Adviser August 2018 by CAPCA

ADVISER AUGUST 2018 | VOL . XXI, NO. 4

California Association of Pest Control Advisers www.capca.com

Cover photo and this page: Fred Rehrman, Elysian Fields

Table of Contents GOVERNMENT 06

Government Relations Update

CAPCA Staff

AG COMMISSIONER PROFILE 10

Cathy Fisher: Addressing Challenge and Change in Santa Barbara County

CAPCA Staff

COMMUNICATIONS 18

Application Insights and Considerations

California Agricultural Aircraft Association

UC IPM 36

Red Imported Fire Ants in San Joaquin Valley Almond Orchards

Kris Tollerup

FARM ADVISORS 40 44

Management of Aphids in Lettuce Grown in California Central Coast

Alejandro Del-Pozo, H. Alejandro Merchan, and Richard Smith

Weedy Rice in California: Addressing an Emerging Pest Through Research and Outreach

Luis Espino, Whitney Brim-DeForest, and Tim Johnson

DEPARTMENTS

05 From the Editor

Featured: Organics

CAPCA Ed

Career Opportunities

Featured: Nutrients

Continuing Education

CCA Update

AT THE CENTER OF PLANT HEALTH

CAPCA EDITORIAL STAFF Ruthann Anderson - Editor Joyce Basan - Deputy Editor Dee Strowbridge - Membership/Conference Sylvia Stark - Advertising Sales Manager Ariana McCray - So. CA Representative Rachel Taft - Executive Assistant Adam Barsanti - Outreach Relations Manager Ixchel Flannery - Office Administrator/ Membership Liaison Graphic Design - Rosemary N. Southward southwardr@comcast.net

From the Editor CAPCA’s Industry Outreach Continues to Grow Engagement through collaboration has been a high priority for CAPCA in 2018. Along with collaborating with CACASA on the Bee Where project, we have led the way in building a support coalition within the industry, including the California Aerial Applicators Association (CAAA). Over several meetings with CAAA board members, it became clear that we had opportunities for better communication and engagement beyond the bee issue. During a ride in an application helicopter in Ventura this summer, I received a first-hand look at some of the new technology and philosophies of aerial applications. For those writing aerial applications, we hope to bring some of this educational experience to CE this summer and fall with “Writing Aerial Application Recommendations and Drift Mitigation” at CAPCA Ed meetings including Fresno, Tulare and Modesto locations. Additionally, CAAA has invited local CAPCA chapters to participate in an educational networking opportunity on November 14th in Visalia. For event details, see page 18 or visit www.capca. com/events. We look forward to these interactions increasing the knowledge and professionalism of all stakeholders with recommendations and applications in the field. Thank you to Rob Scherzinger from Aspen Helicopters for the “fly-along" during my recent visit with the Ventura CAPCA Chapter. █ Ruthann Anderson, Editor ruthann@capca.com

MISSION & PURPOSE California Association of Pest Control Advisers (CAPCA) is a non-profit voluntary mutual benefit association that represents 75% of the 4,000 California EPA licensed pest control advisers. CAPCA’s purpose is to serve as the leader in the evolution of the pest management industry through the communication of reliable information. CAPCA is dedicated to the professional development and enhancement of our members’ education and stewardship which includes legislative, regulatory, continuing education and public outreach activities. PUBLISHING INFORMATION CAPCA Adviser is published bi-monthly by the California Association of Pest Control Advisers (CAPCA), 2300 River Plaza Dr., Suite 120, Sacramento, California 95833. Web: www.capca.com, (916) 928‑1625. POSTMASTER: send address change to CAPCA. A portion of CAPCA membership dues is used to provide subscription privileges to the Adviser magazine. Non-member subscriptions are $30/year. Third class bulk postage paid at Tucson, AZ and at additional mailing offices. CAPCA has endeavored to include appropriate and accurate statements, but disclaims any and all warranties and/or responsibility for the statements or articles submitted to CAPCA Adviser that may have additionally been edited for style, content and space prior to publication. Views expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent CAPCA policies, or positions or endorsements. Editorial content of this publication is educational and informational in nature. No part of this publication, including images, may be reproduced without prior written permission from the publisher. Contact CAPCA at (916) 928‑1625 for reprint authorization. PRINTING: Sundance Press Tucson, Arizona

AUGUST 2018 | CAPCA ADVISER

GOVERNMENT

Government Relations Update: Prop. 65 Rules and regulations are constantly shifting for production agriculture in California. As professionals, you spend a significant portion of your time in continuing education every year to maintain your license through the Department of Pesticide regulations. As you might already know another rule is on the horizon updating Prop 65 posting requirements rolling down to the field starting on August 30th. California’s Proposition 65 (also known as the Safe Drinking Water and Toxic Enforcement Act of 1986—or “Prop 65”) prohibits businesses from exposing people to chemicals on the Prop 65 List without providing “clear and reasonable” warnings. There are three types of exposures for which Prop 65 warnings are required: consumer product, occupational and environmental. In September 2016, the Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (“OEHHA”), the agency tasked with implementing Prop 65, adopted new clear and reasonable warning regulations that become effective on August 30, 2018. Many chemicals listed on the Prop 65 list are pesticides that Pest Control Advisers (PCAs) may recommend, sell and/or apply to fields or in the turf and ornamental context, and Pest Control Operators (PCOs) may apply to fields or in the turf and ornamental context for pest control purposes.

Pest Control Operators under Proposition 65 Pest Control Advisers (“PCAs”) and Pest Control Operators (“PCOs”) have obligations under Proposition 65 (“Prop 65”) when applying Prop 65-listed pesticides or pesticides with Prop 65-listed inert ingredients in the field environment, whether rural or urban. Prop 65 prohibits businesses from exposing people to chemicals on the Prop 65 List without providing “clear and reasonable” warnings. In the field environment, the types of exposures at issue under Prop 65 are occupational exposures, which are exposures of the PCAs/PCOs’ employees and/or the farmer/business’ employees to Prop 65-listed chemicals, and environmental exposures, which are exposures of the public to Prop 65-listed chemicals. Under the new Prop 65 warning regulations, which are effective on August 30, 2018, a PCA/PCO may need to provide a Prop 65 warning when applying a Prop 65-listed pesticide or pesticide with a Prop 65-listed inert ingredient in the field environment if that application will cause an occupational or environmental exposure, and certain other conditions are not met. █ Summary courtesy of Downey Brand. For additional information: www.P65Warnings.ca.gov

Looking at California’s Fiery Future George Soares, Kahn, Soares & Conway

Several legislative proposals are making their way through the Legislature, including SB 1088, which would mandate greater mitigation and safety measures on utilities, but would shift the costs of mitigation to ratepayers. SB 1088 would also shift the costs of wildfire damage to ratepayers if the California Public Utilities Commission finds the utility substantially complied with the mitigation and safety plan. Utilities are generally supportive of this idea, especially in the case of PG&E, which could be liable for an estimated $11 billion in costs from the 2017 wildfires found to have been sparked by PG&E’s failure to properly maintain its infrastructure. Ratepayers are pushing back on the proposal stating it would be a “blank check” for the utilities and dramatically increase ratepayer costs, which are already some of the highest in the nation.

CAPCA ADVISER | AUGUST 2018

Because of these heated discussions, legislative leadership has called a conference committee. The committee is made up of members from the Assembly and Senate and will hold hearings on issues relating to wildfire costs, mitigation and safety measures. They will then attempt to craft a proposal to be voted on by the Legislature before the legislative session ends on August 31. There is great uncertainty in what will come out of the Legislature’s process, but any proposal will have an impact on energy ratepayers. Ratepayers should pay close attention to this issue and reach out to their legislators to ask them to ensure any legislative proposal minimize the costs to ratepayers. █

Photo courtesy of CAL FIRE

The California Legislature is taking a close look at how to mitigate future wildfires and determine who pays for wildfire damage. This comes after 2017’s intense fire season that swept through large parts of California, killing 44 people and burning over 245,000 acres. Wildfires have always been a part of California’s history, but are occurring at a much higher rate. Eight of the twenty most destructive wildfires in California history have occurred since 2015.

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AUGUST 2018 | CAPCA ADVISER

SAVE THE DATE! PATHWAY TO PCA

STUDENT NETWORK EVENT Facilitating Conversation, Investing in the Future

SUNDAY, OCTOBER 14, 2018 | DISNEYLAND HOTEL | ANAHEIM, CA For more information about the Student Network Event, visit capca.com/pca/events/ 12:00 p.m. - 4:00 p.m. | 10:00 a.m. Educators' Workshop Registration Available through CAPCA Conference: capca.com/conference/ EDUCATORS: • 1-Day Student Network Event & Educators' Workshop (Sunday Only) $50

• Full Conference (incl. Student Network Event) $150

• Full Conference (incl. Student Network & Educators' Workshop) $225

CAPCA ADVISER | AUGUST 2018

Photo: Fred Rehrman, Elysian Fields

STUDENTS: • 1-Day Student Network Event (Sunday Only) $50

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AG COMM. PROFILE

Cathy Fisher: Addressing Challenge and Change in Santa Barbara County through Community Engagement and Service CAPCA Staff Cathy Fisher has served as the Santa Barbara County Agricultural Commissioner, Director of Weights & Measures for two terms. She began in the industry in 1988 as an agricultural biologist trainee with Contra Costa County Department of Agriculture. She was promoted to Deputy Agricultural Commissioner in 1998 and appointed by the Contra Costa County Board of Supervisors in 2007 as Chief Deputy before being appointed in 2010 by the Santa Barbara County Board of Supervisors as Agricultural Commissioner/Director of Weights & Measures. Describing this appointment, Fisher says “It was a competitive recruitment that lasted 10 months… [and] one of the biggest challenges of my career was relocating to another county after spending 22 years in Contra Costa County. It’s challenging because you are starting over again. The issues are the same but at a much larger scale. You need to become familiar with each community, individual growers and pest control businesses plus be comfortable with yourself as a public speaker.”

obvious, there was a lot of improvements that needed to be made starting with customer service. Customer service is a top priority for me.”

“I had to take my time,” she says recalling this transition processes, “[to] meet with the individual staff and to do my own assessment on the department’s areas of needed improvement. Early on, it was

Recently Santa Barbara County has been identified as having the largest number of cannabis cultivation licenses issued. Fisher says, “We are anticipating 125 to 150 cannabis businesses to be located

This orientation towards growers and stakeholders is evident in the relevant initiatives Fisher’s department is engaged in: an on-going partnership with the Santa Barbara County Farm Bureau, local pest control companies and Allan Hancock Community College to host an annual Spray Safe event; a two-day Environmental Justice workshop was hosted last December in partnership with the Department of Pesticide Regulation to educate non-profit organizations about the pesticide enforcement program (including a field trip to demonstrate a mock pesticide application inspection); and a recent successful meeting with DPR headquarter staff, the county health officer and several department staff to provide additional information and address all the concerns a local nonprofit had with chlorpyrifos.

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AG COMMISSIONER PROFILE, CONT.

in the county. Some of the cultivators are current growers of cut flowers and other crops. They already have the expertise for pest control and pesticide safety and are in our database. However, the majority of the cannabis cultivators are new to regulations and will require training. We are currently developing a pesticide training program for cannabis cultivators and will be scheduling classes in July.” In May, her office received two complaints of drift from cannabis cultivators alleging their neighbor's application drifted onto their plants. Investigations revealed cannabis cultivators are not familiar with conventional farming practices and pesticide applications. “We are addressing them on a case by case basis, but it is critical that growers, PCAs and PCOs communicate with each other early on about their farming practices and pest control treatment schedules and develop a strategy to address conflicts before problems arise,” Fisher says. More prevalent commodities in Santa Barbara County include strawberries, broccoli, wine grapes, nursery products, cauliflower, head lettuce and cut flowers. Top pest and disease issues in the county are soil pathogens such as Macrophomina and Fusarium. Other pathogens of concern are Pierce's Disease (PD), vectored by Glassy Winged Sharpshooter (GWSS) and Huonglongbing (HLB), vectored by Asian Citrus Psyllid (ACP) - PD kills grapevines and HLB kills citrus trees. GWSS is established only in certain areas of south county as well as ACP. HLB has not been detected in Santa Barbara County however PD has been detected locally in grapevines. A recent problem identified during ACP citrus grower meetings has been applicators are unaware of the beekeeper notification requirements (CCR 6654). “We have many small-scale hives located throughout the county especially south county,” Fisher says. “One general message to get out there is the importance of good communication with your neighbors and the county agriculture department. Applicator’s need to utilize the CACs office as a resource and we encourage the industry to contact us anytime.” Fisher also elaborates on another impact of ACP, “The area wide treatments for commercial citrus growers to control ACP has resulted in secondary pest issues with silver mite. We have only 1400 acres of citrus and a large number of acres are cultivated organically. Many of the materials recommended for ACP control are not allowed for organic certified products. It really limits the tools available to control a variety of pests.” Several years ago, growers told the Department due to buyers’ demand to produce more organic products there is a need for an IPM Specialist. Mel Graham, the Department’s IPM Specialist assists agricultural field managers with their pest problems. Fisher says this year has been especially busy for the Department’s IPM Specialist: “Due to climate conditions, many of the pre-emergents used to control insects in grapevines were not effective due to the 12

CAPCA ADVISER | AUGUST 2018

PHOTO: Commissioner Fisher before surveying the burn area of the Sherpa Fire. Santa Barbara County Ag Commissioner’s Department staff volunteer to work in the Emergency Operations Center (EOC), to support first responders in the field and to provide information with regards to agricultural property owners. Because of the Department’s involvement, first responders now devote resources for fire suppression to protect agriculture versus using it as a buffer. lack of rain. Milder temperatures resulted in multiple generations of mites. Early pest pressures resulted in pest control budgets to be exhausted early in the season. Field managers are having to turn to Integrated Pest Management techniques for pest control.” The shift to organic cultivation is a trend Fisher notes, “The domestic and international market has a growing demand for organic products. Growers who have for generations cultivated using conventional materials are now having to start over and need help understanding what materials are available for organic cultivation. In fact, the 2016 pesticide use report summary for Santa Barbara County showed an increase of pounds used. However, 43% of the increase in pounds was biopesticides. The public needs to understand producing organic commodities requires pest control and the use of biopesticides. Biopesticides are benign products that have no residual effective. Therefore, growers are having to apply them more frequently and at higher rates per acre. They only control pests that are present at the time of application. Examples of biopesticides are garlic oil, liquid soap, peppermint oil, etc.” Today, under Cathy Fisher’s leadership, the Santa Barbara County Ag Commissioner’s Department protects agriculture, natural resources and the quality of life in Santa Barbara County: “Agriculture is open for business pretty much 24/7 on the central coast and depends on the Department’s services to stay in business. The Department has to be available to meet their needs. Growers and other stakeholders know they can pick up the phone and trust that someone will be there to help them and in a language they understand. If I was to identify the biggest highlight for me as commissioner is when a grower lets me know how much they appreciate our customer service.” █

A NEW TOOL TO FIGHT BACTERIAL DISEASES IN WALNUTS, CHERRIES AND POME FRUIT ADVERTORIAL California walnut, cherry and pome fruit growers know how devastating bacterial diseases can be to the health of their orchards and bottom line. What makes matters even more frustrating is when disease control options are limited or only partially effective. The good news is that California growers have a new tool to fight tough bacterial crop diseases in walnuts, cherries, apples and pears. Earlier this year, the state’s Department of Pesticide Regulation (CDPR) granted registration for KASUMIN® Bactericide for control of Walnut blight in walnuts, Bacterial blast and Bacterial canker in cherries, and Fire blight in apples and pears. This Group 24 bactericide from Arysta LifeScience is a powerful new weapon to fight tough bacterial crop diseases while delivering an effective new resistance management tool.

UNIQUE MODE OF ACTION

Kasugamycin, the active ingredient in KASUMIN, features a unique site of activity and mode of action, making it a welcome addition to resistance management strategies. The bactericide also features a high level of preventative activity, so it’s effective on a wide array of plant pathogenic bacteria. “Kasugamycin disrupts the function of the ribosomes, which shuts down the energy of the bacteria,” says Layne Wade, Arysta LifeScience Technical Services Manager.

USE IN ROTATION

The debut of kasugamycin has given walnut, cherry and pome fruit growers the ability to finally rotate chemistries. Most effective when it is used in rotation, the product shows no crossresistance to other bactericides. Arysta LifeScience recommends KASUMIN as part of a sound resistance management program for cherries, walnuts, apples and pears.

WALNUTS

KASUMIN Bactericide is the first new bacterial product registered in walnuts for Walnut blight in 20 years. Walnut blight, caused by the bacteria Xanthomonas arboricola pv. juglandis, is a serious

threat to walnut growers in California. Infections most commonly occur at bloom and during the three weeks following petal fall. Disease symptoms can continue to advance throughout the spring and summer months on leaves and branches. KASUMIN features a pre-harvest interval (PHI) of 100 days for walnuts and has been shown to be a powerful tool in the fight against walnut blight.

CHERRIES

Although Bacterial blast and Bacterial canker aren’t the annual problem for cherry producers like Walnut blight is for walnut growers, the diseases can still be a serious problem if conditions are right. Registration of KASUMIN for use in California cherry orchards is important because standard treatments, like copper, are limited and ineffective. With a 30-day PHI for cherries, KASUMIN provides cherry growers with a highly effective weapon against the blossom blast stage of the infection, which is known as a time of high susceptibility.

APPLES AND PEARS

The registration of KASUMIN has also impacted California pome fruit growers in a big way. Apple and pear growers can now effectively control Fire blight and streptomycin-resistant Fire blight with KASUMIN. With a 90-day PHI in pome fruit and a high level of preventative activity against streptomycin-resistant Fire blight, KASUMIN is proven to be an exceptionally valuable tool in resistance management programs. In addition to its effectiveness, KASUMIN has an extremely favorable safety and environmental profile. “Bacterial diseases can be economically devastating to an orchard grower’s operation if not effectively managed,” added David Davies, Arysta LifeScience’s U.S. Fungicides and Herbicides Marketing Manager. “KASUMIN gives growers a new tool to control bacterial diseases — including copper-resistant strains — by targeting a different site of action from other bactericides to protect tree health and yields.”

To learn more about the Arysta LifeScience portfolio of crop protection products, contact your crop protection retailer or visit www.ArystaSpecialty.com. Always read and follow label directions. KASUMIN is a registered trademark of Hokko Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. Arysta LifeScience and the Arysta LifeScience logo are registered trademarks of Arysta LifeScience Corporation. ©2018 Arysta LifeScience Group Company. SPC-1860

COMMUNICATIONS

Meeting a Legislator Adam Barsanti-Outreach Relations Manager In June, members of Kern and Tulare-Kings CAPCA had the opportunity to meet with Justin Mendes, who is running for election to the State Assembly. Mendes defeated his opponent in the June primary, and is working towards November. This interaction with a candidate is a positive step in stakeholder engagement for CAPCA, providing a forum to discuss both local and state issues affecting our industry. The ability to get in contact with a candidate to set up a meeting is something that chapters may ask about. In the case of Mr. Mendes, the State office decided to test this, and it was easier than originally thought. An email was sent to him and within fifteen minutes, we received a reply with the information we had asked for. This is a hurdle for a lot of chapters: ensuring that you have contacted the correct person to arrange the meeting. The CAPCA State office can provide assistance. As the midpoint of 2018 passes, our legislative efforts are beginning to gain some momentum. Meeting with our local legislators is important in raising our collective voices. Being able to get a foot in the door is what meeting legislators is all about. The more familiarity the legislator has with CAPCA and is able to understand the role of the PCA, the better. In support of these goals, some of our chapters have also engaged by making contributions to the CAPCA PAC.

CAPCA PAC 2018. The following chapters have made contributions to CAPCA’s PAC: Fresno-Madera, TulareKings, Ventura, and Woodland. █

CAPCA Member Contributes at CATA Annual Conference Krista Tavares of the Fresno-Madera Chapter represented CAPCA at the California Agricultural Teachers Association (CATA) Conference in San Luis Obispo at the end of June. Krista met with a large group of ag teachers from all over California, including those who received and used Ag Teacher Kits in 2016 & 2017, to promote CAPCA’s partnership with FFA, the resources available through the Ag Teacher Kits, and coming curriculum. In 2016 & 2017 CAPCA and its Chapters sponsored 64 of the 84 Kits that have been provided to high school ag teachers all over California each June at CATA. The Kits include resources such as seed ID samples, hand lenses, ID cards for fruits, vegetables, weeds and pests, and insect collecting materials. In 2017, staff from the Riverside Ag Commissioner’s office generously provided insect collections as well. In June, Krista hosted the CATA workshop to survey teachers using the Ag Teacher Kits and those interested in hands-on activities for students related to a PCA career to find out if further resources were needed to best utilize the kits, and any additional opportunities for CAPCA to support them. Many of the teachers mentioned wanting to source items from the kit directly, and additional curriculum for the kit contents. Feedback from teachers provided clear direction for the 2019 curriculum development

CAPCA ADVISER | AUGUST 2018

and additional programing to be developed for CAPCA and its members to support local ag teachers. A huge thank you to Krista for representing CAPCA so well at CATA. For information about the Ag Teacher Kit project, or a materials list please visit CAPCA News at capca.com/news or contact Rachel Taft in the CAPCA office rachel@capca.com █

U O Y K N A H ! T A C P CA

CAPCA recently received several notes from California FFA students expressing appreciation for our support.

CAPCA is a proud sponsor of the agricultural sales entrepreneurship proficiency competition, the agricultural services proficiency competition, and the agricultural pest control contest in California. The ag sales entrepreneurship proficiency competition recognizes students who own and operate a sales business. The ag services proficiency competition recognizes students who work for or own a service business related to agriculture. We have previously featured the ag pests contest, which rewards students for identifying a variety of agricultural pests and the crops they damage. AUGUST 2018 | CAPCA ADVISER

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AUGUST 2018 | CAPCA ADVISER

COMMUNICATIONS

Application Insights and Considerations CAAA Upcoming November 2018 Convention Session

California Agricultural Aircraft Association The upcoming annual California Agricultural Aircraft Association (CAAA) state convention is redesigning its 2018 Convention Session program to include our PCA partners on Wednesday, November 14 at the Wyndham in Visalia. In this 4-hour meeting, we will explore numerous areas that can impact off target movement and efficacy. We hope that your schedule allows you to participate in these informative sessions. Below is a summary of some of the agenda highlights. Increasing Efficacy In drafting aerial application recommendations, there is a tendency to incorporate higher volume of water like a ground application to get coverage. In this session, we will explore how coverage can be achieved in lower application rates through effective droplet spectrum selection. Delivering a more concentrated number of droplets as evenly as possible to the target crop, the active ingredient has a higher efficacy than that obtained using a higher dilution rate with higher gallons per acre application. Aerodynamics of both airplanes and helicopters can contribute to achieving a more even droplet deposition in the application process. There are common misconceptions regarding the different processes at work in these two types of aerial application platforms. One common assumption is that helicopters offer better penetration of material into the crop canopy than that of airplanes. Aerodynamic physics do not support this assumption. In flight, transduced flow of air over the helicopter rotor leaves the downwash well behind the aircraft and the boom. This means that the relative wind is the only factor toward the even distribution of spray droplets into the canopy. Conversely, a modern-day airplane has its application boom mounted directly in the path of the air being displaced by the wing. Weighing typically four times more than the average helicopter, fixed wing aircraft generate more down-force to distribute spray droplets into the crop canopy. Aerodynamic differences between helicopters and airplanes also explain why helicopters are more effective regarding drift control because the only aerodynamic factor is the relative wind. 18

CAPCA ADVISER | AUGUST 2018

Based on empirical observations and industry off-hand comments, chemical companies have admitted their material carrier rates are based solely on research conducted for ground application rather than research focused on aerial application dynamics. Incorporating aerial application spray dynamics, droplet size becomes the key for a more even distribution of the product over a leaf surface without compromising the droplet concentration. For example, twenty gallons of water consisting of droplets of 500-micron size yields 1.2 billon droplets; but compare that to ten gallons of water with droplets reduced to 250-micron size yielding d 4.6 billon droplets. Aero spray dynamics also provide penetration of material into a crop canopy as the larger number spray droplets have a higher probability of covering even the bottom third of that crop canopy depth, even in tree canopies.

Writing an aerial application recommendation for crop protection inputs that achieves results will be better accomplished by understanding aerial applicationâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s strengths and limitations. As California agriculture shifts to more permanent crops, recommendations need to be supported by research rather than assumptions. Recognizing aerial application dynamics, this application method is practical tool to increase crop yields as well as provide product stewardship.

Addressing Off Target Movement The quality of any application is a function of applicator skill and good equipment. However, proper meteorological conditions are vital to maintain the product onsite and mitigate off target movement. No amount of skill or technology can alleviate adverse conditions. Aerial application is often thought to be the most susceptible to off-site movement from unfavorable meteorological conditions, but ground application is just as vulnerable and might even be more at risk. Considering the time required to make applications, meteorological conditions are more likely to change during ground applications. Wind speed and direction outside of label recommendations are the obvious culprits in a problem application but is wind the only meteorological threat to any application? Temperature and humidity must also be considered regarding active ingredient effectiveness. But there is another factor that is often not contemplated, atmospheric stability. Labels often specify that pesticide applications should not be made within temperature inversions (or perhaps poorly worded, “with temperature inversions present”). To do the best professional application, atmospheric stability must be understood. The time-of-day can provide a first hint of the stability conditions of the lower atmospheric airmass where the application is made that is applicable to ground as well as aerial applications. In this session, a review of meteorological definitions and micro-scale actions regarding application conditions will be reviewed and identified. Protecting Pollinators Pollinators provide a vital function for many crops, yet many common agricultural practices can negatively impact pollinator health. Hives located adjacent to a target field are a challenge especially when there isn’t any contact information on the boxes. CACASA and CAPCA have been working on legislation and a beekeeper database to be incorporated with the growers permitting system. Updates on this work will be presented during this session. █

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Registration information available at: https://capca.com/events/

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AUGUST 2018 | CAPCA ADVISER

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Glufosinate 280SL

Same active as SELECT

Same active as RELY®

Bifenazate 50WSP Same active as ACRAMITE

Imidacloprid 4SC

Lambda-Cy 1EC*

Same active as ADMIRE PRO

Same active as WARRIOR

Azoxy 2SC

Oxyflo 2EC Same active as GOAL®

*Restricted use product. Not all products registered on all crops. Always read and follow label directions. All product names, logos, brand names, or trademarks are property of their respective owners. All company, product and service names used in this material are for identification purposes only. Use of these names, logos, brands and trademarks does not imply endorsement. ©2018 Willowood USA. All Rights Reserved.

Manage your budget.

Paraquat 3SL* Same active as GRAMOXONE

Tebustrobin SC Same active as CUSTODIA®

Propicon 3.6EC* Same active as TILT

Teb 45DF Same active as ELITE®

Contact your local ag retailer or visit WillowoodUSA.com to learn more.

HERBICIDES | INSECTICIDES | FUNGICIDES | PGR’s

WillowoodUSA.com 877-679-9963

CAPCA ED

Ariana McCray, So. California Representative It’s almost time for the Department of Pesticide Regulation (DPR) to mail out renewal packets for last names that begin with the letters A-L. DPR plans to have these mailed out to licensees by the last week of July. CAPCA is planning to begin mailing official certificates to current Active Members the week of July 20th to help members prepare. If you haven’t paid your dues for 2018, there’s still time. Visit capca.com/shop and select Membership 2018. When using the website, you can pay by credit card or select the option to mail in a check. If you’d prefer a hard copy of the dues form, contact the CAPCA office. Here are key points to remember: • Mail your application before November so that your license or certificate can be issued before it expires. If you submit before October, you will be renewed by early December and you can register with the county before the New Year. • DPR will mail renewal packets in July to license and certificate holders with surnames and business names starting with letters A–L. • Submitting earlier allows DPR staff additional time to deal with issues or problems that could delay processing your license. • For pest control businesses, the qualified applicator must be renewed before the business license can be renewed. (1) • Most common problems associated with renewal applications: o No payment included o Wrong amount paid o No signature o Insufficient continuing education (CE) hours o Payment received with no application

DPR has provided a list of commonly asked question on their website (2). Here are the most common questions I receive at CAPCA Ed meetings: • Can I renew if I do not meet the minimum required “Laws and Regulations” CE course hours? o No. You cannot renew your license/certificate if you do not meet the minimum requirements for CE hours. This is true even if you have more hours than required in the “Other” CE category. • What if I have more than 4 hours of Laws and Regulations CE hours? o Excess CE hours for “Laws and Regulations” can be used to meet the “Other” CE requirements. • If I renew late, when can I start earning CE hours for my next two-year period? o You can earn CE hours beginning with the "DATE OF ISSUE" printed on your card. • I’m a first-time renewal applicant. How many CE hours do I need? o Less than 12 months - no CE hours are required o 12 to 20 months - one-half of the CE hours are required o 21 to 24 months - the full CE hours are required o See the full CE Requirement Summary at http://www.cdpr. ca.gov/docs/license/cerequire.pdf █ Sources: (1) http://www.cdpr.ca.gov/docs/license/license_renewal_poster.pdf (2) http://www.cdpr.ca.gov/docs/license/renewal_packets/renewal_ faq.pdf

2018 CAPCA ED & CHAPTER EVENTS

DATE

LOCATION

EVENT TITLE

SPONSOR

8/2/18 8/9/18 8/16/18 8/23/18 9/12/18 9/12/18 9/13/18 9/13/18 9/20/18 10/14-16/18 11/8/18 11/14/18 11/15/18 12/5/18

La Quinta Tulare Simi Valley San Luis Obispo Escondido Santa Paula Fresno Bakersfield Modesto Anaheim Imperial Arcadia Fresno Escondido

CE Seminar CE Seminar CE Seminar CE Seminar CAPCA/UCR Entomology Conference CE Seminar CE Seminar CE Seminar CE Seminar CAPCA Annual Conference & Agri-Expo CE Seminar CE Seminar Label Update Laws & Regulations Seminar

Desert Valleys CAPCA CAPCA Ed & Tulare-Kings CAPCA CAPCA Ed Central Coast CAPCA San Diego CAPCA Ventura CAPCA CAPCA Ed & Fresno-Madera CAPCA CAPCA Ed & Kern County CAPCA WR CCA CAPCA Desert Valleys CAPCA CAPCA Ed & UC ANR Fresno-Madera CAPCA San Diego CAPCA

CAPCA ADVISER | AUGUST 2018

D E PA R TM E N T O F P E S T I C I D E R E G U L AT I O N L I C E N S I N G A N D C E R T I F I C AT I O N

LICENSE RENEWAL Reminder

SUBMIT APPLICATIONS BEFORE NOVEMBER Mail your application before November so that your license or certificate can be issued before it expires. If you submit before October, you will be renewed by early December and you can register with the County before the New Year.

A – L LIC ENSEES DPR will mail renewal packets in August to license and certificate holders with surnames and business names starting with letters A – L.

AVO ID PROC ESSIN G DEL AYS Submitting earlier allows DPR staff additional time to deal with issues or problems that could delay processing your license.

If you do not receive your application, please contact the Licensing Program at licensemail@cdpr.ca.gov or download a blank application at: www.cdpr.ca.gov/docs/license/lictypes.htm

RENE W YOU R QUALIFIED APPLICATOR FIRST For pest control businesses, the qualified applicator must be renewed before the business license can be renewed.

Special to the Adviser

Soil's Impact on Fruit Quality Carlos Palavicini, AgroLiquid, Sales Account Manager The characteristics of the soil can complicate the management of crop nutrition, especially when improving fruit quality is the goal. Soils with high concentration of salts, such as sodium or carbonates, are a challenge for crop nutrition management, particularly when it is time to increase the amount of potassium and calcium available to the plants. It is very common to find crops that are setting fruits under stress conditions due the high levels of salts in the soil. Then the grower, the PCA or the CCA have to make the decision to increase the amount of fertilizer used, knowing that it will create a higher stress environment for the plants. Under adverse soil conditions it can be difficult to get the desired quality, with those stress conditions leading to problems with size, color, flavor and shelf life. Imbalance of the nutrients in the soil is a very common situation. When the cations, such as calcium, potassium, magnesium, and sodium, are not in the right ratios, they can interfere with nutrient availability to the plant. Excesses of some nutrients can interfere with the utilization of good levels of other nutrients. With dry climates, as we have in much of California, high evaporation rates will keep cations at the surface. In addition, arid areas are often receiving irrigation water. Since the irrigation water generally

CAPCA ADVISER | AUGUST 2018

carries other nutrients, the top of the soil starts acting like a coffee filter and the soil can take on properties of the water. For instance, the result can be soil with an imbalance of magnesium, which can block calcium and potassium uptake, or high levels of sodium, which can also interfere with K available to the plant. These factors matter as we manage crop nutrition. We can manipulate levels some, but then weâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;re back to economics to see if productivity will justify the expense. Cation Exchange Capacity The Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) shows us the nutrient and water holding capacity of the soil. This is the first indicator of the productive capability of a soil. The higher the number, the more water and nutrients it can store. All types of CEC soils can be productive. Low numbers can be challenging because they need rain or irrigation more often since these sandy soils donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t store much water. But crops root down well in a sandy soil. With sufficient water, they will reward you with outstanding yields. When the CEC is low, we will also often find low organic matter, which affects the availability of the nutrients in the form the plant actually takes them. The management of nitrogen is more complicated and frequently the calcium, potassium, magnesium, sulfur and sodium will be imbalanced. These soils are also susceptible to nematodes.

This is why superb nutrient management is critical in low CEC soils. Higher CEC soils hold more nutrients and water, providing a buffer between rain events â&#x20AC;&#x201C; but can be subject to water logging during heavy rains. The management of potassium can be a challenge, and it is common to have problems with fungi and bacterial diseases in these soils, such damping off and fusarium. A low CEC number would be 1, requiring superb management, and a high number might go as high as 50 if a lot of organic matter exists. Typical soils range between 10 and 30. Water We cannot expect to be able to get the best quality of the fruits if the water has high levels of sodium, carbonates, bi-carbonates, or any other elements that can interfere with crop nutrition. The best practice is having the pH of the water as close to the neutral range (pH of 7.0) as possible. If we use irrigation with high pH and our fertilizers have high levels of detrimental salt, we are moving away from the fruit quality we are looking for. Problems with the calcium levels in the plant, and therefore in the fruit, are often caused by changes in the weather. In high temperature, low humidity conditions, for example, transpiration will increase dramatically, causing the plant to use more water. In irrigated crops, if watering has not been well scheduled, even soils with good levels of calcium can have problems in the fruit caused by calcium deficiency, such as blossom-end rot in tomatoes. This is the time when we need a fast calcium fertilizer that can be applied by foliar. Over irrigation can cause problems in the fruit too. Monitoring soil moisture is a critical factor in a crop nutrition management plan.

common fertilizers (dry, soluble and some liquids made from dry fertilizers or based on thiosulfates) have a great impact in the EC of the solution. When the EC of the solution increases and the roots detect a higher concentration of detrimental salts, the plant reacts by stopping the uptake of water to preserve its own water, therefore, the flow of nutrients decreases and what we see as a great firmness of the fruits. It is only water and some salts (nutrients and non nutrients) that the plant has taken up. There is not enough calcium building cell walls, or enough potassium working to increase the brix grade. What we have is an "emergency contingency reaction" in every corner of the plant, to be ready since the soil solution has high levels of detrimental salts. Under this circumstance, when the fruit has been harvested, the attributes of quality that we were trying to get are lost: a bad shelf life, bad taste, loss of water when the fruit is cut, hollow fruit, slim walls of the fruit, and sometimes even the weight is not the desirable. The question is how to supply the crops with the right amount of nutrients, not just salts, at the right time, and the answer is always the right source. Applying high-efficiency fertilizer to help ensure the health and vitality of a crop is a tool that cannot be overlooked in any crop management plan. When selecting fertilizer products and application placement it is important to use the best agronomic practices for the product and crop. Always consider what crops, application methods, tank mix partners, and environmental conditions are present when making fertilizer decisions. Above all, find a trusted agronomist or crop nutrition expert to help identify your crop nutrition needs. â&#x2013;&#x2C6;

Diseases and insects There are many diseases and insects that can affect the quality of the fruit. Whether they directly damage the fruit, the stem (movement of nutrients through the phloem and xylem), or the root and the plant is not able to take water and nutrients, diseases and insects can have a catastrophic affect on a crop. Optimal nutrition is an excellent tool for crop protection. It can be used to control pest populations under many conditions. There are two primary resistance mechanisms that crop nutrition can affect: the formation of mechanical barriers, primarily through the development of thicker cell walls; and the synthesis of natural defense compounds, such as phytoalexins (a substance produced by plant tissues in response to a parasite that specifically inhibits the growth of that parasite), antioxidants, and flavonoids. Crop nutrition is essential for the growth and development of plants and microorganisms, and is an important factor in plant-pest interactions. Electrical Conductivity It is a common practice to increase the electrical conductivity (EC) of the solution in order to ensure the quality of the fruit. The problem with this practice is that what we are increasing the salt content of the solution, and it does not necessarily mean that we are increasing the levels of nutrients needed for increased fruit quality. Many fertilizers have detrimental salt ions, and many of the AUGUST 2018 | CAPCA ADVISER

CCA UPDATE

CCA and Sustainability Luther Smith, American Society of Agronomy (ASA) Greetings from Madison, Wisconsin where the International Certified Crop Adviser (ICCA) Program is based as part of the American Society of Agronomy (ASA). Now you’re thinking, I was certified or have the CCA – Western Region (formerly the California) certification. That’s true but CCA – Western Region is part of the ICCA Program and covers California and Arizona as its jurisdiction. The ICCA Board sets the policies and procedures for the entire program and the Local Board or Western Region (WR) board in this case implements those policies in their region. It’s a great partnership that has existed for about 25 years now covering North America.

and farmers want to hear from you on how they can improve and meet their business objectives.

My reason for writing this article is to discuss sustainability and the CCA Sustainability Specialty (SSp). There are 13,503 CCAs in North America with 1,227 in the WR and all but 47 of those are in California. California has seen a rapid growth in CCAs over the past five or so years more than doubling the number. Why? Good marketing, the WR Board has done a great job of promoting the program and working with the regulatory community to have CCAs recognized to do nutrient management planning. California has also seen the largest number of CCAs earning the SSp.

Sustainability as defined by Field to Market and the same definition is used for the SSp, “meeting the needs of the present while improving the abilities of future generations to meet their own needs”. It also includes three global (UN) principles: economic (profitability), environmental and social. Those three principles need to be included when evaluating a business (farm) or practices for sustainability.

So why the specialties? CCA is a great agronomy certification. It serves the purpose to provide sound, science based agronomic advice to growers and it meets that need. It defines the agronomy profession. The specialties were added to the ICCA Program in 2015 starting with the 4R Nutrient Management Specialty (4RNMS) followed by SSp in 2016. With not quite two years of offering the exam, there are 99 CCA-SSp and 25 call California home. Getting back to the question and in my opinion the answer, market place driven demand. The agriculture / food supply market place or the food value chain is seeking professionals with sustainable agronomy knowledge and skills. CCAs with professional expertise in sustainability are essential to what food companies and agribusinesses are trying to achieve in sustainability. You’ve probably heard the claims made by major food companies and retailers over the past several years. Stating they will be x% more sustainable or the products they produce and sell will be by 202x. These companies quickly realized that in order for them to reach their goals they had to reach all the way to the farm where the commodities or raw ingredients are produced. That’s where CCAs came in. CCA’s play an important role in influencing what transpires in production operations. You work with your clients on a regular basis providing advice and inputs. You are a trusted adviser

CAPCA ADVISER | AUGUST 2018

The word sustainability is sometimes misunderstood due to how it has been used over the years. Many CCAs have told me that talking about “continuous improvement” or “efficiencies” has more meaning on the farm and gains quicker attention. Those terms identify more with the business aspects of farming and also line up well with sustainability. Others in the industry have commented that it is “helping farmers mitigate risk”, making the farm more resilient along with being the “right thing to do”.

The Sustainability Specialty (SSp) is optional for CCAs but only available to CCAs. It is similar to the medical profession where you have a family doctor, a generalist and specialists for specific areas. It allows a CCA to be recognized for their knowledge and skills in sustainability and to concentrate their work in this area. Certification in general becomes an identifier for professional expertise and the specialties are no different. To learn more about the SSp go to https://www.certifiedcropadviser.org/ssp. Here are a few examples of companies who are actively engaged in sustainable agriculture. You probably know others of differing size and focus. These are purely examples of why I said we developed the sustainability specialty in response to market place demands. You can find out more on their web site and some of what is included here comes from there along with my interpretation or paraphrasing comments from people in the industry. Cargill is working at the intersection of sustainability, food security and nutrition to find practical and scalable solutions. Their priority areas include land use, climate change, water resources, farmer livelihoods, food security and nutrition. They believe that affecting change on the farm starts with the trusted advisor, and the CCA can grow their relationship beyond a yield focus to something more broadly in nature. Continued on pg. 30

• 2019 CCA Exam • The next CCA exam will be Friday February 1, 2019

Registration will be available online from October 1 - December 14, 2018 https://www.certifiedcropadviser.org/exams An exam prep workshop will be held for the State portion of the exam. Watch for more information to come on our web site: http://www.wrcca.org/exams CCA Continuing Education Opportunities For the most recent list see: https://www.certifiedcropadviser.org/meetings/calendar

Plant Nutrition. Not an impressive

WHATEVER YOU EXPECT FROM PLANT NUTRITION, START TO EXPECT SOMETHING DIFFERENT.

source of innovation lately. We’re changing that, while asking ourselves tough questions. What can we do better? What does better look like? How can we deliver it more efﬁciently and in a more sustainable way? With products like Wolf Trax™, ProAcqua™ and Protassium+® as part of our product lineup, we’re starting to deliver on that vision. The world of plant nutrition is changing — we’ll see to that. Visit CompassCrops.com

Plant Nutrition Delivered ©2018 Compass Minerals. All Rights Reserved. ProAcqua is a trademark and Protassium+ and Design as well as Wolf Trax and Design, DDP are registered trademarks of Compass Minerals International, Inc. or its subsidiaries in the U.S. and other countries.

CCA UPDATE, CONT.

Kellogg is focusing on conserving natural resources, reducing energy and water use, and lowering greenhouse gas emissions. It hopes to address local and macro water challenges such as groundwater quality by providing information on climate smart agriculture. They are committed to reaching 500,000 farmers globally by 2025 to help improve their livelihood. McDonald’s is focusing considerable effort on reducing greenhouse gas emissions and conserving water. They want to continually improve how they source their ingredients. They define sustainable sourcing through ethical practices, environmental protection and long term economic viability. Pepsi Co aims to reduce their environmental impact while meeting the food, beverage and resource needs of a changing world. Their goal areas include water use efficiencies in agriculture, reduced greenhouse gas emissions across their supply chain and sustainable sourcing of major agricultural raw materials. Through the company’s Sustainable Farming Initiative, it hopes to sustainably source its direct agricultural raw materials by 2020 and non-direct major agricultural raw material ingredients by 2025. Wal-Mart is working with over 15 suppliers to develop fertilizer optimization plans and share best management practices on a reported 76 million committed acres of U.S. farmland by 2025.

CAPCA ADVISER | AUGUST 2018

These efforts are designed to reduce fertilizer loss and improve yields. As a global retailer, they are committed to working with others to support food production that is sustainable. In particular, they are focused on produce, animal agriculture, grains and seafood. There’s a common theme in these companies’ messages as well as many others in the food value chain. Each is committed to continuous improvement in the sustainability of agriculture. A quick glance at the current member roster for Field to Market shows a diverse membership, including those mentioned above, that represents every link in the agricultural supply chain. Members include farmers, agribusiness companies, brands, retailers, civil society, academia, and public-sector partners. Long term, agriculture needs to become more sustainable and the CCA trusted farm adviser is vital to helping make that happen. The companies mentioned are some of the customers of the growers and their customers are exerting pressure on them to more sustainably produce the food that we all consume. The general public is saying that they want to know more about their food, that it should be sustainably produced, be abundant and safe. Providing the best advice possible to your clients is part of what you do. It’s not just about yield or least cost inputs but a systems approach and yes, it needs to be profitable. A CCA added, if it’s good for the grower it is good for us. ASA has educational modules in the online library that expand on all of this and more will be released later this year. The Sustainability Specialty identifies CCAs who have met the professional expertise standards in sustainable agronomy. If helping growers become more sustainable (resilient) is part of your business goals, then earning the SSp should be in your professional development plans. █

Photo by Rob Mikkelsen.

General Mills is working to track and reduce greenhouse gas emissions and water use in its supply chain through climate ambition goals, a water stewardship program, ecosystem commitments, and sustainable sourcing. The company is working hand-in-hand with local, trusted agronomists and farmers to identify and implement continuous improvement practices that boost soil health, sequester carbon, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. They have a goal to sustainably source 100% of their top ten priority ingredients by 2020.

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Bait Back!

• Unique mode of action = superior activity in wet and cool weather • Easy to see blue pellets Neudorff North America 250-652-5888 • NeudorffPro.com AUGUST 2018 | CAPCA ADVISER

Special to the Adviser

Bacillus thuringiensis, A Resistance Management Mainstay

Tim Damico, Executive VP-North America, Certis USA The microbial insecticide Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is among our oldest, most successful and proven pesticides. A commercial pesticide used for almost 80 years, the Bts have developed no cross-resistance with synthetic chemical insecticides, which makes them valuable tank mixing or rotational tools for Insecticide Resistance Management (IRM). At the heart of the success of Bts is their unique mode of action, which is highly specific to its target pests (Btk, Bta: Lepidoptera larvae only). This makes Bts nontoxic and low risk to workers, livestock and wildlife and highly compatible with IPM, because they have minimal to no effect on beneficial insects, have no toxic residues and have minimum reentry and preharvest intervals. Bt Mode of Action: Cry Toxins Bt is a common naturally occurring soil bacteria. Each Bt cell produces a unique crystalline protein known as Cry toxins. These Cry toxins provide control when they are ingested by pest larvae. Once consumed, very specific gut enzymes, which only function in the alkaline conditions of the caterpillar gut, dissolve the crystals to form the pesticidal active ingredient. This disrupts the pestâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s digestive tract causing it to stop eating and die shortly thereafter. 32

CAPCA ADVISER | AUGUST 2018

More than 250 unique Cry toxins have been identified. While some are toxic to insects, many have no known activity. The Cry1 and Cry2 groups of Cry toxins are most important in the control of Lepidoptera. Cry1Ac is the broadest spectrum and the most toxic to target pests. The Cry1C Cry toxins are active against Spodoptera and are useful in resistance management programs. Subspecies and Strains There are several dozen subspecies of Bacillus thuringiensis. The most economically important subspecies are: Bt kurstaki (Btk): Controls Lepidoptera larvae (caterpillars) Bt aizawai (Bta): Controls Lepidoptera larvae (caterpillars) Bt tenebrionis (Btt): Controls Coleoptera (beetles) larvae and adults Bt israelensis (Bti): Controls Diptera larvae (mosquitos, black flies, fungus gnats) The molecular basis of Bt toxicity, the interaction between the toxin molecule and the cells of the insect midgut has been studied in great detail yielding different strains of Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies that are used today in California fruit and vegetable production.

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CONT.: Bacillus thuringiensis, A Resistance Management Mainstay

Bt kurstaki strain SA-11: Formulated for broad spectrum control of loopers, DBM, armyworms, bollworms, budworms, etc. Bt kurstaki strain SA-12: A high potency Bt for use on tree fruit, nuts and grapes to control leafrollers, PTB, OFM, grape leaffolder/skeletonizer, EGVM and LBAM

Planning for Success with Bts Store Bts Properly • Store in a dry place out of direct sunlight • WG formulations: Shelf stable for more than 2 years if kept dry

Bt aizawai strain GC-91 (Bta/Btk hybrid): Broad spectrum rotational product for insect resistance management that controls armyworms, DBM, loopers and grape defoliators

• Liquids: At room temperatures will be effective a year or more

Bt kurstaki strain EG7841(genetically modified): A high potency product for armyworm (Spodoptera spp.) control in vegetable crops

• Spray late in the day to minimize exposure to sunlight

Bt History and Development The Bt bacterium was first discovered in Japan in 1901 by a microbiologist studying diseases of silkworms that had become valuable to the country’s growing silk industry. One disease in particular, Shigetane Ishiwata determined, was caused by a rodshaped, spore-forming bacterium. He suspected that the symptoms were caused by a toxin that might be located either within the spore or in close contact with the spore. In 1915 German scientist Ernst Berliner discovered the same organism infecting flour moth larvae in the province of Thuringia. Berliner was the first to suggest the possibility of controlling insects through deliberate application of the bacterium he named Bacillus thuringiensis. Field tests in the late 1920s lead to the introduction of the first commercial Bt product (Sporeine) in France in 1938. Initially the success of insect control with Bt was highly variable, because it was not known how Bt killed insects or how important strain selection and production was on product quality and performance in the field. During the 1940s and 1950s, Bt began to attract the serious attention of the modern crop protection industry that had grown from the early discoveries of synthetic chemical insecticides before and during WWII. The first large-scale Bt product, Thuricide, was introduced in the USA in 1957 by Sandoz. At this time, the source of the Bt insecticidal toxin was identified by a Canadian scientist. In the 1960s a more effective strain of Bt was isolated by the USDA, which led to the development of rigorous standards for determining the potency of Bt products. In Israel in the late 1970s, researchers discovered a new subspecies Bt israelensis leading to development of products used to control mosquitos. Since then, Bt subspecies and strains have been discovered that are toxic to beetles (Coleoptera), ticks, nematodes and other groups of pests. The rapid development of recombinant DNA techniques and the advance of molecular biology in the late 1970s and through the 1980s led to the cloning of a Bt toxin gene and later determination of the complete DNA sequence. This opened the door to creating new Bt strains with higher potency, broader spectrum of activity and higher production efficiency. It also allowed the insertion of 34

CAPCA ADVISER | AUGUST 2018

Maximize Residual Effect • Repeat application, for example after 7 sunny days • Temperature is not an issue after application

Bts are Not Knock-Down Products • Target young larvae with good coverage • Tank mix/rotate with conventional insecticides • IPM tools: Bts make other products work better

Bt toxin genes into the DNA of plants in order to render them resistant to plant-feeding insects. Today’s widespread adoption of transgenic Bt cotton and corn has been shown to result in significant reductions in overall pesticide usage on these crops in the U.S. Sprayable Bts. Still Valuable After All These Years. Some classes of synthetic chemical pesticides have come and gone, largely due to overuse and resistance, safety concerns or adverse environmental impact. But a full century after it was first discovered, and 80 years after it was first used in the field, Bt still predominates the global biopesticide market. Advances in Bt genetics, strain selection, fermentation media and formulation over the past 35 years have resulted in more potent, stable Bt spray products with more consistent performance against a broader array of insect pests. Because it has little or no impact on nontarget organisms and offers an alternative mode of action for delaying or managing insecticide resistance in pests, Bt remains a key tool for IPM. █

C APCA

Watching Out for PCAs

Mission & Purpose CAPCA’s mission is to facilitate the success of the PCA and to represent our 3000 members who provide pest management consultation for the production of food, fiber and ornamental industries of California. CAPCA’s purpose is to serve as the leader in the evolution of the pest management industry through the communication of reliable information. CAPCA is dedicated to the professional development and enhancement of our members’ education and stewardship which includes legislative, regulatory, continuing education and public outreach.

AUGUST 2018 | CAPCA ADVISER

UC IPM

Red Imported Fire Ants in San Joaquin Valley Almond Orchards Kris Tollerup, Areawide IPM Advisor, University of California Cooperative Extension and Statewide IPM Program Among the roughly 33 ant species introduced into California, the red imported fire ant (RIFA), Solenopsis invicta (Buren), ranks among the most serious. This ant species not only poses a serious economic threat to California agriculture, but to wildlife, and human health as well. The species is native to the Midwestern state of Mato Grosso, Brazil and has been accidentally introduced into the Southeastern United States, Australia, New Zealand, and Several Asian and Caribbean countries. The introduction into the United States, occurred in the early 20th Century. At first the ant did not cause alarm, but its aggressive behavior and rapid spread caught the attention of the public and efforts to eradicate it began in the early 1950s. To date, the geographical distribution of RIFA in the United States includes: all the southern states from Florida to Texas, west into parts of California, and as far north as Arkansas, Oklahoma, Tennessee, and South Virginia Figure 2. Red imported fire ant. Photo from www.antweb.org. Accessed 7 June 2018. Figure 1. Direct feeding damage to almond caused by red imported fire ant. Photo by K. Tollerup.

The California introduction occurred in 1997 when it arrived in Kern, Fresno, and Stanislaus county almond orchards on honeybee hives from Texas. In 1998 RIFA initially was discovered in Orange County and by early February of that year, the California Department of Food and Agriculture (CDFA) placed all of Orange County and parts of Los Angeles and Riverside counties under quarantine, which restricted the movement of plants and soil. Interestingly, the three San Joaquin Valley counties, were not placed under quarantine. The infestations were confined to single properties and thought to have been eradicated. The CDFA initially committed $2.8 million to aid counties with infestations to eradicate RIFA. Unfortunately, not all the eradication efforts succeeded. According to the 2016 United States Department of Food and Agriculture (USDA) RIFA quarantine map, all of Orange, and areas in Riverside, and Los Angeles counties remain under the quarantine. Although not under any quarantine, substantial infestations of RIFA occur in Merced and Stanislaus county almond orchards. Moreover, it is likely that RIFA populations occur in other parts of the lower San Joaquin Valley but have gone undetected to this point. Damage. Agricultural ant pests cause economic damage in a couple of ways, either by directly feeding on parts of a crop plant and/ or indirectly by tending honeydew-producing hemipterans such

CAPCA ADVISER | AUGUST 2018

as soft scale and aphids. The red imported fire ant does both well. In citrus for instance, RIFA causes direct damage to 1 to 4-yearold trees by feeding on the bark and cambium to obtain sap. The feeding often results in girdling and subsequent death of the young trees. In addition, seven honeydew-producing species—four soft scale and three aphid species—commonly attack citrus. If RIFA infests the orchard where any of these hemipterans occur, they aggressively tend and protect the valuable food source and defend the hemipterans from their natural enemies. In almond, direct damage occurs to the nut meat (Fig. 1). And although damage to almond can occur prior to harvest, the crop becomes most vulnerable when on the orchard floor at harvest. Two species, the southern fire ant, Solenopsis xyloni, (a close relative of RIFA) and the pavement ant, Tetramorium caespitum, cause the lion’s share of economic damage in infested orchards throughout the San Joaquin Valley. In almond orchards infested with RIFA, damage can easily exceed 10%. Biology. In its native habitat, RIFA has a tremendous capacity to reproduce and expand. Shortly after its introduction into California’s urban and agricultural environment, entomologists began (and rightly so) predictions of dire consequences if governmental agencies did not intervene to eradicate the invasive ant. Jetter et al. (2002) wrote a California Agriculture article laying out the cost of eradication and the economic consequences to agriculture, wildlife, and home owners if not accomplished. Fortunately, those dire predictions of possible widespread dispersion of RIFA into the urban and agricultural environments has not come to fruition.

Figure 3. Red imported fire ant nest in an almond orchard. Mound measures approximately 1.5 ft in height. Photo by K. Tollerup.

Figure 4. Southern fire ant nest in an almond orchard. Photo by K. Tollerup.

AUGUST 2018 | CAPCA ADVISER

UC IPM, CONT., Red Imported Fire Ants in San Joaquin Valley Almond Orchards

The primary reason for the slower expansion into California almond is our Mediterranean climate and near absence of cues required for RIFA to initiate mating flights. Unlike some ant species that expand by simply budding, where a few to several hundred workers move a mated queen or queens to a new location a short distance from their mother colony, RIFA reproduces via nuptial flights. Red imported fire ant colonies produce a reproductive caste, males (always with wings) and winged females during spring and summer. The reproductives appear much different than the commonly seen workers. Unmated reproductive queens are about twice as large as the typical workers seen foraging outside nests. Males are large and all black. When the proper cues are received, such as high humidity indicating a rain event, the reproductives accumulate at the top area of the nest just below the soil surface. The worker ants leave the nest in mass and expand out, surrounding the nest opening up to several feet; this is done to protect the reproductives as they exit the nest and prepare for their nuptial flight. Anything that wanders into the protected area, including humans is immediately attacked.

Different genotypes of RIFA have single or multiple queens although it’s not fully understood which genotype occurs in Merced and Stanislaus counties. The species is polymorphic with two different castes of workers including minor and major workers (soldiers). Once established nests grow rapidly and not uncommonly have upwards of 120,000 to 220,000 workers.

Once the flight begins the males and females ascend up to an altitude of approximately 1000 feet and mate. Almost immediately after mating the males fall to the soil surface and die. Females descend to the ground, pull off their wings, and begin digging a nest. If they land in a suitable soil environment, they dig a nest up to 3 to 4 feet below the soil surface and begin laying eggs. If the nascent nest is successfully established, the new queen does not ever leave the nest to forage but rather rears her first brood by digesting her wing muscles.

If it is suspected that an orchard is infested with RIFA, samples should be collected using plastic vials baited with a piece of hot dog or corn chip. Place two to three vials a few feet from the suspect nests for about 15 minutes. Carefully cap the vials, and place in the freezer for several hours to euthanize the ants. Governmental agencies such as CDFA, USDA, or county agricultural commissioner offices do not have any RIFA detection or eradication programs in infested San Joaquin Valley counties. Samples should be sent to the nearest University of California Cooperative Extension office.

Identification. Red imported fire ant appears similar to southern fire ant. RIFA workers are red to brown in color with a black abdomen (gaster) (Fig. 2). Workers come in several sizes ranging from 0.12 to 0.24 in (2.4–6 mm). The species has two nodes and a sting at the tip of the abdomen (Fig. 2). Nests of RIFA are large with mounds of established nests measuring up to 1 or 2 ft high (Fig. 3). However, nest mounds also can appear low and dispersed, similar to southern fire ant nests (Fig. 4). Often RIFA nests are associated with vegetation (Fig. 5). Interestingly, RIFA nests have subterranean tunnels associated with them that reach out several feet from the nest’s primary entrances in all directions.

Figure 5. Red imported fire ant nest in an almond orchard. Photo by K. Tollerup.

CAPCA ADVISER | AUGUST 2018

Management. Unfortunately, because no governmental management or eradication programs exist, growers and pest control advisors must manage the pest themselves. The University of California does not have official guidelines for managing RIFA. However, since RIFA feeds primarily on lipids and protein, the available options for controlling southern fire ant and pavement ant found in the University of California Almond Pest Management Guidelines work well (Zalom et al. 2017). Albeit, because of the very large size of established nests it typically requires more input than a single bait application. A strategy that has had some success at substantially reducing colonies consisted of a baiting with abamectin in early June followed by an insect growth regulator bait about two to three weeks later, then metaflumizone applied about two weeks before harvest. Importantly, bait must be broadcast on to soil dry enough to prevent the bait granules from getting wet. If morning dew happens to occur, it should be allowed to dry before an application. Moreover, any bait application should be made during the morning hours before temperatures exceed 90Â°F

and foraging activity decreases. For additional information on identification and information for managing RIFA, as well as other pest-ant species, view the Almond Pest Management Guidelines website (http://ipm.ucanr.edu/PMG/selectnewpest.almonds. html) or contact the nearest University of California Cooperative Extension Advisor. â&#x2013;&#x2C6; RESOURCES Jetter K, Hamilton J, Klotz J. 2002. Eradication costs calculated: Red imported fire ants threaten agriculture, wildlife and homes. Calif Agr 56(1):26-34. https://doi.org/10.3733/ca.v056n01p26. Zalom FG, Haviland DR, Symmes EJ, Tollerup K. 2017. Insects and Mites. UC IPM Pest Management Guidelines Almond. UC ANR Publication 3431. Oakland, CA. http://ipm.ucanr.edu/PMG/ selectnewpest.almonds.html.

AUGUST 2018 | CAPCA ADVISER

FARM ADVISORS

Management of Aphids in Lettuce Grown in California Central Coast Alejandro Del-Pozo1, H. Alejandro Merchan2, and Richard Smith1 1

UC Cooperative Extension, Salinas, CA USDA-ARS, Salinas, CA

1. Introduction Aphids are small (up to 1/7 inch long), rounded to pear-shaped, and soft-body insects infesting a variety of plants at both agricultural and urban settings. These insects are very successful pests due to their asexual (without mating), viviparous reproduction that allows them to increase their population’s numbers rapidly, overwhelming plants. They also move between different host plants throughout the season, vectoring several plant viruses between weedy reservoirs and crops. Aphids use their needle-like mouth parts to tap and “rob” phloem, the fluid that plant uses to move its nutrients, ultimately reducing the yield and quality of crops. While feeding on the plant’s sap, aphids will excrete honey dew creating a perfect environment for sooty mold, which can affect growth and produce important cosmetic damage. Since the past three months, Pest Control Advisors (PCAs) from the central coast have been calling the University of California Cooperative Extension (UCCE) office at the Monterey County in Salinas, asking about species identification, life history of this pest, and new approaches for managing this insect. We believe that it would be important to recap and summarize available information regarding aphid management in lettuce. The main goal of this article is to present basic biology, identification features for the most common species infesting lettuce, and the current management practice deployed in this crop. 2. Biology and management 2.1. Life history Aphids can reproduce either sexually (when male and female mate) or asexually (through parthenogenesis, when females clone their own progeny). Aphid reproduction could be influenced by climate conditions. For instance, aphids in the Salinas Valley will mainly reproduce asexually since there is a moderate and mild climate around the Monterey Bay Area. A parthenogenetic female can give birth up to 15 live small nymphs per day. Aphid nymphs will molt at least four times, leaving behind their shed skin as tiny whitish “skeletons” before becoming adults. However, colder temperatures and the lack of plant hosts may induce aphids to reproduce sexually. 40

CAPCA ADVISER | AUGUST 2018

Aphid infestations begin with the establishment of alate individuals (adults with wings) being carried by the wind into their host plants; since aphids are not strong flyers. It is important to consider that those alates may not lead into colonization. The sole presence of aphid alates, without the presence of any nymphs, may represent an aphid species passing by the lettuce crop and being a non-colonizer. Once the colonizing species finds the right plant host, females will produce embryos in the interior of their reproductive canal, and then deposit first instar nymphs. During the summer or warm weather, aphids can go through up 15 asexual generations; where it may take as little as seven days from the first instar to adult. These parthenogenetic individuals will be mainly wingless. Alate aphids will be produced when host plant quality drastically declined, or larger insect densities per plant are present. Aphids do not have a pupal stage. 2.2. Identification It is ideal to use adult specimens of aphids for proper identification. Adult aphids differentiate from nymphs because they have a defined and fully formed cauda (tail at the middle and posterior end of the abdomen) and cornicles (tube-like structures flanking the cauda). Color and size are not reliable features to solely use when identifying aphids. Please review one of the latest post on the Salinas Valley Agriculture blog about aphid color and identification at http://ucanr.edu/blogs/blogcore/postdetail.cfm?postnum=27055. Proper aphid identification is crucial for: 1) establishing an IPM program to avoid prophylactic insecticide sprays, and 2) insecticide resistance management. For practical purposes, we will not be covering information on the lettuce root aphid, Pemphigus bursarius (Hemiptera: Aphididae). This aphid is located in the roots of the lettuce and underneath the soil; therefore its life history and management will vary from the information presented in this article addressing aphids feeding on the foliar part of the lettuce. Other less commonly found aphids in lettuce, such as the black bean aphid (Aphis fabae) or the cotton aphid (Aphis gossypii) will not be covered in this article.

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FARM ADVISORS, CONT., Management of Aphids in Lettuce Grown in California Central Coast

The table below presents pictures of aphids and one of the key characteristics to identify them at the species level. This table will not substitute running an identification key. If you are unsure about finding these features, it is highly recommended that you would send a sample to your UCCE office in your area. Foxglove aphid (Aulacorthum solani) Dark green patches at the posterior end of the abdomen by the base of the cornicles

Lettuce aphid (Nasonovia ribis-nigri) Presence of dark bands on dorsal portion of the abdomen Potato aphid (Macrosiphum euphorbiae) Long cauda and cornicles as long or longer than cauda

Green peach aphid (Myzus persicae) Prominent antennal base projecting towards the center of the head

2.3. Scouting If possible, scout lettuce fields twice a week to detect early infestations of aphids. When scouting, check plants from the fieldâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s edges, since they are usually the first area where aphids get established. It is suggested to divide a 40-acre field in four quadrants and take randomly 10 plants per quadrant to inspect for aphids and other pests. Lettuce and foxglove aphids prefer to colonize the interior of the lettuce head (in fact, the lettuce aphid will tend to form colonies at the actual heart of the lettuce). Both aphid species are more difficult to control when colonies are inside and hidden in the lettuce head. On the other hand, green peach and potato aphids will colonize the outer leaves of lettuce, seldom being found in the inner leaves.

CAPCA ADVISER | AUGUST 2018

2.4. Management 2.4.1. Cultural control There is not a specific group of cultural practices in lettuce aimed to manage aphid populations. Fields being harvested or recently harvest may harbor alate aphids that might ended in young lettuce field located next to these old lettuce fields. Prompt discing of recently harvested field may reduce the possibilities of infesting younger lettuce fields in the surrounding areas. Selection of aphid resistance lettuce varieties is usually one of the main tactics to manage the lettuce aphid under organic production systems. Also, proper weed control within and around fields can help reduce aphid transmitted virus pressure.

2.4.2. Biocontrol Aphids are naturally attacked in lettuce fields by predators such as hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae), ladybugs (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), green lacewings (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) and parasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera, mainly Brachonidae). Aphids are also infected by a naturally occurring entomopathogenic fungus, Entomophthora aphidis (Fig. 1). Despite the predation service provided by these “good guys”, rarely aphid populations are solely managed by biocontrol agents in conventional lettuce fields. However, organic growers have opted to increase the availability of flowering plants to provide additional pollen and nectar and attract natural enemies. The use of insectary plants (like sweet alyssum, or coriander), which are intercropped with lettuce, provide alternative food sources for their populations to establish and grow in these lettuce fields. It is important that these beneficial insects are already established when the aphids arrive, so they can effectively control aphid population’s growth. 2.4.3. Chemical control Aphids forming colonies may stress younger and smaller lettuce plants; therefore a remedial control tactic might be needed earlier in the crop. If an insecticide application is recommended, there are several chemical options to treat and control aphids. Active ingredients within the neonicotinoid chemical class, including imidacloprid, acetamiprid, and thiamethoxam, could be used to control early infestations of aphids. Additionally, there are other active ingredients considered as aphid-specific, such as spirotetramat, flupyradifurone, flonicamid, and sulfoxaflor; and they can be used to control a different range of level of aphid infestations. Spirotetramat may take up to 10 days to be metabolized in the plant after application and to convert into derivatives that are toxic to aphids. Early detection of aphid populations is crucial to have spirotetramat metabolized and toxic to aphids, avoiding further establishment of this pest in lettuce. Opposite to spirotetramat, sulfoxaflor being a systemic (moves within the plant) and trans-laminar (move through leaves) chemical, is toxic to aphids within hours after the application. It is highly recommended to rotate active ingredients to avoid potential development of insecticide resistance in aphids. Avoid waiting until aphid populations are too large and get “out of hand”, since multiple insecticide applications might be needed to reduce large aphid populations to tolerable numbers. There are limited insecticidal options approved for organic production systems in lettuce. Some organic registered products containing azadirachtin, pyrethrum, and spinosyns could be used as remedial control for aphids in this crop. Other products such as insecticidal soaps, oils, plant extracts (from garlic or peppers), and entomopathogenic fungi could be used to manage aphid populations in organic lettuce. Please visit http://ipm.ucanr.edu/

Fig. 1. Foxglove aphid infected by naturally occurring Entomophthora aphidis in lettuce.

PMG/selectnewpest.lettuce.html at the UC IPM guidelines to gather more information and revise the suggested application rates per acre, restricted entry (REI), and pre-harvest intervals (PHI) for products with activity against aphids. 3. Conclusion Aphids could be a challenge pest to manage in lettuce, especially in organic fields. It is important to know about their life history to forecast when aphids would be present in lettuce fields. Proper species identification will help PCAs to choose an adequate control tactic. Future potential restrictions on the use of neonicotinoid may pose additional challenges for managing aphids in lettuce. However, the deployment of other tactics, such as the use of aphid resistance lettuce varieties and insectary plants, will help to reduce the sole dependence on insecticide sprays in the lettuce production system. █

AUGUST 2018 | CAPCA ADVISER

FARM ADVISORS

Weedy Rice in California: Addressing an Emerging Pest Through Research and Outreach used in rice do not control it. Currently, there are no herbicides registered even for spot-spraying. Management options during the season are limited to hand-pulling plants out of the field.

Luis Espino, Rice Farm Advisor, Colusa, Glenn and Yolo Counties Whitney Brim-DeForest, Rice Farm Advisor, Sutter/Yuba, Placer and Sacramento Counties Tim Johnson, California Rice Commission There are several references in the scientific literature and other publications regarding the presence of weedy rice during the early years of the California rice industry. However, beginning in the 1950s, mentions of weedy rice in California are rare, and the state was later considered practically free of weedy rice. Then, in 2003, a few plants were found in a field in Glenn County. This prompted the industry to look at the issue of weedy rice a bit closer, and by 2006 six fields in Colusa and Glenn counties were known to be infested. The weedy rice type infesting all these fields was the same, a medium-grain, awned, straw hull type we now call “type 3” (fig. 1). Then, in 2016, for reasons that are not clear, four more types of weedy rice were found infesting close to 10,000 acres spread out all across the Sacramento Valley. Most of the infestations consisted of only a few plants or small patches of plants, indicating that the introductions into those fields had occurred anywhere from a few to several years ago. Fortunately, no yield reductions or quality downgrades have occurred in these fields yet. Weedy rice has the potential to be a severe problem in California rice. Once mature, weedy rice panicles shatter easily, falling back to the field before they can be picked up by the harvester. In 2016, a survey of infested fields showed that the weedy rice seedbank can be relatively large even in fields with small infestations (table 1). Once in the soil, weedy rice seed can stay dormant in the soil for several years. Because weedy rice is a type of rice, herbicides

Weedy rice has been a problem in the southern US for years, and . the industry there has struggled with this problem for a long time. Recently, herbicide-resistant rice varieties were introduced that can be sprayed with herbicides that can kill the weedy rice without injuring the conventional rice. This herbicide-resistant technology is not available for California rice growers yet, so management needs to be based on using clean seed, early detection, and cultural practices. Using clean seed is the most effective way to prevent the introduction of weedy rice into uninfested fields. The use of certified seed was one of the factors that contributed to the “disappearance” of weedy rice from California after the 1950s. In some of the currently infested fields, the use of non-certified seed resulted in the initial introduction of weedy rice into those fields. Certified seed fields are inspected to ensure they are clean of problematic pests, including weedy rice. The rice industry is taking steps to eliminate the use of non-certified seed and ensure that seed used to plant rice in California is free of weedy rice. Growers and PCAs must be vigilant and inspect suspected plants. The sooner an infestation is noticed, the easier it will be to clean the field. Weedy rice can be tricky to identify (fig. 2). Currently, we know of five types that are present in California (table 2). One of them is only present in one location. We have created a website (http://caweedyrice.com) with pictures and videos that can help with identification. If a grower or PCA suspects a plant may be weedy rice, contact one of the UCCE advisors working on rice in the county. They will take a sample and determine if the sample is indeed weedy rice. To aid in this process, we have developed a smart phone app, the Weedy Rice Reporter (fig. 3). The app will allow

TABLE 1. Weedy rice seeds found in soil samples taken from infested fields in 2016. In each field, 32 soil samples were taken along a transect, each approximately weighing 1 lb. County Butte Sutter Glenn Yuba Colusa Sutter 44

CAPCA ADVISER | AUGUST 2018

Type 1 1 1 2 3 5

Seeds/ft2 2.91 0.21 0.43 2.7 0.65 3.67

Percent infested soil samples 41 6 9 21 18 42

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FARM ADVISORS, CONT., Weedy Rice in California

FIG. 1

FIG. 2

Figure 1. Weedy rice type 3 was first found in Glenn County in 2003. Currently, it is only found in Colusa and Glenn counties.

Figure 2. Weedy rice type 1. This type is the most widely distributed of all weedy rices in California. It can be difficult to distinguish from cultivated rice because it is awnless and hulls and straw colored. It is taller and lighter green than cultivated rice, and its kernels have red pericarp at maturity.

TABLE 2. Description of each weedy rice type, county distribution and approximate acreage infested across all counties.

Weedy rice

Description

Counties

Approximate infested acreage

Type 1

Straw-hulled, awnless, short-grain, no color on plant nodes

Butte, Glenn, Placer, Sutter, San Joaquin, Placer

3,669

Type 2

Gold-hulled, awnless, medium-grain, no color on plant nodes

Butte, Colusa, Sutter, Yuba

2,639

Type 3

Straw-hulled, awned, medium-grain, no color on plant nodes

Glenn, Colusa

791

Type 4

Black-hulled, awned, medium-grain, no color on plant nodes

Glenn

161

Type 5

Straw-hulled, awnless, medium-grain, purple bands on plant nodes

Sutter, Yolo, Yuba

2,555

Note: all currently-identified types are taller in height than Calrose medium-grain varieties, all have red pericarp (red bran), and are pubescent (have â&#x20AC;&#x153;fuzzyâ&#x20AC;? leaves)

CAPCA ADVISER | AUGUST 2018

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FARM ADVISORS, CONT., Weedy Rice in California

TABLE 3. Dormancy and shattering for the 5 weedy rice types, and their estimated duration of time in the soil, depending on their dormancy and shattering characteristics Populations Type 1, Type 3, Type 4

Characteristics High dormancy, high shattering

Type 2, Type 5

Low dormancy, high shattering

Figure 3. The Weedy Rice Reporter App can be used to send pictures and GPS coordinates of a suspected weedy rice plant in the field. UCCE Farm Advisors will receive the submissions and inspect the plants in the field, informing the grower or PCA if the plant is indeed weedy rice.

Duration of time in soil for seeds Long-term (may be more than 10 years) Shorter (likely to be a few years, but only if more seed is not being put into the soil seedbank)

you to report the location of a suspect plant and include pictures. Do not take samples to the Rice Experiment Station in Biggs. On the caweedyrice.com website, you will also find general management guidelines. In general, we encourage growers and PCAs that have weedy rice in their fields to rogue plants and destroy them, do not disk fields after harvest, and winter flood. Leaving weedy rice seeds exposed during the winter encourages consumption by insects or birds, and reduces their viability. It is important to know which type of weedy rice is present in the field. Our research shows that there are differences among types, and these differences may influence management (table 3). For example, types 1, 3, and 4 have high dormancy, meaning that the seeds will persist in the soil for a long period of time, even if the grower is using techniques like the stale seedbed to try to get them to germinate. This is due to the fact that even when all conditions are great for germination, only about 5% of the viable seeds (close to the soil surface) will actually germinate in any given year. For types 2 and 5, types with low dormancy, utilizing a stale seedbed technique would promote germination of over 90% of the seeds found close to the soil surface. █

Weedy Rice Regulations in California In order to combat weedy rice, the California rice industry developed the following regulations affecting seed and equipment. Adopted by the California Department of Food and Agriculture, they require: • Equipment which has been used for planting, harvesting, drying and milling that enters California from a state that produces rice shall be subject to inspection for weedy rice by the county agricultural commissioner in the destination county prior to use. • Farm saved seed may not be sold to another grower. Producers using their own farm saved seed may use it for rice production in 2018. • Producers may only use seed that has been enrolled in a certification program by an Association of Official Seed Certifying Agencies (AOSCA) member or is subject to a third-party quality assurance program approved by the Certification Committee beginning January 1, 2019. • Effective August 1, 2019, handlers shall require producer verification of planting certified seed or seed enrolled in a third-party quality assurance program approved by the Certification Committee. Growers are strongly encouraged to use certified seed or seed that has been evaluated by a third–party quality assurance program this year. 48

CAPCA ADVISER | AUGUST 2018

STANDARD OF CONDUCT Adopted 1989

CAPCA members will conduct themselves in a professional manner according to their code of ethics by observing all laws and all regulations, broadening their abilities through continuing education, and respecting the needs of their clients, the environment and public safety at all times.

CODE OF ETHICS Adopted 1992

INTRODUCTION The California Association of Pest Control Advisers (CAPCA) recognizes the unique ethical and professional responsibility of the licensed pest control adviser (PCA). PCAs have the responsibility to support and promote the highest standards of conduct in the performance of their duties to the public, the environment and their clients. CAPCA members will observe and obey all laws and regulations pertaining to our industry, and will voluntarily assume the obligations of self-discipline, honor, and environmental respect set forth in the CAPCA ‘Code of Ethics.’

ARTICLE I: Obligation of the PCA to the Public and Environment • Prescribe environmentally sound pest management methods which do not jeopardize the public health and welfare. • Ensure that alternative measures for pest management situations have been reviewed, as provided by law. • Maintain an awareness of public concerns and be willing to address those concerns in a sound, scientifically-based manner. • Serve as a leading advocate of safe and effective pest management technologies. • Participate in the advancement of pest management and professional knowledge.

ARTICLE II: Obligation of the PCA to the Client • PCAs have an affirmative ethical obligation not to conceal their source of compensation when asked. • Help the client keep abreast of relevant regulatory and technological changes which could impact the client’s business. • Provide the client with pest management advice which meets the following criteria: - environmentally, economically, and ethically sound - legal uses that are objective and are research-based

ARTICLE III: Obligation of PCA to the Profession • Refrain from making false or misleading statements about the work of other PCAs. • Recognize the duty to report illegal practices to the proper authorities. • Maintain state-of-the-art knowledge of pest management through conscientious pursuit of continuing education. • Participate in industry affiliated organizations and activities which encourage the betterment of the profession. • Foster and support research and education for the advancement of pest management.

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Forage/Silage Golf/Sports Turf Grains Grapes Rice

T/O, Landscape Tree Nuts Vegetables Vegetation Mgmt Organics

Go to CAPCA.com and submit your membership form online to pay by Credit Card Federal Tax ID #94-2277533

Your dues payment is not deductible as a charitable contribution for federal and state tax purposes. However, a portion of your payment may be deducted as an ordinary and necessary business expense. Please advise your tax consultant if you qualify for an ordinary and necessary business expense tax deduction. If you qualify for an ordinary and necessary business expense tax deduction, you may deduct up to $119/$37 for dues of $145/$45 respectively. If you chose not to earmark $7.00 of your dues as a contribution to CAPCA PAC and you qualify for an ordinary and necessary business expense tax deduction, you may deduct up to $126/$44 for dues of $145/$45.

**The CAPCA PAC Contribution is a voluntary non-tax contribution 50

CAPCA ADVISER | AUGUST 2018

For CAPCA Use Only Check#___________________ Amount__________________

CAPCA STAFF CONTACTS

RUTHANN ANDERSON CAPCA President/CEO Adviser Editor ruthann@capca.com (916) 928-1625 x7

JOYCE A. BASAN

Programs/Communications Dir. Adviser Deputy Editor joyce@capca.com (916) 928-1625 x2

SYLVIA STARK

Advertising Sales Manager Advertising/Publications sylvia@capca.com (916) 607-0059 or (916) 928-1625 x9

Market Development Manager

DEE STROWBRIDGE

Membership/Conferences Dir. Sustaining Membership, Acct. dee@capca.com (916) 928-1625 x3

ADAM BARSANTI

Outreach Relations Manager adam@capca.com (916) 928-1625 x6

ARIANA McCRAY

RACHEL TAFT

Executive Assistant Leadership Institute, Grants rachel@capca.com (916) 928-1625 x5

Southern California CAPCA Representative ariana@capca.com (805) 704-3255 or (916) 928-1625 x8

IXCHEL FLANNERY Office Administrator/ Membership Liaison ixchel@capca.com (916) 928-1625 x1

AUGUST 2018 | CAPCA ADVISER

Mark Your Calendar

CAPCA’s 44 Annual Conference & Agri-Expo th

AT THE CENTER OF PLANT HEALTH

October 14-16, 2018 Disneyland Resort - Anaheim, California REGISTRATION OPEN Conference Registration and Hotel Accommodations can be made at

CAPCA.COM/CONFERENCE Registration Rates:

Accommodations:

Member/Exhibitor - $325 Non Member - $405 Educator - $225 Student - $150 Spouse - $175 Children - $100

Once you are registered for the conference you will be sent a link to book your hotel at the group rate. You will need Registration ID to complete.

Questions - Contact Dee Strowbridge 916-928-1625 x 3 or dee@capca.com

Disneyland Hotel - $225.00 Grand Californian - $285.00 Please always remember to book accommodations through CAPCA’s website or directly with the hotel. Most 3rd party companies offering lower rates are a scam.

WORMS, THRIPS, LEAFMINERS

IN ONE PASS

Only Radiant® insecticide controls worms, thrips and leafminers. And university trials in Arizona and California show that Radiant outperforms other commonly-used vegetable insecticides on all three of these pests. As a member of the spinosyn class of chemistry (IRAC Group 5), Radiant controls pests like no other class of chemistry used in vegetables. The Re-Entry Interval is only 4 hours, and the Pre-Harvest Interval is 1 day for most crops.

® Trademark of The Dow Chemical Company (“Dow”) or an affiliated company of Dow Always read and follow label directions. www.dowagro.com

October 14-16, 2018 - Disneyland Resort, CA

SPONSORS

CAPCA ADVISER | AUGUST 2018

REGISTRATION OPEN

CAPCA’s 44 Annual Conference & Agri-Expo th

AT THE CENTER OF PLANT HEALTH

EXHIBITORS Option 1 CMYK

A4 Promotions Acadian Plant Health ACG Materials Actagro ADAMA AeroVironment AEF Global, Inc Ag 1 Source Ag Alert Ag Laboratory & Consulting AgNet West Radio Network Ag Spray Equipment Agrian Agrinos AgroLiquid Agroplantae Agroplasma, Inc Agroscience Solutions AgroSource, Inc AgroThrive Organic Fertilizer AGQ Labs Albaugh Albion Plant Nutrition Almond Board of CA Amvac Chemical Corporation Andermatt USA Arable Labs, Inc Arborjet Arysta LifeScience NA Atticus LLC Baicor BASF BioAtlantis USA BioFlora BioSafe Systems

Blue Mountain Minerals Brandt California Organic Fertilizers Caltec Ag CDMS Citrus Pest & Disease Prevention

CV Water Control Quality Bd Ceres Imaging Certis USA Chemurgic Agricultural Chemicals

Compass Minerals Converted Organics LLC Crop Science a division of Bayer CSI – Nutri-Cal Davis Instruments Dellavalle Laboratory, Inc Diamond K Gypsum Drexel Chemical Company DTN Duarte Nursery Dupont Crop Protection EarthSol LLC FBSciences, Inc FMC Agricultural Solutions Fusion 360, Inc GoatThroat Pumps Gar Tootelian, Inc Gowan USA LLC Grower’s Secret GWSS Board |CDFA PD Harsco Metals & Minerals Helena Agri-Enterprises LLC HELM Agro US Hortau Huma Gro

ICL Specialty Fertilizers Interstate Ag Plastics Irrometer Co Isagro USA JCS Marketing Jet Harvest Solutions Keyplex Lida Plant Research Liphatech, Inc JH Biotech Magna Bon II Malcolm Media Ag Publishing Mar Vista Resources Marrone Bio Innovations Mazzei Injector Company Meister Media Worldwide Miller Chemical & Fertilizers Momentive Montage for Ag Motomco Naiad Company, Inc Nature’s Source Nature Safe Natural & Organic Fert. Netafim USA Neudorff North America Nichino America NovaSource Nufarm America Nutrien Ag Solutions Nutrient Technologies Ocean Organics Corp OHP, Inc Organic Ag Products Organic Farms Fertilizers Oro Agri

Plant Food Systems Polymer Ag LLC QualiTech Redox Semios USA, Inc Simplot Grower Solutions Solutions 4Earth Spectrum Technologies SQM North America STK Bio-ag Technologies SummitAgro USA Suterra Symborg Syngenta Crop Protection Syntech Research, Inc Taminco US LLC Tiger-Sul Products TKI Crop Vitality Trece True Organic Products, Inc UCANR UPI Valent Vegalab - The Agronomy Group Verdegaal Brothers, Inc Verdesian Life Science Vestaron Corporation Westbridge Agricultural Products

Western Farm Press Western Milling Western Region CCA Wildeye Willowood Wonderful Nurseries Yamaha Motor Yara

Thank You 2018

Platinum Sustaining Members

Brandt

AgroLiquid

Leading Plant Health Innovation and Sustainability

Prospering the Farmer Through Responsible Nutrient Management

Willowood USA LLC Manufacturer of Post Patent Crop Protection Products

CAPCA ADVISER | AUGUST 2018

Crop Science, a division of Bayer Science for a Better Life

Meeting will only be accredited with ICCA - Soil/ Water & Nutrient Management categories

Nitrogen Management Update October 13, 2018 1:00-5:00 pm Disneyland Resort

$100 registration fee - meeting only $75 registration fee - combined with CAPCA Conference Registration REGISTER AT CAPCA.COM/CONFERENCE  Topics Include:   

Enhanced Efficiency Nitrogen Fertilizers Optimizing Irrigation and Nitrogen Fertilization in Coast Berrys and Vegetables Fertilization Practices & Nutrient Management Plans in Nursery Production Nitrogen Fertilization for Desert Vegetables

Open to All Agricultural Professionals Additional Sponsors

AUGUST 2018 | CAPCA ADVISER

CAPCA 2018 Sustaining Membership Levels BRONZE

SILVER

GOLD

$600

$2,000

$3,000

$5,000

$10,000

$25,000

Sustaining Member Acknowledgement on the CAPCA website and in each issue of the Adviser

✔

Subscription(s) to Adviser Magazine

Job Opportunities Posting in Adviser

Unlimited

Subscription(s) to Applicator Alerts

50% Ad Discount in Applicator Alerts

Business Card Size Only

Any Ad Size

✔

Adviser Advertorial*

1**

Comp Conference Registration(s)

$100

$200

$300

Two-Page Spread in Adviser

Invitation to Sustaining Member Council***

BENEFITS

½ Page Adviser Ad (October issue excluded) Complimentary Mailing Labels Early Reservation for Conference Exhibit Booth

(Opens March 2018 to Bronze and April 2018 to non-members)

CHROME DIAMOND PLATINUM

✔

Conference Exhibit Booth Discount (Limit 4)

Pathway to PCA Outreach (Logo Acknowledgement)

✔

Adviser Magazine Outsert

(October issue excluded, 2 pg limit)

$5,000 Add-On Elite Option and Benefits: CAPCA ED - Event Host with marketing (website and event) and Speaker (approved DPR content only) *

✔

October issue fills quickly, first come, first served

** October issue guaranteed if booked by Feb. 2018 *** Sustaining Member Council for Middle to Senior Management or Owner as representative. Quarterly Meetings; consistent representative for the year requested.

To negotiate customizable benefits at the Platinum or Diamond level, contact Ruthann Anderson: (916) 928-1625

For all other levels, contact Dee Strowbridge: (916) 928-1625

✔

ADVERTORIAL

SUCKER MANAGEMENT IN TREE AND VINE CROPS By Pedro Hernandez, Product Development Project Manager

Sucker control is an expensive and time-consuming task that many growers must perform on a yearly basis. Suckers are nonproductive and undesirable plant material that protrude from the trunk, base of the rootstalk, or roots. The main reason suckers are removed is to maintain the shape of the tree or vine; however, suckers can interfere with farming practices such as: irrigation, weed control, and harvest. Suckers can also harbor insects and diseases that can move over to the crop. Grape, cherry, plum, pomegranate, and olive are among the crops that often require suckering. Typically, suckers are removed manually which puts stress on budgets and an already short supply of available labor. Growers have been known to spend up to $200/acre per pass on manual labor to remove suckers, and often two passes are needed to effectively remove the suckers during the season. A more economical and efficient alternative to manual removal of suckers is chemical burndown with non-systemic contact herbicides. For this strategy to be effective, suckers must be sprayed while they are young and tender (8 to 12 inches of growth), and complete spray coverage is imperative. Often, two applications spaced at 3 to 4 weeks are necessary for control. Chemical sucker control can be accomplished in two ways: (1) by using a standard herbicide sprayer and adjusting the direction and height of the nozzles to spray the suckers or (2) by spot spraying with a hand wand. Whichever method is chosen, make sure it fits the needs of the orchard or vineyard. The fastest and easiest way to remove suckers is via the spray rig, but with this method, thorough spray coverage may not be achieved and the area in-between trunks will needlessly be sprayed if suckers are not present. However, if weeds exist on the berm, both weeds and suckers can be controlled with the application. With the sprayer application, multiple applications will likely be needed. Spot spraying is the most effective way to control suckers since only the suckers are being targeted for treatment, good spray coverage can be accomplished, and waste of spray product will be reduced. However, this strategy is a bit more time consuming and labor intensive. Proper selection of herbicides for sucker control is key to avoid damaging the trees or vines. VenueÂŽ herbicide from Nichino America is registered for sucker control in a number of crops including grape, pomegranate, cherry, prune, and olive. Venue is a Group 14 PPO contact herbicide/desiccant which rapidly burns down suckers and tender shoots without translocation into the tree or vine. In recent sucker control studies in the Central Valley and Central Coast, Venue proved very effective at providing control of suckers in grape, cherry, pomegranate, and plum. When comparing spot treatment versus spray rig application, Venue showed superior control via spot treatment. Venue at 4 fl oz/acre should be used alone or in combination with paraquat, glufosinate, or carfentrazone at label use rates. Use of COC or MSO is recommended. Because spray coverage is critical, use 30 to 40 gallons of water per acre or spray suckers by hand till wet. Venue will also provide burndown of broadleaf weeds. The label allows a total of 12 fl oz per acre per year for weed and sucker control. Always read and follow all labels for use directions.

Untreated Grape Suckers

Venue 4 fl oz Spot Spray Application

Venue 4 fl oz Spray Rig Application

ÂŠ2018 Nichino America, Inc. All rights reserved. Venue and Nichino America logo are registered trademarks of Nichino America, Inc. Always read and follow all label directions. Refer to global MRL database for current established tolerances www.globalmrl.com/db#query | 888-740-7700 | www.nichino.net

Thank You 2018 Su DIAMOND LEVEL

CHROME LEVEL

Grow with Agrian BioFlora Nutures the Partnership between Plants and Soil

The Biopesticide Company

Your Trusted & Dedicated Partner in Agriculture

Great Yields Begin Here

Grow More With Less

Industry Leader in Insect Monitoring and Control

www.corteva.com

www.nichino.net

www.upi-usa.com

Creating Value through Innovative Solutions

Providing Resources for Value Creation

WE TAKE SOIL HEALTH SERIOUSLY!

Ideas to Grow With

Products that Work, From People Who CareÂ®

ustaining Members GOLD LEVEL

A Pioneer in Leading Crop Health Products

For a Better and Safer World

Power to Grow

Crop Protection Products

Yield Enhancement Solutions

www.arysta.com

Fertilizer and Specialty Products

Natural Products for Pest Management and Plant Health

Growing a Healthy TomorrowTM

Simply Sustainable. Always Effective.

Helping Our World Grow Healthier Plants

Leaders in Nutrient Technologies

Bringing Plant Potential to Life

The Grower's Advantage

www.westernfarmpress.com

AUGUST 2018 | CAPCA ADVISER

Thank You 2018 Sustaining Members

SILVER LEVEL ADAMA

www.adama.com

AgroPlantae Inc

Capturing Maximum Genetic Potential

Atticus LLC

Relevant. Simple. Reliable.

Buttonwillow Warehouse Central Life Sciences The Ant Control Experts

Drexel Chemical Company Serving Growers Since 1972

EarthSol LLC

Official Licensed Distrubtor of Seasol

J.G. Boswell Co. Miller Chemical and Fertilizer, LLC Serving Global Agriculture Through Committed People, Innovation and Quality Products

Nature Safe Natural & Organic Fertilizers The Natural Choice for Soil and Plant Nutrition

Nufarm Americas, Inc www.nufarm/com/US/Home

S.P. McClenahan, Inc. 100 Years of Arboriculture

Suterra LLC

Making Your World a Better Place. Naturally

Target Specialty Products www.target-specialty.com

Verdesian Life Sciences, LLC The Nutrient Use Efficiency People 62

CAPCA ADVISER | AUGUST 2018

BRONZE LEVEL

Actagro Ag 1 Source AG RX Agrinos Inc Agro Logistic Systems, Inc Agroplasma Inc Baicor L.C. Bio Ag Services Corp Blue Mountain Minerals California Organic Fertilizers, Inc. CDMS, Inc Deerpoint Group, Inc Dellavalle Laboratory Diversified Waterscapes, Inc. Duarte Nursery, Inc. HELM Agro US Hortau, Inc Hydrite Chemical Interstate Ag Plastics Isagro USA JCS Marketing Jet Harvest Solutions KeyPlex Magna Bon II Monsanto Crop Protection Motomco Nature's Source (Ball DPF, LLC) North Valley Ag Services Nutrient Technologies, Inc OHP, Inc Organic Ag Products Pacific Biocontrol Corporation Polymer Ag, LLC PowWow Energy Precision Laboratories Produce Careers, Inc. Ratto Bros Rotam North American San Joaquin Grower Services Solutions 4Earth Spectrum Technologies, Inc. SQM North America SummitAgro - USA Symborg Inc Taminco US LLC Terra Aerial Drone Services The Morning Star Packing Co Tiger-Sul Products, LLC Van Beurden Insurance Svcs Western Region Certified Crop Advisers (CCA) Wonderful Nurseries Zenith Insurance Company

ADVERTORIAL

ROOT HEALTH IN ALMOND ORCHARDS

Orchard Success and Why It Pays to Focus on Root Health Root health is a basic necessity impacting orchard health for many years. Sustainability, production and growth are all compromised by poor root health.

Sampling and Monitoring With permanent crops like almonds, the biggest threats to tree root systems are destructive nematode species that feed on them, leaving trees struggling to take up sufficient nutrients and water. Whether the orchard is a new re-plant or mature, growers should consider soil sampling for nematode levels and continue to monitor for diseases that can also erode soil health. According to the California Department of Food and Agriculture, nematodes reduce vigor and yield in tree nuts, causing 15 to 20 percent yield loss on average but sometimes as much as 50 percent.1

Nematode populations can

rebuild over two or three years,

Nematodes reduce vigor and yield in tree nuts, causing

15 to 20 percent yield loss on average but sometimes as much as

threatening the health of maturing trees.

50 percent.1

and has been shown to protect root health and help establish the crop. Trials conducted in California showed that young almond orchards treated with Velum One saw improved canopy diameter by more than half (58%) as well as improvement in yield. Movento® insecticide can be applied as an in-season foliar spray. It moves through the leaves, down to the roots, protecting the roots from the effects of nematode feeding.

Velum® One Helps Establish Young Almond Orchards Velum One-treated trees show 58% increase in canopy diameter (green canopy pixels).

North

Below the surface of the soil, where plant roots are meant to thrive and provide a healthy support system, is the place to start your orchard health program.

Velum® One

Restrictions on soil fumigant use due to air quality concerns make pre-plant soil fumigation less likely to be a permanent nematode management solution. In addition, nematode populations in soil can rebuild over two or three years, threatening the health of maturing trees, and additional applications to suppress nematodes after fumigations are necessary. Nematicides and insecticides are reliable post-plant protection against nematodes. “Research shows annual applications, as trees establish root systems, can add to crop yields,” says Rob Kiss, Bayer Customer Business Advisor in central California.

Nematicide and Insecticide Solutions Velum ® One is a new nematicide that can be easily applied via drip and microjet chemigation. It suppresses a wide range of nematodes

South

Fumigation Untreated

Velum One applied at 6.5 oz. per acre, spring 2017, via drip irrigation. Trees planted in January 2017.

Fungicide Solutions Serenade® ASO applied through chemigation colonizes the roots, helping to protect them from damage caused by soil-borne diseases. Healthier roots improve soil health and plant nutrient and water uptake.

Summary Growers looking for an optimal start for their newly planted orchards and maturing trees should continue to be vigilant in managing soil pests and diseases in order to extract the maximum production and value from their orchards. Making sure the root systems are protected from soil diseases and pests will give trees every chance to produce up to their full potential and ensure the long-term vigor and health of your orchard.

Learn more at: www.CropScience.Bayer.us

California Department of Food and Agriculture 2015 Specialty Crop Block Grant Program Project Abstracts.

IMPORTANT: This bulletin is not intended to provide adequate information for use of these products. Read the label before using these products. Observe all label directions and precautions while using these products. © 2018 Bayer CropScience LP, 2 TW Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Always read and follow label instructions. Bayer, the Bayer Cross, Movento, Serenade, and Velum are registered trademarks of Bayer. Not all products are registered for use in all states. For additional product information, call toll-free 1-866-99-BAYER (1-866-992-2937) or visit our website at www.CropScience.Bayer.us. CR0218MULTIPB236S00R0

AUGUST 2018 | CAPCA ADVISER

CAREER OPPORTUNITIES

NOTE: Some of the following job opportunities may be abbreviated postings. To view the complete posting, please log into your membership access on our website at https://capca.com/my-account/ PCA Trainee – Porterville, CA Nutrien Ag Solutions

Summary: Reporting to the facility manager, a successful candidate will work under an established PCA, inspecting farmers' fields and records weed, insect, disease and other observations, learning agronomy, and sales skills. The trainee plays an important role in field scouting services offered to help make timely informed and economical field crop decisions. Requirements: Ag Based Degree and the ability to test and obtain a PCA license within 8 months of date of hire. Preference given to individuals with experience with vines and/or field scouting experience. Valid driver's license and clean driving record required. Ability to work outdoors for extended periods of time, under all weather conditions. Above average organizational skills, ability to understand new concepts and learn quickly, complete work targets with little or no supervision in a timely manner, and self-motivated. Ability to pass drug and alcohol screening. Apply: Send your resume with references to Breanna.errotabere@nutrien.com with the Subject: Porterville PCA Trainee

Technical Support Researcher – Lost Hills, CA Wonderful Orchards

Summary: The Technical Support Researcher supervises the implementation of daily, seasonal and yearly technical and research tasks as directed by the Technical Support Manager, Agronomist or Director of Research. Must be able to work independently and remotely under field, lab and/or office conditions. Must be able to navigate in a widely-divergent work environment, possibly traveling hundreds of miles. Requirements: Bachelor's Degree in field of Science, Plant Health, Plant Science, Crop Science, Entomology, Biology, Lab Sciences or Agricultural related field OR 2 Year advanced degree and 4 years relevant experience OR High School Education and 8+ years working within an agricultural field with 2 years specific Wonderful AG companies. Bilingual English/Spanish preferred. Knowledge and experience with orchards farming activities preferred. Ability to communicate effectively both written and oral. A team player, flexible, consistent and reliable, able to work with minimal supervision. Apply: Online at www.wonderful.com or email you resume to careers.orchards@wonderful.com

Western Account Leader – Western US ADAMA

Summary: Guided by the values of the company, the Western Account Leader strategically leads national key accounts located in the western US by aligning the customer's direction & strategy with ADAMA's overall business goals. Requirements: Build overall direction of business segments. Work with Sales Team Leaders to deliver entire portfolio sales goals. Utilize current field assets to deliver goals for the national account. Build & facilitate comprehensive account plans, which will be shared with key stakeholders within the organization. Define a strategy for the specific account for the Hybrid Portfolio & support broader management in building business strategy. Apply: Apply online at www.adama.com or contact Hollie Altice at hollie.altice@adama.com

CAPCA ADVISER | AUGUST 2018

SAVE THE DATE

Thursday, September 20, 2018 - Modesto, CA

• CAPCA Ed & CCA Seminar • 7:30 a.m. - 3:00 p.m.

For more information: https://capca.com/events/september-20-2018-modesto-capca-ed/

• STAY INFORMED • Increase your knowledge of the news, actions and proposed regulatory changes from the Department of Pesticide Regulation (DPR) that may affect your PCA license and the pest control industry.

DPR Electronic Subscription Lists

Plan Ahead Now to Attend These 2019 Spray Safe Events: KERN COUNTY SPRAY SAFE

January 25, 2019 Kern County Fairgrounds 1142 South P Street, Bakersfield, CA 93307 Information at: https://kerncfb.com/spray-safe/

YOLO COUNTY SPRAY SAFE

February 6, 2019 Yolo County Fairgrounds, Waite Hall 1250 Gum Avenue, Woodland, CA 95776 Information at: https://www.yolofarmbureau.org/events/2019/2019-spray-safe

DPR’s web site includes a subscription page for their electronic mailing lists. You can sign up to receive free, automatic delivery of: ➢➢DPR News Releases. ➢➢Licensing, Certification and Continuing Education Information. ➢➢Notices on Regulatory Actions or Proposed Regulatory Changes that may affect your license and/or business operations. ➢➢Updates on over 20 regulatory issues and programs. Subscribe at: http://www.cdpr.ca.gov/docs/dept/ listserv/listdesc.htm

CAREER OPPS, CONT.

Tree Sales Representative – Central California Wonderful Nurseries

Summary: Wonderful Nurseries is the industry's leading provider of dormant field-grown benchgrafts, greenhouse-grown benchgrafts, dormant rootstock rootings and other vineyard-related products to wine grape, table grape and juice grape growers across the country. In the last 3 years, we have expanded our operations to include tree production for Wonderful Orchards plantings and a few outside growers. Requirements: Services existing accounts, obtains orders, and establishes new accounts by planning and organizing daily work schedule to call on existing or potential sales outlets and other trade factors. Resolves customer complaints by investigating problems; developing solutions; preparing reports; making recommendations to management. Keeps management informed by submitting activity and results reports, such as daily call reports, weekly work plans, and monthly and annual territory analyses. Maintains professional and technical knowledge by attending educational workshops; reviewing professional publications; establishing personal networks; participating in professional societies. Apply: online at: www.wonderful.com/careers or email resume to: careers.orchards@wonderful.com

Sales Representative – Sacramento STK bio-ag technologies

Summary: Manage existing accounts and attract new business. Prospect and drive long-term relationships with the farmers and distributors in your assigned territory and implement sales operations as directed by the Country Business Manager. Promote our portfolio of Biopesticide products to farmers, growers, end-users in liaison with our local distributors. Requirements: Execute a push strategy with retail distribution partners. Pull products through the retail channel by influencing product purchase decisions directly at the large grower level. Achieve sales goals. Manage customer base and use your existing network of growers and distributors to identify new opportunities. Develop plans and actions for growth. Strong understanding of ag practices in vine, berry, tree, and row crops in CA, OR and WA. BA/BS in Business, Agribusiness, or Ag Science related field. Experience in sales of agrochemicals/crop protection chemicals and PCA or CCA license preferred. Apply: Please send resume to Pam Fiorini at pam.fiorini@stk-ag.com

Southern Sales Manager – Southern California and Arizona Mar Vista Resources

Summary: The Southern California and Arizona Sales Manager manages all sales activity for the territory. The territory is from Merced south through Kern county, central and south coastal regions, as well as Arizona. This position plans, directs, and coordinates the distribution and sales of products to retail ag customer locations, while providing excellent customer service. Requirements: Ability to provide technical product support, product training, agronomic advice and sales support for Mar Vista’s line of nutrients and surfactants. Ability to work with PCAs, branch managers, agronomist and purchasing managers. A CCA and PCA license is preferred, as well as agronomic and fertilizer program knowledge. Candidates must be located within the geographical territory. Apply: Please send resume to jirvine@marvistaresources.com. █

CAPCA ADVISER | AUGUST 2018

Date

Title

Location

Sponsor

Contact

Phone

Hrs

8/1/2018

PCA Breakfast

Santa Rosa

Sonoma Co Winegrape Comm

Cappelloni, Dana

(707)522-5851

1.5

8/2/2018

PAPA QAC/QAL Test Prep

San Bernardino

PAPA

Faver, Amanda

(831)442-3536

8/2/2018

La Quinta Meeting

La Quinta

Desert Valley CAPCA

McCray, Ariana

(916)925-1625

8/3/2018

Need ID & Control

Murphys

Calaveras Co Ag Com

Wright, Kevin

(209)754-6505

8/7/2018

E Siskiyou Pesticide Use Update

Merrill, OR

Siskiyou Ag Dept

Smith, James

(530)841-4402

8/7/2018

Vegetation Mgmt Seminar

Yuba City

Wilbur Ellis

Johnson, Scott

(916)712-0499

4.5

8/8/2018

Summer Mtg Adjuvants Plant Nutri

El Centro

Miller Chem

Sands, Joe

(623)776-6640

8/8/2018

Vegetation Mgmt Seminar

Stockton

Wilbur Ellis

Johnson, Scott

(916)712-0499

4.5

8/9/2018

CAPCA Ed Tulare

Tulare

CAPCA

Strowbridge, Dee

(916)928-1625

8/11/2018

Inscalis Insecticide Intro Launch

Coronado

BASF

Pauly, Craig

(928)210-3363

8/14/2018

Vegetation Mgmt Seminar

Fresno

Wilbur Ellis

Johnson, Scott

(916)712-0499

4.5

8/15/2018

Vegetation Mgmt Seminar

Santa Maria

Wilbur Ellis

Johnson, Scott

(916)712-0499

4.5

8/16/2018

CAPCA Ed Simi Valley

Simi Valley

CAPCA Ed

McCray, Ariana

(805)704-3255

8/16/2018

Vegetation Mgmt Seminar

Hollister

Wilbur Ellis

Johnson, Scott

(916)712-0499

4.5

8/17/2018

Yuba-Sutter-Colusa IPM Breakfast

Yuba City

UCANR

Symmes, Emily

(530)538-7201

1.5

8/21/2018

Vegetation Mgmt Seminar

San Diego

Wilbur Ellis

Johnson, Scott

(916)712-0499

4.5

8/22/2018

Vegetation Mgmt Seminar

Ontario

Wilbur Ellis

Johnson, Scott

(916)712-0499

4.5

8/23/2018

Summer Update

San Luis Obispo

CAPCA

Ramirez, Danilu

(805)363-0761

5.5

8/30/2018

Bionatural Healing College

Pomona

Bionatural Healing Coll

Sidiqi, Nadir

(909)568-4150

9/4/2018

E Siskiyou Pesticide Use Update

Merrill, OR

Siskiyou Ag Dept

Smith, James

(530)841-4402

9/5/2018

Aquatic Weed School - Day 1

Davis

Uc Davis

Perez, Gale

(530)752-1748

6.5

9/6/2018

PAPA QAC/QAL Test Prep

Anaheim

PAPA

Faver, Amanda

(831)442-3536

9/6/2018

Aquatic Weed School - Day 2

Davis

Uc Weed Research

Perez, Gale

(530)752-1748

6.5

9/13/2018

PAPA QAC/QAL Test Prep

San Diego

PAPA

Faver, Amanda

(831)442-3536

9/13/2018

Pesticide Use Update

Fort Jones

Siskiyou Ag Dept

Smith, Jim

(530)841-4025

9/19/2018

Agronomic Seminar

Sacramento

Siteone Landscape

Garcia, Jorge

(916)997-2653

9/20/2018

CAPCA Ed Modesto

Modesto

CAPCA Ed

McCray, Ariana

(805)704-3255

9/21/2018

Tehama IPM Breakfast Meeting

Red Bluff

UCANR

Symmes, Emily

(530)538-7201

1.5

9/25/2018

Bionatural Healing College

Pomona

Bionatural Healing Coll

Sidiqi, Nadir

(909)568-4150

10/2/2018

E Siskiyou Pesticide Use Update

Merrill

Siskiyou Ag Dept

Smith, James

(530)841-4402

10/2/2018

PAPA QAC/QAL Test Prep

Indio

PAPA

Faver, Amanda

(831)442-3536

10/10/2018

PAPA QAC/QAL Test Prep

Bakersfield

PAPA

Faver, Amanda

(831)442-3536

10/19/2018

Glenn IPM Breakfast

Orland

UCANR

Symmes, Emily

(530)538-7201

1.5

10/23/2018

Bionatural Healing College

Pomona

Bionatural Healing Coll

Sidiqi, Nadir

(909)568-4150

AUGUST 2018 | CAPCA ADVISER

Introducing a New, Revolutionary Form of Boron BRANDT Smart B and B-Mo Field Trials

BRANDT SMART B and BRANDT SMART B-MO are the newest formulations in BRANDT’s top-selling BRANDT SMART SYSTEM® foliar micronutrient product line. These “SMART nutrients” are designed for

2016 Lettuce Trial

maximum nutrient mobility, performance and tank mix compatibility.

CA, 8 fl oz/ac. 2 apps, 14 day interval

Yield (lbs/ac) 71,050

Grower Standard + BRANDT SMART B-MO (8 fl oz/ac) 60,722

Grower Standard

Key Advantages: ■

One of the most efficient and user friendly forms of boron

■

Compatible in a wide range of tank mix solutions, across a

2015 Tomato Trial

broad pH range

Hobe Sound, FL, 8 fl oz/ac at pre-bloom Yield (lbs/ac)

35,290.9

10% Boron (32 fl oz/ac) 29,278.7

Check

31,701.9

BRANDT SMART B (8 fl oz/ac)

Compatible with pesticides, PGR’s and other micronutrients, including calcium

■

Will not precipitate out of acidic pH solutions like other forms of boron Contains 5% boron, but is so efficient, it gets more boron into plant tissues than 10% boron

Hobe Sound, FL, 8 fl oz/ac at pre-bloom Yield (lbs/ac)

30,777.1

29,935.8

Check

■

2015 Bell Pepper Trial

10% Boron (32 fl oz/ac)

36,652.1

BRANDT SMART B (8 fl oz/ac)

The marks BRANDT and BRANDT Smart System are registered trademarks of BRANDT Consolidated, Inc.

BRANDT SMART B and BRANDT SMART B-MO are recommended for fruit, vegetables, nuts and other crops with high boron needs. They are also recommended as a replacement for 10% boron. For more information, contact BRANDT at 800 300 6559 or info@BRANDT.co

Brandt Consolidated, Inc. www.brandt.co