a) Globalisation is now largely based on mechanical foundation/electrical foundation / technological foundation. (b) The modern information technology has greatly changed scientific activities / educational activities/banking and financial activities. (c) The world economy today travels through the mailing/electronic medium / booklets. (d) Television/Computer/Telephone has thus brought about a revolutionary change in today’s world. (e) Globalization is now possible only for scientific development/technological progress / communication advancement. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information. 1×5=5 (a) Globalisatlon is a process to expand trade and commerce all over the world. (b) The modern information seldom leaves any impact on banking and financial activities. (c) Worldwide money transfer has now become very easy. (d) The world economy today travels very rapidly. (e) We can now buy and sell goods through the electronic screen. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words in the brackets. Add any preposition if necessary. 1×5=5 (a) The electronic transfer of information (result)______ in a 24-hour trading network. (b) It has (have)_______ a far reaching effect on modern life. (c) Now worldwide transaction of business (be) ____ a very easy matter. (d) TV programmes (be)____ also amenable to digital or electronic transmission. (e)A revolutionary change in today’s world (bring)_____about by computer. 4. Make a list of five things from the above passage based on modern technology and globalisation. 1×5=5 5. Write short answers to the following questions. 1×5=5 (a) What can we do through electronic screen? (b) What is globalisation based on? (c) What has brought a great change in banking and financial activities? (d) How can goods be bought and sold now-a-days? (e) What travels through the electronic medium? Extra (1) What has lent speed to the process of globalisation? (2) What has brought about a revolutionary change? Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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Model Questions

(3) How has technology accelerated the process of globalisation? (4) How has IT contributed to banking and financial system? (5) At what rate is the electronic medium used in international financial transaction? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1×5=5 Strong technological foundation is (a) — for globalisation. It has brought a great change in the (b) — of banking and financial activities by keeping all the (c) — data in the computer. Now-a-days most of the dollar (d) — is being done through electrons medium. Even this media is (e) — to buy and sell goods. 7. Summarize the passage in five sentences. 5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes showing activities being done through electronic media. 1×5=5 1. Based on a strong technological foundations

Model Question- 52 PartA: Seen Comprehension ( 4o Marks) Unit-21, Lesson-4 Read the passage below and answer questions 1-4 : Sports are a popular form of entertainment. Many international sporting events are organized from time to time. Most of these events are sponsored by multinational manufacturing companies and business firms. They pay for the sports events in exchange for the right to advertise their products during those events. These events are telecast worldwide by satellite and people all over the world watch them live. As a result, the sponsor's products receive maximum media coverage thus giving companies international recognition. This is only the commercial aspect of international sport but there are other aspects too. The sports venue becomes a meeting place of people from different countries. When people of different nations get together on the occasion of an international sporting event, they come closer to each other, sharing views, opinions and friendship. This opportunity creates a sense of brotherhood and a spirit of mutual co-operation among them. Moreover, getting acquainted with different cultures helps to break down prejudice and broaden outlook. If globalisation has anything to do with the development of international relationship, then sports can certainly contribute in a big way to this. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence: 1x5 = 5 (a) Their payment is (reciprocated/recognized/ manufactured) by the advertisement of their products. (b) These sports are telecast (universally/provincially/ spiritually) by satellite. (c) Sports are a (peculiar/exclusive/fashionable) form of entertainment. (d) Most of the sports are (patronized/deliberated/planned) by multinational companies. (e) Sport are considered to be (boredom/amusement/ tiring). Extra Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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(1) Getting (revealed/concealed/exchanged) with others helps to break down prejudice, (2) What does 'prejudice' mean? (bigotry/tolerance/ benefit). (3) People all over the world watch the sports (vivid/apathetic/ceased). (4) The sponsor’s products receive maximum media coverage giving the companies international (recollection/ recommendation / identification). (5) The opportunity of getting together creates (awareness/numbers/frustration) of brotherhood, 2. True/false? If false, give the correct information: 1x5 = 5 (a) Sports give people pleasure. (b) Multinational manufacturing companies and business firms sponsor international sporting events without any aim. (c) Sports contribute to globalization. (d) The products of the multinational manufacturing companies and business firms cannot draw the attention of the consumers. (e) Globalization helps develop international relationship. Extra (1) Multinational Manufacturing companies and business firms sponsor sports to get reputation. (2) The international sporting events widen friendship among the people of different nations. (3) The products receive maximum media coverage by means of sports. (4) International sports have at least two aspects. (5) Familiarity draws people closer. (6) International sporting events are organized with intervals. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words in brackets. Add any preposition if necessary: 1x5 = 5 (a) The (acquainted) __________ with different cultures helps to break down prejudice. (b) Sports have (contribute) _________ attitude to globalization. (c) People are (popular) __________ entertained with sports. (d) There are lots of international sporting (organized) __________. (e) The (advertise) __________ gives the companies international recognition. Extra (1) People from different countries (meeting) __________the sports venue. (2) International sport events have (contribute) __________ universal brotherhood. (3) People develop (acquainted) _________ with different culture. (4) International sports (development) __________ international relationship. (5) Sports have earned (popular) __________ as a source of entertainment. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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Model Questions

(6) Today people (entertainment) __________ through sports, (7) Sports are highly (entertainment) __________. (8) Many sport events are held (international) _________. (9) Multinational manufacturing countries (sponsorship) __________ most of these events. (10) International sport events make our outlook (broaden) __________. (11) Multinational companies pay for the (advertise) __________ their products. (12) Multinational business firms (products) __________ various goods. (13) Satellite channels (telecast) __________ the international sport events, 4. (a) Make a list of five positive aspects of international sports. 1x5 = 5 (b) Make five sentences from the table below. 1x5 = 5 Sports spread friendship they pay for it. Multinational companies sponsor we cannot ignore its commercial sports aspect. Advertisements are telecast by TV help to break down prejudices. channels and Sports can create universal we are lagging behind it. brotherhood but Sports have become a popular the viewers watch it. form of entertainment can earn more. (c) Match the phrases from Column A with the ones in Column B. There are more phrases in Column B than are necessary. 1x5 = 5 (a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

A Friendship between countries Sports give us pleasure People all over the world Advertisements give international recognition People from different countries unite together

(i) and entertainment. (ii) to watch games. (iii) watch the sporting events. (iv) to the companies. (v) can be enhanced. (vi) for delights. (vii) are telecast worldwide.

Unit-21: Lesson- 1 Read the passage below and answer questions 5-8: 'Globalisation' has become a buzzword in the new era of international relations. Basically, it is a process of expanding trade and commerce all over the world by creating a borderless market. But it has had a far-reaching effect on many aspects of life. With the development of hi-tech communication media and rapid transportation facilities, the world has come closer. We can now learn in an instant what is happening in the farthest corner of the world and travel to any country in the shortest possible time. Countries of the world are like families in a village, they can even Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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share their joys and sorrows like the next-door neighbours. If one country is in distress, others can immediately come to its assistance. If we could build up an atmosphere of mutual understanding and co-operation through this globalistion process, our world could certainly be a better place to live in. 5. Write short answers to these questions. 1x5 = 5 (a) What do you mean by borderless market? (b) How has the world come closer? (c) How can we learn in an instant the happenings of other countries? (d) What happens when one country falls in distress? (e) What does globalisation mean? 6. Fill in the blanks with suitable words from the text. 1x5=5 Now the world has come (a)___________ because of the advancement of hi-tech communication media. Now it is (b) _________ to learn in an instant what is happening in the distant (c) _________ of the world. We are now living as (d) ___________ in a family. Globalisation has (e) ___________ a new era among different nations. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences. 1x5=5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow chart showing the usefulness of globalization. 1x5 = 5 1. Expansion of trade and commerce

Model Question- 53 PartA: Seen Comprehension (4o Marks) Unit-21, Lesson-1 Read the passage below and answer questions 1-4: 'Globalisation' has become a buzzword in the new era of international relations. Basically, it is a process of expanding trade and commerce all over the world by creating a borderless market. But it has had a far-reaching effect on many aspects of life. With the development of hi-tech communication media and rapid transportation facilities, the world has come closer. We can now learn in an instant what is happening in the farthest corner of the world and travel to any country in the shortest possible time. Countries of the world are like families in a village, they can even share their joys and sorrows like the next-door neighbours. If one country is in distress, others can immediately come to its assistance. If we could build up an atmosphere of mutual understanding and co-operation through this globalisation process, our world could certainly be a better place to live in. 1. Choose the best answer from the alternatives. 1x5=5 (a) Globalisation aims at removing/ creating/ diminishing a borderless market in the world. (b) The world has come closer and has become a big/small/global populated village. (c) Globalisation has influenced our life very slightly /easily /widely. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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Model Questions

(d) Now a country in distress can immediately be attacked /advised /helped by others. (e) It is very important/ easy/difficult to know what is happening in other parts of the world. 2. True/false? If false, give the correct information. 1x5=5 (a) Globalisation aims at creating a borderless market in the world. (b) The world has come closer and has become a small populated village. (c) Now we can know at once what is happening in the remotest parts of the world. (d) 'Globalisation' has not become a fashionable word. (e) Globalisation is a process of expanding trade and commerce all over the world. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of words in brackets. Add any preposition if necessary. 1x5=5 (a) Globalisation is a process of (expand) __________ trade and commerce all over the world. (b) Any country can (reach) ____________ anywhere in the shortest possible time. (c) Due to the development of hi-tech communication media we can now know at once what (happen)_______ in the remotest parts of the world. (d) Other countries can immediately come to the (assist) _______ of a country in disaster. (e) If it (be) __________ possible to build up an atmosphere of mutual understanding and co-operation, the world would be a better place to live in. 4. (a) Make a list of five opportunities created by globalisation. 1×5=5 (b) Make five sentences from the table below. 1×5=5 We bring happiness. is It a blessing for the developed countries. would not living in a high technological world. Globalisation are Without mutual most talked topic. to learn understanding has created globalisation now It is very easy a lot of facilities for the capitalists. what is happening in the farthest corner of the globe. (c) Match the phrases from Column A with the ones in Column B. There are more phrases in Column B than are necessary. 1×5=5 A

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(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

People now can share We should develop Modern transportation facilities The news of the remote areas Globalisation has linked

217

(i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v)

ensure easy traveling. their joys and sorrows easily. can be learnt immediately. market with one another. an atmosphere of mutual understanding. through globalisation process. (vi) the countries of the world with the. help of information technology. (vii) like hostile opponents.

Unit-21: Lesson-04 Read the passage below and answer questions 5-8: Sports are a popular form of entertainment. Many international sporting events are organized from time to time. Most of these events are sponsored by multinational manufacturing companies and business firms. They pay for the sports events in exchange for the right to advertise their products during those events. These events are telecast worldwide by satellite and people all over the world watch them live. As a result, the sponsor's products receive maximum media coverage thus giving companies international recognition. This is only the commercial aspect of international sport but there are other aspects too. The sports venue becomes a meeting place of people from different countries. When people of different nations get together on the occasion of an international sporting event, they come closer to each other, sharing views, opinions and friendship. This opportunity creates a sense of brotherhood and a spirit of mutual co-operation among them. Moreover, getting acquainted with different cultures helps to break down prejudice and broaden outlook. If globalization has anything to do with the development of international relationship, then sports can certainly contribute in a big way to this. 5. Write short answers to these questions. 1x5 = 5 (a) How are sports related to globalization in the passage? (b) What do you understand by 'media coverage'? (c) How can sports promote universal brotherhood? (d) Who sponsors global sports and why? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words: 1x5 = 5 People all over the world watch these events live (a) _________ by satellite. As a result, the (b) __________ of the sponsors (c) ________ maximum media coverage and thus the companies become (d) __________ recognized. Like globalization international sporting events also (e) __________ to universal brotherhood. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences. 1x5=5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow chart showing the effects of sports. 1x5 = 5 1. Becoming a meeting place of people

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Model Question- 54 PartA: Seen Comprehension ( 4o Marks) Unit-21, Lesson-5 Read the passage below and answer Questions 1-4: Although globalisation is mainly connected with business, trade and international relations, it is no longer viewed from that perspective alone. The tide of globalisation is now encroaching into other spheres too. Satellite television channels and the internet are bringing all sorts of different customs and behaviour into our homes. Under the influence of globalisaiton, global cultures are steadily getting integrated with local cultures. Different cultures are constantly interacting. As an independent nation, we have our own traditional social values, beliefs and attitudes. But in the globalising process, many foreign customs and beliefs are intruding on them. This is having a profound impact on our young generation in particular. The intrusion of foreign culture is seen by many as a threat to our national cultural identity. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence: 1x5 = 5 (a) Global culture bears influence/pressure/bar on our young generation. (b) Globalisation is primely/secondarily/only connected with business trade and international relation. (c) Our local culture is fusing with foreign culture rapidly/gradually/constantly. (d) We are avoiding/leaving/getting acquainted with all sorts of different customs and behaviour through globalisation. (e) Under the influence of globalisation, global cultures are disintegrating/fusing with/degrading local culture. 2. True/false? If false, give the correct Information: 1 x5 = 5 (a) Cultural intrusion bears no effect on the culture of a country. (b) For the intrusion of foreign culture we are going to lose our own culture. (c) Globalisation is mainly related to music, (d) Globalisation is helping one culture to mix with other cultures. (e) Bangladesh has no traditional culture. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words in brackets. Add any prepositions if necessary: 1x5=5 (a) There is (different) ___________ between our culture and foreign culture. (b) (Tradition) ___________ ours is an age old culture. (c) Globalisation has (connect) ___________ business, trade and international relation, (d) There is constant (interacting) ___________ different culture. (e) The (encroach) ___________ foreign culture is a threat to our culture. 4. (a) Make a list of five merits and demerits of globalization.

1x5=5

(b) Make five sentences from the table below.

1x5=5

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In the present world no nation Later on it It

an isolated independence. the other within moments. was changed its mono-dimensional has course. reaches The primary aim of now expanding international can maintain relation. globalisation is The news of an incident to extend trade and commerce happened in a corner of the throughout the world. world cultural identity. (c) Match the phrases from Column A with the ones in Column B. There are more phrases in Column B than are necessary. 1x5=5 A (a) Satellite television and internet (b) The invention of these two (c) devices They have now (d) We can now establish (e) Of course there is

B one more or less contemporary in our life. have brought revolution in our life. have revolutionised information technology. (v) brought the whole world in our drawing room. (vi) connection with any corner of the globe. (vii) other side of the coin. in our modern life. (i) (ii) (iii) (iv)

Unit-21: Lesson- 6 Read the passage below and answer Questions 5-8: The process of globalization requires single language for international communication. For many different reasons, English has achieved the prestige of being an international language. As a result, it has crossed the national borders of English speaking countries and reached people who speak other languages. All of us are now stockholders in the English language. It is no longer the unique possession of the British or American or other native speaker people, but a language that belongs to the world's people. In fact, bilingual and multilingual users of English far outnumber its monolingual native speakers. This phenomenon has led to a bewildering variety of English around the world. As more and more people speak English, more and more varieties have emerged which are strongly influenced by the pronunciation, grammar and idiom of their respective mother tongues. World English has now completely moved away from the control of its native speakers. There is a joke that global English is neither British nor American, rather it is bad English. However, the question of good or bad English is irrelevant now. Today's slogan is 'mutual intelligibility' among users of the language. 5. Write short answers to these questions. 1x5=5 (a) What does the process of globalization require for international communication? (b) Is English a language of the British or the American only? Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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(c) What is bad English? (d) What things influence the varieties of English language? (e) What gives English a bewildering variety? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words: 1x5=5 Single language is (a) _________ for maintaining international communication. Today English is the only international (b) _________ which is spoken by the people all (c) _________ the world. It is no (d) ________ considered the language of English speaking (e) __________. 7. Summarise the above passage in five sentences: 1x5=5 8. Based on your reading of the passage make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow chart showing the causes of variety in English. 1×5=5 1. Crossing the national boarder

Model Question- 55 PartA: Seen Comprehension ( 4o Marks) Unit-21, Lesson-6 Read the passage below and answer Questions 1-4 : The process of globalization requires a single language for international communication. For many different reasons, English has achieved the prestige of being an international language. As a result, it has crossed the national borders of English speaking countries and reached people who speak other languages. All of us are now stockholders in the English language. It is no longer the unique possession of the British or American or other native speaker people, but a language that belongs to the world's people. In fact, bilingual and multilingual users of English far outnumber its monolingual native speakers. This phenomenon has led to a bewildering variety of English around the world. As more and more people speak English, more and more varieties have emerged which are strongly influenced by the pronunciation, grammar and idiom of their respective mother tongues. World English has now completely moved away from the control of its native speakers. There is a joke that global English is neither British nor American, rather it is bad English. However, the question of good or bad English is irrelevant now. Today's slogan is 'mutual intelligibility' among users of the language. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence: 1x5 = 5 (a) The mother tongue of the non-native English speakers have prejudiced/stirred/ influenced English to a great extent. (b) Nowadays people give importance/interest/concern on communicative English. (c) English is essential/crucial/unnecessary for globalization. (d) At present there is no skill/command/ability of English native speaker over English. (e) "Mutual intelligibility" means mutual help/ understanding/ support. 2. True/false? If false, give the correct information: 1x5 = 5 Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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(a) The pronunciation of native English speakers differs from the non-native speakers. (b) Only the people of England speak English. (c) The process of globalization needs many languages for international communication. (d) The native speakers have lost their control over world English. (e) Non-native English speakers strictly follow the native speakers. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words in brackets. Add any prepositions if necessary: 1x5 = 5 (a) English has its (important) _________ all over the world (b) English has made (communicate) _________ with the people of other countries easier. (c) A single language is (require) _________ in the process of globalization. (d) Global English is (know)_________ as bad English. (e) English is spoken (global) _________. 4. (a) Make a list of five points about the standard of global English. 1x5=5 (b) Make five sentences from the table below. There are English has been changed English has borrowed There are We need a common language

1x5=5

users of English that it has become universal. words from many different languages. changes that the question of good or bad so much English is irrelevant. so many we can communicate with the people of so that the world. that it has moved away from the control of the native speakers. mistakes that it is not possible to learn.

(c) Match the phrases from Column A with the ones in Column B. There are more phrases in Column B than are necessary. 1x5=5 A (a) English has become (b) English has taken (c) There are bilingual and multilingual users (d) The native speakers are no more (e) Global English is

B (i) rather bad English. (ii) rather good. (iii) many foreign words. (iv) the controller of English. (v) a global language. (vi) of English language. (vii) from the other languages. Unit-21: Lesson- 05 Read the passage below and answer Questions 5-8: Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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Although globalisation is mainly connected with business, trade and international relations, it is no longer viewed from that perspective alone. The tide of globalisation is now encroaching into other spheres too. Satellite television channels and the internet are bringing all sorts of different customs and behaviour into our homes. Under the influence of globalisaiton, global cultures are steadily getting integrated with local cultures. Different cultures are constantly interacting. As an independent nation, we have our own traditional social values, beliefs and attitudes. But in the globalising process, many foreign customs and beliefs are intruding on them. This is having a profound impact on our young generation in particular. The intrusion of foreign culture is seen by many as a threat to our national cultural identity. 5. Write short answers to these questions. 1x5=5 (a) Why is our culture facing a threat? (b) What is the influence of satellite television channels and the Internet? (c) What elements of other cultures do you notice in our society? (d) What is the primary concern of globalisation? (e) How is foreign culture encroaching our own culture? 6. Full in the gaps with suitable words. 1x5=5 Different cultures are (a) _________together. Through satellite, TV and internet our culture is mixing with the (b) _________ of other countries and is greatly (c) _________ by them. We have our age old (d) _________. But our culture is under a threat for the (e) _________of foreign culture. 7. Summarise in five sentences about our culture. 1x5=5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow-chart showing how other cultures are mixing with our culture and how they are. 1x5=5 1. Business, trade and international relation

Model Question-56 PartA: Seen Comprehension (40 Marks) Unit-22, Lesson-2n (B Read the passage below and answer Questions 1-4: Scientists have always wondered if there is life anywhere out in the Space besides us. They have joined together on a major project called the Communication with ExtraTerrestrial Intelligence (CETI) which seeks to establish contact with any other living beings in the Universe. For this, they are beaming out radio signals into Space in the hope of attracting attention of “other worlds.” It was thought that there is life on Mars. But two Viking Spacecrafts that landed on Mars in 1976 did not provide much evidence of life. The pictures sent by them showed Mars as having a red sky instead of a blue one like ours and a pinkish coloured iron-rich soil. Its gravity is about half as strong as that of Earth so that the atmosphere is also much thinner than our planet. It has deserts, high mountains, volcanoes, craters, grooves like canals as well as summer and winter seasons. But there are no trees or signs of any life forms. However, a close inspection of a meteorite from Mars that fell on the Earth has revealed tiny fossils like bacteria 3. 6 Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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billion years old. This proved that some form of life existed there in the past. But who knows! Space probes have also been sent to planets Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune. It will take years for a Space probe to reach a planet and many more years to analyse all the data sent to Earth by these probes. Objective (20 Marks) 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1×5=5 (a) The meteor (concealed/masked/unveiled) tiny fossils like bacteria 3.6 billion years old. (b) The (subsistence/demise/exodus) of bacteria proved that there was life in Mars in the past. (c) It will take many more years to (correspond/scrutinise/summarise) all the data sent to Earth by the space proves. (d) Scientists have always (affirmed/puzzled/doubted) if there is life anywhere out in the space beside us. (e) Is there life anywhere out in the space (further/apart from/moreover) us? Extra (1) Scientists have joined together on a (scheme/diagram/meeting) called CETI. (2) The project seeks to (found/link/cut off) contact with any other living beings in the universe. (3) For this, the scientists are (extracting/emitting/transmitting) radio signal into the space. (4) Two space crafts (alighted/look off/framed) on Mars in 1976. (5) The space crafts provided (plenteous/scanty/little) evidence of life. (6) Mars has some geological (similarities/differences/indifference) with Earth. (7) A close (examination/inspiration/Inscription) has been performed on the meteorite that fell from Mars. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information. 1×5=5 (a) Mars have some geological similarity with Earth. (b) Mars possesses atmospheric substance as dense as Earth. (c) The soil of the Mars is not rich in any chemical. (d) It is the assumption of the scientists that there exists life in the space. (e) The scientists are apart from one another regarding space research. Extra (1) The purpose of CETI is to establish a link between the living beings of the universe and the earth. (2) The landing of two Viking spacecrafts proved that there was no existence of life on Mars. (3) The sky of Mars is similar to ours. (4) There are six seasons in Mars. (5) Space probes have been sent to three planets. (6) To analyse all the data sent to earth by space probes will take long time. (7) In the case of space research scientists have been working unitedly. (8) Two space crafts were sent to Jupiter in 1976. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words in the brackets. Add any preposition if necessary. 1×5=5 Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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(a) Some form of bacteria existed there and that is the (prove) --------of life in Mars. (b) The space is a (wonderful)---------- to scientists. (c) Still it is a (wonderful) ------ to the scientists whether there is life in the outer space. (d) The project is working for the (establish)-------- of connection with any other living beings in the Universe. (e) The ‘Other World’ may be (attention)---------- to the signal sent by the scientists. Extra (1) CETI works for the (establish)---------- of a link between man and the space. (2) They try to (attraction)----------- the attention of other worlds. (3) It was the (think)-------- of scientists that there was life on Mars. (4) Scientists have got some (evident)-------- of life from the picture of Mars. (5) It will take time to make (analyse)---------- the data sent to earth. (6) Existence of life was not (evidence)--------- . (7) Meteorite provides (reveal)-------- of fossils. (8) The iron-rich soil of the Mars is (pinkish)--------- in colour. (9) The (atmosphere)--------- thickness of the Mars is less than that of the Earth. (10) Mars has high (mountain)-------- area. (11) Mars also experiences (season)-------- changes. 4. Make a list of five important points about the Planet Mars. 1x5 = 5 5. Write short answers to these questions. 1x5 = 5 (a) How did scientists reach the conclusion that some forms of the life can exist in Mars? (b) What do you think the author means by “the other world”? (c) What do scientists do to establish contact with any other living beings out in the space? (d) How did scientists collect details about the planet Mars? (e) Which particular evidence suggests that the atmosphere of Mars is much thinner than that of the Earth? Extra (1) How many seasons does the planet Mars seem to have? (2) Why does the author say “who knows”? (3) What is the aim of project CETI? (4) How is the planet Mars different from Earth? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1×5=5 Scientists (a)------- that there is life in Mars. But the (b)------of two Viking spacecrafts on Mars in 1976 did not provide much evidence of life. The pictures sent by them showed that Mars (c) -------a red sky and a pinkish coloured ironrich soil. Its gravity is less (d) ------ than the Earth and its atmosphere is also less thin (e) ------our planet. 7. Summarize the passage in five sentences. 5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes showing the things found in Mars. 1×5=5 1. Red sky

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Model Question- 57 PartA: Seen Comprehension (40 Marks) Unit-22, Lesson- 4n (B Read the passage below and answer Questions 1-8: Scientists have been experimenting with the idea living in space for a long time. But it is not easy to live in Space. There is no gravity and the body needs a lot of adjusting to do. One of the scientists reported that his heart-beat had become slower, and bones and muscles had felt weaker as calcium had been decreasing from them. His head had felt heavy as there was no gravity to keep blood down in the legs and there was also a feeling of space sickness which is like travel sickness. Doing everyday jobs also becomes difficult. Water cannot be poured because it stays in one place like a big ball. If you want a drink you must do it with straw from a closed container. If you sprinkle salt, it spreads all around you and heavy objects can be moved with one finger as they have no weight. Astronauts, therefore, need months of training to be able to adjust to conditions in Space. Objective (20 Marks) 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1×5=5 (a) Scientists are trying to travel/reside/journey in the space. (b) To live in space is difficult/easy/comfortable. (c) One of the scientists reported that his digestion/circulation/pulsation had become slower. (d) In the space heavy objects lose/gain/retain their weights. (e) Astronauts need a long training to adjust to the atmosphere/culture/style in the space. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information. 1×5 =5 (a) Scientists are indifferent to travel in the space. (b) In the space one feels strong. (c) In the space one can retain his weight. (d) It is very easy to stay in the space. (e) In the space one becomes sick. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words in the brackets. Add any preposition if necessary. 1×5=5 (a) (Live)____in space is very difficult. (b) Scientists had made (experimental)____ to live in space. (c) (Adjust)______the space is very difficult. (d) Months training are (need)______ to be able to adjust to the condition in the space. (e) One is to face (difficult)________ in adjusting in space. 4. Make a list of five things that an astronaut should learn before going to space. 1×5=5

5. Write short answers to these questions. (a) What is a must for the circulation of blood? (b) What do the astronauts require for living in space? (c) Why had the head of the scientists felt heavy? (d) Why can’t water be poured in the space? (e) Why do astronauts need months of training?

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Extra (1) What have scientists been experimenting? (2) Why is it not easy to live in the space? (3) What does calcium do for human beings? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1×5=5 Scientists have continued (a) — for a long time to (b) — in space. But (c) — in space is not an easy task. For (d) — of gravity, one faces many problems to adjust in the space. So, long training is (e) — before taking any space mission. 7. Summarize the passage in five sentences. 5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes showing the conditions of living in the space. 1×5=5 1. Conditions of living

Model Question- 58 PartA: Seen Comprehension ( 4o Marks) Unit-23, Lesson-1 Read the passage below and answer Questions 1-4: The last century is over, but it will not be forgotten. Many events have taken place during these years that have embellished and enriched human life. There have been significant advances in scientific achievement and technological development including immense progress in medical science. Lately, a revolution in information technology has taken the world by storm. In ideological terms, the twentieth century has been marked by the independence of many former European colonies in Asia, Africa and Latin America. The struggle for democracy in different parts of the world including Bangladesh has been momentous. It saw the division of Germany after the second World War, and its subsequent reunification in the eighties. The process of reunification evident here has also been echoed in other regions. The century also witnessed the rise of socialism, and the creation of super powers opposed in ideologies, however, the end of the cold war and the collapse of socialism have eased the major powers into a unipolar position. On the other hand, conflict has deepened. The world has experienced some of the worst events in history during this time. Misuse of atomic energy has wreaked destruction. Two World Wars have recorded the worst sufferings in human history - Hiroshima and Nagasaki bear testimony to this. Conflict and strife worldwide has increase. It has seen the Vietnam war. The Gulf war, the war in Lebanon, and in many parts of Africa causing widespread death and destruction. Terrorism too is sadly on the rise. Indeed several other things have also caused endless human misery. Poverty, Hunger malnutrition, uncontrolled population growth and high mortality rates have been common features in the poorer countries. Environmental pollution, global warming, contaminated drinking water and the aids epidemic are many of the major problems that we have inherited from the decades that have gone by. And yet despite these dark aspects, the last century will remain memorable in terms of positive human achievement. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence: 1x5 = 5 Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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(a) In ideological terms, the twentieth century has been (baffled/distinguished/ marred) by the independence of many former European colonies in Asia. (b) Many events have (denuded/simplified/varnished) and enriched human life. (c) There have been (petty/appreciable/ trivial) advancement in the field of science. (d) Technological development includes (monumental/tiny/ minute) progress in medical science. (e) Lately, a/an (innovation/rebel/establishment) in information technology has taken the world by storm. Extra (1) Hiroshima and Nagasaki bear (demonstration/ disapproval/accumulation) to the worst suffering of humanity. (2) The division of Germany after the second World War and its (earlier/ previous/ consequential) reunification in the eighties are two remarkable happenings. (3) The process of reunification evident here has also been (deserted / reiterated / criticised) in the other regions. (4) The century has also (challenges/ experienced/ opposed) the rise of socialism. (5) After the creation of super powers ideologies were (unified/verified/ polarised). (6) The end of cold war and the collapse of socialism have (aggravated/intensified/ tranquilised) the major powers into a unipolar position. (7) Misuse of atomic energy has (demolished/devastated/ perpetrated) destruction. 1x5 = 5 2. True/false? If false, give the correct information: (a) Many countries in the world became free in the world in the last century. (b) In the 20th century no nation fought for democracy. (c) The last century will sink into oblivion. (d) There has been insignificant advancement in the fields of science, technology and medical science. (e) In the last century man enjoyed undisturbed peace. Extra (1) Former European colonies were in Africa, America and Australia. (2) The re-unification of Germany has no influence on other countries. (3) In the eighties Germany turned hostile to each other. (4) In the last century the world witnessed the human sufferings in Hiroshima and Nagasaki. (5) Terrorism has declined. (6) Last century will not be forgotten for its eventful contribution to human life. (7) Poverty, hunger malnutrition etc. have been common features all over the world. (8) Last century is bestowed with only dark aspects. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words. Add any prepositions if necessary: 1x5= 5 Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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(a) (Ideology) _______, the twentieth century has been marked by the independence of many former European Colonies in Asia. (b) People of the last century will not be (forget) ___________. (c) (Embellish) ________and (enrich) _______ have been given to human life by many events. (d) Medical science developed (immense) ___________in the last century. (e) Information technology has got a (revolution) ___________ change. Extra (1) Several other things have made human life very (misery) ___________. (2) The last century will remain in (memorable) ___________ for positive human achievement. (3) Medical science has (progress) ___________ much. (4) Man has been benefited (immense) ___________ by science. (5) The last century is also remarkable for (technology) ___________ development. (6) The world had the (experience) ___________ of some worst events. (7) Science has (advancement) _________ tremendously. (8) Science has (achievement) ___________ tremendous success. (9) Medical science has improved (significant) _________. (10) A (revolution) ___________ change has taken place in information technology. (11) Many former European countries have become (independence) ___________. (12) Bangladesh and many other countries (struggle) ___________ for independence in the last century. (13) Germany was (division) ___________after the Second World War. (14) Socialism (collapse) ___________. (15) Many things have contributed to the (embellish) ___________ of human life. (16) Man has achieved many things for the (enrich) ___________ of his life. (17) The last century is (scientific) ___________ remarkable. (18) The last century has witnessed much (science) ___________ advancement. (19) In the last century the cold war (end) ___________. Or Select an appropriate word from the list and insert into each blank. There are more words than necessary. taking forget progressed decoration advancements remember embellishment Though the last century is over, people will not (a) _________ it because of (b) _________ place of many events which have added (c) ________ and enrichment to human life. Significant (d) ________ have taken place in science, technology. Medical science has also (e) _________ immensely. 4. (a) Make a list of five important changes in the last century. 1x5 = 5 Or (b) Make sentences from the following substitution table. 1x5 = 5 Terrorism will be cherished on the rise. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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Information technology The last century People Medical science

has revolutionized advanced shortened is has abated suffered

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much. by the people. human life. the whole world. far in the last century. untold sufferings in the last century.

Unit-23: Lesson-02 Read the passage below and answer Questions 5-8: The most significant event for Bangladesh in the last century has been its birth as an independent nation. Prior to that, it experienced British colonial rule until 1947, followed by an oppressive existence as East Pakistan from 1947 to 1971. The life of our people has often been shaped by tragedy. Floods have devastated our land and tidal waves from the sea have swept away thousands of lives. Poverty has been an ever-present spectre. As a result, nearly seventy percent of the population suffers from various degrees of malnutrition. Rapid population growth has added to this problem. Although the growth rate has slowed down to some extent, the population has almost doubled since independence. On the other hand, turbulent politics and instability, and the rise of terrorism and crime are adversely affecting society. Despite these negative aspects, the last twenty five years will remain memorable for certain events. The 21st of February 1952 immediately comes to mind. Only recently, our language day has been declared the International Mother Language Day by UNESCO. 16 December 1971 is another day our nation will cherish forever - the day when we became citizens of a free state following our victory over the occupation forces of Pakistan. In addition, in the field of literature, art and culture we have produced great poets, novelists, and artists. For instance, Bangladesh is proud of the great poet Kazi Nazrul Islam who raised his fiery voice against injustice and oppression. 5. Write short answers to these questions. 1x5 = 5 (a) According to the passage; what achievements have Bengalis made in the last few decades? (b) What is the most significant event for Bangladesh in the last century? (c) Why is Bangladesh proud of Kazi Nazrul Islam? (d) What is the fate of our people? (e) Write, according to the passage, the social and political conditions of our country. 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words: 1x5 = 5 For (a) __________nearly seventy percent of people become the (b) __________ of various degrees of malnutrition. Rapid (c) __________ of population has increased this problem. In spite of the (d) __________ growth rate of population to some extent, it has almost doubled since Bangladesh has become independent. On the other hand, turbulent politics and instability, the rise of terrorism and crime (e) __________ the society adversely. 7. Summarise five negative activities of 20th century in Bangladesh. 1x5 =5 Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow chart showing the negative aspects of Bangladesh in the last 25 years. 1x5 = 5

1. Devastating flood

Model Question- 59 PartA: Seen Comprehension ( 4o Marks) Unit-23, Lesson-2 Read the passage below and answer Questions 1-4: The most significant event for Bangladesh in the last century has been its birth as an independent nation. Prior to that, it experienced British colonial rule until 1947, followed by an oppressive existence as East Pakistan from 1947 to 1971. The life of our people has often been shaped by tragedy. Floods have devastated our land and tidal waves from the sea have swept away thousands of lives. Poverty has been an ever-present spectre. As a result, nearly seventy percent of the population suffers from various degrees of malnutrition. Rapid population growth has added to this problem. Although the growth rate has slowed down to some extent, the population has almost doubled since independence. On the other hand, turbulent politics and instability, and the rise of terrorism and crime are adversely affecting society. Despite these negative aspects, the last twenty five years will remain memorable for certain events. The 21st of February 1952 immediately comes to mind. Only recently, our language day has been declared the International Mother Tongue day by UNESCO. 16 December 1971 is another day our nation will cherish forever the day when we became citizens of a free state following our victory over the occupation forces of Pakistan. In addition, in the field of literature, art and culture we have produced great poets, novelists, and artists. For instance, Bangladesh is proud of the great poet Kazi Nazrul Islam who raised his fiery voice against injustice and oppression. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence: 1x5 = 5 (a) Tidal waves have swept/ cleaned/ cleared away many lives. (b) The achievement / realization/ execution in the field of literature, art and culture is remarkable. (c) The emergence/victory/degradation of Bangladesh as a free country is the most significant event in Bangladesh. (d) Political instability and the rise of terrorism have made a bad affect/effect/ concern on our society. (e) Bangladesh takes proud/ pride/honour in the great poet Kazi Nazrul Islam. Extra (1) The cause of malnutrition in Bangladesh is poverty/ negligence of the Government/ riches. (2) Bangladesh came into being in 1947/ 1952/ 1971. (3) Bangladesh was under Pakistan for 30/ 24/ 40 years. (4) Thousands of lives have been carried away by tidal bores/ storm/ flood. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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(5) 16th December is our victory/ independence/ mourning day. 2. True/false? If false, give the correct information: 1x5 = 5 (a) Tragedy plays a minor role in the lives of Bangladeshis. (b) The people of Bangladesh are poverty stricken. (c) The emergence of Bangladesh as a free country in the last century is the most remarkable event for Bangladesh. (d) Bangladesh was under British colonial rule till 1971. (e) Pakistan came into being in 1947. Extra (1) Natural calamities are very common in Bangladesh. (2) Our political and social conditions have positive influence on our society. (3) Our huge population helps to remove poverty. (4) Our victory day has got the recognition of the UNESCO. (5) Bangladesh became free from the British rule in 1971. (6) Ignorance is the main reason of malnutrition of the vast majority of our population. (7) Bangladesh became successful in controlling the rapid growth of population. (8) The 20th century will always be remembered for the adverse situations Bangladesh faced. (9) Our achievement in the field of literature, art and culture is very significant. (10) The growth remains the same as before. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words in the brackets. Add any prepositions if necessary. 1x5 = 5 (a) There often occurs (devastate)__________ floods in our country. (b) Thousands of lives (sweep) _________by tidal waves. (c) The most significant event for Bangladesh in the last century is the achievement of our (independent) __________. (d) Bangladesh was a (colonial) __________British until 1947. (e) Bangladesh experienced (oppressive) __________ the Pakistani rulers. Extra (1) Terrorism and crime have (adversely) __________ effect on our society. (2) The (declare) _________our language day as International Mother Language Day has made us proud. (3) We became (victory) __________over the occupation forces of Pakistan on 16 December, 1971. (4) The (suffer) __________ people from malnutrition is a great problem. (5) Population grows very (rapid) __________our country. (6) Our society is (affect) __________ adversely by turbulent politics, rise of terrorism, crime etc. (7) The last twenty five years will remain vivid in our (memorable) __________ for certain events. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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(8) Recently UNESCO (declare) __________our language day as the International Mother Language Day. (9) The great poet, Kazi Nazrul Islam is the (produce) __________ our soil. (10) We take (proud) __________ our great poet, Kazi Nazrul Islam. Or Select an appropriate word from the list and insert into each blank. There are more words than necessary. experience designed devastation independent shaped drawn emergence The (a) __________of Bangladesh as an (b) __________ nation is the most significant event in the last century. Prior to that it had the (c) __________ of British colonial rule until 1947. Tragedy has often (d) __________the life of our people. Floods have caused (e) __________ of our land and thousands of life have been swept away by tidal waves. 4. (a) Make a list of five points about five positive things that took place in 20th century. 1x5 = 5 (b) Make sentences from the following substitution table. 1x5 = 5

The British Bangladesh Tidal surge People here Bangladesh

sustained Kazi Nazrul Islam. remained as an independent country. takes pride in a free country. emerged below poverty line. dominated her existence. has swept away huge tolls of human life. live Bangladesh till 1947. (c) From your study of the passage choose the suitable phrases from column B to match the parts of sentence in Column A. 1x5 = 5 Column A Column B a) Consequence of flood and tidal a) its birth as an independent country. waves is the b) The most remarkable thing for b) for his fiery voice against injustice and Bangladesh in the last century is corruption. c) Turbulant politics, instability, the c) affecting the society. rise of terrorism and crime are d) Achievements in the field d) production of great poets, novelists of literature, art and culture are the and artists. e) Bangladesh feels proud of e) devastation of our lands and sweeping Nazrul Islam away of thousands of lives. Unit 23: Lesson-01 Read the passage below and answer Questions 5-8 : The last century is over, but it will not be forgotten. Many events have taken place during these years that have embellished and enriched human life. There have been Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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significant advances in scientific achievement and technological development including immense progress in medical science. Lately, a revolution in information technology has taken the world by storm. In ideological terms, the twentieth century has been marked by the independence of many former European colonies in Asia, Africa and Latin America. The struggle for democracy in different parts of the world including Bangladesh has been momentous. It was the division of Germany after the Second World War, and its subsequent reunification in the eighties. The process of reunification evident here has also been echoed in other regions. The century also witnessed the rise of socialism, and the creation of super powers opposed in ideologies. However, the end of the cold war and the collapse of socialism have eased the major powers into a unipolar position. On the other hand, conflict has deepened. The world has experienced some of the worst events in history during this time. Misuse of atomic energy has wreaked destruction. Two World Wars have recorded the worst sufferings in human history Hiroshima and Nagasaki bear testimony to this. Conflict and strife worldwide has increase. It has seen the Vietnam war. The Gulf war, the war in Lebanon, and in many parts of Africa causing widespread death and destruction. Terrorism too is sadly on the rise. Indeed several other things have also caused endless human misery. Poverty, hunger malnutrition, uncontrolled population growth and high mortality rates have been common features in the poorer countries. Environmental pollution, global warming, contaminated drinking water and the AIDS epidemic are many of the major problems that we have inherited from the decades that have gone by. And yet, despite these dark aspects, the last century will remain memorable in terms of positive human achievement. 5. Write short answers to these questions. 1x5 = 5 (a) What, according to the passage, are some of the beneficial achievements of the century? (b) The second paragraph refers to the independence of former colonies. Name at the European colonial powers? (c) What do you understand by war and battle? (d) What happened in Hiroshima and Nagasaki? (e) What do you understand by the "cold war”? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words: 1x5 = 5 A (a) ________ change has taken place in information technology. Many countries in Asia, Africa and Latin America became (b) ________ in the last century. Many countries including Bangladesh (c) ________ for democracy. Though Germany was (d) ________ after the Second World War. It again got (e) ________ in the eighties. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences. 1 x5 = 5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow chart showing the major events that took place in the last century. 1x5 = 5 1. Progress in science, technology and medical science

Model Question- 60 Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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Model Questions

PartA: Seen Comprehension ( 4o Marks) Unit-23, Lesson-3 Read the passage below and answer Questions 1-4: Feeding the ever growing population is a big challenge for Bangladesh in the coming decades. The major challenge for the country is to sustain the current level of agricultural production. The task is daunting, especially when the country loses about 80 thousand hectares of cultivable land annually due to excessive pressure on land for human settlement as well as the building of infrastructure such as roads and bridges. Moreover, river erosion and other non-agricultural uses contribute to the diminishing of agricultural land. Although the total number of farm holdings have increased by 18 percent, the cultivated area has declined with the average farm size decreasing from 2.26 acres in 1983-84 to 1.69 acres in 1996. Given that about 80% of the farms are small and highly fragmented, more imaginative and effective organisations of production are needed to sustain agricultural productivity and create more employment and income for the farming community. The newly emerging 'contract farming' taken up by a number of private agri-business firms is one approach for promoting food production, especially fruit and vegetables. One possibility to compensate for the loss of land is to go for land reclamation in the Bay of Bangla for which of course the country needs massive external assistance. It is essential to improve agricultural production in general and food production in particular. For this, support from the public sector is necessary to generate and promote technologies and hence to strengthen production. Bio-technology research and development of hybrid crops and animal species need to be given priority which will probably involve partnerships with multinational private sector firms and institutions. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence: 1x5-5 (a) River erosion /denudation/ flood is also a cause of the loss of our cultivable land. (b) Our playgrounds/agricultural lands/living places are being lost. (c) The loss of cultivable land can be recovered by reinstating/salvaging/regaining in the Bay of Bengal. (d) The big challenge for Bangladesh is to educate/ feed/nurse her population. (e) One of the reasons of shrinking/waning/decreasing our land is excessive pressure on land for human settlement. Extra (1) Agricultural sector can create the opportunity of unemployment/ employment. (2) Public sector is essential to encourage/harden/ consolidate production (3) Contract farming has emerged presently/recently/ occasionally. (4) Our only/main/trivial challenge is to sustain the current level of agricultural production. (5) It is very encouraging/alarming/heartening to keep up the present level of agricultural production. (6) Contract farming is essential to decline/ increase /progress food production. (7) Most of our farms are united/disintegrated/shattered. 2. True/false? If false, give the correct information : 1x5 = 5 Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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(a) Improvement of agricultural production is not necessary. (b) Government support is enough to accelerate technologies (c) The population of Bangladesh is going on increasing day by day. (d) The major challenge for the country is to maintain the current level of agricultural production. (e) Our lands are divided into small pieces. Extra (1) We should be solvent in food production to meet the demand of the rapid growth of population. (2) Public sector can play an important role in increasing food production. (3) Contract farming can be helpful for greater use of cultivable land. (4) About 80% of the cultivable lands have been brought under contract farming. (5) The cultivable land of our country is increasing every year. (6) It will be very risky to feed all the people in the 21st century. (7) The current level of agricultural production in Bangladesh is not satisfactory at all. (8) The only reason of our loss of cultivable land is the excessive pressure on land for human settlement. (9) Our agricultural production should be increased. (10) There is no new employment scope in our agricultural section. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words. Add any prepositions if necessary: 1x5= 5 (a) The (annually) _________ loss of our cultivable land is 80 thousand hectres. (b) Bangladesh is (lose) ______ about 80 thousand hectors of cultivable land every year. (c) It is very (challenge) _________ feed the ever growing population. (d) (Sustain) _________current level of agricultural production has become a major challenge for Bangladesh. (e) The major challenge for Bangladesh is to sustain the current level of the production of (agricultural) _________ Extra (1) (Compensate) _________the loss of land is practicable by land reclamation in the Bay of Bangle. (2) It is (possibility) _________ compensate the loss of land by land reclamation in the Bay of Bangle. (3) In spite of the (increase) _________ total number of farm holdings, the cultivated area has declined. (4) The text deals (particular) _________the problem of agricultural production in the coming decade. (5) Current level of agricultural production is needed to be (sustain) _________. (6) River erosion is one of the reasons of (lose) _________land. (7) (Fragment) _________our land is also one of the reasons of losing cultivable land. (8) The (improve) _________of our agricultural production is essential. (9) Public support is essential for the (promote) _________technologies. (10) There is (decline) _________ cultivated area. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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Model Questions

Or Select an appropriate word from the list and insert into each blank. There are more words than necessary. gaining sustenance come existing diminishing losing feed To (a) _________the ever growing population is a big challenge for Bangladesh in the decades to (b) _________ The (c) _________of the current level of agricultural production is the major challenge for the country. The task is daunting because the country is (d) _________about 80 thousand hectares of cultivable land every year. The agricultural land of Bangladesh is also (e) _________ by river erosion and other non-agricultural uses. 4. (a) Make a list of five important causes of the loss of cultivable land. 1x5 = 5 Or (b) From your study of the passage choose the suitable phrases from column B to match the parts of sentence in Column A. 1x5 = 5 Column A a) A big challenge for Bangladesh in the coming decades is

Column B a) by doing land reclamation in the Bay of Bengal.

b) The difficult task for Bangladesh b) sustenance of the current level of is the agricultural production. c) Loss of land can be prevented c) cause the loss of cultivable land. d) Improvement of agricultural d) to feed the ever growing population. production e) Human settlement, building of e) is inevitable at present. infrastructure, river erosion etc. Unit-24: Lesson-04 Read the passage below and answer Questions 5-8: Gender discrimination in Bangladesh begins at birth. Most parents want to have children so that they can, when they are older, supplement their family income and/or help with the domestic work. In the existing socio-economic set-up, male children are best suited to this purpose. So girls are born to an unwelcome world. However, they are assigned, rather confined to, domestic chores. Some of these girls may be at school. But all their work − domestic or academic – stops as soon as they are married off, which is the prime concern of the parents about their daughters. This discriminatory treatment has some long-term negative effects on the body and mind of the girl children and women in a family. They are given to understand that they should keep the best food available for the male members in the family; that they should eat less than the male members; that they should not raise their voice when they speak; that they should not go out of their house without permission from, and without being escorted by the male members. All these shape the girls' thinking about life and the world, and go to establish their relationships with the male members in the family. As a result: Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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They suffer, more than their male counterparts, from malnutrition and anaemia which make them vulnerable to various diseases, resulting in a high mortality rate. 5. Write short answers to these questions. 1x5 = 5 (a) When does gender discrimination begin? (b) What causes high mortality among our women? (c) Which is the prime concern of our parents about their girls? (d) When do all the works of the girls stop? (e) What do most parents want in our country? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words: 1x5 = 5 This (a) ___________ leaves some long term negative effects on the body and mind of the girl children and women in a family. They (b) ___________ that the best food (c) ___________for the male members in the family. They should not (d) ___________ as much as the male members. Thus their sufferings (e) ___________. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences. 1x5 = 5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow chart showing the sufferings of female child in the family. 1x5 = 5 1. Not welcomed in the world

Model Question- 61 PartA: Seen Comprehension (4o Marks) Unit-24, Lesson-4 Read the passage below and answer Questions 1-4: Gender discrimination in Bangladesh begins at birth. Most parents want to have children so that they can, when they are older, supplement their family income and/or help with the domestic work. In the existing socio-economic set-up, male children are best suited to this purpose. So girls are born to an unwelcome world. However, they are assigned, rather confined to, domestic chores. Some of these girls may be at school. But all their work−domestic or academic−stops as soon as they are married off, which is the prime concern of the parents about their daughters. This discriminatory treatment has some long-term negative effects on the body and mind of the girl children and women in a family. They are given to understand that they should keep the best food available for the male members in the family; that they should eat less than the male members; that they should not raise their voice when they speak; that they should not go out of their house without permission from, and without being escorted by the male members. All these shape, the girls' thinking about life and the world, and go to establish their relationships with the male members in the family. As a result: They suffer, more than their male counterparts, from malnutrition and anaemia which make them vulnerable to various diseases, resulting in a high mortality rate. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence: 1x5 = 5 (a) Girls are (entrusted/ascribed/allocated) with domestic chores. (b) But their (homely/household/house) work stop as soon as they are married off. (c) Their (education/academy/educative) is postponed when they are married off. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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Model Questions

(d) Their proper (bringing up/management/marriage) is the prime concern of their parents. (e) This discriminatory (deportment/behaviour/norm) has some long term negative effects. Extra (1) Before going out of home girls should take (leave/agreement/license) of the male members. (2) In the present socio economic condition male children are thought to be (apt/ applicable/ fit) for earning (3) The discriminatory treatment has some long term negative (influence/exercise/ exertion) on girls. (4) The negative effect affects their (physique/physic/ physical). (5) Girls are made to (realize/achieve/discern) that the best food is meant for the male children. (6) Girls are to (take/devour/gobble) less food than male children. (7) To raise voice means (go astray/protest/reticence). 2. True/false? If false, give the correct information: 1x5 = 5 (a) Girls are at liberty to go out of home. (b) Girls deserve the best food available in the family. (c) In Bangladesh parents give prime importance on their daughters’ education. (d) Early marriage stands in their way of education. (e) In our country women are not in a position to protest any discrimination. Extra (1) Girls are deprived of only education. (2) In our country girls receive ill treatment (3) The discriminatory treatment makes a girl establish relationship with the male members, (4) Most parents want to have children for future generation. (5) The arrival of a girl is not heartily welcomed. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words in brackets. Add any prepositions if necessary: 1x5 = 5 (a) Most parents consider their children (supplement) _______ their income, (b) The birth of a girl is not (welcome) _______. (c) Their (assign) _______ is domestic chores. (d) Gender discrimination in Bangladesh begins when a girl (born) _______ (e) The birth of a girl is the (begin) _______of gender discrimination in Bangladesh. Extra (1) They are (permission) _______ to go out of home by the male members. (2) The gender discrimination makes the girls (thinking) _______ their life. (3) The male members (escort) ___________them. (4) Their early (marry) ___________ stop their academic activities. (5) Their parents are (concern) __________their marriage. (6) Girls are not (treat) ___________equally. (7) The best food is (keep) ___________male members of the family. (8) Girls in our country are not in a position (raise) ___________their voice. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

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(9) The discriminatory treatment results in the (establish)_____their relationships with the male members. Or Select an appropriate word from the list and insert into each blank. There are more words than necessary. confined discrimination unwelcome stops receive send welcomed In our country (a) _______ against women begins at birth as it is not (b) ________by their parents. The domestic chores keep them (c) _______in the house. Some of the girls may be at school, but their early marriage (d) ________their education. Many parents consider that it is wastage of money to (e) ________ girls to schools. 4. (a) Make a list of five points about the attitude of people towards the girls.

1x5 = 5

(b) Make sentences from the following substitution table.

1x5 = 5

Girls are Their parents Their parents Girls Gender discrimination

do give remain are allowed move is confined

anxious for their marriage. within the four walls of their house. at their sweet will. not of their own accord. prevalent in Bangladesh. them in marriage maturity. to go out alone.

before

their

Unit-23: Lesson-03 Read the passage below and answer Questions 1-4: Feeding the ever growing population is a big challenge for Bangladesh in the coming decades. The major challenge for the country is to sustain the current level of agricultural production. The task is daunting, especially when the country loses about 80 thousand hectares of cultivable land annually due to excessive pressure on land for human settlement as well as the building of infrastructure such as roads and bridges. Moreover, river erosion and other non-agricultural uses contribute to the diminishing of agricultural land. Although the total number of farm holdings has increased by 18 percent, the cultivated area has declined with the average farm size decreasing from 2.26 acres in 1983-84 to 1.69 acres in 1996. Given that about 80% of the farms are small and highly fragmented, more imaginative and effective organisations of production are needed to sustain agricultural productivity and create more employment and income for the farming community. The newly emerging 'contract farming' taken up by a number of private agri-business firms is one approach for promoting food production, especially fruit and vegetables. One possibility to compensate for the loss of land is to go for land reclamation in the Bay of Bangla for which of course the country needs massive external assistance. Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

240

Model Questions

It is essential to improve agricultural production in general and food production in particular. For this, support from the public sector is necessary to generate and promote technologies and hence to strengthen production. Bio-technology research and development of hybrid crops and animal species need to be given priority which will probably involve partnerships with multinational private sector firms and institutions. 5. Write short answers to these questions. 1x5 = 5 (a) Why are our agricultural lands decreasing day by day? (b) Write a title for this text. (c) What factors have led to the problem? (d) What measures are suggested here to deal with the problem? (e) Which particular problem does this text deal with? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words: 1x5 = 5 In spite of the (a) __________ of the total number of farm holdings by 18 percent, the cultivated area has declined. Because of the (b) __________ and high(c) _________of farms, more imaginative and effective organization are needed to sustain the (d) ________ of agriculture and (e) ________of more employment and income for the farming community. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences.

1x5 = 5

8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow chart showing the things to be done for the production of food production. 1x5=5 1. Stopping the reduction of agricultural land

Cambrian Publications: Plot-2, Gulshan Circle-2, Dhaka.  9891919, 01720557160/170

Vocabulary Test With Clues

PART B: VOCABULARY Fill in the blanks for practice question no.- 9 01. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1× 10 =10 source manpower explore provide concern employment independence Provide necessary different across dense solution unemployment

275

Bangladesh is a (a) _______ populated country, but a large number of her people are (b) _______. It is not possible for her to ensure (c) ____________ to the teeming millions. Self-employment is a possible (d) __________ to this problem. It means that people themselves should (e) _________ avenues for self-employment. Facilities for training in (f) _________ trades and vocations are available (g) _________ the country. The youths, in particular, can train themselves in any of these trades and turn into a useful (h) _________. The govt. also (i) _________ easy loans and counseling with a view to helping them start an (j) _________ earning activity. 02. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1× 10 =10 constraints unusual huge education need facility increase available affect standard requisite academic Bangladesh has a (a) _______ population. Our educational institutions are also few. We have far too many students to (b) _______ , compared to the number of institutions (c) _________ . Bangladesh (d) _______ more schools, colleges and universities to provide for the (e) ______ number of students. But owing to financial and resource (f) _________ , the government cannot fund the (g) _________ number of educational institutions. At present every educational institutions are overcrowded and class size is (h) ________ large. As (i) ___________ in these institutions are poor, the students do not get a (j) _________ education. 03. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1 × 10 =10 carry enable

provide yardstick

get adopt

essential shelter

attitude enhance

hence redefine needs protect aware perform

Education is one of the basic (a) ____________ of a human being and is (b) ____________ for every kind of development. It (c) __________ us to make right choices in life. It (d) _________ our ability to raise crops, store food, (e) __________ the environment and (f) __________ out our social responsibilities. It (g) __________ us with an enlightened (h) __________ about things. But education has to be (i) __________. It is not merely (j) __________ degrees from schools, colleges and universities. It is something more lasting , more humane. 04. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1 × 10 =10 sense dots see read man using tips although ability letters way nails (a) __________ blind people cannot (b) __________, their (c) __________ of touch becomes far more developed than that of most sighted people. This (d) __________ was put to use by a brilliant (e) __________ called Louis Braille, In the early nineteenth century, he invented a (f) __________ of writing which bears his name. The Braille system reproduces the (g) __________ of the alphabet by a series of (h) ________ in certain positions, which are raised on the paper. The blind person runs the (i) ________ of his fingers across the pages of the Braille book and can work out 

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the printed letters and numbers. In this way, he reads the books (j) _______ his sense of touch. 05. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1× 10 =10 educate recreation religion original broadcast taken question aim facilities concern look though sent consider Television, a source of much knowledge, pleasure, and information and a widely used media of mass communication, is now being (a) _______ at from a different point of view. Is the TV really doing well, especially to the youngsters of our new generation? It is an important (b) ______ both to ask and to answer indeed. Looking from an (c) ______ point of view, the TV is to be (d) ______ one of the most effective means of educating both the students and the public as a whole. Again, it has almost become the most effective and popular means of people's (e) _______. Films, dramas, songs, dances, comedy series-all these are very attractive packages of programs. As a means of communications TV is, (f) ______ not the most important, yet the most effective and useful means of communication. Up to this point, we must say that the TV is doing good to our youngsters by educating them and by giving them recreational (g) ______. But as far as the satellite TV is (h) ______, we cannot say this for certainty. The commercial package programs (i) ______ by satellite TVs are detrimental to our young generation, pernicious to our societies, threatening to our values and traditions and (j) ______ beliefs. 06. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1× 10 =10 risen ability flood going severely prediction catastrophically raising increase alarming cause temperatures The temperature of the world is (a) ______ day by day. Climatologists (b) ______ that midway through the next century, temperatures may have (c) ______ by as much as 4°C. This could (d) _______ reduce man's (e) __________ to grow food, destroy or (f) __________ damage wild-life and wilderness, (g) __________sea levels and thereby, (h) __________coastal areas and farmland. The (i) __________ news about Bangladesh is that as a result of the rise of the sea level, the lower southern part of the country may one day (j) __________ under water. 07. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1× 10 =10 drive without traffic conscious occur be frequent many through easily know move go come It (a) __________ difficult to drive in Bangladesh if you have no experience of (b) __________ here. Drivers change lanes (c) __________, As a foreigner you may find lane changing (d) __________ signal quite distressing. Even drivers (e) __________ defying rules. Many people are not at all (f) __________ about traffic signals. They go around not (g) __________ what may happen to them if accident (h) __________. 

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Rickshaws and baby-taxis (i) __________ in and out in a zigzag course and try to push (j) __________ whenever they find some space. 08 Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1× 10 =10 mail operation nature between computer distribute know individual base electronic terminal difference communication Electronic mail, popularly (a) __________ as 'e-mail', is the communication of textual messages via (b) __________ means. Although telex (c) __________ is also electronic in (d) ________, there are differences (e) ________ a telex and 'e-mail'. While telex communication is (f) __________ to terminal, electronic mail communication is user to user via the (g) __________. In telex, messages destined to a number of users are sent to the same terminal from where it is (h) __________ in a printed form by an operator. On the other hand, e-mail is delivered to (i) __________ electronic mail boxes (j) __________ in computers. 09. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1 × 10 =10 embrace introduce noticing introduction remain makes friend reputation noticeable make keep usual interpreted control The British have a (a) __________ for (b) __________ their emotions private. Some obvious things are (c) __________ in British behaviour. For example, on public transport one passenger does not (d) __________ talk to another passenger. On meeting, people do not (e) __________ and often simply shake hands on a first (f) __________. In theatres, concert halls and cinemas audiences (g) __________ quiet during performance. None of these behaviour traits should be (h) __________ as unfriendliness. If a visitor (i) __________ the first move to start a conversation, he will find a British citizen rather (j) __________. 10. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1× 10 =10 add breath need plant prevent preserve grow produce protect provide take give wash gather Trees are very useful to humans. They (a) __________ the rich top soil from being (b) __________ away by rainwater and floods. You can see trees being (c) __________ along mountain slopes, on roadsides, in parks and gardens. Trees give us shade. They (d) __________ life to a place with their colourful flowers, beautiful leaves, fruits and thick trunks. They (e) __________shelters for birds and animals. They give us timber, medicine, paper, gum and many other useful things. They (f) __________ in carbon dioxide and (g) ________ oxygen. As you know by now man (h) __________ oxygen to (i) _________ and live. Trees are our best friends. We should (j) _________ them and plant more trees around us. 11. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1× 10 =10 veil knock looking saw sweet perfection dress 

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trade

against

thinking

indeed

perfect

live

beautiful

Once upon a time there (a) __________ in the city of Baghdad a young bachelor who was by (b) __________ a porter. One day he sat in the market place leaning idly (c) __________ his basket. A young woman (d) __________ in rare silks and cloaked in a gold-embroidered mantle, stopped before him and gently raised her (e) __________. Beneath it there showed dark eyes with long lashes and lineaments of (f) __________ beauty. "Lift up your basket, porter", she said in a (g) __________ voice, "and follow me." At once the porter took up his basket, (h) __________ to himself, "This is (i) __________ a lucky day." He followed her until she stopped at the door of a house and (j) __________ 12. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1× 10 =10 flower job farming raising also sectors sectors means opportunities engage create oneself easily rearing Self-employment means to create (a) __________opportunity for (b) __________ by one's own effort. Various government organizations are trying to (c) __________ a congenial atmosphere for self-employment. Different NGOs have (d) __________ rendered their help. Livestock (e) __________, agricultural (f) __________, poultry (g) __________ are some of the (h) __________. There are many (i) __________ for self-employment in Bangladesh. One can (j) __________ engage oneself in the jobs. 13. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1× 10 =10 device trained about perform essential great abacus fairly large special recent sense refers called The computer is a fairly (a) __________ invention. It has now become an (b) __________ part of modern life. It has greatly benefited us and brought (c) __________ revolutionary changes in our life. Any (d) __________ that helps people perform mathematical calculations may be (e) __________ a computer. In this sense the (f) __________ is a simple computer. Today however the term computer (g) __________ to special kind of electronic machine that can perform mathematical calculations and process (h) __________ masses of information at a (i) _______ speed. In a few minutes a computer can perform calculations that (j) __________ mathematicians would need years to complete. 14. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1× 10 =10 happen furious die spoil live execution know wit pleasant declare wretch unpleasant expire cause Once upon a time, there was a King who was very fond of (a) __________ his 'future from the astrologers. A famous astrologer (b) __________ to stop at his capital on his way to Benaras. The King called on him to know about his future and the astrologer told him something (c) __________. At this the King got (d) __________ 

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and condemned him to (e) __________ saying, "Men like you should not live to (f) __________ the peace of the world". But another thought had crossed his mind before the astrologer was removed for (g) __________ . "How long will you live ?" asked the King. With ready (h) __________ the astrologer said, "The stars (i) __________ that I shall die only a week before your majesty. So, good bye." Hearing this, the King turned pale like a dead man and shouted, "Drive this (j) __________ away, let him not come here again." 15. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1× 10 =10 conscious children she herself success educate domain holders family going daughter marriage social sure Educated girls are mostly service (a) _________, An educated woman being a career woman, marries later. As she is health (b) __________, she seeks medical attention sooner for her children, and herself. As a conscious woman, she wants to keep her (c) __________ small and therefore takes fewer (d) __________. As a result, she can provide better care and nutrition for herself and her children. Because of her taking proper care for (e) __________ and her children both' (f) __________ and children have higher probability of (g) __________. She can provide better education for her children. Her daughter also becomes (h) __________. Thus she becomes the mother of an educated girl. The life cycle of an educated girl keeps (i) __________ with the result that an educated girl begets an educated (j) __________. 16. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1× 10 =10 go have find lose die way consider prefer enjoy be dead preference take bound We find changes in amusement and entertainment that (a) __________ taken place over time. Common forms of entertainment like snake charming, puppet shows, jarigan (b) __________ popular in the past are gradually (c) __________ their appeal. They are (d) __________ out- We don't (e) __________ the existence of many of these. Now people like to (f) __________ TV. They (g) __________ concert, disco, pop, etc. All the changes that have (h) __________ place today are not (i) __________ good. Sometimes people are (j) __________ to receive some bad aspects of Western culture. 17. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1× 10 =10 issue consider beat law maltreat husband protect save education subservient In our society women have always been considered (a) _______ to men. The majority are being (b) _______ up usually by (c) __________ and women most often have no opinion. Their opinion is (d) __________ unnecessary even in such important (e) __________ as the number of children they would like have. Many of them (f) ________ by the husbands. To (g) ________ their rights the govt. has 

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introduced a new law. But (h) _________ sometimes cannot (t) ________ them. So what is more needed for them is to provide proper (j) __________. 18. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1× 10 =10 given matter borders life of written almost job means generation The use of English as a (a) ____________ of international communication has already crossed the national (b) __________ of America and Britain. In (c) __________ all countries of the world English has become very popular. Here in our Bangladesh, speaking English is a (d) __________ of honour and prestige. People, specially the young (e) __________ are very enthusiastic about learning English language. Moreover parents and guardians have also been quite conscious (f) __________ their children how to speak in English. In various fields of our (g) __________ person knowledgeable in English is (h) __________ high priority. In (i) __________ market, fluency in spoken as well as in (j) __________ English is a must. 19. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1× 10 =10 justice introduce benefit consider aware dominate because consequently unnoticed beat maltreat law Women in our society have always been subservient to men (a) __________ the majority of the houses are male (b) __________, usually by husbands. In many households women are (c) __________ by the husbands or (d) __________ by the inlaws. But their miseries go (e) __________ because women lack (f) __________ of their rights and do not know how and where to seek (g) ________ . To protect their rights government has (h) ________ the Women and Children's Repression Act and women are being (i) ________ by this new (j) _______. 20. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1× 10 =10 work going such one impediment afford ban search which additional dissuade domestic Child labour has been (a) __________ internationally by the U.N. To make a child do the work (b) _________ is suitable for a man is punishable. Yet in the third world countries the number of child labourer is (c) __________ up day by day. Bangladesh is (d) __________ of these countries. Though government is committed to (e) __________ rich people to engage children in labourious works, things are not so easy. Poverty is the first (f) __________ in this field. The poor parents want to get (g) __________ earning by employing their children in works. Nazrul is a child of (h) __________ kind of family. He came to Dhaka in (i) __________ of a living. Now he is (j) __________ in a garments factory. 21. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1× 10 =10 

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livelihood agriculture

supply industries

cause brings

consumption agricultural

decline depend

Bangladesh is an (a) __________ country. Most of the people of this country directly or indirectly (b) __________ on agriculture for their (c) __________. Many important (d) __________ depend on (e) __________ products. Agriculture (f) __________ food-stuff for human and animal (g) __________. Any (h) __________ in agricultural products (i) __________ economic depression in the country. Failure of crops (j) __________ sufferings to the entire people. 22. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1× 10 =10 light prosper bring discrimination removes deprive participation educate basic darkness remain make Education is the backbone of a nation. No nation can (a) __________ without education. Education (b) __________ our ignorance and gives us (c) __________ of knowledge. In respect of imparting education there should be no (d) __________ between men and women.' Education is one of the (e) __________ human rights. If we (f) __________ women of the right of education, almost half of our population will (g) __________ in (h) __________ . No development can be brought about in our society without the (i) __________ of women. The government of Bangladesh is doing everything to (j) __________ the womenfolk. 23. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1× 10 =10 down opposition all paid great out number idea majesty island in build Once there lived a king in an island. There were green trees everywhere (a) __________ the island. The king decided to (b) __________ a magnificent palace in the (c) __________. So he ordered his men to cut (d) __________ all the trees. Some opposed the (e) __________ of the king but his (f) __________ did not pay heed to their (g) __________. So, people were compelled to carry (h) __________ the king's order. They cut down (i) __________ the trees. As a result, a (j) __________ change took place in the climate of the island. 24. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1× 10 =10 change depend blessed become universe stage ushered anything can predominate science made We live in the age of (a) __________. In every (b) __________ of our life, we (c) __________ on science which has (d) __________ us with many gifts. By dint of science man has (e) __________ the master of the whole (f) __________ .In every sphere of life, science has (g) __________ in a new era of hope and prosperity. Today we cannot think of (h) __________ rather than science. But still the modern science (i) __________ not change the basic attitude towards the problem of our life. Superstitions, false notion and baseless beliefs still (j) __________ over us. 

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25. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1× 10 =10 provide save

essential plant

exist worst

comfort happy

ecology rescue

destroy recurrence

cause cut

Trees are one of the most (a) __________ components of our ecology. If no forest (b) __________ there will be no man to live on earth. Trees (c) __________ us with oxygen without which there will be no trace of life on earth. Trees also provide us with fuel and furniture to make our life (d) __________ on earth. But man is (e) __________ forests by cutting down trees at random. Only the destruction of forests can cause a serious (f) __________ imbalance. The recent (g) __________ of natural disasters all over the world may be the effect of ecological imbalance created by deforestation. We know that Bangladesh is the (h) __________ victim of natural disasters. So, we need to (i) __________ more and more trees to ( j) _________ our country as well as the whole world. 26. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1× 10 =10 become however

go son

anger want

help about

return reply

believe designed

went anything

One day a grocer borrowed a balance and weights from a fruit-seller. After some days the fruit-seller (a) ________ those back. The grocer then (b) ________ that those were eaten away by mice. The fruit-seller (c) __________ very angry to hear this lame excuse. But he did not show any sign of (d) __________ and consoled himself saying that it was his bad luck, (e) __________, after some days, the fruit-seller told the grocer that he was going to town for shopping and needed his son for (f) ______, He let him (g) __________ with the fruit-seller. The next day the fruit-seller (h) __________ alone from the town. The grocer asked him (i) __________ his son. Then the fruit seller replied that a crow had carried his (j) ________ away. 27. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1× 10 =10 rare orphanage great striking important sincere subterfuge responsible sudden heart assign woodshop Jerry was a boy of (a) _______ qualities. He was an orphan boy of twelve in the (b) __________ of the Carolina Mountains. The most (c) ________ quality is his integrity. He was very (d) ________ and did not like (e) _______. When the axe handle broke, he took the (f) _______ of his own fault. He was a boy of great (g) _________. Though he was (h) __________ only to chop wood, he did many other (i) __________ jobs for the authoress. He put some dry wood in the cubby hole so that she might use them in case of (j) __________ wet weather. 28. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1×10 =10 

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Moon ages

glorify different

mystery cherished

touch really

leap astronauts

foot present

Man has been trying through (a) __________ to get in (b) __________ with the .moon. He wanted to know what the moon (c) __________ was, whether there was life there, and if present, how it (d) __________ from life on earth. At last man's long (e) __________ dream came true on 20 July 1969 when Neil Armstrong, Edwin Aldrin and Michael Collins won the (f) __________ of first men landing on the moon. "It was a small step from man, One giant (g) __________ for mankind," said Armstrong as he set (h) __________ on the sandy surface of the moon. Scientists hope to discover the (i) __________ of moon by studying the samples of soil and rocks and photographs brought by the (j) __________. 29. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1 × 10 =10 eager joyous become remain festive favorite food want flood invite gift elders Children are very fond of festivals. They become very (a) __________ on a day of festival. If it is their birthday, their joys become over (b) __________. They become very (c) __________ to have wishes form their beloved persons. The whole day they (d) __________ to spend times in joy. Usually a child on its birthday, gets up early and tries to (e) __________closed to their parents, It (f) __________ a nice day, if it is presented anything very (g) __________to it. Children also want to have their friends (h) __________ to the in house on a festival. They expect to have a party. Their joys give pleasure to their (i) __________. We should try to keep the children always in a (j) __________ mind. 30. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1× 10 =10 prestige huge education indicate invention instituted certificate division treated material promote fame contribute research Every year the Nobel Prize is awarded for outstanding (a) __________ to the fields of science, literature, economics and for the (b) __________ of peace. It is the world's most (c) __________ prize. If there is more than one recipient, the prize money is (d) __________ equally among the winners. The prize was (e) __________ by Sir Alfred Nobel, the father of the science of destruction. He (f) __________ dynamite. Though Nobel was born in Sweden, he was (g) __________ in Russia. For this important invention, he became (h) __________ all over the world. He earned a (i) __________ sum of money. The prize is given from the interest of the money. The winners of the Nobel Prize are (j) __________ with great respect across the globe. 31. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1× 10 =10 fall new screams student close, condition studious, favour helpful marry keep busy Nazneen is a first year college (a) __________ and her annual examinations are (b) __________ at hand. She needs to (c) __________ a lot. However, conditions in her 

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house are not at all (d) __________. Her elder sister got (e) __________ last month and since then her share of the household chores has (f) __________ on her shoulders. On top of that, her aunt (her father's sister) has just had a (g) __________ baby boy. He (h) __________ all the time and (i) __________ everyone up late into the night. He keeps aunty so busy that she cannot (j) __________ with any of the housework. 32. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1× 10 =10 confusing timely shed marry visit difficulty festive concentration share family birth come The house of Nazneen's family hasn't yet (a) __________ its festive look which started with her sister's (b) __________. Since auntie's baby was (c) __________ they have had streams of guests (d) __________ the house. She is really worried about her (e) __________ exams. There's so much noise and (f) __________ in a house that she can hardly (g) __________ on her studies. It is very (h) __________ to study in a large family. She even has to (i) __________ her room with her younger brothers and sisters and at (j) __________ with her cousins. She wishes she were in a small family. 33. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1× 10 =10 awful problems

like rose

timely thought

happiness greener

busy live

publish late

Zinnia has read Nazneen's letter (a) __________ in your column on 5 January. She can understand Nazneen's (b) __________ about living in a large family, but things are not always (c) __________ in a small family either, as Nazneen seems to (d) __________. It appears the grass is always (e) __________ on the other side of the fence. From her experience, she knows how (f) __________ boring life can be in a nuclear family. She is also a college student (g) __________ Nazneen. She has a room of her own, and a lot of (h) __________ to herself. But still she is not (i) __________. Her parents are always (j) __________ with their work. Her only brother goes to university in the morning and comes back late in the evening. 34. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1× 10 =10 feel envy live hope do happiness talkative work wish movement tire make Everybody is too tired to (a) ________ when they get back. Also, when at home they are busy with their own (b) ________. So, the house is often much too quiet. She can't visit her friends even when she (c) ________ to, because it's not safe for girls to (d) ________ about alone in the city. She often (e) _________ very lonely and bored. She (f) ________ Nazneen. She wishes she could (g) _______ like her with grandparents, uncles, aunts, and cousin. She (h) _______ Nazneen realizes that having a small family (i) _________ not necessarily make one (j) __________. 

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35. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1× 10 =10 neighboring independent speaking tribe beauty situate nation tight wear brightness patterns wrap Myanmar is a (a) __________ country. Myanmar is (b) __________in south-east Asia, a (c) __________ of Bangladesh in fact. It gained (d) __________ from Britain in 1948. Almost all people (e) __________ the Myanmar language. There are a number of (f) __________ languages, too. Many speak English as well, the (g) __________ dress, for both men and women, is the longyi, a long (h) __________ wrapped skirt worn from the waist to the ankles. Women (i) __________ blouses and longyi which are of (J) __________colors and patterns. 36. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1× 10 =10 work parental closely write living former fame pray live rightful household think Moh Moh (a) ________ in the capital, Yangoon, which was (b) ________ known as Rangoon. It is (c) _______ for many pagodas which are the Buddhist (d) __________ houses. Like most city dwellers, they (e) _________ in a concrete house. Her father (f) __________ for the government. Her uncles from both her (g) __________ side live in villages and work on farmlands. They have (h) __________ ties with them and visit them during the holidays. She (i) __________ that women in her country have more (j) __________ than many other Asian women. In most families, the mother manages the finances and runs the household. 37. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1× 10 =10 married living culture give change give up yield find become embedded form line In the past, the common form of marriage among the various (a) __________ groups in Kenya was polygamy and the polygamous families were (b) __________ in extended family units consisting of a man, his several wives and their (c) __________ sons and children. But in line with the modern world, things are now (d) __________ there. The old custom of polygamous marriage is (e) __________ to the new practice of monogamy, although many polygamous families can still be (f) _________ in the rural areas of Kenya. Many monogamous Kenyans are now (g) __________ in nuclear families with their single spouses and their children. Many of them have (h) _________ up their pastoral lives and have (i) ________ wage earners in cities. But they can hardly (j) _________ their extended family and lineage connections back in their village. 38. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1× 10 =10 love working looking depend hopeful salary expensive cost rent real expensive income 

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Charles Karoro is a banker. His (a) __________ is okay but the day to day (b) __________ in Nairobi are pretty high. Both housing and food are (c) __________ in the capital. He has (d) __________ an apartment but it is (e) __________ too small for his family. Of course, it does not have a garden. So, his wife Maria, who (f) __________ gardening, can't grow anything. She can't go out to (g) __________ either because there's no one else in the house to (h) __________ after the children. So, the whole family (i) __________ on his income alone. He has great (j) __________ for his children and would like to send them to a good school. But good schools are very expensive. 39. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1× 10 =10 surely expectation staying realization love difficulty helpful needy educative hope problem income Charles Karoro is not (a) __________ how much he will be able to (b) __________them. Moreover, he is often in a fix about whether he should share his income with his brothers in the village who (c) __________help with their children's (d) __________ and other things, or use all his money on his own family. He has another problem too. His relatives often come to Nairobi (e) __________ to find jobs. They (f) __________ to move into his apartment and (g) __________ for long periods of time. They don't seem to (h) __________ that the cost of living is so high in the city. He (i) __________ his relatives a great deal but life can be very (j) __________ at times. 40. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1× 10 =10 within large see raise increase support importance earning productive work welfare industrial The present age is marked not only by the (a) __________ of the family as an economic and welfare institution but also by its (b) __________ importance as an arrangement for socializing and (c) __________ children and for the psychological (d) __________ of adults. There has been a wide disintegration of (e) __________ kin groups and an intensification of relationships (f) __________ the nuclear family. Moreover, the world is (g) __________ an increasing association of women with (h) __________ and with out of home activities. In the pre-industrial feudal society, both husbands and wives (i) __________ together in the fields and outside the home, However, in the industrial period, women were segregated from out-of-home (j) __________ work. 41. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1× 10 =10 share important activities do influence join income rested give power start place In the post-war period, women started (a) _______ the workforce and contributing to family (b) _______ and thus started exercising an (c) __________ in family affairs. Previously, authority in the family (d) __________ on the husband 

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who was the decision maker in all matters. But women, with their economic (e) __________, started influencing decisions about (f) __________ family matters. In developed countries now, household work is (g) __________ by both husbands and wives and outdoor (h) __________ like shopping and taking children to school, to doctors or for recreation are (i) __________ equally by both husbands and wives. Large extended families have (j) __________, and are still giving place to small, nuclear families. 42. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1× 10 =10 aware using communication spontaneously able develop acquisitive mother naturally usual competence language Communicative competence refers to the (a) _________ to use them appropriately in various circumstances. There are two ways of (b) __________ communicative competence in a language. The first is (c) __________ which is similar to the way people develop ability in their (d) __________ tongue. It is a (e) __________ subconscious process in which users are not (f) __________ aware of acquiring a language. They are (g) __________ only of the fact that they are (h) __________ the language for (i) __________. In non-technical terms, acquisition is 'picking up' a language (j) __________. It may also be called implicit learning. 43. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1× 10 =10 develop refer use talk conscious describe believe successful encourage practise design situations On the other hand, the second way of (a) __________ communicative competence in a language is learning that language. It (b) __________ to conscious knowledge of a second language, knowing the rules of language (c) __________, being aware of them and being able to (d) __________ about them. In non-technical terms, learning is to know (e) __________ about a language. It may be (f) __________ as explicit learning. Language specialists (g) __________ that acquiring a language is more (h) __________ and longer lasting than learning. Therefore, teachers these days (i) __________ learners of a second language to (j) __________ and experience the language in different situations where they are involved in communicating with others. And that is exactly what the tasks in this book are designed to do. 44. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1× 10 =10 need speak international use language information hold ask community provide show frequently Statistics show that about 350 million people (a) __________ English as a first language and another 300 million (b) __________ it as a second language. It is the official or semi-official (c) __________ in more than 60 countries and of many (d) __________ organizations. The International Olympic Committee, for example, always (e) __________ meetings in English. English helps the international (f) 

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__________ and the business world to communicate across national borders. Today, more than 80% of all the (g) __________ in the world's computers is in English, so organizations frequently (h) __________ employees who speak and write a standard form of English. In fact some companies (i) __________ English language training for their staff. It is therefore little wonder that job advertisements nowadays often (j) __________ for a good working knowledge of English. Many believe now that English usually helps them to get good jobs and better salaries. 45. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1× 10 =10 bought effective reading start wanted important fairly laughed how experiment experience several Two friends, Raghib and Adeeb, (a) ________ to learn how to ride a bicycle. Adeeb (b) _________ a book called "How to Ride a Bicycle" and started (c) __________ it. On the other hand, Raghib took out his bicycle on the street and (d) __________ trying to ride it. He fell off several times and Adeeb (e) __________ at him. However, by the time Adeeb finished the first chapter of his book, Raghib was riding his bicycle (f) __________ well. Adeeb knew (g) __________ the bicycle worked but did not know how to use it from first-hand (h) __________. Learning a language is like riding a bicycle. The most (i) __________ thing about any language is communication. You learn to communicate (j) __________ by using a language, by doing things with it and by experiencing it. 46. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1× 10 =10 concrete like wear favorite involve popular done swim hunt divided types quite In Canada recreational activities can be (a) ________ into two types-summer and winter activities. Canada is a very cold country with snow everywhere in winter. Skiing is therefore a (b) _________ sport at that time and involves sliding down mountain slopes (c) __________ a pair of skis. Snow boarding, which is very much (d) __________ skateboarding, is also a (e) __________ sports. The only difference between the two is that snow boarding is (f) _________ on snow while skateboarding is done on (g) ________, in summer people love to go fishing, boating or (h) ______ in places where there are large lakes or sea beaches. In other places, golf and tennis are quite popular. Many people also go (i) _______, hiking, camping, or bird watching for outdoor activities. Hiking (j) ________ going for a very long walk in the mountains or in the countryside. 47. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1× 10 =10 conduct leisure become work spare spend pursuit physically travel make major love For the Germans leisure has become a major (a) __________ .Formerly, Germans used to (b) __________ ten hours a day and six days a week and had very little time for (c) __________. But in modern times working hours in Germany have (d) 

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__________ shorter stretching over five days only. People have therefore more time to (e) __________ now than in the past. They are so interested in (i) __________ their free time effectively that there is even a German Leisure Association that (g) __________ research on leisure activities. The Germans love to (h) __________ and almost half of all adults in Germany have (i) __________ a trip outside the country just for pleasure and relaxation. There are also many sports centers where young people go for (j) __________ exercise. 48. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1× 10 =10 originated fond grow containers becomes normal careful high appearance contribute miniature remain Bonsai is the art of (a) __________ trees and other plants in small (b) __________ in such a way that it (c) __________ the miniature of a real tree. A Bonsai tree may be 10 years old but have a (d) __________ of one foot only. The art of Bonsai (e) __________ perhaps more than 1000 years ago in China. Early Japanese aristocrats also showed a (f) __________ for Bonsai and (g) __________ greatly to its development. Bonsai is different from (h) __________ pot planting as it is considered an art form. A Bonsai tree is (i) __________ shaped to remain small but still has the (j) __________ of a large tree. 49. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1× 10 =10 flow take largely help cut bottom spread allow container cover beauty tie Bonsai plant does not need (a) __________ pots but small containers and not much of soil. A Bonsai (b) __________ has holes in the bottom which are (c) __________ with small nets so that the soil does not (d) __________ out with the water. The plant is then (e) __________ out of its original pot and one-third of its root is (f) __________ out. It is then tied to the (g) __________ of the pot with the (h) __________ of wires. Soil is then (i) __________ over it to cover the container but about an inch of the root is (y) __________ to stay above the soil to enhance beauty. 50. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need:1 × 10 =10 classify planted coil allowed call woody popular grow allows particularly planter pastime The soft branches of Bonsai plant are (a) __________ with wires so that they are compelled to (b) __________ the way the planter wants them to grow. This (c) __________ the planter to give the tree a (d) __________ shape. A Bonsai plant is never (e) __________ to grow too high. In fact, Bonsai is (f) __________ in two ways. The style in which the plants are (g) __________ and shaped and their size. Plants that are less than 6 inches are (h) __________, miniature, 6-12 inches small 1224 inches medium, and those more than 24 inches are called large. Almost all (i) __________ plants can be grown as Bonsai. The art of Bonsai is now quite (j) __________ in many places of the world. For some people, it is not only an interesting pastime but also a money maker. 

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51. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1× 10 =10 open edge gather shed said tell niche call return hillock temple go Nambi's home was the little temple at the very (a) __________ of the village. He spent most of the day in the (b) __________ of the banyan tree that spread out its branches in front of the temple. On the nights he had a story to (c) __________, he lit a small lamp and placed it in a (d) __________ in the trunk of the banyan tree. Villagers as they (e) __________ home in the evening, saw this, went home and (f) __________ to their wives, "Now, now, hurry up with the dinner, the story teller is (g) __________ us." As the moon crept up behind the (h) __________, men, women, and children (i) ________ under the banyan tree. The storyteller would (j) ________ the story with a question. 52. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1× 10 =10 ended see consider bright go quoted prayer ready peeped repeat month life The light in the niche would again be (a) _________ two or three days later, and again and again throughout the (b) __________ half of the month. On the day when the story (c) __________, the whole crowd would (d) __________ into the temple and (e) __________ before the goddess. By the time the next moon (f) __________ over the hillock, Nambi was (g) __________ with another story. He never (h) __________ the same story or brought in the same set of persons and the village folk (i) __________ Nambi a sort of miracle. They (j) __________ his words of wisdom and lived in kind of an elevated plane even though their daily life in all other respects was hard and drab. 53. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1× 10 =10 came go begin lived pathetic beyond present beginning words lamp take story And it had (a) __________ on for years and years. One moon, he lit the (b) __________ in the tree. The audience (c) __________. The old man took his seat and (d) __________ the story. ".when king Vikramaditya (e) __________, his minister was....." He paused. He could not go (f) __________ it. He made a fresh (g) __________ and then again his (h) __________ trailed off in a vague mumbling. "What has come over me?" He asked (i) __________. "Am I tired? Wait a moment. I will tell you the story (j) __________ ". 54. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1× 10 =10 sudden utter stare head patient rise except come assembled hard ground word 

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Following this, there was (a) __________ silence. Eager faces waited (b) __________ but the story wouldn't come. Nambi sat (c) __________ on the ground bowing his (d) __________. When he looked up again all the people had gone (e) __________ his friend Mari. "Tomorrow I will make it up. Age, age it has come on me (f) __________ ". He lit the lamp” again in the niche the next day. The crowd (g) __________ under the banyan tree. Again the story wouldn't (h) __________. He struggled (i) __________. He stammered. The audience (j) __________ without a word and went home. 55. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1× 10 =10 Warning Cut Rise Anticipation Habitats Increase Extinction Recklessly Severe Imperative Particularly Catastrophe Provide alarming The destruction of forests and other (a) ___________ is causing the (b) ____________ of various plants and animals every day. In the last 25 years alone the world has lost one third of its natural wealth. Forests are being (c) __________ down. Moreover, they are being burnt (d) __________ resulting in an (e) __________ in carbon dioxide and ultimately the water level is (f) __________ as a consequence of global, (g) __________. It is (h) __________ that the new century will face an overwhelming environment (i) __________. It is therefore (j) __________ to check the' reckless pollution of the environment. 56. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need:1 × 10 =10 through holiday season back celebrated own observe occasion logic confine color wear celebration begin Today the New Year is (a) ___________ all over the world on January 1. but this was not the case a few hundred years (b) ________ widespread acceptance of January is (c) _______ only within the past four hundred years. The celebration of the new year is the oldest of all (d) _________ it was first (e) ________ in ancient Babylon in the years around 2000 B.C. The Babylonian New Year (f) _________ with the first New Moon. The beginning of spring is a (g) _______ time to start a new year. It is the (h) ________ of rebirth and of planting new crops. The Babylonian New Year (i) ________ lasted for eleven days. Each day had its (j) ________ particular mode of celebration. 57. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1× 10 =10 for have be compare undergo enter over high that depend cover than Higher education in England has (a) __________ a radical change. One in three students now (b) __________ higher education (c) __________ with one, in six in 1989. The number of postgraduates also (d) __________ increased. There (e) __________ some 90 universities in Britain (f) __________ offer courses in a wide range of subjects. Over 95% of students on first degree and other comparable (g) __________ education courses receive government awards (h) __________ tuition fees. Parents also contribute the amount (i) __________ on their income. Students 

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from abroad have to pay very high tuition fees, nearly three times more (j) __________ local students. 58. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1× 10 =10 is earn able have educate educate enhance provide live provided plan develop attribute spend carry out Education (a) __________ one of the basic needs of human being and essential for any kind of development. The, poor socio-economic condition of Bangladesh can largely be (b) __________ to the most people's inaccessibility to education. Many illiterate people do not (c) __________ any knowledge of health, sanitation and population control. If they were educated, they could (d) __________ a healthy and planned life .Education teaches us how to (e) __________ well and how to (f) __________ well. It (g) __________ us to make the right choices in life and to perform our duties properly. It (h) __________ our ability to raise crops, store food, protect the environment and carry out our social responsibilities. It is only education which can help us to adopt a rational attitude. It (i) __________ us with an enlightened awareness about things and this awareness is the prerequisite for social development. In fact, education (j) __________ a human being with all essential qualities. 59. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1× 10 =10 indulge obey monogamy living child change economic solvent positive consist matrimony nuclear kin culture although Family is a group of kith and related to each other by blood or by (a) __________ tie. A family may be nuclear with their parents and their (b) __________or extended, when a large group of relatives (c) __________ together or in close contact with each other. In Bangladesh with the structure of the family the father is respected and (d) __________ by the children and from mother, they expect tenderness and (e) __________. Today most adults in the country, prefer (f) __________ and (g) __________ family (h) __________ this tends to increase the number of households it has its (i) ___________ aspect particularly for the management and economic (J) __________ of a family. 60. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1× 10 =10 iron versatility eleven curve world multipurpose recognize difference use contribute play constructive The Jamuna Multi-purpose Bridge and the iron Bridge are the two (a) __________ bridges. But one is (b) __________ from the other in some perspectives. The Jarnuna Bridge is the (c) __________ longest bridge in the world, whereas, the iron Bridge is the world's first (d) __________ bridge. Pillars and spans have been used to (e) __________ the Jamuna Bridge. On the other (f) __________ arches have been used 

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in the Iron Bridge instead of straight pillars. The Jamuna Bridge is constructed with various materials (g) __________ modern technology. But the iron Bridge is remarkable for the (h) __________ use of iron. The Iron Bridge has been declared World Heritage Site because of its outstanding (i) __________to the development and industrialization, whereas, the Jamuna Bridge is not (j) __________ as a World Heritage Site in spite of its important role in different sectors. 61. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1× 10 =10 exploit pay capital small get co-operation hand nations lot customs market scope Actually globalization helps in building (a) __________. Taking the advantage of globalization foreign countries use the labour of the poor countries with the lowest (b) __________. In the name of globalization, the capitalist countries are getting richer and richer by (c) __________ the cheap labour of the labourers. But globalization can help the poor a (d) __________ if wishes. So, the industrially developed countries should come forward to extend their (e)__________for developing nations. They should create (f) __________ of employment for the poor countries. 62. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1× 10 =10 trained about essential great abacus fairly large device recent sense refers called Computer is a fairly (a) _________ invention. It has now become an (b) __________ part of modern life. It has greatly benefited us and brought (c) __________ revolutionary changes in our life. Any (d) __________ that helps people perform mathematical calculation may be (e) __________ a computer, In this sense, the (f) __________ is a simple computer. Today however the term computer (g) __________ to special kind of electronic machine that can perform mathematical calculations and process (h) __________ masses of information at a (i) __________ speed. In a few minutes a computer can perform calculation that (j) __________ mathematicians would need years to complete. 63. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1× 10 =10 extinct destroy cause particularly important cover living destruct danger face destruction threat Humans, animals and plants are all (a) __________ elements of the natural environment. But humans are cruelly (b) __________ plants and animals and thereby creating a (c) __________ for us all. The destruction of forests and other habitats is (d) __________ the extinction of various plants and animals every day. These losses are (e) _________ severe in the areas of tropical forest with (f) _______only 7% of the surface of the globe, but which provide the (g) _______ space for between 50% and 80% of all or wildlife. Many wild animals and birds are (h) __________ with the threat of (i) __________ today. Their decline has been accelerated by the (j) __________ of their feeding and nesting places by the collection of eggs, and above 

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all by the widespread use of chemicals and pesticides which enter their food chains leading to sterility and mass deaths. 64. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1× 10 =10 undertake illiterate send educate progress complete courage prerequisite backbone education serious enlighten rational Frustrate Education is the (a) _________ of a nation. A nation cannot make (b) __________ if a large section of her people are illiterate. Illiteracy is a curse. It (d) __________ all the development works of a country. Illiteracy has become a (e) __________ problem in our life. Again, primary (f) __________ is the foundation of basic education. Without giving basic education to our children. We cannot be an (g) __________ nation. So everybody should (h) __________ his children to primary school. Our government has (i) __________ some steps to wipe out (j) __________. That is why, the government has made the primary education free and compulsory for all. 65. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1× 10 =10 think distress seem develop make ensure get mutual neighbor familiar treat communicate As the world's communication system is (a) __________ day by day, the world (b) __________ smaller. For the development of communication system, now we can easily (c) __________ with the people of other countries within a moment. Now the world (d) __________ to be a village and the countries seem to be families. If we develop our (e) __________ understanding and co-operation, we can (f) __________ our world a better place. We should never (g) __________ other as enemies but friends. As a friend we should (h) __________ immediate help to other countries in their (i) __________ and sorrows. We should take them to be our (j) __________. 66. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1× 10 =10 vital harmful insecticides poison vehicles safe unsafe rubbish

impure

responsibility

water

view

insects

solvent

(a) __________ is one of the (b) __________ elements of environment. It is always being polluted by different kinds of wastes and filth. Farmers are (c) __________ for water pollution from the point of (d) __________ that their used fertilizers and (e) __________ are mixing with water by rain and flood. Again mills and factories are throwing (f) __________ chemicals into water (g) __________ leave oil, food and human waste into water. Sanitary latrines and (h) __________ drains also play a role in polluting water. The air is always being polluted by (i) __________ and toxic industrial waste. It is also being polluted by the (j) __________ smoke from different sources. 67. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1× 10 =10 

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income change

interest question

ask talk

cultural understood

introduce find

Hospitality has long been a part of our (a) __________ in Bangladesh. Although many other things are (b) __________ now, people are still quite polite and friendly towards foreigners. They like to (c) __________ to foreigners even if they have not been (d) __________. It is quite common for Bangladesh to (e) __________ personal questions about family, jobs and (f) __________ which visitors from overseas might (g) __________ it awkward. However it should be (h) __________ that no harm is meant by such . On the other hand, they express a genuine (j) __________ to the foreigner. 68. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1 × 10 =10 burn towards real because space energy present gravity stars begin pinpoint light Black holes are produced by huge (a) __________. They are called black holes not (b) __________ there are real holes in (c) _________ but because they can not be seen as there is no (d) _________ coming out of them. When after (e) _________ for billions of years stars reach the end of their lives, their (f) _________ does not disappear. The burning core becomes very small like a (g) _________ but its weight is as much as a star. It also has tremendous (h) _________ and this gravity pulls (i) __________ it everything that comes near it. Although black holes can not be seen through telescopes their (j) ________ can be identified. They are like gigantic magnets in space. 69. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1 × 10 =10 consider grow cause measure call sound tolerable more normal take noisy use name aware Decibel is the (a) __________ of the unit by which we (b) __________ the loudness of sound. The normal (c) __________ limit of sound is 45 decibels. So we can (d) __________ up to 45 decibels of sound as pleasant. When the vibration of sound is (e) __________ than 45 decibels, we (f) __________ it noise. Noise (g) __________ serious harm to us. A study in Japan (h) __________ that primary school teaching is one of the (i) __________ occupations. Public (j) __________ can control sound pollution to a great extent, 70. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1 × 10 =10 use know captives desert next thought Pharaohs ever believed give help graves The pyramids are the tombs of the kings of ancient Egypt. The kings were called (a) __________. The pyramids are the biggest stone building (b) __________ made. About 4000 men were (c) __________ to build each pyramid. They had simple tools of wood and copper. But no one (d) __________ how they cut heavy blocks of stone and moved it. Perhaps thousands of slaves and (e) __________ were forced to do it. 

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The Egyptians (f) __________ that when a man dies his spirit goes to the Land of Dead. They like a (g) __________ on earth. So when a person died, the Egyptians (h) __________ food drink clothes, jewelry and even chariots in the tomb. This was to (i) __________ the spirit of the dead person in the (j) __________ world. 71. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1 × 10 =10 speak work wholly wages around poor dawn inadequate alone lead garment ill Worker may be male or female. In our country most of the garment workers are female. There are (a) __________ ten lac female workers (b) __________ in garment factories. But a garment worker is (c) __________ paid and he or she (d) __________ a sub-human life. The amount of wages, he or she gets is quite (e) __________ .Moreover, a garment worker has to work from (f) __________ to dusk. Such (g) __________ workers never (h) __________ can speak against the authority. The wages that he or she gets is not sufficient to buy the necessaries let (i) __________ supporting the (j) __________ family. 72. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1 × 10 =10 feeling Air-conditioned pay sell import stand department haggling appear manage probably tradition There are shops in most localities of small and big towns which (a) __________ both local and (b) __________ goods. There are some modern shopping centres with large (c) __________ stores in the big cities while some (d) __________, self-service shops have also (e) __________ . In the local markets, traditional (f) __________ is still rampant. However, if you are a foreigner, you do not (g) __________ a chance to win. Even if you have (h) __________ to reduce half the asking price and are (i) __________ very pleased with yourself, chances are that you have probably (j) __________ double the normal price. 73. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1 × 10 =10 symbolizes society twelve root tradition festivals adage contribution search arrange because seasons activities people Bangladesh is famous for her various festivals. There is an (a) ___________ in Bangladesh : thirteen festivals in the span of (b) __________ months. Festivals (c) __________ the ritualistic aspect of festivity. There are obviously (d) __________ almost every month. These festivals have relevance to the (e) __________ and to the religious anti cultural (f) __________ of the people. Festivals are (g) __________ for the people. They encourage local handicraft and (h) __________ music. Most importantly they (i) __________ to the generation of popular discourse. This binds the (j) __________ together.

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74. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1 × 10 =10 undergo cause likely heat pollution going increase around gradually ocean waste circle The climate of the world is (a) __________ a great change. The world's temperature is (b) __________ day by day. This Increase in global warming is (c) __________ by increased amount of Carbon dioxide (d) __________ the earth. The greenhouse effect is the (f) __________ warming of the atmosphere as a result of (g) __________ being trapped by environmental pollution. The (h) __________ are also affected because of (i) __________ caused by human waste and industrial (j) __________ products. 75. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1 × 10 =10 measure receiving takes importance other important process help decision closer sign up proper Bangladesh Government has taken a correct (a) __________ about submarine cable connection. On September 2, 2002, a meeting was held to (b) __________ the deal. It is undoubtedly an (c) __________ step towards further progress in our ICT sector. It will make the developed countries (d) __________ to us. If the exchange of information (e) __________ place regularly, we will be benefited. But proper (f) __________ should be taken. We should give (g) __________ to our ability and future. Then only it will (h) __________ us to get a profit. So, we should look forward to (i) __________ cooperation from (j) __________ countries. 76. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1 × 10 =10 tops affected happened standstill long occurred stopped record time washed risen greatly The flood that had (a) __________ in 2004 in our country broke all the (b) __________ of the past. Water level had never (e) __________ so high. The duration of the flood was also very (d) __________. Normal activities were (e) __________ for a long time. A large number of people became homeless. The miseries of the (f) __________ people knew no bounds. Crops were (g) __________damaged. Cattle and many other things were (h) __________ away. Thousands of people took shelter on the (i) __________ of the roofs, boats and embankments. Life came to a (j) __________. 77. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1 × 10 =10 light prosper bring discrimination removes deprive participation educate basic darkness remain engage Education is the backbone of a nation. No nation can (a) __________without education. Education (b) __________ our ignorance and gives us (c) __________ of knowledge. In respect of imparting education there should be no (d) __________ between men and women. Education is one of the (e) __________human rights. If we 

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(f) __________ women of the right of education, almost half of our population will (g) __________ in (h) __________. No development can be brought about in our society without the (i) __________ of women. The government of Bangladesh is doing everything to (j) __________ womenfolk. 78. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1 × 10 =10 down opposition all oppose great out Number idea majesty island in build Once there lived a king in an island. There were green trees everywhere (a) __________ the island. The king decided to (b) __________ a magnificent palace in the (c) __________. So he ordered his men to cut (d) __________ all the trees. Some opposed the (e) __________ of the king but his (f) __________did not pay heed to their (g) __________. So, people were compelled to carry (h) _________ the king's order. They cut down (i) _________ the trees. As a result, a (j) __________ change took in the climate of the island. 79. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1 × 10 =10 change depend blessed become universe stage ushered anything can predominate science made We live in the age of (a) __________. In every (b) __________of our life, we (c) __________ on science which has (d) __________ us with many gifts. By dint of science man has (e) __________ the master of the whole (f) __________ .In every sphere of life, science has (g) __________ a new era of hope and prosperity. Today we cannot think of (h) __________ rather than science. But still the modern science (i) __________ not change the basic attitude towards the problem of our life. Superstitions, false nation and baseless beliefs still (j) __________ over us. 80. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1 × 10 =10 depressed encouraged daunt launched challenges alternative choice unsuccessful determination leading passionate worthy Rozia Chowdhury loves (a) __________ and when it comes to pursuing her goal, nothing can (b) __________ her (c) __________ and courage. Today she is one of the (d) __________women of our country. In the early seventies when professional women were not (e) __________ to seek jobs of their own (f) __________, Ms Chowdhury (g) __________ her own advertising agency, Adcom Ltd. Now, this is one of the biggest advertising firms of Bangladesh. She says that there is no (h) __________ to hard work and there is no shortcut to success. She adds that everyone should also be (i) __________ about her work, otherwise she will be (j) __________ and that will affect her work and performance. 81. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1 × 10 =10 moment man young university tradition up to date technology 

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happy

regret

change

great

adapt

feel

cope

The trend in higher education is (a) __________ nowadays. People at present are not busy with (b) ___________ form of reading. To (c) __________ with the changing needs of the time we must (d) __________ ourselves with the main stream of life. The need of information technology is (e) __________ throughout the whole world. Scientific and (f) __________ knowledge is necessary at the present (g) __________. We must be very (h) __________ in our thinking. A (i) __________ of today is to face a (j) __________ competition than a youth of yesterday. 82. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1 × 10 =10 come encourage cook pay about pick cut put borrow mortify oneself money have lend We waited for the asparagus to be (a) __________. Panic seized me. It was not a question now how much (b) __________ I should have left for the rest of the month, but whether I (c) __________ enough to pay the bill. It would be (d) __________ to find myself ten francs short and obliged to (e) __________ from my guest. I Could not bring (f) __________ to do that. I knew exactly how much I had and if the bill (g) __________ to more I made up my mind that I would (h) __________ my hand in my pocket and with a dramatic cry start up and say it had been (i) __________. Of course, it would be awkward if she had not money enough either to pay the bill. Then the only thing would be to leave my watch and say I would come back and (j) __________ later. 83. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1 × 10 =10 employ effect reduction plan rose poor importance lend growth international rural emphasize reduce raise Micro-finance institutions have a great (a) __________ in Bangladesh. Grameen Bank is one of them which has (b) __________ recognition. It (c) __________ money to the poor women specially the (d) __________ women. It (e) __________ the need to develop skills and (f) __________ consciousness among them. It creates (g) __________ opportunities for rural poor women. This institution has a positive (h) __________ on their economic variables and family (i) __________. It also helps to (j) __________ their poverty. 84. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1 × 10 =10 corners make towards Moghul pick up graves moonlit build surround lie from marble pool architecture It has been over three hundred years since Emperor Shah Jahan of Delhi (a) __________ the Taj Mahal as a tomb for his wife in Agra. (b) __________ it is still one of the most beautiful buildings in the world. The building is (c) __________ of fine white (d) __________ with inlays of coloured marble. It has eight sides and many open arches. It rests on a platform. Four slender white towers rise from the (e) 

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__________ of the terrace. There is a large dome above the centre of the building. Just inside the outer walls, there is an open corridor (f) __________ which visitor can look through carved marble screens into a central room. The bodies of Shah Jahan and his wife (g) __________ in two (h) __________ below this room. It is (i) __________ by a beautiful garden and there is a long (j) __________ in front of the building. 85. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1 × 10 =10 run quick colours attention slow speed wonderful face impact danger mountainous closure site region The Toy Train is a (a) __________. It moves (b) __________ as it runs over a mountain. Its wagons are of various (c) __________ which have drawn the (d) __________ of the passengers. Though the Toy Train is called so because of its (e) __________ and colourful wagons, it bears a great economic (f) __________ of a multi-colour region. It is a good transportation system over (g) __________ tracks. The Toy Train faced (h) __________ for its sudden (i) __________. However it was operated again when it was declared as a World Heritage (j) __________. 86. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1 × 10 =10 services including communication world travel have Maintain unforeseen regularly open people Disruptions The whole country has a fairly good (a) __________ network now. Anybody can (b) __________ to most places now by bus or train. The major cities (c) __________ air links too. Some cities have (d) __________ flights, in most cases more than one flight, from and to Dhaka. However, time schedules are not often (e) __________ strictly and there may be disruptions due to (f) __________ causes. Cyber cafés have (g) __________ up in the major cities which provide internet services (h) __________ e-mail, quite cheaply to everyone visitors. Internet (i) __________ have also opened up some of Dhaka's daily newspapers to people anywhere in the (j) _________ . 87. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1 × 10 =10 put on foreigner gather observe add wear dress visitor with dislike slipper cover hotter find It has been (a) __________ that most of the time in Kuwait, men and women wear their traditional dress. Normally the male members are in the habit of (b) __________ a long robe with a piece of cloth (c) __________ the head. The same dress with an (d) __________ of a veil on the head is generally used by the women. The male persons who visit Kuwait as (e) __________ usually wear light weight cotton trousers and white shirts (f) __________ short or long sleeves. Sometimes men use (g) __________ at day but they (h) __________ to wear them during the office hours. 

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But for social (i) __________ they are fond of wearing jacket and a tie. Again during the hottest days they do not (j) __________ jacket. 88. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1 × 10 =10 reserve emotions reputation obvious behaviour behave meet on introduction embrace simply notice overseas towards The British have a (a) __________ for keeping their (b) __________ private and for being (c) __________ in their public (d) __________. There are some (e) __________ things that people from (f) __________ notice in British behaviour. For example, on public transport, people do not usually talk to other passengers. (g) __________ first meeting, people do not (h) __________ and often (i) __________ shake hands on a first (j) __________. 89. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1 × 10 =10 exist consider have amuse lose All entertainment find die prefer exchange fade willing be We find change in (a) __________ and (b) __________ that have taken place over time. Common forms of entertainment like snake charming, puppet shows, jarigan, which (c) __________ popular in the past, are gradually (d) __________ their appeal. They are (e) __________ out. We don't find the (f) __________ of these. Now people like to watch T.V. They (g) __________ concert, disco, pop etc. All the changes that (h) _____________ taken place today are not (i) ____________ good. Sometimes people are (j) __________ to receive some bad aspects of western culture. 90. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1 × 10 =10 study from send away position them for allows around speed observe moves rotate carry A 'Geo-stationary' orbit moves in a big circle (a) __________ from the earth. It allows a satellite to rotate at the same (b) _________ that the earth rotates so that it stays at the same (c) __________ over the earth all the time. This is useful (d) __________ television and navigation. The 'polar' orbit circle (e) __________ the earth's poles, so that the entire earth can be scanned to (f) __________ weather conditions. However, the one mostly favoured by scientists is the 'Low Earth' orbit because it allows (g) __________ to carry out spaces investigations. An 'Eccentric' orbit on the other hand (h) __________ a satellite to rotate at different distances (i) __________ the earth and send information from different angles. This is useful for (j) __________ magnetic and electrical fields. 91. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1 × 10 =10 awareness use decibel increasing expose pollution expressed limit harsh serious developed 45 sound harmful 

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The loudness of sound is measured by a unit called a (a) __________. Normal tolerance limit of sound is (b) __________ decibel. When it is tolerable and at pleasant level, it is simply called (c) ________ . But when it is sharp and (d) __________ to the ears it becomes noise. (e) __________ harm can be caused to people if they are regularly (f) __________ to sounds exceeding 70 decibels. The growth of urban population and the (g) __________ use of machines in our everyday life badly affect the level of sound around us. Many (h) __________ countries are trying to control sound (i) __________ by careful town planning and developing public (j) __________ . 92. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1 × 10 =10 reputation important consider expect lately offer means academic relaxed accept apology arrive In many places in' Latin America, being 45 minutes (a) __________ for an appointment is not (b) __________ late at all. In this situation, an apology would not be (c) __________. If an hour late, a person might (d) _________a mumbled apology. In Britain and the USA, punctuality is considered very (e) _________. The British and the Americans have a (i) __________ for punctuality and it is true that in business and (g) _________ life, keeping to time is an (h) _________ cultural value. However, in their social life it is a bit (i) _________. Whereas meeting to see a film at 8 p.m. (j) _________ arriving at 8 p.m. arranging to visit someone's home for dinner at 8 p.m. probably means arriving at 8.10 or 8. 20. 93. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1 × 10 =10 see intimate think place consider friend embrace frequent shake meet greet good In Latin America, the handshake is (a) __________ as an impersonal greeting or farewell. It is (b) __________ cold and unfriendly for two men only to (c) __________ hands if they are good friends. A somewhat more (d) __________ gesture is the left hand (e) __________ on another man's shoulder during a handshake. An (f) __________ and warm greeting is the double abrazo, in which two men (g) __________ by placing their arms around each other's shoulders. During conversation, a Latin American man will (h) __________ hold the other person's arm with his hand. In rural Appalachia when two men who are good friends (i) __________ , they hit each other on the shoulder. The happier they are to (j) __________, each other, the harder they hit. 94. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1 × 10 =10 origin develop celebrate progress range involving hold see maintain being influences Tradition Different cultures all over the world (a) ________ events at different times of the year. These (b) ________ from small family occasions honouring such things as births, marriages and deaths to week long festivals (c) ________ thousands of people. 

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These various celebrations have their (d) ________ in history, tradition, religion and politics. Some have (e) ________ little over the centuries and reflect the traditions, values and myths of earlier generations. Some (f) _______ this as a sign of society being unwilling to change and (g) ______. Others see it an essential way of (h) ______ traditions and interest in their culture. On the other hand, other festivals have (i) _______ and adapted to change while absorbing influences from the societies in which they are (j) ________. 95. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1 × 10 =10 hold independence introduce celebrate caught splendid work take take explode carnival excitement The Rio carnival was (a) __________ into Brazil by the Portuguese in 1641 to (b) __________their (c) __________ from Spanish domination. The first carnival was (d) __________ in Rio de Janeiro and lasted a week but was nowhere near as (e) __________ as the current 96 hour phenomenon. Today, the carnival (f) __________ over Rio de Janeiro for four days of continuous celebration when the city (g) __________ with music, dancing and excitement. Individuals leaving (h) __________, going shopping or simply sight-seeing are immediately (i) __________ up in the street dancing, parades, and music, and become a part of groups (j) __________ over the streets. 96. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1 × 10 =10 costumes Acceptable Try Organize play Dance Perform Important Live Named School Music These groups are perhaps the most (a) __________ element of the Rio carnival. They are (b) __________ by the Samba schools and each school (c) __________ to outdo the others by (d) __________ specially composed samba music, (e) __________ samba dances and wearing extravagant (f) __________ . There is a prize for the best samba (g) __________ and winning it is very prestigious. The schools are neighbourhood associations of residents (h) __________ in the suburbs of Rio de Janeiro. Each school is (i) __________ after its suburbs and involves from 1 to 3 thousand residents in (j) __________, singing and playing music in the parades. 97. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1 × 10 =10 violation kill consider martyrdom spread join locked rush imposed injured attain take Shaheed Dr. Shamsuzzoha is (a) _____ to be the 'first intellectual who attained (b) _____ during the pre-liberation period of Bangladesh. Following the (c) _____ of Sergeant Zohurul Haque in prison by the Ayub Khan government on 15th February 1969 a flame of protest (d) _____ throughout erstwhile East Pakistan. On February 17, Section 144 was (e) _____on Rajshahi city. The students of Rajshahi University who had (f) _____ the protest, took out a procession in (g) _____ of Section 144 and were (h) _____ in a clash with police in front of the residence of the Principal of Rajshahi Medical College. As a result, several students were (i) _____. On hearing 

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this. Dr. Zoha, a professor of Chemistry and Proctor of the University, (j) _____ to the spot and took the injured students to hospital. 98. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1 × 10 =10 doused grow deploy violate kept go request jump set scale prepare park Next morning, on February 18, tension (a) _____ on the campus. The students were preparing to (b) _____ Section 144 again. The armed forces were (c) _____ in front of the University main gate, which was (d) _____ locked to prevent the agitating students from (e) _____out. The students however started to (f) _____ over the gate and to (g) _____ the walls. Seeing this the teachers (h) _____ the guard on duty to open the gate. Meanwhile the students (i) _____ a parked army jeep with kerosene and (j) _____ it on fire.



Vocabulary Test Without Clues

PART B: VOCABULARY Fill in the blanks for practice for question no.- 10 1. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap.

1x10=10

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Man is (a) _________. To everybody death comes sooner or (b) ________. But it

matters (c) _________ if a man lives a few years more or less than another. Our life is not (d) _________ by months or years. It is truly measured by our (e) _________ and affections. The people who live only for their own (f) _________, die unhonoured and are not remembered after their (g) _________ . But those who sacrifice their (h) _________ to the service of (i) _________ live in the hearts of men after their death. Though they do not live in the midst of living men, they are remembered for (j) _________ by all. 2. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 A well (a) _________ of communication plays an important role in the (b) _________ development of a country. Again this good communication system (c) _________ the development of railway. In the early 19th century railway communication (d) _________ much. It played a vital role in (e) _________ goods and passengers. Then transportation system was not so developed as it is (f) _________ . Then railway was the (g) _________ way of communication. Even today people like to travel by train with a view to (h) _________ natural scenes and because it is (i) _________ than any other mode of communication. Goods and commodities are (j) _________ easily.

3. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 When an author tells (a) _________ something exciting or interesting that he has seen, he is like a (b) _________ of history. His story is a (c) _________ one. It is a piece of real life. It is said that one can write only from the (d) _______ of his own life. When he begins to write about other (e) ________ live, however, he meets with difficulties. He does not really (f) _________ what other people think, though he may (g) _________ what other people do ; and so must imagine a great (h) _________. If he can (i) _________ the actions and ideas of other people and make them seem true, he should be (j) _________ to write a successful play or story.

4. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 For international communication a common language is (a) _________ . There are many (b) _________ for which English has achieved the (c) _________ of being that language. Now English has (d) _________ the national borders to (e) _________ people who speak other languages. It is no longer the (f) _________ possession of British or American or other native speakers, but a language that belongs to (g) _________ people. This phenomenon has led to a (h) _________ variety of English around the world. As more and more people speak English, more and more varieties have (i) _________ which are strongly (j) _________ by the pronunciation, grammar and idioms of the respective mother tongues. 5. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Learning from books is only one part of (a) _________ . Traveling is (b) _______ part. What we read in history books becomes (c) ________ and real when we visit a (d) _______ place. Traveling makes us (e) ________ with other places and other people. Long ago traveling was an (f) ______. But today we have travel agencies to (g) _________ us. The old (h) _________ of traveling for pilgrimage has changed. Modern traveling is less expensive and more (i) _________ . In order that 

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traveling may be (j) _________ there are tourist guides at all important touristspots. 6. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 It is disturbing fact that several species of wild animals in the world are in danger of extinction. The reasons for this are many. But we must blame mainly pollution, the disturbance of the animals (a) _________ environment and man's (b) _________ and thoughtlessness. An increase in (c) _________ has meant more building. The need for building material has destroyed much of the (d) _________ that provide a habitat for wild animals. This is having a (e) _________ consequence on man and animal alike. We can see today that in satisfying man's (f) _________ desires, the (g) _________ and the deer in the forests of Bangladesh are under (h) _________ . However, we cannot let this (i) ________ continue. We must take action to (j) ________our endangered wild life. 7. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Family is a group (a) _________ of parents and their children. Parents (b) _________ means father and mother of a person and the children are (c) _________ of the parents. Parents and children are closely (d) ________ with each other in (e) _________ with blood, love and (f) _________. The loving care of the parents is (g) _________ to the children to (h) _________ when they are baby or very young. The parents (i) _________ children, nourish them and (j) take _________ of their health. 8. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 The Government of Germany is now more (a) _________ in matters of citizenship of foreigners. They have (b) _________ a new law to this effect. This law (c) _________ into force in 1st January, 2000. This law has made the process of naturalisation easier, as per this law the children (d) _________ _ of non-German parents will get citizenship at birth. Again, (e) _________ citizenship is not accepted in Germany. By the age of 23, they must let the authorities (f) _________ about their decision. If the adult non-German want to apply for citizenship they must be so solvent to (g) _________ their families from their own source. They also should have good (h) _________ in the eye of law and good (i) _________ of German language. Besides, military service for short period is (j) _________ in Germany. 9. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Everybody knows that death is inevitable (a) _________ all. No matter how much one tries to (b) _________ it, it comes only (c) _________ in life. Many are so much (d) _________ of it that they dare not face risks of any kind. They allow wrongs to continue, and work (e) _________ their conscience for fear of harm. Extremely miserable is the life of such (f) _________ . There are persons, however, who are not afraid of (g) _________. They (h) _________ risks for a noble cause at the cost of their lives. They feel that since there is no (i) _________ from death, it is better to die nobly than (j) _________ . 10. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 There lived a happy cobbler who (a) _________ his days in working and singing from morning till (b) _________ . One day his neighbour, a rich banker, asked him, "How (c) _________ do you earn a year?" The cobbler replied, "How much a 

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year, sir? I never count in that way living as I do from (d) _________ to mouth. But somehow each day brings its meal and I am (e) ________" The banker said, "I have resolved to place you above the fear of want. Take these hundred rupees, (f) _________ them carefully and use them in (g) _________ of need. The cobbler (h) _________ had never seen so much (i) _________ at a time in his (j) _________ before. He hurried home and buried his treasure in the earth. But alas! he buried his happiness with it too. 11. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 If we (a) _________ forests and (b) _________ down trees, the effects might eventually (c) _______ us all. If forests (d) _______ in to desert wastes, what will (e) _________ carbon dioxide? Then the weather pattern will (f) _________ and the world will become (g) _________ . This is called the green house (h) _________ . If forests go, the heat of the sun will be (i) _________ inside the atmosphere. As a result, the polar ice caps will (j) _________ and this will cause the (k) _________ of huge areas of the globe. 12. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 The world is progressing. The rich countries are becoming richer; the poor countries are becoming poorer. Thus the world has been (a) _________ into two parts; the rich and the poor. Rich countries are (b) _________ and the poor countries are (c) _________ by them. The rich countries (d) _________ forward in any problem or danger in the (e) _________ of help but they come also to exploit the poor countries. The rich countries does not even think of the (f) _________ condition of the poor countries. They never hesitate to (g) ________any interest at a (h) _________ rate on the poor countries. But the poor countries cannot change their position. This type of (i) _________ of the rich countries should be changed and only then we can hope of a (j) _________ country. 13. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 There have been (a) _________ changes in the types of entertainment over time. Many of these no longer (b) _________ . Even if they do, people keep looking for newer (c) _________ of entertainment. Thus snake charming, jatra etc. have lost their (d) _________ . Radio, used to be a good source of entertainment in the past, is now giving place to satellite (e) _________ . At the same time modern music is now fusing (f) _________ from folk and (g) _________ songs. Band and (h) _________ music is becoming more and more (i) _________ . Football is gradually being replaced by cricket as a (j) _________ form of sports entertainment. 14. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Both E-mail and telex are (a) __________ communications. Even then they are not of the (b)________ type, there are some (c) _________ between the two systems. Telex communication is terminal to terminal, but e-mail is user to user. Only telephone is (d) _________ for operating telex. Both telephone and computer are necessary for operating (e) _________ . Telex message is sent to a (f) _________ of user but e-mail message is sent only to (g) _________ . (h) _________ is used in telex but e-mail has reduced the (i) ________of paper in the office because it has no (j) _________ of paper. 15. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 

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In the name of (a) _________ and (b) _________ the industrially developed countries are (c) _________ the poorer countries. The global strategy of development (d) _________ __ greater employment opportunities to the people of poor countries but at the same time it also promises high returns to the (e) ____________ countries. This actually (f) _________ the way for a lasting poverty. As a result, the gap between (g) _________ __ and poverty is (h) _________ widening. Now it is the turn of the developing countries to have a (i) _________ book over the (j) _________ developed countries. 16. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Gender discrimination in Bangladesh begins at birth. Most (a) _________ want to have children so that they can help when they are older, supplement their (b) _________ income with the (c) _________ Jobs. In the (d) _________ socioeconomic set up male children are best (e) _________ to this purpose. So girls are born to an unwelcome world. However, they are given, rather confined to, domestic (f) _________ . Some of these girls may go to school, but all their work domestic or academic stops as soon as they are (g) _________ off, which is the prime (h) _________ of the parents about their daughters. This discriminatory (i) _________ has some long term (j) _________ effects on the body and the mind of the girls children and women in a family. 17. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 The farmers of our country depend mostly on (a) _________ . They don't follow (b) _________ irrigation system. So they have to (c) _________ on rainwater. If there is little rain, they suffer. Adequate rainfall fills their heart with (d) _________ . So sometimes farmers in the villages (e) _________ different ageold rituals or customs to bring out rainfall during the dry season. First they (f) _________ a place and practise certain customs. Children also (g) _________ in the ritual. Finally they (h) _________ heartfelt offer to Allah for rain. They know that if the rain does not come in time, they won't be able to reap a good (i) _________ . Eventually there will be (j) _________ of food and famine will visit in the wake of it. 18. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 These two girls aged about 10-11 look (a) _________ . They are from a village. Their parents, (b) _________ and jobless had to migrate to the city just to make a (c) _________ . Now they have found a (d) _________ in a slum. The male members of their family are (e) _________ rickshaw pullers or labourers or do some small business. The female members work as part-time or full time (f) _________ in the neighbourhood. These girls do not go to school or if they do they go to an underprivileged children's school or a non-formal education (g) _________ . They have to earn something to (h) _________ the family income before or (i) _________ school. They do not know (j) _________ they will do in future. 19. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Jerry was twelve year old boy (a) _________ lived in the orphanage. The authoress hired the cabin (b) _________ to the orphanage. Jerry came to the cabin to (c) _________ wood for the authoress. He also did some extra works (d) _________ the convenience of the authoress. Once he (e) _________ a cubby 

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hole where he put some kindling and medium wood (f) _________ that the writer might get dry fire materials ready in case of (g) _________ wet weather. The authoress was pleased (h) _________ him. When she gave him some candy or apples, he used to (i) _________ silent. He expressed his (j) _________ by looking at the gift and the authoress. 20. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10

Now a days environment pollution is one of the most (a) _________ topics all over the world because, environment pollution causes various (b) _________ to human life. Acid rain is one of them. When acid along with water falls from the sky, it is (c) _________ acid rain. Acid rain contains harmful chemicals from flatulent gases. Substances called acids have a sharp (d) _________ known as acidity. Ordinary rain water is (e) _________ _ acidic. But in severely polluted areas rain can be acidic as the acids of lemon juice or vinegar. This rain, which is very acidic, can cause (f) _________ to trees, lakes, wildlife, buildings and human health. There is a link between acid rain and damage to human health, (g) _________ in the chemicals can harm people causing chest related illness. Also, when acid rain causes the (h) _________ of chemicals and metals into drinking water, it can damage public health. In a word, acid rains are very (i) _________ . We should take all necessary steps to make our environment (j) _________ from all kinds of pollution.

21. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Children are very fond of festivals. They become very (a) _________ on a day of festival. If it is their birth day, their joys know no (b) ________. They become very (c) ________ to have wishes from their beloved person. Whole the days they (d) _________ to spend times in joy. Usually a child on his/her birthday gets up early and tries to (e) _________ close to his/her parents. It becomes a (f) _________ day, if he/she is presented anything very (g) _________ to him/her. Children also want to have their friends (h) _________ to their houses on a festival. They expect to have a party. Their joys give pleasure to their (i) _________ . We should try to keep the children always in a (j) _________ mind. 1x10=10 22. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. Literacy (a) _________ a skill was first institutionalised in Mesopotamia, Syria Egypt and China soon after the art of (b) _________ was invented, (c) _________ then was on to the general people (d) _________ a privilege for the chosen few (e) _________ took on strategic roles in the running of the state and in religion. In Greece, education became (f) _________ widespread in about the 5th century BC. The Greeks however, (g) _________ only their male children to school. When Rome was (h) _________ by the Greeks, the Romans under Greek (i) _________ developed a strong tradition of (j) _________ . 23. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 The 21st February has become the (a) _________ of our national (b) _________ since then. The Shahid Day Is (c) _________ with great respect and (d) _________ . Innumerable barefoot processions are (e) _________ early in the morning in different (f) _________ of the country. They generally end up at the (g) _________ Shahid Minars (monuments to the martyrs). The biggest processions are seen in Dhaka (h) _________ to the Central Shahid Minar. 

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Banners and posters (i) _________ inspiring slogans, verses and saying. Procconists chant patriotic songs and lay flowers and (j) _________ at Shahid Minars. 24. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Accommodation problem is a great problem for the (a) _________ of Dhaka city, (b) _________ one crore people live (c) _________ this city. Most of the people are tenants. They have to (d) _________ great part of their (e) _________ for house rent but still they are not getting (f) _________ facilities, (g) _________ they are to face many problems like water crisis, sanitation problem and so on. Moreover, the owner of the house (h) _________ the tendency to raise the house rent (i) _______ every year. It is a serious problem for the residents (j) ________ Dhaka city. 25. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Capital punishment is (a) _________ sentence (b) _________ to someone found guilty of a crime like pre-planned (c) __________. However, death penalty is so severe that it cannot always be approved of. It is an old form of (d) _________ . Capital punishment is both very cruel and often (e) _________. This form of extreme punishment has (f) _________ criticized by many. Some modern states have (g) _________ capital punishment. Death penalty has been replaced by (h) _________ for life. It has been (i) _________ further to punish a person rather than take (j) _________ his life. 26. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Man pollutes water, another vital (a) _________ of the environment by (b) _________ waste into it. Farmers (c) _________ chemical fertilizers and insecticides in their fields. Some of these chemicals washed away by rain and floods (d) _________ mixed with water in river, canals and ponds. Water is also (e) _________ by mills and factories when they throw their (f) _________ chemicals and waste products into rivers and canals. Water vehicles also pollute rivers by dumping oil, foods waste and human (g) ________ into them. Insanitary latrines (h) _________ on river and canal banks are also (i) _________ for further pollution. In this way various (j) _________ of waste and filth contaminate water. 27. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Thomas Alva Edison was the greatest American scientist. He was born in 1847 in Ohio. As a little boy he was very (a) _________ . He always wanted to know how things were done. Very early in life, he showed that he was full of (b) _________ , a quality which Is so important to (c) _________ . He worked for some time as a telephone operator in New York. But soon he became (d) ________ in inventions. In order to carry (e) _________ his business, he built a laboratory at Menlo Park. Soon his first invention came into (f) _________ . It was a system of telegraphy. Afterwards he (g) _________ the phonograph, the incandescent lamp. He had about a thousand inventions to his credit. We (h) _________ to him for his great (i) _________ to the (j) _________ of mankind. He died in 1931. 28. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Human beings are born as baby in this beautiful world and after a certain (a) _________ they become elder in the society. In the way of their lives they play a 

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vital (b) _________ that gives much (c) _________ for the next generation. They are a (d) _________ of our society. So, they should not be (e) _________ . There are many helpless elder people in our country. They suffer from different types of age related (f) _________ . But they have the (g) _________ to lead a happy life. So, we should (h) _________ all sorts of co-operation to them. We should raise fund for the welfare of the elderly persons. They should be (i) _________ free medical facilities, food etc. Social (j) _________ can be raised for the help of the elderly people. 29. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Feroza's childhood was full of sufferings and sorrows. She never had a moment of happiness in her life. All she (a) _________ from her childhood was the extreme want of food, shelter and clothing. In 1972 at the age of 12 she was married to 24years old (b) _________ man. Feroza entered into her husband's house with the dreams and hopes of a young girl but all she saw was more (c) _________ . It was Feroza who worked for a handful of grains to feed herself, her mother-in-law and her husband. When her first son was born she was 19. The birth of a child (d) _________ another mouth to feed. Feroza's toiling days became harder with the birth of her second son in 1982. Her husband was still (e) _________ to work and therefore she had to work even harder to feed all the five months. From morning (f) _________ dark she worked, worked and worked. When she was 24 her third son was born. Each day became more difficult for Feroza. No matter how hard she worked she could never earn (g) _________ to feed everyone. Eight years went by and Feroza was still (h) _________ for herself and her family. Then she came to learn about the Grameen Bank. She became a member of the Bank, took a loan and started her own 'rice-husking business. Gradually she managed to improve her conditions and managed to repay the loan she had (i) _________ from the Grameen Bank. In 1995 Feroza took an even larger loan and started a stationary shop alongside her (j) _________ business. She went to the adult literacy centre and learned to read and write. By 2000 Feroza's worst days were over. She had solvency, security and happiness. 30. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 An elephant does many things with its trunk. It smells, feels and picks things up with its (a) _________ . Elephants can uproot trees (b) _________ their trunks. They can defend themselves by wrapping their trunks around (c) _________ enemies and dashing them (d) _________ the ground. But they use their trunks to (e) _________ up peanuts, too. They (f) _________ even brush off flies. In the Lumberyards of India, elephants learn to pull logs out (g) _________ rivers and stack them. Elephants (h) _________ even been taught to sweep. By holding a broom in (i) _________ trunk, an elephant can sweep a (j) _________ clean of sawdust. What a wonderful tool that trunk is! 31. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Half of the population of Bangladesh are (a) _________ . Therefore, to develop the country, the (b) _________ of women is inevitable. But for this, the development of women is the (c) _________ need. There are a number of (d) _________ we can develop our women. Education comes (e) _________ of all, regretfully, two third of our (f) _________ people are women, (g) _________ it 

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is found that many (h) _________ do not send their (i) _________ children to school. Many women, it is found, though are educated do not (j) _________ their education. They just remain a housewife. 32. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 The 21st of February is a very (a) _________ day in our (b) _________ calendar. On this day in 1952, (c) _________ youths of the soil laid down their lives in their effort to (d) _________ the due honour of Bangla, their (e) _________ tongue. They were (f) _________ that Bangla should be declared as (g) _________ language of the state as it was the language of most of the population. Because of their supreme (h) _________ , we have got our mother (i) _________ as our official language in which the government (j) _________ all its business. 33. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 In a country there may be one or more dominant languages, each (a) _________ by a significant number of the population and some (b) _________ languages as well. In such cases, the government concerned makes one or more languages (c) _________ . An official language is (d) _________ the language of the majority of the population. However, it is often the language of the ruling (e) _________ . In Bangladesh, the official (f) _________ was Farsi, also called Persian in English, under the rule of Farsi-speaking Mughals; it was (g) _________ under the British; Pakistani (h) _________ has also unjustly wanted to (i) _________ their language Urdu on the Bangla-speaking (j) _________ . 34. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 In our (a) _________ India, a country with hundreds of (b) _________ , there are 18 official languages that (c) ________ Bangla and English. English is the (d) ________ language of (e) ________ least 45 countries (f) ________ the globe, and has over 1400 million (g) _________ under its wings. Chinese is the official (h) _______ of some 1000 million native (i) _________ __. French, Arabic and Spanish are some other widely (j) _________ official languages. 35. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 In recent (a) _________ Bangladesh has experienced extreme weather (b) _________ . According to the weather, Bangladesh has six (c) _________ spring, summer, rainy season, autumn, late autumn and winter. However, summer, rainy season and winter are more (d) _________ than the other seasons, because (e) ________ these seasons weather causes much trouble and distress to the people. Summer in Bangladesh is usually distinguished by its (f) _________ weather and the (g) _________ of rain. During this period nature seems to be (h) _________ as the sun shines with its full energy. The people then truly expect some (i) _________ of rain, but often in (j) _________ . Hence the normal life is seriously disturbed, a good number of people become sick and even a few people die every summer. 36. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 The rainy season arrives accompanied by heavy rainfalls that, for the time being soothe the burning (a) _________ and the (b) _________ inhabitants. But this season eventually brings a lot of (c) _________ for the poor people. Stormy winds (d) _________ houses and trees, and (e) _________ inundate the low areas every year. The inhabitants of the coastal areas encounter (f) _________ 

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cyclones. Consequently, the people have to suffer from a great loss of (g) _________ and property, scarcity of food, shelter, clothes and medicine. Besides, the floods and the cyclones are (h) _________ by many dangerous diseases, such as diarrhoea, cholera, typhoid, dysentery, jaundice and others. As a result the sufferings of the people (i) _________ for a long time. However, if right (j) _________ and perfect measures were to be taken, the sufferings of the inhabitants could be reduced to a substantial extent. 37. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Winter exhibits a terrible type of (a) _________ in recent years in Bangladesh. During this period, the (b) _________ unexpectedly comes down, and (c) _________ winds blow. There are sometimes (d) _________ rainfalls and dense fog. As a result, the people find their life (e) _________ . Especially, (f) _________ and ill-clothed people (g) _________ endlessly. Every year some-old and ill-clothed people die due to the terrible chilly weather. Moreover, winter (h) _________ a number of common (i) _________ such as cold, cough and viral fever. Thus this season tremendously (j) ________ the normal life of the inhabitants. 38. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Trees are useful to man in many ways. They are our best friends. They provide us with (a) _________ without which we cannot live more than a few minutes. They supply us with (b) _________ and food, give us shade and help to (c) _________ drought and (d) _________ . Unfortunately we cannot (e) _________ the importance of trees. We (f) _________ them down (g) _________ large numbers, (h) _________ it is a suicidal act. If we do not (i) _________ such acts soon, our country will, no doubt, turn into a (j) _________ . 39. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Recently the National Curriculum Text Book Board has (a) _________ a new English Text book at the HSC level. The new book is based on the principle of (b) _________ English language by actually practising it. This practice is carried out through the four language skills of speaking, listening, reading and (c) _________ usually in an interactive way. The book is (d) _________ with a view to enabling students to use English in different (e) _________ . To (f) _________ students' reading and writing skills different types of testing are set for students. The book introduces two way communication meaning that both teachers and (g) _________ need to interact and participate in discussion. Obviously the new Text is introducing a new (h) _________ of learning English. Both teachers and students are not (i) _________ with the way. They are facing different types of (j) _________ in dealing with the Text. 40. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Physical exercise means the (a) _________ of limbs and organs. It is (b) _________ for the soundness of health. In order to (c) _________ body (d) _________ , the limbs have to be (e) _________ . We should take (f) _________ to (g) _________ diseases. Physical exercise (h) _________ digestion, increases appetite, ensures sound sleep. It also (i) _________ energy and vigour, enhances 

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vitality and makes the body fit. There are (j) _________ kinds of exercise and people of different ages should know what types of exercise suit them. 41. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Student politics (a) _________ the normal progress of a student. Student politics is the (b) _________ of a few but causes (c) _________ to many. Because of student politics normal (d) _________ of a college or a university is (e) _________ . As a result, there (f) _________ a session jam. For this problem of the campus students' politics is (g) _________ responsible. So we should (h) _________ about the (i) _________ of student politics. Either we should (j) _________ student politics or we should bring about a positive change in this sector. 42. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Parents often (a) _________ to their children: Don't ask questions but do as you are (b) _________ . Does this mean that the child must act (c) _________ thought? Certainly not. The simplest order calls (d) _________ the use of mind. We should always ask (e) _________ why something must be (f) _________ . There is generally a good reason why something ought to be done and we should (g) _________ use of our sense to find it. If we do not (h) _________ this when we are young we may not be fit (i) _________ serious work (j) _________ we will be grown up. 43. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 A tourist was once on a holiday cruise. He was looking at all the sights and eagerly (a) _________ photos. He had completely (b) _________ about the time. When he realized that his ship was (c) _________ soon, he rushed anxiously to the docks. When he had (d) _________ there he saw that the ship was (e) _________ slowly away from the side of the dock. He tried to (f) _________ on to the ship and almost succeeded. Unfortunately he fell (g) _________ the water. Luckily some sailors saw what was happening and fished him (h) _________ . Then they told him that he (i) _________ the wrong ship. The right one would sail an hour later. We, everyone (j) mistakes sometimes. 44. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Life in a village is easy, simple and free from the (a) _________ of modern age. Green trees, green fields, fields of crops, ponds, canals, fresh air, and other (b) _________ are the special attractions of village life. We can (c) _________ the taste of fresh air living in a village. The life in a village is more (d) _________ than that of cities. There is no air (e) _________ , sound pollution and water pollution in the village, (f) _________ is much less here than that of city. Social unity and social relationship is (g) _________ here, (h) _________ of respect, love and affections is a strong (i) _________ of the villages. They have also the strong feeling of sympathy and (j) _________ . 45. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Civility means polite (a) _________ or modesty. It also (b) ________ courteous manner. It is a great virtue (c) _________ a man. To be well-behaved, or goodnatured we (d) _________ spend money or wealth. We have to (e) _______ willingness to attain civility. We have to (f) _________ some code of conduct and (g) _________ the norms of etiquette of the society. It (h) _________ vary 

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from society to society. However, one has to (i) _________ good manners in one's character from an early age. No expenditure, (j) _________ consciousness is required. 46. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 China is a (a) _______ country in the (b) ______ of Asia. It is (c) _________ the north of Bangladesh. It is (d) _________ by several countries such (e) _________ Mongolia, Russia, Korea and India. It has the largest (f) _________ in the world which is about one fifth of the total world (g) _________ . About one hundred and twenty five (h) _________ people live in this country. Their official (i) _________ is Mandarin and most of them are the (j) _________ of Buddhism. 47. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 The Sundarbans are (a) _________ for their wild (b) _________ . The world famous (c) _________ Bengal Tiger lives in the Sundarbans. The spotted deer, found in the (d) _________ is very beautiful to look (e) _______. The crocodile is also a spectacular thing. We (f) ________ see many owls, snakes, bees and many (g) _________ of reptiles in the Sundarbans. It is (h) _________ to note that greedy people's selfish activities (i) _________ the extinction of the Sundarbans along with its wild life. This should be (j) _________ very soon. 48. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Happiness is a word (a) _________ is longed for by all. Everybody (b) _________ to be happy in life. But human life is full of (c) _________ and happiness which comes (d) _________ . None can live in happiness (e) _________ . He must (f) _________ to face sorrow. Somebody thinks that if one (g) _________ a lot of money, one is in happiness. But it is a wrong idea (h) _________ by them. In fact, happiness (i) _________ in contentment and self satisfaction and cannot be (j) _________ in terms of money. 49. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Shylock was an unkind businessman (a) _________ in Venice. He (b) _________ money to people at a high (c) _________ of interest. Antonio (d) _________ a very kind man also lived in Venice. He was very different from Shylock. Bassanio (e) _________ a friend of Antonio. Once he came to Antonio to (f) _________ some money. But at that time Antonio's ship (g) _________ in the sea. So Antonio could not (h) _________ money to his friend. At last he (i) _________ to Shylock to borrow some money. Shylock gave him money taking a (j) _________ bond. 50. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Most people long (a) _________ wealth. They think wealth (b) _________ happiness. But often wealth gives (c) _________ . A millionaire is a very wealthy person of course, but his great wealth is a great (d) _________ . He may have many large estates and factories. Estate or factories usually need (e) _________ . There may be dispute (f) _________ the millionaire and his workers for one trouble after another. These disputes may (g) _________ to strike. In this case, the millionaire may lose a lot of money or some gangster may (h) _________ his child and (i) _________ thousands of pounds to return the child safe and sound. A very rich man, therefore, in (j) _________ of the great wealth, may not have an easy life. 

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51. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Bangladesh is a country (a) _________ an area of 1,47,570 square kilometers. It is (b) _________ with 120 million people. About 1000 people (c) _________ per square kilometer. So it is a (d) _________ populated country. The growth rate is very (e) _________ which must be (f) _________ immediately. If this rate (g) _________ on unchecked, soon Bangladesh (h) _________ a great problem. So everyone (i) _________ forward to (j) _________ public consciousness. 52. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 At the time of sleeping (a) _________ his room, Abu Ben Adham, a pious man suddenly woke up and (b) _________ an angel writing something (c) _________ a book of gold. Though the room was dark, it (d) _________ full of light of its appearance. Abu dared and wanted to know what he (e) _________ writing. The angel (f) _________ that he was making a list of those (g) _________ love Allah. Abu requested that angel (h) _________ include his name in the list as one that loves one's fellow men. The next night the angel appeared again and showed Abu the list. Then Abu's name was (i) _________ the top of the list. Allah loves those (j) _________ love His creatures. 53. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 William Wordsworth, one of the greatest poets of the romantic age was born at Cockermouth (a) _________ . His childhood (b) _________ happy. He spent his childhood and youth in the Cumberland Hills in (c) _________ . But subsequently attracted by the hopes born of the French Revolution, he lived for some while in France. Returning (d) _________ , he was much influenced by the French Revolution. In 1798 'Lyrical Ballads' was (e) _________ published. In 1800 a second and enlarged edition of the books was published (f) _________ a valuable preface. Ode on the Intimations of Immortality, one of the greatest poems of (g) _________ century, was published in 1807. Many of his sonnets were written during (h) _________ . But his magnificent patriotic songs belong to the period (i) _________ . This great lover, worshipper and philosopher of Nature (j) _________ in 1850. 54. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 The well known satellite moon stirs the feelings of love (a) _________ our hearts. A child also loves her and (b) _________ to get her in its arms. So, moon is very familiar figure (c) _________ us. She has great appeal (d) _________ poets and artists. The full moon is like a plate of silver in the sky. But it is a matter of great sorrow that the moon has not light (e) ________ its own. The light she reflects is borrowed (f) _________ the sun. The full moon overflows the earth as well as our hearts through its light, (g) _________ whole universe changes (h) _________ a dreamy heaven. We should like (i) _________ enjoy its splendid beauty as long as we can keep ourselves awake. This is why, in the daylight she (j) _________ so pale. 55. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 There are lots of hotels in Dhaka. You get a wider choice (a) _________ in other cities in Bangladesh. The Sheraton is famous (b) _________ many important people in the world stay here. It's also one of the oldest hotels. The Sonargoan is another expensive hotel. It's (c) _________ expensive than the Sheraton. It is 

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popular (d) _________ business people than with tourists. But my own favourite is the Hotel Purbani, (e) _________ is smaller and cheaper than the Sheraton and the Sonargaon. The people here (f) _________ more helpful than at the other hotels. It is (g) _________ busiest hotels in city because it's (h) _________ the middle of a crowded business centre. The hotel (i) _________ a good restaurant too. But it (j) _________ to book a table because it's the noisiest place in Dhaka. 56. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 A student who (a) _________ the best seeds in his life is an ideal student. He is (b) _________ to his parents. He never (c) _________ with his brothers and sisters. He is (d) _________ to his neighbours. He learns his lessons (e) _________ and never keeps himself aloof from the institute. He is obedient to his teachers and (f) ________ what his teachers say. An ideal student (g) _________ good use of his time. He (h) _________ his leisure time in reading good books and newspapers. He (i) _________ good company with good boys. An ideal student helps his classmates (j) _________ their difficult lessons. 57. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 One day a lad (a) _________ to a famous teacher and having (b) _________ his desires to acquire knowledge, (c) _________ him to instruct him in the arts and sciences. The learned man wishing to find out what sort of ability the lad had, (d) _________ him where God (e) _________ . The lad (f) _________ "I will answer you, if you will first (g) _________ me where He is not." The sage, from this sensible reply (h) _______ highly of the boy's understanding and according to his wishes, (i) _________ him in his studies. Thus the wisdom of the wise (j) _______ itself early. 58. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 It was the tale (a) _________ Chicago city of America. In 1889, the day labourers came (b). _________ with a procession demanding the (c) _________ of 8 hours work daily. They had to (d) _________ four fellow labourers. That (e) _________ was the first of May. This massacre was done by the (f) _________ master of the labourers. To (g) _________ their sacrifiee for lawful demand, the American Federation of labour made decision to (h) _________ 1st May as the day of labourer worldwide. Since then this day has been observed worldwide with due (i) _________ and respect. Such sacrifice for lawful demand of the labourer could not be found (j) _________ . 59. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Our (a) _______ system is fighting off thousands of disease-causing (b) _______ each day thereby keeping us healthy. AIDS is a (c) _________ that attacks and (d) _________ the immune system itself therefore any one with (e) _________ can easily die from a simple cold, (f) _________ there is nothing that will (g) _________ him from it. The body is left with totally no safeguard against (h) _________. People with AIDS know that (i) ________ is inevitable. Their relatives watch them grow thinner day by day. There is still no vaccine against AIDS. There is no (j) ______ to cure it. 60. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Napoleon (a) _________ one of the greatest soldiers of all times. At the age of fourteen he (b) _________ the French army. Soon he (c) _________ General in 

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Chief by his hard work and courage. Later on, he became an Emperor. He fought many battles and (d) _________ many countries. He was kind to the officers who (e) _________ dutiful but punished those who did not work hard. One of his officers worked hard and Napoleon was (f) _________ with him. He (g) _________ the officer a thousand francs every month. This officer had a big family to (h) ________. He was also kind hearted. He (i) _________ his friends with money whenever they (j) _________ in need. 61. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 There are (a) _________ reasons why students in Bangladesh (b) _________ in English. That English is a (c) _________ language is the (d) _________ reason. In other words students have no (e) _________ feeling with English. Very (f) _________ of them are earnest in (g) _________ English. What the students seek is to (h) ________ the stairs of Examinations. To most of them learning is (i) ________ and examination is (j) _________ . 62. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 A selfish giant (a) _________ a garden. He (b) _________ very cruel to children. He never (c) _________ any one in his garden. He (d) _________ notice board in his garden writing "No entrance", seeing the notice all the seasons, children did not (e) _________ his garden. Hence, the garden (f) _________ flowerless. The giant did not understand the reason of (g) _________ flowerless of his garden. So it was always (h) _________ there and north wind, (i) _________ about (j) _________ the trees. 63. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Nazrul is a (a) _________ poet. He is (b) _________ a rebel (c) _________ . As a rebel poet his (d) _________ spread far and wide. His (e) _________ deals with love for humanity. His (f) _________ career was ruined because of his (g) _________ some (h) _________ against the then British government. He has also (i) _________ many songs. His (j) _________ have enriched our Bengali literature. 64. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 From one of your friends I came to know that you are a chain smoker. It shocks me much. Dear friend, smoking is (a) _________ for health, you should not (b) _________ smoking as a fashion, a non smoker lives (c) _________ than a smoker. Tobacco products contain such bad elements that can (d) _________ cancer, heart attack, chronic bronchities and other (e) _________ diseases. You will be (f) _________ to know that a (g) _________ of cigarettes smoke contains fifteen billion of particles of injurious matter. Some of these are (h) _________ to human beings. Smoking is as good as (i) _________ suicide. I shall be happy if you give (j) _________ this habit. 65. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 UNICEF is the (a) ______of the United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund. This (b) _________ works to ensure the good and (c) _________ life of children in the world. Especially it helps the (d) _________ of developing countries. It has taken some (e) _________ projects in Bangladesh. By these (f) _________ , it supports not only the helpless children but also the affected people of different 

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disasters. A number (g) _________ maternity and baby care centers have been set up in the country. Children and pregnant women get (h) _________ help in the centers. Besides, this organization has established some training centers where rural health workers are being (i) _________ . This organization also plays a vital (j) _________ during cyclones, flood, and famine helping the affected people. 66. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Various kinds of nuclear weapons have been (a) _________ in the past few years by many countries. This is a new and terrible development in the history of (b) _________ . Very few events can be more (c) _________ than a nuclear war. In a nuclear war, most of the world's(d) _________ will be exterminated. The few living things, that survive, will be exposed to (e) _________ or to electric rays harmful to life. This has been said by scientist that many new diseases will be (f) _________ by radiation. There will also be an acute shortage of food for all the crops and stores that will be poisoned by radiation. Most of the areas on which nuclear bombs have been (g) _________ , will be ruined. Therefore the (h) _________ of a nuclear war will be sick, hungry and homeless. It might be better, perhaps to be killed in a nuclear war than to (i) _________ it. It would be better still for men to live in (j) _________ with one another. If this can be achieved, there will be no nuclear wars. 67. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 There are (a) _________ elements of environment. Air, water, soil, plants, animals, and (b) _________ are such elements. They are important for environment (c) _________ human beings. Without these important elements man cannot (d) _________ . When they are polluted, we (e) _________ it environmental pollution. Nowadays, environment is (f) _________ polluted everywhere. The air. water, soil, plant are (g) _________ polluted. We, the human beings, (h) _________ responsible for pollution. Air is being polluted by exhausts (i) _________ vehicles, and by smokes and gases from industries and fireworks. We all should be (j) _________ of this pollution and check it for ensuring a happy life. 68. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Every year we (a) _________ our birthday as per the date of birth. It is a (b) _________ occasion, specially a family occasion. On my birth, the well-wishers, friends (c) _________ the family members greet me. They pray (d) _________ me. They greet me (e) _________ flowers, books, cards etc. My parents pray for me, for my (f) _________ . They (g) _________ a small get-together of my friends, well-wishers, classmates, relatives and others. They are (h) _________ with snacks, cakes, pitha and other hand-made foods. Generally the party is organised in the (i) _________ . They all leave after (j) _________ me. 69. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Women in our society have always been considered (a) _________ to men. The majority of houses are (b) _________ dominated usually by husbands and women most often have no say in decision making. Their opinion is considered unnecessary even in such important issues as the number of (c) _________ they would like to have, education of their children, (d) _________ of their sons and daughters, issues of finance and property of even second marriage of their (e) 

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_________ . In many households, they are (f) _________ up by the husbands or maltreated by the (g) _________ . But their miseries go unnoticed because women lack (h) _________ of their right and do not know how and where to seek justice. What do you think happen when these women suddenly find themselves (i) _________ of the family through (j) _________ divorce or abandonment by their husbands with no education or financial support? 70. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 The (a) _________ of disabled people in our country is about 13 million. This number is (b) _________ with the (c) _________ disabled people. Health awareness should be (d) _________ and timely intervention should be introduced to (e) _______ disabilities. People (f) _________ negative attitude towards the disabled (g) _________ wrong thought as well as lack of knowledge. The disabled people are (h) _________ of their basic rights. The UNO tried to (i) _________ the disable by (j) _________ equal opportunities. 1x10=10 71. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. Love is (a) ______ and unique which has a great (b) ______ in human heart. It never dies and (c) _________ away. Emperor Shah Jahan had a deep and pure (d) _________ for his dear wife Mumtaz. Mumtaz (e) _________ away from the world. Shah Jahan was overwhelmed with (f) _________ at the death of his (g) _________ wife. He wanted to immortalize his wife's (h) _________ . So. his ardent love for his wife prompted him to build such an (i) _________ building. Architecturally, it is so wonderful that it has become one of the seven (j) _________ of the world. 72. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Morning walk is beneficial for (a) _________ . It is the best (b) _________ for old people. In the morning the cool breeze is (c) _________ . This fresh air helps the heart (d) _________ well and pump blood. So, it helps the proper (e) _________ of blood. Morning walk is as (f) _________ as an important physical exercise. A man (g) _________ walks in the morning is more fit than others. To walk in the morning, one has to (h) _________ bed early. An early (i) _________ gets much time to finish his/her work in time. Actually, a good beginning in the morning (j) _________ the whole day lively and cheerful. 73. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Our bookish knowledge becomes (a) _________ when we apply it in the (b) _________ life. In our practical life, we mix with different (c) _________ of people and we learn their (d) _________ manners and other things. The world is an (e) _________ . If we keep our eyes and ears open, we can learn a (f) _________ of things. The outside world gives us a wide scope of (g) _________ and (h) _________ . The things received at schools and colleges are but a (i) _________ of our education. We can have (j) _________ education outside classroom though experience. 74. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 The world is producing millions of tons of domestic rubbish and toxic industrial waste each year, and it is (a) _________ increasingly difficult to find suitable (b) _________ to get rid of all the (c) _________ . The (d) _________ of various kinds of waste is seriously (e) _________ the environment. We know that air is 

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an important element of our environment and our air is polluted by smoke. Man makes fires to cook food, (f) _________ bricks, (g) _________ tar for road construction and to do many other things. Fires create smoke and pollute the air. Railway engines and (h) _________ create smoke by burning coal and oil. Mills and factories also belch a lot of (i) _________ . All these kinds of smoke (j) _________ the air. 75. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Women in our society have always been subservient to men. The majority of houses are (a) _________ dominated, and women most often have no say in (b) _________ . Their opinion is (c) _________ unnecessary even in important issues. In many houses they are beaten up by their husbands and (d) _________ by the in-laws. But their miseries go unnoticed because women lack (e) _________ about their rights. To (f) _________ their rights the government has (g) _________ the women and children repression Act. What do you think happens when these women are (h) _________ by their husbands. To make matters worse they also (i) _________ the extra burden of (j) _________ children. 76. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=1 Our parliament house is a highly (a) _________ building. It is a mere (b) _________ to have such an expensive parliament. It is a white: elephant for a poor country like Bangladesh. During a session, it costs Tk 15,000 per minute to (c) _________ . It also costs50 million taka per year for its (d) _________ . We know that ours is a poor country. So, this very highly expensive and luxurious parliament is of no (e) _________ . Here parliamentarians do nothing for the (f) _________ of the country. They do not settle any national (g) _________ rather they raise a storm of (h) _________ over national issues. Even they become aggressive and try to (i) _________ each other in word. Not only this they also (j) _________ the parliament. 77. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 An umbrella often (a) _________ lost. The reason is that we often (b) _________ umbrellas with us, but cannot always (c) _________ them in our hand or (d) _________ them in a bag. On a rainy day the umbrella gets wet and we are to put the dripping umbrella in a (e) _________ of the room. When we (f) _________ our business, there may not be any rain. It is very likely that we will forget the umbrella at that time. One feels very stupid when one (g) _________ an umbrella. People generally (h) _________ a person who has lost an umbrella. We make up our (i) _________ not to forget an umbrella in future. But this is of little (j) _________ at the critical moment. 78. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Many events (a) _________ importance took place during the last century. Significance advances were made in the (b) _________ of science and technology. Many European colonies (c) _________ Independence. The movement for democracy became (d) _________ in many parts of the world. Two world wars (e) _________ out in this century. It also witnessed the misuse of atomic energy. Two cities of Japan were completely (f) _________ as a result of the dropping of atom bombs. The Vietnam war and the gulf war killed (g) 

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_________ of innocent people. However, the emergence of Bangladesh as an (h) _________ nation was a momentous event. After a bloody (i) _________ of nine months, Bangladesh was born. Now we hold our heads (j) _________ in the community of nations. 79. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 In Bangladesh the normal retirement (a) _________ for the government employees (b) _________ 57 years. But the university teachers and some other classes of government employees (c) _________ at 65. Like the university teachers, the school and college teachers are human (d) _________ . This (e) _________ so, all categories of teachers should be (f) _________ the same service tenure. Apart from this, the retired persons (g) _________ not be (h) _________ worthless. Rather, they are an (i) _________ to the society because of their rich knowledge and experience. Therefore, we should be (j) _________ to them. 80. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Education is the most essential element in our lives. To live a happy life in this world, the first thing we need, is knowledge. The world is (a) _________ tough day by day and it is not very easy to (b) _________ a happy life. Not only a good job but also a handsome salary is (c) _________ to enjoy a standard living. For that (d) _________ is a must. But the number of (e) _________ people in our country is very few. The number of educated people is not (f) _________ as expected due to various reasons. In most of the schools the (g) _________ of education is very low. In these schools the teachers are not (h) _________ . Most of them are (i) _________ and some are plainly lazy. So students do not (j) _________ proper knowledge from them. 81. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 There is some truth in the common (a) _________ _ that while dogs become attached to persons, cats are generally (b) _________ to places. A dog will follow his (c) _________ anywhere, but a cat keeps to the (d) _________ It is used to; and even when the house changes (e) _________ , the cat will remain (f) _________ , so long as It is kindly (g) _________ by the new owners. A (h) _________ does not seem to be capable of the personal (i) _________ often shown by a dog. It thinks most of its own (j) _________ and its love is only cupboard love. 82. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 A voilent protest (a) _________ throughout the then East Pakistan on February 15, after Sergeant Zahurul Haque had been killed. The authority (b) _________ section 144 on Rajshaihi city. The students of Rajshahi University (c) _________ out a procession to (d) _________ section 144. And a (e) _________ followed between the students and the Police. On February 18, the students started Jumping (f) _________ the walls as the main gate of the University was closed. When the University teachers saw this, they (g) _________ the gatekeeper to open the gate. In the meantime, the students set an army jeep (h) _________ fire and (i) _________ it with kerosene. The armed forces (j) _________ up their positions against the students. 83. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 

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In the present world, the importance of learning English can hardly (a) _________ . Unless we (b) ________ English, we cannot delve (c) _______ in to the sources of knowledge. English is (d) ________ accepted and recognised a medium of communication across the world. So, (e) ______ learning it, we shall be able to (f) ________ international relations. Today English (g) _________ before us the vistas of better jobs. The people (h) _________ proficiency in English are employed in a job on a priority basis anywhere in the globe. Therefore, the necessity of (i) _________ English (j) _________ description. 1x10=10 84. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. Terrorism in the (a) _________ campus is an issue of all our concern. This is such a matter that can not be allowed to be (b) _________ . All concerned should come forward without any prejudice to (c) _________ this violence as soon as possible. To save (d) ________ lives (e) ________ to maintain a (f) _________ environment. In the area of education, the campus should be kept (g) _________ from the political (h) _________ for power. Students should be (i) _________ so that they cannot become the tolls in the hands of the (j) _________ politicians. 85. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 My name is Francis Kohl. I like living a (a) ______ life. I think working in offices is too (b) _______. It is like (c) _______ in a cage. I prefer doing that what I like even though that means not (d) _________ much money. I think (e) _________ free is important for creativity. I love painting and (f) _________ music. I have sold quite a (g) _________ of my painting and that has (h) _________ me with enough money to survive. I think having a (i) ________ and children means too much responsibility. I am better (j) _________ without them. 86. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 It is true that Khan Jahan Ali is commonly regarded as a great saint, but he was not like other saints who devoted their lives (a) _________ Islam and developing the spiritual life of their disciples. To most of them life in the hereafter was of greater concern and significance than life in this (b) _________ . To Khan Jahan Ali both worldly and (c) _________ lives were equally (d) _________ . He sincerely believed that Islam, as a complete (e) _________ of life, could bring about both material and spiritual well-being to its followers. So, after conquering Bagerhat in the beginning of the 15th century, he (f) _________ down there not only to (g) _________ religion but also to help the people to cultivate the fallow, swampy (h) _________ of the region. His activities were thus directed (i) _________ achieving worldly welfare as welfare as well as spiritual (j) _________ of the people. 87. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Arsenic pollution has been found under (a) _________ water. It is a seriously (b) _________ element. It is found as (c) _______ of oxide and sulfides. It is a (d) _______ poisonous substance. It's colour changes into (e) _________ when it comes in close contact with air. Arsenic pollution is (f) _________ at first in the south-western part of the country. This pollution (g) _________ to 50 districts of the country. According to WHO the quantity of arsenic received by (h) _________ through our food and water. Arsenic (i) _________ is caused because 

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of many reasons. (j) ________ use of underground water is also another cause of arsenic pollution. 88. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 On February 15, 1969 the then Ayub Khan government (a) _________ Sergeant Zohurul Haque in (b) ________. Following this (c) ________, a flame of protest spread (d) ________ ersitwhile East Pakistan. On February 17, the students of Rajshahi University (e) _________ out a procession, (f) _________ Section 144 and were locked in a (g) ________ with police. Several students were (h) ________. On hearing this, Dr. Shamsuzzoha (i) _________ was a Professor of Chemistry and Proctor of the University, rushed to the spot and took the injured (j) _______ to hospital. 89. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 The term virus means a simple living thing, smaller than bacteria, which (a) _________ diseases but nowadays this (b) _________ term is used in computing too. Computer virus is one kind of programme that harms and interrupts other programmes. Many (c) _________ in our country are (d) _________ using computers. But most of us don't know how to (e) _________ this machine. We should know that a number of (f) _________ are responsible for corruption of computers. Among them most (g) _________ are the virus. There are (h) _________ a thousand viruses. Recently we have heard of the computer virus (i) _________ a good number of computers in our country which has been termed as 'Chernobil virus' but it is actually (j) _________ conception of an ordinary man what actually happened and how it happened. 90. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 There are a good number of (a) _________ why students in Bangladesh fail in English. That English is a foreign (b) _________ is the main reason. In other words students have no good feelings (c) _________ English. Very few of them are earnest in (d) _________ English. What the students seek is to (e) _________ the stairs of (f) _________. To most of them, learning is unpleasant and (g) _________ is fearful. Secondly, teaching a foreign language become very (h) _________ when learners are not mentally keen (i) _________ the subject. In that situation, a teacher of English can hardly (j) _________ out a technique suitable to all. 91. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Many events of (a) _________ importance took place during the last century. Significant advances were made in the (b) _________ of science and technology. Many European colonies (c) _________ independence. The movement for democracy became (d) ________ in many parts of the world. Two world wars (e) _________ out in this century. It also witnessed the misuse of atomic energy. Two cities of Japan were completely (f) _________ as a result of the dropping of atom bombs. The Vietnam war and the Guff war killed (g) _________ of innocent people. However, the emergence of Bangladesh as an (h) _________ nation was a momentous event. After a bloody (i) _________ of nine months, Bangladesh was born. Now we hold our heads (j) _________ in the community of nations. 92. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 

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One day a lad went to a famous teacher and having expressed his desires to (a) ___________ knowledge, begged him to (b) _______ him in the arts and sciences. The learned man, wishing to (c) _________ out what sort of ability the lad (d) _________ . asked him where God (e) _________ . The lad replied. "I will answer you, if you first (f) _________ me where he is (g) _________ ." The sage, from this sensible (h) _________, thought highly of the boy's (i) _________and according to his (j) _________ perfected him in his studies. Thus the wisdom of the wise manifests itself early. 93. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Books are men's best (a) _________ in life. You may have many good (b) _________, but you can not get them when you (c) ________ them. They may not speak gently to you; one or two may prove false and do you much (d) ________. But books are always ready to be (e) _________ your side. Some books may (f) ________ you laugh, some others may give you much (g) _________ , others, again, may give you knowledge and new (h) _________ and make you a noble and (i) _________ man. They are your friends (j) _________ your life. 94. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 The youths are the best (a) _________ of our nation. They suffer from no prejudice or doubts and thus their (b) _________ to life is positive and optimistic. This makes them (c) _________ enthusiastic and daring. In time of emergency, their enthusiasm makes them carry the (d) _________ . But the youth of today are not happy at all. Despite their (e) _________ , their peers and parents expect too much from them. This makes them stretch beyond their (f) _________ which at times causes psychological disturbance and frustration. They are also sometimes accused of using their (g) _________ rather their brains, to (h) _________ upon important matters concerning them. Their inexperience and (i) _________ of worldly wisdom often causes setback. Notwithstanding these disadvantages, one still (j) _________ for one's youth to come back. 95. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 In Bangladesh, people's (a) _________ age is counted after 57 years. Old people are physically (b) _________ and yet they are an (c) _________ to society. In our country only government old employees get facilities from the state. But in the (d) _________ countries all old people get different (e) _________ . Our government should take some proper steps to give (f) _________ medical supports not only to the government employees (g) _________ to all aged people. We should be more (h) _________ to them. In this regard we should (i) _________ that once we got (j) _________ from them and once we are going to be old.



Substitution Table

PART C: GUIDED WIRTING (40 MARKS) Producing seniences from substitution table (Question No. 11) [A variation of this item would be to ask students to form questions from answers supplied or to complete a dialogue where some questions are given and some are missing.]

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1. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 (i) Monalisa

(ii) This painting today (iii) Leonardo

B became fascinated worked hard hangs

C D in the Louvre for about three years. museum, Paris on this painting model and the portrait. one of the most paintings of Leonardo de famous Vinci. a mysterious preserving some of the world's rarest art pieces. both with his over the years.

(iv) During the course of adds painting, he (v) The face, enigmatic in is expression, (vi) The landscape behind her has tantalized the millions

Backdrop.

2. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A (i) Pablo Picasso, the greatest painter (ii) His father (iii) Pablo's (iv) He (v) He (vi) He

B became created died was born was talent

C more than 20,000 work of art also an artist developed in France in 1881 an excellent painter

D during his 75 years of art career. at the age of 92. Early. in his early teens. in Spain. and an art teacher.

3. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A (i) A young man of twenty-five

B carry a warning

(ii) A non-smoker of the same age (iii)There is little

C it may cause cancer, heart attack, chronic bronchitis can expect to live

D and other diseases.

smoking twenty is a major health cigarettes a day hazard. is so dangerous that on radio and television longer than the smoker. (iv) In many countries or no controversy at least 10 years for your health of the world . (v) Moreover, is likely to live cigarette smoking is forty years more. cigarette packets dangerous (vi) Indeed, cigarette the advertisement over the fact that smoking is not allowed. smoking of cigarettes tobacco products 4. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A

C 

336

(i) Since 1896 the Olympic Games (ii) There is a burner

the flame is lit from a torch kindled which take place he circles the running tracks

of the whole world

to light the Olympic flame.

in different countries create great excitement every four years except all over the world. (iii) At the opening in the temple of Zeus to keep a link still ceremony in Olympia and carried with the Olympic by the teams of town in Greece. (iv) When the last runner haveenters been the heldstadium every four years watch the games on regularly television. (v) The Olympic in many the games take place relay runners, who travel Games country by land and by sea. (vi) Millions of people in each stadium and then bounds up the during the years of the where step first and second world wars.

5. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A (i) In Bangladesh many children (ii) The hands

B which ought to imbibe noble qualities

C D that make them are used for hard work.

to see them toil and manual work shoulder responsibilities

than their tender shoulders can bear. once in their lives.

(iii) Their gentle and a childhood wasted are exposed to impressionable minds (iv) It is indeed a pity are forced to for study or play the cruelties of the world. (v) They are weak and undemanding which but comes because of poverty. (vi) It is thus that should be used which are susceptible to heavier exploitation. 6. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A B (i) Khan Jahan could build Ali (ii) He made roads, dug tanks and built mosques (iii)He was his sincere love for the (iv) They was (v) It

was a monarch

C with construction work and not suffering people and his ceaseless efforts and his deeds

D well-being and prosperity. were glorious too.

with military exploits. to lead the people to path riches for his own of pleasure. a powerful leader to improve their living condition. 

337

(vi) Khan Jahan was always busy Ali

luxurious palace and amass vast

of the people.

7. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A (i) Water (ii) It (iii)If

B the rainfall suffer every year is

(iv) But (v) Our farmers (vi) They

is excessive rainfall feel

C destroys both a blessing is timely and moderate the dire need of very essential

D water for irrigation. most of our crops. and a curse for our agriculture. inadequate rainfall. we get bumper crops. owing to excessive or in our country.

8. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A (i) What is the (ii) The common answer would be (iii) A woman's role (iv) It was a common early belief that (v) In addition (vi) A woman had to be feminine,

women would give of wife, mother

is that

and women in

and homemaker.

her husband for her care and protection. men should be birth to and for his wife and children. role of men bread-winners and bring up women should be children. which meant she soft, weak, submissive, our society? had to be and dependent on that a man is the guide, protector, and busy at home provider preparing food.

9. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A B (i) For most Bangladeshis have failed (ii) Poverty and natural life has never (iii) They have always have suffered (iv) Natural calamities like been haunted floods, cyclones and (v) The people disasters have (vi) Our governments

erosion have

C immensely and with to do enough by the fear often shaped regularly brought been a very 

D of poverty their lives happy one untold miseries to their lives great fortitude to change their lot.

338

10. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A (i) Nowadays pollution

B C disastrous effects on not only in Brazil agriculture, but also

D above all our health.

(ii) Fume and smoke

have warned that

above all on climate.

(iii)Forests are being cut down

industrial waste chemicals and other poisons our ability to work and

is a curse to our and obviously this modern civilized warning is well world founded. (iv) All these are affects our hearing, our world is heading are polluting them. producing our nerves, towards a disaster (v) Sound from motor vehicles, because our cities, in the whole world. pollution also mills and factories, rivers and seas (vi) Many and burned on a large on food supplies and are becoming scientists scale uncomfortable for us. 11. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A (i) A young bachelor (ii) One day as he (iii)A young woman (iv) Beneath it there (v) At once the porter (vi) He

B C D followed her until market place this is indeed a lucky she leaning idly day. who was in a gold of perfect beauty. embroidered took up his basket by trade a porter against his basket. sat in the stopped at the door lived in Baghdad. of showed dark eyes thinking to himself mantle, stopped with before him. dressed in rare silk long lashes and a house and and cloaked lineaments knocked.

12. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A (i) The British people (ii) They (iii) If an English man

B do not talk

C to someone's house accept an appointment, do not usually to someone go



D he keeps it at any cost. whom they do not know will. you should tell your host what food you do not like.

339

(iv) When you

visit

(v) When you (vi) If you

stay makes

with a British family a British family, an invitation,

be always careful about their manners. without informing him.

you must take some gift with you.

13. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A (i) Emperor Shahjahan (ii) The building was (iii) Four slender towers rise (iv) The Taj Mahal is (v) It is very nice (vi) It is now

B C D from the for the tourists the grave of his wife. surrounded in the moonlit night. a great attraction four corners of the inlays of coloured to look at made of white built

by a beautiful the Taj Mahal on marbles with

marbles.

of the whole world. terrace. garden.

14. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A (i) Grameen Bank

B C is to bring about estimated

(ii) It

are working

D micro credit programmes.

that more than 54,000 people have been employed by very effective influence on our social

various micro finance institutions. (iii)A recent survey is a different micro credit programmes. (iv) In Bangladesh more than are getting that about 45% of eligible internationally 800 micro finance households in Bangladesh recognized. institutions take part in (v) The rural people have famous finance Institution and economic especially rural woman which is variables (vi) It shows different types of support a great change in from different rural life. 15. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A (i) Environmental disasters (ii) Natural disasters (iii) Disasters

C D when there is sudden by industries. change both natural and are consumed huge destruction. man-made is a basic need damage of productive for cooking, land heating and is the



340

lighting. (iv) One of the consequences of disasters (v) Energy

large quantities of energy

can happen

in the systems.

take place

cause

anytime and anywhere. due to landslide.

(vi) In the industrialised linked with the countries atmosphere

for everyday life

16. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A (i) The Chinese (ii) The Japanese

B like is common

(iii) Skiing (iv) The Germans (v) Canada (vi) One activity that

put is love is a

C very to take part in sports a popular sport a lot of emphasis to all to travel

D on the unity of the family. cold country. in their free time. is-watching television. for pleasure and relaxation. in Canada.

17. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A (i) There are few (ii) Generally women (iii) In this regard, ILO launched a project (iv) Sakhina Begum is (v) She was trained (vi) Finally, she was able

B in order to working opportunities one of the beneficiaries to change on food processing have to remain busy

D at Gazipur. by the project.

at BARI

in rural areas in Bangladesh. their household chores. project.

with of this

for women her lot

impart training in various activities and to rural women make them self-reliant.

18. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A B C D (i) In the post-war world, women started on the on family income. exercising husband (ii) They thus started decisions about family matters. (iii)In the past, the authority in the is shared an influence and wives. family 

341

(iv) But women, with their economic started joining the workforce. power, influencing (v) In developed countries now rested by both by both husbands and household work husbands wives. (vi) And outdoor activities like shopping are done equally who was the decision and taking children to school maker in all matters. 19. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A B C D (i) Economic results in a by investing education for girls. Development tremendous (ii) Education develops educating girls to educate to future generations. (iii)The impact of to development waste of human resources. potential (iv) An integrated is not isolated is beneficial development activities. approach (v) Girls' education the tendency of from other both male, and female mothers children. (vi) Failing to educate girls favourably affected must include on female literacy. 20. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A B C (i) Globalisation has put have no reasons high sweet the people of the world sounding (ii) Globalisation has the gap in the new era become between (iii) On the surface level

no match for

(iv) Because of this socalled globalisation (v) Because the poor are

on the same vessel it has

(vi) But the developing countries

a buzzword

but in different cabins a globalising powerful wealth and poverty to be happy

D of different status and facilities. about the surface level illusions of globalisation capitalism. is ever widening. promises. of international relations.

21. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A (i) Taimur

B surrounded

(ii) Once he (iii)He

entered was situated

C but Taimur escaped in the guise of far away the village 

D and captured a large village. on all sides. of the world.

342

(iv) The village

attacked

(v) The soldier of the was Prince (vi) Taimur's soldiers were killed

the kingdom of the Prince the province

a poor traveler.

one of the conquerors

of a powerful Prince.

from the capital.

22. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A (i) Bertrand Russel was an outstanding (ii) He was born

B in 1872 in an

C D a perfect knowledge Family.

educated and he acquired a fellow of his

aristocratic

autumn of 1895.

(iii)He was teaching and writing with distinction. privately (iv) In 1890 he went in 1914 he led a simple where he graduated in a suburb, of to quiet life study London. (v) He was philosopher and perhaps college in the of the present appointed times. (vi) From 1895 to theTrinity outbreak College, of the World War the greatest thinker of French and Cambridge German. 23. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A (i) The world we

B C D are flood, cyclone, untold miseries our storm environment. (ii) They live in a very dangerous one. (iii) All these is heavy rainfall, drought, natural erosion calamities. (iv) Among the common are producing and the main land to the people. disasters, cyclone disastrous effects (v) It attack offshore on earth and polluting of Bangladesh. islands (vi) Both cyclone and storm causes is full of earthquake, mainly firing etc. 24. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A

C 

343

(i) Nowadays the greenhouse (ii) It usually means

the increasing of

that the continuing build up (iii) It is now accumulation of generally accepted certain gases

of greenhouse gases in the called greenhouse the cause of

gradual warming.

by traffic, industries etc. atmosphere will lead to substantial global warming. (iv) This global pollution of the earth is down of tropical gases in the warming is caused rain forests atmosphere. by the (v) The environmental destruction and of the most of the world. burning talked (vi) This is exemplified effect is one the temp topics of the world. by the erature 25. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A (i) Communicative competence (ii) Acquisition (iii)In non-technical terms (iv) Learning language (v) Learning (vi) The linguists

B C tell that acquiring a a language language refers to the ability to is more successful use and longer lasting is similar to language appropriately acquisition is the way people 'picking up' develop ability refers to conscious explicit it may be described as

knowledge of knowing

D the rules of language. spontaneously. than learning. in different circumstances. in their mother tongue. learning.

26. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A B C (i) Human beings animal, can cause when there is plants, air water and sudden change soil (ii) The natural forces such are the main elements of as storms (iii) Environmental both natural and man- damage of disasters made productive land (iv) Natural disasters cyclones and can happen earthquakes are (v) Disasters take place cause 

D this environment. huge destruction. the environment. in the systems. anytime and

344

(vi) One of the consequences linked with the of disasters atmosphere

also a part of

anywhere. due to landslide.

27. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A B C D (i) One day Zayed and is Zayed and his friends big pieces of chicken and his friends sweets. (ii) Robi gave that he had no lofty dream. (iii)His dream wanted a plate full of rice what he dreamt. (iv) This replied to know about to a restaurant. (v) They took him surprised. (vi) They made the boy Robi's dream. 28. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A (i) Elderly population (ii) The traditional society of Bangladesh (iii) Their long experiences of life. (iv) Oriental societies (v) Many older people (vi) But they

B C D take more care because of much importance. remain powerless to any commendable are emotionally stop it role abused. has been growing for care than the West. who depend on their families does not offer

are not given

all over the world.

for centuries

their wealth of knowledge

of their senior citizens

their physical and financial inability. to the old aged people.

29. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A (i) Investment in education for girls (ii) Educating girls contributes (iii) Educated women have (iv) Educated mothers (v) It is important to realize that

B to creating wealth

C D to send both their on economic boys and girls development. are more likely through its impact in all other sectors. increases the than those who to school. economic and social have had returns results in a from an integrated potential human approach resources. a higher income of development no schooling. potential investments 

345

(vi) Thus failing to educate girls

success in girls' education generally results

tremendous waste to community of development.

30. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A (i) Deforestation (ii) Rain forests (iii) Many rain forests (iv) Plants (v) Plants (vi) Our indigenous forests

B help means maintain have absorb have been damaged

C the ecological us in the harmful come from in various burnt down

D ways. various ways. roots and leaves. imbalance. Africa. carbon-dioxide.

31. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A (i) The next morning and

(ii) He dissected them that (iii) They

Manson collected the insects

(iv) Thus it was discovered (v) Manson's

discovery

(vi) If the mosquito carried

the parasite of one disease were

C D all infected with under a microscope. living set certain men which caused elephantiasis. the mosquito was might it not also spread the carrier of the malaria. germ from person to of the infected boy. person, gorged with the filarial worms. blood examined them thinking.

32. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A B (i) Mother's breast milk useful in cases

C brings many benefits not be meant for those is much better

D produce their own milk. (ii) The calososstrum a better generation. (iii)Milk substitutes are which is rich in in order to build required antibodies up nourishment. (iv) Many large companiesthis thatsort produce of substitutes milk substitute campaign in the to their new born babies. (v) But these substitutes operate large scale babies who are third world should already getting countries. enough 

346

(vi) So, we should abandon

produced during the milking

where mothers cannot

than cow's milk.

33. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A B C (i) On an average sewerage pipes and the are being used 55 lac pieces regular flow of drain everyday in water

D many low lying areas of the cities and towns go frequently under water. (ii) Most of we can recall the the rain water is not capable of being longest lasting flood in flowing to drains decomposed by natural 1998 and way. (iii)Then the this kind of blockage which result in the find their way into the polybags block by polythene obstructs complete drains. disruption of (iv) During the this huge quantity of our cultivable land the drainage system. rainy season used and and it (v) In this regard a potential threat to then thrown -out many parts of Dhaka polythene bags for over two months. (vi) Polythene is of polythene bags when flood water Dhaka city alone. also remained in 34. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A (i) Street accidents

D should be taken

C D in the major cities of the traffic rules. (ii) Thousands of people are almost to make the streets of Bangladesh. (iii)Proper steps die daily occurrences safe. (iv) New roads should be made in street accidents of the traffic rules. (v) People in generaland should be meted out aware in modern city the drivers in particular life. (vi) Exemplary punishment should be built to the violators every year. 35. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A (i) Marjorie K. Rawlings was (ii) She was born in (iii) (iv) 'The Yearling'.

B O'Henry Memorial

C orphan boy

a novel, and was educated about an She won theAward in 1933 Washington D. C. short story 

D is "A Mother in Mannville". in 1938. writer. called Jerry.

347

(v) She wrote

of the

(vi) The name

an American

was awarded the Pulitzer Prize story

in the University of Wisconsin. for a story entitled "Gidal Young Ua".

36. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A (i) Education (ii) As a boon

D education disperses inevitable live a happy life. devoid of they can and fosters the spirit of glorious survival. (iii)If people get is an the prerequisite to education. (iv) A community is obstacle for social development. (v) But poverty is education for any kind of development. (vi) Education educated the gloom of ignorance is nothing but a gang of savage. 37. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A B C D (i) Gypsies is used an interesting group of Indian people. (ii) Originally, are more to describe to introduce themselves gypsies important wandering people as Egyptians (iii)Some gypsies came about the year 1 ,500 who live in groups. (iv) Nowadays, the are in the group than the men. word 'gypsy' (v) The women went to Britain by dealing in scrap metal. (vi)In Britain, gypsies make their living from a caste of wandering people. often 38. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A (i) The 2 1st of February (ii) On this day in 1952 (iii)They were (iv) Because of their supreme (v) It is (vi) An official

B valiant youths

C important day

demanding that Bangla be is a very the language in which sacrifice, we have

D down their lives.

got our mother in our national tongue calendar. of the soil laid of the state. declared an official as our official language language. the government the majority of the population. language is usually the language of conducts all its business. 

348

39. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A (i) The name of our country (ii) Our neighbouring country India (iii)We have achieved

B C with green trees, is 1,47, 570 sq small hills is Bangladesh hundreds of flowing rivers is in three sides and it is an independent (iv) It was one of the the independence and the Bay of provinces Bengal is in one (v) Bangladesh is a land of of Pakistan and from beauty (vi) The land area of our country was called East Pakistan

D kilometres. and sea beaches. by name. Pakistan in 1971. country of southeast Asia side of our Bangladesh.

40. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A (i) Huge population (ii) Bangladesh

B is a wide spread disparity should create awareness (iii)About 48% of is responsible its population (iv) There to our national conscience (v) It is acute is placed prick (vi) Government are under

C D that so many of our which is alarming. people in human development reduce population. effort at 147 in order to among the people. the poverty line

in Bangladesh.

for the extreme poverty in income

are struggling hard. out of 1 74 poor countries of the world.

41. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A (i) E-commerce (ii) E-commerce (iii)Without ecommerce (iv) It

B will be very difficult includes

C customer relation which is on a series of

covers

to lose competitiveness the tasks that support

depends



D without employing ecommerce. essential for good business. required for moving information. in international trade.

349

(v) E-commerce

can improve

the media

(vi) Network infrastructure

the nation is bound

to improve export earnings

buying and selling of goods. underlying infrastructures.

42. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A B C D (i) Prince Hamlet was given out that uncertainty about for his crown. greatly the (ii) His uncle Claudius Claudius himself was words came to a face that was full of had the snake him that sorrow (iii)When Hamlet's by these doubts and which seemed to Hamlet's father to mind was troubled anxieties be very much death. (iv) The ghost of his twelve midnight and looked pale of the dead king. father with (v) Young Hamlet troubled by an a snake had the ghost of the dead suspected that poisoned king had appeared. (vi) The ghost came just appeared in three and had killed him manner of his father's as the clock struck successive nights death. 43. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A B (i) In chemistry is so acute arsenic (ii) Now this element to be checked

C in the tube-well water many diseases

(iii)Arsenic contaminated water (iv) The problem

that one of every ten persons

is referred to

D how to get rid of it. is under the threat of arsenicosis. white compound of brittle element.

has agreed to extend

all possible help to this problem in mitigate Bangladesh. (v) It is therefore, causes health hazards and teach people of many districts urgently needed and of Bangladesh. (vi) The World Bank is detected to be as a violently like sores and present in large poisonous. stomach troubles. quantities 44. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A B C (i) Presently flower gradually in 1984 cultivation expanded (ii) Flower cultivation has been brought in those places 

D in these areas. to earn currencies.

350

(iii)Flower garden

has been undertaken

in Bangladesh

(iv) Later flower grow abundantly in extensive areas cultivation (v) Over one hectare of started on commercial basis land (vi) Tube rose and took shape under massive flower marigold cultivation

much to the profit of the growers. from the year 1 979. in Jessore district. of other districts.

45. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A (i) The word drama (ii) A drama (iii)In Greece (iv) The Greek drama (v) The plays of Greek drama (vi) It is true that

tells us a story most of the plays

C D a Greek term in verse. were written great heights. by means of action meaning a thing done. classical drama of Dionysus. reached and speech.

comes from

with the worship

began are known as the art of drama

in prose.

46. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 (i) Football

(ii) A footballer (iii)We

B is expected

C for one and a half hours is to be is considered a common game

D within a short time.

everywhere. extremely energetic and alert. (iv) He see a familiar figure throughout the world. (v) This game becomes a footballer to us. (vi) A successful is played a popular hero in jersey, boots and footballer stockings. 47. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A (i) Bangladesh

B the main reason

(ii)

to reduce the prevalence is

D should receive high priority. to the quality and the in south-east Asia. quantity a higher prevalence of food consumed.

should be paid

why over 50% of the under nutrition of

(iii)Low birth weight (iv) Low birth

C associated with



351

weight is (v) Attention (vi) Intervention

has is strongly

children of low birth weight a least developed country

Bangladesh. of low birth weight. are under weight in Asia.

48. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A B (i) The National is the several Memorial at Savar graves of

C D stands on a base which is measuring 130 ft immeasurable. wide and it was (ii) It is an achievement is a symbol of the as the towers soar up laid on the first the dimensions nation's respect symbolizing anniversary of the Victory Day. (iii)It stands upright bow down our but it stands for an close to the towers. for the millions of heads in respect achievement martyrs (iv) Most prominently who laid down for the martyrs of the loftiness of their visible is their lives so that spirit. (v) The most moving sight of this memorial (vi) Standing in front of the graves we

of which can be measured

the martyred freedom among the nations fighters of the world.

the 150 ft tower that

we may stand upright, in honour and dignity

the War of Liberation in 1971.

49. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A B C (i) Travelling travelling is too much (ii) It has does not was difficult (iii)Some people much benefit mean that (iv) The benefit nowadays some for education (v) In ancient time travel for pleasure, because it helps (vi) Travelling of travelling has become

D much easier. and some for business. and full of problems. to gather experience. to describe. it is simply passing time.

50. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A B C D (i) The Red Fox seek their food by to pick up honey of wild bees. night (ii) Red Foxes is varied in season dug in the ground to venture out by day. (iii)Like all lives and they usually hunt scraps of discarded food 

352

foxes they (iv) Ground birds visit human dwellings (v) They (vi) The diet of meat

among the thorn bushes and willows

in winter. and where there is vegetation.

shelter in a burrow with fallen fruit and are killed by them though hunger may compel them

alone or in pairs. fringing the edges streams in Tibet

51. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A (i) Bangladesh is (ii) Bangladesh has (iii)The population control (iv) So first of all we should try

B C growth is not will never coming succeed to educate all of keeping one of the of 13 crore but poorest countries most of the programme

(v) When people will be the total educated population (vi) The rate of population

they will know the value

D people live below the poverty line to control population. density of the population.

the people of the the family small. country in the shortest down though the until the people of the government is country are educated. trying but it has the possible time. highest

52. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A (i) The incidents (ii) This nefarious activity (iii) The child and women traffickers (iv) The traffickers

B are used are

(v) Border points (vi) About 20 thousand

collect has over shadowed

women and children have found

C children and women increasing in Bangladesh the capital city

D of the medieval age. to transport child and women. annually.

the barbarous slavery from different areas. system by them as safe heaven. are being trafficked and some other developed countries

53. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A

D 

353

(i) The Olympic used to fight about Games (ii) It was first held upon a plan (iii)In those days hit was divided (iv) Men of different were named one another cities (v) A man named became after the town of Iphitos concerned Olympia (vi) He Greece in Olympia

long before the Christian era began. in Greece. such wasteful strife. to arrange athletic contests to stop rivalry. in many cities. most of the time.

54. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A (i) The traffic jam

B there are

(ii) In great cities of the is world (iii) But in our country are not taken (iv) Traffic jams the cause (v) Great suffering are most acute (vi) If urgent steps is caused

C a common feature during the time people go to to people various reasons of traffic jam is in this regard,

D the huge number of vehicles. that create traffic jam. city life will become intolerable. of city life today. by traffic jam. or return from their working places.

55. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A B (i) The great pyramid they buried the dead (ii) It is located the setting of the sun (iii)In fact, all the pyramids (iv) The ancient Egyptians (v) They also compared (vi) This is why

compared the rising

C for a king of the Nile River are on its

D of life. to the beginning of life. of the Nile.

along the Nile

of the sun

not far from Cairo.

was built thousands of years ago on the west bank

to the end

west bank.

on the west bank called Khufu.

56. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A (i) There lived (ii) With the small income

him home

C he used to support but worthy farmer 

D about himself. for themselves.

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(iii)One day while walking (iv) He found a purse (v) He carried it (vi) She advised

of gold

he was thinking to his wife.

through the fields and showed it dropped by a passerby . a poor which had been in a village. of his few acres of to use it himself, his wife and land. seven children.

57. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A (i) We must acknowledge (ii) The first lesson (iii)They taught us

B C how graceful the how to talk and Creator is of our house we discovered we learned to the parents and

D the endless mystery of Nature in order without colliding with each other. how to live.

(iv) But when we came how to eat from our out (v) We wondered marching to arrange everything then to nature. (vi) The planets are our debt in the heavenly plain parents. 58. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A B (i) A sunset scene of the sun (ii) At the end of the day become red

C or of a river goes down

(iii)The western sky (iv) The rays (v) The tops of the trees

undoubtedly presents is coloured the sun gradually

with a a unique look with the rays

(vi) Such a sight

by the side of a seashore

are soft

D and soothing. of the setting sun. of nature. red colour. in the western horizon. is very charming .

59. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A (i) Cinderella (ii) She (iii)She had (iv) They (v) Sometimes she (vi) So, the maiden

made lost

C by the name who were very unkind the name her mother in order to her to do all hard work

was two elder sisters was called crept in among the cinders 

D keep her warm. of a maiden. Cinderella. of the house. to her. in her childhood.

355

60. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A C (i) The college feels proud and who acts magazine happy (ii) It plays when he finds (iii)The editor of the is different from an important role college magazine other regular (iv) The magazine is a student to express their thoughts (v) The budding is the journals as it is the writers mouthpiece product of (vi) A student find an opportunity of the students

D of the college. young minds. his article in print. under the supervision of a teacher. in college life. and ideas.

61. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A

C history will enrich nowadays and parcel historical places and see is a part are becoming is considered a heavenly to your own country to know about

D our ancestor the beauties of it. selfish and rude. virtue. of our education. our sensibility.

(i) Visiting (ii) We read (iii)Travelling (iv) Go back (v) People (vi) Love of one's own country 62. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A (i) Aristotle (ii) He (iii)His father

B was was born wanted

a son him in Greece

(iv) But he (v) So he

taught studied

to be Aristotle

(vi) Plato

wanted

under a great thinker Plato

D from his childhood. a free thinker. according to his own way. of a royal physician. thousands of years ago. to be a physician.

63. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. ` 2x6=12 A (i) When William Shakespeare was a

B C D his birth is unknown Stratford and went all the countries nor do we to the of the world. 

356

(ii) His books have been he lived with his translated into family in (iii) And yet in spite of by tradition his the fame (iv) To begin with small boy, no one could have guessed (v) The exact date of our knowledge of much of his

know very much

local grammar school. have been about his performed in almost childhood. birth is celebrated on 23rd April 1564. that he would extremely become limited.

(vi) We can only assume dozens of languages life remains that and his plays

the most famous writer of all times.

64. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A (i) Gustave Eiffel (ii) He (iii)He (iv) Engineers (v) The French Government (vi) Gustave Eiffel

B made copied

C them to organise

D a world fair in Paris. of dams, factories and structures of great size. was born a 989 feet tower in Paris. proposed in a prosperous family as a symbol of the exhibition. decided from the central in France. school of Engineering graduated plan all over Europe.

65. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A (i) Bangladesh

C D made great of experienced with a title. contributions folk-collectors (ii) From the last half more than 50 folk tales came a rich cultural of the 18th century heritage. (iii)They is a land of folklore to the study all over Bangladesh. (iv) Dr Dinesh a large number to collection of to our country. Chandra folk materials (v) He appointed a record number of and published of proverbs, riddles, European them folk tales of aboriginals. (vi) Dr Sen edited made great and has within a short time. contribution 66. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A (i) Access to safe drinking water

C everyday 

D to dispose of the garbage.

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(ii) Supply of safe drinking has posed the capacity to water arrange it (iii)Around 6 thousand women is a serious threat and children

for the 21st century.

(iv) The water supply management haveauthorities not a fundamental right (v) Many countries are dying enough money (vi) Thus the water supply do not have a challenge

to the life and health of the people. for the urban poor. of all people of the world.

of water-borne diseases.

67. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A (i) Bonsai (ii) It (iii)It (iv) Early Japanese aristocrats (v) A Bonsai tree (vi) Bonsai

B is is is was originated showed is shaped

C carefully both a source of a fondness more than 1000 years ago a new form of a miniature form

D to remain small. pot-planting. in China. earning and pleasure. of a big tree. for Bonsai.

68. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A B (i) Mahatma Gandhi went (ii) He

saw

C the miserable condition to India

in England.

and made a movement to free India from the British. (iii)He was born Bar-at-law at Rajkot in Gujrat. (iv) He returned to South Africa of the Indian Nation. (v) He is called the father to practise it. (vi) He studied on October 2, 1894 of the Indians there. 69. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A (i) Faird (ii) The bus (iii)The bus conductor (iv) He

B pushed was was going made

C quietly him to college not a quarrelsome

(v) Farid (vi) So. he

stood was

crowded rude remarks 

D as usual. by a bus. boy. instead of protesting. aside. for standing in the way.

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70. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A (i) Men and women (ii) But women are (iii)To improve (iv) Education develops (v) The impact of (vi) An integrated approach

B educating girls are the two sides to development lagging far their lot the tendency of a mother

C to educate is beneficial of the behind men education must include

D education for girls. in many ways. is indispensable. to future generation. same coin. both male and female children.

71. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A (i) It (ii) Many people (iii)Moreover (iv) All these

B change is difficult move in and out do not follow

C in a zigzag in Bangladesh lanes cross over

(v) Drivers (vi) Rickshaws and babi-taxies

pedestrians make driving

traffic to drive

D signals. in Bangladesh. course. a nightmare experience. frequently. whenever and wherever they wish.

72. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A (i) The (ii) Computers (iii) It

B C can solve being used today is capable of of computer can hardly a source of

(iv) It (v) At present a modern man (vi) It is

also invention are

go doing extremely complicated work the most complex

D in all branches. mathematical problems. is a triumph of modern technology. enjoyment. without computer. everywhere.

73. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A (i) Drug abuse

take

C a serious concern 

D and many of them are even 40 years of age.

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(ii) At present it is as it is bordered by (iii) The number of drug areaddicts inlargely Bangladesh confined

major national issues. two biggest drug trafficking areas.

(iv) The users

to stop drug trafficking.

are

necessary steps and frame rigorous rules one of our

(v) The sale of drugs is rising alarmingly (vi) Government has generally teenagers, should become youths

to slums and narrow areas. of international community.

74. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A (i) The sinking of the Titanic (ii) She (iii) She was

B not only the largest ship has moved everyone will always be

(iv) The tragic sinking was sailing of this great ship (v) Titanic was carrying (vi) The Titanic

was sinking rapidly

C 1316 passengers

D of the North Atlantic Ocean. that had ever been but was also regarded as built unsinkable. of the world she went down on the first voyage. without making to pity. the captain across the icy and crew conscious of it. waters remembered for and a crew of 891.

75. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A B C D (i) The great also finds time with a fund gives us in our day's work. advantage of early of energy rising (ii) The early riser the mind is a large amount of of other distractions. fresh hard work (iii)In the early is and there are few in the fresh morning air. morning sounds (iv) In many cases the knows that to take exercise before other men have got early riser out of bed. (v) This exercise has done the good start it he can be expected to do and is not tempted to hurry over any part of it. (vi) An early riser supplies him he has plenty of that will last until the time to do all the evening. work 

360

76. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A B (i) A Sultan wanted except one to blushed and refused (ii) He asked for find an honest man (iii)According to (iv) When they arrived (v) As soon as all (vi) All the people

C D the Sultan asked all the he invited applicants applications.

to dance because their a dark and empty pockets were filled with corridor. the money the applicants because a number of he asked them to were assembled people applied for the dance. before job and the suggestion- of to collect taxes in his to come to the wise men kingdom and for that palace. a wise counselor’s go up to the Sultan, one placed in the advice at a time, through corridor by the Sultan. they were told to the Sultan sitting on his he was unable to throne choose an honest man.

77. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A (i) The life of (ii) As a result (iii)Floods have (iv) Moreover (v) Although the growth rate (vi) Poverty has been

B C an ever present spectre has been shaped devastated our lands has added to this problem rapid population in the life growth has slowed down the population has almost nearly seventy per cent and tidal waves of the population from the sea our people suffer from

D of the people. various degrees of malnutrition. to a great extent. doubled since independence. by tragedy. have swept away thousands of lives.

78. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A B C D (i) Hospitality has a genuine interest people are still state of affairs. long been (ii) Although to foreigners even if in the foreigner's questions. many other (iii)They like for Bangladeshis meant by such quite polite and friendly speaking towards foreigners. 

361

(iv) It is quite common (v) It should be understood (vi) They express

that no harm is

they have not been things are changing to ask personal now, a part of our culture

in Bangladesh. introduced. questions about family, jobs and income.

79. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A B (i) We can can pass through (ii) Many illnesses enter the body (iii) Germs can are spread (iv) Infections can be caused by (v) They become ill (vi) Insects also pass on

from some diseases different through infected food in

or water. types of worms. many ways. to human body. a cut or wound. person to person.

80. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A B (i) From the beginning of on May 3, 1886, the Industrial police fired into

C and injured an

D Harvest Machine Company, Chicago. (ii) To decrease this long striker, wounded workers continue is observed as working five or six others May Day. (iii)In continuation of this the sacrifice of these workers May 1st of to be exploited. movement every year (iv) And killed at least one is a reminder that a crowd of strikers undetermined at Mc. Comick number. (v) From this time to Revolution people been started by or more hours a commemorate in factories some labour unions day. (vi) The events of May shift, in 1880 a used to work for and unorganised Day 1886 movement had fourteen workers. 81. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A (i) You cannot take

B in that way

(ii) It is rude

(iii)By approaching it as a friend (iv) You only begin to get a good book good (v) A book from a book

D from our own point of view. you make sure of the book's spirit come losing anything together. and very silly it were medicine. and actively like it if any good is to pass between you. as if it might have to give like



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you. (vi) You must meet it to the book when your spirit and a living person. 82. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A (i) The young man (ii) At last he (iii)The king of that city (iv) He (v) He (vi) Many

B C D had tried three difficult tasks. had set his daughter to the man daughter. came a beautiful city. would marry to win her on his journey. had to a large in marriage. passed from one country to who would be able to another perform these tasks.

83. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 B is friendless

C D (i) Friendship increases by the doubling of of little value. happiness our joy (ii) If we do well, it is our joys are of our success that and the dividing rendered they receive pleasure of our grief. (iii)For man who or soon fall upon more intense and by being shared us more permanent with friends. (iv) Such possessions contribute to our if we engage in them in solitude. (v) Our amusements have delightful the attainment of enabling us to do little zest wealth, honour is good to other. (vi) Thus in every case, and diminishes happiness mostly by from it as we do. misery 84. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A B (i) An Arab ship reached

D the Governor of Iraq.

(ii) The ship

C by sea-robbers from Debul, was attacked a party of Muslims

(iii)They

sent a

when he heard what had happened. to Rajah Dahir to the ruler of Sind. from Ceylon to Mecca for the Hajj. a sea-port in Sind. Muslim women and children.

to Hajjaj-bin-Yusuf,

(iv) This sad news was carrying the ship and carried away (v) He was messenger (vi) Then he looted angry



363

85. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A B C D (i) Once a cook asked he quickly noticed to the other leg. (ii) The roast sat down to eat a duck the missing leg. (iii)The cook roasted temptation the drumsticks. (iv) He ate up one of to eat it. (v) When his master looked what had happened delicious. (vi) He could not resist very for his master. 86. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A B C D (i) Bangladesh has forward their children. (ii) But it should come to educate population. (iii)Most people is below just after a few years. here (iv) They can not afford a huge country. (v) Many poor live school the poverty line. children (vi) So government drop out a small to solve this problem. 87. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A B C D (i) Men, animals and plants are the important feeding and nestling elements place. (ii) They are closely to each other. (iii)But some birds and animals are going the destruction of extinct. their (iv) One of the reasons cause the destruction of of eggs. (v) The other causes are related the collection wild life. (vi) The wide spread chemicals is to be of our natural and pesticides also environment. 88. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A B C D (i) Myanmar is also by many people in 1948. spoken (ii) It gained independence in Myanmar. (iii)All most all people is Myanmar language (iv) There are longyi tribal languages too. (v) English is situated in south-east Asia. (vi) The national dress of speak a number of for both men and Myanmar women. 

364

89. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A B C D (i) The common form of can still be relationship ' in the past. marriage in Kenya found (ii) But things are changing in the rural of monogamy. areas (iii)The polygamous can not cut off to new practice with their members in the marriage village. (iv) Many polygamous was because of modern outlook of the families Kenyans. (v) Many Kenyans have shifted to town of Kenya. (vi) But they is yielding polygamy to earn livelihood. 90. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A B C D (i) Dr. Zoha passed in Bakuria in 1953 and 1954. (ii) He was born his Ph.D. in west Bengal. (iii)He had the post of proctor in 1948 and 1950 respectively. (iv) He took up the Matriculation and as a lecturer in 1961. Intermediate exams (v) Dr. Zoha joined Rajshahi University from Imperial College, London. (vi) He did his Honours and M.A. in 1968. degrees 91. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A B C D (i) Charles Karoro depends a garden for want of space. (ii) But day to day is very costly in Nairobi. life (iii)Karoro come to the capital to find jobs. (iv) His wife, Maria cannot make a handsome salary. (v) His family gets entirely on Karoro. (vi) His relatives lives in a small apartment. 92. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A (i) A family ties (ii) The ties of nuclear families (iii)Woman

B is getting have begun

C in such contributing

started

intensified 

D families. to their family income. day by day.

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(iv) Both husband and wife are increasing on the increase household activities. (v) The number of single -mother is their nowadays. families (vi) The psychological problems share to disintegrate in developed of children countries. 93. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A (i) Communicative Competence (ii) There

C learners of a second language two ways of developing

are

(iii)Acquisition encourage (iv) In non-technical means term, acquisition (v) Acquisition is (vi) Teachers is

picking up a language the way of developing ability called the ability of using language

D communicative competence. appropriately in different circumstances . in their mother tongue. to practice language. implicit learning spontaneously.

94. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A (i) 350 million people (ii) It (iii)International conferences (iv) The business world (v) Job advertisements often (vi) English 95.

maintain

C for people the official or semiofficial language a person

D through English. in more than 60 countries. as a first language.

are ask

English communication

in English. to get a good job.

held

good at English.

speak helps

Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12

A (i) Raghib and Adeeb (ii) Adeeb

B took out wanted

C several times a book called

(iii)He (iv) On the other hand Raghib (v) He (vi) He

started bought

his bicycle reading

fell off started

to ride to learn 

D on the street. how to ride a bicycle. the book. "How to Ride a Bicycle." from the bicycle. it.

366

96. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A B C D (i) The family ties of the spend their free time of the family. Chinese (ii) The Chinese gather the unity strong. (iii)They emphasizes at the park to entertain people. (iv) There are in the open air for people. (v) Sometimes musicians are lots of nice, clean to spend their free and acrobats parks time. (vi) In the evening many perform very watching television. families 97. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A B (i) For the Germans is leisure (ii) The Germans are (iii)Almost half of all has adults in become Germany (iv) There are (v) Going to dance have clubs or long made drives (vi) In Germany there are

a trip

pursuit.

fond of even a German Leisure Association

traveling. outside the country.

other favourtie

to conduct research on leisure activities. pastimes.

many sports centres for the exercise a common

of the young people.

367

(vi) This

were the only instrument

attitude of the world for the Islamic towards women countries.



Rearrangement

PART C: GUIDED WIRTING (40 MARKS) Rerranging for Parctice (Question No. 12) 1. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) His drama 'A Dance of the Forests' was performed on Nigeria's Independence celebrations.

373

(ii) Other plays by Soyinka include The Lion and The Jewel', 'The Road'. (iii) His play ‘The Road’ has its source in the Nigerian folklore. (iv) He writes in English. (v) He is a noble laureate. (vi) He also published 'Idanre and other poems' and a novel ‘The Interpreters'. (vii) Wole Soyinka did not welcome influence of western civilization on Africa. (viii) Wole Soyinka is an African playwright and a poet. (ix) In his play ‘The Lion and the Jewel' he shows the imposition of modern civilization on Africa is a threat to individuality. (x) Wole Soyinka became the director of the school of Drama at the University Of lbadan in 1969. (xi) He was educated in Ibadan University, Nigeria and Leeds University, England. (xii) He studied the theatre in London where his play, The Invention, was produced. (xiii) He returned to Ibadan in 1960 to investigate indigenous drama forms. (xiv) Soyinka was born in Abelkota on July 13, 1934. 2. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) The students however started jumping over the gate and scaled the walls. (ii) He rushed to the spot and took the injured students to hospital. (iii) They were locked in a clash with police in front of Rajshahi Medical College. (iv) The students joined the protest and took out a procession. (v) On February 17, section 144 was imposed in Rajshahi city. (vi) A flame of protest spread out after Sergeant Zohurul Haque was killed. (vii) He attained martyrdom in the pre-liberation period, (viii) Dr. Shamsuzzoha was a prominent teacher in Rajshahi University. (ix) The gate was locked to prevent the agitating students, (x) The armed forces were deployed in front of the university main gate. (xi) The students were preparing to violate section 144 again. (xii) Next morning on Friday 18, tension grew on the campus. (xiii) Dr. Zoha, a Professor of chemistry and Proctor of the university head this. (xiv) As a result many students were injured. 3. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) And he did for me the unnecessary thing, the gracious thing that we find done only by the great of heart. (ii) I brought money to pay for the job and he refused it. (iii) He was standing back of his own carelessness. (iv) "But no one hits accurately every time." I told him. (v) Things no training can teach, for they are done on the instant, with no predicated experience. (vi) "The fault was in the wood of the handle." (vii) He found a cubbyhole beside the fireplace that I had not noticed. (viii) He was a freewill agent and he chose to do careful work, and if he failed, he took the responsibility without subterfuge. 

374

(ix) "I'll pay for it," he said. (x) Jerry said the orphanage wood-shop would repair it. (xi) The axe-handle broke one day. (xii) "I brought the axe down careless. (xiii) It was only then that he would take the money. (xiv) There, of his own accord, he put wood so that I might always have dry material ready in case of sudden wet weather. 4. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) He joined the Burma Police in 1923. (ii) His unique political allegory 'Animal Farm' was published in 1945. (iii) Eri Arthur Blair was born in 1903 in India. (iv) The family moved to England in 1907. (v) He had become the embodiment of the man in the street. (vi) He served with Indian Imperial Police in Burma. (vii) George Orwell died in 1950. (viii) This experience inspired his first novel 'Burmese Days' (1934). (ix) It is perhaps his best in the realm of fiction. (x) His father worked there for the civil service. (xi) He rejected the conventions and left Eton. (xii) He entered Eton College in 1919. (xiii) There he wrote in various college magazines. (xiv) His pen-name was George Orwell. 5. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) Gustave proposed a 989 foot tower of iron as a symbol of construction. (ii) His mother was not so optimistic for him. (iii) It is named after Gustave Eiffel. (iv) He cherished a plan of making skyscrapers. (v) The construction of the tower began in January 1887. (vi) He told his mother, "I have got some idea." (vii) It is in Paris. (viii) He graduated from the central school. (ix) And was completed in March 1889. (x) In 1880, some French industrialists suggested the govt. to organize a World's Fair in Paris. (xi) He is a Frenchman who built the Tower. (xii) He worked in a railway construction company. (xiii) Have you heard the name of the Eiffel tower? (xiv) For years he made plan after plan. 6. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) Napoleon rose quickly to a high position in the army by his good work and courage. (ii) He worked hard and made them work hard. (iii) He grew very powerful. 

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(iv) About one hundred and fifty years ago there lived in France one of the greatest soldiers called Napoleon. (v) He soon became the greatest man in the country. (vi) France under him was very powerful. (vii) He won victories over them. (viii) But he was kind to them when there was no need to be hard. (ix) When he was young, he entered the French Army. (x) He chose the officers who worked with him very carefully. (xi) He joined army as an ordinary soldier. (xii) He was hard to them when there was need to be so. (xiii) He fought several wars with the neighboring countries. (xiv) He loved his men and paid them well. 7. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) Now a new thinking took hold of the farmer. (ii) He said to him, "Look, my friend! I have brought one thousand rupees for you." (iii) The farmer was surprised. (iv) The rich man went to the farmer with one thousand rupees in a bag. (v) He always thought that his money could be stolen any time. (vi) He took the bag of money from the rich man and thanked him. (vii) This thought kept him awake and his sleep fled away at night. (viii) "Keep this money and remove your distress. (ix) He could not think where to keep the money. (x) He did not find any safe place to keep the bag. (xi) He gradually realised that he had money but no peace of mind. (xii) He dug a hole in his hut and kept the money there. (xiii) So, he could not devote himself to his work. (xiv) He said to himself, "One thousand rupees is a lot of money." 8. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) In his thirteenth year, he along with his father went to visit the Himalayas. (ii) After the completions of his house education, he was sent to school. (iii) He did not continue it and returned home. (iv) He wrote his poetic novel 'Banaful1 at the age of fifteen. (v) In 1941, at the age of eighty, he passed away. (vi) But he did not like institutional education. (vii) At the age of seventeen, he was sent to London to study law. (viii) He was born in the renowned Tagore family in March, 1861. (ix) Rabindranath was one of the most leading poets in the history of world literature. (x) He was at the same time a poet, novelist, dramatist, philosopher and a musician. (xi) He translated his poems of 'Gitanjali' into English in 1911 and it brought him the Nobel Prize. (xii) Only at the age of eight, he started composing poems. 

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(xiii) When he was sixteen, his poems and essays were being published in journals. (xiv) But he studied literature with Professor Henry Morley. 9. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) Ali watered the palm tree. (ii) Bashir agreed to share the juice with Ali. (iii) Bashir had to share the cow's milk with Ali. (iv) The clever man whispered something into All's ears. (v) Ali started beating the cow just when Bashir was about to milk it. (vi) Bashir requested Ali not to cut the palm tree. (vii) A clever man noticed everything. (viii) Bashir milked the cow and drank the milk. (ix) Ali was the younger brother and Bashir was the elder. (x) Bashir grew fatter and Ali became thinner day by day. (xi) There lived two brothers named Ali and Bashir. (xii) They inherited a cow that Ali grazed everyday. (xiii) One day their father died. (xiv) Bashir drank the juice alone. 10. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) He told them of deserts, caves and mountains high enough to touch the sky. (ii) Brabantio, a rich senator of Venice, had only one child, a daughter named Desdemona. (iii) Her pity soon turned to love and she confessed to Othello that she loved him. (iv) She refused them all because she loved Othello, a noble Moor from North Africa."' (v) Othello told them strange stories of battles he had fought in and places he had seen. (vi) Desdemona was fascinated by his stories and especially by the story of his life. (vii) Othello was a brave soldier who had risen to become a general. (viii) He had shown his bravery in many bloody battles against the Turks. (ix) She pitied Othello for the misfortunes and hardships of his life. (x) She was so beautiful that many young men of the best families wished to marry her. (xi) Everyone praised him and the senate trusted and honoured him. (xii) He also told them of men who ate human flesh and of strange race of people whose heads were under their shoulders. (xiii) Brabantio often invited Othello to his house where he and his daughter listened in wonder to Othello as he spoke about his adventures. (xiv) Hearing it, she had to weep and she never became tired of listening to it. 11. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 

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(i)

He often visited the Houses of Parliament and listened to Gladstone and John Blight's debates on Irish Home Rule. (ii) He returned home without any qualifications of distinction. (iii) He joined his brother's family at Brighton and attended school there. (iv) At the age of seventeen, in 1878, he arrived in London. (v) Young Tagore joined London University, where he- attended Henry Morley's lectures on English literature. (vi) But soon his brother sent him to London to benefit from the education in the west. (vii) But the girls' parents in fact treated him like a son. (viii) He was quite happy in Brighton. (ix) He described London as a dismal city, smoky, foggy and wet. (x) Rabindranath was the fourteenth child of Debendranath and Sarada Devi Tagore. (xi) Away from his brother's home he was lucky to find a friendly English family of Dr. and Mrs. Scott. (xii) Though he was full of admiration for English society yet he was called back to India in 1880. (xiii) He went to school early and wrote his first verse at the age of eight. (xiv) Their two daughters were taken aback with the presence of a 'blackie' in the house. 12. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) The roast looked so delicious that the cook could not resist the temptation and ate up one of the drumsticks. (ii) The master was not to be fooled. (iii) The master was very annoyed with the stubbornness of the cook and threatened to fire him from his job. (iv) He drew the attention of his master and showed him that some ducks indeed have one leg. (v) The cook insisted that this duck had only one leg. (vi) One of the ducks was standing on one leg and had the other leg folded inside. (vii) It put down its other leg as well and ran off. (viii) A cook once roasted a duck for his master. (ix) The cook told him that the duck had one leg only. (x) Right at that moment the cook looked out of the window and saw come ducks resting outside in the courtyard. (xi) The master looked at the cook. (xii) The master clapped his hands loudly which startled the duck. (xiii) He said that there was no such thing as a one legged duck. (xiv) When his master sat down to ear he quickly noticed the mission leg and asked what had happened to the other leg. 13. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) And it helped to rescue survivors from the icy water. (ii) But of the 2,224 passengers, only about 700 survived. 

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(iii) In the early hours of the morning the Titanic' sank. (iv) But something good came out of the sinking of the Titanic'. (v) Then her band was playing bravely on deck. (vi) Twenty minutes later another liner, the 'Carpathi' arrived on the scene. (vii) It was a terrible disaster, (viii) In 1913 there was a committee of inquiry into the disaster. (ix) This committee drew up many new rules for shipping companies. (x) Since then, every ship had to provide life-boat for each passenger. (xi) This Patrol warns ships about ice and ice-bergs in the North Atlantic. (xii) Another important result of the sinking of the Titanic' was the formation of an international Ice Patrol. (xiii) Every ship has had to carry enough radio operators so that there is always one of them on duty. (xiv) And every ship had to organise life-boat drill during each voyage too. 14. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) After a few days the fruit seller asked the grocer to return his balance and weights to him. . (ii) So the grocer sent his son with the fruit seller. (iii) The grocer thought to himself, 'The illiterate fruit seller is a great fool." (iv) "A crow carried your son away," replied the fruit seller. (v) One day a grocer borrowed a balance and weights from a fruit seller. (vi) "You liar. How can a crow carry away such a big boy?" The grocer shouted angrily. (vii) The grocer said, "The mice ate away your balance and weights. I am sorry that I cannot return them to you." (viii) Then one day the fruit seller said to the grocer, "I am going to the town to do some shopping. Please send your son with me to carry my things. We will come back tomorrow." (ix) The grocer understood the point. (x) "Where is my son?" asked the grocer. (xi) The next day the fruit seller came alone from the town. (xii) "Just the same way as mice can eat away the balance and weights", said the fruit seller. (xiii) But he controlled his temper and said, "Never mind, I cannot blame you. It is my bad luck." (xiv) The lame excuse of the dishonest grocer made the fruit seller very angry. 15. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) The boy was afraid of going to the well alone. (ii) The boy was in a fix. (iii) A boy was learning his lessons and his mother was sleeping. (iv) Suddenly he remembered a well and it was at the other end of the locality. (v) At last he thought "My mother is thirsty, I must bring water for her. God will help me." (vi) The night was dark and still. 

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(vii) He stood silent for sometimes. (viii) But he found that the pitcher was empty. (ix) All the people of the houses nearby were fast asleep. (x) It was mid night. (xi) He thought and thought. (xii) Whom would he ask for water? (xiii) The boy rose up and went to the pitcher to fill a glass with water. (xiv) Suddenly his mother raised her head and said, "A glass of water, my boy. I am thirsty." 16. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) He sat on the door-step of his house looking out on the public street. (ii) So, he went out of his room. (iii) Socrates could not tolerate this. (iv) She always tried to irritate Socrates. (v) One day the woman became more furious than ever. (vi) She went up to him with a bucket full of water. (vii) They were greatly astonished. (viii) Socrates wife used to lose temper on the slightest excuse. (ix) At that time some passers-by where walking along the street. (x) This made his wife more furious. (xi) They saw the incident. (xii) She began to insult him. (xiii) She thought that her husband was not paying the least heed to her. (xiv) She poured much water on him. 17. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) Dynamite is an explosive. (ii) The Nobel Prize has been given since 1901. (iii) To atone for it, he wanted to give prize as he felt to do something. (iv) He undertook a plan to give an award for encouraging the creative work and for setting up peace in the world. (v) His father Emanuel Nobel was an architect and researcher. (vi) He had ammunition business at Leningrad. (vii) In 1850 Alfred joined his father's company. (viii) This award was named after Alfred Nobel and it was called 'Nobel Prize'. (ix) He was an engineer and chemist. (x) It was meant to be used in the hard rock mining. (xi) He earned a lot of money from his dynamite business. (xii) After some years, Alfred Nobel invented Dynamite. (xiii) Dr Alfred Nobel was born on 21st October, 1833 at Stockholm in Sweden. (xiv) But Alfred saw it used in the battlefield. 18. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) He would never refuse to assist a neighbour. (ii) The children would shout with joy when they saw him. (iii) He thought of going home. 

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(iv) He did not like to work in his own farm. (v) He caught fish all day without murmur. (vi) His wife scolded him always for his idleness but in vain. (vii) Rip Van Winkle was born at a village in America. (viii) One day he went away into the woods with his gun and his dog Wolf. (ix) The sun was about to set. (x) He was simple and good natured. (xi) He told them stories of ghosts and witches. (xii) He got upon the highest part of the mountain. (xiii) Rip Van was not really lazy. (xiv) Soon he heard a voice from a distance. 19. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) "So, I have lost even my own piece of meat", saying the words the dog went away. (ii) He came to a stream. (iii) He looked down and saw his shadow in the water. (iv) He said to himself, "I was greedy and foolish. I did not think it was my own shadow." (v) So, he wished to get that piece also. (vi) He barked and jumped into the water. (vii) He took his shadow to be another dog with a piece of meat. (viii) There was a bridge over the stream. (ix) The dog then understood his mistake that it was not a real dog. (x) One day a dog, stealing a piece of meat from a shop, began to run fast. (xi) He came to the middle of the stream and stopped there. (xii) Then his piece of meat fell into the water. (xiii) The dog was running over the bridge. (xiv) "My greed made me blind." 20. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) He did not give anything to his third daughter. (ii) At last the king realised his follies. (iii) He needed peace and rest. (iv) The first and second daughters flattered him. (v) So, he decided to divide his kingdom among his three daughters. (vi) But the third one told the truth which he did not like. (vii) Afterwards, Goneril and Regan showed cruelty to their father. (viii) He was tired of ruling the kingdom. (ix) But first he wanted to know who loved him most. (x) Then Lear divided his kingdom between the first two daughters. (xi) King Lear had three daughters. (xii) They drove him into the storm. (xiii) He became insane and died. (xiv) Their names were Goneril, Regan and Cordelia. 

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21. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) One day he noticed a spider's attempt of climbing up the wall. (ii) They drove him away from his kingdom. (iii) But every time he was defeated shamefully. (iv) The king fled in disorder to a forest. (v) He formed a new troop and fought against his enemies. (vi) He took shelter in an old abandoned fort. (vii) He was joined there by many of his faithful followers. (viii) We should persevere in having our goals. (ix) It succeeded to reach the roof on the eighth attempt. (x) The king realised the hint of the spider's attempt. (xi) Robert Bruce was the king of Scotland. (xii) He got back his lost kingdom. (xiii) He was inspired and he defeated his enemies at last. (xiv) Once he was defeated by his enemies. 22. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) They often spent their time together. (ii) The first friend then came down from the tree and asked him, "Friend, what did the bear whisper in your ears?" (iii) The bear came along and smelt the nose and ears of the man on the ground. (iv) So, he fell flat on the ground like a dead man. (v) Once there were two friends. (vi) The forest was full of wild animals. (vii) One of the friends at once climbed up a nearby tree. (viii) One day they were going through a forest. (ix) They promised to help each other in danger. (x) But he knew that a bear does not touch a dead body. (xi) All on a sudden, they saw a big bear coming towards them. (xii) The other friend did not know how to climb up tree. (xiii) The second friend replied, "The bear told me, "Don't trust a man who leaves his friend in danger." (xiv) The bear thought him to be a dead man and went away. 23. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) But Bidya Sagar was determined to go home to respond to his mother's call. (ii) He breathed his last on 29 July, 1901. (iii) The principal of the Fort William College did not grant him leave. (iv) He served the humanity very profoundly. (v) Indeed he is a great source of inspiration to our exposure. (vi) His death is a great loss to us. (vii) We remember him still with honour. (viii) Biday Sagar went to Calcutta when he was only eight. (ix) When he had completed his education there he joined the Fort William College as a lecturer. (x) His mother sent a letter telling him to go home, 

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(xi) Ishwar Chandra Bidya Sagar was born In 1820. (xii) He got himself admitted into the Sanskrit College at the age of nine. (xiii) Many a great man like Karl Marx. Abraham Lincoln, Walter Whitman, John Ruskfn were born in this century. (xiv) Subsequently, he was appointed principal of Sanskrit College. 24. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) The king then asked, "How long would you live?" (ii) The astrologer told something very unpleasant. (iii) He then thought for a while for some way of escape. (iv) He thought that the king would prove him a liar putting him to death. (v) At this the king turned pale. (vi) "Drive this wretch away and let him not come again", shouted the king. (vii) I shall wait to receive your majesty where you have been sending me. (viii) The king was fond of knowing his future from the astrologer. (ix) The king called him to the palace. (x) At this the king got furious and condemned him to death. (xi) A good astrologer visited the capital of the king. (xii) Once there was a king. (xiii) With ready wit he said. "The stars declare that I'll die only a week before your death!" (xiv) But another thought crossed his mind before the astrologer was removed for execution. 25. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) They gave it food and water and it became tame. (ii) The old man told him about his last journey on the sea. (iii) One day they saw an albatross. (iv) Even the sea was frozen and ice was all around them. (v) The albatross is a big sea bird. (vi) They had sailed away to the south, he said, until they arrived in the cold grey seas. (vii) He had a strange mad look in his eyes. (viii) The old sailor sat on a stone outside the church. (ix) Suddenly he stopped one of the guests. (x) He spoke very strangely that the guest stood still. (xi) The marriage ceremony was over and the guests were all going to the feast. (xii) He saw people walking past him. (xiii) There was a ship, the old sailor began. (xiv) The feast began but the guest stood still and listened to the story. 26. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) He saw a big place on the top of the tree. (ii) The mother got furious to see it. (iii) One day, the widow told him to sell the calf. (iv) Once upon a time, there lived a poor widow, 

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(v) Next morning, the boy saw a big nut tree beside the window. (vi) In the evening, the boy returned home with those pea-nuts. (vii) The son was foolish. (viii) The boy took the calf to the market. (ix) She threw away the pea-nuts out of the window. (x) An old man took the calf for three pea-nuts. (xi) He climbed up the tree. (xii) But he could not sell it. (xiii) She had a son. (xiv) The calf was their only asset. 27. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) The Olympic Games were named after the town of Olympia in Greece. (ii) There were various items including horse race also. (iii) For over 1500 years no games were held again. (iv) His suggestion was not immediately accepted. (v) The Olympic Games went on Greek and Roman times. (vi) The sports ground was called the stadium. (vii) But in 394 A. D., the Roman Emperor stopped the games. (viii) Do you know from where the Olympic Games were originated? (ix) The Greek warriors tried to have friendship among them. (x) Baron Pierre de Coubertin spread the ancient games among the nations of the world. (xi) At last, it was succeeded and the first modern Olympic Games were held in 1896 in Athens. (xii) In those days, Greece was divided into many cities and men of different cities used to fight against one another most of the time. (xiii) It was in Olympia where the games were first held long before the Christian era began. (xiv) Iphitos invited the best athletes from the nearby cities to the valley of Olympia to take part in athletic contests. 28. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) Iphitos's plan worked well. (ii) The Greek warriors tried to out do their rivals in friendly games and sports. (iii) The Olympic Games were named after the town of Olympia in Greece. (iv) It was in Olympia that the games were first held long before the Christian era began. (v) He hit upon a plan. (vi) He invited the best athletes from the nearby cities to the valley of Olympia to take part in athletic contests. (vii) In those days Greece was divided into many cities. (viii) Men of different cities used to fight one another most of the time. (ix) At first contests included running and leaping, boxing and wrestling, and throwing the discuss and the javelin. (x) A man named Iphitos became concerned about such wasteful strifes. (xi) Later, contests with horses were introduced. 

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(xii) The Olympic Games went on in Greek and Roman times. (xiii) But in 394 A.D. the Roman Emperor stopped the games. (xiv) The sports ground was called the stadium. 29. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) "I am about to leave you, dear sons. But I have something to say to you." (ii) They sowed the grapes seed. (iii) They learnt that "Industry is the key to success." (iv) They dug out the soil for many times. (v) There was a farmer on the deathbed. (vi) They returned home angrily. (vii) He called his sons to him. (viii) They could realise the hidden meaning of their father. (ix) They wished happy life for their father. (x) "Go to the vineyard and share everything you find there." (xi) They went to the vineyard and began to dig out the soil. (xii) 'There is hidden treasure" they thought. (xiii) There was excellent production of grapes. (xiv) They were tired and said, "What is here nonsense?" 30. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) By chance it pierced a boy standing in the jungle. (ii) The Sultan's hobby was hunting. (iii) The boy instantly died. (iv) Long ago, there was a Sultan in Bengal. (v) One day he was on hunting deer in the jungle. (vi) The arrow missed aim. (vii) The Quazi called for the Sultan and said, "According to the law of the country, you will be punished. But if you can please the widow by giving compensation for the loss, you may get rid of the due punishment." (viii) The widow was very much shocked. (ix) He shot an arrow aiming at a fawn. (x) His name was Giasuddin Azam. (xi) He was the only son of a widow. (xii) His capital was at Sonargaon near Dhaka. (xiii) She went to the Quazi and complained against the Sultan for justice. (xiv) He was a very just and kind ruler. 31. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) It was a long Journey. (ii) So he arranged that both of them would ride and lead the camel by turns. (iii) The Muslim general said nothing. (iv) The ruler said, "Certainly he is not the caliph." (v) He wore a plain dress and rode on a camel. (vi) Everyday the Christian ruler came out of the holy city and stood on the road to look for the caliph. 

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(vii) When the camel drew near, the Muslim general announced the arrival of the caliph. (viii) Jerusalem was more than two hundred miles away from Medina. (ix) The servant led the camel by holding the rein. (x) Now the Muslim general and the Christian ruler were waiting eagerly for the caliph. (xi) The Christian ruler at first did not believe him. (xii) So the caliph took a servant with him. (xiii) At last, after several days the Muslim general and the Christian ruler saw at a distance some one riding a camel. (xiv) The caliph thought that it would be very hard with servant to walk along the road in this way. 32. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) One day the farmer was on the point of death. (ii) The sons were idle and averse to labour. (iii) They lastly understood that labour brings good luck. (iv) Once upon a time there lived an old farmer. (v) So as soon as the farmer was dead, they came to the vineyard with spades. (vi) The farmer had three sons. (vii) But he had buried all that he had in the vineyard. (viii) They thought that their father had deceived them. (ix) The vines yielded plenty of grapes that year. (x) The ground was thoroughly cultivated. (xi) Then the son realised what treasure their father had buried for them. (xii) But they found no treasure. (xiii) He called his sons and said that he was departing from the world. (xiv) They turned over the soil of the vineyard. 33. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) When he was ten, he was admitted to a local primary school. (ii) Kazi Nazrul Islam, our national poet, was born of a poor family in 1899 in the village Churulia of Bardwan in West Bengal. (iii) He fled away from his home to Asansol when he was twelve years old and became a baker's boy. (iv) He lost his father at the age of eight. (v) A Muslim sub-inspector of police took this extra-ordinary boy to his village home. (vi) Then he studied at Darirampur High School. (vii) At the age of eleven, Nazrul showed his poetic genius. (viii) From there Nazrul came back to Asansol and joined a local high school. (ix) The First World War broke out in 1914 and he joined the Army at the age of nineteen. (x) After the war, he returned from the battle field and began to write poems. His famous poem 'Bidrohi was published in 1920. (xi) Even in the Army life he went on composing literary works. 

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(xii) He was put into jail for writing 'Agnibina'. (xiii) At the age of twenty two, Nazrul edited the bi-weekly paper 'Dhumketu'. (xiv) But he did not stop writing. 34. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) They set it on fire. (ii) Finally Dr. Zoha was shot in the back at 11 in the morning. (iii) Seeing the armed forces taking position. Dr. Zoha came forward. (iv) Later he was bayonet charged too. (v) Meanwhile, the students doused a parked army jeep with kerosene. (vi) The teachers saw this. (vii) The armed forces saw the situation. (viii) They started to take up position against the students. (ix) Then he declared that their bullets would pierce his heart first. (x) He requested the armed forces not to open fire on the students. (xi) But they did not pay any heed to him. (xii) The situation went beyond control. (xiii) The agitated students of Rajshahi University started to jump over the locked gate and to scale the wall. (xiv) So, they requested the guards on duty to open the gate. 35. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) Akbar defeated Himu in the second battle of Panipath in 1556. (ii) After the death of Akbar Jahangir became the Emperor of India. (iii) Babar was the founder of the Mughal Empire in India. (iv) It is one of the wonders of the world. (v) Dhaka was named after him. (vi) But his grandson Akbar was the real founder of the Mughal Empire. (vii) It looks very nice on moonlit nights. (viii) Shah Jahan built the Taj Mahal on the grave of his wife Mumtaj Mahal. (ix) Dhaka became the capital of Bengal during Jahangir's time. (x) Akbar ruled for about 50 years. (xi) His wife Nurjahan was a lady able to rule an Empire. (xii) It is situated on the Jamuna at Agra. (xiii) After the death of Jahangir, his son Shah Jahan ascended the throne of Delhi. (xiv) Babar defeated Ibrahim Lodi in the first battle of Panipath in 1526. 36. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) Ismail first received training in vegetable cultivation. (ii) He studied up to class eight. (iii) Then he got a lease of land in his village and applied his new and improved knowledge to cultivating vegetables. 

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(iv) Ismail Hossain came of a poor family. (v) Finding no other way he joined the training programme of the Natore Horticulture Center. (vi) Poverty then forced him to look for work. (vii) He has also been raising hybrid cows for milk as well as to produce manure. (viii) Later he bought some land and used it entirely to cultivate cauliflowers. (ix) In the same way he made a profit of taka one lakh by cultivating quality cauliflowers the next year. (x) He earned taka 25,000 as profit that year. (xi) It has been possible through hard labour and systematic cultivation. (xii) Now he deserves national recognition for his outstanding success. (xiii) Thus Ismail has changed his lot. (xiv) He is very happy to be self-sufficient. 37. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) About this time he became acquainted with Elizabeth Berret. (ii) They married in 1846. (iii) Their relation developed gradually. (iv) He was educated at home under his father's guidance. (v) Therefore she had to live in Italy all her life for health reasons. (vi) On his return, he published his first book of poetry "Paracelsus" in 1835. (vii) "Paracelsus" drew the attention of the people. (viii) Robert Browning is a famous poet. (ix) In 1864 his series of "Men and women" was published. (x) Mrs. Elizabeth Berret became physically ill. (xi) In 1831 Browning left England and visited Russia. (xii) He was born on May 7, 1812. (xiii) His father encouraged him to build up his career. (xiv) She died at Florence in 1861. 38. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) All now expected that he would punish them severely. (ii) Is this the way you kept your word? (iii) "I promised," replied the Emperor, "to destroy my enemies". (iv) But these men are not longer my enemies. "I have made friends of them". (v) Once there was an emperor. (vi) But instead of doing so, he treated them with mildness and humanity. (vii) "Sir", said his Chief Minister, 'You promised to destroy your enemies." (viii) Like this Emperor, we also should overcome evil with good. (ix) An Emperor was that some of his subjects in a distant province revolted against him. (x) "Come then," said he, "follow me and I shall destroy enemies." (xi) He marched against the enemies but they submitted on his arrival. (xii) "So my promise has not been broken." (xiii) And we can turn our enemies into friends by kindness. 

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(xiv) "But we see that you have pardoned them all and even bestowed favours upon some of them". 39. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) "Government of the people, by the people, for the people shall not perish from the earth". (ii) The place is called Gettysburg. (iii) He was the President of the United States of America. (iv) He was going there to speak at a meeting. (v) Have you ever heard the name of Abraham Lincoln? (vi) The last words of the speech are: (vii) On the 10th November 1863, a railway train was carrying him. (viii) It is one of the finest and the shortest speeches in the English language. (ix) On the envelop, it was what he was going to say at the meeting. (x) The train was carrying him to a place. (xi) These words tell us what the best possible way of ruling a country is. (xii) In the train, he was busy writing something. (xiii) In fact, the speech on the envelop is now famous as "Gettysburg Address." (xiv) He was not writing on a paper, but on the back of an envelop. 40. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) It established his reputation as a great scientist. (ii) It became famous. (iii) In it he explains cosmology for the general public. (iv) He wrote a book, 'A Brief History of Time: From the Big Bangs to the Present Times". (v) He is famous for his investigations into the origins of the universe. (vi) He got his Ph. D. in Cosmology from Cambridge University by the time he was 26 years old. (vii) He got married in 1963. (viii) He is very skilled in Mathematics from an early age. (ix) He was also very skilled in theoretical Physics. (x) Thus he received the prestigious Albert Einstein Award. (xi) He had a brilliant result. (xii) So he was able to join Cambridge University as Lucasian Professor of Mathematics. (xiii) He is considered the greatest Physicist after Einstein. (xiv) Stephen Hawking was born in an educated family. 41. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) His family used to cultivate tobacco in their estates in Virginia. (ii) George Washington was the first President of the U.S.A. (iii) When George Washington was twenty years old, he took over these estates and lived a comfortable life. (iv) In 1752 France and Britain started war. (v) Then George Washington left his estates and joined the English forces. 

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(vi) He soon made a good name for himself as a brilliant officer. (vii) He was born in 1732 in Virginia. (viii) When England and France made peace he went to his home of Virginia to live happily. (ix) In 1775 some English troops were attacked and a war broke out. (x) Thirteen colonies joined into a Congress in 1774. (xi) In 1773 the unpleasant incident known as Boston Tea Party took place between the Americans and the British. (xii) Peace treaty was signed between America and Britain In 1783. (xiii) In 1776 the colonies formally declared themselves Independent. (xiv) In 1789 Washington became the first President of the United States. 42. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) Similar is the case with the Christmas presents of Jim and Delia. (ii) But it was an irony of fate that their presents became useless. (iii) They may call them fools. (iv) The Magi were the three wise men of the East. (v) Out of their true love, they had sacrificed their dearest possession in order to buy Christmas present. (vi) They brought gift to the infant Jesus. (vii) They are the Magi of the day. (viii) Delia sold her beautiful hair to buy a platinum fob chain for her husband's gold watch. (ix) They introduced the custom of giving Christmas presents. (x) But, actually, Jim and Delia are the wisest of all who give and receive gifts. (xi) Jim on the other hand, sold his gold watch to buy a set of beautiful combs for his wife. (xii) Being wise their gifts were, no doubt, wise and these proved their love and respect for the baby in manger. (xiii) They were led by a star to the stable of Bethlehem where Jesus was born. (xiv) The worldly wise men may think that Jim and Della sacrificed their treasures most unwisely. 43. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) He thought that the purse had been stolen by someone of his servants. (ii) One day a rich man lost his purse. (iii) The servant who stole the purse reduced the length of his stick by an inch. (iv) He made a complaint before the judge. (v) All of them denied the charge. (vi) The judge also told that the stick of the thief would increase in an inch. (vii) He gave all of them the sticks of equal length and asked to submit the sticks on the following day. (viii) The judge summoned all the servants. (ix) All the servants went home and kept their stick as it was. (x) He could not detect the actual thief. (xi) One stick was found shorter by an inch. (xii) Next day all the servants submitted their sticks to the judge. 

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(xiii) The thief was easily detected and sent to jail thereby. (xiv) The judge then hit upon a plan to detect the thief. 44. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) At the age of twenty one, he graduated from the Federal Institute. (ii) He obtained his doctorate in 1905 A. D. (iii) He was born of Jewish parents in Germany, In 1879 A. D. (iv) But he resigned the post of the University of Zurich, (v) It was in Zurich. (vi) At the request of a group of scientists, he wrote to the American President Roosevelt to use atomic energy in bombs. (vii) When Hitler became Chancellor of Germany in 1933. Einstein was in America as a visiting professor. (viii) Einstein became famous for his Theory of Relativity. (ix) For Hitler's cruelty to the Jews, he didn't return to his homeland. (x) He received Nobel Prize in physics in 1921 A. D. (xi) Albert Einstein was one of the greatest scientists of modern age. (xii) He resigned the post to become a full professor at a German university. (xiii) Four years after his doctorate, he took the post of Associate Professor at the University of Zurich. (xiv) Two years later, he joined a service in Barn. 45. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) One night there was a terrible storm and a ship was wrecked on the rocks. (ii) All night long the waves were beating on the ship and breaking it up and it did not seem that anybody could be left alive. (iii) So she persuaded her father to go to their rescue. (iv) However, when morning came, Grace Darling could see that a few people were on the ship and waving for help. (v) All she wanted to do was to save the poor people on the wreck. (vi) Grace Darling was a very brave girl. (vii) The sea was so rough that the lighthouse-keeper could not take the boat out to rescue those on board. (viii) She lived in a lighthouse with her father. (ix) But at last Grace and her father succeeded in taking the few remaining sailors and passengers to the lighthouse. (x) It was not easy to get them on board the little boat, because they were nearly frozen and could hardly move. (xi) It was owing to Grace Darling's great courage that these lives were saved. (xii) In the end, after a hard struggle she and her father reached them. (xiii) She did not think of her own danger. (xiv) Though she was only a young girl, she went with him and helped him to row. 46. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 

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(i) "He looks strange", said one fox. "And foolish too", said another. (ii) Once upon a time there lived a very clever fox in a jungle. (iii) "Dear friends I have discovered that we don't need our tails. In fact they're useless. They are ugly and dirty. Look I've cut mine off." (iv) He felt very sad and ashamed. (v) "You didn't use a knife", said the Wise Old Fox, "You fell into a trap and lost your tail." (vi) Then he had a good idea. "I'm going to ask all the foxes to come to a meeting in the jungle," he said to himself. (vii) "Look here is a knife. I have used it myself. Now you can use it too. You will look nice and clean too." (viii) "Yes we do" they all replied. (ix) Without his tail Mr. Fox looked very strange and foolish. (x) "Now listen, my friends," he said in the meeting "Why have I asked you to come here? It's because I've made a very good discovery. Do you want to know about it?" (xi) "What am I going to do?" he cried. (xii) Now you want us to lose our tails. (xiii) Look, my brothers does Mr. Fox look beautiful? (xiv) One day when Mr. Fox was walking through the jungle he fell into a trap and thus lost his tail. 47. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) They lived in countryside. (ii) Fleming helped in sheep rearing even when he was not old enough to go to school. (iii) Alexander Fleming was born in 1881 in Scotland. (iv) His parents were farmers. (v) Fleming was seven among the eight children of his parents. (vi) When he was five years old he started going to the neighbourhood school. (vii) Classes were usually held by the bank of the nearby river. (viii) This school had only about fifteen students and one teacher. (ix) Everything in this school was quite informal. (x) When Fleming was ten, he moved to a bigger school at Danvel. (xi) But Fleming, the future scientist, loved every minute of his daily walk. (xii) He had to walk four miles everyday. (xiii) It was four miles away from his first school. (xiv) It was quite tiring. 48. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) He used to tell stories to the people of the village. (ii) His name was Nambi. (iii) He never spoke in the rest of his life. (iv) He lived in a temple at the edge of the village. (v) Before telling a story, he used to lit a lamp in the niche of the tree. (vi) He passed his daytime under the banyan tree in front of the temple. (vii) There was a village named Somal. 

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(viii) One day he could not continue his story. (ix) After a few days he called all the villagers and told them something. (x) He was so ignorant that he could not tell his age. (xi) The villagers were enchanted by a man. (xii) It was a remote village. (xiii) But he could make up stories. (xiv) His stories were of great interest. 49. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) He did not like the hard and fast rules of schools. (ii) He was born at a village in Kishoreganj in 1914. (iii) So, he drew pictures secretly. (iv) Do you know Joynul Abedin? (v) His father Tamij Uddin was a police officer. (vi) He was awarded gold medal in All India Art Exhibition. (vii) His name and fame spread all over the world. (viii) In 1938, he became first class first in the Art College. (ix) At the age of fifteen, he went to Kolkata. (x) He breathed his last on May 28, 1976. (xi) At the age of nineteen he got himself admitted into Kolkata Govt. Art College. (xii) He drew a lot of pictures of famine during the Second World War in 1939. (xiii) He was in search of an art school there. (xiv) His pictures were internationally praised. 50. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) He observed the ways of the players. (ii) The boy's name was William Shakespeare. (iii) He got work in a theatre company. (iv) Others say that he was a school master. (v) He was a successful businessman. (vi) In the town of Stratford, in the days of Queen Elizabeth I, there might have been a bright eyed boy of nine or ten making his way to Grammar School. (vii) We know that he married Anne Hathway. (viii) When he was still a young man, Shakespeare left his wife and family and went to London. (ix) After he left school, he became a lawyer's clerk. (x) His mother's name was Mary Arden. (xi) So the boy had the best education that could be given him in the town. (xii) Again we are told that he was apprenticed to a butcher. (xiii) Shakespeare's father was a well-to-do citizen of Stratford. (xiv) Strange to say that we do not know much about Shakespeare's early life. 51. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) She started her life in Calcutta as a teacher in a convent school. 

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(ii) Mother Teresa was a dedicated soul. (iii) It became the shelter for the sufferers. (iv) Her earlier name was Agnes. (v) She came to India in 1928 for serving the people. (vi) At eighteen she decided to become a nun. (vii) She was born in 1910 at Skopje, a small village in Yugoslavia. (viii) Then she became an Indian citizen. (ix) She was an Albanian by birth but she became an Indian. (x) She began to render service to the down trodden. (xi) She was awarded the Nobel Prize for peace in 1979. (xii) She established Nirmal Hriday at Kalighat in Calcutta. (xiii) Her activities spread all over the world. (xiv) During this period she was left for the poor. 52. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) The Negro said, "You now see how all men are servants to one another, I am serving the beggar and you are serving me". (ii) There was an African King. (iii) One day, an old Negro came to him. (iv) He was very proud. (v) The Negro laughed merrily. (vi) "Let me go and give the poor man something to eat", said the Negro. (vii) "What happened?" asked the King, (viii) The Negro said to the King, "All men are servants to one another". (ix) The Negro said, "Very well'. (x) "So I am your servant, am I?" said the King. (xi) But as he went towards the beggar, his walking stick dropped from his hand. (xii) Just then a beggar came. (xiii) The King picked it up and handed it back to the Negro. (xiv) "Prove it before sunset or I will kill you." 53. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) These young people learnt from the great teacher such knowledge as is remembered even today all over the world. (ii) They were also jealous of the great popularity of Socrates among people. (iii) One of the charges was that he was educating the traitors. (iv) So they plotted to get rid of him. (v) Another charge was that he was corrupting the young men of the city of Athens. (vi) Socrates soon became very popular. (vii) They were men in authority with great influence. (viii) Young men gathered round him. (ix) Now there were some people in Athens who did not like his teachings. (x) These people brought some charges against Socrates. (xi) Socrates was never tired of teaching them. (xii) They turned against him and became his bitter enemies. (xiii) So Socrates was arrested and put on trial. 

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(xiv) Some of the youths became very devoted to him. 54. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) "Good day, Mr. Corporal. Next time when you have too few men for this kind of work, send for the Commander-in-Chief." (ii) There were too few men for the work. (iii) "Hello." he said to the Corporal, "Why don't you give your men a hand to get that beam up?" (iv) "Don't you know that I am a Corporal?" was the reply. (v) Presently an officer, not in uniform, rode up. (vi) "And I shall be happy to help you again." (vii) When the beam had been put to its place, he made a low bow to the Corporal. (viii) It was Washington himself. (ix) He then got down from his horse and joined the men. (x) He worked till the sweat came down his face. (xi) He did nothing but stood by and shouted orders. (xii) In the American War of Independence, a Corporal and a party of soldiers were sent to raise a heavy beam for a battery. (xiii) But the Corporal was full of his dignity. (xiv) "Are you?" said the officer. 55. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) Sometimes it was difficult to satisfy him with answers. (ii) His father got angry for this kind of activity. (iii) People soon got tired when they talked to him. (iv) Because he always asked, "Why, why, why." (v) He was born in a village of Milan in the United States of America on the 11th of February, 1847. (vi) The boy often undertook some risky adventures. (vii) He was Thomas Alva Edison. (viii) He was very inquisitive about things around him. (ix) But at the same time he was proud of the young boy. (x) But there was only one person who did never feel annoyed with the boy. (xi) For example, once the boy set his father's barn on fire only to see how it could burn. (xii) Do you know who this boy was? (xiii) And that person was his loving mother. (xiv) A young boy of six or seven became the subject of talk in a village. 56. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) He tried to give Jagadish the best education then available in India. (ii) Jagadish was posted to the Presidency College as a Professor of physics. (iii) Jagadishchandra Bose was a true son of Bangladesh. (iv) His father, Bhagabanchandra was a Deputy Magistrate. 

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(v) This was a vital step in his career. (vi) J.C. Bose was born in the district of Dhaka on November 30, 1858. (vii) At an early age he sent him to Kolkata St. Xavier's School. (viii) He was noted for his independence of character and love for the common people of Bengal. (ix) Jagadish had no hesitation in refusing this offer with contempt. (x) Here he came under the influence of Father Lafont, a great scientist. (xi) When Jagadish returned to India, he was offered a post in the Provincial Education Service, because he was not considered eligible for the higher service. (xii) After graduation, Jagadish proceeded to England and joined Christ Church College, Cambridge. (xiii) Jagadish Bose died in 1937, bequeathing his entire wealth and property to the service of science and humanity. (xiv) Here he served without a break for thirty years. 57. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) I "But do you know our Eiffel Tower was built in only one month?” said the Frenchman. (ii) They hired a taxi and began their journey. (iii) "O great!" The Frenchman was astonished to hear this, (iv) Once an American, a Frenchman and an Englishman had been to Mexico City, the capital of Mexico. (v) The Englishman asked the Mexican driver, "What's that"? (vi) "Yes, being Ok. It was not there yesterday." (vii) "What a great interest!" said the Englishman. (viii) They said eagerly, "Let us enjoy the sight seeing." (ix) They were passing along the road adjacent to a tall building. (x) "Are you speaking having sense?" (xi) "I do not know", answered the driver. (xii) "Do you know Buckingham Palace in London was built in only two weeks?" the Englishman asked with pride. (xiii) So, he said to others, "Do you know that the Empire State Building was built in three months?" (xiv) The American was proud of the tall buildings of New York. 58. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) She therefore looked upon him as an honest and faithful boy and was highly pleased with him. (ii) He saw the beautiful things in the room. (iii) He was always at the lady's command. (iv) One day it so happened that the boy was quite alone at the lady's dressing room. (v) The boy appeared smart, diligent, mild and well-behaved. (vi) A good watch set with diamond caught his eyes. (vii) One day a young boy came to the house of a rich lady. (viii) So the lady engaged him to work at her house without investigation. 

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(ix) He saw that there was none in the room. (x) He then looked about. (xi) He offered to work as a servant. (xii) A wish arose in his mind "Ah if I had such a one!" (xiii) He eagerly took it in his hand. (xiv) She also found him working hard and doing his duties honestly and faithfully. 59. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) Patients used to come to him from far and near for treatment. (ii) He could treat the boil in three ways. (iii) Finding no other way the poor people called in him. (iv) Then he prided himself on his success. (v) Some of his patients were cured. (vi) Once there lived a shrewd barber in a village. (vii) He would operate boils with his razor. (viii) They complained of this and that. (ix) The barber pretended to know everything. (x) He was a false doctor. (xi) Cutting boils was to him very simple. (xii) The patients would cry aloud in pain. (xiii) The barber treated them in their illness. (xiv) He was a specialist in treating boils. 60. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) A rich neighbour of his was a banker. (ii) But alas! He buried his happiness with it too. (iii) "Sir I live from hand to mouth." (iv) Once there lived a happy cobbler. (v) The banker one day said to him.(vi) He passed his days in working and singing from morning till night. (vii) "How much a year do you earn?" (viii) The cobbler laughed and said. (ix) Each day somehow brings its meal and I am happy. (x) The banker then said, "I have resolved to place you above the fear of want." (xi) The cobbler had never seen so much money at a time in his life before. (xii) He gave him one thousand pounds, (xiii) He buried the money in the earth. (xiv) He said to preserve the pounds carefully and use in time of need. 61. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) Jack and his mother could have lived on that money for some weeks. (ii) And the day came when that cow stopped giving milk. (iii) His mother instructed him to get as much money as he could. (iv) Jack certainly wasn't rich. 

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(v) But that wasn't the way it worked out. (vi) In those days you could buy a whole sack of beans for two pence farthing. (vii) All that he and his poor mother had in the world was one cow. (viii) Jack's mother decided to sell the cow. (ix) Then they would have been penniless again. (x) And they were rather dry up beans. (xi) On the way to market Jack met a funny old man. (xii) The little old man said that they were magic beans. (xiii) He offered him five beans for his cow. (xiv) Five beans weren't worth much more than a sneeze. 62. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) However, Cordelia just stood there and said nothing. (ii) She was the youngest and favourite daughter. (iii) She declared, "Sir, I love you as much as my sister does." (iv) "Nothing will come of nothing", he said sternly. (v) Regan's answer pleased the old king. (vi) And he gave her also a third of his kingdom. (vii) Then it was the turn of Cordelia to speak. (viii) Regan was the wife of the Duke of Cornwall. (ix) The king was astonished at the answer. (x) "How much do you love me?"-Lear asked his second daughter, Regan. (xi) "Well", the king said to her, "What can you say Cordelia?" (xii) "Nothing", she answered. (xiii) King Lear expected her to speak even more laughingly than her sisters had done.

(xiv) My love for you will never change. 63. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) The battle took place in time. (ii) Gazi Salahuddin was a great warrior. (iii) Jerusalem was a holy place for the Muslims. (iv) But Richard still continued fighting on foot. (v) A crusade took place between the Muslims and the Christians. (vi) It gave a piercing neigh and the horse died on the spot. (vii) It was holy for Christians too. (viii) Suddenly an arrow hit Richard's horse. (ix) He was a great ruler too. (x) Both the Muslims and Christians were fighting fiercely. (xi) On the other hand, Richard led the Christian side. (xii) He had led the Muslims. (xiii) He was a general and a great warrior too. (xiv) He was the king of England. 64. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) The highest camp was set up at 27,000 feet. (ii) They must have felt excited when they stood there. 

398

(iii) (iv) (v) (vi)

The expedition set out on March 10. Some of them had to be abandoned. They went up and up. They have gone down in history as the conquerors of the highest mounts in the world. (vii) Sir Edmund Hillary from New Zealand and his companion Tenzing Nork from Nepal led an expedition in 1953. (viii) Many expeditions had been led to conquer Mount Everest. (ix) As the climbers were going up, they set up camps at different places. (x) Many climbers who took part in them lost their lives. (xi) Only Hillary and Tenzing reached that height. (xii) They left some of their men and supplies in those camps. (xiii) After two months of difficult and dangerous climbing, they succeeded in reaching the top on 10 May. (xiv) But the top was still 2000 feet away. 65. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) Once an enemy sent two snakes to eat him. (ii) He lived in a country called Greece. (iii) Hercules woke up. (iv) Then they could not bite him. (v) He squeezed and squeezed with his strong wrists. (vi) Hercules was the strongest man in the world. (vii) They crept into his room while he was asleep. (viii) Hercules thus showed his strength from his early days. (ix) Once he annoyed the king of that country. (x) When he was a baby, he was very strong. (xi) But he dared not kill him. (xii) When he became young he also showed much strength. (xiii) The snakes were dead. (xiv) He held the throats of the snakes in his hands. 66. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) For many weeks all went well. (ii) What happened to his shipmates, he never knew. (iii) He discovered that his hands and feet were fastened down. (iv) When he was offered the position of ship's doctor, he accepted it gladly. (v) He woke up and tried to stand up. (vi) He dragged himself up on the shore and fell into a deep sleep. (vii) But one day a terrible storm arose, (viii) Doctor Lemuel Gulliver always loved adventure. (ix) Then he was horrified to feel some small creatures creeping along his left leg up to his chest. (x) The 'Antelope' was caught in the waves and sank. (xi) But he could not move. 

399

(xii) One fine morning in May 1699, the young doctor boarded the sailing ship 'Antelope'. (xiii) He slept for a long time. (xiv) But he himself managed to swim to an island. 67. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) But sometimes he can make you laugh. (ii) He doesn't like people who talk too much. (iii) He is in his fifties and loves to eat. (iv) He is a serious person. (v) Mr. Robertson is a lawyer. (vi) He says it makes him look important. (vii) He himself prefers to speak very little. (viii) He has a snub nose and a square chin. (ix) He doesn't have a lot of hair on his head. (x) He doesn't have a beard. (xi) His hair is not straight but curly. (xii) But he has an enormous moustache of which he is very proud. (xiii) But he isn't bald either. (xiv) In fact trying out different types of food is one of his favourite hobbies. 68. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) Just 76 hours later they were orbiting the moon. (ii) They were sitting on the top of a rocket that was 36-storey high. (iii) Three American astronauts were waiting in a spaceship called Apollo-11. (iv) They travelled at great speed. (v) At first, Neil Armstrong touched on the ground of the moon. (vi) The astronauts were Neil Armstrong, Edwin Aldrin and Michael Collins. (vii) Finally the dream came true. (viii) Their destination was the moon, a quarter of a million miles away. (ix) Mr. Armstrong was really excited to see the moon. (x) The astronauts were about to go on a great journey. (xi) It was really unbelievable. (xii) It was July 20, 1969. (xiii) The final countdown began, five-four-three-two-one. (xiv) Then the astronauts fired the rockets and blasted off into the outer space. 69. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) He travelled for more than thirty years visiting many Asian and African countries. (ii) He boarded a ship for Chittagong. (iii) Outside the town of Sylhet two persons met him. (iv) Ibn-I-Batuta became very pleased hearing it. (v) It took him almost six months to reach Chittagong. (vi) They said that they were sent by Shah Jalal to receive him. (vii) From there he had to walk for another month to reach Sylhet. 

400

(viii) You might have heard the name of Marco Polo. (ix) Ibn-I-Batuta was a great Muslim explorer. (x) Once on a voyage to China he lost his way and found himself in the Maldive Islands. (xi) He was a native of Morocco and lived in the 14th century. (xii) He wrote down all that he saw. (xiii) He heard the name of Shah Jalal of Sylhet and decided to visit him. (xiv) Ibn-I-Batuta travelled even more than Marco Polo. 70. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) She could not speak. (ii) His friends also tried but failed. (iii) Doctors told him to try to make her laugh. (iv) The man became delighted. (v) There lived a rich man who had only one child. (vi) None could make her laugh. (vii) He ordered the boy to come near him. (viii) One evening the girl and her father were walking in the garden. (ix) The father tried his best. (x) He asked the boy why he was carrying it on his back. (xi) Seeing it the girl began to laugh. (xii) She was very lovely and beautiful. (xiii) But she always remained worried. (xiv) Suddenly they saw a boy carrying something. 71. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) The Queen of Sheba heard about the name and fame of King Solomon. (ii) She also brought with her some artificial flowers. (iii) So. the Queen came to King Solomon's palace. (iv) Many years ago there lived a king named Solomon. (v) Among them there were some real flowers also. (vi) The flowers were beautiful and looked alike. (vii) At once he realized those flowers to be real. (viii) He was very wise and helped people in many ways. (ix) She could not believe that he was so wise and wealthy. (x)

The Queen brought with her hundred servants who carried many fine presents.

(xi) The Queen asked the courtiers to find out the real ones. (xii) King Solomon watched some bees flying over some flowers. (xiii) She decided to visit his country and meet him personally. (xiv) They failed to differentiate. 72. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) Beneath it there showed dark eyes with longs lashes and lineaments of perfect beauty. (ii) By Allah thought the porter, "This is surely my lucky day!" 

401

(iii) At once the porter took up his basket and followed her, thinking to himself. (iv) One day as he sat in the market place leaning idly against his basket, a young woman stopped before him. (v) Lift up your basket porter, she said in a sweet voice, and follow me. (vi) She was dressed in rare silks and cloaked in a gold embroidered mantle of Mosul brocade. (vii) Once upon a time there lived a young bachelor in the city of Baghdad, who was by trade a porter. (viii) He took up his basket and followed her until she stopped at a fruiterer's. (ix) "This is indeed a blessed day!", Until she stopped at the door of a house and knocked. (x) She bought Syrian apples and Ottoman quinces. (xi) The door was opened by a Christian. (xii) Then she gently raised her veil. (xiii) She bought a measure of olives and two casks of wine from the Christian. (xiv) These she put into the basket and said to the porter ‘follow me”. 73. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) He also published "Idanre and Other Poems" in 1964. (ii) He returned to Ibadan in 1960. (iii) His first novel was published in 1964. (iv) He was also educated in Leeds University, England. (v) In his comedy he shows the western civilization as a threat to individuality. (vi) His play "A Dance of the Forests" was performed after his return. (vii) He was educated in Ibadan University, Nigeria. (viii) Wole Soyinka is a Nigerian playwright and poet. (ix) He became the director of the School of Drama at the University of Ibadan in 1969. (x) He studied the theatre in London, (xi) He was born in Abelkota in 1934. (xii) His play " The Invention" was published in London, (xiii) His final work was "The Road". (xiv) 'The Lion and the Jewel"—a satirical comedy was published in 1963. 74. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) All his various adventures led him to the conclusion that all women were essentially evil and ought to be killed. (ii) When the king was convinced of her faithlessness he was filled with grief and anger. (iii) So he returned to his kingdom with the intention of killing as many women as he could. (iv) He was greatly attached to his beautiful and gifted queen. (v) He killed the queen and the man she was in love with. (vi) He trusted her in a great measure. (vii) There was once a king in Persia called Shahryar. (viii) He compelled his courtiers to supply him with a beautiful girl to be his bride. 

402

(ix) But the queen was an unprincipled woman and was habitually unfaithful to her husband during his absence from home. (x) With a view to mitigating his sorrow he left his kingdom and began to travel about the foreign countries. (xi) He would then marry the girl and cut off her head the next morning. (xii) The process of marrying a girl one day and killing her the next day continued for a long time. (xiii) At last the king became disappointed. (xiv) All parents with grown-up daughters were fleeing from the capital.



Textual Word Meaning

409

Word Awfully Appear Annual

A_© cÖPÐfv‡e g‡b nIqv evwl©K

A Synonyms extremely, very seem yearly

Ankle

‡Mvovjx

A place in a foot

Adult

eq¯‥

U-1, L-5

Association

msMVb

U-3, L-1

Acquisition Annoy Amuse Accord

AR©b wei³ nIqv ev Kiv Avb›` †`qv m¤§wZ

U-4, L-1

Arrangement

e¨e¯v

Acrobat

KmiZex`

U-6, L-1

Altering

U&L U-1, L-1 U-1, L-2

U-6, L-3 U-6, L-4 U-6, L-5 U-7, L-2 U-7, L-5 U-8, L-3

Alarming Affected Accelerate Avoidable Awareness

AvswkK cwieZ©b kxj fqven AvZ¼RbK ÿwZMÖ¯Í, AvµvšÍ Z¡ivwš^Z Kiv

grown-up, mature, company, organization obtaining

English Meaning fearfully Come into sight final of anything joint connecting the foot with the leg a grown-up person group organized for a joint purpose; thing acquired

vex, irritate

to make sb angry

please, delight agreement

cause to laugh or smile be in harmony, a plan or preparation that you make so that sth can happen one who can do clever things with his body

measures, settlement gymnast varying, changing, shifting disturbing, shocking,

to become different Causing worry and fear

harmed, infected

not natural or sincere

expedite

to make sth happen faster

cwinvi‡hvM¨ preventable, stoppable m‡PZbZv, attention, g‡bv‡hvM consciousness

that can be prevented. Knowing that sth exists. a device that warns people of a particular danger enough in quantity

Alarm

mZK© ms‡¼Z

signal, warning

Adequate

ch©vß

sufficient

Average

mean, medium

calculated by adding several amounts together and dividing the total by the number.

Ahead

mvg‡b,

in advance, in

further forward in space



410

U-9, L-1

Attitude Among Article Afford

U-9, L-3

U-10, L-1

Available

Addiction Add

U-10, L-1 U-10, L-4

Assault Aggressive Appeal Appropriate

U-11, L-1

Apart Away

U-11, L-7

Audience

Av‡M

front, forward

or time.

fw½, AvPiY, g‡bvfve gv‡S, cwi‡ewóZ •`wbK ev mvgwqK cwÎKvq cÖKvwkZ iPbv mvg_©¨ _vKv ev nIqv cvIqv hvq Ggb, MÖnY‡hvM¨ jf¨, Dcw¯Z

approach, aspect, behaviour,

the way you behave towards sb/sth.

in the midst of

in the middle of sb/sth, surrounded by sb/sth.

item, object, thing, writing

a piece of writing about a particular subject in a newspaper or magazine.

provide

be able to

accessible, at (of things) that you can hand, convenient, get, buy or find

compulsion, dependence, habit, fixation, obsession attach, combine, †hvM Kiv, join, integrate, mshy³ Kiv unite AvNvZ, abuse, violate, nvgjv attack AvµgbvZœK, antagonistic, SMov‡U, assertive, AvMÖvmx destructive mwbe©Ü application, call, Av‡e`b plea, prayer, Kiv, AvKl©Y cry, request Kiv applicable, fit, h_vh_, correct, proper, gvbvbmB right, suitable Avmw³, gv`Kvmw³

`y‡i, GKw`‡K, Qvov, e¨vwZ‡i‡K

`y‡i, Ab¨Î †kªvZvgÐjx, cvVKmgvR

the condition of being addicted to put sth along with sth to increase in size or number. act of attacking, act of criticizing. ready to attack request earnestly fit

at a distance

aside

not here assembly, crowd, listeners, gathering,

at a distance from the number of people who watch or listen to the same thing.



411

Aspect

iƒc, †Pnviv, `„wó‡KvY mdjKvg nIqv, j‡ÿ¨ †cu․Qv‡bv, m¤úv`b Kiv D‡ËwRZ ev weÿzä Kiv cðvwÏ‡K gy»fv‡e cÖmskv Kiv

spectators, viewers angle, attribute, characteristic, circumstance, angle of vision attitude, expression accomplish, achieve, acquire, to achieve, to accomplish. earn, fulfill, gain, get, obtain,

U-12, L-1

Attain

U-12, L-1

agitate

U-12, L-3

high regard, admiration praise aim, ambition, Aspiration e¨vKzj evmbv craving, desire, dream, goal, Kg©vw`i Assign `vwqZ¡ Ac©b allocate Kiv Kó †`Iqv, Troubles, Ails Amy¯ nIqv afflicts, pains cÖvq mwVK About, around, Approximately cwigvb, wbKUeZ©x, some cÖvq

U-12, L-4 U-13, L-3 U-13, L-6 U-13, L-6 U-14, L-3

U-15, L-2

aback

Adequate

ch©vß, h‡_ó

Attribute

¯^xKvi Kiv, mZ¨Zv, cÖvwß ¯^xKvi Kiv Av‡ivc Kiv

Acquisition

MÖnY, AR©b

Adopt

‡cvl¨ MÖnY Kiv, `ËK †bIqv, Aej¤^b Kiv

Acknowledge

excite

to create excitement backwards to regard with wonder and pleasure eager desire to engage sombody to do somthing to cause problem for somebody. Fairly correct, near to the actual

Decent, enough, fair to middling, passable

Sufficient, satisfactory

Admit, cite, know, mention, notice, receipt, recognize

Recognize, accept the truth

Ascribe, assign, impute, Accomplishment, acquirement, attainment,

to say or believe that sb is responsible for doing sth.

Acquire, assume, take in, borrow, take over

Legally take (a person) into a relationship



Acquiring or being acquired

412

Assist

g‡bv‡hvM †`Iqv, hZœevb nIqv m‡PZb, AewnZ, mveavb cÖfvweZ Kiv, ÿwZMÖ¯Í Kiv mvnvh¨ Kiv

Anger

ivM

Application

Av‡e`b, cÖ‡qvM

U-17, L-6

Advantage

myweav, my‡hvM

assistance, attend Furry, Ragé, Temper Appeal, Study, Benefit, Service,

U-17, L-7 U-18, L-1

Ancient

cÖvPxb

Obsolete,

Answer

DËi †`Iqv

Fulfll, Reply to

U-18, L-1

Attention

g‡bv‡hvM

U-18, L-1 U-18, L-3

Attractive

AvKl©Yxq

Achievement

AR©b

U-18, L-5

Appreciate

mwVKfv‡e g~j¨vqb Kiv

U-18, L-6

Àfflict

Kó †`Iqv

U-20, L-2 U-20, L-3 U-21, L-1

Acclaim

¯^vMZ Rvbv‡bv

Affluent

abx, ¯^”Qj

Aspects

w`K, `„k¨

U-21, L-2

Amenities

wRwbmcÎ

goods, facilities

viewpoint, feature, etc. to be considered pleasant or useful feature or facility.

U-21,

Amenable

wbqwš¿Z

agreeable,

answerable to law

U-15, L-3

Attend Aware

U-15, L-6

U-17, L-3 U-17, L-5

Affect

Accompany, assist,

to pay attention to what sombody is saying etc.

Consciousness, knowingness

Conscious, having knowledge

Impact, impress, involve

Attack, move emotionally Help extreme or passionate displeasure formal request. beneficial feature

Old, of long ago

Care, Observation Lovely, Sweet, Pulling Deed, Feat, Work, Exploit

something said or done in reaction to a question act or faculty of applying one’s mind; good-looking act of achieving.

Value, Respect, esteem highly Esteem Agonies, Distress, Exercise celebrate, welcome Moneyed, rich, wealthy Attitude, view point



distress physically or mentally welcome or applaud enthusiastically. wealthy, rich.

413

L-3 U-24, L-4 U&L U-1, L-1

U-1, L-3

U-6, L-1 U-6, L-2 U-6, L-7 U-7, L-4 U-9, L-1

Assign

n‡Z AvMÖnx willing `vwqZ¡ give, allot, †`qv allocate B Synonyms dull, prosaic, Obeying, obedient shining, pretty, handsome, gorgeous

Word Boring Beck and call Bright

A_© weiw³Ki

Beautiful

my›`i

Breath

k¦vm-cÖkv¦ m †bqv

Burial

Kei †`qv

Biosphere

RxegÐj, cÖvYxgÛj,

animal world

Balance

Zzjv`Û

equity, level

Belch

D˜MxiY Kiv

Biodegrad able Burnable Brunt Benifit Broaden Brand

U-10, L-1 Breath

AvÁven D¾j

e¨vK‡Uwiqvi gva¨‡g Askmg~‡n wew”Qbœ Kiv hvq Ggb| `nb‡hvM¨, `vn¨ aKj ev AvNvZ DcKvi, jvf, myweav, mydj we¯Z…Z Kiv ev nIqv cÖ¯Z ‧ Kvix cÖwZôv‡bi wPýhy³ we‡kl ai‡bi cY¨ k¦vm cÖkv¦ m

to allot as a share or responsibility. English Meaning tiresome to obey one’s order cheerful having beauty

whiff

respiration of air,

put/hide in ground

act of burying a dead body

emit, release, discharge materials; chemicals etc. that are changed naturally. flammable, lightable, Pressure advantage widen out

The part of the earth surface and atmosphere in which plants and animals can live. Different things exist in equal to let air come up noisily from your stomach. as substance or chemical that is biodegradable can be changed to a harmless natural state by the action of bacteria. Things which can produce flames and heat by burning. to receive the huge force of sth unpleasant. an advantage that sth gives or sth has to become widen to increase

trademark

a type of product made by a company

expiration, inhalation, respiration, air, gas, inspiration,

the air drawn into and expelled from the lungs



414

U-11, L-7 U-12, L-4

vwg‡Ki Blasphemy Aa© b¨vq K_vevZ©v

wickedness

to talk impiously

Behind

wcQ‡bi w`K

at the back

at the back of

Basement

wfwË

foundation

U-13, L-3

Barely

Abve„Zfv‡e, cÖvqk~Y¨fv‡e

U-15, L-2

Basic

U-15, L-3

Beneficial

wfwËK, †g․wjK, cÖv_wgK jvfRbK, g½jKi

underground room Hardly, scantily, scarcely Beginning, introductory, primary, basal

U-17, L-6

Base

wfwË

U-17, L-5 U-17, L-2 U-20, L-4

Busy

e¨¯Í, Kg©iZ

Beauty

‡m․›`q©

Bunch

¸”Q

group, gang

things gathered together.

U-21, L-4

Bewilder

Brotherhoo d

AevK Kiv

confuse, puzzle

perplex, confuse.

åvZ…Z¡‡eva

fraternity

relationship between brothers.

U-21, L-5

Business

e¨emv

U-21, L-6

Bewildering

nZeyw×Ki

U& L

U-1, L-1

U-1, L-2 U-1,

Word

A_©

Close at hand Condition

wbK‡U Ae¯v

Chore

‡QvU KvR

Concentrate

g‡bv‡hvM †`qv

Confusion

wek„•Ljv

Concrete Consist Custom

BU cv_‡ii •Zix MwVZ nIqv cÖ_v

Good, salutary Extablished, Foundation, Basis Employment, Engaged, Adornment, Attractiveness,

activity of making, buying, selling goods or service perplexing, staggering C Synonyms very near state, stipulation small household work give attention to disorder, shame

solid

be composed, manner 

Scarcely (barely escaped), scantily serving as a base; fundamental. advantageous; having benefits. a part supporting from beneath or serving as a foundation occupied or engaged in work etc that pleases the senses

one’s regular occupation or profession. bewilderment English Meaning very near situation small household work pay attention confusing or being confused

a compound mixture of cement have as ingredients. usual behaviour

415

L-3

Contribute

Ae`vb ivLv

Communicative

‡hvMv‡hvMg~jK

Conscious

m‡PZb

Competence

‡hvM¨Zv

Community

m¤cÖ`vq

Certainly

wbwðZfv‡e

Crowded

fxo

Conduct

cwiPvjbv Kiv

Consider

we‡ePbv Kiv

Cheek

‡Pvqvj

Control

wbqš¿Y Kiv

regulate

Clap

nvZ Zvwj †`qv

applaud

Courage Courtesy

mvnm ‡m․Rb¨Zv

bravery civility

Condition

Ae¯v

state, form

Consequence

djvdj, cwiYwZ

result, effect, outcome

U-6, L-1

Climate

Rjevqy

condition of weather

U-6, L-2

Construction

wbg©vY

building

Catastrophically

fqveniƒ‡c

Coastal

DcK~jxq

Climatologist

Rjevq~ weÁvbx

Cruelly

wbôzifv‡e,

U-3, L-1

U-3, L-2

U-4, L-1

U-4, L-1 U-5, L-5 U-6, L-1

U-6, L-3 U-6,

subscribe ready to talk and impart information. alert, aware, knowing ability, capacity, quality group of people undoubtedly, absolutely, throng, multitude, mob, to direct a group of people regard Side of the face

disastrously, ruinously. related to coast of sea. the scientist of climate. unkindly 

give towards a common purpose. ready and willing to talk and give Knowing something quality a group of people living in the same place surely flock into or crowd round; lead or guide, take into account, side wall of mouth to have power over sb or sth strike with the palm of the hand. ability to disregard fear courteous behaviour or act. the state that sth is in bad/good excellent etc. a result of sth that has happened. the regular pattern of weather conditions of a particular place. the process or method of building/making sth. a sudden event that causes many people to suffer. the land beside or near to the sea.

Specialists who study climate having a desire to cause pain

416

L-4 U-6, L-7 U-7, L-1 U-7, L-2 U-7, L-3 U-7, L-4 U-7, L-5

Concern

wbg©gfv‡e D‡ØM, wPšÍv

Consumption

‡fvM, e¨envi

Coastal

DcK~jxq

Catastrophic

gnv`y‡h©vMgq

Carelessness

AmZK©Zv

Cultivation

Pvlvev`

Production of crops.

Cultivable

Avev`‡hvM¨

tillable

Clutch

_vev/wbôzi Kej

Comprise

MVb Kiv

Capacity

aviYÿgZv, aviYkw³, mvg_¨©

Conscious

m‡PZb, mÁvb

Compare

Zzjbv Kiv

snakch, grip, grasp be composed of comprehend, consist of include. ability, capability, competence, aptitude, aware, sensible, alert, mindful, knowing, sentient, percipient. evaluate

U-9, L-1

Catalyst Contribute Contain

U-9, L-3

constraint clash

cwieZ©b mvabKvix AcwiewZ©Z c`v_©, AbyNUK NU‡Z mvnvh¨ Kiv aviY Kiv mxgve×Zv, Pvc, eva¨KiY msNl©, we‡iva, Awgj msN‡l© Avmv

anxiety, worry consuming, utilisation Of or near seashore or beach

dangerous, risky forgetfulness, uncaring

to involve sb. the act of using energy, food or materials adjacent area of sea.

the process of not caring for sb/sth. use of land for growing plant or crops that can be used to grow crops to hold sb/sth tightly. to have sb/sth as parts or member.

ability to do, have, be

aware of sth, noticing sth to examine things how they are similar/different

method

a subltance that causes a change without being changed itself

have a say/add

to give sth to help sth/sb

be full of,hold restriction

to hold within a thing that limits or restricts sth

conflict

a fight/difference between two 

417

closure

certain U-9, L-5

contribute

conversation

U-11, L-1 consider U-11, L-7 concert U-12, L-1 U-12, L-4

mgvwß, QywU, eÜKiY

wbwðZ, m‡›`nvZxZ, Aek¨¤¢vex

†Kvb e¨vcv‡i Ab¨‡`i mv‡_ wKQy †`Iqv ev Ask MönY Kiv K‡_vcK_b, msjvc, AvjvcAv‡jvPbv we‡ePbv Kiv, MY¨ Kiv, g‡bv‡hv‡Mi mv‡_ fvev

dialogue

familiar intercourse

think about

take into account

show

a musical entertainment

plan scheme plot conflict, disagreement idea, notion, thought, unite, join, mingle communicate A hundred years

plan scheme plot

bvMwiKZ¡

nationality

nationality, residency

Rq Kiv, kÎæ‡K ek Kiv `„wó AvKl©K, mn‡R †`Lv hvq Ggb ‡Kvb e¨vcv‡i Ab¨‡`i mv‡_ wKQy †`qv ev

defeat, beat, triumph

overcome by effort, be victorious.

noticeable eye-catching prominent

clearly visible; attracting, notice noteworthy.

donate, supply, put in

help to bring about a result, to give sth to help sth/sb

HKZvbev`b

Clash

msNl©

Concept

aviYv

Combine

GKÎ Kiv, mshy³ Kiv enb Kiv

U-14, Conquer L-1 U-14, Conspicuous L-3 U-14, Contribute L-1

confident that you know sth or that you are right

to give or bear a part with others

lohš¿

U-13, L-6 Citizenship

sure, true, infallible, undoubtful, positive, convinced, actual, confident, assured, definite.

the situation when sth closed

have a say/add

Conspiracy

Convey U-12, L-4 Century

conclusion

kZel©



collision of bodies, a fight a notion league together carry, express one hundred years

418

U-14, Civilization L-1 U-13, L-6

AskMÖnY Kiv mf¨Zv

Committed

cÖwZÁve×

Contribution

`vb, AskMÖnY cÖwZ‡hvwMZv Kiv m¤ú~Y© Ave„Z Ki‡Yi gva¨‡g iÿv Kiv, †ikg ¸wU ‣`bw›`b N‡ii KvR

U-14, Compete L-3 U-14, Cocoon L-3 U-15, Chores L-3 U-15, Contagious L-6 U-16, Composítion L-4 U-17, Convert L-2 U-17, Check L-2 U-17, Complain L-4 U-17, Comfort L-4 U-17, Compression L-5 U-17, Contain L-5 U-17, Colossal L-7

msµvgK

society, nationl, culture dedicated devoted donation, part, share fight, struggle, battle

advanced stage or system of social development

wrap, insulate, protect

silky case spun by insect larvae for protection as pupae, protective covering,

household tasks

tedious or routine task, esp. domestic. a-(of a person) likely to transmit a disease by contact.

infectious, transmittable

formation, iPbv ev iPbv making, invention, essay †K․kj build, constitue, frame alter, change, iƒcvšÍwiZ transform, Kiv apply, turn wbqš¿Y, control, stop, cixÿv Kiv hinder, stay Awf‡hvM Kiv protest, criticize, encourage, Avivg, mvšÍ¡bv refresh, relieve, console, ease ms‡ÿc, shortening mswÿßKib aviY Kiv wekvj

be full of

faithful act of contributing. take part in a contest etc

act or method of putting together change in form or function make sure, to find fault, things that make life easy or pleasant reduction in volume hold or be capable of holding within itself

enormous, vast, huge and splendid huge assembled, of, by, or relating to a Piled, group or society as a whole accumulative

U-18, Collective L-1

†h․_

U-19, Characteristic L-3 U-20, Credit

‣ewkó¨

feature, quality

typical, distinctive.

K…wZZ¡, FY

approval,

source of honour, pride, 

419

L-2 U-20, L-3 U-20, L-8 U-20, L-8 U-23, L-1 U-23, L-2

distraction Cultivation

Pvl

tillage of land

Constant

w¯i

fixed, static

etc. prepare and use (soil etc.) for crops or gardening. occurring frequently (constant complaints).

Cockerel

ev”Pv †gviM

a young cock

a young cock.

Conflict

msNvZ

clash, argument

a state of opposition.

Cherish

jvjb Kiv

foster, nurture

protect or tend lovingly.

U-23, Challenge L-3

cixÿv

test, trial

U-24, Confined L-4

mxgve×

Dilemma Depend

restricted, limited D A_© Synonyms hard, obstinate, KwVb complex, cv_©K¨ Kiv discriminate, disseminate Dfq msKU difficult situation, wbf©i Kiv rely on

Disintegration

wefvRb

breakup

Decision

wm×všÍ

conclusion, adjudication

Develop

DbœwZ Kiv

advance, build up

Decline Drive Drumstick

n«vm cvIqv Pvjv‡bv

diminish, decar. operate, direct leg

Dynamic

MwZkxj

lively, active, vibrant

Disaster

`y‡h©vM

Difficult U-6, L-2

KwVb, Kómva¨

Disposal

e¨e¯v, AcmviY

U-6,

Decline

n«vmcÖvwß

U&L

U-1, L-1 U-1, L-3

U-1, L-4

U-6, L-1

Word Difficult Differentiate

tragedy, ruin, calamity hard, complicated, complex removal, discarding, dumping decrease. 

to take part in a contest etc. or to prove or justify something. keep or restrict (within certain limits). English Meaning needing much effort, not easy constitute a difference between predicament to rely onsb/sth separation into integral parts act or process of deciding. come into a state of better position deteriorate; lose strength urge forward, arm the way in which people behave and react to each other in a particular situation. an unexpected event not easy the act of getting rid of sth. A continuous decrease in the number.

420

L-4

Drastically Determination

U-6, L-5 U-7, L-1

Discomfort Determined Disposal Dense Destruction

U-7, L-3

Deforestation Drought

U-7, L-4

Devastating

U-8, L-5

Decibel

U-9, L-1

Distinguish

U-9, L-3

Dropout Despite

U-9, L-5 U-10, L-1

Dramatic Distance Dimension

U-11, During L-1 U-12, Deploy

K‡Vvifv‡e, radically, severly cÖPÐfv‡e will power, msKí resolve uneasiness, A¯^w¯Í distress, trouble strong minded, msKíe× firm AcmviY, removal, e¨e¯v discarding close, Nb mwbœweó pack compact, webvk ruin, devastation eb DRvoKiY cutting of trees Abve„wó ev absence of rain Liv aŸsmvZ¥K destructive, disastrous. k‡ãi ZxeªZv gvc measuring unit. Kivi GKK `ywU wRwb‡mi g‡a¨ differ, cv_©K¨ differentiate †`Lv/†evS, c„_K Kiv †Kvb Kv‡R Ask MÖnY leave, give up, †_‡K weiZ withdraw, quit nIqv (wKQy) in spite of m‡Ë¡I bvUKxq,Pg theatrical, KcÖ`bvUK spectacular m¤^Üxq remoteness, `yiZ¡ detachment gvÎv, measurement, AvqZb, length, e¨vwß e¨vcx, hver, †Kvb mgq a‡i hy× Kivi

serious or violent effect on sth. the quality that makes you continue trying to do sth. feeling unpleasant showing sb’s determination to do sth. act of avoiding sth. containing a lot of people. the act of destroying sth. the act of cutting down or burning the trees. a long period of time when there is little or no rain. causing a lot of damage. a unit for measuring how loud a sound is. separate or divide by some mark or quality

stop taking part in something in spite of of the drama remoteness extent

throughout, in

for the time it lasts

arrange, organise,

spread out in a line of



421

L-1

set up

battle

drench

throw water over

decline, depreciate

get worse, go down,

dull, depressing

gloomy, miserable

difference

Keeping distance

describe, show, represent, illustrate wet, humid,

describe, paint, give a picture of,

worry, fear, anxiety

nervousness,

Loss, privation, want

depriving or being deprived

Spend out

give shares of; deal out

Aÿg

unable

U-18, Decision L-1

wm×všÍ

U-18, Dependent L-1 U-17, Destine L-6 U-17, Deliver L-6

‡c․l¨, wbf©ikxj c~e© wba©vwiZ Kiv wewj Kiv, †c․‡Q †`Iqv

judgment, settlement choice, result

deprived of an ability or function

U-17, Document L-5

`wjj

certificates, paper, writing, file, text, article

msjvc

Colloquy, Discourse, Conversatíon,Co nfabulation

Douse U-12, L-1 Deteriorate Dismal U-12, L-3 Distinction U-12, L-4

Rb¨ †kªYxe× fv‡e Qov‡bv Dc‡i Rj Xvjv AwaKZi Lvivc nIqv, AebwZ NUv ev NU‡bv wbivb›` ¯^vZš¿¨, cv_©K¨

Depict

eY©bv Kiv, wPwÎZ Kiv

Damp

m¨uvZ‡mu‡Z gwiqv ev †ec‡ivqv n‡q IVv eÂbv, AwaKvi niY weZiY ev eÈb K‡i †`qv

U-13, L-3 Desperation U-13, L-3 Deprivation U-15, L-6 Distribute U-18, Disabled L-6

U-17, Dailogue L-1

needy, reliant, predetermine handover



moist

act or process of deciding unable to do without the help of others be destined to be fated or preordained to distribute (letters, goods, etc.) to their destination(s) thing providing a record or evidence of events, agreement, ownership, identification, etc. discussion between people with different opinions

422

U-16, Distance L-4 U-16, Defence L-3 U-16, L-1

`~iZ¡

absence, space, Interval

being far off

cÖwZiÿv

guard,

Defending or protection

Durable

‡UKmB, gReyZ

Deceptive

cÖZviYvg~jK

constant, stable, permanent misleading, unreliable,

with a relatively long useful life likely to deceive or misleading loss of honour or respect; disgrace. in spite of. anguish or suffering caused by pain, sorrow, worry, etc.

U-20, Dishonorable L-8 Despite U-21, Distress L-1 U-23, L-2

humiliating

m‡Ë¡I

in spite of

Pig `y`©kv

misery

Daunting

fq¼i

Decline

Kgv‡bv

Domestic U-24, chores L-4

Discrimination

U&L

Am¤§vbRbK

Overwhelming, discouraging lower, decrease, shorten

N‡ii KvRKg©

household work Prejudice, disparity

‣elg¨

Word

A_©

U-1, L-1

Envy

wnsmv Kiv

U-1, L-3

Expense

e¨q

U-3, L-1

Expect

Avkv Kiv

Explicit

cÖKvwkZ

Encourage

DrmvwnZ Kiv

Experience

AwfÁZv

Exactly

mwVKfv‡e

Effectively

Kvh©Kifv‡e

Emphasis

¸iæZ¡

Entertain

we‡bv`b Kiv

U-3, L-1 U-4, L-1

E Synonyms

discourage, intimidate. deteriorate; lose strength or vigour; decrease. of the home, household, or family affairs. treating sb less fairly than others English Meaning

jealousy, greed

to be jealous

cost, expenditure, hope, suppose obvious, clear, collaborate inspire, stimulate, animate

payment of money,

wisdom; knowledge correctly, precisely, impressively, strikingly, force, importance amuse, divert 

regard as likely. expressly stated give courage or confidence to observation of or practical acquaintance with facts or events. accurately operatively special importance that is given to somthing entertaining or being entertained.

423

U-5, L-6

Emergency

¸iæZ¡c~Y©

urgent

Extent

scope, degree

Embed

gvÎv `„Xfv‡e †Mu‡_ hvIqv

Expression

Awfe¨w³

appearance indicating feeling

Ecosystem

ev¯‧ms¯vb

Bionetwork, flora and fauna

Endanger

wec`MÖ¯Í Kiv/nIqv

Emit

wbM©Z Kiv, wbtmiY Kiv

Element

Dcv`vb

Exemplified

`„óvšÍ ev D`vniY Øviv cÖ`wk©Z

Evidence

put deeply into

unexpected sudden occurrence range, fix firmly in a surrounding mass. expressing or being expressed.

put in danger, imperil, jeopardize release, discharge constituent, component

living creatures in a particular area, considered in relation to their physical environment. to put sb/sth in a situation in which they could be harmed or damaged. to send out sth such as heat, gas etc. a necessary part of something

demonstrated, represented

explanation of sth by showing examples.

cÖgvY

proof

Endanger

wecbœ Kiv

to be at stake

Extinction

wejywß, webvk

extermination, destruction

U-7, L-1

Extreme

Pig

U-7, L-4

Erosion

cÖvK…wZK kw³i d‡j ÿq

acute, exceptional

signs that make you believe that sth is true. to put sb/sth in a situation in which they could be harmed or damaged. a situation in which a plant, a life etc. stops existing.

Event

NUbv

Earthquake

f~wgK¤ú

Expert

we‡klÁ

Expose

weeiY

Exceed

AwZµg Kiv| go beyond

U-6, L-1

U-6, L-2 U-6, L-3

U-6, L-4

U-7, L-5

U-8, L-3

corrosion destruction affair, happening, episode, Quake tremor, trembling experienced, master, proficient, specialist. to exhibit 

very great in degree. destruction of some solid things. a thing that happens. violent shaking of the earth’s surface. a person with special knowledge. description related to information cross over somthing

424

U-15, Enable L-2

†U‡b †ei Kiv, Av‡jvKm¤úvZ Kiv, AÁZvgy³ Kiv e¨qfvi Pvwc‡q †`Iqv mÿg Kiv, ÿgZv cÖ`vb Kiv

U-15, Essential L-2

cÖ‡hvRbxq, Acwinvh©

all important, necessary, requisite

U-15, Enhance L-2

evov‡bv ev e„w× Kiv

Heighten, raise

U-15, Enlighten L-3

Ávb`vb Kiv, AÁvZ ev wg_¨v wek¦vm `~i Kiv

intensify (qualities, powers, etc.); improve (something already good)

Clarify, clear up, shed light on, sort out

inform (about a subject). 2 (as enlightened adj.) progressive

U-15, Emergency L-5

Riæix Ae¯v

urgent

U-15, Ensure L-6

wbwðZ Kiv, wbivc` Kiv

sudden state of danger etc. requiring immediate action. make certain. 2 (usu. foll. by against) make safe

U-18, Energy L-6

Kg©kw³, ej

Extract U-9, L-1

Enlighten

U-13, Entails L-6

U-18, Endanger L-6

wec‡` †djv

U-18, Encompass L-4

‡eób Kiv, Ave„Z Kiv

U-18, Enormous L-3 U-17, Endow L-7

cÖPzi

U-17, Elect L-6 U-17, Emerge L-5

pull out

draw out for a quotation

Instruct, giving throw light upon knowledge Implicates, implies, means

necessitate or involve unavoidably

facilitate

make possible necessary; indispensable

Ascertain, assure Activity, Life, Might Animation Hazard, Imperil Belt, Enclose, Compass, Gird Huge

Endue, Enrich, Furnish, Grant Appoint, wbe©vwPZ ev Prefer, g‡bvwbZ Kiv Choose, Select Appear, Rise, cÖKvwkZ nIqv Escape, Issue m¤ú` `vb Kiv



capacity for activity, force, vigour place or thing in danger. surround extremely large provide with talent, ability, etc. choose by voting or selection come up or out into view

425

U-17, Enclose L-4

wN‡i †djv, msMÖw_Z Kiv

U-17, Embrace L-3

MÖnb ev Avwj½b Kiv

U-16, Expansion L-6

we¯Ívi

U-16, Ensure L-6

wbwðZ Kiv

U-16, Extreme L-5

Pig mxgv

U-16, End L-5 U-16, Endeavour L-5 U-16, Electric L-5 U-16, Encourage L-4

Finish, mgvß nIqv ev Close, Terminate, †kl Kiv Destroy Aim, cÖ‡Póv Attempt, Strive, Try Exciting, ‣e`y¨wZK, Flashing D‡ËRK Thrilling Avk¦¯Í ev DrmvwnZ Kiv

U-16, Extension L-4

we¯Ívi

U-16, Emotional L-3

Av‡e‡Mi mv‡_

U-16, Enjoy L-2 U-19, Efficient L-3 Emphasize

Encircle, Cover, Wrap, Surround Accept, Contain, Enfold, Clasp Amplification, Dilation, Increase, Opening"Complete, Full, Perfect, Pure Greatest, Excessive

Dc‡fvM Kiv `ÿ ‡Rvi †`Iqv

Assure, Cheer, Comfort, Inspire Expansion, Lengthening, Stretching, Dignity, Excited, Agitated. Passionate

a surround with a wall, fence, etc. hold closely in the arms, adopt (a cause, idea, etc.) expanding or being expanded make certain either of two things as remote or as different as possible extreme limit try earnestly charged with electricity or excitement give courage or confidence to

part enlarging or added on especially liable to emotion

Appreciate , Like , Relish, Love

take pleasure in

Effective, productive focus on,

productive with minimum waste or effort. put emphasis on, stress.



426

highlight Employment

Kg©ms¯vb

job, livelihood

U-20, Enthusiastic L-3 Energetic Entrails

D`¨gx

devoted, eager

kw³kvjx bvwofuywo

lively, strong intestines

U-20, Era L-8 Expanding

hyM

an age

we¯Z…ZKiY

extending

‡kvlb Kiv

abusing, misusing

mvg¨, b¨vqcivqb

fairness, justice

Av‡gv`-cÖ‡gv`

joy, amusement intrude

Exploiting U-21, L-2 Equity Entertainment

U-21, L-4 Encroach

U-23, Embellished L-1 U-23, Erosion L-3 U-24, Escort L-4 U&L

U-1, L-1

U-1, L-3

U-3, L-3

AbwaKvi cÖ‡ek Kiv ‡m․›`h©f~wlZ Kiv ÿq cvnviv †`qv

made graceful, beautiful wearing away accompany, guide

Word

A_©

F Synonyms

Favorable

AbyK~j

well-disposed;

Festive

Avb›`Nb

mirthful

Fence

‡eov

defence,

Famous

weL¨vZ

Formerly

c~‡e©i

Finance

Avw_©K

Frequently

evisevi

Fell off Firm

c‡o hvIqv k³

excellent, wellknown aforetime, anciently, previously monetary, revenue habitually, constantly drop solid, compact, 

person's trade or profession. attract by the offer of pleasure or reward. full of energy, vigorous. bowels, intestines. large period, esp. regarded historically. increase in size or importance. utilize or take advantage of (esp. a person) for one’s own ends. principles of justice used to correct or supplement the law. entertaining or being entertained. intrude on another’s territory etc. beautify, adorn. erosive person accompanying a person of the opposite gender socially. English Meaning Conducive to friendly suitable. feast like a barrier put round a garden, celebrated; in former times. money affairs occurring often or in close succession. stitch down Having strength

427

fixed, stable,

U-5, L-6 U-6, L-7

Fault

‡`vl

blunder, failing

Something wrong

Forward

m¤§yLeZ©x

advanced, foremost

towards a place.

U-7, L-2

Fall

kirKvj

autumn

U-9, L-1

Further

Av‡iv, AwaKZi `y‡i

to drop down from a higher level to a lower level.

extra

in addition to what has just been said

Fusion

mswgkªY, Mjb

mixture

Folk

mvaviYfv‡e gvbyl, †jvK AK…ZKvh©Zv AwMœwkLv Nb Kzqvkvi Rb¨ cwi®‥vi bq Ggb

not a success blaze

to process or result of joining two or more things together to one music in the traditional style of a country lack of success the flame of a fire

misty

not clear, because of fog

cÖvPxiwPÎ

mural

`ye©j wPË, wb‡¯ÍR

Decrepit, infirm

Federal

mÂq ev Pzw³ msµvšÍ

federal official,

Foreigners

we‡`kx, wfb‡`kx mnR Kiv, †Kvb Kó ev Amyweav `~i Kiv `ywf©ÿ, Pig Lv`¨vfve

Aliens, outlanders

a wall painting in water colours on freshy plaster lacking strength, energy, or effectiveness. of a system of government in which self-governing States unite for certain functions etc. person born in or coming from another country

Alleviate, help

ease (a process etc.)

Dearth, shortage

extreme scarcity, esp. of food. faculty of imagination or mental image

U-10, L-4

U-12, Failure L-1 Flame U-12, Foggy L-3 U-12, Fresco L-4 U-13, Feeble L-3 U-13, L-6

U-15, L-6

Facilitate Famine

U-18, Fancy L-6 U-17, Forward L-7 U-17, L-5 Figure

AjxK Kíbv AMÖeZ©x ivwk, wnmve Kiv

Conceive, Think, Like, Imagine Advanced Early, Onward Calculate, Depict, Compute, Imagine, 

towards the front to calculate an amount or the cost of sth

428

U-16, Famous L-6

Word Gain Give up

Celebraíed, Great Famed, Eminent Avw_©K e¨e¯v commerce, economics Dressed, mw¾Z decorated base, basis, wfwË ground UzKivK…Z uneven, patchy G A_© Synonyms AR©b Kiv take, earn, get Z¨vM Kiv resign, part with

Grow

e„w× nIqv

increase, develop

Grave

Kei

tomb

Gray

a~mi

ancient

Global

wek¦e¨vcx

worldwide, universal

Gradual

µgvMZ

Continuous

Green horn

AbwfÁ e¨w³

Gunny sack

P‡Ui _‡j

U-7, L-4

Greedy

‡jvjyc

U-9, L-5

Grant

m¤§Z nIqv, ¯^xKvi Kiv, †g‡b †bqv

U-20, L-2

Finance Furnished

U-21, Foundation L-3 Fragmented U&L

U-1, L-3 U-5, L-6 U-6, L-3 U-7, L-2

U-10, Gradually L-1 U-10, Generation L-4

weL¨vZ

µgvMZ, µgk

well-known management of (esp. public) money. (of a house etc.) let with furniture. a solid ground or base beneath a building. part broken off. English Meaning achieve, abandon increase in size, height, quantity, degree, dug in the ground for the burial of a corpse. of a colour intermediate between black and white dull. the whole world.

happening slowly over a long period. inexperienced a person who has little person. experience. Sacks/bags made a large bag made from of jute. rough material. more money covetous, craving wanting power etc. allowance

sth to agree to give sb what they ask for

slowly

over a long period of time

cÖRb¥, es‡ki GKwU ch©vq, age group Drcv`b,msNUb



all the people who were born at about the same time

429

U-17, Graphic L-5 Graceful U-18, L-5

Glory

U-20, Growth L-2 U-21, Globalisation L-1 U&L

Word

descriptive, wPÎ‡jL, wPÎgq illustrative telting, Pictorial Easy, †kvfb, mvejxj beautiful, becoming exaltation, hk, gwngv brilliance, pride, splendour development, e„w× expansion wek¦vqb

A_©

U-6, L-4

Habitat

¯^vfvweK evm¯vb

U-7, L-3 U-7, L-4 U-8, L-3

Hamper

ÿwZMÖ¯Í Kiv

Homeless Harsh Habit

U-9, L-1

U-9, L-3

Humanity

Huge

U-12, Hurry L-3 U-12, Horizontal L-4

worldwide, universalisation H Synonyms the place where a particular type of animal or plant is normally found to live.

of or relating to the visual or descriptive arts having or showing grace or elegance thing that brings renown, distinction, or pride act or process of growing. the fact that different cultures and economic systems around the world are becoming connected and similar English Meaning the place where a particular type of animal or plant is normally found.

damage

to prevent sb from easily doing.

M„nnxb

destitute, houseless

having no home

KK©k

comfortless

unkind, hard

custom

usual behaviour

humankind

the quality of being kind to people or animals

Af¨vm, mvaviY AvPiY gvbeZv, mü`qZv, gbyl¨Z¡, gvbeRvwZ wekvj, wecyj

large, great, bulky, gargantuan, immense, vast, extremely large in size or prodigious, amount enormous, monstrous, colossal,

ZvovZvwo K‡i Kiv ev urgency Pjv w`M‡šÍi mgvšÍivj, flat Avbyf~wgK

act of moving with haste parallel to the horizon, flat 

430

Harmony

HK¨

agreement

Homemaker

M„n wbg©vZv

Human, individual

U-14, Household L-3

M„¯vwj m¤úwK©Z gvbe wn‣Zlx, †jvKwnZK i

Family, home

agreement the person who manages house occupants of a house as a unit, house and its affairs.

do-gooder, humancentered

person who seeks to promote human welfare.

Head, Elevation, Tallness Delighted, Lucky, Fortunate Inheritance, Legacy, Portion, Bequest

measurement from base to top or head to foot feeling or showing pleasure or contentment

Humanitarian

U-16, Height L-4 U-17, Happy L-3

D”PZv myLx, fvM¨evb

U-18, Heritage L-1

DËivaxKvi

U-20, Humble L-8

mvgb¨

Word

A_©

I Synonyms

Imagine

Kíbv Kiv

conceive, think

Introduce

cwiwPZ Kiv‡bv

Involve

RwoZ Kiv

Insist

wR`vwRw` Kiv

Integrity

mvayZv

Instinctive

mnRvZ

Intensification

ZxeªZv e„w×

Implicit

myß

make known, acquaint include, entail, affect, cause urge, emphasize, persist honesty, uprightness intuition, innate, impulse, innate, enhancement, amplification obscure, silent absolute

U&L

U-1, L-1 U-1, L-2 U-4, L-1 U-5, L-5 U-5, L-6 U-3, L-1 U-6, L-1

U-6, L-2

Interrelated

Imbalance

ci¯ú‡ii m‡½ m¤úK©hy³ fvimvg¨nxb Zv, Amvgb¨Zv

not large

Interconnected inequity, disparity

Important

¸iæZ¡c~Y©

significant

In sanitary

A¯^v¯¨Ki, KuvPv

unhygienic, dirty, contaminated 

what is or may be inherited having or showing low self-esteem. English Meaning form a mental image or concept of. known by name to another, Cause to fix maintain or demand assertively moral excellence; honesty pattern of behaviour thing that makes something more intense. implied though not plainly expressed. connected to each other. a situation in which two or more things are not the same size having a great effect on people or things dirty and likely to spread disease.

431

U-6, L-5 U-6, L-7 U-7, L-1 U-7, L-2 U-7, L-3 U-8, L-3

U-9, L-1

U-9, L-5 U-10, L-1

U-10, L-4 U-11, L-7

Indiscrimin ate

wek„•Lj, Gjv‡g‡jv

random, arbitrary

Improve

DbœwZ Kiv

advance, enhance

Include

AšÍ©f~³ Kiv

Impact

cÖfve, djvdj

comprise, contain, consist of

Incredibly

Awek¦vm¨iƒ‡c

amazingly, unbelievably

the powerfull effect that sth has on sb/sth. that is very difficult to believe.

Inadequate

Ach©vß

Insufficient

not enough

Increase

e„w×

enhancement, growth, advancement

to make sth greater in amount

Illiteracy

AšÍiY, AšÍiY mvgMÖx wbiÿi, Aÿi Ávbnxb, AÁ wbiÿiZv, AÁZv

Intellectual

eyw×e„wËK, †e․w×K

Ignorance

AÁZv, AbwfÁZv AšÍf©y³/A šÍM©Z Kiv

Insulation Illiterate

Include Informative

Z_¨c~Y©, wkÿvg~jK

Influence

cÖfve, ÿgZv, cÖZvc

instrument

Kvh© mva‡bi nvwZqvi, hš¿cvwZ

Interpret

effect, influence.

acting without careful judgment to become better than before. add sth to sth

padding, filling

the act of protecting sth with a material that prevent heat.

unlettered, uneducate, ignorant.

not knowing how to read or write

uneducation

the state of not capable to read or write using a person’s ability to think in a logical way

inventive, learned, academic, mental, metaphysical, illiteracy involve, comprise, consist, take in, enclose, educative, instructive actuate, draw, excite, lead, prompt, urge, move, induce, stir, incite. tool, material

explain, expound, e¨vL¨v Kiv, elucidate, translate, Abyev` Kiv define, clarify, render 

a lack of knowledge or information about sth to make sb/sth part of sth giving useful information the power that sb/sth has to make sb/sth behave in a particular way a tool used for a particular task expound, translate

432

Identity

Av‡ivcb Kiv hvi Dci Ab¨vq Kiv n‡q‡Q Ggb wPý, A¯úó avibv wek¦vm Aviw¤¢K Abb¨Zv, A‡f`

Inner

Avf¨šÍwiK

Impose U-12, L-1

L-12, L-3

Injured

Impression Initial

U-12, L-4

Institutionalize

U-14, L-1

Invent Influence Integration

cÖwZ¯vcb, cÖeZ©b, ms¯vcb Kiv m„wó ev D™¢veb Kiv cÖfve, cÖZvc, cÖwZcwË A½xf~ZKi,

GKv½xfeb

imbute, press

lay on

wounded

person on whom illegal task has been done

sign, belief

One’s notion, belief

beginning

of the beginning

distinctiveness

the state of being the same

inward, internal, private, interior, real, secret,

interior

Charge, commit, send

made dependent after a long period in an institution.

Contrive, discover

create by thought, originate (a method, device, etc.)

act upon, charm

power that can be imposed

Consolidation, desegregation, integrating

joining together

Unavailability

not accessible, unapproachable the earliest period of a child’s life, schoolchild below the age of seven years

Inaccessibility

AMg¨Zv, Ajf¨Zv, AbwZMg¨v

U-15, L-6

Infant

wkï, AcÖvßeq¯‥v

Babe, baby, infantile

U-16, L-1

Inaugurate

Awfwl³ ev D‡Øvab Kiv

Begin, Start, Install, Commerce

U-16, L-7

Installation

Awf‡lK, ms¯vcb

U-17, L-2

Incident

U-17,

Instruction

cªZ¨vwkZ ev Kg ¸iæZ¡c~Y© NUbv wkÿb,

admit formally to office or initiate the public use

Introductlon, Induction, Manipulate,

Place, equipment or thing in position ready for use

Affair, Event, Episode, Scene, Occurrence

A minor occurrence, or public disturbance

Education,Informa Order, direction or teaching 

433

L-2 U-17, L-6

Instant

wb‡`©kbv ZvrÿwYK, Riæwi D™¢veb‡K․ kj, wePÿb

tion, Teaching Earnest, Urgent, Pressing, Current

occurring immediately

Able, Adept, Clever

clever at inventing, organizing, etc.

U-18, L-6

Ingenious

U-19, L-3 U-19, L-5

Inequality

AmgZv

Disparity, variation

lack of equality.

Intervention

n¯Í‡ÿc

interference

interference, esp. by a State.

important

¸iæZ¡c~Y©

basic, chief

Institution

cÖwZôvb

academy, organization

U-20, L-3

Impoverished

nZ `wi`ª

poor, ruined

made poor.

U-20, L-4

Irony

cwinvm

joke, satire

U-20, L-8

Immortal Inflict

Agi, wPi¯vqx Av‡ivc Kiv

not mortal, living for ever administer, apply burden

expression of meaning, often humorous or sarcastic, using language of a different or opposite tendency.

Inherent

mnRvZ

natural, inborn

Instant

Riæix, ZvrÿwbK

existing in something as an essential or permanent attribute.

immediate, quick

occurring immediately.

Immediately

Zrÿbvr

at once, at the moment

without pause or delay.

Inherent

AšÍwb©wnZ

inborn

Impoverished

Mwie

poor, ruined

Instantaneous

ZvrÿwbK

immediate, instant

Influence

cÖfve

Interacting

wg_w®…qZv

effect, impact communicating with some one while working

Independent

¯^vaxb

free, sovereign

Intelligibility

‡evaMg¨Zv cixÿv

clearness, lucidity Cheek, scrutiny

U-20, L-2

U-20, L-8 U-21, L-1 U-21, L-2 U-21, L-3 U-21, L-5 U-21, L-6

Inspection

of great effect or consequence; momentous. organization or society founded for a particular purpose.



a living for ever; not mortal. impose sth. on sb

existing in something as an essential or permanent attribute. make poor. occurring or done in an instant. affect something reciprocally active. not depending on authority or control. able to be understood. look closely at.

434

U-23, L-1

Immense

U&L

U-9, L-1

U-12, L-3

cÖPzi

huge, abundant

Word

A_©

Judgement

wePvi, ivq, mywe‡ePbv

the act of judging

Jostle

av°v gviv

Jam

Lvevi Dcv`vb Lvevi Dcv`vb

J Synonyms intellect, sagacity, adjudication, penetration, estimation, verdict, decision, rulling. hustle, push, thurst, jolt, joggle, scramble, shake, stuff

one kind of food item

Jelly U-17, L-5 U-18, L-1 U-18, L-2 U&L

U-10, L-1 U&L

U-1, L-1 U-1, L-2 U-1, L-3 U-8, L-3 U-9, L-1

Word Kid

mvgwqKx

A_© wkï ev ZiæY (Awkó)

Word

A_©

Lonely

GKvKx

Lineage

m¤úK©/esk

Look after Lift Loudness

Limit

English Meaning

strike against

one kind of food item

Diary, Log, Record, Register Apology, Píea, Justfication b¨vh¨Zv, Defence, cÖwZcv`K Vindication Fair, Good, Due, Just b¨vh¨, mwVK Exact Journal

a lot of

K Synonyms children

Newspaper, periodical, daily record of events showing the justice or correctness of a person, act, assertion, etc. morally right or fair English Meaning a child

L Synonyms isolated, , solitary

ancestry, lineal, descent. attend to, take care ‡`Lv Kiv of DPz Kiv raise, elevate ZxeªZv, L‡ii clamour, noise, D”PZv, intensity mxgv, cwiwa, boundary, border, †kl cÖvšÍ, bound, edge mxgve× ev wbqwš¿Z Kiv 

English Meaning uninhabited lineal descent Keep something in care remove to higher position making a lot of noise boundary, the utmost extent, confine to, within limits

435

U-12, L-1

lock

Ave× Kiv

U-12, L-3

lodging house

evmvevwo

U-13, L-6 U-16, L-2 U-1, L-5

Legally

‣eafv‡e

lawfully, de jure

Length

‣`N©¨

duration, extent, range,

Lend

avi †`Iqv

Loan, advance

U-21, L-2

Laissezfaire

cÖavbZ evwYwR¨K †jv‡b miKv‡ii n¯Í‡ÿc bv Kivi Aeva bxwZ

the principle of allowing private business with out any state control

U&L

Word

A_©

Manage

msMÖn Kiv

Maintain

iÿv Kiv

U-3, L-3 U-4, L-1 U-4, L-3

Mistake

fyj

error, wrong,

blunder

Martial

mvgwiK

warlike, military

of war,

Meditate

a¨vb Kiv

U-7, L-2

Malice

A‡b¨i AcKv‡ii B”Qv,Aïf Kvgbv

Major

e„nr, cÖavb

Mandatory

eva¨Zvg~jK

Minimise

n«vm Kiv, Kgv‡bv

Measure

cwigvc Kiv

Mention

D‡jøL Kiv

U-1L-2

U-7, L-5

U-8, L-3 U-9, L-3

security device, catch temporary house, place to stay, quarters house

confine a house for accommodating lodgers of or based on law; concerned with law measurement or extent from end to end allow the use of (money) at interest. (also laisser-faire) policy of non-interference.

M Synonyms English Meaning collect, to collect sth. gather control, cause provide means for to, continue

engage in contemplation

plan mentally

enmity, bitterness

a feeling of hatred for sb that causes a desire to harm

bigger, chief, considerable, principal compulsory, obligatory cut down, decrease, lessen, diminish. calculate, evaluate. declare, announce 

very large or important required by law to reduce sth to find the size, quantity etc. to write or speak about sth. especially

436

U-9, L-5

Maintenance

iÿYv‡eÿY, fiY-‡cvlY

take-care pattern, method Unison, symphony calculate, evaluate step, initiative sacrifice, devotion in the meantime, for now, temporarily

U-10, L-1 U-10, L-4

Mode Melody

Kg©c×wZ, aiY, m½xZ, myi, my‡ijv aŸwb

U-11, L-1

Measure

cwigvc, cwigvb

Martyrdom knx‡`i AvZ¥ewj U-12, L-1

U-12, L-4

Meanwhile

BZ¨-em‡i, ga¨eZ©x Kvj

Movement

Ae¯vb cwieZ©b, MwZ, Av‡›`vjb

Awfe¨w³, Manifestation cÖKvk, cÖ`k©b

change demonstratio n expression appearance

the act of keeping sth in good condition by checking or repairing it regular a particular way of doing sth Sweet music to judge the importance, value or effect of sth,quantity etc the death of a martyr in the intervening time, change of position motion, joint effort to bring about some revolution display the best specimen of a work or art

Masterpiece

wkíx ev Kwei †kªô Ae`vb

Motif

wkí mvwn‡Z¨i g~j Dcv`vb ev cÖavb cÖm½

image, design, pattern

Malnutrition

Acywó, cywónxbZv

deficiency disease

U-14, L-1 U-13, L-6 U-15, L-6 U-16, L-2

Moral

‣bwZK

ethical

Military

‣mwbK ev †mbvevwnbx m¤^Üx

armed forces

Maternity

gvZ…Z¡, cÖm~wZ nvmcvZvj

condition resulting from the lack of foods necessary for health concerned with principles of right and wrong behaviour. of or characteristic of soldiers or armed forces

motherhood

motherhood, motherliness of multiplication

U-17, L-1

Muggy

m¨uvZ‡mu†Z I Dò

Generative, Intensified clammy, damp, moist, Humid

U-17,

Moment

gyn~Z©, cjK

current, fresh, very brief portion of time

U-13, L-3

Multiplicat ive

mg„×, ewa©Z

great work

Idea of theme of a work



oppressively humid

437

L-6

present dynamic, forceful, strong, powerful

U-17, L-7

Mighty

civµgkvjx, weivU

U-18, L-5 U-20, L-8

Material

e¯‧MZ, Ro

substance

matter from which a thing is made.

Marginally

cÖvwšÍKfv‡e

slightly

very slightly.

U-21, L-1

Mutual

ci¯úi

reciprocal

U-21, L-4

Manufacturing

Drcv`b

producing

powerful and massive

experienced or done by each of two or more parties to or towards the other(s) making of articles, esp. in a factory etc.

U&L U-5, L-5

Word

A_©

N Synonyms

Notice

†`Lv

Observe, see,

attention, observation

U-6, L-7

Normal

mvaviY, wbqg gvwdK

accustomed, routine, usual.

usual or ordinary.

U-8, L-3

Normal

¯^vfvweK, wbqggvwdK

U-10, L-1

Numerous

A‡bK, wecyj msL¨K

U-11, L-7 U-12, L-4 U-13, L-6

Norm

Av`k©, QuvP

ideology

a type, a model

¯^‡`kvbyivM, †`kvZœ‡eva Naturalization bvMwiKZ¡ jvf wecyj Numerous msL¨K, A‡bK, eû

patriotisom

patriotic sentiment

citizenship

Getting citizenship of a country

huge, various

many, consisting of many

O Synonyms

English Meaning

U-15, L-6

Nationalism

U&L Word U-5, Orphanage L-6 U-7, Oily L-2 U-7, Onset L-4

A_©

usual, accustomed, common many, manifold, various, several, diverse, sundry,

English Meaning

usual or ordinary.

being many

GwZgLvbv

home

Place for the orphan.

•Zjv³

greasy, fatty

containing or covered with oil.

ïiæ, AvµgY

beginning

the beginning of sth, especially sth unpleasant. 

438

U-9, L-1

U-9, L-3 U-9, L-5

‡hvM, Opportunity my myweav Obstacle

evav, cÖwZeÜK

Owing

†`q, Av‡ivc Kiv hvq Ggb, Rb¨, †nZz

Offer

Oversea

U-11, L-7

Obvious

Often

cÖ¯Íve Kiv, cÖ¯Íve †`qv

Opposition

wecÿZv

U-13, L-3

Occasionally

gv‡S g‡a¨

U-13, L-6

Obligation

U-14, L-3 U-15, L-3 U-16, L-7 U-17,

Opt

‣bwZK ev AvBbMZ eva¨evaKZv ‡e‡Q †bqv, gbw¯i Kiv

Opportunity my‡hvM Opinion

an occasion of convenience hindrance, an impediment

due, yet to be due, ascribable, caused by on paid account of advance afford, extend, give, propose, present

•e‡`wkK, mgy‡`ªi Aci cv‡ii (†`‡k, †`k abroad †_‡K, †`‡ki Rb¨) explicit, apparent, ¯úóZ open, cÖZxqgvb, manifest, cwi®‥vi evident, patent repeatedly, cÖvqB, Nb habitually Nb regularly

U-12, L-3

Operate

chance, advantage, convenience hindrance, objection, bar

antagonism, hostility, conflict at times, from time to time

make a proposal to

foreign

manifest

many times antagonism happening irregularly and infrequently

Duty, constraining power of a law, responsibility duty, contract, etc decide, choice

make a choice, decide

Chance

Pvjv‡bv, Act, Work, wµqvkxj Function wek¦vm, aviYv Belíef. 

favourable chance or opening offered by circumstances. be in action or function view held as probable

439

L-6 U-20, L-3 U-21, L-4 U-23, L-1 U& L U-1, L-1 U-1, L-2

U-1, L-5

Fancy, Judgment, Idea exceptional, Outstanding AmvaviY remarkable Occasion mgq, Dcjÿ opportunity, time opposite, Opposed wec‡ÿ different Oppressive wbôzi cruel, unfair P Word A_© Synonyms Publish

cÖKvk Kiv

Pattern

KvVv‡gv

Proud Pastoral

Mwe©Z MÖvg¨

Pose

‡`Lv‡bv

Psychology Provide

gb¯ÍvZvwZ¡K ‡`qv

Perform

m¤úv`b Kiv

Pastime U-4, L-3

Possesses Pierce

Aemi we‡bv`b AwaKvix nIqv, we× Kiv

U-5, L-6

Predicated

c~‡e©i

U-6, L-1

Prevent

evav †`Iqv

Polluted

`ywlZ

product

cY¨ `ªe¨

Poisonous

welv³

Provide Particularly

U-6, L-2 U-6, L-3 U-6, L-4

conspicuous, because of excellence. a special event or happening. set oneself against oppressing. English Meaning

advertise, make generally known. reveal model, form, design, order perky, touchy, haughty of a pastor of shepherd place, assume a certain Show something attitude mental the science of the mind import, give To impart something accomplish, carry To do something as out, performance diversion, To do something for pleasure recreation belong to,

hold as property find access into

cÖ`vb Kiv, mieivn Kiv

penetrate assert about the subjects of a preposition avert, foil, check, stop Contaminated, infected crop, food stuff toxic, venomous give, offer, supply, afford

we‡klZ

Specially

especially; more than usual 

Thing done before to stop sb from doing sth. harmful substance. a thing that is grown or produced causing death or illness to give sth to sb.

440

U-6, L-7 U-7, L-1 U-7, L-2 U-7, L-4

U-7, L-5

U-8, L-3

U-9, L-1

method, order, plan action, method, formula. cover, defence. realistically, sensibly distinctly distinctly, exceptionally

Pattern

bgybv c×wZ, Av`k© ixwZ

Procedure

c×wZ

Protection

cÖwZ‡iva

Practically

Kvh©Z

Particularly

we‡kl K‡i

Protect

iÿv Kiv

Possibility

m¤¢vebv

Pose

Rb¥`vb Kiv, DÌvcb Kiv

Precaution

c~e© mZK©Zv

Pleasant

myLKi

Process

cÖwµqv

Provide

†hvMv‡bv

Progress

DbœwZ

Purpose

D‡Ï‡k¨

aim, goal

Promote

DrmvwnZ Kiv

raise, lift, elevate, advance, aid,

defend, escort chance, probability, likelihood attitude, position, posture, stance anticipation, protection, safeguard, insurance. agreeable, acceptable, charming theory, method, procedure supply, prepare, arrange, catter, procure, furnish, contribute, give, produce. development, improvement



the regular way in which sth happen. a way of doing sth. the act of protecting sb/sth. almost; very nearly. do sth specially to make sure that sb/sth is not harmed. the fact that sth might exist or happen pretend to be sb in order to trick something that is done in advance to avoide problem. pleasing or attractive. a method of doing or making sth

to give sth to sb

the process of improving the intention, aim or function of sth to help sth to happen

441

Participant

AskMÖvnK

Presenter

Dc¯vcK

Poverty

`vwi`ª

Procedure

cÖwµqv, Kvh©cÖYvjx

Proficiency

cvi`wk©Zv

Pattern

QuvP, bgybv

Polite

f`ª, mykxj

U-11, Private L-7

e¨w³MZ

U-9, L-3 U-9, L-5

U-11, L-1

U-12, L-1

Performance

m¤úv`b, K…wZZ¡ m¤úbœ Kvh©

Prison

KvivMvi

Protest

cÖwZev` Kiv

Procession

wgwQj

U-12, Proctor L-1

QvÎ‡`i g‡a¨ wbqg k„•Ljv iÿvi fvicÖvß

Pierce

we× Kiv

profuse

cÖPzi

help, support, cultivate, member, contributor contestant, applicant introducer

a person who is taking part in an activity

scarcity, shortage dearth

the state of being poor

a person who introduces the different sectionsof radio or TV program

method, theory a way of doing sth efficiency, skill, apt model, process, way elegant, gentle, polished, courtly, courteous, civil, secret, special peculiar, individual, conficdential, exclusive, intimate, presentation recital, act

ability of doing sth well because of training and practice the regular way in which sth happens or is done having or showing good manners

belonging to or for the use of a particular person or group

how well or badly you do sth

jail, secure unit a building where people are kept as a punishment for claim or a solemn declaration of complain opinion against sth against sth. demonstration, a train of persons in a formal march, parade march an official with various duties, including the An officer maintenance of discipline among students stab, cut, slice penetrate open plentiful, copious 

442

U-12, persuade L-3

U-12, L-4

cÖ‡ivwPZ Kiv

pioneer

AMÖ`~Z

provide

cÖ¯Z ‧ K‡i ivLv, †hvMv‡bv

Pride

Me©, Me©‡eva

Privilege

Prefer U-14, L-1 Pivot

abundant bountiful urge, entice, coax, convince, induce, impel, allure founder, intorducer supply, prepare, arrange, cater, procure, furnish, contribute, give, produce. arrogance, conceit, loftiness, haughtines, boast, vanity,

‡h AwaKvi †Kvb we‡kl exclusive e¨w³ ev c`gh©v`vKvixi right, favor c‡ÿB †fvM¨ AwaKZi cQ›` Kiv choose, favor

†h wcb ev wKQy‡K †K›`ª pin, pivot man K‡i †Kvb wKQy

we®§qKi Phenomenon e¨w³, welq, NUbv

event

Patronage

c„ô‡cvlKZv, mg_©b

Backing, business

U-13, Passport L-6

we‡`k hvÎx‡K cÖ`Ë miKvix QvocÎ

Pass

U-15, Perform L-2

‡Kvb Kg© ¯ú›`b Kiv ‡Kvb wKQy Kivi cwiKíbv Kiv, cwiKíbv

U-15, Project L-3

prevail on one who goes before to prepare the way for another prepare, supply

the state of feeling of being proud right, advantage, or immunity, belonging to a person, class, or office like better shaft or pin on which something turns or oscillates fact or occurrence that appears or is perceived, esp. one of which the cause is in question patron's or customer's support official document certifying the holder's identity and citizenship, and authorizing travel abroad

do, execute

carry into effect

cast, classroom project

an undertaking requiring concerted effort. 

443

Provide U-15, Pre-requisite L-2 Pickle U-15, Promote L-2

ms¯vb Kiv, h_vh_ cÖ¯w‧ Z MÖnY Kiv Ab¨wKQyi kZ© wn‡m‡e Avek¨Kxq e¯‧, c~e©vKw•LZ jebv³ Rj, wf‡bMvi, RviK c‡`vbœwZ `vb Kiv, msewa©Z Kiv

U-17, Payment L-4

cÖ‡`q

U-17, Probably L-4

Lye m¤¢e

U-17, Popular L-6

‡jvKMÖvn¨, RbwcÖq

U-17, Purpose L-6

D‡Ïk¨

U-17, Peace L-6

kvwšÍ

U-17, Personal L-6

e¨w³MZ

U-17, Passion L-7

cÖej AbyivM Drmvn, †µva ev N„Yv

U-17, Perfect L-7 U-18, Preservation L-1

wbLyuZ msiÿY

cater, furnish

to make available

requirement

required as a precondition

marinade

food, esp. vegetables, preserved in brine, vinegar, mustard, etc

advance, boost

help forward; encourage

fee, salary, .reward, wages likely, perhaps, possibly, may be accepted, liked, admired, familiar proper. resolve, plan, aim. agreement, quiet, slience, harmony individual, private, special, physical

paying or amount paid that may be expected to happen or prove true

liked by many people

object to be attained quiet or tranquility

one's own

desire

strong emotion

accurately, fully, completely care, keeping, conservation,

denoting a completed action or event



keeping safe or free from decay

444

U-19, Perspective L-3 U-20, Provide L-2 Poverty U-20, Prosperity L-3

`„wó‡KvY mieivn Kiv `vwi`ª mg„w×

Predicting

c~e©vfvm

Predictor

fwel¨Ø³v

Prejudice U-21, L-4 Pay

Kzms¯‥vi

U-20, L-8

U-21, L-5

sately outlook, view point afford, allot, donate hardship, debt plenty, affluence fore telling, forecasting prophet, foreteller superstition

LiP enb Kiv

bear the expenses

Perspective

`„wó‡KvY

outlook, view

Profound

Mfxi

deep, sincere

mental view of the relative importance of things. take care of a person etc. with money, food, etc. being poor; want. prosperous state; wealth; success. predicting or being predicted. people or instrument that forecast a preconceived opinion. what is due for services done, goods received, debts incurred, etc. mental view of the relative importance of things. having or demanding great knowledge, study, or insight

search, penetrating investigation. investigate some thing that U-21, Phenomenon welq, fact or occurrence that happens or L-6 Bw›`ªq‡MvPi appears or is perceived, exists. wU‡K _vKv, preserve, continue firmly or Persist cwi‡ek continue obstinately Q U&L Word A_© Synonyms English Meaning U-4, motionless, Quiet kvšÍ being quiet L-6 gentle cÖkvšÍ, silent, calm, U-11, Quiet my w ¯ i, kvšÍ , still, pacified, calm, atrest, gentle, mild L-7 bgª secret enquiry, sentence worded or expressed U-18, Question cÖk,œ cÖkœ interrogation, so as to seek information or an L-1 Kiv investigation answer Probe

U&L U-1, L-1 U-1, L-5

‡LvRv

Word

A_©

Rely

wbf©i Kiv

Realize

eySv

Rear Recreation

jvjbcvjb Kiv we‡bv`b

Synonyms depend on, confide in conceive, comprehend raise, bring up enjoyment, 

English Meaning Having dependence To understand To foster of refreshment

445

pastime,

U-3, L-3 U-4, L-1 U-6, L-2

Ride

Pov

Relaxation

Avivg

Responsible

`vqx

U-6, L-5

Respiratory

k¦vm-cÖkv¦ m msµvšÍ

breathing

Refabricate

cybt wbg©vY Kiv

reproduce, reconstruct

Reuse

cybivq e¨envi Kiv

reconstitute, recycle

Recycle

eR©¨ `ªe¨‡K cybt e¨env‡ii Dc‡hvMx Kiv

reprocess, salvage, reuse

Rapidly

`ªæZMwZ‡Z

Rubbish

AveR©bv

Render

NUv‡bv

cause to be, make

to give sb sth.

Resistant

cÖwZ‡ivaK

defiant, hostile, obstinate

not affected by sth.

Regularly

wbqwgZfv‡e

normally, usually

Refine

†kvab Kiv,

Restriction

evav

Resource Requisite Rival

m¤ú`, msMwZ Avek¨K cÖwZØ›Øx

purify limit, constraint restraint source necessary opponent

Range

cwimi

variety

extent

Replace

cÖwZ¯vcb Kiv

restore

take the place of

pass on

point to as the source or origin of

impolite fame held in reserve

impolite harsh Good name unemotional

U-6, L-7

U-7, L-4 U-7, L-5 U-8, L-3 U-9, L-1 U-9, L-3 U-9, L-5 U-10, L-4 U-11, L-1 U-11, L-7

Refer Rude Reputation Reserved

†Kvb wKQyi KviY ev DrcwË¯^iƒc wb‡`©k Kiv, D‡jøL Kiv AwebxZ, KK©k L¨vwZ Pvcv ¯^fv‡ei

travel, traverse,

be carried on

flexibility, relaxed accountable, liable

feeling relaxed having the job or duty of doing sth. connected with breathing, relating to breathing to invent false information in order to trick people to use sth again.

that have already been used sothat they can be used again happening in a fast, promptly short period of time. things that you debris, litter, trash throw away



at regular intervals or time. Making pure confinement fortune, fund necessary a competitor

446

U-12, L-1

Reaction Restrain Rush

cÖwZwµqv `gb Kiv `ªæZ‡e‡M cÖ‡ek Kiv

response hold back

action in return check

hurry

enter hastily

U-14, L-3

Recognize

assure, comfort, encourage, hearten, support. famous,extraordin conspicuous, weL¨vZ, jÿ¨ Kivi ary noticeable, †hvM¨ strange, distinguished cÖwZdwjZ nIqv mirror we‡`ªvn, we‡`ªvnx rebellion nIqv mbv³ Kiv, wPb‡Z accredit, cviv acknowledge

U-14, L-3

Range

mvwi‡Z ev †kªYx‡Z myweb¨¯Í Kiv

ambit, array

U-13, L-6

Republic

cÖRvZš¿ m`m¨‡`i mgvb my‡hvM myweav Av‡Q Ggb mgvR

commonwealth, democracy

U-13, L-6

Reform

ms‡kvab Kiv, ms¯‥vi Kiv

regenerate, straighten out

U-13, L-6

Resident

house physician, nonmigratory

U-15, L-3

emevmiZ, AvevwmK emevm Kvix

Reference

D‡jL, m~Î, kib

indication

U-15, L-2

Rural

MÖvgxb, MÖvg¯

U-15, L-2 U-15, L-2

Raise

DVv‡bv, D‡Ëvjb Kiv

Rational

eyw×e„wË m¤úbœ

U-12, L-3

U-12, L-4

Reassure

Remarkable Reflect Revolt

wek¦vm cÖ`vb Kiv

give confidence to distinguished, noteworthy show an image of a rebellion, rebel identify as already known region between limits of variation, esp. scope of effective operation state in which supreme power is held by the people or their elected representatives or by an elected or nominated president, not by a monarch etc make or become better by the removal of faults and errors permanent inhabitant

Referring to sth or sb in, of, or comntryside suggesting the country acclivity, advance, put or take into a ascent higher position of or based on intellectual reason, sensible 

447

U-15, L-6

Rehabilitation

c~be©vmb

U-15, L-6

Reduce

Kgv‡bv, n«vm Kiv

U-16, L-3

Reflection

cÖwZdjb

Rue

AbyZvc

Recover

cybiæ×vi

U-17, L-4

Replace

cÖwZ¯vcb Kiv

U-17, L-6

Report

weeiY, cÖwZ‡e`b

U-17, L-7

Remain

Aewkó, Ae¯vb

continue, last, enduré, stay

U-18, L-4

Recommendati on

mycvwik

approvement, sanction, praise

U-19, L-3 U-20, L-2

state as fact or news, narrate or describe or repeat be in the same place or condition during further time suggestion as fit for some purpose or use

Responsibility

`vwqZ¡

liability, duty

being responsible.

Reduction

n«vm

reducing or being reduced.

Radically

Avg~j

contraction, decrease entirely, completely

Recognition

¯^xK…wZ

acceptance

Relentlessly

evievi

continuously, insistently

Rapid

`ªæZ

quick, speedy

Right

AwaKvi

privilege granted by state, due

Recognition

¯^xK…wZ

acceptance

U-16, L-4

U-20, L-3

U-20, L-4

U-21, L-4

reclamation, renewal

restore to effectiveness or normal life by training etc., esp. after imprisonment or illness make or become smaller or less

abbreviate, abridge shadow, consideration, thinking, meditation deplore, grieve, regret, repent rally, revive, save, regain refund, restore, supersede, reinstate advertise, declare,announce, broadcast



reflecting or being reflected repent of; wish to be undone or nonexistent regain possession, use, put back in place

fundamental recognizing or being recognized. unrelenting, oppressively constant. acting or completed in a short time. just, morally or socially correct recognizing or being recognized.

448

U-21, L-6

Require

U& L U-1, L-1 U-1, L-2 U-3, L-2

Word

want, need, necessitate

Avek¨K nIqv A_©

S Synonyms

need; depend on for success English Meaning

cry out

¯^vgx ev ¯¿x wew”Qbœ

shriek, sudden cry spouse seperate

Show

‡`Lv‡bv

indicate

point out

Spend

pay out, use

use up (material etc.).

slip, skate, fall

move along a smooth surface

Slope

e¨q Kiv, gm„Y wKQyi Dci w`‡q wcQ‡j hvIqv Xvj

inclined position, direction,

Sanitation

cqtwb®‥vkb

Stretch

cÖmvwiZ Kiv

Skate

‡¯‥U, k³ KvVv‡gv

U-4, L-3

Spell

hv`y

U-5, L-5

Stubbornness GK¸‡qgx

U-5, L-6

Subterfuge

declivity improving of sanitary condition spread out, extend slip, fall, slide magic, charm, enchantment obstinate, refractory an artifice, a trick firmly fixed. environs, settings appropriate, fit, proper important, noteworthy

Scream

wPrKvi Kiv

Spouses Segregate

Slide U-4, L-1

U-6, L-1 U-6, L-2 U-6, L-3 U-6, L-4 U-6, L-5 U-6, L-7 U-7,

Qjbv

Steady

GKUvbv ©, Surroundings cwicvk¦ PZzw`©K Suitable

Dchy³

Significant

¸iæZ¡c~Y©

Sterility

eÜ¨vZ¡

infertility

Slaughter

RevB Kiv

slay,

Specific

mywbw`©ó

Seriously Submerge

exact, precise definite critically, ¸iæZ¡mnKv‡i severely cøvweZ / RjgMœ drowned, 

husband/wife set apart

sanitary conditions. draw, be drawn a metallic resister fascination exercised by a person inflexible attempt to avoid blame firmly fixed or supported; that is near or around sth. right or appropriate large or important enough not good enough to produce crops. the killing of animals for their meat. detailed and exact. in a serious way. to go under the surface of

449

L-1

Scarcity

inundated cøvweZ n‡qwQj deluged, flooded a sudden R‡jv”Qvm flood, high tidal wave `ªæZ e‡q hvIqv swiftly, brushed away flake, flicker, ùzwjsM flash emwZ incomer, ¯vcbKvix immigrant cwiw¯wZ ev condition Ae¯v shortage, Afve/¯^íZv crisis

Safer

wbivc`

secured

which is safe

Straight Safe

‡mvRv, mij wbivc`

not in a curve. protected from any danger.

Sharp

Zx²

direct secured pointed, edged, poignant

Serious

fxlY

critical

Seminar

Av‡jvPbv I M‡elbvi Rb¨ †QvU K¬vk

thinking about things in a careful way.

round table

a small class for discussion and research

Sensibility

†evakw³

the power of feeling

U-9, L-1

intellingence, wiseness

Situation

Ae¯v, Ae¯vb

circumastance condition location

U-10, L-1

Several

¯^Zš¿, KZ¸wj

Stagger

Ujgj Kiv

Significant

Zvrch©c~Y©

Spectator

`k©K

Seem

†eva nIhv, cÖZxqgvb nIqv bvov †`qv

Swamp Surge U-7, L-2 U-7, L-2 U-7, L-3 U-7, L-4 U-7, L-5 U-8, L-3

U-9, L-1

U-10, L-4 U-11, L-1 U-11,

Swept over Spark Settlers Situation

Shake

water. an area that is very wet. to move quickly and with force in a particular direction. to clean a surface. a very small burning piece of material. person who goes to live in a new region. all things that are happening at a particular time. shortage sth.

having a fine edge or point.

sundry, divers, separate, various, different, some reel, stumble important, noteworthy viewer, observer, witness

Distinct, a few totter expressive an on-looker

appear, look

appear, have a show

shiver,

cause to tremble 

450

L-7 Section

AvB‡bi aviv

Scale

hvcbx

Shadow

Qvqv

Symbol

cÖZxK

U-14, L-1

Strategic

‡K․kjMZ we`¨v, †K․kj weÁvb

U-15, L-2

Socioeconomic

Av_© mvgvwRK

U-12, L-1

U-12, L-4

Survival U-13, L-3

Sanitation

‡eu‡P _vKv ev we`¨gvb _vKvi Ae¯v Rbmvavi‡Yi ¯^v¯¨ iÿvi we‡klZ `ÿ gj wb¯‥vk‡bi e¨e¯v|

tremble, vibrate part, slice, sector range, size, amount murky, gloomy, cloudy, shady, dark, sign, icon, mark, character

Self reliant

U-15, L-6

Several

U-15, L-2

Sustain

a‡i ivLv, mn¨ Kiv

U-16, L-2

Strength

kw³gËv, †ZR

U-16, L-6

Surpass

Qvwo‡q hvIqv

U-17,

Season

FZz, †g․myg

a rule A patch of shade of definite shape a representation

tactical

of or promoting strategy

related to society and its economy endurance, natural selection

comb. Form of society or sociology (and) (socioeconomic)

sanitization, sanitizing

AvZ¥cÖZ¨qkxj, autonomous, AvZ¥wbf©ikxj selfdependent wZb ev Z‡ZvwaK, eû respective, various bq Z‡e wKQy

U-14, L-3

a clause of law

carry on, maintain, prolong boldness, energy, force, might broad, large, extensive, widespread beat, exceed, excel, pass interval, 

surviving, relic sanitary conditions, maintenance etc. of these, disposal of sewage and refuse etc reliance on one’s own resources etc.; independence more than two but not many; a few support, bear the weight of, esp. for a long period. 2 encourage, support being strong

be greater or better than, outdo each of the climatic

451

L-2 U-17, L-2

Sincerely

AvšÍwiK, AKcUfv‡e

U-17, L-3

Sacrifíce

DrmM©, †Kvievwb

U-17, L-6

Speed

U-17, L-6

Simultaneous hyMcr

U-17, L-6

Succeed

U-17, L-7

Sensibility

Abyfe kw³, ms‡e`bkxjZv

U-18, L-1

Splendour

PgrKvwiZ¡, †M․ie

U-18, L-6

Subsequent

cieZ©x

U-19, L-3

Subsequent

c‡ii

System

e¨e¯v, MVb

Section

fvM, kvLv

Selection

wbe©vPb

satisfactory

m‡šÍvlRbK

Selfsufficient

¯^qs, m¤ú~Y©

Systematic

wbqg gvwdK

Seemingly

g‡b nIqv

Selection

wbe©vPb

U-20, L-2

L-20, a-3 U-20, L-4 U-20, L-8

`ªæZZv

mvdj¨gwÐZ

spell, while, period purely, frankly, directly, honestly surrender, loss, destruciion, offering fast, hasty, quick, hurried coincident, concomitant. concurrent, prosper, flourish, prevail, follow awareness, consciousness brilliance, display, parade after, later, ensuing, following, estimation, value following, later method, approach chapter, fragment preference suitable, acceptable self-reliant orderly, organised outwardly, apparently choice, preference 

divisions of the year, or suitable time in a sincere manner voluntary relinquishing of something valued rapidity of movement occurring or operating at the same time have success or be successful capacity to feel dazzling brightness; magnificence following, as a consequence following, esp. as a consequence. organized body of things. each of the parts of a thing selecting or being selected. adequate; giving satisfaction. able to supply one’s own needs; independent. according to a system. apparent but perhaps doubtful selecting or being selected.

452

Sort out

evQvB Kiv

select, identify

group of similar things etc.

U-21, L-2

Solidarity

mgZv

Strategy

‡K․kj

unity, harmony skill, tact

U-21, L-4

Sponsor

c„ô‡cvlb Kiv

support, pay for

Significant

¸iæZ¡c~Y©

important, major

Swept

fvwm‡q †bqv

washed away

unity, esp. political or in an industrial dispute. long-term plan or policy person who pledges money to a charity etc. in return for another person fulfilling a sporting etc. having a meaning; indicative. clean or clear (a room or area etc.) (as) with a broom.

Sustain

Pvwj‡q †bqv

Settlement

emwZ

Supplement

evov‡bv

U-23, L-2 U-23, L-3 U-24, L-4 U& L U-1, L-2 U-4, L-1 U-4, L-1

Word

A_©

Traditional

HwZn¨evnx

Trip

ågY

Temperature Temptation

maintain, continue habitation, community add, extra T Synonyms

support for a long period. settling or being settled, a place occupied by settlers. thing or part added to improve or provide further information. English Meaning

customary, common journey, excursion

excursion, esp. for pleasure.

ZvcgvÎv

heat

measured degree of heat,

greed

Trick

‡jvf AvZswKZ Kiv Qjbv

the act of tempting use threats to cause trouble, hurt deception

Toxic

welv³

Trapped

AvU‡K c‡owQj

U-7, L-1

Tidal

‡Rvqvi fvUv

U-8, L-3

Tolerance

mnbkxjZv

U-5, L-5 U-6, L-2 U-6, L-3

Threaten

worry artifice, cheat poisonous, deadly caught flowing and ebbing periodically patience, forbearance, ability to bear the impact of something 

being part of belief

containing poison situation from which it is hard to escape. the regular rise and fall of the sea. able to accept what other people say or do.

453

marvelous, wonderful, great conventional, customary, established, historic, timehonoured

Tremendous

we¯§qKi

Traditional

HwZn¨MZ

U-10, L-1

Telecast

U-11, L-1

†Uwjwfk‡b †h Abyôvb cÖPvi nq

Tool

hš¿

Tips

Bw½Z

Theatre

bvU¨kvjv

Traits

•ewkó¨

Temperate

bvwZkx‡Zvò

Till

ch©šÍ

turn over

to the time of

Theme

g~jfve

idea, topic, matter

a keynote

U-9, L-5

U-11, L-7

U-12, L-1 U-12, L-4

Topical

astounding being part of the beliefs or custom

broadcast, show, televise

television broad cast programme or item

instrument, utensil guidelines, instruction

an instrument used by workmen

playhouse mannerism, pecularity calm, controlled, moderate, restrained, disciplined, sober.

eZ©gvb cÖm½ relevant, ev welq newsworthy m¤^Üxq ïKbv L‡oi roofed QvDwb close. cyiæ, Nb fat, crowded, dense exempiary, ‣ewkómyPK lllustratíve, symbolical, close, ending cÖvwšÍK, Pig, mgvß conclusion, finishing

a hint a stage on which actors perform a distinguishing feature free from extremes of heat and cold

about a subject of current interest

U-13, L-3

Thatched

U-16, L-4

Thick

U-17, L-6

Typical

U-17, L-6

Terminal

U-21, L-3

Transmission cÖPvi

broadcasting, sending

transmitting or being transmitted.

U-23,

Testimony

proof,

witness's statement under

cÖgvb, mvÿ¨



of-covering of straw, reeds, etc of great or specified extent between opposite surfaces serving as a characteristic example of or forming a limit or terminus

454

L-1 U-23, L-2 U& L U-1, L-5 U-6, L-5 U-7, L-2 U-8, L-3

Turbulent

Aw¯wZkxj

Word

A_©

evidence

oath etc.

unstable, confused

varying irregularly.

U Synonyms

agreement, harmony, oneness need, Unnecessarily AcÖ‡qvRbxqiƒ‡c without pointlessly ill-fated, Unfortunate `yf©vM¨evb unlucky commonly, Usually mvaviYZ generally Unity

Urban

GKZv

bvMwiK/kû‡i

town

English Meaning being one; more than is needed having bad luck in the way that is usual or normal city, civic, town

U-9, L-1

Universal

me©Rbxb

U-9, l-3 U14, L-3 U15, L-6 U16, L-6

general, whole, total, comprehensive, boundless, general exhaustive, complete, worldwide,

Unusually

AmvaviY

oddly

uncommon

`~f©vM¨RbK, `ytLRbK, †kvPbxq fv‡jv ev mngwg©Zvi eÜ‡b HK¨e×

inauspicious, unfortunate person

unlucky. 2 unhappy

combined, concerted

Got together

from lower to higher

towards what is higher, more important, etc.

U17, L-4

Unfair

Ab¨vh¨

U18, L-1 U18, L-5

Universal

me©Rbxb

Utilïty

Dc‡hvwMZv

Unfortunate United Upward

E×©gyLx

astonishing, extraordinary biased, dishonest, foul Total, complete, entire advantage, avail, benefit, 

not fair, just, or impartial belonging to all; applicable to all cases usefulness, basic and standardized

455

U19, L-3 U20, L-3 U21, L-2 U24, L-4 U&L

Unique

GKgvÎ, AZzjbxq

only one, single

being the only one of its kind; having no like, equal, or parallel.

Unemployed

‡eKvi

jobless

out of work, not in use.

Universalised

globalised

applicable to all cases.

Unwelcome

AevwÂZ

unwanted

not welcome or acceptable.

Word

A_©

V Synonyms

English Meaning moisture, or other, substance diffused in one a thing that is used for transporting people or good

U-4, L-3 U-6, L-2

Vapour

ev¯ú

Vehicles

U-7, L-1

Velocity

U-7, L-4 U-9, L-3 U10, L-1 U12, L-1 U12, L-3 U12, L-4 U18, L-1 U19, L-3

trucks, hvbevnb¸‡jv bus, cars rapidly, MwZ, quickness MwZ‡eM rate.

Vast

wekvj

large, colossal

Violence

cÖPÛZv

brutality, hostility

Varied

wewea

diverse, various

various

Violation

j•Nb

abuse, contravention

transgression

Verse

KweZv

rhyme, stanza, canto

poetry

Vertical

Lvov

upright, perpendicular

perpendicular

Value

DcKvwiZv, g~j¨

worth, price, usefulness

worth as estimated

Vulnerable

ÿwZMÖ¯Í n‡Z cv‡i Ggb

susceptible

easily wounded or harmed.

U&L Word U-1, Wrap L-2 Waist

moist

the speed of sth in a particular area extremely large in areas size, amount etc. vehemence

W Synonyms covered, 

English Meaning envelop in folded part of the human body

456

U-1, L-5

below the ribs and above the hips

Welfare

Kj¨vY

prosperity, goodness

Worshipper

cyRvix

adoration

Wet

wfRv

Wit

eyw×

soaked, intelligence, wisdom

Widespread

e¨vcK

pervasive

existing over a large area

Worst

me‡P‡q Lvivc

the poorest quality.

Wide

PIov

U-10, L-4

Westernise

very bad, much bad broad, large, extensive, open

U-11, L-1

While

mgq, hLb

U-11, l-7

Windy

evqygq

U-12, L-3

Wisdom

weÁZv

U-12, L-4

Withstand

evav †`qv

U-14, L-1 U-14, L-3

Warfare

hy×, weMÖn

war

waging war, campaigning

Worth

we‡kl g~j¨ wewkó

deserving

special

U-14, L-3

Wide

cÖk¯Í, we¯ÍxY©

across-theboard, allembracing

having sides far apart, broad, not narrow

Widespread

eûwe¯Z…Z

far-flung

widely distributed

adjourn, back away disposed, eager, ready, prepared amazing, awful,

pull or take aside or back. 2 discontinue, cancel, retract

U-4, L-3 U-5, L-5 U-6, L-4 U-7, L-2 U-9, L-5

U-14, L-1 U-13, L-6 U-16, L-3 U-17, L-4

hvIqv, Withdraw m‡i Zz‡j †bIqv Willing

B”QyK

Wonderful

we¯§qKi

betterment A person who pay homage to a duty. covered with water knowledge;

broad introduce western civilization into

though, as, although, whereas stormy, turbulent learning, knowledge, reason, sense confront, thwart, oppose, face, resist, endure, tolerate, defy.



time, during the time consisting of mind knowledge gained from experience oppose

ready to consent or undertake very remarkable or admirable

457

U-17, L-7

Wreck

aŸsk, webvk

blast, break, ruin, upset

U-19, L-1

Wreaked

†f‡½ hvIqv

inflict, cause

U-20, L-4

Wage

gRyix

cost of labour

U-21, L-2

Widening

‡e‡o P‡j‡Q

expanding, broadening

greatly damaged building, thing, or person give play to (vengeance or one's anger etc.). 2 cause (damage etc.) fixed regular payment to an employee, esp. a manual worker. make or become wider.



Interchange of Textual Parts of Speech

464

Interchange of Textual Parts of Speech Unit-1, Lesson -1 Noun examination closure condition publication understanding problem experience festival visit worry confusion concentration imagination difficulty tiredness quietness safety loneliness envy necessity study movement feeling Noun tribe finance dweller introduction gain independence change tradition nation difference surprise brightness pride right

Verb examine close conditionalise publish understand problematize experience feast visit worry confuse concentrate imagine tire quieten save envy necessiate study move feel

Adjective examined closed conditional published understandable problematic experienced festive visiting worried confusing concentrated imaginary, imaginative difficult tired quiet safe lonely envious necessary studious moving

Unit-1, Lesson -2

Verb finance dwell introduce gain change traditionalise nationalise differentiate surprise brighten pride right

Adjective tribal financial dwelling introductory gainful independent changeable traditional national different surprising bright proud rightful 

Adverb closely conditionally understandably problematically festively worriedly confusingly concentratingly imaginatively tiredly quietly safely enviably necessarily studiously feelingly Adverb financially gainfully independently traditionally nationally differently surprisingly brightly proudly rightfully

465

Unit-1, Lesson -3 polygamy monogamy custom connection maintenance expense relation problem expectation

polygamous monogamous customise customary connect connective maintain maintained expend expensive relate relative problematic expect expectant Unit-1, Lesson -4

Noun reservation efficiency confidence celebration friendliness hatred

Verb reserve

Noun society disintegration intensification urbanisation psychology association segregation productivity responsibility contribution decline importance economy arrangement

Verb socialize disintegrate intensify urbanise psychologize associate segregate produce

Adjective social disintegrated intense urban psychological associated segregated productive responsible contribute contributory decline declining important economise economical Arrange arranged Unit-2, Lesson -1

Adverb socially

Noun confinement eligibility

Verb confine

Adverb

confide celebrate befriend hate

Adjective reserved efficient confident friendly hateful Unit-1, Lesson -5

Adjective confined eligible 

customarily maintainingly expensively relatively problematically expectantly Adverb efficiently confidently hatefully

intensely urbanely psychologically productively responsibly importantly economically

eligibly

466

appropriateness affection pollution awareness development

appropriate

Noun priority cook collection permission health illustration carefulness understanding

Verb prioritize cook collect permit

Adjective prior cooked collective permissible healthy illustrate illustrative care careful understand understandable Unit-2, Lesson -3

Adverb

Noun enrichment container formula

Verb enrich contain formulate

Adverb

Noun nurture burden invitation celebration eagerness allotment contraction forgetfulness

Verb nurture burden invite celebrate

Noun stroke wrong pardon catch sympathy

pollute beware develop

appropriate affectionate polluted aware developed Unit-2, Lesson -2

Adjective enriched containing

appropriately affectionately

collectively permissibly healthily understandably

Unit-2, Lesson -4 Adjective

inviting celebratory eager allot allotted contract contractible forget forgetful Unit-2, Lesson -5 Verb Adjective strike striking wrong wrong pardon pardonable catch catching sympathize sympathetic 

Adverb

eagerly forgetfully Adverb strikingly wrongly pardonably sympathetically

467

accuracy blame

blame

Noun pavement disappearance confusion organisation

Verb pave disappear confuse organise

Noun hastiness scarcity metaphor quietness colony travel

Verb haste

Noun attainment decay margin float

Verb attain decay margin float

Noun interaction exchange competence acquisition consciousness spontaneousness communication subconsciousness ability difference similarity awareness knowledge

Verb interact exchange compete acquire

quieten colonize travel

accurate blamed Unit-2, Lesson -6 Adjective

Adverb

confused organised Unit-2, Lesson -7

confusedly

Adjective hasty scarce metaphorical quiet colonial travelled Unit-2, Lesson -8

Adverb hastily scarcely metaphorically quietly colonially

Adjective attainable decayed marginal floating Unit-3, Lesson -1

Adverb

communicate enable differ similarise beware know

accurately blamelessly

Adjective interactive exchangeable competent acquisitive conscious spontaneous communicative subconscious able different similar aware knowing 

marginally

Adverb competently consciously spontaneously communicatively subconsciously ably differently similarly knowingly

468

encouragement reference involvement competence attainment

encourage refer involve compete attain

encouraging referable, referred involved competent attainable Unit-3, Lesson -2

encouragingly

Noun employee priority application office organization information vacancy energy advertisement belief training

Verb employ

Adjective employed prior applicable official organized informative vacant energetic advertised believable trained Unit-3, Lesson -3

Adverb

Noun effect memory experience certainty friend learning mistake ride laughing

Verb effect memorise experience

Noun variation tradition conversation difficulty importance study

Verb vary

apply officiate organize inform vacate energise advertise believe train

befriend learn mistake ride laugh

converse study

Adjective effective memorable experienced certain friendly learned mistaken laughable Unit-3, Lesson -4 Adjective various traditional conversational difficult important studious 

officially informatively vacantly energetically

Adverb effectively memorably certainly learnedly mistakenly laughably Adverb variously traditionally difficultly importantly studiously

469

learning tradition

learn learned traditionalize traditional Unit-3, Lesson -5

learnedly traditionallly

Noun perfection accuracy construction sufficiency application comparison

Verb perfect

Adjective perfect accurate construct constructive suffice sufficient apply applicable compare comparative Unit-3, Lesson -6

Adverb perfectly accurately constructively sufficiently

Noun integration relaxation help listener imagination

Verb integrate relax help listen imagine

Adverb integrally

Noun penalty literature silence indication possession breath

Verb penalize

Noun emphasis crowd performance entertainment emergency conduct unity recreation

Verb emphasize crowd perform entertain emerge conduct unite recreate

indicate possess breathe

Adjective integral relaxed helpful imaginative Unit-3, Lesson -7 Adjective penal literary silent indicative possessive Unit-4, Lesson -1 Adjective emphatic crowded performed entertaining emergent conductive united recreational Unit-4, Lesson -2 

comparatively

helpfully imaginatively Adverb penally silently possessively Adverb emphatically

unitedly recreationally

470

Noun ecology decoration flexibility orient extinction recreation geometry habitation remoteness imitation

Verb

Adjective ecological decorate decorative flexible orientalise oriental extinct recreate recreational geometrical habitate habitable remote imitate imitative Unit-4, Lesson -3

Adverb ecologically decoratively flexibly orientally

Noun composition automation factor straightness profession perfection introduction

Verb compose automate factorise straighten profess perfect introduce

Adverb

Noun aristocrat fondness appearance origin enhancement allowance

Verb

Noun nestling abruptness invasion mystery narration quotation elevation

Verb nestle

appear originate enhance allow

invade narrate quote elevate

Adjective composed automatic

recreationally geometrically remotely

automatically

straight professional perfect introductory Unit-4, Lesson -4

straightly professionally perfectly

Adjective aristocratic fond

Adverb aristocratically fondly

original enhance allowable Unit-4, Lesson -5

originally

Adjective

Adverb

abrupt invasive mysterious narrative quotable elevated

abruptly



mysteriously

471

Unit-5, Lesson -1 Noun liveliness punctuality patience preference pride pleasure

Verb enliven

Adjective lively punctual patient preferable proud pleasing Unit-5, Lesson -2

Adverb

Noun loneliness nerve courage cowardice impatience resolution debate

Verb

Adjective lonely nerve nervous encourage courageous cowardly impatient resolute debate debatable Unit-5, Lesson -3

Adverb

Noun possession drive urge trick

Verb possess drive urge trick

Adverb possessively

Noun compromise stubborness flexibility appointment relaxation provision tiredness

Verb compromise

Noun aggression hostility

Verb

prefer pride please

appoint relax provide tire

Adjective possessive

punctually patiently preferably pride pleasingly

nervously courageously impatiently resolutely

tricky Unit-5, Lesson -4 Adjective compromising stubborn flexible appointed relaxed provisional tired Unit-5, Lesson -5 Adjective aggressive hostile 

Adverb flexibly provisionally tiredlessly Adverb aggressively hostilely

472

wit amusement temptation quarrel assertion foolishness threat

amuse tempt quarrel assert befool threaten

witty amusing tempting quarrelsome assertive foolish threatening Unit-5, Lesson -6

wittily amusingly temptingly assertively foolishly threateningly

Noun gratitude courtesy instinct comprehension gravity courage independence

Verb

Adjective grateful court courteous instinctive comprehend comprehensively grave encourage courageous independent Unit-6, Lesson -1

Adverb gratefully courteously instinctively comprehensively gravely courageously independently

Noun danger disaster destruction environment humanity change disturbance

Verb endanger

Adjective dangerous disastrous destroy destructive environmental humanize Human/humane change changeable disturb disturbing Unit-6, Lesson -2

Adverb dangerously disastrously destructively environmentally humanly

Noun refuse refusal emission disposal

Verb refuse

Adverb

Noun pollutant climatologist catastrophe exemplification

Verb pollute

emit dispose

exemplify

Adjective refused

Unit-6, Lesson -3 Adjective polluted climate catastrophic exemplary 

Adverb catastrophically

473

trap fossil coast alarm significance evidence prediction severeness

trap fossilise

Noun extinction habitat sterility decline cruelty surface

Verb

Noun aggression odour respiration indiscrimination determination

Verb

Adjective aggressive odorous respire respiratory indiscriminate determine determined Unit-6, Lesson -6

Adverb aggressively

Noun deforestation cure mention

Verb deforest cure mention

Adverb

Noun recycle refabrication option seriousness reduction

Verb recycle refabricate opt

Noun

Verb

alarm signify predict

sterilize decline surface

reduce

trapped coastal alarming significant evident predictive severe Unit-6, Lesson -4

significantly evidently severely

Adjective extinct habitable sterile

Adverb

cruel

cruelly

Unit-6, Lesson -5

Adjective

indiscriminately

curable mentioned Unit-6, Lesson -7 Adjective recyclable refabricated optional serious reduced Unit-7, Lesson -1

Adverb

Adjective

Adverb



optionally seriously

474

coast injury

injure

coastal injured injurious

injuriously

Adjective

Adverb

rehabilitation

rehabilitate Unit-7, Lesson -2

Noun settler malice horizon

Verb settle

Noun caution phenomenon irrigation attribution cultivation

Verb caution

erosion devastation

erode devastate

erosive devastating Unit-7, Lesson -5

Noun association quake mandatoriness

Verb associate quake

Adjective associated

Noun ambition play

Verb

Noun damage situation wound infection instruction

Verb damage situate wound infect instruct

irrigate attribute cultivate

play

malicious horizontal Unit-7, Lesson -3 Adjective cautious phenomenal

maliciously horizontally Adverb cautiously phenomenally

attributable cultivable Unit-7, Lesson -4 devastatingly Adverb

mandatory Unit-7, Lesson -6 Adjective ambitious

Adverb ambitiously

Unit-8, Lesson -1 Adjective damaged situated wounded infected instructive 

Adverb situationally instructively

475

occurrence

occur

Noun reliance shortage resource cope

Verb rely shorten

Noun vibration increase occupation limit

Verb vibrate increase occupy limit

Noun disgust civilization drag craziness

Verb disgust

Noun noise cook frequency gossip compulsion anoyance sympathy tolerance hostility

Verb

Noun mildness dignity disaster safety

Verb

cope

drag

cook frequent gossip compel annoy sympathise tolerate

dignify save

Unit-8, Lesson -2 Adjective reliable short resourceful

Adverb reliably shortly resourcefully

Unit-8, Lesson -3 Adjective increasing occupational limitless Unit-8, Lesson -4 Adjective disgusting civilized crazy Unit-8, Lesson -5 Adjective noisy cooked frequent compelled annoyed sympathetic tolerable hostile Unit-8, Lesson -6 Adjective mild dignified disastrous safe 

Adverb increasingly occupationally

Adverb disgustingly crazily Adverb noisily frequently

sympathetically tolerably

Adverb mildly disastrously safely

476

convention pluck enforcement vigilance

conventional plucky enforceable vigilant

pluck enforce

Noun smell cooker approach

Unit-8, Lesson -7 Verb Adjective smell smelly cook cooked approach approachable Unit-9, Lesson -1

conventionally pluckily vigilantly Adverb

Noun intellectual influence sensibility institution opportunity formality capacity removal universality force promotion liberation catalyst

Verb

Adjective intellectual influence influential sense sensible institutionlise institutional opportune formal capable remove removable universalize universal force forceful promote promoted liberate liberal catalystic Unit-9, Lesson -2

Adverb intellectually influentially sensibly institutionally

Noun option architecture expectation discipline journalist

Verb opt

Adjective optional architectural expect expected discipline disciplined journalistic Unit-9, Lesson -3

Adverb optionally architecturally expectedly

Noun closure requisition poverty

Verb close require impoverish

Adverb closely

Adjective closed requisite poor 

formally universally forcefully liberally

poorly

477

finance institution

finance financial institutionalize institutional Unit-9, Lesson -4

financially institutionally

Noun graduate academy admission argument

Verb graduate

Adjective

Adverb

academic

academically

Noun expansion duplicate attention grant

Verb expand duplicate attend grant

Noun company requirement expense desire qualification submission specification

Verb Adjective accompany require requisite expend expensive desire desirous qualify qualified submit submissive specify specific Unit-9, Lesson -7

Adverb

Noun adventure sorrow struggle mystery nature acceptance tragedy dare

Verb adventure sorrow struggle

Adjective adventurous sorrowful struggling mysterious naturalise natural accept acceptable tragic dare daring Unit-9, Lesson -8

Adverb adventurously sorrowfully

Noun survival

Verb survive

Adverb

admit argue

argumentative Unit-9, Lesson -5

argumentatively

Adjective expansive

Adverb expansively

attentive granted Unit-9, Lesson -6

attentively

Adjective surviving 

expensively desirously submissively specifically

mysteriously naturally tragically daringly

478

possibility shelter statistics

shelter

possible

possibly

statistical Unit-10, Lesson -1

statistically

Adjective common addicted tasty wide varied assaultive Unit-10, Lesson -2

Adverb commonly

Noun common addiction taste width variation assault

Verb

Noun explanation correspondent disapproval

Verb Adjective explain explainable correspond correspondent disapprove disapproving Unit-10, Lesson -3

Adverb

Noun craze importance disruption

Verb

Adjective crazy important disruptive Unit-10, Lesson -4

Adverb crazily

Noun instrument significance existence appeal

Verb

Adjective instrumental significant existent appealing Unit-10, Lesson -5

Adverb instrumentally significantly

Noun music trouble

Verb

Adjective musical troubled Unit-11, Lesson -1

Adverb musically

Noun repetition

Verb repeat

Adjective repeated

Adverb repeatedly

addict taste widen vary assault

disrupt

signify exist appeal

trouble



tastefully widely

disruptively

479

individual entirety conversation

individualize

individual entire converse conversational Unit-11, Lesson -2

individually entirely

Noun distinction occasion tradition

Verb

Adjective distinctive occasion occasional traditional Unit-11, Lesson -3

Adverb distinctively occasionally traditionally

Noun interest culture habit

Verb interest

Adjective interesting cultural habituate habitual Unit-11, Lesson -4

Adverb interestingly culturally habitually

Noun reservation biology preparation

Verb reserve

Adverb

Noun submission competency service overcharge

Verb Adjective submit submissive compete competent serve serving overcharge overcharged Unit-11, Lesson -6

Adverb submissively competently

Noun disobedience hospitality appearance

Verb disobey

Adjective disobedient hospitable appeared Unit-11, Lesson -7

Adverb disobediently hospitably

Noun restrain interpretation appreciation

Verb restrain interprete appreciate

Adjective restrained interpretable appreciative Unit-11, Lesson -8

Adverb

prepare

appear

Adjective reserved biological prepared Unit-11, Lesson -5



biologically

480

Noun apology appointment intimacy

Verb apologise appoint

Adjective apologitic appointed intimate Unit-11, Lesson -9

Adverb apologically

Noun reluctance celebration continent elaboration

Verb

Adjective reluctant celebrate celebrated continental elaborate elaborate Unit-12, Lesson -1

Adverb reluctantly

Noun attainment protest violation prevention agitation

Verb attain protest violate prevent agitate

Adverb

Noun desolation creation

Verb

Noun impression arrival description opposition treatment initiative

Verb impress arrive describe oppose treat initiate

Noun identity nationality tropic horizon

Verb identify nationalize

create

Adjective attainable

intimately

elaborately

violable preventive agitating Unit-12, Lesson -2 Adjective desolate creative Unit-12, Lesson -3

Adverb

Adjective impressive

Adverb impressively

descriptive opposite

opposite

initial Unit-12, Lesson -4 Adjective indentified national tropical horizontal 

initially Adverb nationally tropically horizontally

481

revolt investigation

revolt revolting investigate investigative Unit-12, Lesson -5

Noun civilisation instrument

Verb civilise

Adjective civilized instrumental Unit-12, Lesson -6

Noun origin conversion education facility

Verb originate convert educate facilitate

Adjective original convertible educated

Noun deprivation dignity survival

Verb deprive dignify survive

Adjective deprived dignified surviving Unit-13, Lesson -2

Adverb

Noun illustration interpretation maltreatment abandonment nutrition

Verb illustrate interpret maltreat abandon

Adjective illustrious

Adverb

Noun retirement population benefit economy

Verb Adjective retire retired populate populous benefit beneficial economize economical Unit-13, Lesson -4

detention confession adoption form

detain confess adopt form

investigatively Adverb civilizedly instrumentally Adverb originally

Unit-13, Lesson -1

maltreated abandoned nutritious Unit-13, Lesson -3

detained confessional adopted formed Unit-13, Lesson -5 

nutritiously Adverb

economically

482

Noun adequacy victim addition

Adjective adequate victimise victimised add additional Unit-13, Lesson -6 Verb Adjective reside residential naturalise natural oblige obligatory acquire acquired Unit-13, Lesson -7

Adverb adequately

Noun relevance negligence excitement surprise attendant

Verb

Adverb relevantly neglectfully excitedly surprisingly

Noun philosopher institutionalization acquirement

Verb Adjective philosophise philosophical institutionalize institutionalized acquire acquired Unit-14, Lesson -2

Adverb philosophically

Noun ornament perfection generation solitude

Verb

Adjective ornamental perfect perfect generate generative solitary Unit-14, Lesson -3

Adverb

Noun conspicuousness persecution inscription

Verb

Adverb conspicuously

Noun

Verb

Noun resident naturalisation obligation acquisition

Verb

neglect excite surprise attend

persecute inscribe

Adjective relevant neglectful excited surprised

Adverb naturally

Unit-14, Lesson -1

Adjective conspicuous persecuted

perfectly

Unit-14, Lesson -4 Adjective 

Adverb

483

integration potential approach

integrate

integrated potential approach approachable Unit-14, Lesson -5

integratedly potentially

Noun involvement elimination reduction production

Verb involve eliminate reduce produce

Adverb

Noun nutrition disbursement responsibility

Verb disburse

Adjective involved eliminable reducible productive Unit-15, Lesson -1

productively

Adjective nutritional

Adverb nutritionally

responsible

responsibly

Unit-15, Lesson -2 Noun attribution sanitation illiteracy

Verb attribute

Adjective attributive sanitary illiterate Unit-15, Lesson -3

Adverb attributively

Noun innovation process

Verb innovate process

Adjective innovative processing Unit-15, Lesson -4

Adverb

Noun contradiction reduction elimination

Verb contradict reduce eliminate

Noun predetermination generation

Verb Adjective predetermine predetermined generate generative Unit-15, Lesson -6

Adverb

Noun composition

Verb compose

Adverb

Adjective contradictory reducible

Adverb

Unit-15, Lesson -5

Adjective composed 

484

origin promotion

originate promote

original promoted Unit-16, Lesson -1

Noun architecture storey wonder inauguration

Verb

Adjective architectural storeyed wonder wonderful inaugurate inaugural Unit-16, Lesson -2

Adverb architecturally

Noun triumph facility skill connection width strength

Verb triumph facilitate

Adverb triumphantly

skilled connect connective widen wide strengthen strong Unit-16, Lesson -3

skillfully

Noun extension beauty

Verb extend beautify

Adjective extensive beautiful Unit-16, Lesson -4

Adverb extensively beautifully

Noun defence purpose modification agitation

Verb defend purpose modify agitate

Adjective defensive purposive modified agitating Unit-16, Lesson -5

Adverb defensively purposefully

Noun migration obstacle

Verb migrate obstacle

Adjective migratory

Noun symbol expansion

Verb symbolize expand

Adjective triumphant

originally

wonderfully

widely stongly

Adverb

Unit-16, Lesson -6 Adjective symbolic expansive 

Adverb symbolically expansively

485

inclusion

include

inclusive Unit-16, Lesson -7

Noun installation addition

Verb install add

Adjective

Noun fascination assessment

Verb fascinate assess

additional Unit-17, Lesson -1 Adjective fascinating

inclusively Adverb additionally Adverb

Unit-17, Lesson -2 Noun

Verb

Adjective

relation consideration

Adverb

relative consider

considerate

considerately

Unit-17, Lesson -3 Noun fascination

Verb fascinate

Adjective fascinating

Adverb fascinatingly

Unit-17, Lesson -4 Noun attachment promise apology

Verb attach promise apologise

Adjective attached promissory apologetic Unit-17, Lesson -5

Noun exchange correspondence handle application

Verb Adjective exchange exchangeable correspond correspondent handle handled apply applicable Unit-17, Lesson -6

Adverb

Noun revolution efficiency alternative

Verb revolutionize

Adverb

Adjective revolutionary efficient alternative Unit-17, Lesson -6 

Adverb apologetially

efficiently alternatively

486

Noun volition remains

Verb

Noun nomination convention universality erosion

Verb nominate convene universalize erode

remain

Adjective volitional remaining Unit-18, Lesson -1 Adjective nominated conventional universal erosive

Adverb

Adverb universally

Unit-18, Lesson -2 Noun ruin monument perfection

Verb ruin

Noun adaptation representation achievement

Verb adapt represent achieve

Noun fortification recommendation

Verb Adjective fortify fortified recommend recommendable Unit-18, Lesson -5

Adverb

Noun testimony designation exception

Verb testify designate except

Adjective

Adverb

designated exceptional

exceptionally

perfect

Adjective monumental perfect Unit-18, Lesson -3 Adjective adaptable representative achievable Unit-18, Lesson -4

Adverb perfectly Adverb

Unit-19, Lesson -1 Noun pollution

Verb pollute

Adjective polluted Unit-19, Lesson -2 

Adverb

487

Noun digestion disorder

Verb digest

Adjective digestive disorderly Unit-19, Lesson -3

Adverb

Noun vulnerability inter-generation

Verb

Adjective vulnerable inter-generational Unit-19, Lesson -4

Adverb vulnerably inter-genertionally

Noun temptation abode

Verb tempt abide

Adjective tempting abiding Unit-19, Lesson -5

Adverb

Noun opportunities statistics realization

Verb

Adjective opportune statistical

Adverb

Noun justice commitment declaration disability

Verb justify commit declare disable

Adjective just committed declared disabled Unit-20, Lesson -1

Adverb justly

Noun vendor

Verb vend

Adjective vending Unit-20, Lesson -2

Adverb

Noun acclamation institution emphasis reduction

Verb Adjective acclaim acclaimed institutionalize institutional emphasise emphatic reduce reduced Unit-20, Lesson -3

Adverb

Noun affluence

Verb attain

Adverb affluently

realise

statistically

Unit-19, Lesson -6

Adjective affluent 

institutionally emphatically

488

impoverishment fortune prosperity

impoverish

Noun irony struggle livelihood

Verb

Noun exposure command

Verb expose command

prosper

struggle live

impoverished fortunate prosperous Unit-20, Lesson -4 Adjective ironical struggling alive Unit-20, Lesson -5 Adjective exposed commanding

fortunately prosperously Adverb ironically

Adverb

Unit-20, Lesson -6 Noun submission response attachment

Verb submit respond attach

Adjective submissive responsive attached Unit-20, Lesson -7

Adverb submissively responsively

Noun predictor confidence elaboration

Verb predict confide elaborate

Adjective predictable confident elaborate Unit-21, Lesson -1

Adverb

Noun rejection derivation rapidity

Verb reject derive

Adjective rejected derivative rapid Unit-21, Lesson -2

Adverb

Noun consolidation impoverishment pavement advantage

Verb consolidate impoverish pave

Adjective consolidated impoverished advantageous 

confidently elaborately

rapidly Adverb

489

Unit-21, Lesson -3 Noun automation revolution breath

Verb Adjective automate automatic revolutionize revolutionary breathe breathtaking Unit-21, Lesson -4

Adverb

Noun coverage acquaintance prejudice mutuality

Verb cover acquaint prejudice

Adverb

Noun intruder identity identification

Verb intrude identify

Noun achievement pronunciation

Verb achieve pronounce

Noun disappearance presence reaction

Verb disappear present react

Noun evidence revelation

Verb

Noun gravity explosion expense

Verb gravitate explode expend

Adjective

breathtakingly

acquainted mutual Unit-21, Lesson -5 Adjective intrusive

mutually Adverb

Unit-21, Lesson -6

reveal

Adjective achievable

Adverb

Unit-22, Lesson -1 Adjective

Adverb

present reactionary Unit-22, Lesson -2

presently

Adjective evident

Adverb evidently

Unit-22, Lesson -3 Adjective explosive expensive Unit-22, Lesson -4 

Adverb ecplosively expensively

490

Noun decrease adjustment

Verb decrease adjust

Noun rotation navigation entirety

Verb rotate navigate

Noun happening interruption relief

Verb happen interrupt relieve

Noun enrichment reunification collapse

Verb enrich reunify collapse

Noun oppression malnourishment raise

Verb oppress raise

Adjective

Adverb

adjustable Unit-22, Lesson -5 Adjective

Adverb

navigable entire Unit-22, Lesson -6

entriely

Adjective

Adverb

interruptive Unit-23, Lesson -1 Adjective enriched

Adverb

Unit-23, Lesson -2 Adjective oppressive malnourished raised

Adverb oppressively

Unit-23, Lesson -3 Noun erosion fragment productivity

Verb erode fragment produce

Adjective erosive fragmented productive

Adverb productively

Unit-23, Lesson -4 Noun catastrophe recklessness

Verb

Adjective catastrophic reckless 

Adverb catastrophically recklessly

491

Unit-23, Lesson -5 Noun crash spine discovery

Verb crash

Noun transformation inspiration fulfillment

Verb transform inspire fulfill

Noun co-existence intolerance luxury

Verb co-exist

Adjective co-existent intolerable luxurious Unit-24, Lesson -1

Adverb

Noun consideration condition

Verb consider

Adjective considerate conditional Unit-24, Lesson -2

Adverb

Noun arithmetic devotion criticism project

Verb

Adjective arithmetical devoted critical projected Unit-24, Lesson -3

Adverb arithmetically devotedly critically

civilian malnutrition privilege Noun discrimination concern inferiority

discover

devoted criticise project

Adjective

Adverb

spinal discoverable Unit-23, Lesson -6 Adjective transformative inspiring

Adverb

Unit-23, Lesson -7

intolerably luxuriously

conditionally

civil malnutritional privileged Unit-24, Lesson -4 Verb discriminate concern

Adjective discriminatory concerned inferior 

Adverb discriminatingly

492

Unit-24, Lesson 5-7 Noun revenge prohibition bribe survival

Verb revenge prohibit bribe survive

Adjective revengeful prohibited surviving



Adverb revengefully

Paragraph Writing

01. Drug Addiction (a) What is addiction? (b) What is dug addiction? (c) Why is it taken? (d) Who are mostly affected by it? (e) What is the result of taking drug? (f) How can we remove this social curse from our society?

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Addiction means strong attraction for any harmful thing. Drug addiction means taking heroine, opium, marijuana, morphine, cocaine, phensidyl etc. These drugs are taken for intoxicating and stimulating effects. The frequent taking of these drugs leads a man to death. It is a curse of modern civilization. It is not only a national but also a global problem. There are so many reasons for which people take drugs. Frustration is the main cause of taking drugs. When there is no hope left for the young people, they addict to drugs. It may also come from the lack of love of parents. Drugs have a terrible effect on human body. People feel drowsy and lose appetite. It may damage the brain and internal function of the body. The addicts feel intensive pain in the body. The treatment of drug addicts is expensive and difficult. In Bangladesh the drug problem has become so acute that thousands of families in cities, and even in rural areas are directly or indirectly affected by it. Recently Bangladesh is used by the international drug smugglers as a transit of transmission from one country to another. To remove this dangerous problem from the country all concerned must create awareness. Parents must be careful. The law must be enforced. Thus, if each and every person is sincere to drive his curse, the human being ill get id of this harmful thing. 02. Stephen Hawking (a) Who is Stephen Hawking? (b) When was he born? (c) What was his profession? (d) Why did he get award? (e) How many books did he write? Stephen Hawking, a successful scientist of versatile genius is considered as the greatest physicist after Einstein. He was born in 1942 in an educated family. He joined Cambridge University as a professor of Mathematics in 1979. He got Albert Einstein award in 1974 for theoretical physics Hawking was a great genius from his boyhood. The proof of his genius is found in getting PhD degree in cosmology from Cambridge University only at the age of 26. He has written some books. The book for which he is more famous and popular is ‘A brief history of time: from the big bang to the present time’. He wanted to contribute so much to the building of the present world but fate compelled him to confine his name and fame to wheel chair only at the age of thirty. He was paralysed with Gehrig’s disease. Since then he loses his control over his body. He can use only his head and hands. But this hindrance cannot prevent his adventure. Despite having such tremendous physical handicap he continues delivering his teaching and research work through a computer with a voice synthesizer that converts his message into sounds. Hawking is now a model for the disabled people. He shows that nothing can stop one’s career if he has strong will power. 03. Cultural Assault (a) What is culture? (b) How is a culture formed? (c) What do you mean by cultural assault? (d) How is Bangladeshi culture affected by foreign culture? (e) How should we retain Bangladeshi culture? Culture is the way through which people lead their life. It is the complete picture of a society, nation and a country. A culture is formed with beliefs, values, customs, 

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conventions, occupation, lands, language, music and art. It is a way how people of a nation feel it. Every nation has a culture of its own. As we are an independent nation, we have our own culture and tradition. We have a particular pattern of talking, dressing, playing, eating and moving. We should always try to follow it because it is a part and parcel of a culture. We are on the way of losing our culture. Our culture is mixing with the foreign culture losing our own distinctive identity. Cultural assault is the mixture of foreign culture with our native culture. In this age of globalization we are unable to control this aggression. Taking the help of hi-tech technology and information other culture is easily able to influence our culture. Young generation is changing their dress pattern, mode of expression, food habits, attitudes, norms and forms. So we should be much more careful of our culture, otherwise we will fail to retain our culture. We will have to practise our culture in spite of having all bar and obstacles. As culture is our valuable asset, we have to retain them by practicing it. 04. A Birthday Party (a) What do you mean by a birthday party? (b) How is the party celebrated? (c) When is your birthday? (d) How did you enjoy your birthday last year? (e) What did you get as gift on the day? The day on which a man is born is called birthday and it is the most important day in his life. That is why a man cannot forget this day and throughout his life he celebrates this day. A birthday party is generally held in the drawing room of a house. On a coloured paper "Happy Birthday" is written down for whom it is being celebrated. Candles are lighted depending on the age of the person. The birthday cake is the central attraction of a birthday party. Various snacks are served on a birthday party. Generally a birthday party is given in the afternoon in a homely atmosphere. So it is very enjoyable. I was born on the 4th November 1977. So, on this day we arranged a birthday party last year. My parents invited our kith and kin. Our house was decorated with coloured papers and birthday balloons. The party started at 6.00 pm. The guests started to come at 4.00 pm. Some of my best friends also attended the party. All of them prayed for my bright future. My joys knew no bound when I saw them in the party. I cut my cake. After having some delicious foods, we gossiped in my bed room. In our ecstasy we sang and danced. I got a lot of presents on the occasion. My friends presented me some books of Tagore who is my favourite poet. Finally, my father thanked every body for attending the party. And the party came to an end at about 9.30 pm. 05. Women in Development (a) How do we consider the women of our country? (b) How have women proved their ability in different jobs? (c) In which sector do the women work mainly? (d) How can we engage the women in the development of the country? (e) In rural areas how are the women treated? There was a time when women were confined within the four walls of their husband's or father's house. But at present women are taking part in the development program of any country. Our national poet Kazi Nazrul Islam praises women for their 

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participation in progression of the world. He says that what is good, great and prosperous for a country is done half by men and half by women. In fact the contribution of women in every sphere cannot be denied. In Bangladesh, once upon a time women were looked down upon. It was thought that women are born to look after children, to cook food and to do household works. In the rustic areas, women were not allowed to go to schools or colleges. But with the progression of science people's views are also changed. They are now able to realize that women can also take part in development. They have proved their ability. Sometimes they do better than men. Moreover, it is seen that they are more sincere than men. Even now-a-days, they have the ability to be a chief of the country. In our country both the prime Minister and the leader of the opposition party are women. And thousands of women are engaged in many important official jobs. So women should not be looked down upon. They should be encouraged so that they can take part in total development of the family as well as the country. In education, science, medical science, social welfare and politics, the presence of women is resounding in our motherland. They are the potential builders of our country. Last of all it is right to say that women are contributing to the development of our country. 06. A Mobile Phone (a) What is a mobile phone? (b) How has science changed our life? (c) Which mobile companies are remarkable in Bangladesh? (d) For whom are mobile phones necessary? (e) How can the criminals use the mobile phone? The mobile phone is one of the latest editions of modern communication technology. It is handy and portable as the term 'mobile' signifies. It is a small telephone that can be carried in a hand or pocket. The effective speaking range of man is only a few yards. But with the help of mobile phone he has increased the range to hundreds of miles. Is it not a miracle that a man walking along a street or riding on a vehicle can speak to his friends or relatives hundreds of miles away? A man traveling a distant part of the land is talking to his friends or relatives at home. And all these are done at a nominal cost. There are many mobile companies in our country. The Grameen, Robi, Bangla Link, Tele Talk, Airtel and City Cell are remarkable. These companies are providing the service to the customers, but their cost is not still at the range of the common people. In comparison with other countries, we see that they are very much expensive. A lot of world class companies are now manufacturing mobile sets. A mobile phone is very useful to important persons such as politicians, artists, doctors, businessmen and high officials. But like all other gifts of science it is not an unmixed blessing. The mobile phone is a useful instrument and it can be used by both good and bad people. The police can use it in maintaining law and order and detecting the criminals and the criminals can make use of it in committing crimes. 07. A Visit to a Computer Fair (a) What is a computer fair? (b) Did you enjoy any computer fair? c) How did you go there? (d) When did you go there? (e) Who adorned the fair? 

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A computer fair is such an exhibition of computers where computers are not only exhibited but also sold. People get some commission or special offer in such computer fairs. To make it more popular computer fairs are very often held in important places of the country. Last year such a fair was held at Sher-e-Bangla Nagar in the city of Dhaka. It was Friday. The day was a holiday. I woke up early in the morning. I had my bath quickly and had my breakfast also. My mother asked me why I was in such a hurry. I told her to be ready soon. She wanted to know where we would go. This time I could not but tell her my intention. I told her that we would go to visit the computer fair which was going on at Sher-e-Bangla Nagar. We started for the fair at about 8 am from our home. We decided to go on foot and not by any vehicle. She agreed. We walked on and on along the Mirpur Road. By this time buses, rickshaws and pushcarts had already started plying. However, we went on talking to each other very joyfully and reached the fair at about 10 am. The area of the fair was really a big one. Numerous shops and stalls filled with computers were set up. Some Japanese, Korean, Chinese and some other foreign countries adorned the fair with their respective computers and related materials. We went round the fair for about four hours. We experienced many things. We bought a full set of computer and returned home by an auto rickshaw at about 4.30p.m. 08. Grameen Bank (a) What is a bank? (b) What is the Grameen Bank? (c) Who is the founder of the bank? (d) How many members are there in Grameen Bank? (e) How can a person get loan from the bank? A bank is a commercial institution for deposition, lending and transaction of money. Grameen means pertaining to the villagers or rural areas. Grameen Bank is the financial institution that works for the landless and helpless rural people of Bangladesh. This conception was introduced by Nobel Laureate Professor Muhammad Yunus, former Professor of Economics at Chittagong University in 1976. Grameen Bank has been instrumental by offering loans to millions of poor Bangladeshis many of whom are women. They get loans without any financial security. "Lasting peace cannot be achieved unless large population groups find ways in which to break out poverty" is the main principle of Grameen bank. He understood that the country could never prosper without improving the lot of the rural people who form the vast majority of our population. So he came up with the idea micro credit and established Grameen Bank. At present Grameen Bank is serving the rural unmoneyed people with her 2211 branches covering 70,370 villages and 6.5 million people. Only the poor and landless people are eligible for getting loans from the bank. There are some procedures of getting the loan. Before getting the loan, people have to make 5-6 groups of workers each having five members. The members should be disciplined. Basically the group chairperson is responsible for disciplinary activities. The borrowers are given advice to make the best use of the money which they get as loan. People can repay the interest and the borrowed money from their profits. This bank has brought a revolutionary change in our rural economy. Grameen Bank thus helped the poor people become self-sufficient. In the recent past Micro-credit Guru Professor Mohammad Yunus and his Grameen Bank jointly won the Nobel peace 

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Prize-2006 and thus made the nation proud. So, Grameen Bank is a unique idea of lending small sums to the landless and helpless. 09. A Study Tour (a) Why is a study tour necessary? (b) Did you enjoy any study tour? (c) Where did you visit? (d) How many days did you enjoy? (e) Which place impressed you most? Study tours are very educative and instructive. From a study tour we can gather new experience, knowledge and wisdom. Today I am going to write about a study tour that I enjoyed. In my college life, I got an opportunity to visit the Dhaka city with my friends and teachers. From my very boyhood, I felt a strong attraction for Dhaka and I had strange fancies about the name of Dhaka. But Dhaka remained an imaginary place to me so long because I could not see it with my own eyes. On the fixed day, we started for Dhaka by a microbus with my friends and teachers. Our journey was for three days. During our short stay in Dhaka, we moved from place lo place. When we passed through Nawabpur Road, we were struck with the dazzling sight of the big shops. We went to Gulistan, the D.I.T. Avenue and Motijheel Commercial Area. The wide and spacious National Stadium, the Baitul Mokarram Mosque, the tall and big buildings of Motijheel Commercial Area, the GPO and the Bangabhaban all impressed me very much. But Rarnna, the New Market, the Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, the latest extension of Dhaka and Tejgaon Industrial Area presented a different sight altogether. Everything about them is new and modern. The medical college , the university, Salimullah Muslim Hall, the High Court, the Engineering Institute, the Secretariat, Hotel Sheration and Sonargaon are all designed according to modern taste. I also went to Zia International Airport and saw planes taking off and coming down. This study tour was a great interest for me. I widened my knowledge and experience by the tour. So the memory is rooted in my heart for ever. 10. International Mother Language Day (a) What do you mean by International Mother Language Day? (b) When was it declared as an International Mother Language Day? (c) Who got martyrdom for Bangla as mother language? (d) How many countries are enjoying it as an International Mother Language Day? (e) What did Pakistani rulers do? Mother Language is a heavenly gift and blessing to the people of any nation in the world."International Mother Language Day" is a glorious and unforgettable Language Martyrs Day which is observed around the world nowadays. On 17th November 1999, UNESCO's declaration of 21st February as the International Mother Language Day has brought additional glory and prestige to Bangladesh. It is a great achievement for Bangladesh. In August 1947, a new state called Pakistan emerged on the world map. Bangladesh had a highly developed culture that was little in common with the culture of the people of the western part of Pakistan. But in 1952 the neocolonial, power hungry, arrogant rulers of Pakistan declared that ‘Urdu’ would be the state language of Pakistan. This declaration disheartened the Bangalee greatly. The people of East 

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Pakistan whose mother tongue is Bangla, rose in anger to protest the vicious undemocratic decisions of the government. The Pakistani ruler wanted to choke the protests by brute force. As a result, Rafik, Salam, Jabber, Barkat embraced death. As the news of those deaths spread, all the people of the eastern part felt greatly involved emotionally. 21st February became a symbol of lightness and honesty. Since 1953, the immortal 21st February has been observed as a great national event all over Bangladesh and also beyond the frontiers of Bangladesh where there is a considerable number of Bangla speaking people. Now the world will remember us and we will be closer to other countries observing International Mother Language Day as it is our achievement. Cultural significance of the International Mother Language Day is enough. Nearly 200 countries of the world, various people speaking various languages and belonging to different national cultures will observe 21st February as the International Mother Language Day. Bangla is the language of our mother, our heart. We feel great pleasure expressing ourselves in this language. 11. Birds of Bangladesh (a) How many kinds of birds are there? (b) How do birds help us? (c) Where do the birds normally live? (d) Which are the common birds of Bangladesh? (e) What should be done to prevent birds from being destroyed? Bangladesh is gifted with various kinds of natural things. Birds are also a gift of nature for this country. There are birds living near houses, in woods, marshy lands and hills. Different kinds of birds live on different food. Some live on worms and insects, some live on fish and flesh and some on fruits and grains. The crow is the most common of all birds. It is an early riser. It is a black and ugly bird. Its voice is harsh. The cuckoo is a sweet singing bird which declares the beginning of spring. It is as black as the crow. It is called the harbinger of spring. There are other birds such as the doel, the sparrow and the Bau-katha-kow. They are all singing birds. The doel is our national bird. The parrot, the mayna, the skalik, the shyma and the chandana are talking birds. They can imitate the voice of a man. So, they are kept by some people as pet. The pigeon, the swan, the cock etc, are also nice birds and they are called domestic birds. There are some birds which are known as hijacker birds for their plundering habit. The kite, the hawk and some other birds have keen eyes and sharp nails; they swoop down upon their prey and carry it away. So, they are called plundering or hijacker birds. The game birds are caught for generally eating and fostering. The dove, the pigeon, the snipe, the bitten, the heron, the partridge and the teal belong to this class. There are some other common birds, whose role can't be ignored. The tuntuni, the babui and the sparrow are called tailor birds because they show great skill in weaving their nests. The vulture is a big bird but it is ugly in look and habits. The owl is fierce looking but it is harmless. It is our pride that every year during the winter season a lot of birds come to our country which are known as “Guest Birds.” They are of different species and colour. These visiting birds create an environment of charm and beauty. But unfortunately some dishonest greedy people catch these birds and sell them. Laws should be applied strictly against it. Birds are a beautiful creation of Allah. Birds are of great economic source. So, we should not kill the birds for eating their flesh only. 

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12. A Trade Fair (a) What do you mean by a trade fair? (b) Why is a trade fair organized? (c) In Bangladesh where is a trade fair normally arranged? (d) How is the fair arranged? (e) What things are found in a trade fair? A trade fair is a fair for the display of industrial goods to the foreign buyers to get them acquainted with the exportable items of the country. By arranging trade fair we can make people aware of the market price. We can inform the customers about the quality of the product. In a trade fair a lot of companies take active part. In our country every year we arrange a lot of trade fairs. The government organizes an international trade fair every year in Sher-e-Bangla Nagar. A trade fair gives immense pleasure and opportunity to the customers. So it cannot be organized by an individual. It is normally held once a year. A great publicity is done for this purpose. And this publicity is made through advertisement in the national and international dailies to draw the attention of the industrialists and producers. The host country also advises friendly countries to install stalls in trade fair to display their exportable goods to the importers of the host country. As a trade fair gives scope to a country to display her products, friendly countries gladly respond to the call of the host countries. There are also arrangements for recreation, food etc, for the visitors. Thus a trade fair is very much useful. A host country can know the other parts of the globe through a trade fair. A trade fair should be held every year to encourage importers of foreign countries to import goods from our country. The day is no more so far when we shall be able to import necessary goods keeping the balance of trade in our favour. 13. International Day of Elderly (a) When is International Day of Elderly observed? (b) How is the day observed? (c) How are the old treated now a day? (d) What should be given to the elderly persons? (e) What is the present condition of elderly person? The elderly day is observed throughout the world on the 2nd October every year, with a view to highlighting the fundamental human needs of the elderly persons. The observance of the day tries to make us conscious about the self—fulfillment, dignity, participation, care and independence of the elderly persons in our society. Some government and non-government organizations in Bangladesh arrange some programs to celebrate the day. Man cannot overcome his age. That the child who is very little today will be old tomorrow is the law of Nature. In this competitive and commercialized society mortality and philanthropy are decreasing day by day. The duties of the young people to the elder are also decreased. Sometimes they are treated as a burden of the family and the society. The sons and daughters and sometimes the grand children do not take care of them. They are blamed for their traditional out look or criticized for their method of life. But the elder persons should be treated with love and affection. The observance of this day reminds us that they are widely experienced about life and challenges. So they should be given the opportunities to do something constructive for the society. Older persons should be able to live at home for as long as possible. They should not be cornered or neglected. 

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Older persons should benefit from family, they should get community care. Again they should get protection in accordance with society's system of cultural values. By observing the International Day of Elderly we should try to ensure the access of the elderly persons to health care to help them maintain or regain the optimum level of physical, mental and emotional well being. The observance of the day also aims at creating their access to appropriate educational and training programs. We hope the success of the observance of the International Day of Elderly not only in Bangladesh but also in other countries of the world. 14. May Day (a) What do you mean by May Day? (b) Why is May Day important? (c) What happened in the year 1886 in Chicago? (d) Why is May day observed? (e) Who sacrificed for May day? May Day is the day of international unity of the working class people. The observance of May Day in Bangladesh assumes a special significance in the light of the avowed principle of our state policy to establish an exploitation-free society and to stop man's inhumanity against his fellow men. In the year 1886 in the month of May, the workers, in the American city of Chicago, who were groaning under the pangs of exploitation, raised slogans for their recognition as men. Initially, that movement was to voice the time limit for work and basic facilities for the workers, so that they could live as human beings. This was no doubt a mortal blow to the moneyed class. In consequence, the streets of Chicago city were smeared with the warm blood of the workers. The capitalist government and its agents adopted every possible means to choke the voice of the workers. The leaders of the workers were hanged. But the undaunted workers came out successful sacrificing their life. The sacrifice made by the workers of the city of Chicago is remembered every year all over the world. But it is not only the day of commemoration of the martyred workers who fought for human rights. It is the day of inspiration of being untied for the realization of the demand of the workers. On this great May Day all workers should be united to lead the nation to the path of prosperity -path of progress and peace and to seat in a respected chair among the communities of the world. 15. Necessity of Education (a) What is education? (b) What is its aim? (c) How is an illiterate person burden to a society? (d) What do you think about the necessity of education? (e) Can education really remove the darkness of ignorance? Education is the backbone of a nation. It is a formal process of institutional learning. Education is very much essential for the development of mind, soul and general outlook of a person. It also helps to broaden the mentality and intellectuality of human being, and also builds the personalities of a person to make his worth of meeting challenges. Obviously, education removes the darkness of ignorance. An illiterate person is unable to gain bookish knowledge from different sources unlike an educated person can do. An ignorant person is always considered a burden to a 

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society. He cannot make a right choice, right decision in his own life. He does not acquire the abilities to earn enough for his living. He always takes help of others to do any kind of tasks. Other people have to give him a sense of direction and purpose. Thus he depends on others in every matter. Because of his ignorance he can never become resourceful. On the other hand the door of Knowledge is open to an educated person. Actually education promotes our personality; it teaches us patience and universal brotherhood. It also provides us with the knowledge of health, sanitation and population control. It enhances our ability to raise crops, increase industrial production, store food, protect the environment and carry out social responsibilities. We become conscious of our duties and responsibilities to our family as well as to our society through it. Education is a medium, which ennobles our mind and uplifts our senses. It brings national prosperity. It makes the people responsible citizen. A nation can achieve prosperity if the people of that country are educated. With this broadened perspective, we can go towards change for the better through education which can always train us for the best. 16. Necessity of Entertainment (a) What is entertainment? (b) What are the common sources of entertainment? (c) What are the most important sources of entertainment at present? (d) How do different types of entertainment help us to broaden our outlook and in various sectors? (e) How does it help us in education? (f) How do you evaluate the importance of entertainment? Entertainment means to get pleasure or amusement through different types of sources. By entertainment all classes of people get mental relaxation and pleasure which is different from their professional and busy life. There are many sources of entertainment, such as, sports, music, dance, concert, jatra, bull-fight, wrestling, boating, theatre etc. We have found significant changes in the types of entertainment over time. In the past, snake charming, puppet shows, jatra, jarigan, radio, football etc. were common forms of entertainment. At present television is the most important form of entertainment. The popular channels telecast many interesting, informative and educative programmes such as musical performance, drama, dance, films, telefilms, international games, sports, news, geographic’s aspects etc. Computer is also an important source of entertainment. Students can get pleasure by using internet and also playing different types of games. Sports are now popular sources of entertainment. Many international sporting events are organized from time to time. The sports programmes are telecast worldwide and as a result the sports venues become the meeting place of people from different countries. They can get acquainted with different cultures of the world. Considering all these matters, we can say that the value of entertainment in our life cannot be described in words. To get relief from anxiety of our everyday monotonous life we should put emphasis on developing the sources of entertainment. 17. Merits and Demerits of Satellite Channels (a) What do you understand by Satellite TV Channels? (b) What are the functions of S.C? 

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(c) Do you think that satellite channels cause cultural decay as moral degeneration have bad influence on our society? (d) What programmes do you expect from satellite channel to enrich our national culture? (e) Can you make any suggestion regarding the positive use of the satellite T.V. channel? Satellites are the artificial objects or machines that are put in orbit round the earth. They relay back the earth radio and TV signals, which are used by the different channels to telecast their programmes. These satellite channels have brought a great change in the world of education and entertainment of the people. The main functions of the satellite channels are to telecast different types of programmes through air. The popular channels telecast many interesting programmes. They telecast musical performance, dances, drama, film show and so on. People can watch movies as well as other channels like Discovery Channel, Geography channel, etc. Some telecast live shows and commercial series. The most watched one are Ten Sports, Star Sports and ESPN. Both children and old people are fond of the channels that telecast cartoon films. BBC and CNN are very prominent news channels. Though the channels have contributed a lot in educating and entertaining the people, some channels telecast programmes and movies of violent nature. They also show obscene music and films. These channels cause cultural decay and moral degradation. These adversely affect the children and particularly the young generation because some ugly parts of western culture have encroached our own culture. There should be a government committee to enforce a policy regarding which channels can be permitted or to be censored. And this is how the satellite TV channels can be made to play a positive role and our national culture can be enriched. 18. Natural Calamities of Bangladesh (a) Why is Bangladesh called a land of natural calamities? (b) What is the most common natural calamity here? (c) When does it occur? (d) What is the impact? (e) How do the people suffer? Bangladesh is called a land of natural calamities. Fires, droughts, earth quakes, violent storm, flood, earth erosion are the most common natural calamities. Of these natural calamities nor’easter occurs most frequently. It blows sometimes in a terrible form. This storm often occurs at the time when the sky is covered with black clouds and gusty wind blows. Children find pleasure in collecting manages under the mangoes trees. Children pick up the hail and rejoice. Sometimes it causes havoc beyond description. Every year cyclone destroys our lives and properties, floods take away all things to the river and sea and earthquakes destroy our lives, homes. Cold winter, mist storm impede our normal works of everyday life and sometimes destroy people. Almost everything that comes within its sweep is destroyed and carried away. Houses and buildings are blown down, giant trees are uprooted. This causes much harm to people. They only can make up the loss after the intensity of the disaster is over. This is not all, nature is also losing its balance for increasing heat created from carbon-di-oxide. So, green house effect is swelling the normal level of seawater. After any natural disaster, people who become shelter-less have to depend on the relief and 

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charity of other people. Actually we become miserable after any calamities. We cannot resist them. We can only take some steps to lessen the misery of the victims. We can create consciousness among people and train them how to protect them from the grim and grave natural hazard. 19. Necessity of Maintaining Ecological Balance (a) What does environment refer to? (b) What are the main elements of environment? (c) What is the relation among different elements? (d) What will happen if this relationship is disturbed? (e) What is the necessity of maintaining ecological balance? (f) Do you have any idea about its solution? The world is full of different things. All those things make up our environment. The environment refers to the air, water and land in which people, animals and plants live. So, human beings, animals, plants, air, water and soil are the main elements of the environment. Storm, cyclones, earthquakes and other natural forces are the parts of environment too. Climate is also related to environment. All these things are interrelated. The way in which people, animals and plants are related to one another in their surrounding is known as ecology. It is a complex web that links all the elements of environment in the biosphere. All these things hang together. The system is in a steady state of dynamic balance, which means that by altering any one part of the web one can affect all the other parts. For example, the destruction of forests may have serious ecological consequences on humans and animals. The world is producing million tons of domestic rubbish. The disposal of various kinds of wastes is polluting the environment. So it is difficult to protect our environment from being polluted. If we don’t take any step to protect our environment immediately the world will be uninhabitable in future like a desert. We can protect our environment by taking some initial steps such as stopping wasting water, stopping using ground water excessively, stopping destroying forest, stopping to using excessive toxic insecticides in the farmlands etc. It is the responsibility of human beings to make the environment clean and danger free. Besides, we should check the cause of greenhouse effect and plant more and more trees. 20. Nuclear Family (a) What is a Nuclear Family? (b) How many types of family we can find? (c) Why this type of family is getting popular today? (d) What are the advantages of a nuclear family? (e) Is there any disadvantage of a nuclear family? (f) What type of family do you like most and why? (g) How is Nuclear family different from extended family? A nuclear family is a small one containing father, mother and their children. There are two types of families we can in our society, one is nuclear family and the other is extended family. In a nuclear family only parents and children live, but in an extended family there might be grandparents, grand children, uncle and aunts live together. Life is becoming more expensive day by day. That’s why nuclear family is preferred. This type of family gives any one the opportunity to concentrate on his own activities. An extended family consists of many members. All members in this family deserve 

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attention. But they can’t concentrate on their own activities. Personal freedom and privacy are hampered in an extended family. It is true that a nuclear family is boring and tiresome to some extent. The members seldom get anyone to share their feelings, joy or sorrows. But these drawbacks can be overcome if the members spend their leisure in a productive way. They can also do some social works or engage themselves in cultural or any educative activities. They can also visit their relatives to avoid their monotony. Despite some disadvantages I like nuclear family, because I think to cope with the modern world. We have to prepare ourselves in an organized way. And it is possible only by staying in a calm and cool family environment. A nuclear family can give us an effective and proper opportunity to do something with full concentration. Money is also a factor. In a nuclear family its members are limited, so we can easily fulfill our demand within our limited income. So considering all these positive sides we should make a consciousness among ourselves to make our family small. 21. Rights of Women (a) What is the role of women in our society? (b) How are they treated as in the family as well as in the society? (c) What are their rights? (d) Do they get equal importance as male? (e) Can they establish their position? (f) What should be done for women? (g) Do you have any suggestion? Women have a great contribution to the society. About 50% of the total population of the world is women. They play a great role to the human civilization. It has to be acknowledged that women have always worked within the household but today due to economic necessity or the urge to establish an individual identity, they are entering the outside workforce. So, it is difficult that they have to maintain their traditional role at work, as they compete with men they have to prove their worth twice in order to survive. If we seek in depth, we can see that the real condition of the women in our society is not so good. In the existing socio-economic set-up women are exploited in various ways from their early childhood to old age. Girls are born to an unwelcome world. They are confined to domestic chores. Some of these girls may be at school. But all their work stops as soon as they are married off. They are not permitted to go alone, to eat best food, to raise their voice, to make any decision even regarding their marriage and education. Women have the rights to take part in various kinds of works. They have the ability to present themselves differently. If they get equal right in education they can do much better than male and also can build their life through education. Again in the question of marriage, their opinions of choosing their life partner should be considered to avoid early and unequal marriage. They should not be dominated by the male persons. They should be equally treated as male in decision making and even in necessity men and women will take equal meals. We have to think about the physical health and mental condition of women because today’s girl is tomorrow’s women and will bear the responsibility for a new generation. We have to change the view as considering the costing of money for the girl’s education wastage and to the boy’s investment. At present to encourage female education the government has taken some positive steps such as giving stipends to girl students, recruiting more female teachers etc. Today women in our society play a significant 

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role. They are not only daughters, wives and mothers; they are policy makers, administrators, prime minister, doctors, engineers, teachers and so on. 22. The Shaheed Minar (a) Have you ever visited the central Shaheed Minar? (b) When did you visit it? (c) What do you think the reason of building it? (d) What does it stand for? (e) How does it inspire the people? (f) How do you feel standing before it? The central Shaheed Minar was built in honour of the martyrs who were killed in 1952 during the historical language movement. The Shaheed Minar was designed by Hamidur Rahman. It is not simply a memorial but something more. It is of great importance and significance in our national life. The Shaheed Minar is the symbol of our national hopes and aspirations. It has been designed with a view to focusing on the language movement as the central concept symbolizing our emancipation. The Shaheed minar conveys the aspirations of the people. The basic horizontal and vertical forms of the Shaheed minar bring out the concept of Bengali solidarity and unity for their national identity. The vertical lines provide the manifestations of inner strength and the four columns on both sides of the central structure reflect the balance and harmony of a united stand. The Shaheed Minar stands combining all the aspirations of Bengali identity and nationalism. 23. Rights of Children (a) Have you noticed young Children working around you for livelihood? (b) How do you feel for them? (c) Do you think that they are being deprived of their fundamental rights? (d) What are the rights they are deprived of? (e) How do they lead their life? (f) What do you feel the government and concerned people should do for them? Child labour has become a common sight in Bangladesh. I have noticed many young children working for a living around us. I feel for them and the sight of these working children pains me. The thought of my failure to do anything for them saddens me. I think these young working children are being deprived of their fundamental rights. They don’t get proper food and clothes; they neither live in a healthy environment, they nor possess good health. Rather they are being deprived of education. They are supposed to be at schools like other children but they work in garments factories, or as tempo and bus helpers and even they are seen collecting garbage. They live an inhuman life. I think the government and the people concerned should preserve their rights and stop their labour. The government should rehabilitate the slum-dwellers and should create working opportunities for them to develop their living standard. The govt. should sanction more money for food for education programmes. The concerned people can come forward to help the working children. More child homes should be established for deserted children. After doing all these we can expect the children enjoying their fundamental rights and a child labour free Bangladesh. 24. Cultural Tradition of Bangladesh (a) What is culture? 

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(b) What are the elements of our culture? (c) How are the Bangladeshi songs influenced? (d) Which songs are people fond of? (e) How we can be benefited from the intrusion of western culture on our culture? Every nation has its own specialty in language, dress, food habit, manner of speaking, mode of behavior, games, sports, social values, ways of thinking, songs etc. They are the elements of a culture. Culture is the specialty or recognition of a nation. Our culture is also old and traditional. We have a different social value, language, custom, religion, profession music, art, literature etc which are the part and parcel of our nation. But we are going to lose our specialty in culture. Then new generation does not like folk song, zari, sari, bhatiali etc. These songs are also going to loose their appeal. We are now fond of band music, Hindi and English songs and music. Our ways of living are also changing with direct influence of western culture. Western culture has both good and bad effect on our society. We can be introduced with the people, history and culture of the whole of western world. We can have a comparative study of our culture with other culture which helps us to enrich our own culture. We can receive good things from western culture. The disadvantages are not at all short listed. It already has influenced our youngsters. They are forgetting their own cultural heritage. They try to imitate the vulgar sides of western culture. If immediate steps are not taken, our own culture will be abolished. It is impossible to discard western influence in this global world but we can be more careful to save our own heritage and culture. We will try to receive something good from western culture and abandon what is bad in them. 25. Necessity of Sports (a) Why are sports useful? (b) How do sports help globalization? (c) What is the impression of some parents about sports? (d) How can we improve sports in our country? A sound mind is important for sound body and these two together things bring happiness to life. Sports bring mental flexibility. Many games and sports are treated as good physical exercise. Sports play a vital role in globalization. People of different countries come closer to one another through international sport events. Multinational companies can have more media coverage through live telecast of these programmes which they sponsor. Many parents think that spending time in games and sports is wasting of time. But they cannot think the necessity of sports to have a balanced growth of their child. A proverb says that while read you read, while play you play, this is the way to be cheerful and gay. We should provide places to our children for playing and the Government should be more careful about games and sports and thus we can improve sports in our country. 26. The contribution of women in a country (a) What is the present situation of the role of women in socio economic condition? (b) What was their role in previous days? (c) How do women of Bangladesh play their role? (d) Who can help them? (e) How we give them safe workplace? 

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Women are the inseparable part of the society. Once they were confined within the four walls of their parents or husband’s house but the situation is changing now-adays. They are working hand in hand with men in all the development programmes of the government. Kitchen is not their only workplace. They are receiving higher education and becoming pilots, doctors, engineers, teachers, administrators etc. They are able to take challenges and prove them selves everywhere. Not only educated women but also poor and uneducated women are also contributing much to their family and country economically with the help of non government organization like Grameen Bank, BRAC and ASA etc. If more chances are given to the women, they can prove their worth. It is realized that the development of a country is never possible keeping half of the population inactive at home. So the role a woman in the socio-economic condition of a country is unquestionable. The women of Bangladesh are also ready to receive their part and they are also doing so. Women can play better role if they find proper working atmosphere. The Government should be more conscious to create good and safe working environment for them. 27. Globalization (a) What is globalization? (b) How does the process contribute to the international relations? (c) Why are the countries like families in a village? (d) How does the technology help globalization? (e) How can the process be a disadvantage for poor countries? (f) What are developed countries doing in point of globalization? (g) How can we get benefit from globalization? Globalization is a process of expanding trade and commerce all over the world by creating a borderless market. It contributes to the development of international relations. The world has come closer with the development of hi-tech communication media and rapid transportation facilities. People can learn in an instant what is happening in the farthest corner of the world. They can travel to any country in the shortest possible time. Countries of the world are like families in a village. They can share their sorrows and joys like next door neighbors. One country can easily assist another country in its helplessness. The strong technological foundation has created globalization more effective. Worldwide money transfer, transaction of business and the exchange of information has made the international relationship closer. People can sell and buy goods through the electronic screen. But taking advantage of the idea of globalization, capitalism creates more opportunities for capitalist countries. In the name of help and co-operation, the developed countries exploit the developing and poorer countries. The process paves the way for a lasting poverty. It is making a huge difference between the developed and poor countries. If we can build up an atmosphere of mutual understanding and co-operation through true globalization process our world can certainly be a better place to live in. 28. Dowry System (a) What is dowry? (b) Is the dowry system a curse to the society? (c) How is the system? (d) How can it be a burden to a poor family? 

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(e) How are females treated in this system? (f) What is the main reason of the bad effect of this system? (g) What should the young people do to remove it? (h) How can we solve this problem? Dowry is an amount of money or property that a wife or her family is forced to pay to her husband when they get married. It was the social custom in the ancient time. But at present dowry is the social curse for our society. In this subcontinent more or less every family faces this problem. A poor family having a maiden faces a great problem due to dowry. They cannot arrange a marriage ceremony of their daughter because of the demand of the dowry. Parents or relatives of the bridegroom claim this dowry which cannot be easily fulfilled mostly. If the parents of the bride cannot pay according to the demand, the wife is kicked out from her husband’s house. The respective husband or the relatives of the husband are very stiff to this point. The domination of male over the female is the basis of this evil system. These types of customs are made by the male members of the family as well as the society. Our young generation should be made conscious about this curse. Proper initiatives should be taken to wipe out such heinous system. This system is still running directly or indirectly. It has become an essential part of the marriage in our society. The situation cannot be changed overnight. Postering, canvassing and making advertisement against this dowry system can be done. We can get rid of this system by developing our mentality. If we fail to stop this despicable system we will demoralize our own custom and culture of the society. 29. The Great Wall of China (a) What is the Great Wall of China? (b) Where is the Wall? (c) How long is the Wall? (d) When was the Wall made? (e) What was the purpose of making it? (f) How did the Wall help at the time of battle? (g) What was the wall made of? (h) Why is the Wall a unique structure? The Great Wall of China is the largest defense fortification ever built by man. This wall stretches from the Gulf of Chili of the Yellow sea to Kansu province in the west of China. It is about 1500 miles long. The width of this wall varies from 15 to 40 feet and its height varies from 20 to 50 feet. In the 3rd century BC the first emperor of Ch’ in after uniting China linked up the existing walls. He built new sections to create the Great Wall as a continuous unit. His purpose was to defend China from the north. Watch towers were set at regular intervals to send signals. The wall was constructed in such a way that troops could be quickly transported along its top. The wall was built of rubble mostly. Some sections were made of tamped earth and important passes were made of brick. Some of its sections were built in later centuries with new facilities of high towers. Before that, extensive repairs and extensions were made at various periods. It is the only structure on earth that can be identified from the moon. 

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30. A place of Historical Interest / Visiting a Historical Place (a) How do you see visiting a historical place? (b) Did you visit any historical place? (c) Which place did you visit? (d) Why did you visit that place? (e) When and with whom did you go there? (f) What attraction does the place have for the visitors? (g) What did you see there? (h) How did you enjoy the place? I am habituated with visiting various places where I can find enjoyment and pleasure. I like to visit historical places to learn history. It is a part and parcel of acquiring practical knowledge. To increase my historical knowledge, I visited the Mazar of Khan Jahan Ali and his Satgambuj Mosque in Bagerhat. I went there with my classmates, some other students and teachers. We started in the morning. We went to the place by bus which was reserved two days earlier. We enjoyed the beautiful scenery during the journey. We reached the Mazar at 3 pm. We observed the Mazar with great enthusiasm. We saw and learnt many important things visiting there. The structure of the Mazar is very beautiful. It is made of stones. It is said that Khan Jahan Ali brought these stones from Chittagong. The special attraction of the place was Darga Dighi. We saw some crocodiles in this dighi. After visiting the Mazar we visited the Satgambuj Mosque. We saw eighty one gambuj of the mosque. It was built in 1440. It was our main attraction as it was one of the best architectural beauties of the country. The whole place was a source of knowledge. We were able experience visiting to this place. We enjoyed it most with my friends and teachers. We shared our knowledge about the visit this historical place. 31. The Sangsad Bhaban (a) What is the Sangsad Bhaban? (b) Where is the Bhaban? (c) Who designed it? (d) How large is it? (e) What sort of facilities does it provide? (f) When was the house inaugurated? (g) Why is it called a wonder for a poor country? The Sangsad Bhaban i.e the Parliament House is the most significant and beautiful building in Bangladesh where all national issues are discussed and decided. It is situated at Sher-e-Bangla Nagar in Dhaka. It modern architecture and technology. It is originally designed by the famous American architect Louis I Khan. The building is surrounded by an artificial lake. The lake is called the Crescent Lake. The main section of the building has a strong outer covering. This 155 ft high and 9 storeyed building has 1605 doors, 335 windows, 365 ventilators and very long corridors. The house has 354 seats for MPs, 56 for guests, 40 for journalists and 430 for spectators. The house is wholly air-conditioned. It includes all modern facilities. The building was inaugurated in 1982 and the first parliamentary session was held on 15 February the same year. Its annual maintenance cost is about 50 million taka which is really a wonder for a poor country like Bangladesh. 

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32. The Jamuna Bridge (a) Where is the Jamuna Bridge? (b) How long is the bridge? (c) Who constructed the bridge? (d) How long did it take to build? (e) What was the cost? (f) Who contributed to the assistance of the cost? (g) How does it facilitate in our communication? The Jamuna Bridge over the river Jamuna in Bangladesh exhibits the modern engineering and technological skills. The multi-purpose Bridge connects the districts of Tangail and Sirajgonj. The bridge is 4.8 kilometers long and 18.5 meters wide. It is the longest ever in Bangladesh and the eleventh largest in the whole world. The main bridge was constructed by the Hyundai Construction Co. of South Korea. About 15000 people worked for four years to build this huge bridge. The bridge is connected with 29.7 km approach road on the east and the west. The total cost of this huge structure was more than seven hundred million US dollars. Besides Bangladesh Government, the World Bank, the Asian Development Bank and Japan assisted to meet the expenses. The bridge is facilitating gas, electricity and telecommunication lines between the two parts of the country. The bridge has improved a lot in railway and motorway communication. 33. The Taj Mahal (a) Where is the Taj Mahal? (b) What kind of building is it? (c) Who built it? (d) How is the surroundings of the Mahal? (e) When do the visitors visit? (f) Why was it built? (g) Why is it called the Taj Mahal? Emperor Shah Jahan of Delhi built the Taj Mahal as a tomb for his wife in Agra in India. The Mahal is still one of the most beautiful buildings in the world in point of architecture. It is made of fine white marble. It has eight sides and many open arches. It rests on a platform of red sandstone. Four slender white towers rise from the corners of the platform. There is a large dome above the center of the building. There are four smaller domes around this large dome. Visitors can look through carved marble screens into a central room from an open corridor. The bodies of Shah Jahan and his wife Mumtaz lie in two graves below this room. The Taj Mahal is surrounded by a beautiful garden. There is also a long pool in front of the building. Visitors can see the beauty of the Taj Mahal in its reflection in the pool water. The Mahal assumes a different look in different times. Visitors come to see it at different times of the day. The Taj Mahal was built by Shah Jahan particularly to keep it as a symbol of love for his wife Mumtaz. As it is a sign of love for Mumtaz, the Mahal is called the Taj Mahal. 34. A Book Fair (a) What is a book fair? (b) Have you ever been to a fair? 

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(c) Where was it held? (d) Did you go there alone? (e) What types of books were available in the fair? (f) What did you see there? (g) When does the fair become crowded? (h) What did you do in the fair? A book fair is special kind of fair where various kinds of books are displayed and sold. It is of a recent origin but it still draws vast crowds every year from far and near. The fair has become very popular. The main purpose for organising a book fair is to raise the interest of the people from all walks of life in books. The ‘Ekushey Boi Mela’ is the most notable book fair where I visited with my friends last year. An open place of the Bangla Academy is selected for this purpose. The leading publishers of the country participate in the fair. They open their stalls and display their latest publication in those stalls. There were at least three hundred stalls. The book fair was arranged in such a way that could attract the attention of the interested readers. There were various kinds of books such as poetry, short stories, novels and essays on a wide range of topics. The people were moving from one stall to another to choose books according to their taste. It becomes crowded in the evening. Seminars and discussions were held in a book fair. It creates an interesting relationship between the readers and the writers. Some popular writers themselves are present in some stalls. I tried to buy a lot of books but my purse did not permit me. I had to buy a few books including a short story, poetry and some detective books. It was a great experience for me to visit the book fair. 35. A Winter Morning (a) How is a winter morning? (b) How do people and animal feel in a winter morning? (c) What do village children and people do in a winter morning? (d) What kinds of food are available in a winter morning? (e) What are the difficulties do we usually see in a winter morning? (f) What is your personal feeling about a winter morning? A winter morning is usually foggy. It is cold outside. There is dense fog everywhere. Grass and leaves of trees are wet with dew drops. Nature looks dull in a winter morning. Things at a distance cannot be seen clearly. The sun rises late. People usually do not get out very early. The old men and the children remain inside their houses, because they are afraid of shivering cold. They gather some dried leaves and make fire to keepthemselves warm. Winter is distressing to the poor and the old. They bask in the sun and keep themselves warm. The students who have to go to school do not like a winter morning. In the winter morning, people enjoy eating native cakes or pithas and drinking date-juice. There is every chance of fatal road accidents when the morning is very much foggy and misty. Because the drivers cannot see the roads clearly, so that they have to drive with difficulty. Personally, I do not like this morning because of its shivering cold and dryness. (a) What is a fax? (b) What is it used for? (c) Why is it getting popularity?

36. Fax

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(d) What are the types of fax systems? (e) Why has it become an essential tool in the business world? (f) What are the benefits of the fax? (g) Why do people prefer the fax to the telephone? As a major application of telecommunication document exchange through fax systems is rising day by day. The fax machine can transmit and receive printed matters such as graphics, drawings, pictures, hand written texts, etc. For its speed of transmission the system is suitable for business and official purposes because offices deal mostly with paper documents. Between two types of fax systems, the document fax is more popular than the photographic fax. Photographic information is transmitted and printed in the photographic system. Documents are transmitted and received in the document system. Faxed messages or documents are received immediately after sending messages. For this the fax system has become an important tool for correspondence in the world of business, trade and commerce. It is also used for different types of personal and official correspondence. It is cheaper than using the telephone. It saves our valuable time to fax any written message from one place to another and even from one country to another. In addition to that it costs much less than what it costs to use telephone. Thus people prefer the fax to the telephone. 37. Gender Discrimination (a) When does gender discrimination begin? (b) How is the birth of a female child welcomed and why? (c) What is the future of these female children? (d) What is the consequence of this discrimination for women? (e) How can this problem be solved? Gender discrimination in Bangladesh begins at birth. Most parents want to have children so that the children can supplement their family income or help with the domestic work when they are older. These parents think that male children can do this job properly. Thus when a female child is born, it is not regarded as a happy event. Girls are not welcomed in this world. The male members think that the female child has come to add to their misery. Even the mother does not welcome her child cordially for giving birth to a female child. Girls are confined to domestic chores. The prime concern of the parents about their daughters is that they should be married off quickly. Girls are regarded as liability to be got rid of. Social superstition works for this discrimination. Parents try to find a husband for their daughter before she attains physical and mental maturity. Her marriage may cost her parents a heavy amount of money. Religious misinterpretations often prevent girls from going to co-education schools. This discriminatory treatment has some negative effects on the body and mind of the girl children and women in a family. They are kept in restrictions. They are given to understand that they should eat less than the male members; that they should not speak loudly; that they should not go out of their house without permission from the male members. They develop a sense of self-denial and inferiority in the society. They cannot make any decision in the family affairs. To solve this problem our outlook towards the girls should be changed. We should realize that women are equal partners to men. They should be made self sufficient by giving them proper education and employment. Early marriage should be stopped. 

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38. The Changing Role of Women in Our Society (a) What role do women play nowadays? (b) What is their present position? (c) How are they improving themselves? (d) Are they considered equal in work places? (e) What types of professions are they engaged in? (f) On which fields can our women contribute? Nowadays women are playing an important role in all spheres of life. They are no longer confined within the four walls of their house. They are not considered as liabilities of their parents. They are not married off quickly as it happened in the bygone days. They are not any more confined to the domestic works of their parents’ or husbands’ house. They have come out of the kitchens and they are now frequently involved in education. They are getting highly educated to cope with the present competitive job market. Women are working hand in hand with men in all the development programmes of the government. By receiving higher education they are becoming pilots, doctors, engineers, teachers, administrators etc. They have been able to prove their worth. They are given value for their achievements. They not only do their household works but also do the outside work of their houses. They are contributing much to the economy of the country. Now men are able to realize that true development of the country is not possible if half of the population is kept idle at home. 39. Food habits of Different People (a) How do different people have their food? (b) How many times in a day do different people take their meal? (c) What and where do the British usually have for breakfast and lunch? (d) How do Americans take meals? (e) Are British people interested in foreign food? (f) How is our food habit? (g) How do you differ the way of eating of different people? Different people have their different food habits according to their individual norms. The ways of their eating is also different from each other. All over the world people who live healthy and happy life live on three or four meals a day. In Britain and America most families have three meals a day. If members of the family are working or studying, they eat outside the home at lunch time. British breakfast usually consists of cereal, toast and tea or coffee. Lunch can be a light meal of sandwitches or fruit. Sunday lunch is the most important meal of the week where the whole family eats together. In America school schedules are made keeping their meal pattern in mind. British people travel more to enjoy food from different countries. They eat Italian, Chinese, Indian, Japanese, Thai, Malaysian food. British people like to take away food as they work outside for longer time. In our country, we usually take three meals a day. We love to eat food with our family. The main items of our food are rice, fish and vegetables. Urban people are in the habit of taking bread in the breakfast. Working people eat fast food. Like many other countries in the Indian sub-continent, Bangladeshi people use their fingers to eat. In Europe and America most people use knives and forks for eating. Thus food habits and the way of eating differ from one person to another, from one country to another and from one culture to another. 

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40. Rabindranath Tagore (a) Who is Rabindranath Tagore? (b) How was he known to people? (c) When was he born? When did he start his education? (d) Why did he arrive in London? (e) How was London City to young Tagore? (f) How did he find English people? (g) What changes did Tagore have after getting education from abroad? (h) How did Rabindranath get benefit from living abroad? Rabindranath Tagore is one of the renowned and esteemed authors not only in Bangladesh but also in the whole Indian sub continent. He has a world wide reputation as well. He went to school very early and wrote his first verse at the age of eight. Born in 1861, he was the fourteenth child of the family. At the age of seventeen he arrived in London. He joined his brother’s family and attended school there. He found nothing delighted in London. He described the city as foggy, smoky and dismal city. Everyone in the city was very busy. Rabindranath Tagore joined London University later coming from Brighton. He attended lectures and visited the houses of Parliament. He lived with a friendly English family and spent some time there. Though two daughters in the family were afraid of Tagore for his skin color, they were assured later of Tagore’s harmlessness. Rabindranath Tagore admired the English society in his letters to his family in India. He did not have anything of his own to distinguish after his visit to the English society. His education remained the some as it was at home. It could not change his own education. He respected and followed his own culture and turned them into his literature. He went abroad in order to benefit from his education in the west. Though he faced a little problem in the process, he got some practical experience of living outside home. He got some practical education from a different society and it helped him to understand different attitudes and educations of different people. 41. E-mail (a) What is E-mail? (b) What changes has it brought in modern communication? (c) How does it improve office system? (d) How does e-mail preserve privacy? (e) How does e-mail help globalization? E-mail means electronic mail. As the name suggests, it is the communication of textual messages via electronic means. It is a blessing of information technology. Email is delivered to individual electronic mail boxes based in computers. We need a personal computer, a modem and a telephone communication in-order to operate an email system. Internal memos, reports, message, application, pictures can be exchanged electronically without using paper. In this computer based messaging system, files prepared on computers can be instantly copied and easily exchanged as e-mail. Efficiency of office system is now-a-days improving rapidly. E-mail permits communication between two parties without the parties actually being present simultaneously. Privacy is ensured as the mail is delivered to an individual’s mail box which can be accessed or opened only by the desired recipient. E-mail has brought 

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revolutionary change in modern communication system. It is a great support to globalization. Any documents, message, pictures can be transmitted from one country to another within seconds. In a word, E-mail has brought a massive change in modern communication with its speed and other facilities. 42. Transportation System in Bangladesh (a) What is the importance of Transportation System? (b) How does transport play role in economic infrastructure of a country? (c) What are the major transportation systems in Bangladesh? (d) Do you think our transportation system is worth enough? (e) How can we develop our transportation system? People go here and there for communication with others. They communicate for different purposes like business, greetings, official works, educational purpose and so on. They need medium of communication. This is why transportation system plays an important role in the lives of people in a country. It is impossible to move the wheels of the nation without good transportation. A country’s economic growth is also fully dependent on transportation system. Business or industrial development is impossible without good transport. So transportation system is an inevitable part of economic infrastructure of a country. In Bangladesh, we have roads and highways, railway, waterway, air as the means of transport. But we could not make them reliable yet. We cannot expand business and industry countrywide only for the lack of good transportation system. Our government should be conscious enough to provide good transportation for country’s total development. Government should remove corruption of this sector. A complete code should be maintained for safe transportation system. Our transportation system should be modernized; otherwise we will fail to develop our economy rapidly. 43. Global Warming (a) What is global warming? (b) How does it affect our environment? (c) What will happen for global warming? (d) What are the reasons of global warming? (e) How can we prevent it? Some reports about environmental changes provide some strong evidence of world’s temperature that the temperature is increasing day by day. This alarming increase of world’s temperatures is known as global warming. The main cause of global warming is the increasing amounts of carbon dioxide around the earth. Most climatologists believe that the greenhouse effect is the most likely cause of this global warming and they predict that by midway through the next century, temperatures may have risen by as much as 40C. This change of atmosphere will have great effect on human life. It can reduce human ability to grow food, damage wild life. It will raise sea-levels and thereby flood coastal areas and farmlands. We have already got some sign of that. The lower southern part of Bangladesh also may go under water because of the rise of the sea level. Deforestation and pollutants such as methane and chlorofluorocarbons result carbon dioxide gas which is the main culprit of global warming. If we raise social awareness among people and can be careful, we can prevent global warming. Government also should play a strong part regarding this problem. 44. Your Favourite Game / Cricket 

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(a) What is your favorite game? (b) How and where is cricket played? (c) How many types of cricket are there? (d) How is the winner of the match determined? (e) What awards are given to the players? (f) What is the role of cricket in building up friendship and good relationship? (g) What is the importance of playing cricket? Cricket the international outdoor game. It is my favorite sport among all the sports of the world It is considered the most uncertain game. There are lots of people who love the game of cricket. It is very interesting, exciting and calculative. Cricket was not played in all countries in past times. Nowadays it is getting popularity and is played with interest in many countries. In schools, colleges, universities and even in every open place in Bangladesh cricket is played. It is played in a big round field. There is a pitch in the middle of the field. Six stamps are placed with three stamps in both sides of the pitch. Two teams play in a match. Every team consists of eleven players. Each team bats as well as bowls. Bowlers throw the cricket ball to the batsmen who try to score runs. There are fielders who are at the service of stopping the runs. Three umpires, two on the field and the third umpire from outside the field control the match. There are three types of cricket match which are One day, T-20 and Test match. One Day match is played for 50 over, T-20 is for 20 overs and Test match is played normally for five days. World Cup Cricket is the most thrilling tournament of the game which is played in the form of One Day match. The winning team is determined by calculating the runs of both the teams to see that which team has got more runs. So, scoring runs is more important than keeping wickets in hand. Matches can be tied in both form of the game. It happens most in test matches. Cricket can develop friendship and brotherhood among the participants and participating countries. Lots of people watch this game standing or sitting around the field. People come together and can know each other’s culture, ideas and thoughts. I love the game very much which provides me amusement and pleasure which keeps me fresh. 45. Caretaker Government (a) What is Caretaker Government? (b) What is the objective of this system? (c) How does it work? (d) How is it formed to work effectively? (e) Who work effectively for the success of this system? (f) What are the common rules and regulations of this system? (g) How does this system contribute to a successful election? (h) Why is the credibility of this system questioned nowadays? The system of Caretaker Government is an effective attachment to the advanced democratic method in a poor country like Bangladesh. It is a temporary government system where the chief and other members of the government are not directly elected by the people. From the bitter experience of the misuse of ruling parties in point of election procedure and its result, this form of government has come. Basically, the Caretaker Government has the responsibility to present the country a fair and impartial election. This government consists of the chief adviser at its head and not more than ten other advisers. The president appoints the chief adviser among the 

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retired chief justices of Bangladesh retired last. The activities of this government run in the duration between the official conclusion of the previous government and the future government. The duration of the Caretaker Government is three months within which it holds the general election of parliament. In the absence of previously elected prime minister this government will have to maintain the daily activities and to take all necessary measures for a fair election. The non-party Caretaker Government performs the role of an interim or provisional government and will continue its routine work. It ensures that law and discipline situation of the country remain well. It will not take any policy decision except for emergency. This non-party Caretaker Government is duty bound to provide the Election Commission all possible aid and assistance required for holding the general election of members of parliament peacefully, fairly and impartially. The system of Caretaker Government was mainly formed to have a fair and credible election but now-a-days the credibility of this government is also questioned. This trouble occurs for the conspiracy of the political parties since they want to have the Caretaker Government in favour of them. Unfaithful attitude to each other is another reason for breaking the credibility of nonparty Caretaker Government. Now we have a newly formed Caretaker Government under emergency power act. We, the people, now believe this government will prove its credibility soon. 46. A Rainy Day (a) What is a rainy day? (b) What is the feature of a rainy day? (c) What is the condition of surroundings on the day? (d) How is the sky on this day? (e) How does it affect on people’s life? (f) How do you feel on a rainy day? In the rainy season of Bangladesh a rainy day is a frequent happening. It is welcomed after the heat of summer. On a rainy day sometimes it rains cats and dogs and sometimes it drizzles. It rains almost every day. There is hardly any pause in rain. The sky remains cloudy. Due to heavy rain normal life is disrupted. Tanks, ponds, rivers are filled with water and roads go under water. In towns streets go under water for hours even after a shower. The roads and streets become muddy and slippery. The sun is hardly seen and the nature looks dark. People cannot go outside home. An umbrella is a must for anybody to go out. The presence of students in schools and colleges is thin. Service holders can hardly reach in offices on time. As it rains all day, the weather becomes cool and comfortable. People get lazy and like to enjoy the rainy day staying at home. A rainy day brings joyous mood to the young boys of the same age and they are seen to bathe in the rain water with happiness. People like to eat Khichuri. Poor people suffer on a rainy day because they cannot go out to earn their livelihood. I do not feel comfortable on a rainy day. The day is dull and gloomy. I have to face trouble going outside the home. Many important works are hampered by the continuous rain. It is not welcomed all the time by me. But raining at night is nice to me. 47. My First Day at College (a) What do you think of the first day at college? (b) How was your first day at college? (c) How did you start the day? 

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(d) When did the classes break up? (e) What were the classes you attended? My first day at college is a very unique and unforgettable day. It is one of the memorable days in my life. When I recollect the day, plenty of significant memories emerge in my mind. It was the 1 July of 2011. I had been waiting for that day for long. I reached the college at 8 : 00 am. Few students were present in the campus then. They appeared to me to be new comers. I went to the notice board and took down the class routine for the first year classes. I found that our classes were to be held at different rooms. It was at 8: 30 when I entered my first class which was Bangla. I took my seat in the second bench as the first bench was full. None was familiar with me in the class. I spoke little with some of them. Many questions and ideas about college, class, teachers and classmates came to my mind. However, our Bangla teacher entered the class. We all stood up. He asked us to sit down. The learned teacher started his lecture for us. It was an introductory class. He introduced himself to us. We were also asked to tell our names and results of the S.S.C. examination. He gave us the method of learning as well as disciplinary instructions of the college. We returned to our second class in another room which was English. Our English teacher came and gave his lecture in lucid and simple English. We got much advice from him. It was an unforgettable day for me. It will remain fresh in my mind. 48. Pahela Baishakh / Celebrating the first day of Bangla New Year (a) What is Pahela Baishakh? (b) What is the significance of the day? (c) How is the day celebrated? (d) What dress do the men and women wear on the day? (e) What are the programs that are enjoyed throughout the day? (f) How does the day go by? (g) What do you think about the day? With the advent of Bangla New Year, Bangalees start the day with great enthusiasm of Bangla tradition. People enjoy themselves taking part in festivity and different functions. The first of Baishakh brings new aspirations in the life of Bangalees. It reminds us the Bengali tradition, culture, custom and belief. We are always prepared for celebrating the day. Early in the morning men, women, young boys and girls dress well. Men wear colorful Punjabi and women wear saris with red and white color. People living in Dhaka city prefer to go around Ramna where most of the attracting functions are held. People outside Dhaka city also enjoy the day respectively in their favourite places throughout the country. People involved in various cultural activities arrange different functions. They start singing to welcome the sun of New Year. People gather to enjoy the functions. Baishakhi Mela is also held in different places in the whole country throughout the day. Children find the boy as a source of entertainment. They enjoy the Mela very much and buy different toys and food items. People take traditional Bengali food like Panta, Hilsha and green chilli. People also go out in the company of nearer or dearer ones. They also entertain their guests with Bengali food. The shopkeepers hold halkhata to keep their accounts. They hold it to get dues from the customers but even the shopkeepers do not forget to entertain their customers with sweets and refreshments. The day comes with joy and goes with lots of joyous moments in our mind. It seems very significant to me. It inspires us to keep 

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our tradition alive. It also forbids us to forget our own culture and belief which are prevalent in our society for a long period of time. 49. Air Pollution (a) What is the immediate effect of air pollution? (b) How is the air polluted? (c) What are the sources of air pollution? (d) How do people pollute the air? (e) What is the necessity of keeping the air fresh? (f) What is about the air pollution condition in Dhaka city? Air pollution is threatening the very existence of animals on earth. No animal can live without air. From air we get oxygen which is a must for every living being. The other elements of air like hydrogen, carbon dioxide are also essential for living. But carbon dioxide and hydrogen should exist in the air up to the required level. If the presence of these elements is disproportionate it can be called air pollution. Humans are destroying forests and cutting trees all over. The forests and tree are supplying oxygen which is an inevitable part of life. Presence of oxygen is decreasing in the air with the deforestation all over the world. As a result, carbon dioxide is increasing. Global warming is the direct effect of such increase of carbon dioxide in the air. Men create fire for their various purposes and it makes smoke which pollutes the air indiscriminately. Air pollution occurs mainly from smoke. Industries create smoke for their production oriented purpose and pollute air most. Human beings are not getting the adequate supply of fresh oxygen from the air. Industries and motor vehicles in Dhaka city emit huge amount of smoke. People are being deprived of fresh oxygen. They are suffering from various respiratory diseases. The amount of trees in the city is very insufficient. There should be plenty of trees in the open spaces and beside the roads to make the air fresh. It will be very difficult as well as impossible for us to live without fresh oxygen in the air. It is our duty to keep the air free from pollution. 50. Self-employment (a) What is self employment? (b) How can one be self-employed? (c) Why should one be self-employed? (d) What are the programmes that help people to be self-employed? (e) What sort of training that people can receive to be self-employed? (f) How does self-employment improve the condition of unemployed people? (g) How does self-employment contribute to economy? Self-employment refers to work and earn through one’s own business. It is the best key to success. One can manage to turn the wheels of fortune through hard work and devotion. An unemployed person even coming from impoverished family can be selfemployed through the self-help. Through knowledge, hard work and perseverance he can bring success to his life. It is not essential that everyone should work depending on others business. Even everyone cannot work under other’s supervision. Some people should take initiatives to take responsibility of commencing a new business. There are a number of programmes working behind the spirit of self-employment. These programmes provide necessary training to the unemployed people to use their existing resources as a source of their employment. In addition to providing credit to the poor, some institutions emphasize the need to develop skills and raise 

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consciousness among rural people. This awareness can inspire people to be selfreliant rather than dependent on others. Unemployed people can receive training on food cultivation, food cooking, flower cultivation, food and flower selling, raising hibreed cows for milk. Through cultivating vegetables or preparing different items of food one can earn a lot by selling them in the market. Flower businesses increases the number of self-employed persons. Many unemployed people get success by raising cows for milk. The knowledge of sewing makes a lot of women self-employed. Selfemployed person not only earns livelihood but also establishes an honorable position in the society. It reduces poverty and creates the opportunity for unemployed people to work. And it contributes to the socio-economic development of a country. 51. Water Pollution (a) What is the importance of water? (b) How can water be polluted? (c) Why should we drink pure water? (d) What will be the effect of water pollution? (e) Why should we avoid drinking polluted water? (f) Why aren’t people getting pure water? (g) How can water pollution be prevented? Water, another name of life, is essential for human and plant life. It is impossible to find any life without the existence of water. Next to air, water is an important element of the human environment. Water pollution refers to when the water is polluted by different activities which are harmful to water. Water can be polluted in many ways. Men throw wastages into the water. Farmers use pesticides and chemicals. They get mixed with river water, canal water and pond water. Mills and factories pollute water by throwing the waste materials and unsold products into the rivers and canals. Steamers, launches, sailing boats pollute water by throwing oil, food waste and human waste into the water. Unsanitary latrines standing on the banks of rivers also pollute water. As a result of these contaminations there is a shortage of pure drinking water. Different water creatures including fish are losing their living places. The whole environment is being affected by the polluted water. Pure and clean water is safe for use. Polluted water is harmful for life. Human beings can suffer from water borne diseases by using polluted water. Men can avoid many diseases by only using clean water. For the lack of pure drinking water in rivers, canals, ponds, we depend more on underground water to have the supply of drinking and usable water. So, the level of underground water is getting low. It is becoming difficult to get pure drinking water. It is time we took initiatives to prevent water pollution so that we can have pure water in future. People should be conscious of the importance of pure water. People should not be allowed to pollute water in farming, in using water vehicles, in using unsanitary latrines, in manufacturing products in mills and factories. Proper use of our water can reduce the degree of water pollution. 52. Poverty Alleviation in Bangladesh (a) Why should we alleviate poverty? (b) How can we alleviate poverty? (c) How is food habit related to the poverty alleviation? (d) What is the importance of non-agro based economy? 

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(e) How can poor people alleviate poverty? (f) What steps can be taken to overcome population problem ? To alleviate poverty the first step can be the diversification of economy. Bangladesh is an over populated and poor country where economy plays a vital role. Our economy is an agro-based economy. It is necessary to diversify our agricultural output. At the same time we have to change our food habits. Rice is our main food. But side by side with rice we have to develop the habit of eating potatoes and wheat to take the excessive pressure off rice. In most of developed countries, people eat either wheat or potatoes as their main food. We have to produce to meet the demand of wheat and potatoes which are very healthy and delicious food. We can also save huge amount of money which we spend every year on the import of rice. We have to go for non-agricultural diversification by setting up industries which are not harmful to environment. Since labour is very cheap in our country, we can move into labour intensive industries. Our country lacks high technology. We can move into secondary technology which is labour intensive. We find a booming garments industry in our country. Manufacturing basic electrical parts could be another such industry. Different institutions can provide necessary financial and technical help to the poor people so that they can contribute to their family as well as to the economy. If people become self-employed the poverty can easily be alleviated. Population control is a must and different positive measures can be offered for small planned families. To face up to the natural calamities is another major step. As we cannot stop excessive rainfall, cyclones, flood, drought, etc. we have to take initiatives to stop their destructive and fatal effects. It is not impossible to alleviate poverty if we execute our duty with courage and integrity. 53. A Cyber Cafe (a) What is a cyber cafe? (b) How is a cyber cafe? (c) Why do people use the cyber cafe? (d) What importance do the cyber cafes have? (e) How can cyber cafes benefit people? (f) What is the condition of cyber cafes? (g) What are the good and bad sides of cyber cafes? (h) How should cyber cafes be to improve quality? A cyber cafe is a sort of popular place for young boys and girls where a number of computers connected to internet are placed to use for different purposes. Computers are decorated in such a way that each user can use the computer separately. It is not possible for everyone to own his/ her personal computer. At the same time they can use computer and they need computer for their daily use. They need to use internet and so they move into cyber cafes to fulfill this demand. Those who have computers without internet connection go to the cyber cafes. People are habituated to be in touch with technologies. Computer is an indispensable machine for our daily use we cannot do without using computer. Cyber cafes are providing opportunities for everyone to use the computer at reasonable price. People have relations worldwide today. They need to communicate. Communication is necessary in terms of personal cause, business cause or even national cause. Cyber cafes facilitate the using of internet to the general people. People can learn how to use internet going to the cyber cafes. A Cyber cafe should be more facilitating and effective so that all classes of people can 

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get benefit from them. Some of the cafes are not upto the mark for the users. They have either space problem or technical problem such as low speed of internet. Sometimes cyber cafes are used for evil purposes anonymously which is unexpected to the society. These cafes are used normally for communication, education, information, news, history, culture, etc. Nowadays cyber cafes are getting popularity for their better services and it is hoped that they continue improving to cope up with the present electronic world. 54. Social Value (a) What is social value? (b) How were the social values in the past? (c) How are they now? (d) What are the causes of present social values now? (e) What are the effects of social values in the present? (f) How should social values be preserved? Social value refers to norms or forms of behaviour that are widely acceptable and admirable in the society. It refers also to the lífe style that people think that they should adopt. In the past, honesty, sincerity, truthfulness, piety, fellow-feeling etc. were considered to be social values. Adopting unfairmeans in any walk of life was regarded as evil. People tried to keep themselves away from all sorts of malpractices and misdeeds. 'Honesty is the best policy' —This was the motto of people in general. The miscreants were in great disrepute in the society. They were hated by all and sundry. But it is a pity, those social values are interpreted now the other way round. Now, the criminals are honoured as heroes of the society. People feel frightened to speak against their evil deeds. The causes of the present social values are materialistic attitude of people in general. With a few exceptions, people now run after name, fame and fortune without giving any thought to right or wrong, good or evil, moral or immoral. The effects of social values in the present age are deplorable. The noble qualities are now in exile. Honest people are now pushed to the wall. The wrong doers are now held in high esteem because of theír post, power and position. Social values which were honoured and harboured by people in the past should be preserved by way of raising awareness in people . 55. The Necessity of Learning English (a) Why is English called an international language? (b) Why should we learn English? (c) What do you think about the necessity of grammar in English? (d) How does your English textbook help you learn English? English is called an International language because in almost all countries there are people who can speak English. No other language than English serves the purpose of a common language through which people can communicate with one another for trade and commerce, science and education, art and literature. We should learn English for a great variety of purposes. We need English to get good job, to go abroad, to pursue higher studies on science and technology and medicine. English is a skill based subject. We should, therefore, learn the four skills of listening, speaking, reading and writing. The communicative approach to learning English does not require one to know or learn definitions of grammar itéms. Traditional grammar has 

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little or no place in learning English through the communicative approach. That does not imply that one can do without grammar in learning a second or foreign language. How can we use a language without knowing the different ways in which words can be grouped together to form structures etc.? My English textbook helps me a lot in learning English. The book is written in accordance with the principles of communicative approach. And each of the units of the book ‘English for Today’ for class XI is followed by ample exercises for revision and reinforcement work. The book is very helpful for me to learn English. 56. Environment Pollution (a) What is environmental pollution? (b) What are the causes of environmental pollution? (c) What are the dangers of environmental pollution? (d) What measures should be taken to control environmental pollution? (e) What measures have been taken by our government in this respect? Environmental pollution has become a serious problem in our countiy. There are many sources of pollution. First, environmental pollution may take place through air pollution. Air pollution is seriously harmful for people. Smoke and fumes of vehicles and indústries are basically responsible for the pollution. Wàter pollution is another reason for environmental pollution. The indiscriminate use of pond and river wàter by a great number of people makes ít polluted. Besides the wastes of mills, factories, household waste are thrown in the wàter. Sometimes, ship bearing different kinds of chemicals face accident. So the chemicals in the ship get mixed with sea wàter and thus the sea wàter is seriously polluted. There is another pollution named sound pollution. Sound pollution is extremely harmful for our hearing and brain. Medical specialists say that sound pollution may damage one's hearing. This increasing pollution alarms us and sets us thinking. Things cannot go as they do now. We should use environment-friendly vehicles. Our government has already taken some revolutionary steps to stop pollution. Govt. has already banned the use of polybag. We can keep our environment free from pollution by controling all kinds of pollution and creating awareness about it among the people. 57. Personality (My Favourite English Teacher) (a) Who is your favourite personality? (b) How does he present himself in front of you? (c) What are his other qualities? (d) Is he able to attract others? How? The personality of a teacher attracts most as he is a builder of the nation. My favourite teacher is our English teacher Mr. Rahman. He is an M A in English Literature. He presents his lessons in a different form than the others. He makes the classes enjoyable to us. He follows the communicative method in which the interaction between the teacher and the students is compulsory. He always encourages the slow students to take part in the classroom activïties so that they can develop their speaking skill. He behaves very beautifully and mildly with the students. He is very friendly with us. He never rebukes or punishes anybody. Of course he is interested in cocurricular activities. Usually he organises the yearly cultural week of our college. He also plays a vital role in other extra curricular activities. He has an amiable and charming personality which makes every student respect him. 

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58. Environment (a) What is environment? (b) What are the elements of environment? (c) How is it getting polluted? (d) How can we prevent environmental pollution? (e) What should be the roles of our government regarding this? All we see around us are the elements of environment. However, air. wàter and soil are some of the main elements. But they often pose to be a threat to our life, particularly when they get polluted. They are polluted in many ways. Smoke is usually responsible for air pollution to create health hazard. It mixes with air and pollutes it. Man makes fire to cook food, to make bricks, to burn refuse and to melt pitch. Fire creates smoke and smoke pollutes air. And wàter is polluted through waste, insecticides and chemical fertilisers, oil etc. Trees are also a useful element of environment. Environmental pollution gives rise to ecological imbalance and brings about natural disasters. We should adopt measures to save environment. We should plant trees and work for afforestation. They cause rain and save the air from pollution, soil from erosion. People should be made aware of the importance of using sanitary latrine so that the pond wàter and river water remain puré. Government should also take steps to remove the factors that cause environment pollution. 59. Greenhouse Effect (a) What is greenhouse effect? (b) How does it affect our environment? (c) What are the causes of greenhouse effect? (d) What kind of harmful impact does it have on our life and environment? (e) What should we do to defend us against the greenhouse effect? The rise in atmospheric temperature is known as the greenhouse effect. The carbon di-oxide is primarily responsible for temperature rise in atmosphere. The carbon dioxide is given off when coal and oil are burnt. As a result, the içe covering the North and South poles is melting and may eventually lead to a rise in sea levels whicn can flood many areas of the world. Scientists have already given warning that some parts of coastal countries including 'Bangladesh may go undèr wàter due to greenhouse effect. The total àrea of deserts is increasing every year. Many species of animals and plants are endangered with the threat of extinction. Natural disasters like floods, cyclones, storms, drought and famine are the effects of it. The people in the developing countries are adversely affected. Cutting down of forests indiscriminately is the main culprit for global warming. Tree plantation program should be adopted soon. Steps should be taken to put an end to the causes and sources of emitting carbon dioxide. These are the measures we can take with a view to preventing global warming. 60. Deforestation (a) What is deforestation? (b) How is it caused? (c) What are the impacts of deforestation upon atmosphere? (d) What do climatologists say about it? (e) How can you prevent deforestation? 

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Trees play an Important role in maintaining ecological balance. Trees produce oxygen, which is necessary for us to survive and which take away carbon dioxide. It gives shade and makes the environment cool. Trees are necessary for healthy living. It also saves us from natural calamities. But many trees are being cut down every year. This is called deforestation. This is a problem haunting the whole world. According to the ecologists, for liveable environment, there should be 25% land of the total land àrea. In Bangladesh, there is 16% forest of the total land. In índia, there is 13% forest of the total land. To meet up the bàsic needs of food and housing man is destroying forest without caring for the ecological balance. Green patches of land are no morè green. New areas of the world are becoming deserts as an immediate effect of deforestation. In absence of trees carbon dioxide is increasing worldwide. As a result, there is a global warming. The sea level is rising. Any time in future the earth may be engulfed by seas. Government should impose new rules to prevent deforestation as well as make people informed about the danger of it. Last but not the least, trees should be planted in plenty and those that were planted before should be preserved. 61. Dangers of Smoking (a) What do you mean by smoking? (b) How does it harm our health? (c) Does a non-smoker face any problem by the smokers? (d) What are the diseases caused by smoking? (e) What should we do to stop smoking? The word ‘smoking’ means drawing in and exhaling smoke from a cigarette, cigar, or pipe. It is undoubtedly a bad habit. It is harmful for all generations both physically and financially. A smoker does harm himself as welll as others. He has to spend an amount for smoking which is nothing but wastage of money. The dangers of smoking are uncountable. It gives rise to various serious diseases. It may cause cancer, bronchitis and many other brain, respiratory and lung diseases. Our young generation is the worst victim of it. They are addicted to smoking. Not only that, a non-smoker who breathes the fume of cigarette is at the risk of being affected with hypertension. One puff of cigarette smoke contains nicotin that may cause the above stated diseases. So a smoker always causes a serious harm to a non-smoker. So, for the well being of all, a smoker should give up smoking. His determination can make him stop smoking. In this regard, he can give up this bad habit on the occasion of his birthday or on the birthday of his near and dear ones. One can protect oneself from smoking through avoiding one’s smoker friends. Massive campaign should be made to stop smoking. Smokers must be made aware of the bad effects so as to give up smoking. It is heartening to note that the government has already taken steps to ban smoking in public places. 62. A Journey by Train (a) Have you ever made any journey by train? (b) When did you do it? (c) Where did you go? (d)How did you enjoy the journey? (e) What did you see? The word ‘journey’ means the act of traveling from one place to another. It is an enjoyable experience for almost all. A journey by train is also no exception. Once I decided to make a journey by train to Chittagong. I took preparation for it. It was 

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decided that I would make this journey to the village home of a friend. We were four in number and it was a six hour-journey. We started at about nine in the morning from the Kamalapur Railway Station. The railway compartment was very crowded and noisy. I took a corner seat and looked out of the window. After sometime the train started to move. Soon we left behind the platform, the familiar houses, shops and offices. The train was passing through small villages and corn fields. In fifteen minutes we crossed the first bridge. As the train passed over the bridge, a booming sound was produced. Inside the train some unusual things happened. There was a good deal of noise. The people were talking and the hawkers selling their goods. A pick-pocket was caught red handed and was handed over to the railway police. Outside, there were beautiful natural beauties all around. The train was moving at a great speed. The trees and houses seemed to run back. We saw the various natural sights. Finally, we reached the destination. We got down and reached the house of our friend by rickshaw. 63. Load Shedding (a) What is load shedding? (b)When and why does it occur? (c)How does it affect the students? (d)What is its effect on the industrial sector? (e)How can we minimize load shedding? (f)What should the govt. do to stop load shedding? Load shedding means discontinuation of supply of electricity. Load shedding occurs when generation of power is less than the demand and also for unplanned distribution of electricity. It affects the students much. Their sufferings due to load shedding beggar description. Due to load shedding the running mills, factories and industries come to a stand still. Failure of electricity hampers productivity. We can minimize load shedding establishihg more power plants and power houses. Unplanned distribution of electricity should be stopped at any cost . Well planned supply of electricity should be ensured. System loss should be reduced. Illigal connection should be stopped. This problem can be solved by being conscious in using electricity. The govt. should take necessary steps to reduce load shedding. More power stations should be established throughout the country. 64. Childhood Memories (a) Can you remember the days when you were a child? (b) Where did you pass your childhood? (c) Do you remember your fírst school? How were the teachers like? And your classmates? (d) What type of a child were you? (e) What sweet memories of your early life do you have? (f) Do you have any bitter experiences? (g) How do you feel when you have recollections of your childhood days? Man is fond of turning back from the present to the past again and again. The present may be good but the past is golden. Nothing is more pleasant to him than memories of his childhood. The memories of my childhood haunts me like a passion. Whenever I am sick of the present, I try to get relief in the past days of my childhood. A man can not remember everything that happened in his childhood. But certain events are stored 

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in the sub-conscious mind. They sometimes peep through minds eye. I spent my childhood in my naitve village. When I was six, my father got me admitted into our village primary school where I spent four years. On the first day when I went to the school with my father the children were enjoying here and there in the compound. I was very much anxious whether the students and teachers would accept me cordially or not. But the warmth with which my classmates received me dispelled all my fears. My heart began to beat fast when I was taken to the Headmaster but his smiling face and gentle words put me at ease. The teachers-were very helpful. From the very childhood I was extrovert. So I could easily cope with all types of situation. I have so many sweet memories in my early life. My playground was the bank of the mighty Teesta. In all the seasons this river had great attraction for me. Whenever I was not at home, I could be found on its bank. I was very fond of stealing mangoes, liches, black berries and other fruits in the company of friends in summer. Sometimes we would forget to eat our midday meals. Another interesting memory is the village hat. The hat used to sit twice a weak near a river. I usually went there with some other children. But happy days did not last long. My father got an appointment in a town school and moved there immediately with all the members of the family. The leaving of my native village is the bitterest experience of my life. Though I am now a youngman, I still cherish the sweet memories of my happy childhood days spent in the charming environment of my village. 65. College Canteen (a) What is a canteen ? (b) What is your idea about your college canteen ? (c) What are available in your college canteen ? (d) What is the benefït of a college canteen ? (e) How much do you like your college canteen and why ? A college canteen is a place where the students, teachers, employees and guests can take light snackes. It is a favourite place for the students of our college. It is located in one corner in the ground floor of our colllege building. There are many tables and chairs in the canteen arranged in an orderly way. In one corner of the large room, there is a counter. The manager sits behind the counter. The assistants stand in front of the counter and serve snacks and drinks wanted by the students. Different kinds of food are available in the canteen such as singara, chops, eggs,samucha, sweets etc. All these things are tastey. Prices of these things are much cheaper than in the market outside. During the breaks, the canteen becomes overcrowded. Most of the students come to have their tiffin at this time. But some of the students come here to gossip and pass their time discussing fashion, politics, personal affairs etc. Thus they remove their tiredness and gain energy. So, it is very favourite for the students. 66. Tratfic Jam (a) What is traffic jam ? (b) How is traffïc jam created ? (c) How does it affect the people of the city ? (d) What are the ways to solve this problem ? (e) What is your opinion about traffic jam and its future in Bangladesh ? Traffic jam means the blockage of a road by excessive number of vehicles for a long time. It is a common affair in our big cities and towns. It is one of the major problems of Bangladesh. Mainly this problem is seen in Dhaka city. Everyday in the city people 

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have to face this unbearable problem. The density of population is the main cause of traffic jam. Day by day this problem is becoming more dangerous. The rapid increasing of the number of buses, trucks, auto rickshaws, rickshaws is also responsible for this problem. Moreover, the traffic control system is not developed in our country. As a result, this has come to the position of explosion. Besides, overtaking tendency also causes traffic jam. The number of traffic police is insufficient. Most often traffic jam occurs at office time and also at the time when the offices break. It kills our valuable time and our work is hampered. It causes great sufferings to the ambulance carrying dying patients. This problem can be removed by adopting some measures. For this reason, we have to construct spacious roads. Traffic rules should be imposed strictly. Sufficient traffic police should be posted in the important points. If the government takes proper steps, we can hope to have a better and safer transport and traffic system. For our easy and comfortable movement, we should also be aware of this problem. 67. My Neighbours (a) Who are called neighbours ? (b) Who are your good neighbours ? (c) What do you do for your neighbours ? (d) What do your neighbours do for you ? (e) Why are good neighbours necessary for your life ? The word ‘neighbour’ means one who lives near or next to another. In other word, neighbours are those persons who live around a famly in the same locality. A man's neighbours influence greatly his peace, comfort and welfare. Thus good neighbours are a blessing to him. Our neighbours come from a cross-section of people. Some of them are service-holders. Some are business men, some are professional persons like doctors, lawyers and journalists. Our neighbours maintain good relations with one another. Most of them have the qualities of a good neighbour. They are very friendly to us. There is always a feeling of great understanding and sympathy among us. We always meet and help each other in times of need. As long as we are here, our relationship with the people of the locality are marked by good neighbourliness. All my neighbours are morè or less educated. Quarrels or misunderstanding between the neighbours are almost non-existent. The housewives visit one another all the time. We all live almost like in one family. The whole neighbourhood is marked by perfect peace and amity. I consider myself very fortunate to have the opportunity of living in a locality with such wonderful neighbours. 68. A Village Fair (a) What is a village fair? (b) What are its specialities? (c) What do the children do in the village fair? (d) Why do the people come to a village fair? (e) Does the village fair offer any entertainments? (f) What is the impact of the village fair on the villagers? The word ‘fair’ means a gathering held at a specified time and place for buying and selling of goods. A village fair is usually a temporary gathering under a big banyan tree or on the bank of a river. It is held once or twice a year and lasts for a day or two 

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or may be extended upto a week. Children go to the fair in a group wearing colourful dresses. They move hither and thither, feel charmed with colourful things, buy toys, whistles and flute, enjoy puppet and circus shows. People gather there for selling and buying commodities and for amusement. It provides circus and puppet show, music and acting for entertainment. These are the specialties of a village fair. Besides, it makes available those essential commodities which are not found in the village market or hat. It has a great impact upon the villagers. It breaks monotony of the villagers, boost up their economic activities and energise them with a great deal of zeal and enthusiasm. 69. A Day Labourer (a) Who is a day labourer? (b) What kinds of works does he do? (c) What kinds of live does he live? (d) When he is demanded most? (e) Should we do something to raise their condition? A day labourer is a person who does heavy works throughout the day and gets his wages at the end of the day. He renders manual labour and so has to be healthy, strong and stout. A day-labourer is usually employed in agricultural fields or construction work. He works there from dawn to dusk. If he can get any work to do, he gets money to feed the mouths dependent on him. If he fails to do any work, he has to remain unfed with the members of his family. During the sowing and harvesting season he is in great demand. Since he has many children, they often suffer from vairous diseases and malnutrition. We should have soft feeling for them and do whatever we can to raise their standard of living. 70. Necessity of Education (a) What is education? (b) What is its aim? (c) How is an illiterate person burden to a society? (d) What do you think about the necessity of education? (e) Can education really remove the darkness of ignorance? (f) How does education promote understanding among people? (g) How can education contribute towards change for the better? (h) How is education the backbone of a country? Education is the backbone of a nation. It is a formal process of institutional learning. Education is very much essential for the development of mind, soul and general outlook of a person. It also helps to broaden the mentality and intellectuality of human being, and also builds the personalities of a person to make his worth of meeting challenges. Obviously, education removes the darkness of ignorance. An illiterate person is unable to gain bookish knowledge from different sources what an educated person can do. An ignorant person is always considered a burden to a society. He cannot make a right choice, right decision in his own life. He does not acquire the abilities to earn enough for his living. He always takes help of others to do any kind of tasks. Other people have to give him a sense of direction and purpose. Thus he depends on others in every matter. Because of his ignorance he can never become resourceful. On the other hand the door of knowledge is open to an educated person. Actually education promotes our personality; it teaches us patience and universal brotherhood. It also provides us with the knowledge of health, sanitation 

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and population control. It enhances our ability to raise crops, increase industrial production, store food, protect the environment and carry out social responsibilities. We become conscious of our duties and responsibilities to our family as well as to our society through it. Education is a medium, which ennobles our mind and uplifts our senses. It brings national prosperity. It makes the people responsible citizen. The students of a country have many duties to perform. They are the future leaders of a country. A nation can achieve prosperity if the people of that country are educated. With this broaden perspectives, we can go towards change for the better through education which can always train us for the best. But we have to be more conscious of getting proper education and we should give highest importance on proper education. At present science, modern technology and computer education are playing the role of rudder for the development of any nation. But none of these is ever possible without education. So the nation will never see the light of prosperity without education. Agriculture will lag behind for the old system of cultivation. No national business and international trade will be possible to ensure the progress of nation without education. Thus it is only education through which a nation can reach at the highest point of prosperity. 71. Satellite TV Channels (a) What do you understand by Satellite TV Channels? (b) What are the functions of satellite TV channels? (c) Do you think that satellite channels cause cultural decay as moral degeneration and have bad influence on our society? (d) What programmes do you expect from satellite channel to enrich our national culture? (e) Can you make any suggestion regarding the positive use of the satellite T.V. channel? Satellites are the artificial objects or machines that are put in orbit round the earth. They relay back radio and TV signals, which are used by different channels to telecast their programmes to the earth. These satellite channels have brought a great change in the world of education and entertainment of the people. The main functions of the satellite channels are to telecast different types of programmes through air. The popular channels telecast many interesting programmes. They telecast musical performance, dance, drama, film show and so on. People can also watch other channels like Discovery channel, Geography channel, etc. Some channels telecast live shows and commercial series. The most watched ones are Ten sports, Star sports and ESPN. Both children and old people are fond of the channels that telecast cartoon films. BBC and CNN are very prominent news channels. Though the channels have contributed a lot in educating and entertaining the people, some channels telecast programmes and movies of violent nature. They also show obscene music and films. These channels cause cultural decay and moral degradation. These adversely affect the children and particularly the young generation because some ugly parts of western culture have encroached us to our own culture. There should be a government committee to enforce a policy regarding which channels can be permitted or to be censored. And this is how the satellite TV channels can be made to play a positive role and our national culture can be enriched. 72. Globalisation 

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(a) What is globalisation? (b) How does the process contribute to the international relations? (c) Why are the countries like families in a village? (d) How does the technology help the globalisation? (e) How can the process be a disadvantage for poor countries? (f) What are developed countries doing in point of globalisation? (g) How can we get benefit from globalisation? Globalisation is a process of expanding trade and commerce all over the world by creating a borderless market. It contributes to the development of international relations. The world has come closer with the development of hi-tech communication media and rapid transportation facilities. People can learn in an instant what is happening in the farthest corner of the world. They can travel to any country in the shortest possible time. Countries of the world are like families in a village. They can share their sorrows and joys like next door neighbors. One country can easily assist another country in its distress. The strong technological foundation has created globalisation more effective. Worldwide money transfer, transaction of businesses and the exchange of information have made the international relationship closer and easier. People can sell and buy goods through the electronic screen. But taking the advantage of globalisation, capitalism creates more opportunities for capitalist countries. In the name of help and co-operation, the developed countries exploit the developing and poorer countries. The process paves the way for a lasting poverty. It is making a huge difference between the developed and poor countries. If we can build up an atmosphere of mutual understanding and co-operation through globalisation process, our world can certainly be a better place to live in. 73. Leisure/Pastimes (a) What is your notion about leisure? (b) How do rural and urban people enjoy their leisure? (c) What are the common and popular leisure activities in our country? (d) Can leisure activities sooth our minds? (e) Do you think leisures are integral parts of our life? (f) How can leisure play a key role in the field of entertainment? (g) What is your favourite pastime? How do you enjoy it? Leisure is the time when a man has no work to do, when he is his own master and can arrange his work at his own will. And pastime is the thing that we do during our leisure. Village people spend their leisure by flying kites, fishing, swimming, gossiping and by engaging themselves in productive work such as gardening and farmíng. City people spend their leisure by playing, visiting different historical places, enjoying shows and exhibitions, going out for a picnic, reading books, watching TV and using computers. The common sports are football, cricket, chess etc. The common pastimes are gossiping, reading newspapers and watching TV programmes. In late winter people enjoy various kinds of games like badminton, volley-ball, dariabandha and ha-du-du. I think travelling is an expensive kind of pastime although it increases one's knowledge and gives one some enjoyment by refreshing one's mind through visiting many different places. I also have several pastimes but my favourite is reading books. I read all kinds of books. I read novels, fictions, adventures, fairy tales, comics on the availability of the book and my mood. Reading books gives me immense pleasure as well as knowledge. It also strengthens my language and 

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sharpens my perceptions. It has many virtues and almost no vices. The only vice I find in reading books is, I often loss myself in the book. I sometimes become so engrossed and entangled in the book that I often loss track of time. People often criticise me and call me book worm. But I seldom mind it because I know what a time I have when I read books! I read books only when I am free. I do not hamper my studies with my reading books. I am contented to have this hobby. 74. My Family (a) What is a family? (b) What are the two types of family? (c) What type of family do you have? (d) What are the advantages and disadvantages of these type? (e) Do you like this type of family? If not, why? (f) Who are the members of your family? (f) What do your family members do? (g) Who manages the affairs of your family? A family is an organisation where parents, children and /or others live? The two types of family are - extended and nuclear family. I live in an extended family. My parents, brothers and sisters, paternal grandparents, uncles, aunties and cousins live in the same family. It is a large family of twenty members. Our grandfather is the virtual leader of this large family. Whoever does anything, he seeks the consent from him. Nobody takes heart to do anything that may displease him. The holding of our house belongs to him. He has allotted each of his sons and daughters a separate flat to live in. But our kitchen is common and we take our meals from a common dinning hall. My grandfather is now a retired person. His function is now to oversee the family, perform religious rites and social duties. My father and one of my uncles are employees in the government offices. My youngest uncle and auntie are still the students of a university. Two of my aunties are married off. They sometimes come to visit us. Our joy knows no bounds at their arrival at our home. My father and elder uncle contribute an amount of money to my grandfather for the maintenance of the family. We are generally at good terms with our cousins. We feel for one another. Sometimes we pick quarrel with one another but that cannot reach to the stage of spite because of the interference of our guardians. We enjoy much at any familial program. All the members of our large family act like the limbs of a body. There are much fun and pleasure in such a program. Nobody in our family feels lonely and helpless. The senior in every sphere of life always helps the juniors. The juniors are always afraid of the senior lest they should trespass the limit of decorum. The junior of our family cannot go astray as they are round the clock guarded by the vigilance of the senior. At the same time the seniors are the defense for the junior against any kind of social attack. Nobody in our area dares to touch us because of our strong family background. They fear of facing a fierce reprisal in that case. Our aunties and cousins share household chores. Both happiness and sorrow are also shared. It is true that sometimes there is jealousy between our aunties and cousins. But instead of deterioration, that acts as a spur for our competitive development. We are sometimes disturbed by the excessive visits of the guests. There is also hue and cry in our family. But we are adjusted to all these disturbances. It rather bears the testimony of our forbearance and liveliness. So in my opinion, ours is a happy family. A nuclear family 

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may have some advantages but in an extended family like ours, advantages much outdo the disadvantages. We are grateful to Allah for our being born in such a family. 75. Your Favorite Person (a) What is the name of your favorite person? (b) Why is he your favorite person? (c) What do you know about him? (d) Why is he famous? (e) What is his contribution in the world? Among all the people I have come across Amartya Sen is the most favourite to me. He is the first Asian to win the Nobel Prize in Economics. He was born on November 3,1933. Dr. A.T. Sen is his father and Amita Sen is his mother. He was born at Gurupalli in Santiniketon. He was born in a mud-walled house of straw-roof. He was named by Rabindranath Tagore when he came to see the baby. He spent most of his childhood in Santiniketon. His father travelled Burma (present Myanmer), Bangladesh and Kolkata and had to stay in these places for some years. So, Amartya Sen had the chance to live in these places. In his boyhood he was attacked with malignant malaria. When he took part in Matriculation i. e. Entrance Examination, he was seriously ill. In spite of that, he got star marks. He was a brilliant student. Mr. Sen had a strange eating habit in his very boyhood. He often quarreled with his sister over milk-butter. He was very much interested in storybooks. Not only that he loved to hear fairy tales from his grandmother in a dark room. Besides, he had a great interest in gossiping, cycling and traveling. He also published newspaper. He took active part in dramas. He was a good actor, too. He had a great interest in photography and music. Still he is interested in all these branches of learning. So, he is a man of versatile virtues and qualities. I like him not only for the Nobel Prize but also for his interesting personality and manifold knowledge. So, to me he is the most favorite person with whom I have ever met. 76. Introduction of Bangladesh (to a Foreigner) (a) Where is Bangladesh located? (b) What is the historical background of Bangladesh? (c) What is the political system of the country? (d) How is the natural feature of Bangladesh? (e) What do you know about the culture of Bangladesh? Bangladesh is an independent country of South Asia. It is bordered by India on the east, west and north and by the Bay of Bengal and Myanmar on the south. Historically, Bangladesh was a part of British India for about two hundred years. It achieved independence from Britain in 1947 and from Pakistan in 1971. Bangladesh has distinctive landmass and nature. It is a land of scenic beauty with temperate climate. It is a vast plain land with some hilly areas in the east and southeast. It is the largest delta in the world. It is a reverine country with hundreds of river criss-crossed all over. 'Cox’s Bazar', the largest natural sea-beach of the world, is situated here. The largest mangrove forest of the world 'The Sunderbans' are also located here. The country has six seasons with their distinctive natural features. Natural calamities like flood and cyclone visit this country occasionally. Linguistically most of the people 

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speak in Bangla, which is the state language. English is also widely used as the second language. A small section of people also speak in different tribal languages. Anthropologically, most of the people are the Bangalees. There are also a few small tribes of which the Chakmas are the main. In respect of religious faith, the majority of the people are the Muslims followed by the Hindus and a small number of the Buddhists and the Christians. But there is communal harmony in the country. Regarding political system, Bangladesh is a republic. Parliamentary democracy is prevailing here. About attire, there are a variety of dresses worn by the Bangladeshis. Generally, men wear Lungi, Pant, Pajama, Punjabi and Shirt. Women wear Shari and Shalwar-Kamiz. The Tribal people also use a variety of indigenous dresses. Regarding food habit, the rice, the fish and the vegetables are the staple food of the people. In terms of celebration, there are many national, religious and traditional programs and festivals, which the people celebrate throughout the year. The Eid-ulFitr and Eid-ul-Azha of the Muslims and the Durga puza of the Hindus are the main religious festivals. The Baishakhi Mela or the Bengali New Year festival is celebrated by all people irrespective of their religious differences. The month of February has turned here to be a month of Book Fair with a festive mood. We feel proud of our beautiful country and her amiable people.

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Board Questions – 2003-2012

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DHAKA BOARD-2012 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER

Part A: Seen Comprehension

Read the passage below and answer questions 1−4. How safe will the buildings in the city of Dhaka be in the event of an earthquake? Experts give no straight answer to this question, but call for taking adequate precautions to minimize losses. That Bangladesh lies in the active earthquake zone is not unknown to Bangladeshis. Alarmed by the recurrence of quakes during recent years, experts have called for the development of an earthquake resistant building code that all buildings should follow as mandatory. There are two schools of experts regarding earthquakes. One school comprising of engineers and geologists is of the view that the recurrence of quakes in recent years should be taken as a signal for a major earthquake. Another school comprising of similar categories of experts, however, believes that the concern should not be amplified, because although there are a number of fault lines in the geographical area comprising Bangladesh, none of rem is active enough to pose a major threat. Yet none of the school rules out the possibility of a major quake and the dangers that might be associated with it. The Rajdhani Unnayan Katripakhya (RAJUK), responsible for a planned development of the city believes that an earthquake resistant building code should be developed to reduce the losses. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence: 1×5 = 5 (a) Bangladesh is a land lies/lying/lie in an active earthquake zone. (b) In case of an earthquake the buildings of the Dhaka city will be safe / saved / unsafe. (c) Experts are differ/difference/divided in their opinions. (d) They agree that adequate safety measures would reduce / reform / rectify losses. (e) We must pay heed about / for / to the experts' view regarding earthquakes. 2. True/false? If false, give the correct information : 1×5 = 5 (a) Inadequate precautions can maximize the losses caused by an earthquake. (b) The earthquake zone covering Bangladesh is inactive. (c) The experts are not at all concerned about the recurrence of earthquakes. (d) RAJUK is in favour of an earthquake resistant building code in Dhaka city. (e) The views of the two schools of experts concerning earthquakes are dissimilar. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words. Add any prepositions if necessary: 1×5 = 5 (a) (Geographical)  Bangladesh lies in an active earthquake zone. (b) The recurrence of earthquakes in recent years is quite (alarm)  . (c) It is the (safe)  the buildings that the experts care about. (d) Experts suggest taking (precaution)  measures. (e) We all should (abide)  an earthquake resistant building code.

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4. Make a list of five points of information about earthquakes. 5 Read the passage below and answer questions 5-8. The most significant event for Bangladesh in the last century has been its birth as an independent nation. Prior to that, it experienced British colonial rule until 1947, followed by an oppressive existence as East Pakistan from 1947 to 1971. It life of our people has often been shaped by tragedy. Floods have devastated our land and tidal waves from the sea have swept away thousands of lives. Poverty has been an ever present spectre. As a result, nearly seventy percent of the population suffer from various degrees of malnutrition. Rapid population growth has added to this problem. Although the growth rate has slowed down to some extent, the population has almost doubled since independence. On the other hand, turbulent politics and instability, and the rise of terrorism and crime are adversely affecting society. Despite these negative aspects, the last twenty five years will remain memorable for o events. The 21st of February 1952 immediately comes to mind. Only recently, our language day has been declared the International Mother Tongue day by UNESCO. 16 Dec 1971 is another day our nation will cherish forever the occupation forces of Paraddition, in the field of literature, art and culture we have produced great poets. novelists and artists. For instance. Bangladesh is proud of the great poet Kazi Nazrul Islam who raised his fiery .voice against injustice and oppression. 5. Write short answers to these questions. 1×5 = 5 (a) What achievements have Bangalis made in the last few decades? (b) What are the negative things that our society has experienced after independence? (c) Why are we proud of Kazi Nazrul Islam? (d) How has poverty been termed in the passage? (e) What did Bangladesh experience before its emergence as a free country? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words: 1× 5 = 5 Bangladesh is now a free country. She was under British Empire for about two hundred years. Now she has been enjoying (a)  from colonization. Moreover, she has freed herself from the (b)  and persecution by the Pakistani people. But Bangladesh has not yet (c)  freedom in the true sense. Freedom means freedoms from foreign domination as well as from malnutrition, poverty, diseases and wants. So now she struggles hard against these (d) And until and unless she can (e)  these. She cannot enjoy freedom in the true sense of the term. 7. Summarize the passage in five sentences. 1×5=5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow chart showing great achievements and negative aspects of Bangladesh. (No. 1 has been done for you.) 1×5 = 5 1. Freedom from British colonialism

Part-B: Vocabulary

9. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1×10=10 even run watch enjoy be see 

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distance show information vary source numerous Television has (a) the most common and widespread (b) of entertainment of the present world. A wide range of programmes of (c) interest is telecast on (d) channels. Almost every middle class and (e) working class families have a television set today. Television programmes are not only (f)— but also highly educative. For example, television is used for (g) learning. Courses (h) by the open university are (i) on BTV. Several channels like the Discovery and The National Geographic channels telecast highly (j)  programmes. 10. Fill in each gap with an appropriate word: 1×10=10 All things that make up the environment are (a). The way in which people, animals and plants are related to each other hand to their (b) is known as (c). The ecosystem is a (d)web that links animals, plants and every other life (e) in the biosphere. All these things (f) together. The system is in a steady state of (g) balance which means that by (h) any one part of the web you can affect all the other parts. For example, the (i) of forests may have serious ecological (j) on humans and animals.

Part C: Guided Writing

11. Match the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write the sentences in full. 2×6= 12 A B C D (i) Education in our has become Bangladesh is to be engaged in country already violence. (ii) Campus violence are getting concerned through of the students. (iii) It is passing (iv) The impact of be said that such violence (v) It may easily can (vi) The teachers and appears that guardians

almost a about the welfare

ignored. stage of crisis.

students are in the colleges and universities only hardly be

daily affair. educationally backward.

12. Sentences in the following text are jumbled. Rewrite the following sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 14 (a) Then he saw a spider trying hard to reach the ceiling of the cave. (b) But it did not give up hope. (c) The spider failed again and again to succeed. (d) Bruce saw the spider climbing to the ceiling. (e) He gathered an army of strong men and attacked his enemies. (f) This dauntless spider inspired Bruce to shake off the darkness of the despair. (g) The enemies courted defeat and Robert Bruce regained his kingdom. (h) The king fought bravely but lost the battle. (i) Robert Bruce was a famous king. (j) He had to flee from his kingdom to save his life. (k) Enemies invaded his kingdom. (l) And he took shelter in a remote cave. 

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(m) Once he was lying in the cave. (n) The king was always in a gloomy state for his unhappy condition. 13. Write a paragraph of 150 words based on the following question. Your answers to the questions should give as much detail as possible. 14 (a)What do you understand by gender equality? (b) What is its importance? (c) What is the condition of gender equality in Bangladesh? (d) What are its barriers? (e) Who or what are responsible for these barriers? (f) How is gender equality related to the overall development in our country? (g) What steps would you recommend to ensure gender equality? COMILLA BOARD-2012 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER

Part A: Seen Comprehension

Read the passage below and answer the questions 1-4 : Sports are a popular form of entertainment. Many international sporting events are organized from time to time. Most of these events are sponsored by multinational manufacturing companies and business firms. They pay for the sports events in exchange for the right to advertise their products during those events. These events are telecast worldwide by satellite and people all over the world watch them live. As a result, the sponsor's products receive maximum media coverage thus giving companies international recognition. This is only the commercial aspect of international sport but there are other aspects too. The sports venue becomes a meeting place of people from different countries. When people of different nations get together on the occasion of an international sporting event, they come closer to each other, sharing views, opinions and friendship. This opportunity creates a sense of brotherhood and a spirit of mutual co-operation among them. Moreover, getting acquainted with different cultures helps to break down prejudice and broaden outlook. If globalisation has anything to ,do with the development of international relationship, then sports can certainly contribute in a big way to this. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence: 1×5 = 5 (a) Getting revealed / concealed / changed to others help to break down prejudice. (b) The opportunity of getting together creates awareness / foolishness / frustration of brotherhood. (c) Their payment is reciprocated / recognized / manufactured by the advertisement of other products. (d) Most of the sports are deliberated / planned / patronised by multinational compasses. (e) Sports are a peculiar / fashionable / exclusive form of entertainment. 2. True or false? If false, give the correct information. 1×5 = 5 (a) Globalisation helps develop international relationship. (b) Multinational manufacturing companies and business firms sponsor sports to get reputation. (c) Meeting people from different countries creates confusion and noise. (d) Sports give people pleasure. (e) Familiarity draws people closer. 

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3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of words in brackets. Add any preposition if necessary. 1×5 = 5 (a) There are lots of international sporting (organize)________. (b) The (acquainted) ________ different culture helps to remove prejudice. (c) Sports have earned (popular) ________ as a source of entertainment. (d) International sports events have (contribute) ________ universal brotherhood. (e) Sports are highly (entertainment) ________. 4. Make a list of five positive aspects of international sports. 1×5 = 5 Read the passage below and answer questions 5-8. Statistics show that about 350 million people speak English as a first language and another 300 million use it as a second language. It is the official or semi-official language in more than 60 countries and of many international organisations. The International Olympic Committee, for example, always holds meetings in English. English helps the international community and the business world to communicate across national borders. Today, more than 80% of all the information in the world's computers is in English, so organisations frequently need employees who speak and write a standard form of English. In fact some companies provide English language training for their staff. It is therefore little wonder that job advertisements nowadays often ask for a 'good working knowledge' of English. Many believe now that English usually helps them to get good jobs and better salaries. 5. Write short answer to the following questions. 1×5 = 5 (a) What is the passage about? (b) Why do companies provide English language training for their staff? (c) How many people use English as a second language? (d) Why is English so important as an international language? (e) What do you understand by the phrase "good working knowledge"? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1×5 = 5 Of all the information in the world's computers more than 80% is in English. So the employees who speak and write a standard form of English is frequently (a) by organisations. In fact, some companies provide (b) to their staff on English language. Therefore it is not a matter of (c) at all that job advertisements ask for people who have (d) in English. So it is (e) that English is helpful to get good jobs and better salaries. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences. 1×5 = 5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow chart showing the importance of English. (No. 1 has been done for you.) 1×5=5 1. About 350 million people Speaking English

Part-B: Vocabulary 9. Fill in the gaps with suitable words from the box. Make any grammatical changes if necessary. There are more words in the box than you need. 1×10=10 enable educated choice importance healthy food 

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develop protect need education know ability Education is one of the basic (a) of a human being. It is (b)  for the (c)  of mind. Many illiterate people do not have any (d)  of health. If they were (e) , they could live a (f) and planned life. (g)  teaches us how to live well. It (h)  us to make the right (i)  in life. It enhances our (j)  to face our every day problems. 10. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1×10 = 10 If we (a)______ forests and cut (b)______trees, the effects might eventually (c) ______ us all. If forests (d)______ into deserts, what will (e)______ carbon dioxide? Then the weather pattern (f)______ change and the world will become (g)______ . This is called the green house effect. As a (h)______ of this effect the polar ice caps will (i) ______ and this will cause the flood of (j)______ areas of the globe. Part-C: Guided Writing 11. Match the words / phrases in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write out the sentences in full. 2×6=12 A B (i) Albert Einstein took

D in 1905 A.D.

(ii) He (iii) At the age of twenty one he (iv) He (v) He

in Germany in 1879 A.D. in Physics in 1921.

(vi) He

C one of the greatest scientists was born the Noble Prize received the post of Associate Professor obtained his doctorate is from the Federal Institute of Technology graduated of a Jewish parents

of modern age. at the University of Zurich in 1909. in Zurich.

12. Sentences in the following text are jumbled. Rewrite the following sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 14 (i) Then he saw a spider trying hard to reach the ceiling of the cave. (ii) But it did not give up hope. (iii) The spider failed again and again to succeed. (iv) Bruce saw the spider climbing to the ceiling after some unsuccessful attempts. (v) He gathered an army of strong men and attacked his enemies. (vi) The dauntless spider inspired Bruce to shake off the darkness of the despair. (vii) The enemies were defeated and Robert Bruce regained his Kingdom. (viii) The king fought bravely but lost the battle. (ix) Robert Bruce was a famous king. (x) He had to flee from his kingdom to save his life. (xi) Enemies invaded his kingdom (xii) And he took shelter in a remote cave. (xiii) Once he was lying in the cave. (xiv) The king was always in a gloomy state for his unhappy condition. 13. Write a paragraph of about 100 words based on the following questions. Your answer to the questions should give as much detail as possible. 14 

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(a) What is eve-teasing? (b) Who are the common victims? (c) Who are the common eve-teasers? (d) What are the causes of eve-teasing? (e) What are its effects? (f) What measures should be taken against eve-teasing? RAJSHAHI DHAKA BOARD-2012 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER

Part A- Seen Comprehension

Read the passage below and answer the questions 1−4. The present age Is marked not only by the importance of the family as an economic and welfare institution but also by its increasing importance as an arrangement for socializing and raising children and for the psychological support of adults. There has beer. £ wade disintegration of large kin groups and an intensification of relationships within the n family. Moreover, the world is seeing an increasing association of women with earning and with out of home activities. In the pre-industrial feudal society, both husbands and wives worked together in the and outside the home. However, in the industrial period, women were segregated from out of home productive work. The hearth became the place for them so cooking, cleaning, washing, giving birth and rearing children became their jobs. Men became the wage earners and all other outdoor activities became their responsibility. In the post-war period, women started joining the workforce and contributing to family income and thus started exercising an influence on family affairs. Previously, authority the family rested on the husband who was the decision maker in all matters. Bui with their economic power, started influencing decisions about important family m. developed countries now. household work is shared by both husbands and wives and outdoor activities like shopping and taking children to school, to doctors or for recreation are done equally by both husbands and wives. Large extended families have given, and are still giving place to small, nuclear families. Even in developing countries, with the process of industrialisation and urbanisation, extended families are breaking down. Kinship is declining. In the west, marriages are now often break up. So, the number of single-mother or single-father families is ever on the increase. The psychological problems of children in such families are also increasing in modern times. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence: 1×5 = 5 (a) In the feudal society, men and women were used to/compelled to/ordered to working together. (b) In the industrial period, women were engaged/ driven out/ separated from outof-home productive work. (c) Single-mother or single-father families result/come/produce from breaking up of marriages. (d) The word 'rearing' means producing/bringing up / feeding. (e) In modern times, women exercise/ influence/decide on family affairs. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information: 1×5 = 5 (a) Women began to exercise hold on family affairs with their workforce. (b) The psychological problems of children are increasing in Asia. (c) In the pre-industrial period, husbands were the decision-makers. 

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(d) In the feudal society, both husbands and wives earned their livelihood working in the fields outside the home. (e) The adults need psychological support of the family. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words. Add any prepositions if necessary: 1×5 = 5 (a) Previously, authority in the family (depend)_______ the husband. (b) In the post-war period, women began to (contribution) _______ family income. (c) Now-a-days household works (share) _______ both husbands and wives. (d) Family is important for socializing and (raise) _______ children. (e) At present decline (notice) _______ in kinship. 4. Write five sentences about the role of women in the family. 5 Read the following passage and answer the questions 5−8: As his reputation as a scientist soared higher and higher, fate followed with less rewarding things. Stephen Hawking gradually started losing control over the muscles of his body as he gradually became a victim of Gehrig's disease. Since the age of thirty he has been confined to a wheelchair with no power to control his body except for some limited movement of his head and hands only. He can speak only through a computer with a voice synthesiser that converts his messages into sounds. But such a tremendous physical handicap has not managed to dishearten or show him down. Stephen is still a relentless worker using his computer to carry on research work as well as deliver lectures. He lives with his wife and three daughters and is provided with twenty four hour nursing facilities by an American organisation for his physical well-being. 5. Write short answers to the following questions: 1×5 = 5 (a) How is fate to Stephen Hawking? (b) Why has Stephen been confined to a wheel-chair? (c) How does he carry out his work? (d) Who does he live with? (d) What Is the result of physical handicap on Stephen Hawking? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words: 1×5 = 5 Stephen Hawking is a great scientist of modern time. He has (a) much reputation. But it is a matter of great shock that at the age of thirty, he was (b)  with Gehrig's disease. Then he gradually (c) control over the muscles of his body. But his physical handicap could not (d) him at all. Stephen still (e) his research work by using computer. 7. Summarize the passage in five sentences. 1×5 = 5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow-chart showing the remarkable happenings of Stephen's life. (No. 1 has been done for you): 1×5 = 5 1.

Stephen’s sky high reputation

3. 

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Part- B: Vocabulary 9. Fill in the gaps with suitable words from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1×10 = 10

bring need spend give include fail go organize boost close development proper If all the children in Bangladesh (a)  to school, the country would get of the curse of illiteracy. To (b)  up education, the government should spend more money. Subsidies must be (c)  in the education sector. Teachers are (d)  to be trained for good teaching. The poor students can (e)  under 'Food for Education' Program. We should take care that no institution is (f)  down due to political clashes. More co-curricular activities are to be (g)  to enable students to (h)  their non-academic skills-like debate, creative thinking and (i)  events etc. It is our social responsibility to educate our children and the (j)  of which will lead to catastrophe. 10. Fill in each gap with an appropriate word: 1×10 = 10 Man pollutes water, another vital (a) of the environment by (b) waste into it. Farmers (c)  chemical fertilizers in their fields. Some of these chemicals, washed away by rain and flood, (d)  mixed with water in rivers, canals and ponds. Water is also (e)  by mills and factories when they throw their (f)  chemicals and waste products into rivers and canals. Water vehicles also pollute rivers by dumping oil, food waste and human (g) into them. Insanitary latrines (h)— on river and canal banks are also (i) for further pollution. In this way, various (j) of waste and filth contaminate water.

Part C - Guided Writing

11. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write out the sentences in full: 2×6 = 12 A B C D (i) The role of is not possible for any western countries dignity-and honour. woman in nation - nation to reach but also building (ii) It was a time when any more in the has changed. women were present (hi) There cannot be denied its goal without family affairsallowing the women folk (iv) They of civilization the looked upon without situation c world. outlook and any (v) But with the is true not only for the to serve the to play active role. progress (vi) This were the only attitude of the world for the Islamic instrument towards women countries. 12. The sentences in the following texts are jumbled. Rewrite the following sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story: 1×14 = 14 

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(i) The king was fond of knowing his future from the astrologer. (ii) The king called him to the palace. (iii) At this the king got furious and condemned him to death. (iv) A good astrologer visited the capital of the king. (v) Once there was a king. (vi) With ready wit he said, “The stars declare that I’ll die only a week before your death.” (vii) But another thought crossed his mind before the astrologer was removed for execution.

(viii) The king then asked. “How long would you live? (ix) The astrologer told something very unpleasant. (x) He then thought for a while for some way of escape. (xi) He thought that the king would prove him a liar putting him to death. (xii) At this the king turned pale. (xiii) “Drive this wretch away and let him not come again,” shouted the king. (xiv) “I shall wait to receive your majesty where you are sending me.” 13. Write a paragraph of about 100 words on the following questions. Your answers to the questions should give as much detail as possible: 14 (a) What is a book fair? (b) When and where is it held? (c) Have you ever visited a book fair? When (d) What kind of books are usually available in a book fair? (e) What is your personal impression about a book fair? JESSORE BOARD-2012 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER

Part A−Seen Comprehension

Read the passage below and answer the questions 1-4 : There have been significant changes in the types of entertainment over time. Many of these no longer exist. Even if they do, people keep looking for newer forms of entertainment. Thus snake charming, puppet shows, jatras jarigan, sharigan and kabigan which were common forms of entertainment in the past have almost lost their appeal. Radio, which used to be a good source of entertainment in the past, is now giving place to television and to satellite channels in particular. The entertainment business, like other spheres of life, is getting westernised day by day. Folk music or palligeeti is now sung with western instruments. At the same time, modern music is now fusing melodies from folk and traditional songs. In general, band and pop music is becoming more and more popular, particularly among the young generation. Sport has become a great source of entertainment today. Football, which used to be the most popular spectator sport in Bangladesh is gradually being replaced by cricket as a popular form of sports entertainment. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence: 1×5 = 5 (a) There are conspicuous / alarming / enjoyable changes in the types of entertainment. (b) Snake charming was important/recent/conventional form of entertainment in the past. (c) There is a clear Asian/Oriental/Western influence on our culture. (d) The traditional sources of entertainment are finished/dying out/ revived. 

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(e) Our folk songs no more arrest / attract / inspire the people. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information: 1×5 = 5 (a) People stick to listening traditional forms of entertainment. (b) The western influence on our culture is very much clear. (c) Now a days a TV set is beyond the reach of working class people. (d) Irrespective of all ages, the people have started to love band music. (e) Cricket now occupies an important position in the field of entertainment. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words. Add any prepositions if necessary: 1×5 = 5 (a) There is a (differ)______ modern and folk music. (b) Different types of (entertain)______ our country are now increasingly coming under the western influence. (c) The (important)______ entertainment cannot be ignored. (d) Television can be used for (education) ______ purposes also. (e) There is (fuse) ______ of modern music with traditional music. 4. Make a list of five sources of entertainment of past which have already lost their appeal. 1×5 = 5 Read the following passage and answer the questions 5-8: How safe will the buildings in the city of Dhaka be in the event of an earthquake? Experts give no straight answer to this question, but call for taking adequate precautions to minimize losses. That Bangladesh lies in the active earthquake zone is not unknown to Bangladeshis. Alarmed by the recurrence of quakes during recent years, experts have called for the development of an earthquake resistant building code that all buildings should follow as mandatory. There are two schools of experts regarding earthquakes. One school comprising of engineers and geologists is of the view that the recurrence of quakes in recent years should be taken as a signal for a major earthquake. Another school comprising of similar categories of experts, however, believes that the concern should not be amplified, because although there a number of fault lines in the geographical area comprising Bangladesh, none of them is active enough to pose a major threat. Yet none of the school rules out the possibility of a major quake and the dangers that might be associated with it. The Rajdhani Unnayan Kartipakhya (RAJUK), responsible for a planned development of the city believes that an earthquake resistant building code should be developed to reduce the losses. 5. Write short answers to the following questions: 1×5= 5 (a) What is an earthquake? (b) Why are not the buildings of Dhaka safe at all in the event of an earthquake? (c) Why are the experts alarmed by the possibility of an earthquake? (d) What do 'fault lines' mean? (e) What does RAJUK' believe? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words: 1×5 = 5 Bangladesh is no more free from earthquake. Already several earthquakes have (a) place by this time. But the people of this country are not so much (b) of this. According (c)  the experts, our country is in the earthquake prone area. To reduce the losses, they have also (d)  some necessary (e) . 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences. 1×5 = 5 

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8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes to fill in the boxes of flow chart showing the important aspects regarding earthquake in Bangladesh. (No. 1 has been done for you): 1×5 = 5 1. Lying active Earthquake zone

Part B- Vocabulary

9. Fill in the gaps with suitable words from the box (made any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1×10 = 10 variety item communication require communicative tradition four foreign purpose international base imply speaks skill English is called an (a) language. In almost all countries, there are people can (b) English. No other language than English serves the (c) common language through which people can (d) with one another across the national border. We should learn English for a great (e) of purposes. English is a skill (f) subject. We should therefore learn the (g) skills of listening, reading and writing. The communicative approach to learning English does not (h) one to know or learn definitions of grammar (i) . Traditional grammar has no place in learning English through the (j) approach. 10. Fill in each gap with an appropriate word : 1×10 = 10 UNICEF is an international (a). It runs several welfare (b) in Bangladesh. It has reduced infant (c) rates through raising (d) about health and (e) has organised (f) programmes for (g) health workers to (h) health help to the rural (i). At present it is trying to (j) primary education particularly among girls.

Part C - Guided Writing

11. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write out the sentences in full: 2×6 = 12 A B C D (i) Mr. Robertson does not like a who talk much. (ii) He his fifties but he has but curly. (iii) He does not have it makes people loves to eat. (iv) He says is straight important. (v) His hair a beard him look a moustache. (vi) He is in is not and lawyer. 12. The sentences in the following texts are jumbled. Rewrite the following sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story: 1×14 = 14 (i) The crow realised his fault and promised he would never be false or over-ambitious. (ii) He became very glad. (iii) So he made up his mind to go to the peacocks and live with them. (iv) The crows are ugly to look at. (v) When he returned to the crows, they also drove him away. 

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(vi) He looked at himself and became glad and proud because he was no longer ugly like other crows. (vii) So they are unhappy. (viii) They attacked him, pulled out the feathers and drove him away. (ix) But how! (x) Seeing him, the peacocks understood that he was a crow in the guise of a peacock. (xi) They want to be beautiful. (xii) One day, the crow found some beautiful feathers of a peacock in a jungle. (xiii) He took the feathers one by one and struck them in among his own feathers. (xiv) Once a crow got a chance to be beautiful. 13. Write a paragraph of about 100 words on the following questions. Your answers to the questions should give as much detail as possible: 14 (a) What is a moonlit night? (b) How does it look? (c) How do people enjoy it? (d) Have you ever enjoyed a moonlit night? (e) What are your feelings? SYLHET BOARD-2012 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER

Part A- Seen Comprehension

Read the passage below and answer the questions 1−4: The unit by which the loudness of sound is measured is called a decibel. According to the United Nations (UN), the normal tolerance limit of sound is 45 decibels. When the vibration of sound is at a tolerable, pleasant level, it is simply called sound. But when it is sharp and harsh to the ears, it becomes noise. Serious harm can be caused to people if they are regularly exposed to sounds exceeding 70 decibels. Because of the growth of urban population and the increasing use of machines in our every day life there had been a general increase in the level of sound around us. On an average, people in the cities are exposed to sound ranging from 30 to 90 decibels or even more. A study in Japan has found that housewives who live in the city were exposed to almost the same amount of sound that a factory worker was exposed to at his/her workplace. The occupations that the study found to be the noisiest were factory work, truck driving and primary school teaching. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence: 1×5=5 (a) Truck drivers fall victim to traffic jam / sound pollution / accidents. (b) The unit of sound is closely related to history / Physics / Economics. (c) Sound pollution is mainly caused in rural / urban / remote areas. (d) Primary school teaching is the mildest / noisiest / most pleasing. (e) The increasing use of machines causes water / sound / odour pollution. 2. True or false? If false, give the correct information: 1×5 = 5 (a) Sound pollution is acute in cities. (b) In Japan primary education is not free from sound pollution. (c) The rapid growth of population is a threat to our sense of hearing. (d) Sounds exceeding to 70 decibels are not harmful to us. (e) A housewife living in the city and a factory worker at his workplace are exposed to almost the same amount of sound. 

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3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words in brackets. Add any prepositions if necessary: 1×5 = 5 (a) Decibel is a unit (use)_______ measuring sound. (b) (Raise)_______ public awareness is necessary for the control of sound pollution. (c) City areas are (noise)_______ than rural ones. (d) Sound pollution is harmful to our sense of (hear)_______ . (e) People in the cities (expose)_______ sounds ranging from 30 to 90 decibles. 4. Make a list of five things that cause sound pollution. 1×5 = 5 Read the passage below and answer questions 5−8: Education is one of the basic needs of a human being and is essential for any kind of development. The poor socio-economic condition of Bangladesh can be largely attributed to most people's inaccessibility to education. Many illiterate people do not have any knowledge of health, sanitation and population control. If they were educated, they could live a healthy and planned life. Education teaches us how to earn well and how to spend well. It enables us to make the right choice in life and to perform our duties properly. It enhances our ability to raise crops, store food, protect the environment and carry out our social responsibilities. It is only education, which can help us to adopt a rational attiude. It provides us with an enlightened awareness about things and this awareness is the prerequisite for social development. 5. Write short answers to these questions about education. 1×5=5 (a) What is the cause of mass illiteracy in Bangladesh? (b) What would happen if all people were educated? (c) What aren’t the illiterate people aware of? (d) What does education teach people? (e) What don’t many illiterate people have? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words: 1×5 = 5 Education is (a) to be one of the basic needs of humans. Without (b) education man cannot exactly decide what he has to do for a better life (c) from the curse of poverty, malnutrition and diseases. In fact the (d)  of education creates (e) in him with regard to his personal needs and duties to the society as well. 7. Give the summary of the passage in five sentences. 1×5 = 5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow chart showing the different functions that education does. (No. 1 has been done for you.) 1×5 = 5 1. Developing human mind

Part B: Vocabulary

9. Fill in the gaps with suitable words from the boxes (Make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more wards in the box than you need. 1×10=10 read use tips see dots print although touch develop bear way call 

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(a) blind people cannot (b) , their sense of (c) becomes far more (d) than that of most sighted people. This ability was put to use by a brilliant man (e). Louis Braille. In the early 19th century, he invented a (f) of writing which (g) his name. The Braille system reproduces the letters of the alphabet by a series of (h) in certain positions, which are raised on the paper. The blind person runs the (i) of his fingers across the pages of the Braille book and can work out the letters and numbers (j) there. 10. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 10 Man pollutes water, another vital (a) of the environment by (b) waste into it. Farmers (c) chemical fertilizers and insecticides in their fields. Some of these chemical (d) away by rain and floods (e) mixed with water in rivers, canals and ponds. Water is also (f) by mills and factories when they throw their (g) chemicals and waste products into rivers and canals. Water vehicles also pollute water by (h) oil, food waste and human waste into them. Insanitary latrines (i) on rivers and canal banks are also (j) for further pollution. Part C- Guided Writing 11. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write out the sentences in full. 2×6 = 12 A B C D (i) We is easily with his family. (ii) Our family drag to keep our apartment clean. (iii) They try on the very good terms day and night. (iv) These sounds have tried many times chairs around to give it up. (v) We are not used to tell them avoided. (vi) I can be to these sorts of sounds. 12. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Rewrite the sentences in the proper order and in a single paragraph to make a story. 1×14 = 14 (i) He bought a cat to kill the mice. (ii) They were doing a lot of mischief there. (iii) There was an old house in a village. (iv) The mice were in great difficulty. (v) There lived a number of mice in the house. (vi) At this all remained silent and none came forward. (vii) All the mice thanked the young mouse for his plan. (viii) There were several proposals but none was good. (ix) The master was annoyed and made a plan to get rid of them. (x) At last a young mouse rose to speak. (xi) They could not move freely as before. (xii) They held a meeting to find out a way to be free from this danger. (xiii) He said, "Let us-tie a bell round the cat's neck." (xiv) Then an old mouse said, "It's good but who will tie the bell?" 

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13. Write a paragraph of around 100 words based on the following questions. Your answers should give as much detail as possible. 14 What kind of family do you live in? Extended or nuclear? Why is nuclear family popular nowadays? What are the disadvantages of it? Do you like it? If so, why? BARISAL BOARD-2012 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER Part A- Seen Comprehension (Marks- 40) Read the passage below and answer the questions 1−4: His name was Jerry; he has been at the orphanage since he was four. I could picture him at four, with the same grave gray-blue eyes and the same Independence? No, the word that comes to me is "integrity". It is embedded on courage, but it is more than brave. It is honest, but it is more than honesty. The axe handle broke one day. Jerry said the orphanage woodshop would repair it. I brought money to pay for the job and he refused it. "I'll pay for it," he said, "I brought the axe down careless." "But no one hits accurately every time, " I told him, "The fault was in the handle." It was only then that he would take the money. He was standing back of his own carelessness. He was a freewill agent and he chose to do careful work; and if he failed he took the responsibility without subterfuge. And he did for me the unnecessary thing, the gracious thing that we find done only by the great of heart. Things no training can teach, for they are done on the instant, with no predicated experience. He found a cubbyhole beside the fireplace that I had not noticed. There, of his own accord, he put wood, so that I might always have dry fire material ready in case of sudden wet weather. A stone was loose in the rough walk to the cabin. He dug a deeper hole and steadied it, although he came, himself by a shortcut over the bank. I found that when I tried to return his thoughtfulness with such things as candy and apples, he was wordless. "Thank you" was, perhaps, an expression for which he had no use, for his courtesy was instinctive. He only looked at the gift and at me and a curtain lifted, so that I saw deeper into the clear well of his eyes; and gratitude was there, and affection, soft over the firm granite of character. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence : 1×5 = 5 (a) Jerry was three/four/five when he came to the orphanage. (b) Integrity / courage / honesty is the correct description of Jerry's in-built strength of character. (c) Jerry's courtesy was artificial/ apparent/natural. (d) The boy took the responsibility without any murmur/excuse/delay. (e) On getting a gift from the writer, Jerry was thankful / silent / cheerful. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information: (a) Jerry had no moral courage to confess his fault. (b) Initially, Jerry did not take the money. (c) Jerry did the odd job willingly. (d) He put the fire-wood in the cubby-hole. (e) Jerry was used to saying 'Thank you". 

1×5 = 5

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3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words. Add any prepositions if necessary. 1×5 = 5 (a) Jerry was an orphan boy (live)______ an orphanage. (b) Jerry did his work (careful) ______. (c) In case of his (fail) ______ he shouldered the responsibility. (d) By (confess) ______ is fault, Jerry earned the writer's admiration. (e) The writer offered money to get the axe-handle (repair)______. 4. Make a list of five qualities of Jerry: Read the following passage and answer the questions 5-8: 5 Statistics show that about 350 million people speak English as a first language and 300 million use it as a second language. It is the official or semi-official language l than 60 countries and of many international organizations. The International Committee, for example, always holds meetings in English. English helps the international community and the business world to communicate across national border? Today, more than 80% of all the information in the world's computers is in English, so organizations frequently need employees who speak and write a standard form of English. In fact some companies provide English language training for their staff. It is therefore little wonder that job advertisements nowadays often ask for a 'good working knowledge' of English. Many believe now that English usually helps them to get good jobs and better salaries. 5. Write short answers to the following questions: 1×5 = 5 (a) How many people speak English as a first language? (b) How many countries use English as an official or semi-official language? (c) How does English help the international community and the business world? (d) What is the status of English in the world's computers? (e) What is meant by the phrase 'a good working knowledge of English'? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words: 1×5 = 5 Those job-seekers who can speak and write a standard form of English are frequently (a)by many organisations. Even, some companies make arrangements to (b) their staff in the English language. It is not matter of (c) at all that job advertisements these days ask for people who have a good working knowledge of English So, it goes (d) saying that English is quite helpful in (e) good jobs and better salaries. 7. Summarize the passage in five sentences. 1×5= 5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow-chart showing the use and importance of English. (No. 1 has been done for you) 1×5 = 5 1. English used by 650 million

people

Part-B: Vocabulary (Marks 20)

9. Fill in the gaps with suitable words from the box (made any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need. 1×10 = 10 

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spend commit when unbearable nature earn gender world depend suicide married very cost because It is very (a) that man loves his life most of all things and he wants to live or survive a bit longer at any (b). However, every year thousands of people (c) suicide in Bangladesh. It is seen that most of the people committing suicide are those (d) women who (e) on their husbands for their living. But why do they commit suicide when people love their lives most? Most probably, they decide to kill them-selves (f) they feel entirely helpless and meaningless to live. The bitterness and sufferings of life become totally (g). However, the incident of suicide among the self-reliant women is (h) rare. So, can't we say that the unfortunate women would not have committed (i) if they had been self-reliant and had an independent way of (j) their livelihood without being dependent on their husbands? 10. Fill in each gap with an appropriate word: 1×10 = 10 William Caxton introduced printing into England. His success as a merchant enabled him (a) retire early and (b) himself to literary pursuits. In 1477, he set up his (c) press and (d) nearly a hundred books. A (e) of prodigious industry, he translated twenty (f) himself, what is more (g) him is that he published books in English when most works appeared (h) French or Latin. Caxton (i) it as his aim to hasten the spread of knowledge by making books (j)  to the public in English.

Part C – Guided Writing (Marks-40)

11. Match the phrase in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write out the sentences in full: 2×6 = 12 A B C D (i) Truthfulness will never the habit of speaking of others. (ii) We must is the greatest of the liar to light. (iii) Otherwise, we or tomorrow win the respect is revealed. (iv) A lie the real character it comes human virtues. (v) Today cultivate hidden the truth. (vi) Then never lies of all for long 12. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Rewrite the following sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story: 1×14 = 14 (i) The hare was always very proud of his fast pace and speed. (ii) Next day the hare and the tortoise reached the venue. (iii) One day he challenged the tortoise to a race. (iv) The hare ran very swiftly. (v) Long ago there lived a hare in jungle. (vi) They go ready to run the race. (vii) The hare always teased the tortoise for his slow pace. (viii) Covering considerable distance, the hare stopped to rest and while taking rest he fell asleep. (ix) A tortoise also lived nearby in the same jungle. (x) They both went to a fox and requested him to act as a judge and the for agreed. 

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(xi) The tortoise ran nonstop and defeated the hare in the race. (xii) The tortoise accepted the challenge. (xiii) As the fox waved the flag, the tow contestants started running. (xiv) But the tortoise ran very slowly. 13. Write a paragraph of about 100 words on the following questions. Your answers to the questions should give as much detail as possible: 14 (a) What is meant by gender discrimination? (b) Why do people discriminate between boys and girls? (c) What are the major fields of gender discrimination in our country? (d) What are the after-effects of such discrimination? (e) What steps can be taken to remove gender discrimination from our social system?

CHITTAGONG BOARD-2012 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER Part A− Seen Comprehension Read the passage below and answer the questions-1-4 : Rabindranath, the fourteenth child of Debendranath and Sarada Devi Tagore, went to school early and wrote his first verse at the age of eight. At the age of seventeen in 1878 he arrived in London on his way to Brighton to join his brother’s family and attend school there. London made a poor impression on him. He described it as a dismal city, smoky, foggy and wet, with everyone jostling and in a hurry. Though he was happy in Brighton, a friend of the family persuaded his brother to send him to London in order to benefit from his education in the West. He was put up on a lodging house facing Regent’s Park but later moved to the house of professional coach, a Mr. Scott, as a paying guest. Young Tagore joined London University, where he attended Henry Morley’s lectures in English literature and read Religio Medici and Shakespeare with him. He often visited the Houses of parliament and listened to Gladstone and John Bright’s debates in Irish Home Rule. Away from the home of his brother’s family, he was lucky to find a friendly English family with whom he spent some time but not without some initial opposition from the two daughters in the family who were rather taken aback with the presence of a ‘blackle’ in the house and went away to stay with relatives. They returned only after being reassured that the stranger was harmless. Dr. and Mrs. Scott, the girls’ parents, in fact treated him like a son. In 1880, Rabindranath was called back to India. His letters, full of admiration for English society made his family think again about the wisdom of letting him loose in English alone. He returned home without any qualifications of distinction. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence : 1×5 = 5 (a) Young Tagore had a poor picture/feeling/impression of London. (b) A friend discouraged/persuaded / dissuaded Tagore's brother. (b) Tagore attended disputes/parties/ debates. (c) Debebndranath was Tagore's brother/father/uncle. 

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(d) Mr. Scott's daughters left home to study/read/stay with relatives. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information: 1×5 = 5 (a) Tagore returned home without any degree. (b) Rabindranath did not like to listen to the debates of the parliament. (c) London created good impression on young Rabindranath. (d) Tagore's brother was in London. (e) Mr. Scott's daughters liked Tagore from the moment they saw him. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words. Add any prepositions if necessary: 1×5 = 5 (a) Tagore (write)_____ his first poem at the age of eight. (b) In 1878, Tagore (arrive)_____ London. (c) Tagore (listen)_____ debates on Irish Home Rule. (d) In Mr. Scott's house, Tagore was a (pay) _____ guest. (e) He did not like (fog) _____ weather. 4. Make a list of five aspects of Rabindranath in London. 5 Read the following passage and answer the questions 5-8: Education is one of the basic needs of a human being and is essential for any kind of development. The poor socio-economic condition of Bangladesh can be largely attributed to most people's inaccessibility to education. Many illiterate people do not have any knowledge of health, sanitation and population control. If they were educated, they could live a health and planned life. Education teaches us how to earn well and how to spend well. It enables us to make the right choice in life and to perform our duties properly. It enhances our ability to raise crops, store food, protect the environment and carry out our social responsibilities. It is only education, which can help us to adopt a rational attitude. It provides us with an enlightened awareness about things and this awareness is the prerequisite for social development. 5. Write short answers to the following questions: 1×5= 5 (a) What is the cause of mass illiteracy in Bangladesh? (b) What are not the illiterate people aware of? (c) What does education aim at? (d) How is poverty an effect of illiteracy? (e) How can education ensure a better life for all? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words: 1×5 = 5 Education is (a) — as one of the basic needs of a human being. Without (b)— education a man cannot exactly decide what he has to do for a better life (c) from the curse of poverty, malnutrition and disease. In fact, education (d) darkness and creates (e) in him with regard to his personal needs and duties to the society as well. 7. Summarize the passage in five sentences. 1×5 = 5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow chart showing the function of education. (No. 1 has been done for you): 1×5 = 5 1. Education develops human mind



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9. Fill in the gaps with suitable words from the box (made any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words is the box than you need. 1×10 = 10 drink eat nutrition satisfy happen lack need heart knowledge preserve mind for While (a) food we should bear in (b) that we don’t eat just to (c) hunger or to fill the belly. We eat (d) our health. For good health a man (e) good food. Sometimes it so (f) that people who live even in the midst of plenty do not eat the food they need for good health because they have no (g) health and (h). They do not know how to select a (i) diet from the many foods that are (j) to them. 10. Fill in each gaps with an appropriate word: 1×10 = 10 Learning a language is (a) riding a cycle. The most (b) thing (c) any language is communication. You learn to (d) effectively by using a language, by doing things with it and by experiencing it. You (e) learn English in the same (f) as one learns to ride a cycle. Do not (g) if people laugh at you (h) you make (i). You can certainly learn (j) mistakes.

Part C – Guide Writing

11. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write out the sentences in full: 2×6 = 12 A B C D (i) Khan Jahan Ali is as one of the of them. architectural (ii) He was used the mosque and a Court of Khan Jahan Ali. (iii) The Shat had declared both as a prayer hall various problems. Gambuj Mosque (iv) It built beset with as a world Heritage Site. (v) The Mosque found Bagerhat numerous mosques beauties of the country. (vi) The UNESCO is regarded the most magnificent in Bagerhat. 12. The sentences in the following texts are jumbled. Rewrite the following sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story: 1×14= 14 (i) He would never refuse to assist a neighbour. (ii) Rip Van Winkle was born at a village in America. (iii) One day he went away into the woods with his gun and his dog Wolf. (iv) The sun was about to set. (v) He was simple and good natured. (vi) The children would shout with joy when they saw him. (vii) He thought of going home. (viii) He did not like to work in his own farm. (ix) He caught fish all day without murmur. (x) His wife scolded him always for his idleness but in vain. (xi) He told them stories of ghosts and witches. 

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(xii) He got upon the highest part of the mountain. (xiii) Rip Van was not really lazy. (xiv) Soon he heard a voice from a distance. 13. Write a paragraph of about 150 words on the following questions. Your answers to the questions should give as much detail as possible: 14 (a) What is the condition of female education in our country? (b) What are the barriers on the way of female education? (c) What are the reasons behind these barriers? (d) Why is female education important? (e) How can these problems be solved? DINAJPUR BOARD-2012ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER Part A− Seen Comprehension Read the passage below and answer the questions-1-4 : There have been significant changes in the types of entertainment over time. Many of these no longer exist. Even if they do, people keep looking for newer forms of forms of entertainment. Thus, snake charming, puppet show, jatragan, jarigan, sharigan and kabigan common forms of entertainment in the past, have almost lost their appeal. Radio, which was used to be a good source of entertainment in the past, is now giving place to television and to satellite channels in particular. The entertainment business, like other spheres of life, is getting westernized day by day. Folk music or palligeeti is now sung with Western instruments. At the same time, modern music is now fusing melodies from folk and traditional songs. In general, band and pop music are becoming more and more popular, particularly among the young generation. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence: 1×5 = 5 (a) People look for newer forms of amazement / amusement/ enhancement. (b) Nowadays sports are a popular source of income / leisure / relaxation. (c) Some forms of entertainment exist many days/no longer/ permanently. (d) Television is now more populous/popular/less popular form of entertainment. (e) Modern people look for wonderful/older/newer forms of entertainment. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information: 1×5 = 5 (a) Today, radio has taken the place of television. (b) There have been no changes in the types of entertainment over time. (c) The importance of entertainment in our life cannot be ignored. (d) Folk music is now sung with our home-made instruments. (e) People have changed their taste both in sport and music. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words. Add any prepositions if necessary: 1×5 = 5 (a) The (significant)_____ change cannot be denied. (b) Many forms of entertainment in the past are no longer in_____(exist). (c) Puppet show has almost_____ (lose) its appeal. (d) The place of football is being_____ (take) cricket. (e) The taste for entertainment never_____ (remain) static. 

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4. Make a list of five sources entertainment in modern time. 5 Read the following passage and answer the questions 5-8: Education is the process by which our mind develops through formal learning at an institution like a school, college, or university. It is mental and intellectual training which provides opportunities of growth and helps to overcome obstacles to progress. Again, the purpose of education is to enlighten the individual and develop his/her capacity to the limit. It is also the business of education to train individuals to make the right choices to go ahead. It ennobles our mind and refines our sensibility. It also broadens our outlook and helps us become aware of our rights and responsibilities. According to Newman, education "gives a man a clear conscious view of his own opinions and judgments, a truth in developing them, an eloquence in expressing them and a force in using them." Therefore, it is often compared to light which removes the darkness of ignorance and helps us distinguish between right and wrong. Ex-President Julius Nyerere of Tanzania way back in 1974 said at an international conference that the primary purpose of education was the liberation of man from the restrictions of habits and attitudes which limit his humanity. He further said education should promote humanity and universal brotherhood and that it could be used as a catalyst for a change for the better. How right he was! 5. Write short answers to the following questions: 1×5= 5 (a) What does develop our mind? (b) What is the purpose of education? (c) How can we make the right choices to go ahead? (d) What, according to Julius Nyerere, is the primary purpose of education? (e) Why do we need education? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words: 1×5 = 5 We need education because it helps (a) our mind. Without (b), a nation cannot stand" on her own legs. It can be (c) through formal learning at an institution. It helps the primary purpose of education is to liberate a man from formal learning at an institution It helps (d) our outlook. It is the (e) of some great men that the primary purpose of education is to liberate a man from the restrictions of habits and attitudes which limit his humanity. 7. Summarize the passage in five sentences.

1×5= 5

8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow-chart showing the importance of education in the life of an individual. (No. 1 has been done for you): 1×5= 5 1. Importance of education in the life of an individual

Part B- Vocabulary

9. Fill in the gaps with suitable words from the box (made any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need: 1×10 = 10 

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drink eat available nutrition satisfy happen lack need heart balanced knowledge mind for While (a) food, we should bear in (b) that we do not eat just to (c) hunger or to fill the belly. We eat to (d) our health. For good health, a man (e)— good food. Sometimes it so (f) that people who live even in the midst of plenty do not eat the food they need for good health because they have no (g) of science and (h) do not know how to select a (i) diet from the many foods that are (j) to them. 10. Fill in each gap with an appropriate word: 1×10 = 10 If we (a) forests and cut (b) trees, the effects might eventually (c) us all. If forests (d) into deserts, what will (e) carbon dioxide? Then the weather patter (f) change and the world will become (g) . This is (h) the greenhouse effect. As a result of this effect, the polar ice-caps will (i) and this cause the submerge of vast areas of the globe.

Part C - Guided Writing

11. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write out the sentences in full: 2×6 = 12 A B C D (i) One day came to know of the handle at his own cost. (ii) The authoress she offered the matter from her. (iii) For repairing it agreed to Jerry suddenly. (iv) But Jerry the wood to repair it was defective. (v) She said that wanted accept the money from Jerry. (vi) Only then, he Jerry broke the axe -handle some money. 12. The sentences in the following texts are jumbled. Rewrite the following sentences a the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story: 1×14 = 14 (i) The king was fond of knowing his future from the astrologer. (ii) The king called him to the palace. (iii) At this the king got furious and condemned him to death. (iv) A good astrologer visited the capital of the king. (v) Once there was a king. (vi) With ready wit he said, "The stars declare that I'll die only a week before your death. (vii) But another thought crossed his mind before the astrologer was removed for execution. (viii) The king then asked. "How long would you live?" (ix) The astrologer told something very unpleasant. (x) He then thought for a while for some way of escape. (xi) He thought that the king would prove him a liar putting him to death. (xii) At this the king turned pale. (xiii) "Drive this wretch away and let him not come again," shouted the king. (xiv) "I shall wait to receive your majesty where you are sending me." 13. Write a paragraph of about 100 words on the following questions. Your answers to the questions should give as much detail as possible: 14 

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(a) What is dowry? (b) What is the main reason of dowry? (c) Who take dowry and who are the victims of it? (d) How does it affect the whole society? (e) How can this vice be eliminated? DHAKA BOARD —2011 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER Part A: Seen Comprehension (40 Marks) Read the passage below and answer the questions 1- 4: Communicative competence refers to the ability to use a language appropriately in various circumstances. There are two ways of developing communicative competence in a language. The first is acquisition which is similar to the way people develop ability in their mother tongue. It is a natural, subconscious process in which users are not usually aware of acquiring a language. They are aware only of the fact that they are using the language for communication. In non-technical terms, acquisition is 'picking up' a language spontaneously. It may also be called ‘implicit learning. ' On the other hand, the second way of developing communicative competence in a language is learning that language. It refers to conscious knowledge of a second language, knowing the rules of language use, being aware of them and being able to talk about them. In non-technical terms, learning is to know consciously about a language. It may be described as explicit learning. Language specialists believe that acquiring a language is more successful and longer lasting than learning. Therefore, teachers these days encourage learners of a second language to practise and experience the language in different situations where they are involved in communicating with others. And that is exactly what the tasks in this book are designed to do. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1x5=5 (a) Communicative competence devalues/means/discourages the ability to use language appropriately. (b) Explicit learning refers to subconscious/careless/conscious knowledge of a language. (c) Acquiring a language is more difficult/temporary/effective than learning it. (d) Nowadays teachers inspire learners of a second language to practise/learn/ utilize the language in different situations. (e) Language specialists believe that learning a language is not so successful as/ like/ than acquiring it. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information. 1x5=5 (a) Acquisition of a language and learning it are the same process. (b) Implicit learning lasts longer than explicit learning. (c) Explicit learning takes much effort to learn. (d) Knowing the rules of language use is a part of 'implicit' learning. (e) People learn a second language subconsciously. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words in brackets. Add any preposition if necessary. 1x5=5 (a) English is (treat) ——— a foreign language. (b) Every person learns mother tongue (natural) ———. (c) Learning (differ) ——— acquisition in many ways. (d) There is an element of (spontaneous) ——— implicit learning. (e) You should be (competence) ——— communicating with others. 

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4. Make a list of five things about developing communicative competence in a second language. 1x5=5 Read the passage below and answer the questions 5 — 8: Every year millions of people all over the world die unnecessarily as a result of pollution. These unfortunate and avoidable deaths are brought about by four specific factors. Firstly, air pollution from factories, burning trash and vehicle fumes cause pneumonia, bronchitis and other respiratory diseases. Then, water pollution from industrial discharge, the indiscriminate disposal of toxic chemicals and the dumping of human waste into rivers and canals causes poisoning and water-borne disease such as cholera and diarrhoea. The next factor is the noise pollution from vehicle horns and microphones that might cause aggression and damage hearing. And finally, odour pollution from dumped or untreated human waste causes serious discomfort to our sense of smell and attracts disease-bearing creatures such as rats and flies. We should take determined action to control these problems and clean up the environment to avert these unnecessary diseases. 5. Write short answers to the following questions. 1x5=5 (a) What are the four types of pollution mentioned in the passage? (b) What is odour pollution? (c) How does air get polluted? (d) What is the effect of noise pollution? (e) How does the paragraph end? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1x5=5 Air and water are the two important (a) ——— of our environment. Many people die every year all over the world because of the (b) ——— of these elements. The unfortunate deaths (c) ——— by pollution can be avoided if we become (d) —— — of the disastrous (e) ——— of pollution. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences. 1x5=5

8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes of the flow-chart showing the effects of pollution (No. 1 has been done for you) 1x5=5 1. Causes pneumonia, bronchitis and other respiratory diseases

Part B: Vocabulary (20 Marks) 9. Fill in the gaps with suitable words from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need. 1x10=10 spelling language alphabetic find syllable neglect noun life synonyms picture friends antonyms Dictionaries are very important books in the (a) ——— of a people. A dictionary lists the words in a language (b) ———, so that the reader may (c) ——— them easily. A dictionary entry gives us the accepted (d) ——— of a word, its division into (e) ———, its pronunciation, its origins, and its meanings. Sometimes a dictionary also provides (f) ———, or opposites of a word. In addition, if the word is a (g) ——— that describes a visible thing, the dictionary may provide a 

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(h) ——— of it. Dictionaries of the past, present and future can become your teachers and good (i) ———. Don't (j) ——— them. 10. Fill in each gap with an appropriate word. 1x10=10 Sports are a popular form of (a) ———. Many international (b) ——— events are organised from time to time. Most of those events are (c) ——— by multinational manufacturing companies and business firms. They (d) ——— for the sport events in exchange for the right to (e) ——— their products during those events. These events are (f) ——— worldwide by satellite and people all (g) ——— the world watch them (h) ——— . As a result, the sponsors' products receive maximum media (i) ——— thus giving companies international (j) ———. Part C: Guided Writing (40 Marks) 11. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write out the sentences in full. 2x6=12 A B C (i) The culture of in one society complete picture a society of (ii) The patterns in Bangladesh are different from of behaviour those (iii) To know the can easily give a also can give culture some distinct (iv) The modes of a society we need to study of behaviour different (v) Language, between different are considered eating habits etc. cultures (vi) the existing of a society differ from those differences

D in Britain patterns of it cultural differences life and living of that society in other societies ideas about that society

12. The following sentences are jumbled. Rewrite them in the proper order and write them in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1x14=14 (i) The grocer sent his son with the fruit-seller. (ii) "Just the same way as mice can eat away the balance and weights," said the fruit-seller. (iii) Then one day, the fruit-seller said to the grocer, "I am going to the town to do some shopping." (iv) "You liar, how can a crow carry away such a big boy?" (v) After a few days, the fruit-seller asked the grocer to return his balance and weights. (vi) The next day the fruit-seller came back alone from the town. (vii) The grocer shouted angrily. (viii) One day a grocer borrowed a balance and weights from a fruit-seller. (ix) But he checked his temper. (x) Please send your son with me to carry my things. (xi)The grocer said, "The mice ate away your balance and weights. So I can't return them." (xii) "Where is my son?" asked the grocer. 

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(xiii) The lame excuse of the dishonest grocer made the fruit-seller very angry. (xiv) "A crow carried your son away," replied the fruit-seller. 13. Write a paragraph of about 150 words based on the following questions. Your answer to the questions should give as much detail as possible. 14 (a) What do you understand by eve-teasing? (b) Who are the common eveteasers? (c) What is your attitude to them? (d) Who are the main targets of this heinous act? (e) What are the causes of eve-teasing? (f) What are its effects? (g) What measures should be taken against eve-teasing? RAJSHAHI BOARD — 2011 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER Part A: Seen Comprehension (40 Marks) Read the passage below and answer the questions 1— 4 Ismail Hossain is an affluent man now. Through hard work and devotion, he has managed to turn the wheels of fortune. He was an unemployed youth of an impoverished family from Ekdala village in Natore Sadar thana. Through new knowledge, hard work and perseverance, he has brought prosperity to his family. Ismail Hossain, son of Zohar Ali, studied up to class eight. Poverty then forced him to look for work. He worked as a labourer before he joined the training programme of the Natore Horticulture Centre (NHC) and has remained associated with it since then. The officer-in-charge of NHC said that Ismail seemed to be an enthusiastic and energetic youth during the selection of village under NHC's command area. Ismail first received training in vegetable cultivation. Then he got a lease of land in his village and applied his new and improved knowledge to cultivate vegetables. He earned taka 25,000 as profit that year. In the same way, he made a profit of taka one lakh by cultivating quality cauliflowers the next year. Later, he bought some land and used it entirely to cultivate cauliflowers. He has also been raising hi-breed cows for milk as well as manure. Ismail's lot has changed radically. He said with a satisfactory smile, "I am very happy to be self-sufficient now. I had nothing of my own before, but now I have so much. It has been possible through my hard labour and systemic cultivation. The credit also goes to the NHC of course", he added. The officer-in-charge of NHC said, "I feel very proud of Ismail Hossain. He deserves national level recognition for his outstanding success." 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1x5=5 (a) Ismail Hossain has changed the wheels of fortune through defiance/diligence/ significance. (b) Ismail's fate has changed gradually/drastically/presently. (c) Ismail Hossain is a self-dependent/other dependent/proud man. (d) Ismail got disappointed /frightened /encouraged by the training programme. (e) The officer-in-charge is very disappointed / proud/disobedient of Ismail Hossain. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information. 1x5=5 (a) Ismail developed his family by hard labour. (b) He gained less profit by cultivating quality cauliflowers. (c) Training from the NHC helped Ismail see the happy days. (d) Ismail raised hi-breed cows for milk. 

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(e) Everybody said that Ismail's success should be nationally recognised. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words in brackets. Add any prepositions if necessary. 1x5=5 (a) Ismail Hossain was born in a poverty (strike) ——— family. (b) Stopping education he began to work as a day (labour) ———. (c) He received (agriculture) ——— training from NHC. (d) He bought a piece of land (cultivate) ———. (e)He proved that he was a (self-support) ——— man 4. Write five sentences about Ismail Hossain's outstanding success in life. 1x5=5 Read the passage below and answer the questions 5 — 8: Television has become the most common and widespread source of entertainment of the present world. A wide range of programmes of varied interest is telecast on numerous channels. Almost every middle class and even working class families have a television set today. Television programmes are not only entertaining; they can be highly educative too. For example, television is used for distance learning. Courses run by the Open University are shown on BTV. Several channels like the Discovery Channel and the National Geographic Channel telecast highly informative programmes. Watching TV, however, has become an addiction for many. Satellite telecasting has added new dimensions to television but it has sometimes been branded as a cultural assault on developing nations. The East is being exposed more and more to Western music, entertainment and modes of life. As a result, younger people's tastes are gradually being influenced by them. A major influence on American children's lives is the television shows they watch. TV viewing statistics are staggering: 96% of US homes have at least one television set, and children aged three to five watch an average of fifty hours of TV every week. By the time these kids graduate from high school, they will have spent more than 22,000 hours in front of the box but only 11,000 hours in school. Most research on the effects of TV on children centers round whether watching so much violence on TV makes them more aggressive. Many studies show that it does. Indeed TV watching influences children's learning style too. 5. Write short answer to the following questions. 1x5=5 (a) Why is television so popular in the present world? (b) What do numerous channels do? (c) What is cultural assault? (d) What are the good effects of television? (e) How are the young people being influenced? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable word/words. 1x5=5 Television has become the most (a) ——— source of entertainment in the modern world. Almost every middle class family of Bangladesh (b) ———a TV set. Television not only entertains (c) ——— but also educates them. Satellite channels of television have added a new (d) ——— in the field, (e) ——— television has become an addiction for many. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences. 1x5=5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow-chart showing the merits and demerits of watching television. (No. 1 has been done for you) 1x5 = 5 1. Watching television has good and bad sides

4 

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Part B: Vocabulary (20 Marks) 9. Fill in the gaps with suitable words from the box (make any grammatical change if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need.

1x10=10

joyous food become remain Gift favourite eager want flood invite Festive elders Children are very fond of festivals. They become very (a) ———on a day of festival. If it is their birthday, their joys become over (b) ———. They become very (c) —— to have wishes from their beloved persons. The whole day they (d) ——— to spend times in joy. Usually a child on its birthday, gets up early and tries to (e) ——— close to their parents. It (f) ——— a nice day, if it is presented anything very (g) —— to it. Children also want to have their friends (h) ——— to their house on a festival. They expect to have a party. Their joys give pleasure to their (i) ———. We should try to keep the children always in a (j) ——— mind. 10. Fill in the gaps with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Computer is one of the latest important and most (a) —— invention of science. A computer performs three important (b) ———. It receives data, processes data (c) ——— various computations and emits data. Computer now (d) ——— us in various ways. In a (e) ——— minutes a computer can perform calculations that a trained mathematicians would need years to complete. Now computers are (f) — ——used in agricultural farms. Trains and planes are run by the (g) ———. (h) ——— results can be accurately given by computer within the shortest span of time. The computer has become very sophisticated and can perform (i) ——— complicated tasks. This is why many people call the computer "an electronic (j) ———." Part C: Guided Writing (40 Marks) 11. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write out the sentences in full. 2x6=12 A (a) Mount Everest which is (b) It was named after (c) Climbing mountains like Everest (d) After two months of difficult and dangerous climbing

B is difficult and dangerous

C D who was the first to of the highest survey mountain in the world the peak of Everest and have gone into is the highest the history as the mountain in the first conquerors world in the Himalayan because there is the Himalayas in Mountains snow all over and 1841 Edmund Hillary in North India and Tenzing Norkay reached the top on May 10 

exciting and challenging to them

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(e) Musa Ibrahim conquered

the daring mountaineers are not daunted an English man, George Everest

because mountains always look

at 6 A.M on 23 May 2010

(f) In spite of all as the first there are snowdifficulties and Bangladeshi slides and cracks dangers mountaineer under ice and snow 12. Rewrite the jumbled sentences in the proper order to make a continuous paragraph. 1x14=14 (i) The lion laughed and said, "O you! Are you suitable to help me?" (ii) The lion also said, "You are small in size but really worthy." (hi) While coming out of the net, the lion said, "It is a great lesson for me." (iv) In fact, the strong or mighty one is also dependent on the weak one. (v) "Many thanks to you. You have saved my life," said the lion. (vi) From then the lion became kind-hearted even to the tiny creatures. (vii) The mouse was proud of saving the lion. (viii) The lion caught the mouse and it began to tremble with fear. (ix) Once a lion was sleeping in a cave. (x) Listening to this, the mouse came swiftly and found the lion in a trap. (xi) At that time, a mouse fell upon its body while playing. (xii) After some days the lion fell into a trap and was crying loudly for help. (xiii) The mouse remembered his promise and cut the net into pieces and let the lion come out. (xiv) The mouse said, "Let me go now; sooner or later, I may help you." 13. Write a paragraph of about 100 words based on the following questions. Your answers to the questions should give as much detail as possible. 14 (a) Where is Bangladesh located? (b) When did she get her freedom? (c) Where is the capital of Bangladesh? (d) What are the different religions here? (e) What are some of the customs and traditions that people follow here? DINAJPUR BOARD — 2011 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER Part A: Seen Comprehension (40 Marks) Read the passage below and answer the questions 1 — 4 Bonsai is the art of growing trees and other plants in small containers in such a way that it becomes the miniature of a real tree. A Bonsai tree may be 10 years old but have a height of one foot only. The art of Bonsai originated perhaps more than 1000 years ago in China. Early Japanese aristocrats also showed a fondness for Bonsai and contributed greatly to its development. Bonsai is different from normal pot-planting as it is considered an art form. A Bonsai tree is carefully shaped to remain small but still has the appearance of a large tree. It does not need large pots but small containers and not much of soil. A Bonsai container has holes in the bottom which are covered with small nets so that the soil does not flow out with the water. The plant is then taken out of its original pot and one-third of its root is cut off. It is then tied to the bottom of the pot with the help of wires. Soil is then spread over it to cover the container, but about an inch of the root is allowed to stay above the soil to enhance beauty. The soft branches of the plant are coiled by wires so that they are compelled to grow the way the planter wants them to grow. This allows the planter to give the 

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tree a particular shape. A Bonsai plant is never allowed to grow too high. In fact, Bonsai is classified in two ways— (a) the style in which the branches are planted and shaped and (b) their sizes. Plants that are under 6 inches are called miniature, 6-12 inches: small, 12-24 inches : medium, and those more than 24 inches are called large. Almost all woody plants can be grown as Bonsai. The art of Bonsai is now quite popular in many places of the world. For some people, it is not only an interesting pastime but also a money maker. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1x5=5 (a) Early Japanese aristocrats protested/advanced/distorted the growth of Bonsai. (b) A Bonsai plant is allowed to grow as a replica/tiny model/duplicate of a large tree. (c) Intimate /abrupt/crude nurture is required for the desired appearance of a Bonsai tree. (d) A portion of the root is kept above the soil to diminish/magnify/decrease the beauty of Bonsai tree. (e) Wires are used in a Bonsai plant to liberate/stop/control its growth in a particular way. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information. 1x5=5 (a) Bonsai is a new form of pot-planting. (b) A Bonsai tree may grow to a height of 10 feet. (c) There are holes at the bottom of a Bonsai container to allow extra water to flow out. (d) Miniature Bonsai tree can be larger than six inches. (e) Some people not only grow Bonsai trees but also sell them. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words in brackets. Add any prepositions if necessary. 1x5=5 (a) Bonsai, an extraordinary branch of pot-planting was (origin)-the Chinese. (b) Japanese were also (responsibility)-the development of the Bonsai. (c) Giant trees can be (reduce)-proportions so small that they may be held in the palm of the hand. (d) Bonsai plants are (care) -designed for in shallow containers containing a little soil. (e) Hundreds of years of highly skilled planting techniques (give)-rise to these tree miniatures of real trees. 4. Make a list of five steps which are followed in shaping of a Bonsai tree. 1x5=5 Read the passage below and answer the questions 5 — 8: A society's culture is made up of all of its ideas and ways of behaving. Language, music, ideas about what is bad and good, ways of working and playing, and the tools and other objects made and used by people in the society — all these are part of a society's culture. As studying a person's repeated actions is a good way to find out about that person, studying the important patterns of an entire society is a way to learn about the culture of that group. Patterns of behaviour and action vary from individual to individual, class to class, society to society and country to country. These differences are referred to as cultural differences. What is an appropriate mode of behaviour in one culture might prove inappropriate or even rude in another culture. For example, when Latin Americans talk to each other, they stand about 18 to 12 inches apart, measured nose to nose. To stand further away from each other while 

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talking seems unfriendly to them. In some Arab countries too, the proper and polite distance for a conversation is to be close enough to feel the other person's breath. But in British or American society, getting so close during a conversation is considered inappropriate. 5. Write short answers to the following questions. 1x5=5 (a) Which elements are considered the parts of a society's culture? (b) From this passage what do you understand by cultural differences? (c)What is the appropriate mode of talking to each other in Latin America? Why do they do so? (d) Write your own idea about why some Arabs stand so close to each other at the time of conversation? (e) How are the British and American societies different from the Latin American? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1x5=5 When people arrive in a new country, it is always hard for them to (a) ——— a new lifestyle. A new language, society and culture can cause (b) ——— among the closest people, like parents and children. On the one hand, parents try to build a new life, study a new language, look for a job, and sometimes they do not (c) — — have enough time to pay attention to their children. On the other hand, when children go to a new school, they experience (d) ——— shock. They do not know the language, they do not understand their teachers, and they want to become (e) ——— in their new school among new classmates. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences. 1x5=5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow-chart defining the concept of culture with examples of cultural differences. (No. 1 has been done for you) 1x5=5 1. Culture understood by ideas and behavior pattern

Part B: Vocabulary (20 Marks) 9. Fill in the gaps with suitable words from the box. Make any grammatical changes if needed. 1x10=10 arrive massive remain spectacular round permanent know present right symbol office construction In 1884 France (a) ——— the United States with gift as a dramatic gesture of friendship. This (b) —— gift was in the form of a huge copper statue. Its (c) —— — name is "Liberty Enlightening the world". Most people, however, (d) ——— it simply as the statue of liberty. The pieces of the statue (e) ——— in the United States in 214 cases. The French people donated the money for the (f) ——— of the statue. Grateful, the people of the United States collected the funds for the (g) ——— granite and concrete pedestal. This impressive monument found a (h) — —— home on Liberty Island in New York harbour. At 151 feet and 1 inch high, it 

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(i) ——— one of the largest statues in the world. The monumental lady with the torch quickly became a (j) ——— of American democracy. 10. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Returning home can be very difficult. When people (a) ——— to their home countries, they often find many changes. The (b) ——— old streets may not look the same. People they remember may not (c) ——— them. If they go back to their own childhood house, the house may look very (d) ———. It may (e)-small and cramped. One woman wrote that she returned to her (f) ——— and her house was gone. In its (g) ———, there was a little, modern grocery shop. No one (h) —— — her. She was extremely (i) ———. It is also possible to return to a place where everyone remembers you. That makes a person feel happy inside: at least you were not (j) ———. Part C: Guided Writing (40 Marks) 11. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write out the sentences in full. 2 x 6 = 12 A (i) The ancient mariner

B opened

D flying until they arrived in cold grey seas the marriage guest towards the ship

(ii) He and the other being sailors (iii) The big white sails of an albatross as a bird of good omen their ship (iv) The weather told very cold, there about his last journey were to the sea (v) One day the sailors welcomed it to the south blew them quickly saw through the icy waters (vi) All of them

sailed away wide as the strong no birds or animals in wind the sea 12. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Rewrite the sentences in the proper order to make a continuous story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) Discouraged, some of the men began to pack up, when, all on a sudden, a whirlpool was noticed in the nearest water. (ii) The fish was five feet of the shore now and was fighting harder than ever. (iii) Then the man who caught it said, "He's too beautiful to keep, let him swim another day." (iv) It was an hour before dawn and the beach was cold and windy. (v) All the men on the beach stared at the magnificent fish for a minute. (vi) Yes, there was a blue fish on the line that fought furiously. (vii) And with that he threw the fish back into the ocean and watched it swim away. (viii) Eventually it could not resist the man's strength, and it was pulled ashore. (ix) Until the moment, the men had struggled a lot, but their efforts went unrewarded. (x) Some fishermen in the distance were waiting to catch the giant blue fish— the talk of the town. 

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(xi) The fishermen tried to pull him in, but the fish would not give up. (xii) Its gills opened and closed as if it were exhausted from the fight. (xiii) The battle continued. (xiv) Fighting to be free, it was trapped in one man's pole, and the man tightened his grip. JESSORE BOARD — 2011 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER Part A: Seen Comprehension (40 Marks) Read the passage below and answer the questions 1 — 4: Sports are a popular form of entertainment. Many international sporting events are organized from time to time. Most of these events are sponsored by multinational manufacturing companies and business firms. They pay for the sports events in exchange for the right to advertise their products during those events. These events are telecast worldwide by satellite and people all over the world watch them live. As a result, the sponsor's products receive maximum media coverage thus giving companies international recognition. This is only the commercial aspect of international sport but there are other aspects too. The sports venue becomes a meeting place of people from different countries. When people of different nations get together on the occasion of an international sporting event, they come closer to each other, sharing views, opinions and friendship. This opportunity creates a sense of brotherhood and a sprit of mutual co-operation among them. Moreover, getting acquainted with different cultures helps to break down prejudice and broaden outlook. If globalisation has anything to do with the development of international relationship, then sports can certainly contribute in a big way to this. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1x5=5 (a) Sports have a great amused /amusing /boring value. (b) Global sports break down friendship/culture/prejudices. (c) Multinational companies patronize /deliberate /broadcast sports. (d) Sports are considered to be boredom / amusement /betterment. (e) These sports are telecast through out the world/provincially/spiritually by satellite. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information. 1x5=5 (a) Sports contribute a little to globalisation. (b) Sports help international trade and commence in various ways. (c) Multinational manufacturing companies sponsor sports to get reputation. (d) International sporting events are organised with intervals. (e) Enjoying the advertisement during sports is considered a popular form of entertainment. 3. Fill in the gaps with correct forms of words in the bracket. Add any preposition if necessary. 1x5=5 (a) The people of the world can come (close) ——— international sporting events. (b) Sports have (contribute) ——— attitude to globalization. (c) Multinational companies pay for the (sport) ——— events to advertise their products. (d) Sports are highly (entertainment) ———. (e) Satellite channels (telecast) ——— the international sport events. 

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4. Make a list of five important things related ports and globalisation. 1x5=5 Read the passage below and answer the questions5-8. Gender discrimination in Bangladesh begins at birth. Most parents want to have children so that they can, when they are older, supplement their family income and/or help with the domestic work. In the existing socio-economic set-up, male children are best suited to this purpose. So girls are born to an unwelcome world. However, they are assigned, rather confined to, domestic chores. Some of these girls may be at school. But all their work−domestic or academic−stops as soon as they are married off, which is the prime concern of the parents about their daughters. This discriminatory treatment has some long-term negative effects on the body and mind of the girl children and women in a family. They are given to understand that they should keep the best food available for the male members in the family; that they should eat less than the male members; that they should not raise their voice when they speak; that they should not go out of their house without permission from, and without being escorted by the male members. All these shape, the girls' thinking about life and the world, and go to establish their relationships with the male members in the family. As a result: They suffer, more than their male counterparts, from malnutrition and anaemia which make them vulnerable to various diseases, resulting in a high mortality rate. 5. Write short answers to the following questions. 1x5=5 (a) What do you understand by gender discrimination? (b) Why do parents in Bangladesh prefer a male child? (c) How is the birth of a girl unwelcome? (d) What is the prime concern of parents in our country about their daughters? (e) What is the result of the discriminatory treatment to the girl children? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1x5=5 Girl members in Bangladeshi family do not receive the same (a) ——— as the male members. The (b) ——— against girls, in fact, begins as soon as they are born. As they grow up, caring for domestic chores become their main (c) ———. Some of them are sent to (d) ———. But everything stops as soon as their parents are able to arrange their (e) ———. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences. 1x5=5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow-chart showing the position of a girl or a woman in the family. (No. 1 has been done for you) 1x5=5 1. A girl's birth in a hostile world

Part B: Vocabulary (20 Marks) 9. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the following list. There are more words any grammatical changes if necessary). 1x10=10 identity student

pioneer remembered

leader now

man know

than then 

went design

combining concept

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Hamidur Rahman was the (a) ——— who gave shape to the (b) ——— and design of the Shaheed Minar, by (c) ——— all the aspirations of Bengali (d) —— — and nationalism. He was the first art (e) ——— of Bangladesh who in the 1950s (f) ——— to Europe and studied at "Ecole de Beaux Art" in Paris. He was the (g) ——— of the new painting movement to the (h) ——— Pakistan. But he is most (i) ——— for his remarkable (j) ——— of the Central Shaheed Minar. 10. Fill in the blanks with a suitable word in each gap. 1x10=10 Rose is a symbol of (a) ———. I have a rose garden. The garden looks (b) —— —when the roses bloom. It (c) ——— sweet. The (d) ——— and fragrance of the rose attract all. I pluck roses from my garden (e) —— our house (f) ———. Nowadays many people (g) ——— roses. The (h) ——— of rose is profitable. So we should (i) ——— roses not only to earn money but also to (j) ——— our houses. Part C: Guided Writing (40 Marks) 11. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write out the sentences in full. 2x6=12 A B C D (i) The sacrifice of will is be frustrated the people (ii) No nation had of the country no way unprecedented in the to world history (iii) To the people within three million people ahead fast (iv) They want to raise (v)

It is hoped

are trying to go

poverty and ignorance

of Bangladesh for two decades Bangladesh a developed country the independence will become

(vi) The aspiration sacrifice

themselves from

for independence

12. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Rewrite the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1x14=4 (i) The grocer sent his son with the fruit-seller. (ii) "Just the same way as mice can eat away the balance and weights,” said the fruit-seller. (iii) Then one day, the fruit-seller said to the grocer, "I am going to the town to do some shopping." (iv) "You liar, how can a crow carry away such a big boy?" (v) After a few days, the fruit-seller asked the grocer to return his balance and weights. (vi) The next day the fruit-seller came back alone from the town. (vii) The grocer shouted angrily. (viii) One day, a grocer borrowed a balance and weights from a fruit-seller. (ix) But he checked his temper. (x) Please, send your son with me to carry my things. (xi) The grocer said, "The mice are away your balance and weights. So, I can't return them." (xii) "Where is my son?" asked the grocer. 

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(xiii) The lame excuse of the dishonest grocer made the fruit-seller very angry. (xiv) "A crow carried your son away," replied the fruit-seller. 13. Write a paragraph of about 100 words based on the following questions. Your answer to the questions should give as much details as possible. 14 (a) What is War of Independence? (b) When did our War of Independence take place? (c) What happened in the war? (d) When did we become free? (e) How do we celebrate our independence? COMILLA BOARD — 2011 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER Part A: Seen Comprehension (40 Marks) Read the passage below and answer the questions 1— 4: The unit by which the loudness of sound is measured is called a decibel. According to the UN, the normal tolerance limit of sound is 45 decibels. When the vibration of sound is at a tolerable, pleasant level, it is simply called sound. But when it is sharp and harsh to the ears, it becomes noise. Serious harm can be caused to people if they are regularly exposed to sounds exceeding 70 decibels. Because of the growth of urban population and the increasing use of machines in our everyday life there has been a general increase in the level of sound around us. On an average, people in the cities are exposed to sounds ranging from 30 to 90 decibels or even more. A study in Japan has found that housewives who live in the city were exposed to almost the same amount of sound that a factory worker was exposed to at his/her workplace. The occupations that the study found to be the noisiest were factory work, truck driving and primary school teaching. Many developed countries are trying to control sound pollution by careful town planning and developing public awareness. In Holland schools are not allowed near airports and houses which are situated near airports are provided with special types of insulation to limit the sound heard inside the buildings. 1. Choose the right word/expression to complete each sentence. 1x5=5 (a) We know that the loudness of sound is measured by decibel/sonometer/ phonometer. (b) Serious harm can be caused to people if they are exposed to more than 17/70/75 decibels. (c) The noisiest occupations, according to a study in Japan, were two/three/four. (d) Decibel is connected with physics/geography/history. (e) Sound is milder /sharper/more unwholesome than noise. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information 1x5=5 (a) Sound pollution is acute in pastoral areas. (b) Sound exceeding 70 decibels is detrimental to man. (c) In Holland houses are allowed near airport. (d) The difference between sound and noise depends upon the nature of vibration. (e) Noise is beyond the control of man. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of words in the brackets. Add any preposition if necessary. 1x5=5 (a) Living in a (noise) —— environment may be harmful for man. (b) Decibel is a unit of (measure) —— sound. (c) If it is sharp and harsh to ears, it (call) —— noise. (d) (Develop) —— public awareness is necessary to control sound pollution. 

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(e) Town areas are (noise) —— than remote areas. 4. Make a list of five things that are responsible for the sound pollution. 1x5=5 Read the passage below and answer the questions 5 — 8: Ismail Hossain is an affluent man now. Through hard work and devotion, he has managed to turn the wheels of fortune. He was an unemployed youth of an impoverished family from Ekdala village in Natore Sadar thana. Through new knowledge, hard work and perseverance, he has brought prosperity to his family. Ismail Hossain, son of Zohar Ali, studied up to class eight. Poverty then forced him to look for work. He worked as a labourer before he joined the training programme of the Natore Horticulture Centre (NHC) and has remained associated with it since then. The officer-in-charge of NHC said that Ismail seemed to be an enthusiastic and energetic youth during the selection of village under NHC's command area. Ismail first received training in vegetable cultivation. Then he got a lease of land in his village and applied his new and improved knowledge to cultivate vegetables. He earned taka 25,000 as profit that year. In the same way, he made a profit of taka one lakh by cultivating quality cauliflowers the next year. Later, he bought some land and used it entirely to cultivate cauliflowers. He has also been raising hi-breed cows for milk as well as manure. Ismail's lot has changed radically. He said with a satisfactory smile, "I am very happy to be self-sufficient now. I had nothing of my own before, but now I have so much. It has been possible through my hard labour and systematic cultivation. The credit also goes to the NHC of course", he added. The officer-in-charge of NHC said, "I feel very proud of Ismail Hossain. He deserves national level recognition for his outstanding success." 5. Write short answer to the questions below. 1x5=5 (a) How did Ismail bring prosperity to his family? (b) Why did Ismail give up study? (c) What did Ismail do before joining the training programme at the NHC? (d) How did Ismail make a profit of one lakh taka? (e) What, according to the officer-in-charge, did Ismail deserve? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1x5=5 Ismail Hossain was an unemployed youth of a (a) ——— family. He has brought prosperity to his family by dint of (b) ——— labour. He (c) ——— vegetables and made a profit of 25,000 taka. By cultivating (d) ——— cauliflowers, he made a profit of taka one lakh next year. Now he thinks that he is a (e) ——— man. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences. 1x5=5 8. Based on your reading of the above passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow-chart showing the different activities of Ismail leading to success in life. (No. 1 has been done for you) 1x5=5 1. Attended the training at NHC

Part B: Vocabulary (20 Marks) 9. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the following list. There are more words than you need. Make any grammatical changes if necessary). 1x10=10 waste community sphere women family returns 

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educate develop

children

welfare

mother

sector

Education for girls is essential for the development in all (a) —— of the society. So, investments in the education of (b) —— will bring in greater (c) —— in the field of economic and social (d) ——. Educated women can contribute more to the family (e) —— than those who have no schooling. Educated (f) —— are more likely to send their (g) —— to school and look after their health and nutrition. Thus (h) —— women can contribute to the (i) —— development. On the other hand, failure to educate women is a tremendous (j) —— of human resource. 10. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Banks are often unable or unwilling to lend (a) —— to the poorer section of the society. The Grameen Bank (b) —— credit to the poor, particularly rural (c) ——. There are about 800 micro-finance (d) —— in the country. It is estimated that they have (e) —— employment for about 54,000 people. A recent (f) —— indicates that micro-credit programmes had a (g) —— effect on socio-economic variables (h) —— children's schooling, nutrition and family (i) —— and about 5% of programme participants rose above (j) —— line. Part C: Guided Writing (40 Marks) 11. Match the phrases/words in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write the sentences in full. 2x6=12 A B C D (i) A large number themselves in one solution to vocations. (ii) It is not provides loans and themselves can engage employment all. (iii)Self-employment of people in or other of these this problem. (iv) It means possible for the (v) People can train is a possible

Bangladesh are counseling to start

earning activity. in economic activities. unemployed. 1x14=14

(vi) The government that people government to give 12. Write the number of the sentences in the proper order. (i) The blacks were subjected to all sorts of indignities. (ii) But the oppressive rulers could not break the spirit. (iii) Nelson Mandela was the greatest leader of South Africa. (iv) Eventually, the great leader realised the goal of liberating his own people. (v) In fact, he was one of the greatest leaders of the world. (vi) All his life he struggled against apartheid. (vii) They were aliens in their own country. (viii) It was government policy of racial segregation. (ix) The blacks were treated cruelly. (x) He was thrown behind the prison. (xi) The great leader vowed to put an end to the inhuman practice. (xii) They were denied all basic human rights. (xiii) The Europeans were separated from the non-Europeans. (xiv) Even dogs received a much better treatment than the blacks. 

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13. Write a paragraph of about 100 words based on the following questions. Your answers to the questions should give as much detail as possible. 14 (a) What is meant by premature marriage? (b) Who are the victims of premature marriage? (c) What are the causes of premature marriage? (d) What problems does premature marriage create in society? (e) What suggestions do you have to solve the problem? CHITTAGONG BOARD — 2011 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER Part A: Seen Comprehension (40 Marks) Read the passage below and answer the questions 1— 4 : Ismail Hossain is an affluent man now. Through hard work and devotion, he has managed to turn the wheels of fortune. He was an unemployed youth of an impoverished family from Ekdala village in Natore Sadar thana. Through new knowledge, hard work and perseverance, he has brought prosperity to his family. Ismail Hossain, son of Zohar Ali, studied up to class eight. Poverty then forced him to look for work. He worked as a labourer before he joined the training programme of the Natore Horticulture Centre (NHC) and has remained associated with it since then. The officer-in-charge of NHC said that Ismail seemed to be an enthusiastic and energetic youth during the selection of village under NHC's command area. Ismail first received training in vegetable cultivation. Then he got a lease of land in his village and applied his new and improved knowledge to cultivate vegetables. He earned taka 25,000 as profit that year. In the same way, he made a profit of taka one lakh by cultivating quality cauliflowers the next year. Later, he bought some land and used it entirely to cultivate cauliflowers. He has also been raising hi-breed cows for milk as well as manure. Ismail's lot has changed radically. He said with a satisfactory smile, "I am very happy to be self-sufficient now. I had nothing of my own before, but now I have so much. It has been possible through my hard labour and systemic cultivation. The credit also goes to the NHC of course", he added. The officer-in-charge of NHC said, "I feel very proud of Ismail Hossain. He deserves national level recognition for his outstanding success." 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1x5=5 (a) Ismail Hossain is insolvent/solvent/destitute now. (b) Ismail has changed his lot through diligence/elegance/defiance. (c) The officer-in-charge of NHC boasts/talks/derides of Ismail. (d) Ismail got a lease of land before his training/after his training/during his training. (e) Ismail's fate has changed slowly/drastically/presently. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information. 1x5=5 (a) Ismail Hossain could not receive higher education. (b) Ismail had enlightened his life by hard labour. (c) Ismail earned taka 1,00,000 as profit for the first time. (d) Before receiving training, Ismail led a very happy life. (e) The officer-in-charge made adverse comment about Ismail Hossain. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words in the brackets. Add any preposition if necessary. 1x5=5 (a) Ismail bought some land in order to use it for (cultivate) —— cauliflowers. (b) His hard work brought (radically) —— change of his lot. 

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(c) The officer-in-charge takes (proud) —— Ismail's success. (d) His fortune (changed) —— for his hard labour. (e) Once Ismail Hossain (unemploy) ——. 4. Make a list of five qualities of Ismail Hossain. 1x5=5 Read the passage below and answer the questions 5 — 8: As his reputation as a scientist soared higher and higher, fate followed with less rewarding things. Stephen Hawking gradually started losing control over the muscles of his body as he gradually became a victim of Gehrig's disease. Since the age of thirty, he has been confined to the wheelchair with no power to control his body except for some limited movement of his head and hands only. He can speak only through a computer with a voice synthesiser that converts his messages into sounds. But such a tremendous physical handicap has not managed to dishearten or slow him down. Stephen is still a relentless worker, using his computer to carry out research work as well as deliver lectures. He lives with his wife and three daughters and is provided with twenty-four hour nursing facilities by an American organization for his physical well-being. 5. Write short answers to the following questions. 1x5=5 (a) Why has Stephen Hawking been confined to a wheelchair? (b) How does Hawking carry out his works? (c) Whom does he live with? (d) What facilities is Hawking provided with? (e) How can Stephen speak? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1x5=5 Stephen is thought to be the greatest physicist after Einstein. He is a (a) —— personality. Though he is physically handicapped, he is more (b) —— than a normal human being. He (c) —— through a voice synthesiser. He does his research (d) ——. He (e) —— with his wife and three daughters. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences. 1x5=5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short note in each of the boxes in the flow-chart showing physical condition of Stephen Hawking. (No. 1 has been done for you) 1x5=5 1. Became victim of Gehrig’s

Part B: Vocabulary (20 Marks) 9. Fill in the gaps of the given passage using suitable words from the box. (Make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need. 1x10=10 warmer gradual

flood rise

change climate evidence destroy

catastrophic unnecessary

severely prediction

alarm increase

The world is getting (a) —— because of pollution. Every year millions of people all over the world die (b) —— as a result of pollution. In recent years, there have been many (c) —— reports that the world's (d) ——..is undergoing a significant (e) —— . All these reports provide strong (f) —— that world temperatures are (g) —— day 

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by day. Climatologists (h) —— that mid way through the next century temperature may have (i) —— as much as 4 centigrade. This could raise sea levels and thereby (j) —— coastal areas and farmlands. 10. Fill in the blanks using an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Today women (a) —— an important role in all spheres of life. They (b) —— no longer within the four walls of their home. They have (c) —— out of their kitchens and are (d) —— with men in all the development programmes of the government. Many women have (e) —— higher education and are (f) —— as doctors, engineers, teachers, administrators, judges etc. They have been able to (g) —— their worth. However, women still face (h) —— discrimination. Many girls are married (i) —— at an early age. Many never (j) —— to school. Part C: Guided Writing (40 Marks) 11. Match the phrases/words in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write the sentences in full. 2x6=12 A B C D (i) Socrates brought sentenced round him (ii) He began to against Socrates (iii) The young men was jealous to death (iv) The rulers of Athens wanted a great philosopher of ancient Greece (v) They was two charges among the people (iv) This great man grew to spread knowledge of his popularity 12. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Rewrite the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1x14=14 (i) Patients used to come to him from far and near for treatment. (ii) He could treat the boil in three ways. (iii) Finding no other way, the poor village folk called in him. (iv) Then, he prided himself on his success. (v) Some of his patients were cured. (vi) Once, there lived a shrewd barbar in a village. (vii) He would operate boils with his razor. (viii) They complained of this and that. (ix) The barber pretended to know all about diseases and their cures. (x) He was more than a mere barber but a false doctor. (xi) To him, cutting boils was as simple as shaving beard. (xii) In pain and agony, the patient would cry aloud. (xiii) The barber treated them in their illness. (xiv) He was a specialist in treating boils. 13. Answer the following questions to make it a continuous paragraph. Your answers should give as much detail as possible. 14 (a) Where is Bangladesh located? (b) When did she get her freedom? (c) Where is the capital of Bangladesh? (d) What are the different religions here? (e) What are some of the common customs and traditions that people follow? (fj What are the main tourist spots in Bangladesh? SYLHET BOARD —2011 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER 

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Part A: Seen Comprehension (40 Marks) Read the passage below and answer Questions 1-4: One very conspicuous change in our society is the presence of working women outside the home. Of course it has to be acknowledged that women have always worked within the household but this commonly is not counted as "work". It is unfortunate that women's roles in agricultural societies (as in our village, particularly during harvest time) has not been recognised either. Whether it is due to economic necessity or the urge to establish an individual identity or both, now a days many women are entering the out side work force. They are joining in wide range of professions. Moreover it is not only educated women who are opting to work but women with little or no education have come out of their cocoons to earn and become self reliant. This does not mean that life is any easier for women now. In many ways it is difficult since women must still fulfill their traditional roles of wife, mother and homemaker. At work, as they compete with men they have to prove their worth twice over in order to survive. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1x5=5 (a) Now a days women are joining different occupations/work/actions. (b) Women's participation in outdoor activities is a sign of great/vivid/wonderful change. (c) The presence of working women outside the home is alarming/ decreasing/increasing. (d) The economic necessity or the urge to establish their individual identity has made our women enter/care/earn the outside workforce. (e) They need to compete with men to prove their hospitality/ humanity/capability. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information. 1x5=5 (a) Today women are relieved of their household activities. (b) Nowadays life has become easier for women. (c) Women no longer confine themselves to their cocoons. (d) Only those women who have education are opting to work outside the home. (e) In traditional sense, women's work at home is considered to be work. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words in the brackets. Add any preposition if necessary. 1x5=5 (a) The household chores (do) —— by women should be counted as work. (b) Women (have) —— little education also want to be self-reliant. (c) In this present age women's (depend) —— men sounds foolish. (d) Now women have to prove their ability by (compete) —— -men. (e) A large number of women are joining the workforce for the (attain) —— their self-reliance. 4. Make a list of five important activities done by both educated and uneducated women in this present age. 1x5=5 Read the passage below and answer the questions from 5—8: Every year millions of people all over the world die unnecessarily as a result of pollution. These unfortunate and avoidable deaths are brought about by four specific factors. Firstly, air pollution from factories, burning trash and vehicle fumes cause pneumonia, bronchitis and other respiratory diseases. Then, water pollution from 

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industrial discharge, the indiscriminate disposal of toxic chemicals and the dumping of human waste into rivers and canals causes poisoning and water-borne disease such as cholera and diarrhoea. The next factor is the noise pollution from vehicle horns and microphones that might cause aggression and damage hearing. And finally, odour pollution from dumped or untreated human waste causes serious discomfort to our sense of smell and attracts disease-bearing creatures such as rats and flies. We should take determined action to control these problems and clean up the environment to avert these unnecessary diseases. 5. Write short answer to the following questions. 1x5=5 (a) How does noise pollution affect us? (b) What happens if human waste is not treated? (c) What is necessary to avoid these unnecessary diseases? (d) What are the factors that bring about some unfortunate deaths? (e) How is sound polluted? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1x5=5 Air pollution and water pollution are (a) —— responsible for the (b) —— millions of people all over the world. Air is (c) —— with diferent types of smoke. People run mills and factories which (d) —— smoke and pollute air. Water gets (e) —— when toxic chemicals and human waste are thrown into rivers and canals. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences. 1x5=5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow-chart showing the different types of pollution and their ultimate effect (No. 1 has been done for you) 1x5=5 1. Four actors of pollution

Part B: Vocabulary (20 Marks) 9. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box. (Make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need. 1x10=10 wake obtain expression go till be moment integral perceive what by use Language (a) —— an important medium of expression of thoughts, feelings, ideas etc. We use it from the (b) —— we wake up in the morning (c) —— we go to bed at night. We use language not only during our (d) —— language to (e) —— what we feel and to say (f) —— hours but also in our dreams. We use we like or dislike. We also use it to (g) —— information. In short, language is an (h) —— part of what we do, (i) —— and believe. We must avoid (j) —— bad language. 10. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Jerry, an (a) —— of twelve lived in the orphanage. The writer hired a cabin (b) — —to the orphanage. Jerry came to the cabin to (c) —— wood for the writer. He also (d) —— some extra work for the (e) —— of the writer. Once he (f) —— a cubbyhole where he dry fire (g) —— some kindling and medium wood (h) —— that the writer might (i) —— materials ready in (j) —— of sudden wet weather. Part C: Guided Writing (40 Marks) 

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11. Match the phrases/words in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write the sentences in full. 2x6=12 A B C D (i) Robinson Crusoe wanted that Crusoe should at all (ii) He did not want to be a sailor England (iii) His father was born him from his boyhood (iv) He wanted in one day (v) His father did not like the idea go to sea (vi) Crusoe left home for the sea to be a lawyer 12. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Rewrite the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1x14=14 (i) So some frogs made their home in the pond. (ii) One day some boys were going by the side of the pond. (iii) Then the boys began to throw stones into the pond for fun. (iv) There was a little pond in a village. (v) Many of them were hurt very seriously and killed. (vi) It was not so deep and its water was not clean and pure. (vii) So they were living there very happily. (viii) The villagers did not bathe there and drink its water, (ix) The stones hit the frogs one by one. (x) An old man saw it and forbade the boys to kill them. (xi) No one even disturbed them. (xii) But the frogs did not know how to save their lives. (xiii) The frogs played and sang there all the time. (xiv) They found the playful frogs in the pond. 13. Write a paragraph of about 100 words based on the following questions. Your answer to the questions should give as much detail as possible. 14 (a) Where is Bangladesh situated? (b) What do you know about her climate? (c) What are the main rivers and crops of this country? (d) What do you know about its forests? (e) What do you know about its mountains?

BARISAL BOARD — 2011 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER Part A: Seen Comprehension (40 Marks) Read the passage below and answer questions 1-4: In recent years, there have been many alarming reports that the world's climate is undergoing a significant change. All these reports provide strong evidence that world temperatures are increasing day by day. This increase in global warming is caused by increased amounts of carbon dioxide around the earth. Most climatologists believe that the greenhouse effect is the likely cause of this global warming. What is the greenhouse effect? It is the gradual warning of the air surrounding the earth as a result of heat being trapped by environmental pollution. This is exemplified by the destruction and burning down of tropical rain forests, by traffic that clogs up city streets, by the rapid growth of industry, the use of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) in 

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packaging and manufacturing commercial products, the use of detergents such as washing powder and washing-up liquid and so on. The oceans are also said to be affected both because of human waste and because of pollution caused by industrial waste products, oil seeping from damaged supertankers and from other maritime disasters. However, the main culprits for global warming are carbon dioxide gas, produced by the burning of fossil fuels and forests, and pollutants such as methane and chlorofluorocarbons. Climatologists predict that midway through the next century, temperatures may have risen by as much as 4°C. This could catastrophically reduce mankind's ability to grow food, destroy or severely damage wildlife and wilderness, raise sea level and thereby flood coastal areas and farmland. The alarming news about Bangladesh is that as a result of the rise of the sea level, the lower southern part of the country may one day go under water. 1. Choose the right word complete each sentence. 1x5=5 (a) There are encouraging/frightening/amusing reports on climate change. (b) Greenhouse effect is the certain/probable/authentic cause of global warming. (c) There is prediction that temperatures may rise as much as 4°C in the 30s/50s/80s of the next century. (d) The rise in world temperature may affect food production/food distribution/food management. (e) The main culprits for global warming are two/three/four in number. 2. True/False. If false, give the correct information. 1x5=5 (a) Heat trapped by environmental pollution results in greenhouse effect. (b) Rapid industrialisation is a factor of environmental pollution. (c) Increased amounts of carbon dioxide result in the increase in global warming. (d) The rise of sea level has no connection with global warming. (e) As a result of the rise of the sea level, the northern part of the country may go under water. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of words in brackets. Add any preposition if necessary. 1x5=5 (a) Alarming reports now come in that world temperatures (increase) —— day by day. (b) Oceans are said to (affect) —— by both human and non-human factors. (c) The main agents of global warming (to be) —— carbon dioxide, methane and CFCs. (d) By the middle of the next century world temperatures may (rise) —— by as much as 4°C. (e) Deforestation (relate) —— the greenhouse effect. 4. Make a list of five things that cause environmental pollution. 1x5=5 Read the passage below and answer the questions 5— 8: 'Globalisation' has become a buzzword in the new era of international relations. Basically, it is a process of expanding trade and commerce all over the world by creating a borderless market. But it has had a far-reaching effect on many aspects of life. With the development of hi-tech communication media and rapid transportation facilities, the world has come closer. We can now learn in an instant what is happening in the farthest corner of the world and travel to any country in the shortest possible time. Countries of the world are like families in a village, they can even share their joys and sorrows like the next-door neighbours. If one country is in 

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distress, others can immediately come to its assistance. If we could build up an atmosphere of mutual understanding and co-operation through this globalisation process, our world could certainly be a better place to live in. 5. Write short answers to the following questions. 1x5=5 (a) What is globalisation? (b) How has the world come closer? (c) What are the countries of the world like today? (d) What is the meaning of buzzword? (e) How can we make our world a better place? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1x5=5 Although globalisation is (a) —— associated with business, trade and international relations, it is no longer (b) —— from that perspective alone. The tide of globalisation is now covering other areas too. Satellite TV channels and the internet are (c) —— all sorts of different customs and behaviours into our homes. Under the (d) —— of globalisation, global cultures are steadily getting integrated (e) —— local culture. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences. 5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow-chart showing the effects of globalisation. (No. 1 has been done for you) 5 1. Makes the world closer

Part B: Vocabulary (20 Marks) 9. Fill in the gaps with suitable words from the box. (Make any grammatical changes 1x10=10 appear use at afflict differ city alarm due pollute severe increase from suffer rural Many diseases are rising (a) —— an (b) —— rate, which experts believe is (c) — — to incresed (d) —— of the environment. Pollution (e) —— to be greater in urban areas although rural societies too are (f) —— by (g) —— use of chemical fertilizers and insecticides. Nevertheless, today city people (h) —— to suffer from many more diseases and suffer more (i) —— than country people. Now let us see how life in cities is (j) —— from that in the country. 10. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 E-mail has brought (a) —— revolution in modern (b) ——. Messages can be transmitted from one country to another within (c) ——. It is far cheaper than telephone calls. Trade and commerce has become greatly (d) —— on this speedy mode of communication. It has, (e) ——, not reached everyone, especially in (f) — — countries like ours, as most people cannot (g) —— to have a personal computer. But (h)-here people have started (i) —— commercially operated e-mail for important 0) Part C: Guided Writing (40 Marks) 11. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write the sentences in full. 2x6=12 A

C 

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(i) Begum Rokeya (ii) She (iii) She

is was considers

(iv) Her contribution to remember Bengali literature (v) Our nation was (vi) We had

the pioneer insignificant born a great lady a great eagerness in awakening Muslim for education womenfolk not with respect her her to be

in Rangpur from her childhood

12. The following sentences are jumbled. Rewrite them in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1x14=14 (i) At one moment, a huge ice-berg was spotted very close to the ship. (ii) At that moment the Titanic was sailing across the icy waters of the North Atlantic. (iii) It was on April 10, 1912. (iv) She was carrying 1316 passengers and a crew of 819. (v) The Titanic was sailing for New York from Southampton. (vi) Four days after setting out, a great disaster happened. (vii) So she was regarded as unsinkable. (viii) The captain went down to see what had happened. (ix) The alarm had been given. (x) So the captain realised to his horror that the Titanic was sinking rapidly. (xi) Five of the ship's sixteen water tight compartments were totally damaged by the collision. (xii) Suddenly there was a slight trembling sound from below. (xiii) The great ship turned sharply to avoid a collision. (xiv) At that time she was the largest ship in the world built in a very special way. 13. Write a paragraph of about 100 words based on the following questions. Your answers to the questions, should give as much detail as possible. 14 (a) What is environment? (b) What are the elements of environment? (c) How is environment polluted? (d) What are the effects of environmental pollutions? (e) How can we keep environment free from pollution? DHAKA BOARD-2010 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER Part A—Seen Comprehension Read the passage below and answer the questions 1—4: The most significant event for Bangladesh in the last century has been its birth as an independent nation. Prior to that, it experienced British colonial rule until 1947, followed by an oppressive existence as East Pakistan from 1947 to 1971. The life of our people has often been shaped by tragedy. Floods have devastated our land and tidal waves from the sea have swept away thousands of lives. Poverty has been an ever-present spectre. As a result, nearly seventy percent of the population suffer from various degrees of malnutrition. Rapid population growth has added to this problem. Although the growth rate has slowed down to some extent, the population has almost doubled since independence. On the other hand, turbulent 

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politics and instability, and the rise of terrorism and crime are adversely affecting society. Despite these negative aspects, the last twenty five years will remain memorable for certain events. The 21st of February 1952 immediately comes to mind. Only recently, our language day has been declared the International Mother Language day by UNESCO. 16 December 1971 is another day our nation will cherish forever - the day when we became citizens of a free state following our victory over the occupation forces of Pakistan. In addition, in the field of literature, art and culture we have produced great poets, novelists, and artists. For instance, Bangladesh is proud of the great poet Kazi Nazrul Islam who raised his fiery voice against injustice and oppression. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence: 1x5=5 (a) The emergence/emergency/nomination of Bangladesh as a free state is the most significant event for us in the last century. (b) Political instability has a bad affect/effect/concern on our society. (c) The cause of malnutrition in Bangladesh is poverty/ riches/negligence. (d) Bangladesh experienced justice/equity/oppression during the Pakistani rule. (e) We take proud/proudly/pride in our great poet Kazi Nazrul Islam. 2. True/False? If False, give the correct information: 1x5=5 (a) Bangladesh has undergone many tragic events. (b) The growth-rate of population remains the same as before. (c) Most of the people of Bangladesh are poverty stricken. (d) We became the citizens of a free country on 26th March, 1971. (e) Bangladesh is rarely afflicted with political instability. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words in brackets. Add any preposition if necessary:— 1x5=5 (a) The (declare) ———— of the 21st February as the International Mother Language Day is a glorious event in our national history. (b) There often occurs (devastate) ———— flood in our country. (c) The last twenty-five years will remain vivid in our (memorable) ———— certain events. (d) We have achieved (progressive) ———— in art, literature and culture. (e) Thousands of lives (sweep) ———— tidal waves almost every year. 4. Make a list of five major historical vents of Bangladesh in the last century. 1x5=5 Read the passage below and answer questions 5-8. Education is the process by which our mind develops through formal learning at an institution like a school, college, or university. It is mental and intellectual training which provides opportunities of growth and helps to overcome obstacles to progress. Again, the purpose of education is to enlighten the-individual and develop his/her capacity to the limit. It is also the business of education to train individuals to make the right choices to go ahead. It ennobles our mind and refines our sensibility. It also broadens our outlook and helps us become aware of our rights and responsibilities. According to Newman, education "gives a man a clear conscious view of his own opinions and judgements, a truth in developing them, an eloquence in expressing them and a force in using them." Therefore, it is often compared to light which removes the darkness of ignorance and helps us distinguish between right and wrong. 

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Ex-President Julius Nyerere of Tanzania way back in 1974 said at an international conference that the primary purpose of education was the liberation of man from the restrictions of habits and attitudes which limit his humanity. He further said education should promote humanity and universal brotherhood and that it could be used as a catalyst for a change for the better. How right he was! 5. Write short answers to the following questions:— 1x5=5 (a) What do you understand by education? (b) What does education provide? (c) How does education enlighten the individual? (d) Why is education compared to light? (e) How does education promote humanity and universal brotherhood? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1x5=5 The purpose of education is the (a) ————— of an individual and the (b) —— ——— of his/her capacity to the maximum limit. It also (c) —————an individual to (d)—— the right in order to go ahead. It makes our mind (e)——— ——. 7. Summarise the importance of education in five sentences. 1x5=5 8. Based on your reading of the passage make short notes in each of the boxes of the flow-chart showing how education impacts on human life (No. 1 has been done for you): 1x5=5 1. Education develops our mind

Part B—Vocabulary 9. Fill in the gaps with suitable words from the box (make any grammatical change in necessary). 1x10=10 employ impact plan rural reduce importance lend international growth emphasize poor raise Micro-credit institutions have a great (a)————in Bangladesh. Grameen Bank is one of them which has (b)———— recognition. It (c) —— money to the poor especially the (d)—-— — women. It (e) —————— the need to develop skills and (f)——-——--- consciousness among them. It creates (g)—————— opportunity for rural women. This institution has a positive (h) —————— on their economic-variables and family (i)————— . It also helps to (j)———— ——their poverty. 10. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Language plays a very (a)—— role in our life. We use language from the (b)—— ——— we wake up in the morning (c) ——we go to bed at night. We use language not only during our (d)——hours but also in our dreams. We use language to (e)————— what we feel and to say (f)——we like or dislike. We also use language to (g)————information. In short language is (h)——— present in our life. It is an (i)———part of what we do (j)——-- and believe. Part C-Guided Writing 11. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write out the sentences in full. 2x6=12 A B C D 

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(i) The role of is not possible for western countries dignity and honour. women in nation any nation to reach but also building (ii) It was a time when any more in the has changed. women were (iii) There cannot be denied its goal without family affairs. allowing the women folk (iv) They of civilization the looked upon situation of the world. out look and without any (v) But with the is true not only for to serve the to play their active progress the role. (vi) This

were the instrument

only attitude of the for the Islamic world towards countries as well. women 12. The following sentences are jumbled. Re-write them in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story: 1x14=14 (i) The grasshopper said, " Brother ant, give me a morsel of food." (ii) It was a frosty winter day. (iii) The grasshopper went away being sad. (iv) The ant had stored them during the summer. (v) The ant said, "Since you sang all summer, it seems you have to dance all winter." (vi) A grasshopper, half-dead with hunger, came limping by. (vii) Saying this the prudent ant locked his granary door. (viii) The ant asked what he was doing during the summer. (ix) He was singing all day long during the summer. (x) An ant was taking out of his granary some grains of wheat. (xi) The grasshopper saw what the ant was doing. (xii) Hearing this the ant smiled grimly. (xiii) The grasshopper replied that he was not idle. (xiv) During summer the ant was gathering the grains. 13. Write a paragraph of about 100 words based on the following questions. Your answer to the questions should give as much detail as possible: — 14 (a) What was your childhood like? (b) Where did you pass your childhood and how? (c) Can you remember your first school? (d) How were your teachers and classmates like? (e) What sweet memories of those days do you have? (f) Do you have any bitter experience? (g) How do you feel when you recollect your childhood days? COMILLA BOARD-2010 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER Part A—Seen Comprehension Read the passage below and answer the question Nos. 1—4. 

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In recent years, there have been many alarming reports that the world's climate is undergoing a significant change. All these reports provide strong evidence that world temperatures are increasing day by day. This increase in global warming is caused by increased amounts of carbon dioxide around the earth. Most climatologists believe that the 'greenhouse effect is the most likely cause of this global warming. What is the greenhouse effect? It is the gradual warming of the air surrounding the earth as a result of heat being trapped by environmental pollution. This is exemplified by the destruction and burning down of tropical rain forests, by traffic that clogs up city streets, by the rapid growth of industry, the use of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) in packaging and manufacturing commercial products, the use of detergents such as washing powder and washing-up liquid and so on. The oceans are also said to be affected both because of human waste and because of pollution caused by industrial waste products, oil seeping from damaged supertankers and from other maritime disasters. However, the main culprits for global warming are carbon dioxide gas, produced by the burning of fossil fuels and forests and pollutants such as methane and chlorofluorocarbons. Climatologists predict that by midway through the next century temperatures may have risen by as much as 4°°C. This could catastrophically reduce mankind's ability to grow food, destroy or severly damage wildlife and wilderness, raise sea levels and thereby flood coastal areas and farmland. The alarming news about Bangladesh is that as a result of the rise of the sea level the lower southern part of the country may one day go under water. 1. Choose the right word/expression to complete each of the following sentences. Ix5=5

(a) Global warming is caused by the annihilation / preservation / plantation of trees. (b) Global warming may have a minor / insignificant / disastrous effect on life. (c) World temperature is improving / strengthening / going up day by day. (d) Environmental pollution contributes / deletes / removes to greenhouse effect. (e) The alarming news of Bangladesh is that the lower southern part may go down / hover over / rise from water. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information. 1x5=5 (a) The greenhouse effect is a global phenomenon. (b) The greenhouse effect can be diminished if we can reduce the environmental pollution. (c) World temperature is on the decline day by day. (d) Carbon -di-oxide has no hand in increasing world temperature. (e) This passage does not deal with geography. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of words in the brackets. Add any preposition if necessary:— 1x5=5 (a) According to the (believe) —— ——the climatologists, the greenhouse effect is the most likely cause of the global warming. (b) Life on earth is seriously (threaten) ——— global warming. (c) There is (possible) -- that the lower southern part of the country may be engulfed by sea. (d) Increased amount of carbon dl-oxide is the reason of (increase) ——— amount of global warming. (e) The greenhouse effect may be the cause of (destruct) —— wildlife and wilderness. 

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4. Make a list of five things that cause the global warming. 1x5=5 Read the passage below and answer the question Nos. 5—8 : Working opportunities for women are very few in rural areas of Bangladesh. They usually spend their time doing their household chores. The ILO recently started a project titled "Technologies for Rural Employment with Special Reference to Women and Sustalnable Development". The aim of this project is to impart training to rural women in various activities and make them self-reliant. Sakhina Begum is a beneficiary of this project. She attended a training course on food processing at the Bangladesh Agriculture Research Institute (BARI) at Gazipur. Sakhina has two school-going children. Her husband is a rickshaw puller who does not earn enough to support the family and pay for the children's education. From the BARI training course, Sakhina learnt how to make jam, jelly, pickles, popcorn and many other food items. Along with her fellow project beneficiaries, she is now producing these items and selling them in the local market. With the proceeds, she is now able to add to her family income. If they continue doing their work, Sakhina and other women working with her will surely see happier days with the new employment opportunities created by the ILO project. 5. Write short answer to the questions below : x5=5 (a) What is the aim of the ILO project? (b) What training did Sakhina Begum receive from BARI? (c) Why can't Sakhina's husband pay for the children's education? (d) How do village women usually pass their time? (e) What is ILO doing for these village women? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words :— 1x5=5 Sakhina's husband is a rickshaw puller. He (a) —a little to support the family. He is also (b) ———— to pay for the children's education. From the BARI training course, Sakhina learnt how to make various food items. She (c) ————— different food items and (d) ——— them in the local market. She worked (e) — ——— to add to her family income. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences.

1x5=5

8. Based on your reading of the above passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow-chart showing how Sakhina has overcome her poverty. [Number one has been done for you] 1x5=5 1. Attended a training course on food processing at BARI arranged by ILO

Part B—Vocabulary 9. Fill in the gaps with suitable words from the box. Make any grammatical changes, if necessary. There are more words than you need : 1x10=10 happen furious die spoil live execution knowing wit pleasant declare wretch unpleasant expire cause Once upon a time, there was a king who was very fond of (a) ———— his future from the astrologers. A famous astrologer (b)———— to stop at his capital on his way to Benaras. The king called on him to know about his future and the 

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astrologer told him something (c)— ——— . At this the king got (d) ———— and condemned him to (e) ———— saying. "Men like you should not live to (f) ————the peace of the world". But another thought had crossed his mind before the astrologer was removed for (g)—————. "How long will you live?" asked the king. With ready (h) ——-—-- -the astrologer said, "The stars (i)——----that I shall die only a week before your majesty. So, good bye." Hearing this, the king turned pale like a dead man and shouted, "Drive this ())-—-—— away, let him not come here again." 10. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap : 1x10=10 Modern life (a)————— much on transport. We can very well (b)————— how important transport is when it is (c)————by natural calamities or during socio-political crises. In fact, transport has made it (d)————for us to reach places previously (e)————. It has (f)——— helped the flourish of trade and commerce and to (g)—————new knowledge and ideas, (h) ———— transport has (i)————— friendship and understanding among nations and peoples (j) ————the globe. Part C—Guided Writing 11. Match the phrases/words in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write the sentences in full: 2x6=12 A (i) I

B got married

C at all

(ii) My elder sister (iii) My aunt

need are not

a new a first year

D and keeps everyone up late into the night. favourable. and since then her share of household chores have fallen on me. baby boy. college student. a lot.

(iv) I screams to study (v) He has just had all the time (vi) Conditions in my am last month house 12. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Rewrite the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph or write the number of the sentences serially. 1x14=14 (i) This time he put on gorgeous dress. (ii) The courtier understood his fault and begged the poet's pardon. (iii) On his way back home, Sa'di again took shelter in the same courtier's house. (iv) He set out for the emperor's palace in ordinary dress. (v) Sa'di replied, "My dress deserves this food". (vi) He was simple in his ways of life. (vii) On the way, he took shelter in a courtier's house. (viii) Sheikh Sa'di was a great Persian poet. (ix) They asked, "Why are you putting the food in your dress?" (x) Once he was invited to the emperor's palace. (xi) The courtier's men were surprised to see this. (xii) The courtier and his men did not show much honour and hospitality to him. 

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(xiii) Now Sa'di began to put his food in the pocket of his dress. (xiv) The courtier received him cordially and entertained him with rich and delicious food. 13. Write a paragraph of about 100 words based on the following questions. Your answers to the questions should give as much detail as possible : 14 (a) Why is English called an International language? (b) Why should we learn English? (c) What do you think about the necessity of grammar in learning English? (d) How does your English textbook help you learn English? (e) How does your English help you in managing a job? RAJSHAHI BOARD-2010 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER Part A—Seen Comprehension Read the passage below and answer the questions 1—4 : The environment refers to the air, water and land in which people, animals, and plants live. So human beings, animals, plants, air, water and soil are the main elements of the environment. The natural forces such as storms, cyclones and earthquakes are also a part of this environment. Climate is thus a condition of the environment. All things that make up the environment are interrelated. The way in which people, animals and plants are related to each other and to their surroundings is known as ecology. The ecosystem is a complex web that links animals, plants and every other life form in the biosphere. All these things hang together. The system is in a steady state of dynamic balance which means that by altering any one part of the web you can affect all the other parts. For example, the destruction of forests may have serious ecological consequences on humans and animals. It is the responsibility of human beings to prevent the environment from being spoilt. To make life healthy and comfortable we should keep the environment clean and danger-free. But often people spoil the environment by doing unwise things and, as a result, endanger their own lives. It is the ecological imbalance that causes changes in the world's climate and brings about different kinds of natural disasters. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1x5=5 (a) The environment is made up of many things which are independent / interdependent / unrelated. (b) The ecosystem is a very simple / complex / easy system. (c) To lead/preserve/continue a healthy and comfortable life, we should keep our environment clean and safe. (d) Storms, cyclones and earthquakes are some destructive / constructive / harmless forces in the environment. (e) We fail to maintain the balance of our environment because of our cruel / unfriendly / inhuman activities. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information :— 1x5=5 (a) The ecological balance brings about different kinds of natural calamities. (b) By changing any part of the web of the ecosystem, we can affect all other parts. (c) Cutting down of trees has no effect on human beings and animals. (d) The ecosystem is a very simple chain. 

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(e) Only man is not responsible for spoiling the environment. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the word. Add prepositions if necessary. 1x5=5 (a) Climate (depend)——the balance of the environment. (b) The climate of the world may be (affect)——the ecological imbalance. (c) Ecological imbalance (cause)——climatic changes in the world. (d) All things making the environment are (interlink)——. (e) People risk their lives by (pollute)——the environment. 4. Make a list of five important points about why we should maintain the ecological balance. 1x5=5 Read the passage below and answer questions 5—8. Education is one of the basic needs of a human being and is essential for any kind of development. The poor socio-economic condition of Bangladesh can be largely attributed to most people's inaccessibility to education. Many illiterate people do not have any knowledge of health, sanitation and population control. If they were educated, they could live a healthy and planned life. Education teaches us how to earn well and how to spend well. It enables us to make the right choice in life and to perform our duties properly. It enhances our ability to raise crops, store food, protect the environment and carry out our social responsibilities. It is only education, which can help us to adopt a rational attitude. It provides us with an enlightened awareness about things and this awareness is the prerequisite for social development. 5. Write short answers to the following questions :— 1x5=5 (a) What is the cause of illiteracy in Bangladesh? (b) What are not the illiterate people aware of? (c) What does education aim at? (d) How is poverty an effect of illiteracy? (e) How can education ensure a better life for all? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words: 1x5=5 Education is (a) ————— as one of the basic needs of human being. Without (b)———— education man cannot exactly decide what he has to do for a better life (c) ————— from the curse of poverty, malnutrition and diseases. In fact, education (d)—————darkness and creates (e)—————in him with regard to his personal needs and duties to the society as well. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences. 1x5=5 8. Based on your reading of the passage make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow-chart showing the functions of education. (No. 1 has been done for you):— 1x5=5 1.

Develops human mind

Part B—Vocabulary 9. Fill in the gaps with suitable words from the box (make any grammatical change if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need ;— 1x10=10 resources potential create for achievement likely fail have returns from among success 

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Investment in education (a) ——— girls increases the economic and social (b) ———development investment in all other sectors. Educating girls contributes (c) ———of wealth through its impact on economic development. Educated women have a higher income (d)—— than those who have (e)——no schooling. Educated mothers are more (f) ——— to send both their boys and girls to school. It is important to realise that (g) ——— generally results (h) ——— an Integrated approach to community development. Thus (i) ——— in girls education to educate girls results in a tremendous waste of potential human (j) — —— 10. Fill in the gaps with an appropriate word in each gap : 1x10=10 Dhaka is the capital of Bangladesh. It is a (a) ———— city. It is a city (b) ————" traffic jam. A fly (c) ———— is built at Mohakhali with a view to (d) — ——- the traffic jam. To solve this problem, traffic rules (e)——be enforced. Besides this drivers, passers-by and (f) ——— should honour and abide (g)—— —all rules (h) ———making the city habitable. Otherwise our life (i) ——— remain (j) ——— stake. Part C—Guided Writing 11. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write out the sentences in full:— 2x6=12 A B C D (i) Water feel most of our crops. (ii) But it helps water bumper crops. (iii) Moderate rainfall do not get essential for water for irrigation. (iv) Excessive rainfall can be the dire need of in a proper way. (v) Our farmers is produce and a curse. (vi) They destroys both a blessing our agriculture. 12. Re-write the jumbled sentences in the paragraph: proper order to make a continuous. 1x14=14 (i) Then he saw a spider trying hard to reach the ceiling of the cave. (ii) But it did not give up hope. (iii) The spider failed again and again to succeed. (iv) Bruce saw the spider climbing to the ceiling after some unsuccessful attempts. (v) He gathered an army of strong men and attacked his enemies. (vi) This dauntless spider inspired Bruce to shake off the darkness of the despair. (vii) The enemies courted defeat and Robert Bruce regained his kingdom. (viii) The king fought bravely but lost the battle. (ix) Robert Bruce was a famous king. (x) He had to flee from his kingdom to his life. (xi) Enemies invaded his kingdom. (xii) And he took shelter in a remote cave. (xiii) Once he was lying in the cave. (xiv) The king was always in a gloomy state for his unhappy condition. 13. Write a paragraph of about 100 words based on the following questions. Your answers to the questions should give as much detail as possible. 14 

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(a) What is your idea about a book fair? (b) When and where is it held usually? (c) What purpose does it serve? (d) How is it organised? (e) What steps can be taken to make such a fair successful? JESSORE BOARD-2010 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER Part A—Seen Comprehension Read the passage below and answer the questions 1—4 : Education is one of the basic needs of a human being and is essential for any kind of development. The poor socio-economic condition of Bangladesh can be largely attributed to most people's inaccessibility to education. Many illiterate people do not have any knowledge of health, sanitation and population control. If they were educated, they could live a healthy and planned life. Education teaches us how to earn well and how to spend well. It enables us to make the right choice in life and to perform our duties properly. It enhances our ability to raise crops, store food, protect the environment and carry out our social responsibilities. It is only education, which can help us to adopt a rational attiude. It provides us with an enlightened awareness about things and this awareness is the prerequisite for social development. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence :— 1x5=5 (a) Education is one of the essential/important/fundamental needs of a human being. (b) Education is the Yardstick / Yardman / Yardmaster of development. (c) The poor socio-economic circumstance / circumstances / circumstantial can be a great barrier to education. (d) Education teaches us how to destroy / expend / ruin well. (e) Education helps us to adopt a rational outlook/look-out/ overlook. 2. True/False. If false, give the correct information : 1x5=5 (a) Most of the people of Bangladesh do not have opportunity of education for poverty. (b) Literate people are not aware of health, sanitation and population control. (c) Education provides us with superstitious consciousness. (d) Education is an impediment to the adoption of rational attitude. (e) Illiteracy hampers social development. 3. Fill in the gaps with correct form of the words in brackets. Add any preposition if necessary. 1x5=5 (a) People should be (education)————a society. (b) The educated (lead)————— a healthy and planned life. (c) Education makes a man (ability) —————protect the environment. (d) Education enhances our ability (carry) —————our social responsibilities. (e) There are many superstitious beliefs (prevail) our society. 4. Make a list of five suggestions about how illiteracy may be overcome. 1x5=5 Read the passage below and answer the questions 5—8 : 'Globalisation' is now largely based on a strong technological foundation. Its breathtaking advances have lent speed to the process of globalisation. The electronic transfer of information via the internet has now created an instantaneous and interconnected world of information resulting in a 24- hour trading network. This modern information technology has largely changed banking and financial activities. 

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Worldwide money transfer and transaction of businesses have now become a matter of clicking the mouse of a computer. Five out of every six dollars that move in the world economy today travel through the electronic medium. Some products like software and TV programmes are also amenable to digital or electronic transmission. We can now buy and sell goods through the electronic screen. Computers have thus brought about a revolutionary change in today's world. Gobalisation is now only what technology makes possible. 5. Write short answers to the following questions :— 1x5=5 (a) What is based on technology? (b) What has the internet created? (c) How has technology changed banking and financial activities? (d) What can we do through electronic screen? (e) What has brought about a revolutionary change? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words : 1x5=5 ————— is now dependent on technology. The transformation of information has made ————— and financial activities faster. Worldwide money ————— and transactions of ————has become a matter of only clicking the mouse. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences. 1x5=5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow-chart showing the effects of information technology in globalisation. (No. 1 has been done for you): 1x5=5 1. Nations brought closer to one another

Part B—Vocabulary 9. Fill in the gaps with suitable words from the following list. There are more words in the list than you need. Sometimes you have to make grammatical changes ;— 1x10=10 traditional only no strategy development run conquer not widespread in privilege alone In ancient times, education was (a) ———— For the general people but a (b) — ——— for the chosen few who took on (c) ————roles in the (d)———— of the state and in religion, (e) ———— Greece, education became more (f) ——— — in about the 5th century BC. The Greeks, however, sent (g)———— their male children to school. When Rome was (h) ———— by the Greeks, the Romans under Greek influence (i) ——––– a strong (j) ————of literacy. 10. Fill in the blanks with a suitable word in each gap :— 1x10=10 Man pollutes water, another vital (a) ——-— of the environment by dumping (b)—-—-into it. Farmers (c) ————— chemicals, washed away by rain and flood, (d) — ————mixed water in river, canals and ponds. Water is also (e) ——- — by mills and factories when they throw their (f) ————— chemicals and waste products into rivers and canals. Water vehicles also pollute rivers by dumping oil, food waste and human waste (g) ————them. Insanitary latrines (h) —————on river and canal banks are also (i) ————— for further pollution. In this way, various (j) —— ——of waste and filth pollute water. 

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Part C—Guided Writing 11. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write out the sentences in full. 2x6=12 A B C D (i) The river erosion has taken up

a devastating turn

(ii) It need (ill) People living has made near river banks

thousands of people a scheme

(iv) Vast tracts takes of cultivable land (v) Many areas have to (vi) The government have been

bear the brunt washed away special attention

for protection from the river erosion. of the river erosion. by eroding rivers. with the onset of the monsoons. homeless. to protect affected areas.

12. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Rewrite the sentences in the proper order to make a compact and continuous paragraph to make a story: 1x14=14

(i) His friends and disciples could not bear the sight. (ii) With eyes full of tears, they bade Socrates a last farewell. (iii) A few moments passed, Socrates lay down and covered his face. (iv) The cup contained hemlock, a very strong poison. (v) At last, the hour of departure had arrived. (vi) A moment later, he uncovered his face and looking at Crito, said, "Don't forget the debt “Crito" (vii) They burst into tears and cried loudly like children. (viii) Socrates met his friends and disciples for the last time. (ix) He asked them to let him die in peace. (x) At sunset, the Governor of the prison came. (xi) Then there came a man with a cup in hand. (xii) He argued with them about the immortality of the soul. (xiii) He told them that the soul of man cannot die. (xiv) Socrates took the cup in his hand, said his prayer and drank the hemlock without any hesitation. 13. Write a paragraph of about 100 words based on the following questions. Your answer to the questions should give as much detail as possible. 14 (a) What is Bangla Newyear? (b) How do people celebrate it in Bangladesh? (c) What functions are usually observed on this day? (d) What are the differences in the rural and urban celebration of the day? (e) Who are the more interested people to celebrate the day? SYLHET BOARD-2010 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER Part A — Seen Comprehension Read the passage below to answer the questions 1 — 4 : Gender discrimination in Bangladesh begins at birth. Most parents want to have children so that they can, when they are older, supplement their family income and/or 

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help with the domestic work. In the existing socio-economic set-up, male children are best suited to this purpose. So, girls are born to an unwelcome world. However, they are assigned, rather confined to, domestic chores. Some of these girls may be at school. But al their work-domestic or academic stops as soon as they are married off, which is the prime concern of the parents about their daughters. This discriminatory treatment has some long-term negative effects on the body and mind of the girl children and women in a family. They are given to understand that they should keep the best food available for the male members in the family, that they should eat less than the male members; that they should not raise their voice when they speak, that they should not go out of their house without permission from and without being escorted by the male members. All these shape, the girls' thinking about life and the world and go to establish their relationships with the male members in the family. As a result : They suffer, more than their male counterparts, from malnutrition and anaemia which make them vulnerable to various diseases, resulting in a high mortality rate. They develop a sense of self-effacement, self-denial and inferiority that persists throughout their lifetime as an inevitable benchmark of the weaker sex. As a result, married off even at 9 or 10 to a man of 40 or 50, a girl rarely has any say in decision making in the family, let alone in society. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence : — 1x5=5 (a) Most parents in Bangladesh want to have no children/ male children/female children. (b) The female children are welcome/neglected/tortured from the very beginning of their lives. (c) The major concern of most of the fathers and mothers in Bangladesh is to get their daughters educated/ employed / married as soon as possible. (d) The girl children are taught directly or indirectly to neglect/prefer/avoid the male members of the family. (d) Most of the girls in Bangladesh suffer from malnutrition/ inferiority/insecurity because of ill-feeding. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information : 1x5=5 (a) Gender discrimination in Bangladesh starts from the birth of a child. (b) The girl children are greatly welcomed by most of the parents in Bangladesh. (c) The prime concern of the parents in Bangladesh is to educate their daughters. (d) Usually the girls in every family eat legs than the male members. (e) The girls suffer from various diseases as a result of less eating every day. 3. Fill in the gaps with correct form of words in the brackets. Add appropriate preposition if necessary. 1x5=5 (a) Most parents want to be (help)—————— by their children in their old age. (b) The girls in Bangladesh are (birth) ————to an unwelcome world. (c) The academic career of a girl stops as soon as she (marriage) ——————. (d) The girls are (teach)—— to eat less than the boys in most families in Bangladesh. (e) The discriminatory treatment (have)——————some long-term negative effect on the girls. 4. Make a list of five ways of discriminations to the female members of the family. 1x 5=5 Read the passage below and answer the questions 5—8. 

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Television has become the most common and most widespread source of entertainment of the present world. A wide range of programmes of varied interest is telecast on numerous channels. Almost every middle class and even working class families have a television set today. Television programmes are not only entertaining; they can be highly educative too. For exampe, television is used for distance learning. Courses run by the Open University are shown on the BTV. Several channels like the Discovery Channel and the National Geographic telecast highly informative programme. Watching TV, however, has become an addiction for many. Satellite telecasting has added new dimensions to television but it has sometimes been branded as a cultural assault on the developing nations. The East is being exposed more and more to Western music, entertainment and modes of life. As a result, younger people's tastes are gradually being influenced by them. 5. Write short answers to the following questions : 1x5=5 (a) What is the main cause of TV's popularity in the present world? (b) What is the good side of television? (c) What is meant by cultural assault? (d) How does television help us in education? (e) What do you think about the effects of television in the present world? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable word/words. 1x5=5 Television has become the most popular source of (a) ————— in the modern world. Almost every middle class family of Bangladesh (b) —————a TV set. Television not only entertains the watchers (c) —————educates them. Satellite channels of television has added a new (d) ————— in the field, (e) —————television has become an addiction for many. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences. 1x5=5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow-chart showing the bad effects of watching television. (No. 1 has been done for you) : 1x5=5 1. Television has become addiction for many

Part B—Vocabulary

9. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box. (Make any grammatical change if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need :— 1x10=10

enables educated choice importance healthy know develop protect need education food ability Education is one of the basic (a) ———— of a human being. It is (b) ———— for the (c) ————of mind. Many illiterate people do not have any (d) ———— of health. If they were (e) ————, they could live a (f) ———— and planned life, (g) ———— teaches us how to live well. It (h) ———— us to make the right (i) ————— in life. It enhances our (j) ————to face our every day problems. 10. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap : 1x10=10 One day a fox was very (a) ——— . It was (b) ———— for some food to eat. But it could not manage any (c) ———— . At last it became very (d) —------ and sat (e) ————a tree. A crow was sitting on the tree with a (f) ——— of meat in 

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its beak. The fox looked at the crow and (g) ———— the piece of meat. An idea came to its mind to (h) -—-— the meat from the crow. The fox said loudly, "(i) — ——- a beautiful bird it is I but alas the bird (J) ——— not sing." Part C—Guided Writing 11. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make sentences. Write the sentences in full:-2x6-12 A B C D (1) Charles Dickens was sent His hard days in Portsmouth. (ii) He could not go one of the greatest in a factory. (Hi) His father had to work to school for debt. (iv) Dickens was in 1812 to receive education. (v) He never forgot to prison English novelists. (vi) He was born very hard of his boyhood. 12. Re-write the jumbled sentences below in the proper order to make a complete story :— 1x14 =14 (i) The farmer was surprised. (ii) So, he could not devote himself to his work. (iii) Now a new thinking took hold of the farmer. (iv) He did not find any safe place to keep the bag. (v) He could not think where to keep the money. (vi) He dug a hole in his hut and kept the money there. (vii) He said to himself, "One thousand rupees is a lot of money." (viii) He gradually realized that he had money, but no peace of mind. (ix) "Keep this money and remove your distress. (x) He always thought that his money could be stolen any time. (xi) He took the bag of money from the rich man and thanked him. (xii) This thought kept him awake and his sleep fled away at night. (xiii) A richman went to the farmer with one thousand rupees in a bag. (xiv) He said to him, "Look, my friend! I have brought one thousand rupees for you.” 13. Write a paragraph of about 100 words based on the following questions. Give as much details as possible : 14 (a) What is smoking? (b) Why do the people generally smoke? (c) How does one become addicted to smoking? (d) What are the bad effects of smoking? (e) What should we do to stop smoking in our country? BARISAL BOARD-2010 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER Part A : Seen Comprehension Read the passage below and answer the questions. (1-4) When you are crossing the road and your vehicle gets stuck in a seemingly neverending jam in Dhaka city, every few minutes a boy or a girl comes to you and tries to sell a bunch of rose or rajanigandha saying "Bhaiya or Apa depending on your gender) ei koita ful niya jan (“please buy these flowers".) They do not tire and will pursue you relentlessly, at least as long as the jam lasts. If you are alone they will say that you must take the flowers for their bhabis-meaning your girlfriend or wife. You 

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often get annoyed at their ways and shout at them. It has very little effect and often you are forced to accept their demand and console yourself by thinking that it was after all a good bargain. However, how they manage to sell the flowers at such a cheap price really bewilders you. And they are not very forthcoming with their answers, If you ask them. These kids are seen in some particular spots of the city. The Sheraton and the Panthapath Road of Dhaka city are two such places. Invariably, you may find an interesting character or two among them. There is this guy who is something of a sardar among the flower peddlers at KawranBazar. He is perhaps the smallest of the bunch but he rules his disciples with an iron hand. However, whenever I see one of these kids I can't but-call me an emotional fool if you may-think that it is not their love of flowers that make them do what they are doing. It is all -consuming poverty which is the reason. We all know that instead of being in the streets they should be in school. Their means of livelihood is in itself an irony. It is a satire on those of us who shout at the top of their voice for the rights of children. It makes us think of the realities of our society which force these kids to wage an endless struggle against all odds to keep their heads above water. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence :1x5=5 (a) Money/Wealth/Poverty has driven these ill-fated children to sell flowers. (b) How the peddlers can sell-flowers at a very cheap rate will perplex/satisfy/annoy one. (c) While trying to sell flowers, they will not get depressed/ red/annoyed. (d) The poor kids' unspeakable struggle is short-lived/ temporary/unending. (e) The means of livelihood of these street children is in itself illogical / ironical / illegal. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information :— 1x5=5 (a) Poor boys or girls sell flowers everywhere in Dhaka city. (b) Such peddlers sell flowers at a cheap rate. (c) They sell flowers because of their love of flowers. (d) The flower peddlers do not attend school. (e) The shout of the passengers in vehicles embarrasses the flower selling kids. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words in brackets. Add any preposition if necessary:— 1x5=5 (a) It seems that the jam (be) —————never ending. (b) A passenger is at last (compel) ————— to buy flowers from the kids. (c) The cheap price of their flowers is really (bewilder) —————. (d) The little peddlers do not tire at the relentless (pursue)—————. (e) They have to face the dark (real) —————life. 4. Make a list of five points about the life and livelihood of the flower peddlers.

1x5=5

Read the passage below and answer the questions 5-8. Statistics show that about 350 million people speak English as a first language and another 300 million use it as a second language. It is the official or semi-oficial language in more than 60 countries and of many international organisations. The International Olympic Committee, for example, always holds meetings in English. English helps the international community and the business world to communicate across national borders. Today, more than 80% of all the information in the world's computers is in English, so organisations frequently need employees who speak and 

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write a standard form of English. In fact some companies provide English language training for their staff. It is therefore little wonder that job advertisements nowadays often ask for a 'good working knowledge' of English. Many believe now that English usually helps them to get good jobs and better salaries. 5. Write short answers to the following questions. 1x5=5 (a) How many people speak English as a first language? (b) In how many countries is English used as the official or semi-official language? (c) What is the official language of the International Olympic Committee? (d) How does English help the international community and the business world? (e) What kind of employees do International organisations need? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1x5=5 English is the most widely (a) ————— international language. International business organisations want (b) ————— who know a standard form of English. Besides, some companies get their employees (c) ————— in English. So, it is quite (d) ————— that job advertisiements nowadays seek candidates with knowledge of English. To get good jobs with better salaries, a good working knowledge of this language is (e) ————— must. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences. 5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow-chart showing the importance and use of English. (No. 1 has been done for you.) 1x5=5 1. Used by hundreds of millions

Part B—Vocabulary 9. Fill in the gaps with suitable word from the box (Make any grammatical change if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need : 1x10-10 happen furious die spoil live know wit execution pleasant unpleasant declare wretch expire cause Once upon a time, there was a king who was very fond of (a) ————— his future from the astrologers. A famous astrologer (b) ————to stop at his capital on his way to Benaras. The king called on him to know about his future and the astrologer told him something (c)— ———. At this the king got (d) ———and condemned him to (e) —————saying, "Men like you should not live to (f)—————the peace of the world". But another thought had crossed his mind before the astrologer was removed for (g) —————. "How long will you live?" asked the king. With ready (h) —---—the astrologer said, "The stars (i) ————--that I shall die only a week before you. So, good bye." Hearing this, the king turned pale like a dead man and shouted, "Drive this (j) ————away; let him not come here again." 10. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap : 1x10=10 Electricity is (a) —————— a part of our everyday (b) ————— that we rarely think twice about its importance and necessity. When we switch (c) ————— the light and the fan or turn on our television and computer, we enjoy (d) —————— blessings of electricity. Even when we turn off the bedside lamp and are fast asleep, (e) ————— remains working for us driving our fans, heating or cooling our 

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rooms and running our refrigerators. Unfortunately, we (f) —————— enjoy the uninterrupted blessings of electricity. There is some (g)—————— in the generation (h) —————— electricity in Bangladesh, (i) —————-, load shedding or suspension of the supply of electricity has (j) ——————a regular programme of the Power Development Board. Part C—Guided Writing 11. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write out the sentences in full: 2x6=12 A B C D (i) One day came to know of the handle at his own cost. (ii) The authoress she offered the matter from her. (iii) For repairing it agreed to Jerry suddenly. (iv) But Jerry the wood to repair it was defective. Iv) She said that wanted accept the money from Jerry. (vi) Only then, he Jerry broke the axe-handle some money. 12. The following sentences are jumbled. Re-write them in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story: 1x14=14 (i) But it had no effect. (ii) At last he found a jar in a garden. (iii) As he was leaving the jar in despair, he noticed a heap of pebbles nearby. (iv) But it was at the bottom and out of his reach. (v) He flew from one place to another in search of water. (vi) He took some pebbles. (vii) Then he hit upon a plan. (viii) Then he flew away. (ix) Then he dropped the pebbles into the jar. (x) A crow was very thirsty and wanted to drink water. (xi) When the water came to the mouth of the jar, the crow drank his fill. (xii) As each pebble went down, the water in the jar rose up little by little. (xiii) The crow tried to turn the jar over and over again. (xiv) There was some water in the jar. 13. Write a paragraph of about 100 words based on the following questions. Your answers to the questions should give as much detail as possible. 14 (a) Do you remember the first day at your college? (b) How did you feel when you entered the college campus on that day? (c) What classes did you attend? (d) Did you notice any differences between your school and your college? (e) What things did you like about the college most? CHITTAGONG BOARD-2010 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER Part A—Seen Comprehension Read the passage below and answer the questions (1—4) : There have been significant changes in the types of entertainment over time. Many of these no longer exist. Even if they do, people keep looking for newer forms of entertainment. Thus, snake charming, puppet shows, jatragan, jarigan, sharigan and kabigan which were common forms of entertainment in the past, have almost lost 

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their appeal. Radio, which was used to be a good source of entertainment in the past, is now giving place to television and to satellite channels in particular. The entertainment business, like other spheres of life, is getting westernized day by day. Folk music or palligeeti is now sung with Western instruments. At the same time, modern music is now fusing melodies from folk and traditional songs. In general, band and pop music is becoming more and more popular, particularly among the young generation. Sport has become a great source of entertainment today. Football, which used to be the most popular spectator sport in Bangladesh, is gradually being replaced by cricket as a popular form of sports entertainment. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence :— 1x5=5 (a) Snake charming was rare / common / general form of entertainment in the past. (b) Some old forms of entertainment have lost their value / place / attraction. (c) The way of entertainment is being changed / influenced / altered by western music. (d) Western instruments are being used / useful / useless to sing our folk songs. (e) Football is gradually being popular / replaced / displaced by cricket. 2. True / False? If false, give the correct information :— 1x5=5 (a) Now television has been replaced by radio. (b) Western instruments have become a part of performing our folk and traditional songs. (c) Cricket now occupies an important position in the field of entertainment. (d) Now people like old forms of entertainment. (e) Young generation like folk music. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of words. Add any preposition if necessary. 1x5=5 (a) In old days puppet show was liked (great)- ——people. (b) Many old forms of entertainment have no (exist)—— at all. (c) People always (look)———newer forms of entertainment. (d) Radio (be) ——— the common source of entertainment in the past. (e) Now folk music is (sing)————western instruments. 4. Make a list of five items of entertainment in modern times. 1x5=5 Read the passage below and answer the questions (5—8) :— Bangladesh is a small country but has a huge population. Most people here live below the poverty line and cannot, therefore, afford to educate their children. Many poor children either drop out of school just after a few years or simply do not go to school at all. Despite this situation, we have far too many students to educate compared to the number of institutions available. Bangladesh needs more schools, colleges and universities to provide for the increasing number of students. But owing to financial and resource constraints, the government cannot fund the requisite number of educational institution. At present every educational institution is over-crowded and class size is unusually large. As facilities in these institutions are poor, students do not get a standard education. Moreover, many educational institutions in Bangladesh are troubled with politics and violence. Sometimes, institutions are closed down to avoid clashes between rival groups of students. Such closures badly affect academic progress. 

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5. Write short answer to the following questions :— 1x5=5 (a) Why are our people unable to educate their children? (b) Why does Bangladesh need more educational institutions? (c) Why can't the government finance the required number of educational institutions? (d) Why don't students get a standard education? (e) What affect academic progress badly? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words :1x5=5 Most of the people of Bangladesh are unable to educate their children because of (a) ——— -. As a result many poor children are (b)———of their right of education. The government can't establish the required number of educational institutions owing to (c) ——problems. So there is a (d) ———of educational institutions in Bangladesh. Sometimes academic activities are hampered by the (e) ———— closures of educational institutions. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences. 1x5=5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow-chart showing the problems of education in Bangladesh. (No. 1 has been done for you.) : 5 1. Poverty

Part- B : Vocabulary Test 9. Fill in the gaps of the given passage using suitable words from the box. (Make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need :10 solve ensure in vain address work must always Paramount originate upliftment balance harass call never (a) ————— illiteracy problem is the (b) —————task of the hour. We must educate all of our people (c) —————our balanced development; otherwise all of our development plans must go (d) --————. If we can educate our people, half of our problems will be automatically (e)—————. That's why, education is (f)—— ———the nerve of development. All strength and power to (g) ————— the development of the country (h) —————from education. So, we (i)————— give topmost priority on education sector if we really want the (j) ——-— of our dear motherland. 10. Fill in the blanks using one appropriate word in each gap :— 1x10=10 It is a happy news that the (a) ———— of adopting unfair means in the examination has been (b) —————to a greater extent. Our students have now (c) ————— that passing in the examination is not the only goal of student life. But still this heinous (d) ——————has not been totally (e)—————when an examinee is caught copying in the examination, there is nothing open to authority (f) —————to (g) ——— — him/her. This damages not only the concerned examinee, but also (h) —— ——— a total loss to the whole family of that examinee. So, our students must refrain 

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themselves (i) —————this bad practice. They should also remember that a building (j) ————— strong foundation must fall down either today or tomorrow. Part C—Guided Writing 11. Match the phrases of the following substitution table to make meaningful sentences. Write sentences in full: 2x6=12 A B C D (i) Environment must be taken in various ways by smoke of factories pollution and vehicles. (li) In our cities has become to control is polluted by garbage. air (iii) Even the is constantly one of the greatest alarming pollution. ground we problems (iv) Water walk on in the face of in our country. (v) But we is also polluted being polluted in this modern age. (vi) Measures should not both in urban and such an alarming remain idle rural areas problem. 12. Re-write the following jumbled sentences maintaining proper sequence.

1x14=14

(i) Then he joined the training programme of NHC. (ii) Poverty then forced him to look for work. (iii) He has remained associated with it since then. (iv) He was an unemployed youth of an impoverished family. (v) Belal's lot has changed radically. (vi) Belal is now an affluent man. (vii) He worked as a labourer, (viii) Then he got a lease of land in his village. (ix) He is now very happy to be a self-sufficient man. (x) He has also been raising hi-breed cows for milk as well as to produce manure. (xi) Through hard work he has managed to turn the wheels of fortune. (xii) He applied his new and improved knowledge to cultivating vegetables. (xiii) Belal studied up to class eight. (xiv) Belal first received training in vegetable cultivation. 13. Answer the following questions to make it a continuous paragraph on "Earthquake." 1x14=14 (a) What, is an earthquake? (b) How frequent is it now in Bangladesh? (c) Are our people aware of the gravity of its loss? (d) Why are experts giving more attention to the issue of earthquake in recent times? (e) What precautions would you suggest as safety measures against earthquake? DINAJPUR BOARD-2010 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER Part A—Seen Comprehension Read the passage below and answer the questions 1—4 :— Bangladesh is a small country but has a huge population. Most people here live below the poverty line and cannot, therefore, afford to educate their children. Many poor children either drop out of school just after a few years or simply do not go to school 

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at all. Despite this situation, we have far too many students to educate compared to the number of institutions available. Bangladesh needs more schools, colleges and universities to provide for the increasing number of students. But owing to financial and resource constraints, the government cannot fund the requisite number of educational institution. At present every educational institution is over-crowded and class size is unusually large. As facilities in these institutions are poor, students do not get a standard education. Moreover, many educational institutions in Bangladesh are troubled with politics and violence. Sometimes, institutions are closed down to avoid clashes between rival groups of students. Such closures badly affect academic progress. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence:— 1x5=5 (a) Bangladesh has scarce / small / exceedingly large population. (b) We have more / insufficient / adequate educational institutions. (c) The academic progress of our students is often stopped / affected / developed by many obstacles. (d) Most of our people do not have the intention / ability / endeavour to educate their children. (e) By class size we understand the number of students / class room / education materials. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information :— 1x5=5 (a) Every child in Bangladesh goes to school. (b) We have more educational institutions than our students. (c) The government has financial limitations. (d) Every educational institution of our country is over-crowded. (e) Politics and violence often stand in the way of our education. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words in brackets. Add any preposition if necessary:— 1x5=5 (a) Poverty is the main obstacle for our people to be (educate) —————. (b) Financial supports are not (equal) ————— provided according to requisition. (c) (Compare) --————- many students our educational institutions are not enough. (d) The education (impart) ———— the students is often below standard. (e) Students are (relation) ————— politics. 4. Make a list of five problems of education in Bangladesh. 1x5=5 Read the passage below and answer the questions 5 — 8: Investment in education for girls Increases the economic and social returns of development investments in all other sectors. Educating girls contributes to creating wealth through its impact on economic development; Educated women have a higher income potential than those who have had no schooling. Educated mothers are more likely to send their boys and girls to school. It is important to realise that success in girls’ education generally results from an 'integrated 'approach to community development. Thus failing to educate girls results in a tremendous waste of potential human resources. 5. Write short answer to these questions about female education :— 1x5=5 (a) How can the educated girls create wealth? (b) What does the failure of female education result in? (c) What do educated mothers like? 

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(d) What gives women the capability of higher income? (e) What do you mean by schooling? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1x5=5 Even a few years ago we did not think much about our girls. But now we think seriously about them because almost half of the (a) ———— of our country is women. Now we see, they are (b) ———— human resources of our country. They (c)———— much to the development of our country. Now we are convinced to send girls to (d) ———-- at an early age. The impact (e) ———— educating girls is beneficial to the future generation. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences. 1x5=5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow-chart showing the contributions of female education. [No. 1 has been done for you] 1x5=5 1. Girls’ education

Part B—Vocabulary 9. Fill in the gaps with suitable words from the box. Make any grammatical changes, if necessary. There are more words in the box than you need :— 1x10=10 add breathe need plant prevent preserve produce protect provide take give wash Trees are very useful to human beings. They (a) —-—— the rich top soil from being (b) —-—— away by rain water and floods. You can see trees being (c) —-—— along mountain slopes, on roadsides, in parks and gardens. Trees give us shade. They (d) — -—— life to place with their colourful flowers, beautiful leaves, fruits and thick trunks. They (e) —-——shelters for birds and animals. They give us timber, medicines, paper, gum and many other useful things. They (f) —-——- in carbon dioxide and (g) —-—— oxygen. As you know, by now man (h) —-—— oxygen to (i) —-—— and live. Trees are our best friends. We should (j) —-—— them and plant more trees around us. 10. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap :1x10=10 Everybody (a) ———— to live a happy and peaceful life. But what are the (b) —— —— that can assure you of such a nice life? Naturally people's opinions are quite different on this point. The factors (c) ———— be money, power, security, honour, love, health, good family bondage, education, voluptuous pleasures etc. Most people (d) ———— money alone can ensure all other elements (e) ———— for a happy life. It's partly true. But if you (f) ———— stick to money, you may start running after money. But you cannot live in two rooms, cannot (g) ———— two persons' food etc. at the (h) ———— time. You should bear in (i) ———— that your necessity or desire has a limit. If you exceed the limit and run (j) ———— money with an endless greed, you will be utterly ruined. Part- C : Guided Writing 11. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write out the sentences in full: 2x6=12 

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A (i) E-mail has

B is

C a revolution

D mode of communication. countries like ours.

(ii) Messages can be become greatly to another dependent (iii) It brought about on this speedy telephone calls. (iv) Trader and not reached every commercially within seconds. commerce has one operated e-mail facilities (v) It has, however, started using far cheaper than in modern communication (vi) But even here transmitted people have one country

from especially developing

in for important purposes.

12. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order to make a continuous story :-1x14=14 (i) He was born on 18 June at Bathua village in Hat Hazari of Chittagong. (ii) He is the third among fourteen children of his parents. (iii) Then he got himself admitted into a collegiate school and passed the Matriculation standing 16th position. (iv) After passing the Intermediate Examination, he got himself admitted into the University of Dhaka in the Department of Economics. (v) He established Grameen Bank in 1976 and started his micro credit programme from Jobra village. (vi) His activities of poverty alleviation and promotion of peace have been famous all over the world. (vii) You must have heard the name of Professor Dr, Muhammed Yunus. (viii) His father's name is Hazi Dula Mia and mother's name is Sufla Khatun. (ix) He completed his primary education from Lama Bazar Primary School and got first place in the scholarship examination. (x) He got MA. in Economics in 1961 and did his Ph.D in 1969 from the USA. (xi) He passed the Intermediate Examination from Chittagong College. (xii) Grameen Bank and his micro credit programmes have been very successful in poverty reduction all over the world. (xiii) His Project for the promotion of peace through poverty reduction has been taken as a model all over the world. (xiv) He is awarded the Nobel Prize for peace in 2006 for which the Bengali nation is proud of. 13. Write a paragraph of about 100 words based on the following questions. Your answer to the questions should give as much detail as possible :— 14 (a) What is an international language? (b) Why is English so called? (c) Why is it necessary? (d) What does it give to a man? (e) What is your evaluation of it? 

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DHAKA BOARD – 2009 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER Part A : Seen Comprehension (40 Marks) Read the passage below and answer the questions 1 — 4 : Working opportunities for women are very few in rural areas of Bangladesh. They usually spend their time doing their household chores. The 1LO recently started a project titled "Technologies for Rural Employment with Special Reference to Women and Sustainable Development". The aim of this project is to impart training to rural women in various activities and make them self-reliant. Sakhina Begum is a beneficiary of this project. She attended a training course on food processing at the Bangladesh Agriculture Research Institute (BART) at Gazipur. She has two school-going children. Her husband is a rickshaw-puller who does not earn enough to support the family and pay for the children's education. From the BARI training course, Sakhina learnt how to make jam, jelly, pickles, popcorn and many other food items. Along with her fellow project beneficiaries, she is now producing these items and selling them in the local market.' With the proceeds, she is now able to add to her family income. If they continue doing their work, Sakhina and other women working with her will surely see happier days with the new employment opportunities created by the ILO project. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1x5=5 (a) Working opportunities for women in the village areas are ample/ adequate/ little. (b) Sakhina's husband draws/carries/takes rickshaw. (c) Women in villages usually spend time in rearing children/working in fields/doing domestic works. (d) The word 'proceeds' means procedure/profit/procure. (e) The BARI makes research on technology/agriculture/industry. 2. True/ False? If false, give the correct information. 1x5=5 (a) Sakhina Begum sells her products in the capital market. (b) ILO training is highly beneficial for the rural women. (c) Before receiving training Sakhina's family was well-off. (d) Sakhina has learnt how to read and write from the training course. (e) Sakhina is the mother of two school-going children. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words. You may add any preposition if necessary. 1x5=5 (a) The ILO has started the project (recent). (b) Sakhina Begum is a (benefit) this project. (c) (Self-reliant) is the aim of the ILO project. (d) The ILO training brings (add) income to Sakhina Begum's family. (e) Jam, jelly etc. are one sort of (process) food. 4. Make a list of five points about the efforts made by Sakhina to improve her lot. 1x5=5 Read the passage below and answer the questions 5—8 : 

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A World Heritage Site is a place (natural or cultural) recognized by the international community in the shape of the World Heritage Convention declared by UNESCO in 1972 as possessing universal value and coming under a collective responsibility for its preservation. A country nominates a site to the convention, and a decision on whether to include it in the World Heritage list is made by a 21 -member international committee. Though a small country, Bangladesh has three World Heritage Sites— the historic Shatgombuj Mosque of Bagerhat, the ruins of the Buddhist Vihara at Paharpur and the Sundarbans. The Shatgombuj Mosque is a 15th century Islamic edifice situated in the suburbs of Bagerhat. It is an enormous Moghul architectural site covering a very large area. The Buddhist Vihara was founded in the 7th century. It is the largest single Buddhist monastery in the Indian sub-continent. It was a renowned intellectual centre from the 7th century until the 17th century. The Sundarbans— the 52nd World Heritage Site of the world-is the largest mangrove forest in the world. Many people love to see its natural beauty. It's a wonderful place to go to. far from the crowded towns and cities. 5. Write short answers to the following questions. 1x5=5 (a) What do you understand by a World Heritage Site? (b) What are the World Heritage Sites of Bangladesh? (c) When was the Buddhist Vihara renowned as an intellectual centre? (d) What do you learn, from the text above, about the Sundarbans? (e) Where is the Shatgombuj Mosque situated? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1x5=5 A World Heritage Site needs an international (a) ——. It has to be (b) —— by a country. It comes under ale) —— responsibility for its preservation. The (d) —— to include the site is (e) —— by a 21 -member international committee. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences. 1x5=5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow- chart showing different aspects of the World Heritage Sites in Bangladesh. (No. 1 has been done for you) 1x5=5 1.

A natural or cultural place

Part B: Vocabulary (20 Marks) 9. Fill in the gaps with suitable words from the box (make any grammatical change if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need. 1x10=10 resources potential create for than likely fail have returns achievement success from Investment in education (a) —— girls increases the economic and social (b) —— of development investment in all other sectors. Educating girls contributes to (c) —— wealth through its impact on economic development. Educated women have a higher income (d) —— those who have (e) —— no schooling. Educated mothers are more (f) —— to send both their boys and girls to school. It is important to realise that (g) —— in girls’ education generally results (h) —— an integrated approach to community 

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development. Thus (i) —— to educate girls results in a tremendous waste of potential human (j) ——. 10. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 An elephant does many things with its trunk. It smells, feels, and picks things up with its (a) ——. Elephants can uproot trees (b) —— their trunks. They can defend themselves by wrapping their trunks around (c) —— enemies and dashing them (d) —— the ground. They use their trunks to eat (e) —— peanuts too. They can even brush (f) —— flies. In the lumberyards of India, elephants learn to pull logs out (g) —— rivers and stack them. Elephants have even been taught to sweep. By holding a broom in (h) —— trunk, an elephant can (i) —— a road clean of dust, what a wonderful (j) —— that trunk is! Part C: Guided Writing (40 Marks) 11. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write out the sentences in full. 2x6=12 A B C D (i) Emperor Shahjahan from the for the tourists the grave of his wife (ii) The building was surrounded on the moonlit night (iii) Four slender towers a great by a beautiful inlays of coloured rise attraction marbles (iv) The Taj Mahal is to look at the Taj Mahal on of the whole world (v) It is very nice made of white four corners with terrace (vi) It is now built marbles with garden 12. The following sentences are jumbled. Rewrite them in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1x14=14 (i) He made up his mind to step down the throne and divide his kingdom. (ii) Goneril declared , "Sir, I love you more than I can say". (iii) But first he wanted to know how much they loved him. (iv) Lear was satisfied. (v) He called for the map of his kingdom and drew his" finger round one-third of it. (vi) He was tired of ruling and needed rest. (vii) Then it was the turn of Cordelia, the youngest and most loved daughter, (viii) Lear was shocked and said, "Nothing will come of nothing". (ix) When asked, his second daughter Regan said, 'My love for you shall never change'. (x) At first Lear asked his eldest daughter, "How much do you love me?" (xi) He had three daughters Goneril, Regan and Cordelia. (xii) Lear was pleased and gave her a third of his kingdom. (xiii) When asked Cordelia said, "Nothing". (xiv) Long ago there was a mighty old king of England named Lear. 13. Write a paragraph of about 100 words based on the following questions. Your answers to the questions should give as much detail as possible. 14 (a) Where is the central Shaheed Minar located? (b) Who was its architect? (c) What do the vertical lines and columns of the Shaheed Minar suggest? (d) What does it stand for? (e) How do you feel standing before a Shaheed Minar? RAJSHAHI BOARD – 2009 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER 

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Part A : Seen Comprehension (40 Marks) Read the passage below and answer the questions 1 — 4 His name was Jerry; he had been at the orphanage since he was four. I could picture him at four, with the same grave gray-blue eyes and the same independence? No, the word that comes to me is "integrity", ft is embedded on courage, but it is more than brave. It is honest, but it is more than honesty. The axe-handle broke one day. Jerry said the orphanage woodshop would repair it. I brought money to pay for the job and he refused it. "I'll pay for it, he said. "I brought the axe down careless." "But no one hits accurately every time," I told him. "The fault was in the handle." It was only then that he would take the money. He was standing back of his own carelessness. He was a free will agent and he chose to do careful work; and if he failed, he took the responsibility without subterfuge. And he did for me the unnecessary thing, the gracious thing that we find done only by the great of heart. Things no training can teach, for they are done on the instant, with no predicated experience. He found a cubbyhole beside the fireplace that I had not noticed. There, of his own accord, he put wood, so that I might always have dry fire material ready in case of sudden wet weather. A stone was loose in the rough walk to the cabin. He dug a deeper hole and steadied it, although he came, himself, by a shortcut over the bank. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1x5=5 (a) Jerry's sense of duty/courtesy/integrity impressed the authoress. (b) Jerry wanted to get the axe-handle repair/repaired/repairing. . c) Jerry's courtesy was formal/artificial/inborn. (d) Jerry came to me orphanage at the age of eight/four/twelve. (e) 'The phrase 'of his own accord' means willingly/at random/freely. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information. 1x5=5 (a) Jerry steadied at the loose stone for his own use. (b) Jerry had been at the orphanage for four years. (c) The axe-handle broke because Jerry brought the axe down careless. (d) Integrity is embedded on courage. (e) Jerry did for me the necessary thing. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the word. Add prepositions if necessary. 1x5=5 (a) Jerry (be)—— at the orphanage since he was four. (b) He took the (responsible) —— breaking the axe-handle. (c) He chose to do work (careful) (d) He was an orphan boy (live) —— the orphanage. (e) (Dig) —— a deeper hole, Jerry steadied a loose stone. 4. Make a list of five points describing Jerry's character. 1x5=5 Read the passage below and answer the questions 5 — 8 : It has been over three hundred years since Emperor Shah Jahan of Delhi built the Taj Mahal as a tomb for his wife in Agra. Architecturally, it is still one of the most beautiful buildings in the world. The building is made of fine white marble with inlays of coloured marble. It has eight sides and many open arches. It rests on a platform or terrace of red sandstone. Four slender white towers rise from this corners of the terrace. There is a large dome above the centre of the building. Around the large dome, there are four smaller domes. Just inside the outer walls, there is an open corridor from which visitors can look through carved marble screens into a central room. The bodies of Shah Jahan and his wife Mumtaz fie in two graves below this 

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room. The Tai Mahal is surrounded by a beautiful garden and there is a long pool that stretches out in front of the building. One can see the beauty of the Taj Mahal in its reflection in the pool water. Visitors come to see this wonderful building at different times of the day since it assumes a different look at different times. Most people Tike it best on moonlit nights. 5. Write short answers to the questions about 'the Taj Mahal' below. 1x5=5 (a) What architectural feature of the Taj Mahal makes it most impressive? (b) Why is it called the Taj Mahal? (c) How does the pool enhance the beauty of the Taj Mahal? (d) Why did Shah Jahan build the Taj Mahal? (e) When does the Taj seem most appealing? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1x5=5 There is a beautiful garden (a) —— the Taj and a long pool that (b) —— out in front of the building. One can see the beauty of the Taj well when ft reflects in the pool water. Visitors come to see this wonderful (c) —— building because it (d) —— a different look at different times. Most people like it (e) —— on moonlit nights. 7. Summarise five important sides of the Taj Mahal. 1x5=5 8. Based on your reading of the passage make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow chart showing the wonderful design of the Taj Mahal. (No. 1 has been done for you). 1x5=5 1.

Made of fine white marble with inlays of coloured marble.

Part B : Vocabulary (20 Marks) 9. Fill in the gaps with suitable words from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need. 1x10=10 happen furious die spoil live execution knowing wit pleasant declare wretch unpleasant expire cause Once upon a time, there was a king who was very fond of (a) —— his future from the astrologers. A famous astrologer (b) —— to stop at his capital on his way to Benaras. The king called on him to know about the future and the astrologer told him something (c) —— . At this the king got (d) —— and condemned him to (e) —— saying, "Men like you should not live to (f) -–— the peace of the world". But another thought had crossed his mind before the astrologer was removed for (g) ——. "How long will you live?" asked the king. With ready (h) —— the astrologer said, 'The stars (i) —— that I shall die only a week before your majesty. So, good-bye." Hearing this, the king turned pale like a dead man and shouted, "Drive this (j) —— away, let him not come here again." 10. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 One day a lad went to a famous teacher and having expressed his desires to (a) —— knowledge, begged him to (b) —— him in the arts and sciences. The learned man, wishing to (c) —— out what sort of ability the lad (d) ——, asked him where God (e) ——. The lad replied, "I will answer you, if you will first (f) —— me where He is (g) —— ". The sage from this sensible (h) ——, thought highly of the boy's (i) —— and according to his (j) —— perfected him in his studies. Thus the wisdom of the wise manifests itself early. 

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Part C : Guided Writing (40 Marks) 11. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write out the sentences in full. 2x6=12 A B C D (i) Environment must be taken in various ways by smoke of factories pollution and vehicles (ii) In our cities air has become to control is polluted by garbage (iii) Even the is constantly one of the greatest alarming pollution ground we problems (iv) Water walk on in the face of in our country (v) But we is also polluted being polluted in this modern age (vi) Measures should not both in urban and such an alarming remain idle rural areas problem 12. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Rewrite the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1x14=14 (i) The lion was relieved of his pain. (ii) To escape torture, one day he fled from his master's house. (iii)It was unbearable for him. (iv) He took the lion's paw in his hand and removed a big thorn from it. (v) He used to inflict heavy torture on him. (vi) The merchant sold him to a rich man in another country. (vii) Unfortunately he was caught by a slave merchant. (viii) The lion seemed wounded as he was groaning. (ix) A lion lived in a cave. (x) He came near the lion. (xi) He took shelter in a cave, (xii)In the evening the lion entered the cave. (xiii) The man was very rude and cruel. (xiv) Once there lived a young man named Androcles. 13. Write a paragraph of about 100 words based on the following questions. Your answers to the questions should give as much detail as possible. 14 (a) What is dowry? (b) What is the main reason of dowry? (c) Who take dowry and who are the victims of it? (d) How does it affect the whole society? (e) What is your reaction? (f) How can this vice be eliminated? DINAJPUR BOARD – 2009 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER Part A : Seen Comprehension (40 Marks) Read the passage below and answer the questions 1 — 4 : Bonsai is the art of growing trees and other plants in small containers in such a way that it becomes the miniature of a real tree. A Bonsai tree may be 10 years old but have a height of one foot only. The art of Bonsai originated perhaps more than 1000 years ago in China. Early Japanese aristocrats also showed a fondness for Bonsai and contributed greatly to its development. Bonsai is different from normal pot planting as it is considered an art form. A Bonsai tree is carefully shaped to remain small but still has the appearance of a large tree. It does not need large pots but small containers and 

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not much of soil. A Bonsai container has holes in the bottom which are covered with small nets so that the soil does not flow out with the water. The plant is then taken out of its original pot and one-third of its root is cut off. It is then tied with the bottom of the pot with the help of wires. Soil is then spread over it to cover the container but about an inch of the root is allowed to stay on the soil to enhance beauty. The soft branches of the plant are coiled with wires so that they are compelled to grow the way the planter wants them to grow. This allows the planter to give the tree a particular shape. A Bonsai plant is never allowed to grow too high. In fact Bonsai Is classified in two ways— (at the style in which the branches are planted and shaped and (b) their sizes. Plants that are below 6 inches are called miniature, 612 inches: small, 12-24 inches medium, and those more than 24 inches are called large. Almost all woody plants can be grown as Bonsai. The art of Bonsai is now quite popular in many places of the world. For some people, it is not only an interesting pastime but also a moneymaker. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. Ix 5=5 (a) The art of growing Bonsai first originated in Japan/China/Mesopotamia. (b) Some people grow Bonsai for pleasure/moneymaking/pleasure and money making. (c)The tender branches of Bonsai are coiled with thread/metallic thread/jute thread. (d) The Japanese common men/noblemen/educated men had fondness for Bonsai. (e) One-third of the root of a Bonsai tree is cut-off/coiled with wires/allowed to stay above. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information. 1x5=5 (a) There is no culture of Bonsai nowadays. (b) Bonsai and pot-planting are not the same. (c) A banyan tree can be grown as Bonsai. (d) A Bonsai tree is a miniature of a real tree. (e) The art of Bonsai is a new idea. 3. Fill in the gaps with correct form of the words in brackets. Add any preposition if necessary. 1x5=5 (a) Bonsai is (differ) ——-pot-planting. (b) There are two (classify) —— Bonsai plants. (c) Small nets (use) —— for covering the holes of the container. (d) Bonsai has earned much (popular) —— nowadays. (e) Early Japanese aristocrats (to contribute) —— greatly to the development of Bonsai. 4. Make a list of five points about the art of growing Bonsai. 1x5=5 Read the passage below and answer the questions 5—8 It has been over three hundred years since Emperor Shahjahan of Delhi built the Taj Mahal as a tomb for his wife in Agra. Architecturally, it is still one of the most beautiful buildings in the world. The building is made of fine white marble with inlays of coloured marble. It has eight sides and many open arches. It rests on a platform or terrace of red sandstone. Four slender white towers rise from the corners of the terrace. There is a large dome above the centre of the building. Around this large dome, there are smaller domes. Just Inside the outer walls, there is an open corridor from which visitors can look through carved marble screen into a central 

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room. The bodies of Shahjahan and his wife Mumtaz lie in two graves below this room. The Taj Mahal is surrounded by a beautiful garden and there is a long pool that stretches out in front of the building. One can see the beauty of the Taj Mahal in its reflection in the pool water. Visitors come to see this wonderful building at different times of the day since it assumes different look at different times. Most people like It best on moonlit nights. 5. Give short answers to the questions below : 1x5*5 (a) Why did Shahjahan build the Tajmahal? (b) Where do the bodies of Shahjahan and Mumtaj lie? (c) Why is the Tajmahal still one of the most beautiful buildings in the world? (d) What is the building made of? (e) When do people like it most? 6. Fill in the blanks with suitable words. 1x 5=5 The Tajmahal has always been favourite to the beauty loving people. Some people (a) that it is most beautiful at sunset. At this time, the marble (b)—— the colour of the sunset. The building and its (c) —— in the pool water gleam like pink jewels. Others like it best at noon when the bright sun (d) —— the marble shine pure white (e) —— others think it should be seen by moonlit night. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences. 1x 5=5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow-chart showing the wonderful design of the Tajmahal. (No. 1 has been done for you). 1.

Made of fine white marble

Part B : Vocabulary (20 Marks) 9. Fill in the gaps with suitable words from the box (make any grammatical change if necessary ). There are more words in the box than you need. 1x 10=10 attitude amply predetermined ordered ordained sorrows outlook belief undergo hold fate poor There are many people in our country who have a conservative (a) ——. Quite early in life they learn to (b) —— that everything in this world was (c) ——. They think all that happens to them was (d) —— by God. From this belief the poor generally accept their (e) ——. They also accept all their (f) —— and sufferings without trying much to overcome them. They also (g) —— a firm belief that those who (h) —— sufferings in this world will be (i) —— rewarded in the next world. They also have the same sort of (j) —— towards illness and disease. 10. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Bangladesh is one of the (a) —— countries of the United Nations. As a peace-loving and (b) —— country she has been undertaking welfare and (c) —— activities in line (d) —— the United Nations. Bangladesh has (e) —— the UN declaration of the second decade (f) —— the disabled in the Asia and the Pacific region. Along (g) — — other governments of this region she is (h) ——to implement the charter. There is also provision in our constitution for ensuring health (i) ——, education and employment for the (j) ——. 

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Part C : Guided Writing (40 Marks) 11. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write out the sentences in full. 2x6=12 A B C D (i) Many diseases too at environmental pollution (ii) Experts believe are rising responsible diseases (ill) Pollution suffer from many more for these diseases (iv) Today city people appears to be are afflicted by pollution (v) Adulterated food is also due to in urban areas (vi) Rural societies that it is greater an alarming rate 12. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Rewrite the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1x14=14 (i) The first friend climbed up a tree without any second thought. (ii) Suddenly a bear came there growling. (iii) Who doesn't know the story of two friends passing through a forest? (iv) The latter could not climb the tree. (v) They were talking about their love for each other. (vi) He could not make out what to do. (vii) The bear smelt his nose, ears and face. (viii) With ready wit, he lay down on the ground and pretended to be dead. (ix) Then the Dear went away. (x) After that the first friend come down. (xi) He said that the bear advised him not to trust a man who leaves his friend in danger. (xii) He asked his friend what the bear told him. (xiii) It considered him to be dead. (xiv) The second friend stood up. 13. Write a paragraph of about 100 words based on the following questions. Your answer to the questions should give as much detail as possible. 14 (a) What do you understand by load-shedding? (b) When and why does it occur? (c) How does it affect us? (d) What are its impact on our economy? (e) How can we minimize load shedding? JESSORE BOARD – 2009 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER Part A : Seen Comprehension (40 Marks) Read the passage below and answer the questions 1 — 4 : [Unit—6;Lesson— 5(C)] Every year millions of people all over the world die unnecessarily as a result of pollution. These unfortunate and avoidable deaths are brought about by four specific factors. Firstly, air pollution from factories, burning trash, and vehicle fumes causes pneumonia, bronchitis and other respiratory diseases. Then, water pollution from industrial discharge, the indiscriminate disposal of toxic chemicals, and the dumping of human waste into rivers and canals causes poisoning and water-borne diseases such as cholera and diarrhoea. The next factor is the noise pollution from vehicle horns and 

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microphones that might cause aggression and damage hearing. And finally, odour pollution from dumped or untreated human waste causes serious discomfort to ours sense of smell and attracts disease-bearing creatures such as rats and flies. We should take determined action to control those problems and clean up the environment to I avert these unnecessary diseases. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1x 5=5 (a)Every year numerous people die unnecessarily owing to accidents/contamination/ killings. (b) Odour pollution kills/attracts/expels disease-bearing creatures. (c) We should clean up the environment to prevent futile/fatal/unnecessary diseases. (d) As a result of pollution many/no/a few people die every year. (e) Pneumonia is caused by polluted water/air/sound. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information. 1x5=5 (a) The passage deals with nutrition problem. (b) Respiratory diseases are caused by water pollution. (c) The problems mentioned in the passage can be solved easily. (d) Clean environment is necessary for a healthy life. (e) Air pollution may damage our hearing. 3. Fill in the gaps with correct form of the words in brackets. Add any preposition if necessary. 1x5=5 (a) Disease (lead) —— death. (b) (Fell) —— trees and plants at random brings about various natural disasters. (c) Smoke is created when anything is (burn) ——. (d) Sound pollution (affect) —— our hearing. (e) (Respiration) —— diseases are caused by air pollution. ' 4. Make a list of five things about the source of pollution. 1x5=5 Read the passage below and answer the questions 5—8 : [Unit—3; Lesson—2(6)] Statistics show that about 350 million people speak English as a first language and another 300 million use it as a second language. It is the official or semi-official language in more than 60 countries and of many international organisations. The International Olympic Committee, for example, always holds meetings in English. English helps the international community and the business world to communicate across national borders. Today, more than 80% of all the information in the world's computers Is in English, so organisations frequently need employees who speak and write a standard form of English. In fact some companies provide English language training for their staff. It is therefore little wonder that job advertisements nowadays often ask for a 'good working knowledge' of English. Many believe now that English usually helps them to get good Jobs and better salaries. 5. Write short answers to the following questions. 1x5=5 (a) How many countries use English as official or semi-official language? (b) Why do business organizations prefer English Knowing people? (c) How does English help the international community and the business world? (d) What does the expression "good working knowledge" mean? (e) What does the passage deal with? 6. Fill in the blanks with suitable words. 1x5=5 English is a great (a) —— in the world today. It is a (b) used language. It has crossed national borders to (c) —— people who speak other languages. People of more than 

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60 countries (d) —— it as the official or semi-official language. In fact, English has become a common language for international (e) ——. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences. 1x 5=5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow-chart showing the widespread use of English. (No. 1 has been done for you.) 1x 5=5 1.

Common language for international communication

Part B: Vocabulary (20 Marks ) 9. Fill in the gaps with suitable words from the following list. There are more words in the box than you need. Sometimes you have to make grammatical changes. 1x10=10 survive surroundings look escape method leaf protect from different move colour fly Animals must be able to (a) ____ themselves from enemies in order to (b) ____. Different animals have (c) —— ways. Some animals have 'protective colouring' that is their (d) —— changes to match their (e) ——. The common tree toad changes (f) —— gray to green when it (g) —— from the trunk of a tree to a green (h) ——. Similarly the dead-leaf butterfly (i) —— being seen by its enemies because it (j) —— like a dry leaf 10. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 While eating food we have to (a) —— that we should not eat just to satisfy hunger or to (b) —— the stomach. We should (c) —— to preserve our health. For good (d) — — we need good food. Sometimes it so happens that people (e) ——live even in the midst of plenty, do not eat the (f) ——they need for a good health as they (g) —— no knowledge of health and nutrition. Again the poor and illiterate people think that good food (h) —— costly food. They do not (i) —— that whatever food they get can be nutritive (j) —— they can select the food items wisely to make a balanced diet. Part C : Guided writing (40 Marks) 11. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write out the sentences in full. 2x6=12 A B (i) Water feel (ii) But it helps (iii) Moderate rainfall do not get (iv) Excessive rainfall can be (v) Our farmers is (vi) They destroys

C most of Water essential for the dire need of Produce both a blessing

D our crops bumper crops water for irrigation in a proper way and a curse our agriculture

12. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Rewrite the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1x14=14 (i) Then he saw a spider trying hard to reach the ceiling of the cave. (ii) But it did not give up hope. 

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(iii) The spider failed again and again to succeed. (iv) Bruce saw the spider climbing to the ceiling after some unsuccessful attempts. (v) He gathered an army of strong men and attacked his enemies. (vi) This dauntless spider inspired Bruce to shake off the darkness of the despair. (vii) The enemies courted defeat and Robert Bruce regained his kingdom. (viii) The king fought bravely but lost the battle. (ix) Robert was a famous king. (x) He had to flee from his kingdom to save his life. (xi) Enemies invaded his kingdom. (xii) And he took shelter in a remote cave. (xiii) Once he was lying in a cave. (xiv) The king was always in a gloomy state for his unhappy condition. 13. Write a paragraph of about 100 words based on the following questions. Your answers to the questions should give as much detail as possible. 14 (a) What is your idea about a book fair? (b) When and where is it held usually? (c) What purpose does it serve? (d) How is it organised? (e) What steps can be taken to make such a fair successful? COMMILLA BOARD – 2009 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER Part A : Seen Comprehension (40 Marks) Read the passage below and answer the questions 1 — 4 : [Unit—3; Lesson— 1(B)] ‘Communicative competence' refers to the ability to use them appropriately in various circumstances. There are two ways of developing communicative competence in a language. The first is acquisition, which is similar to the way people develop ability in their mother tongue. It is a natural subconscious process in which users are not usually aware of acquiring a language. They are aware only of the fact that they are using the language to communicate. In non-technical terms, acquisition is 'picking up' a language spontaneously. It may also be called 'implicit' learning. On the other hand, the second way of a developing communicative competence in a language is learning that language. It refers to conscious knowledge of a second language, knowing the rules of language use, being aware of using them, and Being able to talk about them, fn non-technical terms, learning is to know consciously about a language. It may be described as 'explicit' learning. Language specialists believe that acquiring a language is more successful and longer lasting than learning it. Therefore, teachers these days encourage learners of a second language to practise and experience the language in different situations where they are involved in communicating with others. And that is exactly what the tasks in this book are designed to do. 1. Choose the right word /expression to complete each sentence. 1x5=5 (a) The language specialists believed that a language is more successful when it is learn/acquired/taught. (b) Communicative competence means compatibility/discussion/talk to make oneself understood to others. (c) Rules of grammar should be learnt/neglected/written to master over communicative competence. (d) Explicit means/foreign/native/direct. 

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(e) Teachers encourage learners of a second language to practise/use/establish the language in different situation. 2. True /False? If false, give the correct information. 1x5=5 (a) People develop ability in their mother tongue through artificial process. (b) The task are to develop students' communicative skill. (c) Explicit learning is not better than implicit learning. (d) Nowadays practice and experience of the second language are emphasised. (e) The passage exhibits the difference between acquisition and learning. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words in the brackets. Add any preposition if necessary. 1x5=5 (a) They should also have the (able) —— the language. (b) It is the (believe) —— the language specialist. (c) The book aims at (teach) —— the learners the basic grammar. (d) People use language for (communicate) —— others. (e) The users have no (aware) ——— the language. 4. Make a list of five sentences on the main points of the passage. 1x5=5 Read the passage below and answer the questions 5 — 8 [Unit—1; Lesson— 3(B)] In the past, the common form of marriage among the various culture group in Kenya was polygamy and the polygamous families were embedded in extended family units consisting of a I man, his several wives and their married sons and children. But in line with the modern world, things are now changing there. The old custom of polygamous marriage is yielding to the new practice of monogamy, although many polygamous families can still be found in rural areas I of Kenya. Many monogamous Kenyans are now living in unclear families with their single j spouses and their children. Many of them have given up their pastoral lives and have become wage-earns in cities. But they can hardly give up their extended family and lineage connection! back in their village. Some families have to maintain two household, one in their extended-! family home in the village and the other in the city. This often poses a dilemma for them. 5. Write short answers to the following questions. 1x5=5 (a) From your reading of the passage, what do you think is the dilemma of the modern family? (b) Why is polygamy disappearing day by day from Kenya? (c) What is polygamy and monogamy? (d) How were the families in Kenya in the past? (e) Where do the polygamous families live at present? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1x5=5 (a) —— was in vogue in Kenya. Former Kenyans were very much interested in polygamous families. But fortunately the trend has changed a lot giving (b) ——— to the monogamy. They have realised the (c) —— that monogamous families are far better than the (d) —— ones. This trend will usher (e) —— a new hope to the new generation. The consciousness will bring positive results to the people of Kenya. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences. 1x5=5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, fill up the boxes with short notes regarding polygamy. [Number one has been done for you]. 1x5=5 1.

Not liked by modern Kenyans

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Part B : Vocabulary (20 Marks) 9. Fill in the gaps with a suitable words from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need. 1x10=10 growth wife income cost day to day okay inten d astonish share expensive ability pretty rented Hellow, my name is Charles Karoro and I am a banker. My salary is (a) —— but the (b) —— expenses in Nairobi are (c) —— high. Both housing and food are (d) —— in the capital. I have (e) —— an apartment but it is really too small for my family. Of course it doesn't have a garden. So my (f) —— Maria, who loves gardening can't (g) —— anything. She can't go out to work either because there's no one else in the house to look after the children. So, the whole family depends on my (h) —— alone. I have great hopes for my children and would like to send them to a good school. But good schools are very (i) ——. I am not sure how much I will be able to help them. Moreover, I am often in a fix about whether I should (j) —— my income with my brothers in the village. 10. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Dhaka is the capital of Bangladesh. It is a populous city. It is a city (a) —— traffic jam. A fly (b) —— is built at Mohakhali with a view to (c) —— the traffic jam. To (d) —— this problem, traffic rules (e) —— be enforced. Besides this, drivers, passers-by and (f) —— should honour and abide (g) —— all rules (h) —— making the city habitable. Otherwise our life (i) —— remain (j) —— stake. Part C : Guided Writing (40 Marks) 11. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write out the sentences in full. 2x6=12 A B C D (i) Women in has started the main of this project of rural Bangladesh beneficiaries poverty (ii)

They

are

reaping the benefits

in various economic activities (iii) Recently , the aims a project for of the laudable ILO project (iv) The project have launched at training rural employment of rural women women (v) Very poor are compelled very few doing household women opportunities chores (vi) These helpless have to spend their whole of work outside the women life home 12. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Rewrite the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph or write the number of the sentences serially. 1x14=14 

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(i) The hare was always proud of his speed, (ii) The next day the hare and the tortoise reached the venue. (iii) One day he challenged the tortoise to defeat him in a race. (iv) The hare ran very swiftly. (v) Long ago there lived a hare in a forest. (vi) They got ready. (vii) The hare always teased the tortoise. (viii) Covering much, the hare took rest. (ix) A tortoise also lived nearby. (x) They went to a fox and wanted him to act as a judge. (xi) He decided to take rest for sometime. (xii) The tortoise accepted the challenge. (xiii) As the fox waved the flag, the two started running. (xiv) But the tortoise ran very slowly. 13. Write a paragraph of about 100 words based on the following questions. Your answers to the questions should give as much detail as possible. 14 (a) What is good health? (b) How can we keep good health? (c) Do all the people of your country get the food they need for good health? (d) What impact do the complexities of life have on our health? (e) Do you think a simple and carefree life is conducive to good health? CHITTAGONG BOARD – 2009 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER Part A : Seen Comprehension (40 Marks) Read the passage below and answer the questions 1 — 4 : Statistics show that about 350 million people speak English as a first language and another 300 million use it as a second language. It is the official or semi-official language in more than 60 countries and of many international organisations. The International Olympic Committee, for example, always holds meetings in English. English helps the international community and the business world to communicate across national borders. Today, more than 80% of all the information in the world's computers is in English. So organisations frequently need employees who speak and write a standard form of English. In fact some companies provide English language training for their staff. It is, therefore, little wonder that job advertisements nowadays often ask for a good working knowledge' of English. Many believe now that English usually helps them to get good jobs and better salaries. 1. Choose the right word/expression to complete each sentence. 1x5=5 (a) First language means the important/main/natural language. (b) A second language is one that is taught and learnt as next in importance to the mother tongue/a foreign language/ a dead language. (c) The number of people who use English as a second language is about 300/350/250 million. (d) International Olympic Committee always holds its meetings in French/ English/ Spanish. (e) English is used as official or semi-official language in more than 60/50/70 countries. 2. True/False? If raise, Give the correct information. 1x5=5 

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(a) Nowadays more than eighty per cent of all the information in the world's computers is in English. (b) Many nowadays get good jobs because they know English. (c) Many international organisations often use different languages. (d) A good knowledge in English is necessary for a good job. (e) No companies arrange training for their staff to make them able to use English well. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words in brackets. Add any preposition if necessary. 1x5=5 (a) Statistics show that English is (speak) —— as a first language by 350 million people. (b) The International Olympic Committee (use) —— English in its meetings. (c) English (help) —— communication across national borders. (d) More than 80% of all the information in the world's computers (be) —— in English. (e) Employers nowadays want applicants (have)——a good working knowledge of English. 4. Make a list of five reasons why English is important. 1x5=5 Read the passage below and answer the questions 5 — 8 : [Unit—12; Lesson— 6(C)] As his reputation as a scientist soared higher and higher, fate followed with less rewarding things. Stephen Hawking gradually started losing control over the muscles of his body as he gradually became a victim of Gehrig's disease. Since the age of thirty, he has been confined to a wheelchair with no power to control his body except for some limited movement of his head and hands only. He can speak only through a computer with a voice synthesiser that converts his messages into sounds. But such a tremendous physical handicap has not managed to dishearten or slow him down. Stephen is still a relentless worker, using his computer to carry out research work as well as deliver lectures. He lives with his wife and three daughters and is provided with twenty-four hours nursing facilities by an American organisation for his physical well-being. 5. Write short answers to the following questions. 1x5=5 (a) What is the fate of Stephen Hawking? (b) Why has Stephen been confined to a wheelchair? (c) How does he carry out his research? (d) Whom does he live with? (e) What is the result of physical handicap on Stephen Hawking? 6. Fill in each gap with a suitable word. 1x5=5 Stephen Hawking is a great scientist of modern times. He has (a) —— it is a matter of great shock that at the age of thirty, he was (b) —— with Gehrig's disease. Then he gradually (c) —— control over the muscles of his body. But his physical handicap could not (d) —— him at all. Stephen still (e) —— his research work by using a computer. 7. Summarise the passage in about five sentences. 5 8. Based on your reading of the passage make short notes in each of the boxes in the flowchart showing the remarkable happenings of Stephen's life. (No. 1 has been done for you) 1x5=5 1.

Stephen's sky high reputation

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Part B : Vocabulary (20 Marks) 9. Fill in the gaps with suitable words from the box (make any grammatical change if necessary).There are more words in the box than you need. 1x10=10 carry provide get essential redefine needs enable yardstick adopt shelter enhance protect aware perform Education is one of the basic (a) —— of a human being and is (b) —— for every kind of development. It (c) —— us to make right choices in life. It (d) ——our ability to raise crops, store food, (e) —— the environment and (f) —— out our social responsibilities. It (g) ——us with an enlightened (h) —— about things. But education has to be (i) ——. It is not merely (j) —— degrees from schools, colleges and universities. It is something more lasting, more humane. 10. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Man pollutes water, another vital (a) —— of the environment, by throwing waste into it. Farmers (b) —— chemical fertilizers and insecticides in their fields. Some of these chemicals washed away by rain and floods, (c) —— mixed with water in the rivers, canals and ponds. Water is also (d) —— by mills and factories when they throw their (e) —— chemicals and waste products into rivers and canals. Water vehicles also pollute rivers by dumping oil, food waste and human (f) —— into them. Insanitary latrines (g) —— on river and canal banks are also (h) —— for further pollution. In this way various (i) —— of waste and filth (j) —— water. Part C : Guided Writing (40 Marks) 11. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write out the sentences in full. 2x6=12 A B C D (i) Robinson Crusoe wanted that Crusoe should at all go (ii) He did not want to be a sailor England (iii) His father was born Him from his boyhood (iv) He wanted In one day (v) His father did not like the idea to sea (vi) Crusoe left home for the sea to be a physician 12. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Rewrite the sentences in the proper order in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1x14=14 (i) The hare was always proud of his speed. (ii) The next day the hare and the tortoise reached the venue. (iii) One day he challenged the tortoise to defeat him in a race. (iv) The hare ran very swiftly. (v) Long ago there lived a hare in a forest. (vi) They got ready. (vii) The hare always teased the tortoise. (viii) Covering much, the hare took rest. (ix) A tortoise also lived nearby. 

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(x) They went to a fox and wanted him to act as a judge. (xi) He decided to take rest for sometime. (xii) The tortoise accepted the challenge. (xiii) As the fox waved the flag, the two started running. (xiv) But the tortoise ran very slowly. 13. Write a paragraph of about 100 words based on the following questions. Your answers to the questions should give as much detail as possible. 14 (a) What kind of family do you live in? Extended or nuclear? (b) Why is nuclear family getting popularity day by day? (c) What are the advantages you find in a nuclear family? (d) What are the disadvantages of it? (e) Do you think the society is following right way? SYLHET BOARD – 2009 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER Part A : Seen Comprehension (40 Marks) Read the passage below and answer the questions 1— 4: [Unit—14; Lesson— 1(B+C)] Literacy as a skill was first institutionalised in Mesopotamia, Syria, Egypt and China soon after the art of writing was invented. Education then was not for the general people but a privilege for the chosen few who took on strategic roles in the running of the state and in religion. In Greece, education became more widespread in about the 5th century BC. The Greeks, however, sent only their male children to school. When Rome was conquered by the Greeks, the Romans under Greek influence developed a strong tradition of literacy. The Romans preferred their children to acquire knowledge about agriculture and warfare. It appears that the course of education is as eventful as the history of man. The Prophet Mohammad (SM) equated one literate non-believer with ten illiterate believers. Islamic civilisation pivoted on literacy and patronage of scholarship. Ibn Sina (called Avicenna in the west), one of the most famous Muslim philosophers of all times, saw the task of education as creating a complete citizen— physically, mentally and morally, and" preparing him for a profession whereby he could earn his own livelihood and contribute to the society, m the views of Al-Farabi, another great Muslim philosopher, education was one of the most important social phenomenon which made sure that the individual was prepared from an early age to acquire values, knowledge and practical skills within a particular culture. 1. Choose the right word/phrase to complete each sentence. 1x5=5 (a) Literacy came into practice soon after writing was innovated/ invented/ established. (b) Education was only for those who had a roll/rule/role in running the state and religion. (c) The Greeks sent their children/female children/male children to school. (d) Influencing the Greeks/taught by the Greeks/influenced by the Greeks, the Romans developed a strong tradition of literacy. (e) The Romans wanted their children to gather/require/obtain information about practical subjects. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information. 1x5=5 (a) The Greeks were the first to teach literacy. (b) The Greeks did not lay emphasis on female education. 

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(c) The Romans under the influence of the Greeks developed a story tradition of literacy. (d) Writing was invented in Rome. (e) Both literate and illiterate were equal In the eye of Islam. 3. Fill in the blanks with correct form of words given in brackets. Add any preposition if necessary. 1x5=5 (a) In the past literacy was (reserve) —— the privileged class. (b) The Romans (influence) —— by the Greeks to develop literacy. (c) In the middle ages, Islamic civilization (dependence) —— on literacy and the support of rulers. (d) Ibn Sina felt that the motto of education is to make a citizen (contribution) —— his society. (e) Education aims at (prepare) —— young people for life. 4. Make a list of five points about the importance of education as mentioned in the passage. 1x5=5 Read the passage below and answer the questions 5 — 8 : [Unit—15 Lesson— 6(B)] UNICEF stood originally for the United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund. But! now it is the United Nations Children's Fund which gives long-term help to children of| developing nations. It runs several welfare projects in Bangladesh. It has established numerous maternity and baby care centres around the country to ensure the health of babies and child-bearing mothers. It has organised training programmes to create rural health workers. Through awareness-raising activities about health and nutrition, this organisation has been able to reduce infant mortality rates in Bangladesh. Besides, in times of disasters like cyclones, flood, and famine, it undertakes humanitarian work to help the affected people. To facilitate education, UNICEF distributes reading and writing materials among students, trains teachers and promotes primary education particularly among girls. It also assists a variety of rehabilitation programmes in Bangladesh. 5. Write short answers to the following questions. 1x5=5 (a) What does UNICEF stand for? (b) What does it when any natural calamities strike Bangladesh? (c) Name one long term activity of UNICEF. (d) What has contributed to lowering infant mortality? (e) What is the passage about? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1x5=5 UNICEF runs a great number of programmes (a) —— the welfare of children in Bangladesh. If (b) —— for reducing the child mortality in rural Bangladesh too. Many maternity and baby care centres have been established to (c) mothers also (d) —— help (e) —— it. 7. Summarise in five sentences the overall activities of UNICEF in Bangladesh.

1x5=5

8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow-chart showing how awareness of health and nutrition can benefit society. (No. 1 has been done for you). 1x5=5 1.

Reducing infant mortality

4 

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Part B : Vocabulary (20 Marks) 9. Fill in the gaps with suitable words from the box (make any grammatical change if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need. 1x10=10 joyful eager remain want gift flood invite amity elder favourti festive delightful shy e Children are very fond of festivals. They become very (a) –––– on a day of festival. If it is their birthday, their Joys become over (b) ——. They become very (c) –––– to have wishes from their beloved persons. Whole day they (d) –––– to spend times in Joys. Usually a child on her birthday gets up early and tries to (e) –––– close to her presents. It becomes a (f)—— day, if she is presented anything very (g) —— to her. Children also want to have their friends (h) —— to their house on a festival. They expect to have a party. Their Joys give pleasure to their (i) ——. We should try to keep the children always in a (j) —— mind. 10. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 The ShatgombuJ Mosque Is a 15 century Islamic (a) _____ situated in the suburbs of Bagerhat, on the (b) —— of the Sunderbans, some 175 km. south-west of Dhaka. It is an (c) —— Mughal architectural site (d) —— a very large area. The Mosque is (e) — — in that it has sixty pillars which (f) —— seventy seven exquisitely (g) —— domes that have worn away with the (h) ——of time. The mausoleum of the city's (i) —— Khan Jahan Ali can be found nearby. With the (j) —— of the mosque as a World Heritage Site it is hoped that this beautiful architectural movement will be preserved from further decay. Part C : Guided Writing (40 Marks) 11. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write out the sentences in full. 2x6=12 A B C D (I) Water do not get most of our crops. (ii) But it feel Water bumper crops. (iii) Moderate rainfall is very essential for our agriculture. (iv) Excessive rainfall helps the dire need of and a curse. (v) Our farmers destroys Produce water for irrigation. (vi) They can be both a blessing in a proper way. 12. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Rewrite the sentences in the correct order to make a continuous paragraph. 1x14=14 (i) He is a rebel poet and our national poet, (ii) Very often he used to flee away from school, (iii) He lost his father in his childhood, (iv) So, he drew the attention of the public, (v) He was called Dukhu Mia for his sorrow. (vi) Nazrul Islam was born on the 20th May, 1899 in Burdwan. (vii) He was fond of adventures, music and Jatra party. (viii) As a result his mother fell in great economic problem. (ix) He did not like the hard and fast rules of school. (x) You must have heard the name of Kazi Nazrul Islam. 

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(xi) He spent his early life in great hardship. (xii) One day this Duknu Mia became a great poet. (xiii) He could sing, dance and compose verses even in his childhood. (xiv) As a boy Nazrul was restless and absent minded. 13. Write a paragraph of about 100 words based on the following questions. Your answers to the questions should give as much detail as possible. 14 (a) What is a moonlit night? (b) What is its impact on human mind? (c) How does nature look at such a night? (d) How do city dwellers and villagers enjoy a moonlit night? (e) Do you have any memory of it? BARISAL BOARD — 2009 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER Part A : Seen Comprehension (40 Marks) Read the passage below and answer the questions 1—4 : The environment refers to the air, water and land in which people, animals and plants live. So, human beings, animals, plants, air, water and soil are the main elements of the environment. The natural forces such as storms, cyclones and earthquakes are also a part of this environment. Climate is thus a condition of the environment. All things that make up the environment are interrelated. The way in which people, animals and plants are related to each other and to their surroundings is known as ecology. The ecosystem a complex web that links animals, plants and every other life form in the biosphere. All these things hang together. The system is in a steady state of dynamic balance which means that by altering any one part of the web you can affect all the other parts. \ For example, the destruction of forests may have serious ecological consequences on humans| and animals. It is the responsibility of human beings to prevent the environment from being spoilt. To make life healthy and comfortable we should keep the environment clean and danger-j free. But often people spoil the environment by doing unwise things and as a result, endanger their own lives. It is the ecological imbalance that causes changes in the world's climate and brings about different kinds of natural disasters. 1. Choose the best answer from the alternatives : 1x5=5 (a) The environment is made up of many things which are independent/interdependent /unrelated. (b) The ecosystem is a very simple/complex/easy system. (c) To lead/preserve/continue a healthy and comfortable life, we should keep our environment clean and safe. (d) Storms, cyclones and earthquakes are some destructive /constructive /harmless forces in the environment. (e) We fail to maintain the balance of our environment because of our cruel/ unfriendly/ inhuman activities. 2. True /False. If false, give the correct information. 1x 5=5 (a) The ecological balance brings about different kinds of natural calamities. (b) By changing any part of the web of the ecosystem, we can affect all other parts. (c) Cutting down of trees has no effect on human beings and animals. (d) The ecosystem is a very simple chain. (e) Only man is not responsible for spoiling the environment. 

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3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words. Add any preposition if necessary. 1x5=5 (a) Climate (depend) —— the balance of the environment. (b) The climate of the world may be (affect) —— the ecological imbalance. (c) Ecological imbalance (cause) —— climatic changes in the world. (d) All things making the environment are (interlink) ——. (e) People risk their lives by (pollute) —— the environment. 4. Make a list of five important points about why we should maintain the ecological balance. 1x5=5 Read the passage below and answer the questions 5—8 : [Unit—15; Lesson— 2(B)] Education is one of the basic needs of a human being and is essential for any kind of development. The poor socio-economic condition of Bangladesh can be largely attributed to most people's inaccessibility to education. Many illiterate people do not have any knowledge of health, sanitation and population control. If they were educated, they could live a healthy and planned life. Education teaches us how to earn well and how to spend well. It enables us to make the right choices in life and to perform our duties properly. It enhances our ability to raise crops, store food, protect the environment and carry out our social responsibilities. It is only education which can help us to adopt a rational attitude. It provides us with an enlightened awareness about things and this*1 awareness is the pre-requisite for social development. 5. Write short answers to the following questions. 1x5=5 (a) What is the cause of illiteracy in Bangladesh? (b) What are not the illiterate people aware of? (c) What does education aim at? (d) How is poverty an effect of illiteracy? (e) How can education ensure a better life for all? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1x5=5 Education is (a) —— as one of the basic needs of human being. Without (b) man cannot exactly decide what he has to do for a better life (c) —— from the curse of poverty, malnutrition and diseases. In fact, education (d) —— darkness and creates (e) —— in him with regard to his personal needs and duties to the society as well. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences. 1x 5=5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow-chart showing the functions of education (No. 1 has been done for you). 1x 5=5 1.

Develops human mind

Part B : Vocabulary (20 Marks) 9. Fill in the gaps with suitable words from the box (make any grammatical change if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need. 1x10=10 with improve not mean maintain upon stop take easily than keep depend raise avoid Overeating (a) —— taking too much food (b) ——one needs. We eat (c) —— to overload our stomach but to (d) ——a sound health. A sound health (e) —— on 

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eating habit to some extent. Overeating tells (f) —— our health. By (g) —— awareness of the people the habit of overeating can be (h) ——. With a view to (i) — — our body fit, we should (j) —— taking too much food. 10. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Sports are a (a) —— form of entertainment. Many international sporting events are (b) —— from time to time. Most of these events are (c) —— by multinational manufacturing (d) —— and business firms. They (e) —— for the sports events in exchange for the right to (f) —— their products during those events. These events are (g) —— worldwide by satellite and people all over the world watch them (h) ——. As a result, the sponsors' products (j) —— maximum media (i) —— thus giving companies international recognition. Part C : Guided writing (40 Marks) 11. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make six sensible sentences. Write out the sentences in full. 2x6=12 A B C D (i) Socrates brought Sentenced round him (ii) He began to a great philosopher against Socrates (iii) The young men was Gather to death (iv) The rulers of wanted Jealous of ancient Greece Athens (v) They was to spread knowledge among the people (vi) This great man grew two charges of his popularity 12. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Rewrite the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1x14=14 (i) Then he saw a spider trying hard to reach the ceiling of the cave, (ii) But it did not give up hope, iii) The spider failed again and again to succeed. (iv) Bruce saw the spider climbing the ceiling after some unsuccessful attempts, (v) He gathered an army of strong men and attacked his enemies, (vi) This dauntless spider inspired Bruce to shake off the darkness of despair, (vii) The enemies were defeated and Bruce regained his kingdom, (viii) The king fought bravely but lost the battle. (ix) Robert Bruce was a famous king. (x) He had to flee from his kingdom to save his life. (xi) Enemies invaded his kingdom. (xii) He took shelter in a remote cave. (xiii) Once he was lying in the cave. (xiv) The king was always in a gloomy state for his unhappy condition. 13. Write a paragraph of about 100 words based on the following questions. Your answers to the questions should give as much detail as possible. . 14 (a) What is language? (b) Why is English an international language? (c) Why should we learn English now? (d) What will happen if we do not learn this language? (e) What do you like to say about English? DHAKA BOARD-2008 

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English 1st Paper Part A: Seen Comprehension (40 marks) Read the passage below and answer the questions 1 — 4 The Great Wall of China is the largest defence fortification and the greatest building enterprise ever undertaken by man. About 1500 miles long, this unique wall stretches from the Gulf of Chili of the Yellow Sea along the northern frontier of China to Kansu Province in the west. The width of this wall varies from 15 to 40 feet at the base, and from 12 to 35 feet at the summit. Its height ranges from 20 to 50 feet. It is the only structure on earth that can be identified from the moon. Walled frontiers between the kingdoms in China date from at least the 4th century BC. In the 3rd century BC, the first emperor of "Ch'in", after uniting China, linked up the existing walls and built new sections to create the Great Wall as a continuous unit. His purpose was to defend China from the Huns on the north. Watch towers and garrison stations were set at regular intervals in order to send signals and guard the bulwark. The wall was constructed in such a way that troops summoned by beacon fire could be quickly transported along its top. The wall was built mostly of rubble, although the western sections are of tamped earth and important passes are of brick or masonry. The wall was frequently modified in later centuries. Some of its sections were built in the15th and 16th centuries with new facilities of high towers. Before that, extensive repairs and extensions were made at various periods, notably during the Ming dynasty. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1x5=5 (a) The word 'enterprise' in the first sentence means ––––––– organisation/ initiative/ development. (b) Watch towers and garrison stations were set with a view to ––––––– getting/sending/ collecting signals to summon troops. (c) The work of linking up of the existing walls started in the ––––––– 3rd/4th/5th century BC. (d) The Great Wall of China stretches along the ––––––– southern/northern/eastern border of China. (e) The emperor's purpose of uniting the existing walls was––––––– defensive/ offensive/ extraordinary. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information. 1x5=5 (a) The Great Wall of China was incapable of transporting troops along its top. (b) Kansu is the name of a province in China. (c) The construction of the Great Wall began four years before the birth of Jesus Christ. (d) Huns' target was to invade China from the north. (e) The width of the wall varies from 12 to 35 feet at the summit. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words. You may add any preposition if necessary. 1x5=5 (a) The unique Wall of China (vary) —— different points. (b) Many watch towers and garrison stations (set) —— regular intervals. (c) It is possible (identification) —— the Great Wall from the moon. (d) The wall was built for the (save) —— the Chinese. (e) The (long) —— of the wall is about 1500 miles. 4. Make a list of five important features of the Great Wall. 1x5=5 Read the passage below and answer the questions 5 — 8: 

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The present age is marked not only by the importance of the family as an economic and welfare institution but also by its increasing importance as an arrangement for socialising and raising children and for the psychological support of adults. There has been a wide disintegration of large kin groups and an intensification of relationships within the nuclear family. Moreover, the world is seeing an increasing association of women with earning and out-of-home activities. In the pre-industrial feudal society, both husbands and wives worked in the fields outside the home. In the industrial period, women were segregated from out-of-home productive work. The hearth became the place for them. Men became the wageearners and all other outdoor activities became their responsibility. In the post-war period, women started joining the workforce, contributing to family income, and thus started exercising an influence on family affairs. Previously, authority in the family rested on the husband. But women, with their economic power, started influencing decisions about important family matters. In developed countries household work is shared by both husbands and wives, and outdoor activities are done equally by both of them. Even in developing countries, with the process of industrialisation and urbanisation, extended families are breaking down. Kinship is declining. 5. Write short answers to the following questions. 1x5=5 (a) What happened to women in the industrial period? (b) What is the outcome of industrialisation and urbanisation? (c) What do you understand by 'Kinship is declining? (d) How are women influencing family matters? (e) Write down an important feature of a family at the present age. 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable word. 1x5=5 Disintegration in extended families is the cause of the (a) —— of kinship. However, it has (b) —— relationships within the nuclear family. Now women have gained economic (c) —— . They are influencing decisions in the (d) —— . The present age cannot think of their (e) —— from such activities. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences. 1x5=5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow chart showing different aspects of family. [No. 1 has been done for you) 1x5=5 1. An economic institution

Part B : Vocabulary (20 Marks) 9. Fill in the gaps with suitable words from the box (make any grammatical change if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need. 1x10=10 friendly beautiful slow pace getting on library charming easy probably impression simply residence difference It seems hard to believe that I've been in Savar for a whole month now! I promised to write and tell you how I was (a) ——. So here goes. When I first got here I just couldn't get used to the (b) —— of life. Now, though, I am learning to take things (c) —— I am beginning to feel at home. You can't imagine how (d) —— the university campus is! It is very large, very green and (e) —— the best campus in the country. It's (f) —— wonderful. My first (g) —— of the students and teachers here is that they are really (h) —— and helpful. And the 

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(i) —— is wonderful. As you know, I am staying in a hall of (j) —— but life here is so different particularly if you are used to home comforts. 10. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Michael Baumann is a lawyer. He doesn't like (a) — who talk too much. He himself (b) —— to speak very little. He doesn't (c) —— a beard but he (d) —— an enormous moustache. He (e) —— it makes him look important. He does not have a lot of (f) -— -on his head but he isn't (g) —— either. His hair is not straight but (h) ——. He is (i) — his fifties and (j) -—— to eat. Part C: Guided Writing (40 Marks) 11. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write out the sentences in full. 2x6=12 A B C D (i) I am I have Crazy about films. (ii) I always follow a normal About of my age. (iii) This is have Much film stars. (iv) Most dream Routine this stage. people (v) I don’t nothing unusual for a boy of studies. think (vi) But I must a teenaged boy gone through to worry about. 12. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Rewrite them in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1x14=14 (i) Androcles was very much afraid. (ii) So, one day he crept into a cave and fell fast asleep. (iii) His master was cruel and unkind. (iv) He became very weak and sick for want of food. (v) A lion had entered the cave roaring loudly. (vi) Once there was a slave named Androcles. (vii) He felt sure that the beast would kill him. (viii) He thought that he might die. (ix) It was crying for pain in his leg. (x) He held himself in a forest for many days. (xi) After a while, a great noise woke him up. (xii) One day he fled away from his master's house. (xiii) Soon he realized that the lion was not angry. (xiv) Androcles, removed a thorn from the lion's paw. 13. Write a paragraph of about 100 words based on the following questions. Your answer to the questions should give as much detail as possible. 14 (a) Where is Bangladesh situated? (b) When did she get her freedom? (c) How is the climate in Bangladesh? (d) Which are the main rivers of the country? (e) What are the main attractions of the county? (f) How do you feel about your country? COMILLA BOARD-2008 English 1st Paper Part A: Seen Comprehension (40 marks) Read the passage below and answer the questions from 1-4: 

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One very conspicuous change in our society is the presence of working women outside the home. Of course it has to be acknowledged that women have always worked within the household but this commonly is not counted as "work". It is unfortunate that women's roles in agricultural societies (as in our village, particularly during harvest time) have not been recognised either. Whether it is due to economic necessity or the urge to establish an individual identity or both, nowadays many women are entering the out side work force. They are joining in wide range of professions. Moreover it is not only educated women who are opting to work but women with little or no education have come out of their cocoons to earn and become self reliant. This does not mean that life is any easier for women now. In many ways it is difficult since women must still fulfil their traditional roles of wife, mother and homemaker. At work, as they compete with men they have to prove their worth twice over in order to survive. 1. Choose the right word/expression to complete each sentence. 1x5=5 (a) The position of women in Bangladesh is upgrading/damaging/declining. (b) Women are now working in a noticeable/variety of professions/one profession. (c) The presence of working women outside home is on the rising / decrease / deplorable condition. (d) Women have to compete with men to prove their position/ability/alertness. (e) Women, in general were supposed to do indoor/outdoor/household activities. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information. 1x5=5 (a) Only women having education are opting to work outside the home. (b) Women are no longer cocooned from the outside work. (c) Women are practically capable of doing any sort of work. (d) Women should continue their traditional roles in the family. (e) Women have to assert themselves for equal rights. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of words in brackets. Add any preposition if necessary. 1x5=5 (a) The traditional (believe) ———— common people regarding women's working ability is obviously wrong. (b) Women are entering the work force for the (attain) ———— their economic solvency. (c) Most of the women in our society have no self (confident) ———— themselves. (d) Women have to excel themselves by (compete) ———— men. (e) Women's (depend) ———— sounds foolish in the present context of the world. 4. Make a list of five activities generally done by women in the household.

1x5=5

Read the passage below and answer the questions from 5-8. As his reputation as a scientist soared higher and higher fate followed with less rewarding things. Stephen gradually started losing control over the muscles of his body as a victim of Gehrigs disease. Since the age of thirty he is confined to a wheelchair with no power to control his body except his head and hands only. He can speak only through a computer with a voice synthesizer that converts his messages into sounds. But such tremendous physical handicap has not managed to dishearten or 

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slow him down. Stephen is still is a relentless worker, using his computer to carry out research work as well as delivers lecture. He lives with his wife and three daughters and is provided with twenty four hour nursing facilities by an American organisation for his physical well-being. 5. Write short answers to the following questions about Stephen Hawking.

1x5=5

(a) Who is Stephan Hawking? (b) What disease was he attacked with? (c) How could he do his work in spite of his illness? (d) Whom does he live with? (e) What facilities is Hawking provided with? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1x5=5 As Hawking's reputation gradually (a) ——— fate followed with less rewarding things. He (b) ——— control over the muscles by degrees and became a (c) —— — of Gehrig’s disease. He is now (d) ——— to a wheelchair with (e) ——— no power to control his body except his head and hands only. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences giving the most important information about Stephan Hawking. 1x5=5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow chart showing how Stephen Hawking, the victim of Gehrig's disease, survives as a scientist. [No. 1 has been done for you] 1x5=5 1. Became a victim of Gehrig’s disease

Part-B: Vocabulary 9. Fill in the gaps with suitable words from the box. (make any grammatical change if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need. 1x10=10 device trained about perform essential great abacus fairly large special recent sense refers called The computer is a fairly (a) ——— invention. It has now become an (b) ——— part of modern life. It has greatly benefited us and brought (c) ——— revolutionary changes in our life. Any (d) ——— that helps people perform mathematical calculation may be (e) ——— a computer. In this sense the (f) ——— is a simple computer. Today, however, the term, computer (g) ——— to special kind of electronic machine that can perform mathematical calculations and process (h) — —— masses of information at a (i) ——— speed. In a few minutes a computer can perform calculation that (j) ——— mathematicians would need years to complete. 10. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each. 1x10=10 Sincerity is the best way of achieving success. One can go a long way if one does anything with sincerity. People who are sincere to their work are (a) ——— of making anything success. The great men are also sincere because they (b) ——— that sincerity is the (c) ——— to success. Those who are not (d) ——— can never (e) — —— a long way in the world. The poor people are not always sincere, because they do not know the (f) ——— of sincerity. If they knew it, they would (g) ——— a good use of it. Sincerity (h) ——— not only to do work properly, but also with 

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dutifulness, honesty, modesty and good behaviour. The people of our country are not still (i) ——— of the (j) ——— of sincerity. Part-C: Guided writing Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences, write out the sentences in full. 2x6=12 A B C D (i) Water feel most of our crops. (ii) But it helps water Bumper crops. (iii) Moderate rainfall do not get essential for water for irrigation. (iv) Excessive rainfall can be the dire need of in a proper way. (v) Our farmers is produce and a curse. (vi) They destroys both a blessing our agriculture. 12. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in proper order in a continuous paragraph and write the number of the sentences serially. 1x14=14 (i) He earned a lot of money from his dynamite business. (ii) He was an engineer. (iii)The 'Nobel prize' has been being given since 1901. (iv) In 1850 Alfred joined his father' s company. (v) This award was named after Alfred Nobel. (vi) Dr. Alfred Nobel was born on 21st October 1833 at Stockholm, Sweden. (vii) He had ammunition business at Leningrad. (viii) He undertook a plan to give an award for encouraging the creative work. (ix) His father Emanuel Nobel was an architect and researcher. (x) After some years Alfred Nobel invented dynamite. (xi) The prize is given every year. (xii) So it was called the "Nobel Prize". (xiii) The award was also given for setting up peace in the world. (xiv) The prize has immortalized his name. 13. Write a paragraph of about 100 words based on the following questions. Your answer to the questions should give as much details as possible. 14 (a) What is a book fair? (b) When and where is it held? (c) How popular is it? (d) Have you ever visited a book fair? (e) What kinds of books are usually available in a book fair? (f) What is your personal impression of a book fair? 11.

RAJSHAHI BOARD-2008 English 1st Paper Part A : Seen Comprehension (40 marks) Read the passage below and answer the questions from 1-4: Bangladesh is a small country but has a huge population. Most people here live below the poverty line and cannot, therefore, afford to educate their children. Many poor children either drop out of school just after a few years or simply do not go to school at all. Despite this situation, we have far too many students to educate compared to the number of institutions available. Bangladesh needs more schools, colleges and 

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universities to provide for the increasing number of students. But owing to financial and resource constraints, the government cannot fund the requisite number of educational institutions. At present every educational institution is over-crowded and class size is unusually large. As facilities in these institutions are poor, students do not get a standard education. Moreover, many educational institutions in Bangladesh are troubled with politics and violence. Sometimes, institutions are closed down to avoid clashes between rival groups of students. Such closures badly affect academic progress. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentences. 1x5=5 (a) Most of the people in Bangladesh do not have the intention/ability/endeavour to educate their children. (b) Comparatively the number of the educational institutions is insufficient / available /excess in Bangladesh. (c) Many students cannot study due to unawareness/laziness/poverty. (d) Some of our educational institutions are troubled/accomplished/glorified by terrorism. (e) The academic progress of our education has been stopped/interrupted/executed by many obstacles. 2. True/false? If false, give the correct information. 1 x5=5 (a) Every child of Bangladesh has the opportunity to take primary education. (b) Though many students drop out at school level, many educational institutions of our country are overcrowded. (c) Most of our people have to struggle with poverty. (d) The practice of politics develops the standard of our educational institutions (e) For poverty many students drop out after a few years 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words in brackets. Add any preposition if necessary. 1x5=5 (a) Poverty is the main obstacle for most of the people of Bangladesh to be (educate)———. (b) Without (remove) ———— poverty, our population cannot be educated. (c) Government is unable (provide) ———— money for all institutions. (d) Many parents have no (capable) ———— send their children to school. (e) Inspite of (be) ———— small, Bangladesh has a huge population. 4. Make a list of five reasons why people cannot afford to educate their children.

1x5=5

Read the passage below and answer the questions from 5-8 : There have been significant changes in the types of entertainment over time. Many of these no longer exist. Even if they do, people keep looking for newer forms of entertainment. Thus, snake charming, puppet show, jatragan, jarigan, sharigan and kabigan which were common forms of entertainment in the past, have almost lost their appeal. Radio, which used to be a good source of entertainment in the past, is now giving place to television and to satellite channels in particular. The entertainment business, like other spheres of life is getting westernized day by day. Folk music or palligeeti is now sung with Western instruments. At the same time, modern music is now fusing melodies from folk and traditional songs. In general, band and pop music are becoming more and more popular particularly among the young generation. Sport, has become a great source of entertainment today. Football, which used to be the most popular spectator sport in Bangladesh, is gradually being replaced by cricket as a popular form of sports entertainment. 5. Write short answers to the questions below. 1x5=5 

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(a) Is there any change in the field of entertainment in our country? (b) What instruments are now used in singing folk music? (c) Why have the old forms of entertainment lost their appeal? (d) What were the common forms of entertainment in the past? (e) What is the position of football nowadays? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. Change is the go of the day. Everything (a) ——— with the passage of time. Today what is new gets old tomorrow. Similarly change is noticed in (b) ——. Today people's tastes are not confined in older types of entertainment. They look for (c) ——— types entertainment. Sport is also a good (d) ——— of entertainment. Once people used to (e) ——— football match. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences. 5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow chart showing the changes in entertainment through the ages. (No. 1 has been done for you). 1x5=5 1.Snake charming, common entertainment of the past

Part B - Vocabulary 9. Fill in the gaps with suitable words from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need. 1x10=10 embrace introduce make remain noticing friend reputation noticeable keep usual interpret control The British have a (a) —– for (b) —– their emotions private. Some obvious things are (c) ——– in British behaviour. For example, on public transport one passenger does not (d) ——– talk to another passenger. On meeting, people do not (e) —— and often simply shake hands on a first (f) ——–. In theatres, concert halls and cinemas audiences (g) —— quiet during performances. None of these behaviour traits should be (h) ——— as unfriendliness. If a visitor (i) —– the first move to start a conversation, he will find that British people are (j) ——–. 10. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Man pollutes water, another vital (a) ——– of the environment, by (b) ——– waste into it. Farmers(c) ——– chemical fertilizers and insecticides in their fields. Some of these chemicals, washed away by rain and floods, (d) ——– mixed with water in rivers, canals and ponds. Water is also (e) ——– by mills and factories when they throw their (f) ——– chemicals and waste products into rivers and canals. Water vehicles also pollute rivers by dumping oil, food waste and human (g) ——– into them. Insanitary latrines (h) ——– on river and canal banks are also (i) ——– for further pollution. In this way various (j) ———– of wastes and filths contaminate water. Part C - Guided Writing 11. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write the sentences in full. 2x6=12 A B C D (i) The present age to the family of broken families and out of income home activities 

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(ii) Women

household work and outdoor activities (iii) As they began has seen to contribute

a wide disintegration of

by both husbands and wives

giving place to

(iv) In the developed countries now, (v) Extended families have given, (vi) Marriages now often break up

in the west and

they started influencing

are having psychological problems small, nuclear families

are associating now and are still

are done equally

large kin groups

with earning

decisions about family matters

12. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 14x1=14 (i) Then he saw a spider trying hard to reach the ceiling of the cave. (ii) But it did not give up hope. (iii) The spider failed again and again to succeed. (iv) Bruce saw the spider climbing to the ceiling after some unsuccessful attempts. (v) He gathered an army of strong men and attacked his enemies. (vi) This dauntless spider inspired Bruce to shake off the darkness of despair. (vii) The enemies courted defeat and Robert Bruce regained his kingdom. (viii) The king fought bravely but lost the battle. (ix) Robert Bruce was a famous king. (x) He had to flee from his kingdom to save his life. (xi) Enemies invaded his kingdom. (xii) And he took shelter in a remote cave. (xiii) Once he wag lying in the cave. (xiv) The king was always in a gloomy state for his unhappy condition. 13. Write a paragraph of about 100 words based on the following questions: Your answer to the questions should give as much detail as possible. 14 (a) What is an international language? (b) Why is English called so? (c) Why should we learn English? (d) What do you think about the necessity of grammar in learning English? e) How does your English text book help you learn English? JESSORE BOARD-2008 English 1st Paper Part A: Seen Comprehension (40 marks) Part -A Seen Comprehension Read the passage below and answer the questions from 1-4: In recent years, there have been many alarming reports that the world's climate is undergoing a significant change. All these reports provide strong evidence that world temperatures are increasing day by day. This increase in global warming is caused by increased amounts of carbon dioxide around the earth. Most climatologists believe that greenhouse effect is the most likely cause of this global warming. What is 

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the greenhouse effect? It is the gradual warming of the air surrounding the earth as a result of heat being trapped by environmental pollution. This is exemplified by destruction and burning down of tropical rain forests, by traffic that clogs up city streets, the rapid growth of industry, the use of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) in packaging and manufacturing commercial products, the use of detergents such as washing powder and washing-up liquid and so on. The oceans are also said to be affected both by human waste and because of pollution caused by industrial waste products, oil seeping from damaged supertankers and from other maritime disasters. However, the main culprits for global warming are carbon dioxide gas, produced by the burning of fossil fuels and forests and pollutants such as methane and chlorofluorocarbons. Climatologists predict that by midway through the next century temperatures may have risen by as much as 4°C. This could catastrophically reduce mankind's ability to grow food, destroy or severely damage wildlife and wilderness, raise sea levels and thereby flood coastal areas and farmland. The alarming news about Bangladesh is that as a result of the rise of the sea level the lower southern part of the country may one day go under water. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1x5=5 (a) The most likely cause of greenhouse effect is the raise/rise/soar of the sealevel. (b) Global warming may have a minor/insignificant/disastrous effect on life. (c) Many countries of the world are victims/martyrs/offender of this problem. (d) The burning of fossil fuels, forest and various pollutants is the effect/root/source of carbon dioxide gas. (e) Traffic that clogs up city streets has delayed/accelerated/hastened the environment pollution. 2. True/False? If false give the correct information. 1x5=5 (a) Carbon dioxide is the only culprit for global warming. (b) In the passage there is no prediction of the climatologists. (c) If the sea-level rises, it might engulf some part of Bangladesh. (d) Any kind of powder is a detergent. (e) One of the consequences of the rise in temperature is desertification. 3. Fill in the gaps with correct form of the words in brackets. Add any preposition if necessary. 1x5=5 (a) According to the (believe) ———— the climatologists, the greenhouse effect is the most likely cause of the global warming. (b) Life on earth is seriously (threaten) ———— global warming. (c) Industrial waste products are one of the (cause) ———— of water pollution. (d) The oceans are polluted by oil (flow) ———— supertankers. (e) There are many reasons of the (exemplify) ———— global warming. 4. Make a list of five things responsible for global warming. 1x5=5 Read the passage below and answer the questions from 5-8: The British have a reputation for keeping their emotions private and for being reserved in their public behaviour. There are some obvious things that people from overseas notice in British behaviour. For example, on public transport, people do not usually talk to other passengers. On meeting, people do not embrace and often simply shake hands on a first introduction. In theatres, concert halls and cinemas, audiences are quiet during performances and reactions are often restrained. None of these 

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behaviour traits, however, is to be interpreted by visitors as unfriendliness and in general, if a visitor makes the first move to start a conversation, they will find that British people are friendly and very considerate. On the other hand, some aspects of British behaviour might seem too informal for foreigners. An example is the informal use of first names among staff holding different status at work. Although it would be a blasphemy for a student to call his/her teachers by their first names in Bangladesh, it is quite common in British colleges and universities. Britain lies in the temperate region, in winter, it is very cold and windy. You should carry warm clothes with you. Moreover, there are a number of significant differences in norms and behaviour. 5. Write short answers to the following questions. 1x5=5 (a) What do the British do on public transport? (b) What do the visitors notice among the British? (c) What may be a blasphemy for a student in Bangladesh? (d) How do the British people behave on first introduction? (e) Why should you carry warm clothes with you? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1x5=5 The British are (a) ——for keeping their emotion private. They also maintain (b) ———— when they (c) ——— with the strangers. People from overseas notice some obvious things in the (d) —— of the British. When they (e) ———— other people, they do not embrace and shake hands on a first introduction. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences.

8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flowchart showing the etiquette of the British people. (No. 1 has been done for you). 1x5=5 1.Keeping their emotion private

Part B - Vocabulary 9.Fill in the gaps with suitable words from the box. (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need. 1x10=10 prediction global bring extinction undergo action waste unnecessary pollute avoid temperatures suitable rise cruelly The disposal of various kinds of (a) ––––– is seriously polluting the environment. The world’s climate is (b) –––––a significant change. (c) ––––– warming is the cause of the increase of heat in the atmosphere. The climatologists (d) ––––– that it will be difficult to find a (e) ––––– place to live in. Every year millions of people all over the world die (f) ––––– as a result of (g) ––––– . These unfortunate and (h) ––––– deaths are (i) ––––– about by four specific factors. We should take determined (j) ––––– to control these problems. 10. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Introverts and extroverts (a) ——— two kinds of men (b) —— in the society. An introvert is quite (c) ——— to an extrovert. Without (d) ——— extrovert no man or woman can (e) ——— life in the country. What we have (f) ——— from the (g) — —— of Sohel and Farid gives us the quality of introvert, (h) ——— Farid has done in the bus (i) ——— introvert. Fahima is (j) ——— the extrovert quality. Part C - Guided Writing 

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11.

Match the phrases in the following substitution table to write out the sentences in full. Make sensible sentences. 2x6=12 A B C D (i)Robinson Crusoe wanted that he should at all. go (ii) His father did not to be sailor England. want (iii) He ran away from home from his boyhood. (iv) He wanted Him to study law. (v) His father did not like In one day. (vi) He was born the idea to sea. 12. The sentences in the following text-are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1x14=14 (i) The food was very hot. (ii) The old woman felt pity for him and quickly gave Taimur a full dish of food. (iii) It was situated far away from the capital, (iv) When the news reached the Prince, he came with a large army. (v) The area was surrounded on all sides. (vi) Taimur's soldiers were all killed, but Taimur escaped with great difficulty. (vii) He disguised himself as a poor traveller and supported himself by begging. (viii) Taimur was so hungry that he did not wait. (ix) He hurriedly dug his fingers right at the middle of the dish. (x) Young Taimur once attacked a province of a powerful prince. (xi) One day he became very hungry and could not get anything to eat. (xii) He came to a house and asked an old woman to give him something to eat. (xiii) As a result he burnt his fingers. (xiv) Taimur was one of the greatest conquerors of the world. 13. Write a paragraph of about 100 words based on the following questions. Your answers to the questions should give as much detail as possible. 14 (a) What is load-shedding? (b) What are the causes of load-shedding? (c) How do people suffer during it? (d) What are its effects on the economy of the country? (e) How can we minimize load-shedding? BARISHAL BOARD-2008 English 1st Paper Part A: Seen Comprehension (40 marks) Part A — Seen Comprehension Read the passage below and answer the questions 1-4. 'Globalisation' has become a buzzword in the new era of international relations. Basically, it is a process of expanding trade and commerce all over the world by creating a borderless market. But it has had a far-reaching effect on many aspects of life. With the development of hi-tech communication media and rapid transportation facilities, the world has come closer. We can now learn in an instant what is happening in the farthest corner of the world and travel to any country in the shortest 

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possible time. Countries of the world are like families in a village. They can even share their joys and sorrows like the next-door neighbours. If one country is in distress, others can immediately come to its assistance. If we could build up an atmosphere of mutual understanding and co-operation through this globalisation process, our world could certainly be a better place to live in. 1. Choose the best answer from the alternatives; 1x5=5 (a) Globalization has influenced our life very widely/easily/slowly. (b) Now a country in distress can immediately be attacked/helped/developed by the others. (c) It is very difficult/important/easy to know what is happening in other parts of the world. (d) Globalization aims at establishing/creating/expanding a borderless market in the world. (e) The world has come closer and has become a populated/large/global village. 2. True/False. If false, give the correct information 1x5=5 (a) Globalization is a process of expanding trade and commerce all over the world. (b) Globalization has not become an unfamiliar word. (c) Now we can know, at once, what is taking place in the remotest parts of the world. (d) Globalization hinders mutual understanding and co-operation among the countries. (e) Only a few aspects of our life have been influenced by globalization. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words. Add any preposition if necessary

1x5=5

(a) Due to the development of hi-tech communication media, we can know what (happen) —— in the remotest parts of the world. (b) Other countries can immediately come to the (assist) — of a country in disaster. (c) If it (be) ———— possible to build up an atmosphere of mutual understanding and co-operation, the world would be a better place to live in. (d) Globalization is a process of (expand) —— trade and commerce all over the world. (e) Any country in distress can (help) ——— in the shortest possible time. 4. Make a list of five opportunities created by globalization. 1x5=5 Read the passage below and answer the questions 5—8 :There have been significant changes in the types of entertainment over time. Many of these no longer exist. Even if they do, people keep looking for newer forms of entertainment. Thus, snake charming, puppet show, jatragan, jarigan, sharigan and kabigan which were common forms of entertainment in the past, have almost lost their appeal. Radio, which used to be a good source of entertainment in the past, is now giving place to television and to satellite channels in particular. The entertainment business, like other spheres of life, is getting westernized day by day. Folk music or palligeeti is now sung with Western instruments. At the same time, modern music is now fusing melodies from folk and traditional songs. In general, band and pop music are becoming more and more popular, particularly among the young generation. Sport has become a great source of entertainment today. Football, which used to be the most popular spectator sport in Bangladesh, is gradually being replaced by cricket as a popular form of sports entertainment. 

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5. Write short answers to the following questions:1x5=5 (a) Do you notice any change in the field of entertainment in Bangladesh? (b) What were the common forms of entertainment in the past? (c) What is the position of radio now? (d) Are the common forms of entertainment popular as before? (e) Which item of sport is now replaced by cricket? 6. Fill in each gap with a suitable word:1x5=5 Change is the (a) ————— of the day. Everything (b) —— in course of time. What is new today will grow old tomorrow. In the same way we notice changes in the matter of (c) —————. At present, our people find little (d) ———— in jarigan, sharigan and kabigan. Our melodious and meaningful Bangla songs are yielding place (e) —— the modern pop songs. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences. 1x5=5 8. On the basis of your reading of the passage, make a short note in each of the boxes in the flow chart showing how changes are taking place in the sphere of entertainment. (No, 1 has been done for you.) 1x5=5 1.Noticeable changes in the forms of entertainment

Part B—Vocabulary 9. Fill in each gap with a suitable word from the box. (make any grammatical change if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need:- 1x10=10 add breathe need plant prevent preserve produce protect provide take give wash Trees are very useful to human beings. They (a) —— the rich top soil from being (b) ——away by rain water and floods. You can see trees being (c) —— along mountain slopes, on road sides, in parks and gardens. Trees give us shade. They (d) —— life to a place with their colorful flowers, beautiful leaves, fruits and thick trunks. They (e) —— shelters for birds and animals. They give us timber, medicines, paper, gum and many other useful things. They (f) —— in carbon –di oxide and (g) —— oxygen. As you know, by now man (h) —— oxygen to (i) —— and live. Trees are our best friends. We should (j) —— them and plant more trees around us. 10. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Man pollutes water, another vital (a) ——— of the environment by (b) ——— waste into it. Farmers (c) —— chemical fertilizers and insecticides in the fields. Some of these chemicals, washed away by rain and floods, (d) ———mixed with water in rivers, canals and ponds, Water is also (e) ——— by mills and factories when they throw their (f) ——— chemicals and waste products into rivers and canals. Water vehicles also pollute rivers by dumping oil, food waste and human (g) ——— into them. Insanitary latrines (h) ——— on rivers and canal banks are also (i) ——— for further pollution. In this way various (j) ——— of waste and filth pollute water. 11.

Part C — Guided Writing Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write out the sentences in full:2x6=12 A B C D 

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(i) It saw From a long journey. (ii) Here and there over came back Desolate he turned them out. the grass (iii) Every afternoon as became the children playing in the giant's the children in the garden garden. (iv) One day the giant stood a large lovely with soft green grass. garden (v) When he was from school they like stars. used to go and play (vi) The garden were beautiful flowers soon. coming 12.

The sentences in the following text are jumbled . Re-write the sentences in the proper order in a continuous paragraph to make a story:1x14=14 (i) They set it on fire. (ii) Seeing the armed forces taking position, Dr. Zoha came forward. (iii) Finally, Dr. Zoha was shot in the back at 11 in the morning. (iv) Later, he was bayonet charged too. (v) Meanwhile, the students doused a parked army jeep with kerosene. (vi) The teachers saw this. (vii) The armed forces saw the situation. (viii) They started to take up position against the students. (ix) Then, he declared that their bullets would pierce his heart first. (x) He requested the armed forces not to open fire on the students. (xi) But they did not pay any heed to him. (xii) So, they requested the guards on duty to open the gate. (xiii) The situation went beyond control. (xiv) The agitated students of Rajshahi University started to jump over the locked gate and to scale the wall. 13. Write a paragraph of about 100 words based on the following questions. Your answers to the questions should give as much detail as possible:14 (i) Why is Bangladesh called a land of natural calamities? (ii) What is the most common natural calamity here? (iii) When does it usually occur? (iv) What are its effects? (v) Can we control it? SYLHET BOARD-2008 English 1st Paper Part A : Seen Comprehension (40 marks) Read the following passage and answer the questions 1-4: The process of globalisation obviously requires a common language for international communication. For many different reasons, English has achieved the prestige of being that language, As a result, it has crossed national borders to reach people who speak other languages. It is no longer the unique possession of the British or American or other native speaker people, but a language that belongs to the world's people. In fact, bilingual and multilingual users of English far outnumber its monolingual native speakers. This phenomenon has led to a bewildering variety of English around the world. As more and more people speak English, more and more 

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varieties have emerged which are strongly influenced by the pronunciation, grammar and idioms of the respective mother tongues. World English has now moved away from the control of its native speakers. There is a joke that global English is neither British nor American, rather it is bad English. However, the question of good or bad English is irrelevant now. Today's slogan is mutual intelligibility among users of the language. 1. Choose the right word/phrase to complete each sentence. 1x5=5 (a) Globalization need/needed/needs a common language. (b) Nowadays English belong to/belongs to/is belonged world's people. (c) Nowadays people hardly bother about correction/appropriateness/prescise of their English. (d) As a common language English is able to create better understanding / enmity / opposition among different nations. (e) Today's slogan is 'mutual intelligibility' among users of the language. Here the word 'intelligibility' is verb/preposition/noun. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information. 1x5=5 (a) English is not spoken only in England, America and some other English speaking countries. (b) Globalization does not require any particular common language. (c) Only good English is spoken globally. (d) The plural form of the word 'phenomenon' is 'phenomena'. (e) All people can hardly be benefited from English. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of words in brackets. Add any preposition if necessary. 1x5=5 (a) Once English (be) ——— spoken by the native speakers only. (b) World English (move) ——— now away from the control of the English. (c) The standard of English in our country is (get) ——— low gradually. (d) Global English is (say) ——— to be bad English. (e) English has made (communicate) ——— the people of other countries convenient. 4. Make a list of five points about the necessity of English in global perspective. 1x5=5

Read the passage below and answer the questions from 5-8. The British have a reputation for keeping their emotions private and for being reserved in their public behaviour. There are some obvious things that people from overseas notice in British behaviour. For example, on public transport, people do not usually talk to other passengers. On meeting, people do not embrace and often simply shake hands on a first introduction. In theatres, concert halls and cinemas, audiences are quiet during performances and reactions are often restrained. None of these behaviour traits, however, need to be interpreted by visitors as unfriendliness and in general, if a visitor makes the first move to start a conversation, they will find that British people are friendly and very considerate. On the other hand, some aspects of British behaviour might seem too informal for foreigners. An example is the informal use of first names among staff holding different status at work. Although it would be a blasphemy for a student to call his/her teachers by their first names in Bangladesh, it is quite common in British colleges and universities. 5. Write short answers to the following questions. 1x5=5 (a) What goodwill do the British have? 

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(b) How do the British people behave on public transport? (c) How do the British people behave in cinema hall? (d) Are the British people really unfriendly? (e) What aspect of British behaviour may appear informal to a foreigner? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1x5=5 Shahida went to Britain for her graduation. She came back last year. During her stay there she marked many things about the British behaviour. She (a) ——— that the British were by nature reserve. They did not talk on public transport unless they were (b) ——— something. On (c) ——— they did not embrace. Once she went to a theatre. There was a very romantic drama. To her utter surprise she observed that the people kept (d) ———, even when the most romantic scene was on the stage. The way in which the students addressed their teachers simply (e) ——— her. 7. Summarise five points about British behaviour in full sentences. 1x5=5

8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the 'flow-chart showing the etiquette of the British people. (No. 1 has been done for you.) 1x5=5 1. Keeping their emotion private

Part-B : Vocabulary 9. Fill in the gaps with a suitable words from the box. (make any grammatical change if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need. 1x10=10 find prevail both available neat take submit looking be collection caters look appeal A library serves as the best source of knowledge (a) ——— for the students and the teachers. It is a large (b) ——— of books. Among these there are books on courses that are taught in different classes. There (c) ——— books on extra-curricular subjects also In the library. Newspapers and periodicals are also (d) ——— .The library (e) ——— to the tastes of different people. Books are arranged in shelves (f) ———. There are library assistants who are also helpful for the readers. One head librarian (g) ——— after the library. So the readers do not have any problem in (h) ——— out the right book. There is also a reading room where silence (i) ———. One can also take books from the library for reading at home by (j) ——— library cards to the librarian. 10. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Who is to control the crimes of the country? The rich? The government? Who? It is everybody's responsibility. In a country where everybody is trying to defeat every other one to make unlimited wealth as quickly as possible. It is very difficult to curb the crimes. Almost all contribute to crime and disorder in one or the other (a) ———. World Bank and other International organisations have published (b) ——— on corruption and human rights violation in Bangladesh. They have also suggested how to (c) ——— the existing situation. But none of them is (d) ——— so far. It is alleged that most of the political parties are (e) ——— to gain their party interests. They have also divided the nation ideologically. National (f) ——— is a dream that might never come true. Sometimes some so called intellectuals write some articles in newspapers. But that brings no (g) ———. Abuse of (h) ——— by the public servants has led the nation to the 

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present situation. The representatives of the people are being mainly (i) ——— for it. But it is not the only truth. Let us all be united to bring an end to his deteriorating (j) —. Part-C : Guided writing 11.

Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write out the sentences in full. 2x6=12 A B C D (i) No progress do not have possible and planned life. (ii) Superstitions of education a healthy a prerequisite for any grow when people social development, (iii) Illiterate people is deprived of enlightened. (iv) Education helps live a sound the light of education. us knowledge (v) With the touch are with an of health and awareness which sanitation and is population control. (vi) It provides people become without education. them 12. Write the numbers of the following sentences in proper order so that they may form a continuous meaningful paragraph. 1x14=14 (a) Then he saw a spider trying hard to reach the ceiling of the cave. (b) But it did not give up hope. (c) The spider failed again and again to succeed. (d) Bruce saw the spider climbing to the ceiling after some unsuccessful attempts. (e) He gathered an army of strong men and attacked his enemies. (f) This dauntless spider inspired Bruce to shake off the darkness of the despair. (g) The enemies courted defeat and Robert Bruce regained his kingdom, (h) The king fought bravery but lost the battle. (i) Robert Bruce was a famous king. (j) He had to flee from his kingdom to save his life. (k) Enemies invaded his kingdom. (1) And he took shelter in a remote cave. (m) Once he was lying in the cave. (n) The king was always in a gloomy state for his unhappy condition. 13. Write a paragraph of about 100 words based on the following questions. Your answer to the questions should give as much details as possible. 1x14=14

(a) What is SIDR? (b) When and where did it attack? (c) How much damage did it cause to life and property? (d) What is your idea about the measures taken by the government? (e) What can the young students do in case of a natural disaster like SIDR? CHITTAGONG BOARD-2008 English 1st Paper Part A : Seen Comprehension (40 marks) Read the passage below and answer the questions 1—4. Bangladesh is a small country but has a huge population. Most people here live below the poverty line and cannot, therefore, afford to educate their children. Many poor children either drop out of school just after a few years or simply do not go to school 

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at all. Despite this situation, we have far too many students to educate compared to the number of institutions available. Bangladesh needs more schools, colleges and universities to provide for the increasing number of students. But owing to financial and resource constraints, the government cannot fund the requisite number of educational institution. At present every educational institution is over-crowded and class size is unusually large. As facilities in these institutions are poor, students do not get a standard education. Moreover, many educational institutions in Bangladesh are troubled with politics and violence. Sometimes, institutions are closed down to avoid clashes between rival groups of students. Such closures badly affect academic progress. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence : 1x5=5 (a) The population of Bangladesh is (small/scarce/ exceedingly large). (b) We have (more/insufficient/adequate) educational institutions. (c) By ‘class size’ we understand (number of students/class room/education materials). (d) Students do not get standard education owing to poor facilities/lack of attention/violence in the campus). (e) Most people cannot send their children to school because of (unawareness/want of school/poverty). 2. True/False? If false give the correct information:1x5=5 (a) Some people in Bangladesh live below the poverty line. (b) The government can fund the educational institutions. (c) Many educational institutions are troubled with devastating floods. (d) Educational institutions are closed down in order to avoid the risk of clashes. (e) We have more students than our educational institutions. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words in brackets. Add any preposition if necessary:1x5=5 (a) The number of educational institutions (be) —— not enough in Bangladesh. (b) Students are (relation) —— politics. (c) Financial supports are not (equal) ——— provided according to requisition. (d) Closures of educational institutions (hinder) —— academic progress. (e) The education (impart) ——— the students is often below-standard. 4. Make a list of five sentences about the problems of education in Bangladesh. 1x5=5 Read the passage below and answer the questions 5—8: Sports are a popular form of entertainment. Many international sporting events are organized from time to time. Most of these events are sponsored by multinational manufacturing companies and business firms. They pay for the sports events in exchange for the right to advertise their products during those events. These events are telecast worldwide by satellite and people all over the world watch them live. As a result, the sponsor's products receive maximum media coverage thus giving companies international recognition. This is only the commercial aspect of international sport but there are other aspects too. The sports venue becomes a meeting place of people from different countries. When people of different nations get together on the occasion of an international sporting event, they come closer to each other, sharing views, opinions and friendship. This opportunity creates a sense of brotherhood and a spirit of mutual co-operation among them. Moreover, getting acquainted with different cultures helps to break down prejudice and broaden outlook. If globalisation has anything to do with the development of international relationship, then sports can certainly contribute in a big way to this. 

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5. Write short answers to the following questions:1x5=5 (a) Who sponsors international sporting events? (b) How do the products receive maximum media coverage? (c) When do people of different nations come closer? (d) What is the commercial aspect of international sports? (e) What opportunity creates a sense of international brotherhood? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words :1x5=5 The last Olympic Games (a) —— in Greece became the most popular form of entertainment of the whole world. People all over the world watched those events (b) —— by satellite, International manufacturing companies (c) —— for the sports events in exchange advertising their products during those events. Those products (d) —— maximum media coverage. The sports venue becomes the (e) —— place of all countries of the world. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences. 1x5=5 8. On the basis of your reading of the passage, make a short note in each of the boxes of the flow-chart showing the positive effects of sports. (No. 1 has been done for you):1x5=5 1.Meeting place different countries

for

Part B - Vocabulary 9. Fill in the gaps with suitable word from the box (make any grammatical change, if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need. 1x10=10 with improve not mean maintain upon stop take easily than keep depend raise avoid Overeating (a) — taking too much food (b) ——— one needs. We eat (c) ––––– to overload our stomach but to (d) ––––– a sound health. A sound health (e) ——— on eating habit, to some extent. Overeating tells (f) ——— our health. By (g) ——— awareness of people the habit of overeating can be (h) ———. With a view to (i) — —— our body fit, we should (j) ———taking too much food. 10. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Natural disaster (a) ——— throughout the world in recent years. The main reason behind this is greenhouse effect or (b) ——— of the air (c) ——— the earth. Global warming is melting the (d) ——— ice of polar regions and of the peaks of (e) ——— mountains. Consequently the (f) ——— of sea water has alarmingly increased. Cyclones and tidal bores (g) ——— inundating and destroying the coastal regions to a large extent. Climatologists (h) ——— that in the last 185 years 99 cyclone hit the coastal (i) ——— and offshore islands of our country causing irrecoverable loss (j) ——— life and properties. 11.

Part C - Guided Writing Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write out the sentences in full. 2x6=12 A B C D 

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(a) The arsenic is know what is a white compound of problem of brittle elements. Bangladesh (b) In chemistry of arsenic to help to in the underground! arsenic water. (c) The element has become present in causing them trouble. large quantities (d) Victims do not even usually in recent years. suffer slow and (e) Suffering people have acute agonising deaths. assured us (f) The World Bank is detected referred to Solve this problem and the UNDP to be 12.

Re-write the jumbled sentences in proper order to make a compact and continuous paragraph. 1x14=14 (i) An English boy was making a small boat. (ii) "My country is on the other side of the sea." (iii) "I didn't see my mother for a good longtime." (iv) Napoleon, the King of France was a great hero. (v) The king was charmed by the words of the small boy. (vi) He won many battles and conquered many countries of Europe. (vii) Suddenly he noticed a wonderful thing. (viii) "Let me go to my country." (ix) One day he was walking' along the sea shore. (x) The king asked him why he was making such a small boat. (xi) The boy was brought before him. (xii) "I shall go to my country by this boat." (xiii) He made all arrangements to send him to his country. (xiv) The boy said, "I shall cross the sea." 13. Write a paragraph of about 100 words based on the following questions. Your answers to the questions should give as much detail as possible. 14 (a) Where is Bangladesh located? (b) When did she get her freedom? (c) Where is the capital of Bangladesh? (d) What are the different religions here? (e) What are some of the customs and traditions that people follow? (f) What are its main tourist spots? DHAKA BOARD-2007 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER PART-A SEEN COMPREHENSION Read the passage below and answer questions 1-4: Humans, animals and plants are all important elements of the natural environment. But humans are cruelly destroying plants and animals and thereby creating a danger for us all. The destruction of forests and other habitats is causing the extinction of 

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various plants and animals every day. These losses are particularly severe in the areas of tropical forest which cover only 7% of the surface of the globe, but which provide the living space for between 50% and 80% of all our wildlife. Many wild animals and birds such as pandas, bears, tigers, alligators, whales, wolves, eagles, falcons, kites and buzzards are faced with the threat of extinction today. Their decline has been accelerated by the destruction of their feeding and nestling places by the collection of eggs, and above all by the widespread use of chemicals and pesticides which enter their food chains leading to sterility and mass deaths. Hunting of birds and animals is another cause of their extinction. Men kill birds for food and feathers, hunt big cats to make fur coats and slaughter alligators and other reptiles for shoes and bags. In addition, whale-hunting has also drastically reduced the number of blue whales in the Atlantic Ocean. We know that all species are important for maintaining ecological balance. If one is lost, the whole natural environment changes. In order to protect the environment from being spoilt, we should therefore protect our wildlife. The good news is that many countries are now taking action to protect their endangered wildlife. George Haycock author of several books on wildlife writes: “Mankind must develop a concern for wild creatures and a determination that these wild species will not perish”. We should save the earth’s wild creatures to save ourselves. To be kind to animals is to be kind to mankind. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1×5=5 (a) Humans are destroying plants and animals which are good/useful/dangerous to us. (b) Hunting of birds and animals is one of the main causes of their Increase / extinction / sterility. (c) Most of the wild animals live in the tropical/subtropical/coastal forests. (d) Man and wildlife are co-related/harmful/antagonistic to each other. (e) We should protect/destroy/kill the earth’s wild creatures to save ourselves. 2. True/false? If false give the correct information. 1x5=5 (a) Destruction of plants and animals is necessary for human existence. (b) Ecosystem will face problem if wildlife is destroyed. (c) Losses of plants and forests are severe in the tropical region. (dl Sterility among the birds is caused by destruction of forests. (e) We should destroy wildlife to protect environment. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of words. Add any prepositions if necessary. 1×5=5 (a) (Destroy) forests have a very bad effect on the wild animals. (b) The sterility of animals is (cause) the large scale use of chemicals and pesticides. (c) Many wild animals (face) the threat of extinction. (d) Animals’ safety needs to be (ensure) our own safety. (e) It is the ecological (balance) that causes changes in the world’s climate. 4. Make five sentences from the following substitution table. 1x5=5 Birds and animals causes our wildlife. Hunting of birds and animals should a great loss to our protect environment. 

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The destruction of forests and animals Whale hunting To protect our environment we

provide spreads is increases has reduced

another cause of their extinction. benefits for humans. ecological balance. the number of blue whales. another cause of their extinction.

Read the passage below and answer questions 5-8. Gender discrimination in Bangladesh begins at birth. Most parents want to have children so that they can, when they are older, supplement their family income and/or help with the domestic work. In the existing socio-economic set-up, male children are best suited to this purpose. So, girls are born to an unwelcome world. However, they are assigned, rather confined to, domestic chores. Some of these girls may be at school. But all their work- domestic or academic stops as soon as they are married off, which is the prime concern of the parents about their daughters. This discriminatory treatment has some long-term negative effects on the body and mind of the girl children and women in a family. They are given to understand that they should keep the best food available for the male members in the family, that they should eat less than the male members; that they should not raise their voice when they speak, that they should not go out of their house without permission from and without being escorted by the male members. All these shape the girls’ thinking about life and the world and go to establish their relationships with the male members in the family. As a result * They suffer, more than their male counterparts, from malnutrition and anemia which make them vulnerable to various diseases, resulting in a high mortality rate. * They develop a sense of self-effacement, self-denial and inferiority that persists throughout their lifetime as an inevitable bench mark of the weaker sex. As a result, married off even at 9 or 10 to man of 40 or 50, a girl rarely has any say in decision making in the family, let alone in society. 5. Write short answers to the following questions. 1x5=5 (a) What is gender discrimination? (b) Why does gender discrimination prevail in our society? (c) Why do the parents prefer a male child? (d) How does a girl think about life and world? (e) What is most pitiable about being born as a woman? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1x5=5 Gender discrimination is more (a) -------- in our country than most other countries of the world. In our country most of the girls fall (b) -------- to gender discrimination as soon as they are born. Almost all the parents (c) -------- a male child to the female one. A girl’s academic life comes to an (d) -------- with her marriage. Because of discriminatory treatment throughout her life she suffers from inferiority (e) -------- which tells upon both her physical and mental health. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences. 1x5=5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow chart showing the position of a girl in the family. (No. 1 has been done for you). 1x5=5 1. A girl’s birth in a hostile world

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Part B - Vocabulary 9. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical change if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need. 1×10=10 recent trained fairly essential abacus computer device process about modern perform machine sense special The computer is a (a) ——— recent invention. It has now become an important part of (b) ——— life. It has greatly benefited us and brought (c) ——— revolutionary changes in our life. Any (d) ——— that helps people (e) ——— mathematical calculation may be called a computer. In this sense the (f) ——— is a simple computer. Today, however, the term (g) ——— refers to special kind of electronic (h) ——— that can perform mathematical calculations and (i) ——— large masses of information at a great speed. In a few minutes a computer can perform calculation that (j) ——— mathematicians would need years to complete. 10. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1×10=10 Television has become a (a) ——— source of entertainment of the present world. A wide (b) ——— of programmes is (c) ——— on numerous channels. Almost every family has a television (d) ——— today. Television (e) ——— are not only entertaining; they can be highly (f) ——— too. For example, television is now (g) — —— used for distance learning. Courses (h) ——— by the Open University are shown on BTV. Several channels like the Discovery Channel and the National Geographic Channel telecast highly informative and (i) ——— programmes. However, watching TV (j) ——— is not permissible. PART C - GUIDED WRITING Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. A B C D (i) Alfred Nobel get a gold medal with respect in different fields. (ii) Nobel prize who invented Nobel prize for himself and. dynamite peace Bangladesh. (iii) The winners has been awarded instituted all over the world. of Nobel prize (iv) The recipient is awarded a certificate and Nobel prize. of the prizes (v) Dr. Yunus has brought for outstanding a large sum of contributions money. (vi) Thus he are treated great honour for this year. 12. The following sentences are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1×14=14 (i) The master was very amused. (ii) One of the ducks was standing on one leg and had the other leg folded inside. (iii) The master looked at the cook. (iv) The master clapped his hands loudly. 11.

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(v) The cook told him that the duck had one leg only. (vi) The roast looked delicious and the cook ate one of the legs of the duck. (vii) The master was very annoyed. (viii) The master was not to be fooled. (ix) At that moment the cook looked out of the window. (x) He said there was no such thing as one legged duck. (xi) A cook once roasted a duck for his master. (xii) The cook replied that his master was right. (xiii) It put down its other leg and ran off. (xiv) The cook insisted that the duck had one leg only. 13. Write a paragraph of about 100 words based on the following questions. Your answers to the questions should give as much detail as possible. (a) Who is a beggar? (b) Why is begging regarded as a serious social problem? (c) What does begging create in the beggar? (d) What are the reasons behind this problem? (e) What are the effects of the beggar problem in our country? (f) Can you suggest any remedy for this problem?

COMILLA BOARD-2007 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER PART A: SEEN COMPREHENSION Read the passage below and answer Questions 1-4 Statistics show that about 350 million people speak English as a first language and another 300 million use it as a second language. It is the official or semi-official language in more than 60 countries and of many International organizations. The International Olympic Committee, for example, always holds meetings in English. English helps the international community and the business world to communicate across national borders. Today, more than 80% of all the information in the world’s computers is in English. So organizations frequently need employees who speak and write a standard form of English. In fact some companies provide English language training for their staff. It is therefore little wonder that job advertisements nowadays often ask for a ‘good working knowledge’ of English. Many believe now that English usually helps them to get good jobs and better salaries. 1. Choose the right word/expression to complete each sentence. 1x5=5 (a) First language means the important/main/natural language. (b) A second language is one that is taught and learnt regarding it as next in importance to the mother tongue/a foreign language/a dead language. (c) The number of people who use English as a second language is about 300/350/250 million. (d) International Olympic Committee always holds the meetings in French/English/Spanish. (e) English is used as official or semi-official Language in more than 60/50/70 countries. 2. True/false? If false, give the correct information. 1x5=5 

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(a) Nowadays more than eighty per cent of all the information in the world’s computers is In English. (b) Many nowadays get good Jobs because they know English. (c) Many International organizations often use different languages. (d) A good knowledge of English is necessary for a good Job. (e) No companies arrange training for their staff to make them able to use English well. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words in brackets. Add any preposition if necessary. 1x5=5 (a) Statistics show that English is (speak) as a first language by 350 million people. (b) The International Olympic Committee (use) English in Its meetings. (c) English (help) communication across national borders. (d) More than 80% of all the information in the world’s computers (be) in English. (e) Employers nowadays want applicants (have) a good working knowledge of English. 4. Make a list of five reasons why English is important. 1x5=5 Read the passage below and answer questions 5-8: Water a vital element of the environment, is also polluted in different ways. Man pollutes water by throwing waste into It. Farmers use chemical fertilizers and insecticides in their fields. When rain and floods wash away some of these chemicals, they get mixed with water in rivers, canals and ponds. Mills and factories also throw their poisonous chemicals and waste products into rivers and canals and thus pollute the water. Water vehicles also pollute rivers by dumping oil, food waste and human waste into them. Insanitary latrines and unsafe drains standing on river and canal banks are also responsible for further pollution. Thus, water is contaminated by various kinds of waste and filth. 5. Write short answers to the questions below. 1x5=5 (a) What is a vital element of the environment? (b) Where do farmers use chemical fertilizers and insecticides? (c) How mills and factories pollute water? (d) How do water vehicles contribute to water pollution? (e) Do you think insanitary latrines and unsafe drains are responsible for water pollution? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1×5=5 We can not (a) ------- without water. But polluted water is (b) ------- for us. Water pollution is one of the greatest (c) ------- of the modern world. If water pollution (d) ------- at the present rate, it will be difficult for man to find pure water to drink. We should (e) ------- necessary steps from now, otherwise our life will be at stake. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences. 1×5=5 8. Based on your reading of the passage. Make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow-chart showing the causes of water pollution. (no. 1 has been done for you.) 1×5=5 1. Throwing waste into water.

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Part B- Vocabulary 9. Fill in the gaps with suitable words from the box (make any grammatical changes, if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need. 1x10=10 drink eat available nutrition satisfy happen lack need heart balanced knowledge preserve mind for While (a) ------- food we should bear in (b) ------- that we don’t eat just to (c) ------hunger or to fill the belly. We eat to (d) ------- our health. For good health a man (e) ------ good food. Sometimes it so (f) ------- that people who live even in the midst of plenty do not eat the food they need for good health because they have no (g) ------of science and health and (h) -------. They do not know how to select a (i) ------- diet from the many foods that are (j) ------- to them. 10. Fill in the gaps with an appropriate words in each gap. 1x10=10 Sports are a (a) ------- form of entertainment. Many international sporting events are (b) ------- from time to time. Most of these events are (c) ------- by multinational manufacturing (d) ------- and business firms. They (e) ------- for the sports events in exchange for the right to (f) -------their products during those events. These events are (g) ------- worldwide by satellite and people all over the world watch them (h) -------. As a result, the sponsors’ products (i) ------- maximum media (j) ------- thus giving companies international recognition. Part-C (Guided Writing) 11. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write the sentences in full. 2×6=12 A B C D (i) Socrates brought sentenced round him. (ii) He began to a great against Socrates. philosopher (iii) The young men was gather to death. (iv) The rulers of wanted jealous of ancient Greece. Athens (v) They was to spread among the people. knowledge (vi) This great man grew two charges of his popularly. 12. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order in a continuous paragraph or write the number of the sentences serially. 1×14=14 (I) Then he saw a spider trying hard to reach the ceiling of the cave. (ii) But it did not give up hope. (iii) The spider failed again and again to succeed. (iv) Bruce saw the spider climbing to the ceiling after some unsuccessful attempts. (v) He gathered an army of strong men and attacked his enemies. (vi) This dauntless spider inspired Bruce to shake off the darkness of despair (vii) The enemies courted defeat and Robert Bruce regained his kingdom. 

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(viii) The king fought bravely but lost the battle. (ix) Robert Bruce was a famous king of Scotland (x) He had to flee from his kingdom to save his life. (xi) Enemies invaded his kingdom. (xii) He took shelter in a remote cave. (xiii) Once he was lying in the cave. (xiv) The king was always in a gloomy state for his unhappy condition. 13. Write a paragraph of about 100 words based on the following questions. Your answer to the questions should give as much detail as possible. 1×14=14 (a) What is load shedding? (b) When and why does it occur? (c) What are the effects of load shedding? (d) Who are the worst sufferers? (e) How can we minimize load shedding? RAJSHAHI BOARD-2007 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER Pan—A: Seen Comprehension Read the passage below and answer the questions 1-4. Feeding the ever growing population is a big challenge for Bangladesh in the coming decades. The major challenge for the country is to sustain the current level of agricultural production, the task is daunting, especially when the country loses about 80 thousand hectares of cultivable land annually due to excessive pressure on land for human settlement as well as the building of infrastructure such as roads and bridges. Moreover, river erosion and other non-agricultural uses contribute to the diminishing of agricultural land. Although the total number of farm holdings have increased by 18 percent, the cultivated area has declined with the average farm size decreasing for 2.26 acres in 1983-84 to 1.69 acres in 1996. Given that about 80% of the farms are small and highly fragmented, more imaginative and effective organizations of production are needed to sustain agricultural productivity and create more employment and Income for farming community. The newly emerging ‘contract farming’ taken up by a number of private agri-business firms is one approach for promoting food production, especially vegetables and fruit. One possibility to compensate for the loss of land Is to go for land reclamation in the Bay of Bengal for which of course the country needs massive external assistance. It is essential to improve agricultural production in general and food production in particular. For this, support from the public sector is necessary to generate and promote technologies and hence to strengthen production. Bio-technology research and development of hybrid crops and animal species need to be given which will probably involve partnerships with multinational private sector firms and institutions. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1x5=5 (a) Our playgrounds/agricultural lands/living places are being lost. (b) Use of land for growing food is non-agricultural/agricultural/infrastructural in nature. (c) Contract farming has emerged occasionally/presently/previously. (d) Most of our farms are shattered/united/disintegrated. (e) Public sector is essential to harden/encourage/consolidate production. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information. 1x5=5 

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(a) The only reason of our loss of cultivable land is the excessive pressure on land for human settlement. (b) We must take the help of biotechnology. (c) Development of hybrid crops needs to be given priority. (d) We have excessive pressure of population on land. (e) Public sector can play an important role in increasing food production. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words. Add preposition if necessary. 1x5=5 (a) (Sustain) current level of food production has become a major challenge for Bangladesh. (b) Bangladesh (lose) about 80 thousand hectares of cultivable land every year. (c) The (signify) fact is that the country is losing 80 thousand hectares of land annually. (d) The text deals (particular) the problem of agricultural production in the coming decade. (e) Public support is essential for the (promote) technologies. 4. Make a list of five sentences about shortage of land in Bangladesh. 1×5=5 Read the passage below and answer the questions 5-8. UNICEF stood originally for the United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund. But now it is the United Nations Children’s Fund which gives long term help to children of developing nations. It runs several welfare projects in Bangladesh. It has established numerous maternity and baby care centres around the country to ensure the health of babies and child-bearing mothers. It has organised training porgrammes to create rural health workers. Through awareness raising activities about health and nutrition, this organization has been able to reduce infant mortality rates in Bangladesh. Besides, in times of disasters like cyclones; floods and famine, it undertakes humanitarian work to help the affected people. To facilitate education, UNICEF distributes reading and writing materials among students, trains teachers and promotes primary education particularly among girls. It also assists a variety of rehabilitation programmes in Bangladesh. 5. Write short answers to the questions below. 1×5=5 (a) What does UNICEF at present stand for? (b) How does UNICEF facilitate education? (c) How does UNICEF help to reduce infant mortality in Bangladesh? (d) At what time does It undertake humanitarian work? (e) How does UNICEF help social development in Bangladesh? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1z55 The function of UNICEF has now (a) ------- a little. It now runs (b) ------- welfare projects In our country. Maternity and baby care centers (c) ------- by UNICEF promote the health of babies and mothers. It (d) ------- training programmes to create rural health workers. It also help the (e) ------- persons. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences. 1×5=5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow chart showing the activities of UNICEF. (No. I has been done for you.) 1×5=5 1.

Gives long-term help to children of developing country

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Part B -Vocabulary 9. Fill in each gap with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary).There are more words in the box than you need. 1x10=10 exceptional economic popular common colorful influence passenger useful outstanding up illustrated have The development of railway in the 19th century has (a) ------- a profound (b) ------- on social and (c) ------- development in many parts of the world. This process is (d) ------ in an (e) ------- fashion by the Darjeeling Himalayan Railway. It is the first and still the most (f) ------- model of a (g) ------- train that goes (h) ------- a mountain. It is (i) ------ known as toy train perhaps because of Its (j) ------- wagons and its slow speed. 10. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1×10=10 Modern life (a) ------- much on transport. We can very well (b) ------- how important transport Is when It is (c) ------- by natural calamities or during socio-political crises. In fact, transport has made it (d) ------- for us to reach places previously (e) ------- . It has (f) ------- helped the flourish of trade and commerce and to (g) ------- new knowledge and ideas. (h) ------ transport has (i) ------- friendship and understanding among nations and people (j) ------- the globe. Part C - Guided Writing 11. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write the sentences in full. 2×6=12 A B C D (i) Water do not get most of our crops (ii) But it feel water bumper corps (iii) Moderate is very essential for our agriculture (iv) Excessive helps The dire need of and a curse rainfall (v) Our farmers destroys produce water for irrigation (vi) They can be both a blessing in a proper way. 12. The following sentences are Jumbled. Re-write the sentences In the proper order and In a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1x14=14 (i) Sometimes it was difficult to satisfy him with answer. (ii) His father got angry for this kind of activity. (iii) People soon got tired when they talked to him. (iv) Because he always asked “Why, why, why”. (v) He was born In a village of Milan in the United States of America on the 11th of February 1847. (vi) The boy often undertook some risky adventures. (vii) He was Thomas Alva Edison. (viii) He was very inquisitive about things around him. (ix) But at the same time he was proud of the young boy. (xi But there was only one person who did never feel annoyed with the boy. 

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(xi) For example, once the boy set his father’s barn on fire only to see how it could burn. (xli) Do you know who this boy was? (xiii) And that person was his loving mother. (xiv) A young boy of six or seven became the subject of talk In a village. 13. Write a paragraph of about 100 words based on the following questions. Your answers to the questions should give as much detail as possible. 14 (a) Where do you live in? (b) Flow long have you been living there? (c) How is the environment of your locality? (d) What are the facilities that you can enjoy? (e) What are the special attractions of the place? JESSORE BOARD-2007 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER Part A - Seen Comprehension Read the passage below and answer questions 1-4: The last century Is over, but it will not be forgotten. Many events have taken place during these years that have embellished and enriched human life. There have been significant advances in scientific achievement and technological development including immense progress in medical science. Lately, a revolution in information technology has taken the world by storm. In ideological terms, the twentieth century has been marked by the Independence of many former European colonies in Asia, Africa and Latin America. The struggle for democracy in different parts of the world including Bangladesh has been momentous. It saw the division of Germany after the second World War, and its subsequent reunification In the eighties. The process of reunification evident here has also been echoed in other regions. The century also witness the rise of socialism, and the creation of super powers opposed in ideologies, however, the end of the cold war and the collapse of socialism have eased the major powers into a unipolar position. On the other hand, conflict has deepened. The world has experienced some of the worst events in history during this time. Misuse of atomic energy has wreaked destruction. Two World Wars have recorded the worst sufferings in human history - Hiroshima and Nagasaki bear testimony to this. Conflict and strife worldwide has increased. It has seen the Vietnam war, The Gulf war, the war in Lebanon, and in many parts of Africa causing widespread death and destruction, Terrorism too is sadly on the rise. Indeed several other things have also caused endless human misery. Poverty, Hunger malnutrition, uncontrolled population growth and high mortality rates have been common features in the poorer countries. Environmental pollution, global warming, contaminated drinking water and the aids epidemic are many of the major problems that - we have inherited from the decades that have gone by. And yet despite these dark aspects, the last century will remain memorable in terms of positive human achievement. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1×5=5 (a) The last century saw/ experienced/observed many memorable incidents. (b) Medical science has marched/ improved/ advanced a lot during the fast century. (c) Many European colonies emerged/ came out/ grew as a free nation. 

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(d) East Germany and West Germany were rebuilt/ reunited/ rejoined towards the last of 1980 (e) Socialist Soviet Russia broke/dissolved/ fell down in the 1990’s. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information. 1×5=5 (a) In the last century man enjoyed undisturbed peace. (b) In the eighties Germany turned hostile to each other. (c) Socialism rose and fell down in the last century. (d) There were struggles for socialism in countries of the world a few decades back. (e) In the last century There had been an echo of division everywhere. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words given in brackets. Add any preposition if necessary. 1×5=5 (a) The end of Cold War paved the way for the (create) of a unique superpower. (b) The second World War (divide) Germany into two parts. (c) Medical science developed (immense) in the last century. (d) Science has (achievement) tremendously. (e) The last century is also remarkable for (technology) development. 4. Make a list of five points on the achievements of the last century. 1x5=5 Read the passage below and answer questions 5-8: A society’s culture is made up of all of its ideas and ways of behaving. Language, music, ideas about what Is bad and good, ways of working and playing, and the tools and other objects made and used by people in the society — all these are part of a society’s culture, As studying a person’s repeated actions is a good way to find out about that person, studying the important patterns of an entire society is a way to learn about the culture of that group. Patterns of behaviour and action vary from individual to individual, class to class, society to society and country to country. These differences are referred to as cultural differences. What is an appropriate mode of behaviour in one culture might prove inappropriate or even rude in another culture. For example, when Latin Americans talk to each other, they stand about 18 to 12 inches apart, measured nose to nose. To stand further away from each other while talking seems unfriendly to them. In some Arab countries too, the proper and polite distance for a conversation is to be close enough to feel the other person’s breath. But in British or American society, getting so close during a conversation is considered inappropriate. 5. Write brief answers to the following questions. 1×5=5 (a) What do you understand by culture? (b) How can one learn well about the culture of a society? (c) How does culture differ? (d) What is Inappropriate In British society? (e) How do the British or the Americans differ from the Arabians In term of the culture of conversation? 1x5=5 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. The culture of a society (a) ------- the actions and behaviour of its people, ideas about good and bad may (b) ------- the varieties of cultures but tools and objects made and used by a community reflect its (c) -------. People of one class bears 

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their (d) ------- in their every day’s activities and a mode of behaviour in one society may be considered (e) ------- in another. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences. 1x5=5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes of the flow-chart showing the method of knowing the cultural traits of one group. (No. 1 has been done for you) 1x5=5 1.

Studying its ideas and ways of behaviour

Part B - Vocabulary 9. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box. (make any grammatical changes If necessary). There are more words in the box than you need. 1×10=10 think distress seem develop make ensure get mutual neighbour familiar communicate treat As the world’s communication system is (a) ------- day by day, the world seems to be (b) ------- smaller. For the development of communication system, now we can easily (c) ------- with the people of other countries within a moment. Now, the world (d) ------- to be a village and the countries seem to be families. If we develop our (e) ------- understanding and co-operation, we can (f) ------- our world a better place. We should never (g) ------others as enemies but as friends. As a friend we should (h) ------- immediate help to other countries in their (i) ------- and sorrows. We should take them to be our (j) ------. 10. Fill in the gaps with an appropriate word in each gap. 1×10=10 Money is power and can do much good and evil. It gives (a) ------- and delight. it (b) ------ do everything. A person without (c) ------- is a person to be pitied. Nobody pays (d) ------- respect to him. His friends do not (e) ------- him. He has to depend on the (f) ------- of others. In order to (g) ------- money he does a lot of jobs. It is a must (h) ------- our life. But it does not necessarily (i) ------- happiness. Happiness is absolutely a (j) ------- matter. Part-C: Guided writing 11,

Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write out the sentences In full. 2x6=12 A (i) Socrates

B received

(ii) He (iii) in fact Athens (iv) He

spent was born

C a good education the son the home

D by his unusual courage . to seek truth . of sculpture then .

distinguished in Athens

in Music, Oratory, 

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(v) Later the boy (vi) He

was

most of his time

Mathematics and Gymnastics . about 469 B.C .

was

himself in the of a sculptor. Army 12. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write them in the and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1×14=14 (I) He could not think where to keep the money. (ii) He did not find any safe place to keep the bag. (iii) He gradually realised that he had money, but no peace of mind. (iv) He dug a hole in his hut and kept the money there. (v) So, he could not devote himself to his work. (vi) He said to himself, “One thousand rupees is a lot of money”. (vii) Now a new thinking took hold of the farmer. (viii He said to him. ‘Look, my friend! I have brought one thousand rupees for you”. (ix) The farmer was surprised. (x) The rich man went to the farmer with one thousand rupees in a bag. (xi) He always thought that his money could be stolen any time. (xii) He took the bag of money from the rich man and thanked him. (xlii) This thought kept him awake and his sleep fled away at night. (xlv) “Keep this money and remove your distress”, proper order 13. Write a paragraph of about 100 words based on the following questions. Your answers to the questions should give as much detail as possible: 14 (a) What kind of family do you live in? (b) Extended or nuclear? (c) Why is nuclear family getting popularity now-a-days? (d) What are the advantages in a nuclear family? (e) What are the disadvantages of it? SYLHET BOARD-2007 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER PART A: SEEN COMPREHENSION Read the passage below and answer questions 1-4: Capitalism developed In the European countries as a result of their laissez-faire (hands off) policy. The idea of global trade which was inherent in capitalism has now become universalised. Taking advantage of globalisation, capitalism seems to be on a triumphant march, we see that globalisation is creating more opportunities for capitalist countries than for developing countries in the name of help and co operation the industrially developed capitalist countries are exploiting the poorer countries by using their cheap labour. The global strategy of development promises greater employment opportunities to the people of poor countries but at the same time it also promises high returns to capital. This actually paves the way for a lasting poverty so that the capitalists can continue to have a pool of cheap labour to draw from. The 

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exploited and impoverished workers of the developing countries are no match for a globalising powerful capitalism. As a result, the gap between wealth and poverty is ever widening. Globalisation has put the people of the world on the same vessel but in different cabins. Only a trifling minority are travelling in luxurious cabins furnished with all modern amenities. They have access to nutritious food, pure drinking water, sophisticated medicare and a life of luxury. But the overwhelming majorities is travelling in the third class decks and are suffering from hunger and disease. Globalisation can bring happiness to everyone only when all passengers of the ship can travel In the same class of cabins in conditions of solidarity equity and justice. But will the capitalists ever allow this to happen? 1. Choose the right word/phrase to complete each sentence. 1x5=5 (a) Globalisation ensures maximum benefit for the developing/developed/communist countries. (b) In the name of help and co-operation, the industrially developed countries are organizing/helping/exploiting the poorer countries. (c) The global strategy of development unfolds/lacks/shrinks bigger employment opportunities for the developing countries. (d) If poverty lasts longer, the capitalist will continue to draw a massive/limited/declining amount of cheap labour from poorer countries. (e) The gap between the rich and the poor is shrinking/receding/expanding. 2. True/false? If false give the correct information. 1x5=5 (a) Poor countries are getting benefit of greater job opportunities. (b) The capitalist countries draw high returns through the global state of development. (c) The gap between the developed and under-developed countries is removed by the process of globalisalion. (d) The world is becoming a place of luxurious living for all nations. (e) The developing countries are basically poor. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of words given in brackets. Add any prepositions If necessary. 1x5=5 (a) Capitalist countries come forward with a view to (exploit) --- the poor countries. (b) The poor are (suffer) -------- hunger and diseases. (c) The (develop) -------- countries are benefited in the world of globlalsatlon. (d) Labour in developing countries is (cheap) -------- than in the advanced ones. (e) Globalisation can help the poor nations when the conditions of solidarity, equity and justice are (maintain) --------. 4. Make a list of five demerits of globalisation. 1x5=5 Read the passage below and answer questions. A society’s culture is made up of all of Its ideas and ways of behaving. Language, music, Ideas about what is bad and good, ways of working and playing, and the tools and other objects made and used by people in the society — all these are part of a society’s culture. As studying a person’s repeated actions Is a good way to find out about that person, studying the important patterns of an entire society is a way to learn about the culture of that group. Patterns of behaviour and action vary from individual to individual, class to class, society to society and country to country. These differences are referred to as cultural differences. What is an appropriate mode of behaviour in one culture might prove inappropriate or even rude in another culture. 

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For example, when Latin Americans talk to each other, they stand about 18 to 12 inches apart, measured nose to nose. To stand further away from each other while talking seems unfriendly to them. In some Arab countries too, the proper and -polite distance for a conversation is to be close enough to feel the other person’s breath. But in British or American society, getting so close during a conversation is considered Inappropriate. 5. Write short answers to the following questions. 1x5=5 (a) What do you mean by culture? (b) What is the way to know about a group’s culture? (c) What are the cultural differences? (d) What is Latin American culture? (e) What is inappropriate in British society? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1x5=5 The culture of a society (a) -------- to all of its activities, ideas about good and bad may not be (b) -------- everywhere. Even the tools and objects made and used by a community reflect its (c) --------. People of one class are seen to behave and act differently from the (d) -------- of another class. A mode of behaviour in one society may be considered (e) -------- in another. 7. Summarise the passage in about five sentences. 1x5=5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow chart showing the ways of learning a society’s culture. (No. 1 has been done for you) 1x5=5 1.

Learning about a society’s culture

Part B - Vocabulary 9. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical change if necessary). There are more words in the box-than you need. 1×10=10 flood rise climate warmer alarm unnecessarily prediction change evidence destroy catastrophically gradual severely increase The world is getting (a) ------- because of pollution. Every year millions of people all over the world die (b) ------- as a result of pollution. In the recent years there have been (c) ------- reports that the world’s (d) ------- is undergoing a significant (e) -------. All these reports provide strong (f) ------- that world temperatures are (g) ------- day by day. Climatologists (h) ------- that mid way through the next century temperatures may have (i) ------- as much as 4°C. This could raise sea levels and thereby (j) ------coastal areas and farm lands. 10. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 A large number of people (a) ------- English all over the world. Some people use it as a (b) ------- language 

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and some people take It as a (c) ------- language. Many International (d) ------- now depend on English to (e) ------- with offices in different countries. Their advertisements published In different (f) ------- are always In (g) ------- They also want people who possess a good (h) ------- knowledge of English. People seeking employment (i) ------- expect to get good jobs without (j) ------- English. 11. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write out the sentences in full. 2×6=12 A (i) Alfred Nobel

B joined

C dynamite

(ii) He

had

(iii) His father Emanuel Nobel (iv) In 1850 he (v) Alfred

was

ammunition business an engineer

earned was born

D from dynamite business after some years. in Sweden

a lot of money company on 21 October and a chemist. 1833 (vi) He invented in his father’s at Leningrad. 12. The following sentences are jumbled. Rewrite the sentences in the proper order or write their numbers serially. 1×14=14 (i) He saw Fazlul Haq was reading his lessons and tearing off the pages of his book one after another. (ii) “So, I do not need them at all” said he. (iii) He thought his son would one day be a great man in the sub continent. (iv) “I am not playing. I have already gone through these pages”. (v) He was greatly charmed at the wonderful memory of his son. (vi) The great leader of our country whom we love and admire is Sher-E-Bangla A. K. Fazlul Huq. (vii) He at once entered the room and said ‘0 my boy, don’t play with your book”. (viii) From his boyhood, he was very meritorious boy. (ix) His father Kazi Wazed Ali was a renowned pleader in the Barisal Bar. (x) His father wanted to test him. (xi) He asked him to quote some lines from pages of the book. (xii) Fazlul Huq quoted the pieces from memory word for word. (xiii) His father was passing by. (xiv) One day the boy Fazlul Huq was reading in his study. 13. Write a paragraph of about 100 words based on the following questions. Your answers to the questions should give as much detail as possible. 14 (a) What do you mean by good health? (b) How can one keep good health? (c) Do all people of our country get necessary things for keeping good health? (d) How much are our people aware of health rules? (e) What is most important for a sound health? BARISAL BOARD-2007 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) ENGLISH FIRST PAPER 

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PART A: SEEN COMPREHENSION Read the passage below and answer questions 1-4: There have been significant changes in the types of entertainment over time. Many of these no longer exist. Even If they do, people keep looking for newer forms of entertainment. Thus, snake charming. puppet show, jatragan, jarigan, sharigan and kabigan which were common forms of entertainment in the past. have almost lost their appeal. Radio, which was used to be a good source of entertainment in the past, is now giving place to television and to satellite channels in particular. The entertainment business, like other spheres ol life, is getting westernized day by day. Folk music or palligeeti is now sung with Western Instruments. At the same time, modern music is now fusing melodies from folk and traditional songs. In general, band and pop music are becoming more and mote popular particularly among the young generation. Sport has become a great source of entertainment today. Football, which used to be the most popular spectator sport in Bangladesh, is gradually being replaced by cricket as a popular form of sports entertainment. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1×5=5 (a) Snake charming was rare/common/general form of entertainment in the past. (b) Some old forms of entertainment have lost their value/place/attraction. (c) The way of entertainment is being changed/influenced/altered by western music. (d) Western instruments are being used/useful/useless to sing our folk songs. (e) Football is gradually being popular/replaced/displaced by cricket. 2. True/false? If false give the correct information. 1×5=5 (a) Now television has been replaced by radio. (h) Western instruments have become a part of performing our folk and traditional songs. (c) Cricket now occupies an important position in the field of entertainment. (d) Now people like old forms of entertainment. (e) Young generation like folk music. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of words. Add any prepositions if necessary. 1×5=5 (a) In old days puppet show was liked (great) people. (b) Many old forms of entertainment have no (exist) at all. (c) People always (look) newer forms of entertainment. (d) Radio (be) the common source of entertainment in the past. (e) Now folk music is (sing) western instruments. 4. Make a list of five items of entertainment in modern times. 1×5=5 Read the passage below and answer questions 5-8. Bangladesh is a small country but has a huge population. Most people here live below the poverty line and cannot, therefore, afford to educate their children. Many poor children either drop out of school just after a few years or simply do not go to school at all. Despite this situation, we have far too many students to educate compared to the number of institutions available. Bangladesh needs more schools, colleges and 

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universities to provide for the increasing number of students. But owing to financial and resource constraints, the government cannot fund the requisite number of educational institution. At present every educational institution is over-crowded and class size is unusually small. As facilities in these institutions are poor, students do not get a standard education. Moreover, many educational Institutions in Bangladesh are troubled with politics and violence. Sometimes, institutions are closed down to avoid clashes between rival groups of students. Such closures badly affect academic progress. 5. Write short answers to the following questions. 1x5=5 (a) Why are our people unable to educate their children? (b) Why does Bangladesh need more educational institutions? (c) Why can’t the government finance the required number of educational institutions? (d) Why don’t students get a standard education? (e) What affect academic progress badly? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1×5=5 Most of the people of Bangladesh are unable to educate their children because of (a) ------ As a result, many poor children are (b) ------ of their right of education. The Govt. can’t establish the required number of educational institutions owing to (c) ------ problems. So, there is a (d) ------ of educational institutions in Bangladesh. Sometimes academic activities are hampered by the (e) ------ closures of educational Institutions. 7. Summarise the passage in about five sentences. 1x5=5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes In the flow chart showing the problems of education in Bangladesh. (No. I has been done for you). 1×5=5 1.

Poverty

Part B - Vocabulary 9. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical change if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need. 1x10=10 husband consider dominated happy protect education issue beat up law healthy save subservient Women in our society have always been considered (a) ------- to men. The majority of houses are being (b) ---- usually by (c) ------ and women most often have no say in opinion. Their opinion is (d) ---- unnecessary even in such important (e) ------ as the number of things they would like to have. In many households they are (f) ------ by the husbands. To (g) ----- their rights the Govt. has introduced law. But (h) ----sometimes cant (i) ----- them. So what is more needed for them is the proper (j) ------10. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 

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Bangladesh is a land of (a) ------- . But nowadays the rivers are (b) ------- up. So (c) ------ is an urgent necessity for our country now. The rivers carry (d) ------- which makes the land (e) ------- to grow crops. Besides, they supply us plenty of (f) -------. During the dry season we (g) ------- river water to the land. At present, the (h) ------of water causes bad harvest. We can easily (i) ------- the use and utility of the rivers in our life and (j) ------- . Part – C, Guided Writing 11. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write out the sentences in full. 2x6=12 A B C D (i) Water feel most of our crops. (ii) But it helps water bumper crops (iii) Moderate do not get very essential for water for rainfall irrigation. (iv) Excessive rain can be the dire need if in a proper way fall (v) Our farmers is produce and a curse (vi) They destroys both a blessing our agriculture 12. The following sentences are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and In a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1×14=14 (i) He is a rebel poet and our national poet. (ii) Very often he used to flee away from school. (iii) He lost his father in his childhood. (iv) He drew the attention of the public. (v) He was called Dukhu Mia for his sorrow. (vi) Nazrul Islam was born on the 20th May, 1899 in Burdwan. (vii) He was fond of adventures, music and jatra party. (viii) As a result his mother fell in great financial problem. (ix) He did not like the hard and fast rules of the school. (x) You will have heard the name of Kazi Nazrul Islam. (xi) He spent his early life in great hardship. (xii) One day this Oukhu Mia became a great poet. (xiii) He could sing, dance and compose verses even in his childhood. (xiv) As a boy Nazrul was restless and absentminded. 13. Write a paragraph of about 100 words based on the following questions.Your answers to the questions should give as much detail as possible. 1×11=14 (i) Why is English so important? (ii) Why should we learn it? (iii) What benefits do we get from learning English? (iv) What is the present position of English in Bangladesh? (v) What are your suggestions to improve it? CHITTAGONG BOARD-2007 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) ENGLISH FIRST PAPER 

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PART A: SEEN COMPREHENSION Read the passage below and answer the questions 1-4: Every year millions of people all over the world die unnecessary as a result of pollution. These unfortunate and avoidable deaths are brought about by four specific factors. Firstly, air pollution from factories, burning trash, and vehicle fumes cause pneumonia, bronchitis and other respiratory diseases. Then, water pollution from industrial discharge, the indiscriminate disposal of toxic chemicals, and the dumping of human wastes into rivers and canals cause poisoning and water-borne diseases such as cholera diarrhoea. The next factor, Is the noise pollution from vehicle horns and microphones that might cause aggression and damage of hearing. And finally, odour pollution from dumped or untreated human waste causes serious discomfort of our sense of smell, and attracts disease-bearing creatures such as rats and flies. We should take determined action to control these problems and clean up the environment to avert these unnecessary diseases. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1×5=5 (a)Millions of deaths are caused every year because of accident/pollution/diseases. (b) Cholera and diarrhoea are caused by water sound pollution. (c) If we are conscious, we can avoid/cure/remove many diseases. (d) Rats and flies are attracted/threatened/killed by odour. (e) Sound pollution seriously affects our heart/eyes/ears. 2. True/false? If false give the correct Information. 1x5.5 (a) Vehicle horns pollute the air. (a) Mills and factories throw poisonous chemicals. (c) Air is polluted mostly by smoke and fume. (d) Air pollution may damage our hearing. (e) The problems of environmental pollution cannot be controlled at all. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of words in brackets. Add any prepositions if necessary. 1×5=5 (a) He escaped the accident (fortunate) (b) Sound pollution (affect) our hearing. (c) We can (avoidable) unnecessary diseases. (d) Smoke is created when anything Is (burn) (e) Disease (lead) death. 4. Make a list of five things about the sources of pollution. 1x5=5 Read the passage below and answer questions 5-8. There have been significant changes in the types of entertainment over time. Many of these no longer exist. Even if they do, people keep looking for newer forms of entertainment. Thus, snake charming, puppet show, jatragan, jarigan, sharigan and kabigan which were common forms of entertainment in the past, have almost lost their appeal. Radio, which was used to be a good source of entertainment in the past, is now giving place to television and to satellite channels in particular. The entertainment business, like other spheres of life, is getting westernized day by day. Folk music or palligeeti is now sung with Western instruments. At the same time, modern music is now fusing melodies from folk and traditional songs. In general, band and pop music are becoming more and more popular particularly among the young generation. 

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Sport has become a great source of entertainment today. Football, which used to be the most popular spectator sport in Bangladesh, is gradually being replaced by cricket as a popular form of sports entertainment. 5. Write short answers to the following questions. 1×5=5 (a) Is there any change in the field of entertainment in our country? (b) What were the common forms of entertainment in the past? (c) What is the position of radio now? (d) Are the common forms of entertainment popular as before? (e) Which sport is gradually taking the place of football? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words: 1×5=5 Change is the (a) ------- of the day. Everything (b) ------- in course of time. What is new today will grow old tomorrow. In the same way we notice changes in the matter of (c) -------. At present our people find little (d) ------- in Jarigan, Sharigan and Kabigan. Our melodious and meaningful Bangla songs are yielding place (e) ------- the vociferous pop songs. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences. 1x5=5 8. On the basis of your reading of the passage, make short note in each of the boxes in the flow chart showing how changes are taking place In the sphere of entertainment. (No. 1 has been done for you). 1x5=5 1.Noticeable changes in the forms of entertainment

Part B - Vocabulary 9. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box. (make any grammatical change if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need. 1×10=10 established transmitted simultaneously store base time mode personal electronic communication easily improve sent actually E-mail means (a) ------ mail. It is an electronic (b) ------ of communication. E mail (c) ------ is user to user but telex communication is terminal to terminal. Telephone connection often takes a lot of time to be (d) ------ because both the caller and the called must be present (e) ------. But e-mail is a computer (f) ------ system and the messages that are (g) ------ via the computer become (h) ------ in the mail box of an individual's (i) ------ computer without the need of his being (j) ------ present. Thus email saves both time and money. 10. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1×10=10 No other word is so (a) ------ as the word ‘Mother’. It is (b) ------ up with our existence. Everyone starts his life first (c) ------ the word, ‘mother’. This word lasts to the child (d) ----- death. It is mother, who first becomes touched (e) ------ our happiness and sorrows. We know about the mother of Bayejid Bostami (f) ------ Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar. In every religion the position of mother is (g) ------ the highest place. Our great prophet Hazrat Mohammad (Sm.) (h) ------ that “Heaven is at the (i) ------ of mother”. So, when I think of my mother, my head (j) ------ down. Part C - Guided Writing 

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11. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write out the sentences in full. 2×6=12 A B C D (i) The role of is not possible for western countries dignity and woman in nation any nation to but also honour. building reach (ii) It was a time when any more in the has been changed. women were (iii) There cannot be denied its goal without family affairs. allowing the women folk (iv) They of civilisation the looked upon situation of the out look and without any world. (v) But with the is true not only for to serve the to play their active progress the role. (vi) This were the only attitude of the for the Islamic instrument world towards countries as well. women 12. Re-write the jumbled sentences in the proper order to make a compact and continuous paragraph. 1x14=14 (i) He did not like the hard and fast rule of schools. (ii) He was born at a village in Kishoregon in 1914. (iii) He was an artist. (iv) So he drew pictures secretly. (v) Do you know Joynul Abedin? (vi) His father Tamij Uddin was a Police Officer. (vii) He was awarded gold medal in All India Art Exhibition. (viii) His name and fame spread all over the world. (ix) In 1938, he became first in the Art College. (x) At the age of fifteen, he went to Kolkata. (xi) He breathed his last on May 28, 1976. (xii) At the age of nineteen he got himself admitted into Kolkata Government Art College.

(xiii) He drew a lot of pictures of famine during the Second World War in 1939. (xiv) He was in search of an art school there. 13. Write a paragraph of about 100 words based on the following questions. Your answers to the questions should give as much detail as possible. 14 (i) What do you mean by deforestation? (ii) What are the effects of deforestation? (iii) How can you save the country from it? (iv) What is your suggestion about it? DHAKA BOARD-2006 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER PART A: SEEN COMPREHENSION Read the passage below and answer Questions 1-4: 

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Ismail Hossain is an affluent man now. Through hard work and devotion, he has managed to turn the wheels of fortune. He was an unemployed youth of an impoverished family from Ekdala village in Natore Sadar thana. Through new knowledge, hard work and perseverance, he has brought prosperity to his family. Ismail Hossain, son of Zohar Ali studied up to class eight. Poverty then forced him to look for work. He worked as a labourer before he joined the training programme of the Natore Horticulture Centre (NHC) and has remained associated with it since then. The officer-in-charge of NHC said that Ismail seemed to be an enthusiastic and energetic youth during the selection of village under NHC's command area. Ismail first received training in vegetable cultivation. Then he got a lease of land in his village and applied his new and improved knowledge to cultivating vegetables. He earned taka 25,000 as profit that year. In the same way, he made a profit of taka one lakh by cultivating quality cauliflowers the next year. Later, he bought some land and used it entirely to cultivate cauliflowers. He has also been raising hi-breed cows for milk as well as manure. Ismall's lot has changed radically. He- said with a satisfactory smile, "I am very happy to be self-sufficient now. I had nothing of my own before, but now I have so much. It has been possible through my hard labour and systematic cultivation. The credit also goes to the NHC of course", he added. The officer- in -charge of NHC said, "I feel very proud of Ismail Hossain. He deserves national level recognition for his outstanding success." 1. Choose the word/expression to complete each sentence. 1x5=5 (a) Ismail has changed his lot through diligence/elegance/defiance. (b) Ismail's fate has changed slowly/drastically/presently. (c) The Officer-in-charge found Ismail lazy/strong/energetic. (d) Ismail came of a well-to-do/poverty-stricken/bankrupt family. (e) Ismail got disheartened /encouraged/terrified by the training programme. 2. True/false? If false, give the correct information. 1x5=5 (a) Ismail had enlightened his life by hard labour. (b) He made more profit by cultivating cauliflowers. (c) Training helped Ismail to improve his fate. (d) Before receiving training Ismail led a very happy life. (e) The Officer-in-charge made adverse comment about Ismail Hossain. 3. Select an appropriate word from the list and insert into each blank. There are more words than necessary. 1x5=5 poverty, NHC, came, spirit, knowledge, labourer, led Born in a poverty-stricken family Ismail Hossain (a) ————— a very hard life. His education stopped due to (b) ————— at an early age. Finding no other way he worked as a day (c) —————. The training programme offered by the (d) ——— —— opened a new horizon before him. He utilized his newly acquired (e) ———— — properly to improve his lot. 4. Make sentences from the following substitution table. Ismiail Hossain had always been Agriculture. His family failed Financially insolvent. 

1x5=5

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Ismail The NHC He

showed to continue his education. was him the way to prosperity. played In his life by hard work. praised an enthusiastic youth t prospered important role. Read the passage below and answer Questions 5-8: Electronic mail, popularly known as e-mail, is the communication of textual messages via electronic means. Although telex communication is also electronic in nature, there are differences between a. telex and e-mail. While telex communication is terminal to terminal, electronic mall communication is user-to-user via the computer, in telex massages destined to a number of users are sent to the same terminal from where it is distributed in a printed form by an operator. On the other hand, e-mail is delivered to individual electronic mail boxes based in computers. In order to operate an e-mail system, we need a personal computer, a modem and a telephone connection. An Important advantage of e-mail is its ability to reduce the consumption of paper in the office. Internal memos and reports can be exchanged electronically without using paper. Being a computer based messaging system; files prepared on computers can be instantly copied and easily exchanged as e-mail. This facility has the potential of improving office efficiency considerably. Being a person to person communication, e-mail turns out to be a cheaper alternative to telephone conversation and eliminates the lime spent in establishing phone calls. For a telephone conversation to materialize both the caller and the called must be present simultaneously. Some studies indicate that as much as 70 percent of the business phone call during business hours does not succeed in the first attempt due to unavailability of the party being called. E-mail permits communication between two parties without the parties actually being present simultaneously. Privacy is ensured as the mall is delivered to an Individual's mail box which can be accessed or opened only by (lit intended recipient. E-mail has brought about a revolution in modern communication. Messages can be transmitted from one country to another within seconds. It is far cheaper than telephone calls. Trade and commerce has become greatly dependent on this speedy mode of communication, it has, however, not reached every one, especially in developing countries like ours, as most people can not afford to have a personal computer. But even here people have started using commercially operated e-mail facilities for important purposes. 5. Give short answers to the following questions. 1x5=5 (a) What is an e-mail? (b) Differentiate between e-mail and telex. (c) What advantage can we get from e-mail? (d) How is e-mail a cheaper communication? (e) Why is not e-mail available in the developing countries like Bangladesh? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1x5=5 There can be (a) ——— exchange of Internal memos and reports without using paper. E-mail is a (b) ———based messaging system in which files prepared on computers can be instantly (c) ————— and easily exchanged as e-mail. In this system (d) — ———— is guaranteed since the mall is delivered to an (e) ————— mall box. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences. 1x5=5 

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8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow-chart showing the merits of e-mail. [No. 1 has been done for you.] 1x5=5 1. reduction of the consumption of papers

Part B - Vocabulary 9. Fill in the gaps with suitable words from the box (make any grammatical change if necessary). There are more words hi the box than you need. 1x10=10 shortage evil rapid starve illiterate acutely primitive method crops good food slow Of the fast increasing population most of them are poor and (a) ————. They do not realize the (b) ——— consequences of having so many children. They do not know that they are creating the existing food problem more serious and more (c) —— ——. There is always (d) ———— of food. Again the mouths to be fed are multiplying too (e) ———— for food production to keep pace with. The threats of famine and mass (f) ———— now loom larger than ever before because the population is increasing in geometrical progress. While the food production is increasing in arithmetical progress. The agriculture of our country is still (g) ——— —. They cannot apply scientific (h) ———— of cultivation in their lands. So the production of food (i) ———— is very low. Thus the increasing population adds to (j) ———— problem. 10. Fill in the blanks with appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 There have been (a) ——— changes in the types of entertainment over time. Many of these no longer exist. Even if they do, people keep looking for newer forms of (b) ———. Thus snake charming, puppet show, Jatragan. Jarigan, Sharigan and Kabigan which were common forms of entertainment in the past, have almost lost their (c) ——. Radio is now giving place to television and to (d) ——— channels in particular. The entertainment business, like other spheres of life, is getting (e) ——— day by day, Folk music or palligeeti is now sung with western (f) ———. At the same time, (g) ——— music is now fusing melodies from folk and traditional songs. In general, band and pop music are becoming more and more (h) ———— particularly among the (i) ——— generation. Sport has become a great source of entertainment (j) —— —. Part C - Guided Writing 11. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write out the sentences in full. 2x6=12 (i) Stephen received the greatest physicist in 1942. Hawkins (ii) He received in an educated family rewarding things. (iii) was born the prestigious Albert as Lucasian professor ofHe Einstein Mathematics. (iv) followed Cambridge University from Cambridge In 1979, he University at the age of 

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26. (v) At the age of thirty two he

is his PhD in Cosmology considered

Award for theoretical physics.

(vi)

joined

after Einstein, But his fate

with less

12. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Rewrite the sentences in proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 14 (i) He became very annoyed. (ii) Then he sent it to his friend with the words on it 'Carriage to be paid on delivery". (iii)He wanted to teach his friend a good lesson. (iv) The poet had to pay double postage. (v) He packed it up in a fine box. (vi) With a great hope in mind he opened the box. (vii) So he procured a heavy stone. (viii) Thus the poet taught his friend a good lesson. (ix) During his stay he received an unpaid letter from his friend. (x) His friend thought that the contents of the parcel were valuable. (xi) So he paid the heavy charge for carrying. (xii) The letter contained nothing but some words. (xiii) To his utter surprise he found nothing but an ordinary stone. (xiv) An English poet was staying in Italy for the benefit of his health. 13. Write a paragraph of about 150 words based on the following questions. Your answers should give as much detail as possible. 14 (a) What is social value? (b) How were the social values in the past? (c) How are they now? (d) What are the causes of the present social values? (e) What are the effects of social values in the present age? (f) How should social values be preserved? COMILLA BOARD-2006 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER PART A: SEEN COMPREHENSION Read the passage below and answer Questions 1-4: Education is the process by which our mind develops through formal learning at an institution like a school, college, or university. It is mental and intellectual training which provides opportunities of growth and helps to overcome obstacles to progress. Again, the purpose of education is to enlighten the individual and develop his/her capacity to the limit. It is also the business of education to train individuals to make the right choices to go ahead. It ennobles our mind and refines our sensibility. It also broadens our outlook and helps us become aware of our rights and responsibilities. 

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According to Newman, education "gives a man a clear conscious view of his own opinions and judgments, a truth in developing them, an eloquence in expressing them and a force in using them." Therefore, it is often compared to light which removes the darkness of ignorance and helps us distinguish between right and wrong. Ex-President Julius Nyerere of Tanzania way back in 1974 said at an international conference that the primary purpose of education was the liberation of man from the restrictions of habits and attitudes which limit his humanity. He further said education should promote humanity and universal brotherhood and that it could be used as a catalyst for a change for the better. How right he was! 1. Choose the right word/phrase to complete each sentence: 1x5 = 5 (a) The aim of education is to hinder/illuminate/utilise the individual. (b) Education widens/changes/limits our outlook. (c) Education should degrade/encourage/restrict humanity. (d) The statement of Julius Neyerere was satiric/humorous/appropriate. (e) An educated man can differentiate/enlighten/appreciate between right and wrong. 2. True/false? If false, give the correct information. 1x5 = 5 (a) Education makes a man conscious of his rights and responsibilities. (b) Educational institutions give us formal learning. (c) A good relationship and understanding is possible without education. (d) Education aims at our physical development. (e) Education defiles our sensibility. 3. Fill in the gaps with correct form of the words given in brackets. Add any preposition if necessary. 1x5=5 (a) Education (liberation) ——— humanity from various restrictions. (b) The (promote) ——— humanity should be the aim of education. (c) Education trains us (mental) ———. (d) The book adds little to our (enlighten) ———. (e) Our sensibility is (refine) ——— education. 4. Make a list of five aims of education. 1x5=5 Read the passage below and answer Questions 5-8: The village Somal, nestling away in the forest tracts of Mempi, had a population of less than three hundred. It was a remote village cut off from the rest of the world (the nearest bus stop was ten miles away); nevertheless the people of the village lived in a kind of perpetual enchantment. The enchanter was Nambi, the storyteller. He was a man of about sixty or seventy who could say! If any one asked Nambi what his age was, he referred to an ancient famine or an invasion or the building of a bridge and indicated how high he had stood from the ground at the time. He was illiterate in the sense that the written word was a mystery to him; but he could make up a story, in his head, at the rate of one a month; each story took nearly ten days to narrate. His home was the little temple at the very edge of the village. He spent most of the day in the shade of the banyan tree that spread out its branches in front of the temple. On the nights he had a story to tell; he lit a small lamp and placed it in a niche in the trunk of the banyan tree. Villagers as they returned home in the evening, saw this, went home and said to their wives, "Now, now, hurry up with the dinner, the story 

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teller is calling us." As the moon crept up behind the hillock, men, women, and children gathered under the banyan tree. The storyteller would open the story with a question. He asked, "A thousand years ago, a stone's throw in that direction, what do you think there was? It was not the weed-covered waste it is now. It was not the ashpit it is now. It was the capital of the king..." 5. Write short answer to the following questions. 1x5=5 (a) Who was Nambi? (b) How old was Nambi? (c) What was his dwelling place? (d) Where did he spend most of the day? (e) What was Nambi's method of telling a story? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1x5=5 Nestling away in the forest tracts of Mempi, the village Somal had no communication with the (a) —————world. The favourite pastime of the people of this village (b) ————— to listen to the stories of a great story teller named Nambi. He could (c) ————— up a new story every month. He would (d) ————— a small lamp before narrating his story. He could (e) ————— people with his stories. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences. 1x5=5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow chart showing various aspects of village Somal and Nambi. (No. 1 has been done for you). 1x5=5 Part - B : Vocabulary 9. Fill in the gaps with suitable words from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need. 1x10=10 shabby see ways get appear gorgeously enjoy think receive indifferent invite astonished regard rich Einstein was very simple in his (a) ———— of life. He was (b) ———— to his fame. Once the queen of Belgium (c) ———— him to Brussels. When he (d) ——— —— down from the train, he could not (e) ——— that there were actually many (f) ———— dressed officials to (g) ———— him at the station. The officials also expected somebody who would (h) ———— to be (i) ———— and aristocratic to them. They never imagined that this (j) ———— man would be Einstein. 10. Fill in the gaps with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Learning a language is (a) ———— riding a cycle. The most (b) ————thing (c) — ———any language is communication. You learn to (d) ———— effectively by using a language, by doing things with it and by experiencing it. You (e) ————— learn English in the same (f) ———— as one learns to ride a cycle. Do not (g) ———— if people laugh at you (h) ———— you make (i) ————. You can certainly learn (j) — —— mistake. Part - C: Guided writing 11. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write out the sentences in full. 2x6=12 A (i) Khan Jahan All is

C as one of the architectural 

of them.

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(ii) He (iii) The Shat Gambuj Mosque (iv) It (v) The Mosque (vi) The UNESCO

was used

the mosque

and a court of Khan Jahan Ali. has declared both as a prayer hall various problems. built found Bagerhat is regarded

beset with numerous mosques the most magnificent

as a world Heritage site. beauties of the country. in Bagerhat.

12. The sentences in the following are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order in a continuous paragraph or write the number of sentences serially. 1x14=14 (i) “Alas!” she cried, “Why should I always have to stay in the kitchen while my sisters dress in silk and satins”? (ii) She had to work very hard in the kitchen. (iii) Her mother was dead. (iv) Once upon a time there lived a maiden named Cinderella. (v) She had two elder sisters. (vi) That is why she was called Cinderella. (vii) Her sisters were unkind to Cinderella. (viii) The two sisters rode away in their fine silk dress. (ix) They made her stay among the pots and kettles and do all the hard work about the house. (x) One day the sisters came dancing into the house. (xi) Sometimes, to keep warm, she crept among the cinders. (xii) Poor Cinderella who had to stay behind looked at her old ragged clothes and burst into tears. (xiii) "We have been invited to the king's ball", they cried. (xiv)At length the day of the great ball came. 13. Write a paragraph of about 100 words based on the following questions. Your answers to the questions should give as much detail as possible. 14 (a) What is an international language? (b) Why is English called so? (c) Is there any necessity to learn this language? If so, why? (d) How does grammar help us learn a language? (e) Does your English 'Text Book" help you learn English? How? RAJSHAHI BOARD-2006 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER PART A: SEEN COMPREHENSION Read the passage below and answer Questions 1-4: The environment refers to the air, water and land in which people, animals, and plants live. So, human beings, animals, plants, air, water and soil are the main elements of the environment. The natural forces such as storms, cyclones and earthquakes are also a part of this environment. Climate is thus a condition of the environment.



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All things that make up the environment are interrelated. The way in which people, animals and plants are related to each other and to their surroundings is known as ecology. The ecosystem is a complex web that links animals, plants and every other life form in the biosphere. All these things hang together. The system is in a steady state of dynamic balance which means that by altering any one part of the web you can affect all the other parts. For example, the destruction of forests may have serious ecological consequences on humans and animals. It is the responsibility of human beings to prevent the environment from being spoilt. To make life healthy and comfortable we should keep the environment clean and danger-free. But often people spoil the environment by doing unwise things and, as a result, endanger their own lives. It is the ecological imbalance that causes changes in the world's climate and brings about different kinds of natural disasters. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1x5=5 (a) The environment is made up of many things which are independent/interdependent/unrelated. (b) The ecosystem is a very simple/complicated/effective system. (c) To lead/maintain/preserve a healthy and comfortable life, we should keep our environment clean and safe. (d) Storms, cyclones and earthquakes are some destructive/constructive/harmless natural forces in the environment. (e) We fail to maintain the balance of our environment because of our philanthropic/friendly/ inconsiderate activities. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information. 1x5=5 (a) The ecological balance brings about different kinds of natural calamities. (b) By changing any part of the web of the ecosystem, we can affect all other parts. (c) Cutting down trees has no effect on human beings and animals. (d) The ecosystem is a very simple chain. (e) Only man is not responsible for spoiling the environment. 3. Fill hi the gaps with the correct form of the words. Add preposition if necessary. 1x5=5 (a) Climate (depend) ———— the balance of the environment. (b) The climate of the world may be (affect) ———— by the ecological imbalance. (c) Ecological imbalance causes (climate) ———— changes in the world. (d) All things (made) ———— the environment are interlinked. (e) People risk their lives by (polluted) ———— the environment, 4. Make a list of five important reasons why we should preserve the ecological balance. 1x5=5 Read the passage below and answer Questions 5-8: British eating habits are very different now from thirty years ago. No longer are tastes confined to roast beef, mint sauce and Yorkshire pudding (which In fact is not a pudding at all). People travel more and are learning to enjoy food from many different countries. In most towns, there are Italian, Chinese and Indian restaurants but in big cities you can also eat Japanese, Thai, Korean and Malaysian food. These restaurants are often cheaper than European restaurants and many people find the food more 

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interesting. Indeed, supermarkets now offer a wide range of multi-cultural, ready-tocook foods to try at home. Take-away food is also very popular in Britain. Many people think that the idea of take-away meals comes from the USA, but in fact it comes from Britain, The original British take-away meal was fish and chips and there are still fish 'n chip shops in places, as well as joints that sell fast food like pizzas and hamburgers. In Britain most people use knives and forks for eating. In some countries, for example, China, Japan, Korea and Taiwan, people use chopsticks. In many other countries as in the Indian sub-continent, people use their fingers. 5. Write short answers to the questions below, 1x5=5 (a) What types of dishes were the British confined to in the past? (b) What do the British joints sell? (c) Why do the British go to foreign restaurants in Britain? (d) How have the British people learnt to enjoy different types of food? (e) What do the British and the Chinese use for eating? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1x5=5 Cultural exchange has a great effect on the tradition of a nation. Different aspects of customs change in a cross-cultural setting. The British culture is also overlapping with other cultures. They are losing and gaining in some patterns of behaviour and action. Their (a) ———— habits are changing as for example. Some people are turning to foreign restaurants and enjoying dishes. Not only are the dishes (b) ——— — but the foods are interesting too. Some people are now fond of (c) ———— meals like fish and chips and the others are keen on (d) ———— foods like pizzas and hamburgers. So, some day or other, the British may use Japanese (e) ———— for eating. 7. Summarise the passage regarding British food habits in five sentences. 1x5=5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow-chart showing the main causes of changing eating habits of the British. (No. 1 has been done for you). 1. Traveling by the British

Part- B: Vocabulary 9. Fill in each gap with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need. 1x10=10 indebt touch know age nurture future move mother nation understand grow educate Napoleon Bonaparte said, "Give me an educated (a) ———— and I will give you an educated (b) ————." From this saying we can (c) ———— the great role of mother in building up an educated nation. Because a child usually (d) ——— up in contact with its mother and from its childhood he/she develops his/her talent. If the mother is (e) ———, she will be able to teach her children. In another sense, her children naturally will learn from what she says and does. Because a child, up to a certain (f) ——— is always in (g) ——— of its mother. So he/she will follow 

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everything that is said and done by his/her mother. Besides, an educated mother (h) ——— how to bring up and (i) ——— her children well. So it is universally true that an educated nation is largely (j) ——— to its mother. 10. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 I do not think that it is (a) —-—— not to make any (b) —-—— while learning English. Because we (c) —-—— through trial and error. I think it is better to (d) —-—— English without paying much (e) —-—— on being correct. Because it is not important to (f) ——— always correct English. I do not (g) —-—— that a shy man can never (h) —-—— English. This is because a shy man can learn English by (i) —-—— English newspapers, (j) —-—— and various text books. Part C - Guided Writing 11. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write out the sentences in full. 2x6=12 A B C D (i) Many people hinders our industrial to minimize the machines stop. living in city areas production (ii) They waste our resources of using the wastage of our water resources. (iii) Load shedding

are not careful

natural gas

(iv) People are not (v) If this wastage continues

should be taken by leaving the taps running

whenever they by making

(vi) So preventive careful of tilising measures

will run out

use it for day to day purposes. very soon. and thus are wasting this resource. natural resources.

12. The following sentences are jumbled. Rewrite the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1x14=14 (i) One day the woman became more furious than ever. (ii) "I know that after thunder comes rain." (iii) Socrates Joined with them in their laughter. (iv) Suddenly she poured much water over him. (v) Socrates went outside. (vi) He quietly remarked, "I am expecting this." (vii) Socrates believed that an angry man was more of a beast than a human being. (viii) He sat on the door step of his residence looking out on the path-street. (ix) She began to insult the great scholar of Greece. (x) She went up to him with a bucket full of water. (xi) He had a wife who used to lose her temper on the slightest excuse. (xii) The passers-by in the street were much amused at the incident. (xiii) The wife found that her husband was not paying the least heed to her word. (xiv) She tried her utmost to irritate Socrates. 13. Write a paragraph of around 10O words based on the following questions. Your answers to the questions should give as much detail as possible. 14 

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(a) What do you know about the 21st February? (b) Why is the day important in our life? (c) What is the historical background of this day? (d) What has this day brought for us? (e) Who were the martyrs of this day? (f) What is the present status of this? (g) How is this day celebrated now? JESSOR BOARD-2006 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER PART A: SEEN COMPREHENSION Read the passage below and answer Questions 1-4: In Bangladesh, the retirement age for government employees is 57 years and for university teachers 65 years. In the United Nations the retirement age is 65 years. But this does not mean that after this age people suddenly become useless and unfit to work. These people are an asset to society with knowledge that only experience can bring and need to feel useful and want in society. In the developed countries, social security is provided by the government in the form of post retirement and old age benefits, so that these people get free medical facilities and can also be economically independent. In Bangladesh, government employees are granted a pension and there are a few facilities at the government hospitals for the old but these are hardly, enough. Besides, the majority of our female population do not belong to the working class. They are housewives and are not eligible for any pension or gratuity. According to the National Bureau of Statistics, about 6% of the population of Bangladesh are aged people which came to about 13. 3 million people in 2000. This includes male and female elderly people both from the villages and towns. These people have served their nation and their families through the years. In their old age, it is their right to expect service from us in return. Their physical health has started deteriorating and they need as much care and consideration as possible. The government still does not have any system to meet the health and economic needs of this large population. We ourselves however must ensure that the elderly among us are respected and cared for. After all, can we forget that we ourselves are going to grow old one day? 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1x5=5 (a) Old people are a (burden/resource/liability) to the society they belong to. (b) Facilities provided to the old by the government hospitals in Bangladesh are (adequate/inadequate/ sufficient) (c) The elderly among us should be given to understand that they are not (outdated/backdated/ unwanted). (d) The (experience/commitment/sincerity) of the retired persons can be of great use to us. (e) In our society, women are (entitled/supposed/compelled) to work indoors all their life. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information. 1x5=5 (a) In Bangladesh, government employees can carry on working until they reach the age of 65. (b) Retirement from job does not mean the end of an active life. (c) Old women are the most insecured members of our society. (d) The retirees have little protection and developed countries. (e) Most of the women in our society hardly do anything but household work. 

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3. Fill hi the gaps with the correct form of the words given in the brackets. Add any preposition if necessary. 1x5=5 (a) In Bangladesh, university teachers work (long) ———— government employees. (b) In 2000, the total number of elderly people in Bangladesh (be)- about 13.3 million. (c) The elderly among us must be (treat) ———— respect. (d) Every one of us (get) ————— old one day. (e) In developed countries the old (give) ————— free medical treatment. 4. Give five reasons why the elderly should be respected and cared for pointing out both the practical and moral aspects of our duties to them. 1x5=5 Read the following passage and answer questions 5-8: The most significant event for Bangladesh in the last century has been its birth as an independent nation. Prior to that, it experienced British colonial rule until 1947, followed by and oppressive existence as East Pakistan from 1947 to 1971. The life of our people has often been shaped by tragedy. Floods have devastated our land and tidal waves from the sea have swept away thousands of lives. Poverty has been an ever-present spectre. As a result, nearly seventy percent of the population suffer from various degrees of malnutrition. Rapid population growth has added to this problem. Although the growth rate has slowed down to some extent, the population has almost doubled since independence. On top of that, turbulent and unstable politics, along with the rise of terrorism and crime, is giving rise to social discontent. Despite these negative aspects, the last twenty five years will remain memorable for certain events. The 21st of February 1952 immediately comes to mind. Only recently, our language day has been declared the International Mother Tongue day by UNESCO. 16 December 1971 is another day our nation will cherish forever - the day when we became citizens of a free state following our victory over the occupation forces for Pakistan. In addition, in the field of literature, art and culture we have produced great poets, novelists, and artists. For instance, Bangladesh is proud of the great poet Kazi Nazrul Islam who raised his fiery voice against injustice and oppression. 5. Write brief answers to the following questions. 1x5=5 (a) When did we come under the oppressive Pakistani rule? (b) What did Nazrul speak against in his poems? (c) Why do our people suffer from malnutrition? (d) Why will the 16 December 1971 be cherished forever? (e) What are our achievements in the field of art and literature? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1x5=5 Bangladesh has been an independent country (a) ———— 1971. More than 30 years ago, we (b) ——— ourselves from the hands of the tyrannical Pakistani rulers through a bloody (c) ———— which took away three million lives. But the nation has yet to (d) ——— economic freedom. Natural distasters, political instability and terrorism have been the impediments to our (e) ———— for the last three decades. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences on our positive achievements. 1x5=5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in the boxes of the flowchart showing the problems Bangladesh is faced with. (No. 1 has been done for you). 1x5=5 

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1. Natural disasters

Part B - Vocabulary 9. Fill in the blanks with a suitable word from the box below. (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need. 1x10=10 eat kind food increase other source call come which use protein grow The Ocean has always been a good (a) ————— of food for man. But only one per cent of mankind's food (b) ————— from the sea and most of it is fish. Besides fish, we eat prawns, shrimps, lobsters and whales, (c) ————— are commonly (d) ————— fish but are scientifically classified otherwise. There are about 20 thousand (e) ————— of fish in the sea. We (f) ————— only a few kinds. We should try to eat some (g) ————— kinds too. In order to (h) ————— the sea's yield of fish, we can start fish farming in the sea. In China, sea weeds are now (i) — ———— for use both as food and as fertilizer. We too can take similar measures and make the best (j) ————— of our water resources. 10. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Traffic jam is one of the major problems of our time. It is a very (a) ————— affair in big cities and towns. Our population has (b) ————— very fast over the last fifty years or so. The (c) ————— of vehicles has also gone up. But our roads are not broad (d) ————— to accommodate so many buses, trucks and cars. Slow moving vehicles (e) ————— rickshaws and baby taxies have added complications to the problem. On top of that our drivers are not very willing to (f) ————— traffic rules. They often (g) ————— impatient and look to go (h) ————— of one another (i) ————— traffic signals. Sometimes they (j) ————— recklessly and meet horrible road accidents. Part-C: Guided writing 11. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write out the sentences in full. 2x6=12 A B C D (a) Humans, animals and have vanished Destroying our endangered plants species. (b) But humans are faced with from the earth extinction today. (c) Various plants and are all to save in the last few animals decades. (d) Many wild animals we did equally important plants and animals. and birds something elements (e) If we do not care

are cruelly

we cannot protect of our environment. our environment (f) It is high time for our wildlife the threat of from being spoilt. 12. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write them in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1x14=14 

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(i) He struggled hard and at last was able to come out of the trap minus his tail. (ii) As the foxes assembled for the meeting he shouted to them, "Dear friends I've made a great discovery". (iii)There lived a very clever fox in a jungle. (iv) "So I advise all of you to do away with your tails", he concluded. "You'll look far better without them, I'm sure. Look I've already cut off mine," he tried to convince the others. (v) The listeners were very confused and were trying to assess the situation. (vi) The fox was very sad as he thought he looked strange and foolish without his tail. (vii) "You didn't cut your tail", said he, pointing at the speaker, "May be you've lost it in some way or other, and now you want the others to lose their tails." (viii) "So, mends? What's the use of carrying such a heavy load of a tail all the time?" he asked. (ix) "After a long research I've found that we don't need our tails", said he. (x) He called a meeting of all the resident foxes of the jungle. (xi) He became envious of the other foxes who obviously looked more handsome, and make a plan to have their tails cut. (xii)But an old fox saw through the evil scheme of the fox without a tail. (xiii)One day while walking through the jungle he fell into a trap. (xiv)"They make you look ugly and dirty but they are of little use," added he. 13. Write a paragraph of about 100 words on the basis of your answers to the following questions. 14 (a) Can you remember the days when you were a child? (b) Where did you pass your childhood? (c) Do you remember your first school? How were the teachers like and your classmates? (d) What type of a child were you? Smart? Or shy? (e) What sweet memories of your early life do you have? (f) Do you have any bitter experiences? (g) How do you feel when you have recollections of your childhood days? CHITTAGONG BOARD-2006 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER PART A: SEEN COMPREHENSION Read the passage below and answer Questions 1-4: The most significant event for Bangladesh in the last century has been its birth as an Independent nation. Prior to that, it experienced British colonial rule until 1947, followed by and oppressive existence as East Pakistan from 1947 to 1971. The life or our people has often been shaped by tragedy. Floods have devastated our land and tidal waves from the sea have swept away thousands of lives. Poverty has been an ever-present spectre. As a result, nearly seventy percent of the population suffer from various degrees of malnutrition. Rapid population growth has added to this problem. Although the growth rate has slowed down to some extent, the population has almost doubled since independence. On the other hand, turbulent politics and instability, and the rise of terrorism and crime are adversely affecting society. 

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Despite these negative aspects, the last twenty five years will remain memorable for certain events. The 21st of February 1952 immediately comes to mind. Only recently, our language day has been declared the International Mother Tongue day by UNESCO. 16 December 1971 is another day our nation will cherish forever - the day when we became citizens of a free state following our victory over the occupation forces for Pakistan. In addition, in the field of literature, art and culture we have produced great poets, novelists, and artists. For instance, Bangladesh is proud of the great poet Kazi Nazrul Islam who raised his fiery voice against injustice and oppression. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1x5=5 (a) The achievement/realization/execution in the field of literature, art and culture is remarkable. (b) Bangladesh takes proud/pride/honour in the great poet Kazi Nazrul Islam. (c) The cause of malnutrition in Bangladesh is poverty/negligence/indifference of the government. d) Bangladesh was under Pakistani rule for 30/24/70 years. (e) Thousands of lives have been carried away by tidal bores/storm/flood. 2. True/false? If false, give the correct information. 1x5=5 (a) Our political, social conditions have positive influences on our society. (b) Tragedy plays a major role in the lives of Bangladeshi people, (c) Ignorance is the main reason of malnutrition of the vast majority of our population. (d) Our huge population helps to remove poverty. (e) Our Victory Day has got the recognition of UNESCO. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words in brackets. Add appropriate prepositions if necessary. 1x5=5 (a) Thousands of lives (sweep) ———— by tidal waves, (b) The (suffer) ————— people from malnutrition is a great problem. (c) Population grows very (rapid) ————— our country. (d) There often occurs (devastate) ————— floods in our country. (e) Recently UNESCO (declare) ————— our language day as the International Mother Language Day. 4. Make a list of five points about the significant things that took place in the 20th century. 1x5=5 Read the passage below and answer questions 5-8: Sports are a popular form of entertainment. Many international sporting events are organized from time to time. Most of these events are sponsored by multinational manufacturing companies and business firms. They pay for the sports events in exchange for the right to advertise their products during those events. These events are telecast worldwide by satellite and people all over the world watch them live. As a result, the sponsor's products receive maximum media coverage thus giving companies international recognition. This is only the commercial aspect of international sport but there are other aspects too. The sports venue becomes a meeting place of people from different countries. When people of different nations get together on the occasion of an international sporting event, they come closer to each other, sharing views, opinions and friendship. This opportunity creates a sense of brotherhood and a sprit of mutual co-operation among them. Moreover, getting 

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acquainted with different cultures helps to break down prejudice and broaden outlook. If globalisation has anything to do with the development of international relationship, then sports can certainly contribute in a big way to this. 5. Write short answers to the following questions. 1x5=5 (a) What do you understand by media coverage? (b) How are the events telecast? (c) Who sponsor global sports and why? (d) Do sports play any role for international relationship? (e) How are sports related to globalisation in the passage? 6. Fill in the blanks with suitable words. 1x5=5 People all over the world watch these events (a) ———— by satellite. As a result, the (b) ———— of the sponsors (c) ———— maximum media coverage and thus the companies become (d) ————recognized. Like globalization international sporting events also (e) ———— universal brotherhood. 7. Summarise in five sentences how sports develop international relationship. 5 8. Make a short note in each of the boxes in the flow-chart showing how multinational companies and business firms are benefited by using international sporting events. (No. 1 has been done for you). 1x5=5 1. Medium of broad casting

Part - B Vocabulary 9. Fill in each gap with a suitable word from, the box (make grammatical changes if necessary).There are more words in the box than you need. 1x10=10 safe cover know develop precaution time be recur belief possible loss direct compulsory reduce Bangladesh (a) ——— in the active earthquake zone. It is (b) ——— to all Bangladeshis. Experts are alarmed by the (c) ——— of quakes during recent years. But they give no (d) ——— answer to the question of (e) ———— about the buildings of Dhaka city. As there is every (f) ——— of earthquakes in Bangladesh, experts call for taking adequate (g) ——— measures to (h) ———— loses. RAJUK (i) ——— that an earthquake resistant building code should be (j) ———. 10. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 If we (a) ——— forests and cut (b) ———trees, the effects might eventually (c) — —— us all. If forests (d) ——— into deserts, what will (e) ——— carbon dioxide? Then the weather pattern (f) ——— change and the world will become (g) ———. This is (h) ——— the greenhouse effect. As a result of this effect the polar ice caps will (i) ——— and this will cause the flood of (j) ——— areas of the globe. Part C - Guided writing 11. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write out the sentences in full. 2x6=12 A B C D (i) Water feel most of our crops. (ii) But it helps Water bumper crops. 

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(iii) Moderate rainfall (iv) Excessive rainfall (v) Our farmers (vi) They

do not get

essential for

water for irrigation.

can be

the dire need of

in a proper way.

is destroys

Produce both a blessing

and a curse. our agriculture.

12. Re-write the jumbled sentences in the proper order to make a compact and continuous paragraph. 1x14=14 (i) Alexander, the King of Macedon, crossed the Khyber Pass and reached India. (ii) Then he came to the plain of the Punjab. (iii)Alexander was pleased with Purus for his bold reply. (iv) There ruled a king call Purus. (v) But unfortunately he was defeated in a battle. (vi) "Like a king" was the reply of Purus. (vii)He was brought before Alexander. (viii) He wanted to attack the land of Purus. (ix) He showed his boldness before Alexander. (x) He also made him King of another Province in the Punjab. (xi) Then he was taken prisoner. (xii) Purus came forward with his men arid arms to defend his land from the attack of Alexander. (xiii)He allowed him to rule his country as before. (xiv) Alexander asked him how he would like to be treated. 13. Write a paragraph of about 100 words based on the following questions. Your answers to the questions should give as much detail as possible. 14 (i) Where is Bangladesh located? (ii) When did she become independent? (iii) What is the language of the people? (iv) How many religions are there in Bangladesh? (v) What sort of climate does she have? (vi) What is the chief occupation of the people? BARISHAL BOARD-2006 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER PART A: SEEN COMPREHENSION Read the passage below and answer the questions 1 — 4: British eating habits are very different now from thirty years ago. No longer are tastes confined to roast beef, mint sauce and Yorkshire pudding (which in fact is not a pudding at all). People travel more and are learning to enjoy food from many different countries. In most towns, there are Italian. Chinese and Indian restaurants but in big cities you can also eat Japanese, Thai, Korean and Malaysian food. These restaurants are often cheaper than European restaurants and many people find the food more interesting. Indeed, supermarkets now offer a wide range of multi-cultural, ready-tocook foods to try at home. Take-away food is also very popular in Britain. Many people think that the idea of take-away meals comes from the USA, but In fact it comes from Britain. The original British take-away meal was fish and chips and there are still fish'n chip shops in places, as well as joints that sell fast food like pizzas and hamburgers. In Britain most 

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people use knives and forks for eating. In some countries, for example, China, Japan, Korea and Taiwan, people use chopsticks. In many other countries as in the Indian sub-continent, people use their fingers. 1. Choose the right word or expression to complete each sentence. 1 x5=5 (a) British tastes are no longer related/limited/attached to roast beef, mint sauce and Yorkshire pudding. (b) In Britain there are some non-British restaurants that sell native / indigenous / foreign dishes. (c) British food habits are now dissimilar/alien/ natural to the food habits which they had thirty years ago. (d) The people of Britain are very eager for/fond of/use to eating take-away food. (e) The foreign restaurants in England are less expensive/less popular/less frequented than the European restaurants. 2. True/False? If false give the correct information. 1x5=5 (a) The British people are maintaining the same eating habits as they had thirty years ago. (b) People learn to enjoy food from different countries, because they stay there for a long time. (c) Many people find food more interesting in non-European restaurants. (d) The idea of take-away food comes from England. (e) Pizzas and hamburgers are take-away food. 3. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the words. Add any proposition, if necessary. 1x5=5 (a) The British food habits now (differing) ——— from the food habits that they had in the past. (b) Take-away food has a great (popular) ——— in Britain. (c) (Travel) —-— more and more, people learn to enjoy food from different countries. (d) The idea of take-away food (come) ————— America is wrong. (e) Fingers are (use) ————— the people of the Indian subcontinent for eating food. 4. Make a list of five items of food that British people are in the habit of taking.

Read the passage below and answer questions 5-8 : The village Somal, nestling away in the forest tracts of Mempi, had a population of less than three hundred. It was a remote village cut off from the rest of the world (the nearest bus stop was ten miles away); nevertheless the people of the village lived in a kind of perpetual enchantment. The enchanter was Nambi, the storeyteller. He was a man of about sixty or seventy who could say! If any one asked Nambi what his age was, he referred to an ancient famine or an invasion or the building of a bridge and indicated how high he had stood from the ground at the time. He was illiterate in the sense that the written word was a mystery to him; but he could make up a story, in his head, at the rate of one a month; each story took nearly ten days to narrate. His home was the little temple at the very edge of the village. He spent most of the day in the shade of the banyan tree that spread out its branches in front of the temple. On the nights he had a story to tell; he lit a small lamp and placed it in a niche in the trunk of the banyan tree. Villagers as they returned home in the evening, saw this, went home and said to their wives, "Now, now, hurry up with the 

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dinner, the story teller is calling us." As the moon crept up behind the hillock, men, women, and children gathered under the banyan tree. 5. Write short answers to the following questions. 1x5=5 (a) How many people lived in the village Somal? (b) How far was the bus-stop from the village? (c) How old was the enchanter? (d) In what sense was the enchanter illiterate? (e) Where did he pass most of his days? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1x5=5 The village Somal had a very (a) ———— population. But its inhabitants were perpetually (b) ——— by a man, called Nambi. He provided recreation to them by (c) ——— stories. It (d) ———— him nearly ten days to narrate a story. On certain nights the villagers would (e) ———— under the Banyan tree to listen to his stories. 7. Summarise what you know about Nambi in five sentences. 5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow chart showing Nambi1 s ability to enchant his fellow villagers. (No. 1 has been done for you). 5 1. Nambi knew how to enchant the villagers

Part- B: Vocabulary 9. Fill in each gap with a suitable word from the box (make grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need. 1x10=10 mentally educated genius help development useful assist sympathetic wise improve provides self-reliant called equip Proper education (a) ——— a learner with opportunities to (b) ———— all his talents. Its aim is to (c) ——— him physically and (d) ———— so that he can be (e) ——— to himself and to the society. An educated man is (f) ———, but he also (g) ——— others in attaining self-reliance. He is supposed to be well-mannered, kind and (h) ————. So a man who has acquired knowledge and skill only for his material development cannot be (i) ——— a truly (j) ——— man. 10. Fill in each of the gaps with an appropriate word. 1xl0=10 From the moment we are born we cannot (a) ———— alone. We are always in (b) ——— of assistance of (c) ——— others around us. We need clothes, which others (d) ———; houses, which others (e) ——— and food, which others (f) ———. We have to earn our livelihood by (g) ——— for others, while they get their livelihood by working for us. As children, we need our parents to be our comforters, and to take (h) ———— of us in body and (i) ———. As we grow up we need the care of others; we cannot exist a day (j) ——— our fellowmen. Part C - Guided writing 11. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write out the sentences in full. 2x6=12 A B C D 

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(a) Environment must be taken in various ways by smoke of factories and pollution vehicles. (b) In jour cities air has become to control is polluted by garbage. (c) Even the ground is constantly one of the greatest alarming pollution. we problems (d) Water walk on in the face of in our country. (e) But we is also polluted being polluted in his modern age. (f) Measures should not both in urban and such an alarming remain idle rural areas problem. 12. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Rewrite the sentences in the proper order in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1x14=14 (i) The perseverance and tenacity of the spider inspired Bruce very much. (ii) One day he sat in a lonely hall, brooding over his sad lot. (iii)This happened six times, (iv) Swearing to do or die, he fought the English for the seventh time. (v) But the spider did not give up the struggle. (vi) Tliis time he was successful in driving the English from his kingdom. (vii) He was also an ardent patriot and a gallant soldier. (viii) Suddenly a spider caught his view. (ix) But he once lost his kingdom to England in a battle with the British forces. (x) It was trying to reach the ceiling. (xi) He fought with the English for his country for a long time, but he failed. (xii) But each time it tried, it dropped again. (xiii) Robert Bruce was the king of Scotland. (xiv)It tried again and again and at last reached its goal.

13. Write a paragraph of about 100 words based on the following questions. Your answers to the questions should give as much detail as possible. 1x14=14

(a) What do you understand by satellite TV channels? (b) Do you think them to be beneficial? (c) Do you think that some channels cause cultural decay and moral degeneration? (d) How can our national culture be fostered and enriched? (e) Can you make any suggestions regarding the positive use of the satellite TV channels?

SYLHET BOARD-2006 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER PART A: SEEN COMPREHENSION Read the passage below and answer Questions 1-4: Humans, animals and plants are all important elements of the natural environment. But humans are cruelly destroying plants and animals and thereby creating a danger for us all. The destruction of forests and other habitats is causing the extinction of various plants and animals every day. These losses are particularly severe in the areas 

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of tropical forest which cover only 7% of the surface of the globe, but which provide the living space for between 50% and 80% of all our wildlife. Many wild animals and birds such as pandas, bears, tigers, alligators, whales, wolves, eagles, falcons, kites and buzzards are faced with the threat of extinction today. Their decline has been accelerated by the destruction of their feeding and nesting places, by the collection of eggs, and above all by the widespread use of chemicals and pesticides which enter their food chains leading to sterility and mass deaths. Hunting of birds and animals is another cause of their extinction. Men kill birds for food and feathers, hunt big cats to make fur coats and slaughter alligators and other reptiles for shoes and bags. In addition, whale-hunting has also drastically reduced the number of blue whales in the Atlantic Ocean. We know that all species are important for maintaining ecological balance. If one is lost, the whole natural environment changes. In order to protect the environment from being spoilt, we should therefore protect our wildlife. The good news is that many countries are now taking action to protect their endangered wildlife. George Haycock, author of several books on wildlife, writes: "Mankind must develop a concern for wild creatures and a determination that these wild species will not perish". We should save the earth's wild creatures to save ourselves. To be kind to animals is to be kind to mankind. 1. Choose the right words to complete each sentence. 1x5=5 (a) People are endangering their lives by protecting/destroying/saving plants and animals, (b) Most of the wild animals of the world live in the tropical/sub-tropical/coastal forests. (c) Hunting is one of the causes of the decrease/increase/extinction of birds and animals. (d) The sterility of animals is caused by collecting their eggs/using chemicals/destroying their feeding places. (e) Blue whales are found in polar regions/sub-tropics/the Atlantic Ocean. 2. True/false? If false, give the correct information. 1x5=5 (a) Destruction of plants and animals has no adverse impact on human beings. (b) Wildlife is free from danger. (c) Many wild animals and birds are faced with the threat of extinction. (d) Wild animals should be saved for the safety of human beings. (e) Not all species are important for maintaining ecological balance. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words in brackets. Add any preposition if necessary. 1x5=5 (a) (Destroy) ——— forests and animals is creating a danger for mankind. (b) Many wild animals and birds have been (endanger) ——— by the threat of extinction. (c) Blue whales are (diminish) ———— from the ocean. (d) The loss of any species (change) ————— the whole natural environment. (e) The government should ban (hunt) ———— wild animals. 4. Make a list of five actions that are exactly responsible for the decrease of birds and animals in the world. 1x5=5 Read the passage below and answer questions 5-8 : As his reputation as a scientist soared higher and higher fate followed with less rewarding things. Stephen gradually started losing control over the muscles of his 

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body as he gradually became a victim of Gehrig's disease. Since the age of thirty he is confined to the wheelchair with no power to control his body except for some limited movement of his head and hands only. He can speak only through a computer with a voice synthesizer that converts his messages into sounds. But such a tremendous physical handicap has not managed to dishearten or slow him down. Stephen is still a relentless worker, using his computer to carry out research work as well as deliver lectures. He lives with his wife and three daughters and is provided with twenty four hour nursing facilities by an American organisation for his physical well being. 5. Write short answers to the following questions. 1x5=5 (a) How is fate to Stephen Hawking? (b) Why has Stephen been confined to a wheel chair? (c) How does he carry out his work? (d) Who does he live with? (e) What is the result of physical handicap on Stephen Hawking? 6. Fill in each gap with a suitable word. 1x5=5 Stephen Hawking is a great scientist of modern times. He has (a) ———— much reputation. But it is a matter of great shock that at the age of thirty, he was (b) ——— — with Gehrig's disease. Then he gradually (c) ———— control over the muscles of his body. But his physical handicap could not (d) ———— him at all. Stephen still (e) ———— his research work by using a computer, 7. Summarise the passage in about five sentences. 1x5=5 8. Based on your reading of the passage make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow-chart showing the remarkable happenings of Stephen's life. (No. 1 has been done for you). 1x5=5 1. Stephen’s sky high reputation

Part - B: Vocabulary 9. Fill in each of the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical change, if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need. 1x10 = 10 drink eat available nutrition satisfy happen need heart balanced knowledge preserve mind While (a) ——— food we should bear in (b) ——— that we don't eat just to (c) —— —— hunger or to fill the belly. We eat to (d) ——— our health. For good health a man (e) ——— good food. Sometimes it so (f) ———— that people who live even in the midst of plenty do not eat the food they need for good health. Because they have no (g) ———— of science and health and (h) ————. They do not know how to select a (i) ———— diet from the many foods that are (j) ———— to them. 10. Fill in the gaps with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Air and water are two of the important (a) ——— of the environment. These elements are often (b) ———— in various ways. Air is polluted by (c) ———— and water is polluted by different kinds of (d) ———— and filth. If we want to live a (e) ———— life, we should (f) ———— the pollution of the environment. Total 

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prevention may be (g) ————, but we can certainly (h) ———— pollution by raising (i) ———— among the people. All should come (j) ———— in this regard.

Part-C: Guided Writing 11. Match the phrases in the substitution table to make six sensible sentences. Write out the sentences in full. 2x6=12 A B C D (i) All of you raised the greatest man and fearful. (ii) He have heard to conquer to a high position. (iii) His good work and remained the name of in the country. courage (iv) His mission became Him Napoleon. (v)He was the French armv the neighbouring countries. (vi) France under him entered very powerful as an ordinary soldier. 12. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1x14=14 (i) Ayesha Begum and her husband had nothing to support themselves. (ii) Her husband was a landless farmer, (iii)He used to work on other people's land. (iv) Finally, Ayesha Begum began to beg from door to door. (v) They started to work with their father in their village, (vi) Their sons grew up. (vii)In the town they began to earn well, (viii) At first they used to send money to their parents. (ix) But after getting married they could not send money to them. (x) Ayesha Begum had three sons and two daughters. (xi) So they had to pass their days through much hardship. (xii) They became very weak and feeble for want of food. (xiii)She did so to manage food for herself and her husband. (xiv) One day they came to the town to earn more money. 13. Write a paragraph of about 100 words based on the following questions. Your answers to the questions should give as much detail as possible. 14 (i) What was your childhood like? (ii) Where did you spend your childhood and how? (iii) Who loved you dearly in your childhood? (iv) How did your playmates behave with you? (v) When and where did you start your early education? (vi) What do you feel when you remember the memories of your childhood?

DHAKA BOARD-2005 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER 

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PART A: SEEN COMPREHENSION Read the passage below and answer the questions 1—4 One very conspicuous change in our society is the presence of working women outside the home. Of course, it has to be acknowledged that women have always worked within the household but this commonly is not counted as 'work'. It is unfortunate that women's roles in agricultural societies (as in our villages, particularly during harvest time) have not been recognised either. Whether it is due to economic necessity or the urge to establish an individual identity or both, nowadays many women are entering the outside workforce. They are joining a wide range of professions. Moreover, it is not only educated women who are opting to work but women with little or no education have come out of their cocoons to earn and become self-reliant. This does not mean that life is any easier for women now. In many ways it is more difficult, since women must still fulfill their traditional roles of wife, mother and Horne maker. At work, as they compete with men, they have to prove their worth twice over in order to survive. 1. Choose the right word /expression to complete each sentence. 1x5=5 (a) The position of women in Bangladesh is upgrading/declining/deteriorating. (b) Women are now working in a visible/variety of/various professions. (c) The presence of working women outside the home is on the alert/increase/ decrease. (d) Women have to compete with men to prove their superiority/humility/ability. (e) Women, in general, were supposed to do outdoor/household/official activities. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information. 1x5=5 (a) Only women having education are opting to work outside the home. (b) Women are no longer cocooned from the outside world. (c) Women are practically capable of doing any sort of work. (d) Women should continue their traditional roles in the family. (e) Women have to assert themselves for equal rights. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words given in brackets. Add any prepositions if necessary. 1x5=5 (a) The traditional (believe) —— common people regarding women's working ability is obviously wrong. (b) Women are entering the workforce for the (attain) — their economic solvency. (c) Most of the women in our society have no self (confident) —— themselves. (d) Women have to excel themselves by (compete) —— men. (e) Women's (depend) —— men sounds foolish in the present context of the world. 4.

Make a list of five activities generally done by women in the household. 1x5=5

Read the passage below and answer questions 5— 8: Education is one of the basic needs of a human being and is essential for any kind of development. The poor socio-economic condition of Bangladesh can be largely attributed to most people's inaccessibility to education. Many illiterate people do not have any knowledge of health, sanitation and population control. If they were educated, they could live a healthy and planned life. Education teaches us how to earn well and how to spend well. It enables us to make the right choices in life and to perform our duties properly. It enhances our ability to raise crops, store food, protect the environment and carry out our social responsibilities. It is only education which 

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can help us to adopt a rational attitude. It provides us with an enlightened awareness about things and this awareness is the prerequisite for social development. 5. Write short answers to the following questions. 1x5=5 (a) What is the cause of mass illiteracy in Bangladesh? (b) What are not the illiterate people aware of? (c) What does education aim at? (d) How is poverty an effect of illiteracy? (e) How can education ensure a better life for all? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1x5=5 Education is (a) —— as one of the basic needs of a human being. Without (b) —— education man cannot exactly decide what he has to do for a better life (c) —— from the curse of poverty, malnutrition and diseases. In fact, education (d) —— darkness and creates (e) — in him with regard to his personal needs and duties to the society as well. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences. 1x5=5

8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow chart showing the function of education. No. 1 has been done for you. 1x5= 5 1. Education develops human mind

Part B: Vocabulary 9. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical change if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need. 1x10=10 source manpower explore provide concern employment independence recreation necessary different across dense solution unemployment Bangladesh is a (a) ——— populated country, but a large number of her people are (b) ———. It is not possible for her to ensure (c) ——— to the teeming millions. Self-employment is a possible (d) ———to this problem. It means that people themselves should (e) –––––– avenues for self-employment. Facilities for training in (f) ——— trades and vocations are available (g) ——— the country. The youths, in particular, can train themselves in any of these trades and turn into a useful (h) —— —. The Govt. also (i) ——— easy loans and counselling with a view to helping them start an (j) ——— earning activity. 10. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1xl0=l0 Modern life (a) ——— much on transport. We can very well (b) ——— how important transport is when it is (c) ——— by natural calamities or during sociopolitical crises. In fact, transport has made it (d) ——— for us to reach places previously (e) ———. It has (f) ——— helped the flourish of trade and commerce and to (g) ——— new knowledge and ideas. (h) ———, transport has (i) ——— friendship and understanding among the nations and people (j) ——— the globe. Part C: Guided Writing 11. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write out the sentences in full. 2x6=12 A B C D (i) World's climate might one of the major day by day cause causes 

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(ii) Destruction of forests

are a significant change increasing

of global warming

(iii) World temperatures (iv) Greenhouse effect (v) Global warming (vi) Such an imbalance

is under going is also

the likely causes

in recent years

to a great extent

in the days ahead

is is

greater natural disaster around the earth caused by increased of this natural amount disaster of carbon dioxide

12. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Rewrite the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1x14=14 (i) The king was fond of knowing his future from the astrologer. (ii) The king called him to the palace. (iii)At this the king got furious and condemned him to death. (iv) A good astrologer visited the capital of the king. (v) Once there was a king. (vi) With ready wit he said, "The stars declare that I'll die only a week before your death!" (vii) But another thought crossed his mind before the astrologer was removed for execution. (viii) The king then asked, "How long would you live?" (ix) The astrologer told something very unpleasant. (x) He then thought for a while for some way of escape. (xi) He thought that the king would prove him a liar putting him to death. (xii) At this the king turned pale. (xiii) "Drive this wretch away and let him not come again," shouted the king. (xiv) I shall wait to receive your majesty where you have been sending me. 13. Write a paragraph of about 100 words based on the following questions. Your answers to the questions should give as much detail as possible. 14 What is load-shedding? When and why does it occur? How does it affect the students? What is its effect on the industrial sector? How can we minimize load shedding? What should the govt. do to stop load -shedding?

COMILLA BOARD-2005 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER PART A: SEEN COMPREHENSION Read the passage below and answer the questions 1 — 4: 

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'Communicative competence' refers to the ability to use language appropriately in different circumstances. There are two ways of developing communicative competence in a language. The first is acquisition which is similar to the way people develop ability in their mother tongue. It is a natural, subconscious process in which users are not usually aware of acquiring a language. They are aware only of the fact that they are using the language to communicate. In non-technical terms, acquisition is 'picking up' a language spontaneously. It may also be called 'implicit' learning. On the other hand, the second way of developing communicative competence in a language is learning that language. It refers to conscious knowledge of a language, knowing the rules of language use, being aware of using them, and being able to talk about them. In non-technical terms, learning is to know consciously about a language. It may be described as 'explicit' learning. Language specialists believe that acquiring a language is more successful and longer lasting than learning. Therefore, teachers these days encourage learners of a second language to practise and experience the language in different situations where they are involved in communicating with others. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1x5 = 5 (a) Communicative competence can be gained/earned/developed in two ways. (b) People acquire a mother tongue consciously/unconsciously/subconsciously. (c) Acquisition signifies implicit/explicit/exact learning. (d) Knowing a language by rules lasts longer/shorter/more momentarily than acquiring a language. (e) Teachers suggest that learners should learn language by practising and communicating with others/writing letters/ watching TV. 2. True/false? If false, give the correct answer. 1x5 = 5 (a) People develop competence in their mother tongue through a deliberated process. (b) We are acquiring English. (c) Communication through learning language by rules is a long process. (d) People learn a second language subconsciously. (e) Learning a language is more effective than acquiring it. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words in brackets. Add any prepositions if necessary. 1x5 = 5 (a) To be (competence) — a language one has to use it in different situations. (b) There is an element of (spontaneous) — the acquisition of a language. (c) Acquiring a language (believe) — to be more lasting than learning it. (d) By being (consciously) — a language one can develop his 'explicit learning. (e) Communicative competence can be (develop) — in two ways. 4. Write five points about the ways of developing communicative competence in a language. 1x5=5 Read the passage below and answer questions 5-8: Working opportunities for women are very few in rural areas of Bangladesh. They usually spend their time doing their household chores. The ILO recently started a project titled Technologies for Rural Employment with Special Reference to Women and Sustainable Development'. The aim of this project is to impart training to rural women in various activities and make them self-reliant. 

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Sakhina Begum is a beneficiary of this project. She attended a training course on food processing at the Bangladesh Agriculture Research Institute (BART) at Gazipur. Sakhina has two school-going children. Her husband is a rickshaw-puller who does not earn enough to support the family and pay for the children's education. From the BARI training course, Sakhina learnt how to make jam, jelly, pickles, popcorn and many other food items. Along with her fellow project beneficiaries, she is now producing these items and selling them in the local market. With the proceeds, she is now able to add to her family income. If they continue doing their work. Sakhina and other women working with her will surely see happier days with the new employment opportunities created by the ILO project. 5. Write short answers to the following questions. 1x5 = 5 (a) What does ILO mean? (b) What is the aim of the ILO project? (c) What training did Sakhina Begum receive from BARI? (d) Why can't Sakhina's husband pay for the children's education? (e) How do village women usually pass their time? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1x5 = 5 The condition of the poor village women is very (a) ———. They do not find any (b) ——— for work in the rural areas. The ILO has recently started a project with a view to (c) ——— their condition. It (d) ———training to rural women. Sakhina Begum has received training under this project. She has been able to (e) ——— her financial condition. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences. 1x5 = 5 8. Based on your reading of the passage make short notes in each of the boxes in flow chart showing Sakhina's income generating activities. (No. 1 has been done for you.) 1x5 = 5 1. Training programme

PART-B: Vocabulary (Marks-20) 9. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical change if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need. 1x10=10 constraints unusually huge education need standard facilities increase available affect troubled requisite progress academic Bangladesh has a (a) ——— population. Our educational institutions are also few. We have far too many students to (b) ———compared to the number of institutions (c) ———. Bangladesh (d) ——— more schools, colleges and universities to provide for the (e) ——— number of students. But owing to financial and resource (f) ——— , the government cannot fund the (g) ——— number of educational institutions. At present every educational institution is overcrowded and class size is (h) ——— large. As (i) ——— in these institutions are poor, the students do not get a (j) ——— education. 10. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1 x 10 = 10 Riaz is fed (a) ——— with his next door (b) ———. His bed room is very (c) ——— to theirs. Every time he sits down to (d) ——— in the evening (e) ——— comes the blaring sound of the television (f) ——— the house next door. It (g) ——— that the 

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TV is kept (h) ——— the whole evening. In winter he can bear it by (i) ——— his window closed (j) ——— in summer it gets too hot and stuffy if the window is kept closed. 11. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write the sentences in full. 6 x 2 = 12 (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) (vi)

A Water But it Moderate rainfall Excessive rainfall Our farmers They

B feel helps do not get can be is destroys

C most of Water very essential for the dire need of Produce both a blessing

D our crops bumper crops water for irrigation in a proper way and a curse our agriculture

12. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1 x 14 = 14 (i) This time he put on gorgeous dress. (ii) The courtier understood his fault and begged pardon to the poet. (iii)On his way back home, Sa'di again took shelter in the same courtier's house. (iv) He set out for the emperor's palace in ordinary dress. (v) Sa'di replied. "My dress deserves this food." (vi) He was simple in his ways of life. (vii) On the way. he took shelter in a courtier's house. (viii) Sheikh Sa'di was a great Persian poet. (ix) They asked, "Why are you putting the foods in your dress?" (x) Once he was invited to the emperor's palace. (xi) The courtier's men were surprised to see this. (xii) The courtier and his men did not show much honour and hospitality to him. (xiii) Now Sa'di began to put his foods in the pockets of his dress. (xiv) The courtier received him cordially and entertained him with rich and delicious foods. 13. Write a paragraph of about 100 words based on the following questions. Your answers should give as much detail as possible. 14 (a) Where is Bangladesh situated? (b) When did she get her independence? (c) How is the climate of the country? (d) What is the main occupation of the people here? (e) What is the main attraction of this country? (f) How do you feel about Bangladesh? RAJSHAHI BOARD-2005 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER PART A: SEEN COMPREHENSION Read the passage below and answer the questions 1 — 4: Education is one of the basic needs of a human being and is essential for any kind of development. The poor socio-economic condition of Bangladesh can be largely attributed to most people's inaccessibility to education. Many illiterate people do not have any knowledge of health, sanitation and population control. If they were 

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educated, they could live a healthy and planned life. Education teaches us how to earn well and how to spend well. It enables us to make the right choices in life and to perform our duties properly. It enhances our ability to raise crops, store food, protect the environment and carry out our social responsibilities. It is only education which can help us to adopt a rational attitude. It provides us with an enlightened awareness about things and this awareness is the prerequisite for social development. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1X5=5 (a) There is no doubt that education is one of the basic needs of wild beasts/insects/human beings. (b) Knowledge of health, sanitation and population control is absent among the highly educated people/illiterate people/old people. (c) Education teaches us how to fight well/cheat well/earn well and spend well. (d) It enables us to make the wrong choices/right choices/doubtful choices in life. (e) Only education can help us to adopt an irrational/rational attitude/illogical attitude. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information. 1X5=5 (a) The rich socio-economic condition of Bangladesh can be largely attributed to most people's accessibility to education. (b) Many uneducated people have the knowledge of health, sanitation and population control. (c) Education enables us to earn well and spend well. (d) Education disables us to make the right choices in life and to perform our duties properly. (e) Only education can help us to adopt an irrational attitude. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of words in brackets. Add any preposition if necessary. 1X5=5 (a) We can attribute the socio-economic (develop) —— of the country to education. (b) Many illiterate people —— (not aware) of the rules of health. (c) Education helps the —— (protect) of environment. (d) We own the —— (enhance) of our abilities to education. (e) A rural woman usually —— (not have) any knowledge of sanitation. 4. Make a list of five merits of education. 1x5=5 Read the passage below and answer the questions 5—8 Water, a vital element of the environment, is also polluted in different ways. Man pollutes water by throwing waste into it. Farmers use chemical fertilizers and insecticides in their fields. When rain and floods wash away some of these chemicals, they get mixed with water in rivers, canals and ponds. Mills and factories also throw their poisonous chemicals and waste products into rivers and canals and thus pollute the water. Water vehicles also pollute rivers by dumping oil, food waste and human waste into them. Insanitary latrines and unsafe drains standing on river and canal: banks are also responsible for further pollution. 5. Write short answers to the questions below. 1x5= 5 (a) What is a vital element of the environment? (b) How does a farmer pollute water? (c) How do mills and factories pollute water? (d) How do water vehicles contribute to water pollution? 

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(e) Do you think insanitary latrines and unsafe drains are responsible for water pollution? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1x5= 5 (a) Water is polluted in ——— ways. (b) Man is a vital ——— of environment. (c) Farmers use chemical and ——— in their fields. (d) Mills and factories ——— their waste products into rivers. (e) Water vehicles are also responsible ———water pollution. 7. Summarise water pollution in five sentences. 1x5= 5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow chart showing how water pollution can be prevented. (No. 1 has been done for you.) 1x5= 5 1. Through a law from the parliament

Part B: Vocabulary 9. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical change if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need. 1x10= 10 waste rubbish incinerators environment refabricated manage utilize of some non-burnable We cannot altogether get rid of our (a) ———— but a proper management of it can certainly reduce its quantity. If we think of burning, burying, recycling and thus (b) ———— our waste, we can to a large (c) ———— save our (d) ————. Our garbage consists (e) ———— various kinds of things. Some are burnable, (f) ——— — are (g) ———. In some countries waste is destroyed by (h) ————. The nonburnable waste is melted and (i) ————. Some rubbish is not (j) ———— at all. 10. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10= 1O Newspapers in Bangladesh have constantly (a) ———— our attention to the (b) —— —— safety measures provided by (c) ———— garments factories. They (d) ——— —adequate space, (e) ———— staircases and (f) ———— exits. (g) ———— addition, most of the garments (h) ———— do not have any training (i) ———— fire safety. At least 104 garments employees were (j) ———— in fire related Incidents. Part C: Guided Writing 11. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write out the sentences in full. 2X6-12 A B C D (i) Mr. Robertson doesn't take A who talk much (11) He in his fifties a beard but curly (iii) His hair it makes him People loves to eat (iv) He is is Straight important (v) He doesn't have Look but he has a moustache (vi) He says is not And lawyer 

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12. The following sentences are jumbled. Rewrite the sentences in the proper order and in one paragraph to make a story. 14 (i) Bashir milked the cow and drank the milk. (ii) Ali was the younger brother and Bashir was the elder. (iii)Bashir grew fatter and Ali became thinner day by day. (iv) There lived two brothers named Ali and Bashir. (v) They inherited a cow that Ali grazed everyday. (vi) One day their father died. (vii) Bashir drank the juice alone. (viii) Ali watered the palm tree. (ix) Bashir agreed to share the juice with Ali. (x) Bashir had to share the cow's milk with Ali. (xi) The clever man whispered something into All's ears. (xii) Ali started beating the cow just when Bashir was about to milk it. (xiii) Bashir requested Ali not to cut the palm tree. (xiv) A clever man noticed everything. 13. Write a paragraph of around 1OO words based on the following questions. Your answers should give as much detail as possible. 14 (a) What do you think about the necessity of education? (b) Can education really remove the darkness of ignorance? (c) How does education promote understanding among people? (d) How can education contribute towards change for the better? JESSORE BOARD-2005 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER PART A: SEEN COMPREHENSION Read the passage below and answer the questions 1 — 4: For the Germans leisure has become a major pursuit. Formerly, Germans used to work ten hours a day and six days a week and had very little time to relax. But in modern times working hours in Germany have become shorter stretching over five days. People therefore have more time to spare now. They are so interested in spending their free time effectively that there is even a German Leisure Association that conducts research on leisure activities. The Germans love to travel and almost half of all adults in Germany have made a trip outside the country just for pleasure and relaxation. There are also many sports centres where young people go for physical exercise. Going to dance clubs or for long drives are other popular pastimes. Hiking, walking or visiting family and friends are also some of the more common leisure activities there. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1x5 = 5 (a) Nowadays the Garmens have to work six days/five days/seven days a week. (b) As the working hours have become shorter people in Germany have no time/more time/a lot of time to spare now. (c) Traveling/Riding/Fishing as a leisure activity is very popular with the German adults.

(d) The Germans are not interested/very interested/hardly interested in spending their free time effectively. 

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(e) The young people in Germany go to sports centres for research on leisure activities/physical exercise/merrymaking. 2. True/false? If false, give the correct answer. 1x5 = 5 (a) Formerly, Germans used to work five days a week. (b) Nearly 50% of all adults in Germany have made a trip outside the country for pleasure and relaxation. (c) The existence of German Leisure Association shows the great interest of Germans In spending their free time effectively. (d) Sports centres are very rare in Germany. (e) Some of the common leisure activities in Germany are hunting, skate boarding and boating. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words in brackets. Add any prepositions if necessary. 1x5 = 5 (a) Nowadays working days have been (bring) ———— down to five. (b) Germans are deeply interested in (spend) ———— their leisure effectively. (c) Half of German adults travel abroad for (relax) ———— (d) German Leisure Association is formed with a view to (conduct) ———— research on leisure activities. (e) One of the common leisure activities in Germany is (visit) ———— family and friends. 4. Make a list of five leisure pursuits in Germany. 1x5 = 5 Read the passage below and answer questions 5-8: Water, another vital element of the environment, is also polluted in different ways. Man pollutes water by throwing waste into it. Farmers use chemical fertilizers and insecticides in their fields. When rain and floods wash away some of these chemicals, they get mixed with water in rivers, canals and ponds. Mills and factories also throw their poisonous chemicals and waste products into rivers and canals and thus pollute the water. Water vehicles also pollute rivers by dumping oil. food waste and human waste into them. Insanitary latrines and unsafe drains standing on river and canal banks are also responsible for further pollution. Thus water is contaminated by various kinds of waste and filth. 5. Write short answers to the following questions about water pollution. 1x5 = 5 (a) How is water polluted by the farmers? (b) How do water vehicles contaminate water? (c) How is the water of the rivers and canals polluted by mills? (d) What kinds of latrines and drains are responsible for water pollution? (e) How is human waste dumped into the river? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1x5 = 5 Water is one of the most important elements of our environment. Unfortunately we seldom realize this and often (a) ——— it by throwing various kinds of waste and (b) ——— into it. Rain water (c) ———away fertilizers and insecticides into the river water, which is also contaminated by the (d) ——— from mills and factories. Insanitary latrines and unsafe drains are also responsible for water (e) ———. 7. Summarise the main factor of water pollution in five sentences.

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1x5 = 5

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8. Based on your reading of the passage make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow chart to show how water is polluted, (No. 1 has been done for you.) 1x5 = 5 1. The man throws waste into water

PART-B: Vocabulary 9. Fill in the gaps with a suitable words from the box (make any grammatical change if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need. 1x10=10 sense dots see read man using tips although ability letters way mails (a) ——— blind people cannot (b) ———, their (c) ——— of touch becomes far more developed than that of the most sighted people. This (d) ——— was put to use by a brilliant (e) ——— called Louis Braille. In the early nineteenth century, he invented a (f) ——— of writing which bears his name. The Braille system reproduces the (g) ——— of the alphabet by a series of (h) ———in certain positions, which are raised on the paper. The blind person runs the (i) ——— of his fingers across the pages of the Braille book, and can work out the printed letters and numbers. In this way, he reads the book (j) ——— his sense of touch. 10. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Your performance in the interview is very important, even (a) ——— some people regard (b) ——— as poor predictors of future (c) ———. There is a good (d) ——— of subjectivity in an interview to judge a (e) ——-, but as a candidate, the subjectivity inherent in interviews can work to your (I) ———. If you manifest confidence and enthusiasm, smile a (g) ——— and generally look as though you know (h) ——— you are talking about, then you are well on the (i) ——— to a result (j) ——— you responds is probably more important than what you say. Part C: Guided Writing 11. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write the sentences in full. 2x6 = 12 A B C D (i) E-mail has is a revolution made of communication (if) Messages can become greatly to another countries like ours be dependent (ill) It brought about on this speedy telephone calls (iv) Trade and not reached everyone commercially within seconds commerce has operated e-mail facilities (v) It has however. started using far cheaper than in modem communication (vi) But even here transmitted from one especially in for important people have country developing purposes 12.The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1x14=14 

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(i) Alexander, the king of Macedon, crossed the Khaiyber Pass and reached India. (ii) Then he came to the plain of the Punjab. (iii)Alexander was pleased with Porus for his bold reply. (iv) There ruled a king called Porus. (v) But unfortunately he was defeated in a battle. (vi) "Like a king." was the reply of Porus. (vii) He was brought before Alexander. (viii) He wanted to attack the land of Porus. (ix) He showed his boldness before Alexander. (x) He also made him king of another province in the Punjab. (xi) Then he was taken prisoner. (xii) Porus came forward with his men and arms in order to defend his land from the attack of Alexander. (xiii) He allowed him to rule his country as before. (xiv) Alexander asked him how he would like to be treated. 13. Write a paragraph of about 100 words based on the following questions. Your answers should give as much detail as possible. 14 (a) Why are sports necessary? (b) What types of sports are very popular? (c) Do sports help us anyhow? (d) Do you take part in sports? (e) Do sports strengthen international brotherhood? CHITTAGONG BOARD-2005 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER PART A: SEEN COMPREHENSION Read the passage below and answer the questions 1 — 4: The unit by which the loudness of sound is measured is called a decibel. According to the UN, the normal tolerance limit of sound is 45 decibels. When the vibration of sound is at a tolerable, pleasant level, it is simply called sound. But when it is sharp and harsh to the ears it becomes noise. Serious harm can be caused to people if they are regularly exposed to sounds exceeding 70 decibels. Because of the growth of urban population and the increasing use of machines in our everyday life there has been a general increase in the level of sound around us. On an average, people in the cities are exposed to sounds ranging from 30 to 90 decibels or even more. A study in Japan has found that housewives who live in the city were exposed to almost the same amount of sound that a factory worker was exposed to at his/her work place. The occupations that the study found to be the noisiest were factory work, truck driving and primary school teaching. Many developed countries are trying to control sound pollution by careful town planning and developing public awareness. In Holland schools are not allowed near airports and houses which are situated near airports are provided with special types of insulation to limit the sound heard inside the buildings. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1x5 = 5 (i) According to the report of the UN, human beings are capable of enduring/ absorbing/assimilating the sound not exceeding 45 decibels without any harm. 

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(ii) It is called sound when the vibration of sound is not at an outrageous/ intolerable/ insufferable level. (iii)Sound pollution is more in rural/urban/remote areas. (iv) Noise does not cause harm when it is loud/pleasant/harsh. (v) Decibel is the scale/unit/balance of measuring sound. 2. Tree/false? If false, give the correct answer. 1x5 = 5 (a) Primary school teaching is free from sound pollution. (b) Sound pollution is not acute in rural areas. (c) Primary schools are free from sound pollution. (d) People in cities are exposed to sounds ranging from 45-90 decibels or even more. (e) When the vibration of sound is sharp and harsh to the ears, it becomes noise. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words in brackets. Add any prepositions if necessary. 1x5 = 5 (i) Sound pollution is very (harm) ——— people. (ii) Sound pollution is (cause) ——— the sounds ranging from 45 to 90 decibels or even more. (iii)The occupations like factory work, truck driving and primary school teaching are found to be the (noisy) ———. (iv) Houses situated near airports are (provide) ——— special types of insulation. (v) (Develop) ———public awareness is necessary for the control of sound pollution. 4. Make a list of five things that cause sound pollution. 1x5 = 5 Read the passage below and answer the questions 5-8: Television has become the most common and widespread source of entertainment of the present world. A wide range of programmes of varied interest is telecast on numerous channels. Almost every middle class and even working class families have a television set today. Television programmes are not only interesting; they can be highly educative too. For example, television is used for distance learning. Courses run by the Open University are shown on BTV. Several channels like the Discovery Channel and the National Geographic Channel telecast highly informative programmes. Watching TV, however, has become an addiction for many. Satellite telecasting has added new dimensions to television, but it has sometimes been branded as a cultural assault on developing nations. The East is being exposed more and more to Western music, entertainment and modes of life. As a result, younger people's tastes are gradually being influenced by them. 5. Write short answers to the following questions. 1x5 = 5 (a) How has television become an addiction for many? (b) How does Satellite telecast influence our young generation? (c) What do you mean by cultural assault? (d) What part does television play in our education? (e) What do you think are the good effects of television? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1x5 = 5 Television is a (a) ——— means of communication and recreation. After days' work, we sit before a television (b) ——— and enjoy different programmes. Television can educate the people to the current (c) ——— of the world. Some vulgar programmes destroy the (d) ——— of the young people. The students become (e) ——— to watching programmes and lose their valuable time. 

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7. Summarise the passage in five sentences. 1x5 = 5 8. Based on your reading of the passage make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow chart showing demerits of watching television. (No. 1 has been done for you.) 1x5 = 5 1. It influences the character

PART-B: Vocabulary (Marks-40) 9. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (Make any grammatical change if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need. 1 x 10 = 10 carry provide get essential attribute hence redefine needs enable yardstick adopt shelter enhance protect aware perform Education is one of the basic (a) ——— of a human being and is (b) ——— for every kind of development. It (c) ——— us to make right choices in life. It (d) ——— our ability to raise crops, store food, (e) ——— the environment and (f) ——— out our social responsibilities. It (g) ——— us with an enlightened (h) ——— about things. But education has to be (i) ———. It is not merely (j) ——— degrees from schools, colleges and universities. It is something more lasting, more humane. 10. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 The great ship "Titanic" (a) ——— for New York from Southampton on April 01, 1912. She was (b) ——— 1316 passengers and a crew of 891. At that time, however, she was the only largest ship that had been (c) ——— built. She was regarded as unsinkable for she had sixteen water-tight compartments. The tragic (d) ––––— of the great ship will always be remembered for she went down on her maiden (e) ——— with a heavy loss of life. Four days after setting out while the Titanic was sailing (f) ——— the icy water of the North Atlantic, a huge ice-berg was suddenly spotted (g) ——— the lookout. After the alarm had been given, the great ship turned sharply to avoid a (h) ———. Suddenly, there was slight trembling sound from below and the captain went down to see what had (i) ———. The noise had been so faint that no one thought that the ship had been damaged below. The captain realised to his horror that the Titanic' was sinking rapidly, for five of the sixteen water-tight compartments had already been (j) ———. Part-C: Guided Writing (Marks-40)

11. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write the sentences in full. 2x6=12

A B C D (i) English has English in language because of for the competitive become order to its world (ii) People learn an international make them linguistic benefits competent (iii) English is an learn English for globalisation successful that (iv)People adopt different that makes a man the culmination of policies success 

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(v) Those who (vi) English is

international language essential

exactly can reach to make their

aims at having development for every nation

English outstanding

12. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1x14 = 14 (i) His friends and disciples could not bear the sight. (ii) With eyes full of tears, they bade Socrates a last farewell. (iii)A few moments passed. Socrates lay down and covered his face. (iv) The cup contained hemlock, a very strong poison. (v) At last, the hour of departure had arrived. (vi) A moment later, he uncovered his face and looking at Crito, said, "Don't forget the debt, Crito." (vii)They burst into tears and cried loudly like children. (viii)Socrates met his friends and disciples for the last time. (ix)He asked them to let him die in peace. (x)At sunset, the Governor of the prison came. (xi)Then there came a man with a cup in hand. (xii)He argued with them about the immortality of the soul. (xiii) He told them that the soul of man cannot die. (xiv)Socrates took the cup in his hand, said his prayer and drank the hemlock without any hesitation. 13. Write a paragraph of about 100 words based on the following questions. Your answers should give as much detail as possible. 14 (a) What is a book fair? (b) When and where is it held? (c) How popular is it? (d) Have you ever visited a book fair? When? (e) What kind of books are usually available in a book fair? (f) What is your personal impression of a book fair? BARISHAL BOARD-2005 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER PART A: SEEN COMPREHENSION Read the passage below and answer the questions 1 — 4: There have been significant changes in the types of entertainment over time. Many of these no longer exist. Even if they do, people keep looking for newer forms of entertainment. Thus snake charming, puppet shows, jatra, jarigan, sharigan and kabigan which were common forms of entertainment in the past, have almost lost their appeal. Radio, which used to be a good source of entertainment in the past, is now giving place to television and to satellite channels in particular. The entertainment business, like other spheres of life, is getting westernised day by day. Folk music or palligeeti is now sung with western instruments. At the same time, modern music is now fusing melodies from folk and traditional songs. In general, band and pop music is becoming more and more popular, particularly among the young generation.

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Sports has become a great source of entertainment today. Football, which used to be the most popular spectator sports in Bangladesh, is gradually being replaced by cricket as a popular form of sports entertainment. 1.Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1x5=5 (a) In our country the forms of entertainment have been changing with the change of ages/time/seasons. (b) People are, no longer, pleased with the conventional/unappealing/unpleasant forms of entertainment. (c) Television is now more popular/important/unpleasant. (d) The common forms of entertainment of the past have ceased to be as fantastic/enchanting/popular as they were in the past. (e) Different types of entertainment in our country are now increasingly coming under the western spell/influence/control. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information. 1x5=5 (a) Some of the old forms of entertainment arc no longer in use. (b) The newer forms of entertainment are considered better than those of the past. (c) Now people prefer modern music to folk songs. (d) There appear modern songs in every sphere of life. (e) Football and cricket are two popular spectator games in our country at present. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words. Add any prepositions, if necessary. 5 (a) Many of these are no longer in (exist) ————. (b) Significant changes in the (tradition) ———— forms of entertainment are now evident. (c) Our taste for forms of entertainments (change) ———— day by day. (d) Western instruments are now being used for the (present) ———— palligeeti. (e) Band and pop music is rapidly attaining (popular) ———— the youngsters. 4. Make a list of five changes that have come about in the forms of entertainment over the years. 1x5=5 Read the passage below and answer the questions 5 — 8: Scientists have always wondered if there is life anywhere out in the space besides us. They have joined together on a major project called the Communication with ExtraTerrestrial Intelligence (CETI) which seeks to establish contact with any other living beings in the universe. For this they are beaming out radio signals into space in the hope of attracting attention of "other worlds". It was thought that there is life on Mars. But two Viking spacecrafts that landed on Mars in 1976 did not provide much evidence of life. The pictures sent by them showed Mars as having a red sky instead of a blue one like ours and a pinkish iron-rich soil. Its gravity is about half as strong as that of Earth so that the atmosphere is also much thinner than our planet. It has deserts, high mountains, volcanoes, craters, grooves like canals as well as summer and winter seasons. But there are no trees or signs of any life forms. However a close inspection of a meteorite from Mars that fell on the Earth has revealed tiny fossils like bacteria 3.6 billion years old. This proved that some form of life existed there in the past. But who knows! Space probes have also been sent to planets Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune. It will take years for a space probe to reach a planet and many more years to analyse all the data sent to Earth by these probes. 

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5. Write short answers to the following questions. 1x5=5 (a) What do scientists do to establish contact with any other living beings out in the space? (b) How did scientists collect details about the planet Mars? (c) Which particular evidence suggests that the atmosphere of Mars is much thinner than that of the Earth? (d) How many seasons do the planet Mars seen to have? (e) Why does the author say 'who knows'? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1x5=5 Scientists are very curious about the (a) ———— of life somewhere out in the space. They are making efforts in various ways to establish contact with other worlds in the (b) ————. A great deal of (c) ———— has come into the possession of scientists regarding the planet Mars. Mars is similar to Earth in some respects but different from Earth in the (d) ———— of its sky and soil. These details, however, show no clear (e) ————of life on Mars. 7. Summarise the main facts about Mars in five sentences. 1x5=5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow chart showing the efforts of the scientists to find out evidence of any life forms out in the space. (No. 1 has been done for you) 1x5=5 1. Efforts of the scientists to find out any life forms out in the space

Part B: Vocabulary 9. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical change if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need. 1x10=10 educate recreation religion original question broadcast sent aim facilities concern look consider though taken Television, a source of much knowledge, pleasure, and information and a widely used media of mass communication, is now being (a) ———— at from a different point of view. Is the TV really doing good, especially to the youngsters of our new generation? It is an important (b) ———— both to ask and to answer indeed. Looked from an (c) ———— point of view, the TV is to be (d) ———— one of the most effective means of educating both the students and the public as a whole. Again, it has almost become the most effective and popular means of people's (e) ————. Films, dramas, songs, dances, comedy series- all these are very attractive packages of programmes. As a means of communication TV is, (f) ———— not the most important, yet the most effective and useful means of communication. Up to this point, we must say that the TV is doing good to our youngsters by educating them and by giving them recreational (g) ————. But as far as the satellite TV is (h) ——— —, we cannot say this for certainty. The commercial package programmes (i) ——— — by satellite TVs are detrimental to our young generation, pernicious to our societies, threatening to our values and traditions and (j) —— beliefs. 10. Fill in the gaps with an appropriate word. 1x10=10 In the polar regions, one kind of house is made of glass for growing crops in it. When the rays of the sun fall on earth, their wave-length is so small that they (a) ———— on the soil inside the house without (b) ———— the glass walls. When those rays are 

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reflected by the earth, their wave-length gets (c) ———— and thus they can easily heat the glass-walls. This process of artificially heating up the glass-houses is called the greenhouse effect. Though it is fundamentally the (d) ———— of a scientific process, now we (e) ———— by it to a dangerous effect being caused in the atmosphere. For various scientific reasons, nowadays the amount of carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, chlorofluoro carbons are (f) ———— in the atmosphere. Consequently, when the rays of the sun, after being (g) ———— by the earth, goes up with larger wavelengths, the above mentioned gases get heated by it (h) ———— the glass-walls of the aforesaid greenhouse. The result is obvious and fatal : the temperature of the (i) ———— around the earth increases more than (j) ————, Part C: Guided Writing 11. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write the sentences in full. 2 x 6 = 12 A B C D (i) He came and often I and they would both go in silence up everyday doze the hill (ii) The days had and cut wood and since the asters and I took it become cold were now gone easy (iii) He would lie with a common and did small helpful and wait quietly on the floor ecstasy through the favours for me laurel (iv) Other days in front of the fire, let him come and stayed to they ran with one arm talk across the pointer (v) When he went the next day over the mountains and inside the cabin away I watched him (vi) I expected him I remember that a but he did not come he brought me new moon hung back vermilion maple leaves 12. The sentences hi the following text are jumbled. Rewrite the sentences in the proper order in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1x14=14 (i) Desdemona was fascinated by his stories and especially by the story of his life. (ii) Othello was a brave soldier who had risen to become a general, (iii)He told them of deserts, caves and mountains high enough to touch the sky. (iv) Brabantio, a rich senator of Venice, had only one child, a daughter named Desdemona. (v) Her pity soon turned to love and she confessed to Othello that she loved him. (vi) She refused them all because she loved Othello, a noble Moor from North Africa, (vii) Othello told them strange stories of battles he had fought in and places he had seen. (viii)He had shown his bravery in many bloody battles against the Turks, (ix)She pitied Othello for the misfortunes and hardships of his life. (x)She was so beautiful that many young men of the best families wished to marry her. (xi)Everyone praised him and the senate trusted and honoured him. 

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(xii)He also told them of men who ate human flesh and of strange race of people whose heads were under their shoulder. (xiii)Brabantio often invited Othello to his house where he and his daughter listened in wonder to Othello as he spoke about his adventures. (xiv) Hearing it, she had to weep and she never became tired of listening to it. 13. Write a paragraph of about 100 words based on the following questions. Your answers to the questions should give as much detail as possible. 14 (a) Where is Bangladesh located? (b) Since when has she been independent? (c) What is the language of the people? (d) How many religions are there in Bangladesh? (e) What sort of climate does she have? (f) What is the chief occupation of the people? (g) What are some of the common customs and traditions that people follow? SYLHET BOARD-2005 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER PART A: SEEN COMPREHENSION Read the passage below and answer the questions 1 — 4: Bangladesh is a small country but has a large population. Most people here live below the poverty line and cannot therefore afford to educate their children. Many poor children either drop out of school after just a few years or simply do not go to school at all. Despite this situation, we have far too many students to educate compared to the number of institutions available. Bangladesh needs more schools, colleges and universities to provide for the increasing number of students. But owing to financial and resource constraints, the government cannot fund the requisite number of educational institutions. At present every educational institution is over-crowded and class size is unusually large. As facilities in these institutions are poor, students do not get a standard ^education. Moreover, many educational institutions in Bangladesh are troubled with politics and violence. Sometimes institutions are closed down to avoid clashes between rival groups of students. Such closures badly affect academic progress. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1x5=5 (a) Most of the people in Bangladesh do not have the intention/ability/ endeavour to educate their children. (b) Comparatively the number of the educational institutions is insufficient/ available/excess in Bangladesh. (c) Our budget should give more/less/average facilities for our education. (d) Some of our educational institutions are troubled/accomplished/glorified by terrorism. (e) The academic progress of our education has been stopped /interrupted / executed by many obstacles. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information. 1x5=5 (a) Every child of Bangladesh has the opportunity to take primary education. (b) We have sufficient finance and resources, but we do not utilize them. (c) Though many students drop out of school level, every educational institution of our country is over-crowded. (d) Students do not get a standard education because of insufficient facilities in our educational institutions. 

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(e) The practice of politics develops the standard of our educational institutions.

3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of words in brackets. Add any preposition if necessary. 1x5=5

(a) Poverty is the main obstacle for most of the people of Bangladesh to be (educate) ———. (b) Without (remove) ——— poverty, our population cannot be educated. (c) Our nation cannot (progress) ——— education. (d) (Corrupt) ——— is prevailing in our educational institutions. (e) (Compare) ——— many students of Bangladesh we find that institutions are not enough.

4. Make a list of five reasons why people cannot afford to educate their children. 1x5=5

Read the passage below and answer the questions 1—4: Sports are a popular form of entertainment. Many international sporting events are organised from time to time. Most of these events are sponsored by multinational manufacturing companies and business firms. They pay for the sports events in exchange for the right to advertise their products during those events. These events are telecast worldwide by satellite and people all over the world watch them live. As a result, the sponsor's products receive maximum media coverage thus giving companies international recognition. This is only the commercial aspect of international sport but there are other aspects too. The sports venue becomes a meeting place of people from different countries. When people of different nations get together on the occasion of an international sporting event, they come closer to each other, sharing views, opinions and friendship. This opportunity creates a sense of brotherhood and a spirit of mutual co-operation among them. Moreover, getting acquainted with different cultures helps to break down prejudice and broaden outlook. If globalisation has anything to do with the development of international relationship, then sports can certainly contribute in a big way to this. 5. Write short answers to the following questions. 1x5=5 (a) Who help to organize the international sporting events? (b) Why do companies and business firms sponsor international sporting events? (c) How are the events telecast? (d) How do the people of different nations come close to each other? (e) Do sports play any role for international relationship? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1x5=5 The world cup cricket '99 was arranged in England. This event was sponsored by (a) ———— and (b) ————. England 'became a meeting place of (c) ———— from different countries. About twelve (d) ———— participated at this event. This event is (e) ———— important in growing international relationship. 7. Write five points on how sports develop international relationship. 1x5=5 8. Make a short note in each of the boxes in the flow chart showing how multinational companies and business firms are benefited by using the international sports events. (No. 1 has been done for you). 1. A way for broadcasting

Part B: Vocabulary 

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9. Fill in the gaps with suitable words from the box (make any grammatical change if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need. 1x10= 10 eager joyous become remain festive favourite food want flood invite gift elders Children are very fond of festivals. They become very (a) ———— on a day of festival. If it is their birthday, their joys become over (b) ————. They become very (c) ———— to have wishes from their beloved persons. The whole day they (d) ———— to spend times in joy. Usually a child, on its birthday, gets up early and tries to (e) ———— closed to their parents. It (f) ———— a nice day, if it is presented anything very (g) ———— to it. Children also want to have their friends (h) ———— to their house on a festival. They expect to have a party. Their joys give pleasure to their (i) ————. We should try to keep the children always in a (j) —— —— mind. 10. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1xl0= 10 Sincerity is the best way for achieving success. One can go a long way if one does anything with sincerity. People who are sincere to their work are (a) ———— of making anything success. The great men are also sincere because they (b) ———— that sincerity is the (c) ———— to success. Those who are not (d) ———— can never (e) ———— a long way in the world. The poor people are not always sincere, because they do not know the (f) ———— of sincerity. If they knew it they would (g) ———— a good use of it. Sincerity (h) ———— not only to do work properly, but also with dutifulness, honesty, modesty and good behaviour. The people of our country are not still (i) ———— of the (j) ———— of sincerity. Part C: Guided Writing 11. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write the sentences in full. 2X6=12 A B C D (i) Mount Everest is difficult and who was the as the conquerors dangerous first of the highest mountain in the world (ii) It was named the daring and have gone is the highest mountaineers into the history mountain in the world (iii) Climbing which is in the because there is had to be mountains like Everest Himalayan Mountains snow all over abandoned and (iv) In spite of all been led to conquer are not daunted to survey the difficulties and Mount Everest because Himalayas in dangers 1841 (v) Many Edmund Hillary and North India mountains always expeditions had Tenzing Norkay between Tibet look exciting and reached the top on and Nepal challenging to May 10 them (vi) After two after an Englishman but some of there might be months of difficult and George Everest them snow slides and dangerous climbing cracks under the 

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ice and snow

12. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Rewrite the sentences in proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1x14=14 (i) The lion laughed and said, "O you! Are you suitable to help me?" (ii) The lion said, "You are small in size but worthful." (iii)While going outside the net, the lion said, "It is a lesson for me." (iv) In fact, the strong or mighty someone is also dependent to the weak one. (v) "Many thanks to you. You have saved my life," said the lion. (vi) From then the lion was kindhearted to the tiny creatures. (vii) The mouse was proud of saving the lion. (viii) The lion caught it and it began to tremble with fear. (ix) A lion was sleeping in a cave. (x) Listening this, the mouse came swiftly and found the lion in a trap. (xi) At that time, a mouse fell upon its body playing. (xii) After sometime, the lion fell into a trap and he was crying "Save me, please, save me, please." (xiii)The mouse cut the net into pieces and thereby he was saved. (xiv) The mouse said, "Let me go; sooner or later, I may help you." 13. Write a paragraph of about 100 words based on the following questions. Your answers to the questions should give as much detail as possible. 14 (a) Did you ever go on a journey by train? (b) When did you go? (c) What was the occasion? (d) Describe the journey? (e) How much did you enjoy it? DHAKA BOARD-2004 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER PART A: SEEN COMPREHENSION Read the passage below and answer the questions 1 — 4: Ismail Hossain is an affluent man now. Through hard work and devotion, he has managed to turn the wheels of fortune. He was an unemployed youth of an impoverished family from Ekdala village in Natore Sadar thana. Through new knowledge, hard work and perseverance, he has brought prosperity to his family. Ismail Hossain, son of Zohar Ali, studied up to class eight. Poverty then forced him to look for work. He worked as a labourer before he joined the training programme of the Natore Horticulture Centre (NHC) and has remained associated with it since then. The officer-in charge of NHC said that Ismail seemed to be an enthusiastic and energetic youth during the selection of villages under NHC's command area. Ismail first received training in vegetable cultivation. Then he got a lease of land in his village and applied his new and improved knowledge to cultivating vegetables. He earned taka 25,000 as profit that year. In the same way he made a profit of taka one lakh by cultivating quality cauliflowers the next year. Later he bought some land and used it entirely to cultivate cauliflowers. He has also been raising hybrid cows for milk as well as to produce manure. Ismail's lot has changed radically. He said with a 

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satisfactory smile, "I am very happy to be self-sufficient now. I had nothing of my own before, but now I have so much. It has been possible through my hard labour and systematic cultivation. The credit also goes to the NHC of course", he added. The officer-in-charge of NHC said, "I feel proud of Ismail Hossain. He deserves national recognition for his outstanding success." 1. Choose the right word/expression to complete each sentence. 1x5= 5 (a) At present, Ismail Hossain is a rich/poor/idle man. (b) Ismail Hossain is a self-dependent/other-dependent/proud man. (c) Ismail Hossain looked for work for his satisfaction/poverty/family. (d) Ismail got a lease of land before his training/after his training/during his training. (e) Ismail has been able to change his fortune for his hard labour/the Natore Horticulture Centre/his hard labour and the Natore Horticulture Centre. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information. 1x5=5 (a) Ismail could get rid of poverty for living in village. (b) Ismail earned taka 1, 00.000 as profit for the first time. (c) Ismail has raised hy-brid cows only for milk. (d) Everybody said that Ismail's great success should be nationally recognized. (e) Ismail's family was poor. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words in brackets. 1x5=5 (a) Before he got a lease of land, he (receive) —— training. (b) He bought some land in order to use it for (cultivate) —— cauliflowers. (c) His fortune (change) —— for his hard labour. (d) He was (pride) —— of his success in life. (e) He proved that he was a (self-make) —— man. 4. Write five sentences talking about Ismail's outstanding success in life. 1x5=5 Read the passage below and answer questions 5—8. His name was Jerry; he had been at the orphanage since he was four. I could picture him at four, with the same grave gray blue eyes and the same independence. No, the word that comes to me is "integrity." It is embedded on courage, but it is more than brave. It is honest, but it is more than honesty. The axe handle broke one day. Jerry said, the orphanage woodshop would repair it. I brought money to pay for the job and he refused it. "I'll pay for it," he said. "I brought the axe down careless." "But no one hits accurately every time," I told him. "The fault was in the handle." It was only then that he would take the money. He was standing back of his own carelessness. He was a free will agent and he chose to do careful work; and if he failed, he took the responsibility without subterfuge. 5. Write short answers to the following questions. 1x5=5 (a) Where was Jerry living when he was four? (b) What is integrity embedded on? (c) Why did Jerry want to pay for the repair of the axe handle? (d) When did Jerry agree to take the money for the repair of the axe handle? (e) "The fault was in the handle"— who said this? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1x5=5 Arif was an (a) —— boy. He lost his parents when he was four. He had no (b) —— to live in. So, he had been at the orphanage since he was four. While living there, he developed a strong (c) —— of morality. And the only word that can suitably define his character is (d) ——. It is based on (e)——. 

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7. Describe Jerry's character in five sentences. 1x5=5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow chart showing how Jerry who had been at the orphanage, could maintain his integrity. (No. 1 has been done for you). 1x5=5 1. Jerry was freedomloving

Part B: Vocabulary

9. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical change if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need. 1xl0=l0

prestige huge education indicate invention instituted certificate division treated material promote fame contribute research Every year the Nobel Prize is awarded for outstanding (a) –––– to the fields of science, literature, economics and for the (b) —— of peace. It is the world's most (c) –––– prize. If there are more than one recipient, the prize money is (d) —— equally among the winners. The prize was (e) —— by Sir Alfred Nobel, the father of the science of destruction. He (f) —— dynamite. Though Nobel was born in Sweden, he was (g) —— in Russia. For this important invention, he became (h) —— all over the world. He earned a (i) —— sum of money. The prize is given from the interest of the money. The winners of the Nobel Prize are (j) —— with great respect across the globe. 10. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1xl0=10 Many events of (a) —— importance took place during the last century. Significant advances were made in the (b) —— of science and technology. Many European colonies (c) —— independence. The movement for democracy became (d) —— in many parts of the world. Two world wars (e) —— out in this century. It also witnessed the misuse of atomic energy. Two cities of Japan were completely (f) —— as a result of the dropping of atom bombs. The Vietnam War and the Gulf war killed (g) —— of innocent people. However, the emergence of Bangladesh as an (h) —— nation was a momentous event. After a bloody (i) —— of nine months, Bangladesh was born. Now we hold our heads (j) —— in the comity of nations. Part C: Guided Writing 11. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write out the sentences in full. 2 x6=12 A B C B (i) Women in rural have started the main of this project of Bangladesh beneficiaries poverty. (ii) They are reaping the in various economic benefits activities. (iii) Recently, the ILO aims a project for of this laudable project. (iv) The project has at training rural employment of rural launched women women. (v) Very poor women are very few in doing household compelled opportunities chores. (vi) These helpless have to spend their of work outside the women whole life home. 

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12. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1x14= 14 (i) The blacks were subjected to all sorts of indignities. (ii) But the oppressive rulers could not break his spirit. (iii)Nelson Mandela was the greatest leader of South Africa. (iv) Eventually, the great leader realised the goal of liberating his own people. (v) In fact, he was one of the greatest leaders of the world. (vi) All his life he struggled against apartheid. (vii) They were aliens in their own country. (viii) It was government policy of racial segregation. (ix) The blacks were treated cruelly. (x) He was thrown behind the prison bars. (xi) The great leader vowed to put an end to the inhuman practice. (xii) They were denied all basic human rights. (xiii) The Europeans were separated from the non-Europeans. (xiv) Even dogs received a much better treatment than the blacks. 13. Write a paragraph of about 100 words based on the following questions. Your answers to the questions should give as much detail as possible. 14 What is good health? How can one keep good health? Do all the people of our country get the food they need for good health? Are the rich and educated people of our country conscious of the rules of good health? What impact do the complexities of life have on our health? Do you think a simple and care-free life is conducive to good health? COMILLA BOARD-2004 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER PART A: SEEN COMPREHENSION Read the passage below and answer the questions 1 — 4: His name was Jerry; he had been at the orphanage since he was four. I could picture him at four, with the same grave gray blue eyes and the same independence. No, the word that comes to me is "integrity." It is embedded on courage, but it is more than brave. It is honest, but it is more than honesty. The axe handle broke one day. Jerry said, the orphanage woodshop would repair it. I brought money to pay for the job and he refused it. "I'll pay for it," he said. "I brought the axe down careless." "But no one hits accurately every time," I told him. "The fault was in the handle." It was only then that he would take the money. He was standing back of his own carelessness. He was a free will agent and he chose to do careful work; and if he failed, he took the responsibility without subterfuge. And he did for me the unnecessary thing, the gracious thing that we find done only by the great of heart. Things no training can teach, for they are done on the instant, with no predicated experience. He found a cubby hole beside the fireplace that I had not noticed. There, of his own accord, he put wood, so that I might always have dry fire materiel ready in case of sudden wet weather. A stone was loose in the rough walk to the cabin. He dug a deeper hole and steadied it, although he came, himself, by a shortcut over the bank. I found that when I tried to return his thoughtfulness with such things as candy and apples, he was wordless. "Thank you" was, perhaps, an expression for which he had no use, for his courtesy was instinctive. He only looked at the gift and at me, and a 

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curtain lifted, so that I saw deeper into the clear well of his eyes; and gratitude was there, and affection, soft over the firm granite of his character. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1x5=5 (a) What impressed the writer most was Jerry's integrity/probity/fairness of character. (b) It was because of his greatness/magnanimity/generosity of heart that Jerry chose to do careful work. (c) Jerry did good things for the comfort of the authoress without being • demanded/wanted/asked. (d) As his courtesy was simple/instinctive/common he did not thank the writer. (e) Jerry took the responsibility without excuse/temptation/delay. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information. 1x5=5 (a) One day Jerry broke the axe handle. (b) Jerry had moral courage to confess his fault. (c) He did the odd job willingly. (d) Jerry was in the habit of thanking others. (e) He put the fire- wood in the cubby hole. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words given in brackets. Add any prepositions if necessary. 1x5=5 a) Jerry (admit) —— his fault without subterfuge. b) Jerry did his work (careful) ——. c) In case of his (fail) —— Jerry took the responsibility. d) (Stand) —— back of his own carelessness. Jerry earned the admiration of the writer. e) There (be) —— a fault in the axe handle when Jerry started chopping wood. 4. Make a list of five qualities of Jerry that made him dear to the writer. 1x5=5 Read the passage below and answer questions 5 - 8: The world is producing millions of tons of domestic rubbish and toxic industrial waste each year, and it is becoming increasingly difficult to find suitable locations to get rid of all the refuse. The disposal of various kinds of waste is seriously polluting the environment. We know that air is an important element of our environment and our air is polluted by smoke. Man makes fires to cook food, make bricks, and melt tar for road construction and to do many other things. Fires create smoke and pollute the air. Railway engines and powerhouses create smoke by burning coal and oil. Mills and factories also belch a lot of smoke. Buses, trucks and cars use petrol and diesel oil. These too emit smoke. All these kinds of smoke pollute the air. 5. Write short answers to the following questions. 1x5=5 (a) Why is tar used? (b) What is seriously polluting the environment? (c) How do rail engines and powerhouses pollute air? (d) Why does man make fire? (e) What kind of waste do mills and factories dispose? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1x5=5 Air is an important (a) —— of our environment. We cannot live without (b) —— air. But (c) —— air is harmful for our health. The important element which pollutes air is (d) ——. So we should (e) —— public opinion about air pollution. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences. 1x5=5 

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8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow chart showing the factors responsible for air pollution. (No. 1 has been done for you). 1x5= 5 1. Domestic rubbish and industrial waste

Part B: Vocabulary 9. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical change if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need. 1x10=10 drive without traffic conscious occur be frequent many through easily know move go come It (a) ——difficult to drive in Bangladesh if you have no experience of (b) —— here. Drivers change lanes (c) ——. As a foreigner, you may find lane changing (d) —— signal quite distressing. Even drivers (e) —— defying rules. Many people are not at all (f)—— about traffic signals. They go around not (g) —— what may happen to them if accident (h) ——. Rickshaw and baby-taxis (i) —— in and out in a zigzag course and try to push (j) —— whenever they find some space. 10. Fill in the gaps with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10= 10 Bangladesh is a country (a) —— an area of 1,47,570 square kilometres. It is (b) —— with more than 120 million people. About one thousand people (c) —— per square kilometre. So it is a (d) —— populated country. The growth rate is very (e) —— which must be (f) —— immediately. If this rate (g) —— on unchecked, Bangladesh will (h) —— a great problem. So every one should (i) —— forward to (j)—— public consciousness. Part C: Guided Writing 11. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write out sentences in full. 2x6=12 A B C D (i) In Parambanan is themselves of walking on fire Indonesia worshippers (ii) Yoga do not considered a good to be possessed by think exercise gods (iii) Researchers can magic is the secret for controlling breathing (iv) Dancers of Ball consider pierce their bodies as long as they want (v) Fakirs believe to keep their heads with daggers buried in the ground (vi) Polynesian are able themselves to be under the spell firewalkers of 'mana' 12. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1x14=14 (i) As he was leaving the jar in despair, he noticed a heap of pebbles nearby. 

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(ii) But it had no effect. (iii)At last he found a jar in a garden. (iv) But it was at the bottom and out of his reach. (v) He flew from one place to another in search of water. (vi) He took some pebbles. (vii)Then he hit upon a plan. (viii)Then he flew away. (ix)Then he dropped the pebbles into the jar. (x)A crow was very thirsty and wanted to drink. (xi)When the water came to the mouth of the jar the crow drank his fill. (xii)As each pebble went down, the water in the jar rose up little by little. (xiii)The crow tried to turn the jar over and over again. (xiv)There was some water in the jar. 13. Write a paragraph of about 100 words based on the following questions. Your answers to the- questions should give as much detail as possible. 14 (a) Why is Bangladesh called a land of natural calamities? (b) What is the most common natural calamity here? (c) When does it occur? (d) What is the impact? (e) How do the people suffer? RAJSHAHI BOARD-2004 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER PART A: SEEN COMPREHENSION Read the passage below and answer the questions 1 — 4: Education is the process by which our mind develops through formal learning at an institution like a school, college or university. It is mental and intellectual training which provides opportunities of growth and helps to meet challenges and overcome obstacles to progress. Again, the purpose of education is to enlighten the individual and to develop his/her capacity to the limit. It is also the business of education to train individuals to make the right choices to go ahead. It ennobles our mind and refines our sensibility. It also broadens our outlook and helps us become aware of our rights and responsibilities. According to Newman, education "gives a man a clear conscious view of his own opinions and judgments, a truth in developing them, an eloquence in expressing them and a force in using them." Therefore, it is often compared to light which removes the darkness of ignorance and helps us distinguish between right and wrong. Ex-President Julius Nyerere of Tanzania way back in 1974 said at an international conference that the primary purpose of education was the liberation of man from the restrictions of habits and attitudes which limit his humanity. He further said education should promote humanity and universal brotherhood and that it could be used as a catalyst for a change for the better. How right he was! 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1x5=5 (a) The aim of education is to diminish/illuminate/subside the individual. (b) Education helps a man to take/differentiate between/appreciate right and wrong. 

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(c) Education limits/widens/extends our outlook. (d) Education makes us vigilant/conscious/tactful of our rights, and responsibilities. (e) The statement of Julius Nyerere was farcical/humorous/appropriate. 2. True/False. If false, give the correct information. 1x5=5 (a) A good relationship and understanding is possible without education. (b) An educated man becomes conscious of his rights and responsibilities. (c) Education aims at our physical development, (d) Education helps to drive away the darkness of ignorance. (e) Educational institutions give us formal learning. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words. Add prepositions if necessary. 1x5=5 (a) Education trains us (mental) ——. (b) Formal education helps the (develop) —— our mind. (c) Education gives a man (conscious) —— his own opinion and judgment. (d) Education aims at (enlighten) —— an individual. (e) Education is essential for the (remove) —— of darkness of ignorance. 4. Make a list of five benefits about education. 1x5=5 Read the passage below and answer question Nos. 5—8: Fires swept over the prairies any time during practically ten months a year, although the worst were usually in the fall, with the grass standing high and rich in oily seeds. The prairie fires could be set by lightning, by the carelessness of greenhorns in the country, by sparks from the railroads, and by deliberate malice. Once started, the heat of the fire created a high wind that could sweep it over a hundred miles of prairie in an incredibly short time. Settlers soon learned to watch the horizon for the curling smoke rising from prairie grass. At the first sign of this, everyone hurried to the flames with water barrels, gunnysacks, hoes and particularly ploughs to dig furrows so as to prevent the fire from spreading. Even more important was the awareness of the danger ahead of time, early enough so fireguards were ploughed around the homestead, at least around the building. 5. Write short answers to the questions below. 1x5=5 (a) What are the causes of prairie fires? (b) What do you understand by "Prairie"? (c) Which part of the world do you think this passage refers to? (d) What did the settlers do when they sensed a fire? (e) Give a title to the passage. 2. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1x5=5 Prairie caught fire for a good (a) —— reasons. Railroads, lightning’s and deliberate malice were a few to (b) ——. Everyone (c) —— to run over to the place of fire with water barrels, gunnysacks, etc. Some with ploughs dug furrows to stop the fire. Once started, the heat of the fire (d) —— a great area and (e) —— the people. 7. Summarise prairie fire in five sentences. 1x5=5 8. Based on the reading of the passage make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow- chart showing how prairie fires can be prevented. (No. 1 has been done for you) 1x5=5 1. much awareness of the people

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Part B: Vocabulary 9. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical change if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need. 1x10=10 discuss go happy gossip cook neighbour experience use bother visit please household chores trouble Mrs. Zaman is a house wife. She loves (a) ——. She lives in an apartment block. There are seven more families in the building. She has an (b) —— cook. So she does not have to do any (c) ——. Almost everyday around eleven o'clock, she (d) —— to visit one of her (e) —— in the apartments mostly to gossip. Most of the housewives she (f) —— do not have much domestic help and they (g) —— this time to cook, clean or do other household (h) ——.But Mrs. Zaman does not seem to be (i) ——. She does not mind (j) —— the personal matters of one family with another. 10. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 A large number of people (a) —— English all over the world. Some people use it as a (b) —— language and some people take it as a (c) —— language. Many international (d) ——depend on English to (e) ——with offices in different countries. Their advertisements published in different (f) —— are always in (g) ——. They also want people who possess a good (h) —— knowledge of English. People seeking employment (i) —— expect to get good jobs without (j) —— English. Part C: Guided Writing 11. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write out the sentences in full. 2x6=12 A B C D (i) Robinson Crusoe wanted that he should go at all (ii) His father did not want to be a sailor England (iii) He ran away From home from his boyhood (iv) He was born him to study law (v) His father wanted in one day (vi) He did not like the idea to sea 12. The following sentences are jumbled. Rewrite the sentences in the proper order and in one paragraph to make a story. 1x14=14 (i) He bought a cat to kill the mice. (ii) They were doing a lot of mischief there. (iii)There was an old house in a village. (iv) The mice were in great difficulty. (v) There lived a number of mice in that house. (vi) At this all remained silent, as there was none to tie the bell round the cat's neck.

(vii) All the mice thanked the young mouse for his plan. (viii) Several proposals were made but none of the proposals was good. (ix) At last a young mouse rose to speak. (x) The master of the house was very annoyed and made a plan to get rid of them. (xi) They could not move freely as before. 

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(xii) They held a meeting to discuss the matter and find a way to be free from this danger. (xiii) He said, "I have a good plan for your consideration. Let us tie a bell round the cat's neck. Then we will hear him coming and be able to hide ourselves in time." (xiv) But an old mouse stood up and said, "No doubt the idea is good. But who will tie the bell?" 13. Write a paragraph of around 100 words based on the following questions. Your answers should give as much detail as possible. 1x14=14 (a) Why is English called an International Language? (b) Why should we learn English? (c) What do you think about the necessity of grammar in learning English? (d) How does your English textbook help you learn English?

JESSORE BOARD-2004 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER PART A: SEEN COMPREHENSION Read the passage below and answer the questions 1 — 4: The unit by which the loudness of sound is measured is called a decibel. According to the UN, the normal tolerance limit of sound is 45 decibels. When the vibration of sound is at a tolerable, pleasant level, it is simply called sound. But when it is sharp and harsh to the ears it becomes noise. Serious harm can be caused to people if they are regularly exposed to sounds exceeding 70 decibels. Because of the growth of urban population and the increasing use of machines in our everyday life there has been a general increase in the level of sound around us. On an average, people in the cities are exposed to sounds ranging from 30 to 90 decibels or even more. A study in Japan has found that housewives who live in the city were exposed to almost the same amount of sound that a factory worker was exposed to at his/her workplace. The occupations that the study found to be the noisiest were factory work, truck driving and primary school teaching. 1. Choose the best answer from the alternatives. 1x5=5 (a) Decibel is connected with physics/geography/history. (b) Sound is milder/sharper/more unwholesome than noise. (c) Regular exposure to sounds more than 70 decibels is not bad/good/harmful. (d) The growth of population poses a threat to our sanitation/economy/health. (e) Truck drivers are victims to accidents/sound pollution/traffic jam. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information. 1x5=5 (a) Sound pollution is acute in pastoral areas. (b) Sounds exceeding to 70 decibels is detrimental to man. (c) Noise is beyond the control of man. (d) In Japan primary education is free from sound pollution. (e) The difference between sound and noise depends upon the nature of vibration. 

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3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of words in brackets. Add any preposition if necessary. 1x5=5 (a) Decibel is a unit of (measure) —— sound. (b) Development of public (aware) —— is necessary to control sound pollution. (c) A study in Japan has found that housewives who (live) —— the city were exposed to more sound. (d) Town areas are (noise) —— than remote areas. (e) In Japan housewives (live) —— the city were in danger of sound pollution. 4. Make a list of five things that cause sound pollution. 1x5=5 Read the passage below and answer questions 5—8: Education is the process by which our mind develops through formal learning at an institution like a school, college or university. It is mental and intellectual training which provides opportunities of growth and helps to meet challenges and overcome obstacles to progress. Again, the purpose of education is to enlighten the individual and to develop his/her capacity to the limit. It is also the business of education to train individuals to make the right choices to go ahead. It ennobles our mind and refines our sensibility. It also broadens our outlook and helps us become aware of our rights and responsibilities. 5. Write short answers to these questions about education. 1x5= 5 (a) What is education? (b) What do the schools, colleges and universities do? (c) What is the purpose of education? (d) Does education make our mind noble? (e) How can we meet challenges and overcome obstacles to progress? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1x5= 5 Education enlightens mankind. Newman says. “—— gives a man a clear conscious view of his own opinions and judgments, a —— in developing them, an eloquence in expressing them, and a force in using them." It is often —— to light which removes the —— of ignorance and helps us distinguish between right and wrong. President Julius Nyerere of Tanzania way back in 1974 said in an international conference that the primary purpose of education was the liberation of man from the —— of habits and attitudes which limit his humanity. 7. Summarise the purpose of education in five sentences. 1x5= 5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow chart showing what education does. (No. I has been done for you) 1x5= 5 1. Education enlightens mankind

Part B: Vocabulary 9. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical change if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need. 1x10= 10 present even television common BTV source interest educative numerous distance Television has become the most (a) –––– and most wide spread (b) –––– of entertainment of the (c) –––– world. A wide range of programmes of varied (d) –––– is telecast on (e) —— channels. Almost every middle class and (f) –––– working 

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class families have a (g) —— set today. Television programmes are not only entertaining; they can be highly (h) —— too. For example, television is used for (i) —— learning. Courses run by the Open University are shown on (j) —— by them. 10. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap: 1xl0 = 10 Amin is a young man of 20 years. His parents were very poor. They could not provide his educational (a) ——. Amin passed the SSC Examination. He thought that he (b) —— not be able to continue his studies. He thought that he would get (c) —— in poultry and cultivation of fish. He got himself admitted into Youth Development Training Center and after (d) —— training he (e) —— an amount of money from a bank. He (f) —— a poultry farm. He was (g) —— profits. Then he started fish cultivation (h) —— brought huge (i) —— for him. He is no more an (j) —— man rather he can provide people with work. Part C: Guided Writing 11. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write out the sentences in full. 2x6=12 A B C D (i) The and the decrease is the located in the south of Sundarbans in uncontrolled Bangladesh. (ii) The tigers for their their own felling of trees in the forest extinction areas. (iii) This hunt on canals and and not in a pack. nocturnal beast creeks is (iv) Tigers hunts only when it is are responsible for the usually diminishing of tigers. (v) Illegal with its 6,000 sq. victim to devious poachers. poaching km of (vi) The main Fall the number of hungry or feels threatened. reason preys 12. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and make a continuous paragraph to make a story. 14 (i) She was glad to have a meal. (ii) He told his wife about a poor helpless Beduin woman. (iii)The Caliph offered her food which they had brought with them. (iv) On hearing the fact, his wife expressed her eagerness to set out immediately for helping her fellow woman. (v) She heard that the Caliph Omar (R) was a harsh man. (vi) After a while they reached the house of the Beduin woman. (vii) His wife was still waiting for her husband. (viii) It was past midnight when the Caliph returned home. (ix) When they went, they took with them some food. (x) Then they entered into a conversation on life and teachings of the Prophet (Sm). (xi) She expressed her feelings towards them. (xii) The Beduin restlessly walked up and down. (xiii) Now she bowed low in gratitude to the Caliph. 

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(xiv) Later on she learnt that the visitor was the Caliph. 13. Write a paragraph introducing Bangladesh to a foreigner who does not have much idea about our country : 14 (a) Where is Bangladesh located? (b) When did she get her freedom? (c) Where is the capital of Bangladesh? (d) What are the different religions here? (e) What are some of the common customs and traditions that people follow? (f) What are the main tourist spots in Bangladesh? CHITTAGONG BOARD-2004 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER PART A: SEEN COMPREHENSION Read the passage below and answer the questions 1 — 4: How safe will the buildings in the city of Dhaka be in the event of an earthquake? Experts give no straight answer to this question, but call for taking adequate precautions to minimize losses. That Bangladesh lies in the active earthquake zone is not unknown to Bangladeshis. Alarmed by the recurrence of quakes during recent years, experts have called for the development of an earthquake resistant building code that all buildings should follow as mandatory. There are two schools of experts regarding earthquakes. One school comprising of engineers and geologists is of the view that the recurrence of quakes in recent years should be taken as a signal for a major earthquake. Another school comprising of similar categories of experts, however, believes that the concern should not be amplified, because although there are a number of fault lines in the geographical area comprising Bangladesh, none of them is active enough to pose a major threat. Yet none of the schools rules out the possibility of a major quake and the dangers that might be associated with it. The Rajdhani Unnayan Kartripakhya (RAJUK), responsible for a planned development of the city believes that an earthquake resistant building code should be developed to reduce the losses. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1x5=5 a) That Bangladesh is in the active earthquake zone is known/unknown/ unfamiliar to Bangladeshis. b) Experts are of the opinion that precautionary measures should be taken to increase/decrease/equalise losses. c) By the recurrence of earthquakes experts are encouraged/alarmed/ indifferent. d) In the passage the word 'pose' means to possess/expose/create. e) All buildings should follow earthquake resistant building code as compulsory/optional/peculiarity. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information. 1x5=5 a) Experts have given a clear answer to the question of safety of the buildings in Dhaka city during an earthquake. b) Bangladesh lies in the inactive earthquake zone. c) RAJUK should develop an earthquake resistant building code to decrease the losses. d) No fault lines are there in the geographical area comprising Bangladesh. 

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e) To minimise losses in-the event of an earthquake adequate precautions should be taken. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words in brackets. Add appropriate prepositions if necessary. 1x5=5 (a) All buildings should be built in a (plan) —— way. (b) The fault lines in the area covering Bangladesh are in (active) —— zone. (c) The two schools of experts do not rule out the (possible) —— major earthquakes. (d) The (amplify) —— of the concern of a major earthquake has been forbidden. (e) Experts have called for (develop) —— an earthquake resistant building code. 4. Match the phrases of Column A with the ones in Column B: 1x5=5 Column A Column B (a) Precautionary measures should be (i) Dhaka city engineers and geologists. taken (b) Regarding earthquake there are (ii) to minimise losses. (c) The schools comprise of (iii) hundreds of opinions. (d) They do not rule out the dangers (iv) associated with it. (e) RAJUK stands for (v) the Rajdhani Unnayan Kartripakhya. (vi) two schools of experts. Read the passage below and answer questions 5—8: Ayesha Begum has three sons and two daughters. Her husband was a landless farmer who used to work on other people's land. With great effort they married their daughters off by the time they reached teenage. The sons also started working with their father as day-labourers when they were old enough to help. By the time they were about seventeen years old, all of them had left to work in nearby towns to earn money. At first they used to send money to their parents occasionally, but after getting married they barely had enough to support their own families. Ayesha Begum and her husband are now old and feeble. Years of malnutrition and deprivation have made them look older than their years. All they are left with now is their broken little thatched house. Out of desperation Ayesha Begum has started begging in the village to feed her old, invalid husband and herself. She does not know what ails him, neither does she have the means to find out. She is too busy collecting food for survival. 5. Write short answers to the following questions. 1x5=5 (a) What did Ayesha Begum's husband do? (b) When did her sons start working? (c) Why did the sons stop sending money to their parents? (d) Why do Ayesha Begum and her husband look older than their ages? (e) How does Ayesha Begum now feed her husband and herself? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1x5=5 Ayesha Begum is (a) —— with three sons and two daughters. Henhusband (b) —— was a landless farmer used to work on other people's land. They married off their (c) —— daughters with great effort. The sons (d) —— to work with their father. But now Ayesha Begum and her husband are (e) —— of their rights. 7. Summarise the rights of which Ayesha Begum and her husband are deprived. 5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flowchart showing the troubles of Ayesha Begum. (No. 1 has been done for you) 1x5=5 

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1. Deplorable condition of husband

Part B: Vocabulary 9. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make grammatical change if necessary). 1x10= 10 warming cut rise anticipation habitats increase extinction recklessly severe imperative particularly catastrophe provide alarming The destruction of forests and other (a) —— is causing the (b) —— of various plants and animals everyday. In the last 25 years alone the world has lost one-third of its natural wealth. Forests are being (c) —— down. Moreover, they are being burnt (d) —— resulting in an (e) —— in carbon dioxide and ultimately the water level is (f) —— as a consequence of global (g) ——. It is (h) —— that the new century will face an overwhelming environment (i) ——. It is, therefore, (j) —— to check the reckless pollution of the environment. 10. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10= 10 For international communication a common language is (a) ——. There are many (b) —— for which English has achieved the (c) —— of being that language. Now English has (d) —— the national borders to (e) —— people who speak other languages. It is no longer the (f) —— possession of British or American or other native speakers, but a language that belongs to (g) —— people. This phenomenon has led to a (h) —— variety of English around the world. As more and more people speak English, more and more varieties have (i) —— which are strongly (j) —— by the pronunciation, grammar and idioms of the respective mother tongues. Part C : Guided Writing 11. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write out the sentences in full. 2x6=12 A B C D (a) Education in our has become Bangladesh is to be engaged in country already violence (b) Campus violence (c) It (d) The impact of such violence (e) It may easily (f)

The teachers

are getting concerned Us passing be said that

through a

of the students

almost a about the welfare

ignored stage of crisis

can

5 students are in the colleges and universities only hardly be

daily affair

appears that

educationally backward 12. Re-write the following jumbled sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1x14=14 (i) The guests praised the king. 

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(ii) This made the king very happy. (iii)But he was very hospitable. (iv) People loved him. (v) The king ordered the man to kill Hatem Tai and bring his head. (vi) So the king wanted to kill him. (vii) There lived a very kind man in Yemen. (viii) The king felt happy and proud. (ix) On the following day he sent one of his men to Hatem Tai. (x) The name of that kind man was Hatem Tai. (xi) One day the king gave a dinner. (xii) He was not rich, (xiii) They praised him more than their king. (xiv) The guests also praised Hatem Tai. 13. Write a paragraph of about 100 words based on the following questions. Your answers to the questions should give as much detail as possible. 14 What does the environment refer to? What elements make up the environment? What is the relation among different elements? What will happen if this relationship is disturbed? What is the necessity of maintaining ecological balance? Do you have any idea about its solution? BARISHAL BOARD-2004 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER PART A: SEEN COMPREHENSION Read the passage below and answer the questions 1 — 4: How safe will the buildings in the city of Dhaka be in the event of an earthquake? Experts give no straight answer to this question, but call for taking adequate, precautions to minimize losses. That Bangladesh lies in the active earthquake zone is, not unknown to Bangladeshis. Alarmed by the recurrence of quakes during recent years, experts have called for the development of an earthquake resistant building code that all buildings should follow as mandatory. There are two schools of experts regarding earthquakes. One school comprising of engineers and geologists is of the view that the recurrence of quakes in recent years should be taken as a signal for a major earthquake. Another school comprising of similar categories of experts, however, believes that the concern should not be I amplified, because although there are a number of fault lines in the geographical area comprising Bangladesh, none of them is active enough to pose a major threat. Yet none of the schools rules out the possibility of a major quake and the dangers that might be associated with it. The Rajdhani Unnayan Kartripakhya (RAJUK), responsible for a' planned development of the city believes that an earthquake resistant building code should be developed to reduce the losses. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1x5=5 

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(a) In case of an earthquake the buildings of the Dhaka city will be safe/saved/unsafe. (b) Bangladesh is a land lies/lying/lie in an active earthquake zone. (c) Experts are differ/difference/divided in their opinions. (d) Two schools of experts comprise/comprises/comprising similar categories of experts. (e) Experts give an interesting/instant/indirect answer to the question about the result of an earthquake. 2. True/False. If false, give the correct information. 1x5=5 (a) Adequate precautions can maximize the losses caused by an earthquake. (b) During the recent past, earthquakes recurred in Bangladesh. (c) The experts alarm the earthquakes. (d) The earthquake zone covering Bangladesh is inactive. (e) The opinions of the two schools of experts concerning earthquakes are dissimilar. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words in bracket. Add appropriate prepositions, if necessary. 1x5=5 (a) It is the (safe) —— the buildings that the experts are concerned about. (b) An earthquake resistant building code should (follow) —— strictly. (c) Bangladesh is (lie) —— in the active earthquake zone. (d) Recurrence of earthquakes is quite (alarm)___. (e) Experts call for taking precautions (adequate) ——. 4. In the light of the comprehension passage, make a list of five pieces of information about earthquakes. 1x5=5 Read the passage below and answer questions 5 - 8: The unit by which the loudness of sound is measured is called a decibel. According to the UN, the normal tolerance limit of sound is 45 decibels. When the vibration of sound is at a tolerable, pleasant level, it is simply called sound. But when it is sharp and harsh to the ears it becomes noise. Serious harm can be caused to people if they are regularly exposed to sounds exceeding 70 decibels. Because of the growth of urban population and the increasing use of machines in our everyday life there has been a general increase in the level of sound around us. On an average, people in the cities are exposed to sounds ranging from 30 to 90 decibels or even more. A study in Japan has found that housewives who live in the city were exposed to almost the same amount of sound that a factory worker was exposed to at his/her workplace. The occupations that the study found to be the noisiest were factory work, truck driving and primary school teaching. Many developing countries are trying to control sound pollution by careful town planning and developing public awareness. In Holland schools are not allowed near airports and houses which are situated near airports are provided with special types of insulation to limit the sound heard inside the buildings. 5. Write short answer to the following questions. 1x5=5 (a) What is the view of the UN about the tolerance limit of sound? (b) What is a decibel? (c) When does sound become a noise? (d) Why does the Japanese study consider the primary school environment noisy? (e) What is the range of sound in the cities of Bangladesh? 

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6. Fill in each gap with suitable words. 1x5=5 We (a)——the loudness of sound by a unit called a decibel. Sound is tolerable but noise is (b) ——. The level of sound around us has (c) ——. Growth of population and increasing use of machines (d) —— responsible for this. Many developed countries are controlling sound pollution in (e) —— ways. 7. Summarise the causes and effects of sound pollution in five sentences. 1x5=5 8. On the basis of your reading of the passage, make a short note in each blank box, showing the measures taken by the developed countries. 1x5=5 1. Town planning

Part B: Vocabulary 9. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need. 1x10=10 embrace introduce noticing introduction remain makes friend reputation noticeable make keep usual interpreted control The British have a (a) —— for (b) —— their emotions private. Some obvious things are (c) ——in British behaviour. For example, on public transport one passenger does not (d) —— talk to another passenger. On meeting, people do not (e) —— and often simply shake hands on a first (f) ——. In theatres, concert halls and cinemas, audiences (g) —— quiet during performances. None of these behaviour traits should be (h) —— as unfriendliness. If a visitor (i) —— the first move to start a conversation, he will find a British citizen rather (j) ——. 10. Fill in each gap with an appropriate word. 1x 10=10 Student life is a life of (a) —— for future struggle. To make him (b)—— for the struggle, education is necessary. So the first and foremost duty of a student (c) —— to prosecute his studies well. He who (d) —— his lessons regularly (e) —— well in the examination. On the (f) —— the student who wastes his time cuts a (g) —— figure. It should be (h) —— in mind that none can get back the (i) —— time. If the students neglect their studies they will suffer in the (j) —— run. Part C: Guided Writing 11. Match the phrases/clauses in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write the sentences in full. 2x6=12 A B C D (i) One day Jerry to know of the handle at his own cost (ii) The authoress broke the matter from her came (iii) For repairing it agreed to Jerry suddenly (iv) But Jerry said that the to repair it was defective wood (v) The authoress wanted accept the money from Jerry (vi) Only then he she offered the axe handle some money 

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12. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentence in the proper order and in a single paragraph to make a story. 1x14=14 (i) As he came near, the man said that he wanted some financial help. (ii) Hojja immediately replied, "Why have you made me climb all the way down stairs to ask for money instead of shouting from below?" (iii)Hojja was quite curious. (iv) Hojja decided to teach him a good lesson. (v) Suddenly he saw someone calling from below. (vi) At this Hojja became furious. (vii) He saw there a man standing at the foot of the stairs. (viii) One day Nasiruddin Hojja was mending a hole on the roof of his two-storey house. (ix) Being greatly annoyed, the man asked why Hojja had made him climb up the stairs only to say that he had no money. (x) The man was asking him to get down and listen to him. (xi) When they both got to the roof top. Hojja said to the man. Sorry. I have no money". (xii) He thought that the man had something important to say. (xiii) Therefore, he told the man to climb up the stairs with him. (xiv) So he climbed from the roof down the stairs. 13. Write a paragraph of about 150 words based on the following questions. Your paragraph should have a suitable title. 1x14=14 What is the name of the zoo you visited? When did you visit it? Where is it located? How big is the area of the zoo? How many kinds of birds and animals did you find there? What were the main attractions of the zoo? How long did you stay there? What was your feeling at that time? SYLHET BOARD-2004 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER PART A: SEEN COMPREHENSION Read the passage below and answer the questions 1 — 4: There have been significant changes in the types of entertainment over time. Many of these no longer exist. Even if they do, people keep looking for newer forms of entertainment, Thus snake charming, puppet shows, jatra, jarigan, sharigan and kabigan which were common forms of entertainment in the past, have almost lost their appeal. Radio, which used to be a good source of entertainment in the past, is now giving place to television and to satellite channels in particular. The entertainment business, like other spheres of life, is getting westernised day by day. Folk music or palligeeti is now sung with western instruments. At the same time, modern music is now fusing melodies from folk and traditional songs. In general, band and pop music is becoming more and more popular, particularly among the young generation. Sport has become a great source of entertainment today. Football, 

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which used to be the most popular spectator sport in Bangladesh, is gradually being replaced by cricket as a popular form of sports entertainment. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1x5=5 (a) Now, there are important/significant/remarkable changes in the forms of entertainment. (b) The traditional forms of entertainment have almost lost their power/charm/ attraction. (c) Folk music means the song of love/song of country/song of common masses. (d) Band music and pop music are chosen/preferred/wanted more and more by people. (e) There is also a western power/domination/influence on our entertainment business. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information. 1x5=5 (a) Our culture has been in a static condition for a long time. (b) Football is still very popular in our country. (c) Now, folk song is sung by western instrument. (d) The importance of entertainment cannot be ignored. (e) People have changed their taste both in sports and music. 3. Fill in the gaps with correct form of words. Add any preposition if necessary. 1x5=5 (a) We are (astonish) —— the present rate of change in entertainment. (b) People are (hanker) —— modern changes. (c) Significant changes have (take) —— place on the type of entertainment. (d) Sports have (turn) —— a source of entertainment. (e) Now, we can see the (grow) —— influence of western music and culture in our life. 4.

Mention five points on the changing form of entertainment in Bangladesh.

1x5=5

Read the passage below and answer questions .from 5—8: Working opportunities for women are very few in rural areas of Bangladesh. They usually spend their time doing their household chores. The ILO recently started a project titled "Technologies for Rural Employment with Special Reference to Women and Sustainable Development". The aim of this project is to impart training to rural women in various activities and make them self-reliant. Sakhina Begum is a beneficiary of this project. She attended a training course on food processing at the Bangladesh Agriculture Research Institute (BARI) at Gazipur. Sakhina has two school-going children. Her husband is a rickshaw-puller who does not earn enough to support the family and pay for the children's education. From the BARI training course, Sakhina learnt how to make jam, jelly, pickles, popcorn and many other food items. Along with her fellow project beneficiaries, she is now producing these items and selling them in the local market. With the proceeds, she is now able to add to her family income. If they continue doing their work, Sakhina and other women working with her will surely see happier days with the new employment opportunities created by the ILO project. 5. Write short answers to the following questions. 1x5=5 (a) How do the village women pass their time? (b) Can these village women earn any cash money? (c) How can these women be made earning hands? (d) What training does Sakhina get from BARI? 

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(e) What is ILO doing for these village women? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1x5=5 (a) The condition of village women beggars (a)——.Something (b) —— should be done to change their lot. ILO has come forward with a view to (c)—— women's skill. They (d) —— training for the rural women. Sakhina is also a (e)—— of such project. 7. Summarise five objectives of ILO project. 1x5=5 8. Make short notes to fill in each box in the flow chart showing Sakhina changes. The first one is done. 1x5=5 1. Got ILO project training

Part B: Vocabulary 9. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical change if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need. 1x10=10 mail operation nature between computer distribute know individual base electronic terminal difference communication by Electronic mail, popularly (a) —— as 'e-mail', is the communication of textual messages via (b) —— means. Although telex (c) –––- is also electronic in (d) ——, there are differences (e) –––– a telex and 'e-mail'. While telex communication is (f) — — to terminal, electronic mail communication is user to user via the (g) ——. In telex, messages destined to a number of users are sent to the same terminal from where it is (h) —— in a printed form by an operator. On the other hand, e-mail is delivered to (i) —— electronic mail boxes (j) —— in computers. 10. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Atom bomb was first (a) —— on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in World War II. When the first bomb (b) ––––, the world knew for the first time that man (c) —— at long last been in possession of a force (d) —— in all respects. The atom bomb (e) ——. But alas! the superhuman energy has been (f) —— against mankind. One single bomb (g) —— the (h) —— town Hiroshima and another bomb Nagasaki. There had (i) — — many children, women and patients not (j) —— in the problems of the war. Part C: Guided Writing 11. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make six sensible sentences. Write the sentences in full. 2x6=12 A B C D (i) Farmers carry the river water for dry seasons. (ii) Irrigation is built in India and in different parts of the world. Ceylon (iii) Canals were used their fields when there is very little rain. (iv) Dams have to easy enough if there is a great river near the irrigate fields (v) A dam across a is to store water about 2,500 years ago. river (vi) Earthdams have been for centuries to the fields when necessary. built 

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12.The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1x14=14 (i) He earned a lot of money from his dynamite business. (ii) He was an engineer. (iii) The 'Nobel Prize1 has been being given since 1901. (iv) In 1850 Alfred joined his father's company. (v) This award was named after Alfred Nobel. (vi) Dr. Alfred Nobel was born on 21st October, 1833 at Stockholm, Sweden. (vii)He had ammunition business at Leningrad. (viii)He undertook a plan to give an award for encouraging the creative work. (ix) His father Emanuel Nobel was an architect and researcher. (x) After some years Alfred Nobel invented dynamite. (xi) The Prize is given every year. (xii)So it was called the 'Nobel Prize'. (xiii)The award was also given for setting up peace in the world. (xiv)The prize has immortalized his name. 13. Write a paragraph of about 100 words based on the following questions. Your answers to the questions should give as much detail as possible. 14 (a) What is a kitchen garden? (b) Where is your one? (c) When are you busy here? (d) What do you cultivate? (e) How does it help your family? DHAKA BOARD-2003 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER PART A: SEEN COMPREHENSION Read the passage below and answer the questions 1 — 4: Statistics show that about 350 million people speak English as a first language and another 300 million use it as a second language. It is the official or semi-official language in more than 60 countries and of many international organisations. The International Olympic Committee, for example, always holds meetings in English. English helps the international community and the business world to communicate across national borders. Today, more than 80% of all the information in the world's computers is in English, so organisations frequently need employees who speak and write a standard form of English. In fact some companies provide English language training for their staff. It is therefore little wonder that job advertisements nowadays often ask for a 'good working knowledge' of English. Many believe now that English usually helps them to get good jobs and better salaries. 1. Choose the right word/expression to complete each sentence. 1x5=5 (a) First language means the important/main/natural language. (b) A second language is one that is taught and learnt regarding it as next in importance to the mother tongue/a foreign language/ a dead language. (c) The number of people who use English as a second language is about 300/350/250 million. (d) International Olympic Committee always holds its meetings in French/ English/ Spanish. 

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(e) English is used as official or semi-official language in more than 60/50/70 countries. 2. True/false? If false, give the correct information. 1x5=5 (a) Nowadays more than eighty per cent of all the information in the world's computers is in English. (b) Many nowadays get good jobs because they know English. (c) Many international organisations often use different languages. (d) A good knowledge of English is necessary for a good job. (e) No companies arrange training for their staff to make them able to use English well. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words in brackets. Add any preposition if necessary. 1x5=5 (a) Statistics show that English is (speak) —— as a first language by 350 million people. (b) The International Olympic Committee (use) —— English in its meetings. (c) English (help) —— communicate across national borders. (d) More than 80% of all the information in the world's computers (be) —— in English. (e) Employers nowadays want applicants (have) —— a good working knowledge of English. 4. Make a list of five reasons why English is important. 1x5=5 Read the passage below and answer questions: 5 — 8. Two friends, Raghib and Adeeb, wanted to learn how to ride a cycle. Adeeb bought a book called How to Ride a Cycle and started reading it. On the other hand, Raghib took out his cycle on the street and started trying to ride it. He fell off several times and Adeeb laughed at him. However, by the time Adeeb finished the first chapter of his book. Raghib was riding his cycle fairly well. Adeeb knew how the cycle worked but did not know how to use it. Raghib did not need to know everything about how his cycle worked but he knew how to use it from first-hand experience. Learning a language is like riding a cycle. The most important thing about any language is communication. You learn to communicate effectively by using a language, by doing things with it, and by experiencing it. You can learn English in the same way that Raghib learnt to ride a cycle. Don't worry if people laugh at you when you make mistakes. You can certainly learn through mistakes. 5. Write short answer to the following questions. 1x5=5 (a) What did Raghib & Adeeb want to do? (b) What did Raghib do to learn how to ride a cycle? (c) What did Adeeb know by the time Raghib had learnt to ride his bicycle fairly well? (d) How is learning a language like learning how to ride a bicycle? (e) What should you not do if people laugh at you when you make mistakes? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1x5=5 Karirn, a student, wanted to (a) —— a bicycle and bought a book entitled 'How to Ride a Bicycle'. He read it for several days but did not get much help from it. Then he carefully watched a friend getting on his bicycle and (b) —— it. The next day he took out his new bicycle and tried to ride it. He failed several times but in two days he succeeded in riding his bicycle. After a few days he was able to ride his bicycle quite 

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(c) ——. One day someone told him that learning a language was like (d) —— to ride a bicycle. From that day on he started to note how people arrange words to make sentences. He also read a few story books, noting the arrangement of words in the stories. Then he started to speak and write English. He made many (e) —— but he did not lose heart. Finally he learnt to speak and write simple correct English. 7. Summarise what Raghib and Adeeb did to learn how to ride a bicycle in five sentences. 1x5=5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow chart showing how a language can be learnt. (No. 1 has been done for you) 1x5=5 1. Taking out cycle

Part B: Vocabulary 9. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need. 1x10=10 add breathe need plant prevent preserve grow produce protect provide take give wash gather Trees are very useful to humans. They (a) ———— the rich top soil from being (b) ———— away by rain water and floods. You can see trees being (c) ———— along mountain slopes, on roadsides, in parks and gardens. Trees give us shade. They (d) — ——— life to a place with their colourful flowers, beautiful leaves, fruits and thick trunks. They (e) ———— shelters for birds and animals. They give us timber, medicine, paper, gum and many other useful things. They (f) ———— in carbon dioxide and (g) ———— oxygen. As you know by now man (h) ———— oxygen to (i) ———— and live. Trees are our best friends. We should (j) ———— them and plant more trees around us. 10. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Housing is one of the (a) —— problems of our (b) —— . Thousands of people in big (c) —— like Dhaka and Chittagong dwell on the footpaths. In rural (d) —— also there is an acute (e) —— of houses. The cost of construction is (f) ——everyday. At present it is very (g) —— for the common (h) —— to afford the (i) —— of construction. This problem needs to be (j) —— immediately. Part C: Guided Writing Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write out the sentences in full. 2x6=12 A (i) All of you (ii) He (iii) His good work and courage (iv) His mission

B C D raised the greatest man and fearful. have heard to conquer to a high position. remained the name of in the country. became

him

Napoleon. 

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(v)

(vi) France under him

was entered

the French army the neighbouring countries. very powerful as an ordinary soldier.

12. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Rewrite the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 1x14=14 (i) He was born in Jilan in Iraq. (ii) She was very pious and taught him many important and religious things. (iii) Hazrat Abdul Quader was a famous religious figure in Islam. (iv) His mother decided to send him to Baghdad with a view to educating him there. (v) His father died even before his birth. (vi) The boy left for Baghdad with a caravan of merchants, but on their way a gang of robbers fell upon them and looted their money. (vii) That time the roads were unsafe; often gangs of robbers fell upon the travellers and plundered their belongings and money. (viii) One of the robbers said the small boy might have something with him. (ix) At the time of sending, his mother sewed forty gold coins in his shirt and advised him never to tell a lies. (x) The boy said, "Mother has advised me never to tell a lie even in danger." (xi) The leader felt surprised and said. "You might not have disclosed the fact." (xii) Boy Abdul Quader spoke out, "No, no, I have forty gold coins sewed in my shirt." (xiii) The robbers felt ashamed of their deeds and gave up robbery. (xiv) The gang leader said that perhaps the boy had nothing with him. 13. Write a paragraph of about 100 words based on the following questions. Your answers to the questions should give as much detail as possible. 14 How did you celebrate the Eid-ul-Fitr this year? What did you find your mother and sisters doing in the morning of the Eid day? What did you do in the morning? What did you find when you went to the Eidgah? What kind of feast was arranged at your residence for this occasion? How did you spend the afternoon? COMILLA BOARD-2003 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER PART A: SEEN COMPREHENSION Read the passage below and answer the questions: Humans, animals and plants are all important elements of the natural environment. But humans are cruelly destroying plants and animals and thereby creating a danger for us all. The destruction of forests and other habitats is causing the extinction of various plants and animals everyday. These losses are particularly severe in the areas of tropical forests which cover only 7% of the surface of the globe, but which provide the living space for between 50% and 80% of all our wildlife. Many wild animals and birds such as pandas, bears, tigers, alligators, whales, wolves, eagles, falcons, kites and buzzards are faced with the threat of extinction today. Their decline has been 

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accelerated by the destruction of their feeding and nesting places, by the collection of eggs, and above all by the widespread use of chemicals and pesticides which enter their food chains leading to sterility and mass deaths. Hunting of birds and animals is another cause of their extinction. Men kill birds for food and feather, hunt big cats to make fur coats and slaughter alligators and other reptiles for shoes and bags. In addition, whale hunting has also drastically reduced the number of blue whales in the 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1x5=5 (a) Humans are destroying plants and animals which are good /useful /dangerous to us. (b) The tropical forests cover about 70/17/7 per cent of the surface of the earth. (c) Most of the wild animals live in the tropical /sub tropical /coastal forests. (d) Hunting of birds is a cause of their destruction /increase /extinction. (e) Whale hunting has reduced the number of blue whales in the Indian /Pacific/ Atlantic Ocean. 2. True/false? If false, give the correct information. 1x5=5 (a) Humans, animals and plants are ordinary elements of natural environment. (b) Losses of plants and animals are severe in the tropical region. (c) Men kill birds for food and feathers. (d) In order to protect environment we should not protect our wildlife. (e) Sterility among the birds is caused by destruction of forests. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words. Add any preposition if necessary. 1x5=5 (a) (Destroy) —— forests has a very bad effect on the wild animals. (b) They (lose) —— their breeding places. (c) Their food chain is also (affect) —— the widespread use of chemicals. (d) Many wild animals (face) —— with the threat of extinction. (e) (Hunt) —— animals should be restricted by the government. 4. Match the words/phrases of Column A with the ones of Column B and put them in complete sentences. 1x5=5 Column A Column B (a) Their decline has been accelerated (i) we should protect our wildlife. (b) Hunting of birds and animals is (ii) is to be kind to mankind. (c) In order to protect our environment (iii) drastically reduced. (d) To be kind to animals (iv) by destruction of their habitat. (e) Whale hunting has also (v) another cause of their extinction. (vi) threat of extinction today. Read the passage below and answer the questions: When you are crossing the road and your vehicle gets stuck in a seemingly neverending jam in Dhaka city, every few minutes a boy or a girl comes to you and tries to sell a bunch of roses or rajanigandha saying, "Bhaiya/Apa, please buy these flowers". They do not tire and will pursue you relentlessly, at least as long as the jam lasts. If you are alone they will say that you must take the flowers for their bhabis—meaning your girlfriend or wife. You often get annoyed at their ways and shout at them. It has very little effect and often you are forced to accept their demand and console yourself 

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by thinking that it was after all a good bargain. However, how they manage to sell the flowers at such a cheap price really bewilder you. And they are not very forthcoming with their answer, if you ask them. These kids are seen in some particular spots of the city. The Sheraton and the Panthapath roads of Dhaka city are two such places. Invariably, you may find an interesting character or two among them. There is this guy who is something of a sardar among the flower peddlers at Kawran Bazar. He is perhaps the smallest of the bunch but he rules his disciples with an iron hand. 5. Write short answer to these questions about the flower peddlers: 1x5=5 (a) What request will the flower peddler make to you? (b) Why will you often get annoyed? (c) Where are they generally seen? (d) What may have caused them to sell flowers? (e) Do you feel pity for them? Why? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words: 1x5=5 In Bangladesh, the existing law cannot (a) —— the child oppression. The children have to (b) —— their own livelihood. In (c) —— spots of Dhaka city one can see young boys and girls selling flowers in the (d) ——jam. It is very (e) —— that we can't ensure them a better life. 7. Summarise the struggles of the street children. 5 8. Based on the reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow chart showing struggles of life of the flower peddlers. (No. 1 has been done for you) 1x5=5 1. Poverty, their constant companion

Part B: Vocabulary 9. Fill in the blanks with suitable words from the box (make changes if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need. 1x10=10 flower job farming raising also sectors means opportunities engage create oneself easily rearing many Self-employment means to create (a) —— opportunity for (b) —— by one's own effort. Various government organizations are trying to (c) —— a congenial atmosphere for self-employment. Different NGO's have (d) —— rendered their help. Livestock (e) ——, agricultural (f) ——, poultry (g) —— are some of the (h) ——. There are many (i) —— for self-employment in Bangladesh. One can (i) —— engage oneself in these jobs. 10. Fill in the gaps with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Money is power and can do much good and evil. It gives (a) —— and delight. It (b) —— do everything. A person (c) —— is a person to be pitied. Nobody pays (d) —— respect to him. His friends do not (e) —— him. He has to depend on the (f)——of others. In order to (g) —— money, he does a lot of jobs. It is a must (h) —— our life. But it does not necessarily (i) —— happiness. Happiness is absolutely a (j) —— matter. Part C: Guided Writing 

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11. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write the sentences in full. 2x6=12 A B C D (i) Deprivation of in the three dimensions in Bangladesh basic human need developing of poverty countries (ii) There live do not have of poverty (iii) The consequences is probably — hunger is often enough to eat of it deadly (iv) 8 hundred million is also wide low life social, economic people spread and expectancy and political. (v)

Poverty

(vi) About 45% of the are population

the universal definition under acute poverty

in this country. and illiteracy.

12. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Rewrite the sentences in the proper order in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 14 (i) The hare was always proud of his speed. (ii) The next day the hare and the tortoise reached the venue. (iii)One day he challenged the tortoise to defeat him in a race. (iv) The hare ran very swiftly. (v) Long ago there lived a hare in a forest. (vi) They got ready. (vii) The hare always teased the tortoise. (viii) Covering much, the hare took rest. (ix) A tortoise also lived nearby. (x) They went to a fox and wanted him to act as a judge. (xi) He decided to take rest for sometime. (xii) The tortoise accepted the challenge. (xiii) As the fox waved the flag, the two started running. (xiv) But the tortoise ran very slowly. 13. Write a paragraph of about 100 words based on the following questions. Your answer to the questions should give as much detail as possible. 14

What's your idea about leisure? How do village and city people spend their leisure? What are the common sports and pastimes? What do you know about the late winter activities of the people? How do you evaluate traveling? RAJSHAHI BOARD-2003 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER

Part A: Seen Comprehension Read the passage below and answer question No 1 — 4: 'Communicative competence' refers to the ability to use language appropriately in different circumstances. There are two ways of developing communicative 

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competence in a language. The first is acquisition which is similar to the way people develop ability in their mother tongue. It is a natural, subconscious process in which users are not usually aware of acquiring a language. They are aware only of the fact that they are using the language to communicate. In non-technical terms, acquisition is 'picking up' a language spontaneously. It may also be called 'implicit' learning. On the other hand, the second way of developing communicative competence in a language is learning that language. It refers to conscious knowledge of a language, knowing the rules of language use, being aware of using them, and being able to talk about them. In non-technical terms, learning is to know consciously about a language. It may be described as 'explicit' learning. Language specialists believe that acquiring a language is more successful and longer, lasting than learning it. Therefore, teachers these days encourage learners of a second language to practise and experience the language in different situations where they are involved in communicating with others. And that is exactly what the tasks in 'English For Today' are designed to do. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1x5=5 (a) Communicative competence indicates/defers/discourages the ability to use language appropriately. (b) Communicative competence can be developed/mastered/development in two ways. (c) Language specialists believe that learning a language is not so successful as/like/than acquiring it. (d) Acquisition likens/clashes/relates to the way people develop ability in their mother tongue. (e) Learning is something natural/explicit/implicit. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information. 1x5=5 (a) We are acquiring English. (b) People learn a second language unconsciously. (c) The passage shows the difference between acquisition and learning. (d) Acquisition is easier than learning. (e) Explicit learning is a subconscious process. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words in brackets. Add prepositions if necessary. 1x5=5 (a) The power of (use) — language properly means communicative competence. (b) Every person learns his or her mother tongue (natural) ——. (c) Learners of a second language are (encourage) —— their teachers. (d) Picking up means (spontaneously) —— learning of a language. (e) The (believe) —— the language specialists is right. 4. Make a list of five things about developing communicative competence in a second language. 1x5=5 Read the passage below and answer question No 5 — 8: There have been significant changes in the types of entertainment over time. Many of these no longer exist. Even if they do, people keep looking for newer forms of entertainment. Thus snake charming, puppet shows, jatra, jarigan, sharigan and kabigan which were common forms of entertainment in the past, have almost lost their appeal. Radio which used to be a good source of entertainment in the past, is now giving place to television and to satellite channels in particular. The entertainment business, like other spheres of life, is getting westernised day by day. 

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Folk music or palligeeti is now sung with western instruments. At the same time, modern music is now fusing melodies from folk and traditional songs. In general, band and pop music is becoming more and more popular, particularly among the young generation. Sport has become a great source of entertainment today. Football, which used to be the most popular spectator sport in Bangladesh, is gradually being replaced by cricket as a popular form of sports entertainment. 5. Write short answers to the following questions about entertainment. 1x5=5 (a) Is there any change in the field of entertainment in our country? (b) What were the common forms of entertainment in the past? (c) What is the position of radio now? (d) Are the common forms of entertainment popular as before? (e) Which sport is gradually taking the place of football? 6. Fill in each gap with suitable word. 1x5=5 Change is the (a) —— of the day. Everything (b) —— in course of time. What is new today will grow old tomorrow. In the same way we notice changes in the matter of (c) ——. At present our people find little (d) —— in jarigan, sharigan and kabigan. Our melodious and meaningful Bangla songs are yielding place (e) —— the vociferous pop songs. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences. 1x5=5 8. On the basis of your reading of the passage, make a short note in each of the boxes in the flow chart showing how changes are taking place in the sphere of entertainment. (No. 1 has been done for you) 1x5=5 1. Noticeable changes in the forms of entertainment.

Part B : Vocabulary 9. Fill in each gap with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical change, if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need. 1x10=10 veil knock looking saw sweet perfection dress trade against thinking indeed perfect live beautiful Once upon a time, there (a) —— in the city of Baghdad a young bachelor who was by (b) ——a porter. One day, he sat in the market place leaning idly (c) —— his basket. A young woman (d) —— in rare silks and cloaked in a gold-embroidered mantle, stopped before him and gently raised her (e) ——. Beneath it there showed dark eyes with long lashes and lineaments of (f) —— beauty. "Lift up your basket, porter", she said in a (g) —— voice, "and follow me." At once the porter took up his basket, (h) —— to himself; "This is (i) —— a lucky day " He followed her until she stopped at the door of a house and (j) ——. 10. Fill in each blank with an appropriate word. 1x10=10 One day a grocer borrowed a balance and weights from a fruit seller. After a few days the fruit seller asked the grocer to (a) —— his balance and weights to him. The grocer said, "I am sorry to say that the mice ate away your balance and weights." The fruit seller became very (b) —— at the (c) —— excuse of the dishonest grocer. Then one day the fruit seller said to the grocer, "I am (d) —— to the town to do some shopping. Please send your son with me to (e) —— my things. We will come back tomorrow." So the grocer (f) —— his son with the fruit seller. The next day the fruit 

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seller returned alone from the town. "Where is my son?" asked the grocer. "A crow carried your son away," replied the fruit seller. How can a crow (g) —— away such a big boy?" The grocer shouted angrily. "Just the same way as the mice can (h) —— away the balance and weights," said the fruit seller. The grocer (i) —— the point. He returned the balance and weights to the fruit seller. Then the fruit seller sent the boy (j) —— to his father. Part C: Guided Writing 11. Match the phrases/clauses in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write the sentence in full. 2x6=12 A B C D (i) The ancient opened flying until they arrived in cold mariner grey seas (ii) He and the other being the marriage towards the ship sailors guest (iii) The big white sails an as a bird of good omen of their ship albatross (iv) The weather told very cold, there about his last journey on the were sea (v) One day the welcomed to the south blew them quickly through sailors saw it the icy waters (vi) All of them sailed wide, as the no birds or animals in the away strong wind sea 12. The following sentences are jumbled. Rewrite the sentences in the proper order and in one paragraph to make a story. 1x14=14 (i) They looked for him here and there for sometime. (ii) Once the queen of Belgium invited him to Brussels. (iii)So they went back to the queen and informed her that Einstein had not come by tram. (iv) "I did not think that anybody would send a car for me," replied the great scientist with a smile. (v) But understandably, they failed to find him out. (vi) Einstein, the great scientist, was simple in his ways of life. (vii) He travelled to Brussels by train and got down at the station. (viii) "But 1 can assure you that I have greatly enjoyed the walk," said Einstein. (ix) They never imagined that this shabby man would be Einstein himself. (x) Einstein however walked the whole way with a suitcase in one hand and a violin in the other. (xi) The officials also expected to see somebody who was rich and aristocratic. (xii) The queen was highly amazed at his simplicity. (xiii) But he could not think that many gorgeously dressed officials had come to receive him at the station. (xiv) When he reached the destination, the queen said to him. "I sent a car for you. Dr. Einstein." 13. Write a paragraph of around 100 words based on the following questions. Your answers should give as much detail as possible. 14 

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Do you support unfair means in the examination? Why are you against it? Why, according to you, do the students adopt unfair means? What measure have the, authorities recently taken to prevent unfair means in the examination? Describe the good effects of the preventive measures. JESSORE BOARD-2003 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER Part A: Seen Comprehension Read the passage below and answer questions 1 — 4: 'Globalisation' has become a buzzword in the new era of international relations. Basically, it is a process of expanding trade and commerce all over the world by creating a borderless market. But it has had a far-reaching effect on many aspects of life. With the development of hi-tech communication media and rapid transportation facilities, the world has come closer. We can now learn in an instant what is happening in the farthest corner of the world and travel to any country in the shortest possible time. Countries of the world are like families in a village. They can even share their joys and sorrows like the next-door neighbours. If one country is in distress, others can immediately come to its assistance. If we would build up an atmosphere of mutual understanding and co-operation through this globalisation process, our world could certainly be a better place to live in. 1.

Choose the best answer from the alternatives. 1x5=5 (a) Globalisation has influenced our life very slightly/easily/widely/mildly. (b) Now a country in distress can immediately be attacked/advised/helped/ criticised by the others. (c) It is very important/easy/difficult/nice to know what is happening in other parts of the world. (d) Globalisation aims at expanding/creating/establishing/breaking a borderless market in the world. (e) The world has come closer and has become a big/small/global/densely populated village.

True/false? If false, give the correct information. 1x5=5 (a) Now we can know at once what is happening in the remotest parts of the world. (b) 'Globalisation' has not become a fashionable word. (c) Globalisation is a process of expanding trade and commerce all over the world. (d) Globalisation hinders mutual understanding and co-operation between nations. (e) Only a few aspects of our life have been influenced by globalisation.

3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of word in brackets. Add any preposition if necessary. 

1x5=5

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(a) Due to development of hi-tech communication media we can now know at once what (happen) —in the remotest parts of the world. (b) Other countries can immediately come to the (assist) —— of a country in disaster. (c) If it (be) —— possible to build up an atmosphere of mutual understanding and co-operation, the world would be a better place to live in. (d) Globalisation is a process (expand) —— trade and commerce all over the world. (e) Any country can (reach) —— in the shortest possible time. 4. Make a list of five opportunities created by globalisation. 1x5=5 Read the passage below and answer questions 5-8: As his reputation as a scientist soared higher and higher, fate followed with less rewarding things. Stephen Hawking gradually started losing control over the muscles of his body as he gradually became a victim of Gehrig's disease. Since the age of thirty, he has been confined to a wheelchair with no power to control his body except for some limited movement of his head and hands only. He can speak only through a computer with a voice synthesiser that converts his messages into sounds. But such a tremendous physical handicap has not managed to dishearten or slow him down. Stephen is still a relentless worker, using his computer to carry on research work as well as deliver lectures. He lives with his wife and three daughters and is provided with twenty-four hours nursing facilities by an American organisation for his physical well-being. 5. Write short answers to these questions about Stephen Hawking. 1x5=5 (a) Who is Stephen Hawking? (b) What disease was he attacked with? (c) How could he do his work in spite of his illness? (d) Whom does he live with? (e) What facilities is Hawking provided with? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1x5=5 As Hawking's reputation gradually (a)——, fate followed with less rewarding things. He (b)—— control over the muscles by degrees and became a (c) —— of Gehrig's disease. He is now (d)—— to the wheelchair and (e)—— no power to control his body except his head and hands only. 7. Summarise the passage in five sentences giving the most important information about Stephen Hawking. 1x5=5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow chart showing how Stephen Hawking, the victim of Gehrig's disease, survives as a scientist. (No. 1 has been done for you) 1x5=5 1. Became a victim of Gehrig’s disease.

Part B: Vocabulary 9. Fill in the gaps with suitable words from the box (make any grammatical change, if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need. 1x10=10 learn enriched

quickly aloud

over times

commit know

explain possession 

reading thoughts

filled of

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Young people often consider (a) —— poetry by heart a tiresome drudgery. But the learning of poetry has a great advantage (b) —— merely reading it. Poems that have been learnt become a permanent personal (c) ——. The mind is (d) —— with a store of beautiful or lofty (e) —— and ideas which may be a source of pleasure, comfort and inspiration at (f) —— when the books are not at hand. Poems selected for learning, however, should be worthy (g) —— the time to be spent on them and should be those which make a strong appeal to the learner. The best way to (h) —— a poem to memory is not to learn it line by line, but to read the whole poem (i) —— over and over again until it is thoroughly (j) ——. 10. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Man pollutes water, another vital (a) ——, of the environment by (b) —— waste into it. Farmers (c) —— chemical fertilizers and insecticides in their fields. Some of these chemicals, washed away by rain and floods. (d) —— mixed with water in rivers, canals and ponds. Water is also (e) —— by mills and factories when they throw their (f) —— chemicals and waste products into rivers and canals. Water vehicles also pollute rivers by dumping oil, food waste and human (g) —— into them. Insanitary latrines (h) —— on river and canal banks are also (i) —— for further pollution. In this way various (j) —— of waste and filth contaminate water. Part C: Guided Writing 11. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write out the sentences in full. 2x6=12 A B C D (i) The present age to the family the broken and out of home income families activities. (ii) Women household work a wide by both husbands and and outdoor disintegration of wives. activities (iii) As they began has seen giving place to are having psychological to contribute problems. (iv) In the in the west and they started small, nuclear families. developed influencing countries now (v) Extended are associating are done equally large kin groups. families have now given, (vi) Marriages now and are still with earning decisions about family often break up matters. 12. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Rewrite the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 14 (i) He was quite happy in Brighton. (ii) He described London as a dismal city, smoky, foggy and wet. (iii)Rabindranath was the fourteenth child of Debendranath and Sarada Devi Tagore. 

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(iv) Away from his brother's home he was lucky to find a friendly English family of Dr. and Mrs. Scott. (v) Though he was full of admiration for English society yet he was called back to India in 1880. (vi) He went to school early and wrote his first verse at the age of eight. (vii) He often visited the Houses of Parliament and listened to Gladstone and John Bright's debates on Irish Home Rule. (viii) He returned home without any qualifications of distinction. (ix) He joined his brother's family at Brighton and attended school there. (x) At the age of seventeen, in 1878, he arrived in London. (xi) Young Tagore joined London University, where he attended Henry Morley's lectures on English literature. (xii) But soon his brother sent him to London to benefit from the education in the west. (xiii) But the girls' parents in fact treated him like a son. (xiv) Their two daughters were taken aback with the presence of a 'blackie' in the house. 13. Write a paragraph of about 100 words based on the following questions. Your answers to the questions should give as much detail as possible. 14 What is dowry? What is the main reason of dowry? Who take dowry and who are the victims of dowry? How does the dowry system affect the whole society? What is your reaction to the social vice? How can this social curse be eliminated? CHITTAGONG BOARD-2003 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER Part A: Seen Comprehension Read the passage below and answer questions 1 — 4: In recent years, there have been many alarming reports that the world's climate is undergoing a significant change. All these reports provide strong evidence that world temperatures are increasing day by day. This increase in global warming is caused by increased amounts of carbon dioxide around the earth. Most climatologists believe that the greenhouse effect is the likely cause of this global warming. What is the Greenhouse effect? It is the gradual warming of the air surrounding the earth as a result of heat being trapped by environmental pollution. This is exemplified by the destruction and burning down of tropical rain forests, by traffic that clogs up city streets, by the rapid growth of industry, the use of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) in packaging and manufacturing commercial products, the use of detergents such as washing powder and washing-up liquid and so on. The oceans are also said to be affected both because of human waste and because of pollution caused by industrial waste products, oil seeping from damaged supertankers and from other maritime disasters. However, the main culprits for global warming are carbon dioxide gas, produced by the burning of fossil fuels and pollutants such as methane and chlorofluorocarbons. 

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Climatologists predict that midway through this century, temperatures may have risen by as much as 4°C. This could catastrophically reduce mankind's ability to grow food, destroy or severely damage wildlife and wilderness, raise sea levels and thereby flood coastal areas and farmland. The alarming news about Bangladesh is that as a result of the rise of the sea level, the lower southern part of the country may one day go under water. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1x5=5 (a) According to majority of the climatologists, the greenhouse effect is the plausible/probable/prime cause of the global warming. (b) The global warming may have a disastrous/magnificent/heinous effect on life on earth. (c) The burning of fossil fuels, forest and various pollutants is the effect/root/ source of carbon dioxide gas. (d) The dumping of industrial wastes and waste-products into the ocean affects/ causes/diminishes environmental pollution. (e) The rise of temperature may one day damage/swallow/submerge the lower southern part of Bangladesh. 2. Write whether the following statements are true/false. If false, give the correct information. 1x5=5 (a) Carbon dioxide gas is the only culprit for global warming. (b) The greenhouse effect is a global phenomenon. (c) Fossil fuels and forests are some of the main culprits for global warming. (d) The greenhouse effect can be diminished if we can reduce the environmental pollution. (e) Global warming is good for the cold countries of the world. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words in brackets. Add appropriate preposition if necessary. 1x5=5 (a) The greenhouse effect may be the cause of (destruct) —— wildlife and wilderness. (b) According to the (believe) —— the climatologists, the greenhouse effect is the most likely cause of the global warming. (c) If the sea level rises abnormally, we have reason to be (worry) ——. (d) Carbon dioxide is (produce) —— the burning of fossil fuels and forests. (e) Even the oceans are getting (pollution) ——. 4. Make a list of five causes of global warming. 1x5=5 Read the passage below and answer questions 5- 8: Gender discrimination in Bangladesh begins at birth. Most parents want to have children so that they can, when they are older, supplement their family income and/or help with the domestic work. In the existing socio-economic set-up, male children are best suited to this purpose. So, girls are born to an unwelcome world. However, they are assigned, rather confined to domestic chores. Some of these girls may be at school. But all their work—domestic or academic—stops as soon as they are married off, which is the prime concern of the parents about their daughters. This discriminatory treatment has some long-term negative effects on the body and mind of the girl children and women in a family. They are given to understand that they should keep the best food available for the male members in the family that they should eat less than the male members; that they should not raise their voice when they speak; that they should not go out of their house without permission from, and 

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without being escorted by the male members. All these shape the girls' thinking about life and the world, and go to establish their relationships with the male members in the family. As a result they suffer, more than their male counterparts, from malnutrition and anemia which make them vulnerable to various diseases, resulting in a high mortality rate. They develop a sense of self-effacement, self-denial and inferiority that persists throughout their lifetime as an inevitable benchmark of the weaker sex. As a result, married off even at 9 or 10 to a man of 40 or 50, a girl rarely has any say in decision making in the family, let alone in society. 5. Write short answers to the following questions (Don't quote sentences from the given passage). 1x5=5 (a) What do you mean by gender discrimination? (b) Why do the parents prefer a male child? (c) What matters most to the parents about their daughters? (d) How does a girl think about life and world? (e) What is the most harmful effect that persists throughout a woman's life? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1x5=5 In our country most of the girls fall (a) —— to gender discrimination as soon as they are born, even before their birth. Almost all the parents (b) —— a male child to a female one. A girl's education life comes to a (c) —— with her marriage. Because of discriminatory treatment, throughout her life she suffers from inferiority (d)—— which tells upon both her physical and (e) —— health. 7. Summarise five negative effects of gender discrimination on girl children and women in a family. 1x5=5 8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow chart showing the position of a girl in the family. (No.l has been done for you) 1x5=5 1A girl's unwelcome birth to a hostile world.

Part B: Vocabulary 9. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical change if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need. 1x10=10 device trained about perform essential great abacus fairly

large

special

recent

sense

refers

called

The computer is a fairly (a) —— invention. It has now become an (b) —— part of modern life. It has greatly benefited us and brought (c) —— revolutionary changes in our life. Any (d) —— that helps people perform mathematical calculation may be (e) —— a computer. In this sense the (f) —— is a simple computer. Today however the term computer (g) —— to special kind of electronic machine that can perform mathematical calculations and process (h) —— masses of information at a (i) —— speed. In a few minutes a computer can perform calculation that (j) —— mathematicians would need years to complete. 10. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 Jerry was a twelve years old boy (a) —— lived in the orphanage. The authoress hired the cabin (b) —— to the orphanage. Jerry came to the cabin to (c) —— wood for the 

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authoress. He also did some extra work (d) —— the convenience of the authoress. Once he (e) —— a cubby hole where he put some kindling and medium wood (f) — — that the writer might get dry fire materials ready in case of (g) —— wet weather. The authoress was pleased (h) —— him. When she gave him some candy or apples, he used to (i) —— silent. He expressed his (j) —— by looking at the gift and the authoress. Part C: Guided Writing 11. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write out the sentences in full. 2x6=12 A B C D (i) Environment must be taken in various ways by smoke of factories pollution and vehicles. (ii) In our cities air has become to control is polluted by garbage. (iii) Even the is constantly one of the greatest alarming pollution. ground we problems (iv) Water walk on in the face of in our country. (v) But we is also polluted being polluted in this modern age. (vi) Measures should not remain both in urban and such an alarming idle rural areas problem. 12. The sentences hi the following text are jumbled. Rewrite the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 14 (i) Then he saw a spider trying hard to reach the ceiling of the cave. (ii) But it did not give up hope. (iii)The spider failed again and again to succeed. (iv) Bruce saw the spider climbing to the ceiling after some unsuccessful attempts. (v) He gathered an army of strong men and attacked his enemies. (vi) This dauntless spider inspired Bruce to shake off the darkness of the despair. (vii) The enemies courted defeat and Robert Bruce regained his kingdom. (viii) The king fought bravely but lost the battle. (ix) Robert Bruce was a famous king. (x) He had to flee from his kingdom to his life. (xi) Enemies invaded his kingdom. (xii) And he took shelter in a remote cave. (xiii) Once he was lying in the cave. (xiv) The king was always in a gloomy state for his unhappy condition. 13. Write a paragraph of about 100 words based on the following questions. Your answers to the questions should give as much detail as possible. 14 What kind of family do you live in? Extended or nuclear? Why is nuclear family getting popularity nowadays? What are the advantages you find in a nuclear family? What are the disadvantages of it? Do you like nuclear family? If so, why? If not, why? BARISAL BOARD-2003 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER Part A: Seen Comprehension Read the passage below and answer questions 1 — 4: British eating habits are very different now from thirty years ago. No longer are tastes confined to roast beef, mint sauce and Yorkshire pudding (which in fact is not a 

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pudding at all). People travel more and arc learning to enjoy food from many different countries. In most towns there are Italian, Chinese and Indian restaurants but in big cities you can also eat Japanese, Thai, Korean and Malaysian food. These restaurants are often cheaper than European restaurants and many people find the food more interesting. Indeed supermarkets now offer a wide range of multicultural, ready-tocook foods to try at home. Take-away food is also very popular in Britain. Many people think that the idea of take-away meals comes from the USA, but in fact it comes from Britain. The original British take-away meal was fish and chips and there are still fish in chip shops in places, as well as joints that sell fast food like pizzas and hamburgers. In Britain most people use knives and forks for eating. In some countries, for example, China, Japan, Korea and Taiwan, people use chopsticks. In many other countries, as in the Indian sub-continent, people use their fingers. 1. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1x5=5 (a) There are hardly/hard/lots of difference between British eating habits and our eating habits. (b) British supermarkets provide/enjoy/offering multicultural foods. (c) Wide range means diversity/alike/all the same. (d) In England the foreign restaurants are expensive/cheap/costly in comparison with European restaurants. (e) Yorkshire pudding is really/hardly/not a pudding. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information. 1x5=5 (a) Frequent changes are found in British eating habits. (b) People in the Indian sub-continent use spoons and fingers for eating. (c) Take-away food is very popular in Britain. (d) The British people don't like the foods of other countries. (e) In England European restaurants are more expensive than Thai. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words. Add any preposition if necessary. 1x5=5 (a) Spoons and forks are (use) —— eating. (b) Our tastes are no longer (confine) —— hamburgers. (c) Some people are (replace) —— rice with bread. (d) Take-away food is getting (popular) —— Bangladesh. (e) We should (know) —— about eating habits. 4. Make a list of five ways in which our food and eating habits differ from those of Britain. 1x5=5 Read the passage below and answer questions 5 — 8: A major influence on American children's lives is the television shows they watch. TV viewing statistics are staggering: 96% of US homes have at least one television set, and children aged three to five watch an average of fifty hours of TV every week. By the time these kids graduate from high school, they will have spent more than 22,000 hours in front of the.box but only 11,000 hours in school. Most research on the effects of TV on children, centres round whether watching so much violence on TV makes them more aggressive. Many studies show how that it does. Indeed TV watching influences children's learning style too. (Adapted from: G. Ramson, Preparing to teach reading.) 5. Write short answer to the following question. 1x5=5 (a) What do you think of the report on watching TV by US children? 

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(b) What are the bad impacts of watching TV for long hours? (c) How long do you watch TV everyday ? (d) Why are the TV viewing, statistics described as staggering? (e) What are the positive aspects of watching TV? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1x5=5 Television is the most common source of entertainment. American children (a) —— television more than they read books. Most of the children are (b) —— to be sluggish day by day. Their parents are becoming (c) —— for them. But the children (d) —— bother for that. They love only (e) —— violence in films shown on TV. 7. Summarise in 5 sentences the bad effects of watching TV. 1x5=5 8. On the basis of your reading of the passage, make a short note in each of the boxes in the flow chart showing how watching TV can also be good for children. 1x5=5 1. Good aspects of watching TV

Part B: Vocabulary 9. Fill in each gap with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical change if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need. 1xl0=l0 go have find lose die are way consider prefer

enjoy

dead

preference

take

bound

rich

We find changes in amusement and entertainment that (a) —— taken place over time. Common forms of entertainment like snake charming, puppet shows, jarigan (b) —— popular in the past are gradually (c) —— their appeal. They are (d) —— out. We don't (e) —— the existence of many of these. Now people like to (f) —— TV. They (g) —— concert, disco, pop etc. All the changes that have (h) —— place today are not (i) —— good. Sometimes people are (j) —— to receive some bad aspects of Western culture. 10. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1xl0=10 Sports can give us (a) ——. International sports (b) —— organise different sporting events in different (c) ——. Most of these events are sponsored by multinational manufacturing companies and business firms. They pay for the sport event. They do it because in (d) —— they get the right of (e) —— their products (f) —— the events. The satellite channels (g) —— the events (h) ——. As a (i) ——, people all over the world can (j) —— the events live. Part C: Guided Writing 11. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make sensible sentences. Write out the sentences in full. 2x6=12 A B C D (i) We Is easily with his family. (ii) Our family Drag to keep our apartment clean. (iii) They Try on the very good terms day and night. (iv) These sounds have tried chairs around up. many times 

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(v) We (vi) I

are not acquainted can be

to tell them to give it

avoided.

with these

people.

12. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Rewrite the sentences in the proper order and in a single paragraph to make a story. 14 (i) It continued for a full week. (ii) The very next day the rain started to fall, (iii)She wanted to grow some peas before the hot weather set in. (iv) Last year she started her garden early. (v) Mina loves gardening. (vi) All her seeds washed away. (vii) Mina started to prepare fresh. (viii) Then the sun finally came out. (ix) She now knew the uncertainty that the farmers must endure each year. (x) People may have different hobbies. (xi) Some may have strange habits. (xii) It reveals the taste of a person. (xiii) It refreshes us. (xiv) It gives us new ideas too. 13. Write a paragraph of about 150 words based on the following questions. Your answers in the questions should give as much detail as possible. 14 Where is Bangladesh situated? When did she get her freedom? How is the climate in Bangladesh? Which are the main rivers of the country? What are the main crops? What is the main occupation of the people here? What is the main attraction of this country? SYLHET BOARD-2003 ENGLISH (COMPULSORY) FIRST PAPER Part A: Seen Comprehension Read the passage below and answer questions 1 — 4: His name was Jerry; he had been at the orphanage since he was four. I could picture him at four, with the same grave gray-blue eyes and the same independence? No, the word that comes to me is "integrity." It is embedded on courage, but it is more than brave. It is honest, but it is more than honesty. The axe-handle broke one day. Jerry said the orphanage woodshop would repair it. I brought money to pay for the job and he refused it. "I'll pay for it," he said. "I brought the axe down careless." "But no one hits accurately every time," I told him. "The fault was in the handle." It was only then that he would take the money. He was standing back of his own carelessness. He was a free will agent and he chose to do careful work; and if he failed, he took the responsibility without subterfuge. And he did for me the unnecessary thing, the gracious thing that we find done only by the great of heart. Things no training can teach, for they are done on the instant, with no predicated experience. He found a cubbyhole beside the fireplace that I had not noticed. There, of his own accord, he put wood, so that I might always have dry fire material ready in case of sudden wet weather. A stone was loose in the rough walk to the cabin. He dug a deeper hole and steadied it, although he came, himself, by a shortcut over the bank. 

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Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1x5=5 (a) Jerry's sense of duty/courtesy/integrity impressed the authoress. (b) Jerry wanted to get the axe-handle repair/repaired/repairing. (c) Jerry's courtesy was formal/artificial/inborn. (d) Jerry came to the orphanage at the age of eight/four/twelve. (e) The phrase 'Of his own accord' means willingly/at random/freely. 2. True/false? If false, give the correct information. 1x5=5 (a) Jerry steadied the loose stone for his own use. (b) Jerry had been at the orphanage for four years. (c) The axe-handle broke because Jerry brought the axe down careless. (d) Integrity is embedded on courage. (e) Jerry did for me the necessary thing. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the word. Add prepositions if necessary. 1x5=5 (a) Jerry (be) —— at the orphanage since he was four. (b) He took the (responsible) —— breaking the axe-handle. (c) He chose to work (careful) ——. (d) He was an orphan boy (live) —— the orphanage. (e) (Dig) —— a deeper hole, Jerry steadied a loose stone. 4. Make a list of five points describing Jerry's character. 1x5=5 Read the passage below and answer questions 5 — 8 : It has been over three hundred years since Emperor Shah Jahan of Delhi built the Taj Mahal as a tomb for his wife in Agra. Architecturally, it is still one of the most beautiful buildings in the world. The building is made of fine white marble with inlays of coloured marble. It has eight sides and many open arches. It rests on a platform or terrace of red sandstone. Four slender white towers rise from the corners of the terrace. There is a large dome above the centre of the building. Around the large dome there are four smaller domes. Just inside the outer walls, there is an open corridor from which visitors can look through carved marble screens into a central room. The bodies of Shah Jahan and his wife Mumtaz lie in two graves below this room. The Taj Mahal is surrounded by a beautiful garden and there is a long pool that stretches out in front of the building. One can see the beauty of the Taj Mahal in its reflection in the pool water. Visitors come to see this wonderful building at different times of the day since it assumes a different look at different times. Most people like it best on moonlit nights. 5. Write short answers to these questions about 'The Taj Mahal'. 1x5=5 (a) What architectural feature of the Taj Mahal makes it most impressive? (b) Why is it called the Taj Mahal? (c) How does the pool enhance the beauty of the Taj Mahal? (d) Why did Shah Jahan build the Taj Mahal? (e) When does the Taj seem most appealing? 6. Fill in the gaps with suitable words. 1x5=5 There is a beautiful garden (a) —— the Taj and a long pool that (b) —— out in front of the building. One can see the beauty of the Taj well when it reflects in the pool water. Visitors come to see this wonderful (c) —— building because it (d) —— a different look at different times. Most people like it (e) —— on moonlit nights. 7. Summarise five important mentionable sides of the Taj Mahal. 1x5=5 

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8. Based on your reading of the passage, make short notes in each of the boxes in the flow chart showing the wonderful design of the Taj Mahal (No. 1 has been done for you) 1x5=5 1. Made of fine white marble with inlays of coloured marble

Part B: Vocabulary 9. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box (make any grammatical changes, if necessary). There are more words in the box than you need. 1x10=10 happen furious Die spoil live execution knowing wit pleasant Declare wretch unpleasant expire cause Once upon a time, there was a King who was very fond of (a) — his future from the astrologers. A famous astrologer (b) — to stop at his capital on his way to Benaras. The King called on him to know about his future and the astrologer told him something (c) — . At this the King got (d) — and condemned him to (e) — saying, "Men like you should not live to (f) — the peace of the world". But another thought I had crossed his mind before the astrologer was removed for (g) —. "How long will you live?" asked the King. With ready (h) — the astrologer said, "The stars (i) — that I shall die only a week before your majesty. So, good bye." Hearing this, the King turned pale like a dead man and shouted, "Drive this (j) — away, let him not come here again." 10. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word in each gap. 1x10=10 One day a lad went to a famous teacher and having expressed his desires to (a) — knowledge, begged him to (b) — him in the arts and sciences. The learned man, wishing to (c) — out what sort of ability the lad (d) —, asked him where God (e) —. The lad replied, "I will answer you, if you will first (f) —me where he is (g) — ". The sage, from this sensible (h) —, thought highly of the boy's (i) — and according to his (j) — perfected him in his studies. Thus the wisdom of the wise manifests itself early. Part C: Guided Writing 11. Match the phrases in the following substitution table to make six sensible sentences. (Write the sentences in full). 2x6=12 A B C D (i) It Saw from a long journey. (ii) Here and there over the came desolate he turned grass back children out. (iii) Every afternoon as became the children playing in the in the giant's they garden garden. (iv) One day the giant Stood a large, lovely garden with soft green grass. (v) When he was from school, the children like stars. used to go and play (vi) The garden were beautiful flowers soon. coming

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12. The sentences in the following text are jumbled. Re-write the sentences in the proper order and in a continuous paragraph to make a story. 14 (i) The lion was relieved of his pain. (ii) To escape torture, one day he fled from his master's house. (iii)It was unbearable for him. (iv) He took the lion's paw in his hand and removed a big thorn from it. (v) He used to inflict heavy torture on him. (vi) The merchant sold him to a rich man in another country. (vii) Unfortunately he was caught by a slave merchant. (viii) The lion seemed wounded as he was groaning. (ix) A lion lived in a cave. (x) He came near the lion. (xi) He took shelter in a cave. (xii) In the-evening the lion entered the cave. (xiii) The man was very rude and cruel. (xiv) Once there lived a young man named Androcles. 13. Write a paragraph of about 150 words based on the following questions. Your answers to the questions should give as much detail as possible. 4 What is your idea about a book fair? When and where is it usually held? What purposes does it serve? How is it organised? What steps can be taken to make such a fair successful?

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