December 2019 ADVISER Magazine by CAPCA

ADVISER

DECEMBER 2019 | VOL . XXII, NO. 6

California Association of Pest Control Advisers www.capca.com

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Table of Contents LEADERSHIP 06

Gaining ground Rick Harrison

GOVERNMENT 08

CAPCA legislative report

CAPCA UPDATES 10

BeeWhere: tools & compliance

CAPCA CONFERENCE 16

2019 Conference recap

COMMUNICATIONS 24 28

CAPCA annual awards Growers look for more certainty in 2020

Paraquat label changes

Sara Wyant

Mario Gutierrez

AG COMMISSIONER PROFILE 34

Sutter County Ag Commissioner Lisa Herbert

UC IPM 40

Pacific flatheaded borer as a resurgent pest of walnuts in California Jhalendra Rijal and Steven J. Seybold

FARM ADVISORS 52

Genetics and possible origins of California weedy rice

Teresa B. De Leon, Elizabeth Karn, Kassim Al-Khatib, Luis Espino, Timothy Blank, Cynthia B. Andaya, Virgilio C. Andaya, and Whitney Brim-DeForest

Rattlesnakes in California orchards Sonia Rios and Roger A. Baldwin

DEPARTMENTS 05 From the Editor 38 Featured: Organics 50 Featured: Nutrients 66 Career Opportunities 70 CAPCA Ed & Chapter Events 71 Continuing Education DECEMBER 2019 | CAPCA ADVISER

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CAPCA EDITORIAL STAFF Ruthann Anderson - Editor Joyce Basan - Deputy Editor Dee Strowbridge - Conference & Sustaining Membership Crystelle Turlo - Individual Membership & Chapter Projects Sylvia Stark - Advertising Sales Manager Rachel Taft - Executive Assistant Adam Barsanti - Outreach Relations Manager Graphic Design - Rosemary N. Southward southwardr@comcast.net

From the Editor There is a Crop Team for That! In a recent tour of Sutter County hemp fields, more questions emerged than answers as PCAs, DPR and County Ag Commissioners met together to discuss the status of this emerging crop. The 2018 Farm Bill ushered in a legal Industrial Hemp production in the state this past spring. But as counties scrambled to set up local ordinances and the regulatory framework was months from being finalized, seeds went into the ground. With nearly half of the counties seeking a moratorium in 2019 from Industrial Hemp production, others like Santa Cruz, Riverside and Sutter Counties have become a case study to help navigate the nuances of this emerging crop. SB 153 created accountability from the Legislature to comply with Federal Regulations as State Regulations were finalized this fall. Although there will be some phase in provisions like the obligation to submit a state plan to USDA for review, most will go into effect on January 1, 2020. In anticipation of grower permits being spit between Industrial Hemp and Cannabis in 2020, along with the 10 new product labels currently pending EPA approved for use on Industrial Hemp, the CAPCA Board has created the Hemp Crop Team for members to receive more direct and up to date information from regulatory partners, researchers and general industry. We are working to establish a consistent baseline of information for any counties without a moratorium in 2020, although we still encourage PCAs who are working with growers in this emerging market to contact their local County Ag Commissioner to discuss any county or local permit conditions. To join this crop team, please opt in to the Hemp Crop Team on your 2020 Dues form or go to www.capca.com/cropteams/. If you are working with a grower who you feel could benefit from these updates, they can opt in for email alerts at www.capca.com/cropteams/ or visit the HEMP Crop Team page for current news.

Ruthann Anderson, Editor ruthann@capca.com

MISSION & PURPOSE California Association of Pest Control Advisers (CAPCA) is a non-profit voluntary mutual benefit association that represents 75% of the 4,000 California EPA licensed pest control advisers. CAPCA’s purpose is to serve as the leader in the evolution of the pest management industry through the communication of reliable information. CAPCA is dedicated to the professional development and enhancement of our members’ education and stewardship which includes legislative, regulatory, continuing education and public outreach activities. PUBLISHING INFORMATION CAPCA Adviser is published bi-monthly by the California Association of Pest Control Advisers (CAPCA), 2600 River Plaza Dr., Suite 250, Sacramento, California 95833. Web: www. capca.com, (916) 928‑1625. POSTMASTER: send address change to CAPCA. A portion of CAPCA membership dues is used to provide subscription privileges to the Adviser magazine. Non-member subscriptions are $30/year. Third class bulk postage paid at Tucson, AZ and at additional mailing offices. CAPCA has endeavored to include appropriate and accurate statements, but disclaims any and all warranties and/or responsibility for the statements or articles submitted to CAPCA Adviser that may have additionally been edited for style, content and space prior to publication. Views expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent CAPCA policies, or positions or endorsements. Editorial content of this publication is educational and informational in nature. No part of this publication, including images, may be reproduced without prior written permission from the publisher. Contact CAPCA at (916) 928‑1625 for reprint authorization. PRINTING: Sundance Press Tucson, Arizona

DECEMBER 2019 | CAPCA ADVISER

LEADERSHIP

Gaining Ground Rick Harrison, CAPCA Chair Since becoming Chairman of CAPCA in January, I have shared many concerns and views about our industry and the direction we are headed. Our 45th Anniversary will soon be coming to a close and I believe we have covered a lot of ground (no pun intended). I expressed a need for CAPCA to develop a voice and lasting presence with representatives and lawmakers at the local and state level. We have focused our efforts as a result of our Government Relations committee, and our lobbyist George Soares and set up future meetings with agricultural commissioners and agricultural companies throughout the state. Our first Sustaining Member Council meeting is slated for November where we will be discussing the future of the PCA and active ingredient defense. As I mentioned in February, we should be concerned about new legislation from the state and local level affecting our industry. I was present at the Ventura County Board of Supervisors meeting in October for a vote regarding the use of glyphosate on county properties. At the meeting, lawmakers and county government officials voted to ban the use of glyphosate within those areas. As you already know, California is the frontrunner in new regulations regarding our industry, which will no doubt be headed your way and potentially throughout our entire state. This may be the beginning of a trend in removing materials and tools that our industry has relied on to successfully mitigate severe pest pressures. As with all things, change is inevitable, and we must learn to adjust and find new ways to assist our clients in the best practices available. CAPCA State Board will always be at the forefront of identifying and addressing regulatory and legislative challenges on behalf of PCAs. Supported by George Soares and his firm, we will continue in our lobbying efforts advocating for PCAs throughout California. One of my favorite developments this year is the CAPCA State Board Finance Committee’s re-investment policy to develop an advocacy fund. Through this fund we will increase our efforts in the legislative arena, stay current on new regulations, get involved in the process, and exercise our collective voice.

CAPCA ADVISER | DECEMBER 2019

In April I mentioned our Chapter Champions and how CAPCA has refocused on the purpose and value of local chapters. I expressed the importance of our dedicated volunteers who play a vital roll in sustaining the success of local chapter engagement. By supporting our local chapters through our State Board Chapter Resource Budget, we have been able to help local chapters run CE meetings successfully. More specifically, my Ventura Chapter used CE meetings and golf tournament funds to distribute multiple scholarships to deserving students pursuing a PCA career. I also discussed “The Cannabis Conversation,” and the impact on our industry and adjacent growers. Since then, I have observed thousands of acres of hemp pop up where strawberries and peppers were historically grown. Only time will tell how this non-traditional zero tolerance crop will affect our industry and regulations in the long term. In the meantime, Carpinteria growers, PCAs and applicators are addressing developing regulations for neighboring growers. An additional concern is how problematic and strong the smell of hemp and cannabis permeating the air can be even from great distances. The Carpinteria group is discussing what options are available and developing new ways to mitigate it. Regarding my August and October articles, “Professionalism and Continuing Education,” and “The Consummate Professional,” I believe we have lived up to CAPCA’s purpose of serving our PCAs as leaders in the evolution of the pest management industry through communication of reliable, current information at our CE meetings. We are dedicated to developing proactive programs like the BeeWhere Program to enhance communication between applicators and beekeepers. Currently our Board of Directors is also exploring the addition of online CE to make our courses available to PCAs who otherwise would have a difficult time completing the required hours. I want to express my excitement on what we have accomplished this year, our 45th anniversary. I am confident we are opening new avenues of communication and moving in a direction that will benefit CAPCA in all levels of our industry for years to come. █

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© 2019 Bayer Group. Always read and follow label instructions. Bayer, the Bayer Cross, Luna, and Scala are registered trademarks of the Bayer Group. Not all products are registered for use in all states. For additional product information, call toll-free 1-866-99-BAYER (1-866-992-2937) or visit our website at www.CropScience.Bayer.us. Bayer CropScience LP, 800 North Lindbergh Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63167. CR0919MULTIPB004S00R0

DECEMBER 2019 | CAPCA ADVISER

GOVERNMENT

CAPCA legislative report George Soares, Kahn, Soares & Conway, LLC Every year the California State Legislature has about nine months—roughly January to September—to conduct its business. Thousands of legislative proposals, usually shaped in the prior Fall months, began their tortured journey through policy and appropriations committees, and Senate and Assembly Floor votes, with some ending up on the Governor’s desk for final action. The mixed results of this annual exercise are now in the books for all to see and to decide whether their lives have benefitted from the acts of 120 legislators and Governor Newsom. The following sample of legislation will either directly affect PCA’s or indirectly do so through their impact on the larger agricultural community. SB 1 was specifically and openly designed to prevent implementation of Trump Administration environmental standards in California by requiring adoption of federal standards which existed prior to his election even if more recent scientific findings did not support such action. Of particular note was that the movement of water throughout the state would have been victimized as would voluntary water agreement being nurtured by Governor Newsom. In the face of a 48-22 Assembly vote and 26-14 vote in the Senate, the Governor protected the State from political extremism and vetoed the bill. AB 916 would have prevented local and regional governments from using any pesticides containing the active ingredient glyphosate at an annual cost of millions of dollars. The bill passed the Assembly before being held in the Senate Agriculture Committee. Of note, glyphosate is regularly used on the State Capitol grounds and this would have continued even if the bill had become law. SB 86 would have banned the use of pesticides containing the active ingredient chlorpyrifos. Emotional rhetoric and little else moved by the bill through the Senate before being held in the Assembly Environmental Safety and Toxics Committee. About the same time the Newsom Administration stepped in and did what the Legislature did not do. The effect is that there will be very little

CAPCA ADVISER | DECEMBER 2019

use of chlorpyrifos in California after the first quarter of 2020. Unfortunately, the Governor declared this result a “win” as if such matters should be seen as a contest rather than an evaluation of sound science which was how several administrations ago handled such matters. SB 200 led to adoption of the Safe Drinking Water Act which passed the Assembly 68-0 and the Senate 38-1, and was signed by the Governor soon thereafter. The bottom line of the Act is to regulate drinking water to protect public health, and the State Budget provides $130 million to make it happen. Aquifers identified as high risk of containing contaminants that exceed safe drinking water standards will receive immediate attention. Beyond this, the bill demonstrates that the agricultural community and environmental groups are capable of effectively working toward a common goal. AB 450 makes important adjustments to the Apiary Protection Act originally adopted in 2018 due to the leadership of CAPCA and CACASA (agricultural commissioners). The Act provides for regulating apiaries including their registration with the agricultural commissioner in the county in which they are located. The bill in part enhanced communications by requiring 72 hours’ notice of apiary relocation in a county, and was unanimously approved by the Legislature before being signed into law by the Governor. This mixed report is reflective of the Legislature’s erratic mindset and should be a constant reminder that CAPCA has been drawn into an ideological conflict which could affect how PCA’s go about their business. For better or worse is the unknown to be answered in time by how effectively CAPCA, its members and the agricultural community engage in the process of shaping public policy. █

Calcium Where you need it when you need it In-season calcium applications aid in crop health, fruit development and quality. CaTs® can supply your crop with essential calcium and sulfur when and where you need it. CaTs efficient liquid formulation delivers 100% soluble calcium and sulfur that are immediately available for plant uptake. Our Crop Vitality specialists can provide assistance regarding application, blending and field trials. Crop Vitality Specialists can provide assistance regarding application, blending, field studies and technical data.

Learn more about CaTs WWW.CROPVITALITY.COM/US/RESOURCES OR CALL (800) 525-2803 - EMAIL INFO@CROPVITALITY.COM ©2019 Tessenderlo Kerley, Inc. All rights reserved. CaTs® is a registered trademark of Tessenderlo Kerley, Inc.

CAPCA UPDATES

BeeWhere: Tools & Compliance Ruthann Anderson, CAPCA CEO/President Over the past three years, CAPCA has been working alongside the County Ag Commissioners to create better communication in the field while pollinators and blooming plants are present. The resulting program BeeWhere has updated access through technology to comply with the current regulations. After the 2019 pilot program wrapped, stakeholders met over the summer to formulate plans on how to move forward with outreach and education to stakeholders going into the 2020 season. BeeWhere is a real time communication tool used in the State of California to foster better communication between Growers, Beekeepers and Pesticide Applicators during bloom. BeeWhere is based on the current California laws outlined below to steward our pollinators as they are in the field through compliance during any blooming crop or weed activity. PCAs have access to check the total number of registered hives within a mile of a permit while writing a pesticide recommendation. PCA can use general hive information on a voluntary basis in decision making for Active Ingredient on Recommendation or additional Applicator notes regarding best management practices for application during bloom while bees may be present. PCAs will not receive Beekeeper contact information, notification preferences or actual hive location as part of this voluntary check. In future phase of this project we hope to streamline this option into Crop Management Tools PCAs are already using, but for now, PCAs can do a check through CalAg Permits at https:// beewhere.calagpermits.org/ . Applicators have a new option with online bee checks in CalAg Permits https://beewhere.calagpermits.org/ Applicators/Growers intending to apply any pesticide labeled toxic to bees to a blossoming plant shall, prior to the application, inquire of the commissioner, or of a notification service designated by the commissioner (BeeWhere), whether any beekeeper with apiaries within one mile of the application site has requested notice of such application. By law, applicators must use BeeCheck information to notify beekeeper(s), at least 48 hours in advance of the application, of: • The time and place the application is to be made, • The crop and acreage to be treated, the method of application, the pesticide and dosage rate of the pesticide to be applied • Contact information in case beekeeper needs to communicate prior to application.

CAPCA ADVISER | DECEMBER 2019

§ 6654. Notification to Beekeepers. (a) Each person intending to apply any pesticide toxic to bees to a blossoming plant shall, prior to the application, inquire of the commissioner, or of a notification service designated by the commissioner, whether any beekeeper with apiaries within one mile of the application site has requested notice of such application. (b) If the person performing pest control is advised of a request for notification, he or she shall notify the beekeeper, at least 48 hours in advance of the application, of the time and place the application is to be made, the crop and acreage to be treated, the method of application, the identity and dosage rate of the pesticide to be applied and how the person performing pest control may be contacted by the beekeeper. This time may be increased or decreased by the commissioner, or by an agreement of both the beekeeper and the person performing the pest control work. (c) This section shall apply statewide. However, from March 15 through May 15 in a citrus/bee protection area, if there are conflicts between the provisions of this section and those of section 6656, section 6656 shall prevail. Note: Authority cited: Section 29102, Food and Agricultural Code. Reference: Section 29102, Food and Agricultural Code

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CAPCA UPDATES, CONT, BeeWhere: Tools & Compliance

Registering Beehives is the Law. Every California and out-of-state beekeeper who moves bees into the state or comes into possession of an apiary must register with the appropriate County Agricultural Commissioner. Annual registration is required on January 1, 2020 or when you enter the state or come into possession of an apiary. Additionally, Hives must be identified by a prominently displayed sign and/or stenciled with the ownerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s name, address, and phone number. FOOD AND AG CODE: BEES ARTICLE 4. Registration and Identification of Apiaries [29040 - 29056] (Article 4 added by Stats. 1987, Ch. 1404, Sec. 2.) 29040. Every person that is the owner or is in possession of an apiary which is located within the state, on the first day of January of each year, shall register the number of colonies in each apiary which is owned by the person and the location of each apiary. Every person required to register under this article, shall do so on the first day of January of each year in which they maintain, possess, or are in possession of an apiary, or within 30 days thereafter, as prescribed in this article. (Added by Stats. 1987, Ch. 1404, Sec. 2.) 29042. Every person who moves bees into the state or otherwise comes into possession of an apiary that is located within the state after the first day of January, shall register the name of the owner and the number and location of colonies moved into the state or so acquired within 30 days after coming into possession of the apiary. (Amended by Stats. 2018, Ch. 320, Sec. 1. (AB 2468) Effective January 1, 2019.) 29045. It is unlawful for a person to maintain any apiary that is not registered pursuant to this article. Each registration is valid until January 1 of the following year. (Amended by Stats. 2018, Ch. 320, Sec. 2. (AB 2468) Effective January 1, 2019.) This pertains to commercial beekeepers, their brokers and hobbyist beekeepers regardless of hive count unless your county has a specialized ordinance. For special ordinance information visit: https:// beewherecalifornia.com/local-ordinances-by-county/

CAPCA ADVISER | DECEMBER 2019

DON’T FALL FOR THEIR BULL. Buck the rest. Get Acadian®. Talk is cheap. Other products claim to be as eﬀective as Acadian® but lack the research or in-ﬁeld trials to prove it. Ask for the ingredients. Ask for the research. Better yet – Ask for Acadian®… 100% Ascophyllum nodosum.

Acadian Plant Health™ is a division of Acadian Seaplants Limited, Acadian® is a registered trademark of Acadian Seaplants Limited.

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Save-the-Date March 3-4, 2020* 2020 CDFA

Nitrogen Management Certification (Final in-person certification training opportunity)

Wedgewood Wedding & Banquet Center 4584 W. Jacquelyn Ave Fresno CA 93722 CCA CE Credit ONLY (Not approved for DPR hours) Registration and Agenda are available online at: https://capca.com/events/ Pre-registration and payment required. NO ON-SITE REGISTRATION. NO REFUNDS. $180/person *MUST ATTEND BOTH DAYS FOR CERTIFICATION

Times: Tuesday: 9:00am-5pm Wednesday: 8:00am-12pm

DECEMBER 2019 | CAPCA ADVISER

CAPCA UPDATES, CONT, BeeWhere: Tools & Compliance

While registration is required, beekeepers have the ability to customize their preferences for notifications – whether or not to receive notification, a preferred time for notification and a method for notification. Notifications from Applicators are not a notification of all pesticides being applied within 1 mile of hive locations. The current law outlines the 48 Hour Application Notification for only chemistries labeled as “toxic to bees.” The unique Beekeeper ID Number will keep you registered in the system as you make any notifications of hive movement within the county or to another county. Beekeepers can register annually within the Fieldwatch or Cal Ag Permits system and update their locations during the season to stay compliant. Beekeepers must maintain active locations, providing an update to the County Ag Commissioner through BeeWhere or a phone call to the local office within 72 hours of a hive relocation. This includes relocations both in county and between counties. Effective Law 1/1/20 (under AB 450 Bees: Apiary Protection Act) 29070.5. Any apiary operator or the apiary operator’s designated representative relocating a colony of bees within a county where the apiary is currently registered shall notify the commissioner of the movement within 72 hours of the relocation. Starting in fall 2019, Beekeepers have a new App through Fieldwatch – BeeCheck to register and double click to drop their hives into a new location. █ For additional information visit https://beewherecalifornia.com/.

CAPCA ADVISER | DECEMBER 2019

ADVERTORIAL

POLISH ®

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Zinc is a critical activator of many enzyme systems. If your trees are zinc-deficient, you could see poor fruit set, reduced yields, shortened internodes, reduced leaf size and interveinal chlorosis. Responses to zinc applications may include better fruit set and retention, higher yields, normal stem length and full leaf expansion. In addition to the potential benefits of Calcium and Zinc applications, FOLI-GRO POLISH is complexed and enhanced with amino acids, which aid in nutrient uptake, translocation and utilization. As the building blocks of proteins, these amino acids and protein hydrolysates work together with plant nutrients to enhance nut yield.

FOLI-GRO POLISH (2 qt)

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2019 CAPCA 45th Annual

Conference & Agri-Expo Recap CAPCA wishes to thank the over 1,500 PCAs and guests who attended the 45th Annual CAPCA Conference & Agri-Expo held at the Grand Sierra Resort in Reno, NV. CAPCA is proud to represent Pest Control Advisers and we extend our gratitude to all who participated in celebrating and making our 45th conference a success. Our “Hunting for Solutions” theme focused on the professionalism and ongoing efforts of our membership to provide protection and stewardship of the largest, most varied agricultural industry. CAPCA looks forward to seeing everyone next year at the 46th Annual Conference & Agri-Expo at the Disneyland Resort, Anaheim, CA October 11-13, 2020. Mark your calendar today!

AT THE CENTER OF PLANT HEALTH

HUNTING

FOR

CAPCA ADVISER | DECEMBER 2019

SOLUTIONS

A Very Special Thank You to

Corteva Agriscience for the donation of t-shirt sales of $2,472.00 to the Stanley W. Strew Educational Fund for scholarships!

CAPCA ADVISER | DECEMBER 2019

DECEMBER 2019 | CAPCA ADVISER

CAPCA ADVISER | DECEMBER 2019

2019-2020 CAPCA Executive Board (L-R) Rick Wescott, Ex-Officio; Paul Crout, Vice Chairman; Rick Harrison, Chairman; Patrick Dosier, Treasurer; Matthew Bristow, Secretary

DECEMBER 2019 | CAPCA ADVISER

November 3-5, 2019 - Grand Sierra Resort, NV

SPONSORS

NUTRIENT

TECHNOLOGIES

CAPCA ADVISER | DECEMBER 2019

Option 1 CM

THANK YOU FOR YOUR SUPPORT

CAPCA’s 45 Annual Conference & Agri-Expo th

EXHIBITORS A4 Promotions Acadian Plant Health Actagro ADAMA AeroVironment Affinity Management LTD Afrikelp USA Ag Alert Ag Spray Equipment AgNet West Radio Network AGQ Labs Agrauxine Agri-Pulse Agrian Agrinos Inc AgroLiquid Agroplantae, Inc Agroplasma, Inc AgroSource, Inc AgroThrive, Inc Albaugh LLC Albion Plant Nutrition ALC Consolidated Almond Board of CA Alpha Scents, Inc ALZ Chem LLC Amvac Chemical Corporation Andermatt USA Arborjet Atticus, LLC Baicor L.C. BASF Bayer Belchim Crop Protection Biobest USA BioFlora BioSafe Systems Blue Mountain Minerals Brandt CA Dept of Food & Ag CALAMCO California Organic Fertilizers California Safe Soil Caltec Ag Inc CDFP PD | GWSS

CDMS, Inc Central Life Sciences Ceres Imaging, Inc Certis USA Chemurgic Agricultural Chemicals

Circadian Crop Sciences Concentric Ag Converted Organics LLC Cool Planet Corteva Agriscience CSI Chemical |Nutri-Cal Cultiva D & V Unlimited Davis Instruments Dellavalle Laboratory, Inc Diamond K Dino-Lite Scopes Diversified Waterscapes, Inc Drexel Chemical Co DTN Duarte Nursery EarthSol, LLC ECO2MIX Ecological Laboratories, Inc Ecostadt Technologies FBSciences, Inc Fertum USA, Inc Fieldin, Inc FMC Agricultural Solutions Gar Tootelian, Inc Gowan USA LLC Green Leaf Ag Grow West Grower’s Secret Haifa North America Inc HarvestPort HCT, LLC Helena Agri-Enterprises LLC HELM Agro US Holloway Ag Services Hortau Huma Gro ICL Specialty Fertilizers Insero |AgOtter Intergro, Inc

Interstate Ag Plastics Irrometer Co. Jet Harvest Solutions JH Biotech, Inc Kemin – Crop Technologies KeyPlex Kiwi Technologies Koppert Biological Systems LIDA Plant Research LLC Liphatech Inc Magna-Bon II Malcolm Media Mar Vista Resources Marrone Bio Innovations Mazzei Injector Company LLC Meister Media Worldwide Meras Water Solutions Miller Chemical & Fertilizer Momentive Motomco Naiad Company Inc Nature Safe Organic Fert. Netafim Neudorff North America Nichino America, Inc NovaSource Novihum Technologies, Inc Nufarm Nutrien Ag Solutions Nutrient Technologies Ocean Organics Corp OHP, Inc OmniLytics | AgriPhage Organic Ag Products Organic Farm Fertilizers Oro Agri Pacific Biocontrol Corp Phytech, Inc Plant Food Systems, Inc Polymer Ag, LLC Ponder Environmental Svs Precision Laboratories Progressive Crop Consultant Purebase Quali Tech, Inc

Hunting For Solutions

Redox Chemical Rotam North America Semios USA, Inc Sentinel SePRO Corporation Sierra Gold Nurseries Simplot Grower Solutions Skyx Solutions Spectrum Technologies SQM North America SummitAgro – USA Superior Soil Supplements Suterra Sym-Agro Symborg Syngenta Taminco US LLC Terramera The Hat Source Tiger-Sul Products, LLC TKI Crop Vitality Trace Genomics TracMap Trece, Inc. TriCal Diagnostics True Organic Products, Inc U.S. Water UC ANR UPL NA, Inc Valagro USA Valent USA LLC Verdegaal Brothers, Inc Verdesian Life Science Veritas Substrates Vestaron Corporation Westbridge Agricultural Products

Western Farm Press Western Milling Western Region CCA Wilbur-Ellis Agribusiness Wildeye | Outpost Central WiseConn Engineering Wonderful Nurseries Yamaha Motor Corp USA Yara North America, Inc

COMMUNICATIONS

2019 CAPCA Member of the Year:

John McClenahan By CAPCA Staff CAPCA Member of the Year is an annual award bestowed upon a member and licensed PCA who excels in their contribution to the profession through CAPCA activities and leadership above and beyond the norm. The 2019 recipient of the CAPCA Member of the Year Award is John McClenahan. John McClenahan is a fourth-generation arborist for Bay Area family-business S.P. McClenahan. John was encouraged to pursue his Pest Control Adviserâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s license by the Crop Science Department faculty at Cal Poly, where he earned a B.S. in Ornamental Horticulture in 1993. After graduation he went to work for the family business in commercial and residential arboriculture and obtained his PCA license in 1995. John is also a Board-Certified Master Arborist, Certified Tree Care Safety Professional and QAL. He has also served as a board member of Canopy, a tree advocacy group, and a member of their Advisory Committee working to educate, inspire and engage the community as stewards of young and mature trees. In a 2009 interview for the Adviser, John noted one of the main

CAPCA ADVISER | DECEMBER 2019

values he sees in having his PCA license was to provide him credibility as a ‘plant doctor’ and IPM expert to clients who often have misguided perceptions about pest control. “The world needs plant doctors treating the landscapes and trees in order to have healthy crops.” John began his involvement with CAPCA almost 20 years ago serving on the Public Relations Committee, and later in the widely popular Plant Doctor program and on the Board of the San Francisco Bay Chapter. From there his involvement with CAPCA included representing CAPCA at Legislative Day visits and serving on the CAPCA State Board as Secretary (twice), Vice Chair, and Chair. John continues to remain active in his local Chapter, supporting CE Events, the Pathway to PCA program, and participating in state-wide advocacy efforts. In additional to his own San Francisco Bay Chapter, the Sutter Buttes and NorCal Chapters nominating John acknowledged his steady leadership, determination to make things right and business skills as attributes that have led CAPCA into its current season of stability and forward momentum. John is married to Cindy and they live in Menlo Park. John is committed to raising the professionalism of the PCA and is most deserving of recognition as the 2019 CAPCA Member of the Year. █

DECEMBER 2019 | CAPCA ADVISER

COMMUNICATIONS

Outstanding Contribution to Agriculture Award:

Valerie Mellano By CAPCA Staff CAPCAâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Outstanding Contribution to Agriculture Award is given to those individuals, companies or organizations that have made a meaningful difference in support of California agriculture. The 2019 recipient of the Outstanding Contribution to Agriculture Award is Valerie Mellano. Valerie currently serves as Professor and Chair of the Cal Poly Pomona Plant Science Department, but prior to this position she worked at the San Diego UC Cooperative Extension for 22 years as an Environmental Issues Farm Adviser, serving as the Assistant County Director and eventually Director

CAPCA ADVISER | DECEMBER 2019

and Department Head. Her early career began after receiving a B.S. in Animal Science and M.S. in Plant Pathology from Montana State University, and included a post-doctoral appointment and graduate research for the UC Riverside Department of Plant Pathology, along with two private business ventures: Paradox Farms, a cut bouquet greens operation, and Mellano and Co. the family-owned cut flower farm and wholesale operation in Oceanside, both of which she is still involved in. Since becoming the Chair for the Plant Science Department at Cal Poly Pomona, Valerie works to bring new people into agriculture and to help find solutions to major agricultural pest issues. During her time there she has established a coffee research and outreach program with multiple collaborators, in multiple locations in southern California, and re-established a bee science program with classwork and research in addition to public engagement. The re-invigorated M.S. in Plant Science program has gone from having one or two students, to approximately thirty now. The San Diego and SoCal Chapters nominating her wrote, “Valerie has strengthened the Plant Science Program at Cal Poly, increasing

both student enrollment and interaction with the agricultural industry as well as encouraging students to obtain PCA licenses and CCA certificates…” They commend her leadership in revitalizing the Plant Science and Agribusiness Management Career Fair, starting an Urban Agriculture program and an Advisory Council for the Cal Poly Turf and Landscape Management degree program, and the research program focused on ACP in cooperation with the California Citrus Research Board, among many other accomplishments. The Chapters also acknowledged her work with the UC Cooperative Extension: “Valerie has a long history of working with the various sides of agriculture, from traditional, turf and ornamental production, landscape management, and the ag/urban interface – she developed a ‘Water School’ concept to meet the regulatory needs of growers in San Diego County, and assessment of BMPs in the Rainbow Creek watershed and developed a nutrient reduction management plan.” It is with much honor and respect that CAPCA recognizes Valerie Mellano as our 2019 Outstanding Contribution to Agriculture Award recipient. █

DECEMBER 2019 | CAPCA ADVISER

COMMUNICATIONS

Growers look for more certainty in 2020 Sara Wyant, Editor/Publisher, Agri-Pulse Communications, Inc. Looking back at 2019, one can only hope that the next year will be better for California growers. Maybe not at the state level – with continuing challenges over water, labor and availability of crop protection products – but things are looking up at the federal level especially when it comes to international trade. Exports are crucial for agricultural producers to maintain profitability, but in the last year, the U.S. has been falling behind. In 2018, the U.S. had an ag trade surplus of $10.9 billion. That followed surpluses of $20.2 billion in 2016 and $17.2 billion in 2017. But recently, it looks like the tide may have started to turn. The United States and China agreed to a tentative trade deal that addresses biotechnology restrictions and other key agricultural issues while substantially boosting U.S. farm exports, according to President Donald Trump. There are still parts of the deal that need to be finalized, and that will take several weeks to complete. Trump called the agreement “Phase 1” of two or three steps that it will take to end the trade war. If negotiators are successful in finishing this deal – and that’s still a big “if,” China has agreed to import $40 billion to $50 billion worth of U.S. ag commodities on an annual basis, according to Trump. China imported only $9 billion worth of U.S. ag products in 2018, but purchases were much higher in recent years before the trade war began. China imported about $26 billion worth of U.S. ag in 2012, according to USDA data. Beyond the promises of purchases, China has agreed to make structural changes to its biotech and sanitary and phytosanitary policies that will make it “much easier now for American farmers to be able to ship to China,” U.S. Trade Representative Robert Lighthizer said. He did not elaborate. China’s biotech approval process is one of the slowest and most opaque in the world. China is the only major grain and oilseed importer that operates an “asynchronous” approval process for biotech traits. China refuses to begin an approval of a new trait until after a cultivating country like the U.S., Brazil, Argentina or India first finishes the process. Under the tentative “Phase 1” that was scheduled to be signed in November, the U.S. has agreed to hold off on a plan to increase tariffs on $250 billion of Chinese goods by 5% that would have

CAPCA ADVISER | DECEMBER 2019

gone into effect on Oct. 15, but neither country has pledged to tear down any of their import taxes that are still in place. Trump said he did not believe the deal would fall apart, but Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin stressed that “there is more work to do and we will not sign an agreement unless we … can tell the president that this is on paper.” In other words, stay tuned. Meanwhile, the fate of the U.S.-Mexico-Canada agreement hinges on House Democrats reaching agreement with U.S. Trade Representative Robert Lighthizer on measures to enforce labor and environmental standards and to address pharmaceutical pricing. A group of Democrats met with Mexican President Andres Manuel López Obrador this fall to discuss his country’s commitments to enforce labor protections. One of those Democrats, House Ways and Means Committee member Jimmy Panetta of California described the meeting as positive and said he hopes "to see Mexico implement the substantial labor and enforcement reforms necessary to comply with its obligations under the agreement." Most of our sources are optimistic that Congress will approve USMCA before the end of this year. In part, that’s because of the House Democrats’ plans to impeach President Trump. Several Democrats who were elected in congressional districts that Trump won in 2016 are eager to prove that they can actually pass legislation in 2019 that can help their rural voters, although most of the focus from their caucus has been on finding a pathway to impeach the president. A vote to approve the USMCA would demonstrate that Democrats truly want to get something done in addition to impeachment. Overshadowing everything that happens this year and next is the 2020 presidential election. President Trump is not facing any serious Republican challenger at this point and the Democratic field is narrowing. At this point, former Vice President Joe Biden, Sen. Bernie Sanders and Sen. Elizabeth Warren are leading the pack. But almost anything can happen in a year divisible by four. █

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COMMUNICATIONS

Paraquat Label Changes Mario Gutierrez, Deputy Ag Commissioner, Kings County There has been a lot of time devoted recently to answering questions on the label changes for products containing the active ingredient Paraquat Dichloride. Growers, PCAs and pesticide applicators want to know how they are going to be affected. First I must say that the EPA expects that the implementation of the interim mitigation measures will allow paraquat products to remain available to users while reducing the number and severity of human health incidents. Human health incidents involving the ingestion of paraquat, both accidental and intentional, have resulted in 17 deaths in the U.S. since 2000. Toxicity information indicates that one sip can be lethal and there is no known antidote. The accidental ingestion incidents often result from paraquat being stored in beverage containers. Paraquat is also corrosive to the skin and is associated with a number of severe incidents involving leakage or accidental sprays in occupational settings. There are four key components to the mitigation measures: 1. Label changes emphasizing paraquat toxicity and supplemental warning materials. • The EPA is requiring updated label language highlighting ingestion risk and clarifying toxicity in English and Spanish language formats. Additionally, EPA is requiring supplemental warning materials consisting of (1) a warning sticker affixed to the cap of all paraquat containers with the text “DANGER-ONE SIP CAN KILL” accompanied by the image of a skull and crossbones symbol (2) a “product package safety requirements sticker” reiterating important warning statements to be affixed to the opposite side of the label on each paraquat container; and (3) a product warning handout called a “counter card” reiterating the same important warning information to be distributed with every paraquat container. All of the supplemental warning materials must feature these messages in English, Spanish, and pictogram format. The supplemental warning material and use of pictograms will help reinforce the potential hazards of paraquat. The pictograms, which will convey the meaning through pictorial resemblance to a physical object, will assist those who may not understand the label otherwise. 2. Target training materials for paraquat users. • EPA is requiring all applicators who handle paraquat to take an EPA-approved paraquat training program. EPA-approved paraquat training programs must provide information on: (1) paraquat toxicity; (2) a summary of the new label requirements and restrictions; (3) consequences and examples of misuse of paraquat; (4) how to apply paraquat with various application methods, including ensuring all connections are tightly fit (especially backpack/handheld equipment); (5) what to do in case of accidental exposure,

CAPCA ADVISER | DECEMBER 2019

and (6) appropriate handling, storage, disposal, and personal protective equipment requirements and instructions. • The paraquat training program must be developed by all paraquat registrants, and be available via an internet link included on all paraquat end-use labels. In cases where statebased certified applicator training programs adequately address the aforementioned required aspects of an EPAapproved paraquat training program, they may be determined to be equivalent training materials. All persons handling paraquat are expected to take the training every 3 years and retain documentation of successful completion. Again, this is not a bad idea and hopefully the additional training and knowledge certified applicators receive will help keep paraquat out of the hands of uncertified persons. Employers and employees will need to take an online EPA approved training. The training will ensure applicators are aware of the hazards associated with paraquat use. 3. Closed-system packaging for all non-bulk (less than 120 gallon) end use products. • EPA is requiring that all paraquat non-bulk (less than 120 gallon) end use product containers comply with EPAapproved closed system standards. The closed system packaging for paraquat products must be engineered so that paraquat can only be removed from the container using closed system technology meeting the following EPAapproved standards: • the closed system must connect to the container in a way that the closed system is the only feasible way to remove paraquat from the container without destroying the container; therefore, a screw cap for the pourable closure on a typical pesticide container is not sufficient; and • the closed system must remove the paraquat from its original container and transfer the paraquat to the application equipment through connecting hoses, pipes and couplings that are sufficiently tight to prevent exposure of the mixer or loader to the paraquat (except for the negligible escape associated with normal operation of the system). • All paraquat closed system packaging must be approved by EPA. • EPA is aware that tank mixing is an important practice for paraquat users, and that jar testing for compatibility may be a critical practice. Once the closed system requirement takes effect, registrants must provide a link on paraquat product labels to an on-line resource of compatible tank mix partners.

This requirement will help in mitigating accidental exposures. Without being able to remove the material from a container without a closed system, people will not be able to easily transfer paraquat into other containers (i.e.; soda or water bottles). Manufacturers or distributors may be providing closed system tank adaptors to users in the future to assist the end users. It is important to note that these are label changes and that label requirements must be followed by all users, even owner operators. 4. Restricting the use of all paraquat products to certified applicators only (i.e., prohibiting use by uncertified persons working under the supervision of a certified applicator). • Paraquat products are only to be used by certified applicators who have met the applicator competency standards established by states, tribal, and federal agencies to use or handle paraquat. They are not to be used by uncertified individuals working under the supervision of a certified applicator. This requirement will impact a grower who has employees handling paraquat, but the hardest hit will likely be pest control businesses and possibly their customers. All handlers will be required to be certified applicators. You will no longer be able to work under the supervision of a certified applicator. To meet this requirement if you are a grower or an employee of a grower who will be handling paraquat products you can be a holder of a Private Applicator Certificate (PAC). Those who intend to handle paraquat, if they are employed by a grower, can go to their local county agricultural commissioner and take the private applicator certification exam. Employees of a pest control business will be required to obtain a Qualified Applicators License (QAL) or Qualified Applicators Certificate (QAC) with the plant agriculture category in order to be allowed to handle paraquat. This exam is offered by the Department of Pesticide Regulation a few times a year in different locations. Additionally those that hold a Journeyman Pest Control Pilot Certificate will be considered certified. Hand-held/backpack equipment EPA is permitting the continued use of handheld and backpack application equipment, so long as it complies with EPAapproved closed system technology. Additionally, paraquat products intended for handheld and backpack equipment should contain an indicator dye to aid in early detection of paraquat leaks and spills. The EPA is aware that there are no paraquat products currently available that meet these criteria. Therefore, they are allowing a two-year period for registrants to develop products that would meet these criteria. If you have any questions on the use of Paraquat materials, please contact your local Agricultural Commissioner’s office. Contact information for Agricultural Commissioners can be found at https://www.cdfa.ca.gov/exec/county/countymap/ █

The California Weed Science Society 72nd Annual Conference “Back to the Future: Implementing New Technologies to Address Persistent and Emerging Challenges in Weed Management.”

January 22-24, 2020 Portola Hotel & Spa 2 Portola Plaza Monterey, CA 93940 Phone: 888.222.5851 www.cwss.org Featured Sessions Include:

• Weed School session presenting Using New Technology in Agriculture. • A session dedicated to Weed Control Under Arid Conditions. • The latest in weed biology and management in CA agricultural crops & orchards, turf & ornamentals, roadside & industrial sites, forestry, range & natural areas, and aquatic sites

• Laws and Regulations Sessions DPR CEU’s have been requested To register online and view hotel reservation details, visit www.cwss.org or call (831) 442-0883 for a program agenda and registration form.

DECEMBER 2019 | CAPCA ADVISER

ADVERTORIAL

UPL: Leading a New Era in Crop Protection

Water shortages. Labor challenges. Changing market conditions. Pest pressures. Specialty crop growers face a myriad of challenges. They need every advantage they can get to thrive and proﬁt in today’s changing environments. Our plant stress and stimulation portfolio supports crop stimulation, nutrition and protection, which leads to improved crop resilience to stress factors for improved yield and crop quality. UPL’s unique technologies improve plant metabolism at key growth stages of the crop life cycle to deliver beneﬁts such as more vigorous establishment and vegetative development, and optimized reproductive growth.

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10/16/19 10:02 AM

ADVERTORIAL

UPL: Your Partner for California Crop Protection

It comes to no surprise that California agriculture is a key part of the state’s economy as well as the world’s food production. Last year, California’s farms and ranches received almost $50 billion in cash receipts for their output, according to California Department of Food & Agriculture (CDFA). With heavy reliance on California agriculture comes a need for reliable crop protection. UPL has a strong portfolio of products that California growers can depend on. Here are some of our leading brands. FUNGICIDES Disease control often seems like a never-ending task for California growers. Not having eﬀective solutions can turn a situation from bad to even worse. A multi-site protectant fungicide, MANZATE® provides advanced formulation technology in the ﬁght against common crop diseases. The fungicide prevents pathogenic organisms from adapting and mutating, meaning that even after decades of use, fungal strains have not developed resistance to MANZATE.

HERBICIDES In California, growers should be aware of bothersome weeds such as glyphosate-resistant horseweed (marestail), ﬂeabane and ryegrass. A nonselective, post-emergent herbicide, LIFELINE® provides broad-spectrum weed control of some of the most challenging weeds. Using a unique mode of action, LIFELINE inhibits glutamine production in the weeds which leads to a breakdown in photosynthesis.

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BIFENTURE, COMITE, DIMILIN, LAMBDY-CY, MICROMITE, OMITE, PERM-UP, VENDEX and WEEVIL-CIDE are restricted-use pesticides. Always read and follow label directions. ASSAIL and TOPSIN are trademarks of Nippon Soda Company, Ltd. KANEMITE is a trademark of Agro-Kanesho Company, S.A. KASUMIN is a trademark of Hokko Chemical Industry Col, Ltd. RIMON is a trademark of an ADAMA Group Company. All other products and the UPL logo are trademarks of UPL Corporation Limited or its related companies. ©2019 UPL NA Inc. SPC-1909C

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10/16/19 10:01 AM DECEMBER 2019 | CAPCA ADVISER 33

AG COMMISSIONER PROFILE

Lisa Herbert: Addressing changes and overcoming challenges

in Sutter County through communication and collaboration CAPCA Staff Lisa Herbert has served as the Sutter County Agricultural Commissioner and Sealer of Weights & Measures since 2016. She attended California State University, Sacramento and worked for a local veterinarian before obtaining a Bachelor of Arts degree in Environmental Studies in 1995. She began her career in the industry twenty-one years ago with the Sutter County Agricultural Commissionerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Office as an Agricultural Standards Biologist in Weights and Measures. Four years later she was promoted to Supervising Agricultural Standards Biologist, overseeing staff in Pest Detection, Pest Management, Pest Exclusion, Fruits & Vegetable Standardization, Crop Statistics, Weed Management, Nursery, Seed and Weights & Measures. She continued to manage those programs as Assistant Director of Weights and Measures before her appointment to Commissioner.

CAPCA ADVISER | DECEMBER 2019

Sutter County is primarily agriculture, the main crops being: rice, walnuts, prunes, nursery products, cling peaches, almonds and processing tomatoes. With an average of 100,000 acres of rice planted annually it’s the top crop, so new rice pests like armyworms and weedy rice are of particular concern. The UC Cooperative Extension Advisors have been working with industry and agricultural commissioners on identifying weedy rice in the field. Nematodes, a known pest in nursery stock, and potential loss of pre-plant fumigants are also of grave concern. One disease of note is Cucumber Green Mottle Mosaic Virus; this has been a concern in production Cucurbit seed growing areas because transmission of the virus is poorly understood, and sanitation is a key factor in Best Management Practices.

Describing her role as the Ag Commissioner in Sutter County, Lisa summarized it as serving the public’s interest by promoting and protecting agriculture, assuring environmental protection and protecting the health, safety and welfare of the citizens. “My job is to keep abreast of all agricultural issues and keep my Board of Supervisors well informed.” She and her office work closely with the Yuba-Sutter Farm Bureau and other stakeholders to ensure that they are informed of new or emerging laws and regulations, invasive species, water issues or new permit conditions. Sharing one highlight from her county she notes, “We have a very successful pesticide container recycling program where over one million pounds of pesticide containers have been recycled over the past 11 years.”

Lisa is also very concerned that growers and PCAs will lose the tools they need to effectively control pests and diseases, “As a member of the Chlorpyrifos Alternatives Working Group, I’m concerned about the cancellation of Chlorpyrifos and finding viable alternatives for walnuts, almonds and alfalfa.” Overregulation or regulations not based on science are cumbersome. Another challenge is the agriculture/urban edge conflict, her office’s number one source of complaints. Speaking to this as one of many issues she says, “It’s challenging to balance the multitude of programs, agricultural issues, stakeholders and industry. We are a regulatory agency, yet we promote and protect agriculture, it can be a delicate balance. Ultimately, I work for the County of Sutter and my Board of Supervisors.”

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DECEMBER 2019 | CAPCA ADVISER

AG COMMISSIONER PROFILE: Lisa Herbert

But she notes there are successes through collaboration: “Sutter County has a wide diversity of crops. PCAs and applicators need to know if an application might affect an adjacent sensitive crop. Thanks to the efforts with California Agricultural Commissioners and Sealers Association (CACASA) and CAPCA, we are utilizing the BeeWhere app to register new apiaries and provide location information to Applicators and PCAs prior to applications.” Following the CAPCA Sutter Buttes Chapter relaunch, Lisa has begun attending local chapter meetings to build relationships with local PCAs. “Coming from the other side of the department working in all programs besides Pesticide Use Enforcement, I had little interaction until I was appointed…I think a partnership with PCAs is positive and necessary.” Asked how we can better work together for communication and collaboration, Lisa encourages PCAs to get involved with their local chapter, and engage with the Agricultural Commissioner’s office and staff, and attend the continuing education hosted by the Agricultural Commissioner. “Changes at the state will be challenging for all of us moving forward. Partnering to solve problems is our best chance to keep agriculture successful.” One issue relevant to CAPCA members Lisa discussed is that Sutter County is allowing the cultivation of Industrial Hemp. Industrial Hemp is Cannabis sativa L., having no more than threetenths (0.3%) of 1 percent tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). Any exceedance of 0.3% requires the crop to be destroyed. “This is uncharted territory for Agricultural Commissioners. Our office has spent an incredible amount of time and resources with this brand-new agricultural commodity. We have 820 acres registered and another 180 acres in research, which is exempt from regulatory

CAPCA ADVISER | DECEMBER 2019

registration and sampling. Industrial Hemp has few registered pesticides and those are labeled for fiber or grain hemp. Hemp grown in Sutter County is for smokable flower, CBD and what’s leftover will be biomass. Our partnership with CAPCA through this process has been solid. I hosted a tour for CAPCA President/ CEO, Ruthann Anderson and other PCAs and the Department of Pesticide Regulation Enforcement staff so we could discuss pest pressure, lack of registered pesticides and other concerns, such as drift. As new Federal and State regulations come out, we anticipate some changes for next year’s program.” As part of her office’s strong commitment to communication, the Sutter County Agricultural Commissioner’s office holds four continuing education meetings annually, employee safety trainings and will participate at industry meetings when asked. They also participate in the Yuba-Sutter Spray Safe put on by the Yuba-Sutter Farm Bureau, and plan to add Paraquat certification trainings and Industrial Hemp regulatory update meetings next year. She says, “Outreach and education are important to our industry and stakeholders.” In conclusion, Lisa said: “I’m proud to be the first woman Agricultural Commissioner in Sutter County.” In addition to the comprehensive Annual Crop Report, she and her office published the first Economic Contributions to Sutter County Agriculture Report – otherwise known as the Crop Report Plus – which showed that in 2017 Sutter County agriculture contributed $1.48 billion to the local economy and about one in seven jobs is in agriculture. “Our county is built on agriculture and diversification is key protection from economic shocks.” █

Advertorial 2019

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Special to the Adviser

Biologicals: a logical solution for today’s complex agricultural challenges Mike Allan, Vice President, North America Organics and biopesticides…A Rising Tide Consumers are more educated than they’ve ever been when it comes to caring about how their food is grown and the inputs that are being applied on them. As a result, the demand for end-use organic products continues to rise at a staggering rate. Consider these findings from the 2019 Organic Industry Survey released by the Organic Trade Association: • Organic food sales reached $47.9 billion in 2018, an increase of 5.9 percent. • Much of this growth can be found in the sales of organic fruits and vegetables, which rose to $17.4 billion in 2018, a growth of 5.6 percent over the previous year. To compare, the overall fruits and vegetables category, including both organic and conventional produce, grew by only 1.7 percent. • Organic fruits and vegetables make up 14.6 percent of all produce sold in the U.S., a near doubling of their market share in the past decade. While these growth numbers seem to support the trend that consumers are seeking greater transparency in their food supply chain, it contributes only part of the story as it relates to the increase in demand for biopesticides. Regulatory challenges, resistance management and the increase in adoption for IPM programs also factor into the increase in demand. This has led to more and more biopesticides being applied not only on organic acreage, but increasingly more on conventional acres. In fact, in many cases, biopesticides have shown performance comparable to that of conventional chemistries for key pests and disease. This is largely due to the experience that we’ve gained through applied research, and on-farm demonstrations. It is through those experiences that we've refined application methods and use recommendations, as well as gained a better understanding of how to best use biopesticides exclusively or within an IPM program. Biopesticides…Meeting the Tide According to Markets & Markets forecast, the overall biopesticides market is projected to grow from $3 billion in 2018 to $6.4 billion by 2023, a projection that has the market more than doubling in only five years. To meet this projected demand, you will continue to see an increasing number of registrants and manufacturers incorporating biopesticides into their product offerings. As these 38

CAPCA ADVISER | DECEMBER 2019

What Are Biopesticides? Microbial Pesticides: As defined by the EPA; Bacteria, fungi, virus, protozoans, etc. Biochemical Pesticides: As defined by the EPA: Fermentation products, plant extracts, plan growth regulators, etc. with a non-toxic mode of action. Biopesticides Available for Use: • Insecticides • Plant Growth Regulators • Insect Growth Regulators • Fungicides • Herbicides • Nematicides

Top 10 States in Organic Sales, 2016 California: $2.89 Billion

Pennsylvania: $660 Million Washington: $636 Million Oregon: $351 Million Texas: $297 Million Wisconsin: $255 Million New York: $216 Million Michigan: $201 Million Colorado: $181 Million North Carolina: $145 Million

products become increasingly available, PCAs and growers can expect biopesticides to offer more of the following benefits: • Broader spectrum of pest and disease control alternatives • Safety for non-target organisms • Complex modes of action, which reduce the threat of resistance when used in IPM programs • Effective control of pests, to help in increasing crop yields • Improved export and marketing opportunities for residentexempt biopesticides • Low REIs and PHIs, which result in worker safety and flexibility • Approved for most uses in sensitive areas where the use of conventional chemistries are restricted and/or prohibited. While the benefits above are widespread, there are countless specific examples of cases where biopesticides have uniquely offered solutions for some of the most challenging issues: • Bassiana Beauveria has proven to offer control to Spotted Lantern Fly (SLF) • Apple growers routinely incorporate virus products into their program for control of codling moth and the increasing concern for ornamental fruit moth. • Apple growers often incorporate Bacillus amyloliquefaciens / B. subtilis, into their Fire Blight control programs • Biological plant activators, Induced Resistance/Systemic Acquired Resistance products are routinely used to trigger a plant's natural ability to combat several yield limiting diseases in crops such as grapes. Biopesiticides must meet strict criteria for EPA registration before they can be used in food and non-food production operations. Following EPA approval the Organic Materials Review Institute (OMRI), a non-governmental agency and the USDA National

Organic Program (NOP) determine the ability for these biopesticides to be used in organic production. Biopesticides…The Future of Protection PCAs continue to gain experience with biopesticides and are playing an integral role in educating growers as we navigate the new frontier of balancing large-scale organic and conventional production. Luckily, PCAs and growers have an established set of tools with proven biopesticides to address many of the challenges that come along with this balance; however, there are existing and unforeseen issues that could stem from regulatory or resistance management challenges - or something else altogether. To that, we cannot rest on our laurels and must look to new technologies and advancements on the horizon. Notable advances come in the development of bacteriophages for use in commercial agriculture. Technology that utilizes bacteriaeating phages has begun to revolutionize treatments in the medical field and now is also being successfully deployed to help combat issues from Fire Blight and Citrus Canker to bacterial spot/speck in tomatoes. Biopesticide companies are also harnessing the plants’ own power by utilizing plant activators, naturally-occurring bacterium shown to trigger a plant’s natural immune response to pathogenic fungi, bacteria and viruses. Growers are often the unsung heroes when it comes to stewardship of Mother Nature as they work to unlock her potential every day and protecting her resources for the future. With the rise in biopesticides and their adoption in organic and conventional farming, growers are now more than ever utilizing a fully integrated approach to controlling pests and diseases. These biologically-based tools are an asset and a significant part of the balance between protecting crops the environment and the future of agriculture today. █

UC IPM

Pacific flatheaded borer as a resurgent pest of walnuts in California: background, questions, and future research needs Jhalendra Rijal, Area IPM Advisor, University of California Statewide IPM Program, Modesto, CA Steven J. Seybold, Research Entomologist, USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, Davis, CA Flatheaded borer pest status During the fall of 2018 and 2019, several growers and pest control advisers (PCAs) from San Joaquin and Stanislaus counties reported unusually high borer infestations in English walnut orchards. Research and extension professionals from the University of California and the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Forest Service visited several walnut orchards with this borer problem in these counties. Additionally, there were reports of high levels of borer infestation in walnut orchards statewide from Colusa to Tulare counties. The insect causing the damage was a flatheaded borer, which is the generic name of the woodboring larvae of beetles in the insect family Buprestidae. The larval stage of flatheaded borers has a greatly enlarged and flattened anterior portion of the body (technically, the thorax), hence the name “flatheaded” (Fig. 1). During the site survey, we observed borer infestations on a range of tree ages [young (1–2 years) to mature (15–20 years)] and on a range of cultivars such as ‘Howard,'

‘Chandler,’ and ‘Tulare.’ High-density feeding galleries by the larvae had led to the flagging and breakage of nut-bearing branches (Fig. 2). We collected several infested branches in the winter of 2018 to 2019 and reared out specimens of the adults, which were identified as Pacific flatheaded borer (PFB), Chrysobothris mali Horn.

Fig. 1. Pacific flatheaded borer larva. Credit: Jhalendra Rijal, UC IPM.

Fig. 2. Broken nut-bearing branch due to Pacific flatheaded borer feeding. Reproduced with permission.

The PFB has long been known throughout western North America as a native pest of hardwood trees in orchards, urban landscapes, and in the forest (Burke 1929; Furniss and Carolin 1977; Solomon 1995). Indeed, it was originally described in 1886 from specimens collected on apples in California’s Central Valley (Burke 1929). However, in most reports it has been characterized as an occasional pest on trees with compromised health in a limited number of orchards (i.e., walnuts, almonds, cherries, and plums; Davis et al. 1968). The current resurgence and infestation on walnuts appeared to be much more severe and widespread throughout the walnut growing regions of California. Flatheaded borers are known to

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UC IPM, CONT, Pacific flatheaded borer as a resurgent pest of walnuts in California

cause damage to weaker, wounded, and sunburn-susceptible parts of trees. However, in our observations, the feeding damage was not limited to wounded and sunburn-damaged branches, and this behavior as a primary pest is a concern for walnut growers. The damage observed was distributed randomly throughout the tree, including twigs (pencil-sized), branches (2–4 inch diameter), limbs, and even tree trunks (Fig. 3). Attack on young trees (1–2 years) can seriously jeopardize tree health and even end in tree mortality (Fig. 4). The PFB-infested orchards that we visited did not seem to have trees with obvious nutritional deficiencies.

Fig. 3. A walnut tree trunk infested with Pacific flatheaded borer. Credit: Jhalendra Rijal, UC IPM.

Biology of Pacific flatheaded borer Pacific flatheaded borer adults are ½ to ¾ inch long with brown and gray markings and spots on the wing covers. Adults have an oval head with a wedge-shaped body (Fig. 5). Female beetles deposit about 100 eggs singly in potentially weaker portions of Fig. 4. Dead young tree due to Pacific flatheaded borer feeding. Credit: Jhalendra Rijal, UC IPM.

the wood (i.e., sunburnt, freshly pruned areas, etc.) or in bark crevices or depressions. Larvae bore through the outer bark and feed on the phloem and cambium layer initially, but eventually reach the xylem (wood) and mine the woody surface and interior. The larvae are cream-colored and legless. They construct pupal chambers deeper in the wood and molt into the final larval instar (i.e., prepupal stage) to overwinter. Pupation occurs in the spring and early summer, followed by adult emergence. PFB has one generation per year, but the life cycle may be longer (1–3 years). Although there are old reports in the literature that mention PFB infestation in fruit trees in California (Burke 1929, Davis et al. 1968, McNelly et al. 1969), there is a significant absence of basic information on this pest in California such as seasonal phenology, life history, and extent of damage to modern cultivars of walnuts and other crops in general. PFB has an extremely wide host range that includes at least 70 forest and other tree and shrub species from 21 plant families. A few examples are alder, apple, apricot, ash, avocado, beech, birch, boxelder, ceanothus, cherry, cotoneaster, currant, elm, English walnut, fig, loquat, mahogany, maple, oak, peach, pear, plum, poplar, sycamore, and willow. Burke (1929) suggested that PFB does not infest various black walnuts.

CAPCA ADVISER | DECEMBER 2019

Knowledge gaps, initial steps in advancing the research, and future needs Based on several formal and informal meetings and conversations with local walnut growers and pest control advisers facing flatheaded borer issues, we realized that there was a clear need to study the biology of the pest in English walnut and develop monitoring and management tools to minimize the impact. There has not been any research conducted in recent memory on this insect in walnuts in California, and our UC IPM Walnut Pest Management Guidelines for this pest are brief and without

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UC IPM, CONT, Pacific flatheaded borer as a resurgent pest of walnuts in California

Fig. 5. Pacific flatheaded borer adult. Credit: Jhalendra Rijal, UC IPM.

many details (UC IPM 2017). Understanding the basic information such as seasonal phenology of adult emergence, documenting damage symptoms, population abundance, and potential factors associated with host susceptibility to attack will provide essential background for developing and implementing management targeting this borer in walnuts. Preliminary research activities initiated in the fall of 2018 are as follows: Documenting damage symptoms Based on our initial assessment of several infested orchards, we documented the following visual symptoms (Fig. 6) as indicators of PFB in walnut orchards: • Brown-colored sap oozing from under the bark on the trunk, limbs, and lower branches • Presence of visual wounds on the tree branches and limbs that are prone to sunburn • Feeding channels packed with frass (sawdust-like insect waste and wood fragments) and cream-colored larvae beneath the outer bark removed from branches with suspected infestations • D-shaped exit holes from adult beetle emergence through the outer bark Understanding the phenology of PFB adult emergence Adult emergence study. During the winter of 2018 to 2019, we collected branches from walnut orchards infested by PFB in the previous season for an adult emergence study. Three walnut orchards representing three frequently grown cultivars – ‘Tulare,’ ‘Chandler,’

Figs. 6a–d. Visual symptoms produced by Pacific flatheaded borer feeding in walnut trees. Credit: Jhalendra Rijal, UC IPM.

and ‘Howard’ – were selected for this purpose. Collected branches (0.5–1.0 inch diameter) were cut into 24 to 34 inch-long pieces, transferred to ventilated plastic storage containers, and kept outdoors to simulate orchard conditions for adult emergence (Fig. 7). Based on the preliminary results, we found that flatheaded borer adult emergence began in midMay and continued through June. A total of 152 adults were recovered, and the highest proportion (~70%) of adults was recorded on June 12 (Fig. 8). Nineteen of the specimens were pinned, submitted to a taxonomist, and confirmed to be PFB (Fig. 9). Although this provides some information about the adult emergence pattern, this study needs to be supplemented with field data. The timing of emergence may vary from year to year based on potential factors such as cultivar, temperature, locations, and drought conditions. We plan to conduct additional research to understand various factors that might influence the seasonal emergence and borer incidence in orchards. In addition to PFB, we recovered a total of 8 specimens of a parasitic wasp from a group called chalcids (likely Trigonura californica Rohwer or a related species; Fig. 10). Orchard trapping. It has been reported that greenor purple-colored sticky prism traps (14 x 24 inch) and purple multiple funnel traps (also called Lindgren funnel traps; Lindgren 1983) play a significant role in capturing several other buprestids such as emerald ash borer (Francese et al. 2008), which is not present in California, and goldspotted

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UC IPM, CONT, Pacific flatheaded borer as a resurgent pest of walnuts in California

oak borer (Coleman et al. 2014). The Lindgren funnel traps can be used repeatedly and are more user-friendly for buprestid beetle trapping, whereas the sticky prism traps use a messy trap adhesive (Francese et al. 2011). In mid-April 2019, we deployed traps in six walnut orchards with a set of three traps: one purple and one green sticky prism trap (Fig. 11), and one purple Lindgren funnel trap (Fig. 12). All of these traps were hung on approximately 10-ft tall stainless steel conduit poles in orchard rows. Traps were checked biweekly and serviced as needed. All six sites were located within two counties, San Joaquin and Stanislaus. All buprestid beetles captured in prism and funnel traps were counted and later identified (Westcott et al. 2015). Based on preliminary results from the early part of the season (Aprilâ&#x20AC;&#x201C;May), a total of ten Chrysobothris sp. were captured in green prism traps (n = 4) and purple funnel traps (n = 6). The specimens caught on the green sticky prism traps were PFB, Chrysobothris mali (4 specimens: 2 males and 2 females from two of the six sites). The six specimens caught in the purple funnel traps were another species from the flatheaded appletree borer species group, Chrysobothris femorata (Olivier), which has been recently described and named, Chrysobothris wintu Wellso and Manley (Wellso and Manley 2007). Although this species is known to develop in larger branches or the trunk of English walnut (Westcott et al. 2015), C. wintu is generally considered to be a secondary pest (Burke 1929), so the relative risk of economic damage in walnut by this species is lower. No specimens were captured on the purple prism traps. Lack of preventative and other control measures The systematic evaluation of pest management practices to protect trees from PFB is needed. Infestations of PFB may be reduced by adopting cultural practices that encourage vigorous, healthy plants (UC IPM 2017), although PFB has recently been observed attacking healthy trees. Young trees may be protected from sunburn by applying white latex paint or using mechanical covers over the trunk (e.g., trunk guard). One of the general practices for these kinds of borers is orchard sanitation, which includes the removal of the weakened, injured, dead, and flagged branches. The material needs to be removed before the adults emerge, but the effectiveness and timing of this practice needs to be investigated. Additional research areas include the role of different types of tree guards, the potential role of orchard factors such as cultivar, age of the orchard, soil type, moisture conditions, temperature and drought conditions, weed control, etc. To our knowledge, there is no insecticide registered for this pest in English walnuts in California, and therefore, it is critical to explore various preventative and curative control measures to minimize the impact of this pest in walnut production. Acknowledgements The California Walnut Board provided funding to Jhalendra Rijal and Steven J. Seybold to allow us to 46

CAPCA ADVISER | DECEMBER 2019

Fig. 7. Pacific flatheaded borer adult emergence study set up. Credit: Jhalendra Rijal, UC IPM.

Fig. 8. Seasonal trend of Pacific flatheaded borer (PFB) adult emergence from infested walnut branches.

Fig. 9. Pinned Pacific flatheaded borer specimens ready for submission to the taxonomist. Credit: Megan A. Siefker, UC Davis.

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UC IPM, CONT, Pacific flatheaded borer as a resurgent pest of walnuts in California

Fig. 10. Parasitoid emerged from the Pacific flatheaded borer emergence cages. Credit: Jhalendra Rijal, UC IPM.

initiate flatheaded borer research and extension activities in 2019. We are grateful to the various walnut growers who provided access to their orchards for the research. We thank Daniel J. Rivers, University of California Cooperative Extension, San Joaquin County for field assistance, and we thank Dr. Richard L. Westcott, Emeritus Entomologist, Oregon Department of Agriculture, for providing identifications of Chrysobothris sp. for this project. Voucher specimens of both C. mali and C. wintu from this project have been accessioned into the Entomology Collection of the California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco. █ References Cited and Resources

Burke HE. 1929. The Pacific flatheaded borer. USDA Technical Bulletin No. 83, Washington, D.C., 36 pp. Coleman TW, Chen Y, Graves AD, Hishinuma SM, Grulke NE, Flint ML, Seybold SJ. 2014. Developing monitoring techniques for the invasive goldspotted oak borer (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) in California. Environ. Entomol. 43: 729–743. http://dx.doi. org/10.1603/EN13162. Davis C, Black J, Hench K, Carlson C. 1968. Controlling pacific flatheaded borer. California Agric. 22(4): 6−7. Francese JA, Fraser I, Lance DR, Mastro VC. 2011. Efficacy of multi-funnel traps for capturing emerald ash borer (Coleoptera: Buprestidae): effect of color, glue, and other trap coatings J. Econ. Entomol. 104: 1235−1241. Francese JA, Oliver JB, Fraser I, Lance DR, Youssef N, Sawyer AJ, Mastro VC. 2008. Influence of trap placement and design on capture of the emerald ash borer (Coleoptera: Buprestidae). J. Econ. Entomol. 101(6): 1831−1837. Furniss RL, Carolin VM. 1977. Western Forest Insects. USDA Forest Service. Miscellaneous Publication No. 1339, Washington, D.C., 654 pp. Lindgren BS. 1983. A multiple funnel trap for scolytid beetles (Coleoptera). Can. Entomol. 115: 299−302. McNelly LB, Chaney DH, Post GR, Davis CS. 1969. Protecting young trees from attack by the Pacific flatheaded borer. California Agric. 23(4): 12−13. NASS 2018. 2018-California Walnut Objective Measurement Report. US Department of Agriculture, National Agricultural Statistics Service. https://www.nass.usda.gov/Statistics_by_State/California/Publications/Specialty_and_Other_Releases/ Walnut/Objective-Measurement/201808walom.pdf Solomon JD. 1995. Guide to insect borers in North American broadleaf trees and shrubs. USDA Forest Service Handbook. AH-706. 735 pp. http://www.srs.fs.usda.gov/pubs/misc/ah_706/ah-706.htm [accessed 12 October 2019] UC IPM. 2017. UC IPM Pest Management Guidelines Walnut:Pacific Flatheaded Borer. UC ANR Publication 3471. Oakland, CA. https://www2.ipm.ucanr.edu/agriculture/walnut/Pacific-Flatheaded-Borer/ [accessed 13 October 2019] Wellso SG, Manley GV. 2007. A revision of the Chrysobothris femorata (Olivier, 1790) species group from North America, north of Mexico (Coleoptera: Buprestidae). Zootaxa 1652: 1–26. Westcott RL, Haines RD, Hishinuma SM, Nelson LJ, Seybold SJ. 2015. Chrysobothris analis LeConte, 1860 (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) discovered in California with notes on Chrysobothris wintu Wellso & Manley, 2007. Pan-Pacific Entomol. 91(4): 337−341.

Fig. 11. Green sticky prism trap. Credit: Jhalendra Rijal, UC IPM.

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Fig. 12. Purple Lindgren multiple funnel trap. Credit: J. Rijal, UC IPM.

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and plant roots in the rhizosphere (the ‘hot spot’ for soil microbes is in this area of soil surrounding plant roots). The microbes supply the roots with minerals and the root’s exudates provide the microbes with energy-rich sugar. The plant trades nutrients for energy, and the return is great in enhancing the plant's ability to take up water and nutrients from the soil. The soil microbes, directly and indirectly, mediate about 90% of soil functions in decomposing dead matter into soil organic matter (SOM). The microbes respire carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) to the surrounding soil and air. This makes essential nutrients, such as nitrogen compounds, available to plants and other soil organisms. This process also results in stored carbon in soil humus, and decomposing humus which releases CO2 to the air via soil respiration. Root-mediated rhizospheric communication with soil microbes and soil organic carbon is considered the most diverse and integrated ecosystem, thus providing an improved environment for soil health. All organisms in the biosphere need nitrogen to build their DNA, RNA and protein molecules. Because plants transfer carbon into the soil via photosynthesis, the nitrogen cycle becomes critical to building strong healthy soil. Current research indicates that the length of time soil carbon persists in humus and other soils organic carbon components depend on many ecosystem interactions between soil organic carbon and microbes, minerals, moisture, and temperature. In agriculture, improved management practices have to make economic sense. Sustainable agriculture means stewardship of the land, air, and water – but it also means doing this in a way that is profitable over the long-term. Sustaining, and further improving crop yield, is the best objective of soil health. Continuous improvement of crop yield is dependent on how we plan to invest and sustain the soil ecosystem. That investment also helps determine the sustainability of agriculture. █

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Genetics and possible origins of California weedy rice Teresa B. De Leon, Elizabeth Karn, Kassim Al-Khatib, Luis Espino, Timothy Blank, Cynthia B. Andaya, Virgilio C. Andaya, Whitney Brim-DeForest Introduction Weedy rice (O. sativa f. spontanea Rosh.) is an emerging weed of rice in California. While weedy rice was present early in California rice culture (Bellue 1932), adoption of a continuously flooded growing system and use of certified seed allowed for presumed eradication of weedy rice in the 1950s (Miller 1979). After several decades of no weedy rice detected in California, weedy red rice was identified in a dry-seeded rice field in 2003 (Londo and Schaal 2007). Since then, weedy rice has since been identified in seven rice-growing counties in California infesting over 130 fields and 13,900 acres, as of 2018 (Luis Espino, personal communication, August 4, 2019). Weedy rice is a serious weed in other rice-growing regions of the world, leading to yield losses of up to 80% in the southern United States (Estorninos et al. 2005), and a greenhouse study of California weedy rice indicated possible yield losses of up to 69% (unpublished data). Currently, there are six known biotypes of weedy rice present in California, which are distinguishable by the presence of awns, grain size, plant height, and seed hull and pericarp color (Table 1). The recent re-discovery and rapid spread of weedy rice raises questions of where this weedy rice is coming from, and what factors may play a role in preventing its further spread. A genetics study was conducted to determine the relationships of weedy rice biotypes found in California to each other and to other weedy, wild, or cultivated rice types, and to investigate possible origins of the weed in California. Materials and Methods Weedy, wild, and cultivated rice samples selected for genotyping analysis totaled 96 samples. Forty-six weedy rice samples from California were obtained from commercial rice fields in five counties (Glenn, Colusa, Butte, Yuba, and Sutter Counties), and represent five weedy rice biotypes (Table 1). The sixth weedy rice biotype was not included in this study, because it was not identified until after this study began. To allow comparison with other rice groups, we included 20 weedy rice samples from the southern US (Arkansas, Mississippi, Missouri, Louisiana, and Texas), 8 wild rice accessions, and a total of 22 cultivated rice accessions: 6 temperate japonica, 4 tropical japonica, 5 indica, 5 aus, 1 aromatic group V, and 2 red-pericarp specialty rice accessions. These samples were obtained from USDA collections and from the Rice Experiment Station (Biggs, California). Genomic DNA was extracted from leaf tissue from each sample, and genotyped with 98 microsatellite (SSR) markers and 1 Rc genespecific marker. The Rc gene is responsible for the red-pigmented pericarp of wild, weedy, and cultivated specialty red rices. Following amplification and detection of marker alleles, neighbor joining phylogenetic, STRUCTURE, and principal component analyses were performed to examine relationships and genetic structure among rice samples. 52

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Results and Discussion In a phylogenetic analysis, individuals are connected to their closest relatives to form a genetic tree (Figure 2). Most cultivated and weedy rice individuals clustered by rice type, while the wild rice samples were scattered, which reflects the wide diversity in wild rice species. The California weedy rice samples were grouped into four major clusters, which correspond to five biotypes categorized by hull color, grain size, and presence of awn (Figure 2, Table 1). Type 1 weedy rice was placed near a wild rice sample and one temperate japonica rice variety, as well as aus rice varieties. Type 2 weedy rice was placed near southern strawhull weedy rice and some wild rice. Type 3 and Type 4 weedy rices were placed together, and are close relatives of each other. Type 5 weedy rice was placed near both temperate and tropical japonica rice varieties. The southern US weedy rice individuals were grouped into two clusters, the strawhull weedy rice and blackhull weedy rice. STRUCTURE analysis was used to examine population structure and identify hybridization or gene flow, by assigning each individualâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s genome to genetic populations. While most individuals Figure 1. Weedy rice panicles in a field in Colusa County (Photo: Luis Espino)

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FARM ADVISORS, CONT, Genetics and possible origins of California weedy rice

Figure 2. Phylogenetic tree showing relationships among 96 rice samples, including 46 California weedy samples, 20 weedy rice samples from the southern United States, 8 wild rice species, and 22 rice cultivars. The starred individuals are two red-pericarped specialty rice varieties grown in California.

analyses to be closely related to japonica cultivars, but is still distinct from both, and it is unclear whether it could be derived directly from the temperate japonica cultivars grown in California or from japonica cultivars outside California and imported. It is possible that this biotype is derived from California cultivars of rice and went unnoticed for some time prior to detection, but it is also quite likely that this biotype originated. Another possibility for the origin and spread of California weedy rice is from the cultivation of red-pericarped specialty rice varieties within California. While the majority of rice-growing acreage in California is devoted to non-colored pericarp rice production, some specialty colored-pericarp rice varieties are grown at a commercial scale. Two non-certified introduced cultivated red-pericarped specialty rice varieties grown in California were clustered with Type 2 and Type 5 weedy rice (Figure 2), indicating possible genetic contributions from red-pericarped varieties into weedy populations. These red rice varieties have not gone through Californiaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s third-party variety certification and inspection process and have been previously implicated in rice contamination (Timothy Blank, personal communication, March 7th, 2017). This potentially problematic relationship calls for careful management of rice seed and certification to avoid the contamination of white-pericarped cultivated rice acreage with red-pericarped rice.

assign to one population, some individuals assign to more than one, indicating gene flow (Figure 3). For example, some Type 2 weedy rice individuals show gene flow from strawhull weedy rice from the southern US, indica rice, or wild rice species. Despite some gene flow, the rice types are distinct from each other. A principal component analysis based on overall genetic differences shows that weedy rice biotypes are more similar to other rice types than to each other (Figure 4). The recent increase in detected weedy rice cases raises the question of where this weedy rice has come from. Most biotypes, with the exception of Type 5, are genetically related to rice groups not grown in California, meaning that they were most likely imported into California from elsewhere, likely through contaminated seed. Type 5 weedy rice was shown in phylogenetic and STRUCTURE

Overall, the genetic analyses provide some insights into the ancestry of California weedy rice. Type 1 weedy rice is likely derived from aus rice or possibly a wild rice species, as is the blackhull weedy rice from the southern US. These two American weedy rice biotypes may have a single origin from Asian rice or separate origins followed by hybridization with each other. Type 2 weedy rice is most closely related to strawhull weedy rice from the southern US, and these two groups are likely derived from indica rice, with possible contributions from wild rice. Type 4 weedy rice was only found in one field in California, and is likely derived from Type 3. Type 3 and Type 4 weedy rice are highly differentiated from other groups and have unclear origins, but may be related to wild rice. Type 5 weedy rice is derived from japonica rice. The four major biotype groups all contained samples from multiple different counties, and most counties that have weedy rice have more than one type. (Table 1). The spread of biotypes across a large geographic area is likely the result of seed movement by humans, either through contaminated seed stocks or equipment within

Table 1. Descriptions of the five weedy rice biotypes from California used in this study, and the counties where each biotype has been identified, as of 2018. Type 6 was not included in this study, as it was not discovered until after the study began.

Biotype

Hull Color

Awns

Grain size

Plant height

Counties present

Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 Type 4 Type 5 Type 6

Strawhull Bronzehull Strawhull Blackhull Strawhull Blackhull

Absent Absent Long Long Partial or absent Long

Short grain Medium grain Medium grain Short grain Medium or long grain Medium

Tall Tall Tall Short Tall Tall

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FARM ADVISORS, CONT, Genetics and possible origins of California weedy rice

Figure 3. Genetic assignments of rice individuals into six genetic clusters in STRUCTURE analysis. Colors represent genetic clusters. The vertical bars represent the portion of an individual’s genotype assigning to each cluster, meaning that vertical bars with multiple colors represent admixed or hybrid individuals.

California or through accidental importation of weedy rice from other rice-growing regions. This highlights the need for growing weed-free certified seed in California and encouraging growers to prevent the spread of weedy rice on contaminated equipment. Recent regulations regarding the importation of used equipment and the requirement for only planting certified seed or seed from a third-party quality assurance program should aid in these efforts (Prevention and Eradication of Weedy Rice, CA 3 CCR §2852.5, 2018). More information on weedy rice in California can be found at caweedyrice.com.

Acknowledgements The authors would like to thank the California Rice Research Board for providing the funding for this research. The authors would also like to thank the California Rice Experiment Station and the Director, Dr. Kent McKenzie, who provided laboratory and greenhouse space. Dr. Paul Sanchez, Dr. Amar Godar, Michael Lee, Carson Tibbits, James Broaddus, and Christopher Boggs provided assistance in the greenhouse. This research was originally published in the journal Ecology and Evolution (De Leon et al. 2019) and figures were adapted for this article. █

Figure 4. Genetic clustering of rice samples in principal component analysis. Separation on the two axes account for 22.9% and 11.6% of the total genetic variation present in the sample set.

References Bellue, MK (1932). Weeds of California seed rice. California Department of Agriculture Bulletin. 21, 290-296. De Leon TB, Karn E, Al-Khatib K, Espino L, Blank T, Andaya CB, Andaya VC, BrimDeForest W (2019). Genetic variation and possible origins of weedy rice found in California. Ecology and Evolution, 9, 58355848. Estorninos LE, Gealy DR, Gbur EE, Talbert RE, McClelland MR (2005) Rice and red rice interference. II. Rice response to population densities of three red rice (Oryza sativa) ecotypes. Weed Science, 53, 683-689. Londo, JP, Schaal, BA (2007). Origins and population genetics of weedy rice in the USA. Molecular Ecology, 16, 4523-4535. Miller MD, Brandon DM (1979) Evolution of California rice culture. Pages 79-116 in Wilson J, ed. Rice in California. CA: Butte County Rice Growers Association. Prevention and Eradication of Weedy Rice. Code of California Regulations, Title 3, Division 4, Chapter 2, Subchapter 5, Article 2, §2852.5 (2018).

CAPCA ADVISER | DECEMBER 2019

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Biopesticides — Effective Use in Pest Management Programs Biological Fungicides in IPM Strategies and Pesticide Safety Strategies Disease Management for California Almond Production Grape Powdery Mildew Control in California Vineyards Lepidopterous Pest Management/Pesticide Safety Review Managing Key Insects in California Almond Orchards/ Principles of IPM Mite Control and Integrated Pest Management: Treenut, Pome, Grape, and Strawberry Crops Pesticide Essentials for Applicators and Advisers (Credit Pending) The ABCs of MRLs — Maximum Residue Levels (MRLs): Growing Issue for Ag Exports Weed Management in GM Alfalfa: Roundup Ready Alfalfa Weed Management in Orchards and Vineyards Weed Resistance Management in Agronomic Row Crops, Trees, Nuts & Vines

FARM ADVISORS

Rattlesnakes in California orchards Sonia Rios, Subtropical Horticulture Farm Advisor, UCCE Riverside/San Diego Counties; Roger A. Baldwin, CE Human-Wildlife Conflict Resolution Specialist Rattlesnakes are occasionally found in orchards in California, generally leading to unwanted encounters. However, it is important to remember that the desire to avoid any kind of a negative interaction is mutual. As such, rattlesnakes will generally avoid human confrontation when possible. Rattlesnakes are an important part of the ecosystem, feeding on rodents, birds, and other small animals. Snake season in Southern California runs from April through October, but the warmer the weather, the more the reptiles are likely to be out and about. Rattlesnakes are California’s only native venomous snake, with some adults reaching up to 6 feet long. According to the California Poison Control Center notes, rattlesnakes account for more than 800 bites each year, with one to two deaths. About 25 percent of the bites are “dry,” meaning no venom was injected, but the bites still require medical treatment. There are nine species that live in various areas of the state and their size can vary. According to the University of California Integrated Pest Management Guidelines (2014), the most widespread rattlesnake in California is the northern Pacific rattlesnake (Crotalus oreganus, Photo 1), found from the northern part of the state to as far south as Santa Barbara County and from sea level to 7,000 feet. Two closely related species (C. helleri and C. lutosus) are found in coastal Southern California and in in northeastern portions of the state that are associated with the Great Basin region, respectively. The sidewinder (C. cerastes) is the smallest rattlesnake and is so named because of its peculiar method of sideways locomotion. The sidewinder is sometimes called the horned rattler because of the hornlike scales above its eyes. It is most commonly found in sandy desert areas from below sea level to 6,000 feet. The Mohave rattlesnake (C. scutulatus) ranges across the desert and foothills of southeastern California from sea level to higher elevations. The southwestern speckled rattlesnake (C. mitchellii) ranges from Baja California northward across much of the Colorado, Mojave, and Sonoran Deserts, overlapping with the red diamond rattlesnake (C. ruber) in western parts of its range and the sidewinder farther east. The Panamint rattlesnake (C. stephensi) is closely related but has a more northerly distribution in the inland desert regions of Southern California. The red diamond rattlesnake is found in Baja California and in southwestern California south of Los Angeles. The western diamond-backed rattlesnake (C. atrox) is seldom seen in California but occurs in the extreme southeastern part of the state in desert regions. Of the nine species of rattlesnakes in this region, the Western diamondback rattlesnake is probably the most dangerous because of its size and aggressive nature. This snake is considered a generalist, which means that it isn’t too picky about its habitat. It can be found living in deserts, grassy plains, forests, rocky hillsides 58

CAPCA ADVISER | DECEMBER 2019

Photo 1. Northern Pacific rattlesnakes have large bodies and large triangular heads. This snake is often heard before it is seen. (Photo: Sonia Rios)

and areas along the coast. It lives in elevations from below sea level up to 6500 feet. State experts say the diamondback can be found primarily in Imperial, Riverside and San Bernardino counties (Photo 3). Most trees crops that are found in this county that are at risk for hosting these snakes are avocados, citrus and dates. This puts subtropical growers the most at risk for being bit. Rattlesnakes can pose a threat to workers conducting routine agriculture cultural practices such as irrigating, fertilizing, and harvesting. In the deserts of Riverside and Imperial counties where the laborious date palms are grown, rattlesnakes can be problematic if orchard vegetation is left uncontrolled (Photo 2). The snakes are also attracted to water, so irrigators have an increased likelihood of coming into contact with the snakes. Biology and Behavior Rattlesnakes are thick-bodied snakes with keeled (ridged) scales in a variety of colors and patterns. The National Wildlife Federation reported that rattlesnakes typically live for 10 to 25 years. Most species are patterned with dark diamonds, rhombuses or hexagons on a lighter background. Rattlesnakes are ovoviviparous, which means that eggs incubate inside the mother’s body. Babies are born live, encased in a thin membrane that they puncture after being born.

Mar Vista Resources Fertilizer Laboratory Services Our lab provides a wide range of analytical testing procedures to meet the requirements of any fertilizer production facility or end user. Manufacturing quality and innovative formulations are the forefronts of our business model and lab. We have set various parameters on our everyday operations to ensure that our products comply with all regulations and customer expectations. We took an extra step towards these efforts in 2016 when our Quality Control and Product Development laboratory was established. With the addition of these facilities and analytical equipment such as an Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emissions Spectrometer (ICPOES) and Elementar Vario Max Cube, we are able to analyze down to trace levels of all common fertilizer components through NPK, micronutrient, and heavy metal testing. We use EPA certified methods to test all fertilizer samples.

subjected to elemental analysis. This is completed before product is packaged and shipped to ensure the product is in accordance to its respective label and specifications. With an on-site chemist always present we are able to rapidly troubleshoot through production issues and remediate batches when necessary. We are also able to quickly respond to our customers' requests for custom formulations as well as provide technical support about our products and how they are best utilized. Our lab services, both analytical and developmental, are offered to all customers and non-customers alike. We provide cost effective services that are both competitive and accurate. Contact us to see how our laboratory can best accommodate your analytical needs.

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FARM ADVISORS, CONT, Rattlesnakes in California orchards

They are among the group of snakes called pit vipers because of the small pits on each side of the head between the eye and nostril. These pits are temperature-sensitive structures that assist the snake in finding prey, even in complete darkness (Alving and Kardong, 1996). The tongue is also used to detect the scent of prey. Rattlesnakes have a specialized venom delivery system. Venom is produced in glands behind the eyes and then flows through ducts to the hollow fangs. Normally the fangs fold back against the roof of the mouth and when a snake strikes, the fangs pivot forward to inject venom. (Kardong and Bels, 1998). The California Department of Fish and Wildlife recommends being alert and also having a sense of where a rattlesnake could be at a particular time of day. After a cold night, the snakes will try to raise their body temperatures by laying out in the sun around mid-morning. To prevent overheating during the day, they may be more active at dusk, dawn and nighttime hours. Though they are not nocturnal, in the hot summer months they may be more active at night.

Management The nine species of rattlesnakes found in California are not considered endangered or threatened.Â California Department of Fish and WildlifeÂ Code classifies rattlesnakes as native reptiles. California residents can take most rattlesnake species on private lands in any legal manner without a license or permit, although a bag limit of two still applies. Additionally, the red diamond rattlesnake (C. ruber) is prohibited from being taken or killed by state wildlife regulation. Habitat Modification Most rattlesnakes seek cover in crevices of rocks, under surface objects, beneath dense vegetation and in rodent burrows, so eliminating potential shelter is critical. Adults eat live prey, primarily rodents; the young consume mostly lizards and young rodents. Controlling the vermin population in your orchard is an important

Photo 2. In the deserts of Riverside and Imperial Counties, if orchard vegetation is left uncontrolled this can create an ideal habitat for rattlesnakes. (Photo: Sonia Rios)

CAPCA ADVISER | DECEMBER 2019

CalBor Zn FL

FARM ADVISORS, CONT, Rattlesnakes in California orchards

factor as the rodent borrows can become a snake’s new home. After rodent control, fill in existing burrows with rocks, soil, and sod and pack down firmly (Baldwin and Meinerz 2015). Weed management in orchards is critical during the warmer months. The vegetation can provide habitat for snakes. In addition, after pruning or removing old trees from the orchard, proper disposal of the wood is important. Stacking or saving the wood in piles creates safe harborage for the rattlesnakes. Exclusion Buildings and associated structures for farming operations can vary in size and age. Chemical sheds, equipment garages, and machinery shops occasionally host snakes. In summer, rattlesnakes may be attracted to cool and/or damp places, such as beneath buildings. Sealing all cracks and other openings greater than ¼ inch can prevent them from entering. Gaps beneath doors are often large enough to permit snakes to enter, especially young ones. While expensive, snake-proof fencing can also be used. If wire mesh is used, it should be 1⁄4-inch mesh and extend 3 feet aboveground. Bury the bottom 3 or 4 inches and bend outward 3 or more inches of the base of the wire to discourage other animals from digging under the fence. Place the support stakes on the inside and install a gate that is tight-fitting at the sides and bottom. Make sure the gate includes a self-closing spring (Baldwin and Meinerz 2015). Benefits Rattlesnakes add to the diversity of our wildlife and are important members of our ecosystem (Todd et al. 2014). They can reduce the number of disease-carrying vermin. In general, they should be left alone, whenever possible, especially in wildland areas. Nonvenomous snakes, such as California kingsnakes (Lampropeltis californiae) and garter snakes (Thamnophis spp.), should also be left alone wherever found. █

References Alving, W. R., and K. V. Kardong. 1996. The role of the vomeronasal organ in rattlesnake (Crotalus viridis oreganus) predatory behavior. Brain, behavior and evolution, 48(3), 165-172. Baldwin, R.A., and R. Meinerz. 2015. Rattlesnakes. Pages 424– 429 in Vertebrate Pest Control Handbook, R.A. Baldwin, editor. Sixth edition. California Department of Food and Agriculture, Sacramento, CA. http://www.vpcrac.org/files/5213/9050/2051/ rattlesnakes.pdf California Department of Fish and Wildlife. https://www.wildlife. ca.gov/Keep-Me-Wild/Rattlesnakes. Accessed 20 June 2019. California Poison Control. https://calpoison.org/topics/rattlesnakes. Accessed 20 June 2019. Kardong, K. V. and Bels, V. L. 1998. Rattlesnake strike behavior: kinematics. Journal of Experimental Biology, 201(6), 837-850. National Wildlife Federation. https://www.nwf.org/EducationalResources/Wildlife-Guide/Reptiles/Rattlesnakes. Accessed 20 June 2019. Salmon, T. P., D. A. Whisson, and R. E. Marsh. 2006. Wildlife Pest Control Around Gardens and Homes. 2nd ed. Oakland: Univ. Calif. Agric. Nat. Res. Publ. 21385. Todd, B., T.P. Salmon, D.A. Whisson and R.E. Marsh. University of California Integrated Pest Management Guidelines http://ipm. ucanr.edu/PMG/PESTNOTES/pn74119.html. Accessed 20 June 2019. Walter, F. G., U. Stolz, F. Shirazi, and J. McNally. 2009. Epidemiology of severe and fatal rattlesnake bites. Philadelphia: American Association of Poison Control Centers’ Annual Reports. Clin. Toxicol. 47:663-669.

Photo 3. (L) Western diamondback rattlesnake found in an avocado grove, photo by Gary Tanizaki; (R) Western diamondback, photo by Gary Nafis.

CAPCA ADVISER | DECEMBER 2019

CAPCA STAFF CONTACTS

RUTHANN ANDERSON CAPCA President/CEO Adviser Editor ruthann@capca.com (916) 928-1625 x7

SYLVIA STARK

Advertising Sales Manager Advertising/Publications sylvia@capca.com (916) 607-0059 or (916) 928-1625 x9

JOYCE A. BASAN

Programs/Communications Dir. Adviser Deputy Editor joyce@capca.com (916) 928-1625 x2

ADAM BARSANTI

Outreach Relations Manager adam@capca.com (916) 928-1625 x6

DEE STROWBRIDGE

Conferences Director, Sustaining Membership, Acct. dee@capca.com (916) 928-1625 x3

CRYSTELLE TURLO

Individual Membership & Chapter Projects Director crystelle@capca.com (916) 928-1625 x1

RACHEL TAFT

Executive Assistant rachel@capca.com (916) 928-1625 x5

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Actagro Ag 1 Source AG RX Agrinos, Inc Agro Logistic Systems, Inc Agroplasma Inc.® AquaBella Organic Solutions, LLC Baicor, L.C. Bio Ag Services Corp Blue Mountian Minerals California Organic Fertilizers, Inc CDMS, Inc Deerpoint Group, Inc Dellavalle Laboratory, Inc Diversified Waterscapes Duarte Nursery, Inc EcoStadt Technologies LLC Earth Science Laboratories, Inc HELM Agro US, Inc Hortau, Inc Hydrite Chemical Co. Interstate Ag Plastics Jet Harvest Solutions Key Plex Magna Bon II Motomco Nature's Source North Valley Ag Services Nutrient Technologies, Inc OHP, Inc Organic Ag Products Pacific Biocontrol Corporation Phytech, Inc Polymer Ag LLC Produce Careers, Inc Progressive Crop Consultant San Joaquin Grower Services Semios Southern Valley Chemical Co. Spectrum Technologies SummitAgro - USA Taminco US LLC The Morning Star Packing Co Tiger-Sul Products, LLC Van Beurden Insurance Svcs Vestaron Corporation Western Region Certified Crop Advisers Zenith Insurance Company

CAPCA Mini-Conference

CAPCA

Save the Date Cost $175.00

Begins April 28, 2020 at 1:00pm Ends April 29, 2020 at 5:00 pm

pring ummit April 28-29, 2020 Pechanga Resort Temecula, California

More information available in December

46th Annual CAPCA Conference & Agri-Expo October 11-13, 2020 Disneyland Resort Registration and Hotel reservations will not be available until May 2020

Want to help plan our conference? Contact Dee Strowbridge to join our planning committee. Meetings begin in January dee@capca.com

CAREER OPPORTUNITIES NOTE: Some of the following job opportunities are abbreviated postings. To view the complete posting, please log into your membership access on our website at https://capca.com/my-account/ Tree Fruit Consultant / Specialist – Yakima Valley Wilbur Ellis LLC

Description: Wilbur Ellis LLC is looking for qualified Tree Fruit Consultants / Specialists for work within the Yakima Valley. The Tree Fruit Specialist serves to manage, enhance and expand on product and/or services for existing customer base, while actively pursuing new customers within assigned territory. Assists growers with proper product selection and use based on agronomic needs. Maintains and develops profitable customer relationships and strives to become the market leader in the assigned geography. Requirements: Requires Washington State Pest Control Consultants license and valid driver’s license. Duties include field scouting, interpreting soil, tissue and water analysis, writing pest and nutrient management programs for tree and vine crops. Full time salary position. Benefits include, health care, 401(k), pension and company vehicle. Apply: Please apply online at: https://bit.ly/2okKdBD

Southern California / Desert SW Area Sales Rep - South Central Valley Agroplasma, Inc.

Description: Agroplasma, Inc is inviting an ambitious and successful Fertilizer Sales Representative to join our team in the South Central Valley and the Desert Southwest. Requires daily travel and about 35% overnight travel. If you are interested in a fast-paced and exciting work environment with a successful and rapidly expanding organization, we are the company for you. Duties/Qualifications: Experience in any type of ag fertility / production related sales. CCA or PCA required. Strong knowledge of Organic, Sustainable, and Conventional Crop Production. Excellent interpersonal and communication skills, with the ability to present to large groups. Bachelor's degree in Agronomy or ag-related discipline required. Will also consider other degrees with related field sales experience. Demonstrated success in agricultural sales. Demonstrated ability to sell, negotiate, influence, and coach. Computer and CRM Literate. Apply: Send your resume and at least 5 references to: Attention Jeff info@agroplasmainc.com

Agronomist Technical Service Representative – San Joaquin Valley Buttonwillow Warehouse Company

Summary: This position provides technical development, support, direction and training for a specific agricultural growing area for an agronomic solutions service and/or defined proprietary, MarVista or priority product line for Buttonwillow Warehouse Company (BWC). The area will include branches, personnel and customers in the San Joaquin Valley of California. Duties/Requirements: Responsible for training, advising, researching and practicing agronomic solutions on a wide variety of crops, BWC personnel and customers. Develops training programs for agronomic practices, proprietary, MarVista and priority products/services within geographic area plus participates in forecasting, business plans and succession planning. Contributes to pricing strategies and marketing plans. Bachelor’s agricultural degree. Five plus years related experience and/or training. Knowledge of the California agriculture industry; agronomic sales, procurement and logistics systems of crop nutrition, crop protection, technology, specialty product offerings. Apply: Contact Tracy Chavez, Human Resources, (661) 695-6500 or tchavez@techag.com

Assistant Farm Manager - Cuyama, CA Bolthouse Farms

Description: The Assistant Farm Manager will be responsible for providing support to the Cuyama Farm Manager. Areas of responsibility include; delegating tasks to team members, planting, harvesting, fertilizing carrots, and ensuring that all employees are following safety regulations. The successful candidate will hold responsibility for executing daily/weekly production schedule for optimal efficiencies. Duties/Responsibilities: Provide coaching, support, and direction to members of a work team; Provide business and technical leadership support as necessary to ensure both the department and facility meet and/or exceed goals in critical success areas (Cost/Quality, Sanitation, System Utilization, and Health/Safety/Environment); Conduct regular team meetings which include effective communication of organizational and policy changes; Demonstrates high level of problem solving for agricultural issues, employee issues, capital improvements, and overall business improvements. Apply: Send resume to arlet.miranda@bolthouse.com

CAPCA ADVISER | DECEMBER 2019

Director of Agronomy – Bakersfield, CA Bolthouse Farms

Description: The Director of Agronomy will be responsible for research, development, trialing and selection of third party commercial varieties for the Bolthouse carrot growing operation as well as the expansion of organic production, and the selection of rotation and cover crops. Duties/Requirements: Manage, design, develop, and implement carrot cultivar selection projects to develop hybrids that will contribute to the commercial success of the company. Develop long and short-term breeding and selection strategies with focus on specific markets for various types of carrots and other crops. Work with third party breeders to develop and apply modern technologies of plant breeding by using molecular markers to select and incorporate genes for target traits with traditional breeding methods. Design, organize and conduct trial programs in target market zones. Apply: Email resume to arlet.miranda@bolthouse.com with “Director of Agronomy” on the subject title.

Crop Adviser (Pest Control Adviser) - Woodlake/Corcoran/Firebaugh/Chowchilla Buttonwillow Warehouse Company, Inc.

Description: Crop Advisers are knowledgeable about plants, soil and water. They maintain a close relationship with their client and scout their fields for problems that may arise during the growing season. They make recommendations ranging from seed to fertilizer and from pest management to disease treatment. Apply: For more information or to submit resumes, please contact Tracy Chavez, tchavez@techag.com or (661) 695-6514.

Technical & Sales Manager – Northern California Valagro USA

Description: This position is responsible for introducing Valagro product and technology, managing customer accounts, and providing technical sales support including product training to our distributors and end users daily. If you are a leader who is constantly learning, passionate about the next generation of agriculture, and enjoy working with, and supporting, your customers, let’s talk! Duties/Responsibilities: Establishes working relationships with distributors and dealer network in North California territory, Modesto North including Napa and Sonoma Valleys. Able to establish excellent professional relationships with customers, stakeholders, and leaders including PCAs throughout the agricultural industry. Organizes and executes field trial demos, field days, promotional activities, trade show, and other marketing activities. Responsible for strategically achieving sales targets and objectives in the territory assigned. 7-10 years of Account Management experience, must have an established network. Apply: Visit our company page on LinkedIn and navigate to careers. █

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Save these 2020 SPRAY SAFE event dates! Fresno-Madera Spray Safe January 10, 2020

Fresno Fairgrounds Commerce Bldg. 1121 Chance Ave., Fresno, CA 93702 https://capca.com/events/

Tulare-Kings Spray Safe January 16, 2020

International Agri-Center 4500 S Laspina Street, Tulare, CA 93274 https://capca.com/events/

Kern County Spray Safe January 24, 2020

Kern Co. Fairgrounds, 1142 South P Street, Bakersfield Trade Show/Early Registration 7:00 a.m. – 9:00 a.m. (Coffee and doughnuts provided) Workshops/Break Out Sessions 9:00 a.m. – 12:00 p.m. (English and Spanish Presentations) Afternoon presentations and complimentary lunch begins at noon, followed by raffles and giveaways. For more information or to complete your reservation, please email events@kerncfb.com or call the Kern County Farm Bureau at 661-397-9635. You may also visit: https://kerncfb.com/spray-safe

San Joaquin County Spray Safe January 27, 2020 Robert J. Cabral Center 2101 E. Earhart Ave, Stockton CA 95206 8:00 a.m. – 1:00 p.m., Lunch Included 209-953-6000

Yolo County Spray Safe February 05, 2020

Yolo County Fairgrounds, Waite Hall 1250 Gum Ave, Woodland, CA 95776 530-402-2222

Ventura County Spray Safe March 24, 2020

Ventura County Fairgrounds 10 W Harbor Blvd, Ventura, CA 93001 805-648-3376 68

CAPCA ADVISER | DECEMBER 2019

Neale McNutt – Ventura Chapter Legacy Member Acknowledgement After the passing of Senate Bill 1020 in 1972 for the licensing of Agricultural Pest Control Advisers in California, it became evident that there was a need for a statewide organization to advocate and support the PCA and Neale McNutt was one of the founding members of CAPCA in 1975 (known at the time as the Council of California Pest Control Advisers). Over the years Neale has been actively involved in CAPCA on many levels including the Plant Doctor program and the Stanley W. Strew Educational Fund. In 2010 Neale received CAPCA’s award for Outstanding Contribution to Agriculture. At the local level, Neale chaired the Ventura Chapter Golf Tournament for 35 years, an event which raises funds for their local scholarship program. Retiring after 56 years in agriculture, Neale still finds it inspiring to see how far CAPCA has come over the years and the benefits it provides for the membership. “It is still exciting to talk to the people involved with CAPCA and the Chapter over the years. I wish to thank the Ventura Chapter for this award and I am honored to receive it,” relates Neale.

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Breakthrough Technology Best grapes in this valley in 20 years – It’s just the best thing I’ve ever seen I think it will not only save us money, but actually make us more For your nearest certified PCA, call or email (888) 788-5807 – info@hctllc.com Registered with NSF 60 for offline use and the California Department of Food & Agriculture - Well-Klean©, WaterSOLV™ and Water Treatment to Agronomy are Trademarks of HCT, LLC

DECEMBER 2019 | CAPCA ADVISER

2020 CAPCA Ed & Chapter Events Please visit www.capca.com/events for registration and event details. DATE

LOCATION

EVENT TITLE

SPONSOR

1/28/2020

Bakersfield

Kern CAPCA Label Update

Kern CAPCA

2/12/2020

Santa Paula

Ventura CPACA CE Meeting

Ventura CAPCA

3/10/2020

Pleasant Hill

SF Bay CAPCA CE Meeting

SF Bay CAPCA

3/26/2020

Atascadero

Central Coast CAPCA CE Meeting

Central Coast CAPCA

4/16/2020

Brawley

Desert Valleys CAPCA CE Meeting/Golf Tournament

Desert Valleys CAPCA

5/7/2020

Pomona

SoCal CAPCA CE Meeting

SoCal CAPCA

5/14/2020

Imperial

Desert Valleys CAPCA CE Meeting

Desert Valleys CAPCA

5/21/2020

San Jose

CAPCA Ed CE Meeting

CAPCA State Office

6/10/2020

Santa Paula

Ventura CAPCA CE Meeting

Ventura CAPCA

6/10/2020

Blythe

Desert Valleys CAPCA CE Meeting

Desert Valleys CAPCA

6/11/2020

Palm Desert

CAPCA Ed/UCANR CE Meeting

CAPCA State Office/UCANR

8/6/2020

La Quinta

Desert Valleys CAPCA CE Meeting

Desert Valleys CAPCA

8/13/2020

Simi Valley

CAPCA Ed CE Meeting

CAPCA State Office

8/20/2020

Atascadero

Central Coast CAPCA CE Meeting

Central Coast CAPCA

9/3/2020

Sacramento

CAPCA Ed CE Meeting

CAPCA State Office

9/9/2020

Santa Paula

Ventura CAPCA CE Meeting

Ventura CAPCA

9/15/2020

Bakersfield

Kern CAPCA CE Meeting

Kern CAPCA

9/17/2020

Modesto

CAPCA Ed CE Meeting

CAPCA State Office

11/5/2020

Imperial

Desert Valleys CAPCA CE Meeting

Desert Valleys CAPCA

CAPCA ADVISER | DECEMBER 2019

CONTINUING EDUCATION 2019 DPR Accredited Course Report

Date 12/3/19 12/3/19 12/3/19 12/4/19 12/4/19 12/10/19 12/10/19 12/11/19 12/11/19 12/11/19 12/13/19 12/18/19 12/18/19 12/18/19 12/19/19

Title E Siskiyou Co Pesticide Use Monthly Update CE Class San Joaquin County Fall CE Meeting Protection of Persons, Animals & Property CAPCA Laws & Reg Seminar PAPA Anaheim North Coast CAPCA CE Meeting Field Inspection Procedures Colusa County Ag Grower Meeting Worker Safety San Joaquin County Fall CE Meeting Bionatural Healing College Pesticide Handler: Instructor Of Trainers San Joaquin County Fall CE Meeting Pesticide Handler: Instructor of Trainers

Location

Sponsor

Contact

Phone

Hrs

Merrill, OR

Siskiyou Co Ag Dept

Orr, Tony

(530)667-5314

Fresno

Fresno Farm Bureau

Jacobsen, Ryan

(559)237-0263

Stockton

San Joaquin Cac

Gill, Jatinder

(209)953-6000

Hanford

Kings Co Ag Dept

Gutierrez, Mario

(559)852-2830

Escondido Anaheim

CAPCA PAPA

Vander Mey, Bryan Guevara, Michelle

(760)715-8083 (831)442-3536

4 7

Rohnert Park

CAPCA

Boer, Michael

(707)489-0656

Hanford

Kings Co Ag Dept

Martinez, Elvis

(559)852-2830

Colusa

Colusa Co Ag Dept

Allen, Anastacia

(530)458-0580

Woodland

Yolo Ag Comm

King, Jenni

(530)666-8140

Stockton

San Joaquin CAC

Gill, Jatinder

(209)953-6000

Pomona

Nadir Sidiqi

Sidiqi, Nadir

(909)568-4150

Oroville

AgSafe

Kiehn, Theresa

(209)526-4400

Stockton

San Joaquin CAC

Gill, Jatinder

(209)953-6000

Oroville

AgSafe

Kiehn, Theresa

(209)526-4400

HOLIDAY HOURS FOR CAPCA STATE OFFICE The CAPCA State Office will be closed from Tuesday, December 24, 2019 through Wednesday, January 1, 2020 in observance of the Christmas & New Years holidays. To allow for processing and mailing, all requests for CE hours printouts must be received no later than 12:00 noon on Monday, December 23, 2019.

DECEMBER 2019 | CAPCA ADVISER

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