Carmelo Marchese
26 September 2017
MONGOLIAN ENGLISH LESSON 13
Mongolian vs English Question words In English we can build a question mainly according to the following schema:
1)
Verbs “to be” and “to have”: inverting the order of the words like: Are you well? Have you a pen? That in Mongolian can be translated as: Чи зүгээр үү? (are you ok?) танд үзэг бий юу? Where үзэг -> it means “ pen”, танд->You бий юу-> litterally what there is?
In Mongolian we encounter үү and юу to render the question word
2)
Most of the other verbs not modal using the auxiliary: to do for example such in
Do you go to school by bus?-> Та сургуульд автобусаар явдаг уу?
Again in Mongolian we have the question mark “уу”
School -> сургууль
Mongolian - English lesson
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Carmelo Marchese
3)
26 September 2017
Modal verbs like in
Can You speak English? чи англиар ярьж чадах уу where ярьж -> is the speaking part and чадах -> the modal verb can
May I ask your opinion please? -> Би таны саналыг асууж болох уу?
таны -> your
саналыг -> opinion/proposal
асууж -> asked
болох -> it is one of possible translation of the modal verb may, asking permission for something, but also an auxiliary verb
But modal verbs are always complicated to translate because in translating that the difference of cultures shows up.
4)
Using particles like How, What, When, Who, Why, Where,etc for these refer to the basic words below
Basic Words HELLO
САЙН УУ
SAIN UU
YES
тийм
Tiim
NO
Үгүй
Ugui
WHEN?
хэзээ?
Kezee?
WHO ?
хэн
Ken?
HOW
Хэрхэн
Kerken
WHAT?
юу вэ?
IUU VE?
HELLO
Сайн байна уу
Sain Bains uu
HOW ARE YOU?
Юу байна?
Iuu Baina?
PLEASE
Гуйж байна
Guij baina
YOU ARE WELCOME
Зүгээр зүгээр
Zugeer Zugeer
GOOD BYE
Баяртай
Bayartai
TO BE
байх
Baik
Mongolian - English lesson
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Carmelo Marchese
26 September 2017
HELLO
САЙН УУ
SAIN UU
I AM FINE
Би зүгээр байна
Bi Zugeer beinah
DO YOU SPEAK ENGLISH?
Чи Англиар ярьдаг уу?
Chi Angliar Iardag uu?
WHERE DO YOU WORK?
Та хаана ажилладаг вэ?
Ta kaana ajilladag Ve?
Underlined the Where word
References https://www.researchgate.net/publication/ 238734697_THE_FUNCTION_OF_ACCUSATIVE_CASE_IN_MONGOLIAN_1
Dolgor Guntsetseg 2.98 Institution
Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich Department
Department of Finno-Ugric Studies
Mongolian - English lesson
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