SURVEY REPORT ON “DETERMINING TRAINING DEMAND TO SUPPORT INVOLVEMENT, CAPACITY AND DEVELOPMENT OF YOUTH AND YOUTH ORGANIZATIONS”
2020.06.30
CONTENT Page number
SURVEY METHODOLOGY AND STRUCTURE
3-13
1. INFORMATION ABOUT SURVEY RESPONDENTS
14-18
2. YOUTH URGENT PROBLEMS
19-24
3. YOUTH TRAINING DEMANDS
25-31
4. POLICY AND PROGRAMS FOR YOUTH
32-37
5. INVOLVEMENT RATE
38-43
6. YOUTH ORGANIZATIONS
44-52
7. YOUTH LIFE SKILLS
53-56
8. YOUTH VOLUNTEER WORKS
57-61
9. SOURCE OF INFORMATION
62-66
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
67-74
SURVEY SCOPE
Deadline: From May 1, 2020 to June 30, 2020 - 2 months (60 days) Survey goal: Study and evaluate training demands to impact factual contribution to youth development, increase of informative youth involvement and improvement of youth initiatives, capacity and possibilities of youth organizations in Ulaanbaatar city, Bayankhongor, Khentii, Dornogobi and Selenge provinces
Selenge
Khentii 3 districts in UB city
Bayankhongor
Dornogobi
3
СУДАЛГААНЫ ТАЙЛАН
SURVEY METHODOLOGY LAYOUT SURVEY ISSUES (KAP SURVEY)
SURVEY PHASE I Demand for training
Factors to support and to hinder involvement
Program, law, policy documents
Policy, program, investment
SURVEY DATA COLLECTION METHOD
SURVEY PHASE II Questionnaire F2F
FGD, KII – Focus group and Key informant interviews
Studies on policy documents
2020 MMCG. All rights reserved
SURVEY REPORT
SURVEY PHASE III Progress report
Brief report /ppt/
Final report /MS word/
Annexes
DEVELOPING PRE-TRAINING AND POST-TRAINING EVALUATION
SURVEY PHASE IV
METHODOLOGY 4
QUANTITATIVE SURVEY SCOPE AND SAMPLING •
•
As of the end of 2018, number of youth between 15-34 years old in Mongolia is 1,054,143 (34.6% of the population). Number of youth of same age within the project “All for YOUTH and YOUTH for all” or in Ulaanbaatar city and 4 target provinces is 591,519. Of which, 477,249 live in Ulaanbaatar city and 114,270 live in country. Of total, 193,057 people are residing in sampled districts and soums. 480 units (youth) are involved to 95% confidence level and 4.5% error margin survey. As for Ulaanbaatar sampling, one unit or one person aged 15-34 represents 737 young people (average). As for province, one unit or one person represents 127 young people (on average). Youth aged 15-34
No
District, soum
Youth number
Sample size (Neumann)
15-17 years old/adolescents/ Students of 10-12 grades of general schools, TVETs, not studying, unemployed group
Sample size
18-24 years old/juveniles/
25-34 years old/young people/
University Others students, not /Unemployed studying, Sample size , employed, Sample size employed and uneducated unemployed youth/ youth
I 1.1
Ulaanbaatar city Bayanzurkh district
84,730
93
12,576
25
23,651
30
48,503
38
1.2
Sukhbaatar district
32,759
58
5,035
15
9,080
20
18,644
23
Khan-Uul district
41,814 159,303
65 216
5,595 23,206
15 55
9,795 42,526
20 70
26,424 93,571
30 91
7,592
63
1,117
15
1,805
20
4,670
27
7,190
61
1,032
15
1,566
20
4,592
26
8,342
66
1,126
15
1,822
20
5,394
31
10,630
75 264
1,314 4,589
15 60
2,409 7,602
20 80
6,907 21,563
40 124
1.3 Sum II 2.1 III 3.1 IV 4.1 V 5.1 Sum
TOTAL
Khentii province Kherlen soum Selenge province Sukhbaatar soum Dornogobi province Sainshand soum Bayankhongor province Bayankhongor soum
33,754
480
5
QUANTITATIVE SURVEY
68.7
CITIZEN INVOLVED FROM SELECTED SOUM, DISTRICT
N~480 = 495
n=495
CENTERS OF 4 SAMPLES PROVINCES
ULAANBAATAR CITY
216 63
KHENTII
N=193,057
SELENGE
ERROR MARGIN 4.5%
61
DORNOGOBI
66
BAYANKHONGOR
75
YOUTH ARE INVOLVED
DATA PROCESSING
Sample size is 55/45% or ratio 264/216 for provinces and capital city. Survey sample size or number of youth to involve was distributed to selected districts by Neumann balanced distribution method (arithmetic mean of proportional distribution and balanced distribution).
METHOD AND CONTROL OF QUANTITATIVE DATA COLLECTION DATA COLLECTION WORK IS ORGANIZED BASED ON SPECIALIZED RESEARCH PROGRAM . REAL TIME control is important for increasing data correctness and improving daily progress of researchers and improving data quality. The photos show control procedures of survey data collection. Data controllers allocate survey data to pending, approved and rejected status on control panel; the questionnaires in rejected status are considered of poor quality data and not used in further processing.
5%
PERSONALLY MET WITH RESPONDENT YOUTH FOR MONITORING..
30%
REVIEWED AUDIO RECORDINGS OF INTERVIEWS.
50%
RE-CONTACTED RESPONDENTS ON PHONE
RESPONDENTS’ GPS 100% DETERMINED LOCATION
SURVEY DATA COLLECTION WAS ORGANIZED AS 100% FACE-TO-FACE INTERVIEW BY USING TABLETS. SURVEY DATA COLLECTION WORK LASTED BETWEEN MAY 18, 2020-JUNE 12, 2020 FOR 21 DAYS 7
ҮНДЭСНИЙ СУДАЛГААНЫ КОМПАНИ
INTEGRATED SOLUTION OF COLLECTING TRUE AND CORRECT INFORMATION AND PROVIDING REAL TIME CONTROL DATA IS COLLECTED BY USING SPECIALIZED RESEARCH PROGRAM-BASED TABLETS AND COMPUTERS. ADVANTAGES: ALL IN ONE ACTION DATA COLLECTION AND DATA ENTRY
DETERMINES GPS LOCATION – SURVEYED POINTS
INTERVIEWS ARE AUDIO RECORDED
NO MECHANIC ERRORS DUE TO PROGRAMMED LOGIC CORRELATION OF 1 2 3 4 5 QUESTIONNAIRES
EVALUATION BY PERCENTAGE:
MAPPING IS AVAILABLE
3G/4G NETWORK ENABLES ONTIME DATA TRANSFER
RESEARCHERS SAFETY IS PROVIDED
EVALUATION BY 1-5 SCALE SYSTEM:
1
2
High % 1-2 points “BAD” rating
3 3 points “Average” rating
4
5
4-5 points “GOOD” rating
Low % 8
SURVEY RESPONDENT’S SCREENING 15-34 years old or reached the age stated in article 3.1 of Youth development support law Officially registered in sampled province, district /evidenced on the address in national ID card/ Permanently lives at current location/address or has permanently lived for 1 and more years; Agreed to participate in the survey on voluntary basis; Accepted related provisions of ESOMAR Code, international standard of research ethics, and ISO 20252:2019, international standard of market, social and public opinion research including indepth and data analysis
9
ҮНДЭСНИЙ СУДАЛГААНЫ КОМПАНИ
QUALITATIVE SURVEY In order to verify quantitative indicators of training demands among youth and youth organizations by qualitative survey:
FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSION (FGD)
1 FGD 1 FGD
KEY INFORMANT INTERVIEW (KII)
15-17 YEARS OLD
50 KII YOUTH ORGANIZATIONS
18-24 YEARS OLD
31 NGOs, clubs, unions 19 Government organizations
YOUTH BETWEEN 15-34 YEARS OLD
25-34 YEARS OLD
1 FGD
10
ҮНДЭСНИЙ СУДАЛГААНЫ КОМПАНИ
FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSION Under this survey we organized 1 FGD per age group, of total 3 FGDs in Ulaanbaatar city and involved 27 young people. In order to conform the focus group discussion to international standards, eliminate any interferences and identify respondents’ opinions, we organized the discussions in specially equipped rooms.
15-17 AGED FGD
18-24 AGED FGD
25-34 AGED FGD
11
ҮНДЭСНИЙ СУДАЛГААНЫ КОМПАНИ
KEY INFORMANT INTERVIEW/KII/ Key informant interview aims to collect data on current issue from wide scope of representatives of community leaders, experts and others. The key informants with certain knowledge and perception can provide information, solution and recommendation on the nature and cause of the problem. Key informant interviews involved 50 governmental and non-governmental organizations engaged in youth involvement and development, representatives of groups and associations, management, managers and officials in charge of youth issues in 4 target provinces and Ulaanbaatar city. Dornogobi province
Ulaanbaatar city 1 Ministry of Labor and Social Protection 2 Family, Youth and Development Agency 3 Municipal Youth Development Agency 4 Youth Advisory Committee, UNO 5 Association of SME Youth 6 Zorig Foundation 7 Youth Control to Policy NGO 8 LEAD Mongolia NGO 9 Mongolian national Wheelchair Users Association 10 Common Development NGO Bayankhongor province 1 Social Policy Department of Governor’s Office 2 Family, Youth and Development Agency 3 Labor and Welfare Service Agency 4 Youth Development Center 5 Youth Committee 6 Youth Association at the Citizens Representatives Khural 7 Union for Youth Development 8 Photographers Association of Bayankhongor province 9 “Youth Desire Club” 10 Branch of Mongolian Youth Association 11 Obliged Youth NGO 12 Student Association of Baynakhongor province
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
Social Policy Department of Governor’s Office Family, Youth and Development Agency Labor and Welfare Service Agency Youth Development Center Oriental Leader Youth NGO OLY NGO – Volunteer Youth Club Morning Wonder Club Trust, Heart, Approach NGO “Oriental Reflection” Photographers Association Branch of Mongolian Youth Association Women Association Social Democracy Mongolian Youth Federation Student Association of Dornogobi province Blue wind of Gobi NGO Mongolian Family Well-being Association Lifelong Education Center
Selenge province 1 Family, Youth and Development Agency 2 Youth Development Center 3 Beautiful Mind NGO 4 Youth Union of Selenge province NGO 5 Branch of Mongolian Youth Association 6 Sukhbaatar for Development NGO Khentii province 1 Social Policy Department of Governor’s Office 2 Family, Youth and Development Agency 3 Labor and Welfare Service Agency 4 Youth Development Center 5 Youth Committee 6 Khentii Leader Youth NGO
12
ҮНДЭСНИЙ СУДАЛГААНЫ КОМПАНИ
DOCUMENT STUDIES We reviewed the following policy documents, laws and programs in the framework of document studies and conducted stakeholder analysis.
1. Law on Promotion of Youth Development (2017) 2. National Programme on Youth Development (2019) 3. Regulation of Youth Development Subcommittee (2018) 4. Methodology of calculating general youth statistics (2018) 5. Presentation on Human Development of Mongolia (2016) 6. Plan on capacity-building of youth governmental organizations in Mongolia (2014) 7. “Youth in Capital city” sub-programme (2017) 8. Governmental and Governor Action plans (2016-2020) 9. Province and Municipal FYCDA Plans and Reports (2016-2020) 10. UNFPA “Youth Development Programme” (2013-2017) project evaluation and report 11. Сregulation on registering and confirming volunteer works (2019) 12. Youth Development sub-programmes in provinces (2017)
13
1. GENERAL INFORMATION 1.1
AGE AND GENDER STRUCTURE
1.2
EDUCATION
1.3
EMPLOYMENT, SCHOOLING
1.4
HOUSEHOLD INCOME
1.5
FAMILY STATUS, TYPES OF DWELLING
15
PERCENTAGE OF SURVEY RESPONDENTS TO SAMPLING 12%
15%
13%
Selenge
3 districts in UB city
Khentii
48% Bayankhongor
Dornogobi
12%
STRUCTURE OF QUANTITATIVE SURVEY RESPONDENTS PROVINCE/DISTRICT
GENDER
HOUSEHOLD INCOME/MONTHS/
AGE GROUP
up to 600 thousand
MEN
15-17 years old
20%
23% 600 thous - 1 mln
48%
52%
48%
WOMEN
18-24 years old
52%
39%
2%
42%
19%
1%
0.1%
NGO
International organization
10%
Governmental organization
12%
Unemployed
13%
Entreprenure
15%
Student
Private entity
44% Refused to answer
24%
EDUCATIONAL LEVEL
29%
School pupil
18%
Province
EMPLOYMENT
18%
1 mln - 1.5 mln 1.5 mln +
25-34 years old UB city
33%
36%
University education
High school, Vocational
Secondary and lower
16
FAMILY STATUS 66% of the survey respondents are single youth. But, 27% or 1 out of 4 respondents are married, 4% have cohabitants and 2% family status is unclear. 3 out of 4 respondents in Selenge province are single but 1 out of 3 respondents in Bayankhongor province is married. 6.6% of respondents in Dornogobi province have cohabitants and 6.2% of respondents in Khentii province can’t determine their family status.
66%
27%
4% Never married
Married
Cohabitant
2%
0%
0%
Unclear
Divorced/Anulled
Separated 17
TYPES OF DWELLING 54% of respondents live in own apartments and 22% live in houses. Higher percent of young respondents living in Mongolian ger dwelling are in Bayankhongor and Khentii provinces and higher percent of young respondents living in rental apartments are in Ulaanbaatar city and Dornogobi province. 62%
UB Khentii
59%60% 54%
34%
36%
33%31%
Dornogobi Bayankhongor
Selenge Total
30%31%
28% 22%
16%16%
15% 6%
Apartment
House
8% 2%
Mongolian ger Own
16%
14% 2% 2% 2% 1% 1%
Cottage
10% 3% 3% 4%
Apartment
Rental 18
2. URGENT ISSUES 2.1 UNEMPLOYMENT 2.2 INSUFFICIENT WORKPLACES 2.3 INSUFFICIENT CONSULTING SERVICES
THE MOST URGENT ISSUE FOR YOUTH IS UNEMPLOYMENT
According to 30% of the respondents or 1 out of 3 young respondents have urgent issues of unemployment and workplaces. This indicator is the highest in Bayankhongor province and the lowest in Selenge province. According to 17% of the respondents, lack of places to spend free time is the urgent issue. This indicator is higher in Khentii province and Ulaanbaatar city. Therefore, it is necessary to solve the urgent issues with the highest percentages and intensify trainings and consulting services related to these issues.
Unemployment and lack of workplaces Lack of places to spend free time Youth have bad education, obtain poor quality education Youth have bad communication and bureaucratic High consumption of toxic substances as alcohol, cigarettes Youth earn low wages, can’t get their wages Youth are lazy, low involvement Difficult to purchase an apartment suite Difficult to study, high tuition fee Lack of gyms, basketball fields and baskets Strong discrimination Arrogant, abuse each other Libraries are insufficient, no place to read books Family instability, much divorce Youth can’t express their opinions Environmental pollution Insufficient state support for youth Poor environment and green facilities Bad opportunities for self-development Insufficient playgrounds No parks, lack of parks and gardens Poor psychological and sexual education, lack of related trainings Lack of work experiences hinder finding a job Poor finances and financial support to youth Swimming pools
Total
UB
Dornogobi
Selenge
Khentii
30% 17% 9% 8% 7% 6% 5% 4% 4% 4% 3% 3% 3% 3% 2% 2% 2% 2% 2% 1% 1% 1% 0% 0% 0%
30% 17% 13% 8% 4% 5% 4% 6% 4% 2% 3% 3% 1% 3% 3% 3% 3% 3% 2% 1% 1% 1% 0% 0% 0%
30% 16% 3% 7% 8% 10% 7% 0% 5% 7% 5% 3% 5% 2% 3% 3% 2% 3% 0% 0% 2% 0% 2% 0% 0%
22% 16% 5% 3% 7% 3% 7% 0% 3% 5% 2% 0% 3% 3% 2% 2% 0% 0% 2% 2% 0% 0% 2% 0% 0%
27% 21% 6% 8% 19% 6% 6% 3% 3% 5% 5% 3% 3% 2% 3% 2% 3% 2% 3% 2% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
Bayankhong or 36% 15% 5% 13% 5% 5% 1% 7% 3% 5% 1% 4% 4% 4% 0% 1% 0% 0% 3% 1% 1% 1% 0% 0% 1%
20
THE QUALITATIVE SURVEY CONFIRMED THAT UNEMPLOYMENT WORKPLACES ARE THE URGENT ISSUES FOR YOUTH. “Youth have just graduated from university but they are required to HAVE 2-3 years of WORK EXPERIENCES, that is why they can’t get a job. We need a place to practice new graduates in order to reach the level required by employers”. -from FGD of age group 18-24...
“Not every young person is stupid nor every old person is clever. Few people know these words. When I want to get a job, I am rejected because I have NO EXPERIENCES, however, experienced people are not initiative”. - from FGD of age group 15-17...
AND
LACK
OF
“WORKPLACE is difficult problem for youth. No one wants to hire a new graduate but require experience. People like me or who has stayed home for 3-4 years also can’t get a job because we are outdated. So, there is only way to do own business like me. I need a training on how to start a small business, how to write projects. As I observed, education, in particular, family education is vital for youth. Family planning, reproduction education seem to be very important”. - from FGD of age group 25-34...
“I was UNEMPLOYED but has been employed for last 3-4 years. I was so happy to get a job. People usually undervalue their jobs. In my opinion, if you enjoy doing that job without undervaluing as heavy or light, it will be useful for you. It is considered that Mongolian youth are lazy. However, youth express their opinions, started working as well started working hard these days”. - from FGD of age group 25-34...
LACK OF WORKPLACES IN COUNTRY “Youth survey shows that youth consider that there is LACK OF WORKPLACES. Although the survey shows this result, there are workplaces available for youth. If they are initiative and bring us their projects, we have some projects and programs to support the youth. -Family, Youth and Child Development Agency of Khentii province
“Youth encounter many problems. Youth never visit me to discuss about their urgent problems. As a person managing a youth organization, I see much UNEMPLOYMENT. Even they want to work, we have no workplaces. As the result, many young people are addicted to alcohol now”. - Family, Youth and Child Development Agency of Selenge province
“There is a big sector problem like health problem, employment problem and educational problem among youth. Youth want to get high wages. But they can’t reach it. Because of widespread mining, only people called ninjas can find some jobs. They are interested in working as public officers, however, only about 10 vacancies are available a year. Youth have INCOME PROBLEM. There are no large factories, which absorb youth force. Approaches, education and youth income problems are actual problems”. - Family, Youth and Child Development Agency of Bayankhongor province
“The most urgent problem among youth is when young people aged 15-30 want to GET A JOB. After 6 months of employment, there is a selection process. EMPLOYER REQUIREMENTS AND CRITERIA FOR NOMINATES ARE TOO HEAVY. Our organization has been implementing a project on preparing full-time employees to obtain skills for getting a job and skills after getting the job”. -Zorig Foundation
CONSULTATION SERVICES FOR YOUTH ARE THE MOST INSUFFICIENT As for insufficient activities for youth in country, 58% of the respondents mentioned that CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION SERVICES ARE THE MOST INSUFFICIENT. This indicator is the highest in Khentii province. 52% of the respondents or 1 out of 2 youth mentioned that life skills education and trainings are insufficient. This indicator is the highest in Ulaanbaatar city. The highest percent of respondents in Selenge and Khentii provinces mentioned about insufficiency of activities on preventing from violence, in particular, from gender-based violence.
Consultation services for youth Life skills education and training Activities on preventing from violence, in particular, from gender-based violence Library/reading corner Others Activities on sexual and reproductive health for youth and adolescents Many kinds of interest clubs like hiking, singing, dancing, chess, speech craft, etc Activities based on youth initiatives and involvement Activities to support youth from vulnerable group Health activities for youth like fitness, sports, etc
Total
UB
Dornogobi
58% 52%
57% 54%
56% 51%
55% 48%
64% 53%
Baynkhongo r 59% 49%
50%
48%
44%
57%
58%
47%
49% 47%
55% 53%
41% 38%
48% 52%
31% 44%
51% 37%
45%
44%
39%
57%
48%
43%
44%
47%
31%
34%
50%
47%
43% 43% 28%
45% 40% 32%
39% 46% 8%
48% 50% 31%
47% 42% 17%
35% 43% 39%
Selenge Khentii
23
KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS REQUIRED FOR YOUTH “People have bad knowledge about SOFTWARE. Training to provide beginners or basic knowledge would be appreciated. Recently, I saw on internet a training on writing codes for school children addicted to mobile phones, it seemed so useful”. -from FGD of age group 18-24...
“Children like learning from the culture of world countries, therefore, they need to learn FOREIGN LANGUAGES. However, children might approach valueless to free trainings. The training fee must not be high but maybe it has some point or score to reach and if a student reaches it, he can take back his tuition fee, maybe in such case children would be more hardworking”. - from FGD of age group 18-24...
“From social side, youth have poor FINANCIAL EDUCATION. Education system of foreign countries include lessons about banks, finances and loans. The youth, who do businesses, have bad understanding about business loans. Due to bad financial disciplines and poor financial knowledge, they carry out their businesses without any calculations, so it leads to bankruptcy.” - Association of SME youth
Required trainings
1. Software training 2. Foreign language training 3. Financial education 4. Project-writing training
3. TRAINING DEMAND
3.1
KNOWLEDGE ABOUT DEVELOPMENT, CAPACITY AND INVOLVEMENT – 3.2
3.2
HIGH DEMAND FOR LEARNING AND DEVELOPING
3.3
GET INVOLVED TO YOUTH DEVELOPMENT TRAININGS
3.4
ATTEND INTEREST CLUBS, TRAINING ACTIVITIES
LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE ON YOUTH DEVELOPMENT, CAPACITY AND INVOLVEMENT
We measured level of knowledge and perception of youth about development, capacity and involvement: AVERAGE EVALUATION IS 3.2. Youth in Selenge province have the highest level of knowledge (3.3) as well knowledge on development, capacity and involvement is the highest among youth aged 15-17 in Selenge province. As for age group 18-24, the respondents of Khentii and Bayankhongor provinces have high level of knowledge and as for age group 25-34, the respondent of Ulaanbaatar city and Bayankhongor province have high level of knowledge.
3.1 3.1
Total
3.4
3.5 3.2 3.0
3.2
Ulaanbaatar
3.3 2.9
Dornogobi 15-17
18-24
3.4
3.1
3.3
Selenge
3.0
3.2
3.1
Khentii
3.2
3.4
2.8
Bayankhongor
25-34 26
YOUTH HAVE HIGH DEMANDS OF LEARNING,D EVELOPING AND EDUCATING
The survey shows that youth have very high demand for learning, developing and educating. 89.5% of all respondents AIM TO STUDY AT UNIVERSITY, TVET, ATTEND TRAINING COURSES, STUDY ABROAD. 96% of youth aged 15-17 have such demands. Learning demand among youth aged 15-17 is the highest in Dornogobi, Khentii and Bayankhongor provinces, among youth aged 18-24 is the highest in Selenge and Khentii provinces and among youth aged 25-34 in Dornogobi and Khentii provinces.
96%
90%
86%
Total
93% 90%
100% 86%
94%
84%
Ulaanbaatar
18-24
Selenge
100% 85%
80%
Dornogobi 15-17
100% 95% 96%
94% 95%
75%
Khentii
Bayankhongor
25-34 27
3 OUT OF 4 YOUTH WOULD ATTEND YOUTH DEVELOPMENT TRAININGS 73.5% of respondents or 3 out of 4 youth WANT TO ATTEND TRAININGS TO INCREASE YOUTH CAPACITY AND INVOLVEMENT AND TO SUPPORT DEVELOPMENT. 77% of respondents aged 25-34 would like to attend such trainings; this indicator is the highest (93%) in Khentii province. As for age group 15-17, this indicator is the highest (93%) in Bayankhongor province and as for age group 18-24, this indicator is the highest in Dornogobi and Bayankhongor provinces. 93%
71% 71%
77% 69%
79%
76%
84%
64%
60%
55%
Total
Ulaanbaatar
Dornogobi 15-17
75% 77%
18-24
Selenge
67%
73%
Khentii
93% 80%
73%
Bayankhongor
25-34 28
70% OF YOUTH IN ULAANBAATAR CITY WOULD ATTEND TRAININGS The figure below shows percentage of future attendance to trainings on increasing youth capacity and involvement and on supporting development per target zone. It can be seen that WILLINGNESS TO ATTEND IS THE HIGHEST IN KHENTII AND BAYANKHONGOR PROVINCES but the lowest in Ulaanbaatar city and Selenge province.
71% 80% 79%
Selenge
3 districts in UB city
Khentii
70% Bayankhongor
Dornogobi
77%
“I AM EXPECTING MORE PSYCHOLOGICAL TRAININGS. Trainings on family psychology. Newly married couples tend to make mistakes on it. Psychological trainings which help to overcome any fears of doing something would be very useful. Moreover, legal, financial and project trainings are demanded. As I know, USAID Development Solution NGO conducts trainings. It conducts trainings on how to write projects and how to get involved to projects. No other places, which conduct regular trainings for youth”. -Youth union of Selenge province
29
SURELY ATTEND YOUTH INTEREST CLUBS, GROUPS AND TRAINING ACTIVITIES We studied types of activities by youth organization where the youth would like to visit and 66% of respondents would SURELY VISIT INTEREST CLUBS AND GROUPS. This indicator is the highest in Khentii and Bayankhongor provinces, followed by trainings activities (64%), which is the highest in Selenge and Khentii provinces.
66% 64% 61%
67% 67%
65% 64% 59%
55%
61%
52%
39%
73% 69%
71% 69% 62%
56%
71% 65%
59% 55%
52%
59% 55%
43%
40% 30%
33%
34%
18% 10%
Total
10%
Ulaanbaatar
Interest clubs and groups Consulting services
7%
Dornogobi Trainings Library
Selenge
11%
8%
Khentii
Bayankhongor
Spend free time Meetings, science conferences 30
ACTIVITIES TO BE VISITED BY YOUTH | QUALITATIVE SURVEY “I would appreciate if there is PLACE TO MEDIATE us to light works we can afford. There are labor mediation centers for adults but no such places for us. Also, I would appreciate if there is an organization which determines future professions of children. They would recommend more effective professions and guide us”. - from FGD of age group 15-17...
“Projects must focus on youth support. In particular, there are trainings related to startup businesses, however, there are no real and practical results. TRAININGS ON PROJECT-WRITING is very important for youth. There are many employed and unemployed young people. Also there are cases when some people want to do something but can’t write projects. Therefore, trainings on writing projects should be organized regularly”. -Family, Youth and Child development Agency of Khentii province “Youth need TRAINING MODULE ON BAD HABITS. When we talk about alcohol, it turns to alcohol advertisement; when we talk about cigarettes, it turns to cigarette advertisement. So, how can we test it without saying them? According to researchers, if I talk with you about alcohol ten times, an instinct about drinking alcohol and about alcohol poison occurs in your mentality”. - Family, Youth and Child development Agency , Youth Development Agency
“First of all, TRAINING ON DETERMINING GOALS, TIME MANAGEMENT, FINANCIAL ACCURACY, generally, all accuracy trainings are important. It might be digital world accuracy, mental accuracy or financial accuracy. Youth need such trainings very much”. -Youth union of Selenge province
“CIVIL EDUCATION CENTER used to conduct trainings to support youth development, activity and participation. These TRAININGS WERE EFFECTIVE. It must be expanded to involve the mass. They should conduct baseline studies and provide trainings according to the interests, so it can be more effective. We were working on the baseline studies but the executor has a problem, so it hasn’t finished yet”. -Youth development center of Bayankhongor province
4. POLICY, PROGRAM, INVESTMENT 4.1
KNOWLEDGE LEVEL IS THE LOWEST AMONG YOUTH AGED 18-24
4.2
NEVER READ POLICY DOCUMENTS
4.3
NO WORKS AND INVESTMENT TO YOUTH DEVELOPMENT
4.4
ALL PROVINCES AND CAPITAL CITY HAVE SUBPROGRAM ON YOUTH DEVELOPMENT
YOUTH AGED 18-24 HAVE THE LOWEST KNOWLEDGE ABOUT YOUTH POLICY, PROGRAM AND INVESTMENT Although level of knowledge and perception on youth policy, program and investment is 3.1 OR ABOVE AVERAGE, it has the lowest score for age group of 1824. Knowledge level of youth of age group 15-17 is the highest in Dornogobi province and of age group 18-24 is the highest in Selenge province. But, this indicator is high for age group 25-34 in Selenge and Bayankhongor provinces.
3.2
3.3
2.9
3.2
3.3
2.9
3.4
3.4
3.5
3.3 3.2
2.8
3.3
3.03.0
3.4 3.0 2.9
“Although there are programs, BUDGETS AND CAPITAL ISSUES ARE NEVER SOLVED. Plan without budget is never implemented. Our province spends certain amount from funding for social sector to youth projects. We spend about 20 million tugrugs from child protection funds for the youth. We allocate funding from child protection find as follows: 18% for youth, 18% for family and the rest for children”. -Family, Youth and Child Development Agency of Bayankhongor province
“INVESTMENT FOR YOUTH IS INSUFFICIENT. National organization has no own budget to spend for youth development. The law on youth development states about a fund to support youth development. It must carry out its activities through this fund, however, the fund hasn’t been established yet”. - Family, Youth and Child Development Agency, Youth Development Agency
15-17
18-24
25-34 33
NEVER READ POLICY DOCUMENTS FOR YOUTH Only 6% of respondents have read national policy documents for youth. The policy document with the highest percentage is the action plan of municipal and province governors but the policy document with the lowest percentage is “Youth of capital city” sub-program and “Plan on building capacity of state youth organizations in Mongolia”. However, the respondents, who read the youth policy documents, consider the IMPLEMENTATION AS EFFECTIVE. This indicator was high in all provinces and districts. Total
Ulaanbaatar
Dornogobi
Selenge
Khentii
Bayankhongor
Read%
Yields%
Read%
Yields%
Read%
Yields%
Read%
Yields%
Read%
Yields%
Read%
Yields%
16%
73%
7%
56%
26%
94%
16%
67%
30%
74%
24%
72%
7%
67%
8%
61%
7%
25%
5%
100%
8%
100%
8%
67%
7%
94%
5%
92%
7%
100%
3%
50%
16%
100%
9%
100%
4%
76%
3%
67%
2%
100%
7%
50%
9%
100%
5%
75%
Law on youth development, 2017
4%
84%
5%
85%
5%
100%
2%
100%
2%
100%
1%
100%
Plan of capacity building of state youth organizations in Mongolia, 2014
3%
86%
3%
83%
2%
100%
2%
100%
5%
67%
4%
100%
“Youth of capital city” subprogram, 2017
3%
93%
3%
83%
7%
0%
0%
0%
3%
0%
3%
0%
Governor’s Action plan, 20162020 Presentation on Human development in Mongolia, 2016 Plans and reports of FYCDAs of provinces and capital city, 20162020 National program on youth development, 2019
34
NO WORKS AND INVESTMENT FOR YOUTH DEVELOPMENT We asked the respondents to name the largest work and/or investment in their country oriented for youth development. 33% of the respondents or ONE OUT OF THREE said no such works, 43% of respondents in UB city said no such works or investments. 59% of the respondents in Dornogobi province named sport palace, gym and complex, which is the only highest indicator.
No Sport palace, sport gym, sport complex Parks, gardens Playgrounds, play centers Football, basketball fields, baskets Swimming pools Green facilities, trees, street illumination Light streets Cinemas Kindergarten and school buildings, expansion and renovation Scholarships and discounts of tuition fees Libraries, library repairs Apartments, apartment mortgages Fitness and bodybuilding centers Training centers, trainings, learning environment Coffee shops, cafes Bicycle roads Light streets Don’t know
Total
UB
33% 15% 9% 7% 4% 3% 3% 3% 3% 3% 3% 2% 2% 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% 19%
43% 4% 8% 7% 5% 1% 3% 3% 0% 3% 2% 2% 2% 1% 0% 0% 0% 0% 22%
Dornogobi Selenge Khentii 21% 59% 7% 8% 3% 13% 3% 0% 21% 8% 7% 0% 7% 0% 0% 2% 2% 0% 0%
31% 5% 7% 19% 2% 7% 7% 0% 0% 3% 0% 7% 0% 2% 2% 2% 3% 0% 14%
11% 11% 6% 3% 0% 2% 6% 11% 2% 0% 3% 3% 2% 3% 2% 0% 0% 5% 38%
Bayankhon gor 27% 23% 17% 0% 3% 3% 1% 0% 0% 1% 4% 1% 0% 3% 5% 1% 0% 0% 12%
35
“I think they do MAKE INVESTMENT. Our country is small country. So many works have been done to support the youth. For example sport, district championships are organized annually. It is the same for all kinds of sports. It continues to national championship. Maybe state budget is insufficient as we are a small country with more young people”. -from FGD with age group 15-17...
“
“We receive 2 million tugrugs per quarter as operation budget. Our activities have stopped due to the coronavirus, therefore, CURRENTLY WE DON’T RECEIVE THIS MONEY. It is 8 million tugrugs a year. It is just spent to papers and stationery costs. The government provided the vacancy. One center has 3 employees, secretary, employee in charge of training and promotion and an employee in charge of information technology. Although, we receive costs for their salaries, we do not have fixed costs for operation. Therefore, it is insufficient. The law has been endorsed recently, therefore, we hope it would be better soon”. -Family, Young and Child Agency of Khentii province
“
“We declared 25th of each month as YOUTH DAY and we organize events for entities, governmental organizations, parental councils at NGOs and youth and report our works. The Youth development center submits official letters to entities, so everyone wears national clothes on 25th each month”. -Family, Youth and Child Agency of Bayankhongor province
“It seems young people dream about great things. However, young people are all different. Students, babysitters and even single mothers. Fore example, there is no program for such young mothers like me, who is looking after my baby at home. Why don’t we have SPORT CENTER at the khoroo administration? So, I would be able to have time for myself and develop physically. It seems everything starts from small things”. - from FGD with age group 25-34...
ALL PROVINCES AND CAPITAL CITY HAVE YOUTH DEVELOPMENT SUBPROGRAMS All target provinces have own APPROVED SUB-PROGRAMS on youth development and involvement. Dornogobi province finished implementation of “Provincial program on youth development” in 2017, however, it approved two programs on students and youth employment that year, which was very fruitful case.
Provinces, capital
Sub-programs
Date of approval
Ulaanbaatar city
“Youth of capital city” sub-program
2017/11/07
Khentii
“Promoting youth development” sub-program
2018/07/30
Bayankhongor
“Promoting youth development” province program
2018/09/19
“Youth development provincial program”
2014/09/09
“Student workplace” province sub-program
2017/05/10
“Youth with income” Province sub-program
2017/05/10
“Opportunity for youth” province program
2018/06/05
Dornogobi Selenge
“YOUTH SUB-PROGRAM OFFICIALLY STARTED on July 29, 2018. We visited 18 soums, conducted surveys related to youth, identified basic indicators and started organizing planned works since 2019. It was more effective than other provinces. Our province invites over 600 youth on Youth day each August. We organize under certain topics. In December, we award the best youth council, promote their works to the soums and encourage sharing the best practices”. -Family, Youth and Child Agency of Khentii province
We have approved the “Opportunity for youth” program 2 years ago. This program means that our youth would grow and develop by themselves. We ACCUSTOMED THIS PROGRAM TO THE LOCAL FEATURES. Apartment program to support public officers and young families is part of this program. An apartment building for 180 households is going to be put into exploitation this June. The ministry has decided the budget for building Youth park. Of total, 3 billion tugrugs have been budgeted for the period of 2020-2021. We have established several youth centers. There is a youth development center in Saikhan soum. The youth centers in Mandal and Orkhontuul soums were also built under this program. We have one center in Bayangol soum, however, we don’t have vacancy and structure”. - Family, Youth and Child Agency of Selenge province 37
5. INVOLVEMENT RATE 5.1
YOUTH INVOLVEMENT RATE IS INSUFFICIENT
5.2
INVOLVEMENT ON PROVIDING INFORMATION IS THE MOST USED
5.3
STATE SUPPORT, DEMOCRACY AND LEGAL EDUCATION ARE REQUIRED FOR INVOLVEMENT
5.4
THE STATE AND GOVERNMENT SHOULD PROMOTE YOUTH INVOLVEMENT AND DEVELOPMENT
OPINIONS ABOUT YOUTH INVOLVEMENT 55% of respondents evaluated YOUTH INVOLVEMENT RATE of residing country/district as INSUFFICIENT. Before asking this question we read definition of “Youth involvement” as stated in article 4.1.3 of the “Law on Promoting Youth Development”: “Youth involvement” is expressing own opinions on politics, economics and social development at decision-making level as well participating in the process. After that, we determined the involvement rate. The highest percent of respondents in DORNOGOBI province evaluated youth involvement as satisfied but the highest percent of respondents in SELENGE province and ULAANBAATAR CITY evaluated as somewhat satisfied.
Strongly unsatisfied, don’t participate
Somewhat satisfied
Satisfied
Strongly satisfied
Bayankhong
Total
UB
Dornogobi
Selenge
Khentii
11%
14%
6%
4%
14%
11%
44%
46%
35%
54%
41%
41%
34%
31%
43%
32%
32%
39%
11%
9%
17%
11%
14%
9%
or
39
YOUTH INVOLVEMENT RATE “Civil involvement II” project by Ministry of Justice and Internal Affairs and SDC classified civil involvement to the following 5 groups in its survey report on “Analysis to the enforcement of regulations about civil involvement in the laws of Mongolia” conducted in 2018. We measured the involvement rate in target countries according to this classification: INVOLVEMENT OF PROVIDING INFORMATION IS USED THE MOST. (3.1) Moreover, CONTROL INVOLVEMENT IS THE LOWEST (2.0) and DISCUSSION INVOLVEMENT IS AT AVERAGE RATE (2.4).
INVOLVEMENT RATE I
III
II
2.6 ACTIVE INVOLVEMENT
DISCUSSING INVOLVEMENT
2.0
3.1
2.4 PROVIDING INFORMATION INVOLVEMENT
V
IV
CONTROL INVOLVEMENT
2.5 NON-INVOLVEMENT
INVOLVEMENT RATE IS AVERAGE (2.5)
40
YOUTH INVOLVEMENT RATE/ PROVINCES Involvement rate in Dornogobi and Khentii provinces are higher than in other provinces. But, discussing involvement is higher among youth in Selenge province.
3.1 2.6
3.1 2.5
2.4
3.3
2.0
2.6
2.6
2.8
2.7
3.2 2.6
2.3
2.3
3.3
2.0
2.8
2.7 2.4
2.2
2.9
2.7
2.3
2.2
2.4
2.4
2.3
2.4
1.6
Total
Ulaanbaatar
Dornogobi
Selenge
Khentii
Active involvement
Discussing involvement
Information providing involvement
Control involvement
Bayanhongor
41
GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS DON’T SUPPORT YOUTH 46% of respondents consider that STATE ORGANIZATIONS, EMPLOYEES AND MANAGEMENT DON’T SUPPORT, 42% consider that youth DON’T HAVE DEMOCRATIC, GOVERNANCE AND LEGAL EDUCATION. It shows that youth promotion and trainings on democratic education are necessary on the two factors mentioned above, which hinder youth involvement. 52% 46% 42% 39% 37% 31% 31%
46%
52%
42%
38% 35% 31%
36%
33% 33% 28% 28% 25%
42% 41% 34% 31% 29% 29% 22%
34%
38% 36%
40%
43% 43% 43% 32%
27%
16%
Total
Ulaanbaatar
Dornogobi
Selenge
Khentii
Youth don’t have political, democratic and legal education State organizations, employees and management don’t support youth Youth organizations don’t have money Youth involvement is ineffective Youth are passive and don’t cooperate Others
Bayankhongor
42
STATE AND GOVERNMENT MUST SUPPORT YOUTH INVOLVEMENT AND DEVELOPMENT
89% of respondents or 9 out of 10 youth consider that the STATE and GOVERNMENT MUST SUPPORT the youth, youth involvement and development. In particular, this indicator is over 90% in Ulaanbaatar city, Dornogobi and Bayankhongor provinces but the lowest (78%) in Selenge province. 77% of respondents consider that youth must be intensive and active themselves and 66% consider that local administration must support them. 92%
91%
89%
82%
81%
77%
78% 79%
69% 56% 44% 26%
91%
89%
67%
72%
51% 32% 31%
39%
38% 33%
34%
Ulaanbaatar
State and Government
Dornogobi Youth themselves
40%
23%
16%
Total
80%
78% 73%
Selenge Local administration
Khentii Civil community
17%
Bayankhongor Public 43
6. YOUTH ORGANIZATIONS 6.1
NO ORGANIZATION ORGANIZES ACTIVITIES FOR YOUTH
6.2
NO ORGANIZATION WITH ACTIVE YOUTH PARTICIPATION
6.3
51% OF YOUTH NEVER HEARD ABOUT YOUTH DEVELOPMENT CENTER
6.4
YOUTH WHO VISITED YOUTH DEVELOPMENT CENTERS ARE HIGHLY SATISFIED
6.5
STATE YOUTH ORGANIZATIONS WORK BADLY
NO ORGANIZATION ORGANIZES ACTIVITIES FOR YOUTH 45% of respondents said that there is NO ORGANIZATION in target country, district, which carries out activities and provides services for youth. This indicator is the highest in Ulaanbaatar city but the lowest in Khentii province. 6% of respondents mentioned FYCDA but 24% of respondents in Khentii province mentioned this organization. Total
UB
Dornogobi
Selenge
Khentii
Bayanhongor
45%
56%
41%
41%
19%
40%
6%
2%
7%
0%
24%
11%
Mongolian Youth Federation
5%
3%
8%
5%
6%
12%
World Vision
5%
5%
0%
0%
16%
4%
4%
3%
8%
5%
6%
4%
Red Cross Mongolia
2%
1%
2%
0%
6%
5%
Fitness club, swimming pool
2%
3%
3%
3%
0%
0%
Youth development center
2%
0%
7%
0%
10%
0%
Child development center
2%
0%
0%
0%
13%
1%
Public library, library
1%
2%
2%
2%
0%
0%
Coffee shop, Cafe
1%
3%
0%
2%
0%
0%
Young leaders center
1%
0%
0%
0%
0%
5%
Don’t know
5%
5%
0%
10%
5%
3%
No Family, Youth and Child Development Center
Sport palace, sport gym, sport association
45
NO ORGANIZATION WITH ACTIVE PARTICIPATION OF YOUTH We asked the respondents to name the organization they know well and actively participate in activities: 42% of all respondents and 57% of respondents in Dornogobi province said NO such organization. Youth in Khentii province actively participate in the activities of such international organizations as World Vision and Red Cross Mongolia. Total
UB
Dornogobi
Selenge
Khentii
Bayanhongor
No
42%
46%
57%
34%
23%
36%
World Vision
4%
4%
0%
3%
13%
3%
Sport palace, sport organizations
4%
2%
11%
7%
10%
1%
Kindergartens, schools
4%
3%
0%
5%
11%
7%
4%
0%
5%
0%
19%
4%
Red Cross Mongolia
4%
3%
0%
7%
6%
5%
Mongolian Youth Federation
2%
2%
0%
5%
2%
3%
Library, Book group
2%
3%
0%
3%
0%
0%
Hospital, health organization
1%
1%
0%
3%
3%
1%
Police, police organization
1%
0%
0%
3%
5%
1%
Education, training organization
1%
1%
2%
0%
0%
3%
Student association
1%
1%
2%
2%
2%
0%
Young leaders center
1%
0%
0%
0%
0%
4%
Don’t know
11%
11%
0%
17%
15%
12%
Family, Youth and Child Development Agency
46
“I NEVER HEARD about youth organization in our district. I know organizations which work for their profits and interests. I don’t know the organizations which help people”. -from FGD of age group 15-17...
“
“Youth organization is a step to raise career and hold a position for a few young people, therefore, youth might avoid activities by youth organizations. They say that YOUTH ORGANIZATIONS ARE FAKE”. -from FGD of age group 18-24...
“
“I know all the youth organizations. But I NEVER SEE THEM CARRYING OUT ACTIVITIES for youth as well youth participation. Mostly people from vulnerable groups participate in them. Youth work with purpose to add information to their CVs about volunteer works”. - from FGD of age group 15-17...
51% OF YOUTH NEVER HEARD ABOUT YOUTH DEVELOPMENT CENTERS
51% of target local respondents or 1 out of 2 youth NEVER HEARD ABOUT YDCs but 35% or 1 out of 3 youth heard but never get services. Percentage of respondents, who never heard, is the highest in UB city (73%), percent of respondents who heard but never visited is the highest in Khentii, Dornogobi and Bayankhongor province (48%-50%). 73%
51%
49%
50%
48%
48%
41%
40%
35% 22% 6% 5% Total Never heard
2%
20%
2% 2% 1% UB
Heard but never visited
16%
16% 8% 7%
Dornogobi
7%
3%
Selenge
Know, visited but not now
16%16% 3%
0% Khentii
Know, sometimes visit
3%
7%
3%
Bayankhongor Know, regularly visit 48
YOUTH WHO VISITED YDC ARE HIGHLY SATISFIED If a person once visited Youth development center, he has HIGH SATISFACTION TO SERVICES. We studied level of satisfied youth by types of services. Satisfaction of country respondents is high at all indicators except the respondents in Ulaanbaatar city. In particular, respondents are highly satisfied with support group, life skills training activities and library activities. UB Percent of services
Dornogobi
Satisfactio Percent of Satisfacti n services on
Selenge
Khentii
Bayankhongor
Percent of services
Satisfaction
Percent of services
Satisfaction
Percent of services
Satisfaction
Life skills training
6%
71%
25%
80%
19%
82%
27%
94%
15%
82%
Consulting services Support group Interest club activities Mediation services Activities based on youth initiatives and involvement Library/corner
4% 3%
33% 86%
25% 2%
93% 100%
10% 3%
83% 100%
20% 11%
100% 71%
11% 3%
100% 100%
6%
64%
21%
77%
17%
90%
27%
88%
19%
93%
1%
33%
7%
75%
0%
0%
2%
0%
1%
100%
3%
29%
23%
57%
9%
60%
20%
92%
12%
78%
8%
74%
43%
92%
38%
86%
48%
90%
25%
95%
Movie discussion
3%
67%
10%
100%
3%
0%
9%
100%
5%
100%
Others
6%
60%
10%
50%
9%
60%
23%
87%
11%
88%
49
YDC OF DORNOGOBI PROVINCE
“Well-working organization is the YOUTH DEVELOPMENT CENTER OF DORNOGOBI PROVINCE. If youth development center is established in soums, it should support the soum youth to live, work there and support their participation. Recently, we have concluded that it is incorrect to concentrate it in provinces and capital city. As for the capital city, Nalaikh, Bagakhangai and Baganuur districts are working well. Songinokhairkhan and Bayanzurkh districts are working well. The Family and youth development center of Songinokhairkhan district is implementing a project “Thousand youth thousand ideas “”. -Family, Youth and Child Agency, Youth Development Agency
STATE YOUTH ORGANIZATIONS WORK THE WORST Average evaluation of governmental organizations and civil communities to support youth development is 3.0 and ORGANIZATION WITH THE HIGHEST EVALUATION IS THE PARLIAMENT – THE STATE IKH HURAL. According to the respondents of Ulaanbaatar city, Parliament works the best but according to the respondents of Khentii province, it works the works. Evaluation of province, soum, capital city and district governors, YDCs, province and district FYCDAa, policy implementers, which work closely with youth, is 3.0 but evaluation of GOVERNMENT IMPLEMENTING AGENCY FYCDA IS THE LOWEST. In particular, this evaluation is 2.4-2.9 in target provinces.
3.33.4 3.2 3.3 3.2 3.1
Parliament
3.23.3 3.2 3.3 3.1 3.0
Government
Total
3.13.2 3.2 3.2 3.0 3.0
Ministry of Labor and Social Protection UB
3.2 3.13.13.0 3.1 2.9
Others
Dornogobi
3.2 3.2 3.0 2.9 2.5 2.6
Governor
Selenge
3.2 3.1 3.0 3.0 2.8 2.8
Youth communities
3.1 3.1 3.03.02.9 2.7
3.0 3.1 3.0 2.9 2.7 2.5
National and Province, district branch youth FYCCs support councils
Khentii
Bayankhongor
2.9 2.8 2.82.92.8 2.4
FYCDA
51
LOW LEVEL ORGANIZATIONS WORK WELL.
“Khoroo brings us the public services. In my opinion, if ACTIVITIES FOR YOUTH ARE CONCENTRATED AT KHOROO it might reach the people байна”. -from FGD of age group 25-34... “I don’t know what Government has done. Child and youth development center is working well. We don’t know well but they stay in the Hui doloon hudag for 3-4 days during Naadam to provide the children’s safety. They give presents to children on the Sukhbaatar square. District child development agency is doing its work. They are working within their regulations. State organizations are working well”. - from FGD of age group 25-34...
“Since we have the law, it would be appreciated if we have FUND TO PROMOTE YOUTH DEVELOPMENT. We can sponsor the youth to study abroad from the fund. We can start business incubator training and support the youth until their business goes stably. In my opinion, we need independent financial policy. During this government ruling our province has taken decisive measures and has started issuing scholarships to 120-150 young people once a year with the support of local entities and mining companies. We issue up to 100% scholarships depending on the GPA”. -Family, Youth and Child Agency of Bayankhongor province
7. LIFE SKILLS
7.1
1 OUT 3 YOUTH ATTENDED LIFE SKILLS TRAININGS
7.2
YOUTH NEED LIFE SKILLS VERY MUCH
7.3
TRAININGS ON PLANNING, DECISION MAKING AND MANAGING RELATIONS ARE THE MOST DEMANDED
1 OUT OF 3 YOUTH ATTENDED LIFE SKILLS TRAININGS
СУДАЛГААНЫ ТАЙЛАН
It is observed that there is a high demand of life skills trainings among youth, that is FEEL SELF-CONFIDENT, COMMUNICATION, DECISION-MAKING, STRESS MANAGEMENT, PREVENTING FROM VIOLENCE and so on. 37% of respondents have attended such trainings, 52% of respondents in Selenge province and 48% of respondents in Dornogobi province have attended such trainings. The lowest percent is in Ulaanbaatar and Bayankhongor provinces.
52%
48% 39%
Selenge
Dornogobi
Khentii
37%
Total
33%
UB
29%
Bayankhongor
“I think, except youth PUBLIC OFFICERS SHOULD BE INVOLVED TO TRAININGS. I also want to learn. I need a training on how to communicate with youth. I am employed for 3 months now, therefore, I can’t understand how to communicate with youth in more effective way. Currently, I am using the 12 books on life skills, browsing the internet and making video contents. I want someone to teach me these lessons”. -Youth development center of Khentii province
“Life skills training or improving beginners knowledge on COMPUTER APPLICATION, FAMILY PLANNING, FAMILY MANAGEMENT and other trainings are very important and it is necessary to improve youth involvement”. -Desire of disable youth NGO of Bayankhongor province
СУДАЛГААНЫ ТАЙЛАН
1 OUT OF 3 YOUTH ATTENDED LIFE SKILLS TRAININGS
We clarified demands for life skills for youth: OVER 85% STRONGLY DEMANDED. The most demanded life skills are planning, decision-making, and communication management, 85% of respondents demand such skills as preventing from gender-based violation, bad habits and sexually transmitted diseases. Youth in Dornogobi province need decision-making and planning skills, youth in Selenge province need planning skills, youth in Khentii province need decisionmaking and planning skills and youth in Bayankhongor province need communication, contact and thinking skills.
Total
UB
Dornogobi
Selenge
Khentii
Bayankhon gor
Planning
95%
94%
97%
97%
98%
96%
Decision-making
94%
93%
97%
91%
97%
96%
Communication
94%
94%
93%
91%
95%
97%
Contacts
93%
93%
92%
91%
91%
97%
Emotion control
92%
93%
93%
91%
86%
95%
Self-confidence
92%
93%
92%
88%
91%
95%
Stress management
92%
91%
95%
88%
91%
93%
Thinking
91%
92%
87%
90%
86%
97%
Understanding others
91%
91%
90%
91%
88%
95%
Preventing from bad habits
86%
88%
89%
76%
81%
92%
Sexual life:preventing from STDs, HIV/AIDS
85%
84%
90%
84%
81%
89%
Preventing from gender-based violence
85%
86%
90%
81%
75%
91%
СУДАЛГААНЫ ТАЙЛАН
“I need to ATTEND LIFE SKILLS TRAININGS. It is related to the soft skills, which are not taught at school. I need time management, goal management, team working, understanding others minds and understanding others body languages. I need to obtain the skills which are not taught at universities”. -from FGD of age group 18-24...
“
“I mostly stay home. A TRAINING WHICH TEACHES HOW TO COMMUNICATE WITH PEOPLE IS GOOD FOR ME. People talk about IQ, EQ. If IQ is developed but not the EQ, then, it will be difficult to work right at the workplace. I need to learn how to communicate with people and how to make me understand. Everyone has different views and opinions, therefore, I need such training”. -from FGD of age group 18-24...
“
“Activities go on with the participation of youth. Our goal is to CHANGE PSYCHOLOGICAL ATTITUDES of the youth in the society. There are many other things to change as well. The biggest leverage is the attitude. If attitude changes itself, the society will change”. -Sukhbaatar for development NGO of Selenge province
“In my opinion, children become SELF-DISTRUSTED since childhood. Now, some of our peers are abused and suffer from this. Parental education is very important.They must pay attention to the education of their children and develop it since childhood. Maybe learning how to play a musical instrument, or learn dancing. If a child learns something practical since childhood, he will become more and more self-confident as he grows up. Self-confident child can survive anywhere. It is difficult to see that many children are self-distrusted”. -from FGD of age group 18-24 ...
8. VOLUNTEER WORKS
8.1
38% OF YOUTH PARTICIPATED IN VOLUNTEER WORKS
8.2
MOSTLY PARTICIPATED WORKS ARE ENVIRONMENTAL WORKS
8.3
64% OF YOUTH ARE NOT MEMBERS
СУДАЛГААНЫ ТАЙЛАН
38% PARTICIPATED IN VOLUNTEER WORKS
59% of all respondents participated in volunteer works on environmental pollution, climate changes and air pollution mitigation works. Participation of youth in Selenge and Bayankhongor provinces is the highest. The survey shows that activity and participation of youth of Selenge province is high. Total
UB
Dornogobi
Selenge
Khentii
Bayankhongor
Mitigating environmental pollution, climate changes and air pollution
59%
57%
61%
67%
55%
64%
Disaster protection and prevention works
47%
45%
56%
59%
41%
45%
Providing social and emotional support to youth from vulnerable groups, improving social involvement
42%
41%
38%
57%
33%
47%
Socializing careless children, adolescents and youth, supporting welfare and nursing organization to help elders and disabled people
42%
39%
39%
57%
34%
48%
Promote public culture among youth, provide life skills and help them to become responsible citizens
41%
37%
43%
59%
38%
39%
Improving public education, developing traditions, preserving heritages and customs, promoting and advertising them
40%
37%
44%
52%
33%
45%
Support public health, mature healthy habits and routines
38%
33%
46%
52%
31%
40%
Preventing from crimes Maintaining public order
35% 34%
32% 31%
36% 39%
52% 45%
31% 27%
33% 35%
Improving traffic safety
34%
33%
25%
48%
28%
36%
Providing social and emotional supports and services to children, adolescents, youth and citizens as victims of violence
31%
27%
39%
33%
33%
32%
Protecting rights of youth and people, helping them to socialize
30%
24%
36%
45%
28%
31%
Big public events, international and domestic meetings, assemblies, Olympus
27%
29%
26%
38%
22%
17%
СУДАЛГААНЫ ТАЙЛАН
VOLUNTEERS WORKS ARE INCLUDED TO WORK EXPERIENCES – RIGHT DECISION “I attend eco club of our school. I ENCOURAGE THE SCHOOL CHILDREN TO TREE PLANTING, WASTE CLEANING WORKS. Thanks to this club I learnt how to love the mother nature and how to protect the environment. Whenever I see a trash, I put it in a trashbin”. -from FGD of age group 15-17... “I used to do volunteer works in educational sector. I WOULD LIKE TO DO VOLUNTEER WORKS WHICH PROVIDES EDUCATIONAL CONSULTING in order to improve education of local children. But I prefer organizational works rather than just participation. It is because rural and soum children have less opportunities compared to city and urban children. I grew up in rural area. I moved to the city after finishing 7th grade. If a volunteer came to teach English, I wouldn’t waste one year. Own initiation is nice”. -from FGD of age group 18-24... “I AM STILL PARTICIPATING IN VOLUNTEER WORKS ON PLANTING TREES. I realized one thing while I was doing this work. We have poor perception about the environment. People can cooperate only based on unified perception. In my opinion, volunteer work is the work to do based on own trust, beliefs and desire without any interests or profits”. -from FGD of age group 25-34... “It seems very correct that the Youth development law states VOLUNTEER WORKS ARE INCLUDED TO WORK EXPERIENCES. In Korea, the state supports and allocated budget for volunteer works, so such works are more developed and improved. In my opinion, only people who care for others can improve volunteer works to be trusted by others and to create good society”. -Blue Gobi Wind NGO of Dornogobi province
59
СУДАЛГААНЫ ТАЙЛАН
64% OF YOUTH ARE NOT MEMBERS OF ANY ORGANIZATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS 64% of survey respondents or 6 out of 10 youth are NOT MEMBERS OF ANY ORGANIZATION, ASSOCIATION OR CLUB. Most of the member youth are members of various sport clubs as well a number of young people were members of Red Cross Mongolia, child and youth development organization, Mongolian Youth Federation and volunteer health organizations. Total
UB
Dornogobi
Selenge
Khentii
Bayankhongor
Not member of any organization
64%
64%
66%
53%
64%
71%
Sport clubs
8%
7%
7%
17%
10%
0%
Red Cross Mongolia
3%
3%
0%
5%
5%
3%
3%
2%
5%
2%
3%
3%
Mongolian Youth Federation
2%
3%
3%
2%
0%
1%
Health clubs, volunteer organizations
2%
3%
0%
2%
0%
3%
Bodybuilding, fitness centers
1%
3%
0%
2%
0%
0%
Student association
1%
0%
2%
5%
0%
0%
Book groups, book partnerships
1%
2%
0%
0%
0%
1%
Scouts
1%
0%
0%
0%
5%
1%
Child andf youth development organizations
СУДАЛГААНЫ ТАЙЛАН
ENFORCEMENT OF REGULATION ON REGISTERING AND REGULATING VOLUNTEER WORKS IS INSUFFICIENT IN COUNTRY “I am a member of Alfa dance club. Except dances, this club also TEACHES ALL KINDS OF MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS like guitar, piano, drums, etc. I play piano. I am going to learn drums soon. They teach to children who are interested in arts and culture. But, it is paid”. -from FGD of age group 15-17...
“I love reading books, therefore, I dream about RUNNING A FREE LIBRARY in the place where I live. So, I am collecting my books. I am sure I will realize this work”. -from FGD of age group 25-34...
“Youth enjoy volunteering for our organization. Although there is a regulation on how to register and regulate voluntary works, it is still UNCLEAR AND UNCERTAIN HOW TO CREATE IT IN RURAL AREAS. We join people, who participate in volunteer works 3+ times, to our club and give acknowledgments”. -Oriental leader youth NGO of Dornogobi province 61
9. SOURCE OF INFORMATION
9.1
ACTIVE ON YOUTH ADVERTISEMENT GROUPS AND INSTAGRAMM
9.2
SOURCE OF INFORMATION FOR YOUTH IS MOBILE PHONES AND SOCIAL MEDIA
СУДАЛГААНЫ ТАЙЛАН
SOCIAL GROUPS WHERE YOUTH ARE ACTIVE AND INVOLVED
As youth are using social media too much, we clarified in which groups and pages they are active and involved. 11% of respondents are most active in ADVERTISEMENT AND TRADE GROUPS and this indicator is the highest in Khentii province. Next goes INSTAGRAM and this indicator is high in Ulaanbaatar city and Khentii province as well use of family and friend groups are also high in Ulaanbaatar city and Dornogobi province.
Total
UB
Dornogobi
Selenge
Khentii
Bayankhongor
Ads and trade groups
11%
5%
13%
13%
19%
12%
Intsagram
10%
12%
3%
3%
19%
6%
Mothers and women groups
9%
9%
9%
0%
13%
10%
Family and friend groups
8%
11%
13%
10%
4%
4%
Class group
7%
5%
3%
10%
6%
14%
Province group
5%
0%
3%
6%
0%
24%
Youth development group
5%
4%
19%
3%
4%
4%
Online shop, trade group
5%
4%
16%
3%
4%
2%
Sport groups
4%
4%
13%
0%
2%
4%
Care related groups
4%
4%
6%
0%
2%
8%
School groups
4%
1%
6%
3%
6%
6%
Book traders and book lovers groups
4%
4%
6%
6%
0%
4%
Foreign language learners groups
3%
5%
0%
6%
0%
2%
Beautiful women groups
3%
2%
3%
6%
2%
4%
Travellers groups
3%
4%
0%
0%
4%
2%
СУДАЛГААНЫ ТАЙЛАН
SOCIAL GROUP#01 “Although I am in many groups, I do not always enter posts and write comments. Just read. The most frequently visited is “FUNNIEST THINGS HAPPENED TO US” GROUP. My work is very stressful, therefore, I visit this group for stress relief. I am also in Free Fitness group”. -from FGD of age group 25-34... “In our province the most active is MORNING WONDER GROUP. It shows that young women are the most active. Therefore, I always want to share such positiveness to others. Maybe get up early in the morning and meet together or join by interests and meet together in a certain place, we are thinking about such ideas”. -Lifelong learning center of Dornogobi province
СУДАЛГААНЫ ТАЙЛАН
SOURCE AND TOOLS OF INFORMATION OF YOUTH
The main source and tool of information for the respondents include MOBILE PHONES AND SOCIAL MEDIA. 76% of all respondents receive information from these sources and this indicator is the highest in Dornogobi and Bayankhongor provinces. Then goes internet and website (70%) and this indicator is the highest in Selenge and Khentii provinces. 79% 80% 76%
Total
74% 73% 71% 70% 69% 67% 66% 65% 63% 61%
UB
Dornogobi
Selenge
Khentii
Bayankhongor
43% 38% 33% 27%
Mobile phone, social media
Internet
DIGITAL MEDIA
Television
Friends
23% 19% 16% 15% 13% 12% 11% 11% 11% 9% 7% 7% 7% 6%
Family, relatives
Coworkers
Newspaper, magazine
TRADITIONAL MEDIA
5% 3%
5% 5% 3% 3% 2% 3% 2%
FM, radio
Street board
3%
Brochures, books, handouts
2%
3% 3%
Events
1%
3%
District, khoroo, YDC employees
EVENTS, EMPLOYEES
65
СУДАЛГААНЫ ТАЙЛАН
Case: “Involvement of youth to youth organizations is low. It is because INSUFFICIENT INFORMATION, INFORMATION DOESN’T REACH US. These people are just active within own acquantances”. -from FGD of age group 18-24...
Case: “Although the law enforcement is active, the youth does not know about this law. INFORMATION DISTRIBUTION CHANNEL IS PROMOTED INCORRECTLY. Every young person must enter www.legalinfo.mn. No young person had introduced with the national program. In fact, trainings are organization nationwide in the framework of this program. They skip and miss information available in province administration. We try to be the source of this information. For example, when projects are announced, we try to post them on our page or facebook group and leave open for questions and enquiries”. -Youth union of Selenge province
CONCLUSION RECOMMENDATIONS
SURVEY CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS IMPROVE CAPACITY OF YOUTH ORGANIZATIONS • Most governmental organizations CAN’T RUN THEIR ACTIVITIES AT SUFFICIENT LEVEL due to small budget, incapable human resources and management interests and desires. • The survey shows that NGOs SUFFER FROMM FINANCIAL PROBLEMS AND NORMAL OPERATIONS due to the COVID19 and election year as well suffer from lack of opportunities for intensified works. • Although there are many NGOs and youth groups and clubs with legal permissions, they can’t work at successfully due to INSUFFICIENT ENFORCEMENT OF LAWS, NATIONAL AND SUB-PROGRAMS, WEAK INVOLVEMENT OF YOUTH AND LOW OPERATION INCOME. • Hence, it is observed that there is a HIGH DEMAND for improving the capacity of these organizations. Some organizations highly evaluated importance of the training organized in the country.
68
68
SURVEY CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS No
Demands, requirements of trainings and
Expected results and
Survey findings
products
recommendations for improving the capacity of youth and youth organizations
1.
Urgent problem for youth is unemployment
2.
Consulting services for youth is the most
1.
important, therefore, it is necessary to
insufficient 3.
Demand
1
for
trainings
and increase initiatives 4.
There is a high demand among youth to
of youth, youth NGOs,
study, develop and educate.
their
3 out of 4 young people would like to
development, 5.
capacity involvement
MARKET, TEACH LABOR COMMUNICATION, HOW TO
about youth development, capacity and involvement
LEARN FROM WORKPLACE AND SELF-DEVELOP 2.
6.
Youth are willing to visit interest clubs, groups and training activities.
7.
1 out of 3 young people attended life skills trainings.
8.
Youth need life skills urgently.
Organize
all
kinds
of
trainings
for
youth
on
CONSULTATION and LIFE SKILLS EDUCATION 3.
Youth
organizations
must
DEVELOP
AND
IMPLEMENT A PROGRAM ON HOW TO TRAIN
attend youth development trainings.
and
provide
integrated trainings on how to REGISTER AT LABOR
Youth aged 25-34 have more knowledge
and activities to support
Unemployment and workplace issues are the most
AND PRACTICE new and inexperienced employee 4.
Organize awareness-raising trainings on development, capacity and involvement for youth aged 15-24
5.
Youth organizations must intensify interest clubs, groups and training activities
69
SURVEY CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS No
Demands, requirements of trainings and
Expected results and
Survey findings
products
recommendations for improving the capacity of youth and youth organizations
1. Percentage
of
control
and
discussion
involvement is the lowest, therefore, it is
Factors,
which
support and hinder 2
youth
involvement
rate and involvement in target country
1.
Youth involvement rate is insufficient.
necessary to ORGANIZE TRAININGS ON
2.
Providing information is the mostly used
INVOLVEMENT,
youth involvement.
participate in meetings and share own
Youth need state support, democracy and
opinions, how to participate in policy
legal education.
discussions
State and Government should support
concepts, establish civil community and
youth involvement and development.
put control to the state
3.
4.
5.
6.
and
including
polls,
how
to
consolidate
Youth participate in volunteer works in 2. The most demanded training for youth is environmental fields the highest.
the training on democracy, governance
Most of the youth are not members.
and
legal
necessary
education, to
therefore,
DEVELOP
it
is
TRAINING
MODULE
70
SURVEY CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS No
Demands, requirements of trainings and
Expected results and
Survey findings
products
youth and youth organizations 1.
Youth aged 18-24 have the lowest Youth have poor knowledge about youth policy, knowledge
Information policy, 3
recommendations for improving the capacity of
about
about
youth
policy, programs and investment, therefore, they don’t
programs and investment.
programs 2.
policy documents.
youth
There
4.
they
don’t
receive
are
now
ORGANIZE TRAININGS IN THIS FIELD, works
and/or ESPECIALLY,
investments for youth development.
in target country
therefore,
Youth never read and introduce with information. Hence, IT IS NECESSARY TO
and investment for development 3.
participate,
PROGRAMS.
PROMOTING State
THE
organizations
and
SUBcivil
All provinces and the capital city have communities can’t work successfully due to sub-programs on youth development.
financial problems and lack of capacity resources.
71
SURVEY CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS No
Survey findings
products Conclusion difficulties opportunities youth
of
related
employment,
recommendations for improving the capacity of youth and youth organizations
and 1.
recommendations
4
Demands, requirements of trainings and
Expected results and
Absence of organizations, which run activities for youth.
on
1.
Youth don’t participate in youth activities, but if
and 2.
Absence of organization for youth to participate
participate, feel very satisfied, therefore, it is
the
actively.
necessary
51% of the youth never heard about youth
INVOLVEMENT
to 3.
development centers.
doing
2.
to
ORGANIZE
CAMPAIGNS
ON
Youth, who participated in youth development
Youth, who visited youth development centers,
center (YDC) activities, feel very satisfied,
feel highly satisfied.
therefore,
initiatives and business 5.
Youth organizations do the worst works on youth
PROMOTED AND ADVERTISED
based
development.
business
and 4.
developing
various on
the
3.
THEIR
ACTIVITIES
SHOULD
BE
Training information on improving the capacity of
Youth are most active on advertisement groups
youth
and Instagram.
DISSEMINATED VIA SOCIAL MEDIA, INSTAGRAM
other policy documents 7.
Source of information fro youth is mobile phone
AND APPLICATIONS
and this survey
and social media.
Government programmes,
6.
laws,
and
youth
organizations
should
be
72
STAKEHOLDERS ANALYSIS no 1 2 3
4
Project beneficiaries NGOs initiated by youth and NGOs engaged in youth activities Youth and youth from target groups
Project goal Authorize youth and youth NGOs, increase youth involvement in rural areas Support youth initiatives and youth NGOs and support local employment Support youth volunteer works and Volunteer youth and youth initiatives, increase importance of initiatives volunteer works State organizations in charge Increase youth involvement in rural areas through strengthening the of youth issues, local partnership with local authorities authorities
Interest
Impact
Resource
High
High
Low
High
High
High
Medium
High
High
Medium
Low
Low
Results of document studies
73
Д Ү Г Н Э ЛТ/ З ӨВ ЛӨМ Ж
Д Э Л Г ЭРЭН ГҮ Й Ү Р Д Ү Н
С У Д А Л ГААН Ы А Р Г АЧЛ АЛ
TRAININGS AND ACTIVITIES DEMANDED FOR YOUTH AND YOUTH ORGANIZATIONS
СУДАЛГААНЫ ТАЙЛАН
YOUTH
YOUTH ORGANIZATIONS
1
Register at labor market, train labor relations, prepare for starting a job, write projects and CVs
Training and practicing new and inexperienced employee, develop program on project writing, conduct trainings, mediate to jobs
2
All kinds of consulting services /change attitudes, psychological consultations /
Intensify interest club, group and training activities /foreign language, software, financial education, etc /
3
Trainings on providing life skills education /communication, protecting from bad habits, time management, family planning, stress management, planning, decision making/
4
Trainings on providing knowledge on democratic values, governance, human rights and legislature
5
How to put control to state activities and involvement trainings on how to discuss on behalf of own rights and interests
Х А В С Р АЛ Т
6
7
Awareness raising trainings program, law and investment
on
policy,
Information literacy and information processing trainings due to high consumption of social media
Work step by step on reducing financial and resource shortages of civil communities, clubs and unions YDCs should cooperate with local civil communities, promote and advertise own activities, improve governance of civil communities
Party and state youth organizations have the worst reputation, therefore, youth must support own initiatives and create a network Follow the regulation to include youth volunteer works to work experiences, organize volunteer social works
74
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION