Urban Landscape by Carley Friesen

This gives a special introduction to the city with a view and experience of the natural landscape and the urban landscape.

Plan View - Landskrona and Area

The proposal for the Öresund and for Landskrona, outlined a spatial plan where the region was allowed to be monocentric on the Danish side, and to strengthen the polycentricity of the Swedish side, in order to respect the small town quality of life. The proposal also detailed how the open and public coastline in Sweden is a valuable natural and recreational asset and should remain open to the public, with more development occurring outside of an angle of coastline, and leaving vast stretches of natural landscape leading inland from the coast. The vision realizes two distinct 'paces' in the region. One is the urban pace, and the other is the small town pace. Both of these characters add specific qualities to the region, and therefor, both are desired and seek to be maintained and strengthened. The region is seeing more growth from movement within itself to larger Park Patches : Functional cities, than it is growing from Places the outside. This new spread of people means challenges for the urban environments. The This designinner seeks to parks create are an urban environment considers current city arranged in a layoutwhich similer to the the field landscape andsurrounding creates a lifestyle suitable day-to-day andwell within thefunction larger patternfirst, found Landskrona. This pattern, as as the regional believe that the needs current the residents, and context. interest ofThis theproposal parks can be enhanced by of theming parks and with the improvement of their quality of life through job creation and integration is planing related to the municiple feilds. the most important place to begin. The city should respect current inhabitants before expending energy on attraction through expensive infrastructures. This proposal created a connection between the urban environment and the landscape, and provides an urban green which is productive. This productive urban green, in turn, aids the city in its urban infrastructure growth.

Plan View - Öresund Region Vision

Plan View - New Site for DSV

Park Patches : Functional Places

The current inner city parks are arranged in a layout similer to the field pattern found surrounding Landskrona. This pattern, as well as the function LAND Fig.3 MalmÖ and interest of the parks can be enhanced by theming the parks with This design proposes both a public transit and a green link leading to the new planing related to the municiple feilds. area. In He 4. Residential development on the east side of the tracks creates one (altho more physical barrier for the residents of Landskrona city. This train tracks as Fig.1 Landskrona Agriculture

The first step for this proposal was to find a new location for the proposed DSV. Analysis has revealed that because of the nature of the previous use of the land, the soil remains some of the richest and highest grade soil for agriculture. This investment will be exploited, and the land will remain as agricultural in function. The land is also valuable to the cultural landscape, and the views from the station. The new location is in the existing industrial area which is in a southern CORRIDOR - PATCH : The creation of district of Landskrona. The location maintains contact with the E6 highway (a Urban Fabric criteria for the proper function of the DSV). This location is seen as strategic for four main reasons. The strong urban fabric combines the densepromotes strip with pockets of activity of the industrial 1. The new location further re-development alongmany the way. The path isinfrastructures. The direct and area which currently contains un-functioning location on Vebulls land would inhibit growth around DSV, as Landskrona attempts easily navigable, withthe opportunities to to limit sprawl. step into patches of varying functions withinprovides the city access to three forms of transportation, 2. The new location motor, water, and train. This is seen as strategic as the future of goods transport using fossil fuels is uncertain. 3. Commuters from MalmÖ and Helsingborg who continue working for DSV will have the same time commute from Landskrona station to the new DSV site as both locations lie approximately the same distance from the station.

CORRIDOR - PATCH : The creation of Urban Fabric

LANDSCAPE STREET - ACTIVE : The Helsingbo a barrier is a problem common in Skane- and we are now in FACADES a position to ensure this does not become a part of the social segregation in Landskrona. In Helsingborg you are welcomed to the city by a pathw The next step was to find a use the agricultural could benefit (although thefortraffic is too fast)land and that the coastal landscape v current residents while at the same time create a strong personal identity for Landskrona within the region. is for municipality owned In Malmo,The theproposal board walk is ana exciting path with landscap agricultural cooperative. (This model can be found in agricultural communities the other. in North America). An agricultural Cooperative would mean that Landskrona residents have the ability to purchase shares within the business. At the end of This gives a special introduction to the city with a view an the agricultural season, shareholders are given percentages of the profit. These reference images connection of the urban realm to the and theshow urbana landscape. landscape, in this case, water. This proposal sees the cultural and growing landscape of agriculture and significant to Landskrona and its inhabitants. It is believed that Landskrona currently has a great deal of 'green space' within the city, mostly comprised of large park areas. There are other criteria for green space within a city that need to be considered, such as serene spaces, productive landscapes, and landscapes for learning.

In Ma the ot

This g

and th

Fig.2 Landskrona Agriculture

LANDSKRONA URBAN AND GROWING LANDSCAPES :

CONNECTING EXISTING WITH INFRASTRUCTURE Carley Friesen - Lund University - Masters Sustainable Urban Design May 2009

The strong urban fabric combines the dense strip with pockets of activity along the way. The path is direct and easily navigable, with opportunities to step into patches of varying functions

Fig. 4 Landskrona

within the city.

1/6 : THE ÖRESUND REGION

Field Corridors : The Learning Exp

The N-S oriented strips of pl

Open blocks

Existing City Typical block structure

PHASE 4

New Intersection (Connecting Existing to Proposed City)

PHASE 3

Agricultural area Local Market area

Agricultural Landscape Feature (Urban Ag) PHASE 2

Underpass to Field

Plan View - Proposed 1:2000

Existing Agriculture (Proposed Agriculture Cooperative

PHASE 1 The design proposal will detail how this new infrastructure, combined with a link to the new DSV, residential growth for 4000+ inhabitants, and a link from the station to the city centre will all be established. The key is that infrastructure can be used to create strong connections between urban growing landscapes, and to create a strong connection between new and existing infrastructures. This project will uses the orientation of the new development (its street patterns) to lead to areas of Landskrona which are believed to be strategic points in Landskrona which require restructuring of the urban landscape and emphasis on small-scale commercial development. The new project, therefore, will not rob from the rest of the city, but rather, lend orientation and emphasis to the existing city. The project makes a feature of the city, rather than becoming a feature in and of itself. This can be seen in the S-W path leading from the market to the inner-city area and the creation of new intersections which allow users to travel freely between the new area and the existing neighbourhoods. Infrastructure which relates to the agricultural function which is now a part of the city is another important design quality. A landscape infrastructure will be introduced so that the agricultural process laying outside the city, can be understood from within the urban places. This landscape component will be used to form urban spaces, similar to the use of canals in Amsterdam. The streets on either side of agricultural inserts remain narrow, while the central feature (in Amsterdam the canal, in Landskrona the growing area) actually widens the total street area. This landscape feature is used for learning about agriculture as well. Various types of horticultural plants and crops will be planted here throughout the year, and can be used to teach people more about agriculture, while making the plants accessible to all people with paved streets, signage, etc. The option to travel through the agricultural fields is still made possible by the underpass of the train rails. The design proposal includes a small public meeting and resting point on the agricultural land, which opens up to trails leading through the field to the wider surrounding landscape. The path is minimal to allow the agriculture to be as productive as possible according to the allowances of the natural landscape.

P1- Main Street (Looking North)

LANDSKRONA URBAN AND GROWING LANDSCAPES :

CONNECTING EXISTING WITH INFRASTRUCTURE

2/6 : LANDSKRONA PLAN

1.5

1.2

Vegetables Grasses

The re-siting of the DSV combined with the use of Weibulls land as an agricultural cooperative will introduce two major points of growth for Landskrona. The agricultural cooperative will result in the need for supportive infrastructure throughout Landskrona. This includes, markets, storehouses, food processors (bakeries, canneries, etc), compost sites, educational facilitates, equipment storage, as well as spin-off infrastructure such as restaurants, and small shops. This area hopes to be a showcase of a desirable, yet dense, urban landscape. The design uses both low-rise, dense strip development, in combination with landscape features realized as strips of agricultural land giving space between buildings. This agricultural strips are seen as being more ecologically and productively functional than a regular green boulevard, and use the historical and cultural existing landscape. They do not add an addition 'landscape' layer, but rather allow the existing landscape to remain exposed despite the addition of urban construction. The land proposed for development is a part of a field. The idea is that the land is already filled up, with the use of the soil for growing as the primary function. This design simply adds two layers; building and street. The agricultural function is allowed to remain, become more publicly accessible, and aids in the creation of a dense urban environment with high-quality environmental conditions. The landscape features, in some cases, run along every second 'street' creating an open area, dedicated to agricultural or horticultural production. This BLOCK STRUCTURE project believes that the other criteria for open space have already been met              in Landskrona, and that ecological and productive landscapes not  been       have      realized within the city parks. The new landscape features are also very accessible to urban residents. Groups, such as school children, can come to the area and in a relatively short walk, they can experience a variety of plants and growing methods. URBAN LANDSCAPE

AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPE

Flowers Landscape Example 3

- existing soil - ground level - used for high growing crops and hearty plants

- existing soil - raised level - used for lower growing and sensitive plants - used on busier streets

- existing soil or added soil - varied levels - used for vegetables and small plants - can be used by residents AR ST ED RE SP ET AC E

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M I BU XED IL U DI SE NG

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 W AY

Landscape Example 2

PA TH

Landscape Example 1

 UN SP -BU AC ILT E

1.5

Proposed Site of New Development

Proposed Block Structure

There are main benefits to the new urban landscape and agricultural cooperative 1. Community members gain interest in the agricultural community surrounding their city. They begin to take interest in things like seed prices and growing conditions and in turn have a greater connection with the cultural agricultural landscape. 2. Businesses in Landskrona can base themselves around selling or using Landskrona brand products as part of their retail. For example, a restaurant can advertise the use of Landskrona fruit deserts, a bakery can advertise Landskrona bread, etc. 3. Jobs will be generated through this new business. Business ownership is a positive job typology for new residents in the city, and jobs surrounding food and food production and processing create skilled workers. This project uses branding to create an identity for Landskrona. The brand is a part of the design proposal for the city and can be used to attract visitors, and generate interest around the Öresund region about Landskrona city. By branding the city, current residents can benefit, and new residents will be attracted by resources which are true to the city structure.

S2 Section - Main Street 1:500

Agricultural Business and Urban Landscape

LANDSKRONA URBAN AND GROWING LANDSCAPES :

CONNECTING EXISTING WITH INFRASTRUCTURE

Agricultural Business and Urban Landscape

3/6 : AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPE

Landscape becomes a symbol of entering Landskrona, and combines with a dense urban area

Existing buildings are incorporated into design scheme

New buildings and landscape features combine to densify the station area, and lead to the new district

Proposed open market is a multidirectional building, allowing commerce to occur both along a hallway within and around the outside

Route from existing city to station area opens to go around the market, or to connect into the existing traffic route

D1 Plan View - Station Area 1:500

S1 Section - Station Area 1:500

Main street branches to travel both directions around the proposed market

Strong, southwest direction is established with building direction, street line and paving and leads into the existing city. One level of shared space street with different paving types to create distinctions between uses

More formal than the landscape features, the features around the market signify the agricultural meaning of the market D1 Plan Detail- Station Area 1:100

LANDSKRONA URBAN AND GROWING LANDSCAPES :

CONNECTING EXISTING WITH INFRASTRUCTURE

S1 Section - Station Area 1:100

4/6 : PROPOSED STATION AREA

Larger scale builders and small scale builders are accomodated in different blocks to create a mix

A new street which turns off of the existing ring road Narrow 'close' passages give a unique experience; opening to the urban agriculture

Public boardwalk along the edge of the existing field Residential streets without through access end in green boulevards, allowing pedestrians to move through freely D2 Plan View- Main Streets 1:500

Main Street (looking to field east) Streets with a higher degree of residential are the most narrow, with on street parking and typical urban plantings

One level of shared space street with different paving types to create distinctions between uses

Buildings have one level setbacks to allow more light into the narrow street

Passage narrows to signify pedestrian use only

Built form narrows the street at landscape features to minimize their large scale Main Street (looking to station)

LANDSKRONA URBAN AND GROWING LANDSCAPES :

CONNECTING EXISTING WITH INFRASTRUCTURE

D2 Plan Detail- Main Street 1:100

S2 Section - Main Street 1:100

5/6 : PROPOSED NEIGHBOURHOOD

Model - Building types and density

Residential Infrastructure   (Mixed  level Grade   entries)

Commercial Infrastructure (Mixed)

Agricultural Function

Agriculture Business Infrastructure (Part Mixed)

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     



Residential Infrastructure (Mixed Grade level entries)

New Main Intersection (Mixed traffic) 















The density of the area is around 75-125 units per hectare. The typology is low-rise, high density dwellings, as found in the city of Amsterdam (Fig.1).  The density of one block has been describe using the SpaceMate Density Calculator and has produced the following variables GSI = 0.54 FSI = 2.19 OSF = 0.20 L = 4.00 These dwellings lay in a new block typology which consists of block-streetblock-landscape. Connecting these blocks area a series of passages (Fig.2) called, 'closes.' These narrow passages only allow pedestrians through (not wide enough for a car).

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The buildings of the area are mixed use, and all have grade level entries allowing residence buildings to convert first floors into shops when necessary. The area allows both large scale apartment buildings (M1) and smaller scale, multifamily row housing (M2).

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The streets of the area are also mixed use. There are three proposed turnoffs from the ring-road (M3), and two cross-overs from the existing neighbourhood to the new area (M4). These new cross-overs create a new main intersection of the proposed and existing neighbourhood (M5). This intersection is proposed as a lively place, with mixed traffic and building types. A high amount of commercial use on the corners brings activity to the street edge, attracting passersby to the city. The intersection is proposed as a free, shared-space intersection as described by the Dutch traffic engineer, Monderman (Fig.3)

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STREET HIERARCHIES

GREEN SPACE QUALITIES 1. Productive 2. Semi-Productive 3. Recreational

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PACE WITHIN THE NEIGHBOURHOODS

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 1. Intense (Mixed, Through Traffic)   1. High Pace (Strip)  2. Medium (Mixed, Mixed Traffic)  2. Lower Pace (Block)  3. Low (Residential Traffic)  

Walking Biking

Vehicles Playing

Parking

Walking Biking

Walking Biking Sitting

Vehicles

Walking Biking

Vehicles Tram

STREET TYPOLOGIES

Fig. 1 Amsterdam

1. Main Through Route (11m-16m)

2. Collector Street (8m-12m)

3. Residential Street (6m-8m)

4. Pathways and Closes (1.5m-4m)

Fig. 2 Edinburgh

Fig. 4 MalmÖ

Fig. 3 Shared Intersection by Monderman

This area will be a showcase of a desirable, yet dense, urban landscape. The design uses both low-rise, dense strip development, in combination with landscape features realized as strips of agricultural land giving space between buildings. This agricultural strips are seen as being more ecologically and productively functional than a regular green boulevard, and use the historical and cultural existing landscape. They do not add an addition 'landscape' layer, but rather allow the existing landscape to remain exposed despite the addition of urban construction.

The area fulfills the main design intentions:

1. Creating a new program with the agricultural landscape, which is economically viable, and creates 'spin-off' effects. 2. Using infrastructure to connect the station area to the existing city. P2- Main Intersection (Looking East)

LANDSKRONA URBAN AND GROWING LANDSCAPES :

CONNECTING EXISTING WITH INFRASTRUCTURE

3. Beginning with landscape for the urban design. 4. Creating safe and usable urban environments for all people.

6/6 : PROPOSED OVERALL PLAN