FRØFORSYNINGEN Revitalization of a fragmented urban area in Roskilde
Camilla Kjærgaard Hansen - BVF316 30 ECTS Master thesis in Landscape Architecture Supervisor: Peter Lundsgaard Hansen Department of Geosciences and natural resource management Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen Copenhagen, November 2015
FOREWORD 7KLV PDVWHU WKHVLV LV D (&76 FUHGLW DVVLJQPHQW DQG LV WKH ¿QDO RXWFRPH RI P\ VWXGLHV DW the Landscape Architecture masters program at University of Copenhagen. Thank to Associate Professor Peter Lundsgaard Hansen for consistent guidance, useful cri- WLTXHV DQG UHÀHFWLQJ FRQYHUVDWLRQV WKURXJKRXW WKH SURFHVV )XUWKHUPRUH D JUHDW WKDQNV WR everyone who has been involved in the project, for their helpful participation with this thesis. Photos & illustrations in the assignment are made by the author unless other is noted. All plans in the assignment are facing north.
Camilla Kjærgaard Hansen
ABSTRACT This thesis brings forward a proposal for a transforming landscape with future housing imple- mentation in the city of Roskilde. Postindustrialisation has left its marks in many cities by abonded railways or areas close by station. There has recently been the same delveopment in Roskilde and therefor the munic- LSDOLW\ KDV D YLVLRQ IRU WKLV VSHFL¿F VLWH WKDW LW VKRXOG EH D QHZ KRXVLQJ DUHD LQ WKH FHQWUH RI the city. The project site of the assignment is called Frøforsyningen and consists of fragmented parts from both the old parking area, the leftover railways and a vegetated bank. These fragmented parts are in this assigment joint to create one continuous urban landscape. Analysis and registration of both Roskilde and Frøforsyningen itself emphasizes the need for creating a urban area that will create connections between the city parts and should have characteristics similar to the surrounding city. An imiediate designproposal that brings 1500 trees into this urban area and creates a trans- forming landscape that in the future will have 10 apartment buildings. The proposal consist of the Plantation with a high amount of trees planted in a grid and with a clear management strategy for the development. An Open Park as the recreational green space that will attract both active and passive visitors. The Path going through the site will create a clear connection and bring down the previous barriers. This solution for a transforming landscape should emphasize the need for a mature landscape when creating new households. As the vegetation grows, the housing will be implemented in between. This way of thinking the transformation gives way for the landscape and instead of prioritizing housing and create a landscape around it, the landscape is created and housing is situated between it.
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TABLE OF CONTENT Part 1 INTRODUCTION & ANALYSIS INTRODUCTION Foreword Abstract Content Motivation Backgroun Problem formulation
Part 2 PROPOSAL AND DEVELOPMENT 3 4 5 8 9 11
ANALYSIS Roskilde Frøforsyningen
14 29
PROPOSAL Vision and concept Designproposal • Masterplan • &RQQHFWLRQV 7UDI¿F • Vegetation • Buildings & Elements • Spatial section • Transition section • The Silhouettes
MANAGEMENT AND STRATEGY Management plan for vegetation Housing implementation strategy
CONCLUSION Conclusion 5HÀHFWLRQ Litterature and references
Part 3 PROCESS & APPENDIX MODELWORK & SKETCHING
40 42 46 48 50 52 54 60
Concept, ideas and testing
APPENDIX 6SHFL¿HG ÀRUD
78
84
66 68
72 73 74
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PART ONE INTRODUCTION & ANALYSIS
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MOTIVATION The process for housing implementation in urban areas has been the motivation for this master thesis. I wanted to work with how to optimize the frequent way of implementing new housing area in the urban space. New housing areas are often located in the outskirts of cities and established in an open landscape with no clear strategy for a joint landscape plan. Single-family housing often SULYDWL]H WKH JUHHQ VSDFH DQG ZKHQ WKH KRXVHKROGV DUH HVWDEOLVKHG RQ WKH ¿HOG D VPDOOHU hedge is planted to create a border for the owners land. 7KH KRXVLQJ FRPHV ¿UVW DQG WKHQ WKH ODQGVFDSH LV DGDSWHG DQG VKDSHG DIWHU WKH EXLOGLQJV Could this be done the other way around? And what would the potentials / problems be for this process? This assignment takes it inspiration from these wonderings. Furthermore the desire to work with vegetation as more than recreational element in the urban context in close collaboration with urban spaces and buildings has also been the driven force in this assignment.
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BACKGROUND The post industrialization has left its marks in many cities by abandoned industrial sites. Some railways are no longer in use due to more effective and less railway transportation. This means that railways and areas close by stations are becoming redundant in many cities. In many cities these railways are being transformed and included into the urban space. In Amager a short stretch of the old railway going from the north and towards Dragør has in the last 40 years been overgrown but are recently transformed into paths and recreational uses in the city. The old DSB area south of the central station in Copenhagen are no longer in use and are being transformed into a green urban space and housing. Südgelände in Berlin where the old railway stretch is kept in its form but are transformed into a path with different impressions and interpretations, surrounded by a very green landscape. In New York the High Line Park lies as a reminder of the old railway from 1934 that trans- ported goods to the industrial district in Manhattan. Now the railways is an elevated park with places for stay and attracts tourists and citizens to enjoy the green setting in the middle of the city. In the city of Roskilde the same development is observed. The area close to the railways LV QR ORQJHU QHFHVVDU\ DQG WKH DPRXQW RI UDLOZD\V QHHGHG IRU WKH GDLO\ WUDI¿F LV VPDOOHU A commuter-parking area is situated just south of the station and the leftover railway- and station-area is becoming a part of a new urban area in Roskilde. The vision of the municipality of Roskilde is for this site to become a new housing and retail area in the city. With the railway close by, the vision is to create housing that will endorse the lesser need for private transportation and thereby decrease the amount of cars on the city. This site will be the project-site in this assignment and will further on be mentioned as Frøforsyningen.
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SJÆLLAND
ROSKILDE
ROSKILDE FJORD
ROSKILDE
(
(
Roskilde The city of Roskilde is mostly known for the annual Roskilde Festival, the Cathedral and the vikingship museum. The city has app. 49.000 citizens living within city borders. It is the 10th largest city in Denmark, located just 30 km west of Copenhagen. 7KH UDLOZD\V DUH RQH RI WKH ¿UVW HVWDEOLVKHG LQ 'HQPDUN DQG DUH VWLOO WRGD\ RQH RI WKH PRVW frequent used routes on Sealand.
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PROJECT SITE : FRØFORSYNINGEN
PROBLEM FORMULATION Frøforsyningen is characterized by the many people using the site everyday. Today they mostly use it for transport – public or private. They only cross the area when going through the tunnel to the other side of the railway and the barriers of the site enhances the enclosed character and forces visitors to go alongside the edge of the site. The geographical location for this site creates great potential for it to become a recreational urban space. This geographical potential should be exploited in a better way than mere being a parking area. Frøforsyningen is thought to become an area with housing and retail in the future. This will bring more life to the city centre of Roskilde and perhaps endorse the use of public transpor- tation instead of private. If people don’t have any need for other than public transportation when living that close to the station the need for private transportation becomes less. The site also lacks a strong identity and with the new included railway area the need for a new identity as a future housing area is necessary. With inspiration from the competition-program for the site (Roskilde Kommune, 2015), this assignment will investigate the transformation of an urban area where housing is thought to GHYHORS LQ WKH IXWXUH 7KH ¿QDO RXWFRPH ZLOO FRQVLVW RI GHYHORSPHQW SODQV IRU WKH ODQGVFDSH and bring forward a solution for immediate changes and the process in the following years. It will provide solutions to: A landscape that gives room for housing development in the future and will function as a transforming urban landscape. An improved connection between Frøforsyningen and the city.
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ANALYSIS ROSKILDE
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HISTORIC PERSPECTIVE Orthophotos of Roskilde shows the fast development of the city between 1940’s and 1960’s. Single-family housing is emerging as well as apartment blocks and the old city centre becomes more visible due to the different building structures. The railway lies as a marker of the outskirts of the city centre and has been visible since the 1940’s and is still clear to see in orthophotos today. Roskilde is thought to be founded in the 980’s and has developed from being an old market town, later an industrial town, a cultural town and now a “knowledge” city. (Roskilde Kom- mune, 2015) The railways in Roskilde were established in 1847 and the station building of the city is probably the oldest in Denmark. Still today the railway going through Roskilde is one of the most used in Denmark due to all the regional trains going through the city. Frøforsyningen (the building) is seen on arial photos from the period 1900-1960. Is it shown in the arial photo from 1945 but are probably from around 1906 where it shortly after burned down and was rebuild in parts (Steenholdt, P., 2015). Frøforsyningen were originally a coop- eration that would control the sales of seeds and corn from the farmers. (Danske Landbo- foreningers Frøforsyning). The history of the building is very limited and it is therefore hard to determine the exact user GHYHORSPHQW RI )U¡IRUV\QLQJHQ 7KH EXLOGLQJ LV FXUUHQWO\ XVHG E\ D YDULDWLRQ RI ¿UPV VXFK DV Rambøll, SKAT, dentists and others. Pictures are showing the development of the building on the far right.
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Photo 1: “Høje målebordsblade” between 1842-1899
Photo 2: “Lave målebordsblade” between 1900-1960
Photo 3: Arial foto. Roskilde, 1945.
Photo 5: Frøforsyningen, Roskilde app. 1949.
Photo 4: Arial foto. Roskilde, 1967.
Photo 6: Frøforsyningen, Roskilde app. 1950 after the extention of the building.
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CHARACTERISTIC Â AREAS Â 1:25.000
“Highâ€?  buildings “Lowâ€?  buildings Industrial  sites $ URXJK FODVVLÂżFDWLRQ RI WKH GLIIHUHQW DUHDV LQ WKH FLW\ 7KH VLQJOH DUHD WKDW LV QRW PDUNHG ZLWK D FRORXU LV WKH RULJLQDO WRZQ FHQWUH 6RPH RI WKH RULJLQDO EXLOGLQJV KDYH EHHQ PRGLÂżHG coloured  or  restored  but  it  is  still  very  clear  to  see  the  old  building  structures. Â
16 Â Â Â Â Â
7KH DPRXQW RI VLQJOH IDPLO\ KRXVLQJ LV FODVVLÂżHG DV ÂłORZ´ EXLOGLQJ VWUXFWXUHV 7KHVH DUH found  mostly  in  the  north  part  and  in  between  a  mix  of  the  “highâ€?  building  structures  can  be  VHHQ 7KHVH DUH FODVVLÂżHG DV DSDUWPHQW EORFNV
However  a  great  concentration  of  apartment  blocks  is  found  south  of  Frøforsyningen.  The  concentration  of  different  building  structures  is  clearer  in  the  southern  part  of  the  city  whereas  the  northern  part  is  more  of  a  mix  of  the  two  building  structures.  The  industrial  sites  are  left  in  the  outskirts  of  the  city.
LANDMARKS / ATTRACTIONS 1:25.000
The vikingship museum
Roskilde Cathedral
Musicon
The three biggest landmarks or attractions of Roskilde are these. Musicon is a creative urban area that has formerly been an old concrete-factory but the parts are now sold of in stages to become housing and cultural attractions. The area both has new and modern architectural housing and recreational green areas. It differs from other urban areas with having culture, creativity and art as main focuses in the urban life (Muscion, 2015).
Roskilde Cathedral from 1400th century and has been build in different parts. It has for a long time been the preferred place for the Royalties of Denmark to be buried. The Viking ship museum of Roskilde is not only a museum that exhibits the ships and lifestyle from the Viking Age but also has open repair buildings where ships are being restored and visitors can follow the development. 17
SQUARES & GREEN AREAS 1:25.000
Green recreational areas Public squares The green areas in Roskilde are to a greater extent if private gardens and sport facilities are included. Nonetheless are these public recreational green areas in the city. It varies from cemeteries, parks and allotment gardens. The main public squares in Roskilde are Stændertorvet and Hestetorvet. In these their can be found a varies of activities in the weekend. 18
SERVICE / PUBLIC BUILDINGS 1:25.000
Public service Schools and youth clubs The two areas marked with red are the City hall and the hospital area. They are placed EHWZHHQ WKH UHVLGHQWLDO DUHD EXW FORVH WR D JUHDWHU WUDI¿F FRQQHFWLRQ WR WKH FLW\ 7KHLU JHR- graphical location next to the station also makes it easy for people to get to. The black areas are both schools and youth clubs. Kindergartens and daycare centers have not been included in this analysis due to their minimal size and that they can be found all over the city.
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A
TERRAIN 1:25.000
20
a
Frøforsyningen
x 0.0
x
44.0
A
x
49.0 a
When coming from the south and driving into Roskilde the sloping terrain becomes very clear. The view from the top of Køgevej and over the city is impressive. It also makes it clear to see the Cathedral towers even from far away. The terrain is not to steep so that when walking around in the city the terrain is not experi- enced as radical but the feeling of sloping can be seen in the city when the height of rooftops are sloping down towards the fjord.
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TRAFFIC 1:25.000
Railways Pedestrian street 0DLQ WUD¿FDO URXWHV The main roads have been included in this diagram to show the most important connections. The railway that cuts through the city was originally established on the edge of the city and since then Roskilde has developed around it. The only pedestrian street in the city centre is located close to the station and includes both Hestetorvet and Stændertorvet along the street. 22
7KH URDG WKDW VXUURXQGV WKH LQQHU FLW\ DOVR VKRZV RQH RI WKH ¿UVW PDLQ WUDI¿F FRQQHFWLRQV LQ Roskilde.
STREET LIGHTS The streetlight of Roskilde varies throughout the city in material, size and lighting. There appears to be no clear strategy for streetlight in Roskil- de. These shown lamps are seen in the northern part of Roskilde close to the city centre. Howev- er it is presumable that the variation becomes greater in outer parts of the city. The streetlights variation very much depends of the surrounding they are in. Smaller park- ing areas and the city centre both have small streetlights close to the ground. The bigger WUDI¿F FRQQHFWLRQV UHVLGHQWLDO DUHDV KDYH WDOOHU streetlights. This non-existing strategy allows the areas to have streetlight that matches the scale. The aesthetic value may not be that high but the quality of the variation in scale outweighs this.
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REGISTRATION - north of Frøforsyningen Residential areas and city centre
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Residential area. Older single family housing.
Residential area. Older single family housing.
Old town centre
Former “Virgin convict” near the cathedral
Old town centre
“Stændertorvet” in the city centre
Borders and edges close to the station
“Hestetorvet”. Square in front of the station.
North side of station building
Tunnel going under station platforms
Bikecycle parking near tunnel.
Hersegade. Street leading up towards the station.
Bus station just west of Hersegade.
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REGISTRATION - south of Frøforsyningen
Tunnel going under the railway
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The city park
City Hall main entrance
Apartment block
Musicon
“Røde Port” - railways going over
Single family housing
Hospital area
Single family housing
Apartment blocks
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ANALYSIS FRØFORSYNINGEN
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Frøforsyningen seen from the station 29
SCALE 1:5000 Diagrams showing the scale of the site by comparing to a well-known area in Copenhagen in the same size. Islands Brygge is situated near the Copenhagen Harbour and has former been an indus- trial site with a railway transporting goods to factories. Today the area is a mix of elevated green plantforms for recreational use, a harbour bathing area and some preserved industrial elements from the sites history.
0,5 pt
0,75 pt
Frøforsyningen - 42.000 km2 30
Islands Brygge - 44.000 km2
CHARACTERISTICS OF BOTH SITES FRØFORSYNINGEN
ISLANDS BRYGGE
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ENTRANCES 1:5000
Entrance to parking area
Roskilde Station Main entrance Entrance to parking area Tunnel entrance
Entrance to parking area
Tunnel entrance Entrance to parking area
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Minor entrances to Frøforsyningen
VEGETATION 1:5000
Mix of trees in cemetary - mostly fully-grown
Rows of Platanus along side the street
Vegetation-bank of mixed vegetation
Hedges alongside Frøforsyningen (area) Smaller lime trees in bad conditions Small plants of Wisteria growing on iron-fence
*UDVV ¿HOG VXUURXQGHG E\ D VPDOO KHGJH
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BARRIERS AND EDGES 1:5000
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Station platform tunnel. Only entrance in stationbuilding.
Special train operating on Roskilde station
Top of the railway tunnel overlooking Frøforsyningen.
Towards railway tunnel.
Station platform tunnel. Connecting Frøforsyningen with Jernbanegade.
Station platform tunnel. Entrance from Frøforsyningen.
Parking area north-east of station building
Edge of vegetation-bank. Border of the project site.
Edge of Frøforsyningen towards Ny Østergade
Row of Platanus and edge of vegetation-bank.
Row of Platanus and edge of vegetation-bank.
Edge of projectsite towards Ny Østergade. 35
CONCLUSION  OF  ANALYSIS The  analysis  of  the  city  shows  a  varied  building  structure  throughout  the  city,  green  rec- reational  areas  scattered  around  the  city  and  service  buildings  close  to  the  core  of  public  transportation.  The  green  structures  of  Roskilde  are  clear  to  be  seen  as  well,  as  the  city  does  not  lack  recreational  areas.  Nonetheless  there  are  only  two  main  public  parks  and  no  greater  green  areas  close  to  the  city  centre.  Visitors  to  Roskilde  therefor  don’t  immediately  experience  the  green  structures  of  the  city  due  to  that  they  are  hidden. Due  to  the  main  landmarks  or  attractions  of  Roskilde  is  situated  far  from  each  other  and  all  in  different  parts  of  the  city  it  does  not  create  a  cludder  in  one  part  of  the  city  of  tourists.  The  WRXULVWLF DUHDV FDQ EH FODVVLÂżHG WR WKH FLW\ FHQWUH WKH KDUERXU DUHD DQG 0XVLFRQ Âł2SHQ Arenaâ€?.  The  last  mentioned  only  in  the  summertime  where  the  “Animal  showingâ€?  and  annual  Roskilde  Festival  takes  place.  The  city  of  Roskilde  is  an  attractive  place  to  both  visit  and  settle  down  in.  The  prices  on  KRXVHV KDYH EHHQ LQFUHDVLQJ LQ WKH ODVW \HDUV DQG WKH PXQLFLSDOLW\ ORRNV WR ÂżQG DUFKLWHFWXUDO solutions  for  new  buildings  to  keep  up  with  the  trends  –  such  as  the  new  City  Hall.  Due  to  the  increased  interest  in  the  city,  the  development  of  cultural  and  social  activities  has  been  central  for  the  city. Â
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The  registration  and  analysis  of  Frøforsyningen  and  the  surrounding  urban  area  reveals  a  fragmented,  paved  and  inaccessible  urban  area. )UÂĄIRUV\QLQJHQ EHQHÂżWV D ORW IURP LWV JHRJUDSKLFDO ORFDWLRQ LQ WKH PLGGOH RI WKH FLW\ &ORVH WR the  station,  the  public  service  buildings  and  the  city  centre.  This  means  that  everyone  going  to  Roskilde  by  public  transportation  goes  directly  beside  Frøforsyningen.  Today  it  is  barely  noticeable  and  many  visitors  tend  to  use  the  entrance  towards  the  city  cen- tre  and  therefor  only  see  Frøforsyningen  when  sitting  in  the  train.  People  coming  from  the  south  will  most  likely  park  their  cars  in  the  parking  area  at  Frøforsyningen  and  use  the  tunnel  to  enter  the  train  station.  Visitors  to  the  city  centre  will  strive  to  look  for  parking  possibilities  closer  to  the  city  centre  and  once  again  Frøforsyningen  is  overlooked.  Frøforsyningen  consist  mainly  of  parking  areas  and  a  larger  vegetated  terrain  wall  that  has  been  overgrown  in  many  years.  The  vegetation  is  kept  at  a  minimum  and  only  trees  and  shrubs  at  the  borders  of  the  site  are  allowed  on  the  premises.  The  scale  of  the  area  is  hard  to  understand  due  to  the  very  long  but  narrow  site  composition.  Due  to  the  barriers  on  the  site,  one  has  to  go  alongside  Ny Â Ă˜stergade  to  go  between  the  parts  in  Frøforsyningen.  This  also  contributes  to  the  harder  understanding  on  the  size  of  Frøforsyningen  and  the  lack  of  interest  to  use  the  site. Â
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PART TWO PROPOSAL & STRATEGY
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VISION & CONCEPT The barriers on the site will in the future disappear and the site will become a united area. Creating connections across the site in different directions will open up the area and invite visitors. Entrances today is mainly for entering cars and the entrances are far apart. This means that instead of entering the area, you will need to go along and that emphasizes the enclosed and distant character of Frøforsyningen. The vision of the municipality of Roskilde is for this area to become a future housing and retail area in the city. This vision will be a part of the proposal but instead of a typically devel- opment where housing is established and the landscape is formed after building structures, this proposal should implement housing later. “First life, then spaces, then buildings – the other way around never works” (Gehl, J. 20??). This quote from Jan Gehls “Byer for mennesker” where he states that for an urban area this is the correct development for a site. This quote will be taken into consideration when determine the housing development in the proposal.
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The housing implementation needs to be created in a symbiosis with the landscape and should therefor emerge after the landscape has matured or alongside this process. Frøforsyningen is located in the centre of Roskilde. It lies just south of the railway and is therefor cut away from the city centre. Nonetheless the impression from both the city and the rural area should be incorporated in a new proposal for Frøforsyningen. When combining the characteristics from the city and the rural landscape, Frøforsyningen will be con- nected to both the north and south of Roskilde. The connections with the city should therefor be both of physical and mental character.
The concept for this project is three main parts on the site. Instead of having spatial experiences across Frøforsyningen the biggest spatial experiences is located alongside it. One should be able to navigate in the area by going alongside and across the site. Spatial experiences should be found mostly in different vegetation and a greater connection in the middle should serve as the nerve in the proposal. Implantation of the housing should be done in stages. The picture shows how the buildings DUH WKRXJKW WR GHYHORS LQWR WKH DUHD %\ WDNHQ YHJHWDWLRQ RXW IURP D VSHFL¿F SODFH DQG establish a building structure in the same spot, the change in the site will not be that big. It is the concept to use this strategy for the most of the housing in the area. The shapes of WKHVH VSHFL¿F ORFDWLRQ VKRXOG VWDQG RXW DV D GLIIHUHQW HOHPHQW LQ WKH SODQ
New housing
6SHFL¿F VHOHFWLRQ RI YHJHWDWLRQ
Surrounding vegetation
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DESIGNPROPOSAL 1:2500
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MASTERPLAN IN 1:1000 CAN BE FOUND IN THE BACK OF THE ASSIGMENT
FRĂ˜FORSYNINGEN Frøforsyningen  is  a  design  proposal  for  a  new  urban  area  in  the  city  of  Roskilde.  This  urban  area  will  have  a  clear  green  strcture  and  consist  of  three  main  elements:  the  Plantation,  the  Path,  and  the  Open  Park.  7KH 3ODQWDWLRQ LV GHÂżQHG DV WKH YHJHWDWHG DUHD LQ WKH VRXWKHUQ SDUW RI )UÂĄIRUV\QLQJHQ ,W LV referred  to  as  the  Plantation  due  to  the  structural  vegetation.  Trees  are  planted  in  a  grid  and  will  give  the  impression  of  a  plantation.  In  time  this  grid  will  disappear  and  the  Plantation  will  develop  into  a  small  urban  forest.  The  Path  between  the  Plantation  and  the  Open  Park  is  a  not  only  the  main  linking  element  in  the  site  but  also  the  place  where  visitors  will  meet.  With  its  size  it  brings  not  only  possibilities  for  active  use  in  the  city  but  also  for  social  gatherings.  It  is  wide  enough  for  skateboarders,  joggers  and  strollers  to  meet  each  other  without  interfering  the  others.  The  concrete  path  will  create  a  great  place  for  taking  a  walk  on  the  edge  of  the  Plantation  or  enjoying  the  view  of  the  Open  Park.  The  Open  Park  is  a  green  recreational  space  with  room  for  many  outdoor  activites.  Here  the  family  comes  to  meet  for  a  picnic,  the  children  to  play  soccer,  the  couple  to  relax  in  the  sun  or  simply  visitors  coming  to  experience  the  meet  between  the  different  spatial  areas  and  the  contrast  between  park  and  railway  station.  Frøforsyningen  will  develop  into  a  housing  and  retail  area  in  the  future.  But  to  due  this,  the  site  needs  to  evolve  from  being  a  fragmented  parking  area.  The  housing  implementation  is  done  alongside  the  development  of  the  landscape  as  it  transform.  The  Silhouettes  are  the  circles  where  the  buildings  will  be  established  in  the  future.  These  Silhouettes  stands  out  from  the  rest  of  the  site  by  having  a  different  vegetation  –  or  non  –  than  what  surrounds  it.  These  spatial  experiences  that  emerges  in  between  either  the  Plantation  or  the  Open  Park  will  immediately  creating  the  feeling  of  being  different.  In  the  future  when  the  Silhouettes  are  transformed  into  Silos  the  change  will  not  be  as  major,  as  it  would  have  been  if  there  had  been  no  clear  marking  of  future  housing.  In  this  way  people  will  know  from  the  beginning  that  WKLV VSHFLÂżF DUHD LV WR EHFRPH VRPHWKLQJ HOVH WKDQ LW LV QRZ Frøforsyningen  is  a  proposal  for  a  new  way  of  thinking  housing  development  by  prioritizing  the  landscape  before  the  housing.  Establishing  buildings  in  the  existing  landscape  instead  of  designing  the  landscape  in  between  the  existing  buildings. Â
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BUILDINGS & STRUCTURES
VEGETATION
CONNECTIONS AND TRAFFIC
44
The masterplan is broken into these three layers to fully explain them and create a clear overlooking structure of the proposal.
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CONNECTIONS & TRAFFIC 1:2500
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Path  Alongside  the  railway,  in  the  middle  of  the  site,  a  path  is  established.  The  path  that  goes  from  the  south-Âwestern  entrance  to  the  north-Âeastern  entrance  is  made  from  concrete.  It  lies  as  a  strong  element  in  the  site  and  will  not  only  function  as  a  transport  route,  but  also  a  place  for  a  variation  of  activities. Â
Parkin  Garage At  the  north-Âeastern  entrance  of  the  site  an  entrance  to  the  underground  parking  garage  is  situated  just  beside  of  the  concrete  path.  This,  and  the  entrance  at  the  old  round  a  bout,  is  the  only  entrances  to  the  parking  garage.  Visitors  going  to/from  the  station  or  the  city  centre  will  be  using  the  entrance  at  the  new  crossing  where  Køgevej  meets  Ny Â Ă˜stergade. Â
The  path  varies  in  size  and  allows  cyclist,  pedestrians,  strollers  and  skateboarders  to  meet  without  colliding.  In  some  places  the  path  will  have  small  sidebars  and  rails  for  skateboard- ers  or  other  activities.  The  path  will  also  create  a  possibility  for  weekend  fairs  or  small  gatherings  and  not  just  close  to  the  square  near  Frøforsyningen  (building)  but  also  wherever  YLVLWRUV ¿QG VXLWDEOH $ORQJ WKH SDWK WKHUH DUH QR EHQFKHV ¹ WKHVH DUH EHLQJ SODFHG LQ IURQW of  the  retaining  wall  near  the  railways.
The  existing  elevator  is  kept  and  now  serves  as  a  connection  between  the  park  and  the  parking  garage.  The  existing  tunnel  going  under  the  station  platforms  will  now  lead  the  car  owners  to  the  station  or  the  city  through  this. Â
Connections The  two  bridges  creating  physical  connections  between  Frøforsyningen  and  the  city  centre  will  consist  of  corten-Âsteel,  concrete  and  have  lighting  underneath  the  rails.  These  bridges  will  also  provide  a  great  view  over  the  city  and  be  an  attraction  for  visitors  and  thereby  not  RQO\ D WUDIÂżF URXWH
The  northern  part  of  the  parking  garage  will  be  mainly  for  the  people  living  in  the  Silos  due  to  the  lack  of  entrances  to  the  site  from  these.  It  will  be  possible  for  visitors  to  park  underneath  the  Silos  and  use  elevators  to  go  directly  into  the  Silos.  However  it  will  only  be  possible  to  go  KLJKHU WKDQ WKH JURXQG ÀRRU IRU SHRSOH OLYLQJ LQ WKH EXLOGLQJV
The  smaller  paths  in  Frøforsyningen  will  be  gravel  paths.  Due  to  the  established  understory  in  the  plantation  the  need  for  smaller  entrances  to  the  site  is  created  along  Ny Â Ă˜stergade.  These  2  metre  narrow  pathways  all  have  a  way  of  leading  visitors  so  that  the  Open  Park  is  not  clearly  visible  from  the  street.  This  means  that  you  have  to  enter  the  site  to  reveal  what  hides  on  the  other  side.  Wooden  bridges  going  over  minor  wetlands  are  somewhere  an  extension  of  the  gravel  paths.  They  lie  on  top  of  the  concrete  path  and  goes  over  the  wetlands  where  the  tall  grass- es  enclose  the  bridges. Â
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VEGETATION 1:2500
48
Plantation The vegetation will be established in a grid in the southern part of the site. This grid will be clear to see in the beginning, but as the vegetation grows some trees will be removed and WKH JULG ZLOO VORZO\ GLVDSSHDU LQ WKH IXWXUH 7KH WUHHV ZLOO VKHOWHU RXW WKH QRLVH IURP WKH WUDI¿F from the road and create different spatial experiences throughout the site.
By having a different spatial expression the Silhouettes will differ from the surrounding veg- etation. They will thereby create a diversion in the vegetation, so when the housing is intro- duced to the site, the changes will not be too extensive. There has already been something else in this Silhouette so a new intervention will not be a major change. They will be marked with a small corten-steel border to clarify the transition to something else.
As the trees develop it is the intention that they will function as a “seedbank” for the munici- pality. In this way they will be able to select a tree and replace it elsewhere in the city where a new roadside tree is needed or simply a group of trees in a park. The trees established in the Plantation part of the site will be Platanus, Quercus, Popolus and Pinus. These will be further explained in the management plan for the vegetation.
Open Park The open park should also be seen as a transforming part. While the housing development takes place among the enclosed vegetation, the green urban space could become a paved area with potential to become an extensive public square in the city
The pathsystem between the trees will guide visitors through different spatial impressions and due to the bend on the paths the open park will not be directly visible from the path. This provides a feeling of something secret being revealed as you get closer. The species in the vegetation has been selected due to their different expressions. This will contribute to the different spatial experiences – branch structures, leaf colours and light com- ing through the crown will all be a part of the changing experience – during all the seasons.
For now it mainly consists of cut grass and scattered poplar trees. In some places a part of the enclosed vegetation is introduced to abrupt the sightlines of the park. The green open character creates possibility for many different outdoor activities. Along the railways a retain- ing wall is created to reduce some of the noise from the trains and to provide a back for the entire site and for the benches. The concrete benches are put up against the wall and create a great place to enjoy the beams on a sunny day.
There will also be established an understory in the vegetation. An understory that consist of a mix between Hedera, Pteridophyta, Geranium, Vinca, Anemone, Ribes, Fragaria vesca and a variation of wild grasses. It will be established in different places with a different mix that will be further explained the vegetation strategy in the next chapter.
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BUILDINGS & ELEMENTS 1:2500
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Frøforsyningen  (building)  is  kept  in  its  current  state.  Buildings  introduced  to  the  area  are  the  Silos.  Round  buildings  of  mainly  glass  and  steel  will  become  the  new  households  in  Frøforsyningen  –  these  are  explained  further  in  the  following  chapter.  Street  light Due  to  the  lack  of  similar  streetlight  throughout  Roskilde  the  lights  in  Frøforsyningen  will  differ  as  well.  In  Musicon  the  streetlights  are  yellow  with  small  black  LED  spots  on.  This  streetlight  will  be  introduced  to  Frøforsyningen.  The  new  lights  will  contribute  to  a  connection  between  Musicon  and  Frøforsyningen  and  remind  visitors  of  the  other  urban  area.  Furthermore  the  lights  are  far  more  noticeable  than  ordinary  streetlight  due  to  their  colour  and  are  therefor  chosen  to  create  a  colourful  state- ment  in  the  wintertime  as  well  as  in  the  summer.  Trashcans  will  be  placed  beside  every  5th  lamp  and  will  be  in  yellow  as  well  to  create  a  connection  between  the  two  elements.  Benches  &  Rails The  Path  in  Frøforsyningen  is  dedicated  to  movement.  This  means  that  benches  and  other  places  endorcing  stay  is  placed  alongside  the  retaining  wall  near  the  railway.  Visitors  will  be  able  to  sit  at  these  long  concrete  benches  with  their  back  turned  to  the  railway  and  overlook- ing  the  area.  Â
Existing  elements  &  Retaining  walls.  The  old  streetlight  from  the  railway  mimics  the  direction  in  which  the  railway  used  to  lie.  To- gether  with  the  steel  constructions  going  over  the  retaining  wall  and  catches  on  to  the  station  platforms  and  lights,  these  reminds  visitors  of  the  sites  history.  Retaining  walls  along  the  railway  and  along  a  part  of  Ny Â Ă˜stergade  functions  as  a  physical  barrier.  The  height  of  the  wall  is  1.5  metre  which  allows  almost  anyone  to  look  over  the  wall  and  still  be  able  to  see  the  trains.  The  retaining  wall  at  Ny Â Ă˜stergade  serves  the  actual  purpose  of  retaining  the  sloping  terrain  due  to  a  change  in  the  terrain  on  the  site.  The  retaining  wall  alongside  the  railway  will  also  become  a  centre  for  urban  or  street  art.  *UDIÂżWL DUWLVW DUH IUHH WR XVH WKH UHWDLQLQJ ZDOO IRU DQ\ DUW +RZHYHU UHJXODWLRQV ZLOO EH QHFHV- sary  to  some  extend  to  ensure  that  the  amount  of  art  will  have  some  standard,  so  that  is  will  PDNH VHQVH WR DFWXDOO\ NHHS LW 7HDFKLQJ FRXUVHV LQ JUDIÂżWL VNLOOV FRXOG EH FRQGXFWHG LQ WKH JURXQG Ă€RRU RI WKH 6LORV Near  the  retaining  wall  at  the  railway  minor  rainwater  drainages  will  be  established  in  the  JURXQG 7KH VORSLQJ WHUUDLQ ZLOO QDWXUDOO\ OHDG WKH UDLQ WKURXJK WKH 3ODQWDWLRQ ÂżUVW ZKHUH most  of  the  rain  will  be  absorbed  underneath  the  trees.  The  rain  that  is  not  absorbed  will  be  gathered  in  the  Open  Park,  but  at  heavy  raining  these  installation  will  take  up  the  rain,  and  also  not  to  create  heavy  puddles  alongside  the  retaining  wall. Â
Benches  are  also  placed  at  Frøtorvet,  the  paved  area  in  front  og  Frøforsyningen.  Black  iron  UDLOV DUH HVWDEOLVKHG LQ VSHFLÂżF SODFHV DORQJVLGH WKH SDWK 7KHVH ZLOO FUHDWH D SK\VLFDO EDUUL- er  at  the  edge  but  also  create  a  possibility  for  skaters  and  others  to  use  them  in  their  activity.  These  could  also  be  used  as  a  very  short-Âterm  place  to  take  a  break.  Frøtorvet At  the  corner  of  Frøforsyning  a  paved  area  is  created.  The  pavement  takes  it  inspiration  from  the  old  pavement  at  Roskilde  Cathedral  but  also  from  the  newly  established  pavement  in  StĂŚndertorvet.  Flat  13x17  cm  brickstones  in  red  nuances  is  layed  in  front  of  Frøforsyningen  and  around  the  corners.  These  smaller  squares  contain  benches,  scattered  trees,  streetlight  and  also  smaller  foun- tains.  The  fountains  will  create  a  subtle  sound  of  water  to  isolate  the  sound  coming  from  the  trains.  The  paved  area  at  the  corner  of  Frøforsyningen  is  established  so  that  Frøforsyningen  can  be  seen  from  the  Path.  This  is  done  not  to  isolate  Frøforsyningen  completely  from  its  surroundings. Â
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Spatial section 1:250
B
Showing the relation between Frøforsyingen (building), the proposed housing and the green landscape surrounding them. b
Open Park Retaining wall B 52
Existing railway light
Silo C
Path New street lights
T
The Plantation
Frøforsyningen
Frøtorvet Bench alongside Frøforsyningen
The Plantation Sidewalk at Ny Østergade b 53
This section shoew the transitions between the three main parts of the park. The transition from the Plantation, the Path and the Open Park. One of the minor wetlands has also been included in the section to give an impression of scale. Furthermore this section has been made in 10 and 20 years as well to experience the change in vegetation. These sections can be seen in the next pages.
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C
Transition section 1:250
5 years from establishment of Frøforsyningen
The Plantation Elevator descenting to parking garage
Path
Wetland
Open Park
Wooden bridge 55
c
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C
SECTION 1:250
10 years from establishment of Frøforsyningen
The Plantation Elevator descenting to parking garage
Path
Wetland
Open Park
Wooden bridge 57
c
58
C
SECTION 1:250
20 years from establishment of Frøforsyningen
The Plantation Elevator descenting to parking garage
Path
Wetland
Open Park
Wooden bridge 59
c
SILHOUETTES 1:2500
I
II
III V
VI
VII
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IV
V Â -Â Â TRANSITION Â Â
7KH 6LOKRXHWWH LQ WKH RSHQ SDUN ZLWK D IHZ 4XHUFXV DQG Ă€RZHU SHUHQQLDOV 7KH Ă€RZHU perennials  is  from  seedmix  No.  2  (see  appendix).  The  edge  of  the  perennials  will  not  have  a  corten-Âsteel  edge  as  the  other  Silhouettes  but  will  be  cut  very  strict  and  will  clearly  be  a  distinguished  part  of  the  open  park.  The  clear  cut  of  the  edge  will  also  provide  the  feeling  of  WKH Ă€RZHU SHUHQQLDOV DV EHLQJ D FKRVHQ HOHPHQW DQG QRW UDQGRP HPHUJHQFH RI XQFXW JUDVV
I Â & Â II Â -Â Â ENCLOSED Â & Â OPENING
Exists  of  cut  grass.  The  grass  will  only  be  mowed  every  other  time  the  grass  in  the  open  park  is  cut.  The  grass  will  thereas  be  a  little  higher  in  between  cuttings  and  will  provide  a  more  wild  look  and  an  statement  of  “the  earth  is  toxicâ€?.  This  is  for  both  the  ENCLOSED  &  the  OPENING  thereas  only  one  has  been  described.  The  two  silhouettes  will  give  an  impression  of  respectively  an  opened  and  closed  feeling. Â
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VII - INCLUDING
IV - ELEVATION
In the INCLUDING Silhouette there will be a grove of Betula where the concrete path will cut straight through and thereby creates a spatial experience not seen in the others. Not planted LQ D JULG 7KH XQGHUVWRU\ ZLOO EH RI 1R VHHGPL[ WDOO SXUSOH ÀRZHU VHHGV
Prunus stand not established in grid. The trees can be smaller than other established trees – in that case there should be a higher amount of trees. Understory of No. 1 seedmix WDOO ZKLWH ÀRZHU VHHGV 7KH EULGJH JRLQJ WKURXJK WKH 6LOKRXHWWH LV HOHYDWHG DQG DORQJ WKH bridge pedestrian will experience walking through the crowns which will be especially beauti- IXO QHDU VSULQJ VHDVRQ ZKHQ WKH WUHHV ZLOO EH FRYHUHG LQ SLQN ÀRZHUV
III - REVEAL
VI - REDUCED
Metasequoia established in the same grid as surrounding trees. Understory of Pteridium aquilinum (fern). The lower branches of Metasequoia should be cut during growth to keep a clear sight through the vegetation and to make room for Pteridium. The ferns will probably grow into a height of 1.5 m where they should be kept.
Silhouette with trees from the plantation in a grid but with a different understory. The understory will be of Hedera and will most likely keep other emergences clear by itself and therefor will need no special maintenance. The edge of corten-steel will make the Silhouette stand out but due to the small interventions it will have a subtle feeling of change.
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MANAGEMENT & STRATEGY
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MANAGEMENT  PLAN  FOR  VEGETATION The  trees  in  the  southern  part  of  Frøforsyningen  will  be  established  in  a  4x4  meter  grid.  In  the  beginning  this  grid  will  be  visible  and  the  size  of  the  trees  will  be  so  small  that  it  will  give  an  impression  of  being  a  plantation. As  the  trees  grow  the  thinning  should  be  done  in  a  way  to  both  respect  the  trees  and  give  them  room  to  grow,  but  not  to  remove  trees  to  fast.  In  20  years  the  grid  will  no  longer  be  visible  when  more  than  50%  of  the  trees  should  have  been  removed.  Between  the  year  of  establishement  and  5  years  there  should  be  no  thinnigs.  Between  5  to  10  years  there  should  be  a  thinning  of  about  25%.  From  10  to  20  years  there  should  be  a  thinning  of  about  50%.  This  last  thinning  depends  on  the  condition  of  trees  and  size.  If  the  crowns  have  not  yet  started  to  grow  together  the  trees  can  be  kept  longer. Â
Planting
The  plantation  should  give  the  impression  of  being  a  small  urban  forest  with  a  mix  of  Quer- cus,  Platanus,  Populus  and  Pinus.  Some  trees  will  be  standing  close  to  each  other  so  that  the  crowns  will  grow  together  and  some  will  stand  as  single  trees  and  the  trees  are  going  to  keep  their  characterist  form.  This  is  going  to  provide  a  varied  look  throughout  the  site.  Trees  established  in  the  Silhouettes  or  in  the  northern  part  of  the  site  will  be  “scatteredâ€?.  This  PHDQV WKDW WKH JULG VKRXOG QRW EH DV VSHFLÂżF DV IRU WKH SODQWDWLRQ EXW ZKHQ HVWDEOLVKLQJ LW LV recognized  that  planting  will  take  place  in  a  grid  of  some  kind.  The  planting  should  strive  to  look  random.  The  trees  in  the  open  park  should  be  removed  when  the  crowns  start  to  grow  together  in  a  way  that  instead  of  helping  each  other  the  trees  starts  to  compete.  The  trees  should  then  stand  as  single  trees  in  the  open  park.
5 Â Years
Trees  in  the  Silhouettes  should  be  removed  along  the  development  to  avoid  crowns  growing  together.  When  reaching  the  age  of  5  years  after  established  the  thinning  should  stop  and  they  should  develop  naturally. All  lower  branches  (app.  2  meters  from  the  ground)  of  the  trees  should  be  trimmed  every  year  to  keep  a  clear  sight  beneath  the  crowns.  The  only  exception  is  the  trees  in  the  open  park  where  lower  branches  should  be  kept  to  emphasize  the  characteristic  form  of  the  trees,  when  they  will  stand  as  single  trees  in  the  park.
10 Â Years
The  relatively  high  age  of  the  established  trees  will  mean  that  there  is  no  need  to  keep  the  earth  beneath  clear.  The  trees  will  have  a  lesser  need  for  a  kept  ground  beneath  them.  There  will  be  introduced  a  mix  of  understory  amongst  the  plantation.
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The  natural  understory  should  emerge  between  the  understories  that  are  introduced  in  the  beginning.  The  most  important  is  to  have  a  wild  and  nature  looking  understory  in  the  entire  vegetation.  In  the  Silhouettes  the  understory  should  be  kept  clean  from  emergences  of  natural  understory  if  possible.
20 Â Years
Planting 0 % 5 Years
10 Years
20 Years
25 %
50 %
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HOUSING  IMPLEMENTATION When  Frøforsyningen  is  established  there  will  be  established  3  Silo  buildings.  These  will  stand  as  example  for  the  future  housing  and  will  be  sold  as  apartments  right  away.  The  buildings  will  be  round  and  be  of  green  re-Âused  glass  and  glass  with  mirror  effect.  The  JUHHQ JODVV ZLOO FUHDWH D VKLPPHULQJ HIIHFW RQ WKH VLORV DQG WKH PLUURU JODVV ZLOO UHĂ€HFW WKH surroundings,  which  the  silos  are  situated.  In  the  wintertime  when  almost  all  trees  will  be  naked  the  silos  will  give  off  a  shimmering  green  effect.  The  shape  of  the  buildings  will  mimic  the  history  of  Frøforsyningen  (building)  of  being  a  seed  sorting  company  and  the  round  building  will  symbolize  seed-Âsiloes.  7KH VWRULHV RI WKH VLORHV ZLOO YDU\ IURP KRZHYHU WKH\ DOO KDYH WKH ÂłSXEOLF´ Ă€RRU LQ FRP- PRQ 7KLV JURXQG Ă€RRU ZLOO EH RI VHH WKURXJK JODVV DQG EH RSHQ WR WKH SXEOLF ZLWK GLIIHUHQW activities.  Examples  could  be  night  school  for  further  training,  cycle  repair  shop  driven  by  YROXQWHHUV JUDIÂżWL OHDUQLQJ VFKRRO GD\ FDUH FHQWUHV DQG PRUH 7KLV LV WR FUHDWH D FRQQHFWLRQ between  the  buildings  and  the  site  to  avoid  a  missing  link  between  buildings  and  surround- ings.  ,W LV WKH LGHD WKDW ZKHQ WKH YHJHWDWLRQ LQ WKH VLWH KDV UHDFKHG D VSHFLÂżF KHLJKW WKH 6LO- houettes  is  cleared  for  whatever  vegetation  (or  no  vegetation)  that  was  established.  The  EXLOGLQJV FDQ WKHQ EH FRQVWUXFWHG LQ WKH VSHFLÂżF 6LOKRXHWWH 7KH JURXQG Ă€RRU FDQ LQ WKH IXWXUH GHYHORS LQWR UHWDLO DQG PLQRU VXSHUPDUNHWV 7KH PDUNHW for  creating  these  in  the  beginning  will  be  less  and  the  importance  of  creating  places  for  social  activities  is  higher.  This  will  bring  people  to  the  site  and  create  an  identity  for  Frøforsy- QLQJHQ DV D VRFLDO DQG JUHHQ HQYLURQPHQW ,Q WKH IXWXUH WKH VLWH ZLOO EHQHÂżW IURP WKLV GXH WR the  already  existing  identity  when  creating  new  households.  From  every  building  there  will  be  a  direct  passage  to  the  underground  parking  garage.  The  site  will  be  kept  free  of  cars  in  anytime  in  the  future.  This  means  that  when  all  the  buildings  have  emerged  on  the  site  will  become  a  smaller  car-Âless  urban  area.  The  Silhouettes  will  functions  as  “space-Âgiversâ€?  to  these  buildings.  When  the  vegetation  KDV UHDFKHG D VSHFLÂżF KHLJKW QHZ LQYHVWRUV DUH IRXQG RU DQ\ RWKHU IDFWRU LV SUHVHQW WKHVH Silhouettes  can  be  cleared  from  vegetation  and/or  the  understory  and  a  building  can  take  its  place.
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Green  re-Âused  glass  for  the  facade  of  the  silos. Â
Reference to “Grøndalsvej” in Århus by Schmidt/Hammer/Lasse architects.
Reference to the silos in Nordhavn, that are currently being established.
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CONCLUSION
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CONCLUSION This assignment proposes a solution for the development of Frøforsyningen to becoming a joint recreational urban area. The transformation in both vegetation and developing housing area creates a vibrant area in the city that respects the landscape but also have a realistic approach to the development. The process of housing implementation is divided in stages so that the transition from urban park to housing area is not abrupt. The established vegetation creates an identity for the site as a green and recreational area in the city that is able to adapt housing without making huge compromising in the composition of the site. This means that a new housing area in Roskilde is not just a housing area. It becomes a green urban space with the possibility to live in. The new architectural expression of the housing also increases the interest and emphasizes the feeling of the site being a new way of thinking housing development in the city. The connections between Frøforsyningen and the city are emphasized both in physical and more abstract ways. The physical is created by the bridges going over the railway – both for pedestrians and cyclists. The tunnel going under the railway is dark, unwelcoming and not easy to use for cyclists. They need to get off their bikes to cross the area, but the bridges allows cyclists to The vision of Roskilde municipialty was for Frøforsyingen to become a housing and retail area that should be constructed in following years. The housing should be made in stages as well, but there were no clear strategy or vision for the landscape between the housing. This proposal also implement housing in stages but the development would probably be slower in this proposal than what the municipality would want.
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REFLECTION
Frøforsyningen  proposed  housing  implantation  in  a  longer  process  than  what  the  munic- ipality  would  want.  The  investigations  and  decisions  to  create  a  transforming  landscape  alongside  the  housing  development  is  the  reason  for  creating  a  longer  timespand  in  the  implementation  of  the  households.  The  potentials  that  the  transforming  landscape  would  give  to  the  housing  is  hopefully  going  to  be  of  a  greater  value,  than  if  the  housing  were  established  in  a  shorter  time  spand.  The  cost  of  the  creation  of  this  proposal  is  of  a  relatively  high  amount.  The  app.  1500  estab- lished  trees,  different  understories  and  preparation  of  the  current  site  would  be  expensive.  7KH SURSRVDO VKRXOG EH VHHQ LQ D FRVW EHQHÂżW SHUVSHFWLYH Âą LQ WKH VKRUW WHUP )UÂĄIRUV\QLQ- gen  will  be  a  recreational  green  area  with  small  trees  and  young  vegetation  but  should  strive  to  not  look  “undoneâ€?.  The  transformation  should  be  the  main  priority  and  should  be  expressed,  to  give  an  un- derstanding  of  how  the  projects  is  thought  to  develop.  In  20  years  this  urban  area  will  be  a  housing  and  retail  area  with  a  fully  grown  vegetation  and  have  a  strong  identity  and  will  be  well  known  in  Roskilde.  This  should  therefor  be  remembered  when  establishing  the  project  in  the  beginning.  This  process  could  also  be  used  in  other  places  when  creating  housing  development.  The  thought  about  preparing  the  landscape  for  housing  years  prior  to  the  construction,  would  be  EHQHÂżFLDO RI ERWK WKH PXQLFLSDOLW\ WKDW QHHGV WR VHOO WKHVH KRXVLQJ ORWV DQG WKH EX\HUV WKDW will  buy  a  house  /  apartment  that  is  situated  in  a  already  The  process  of  this  assignment  has  been  very  learning  for  me  as  a  landscape  architect  and  forced  me  to  think  about  how  my  role  as  a  landscape  architect  should  be. Â
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LITTERATURE Books:  Brander,  Poul  Erik.  TrÌer  Og  Buske  I  By  Og  Land.  Forlaget  Grønt  Miljø,  2010.  Print.
Platanus  X  acerifolia   (http://www.canadaplants.ca/photos/Platanus%20%20X%20acerifolia.JPG)
Frederiksen,  Signe,  Finn  N  Rasmussen,  and  Ole  Seberg.  Dansk  Flora.  København:  Gylden- dal,  2006.  Print.
Pinus  sylvestris  KWWSV ERVHQQDWXXU ¿OHV ZRUGSUHVV FRP SLQXV V\OYHVWULV ERV MSJ
Gehl,  Jan.  Byer  For  Mennesker.  [Kbh.]:  BogvÌrket,  2010.  Print.
Betula  pendula  (http://www.parha.net/JPG/Lehtipuut/11.%20Betula%20pendula%20Rauduskoivu.JPG)
Articles: Roskilde  Kommune,  2015  (“konkurrence  program  for  Ny Â Ă˜stergade-Âarealetâ€?) KWWS URVNLOGH GN VLWHV GHIDXOW ÂżOHV BURVNLOGHBQ\BRHVWHUJDGHBQRWDWBZHEBORZBUHVB spreads.pdf
Interviews: Per  Steenholdt  (facebook  gruppen  â€?Roskilde  i  Billederâ€?).  Quoted  from  â€?Danske  Landbofore- ningers  Frøforsyning,  Roskildeâ€?,  1906-Â27.1.-Â1956.  12th  September  2015 Birgit  Rasmussen  (mail  interview  12th  September  2015).  Pictures  from  private  collection  of  Frøforsyningen  and  its  development  in  1949-Â1950. Â
Online www.nykilde.dk  (seed  selections) Seedmix  1:  http://nykilde.dk/product/hoej-Âhvid-Âblomsterfroeblanding-Â174/ Seedmix  2:  http://nykilde.dk/product/lav-Âsommerblomst-Âfroeblanding-Â162/ Seedmix  3:  http://nykilde.dk/product/hoej-Âlilla-Âblomsterfroeblanding-Â177/
Photocredits: Photoes  of  vegetation  in  listed  order.  Quercus  rubra  (http://www.skovplanter.dk/media/108543/rødeg%20057.jpg,  https://upload.wikimedia.org/ ZLNLSHGLD FRPPRQV E 4XHUFXVBUXEUD MSJ Populus  tremula  (http://www.tenhoven-Âbomen.nl/upload/productphoto//5522-ÂPopulus%20tremula%20 LQ ]RPHU BELJ MSJ KWWS VWDWLF ]RRQDU GH LPJ ZZZBUHSRVLWRU\ GD F E B I E- 37f680f96c1c500369366f02bcc.jpg) 74     Â
Prunus  serrulata  (http://www.sonoma.watersavingplants.com/PlantMaster/Photos/523a.jpg,  http://www. FLUUXVLPDJH FRP 7UHHV MDSDQHVHBPWQBFKHUU\ -3* Metasequia  glyptostroboides  KWWS ZZZ ERPHQJLGV QO SLFV 0HWDVHTXRLDBB0HWDVHTXRLDBBJO\SWRVWURERLGHVBB'DZQBUHG- ZRRG#PHWDVHTXRLD# #ERRPWUHH#LPJB MSJ Amagerstrandpark KWWS ZZZ GDF GN ,PDJHV LPJ [ 0 B B$PDJ- HU6WUDQGSDUNB.)B MSJ  KWWS ZZZ DPDJHU VWUDQG GN VLWHV GHIDXOW ¿OHV XSORDGV SXEOLF VHFWLRQSDJH ORHEHUH MSJ Alnarps  Västerskog  og  Tor  Nitzelius  Park KWWS EORJV VZHFR VH DUNLWHNWXURUHVXQG ¿OHV ,0*B OLWH OLWH PLQGUH MSJ https://www.facebook.com/Landskabsarkitektur/photos Grøndalsvej  in  Århus: Schmidt/Hammer/Lassen  architechts Nordhavn  Silos: KWWS PXOWLPHGLD SRO GN DUFKLYH 6LOR GLVWDB D MSJ
REFERENCES Amager strandpark
Alnarp västerskog & Tor Nitzelius Park
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PART THREE PROCESS & APPENDIX
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PROCESS Chronologically shown models and sketches.
First concept model
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Initial sketching idea for the path
Dividing the park into characterist areas
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Sketch proposal with small islands of vegetation in a wetland. The idea was then to create a forest, meadow and the ocean with islands og vegetation
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Office Silo
Initial drawing on computer to specify ideas
Wild meadow
Hestetorvet
Lawn Gråbrødre Cemetery
Silo C
Roskilde Station
Silo B Wild meadow
Silo A Pedestrian bridge
Prunus grove Her
Larix grove
sega
gade
bane
FRØFORSYNINGEN / THE SEED SUPPLY
de
Jern
Water mirror
Metasequoia grove New bicycle parking
Multicourts
Lawn
Bike and pedestrian bridge
de
erga
Øst Ny
p
sto
Bus Public square
Betula grove
Alnus grove
j
geve
Kø
j
Køgeve
Later drawing that shows the plantation and water instead of the open park.
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Latest concept model
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APPENDIX Established  in  the  Plantation •  Quercus  rubra  •  Populus  tremula  •  Platanus  X  acerifolia   •  Pinus  sylvestris  Established  in  the  different  Silhouettes: •  Betula  pendula  •  Prunus  serrulata  •  Metasequia  glyptostroboides  • Â
Populus  tremula Seedmix  No.  1  (Elevation  Silhouette):  Ammi  majus,  Antirrhinum  majus  maximum,  Callistephus  chinensis,  Centaurea  cyanus,  Cen- taurea  cyanus,  Cleome  hassleriana,  Cosmos  bipinnatus,  Delphinium  consolida,  Gypsophila  HOHJDQV +\VVRSXV RI¿FLQDOLV /LQXP SHUHQQH /XSLQXV SHUHQQLV 3KOR[ GUXPPRQGLL 6DOYLD KRUPLQXP 6DSRQDULD YDFFDULD 6DOYLD RI¿FLQDOLV =LQQLD HOHJDQV Seedmix  No.  2  (Transition  Silhouette):  Anchusa  capensis  dwarf  mixed,  Antirrhinum  m.p.  Tom  Thumb  mixed,  Calendula  Fiesta  Gi- tana  mixed,  Cheiranthus  allionii  orange,  Cheiranthus  maritimus  mixed,  Callistephus  Colour  Carpet  mixed,  Cynoglossum  amabile  Firmament,  Dahlia  dwf  sgl  Mignon  mixed,  Dianthus  heddewigii  Baby  Doll,  Echium  plant.  dwf  Hybrids  mxd,  Iberis  amara  Iceberg,  Gilia  leptantha, Godetia  gr.  Monarch  dwf  mixed,  Helichrysum  Tom  Thumb  mixed,  Lobularia  pr.  Snowcloth,  Matthiola  dwarf  Ten  Week  mixed,  Nemophila  maculata,  Salvia  splendens  red,  Reseda  odorata  ameliorata,  Silene  armeria  rubra  Electra,  Silene  pendula  single   mixed,  Iberis  amara  Iceberg.
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Seedmix  No.  3  (Including  Silhouette): Ammi  majus,  Antirrhinum  majus  maximum,  Callistephus  chinensis,  Centaurea  cyanus,  Cleome  hassleriana,  Cosmos  bipinnatus,  Delphinium  consolida,  Echium  plantagineum,  Lu- pinus  perennis,  Matthiola  bicornis,  Ocimum  basilicum,  Phacelia  congesta,  Salvia  horminum,  6FDELRVD DWURSXUSXUHD 6HWDULD PDFURFKHDWD =LQQLD HOHJDQV
No. Â 1
No. Â 2
No. Â 3
Platanus x acerifolia Metaseqouia glyptostroboides
Quercus rubra - fall colours
Quercus rubra
Pinus sylvestris
Betula pendula
3UXQXV VHUUXODWD ÀRZHULQJ
Prunus serrulata
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FRØFORSYNINGEN
Platanus Populus Quercus
Masterplan 1:1000
Pinus