POR FOLO CARSON ALEXANDER DRAIN
ARCITECTURAL
T U DELF T ( T HE NET HER LANDS) CHRISTCHURCH POLYTECHNIC (NEW ZEALAND)
Letter of Motivation. I believe architecture should have life . It should be empathetic towards the cultural values of a c o m m u n i t y, y e t c h a l l e n g e w h a t i s c o n v e n t i o n a l i n o r d e r t o p r o g r e s s a n d b e t t e r a s o c i e t y. I t s h o u l d a d d r e s s t h e changing lifestyles of the new millennial and interact with the beliefs of the past. This is my philosophy that I have striven to adhere to during my architectural studies. The concept of fluidity; that is being able to change and adapt to the social circumstance and immediate environment. This is also a motivator for wanting to travel over seas to study and wor k, gaining a new perspective on design and living environments that are are half a world apar t from New Zealand, and how to adapt and proffer new ideas and influences.
As indicated, I am passionate about renewable, sustainable architecture . I believe that architecture should have the ability to adapt and grow as an organisation or entity changes, reforming the consumerist and throwaway attitude o f o u r s o c i e t y. I ’ m i n t e r e s t e d i n h o w t h i s p h i l o s o p h y a p p l i e s in extreme environments where often the built environments a r e v e r n a c u l a r, c o n s t r u c t e d w i t h l o c a l c r a f t s m a n s h i p a n d technology; and also investigating how architecture can be progress with the integration of outsourced technologies a n d p h i l o s o p h y, w h i l e s t i l l r e s p e c t i n g a n t h r o p o l o g i c a l v a l u e s . I have enclosed my application as per your recommendations and I thank your for the oppor tunity to progress in my chosen career field.
Carson Drain
NDEX K H U M J U N G V I L L AG E SCHOOL
P A V I L L I O N B U S I N E S S H U B
C O N T E R M P O R Y A R T G A L L L E R Y
F L O A T I N G S T A R T - U P
M O D U L A R AC C O M M O DAT I O N
KHUMJUNG 2016 august; third year
K H U M J U N G , N E PA L
Khumjung Vllage School (Alt 3970m)
N E PA L
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Khumjung School N E PA L (alt. 4000m) built 1961 by S i r E d m u n d H i l l a r y, s u f f e r e d in the 2015 Nepalese ear thquake. The proposal is to take an established facility that has been integrated and accepted by the village c o m m u n i t y, a n d d e s i g n a replacement primar y and secondar y school for the 2000 inhabitants.
H I G H A LT I T U D E
I N AC C E S S A B L E T E R R A I NCASTE
I S O L AT E D
E X T R E M E C L I M AT E
SYSTEM
S E I S M I C AC T I V I T Y RELIGIOUS DIFFERENCES S A N I T AT I O N
N O H E AT I N G P R O V I S I O N
L I M I T E D N AT U R A L R E S O U R C E S
POLITICS
PRIMITIVE CONSTRUCTION LOW SOCIOECONOMIC
f r e e h a n d s k e t c h o f S i r E d m u n d P e r c i v a l H i l l a r y. 1 9 1 9 - 2 0 0 8
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Mt Everest 8550m
Cho Oyu 8188m
Lhotse 8501m
Ama Dablam 6812m
Khumbila 5751m
Khumjung Village
Khumbila 5751m
Khumjung School
Khumbila 5751m
Khumjung Village 3970m
Khumbila 5751m
Ama Dablam 6812m
Khumjung Village
f r e e h a n d D R AW I N G S O F T H E K H U M J U N G E N V I RO N M E N T
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Himalayan school design wins architectural award 16 Nov 2016
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A design for a Nepalese school originally established by Sir Edmund Hillary won third year Bachelor of Architectural Studies student Carson Drain the inaugural sustainability award recently. Bachelor of Architectural Studies student Carson Drain the inaugural Jasmax sustainability award with this design for a school in the Himalaya, originally built by Sir Edmund Hilary.
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The award was established by Jasmax who will sponsor it for five years. Drain’s design for the challenging project was informed by his love of humanitarian work. “Originally the site was the first school that Sir Edmund Hillary built in 1961. He built a collection of them as part of the Himalayan Trust and this was the first one I looked at. I talked to my grandfather and it turns out he knew the guy who was running the school, Jim Strang, who is teaching the Nepalese teachers how to teach the New Zealand curriculum.” Drain interviewed Strang, including the interview as part of his exhibit in the EXIT end of year show, along with a model of the school and concept plans. The concept design shows the inaccessibility of the school, high in the Himalayan sherpa village of Khumjung. Social sustainability was a strong focus of the design. The site also demanded this – at 4000m, four to five days walk from the nearest road, the project demanded collaboration, reuse of materials and sensitivity to the social fabric of Khumjung Village, essentially a Sherpa village, with a mix of wealth and poverty and different religious views. Bachelor of Architectural Studies student Carson Drain the inaugural Jasmax sustainability award with this design for aitschool in the Himalaya, builtnearby by Sirbut Edmund “Everything you bring, has to be carried in. They originally have an airfield it's onlyHilary. for light materials. So I've http://www.ara.ac.nz/news-and-events/news/himalayan-school-design-wins-architectural-award got different aspects of the community coming together to create something that is owned and operated by the community. The award was established by Jasmax who will sponsor it for five years.
The concept design shows the inaccessibility of the school, high in the Himalayan sherpa village Khumjung.
Social sustainability was a strong focus of the design. The site also demanded this – at 4000m, four to five da walk from the nearest road, the project demanded collaboration, reuse of materials and sensitivity to the soci fabric of Khumjung Village, essentially a Sherpa village, with a mix of wealth and poverty and different religiou views.
“Everything you bring, it has to be carried in. They have an airfield nearby but it's only for light materials. So I'v got different aspects of the community coming together to create something that is owned and operated by community.
Page 1 of have 3 to bring them up. Then how the men wou “For example the materials they've got out there, the sherpas able to assemble the design, the children and the elderly would be able to help create the structure and the women would be able to weave the panels for the internal spaces.”
“For example they'veproject got outwas there, the sherpas to humanitarian bring them up. Then how the men would be Drain’s designthe for materials the challenging informed by his have love of work. able to assemble the design, the children and the elderly would be able to help create the structure and the women would be able to weave the panels forEdmund the internal spaces.” “Originally the site was the first school that Sir Hillary built in 1961. He built a collection of them as part of the Himalayan Trust and this was the first one I looked at. I talked to my grandfather and it turns out he knew the guy who was running the school, Jim Strang, who is teaching the Nepalese teachers how to teach the New Zealand curriculum.” Drain interviewed Strang, including the interview as part of his exhibit in the EXIT end of year show, along with a model of the school and concept plans.
http://www.ara.ac.nz/news-and-events/news/himalayan-school-design-wins-architectural-award
Page 1 of 3
Drain's design maximises solar gain to capture the sun's warmth as there are no resources availa for heating the buildings.
The current school is a traditional bricks and mortar building that has been partially destroyed by earthquakes “They predicted that due to the Himalayan fault, there will likely be another earthquake in 10 years, so that is influence into my design, how to seismically protect it.”
Drain's design maximises solar gain to capture the sun's warmth as there are no resources available for heating the buildings. The current school is a traditional bricks and mortar building that has been partially destroyed by earthquakes. “They predicted that due to the Himalayan fault, there will likely be another earthquake in 10 years, so that is an influence into my design, how to seismically protect it.”
To do this, Drain used the concept of a Gabion basket; a steel basket that holds rubble and stone and has mo flexibility than traditional building methods. Also improving on traditional design, Drain would open the buildin the south to make the most of solar gain and capture heat. In the resource-challenged villages, warm building are given a low priority, but with good design the children could be warmer while they learn. Drain plans to travel to Scandinavia next year with a view to studying his Masters there, attracted by the
Breeze Rober tson
To do this, Drain used the concept of a Gabion basket; a steel basket that holds rubble and stone and has more http://www.ara.ac.nz/news-and-events/news/himalayan-school-design-wins-architectural-award flexibility than traditional building methods. Also improving on traditional design, Drain would open the building to the south to make the most of solar gain and capture heat. In the resource-challenged villages, warm buildings are given a low priority, but with good design the children could be warmer while they learn.
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Drain plans to travel to Scandinavia next year with a view to studying his Masters there, attracted by the http://www.ara.ac.nz/news-and-events/news/himalayan-school-design-wins-architectural-award
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Monopitch long run rooing iron at pitch to deflect snowfall
Steel rivots attaching recycled windshields to tensioned cabling locally sourced and manufactored fabric louvre insulative panels which orient to the sun managing solar absorbion
Lightweight truss carried in pieces and assembled onsite Cabling windshields are fixed to which ties down the roof in wind
Diagonal cable cross bracing
Anchored tensioned cable which fixes roofing member s
I video inter viewed NZ Khumjung t e a c h e re d u c a t o r J i m S t r a n g ( H i m a l a y a n Tr u s t & Q S M recipient) to understand the social context and the educational circumstance of rural Nepal.
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The design is passive solar and uses local and recycled materials that are applicable to the environment and circumstance. The walls are constructed from gabion baskets -the cages easily transpor table and seismically stable. The south facing facade is south facing for solar gain and is fully glazed with a cabled system having recycled car windshields which are laminated, UV treated and stackable for transpor tation.
SCHOOL
26,400 800
6,500 800
2,900
800
12,600
6,600
1,600
3,200
COOKHOUSE
GREENHOUSE
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
roofing iron insulation membrane trusses cabling gabion stone walls framing and plastic anchor blocks landscaped corridor insulated louvres windshield facade
TOILET BLOCK
SCHOOL GROUNDS
N nor th s c SCALE a l e 1 1:1000 :1000 @ a3
GSEducationalVersion
scale 1:250 @ a3
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sherpas: material to site
children/elderly: gabion walls
men: roof & windshield faรงade
women: insulation materials
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The philosophy of this project was community integ ration; looking at how without money a community could collaboratively build together and create something of cultural, educational, technological significance.
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S T A R T- U P F L O AT I N G R E C Y C L E D C O M M U N I T Y
2018 feb; MASTERS 1.
Rotterdam; an enviromental, economic solution to the plastic waste in the oceans
"IKEA" ASSEMBLY MANUAL
1 2
An entrepreneurial group with small funding build themselves a floating transitional community from repurposed floating material, temporarily to occupy the space. Constructed from modest materials, its elevated from the industrial level to have a separation of living and wor k. A creative entrapment, the project will integrate the public who will in turn offer back to the resident businesses as they become established. The micro businesses will be sponsored by a ‘parent company’ which will help fund the project. An initiative that will inspire to build with a social conscience.
3
6
4
5
€ PRICING ESTIMATE; (PURELY INDICATIVE, DEPENDING ON MARKET PRICE FLUCTUATION, AND BULK PRICING FROM WHOLESALERS)
€
30 25mm x 1220mm x 1220mm MARINE GRADE PLY 76 E
€
0
60
10
€ €
30
€
30
0
GRID WITH BOTTLE CAPS x4 MEMBRANE (RIVETED & CUT TO SIZE) x1
PERIMETER RUBBER SEAL x1
€
STEEL STRUCTURE UNITS x2
€
30
RECYCLED FLEECE x1
RECYCLED BOTTLES x100 ?
BOTTLE SUPPORT COLUMN x8
€
40 PERIMETER T-BEAM? x4
460€ PER CUBIC METRE STANDARD DUTCH CONSTRUCTION COSTS GSEducationalVersion
UNBUILT WORKSHOP STUDIO
NIEUWE MASS RIVER UP
UP R
UP
R
BOLLARDS FOR PROTECTION
R
UP
R
R
UP UP
R
R
VANTAGE POINT. FLOATING ISLAND (CONSTRUCTED FROM LAYERS OF SOIL, TRASH AND VEGETATION)
UP
EXISTING WHARF
MULTIPURPOSE VENUE; EXHIBITION SPACE, DINING...
EXTENDABLE WORKSHOP SPACE (TEMPORARY)
RESIDENTIAL DWELLING (PERMANENT)
PUBLIC TOILETS
MAIN ENTRANCE
COOLER
ENTRANCE GANTRY (FOOT TRAFFIC AND CYCLES ONLY)
0
5
10
20
ENTRANCE GANTRY (RAMP MOVES WITH TIDAL WATERS)
N
GSEducationalVersion
PONTOON WALKWAY (PERMANENT)
RESTAURANT KITCHEN
30 PARKING
CARSON DRAIN SITEPLAN SCALE 1:100 @A2
NAME: CARSON DRAIN
SCALE: 1:50
FLOOR-PLAN (DWELLING UNIT & INFRASTRUCTURE)
#DrgID #LayID DWELLING STUDIO (PERMANENT)
FLOATING WALKWAY (PERMANENT)
FLOATING EXPANDABLE WORKSHOP (TERMPORARY)
4'140 1'380
LOFT PLATFORM THAT PARTIALLY RECEDES INTO THE CEILING ON TRACKS TO OPTIMISE HEADROOM
BALCONY
670
80
SAIL AND TURBINES ROTATE WITH THE WIND AROUND STRUCTURE
785
695
540
LOFT LADDER ACCESS
STORAGE R
W/H
805
SAILS
+800
BATHROOM
LIVING ROOM
KITCHEN 600
350
350
785
DINING
695
1'430
6'670
ELECTRICAL TURBINE
5'500 6'860
2'275 4'735
SLEEPING LOFT
+3'840
ELECTRICAL SERVICES TO STUDIOS (NO WATER)
80 GSEducationalVersion
UP
680
860
STAIRS
0 PROTRUSIONS FOR STORAGE, BATHROOM, ACCESS AND KITCHEN UNITS
SAIL ROTATION GUIDE RAILING SAIL CIRCUMNAVIGATES THE DWELLING WITH THE WIND
RECYCLED SAIL MECHANISM; ELECTRICITY GENERATION, ADVERTISING SPONSORSHIP, ICONOGRAPHY OF DEVELOPMENT
CARSON DRAIN DWELLING & STUDIO FLOORPLAN SCALE 1:50 @ a3
FLEXABLE MEMBRANE RAISED PERIMETER PLATFORM TO ACT AS A PROTECTION FROM WAVES AND AS A CONTINUOUS SEATING BENCH
RECYCLED CONCRETE PIPES DRIVEN INTO RIVERBED ACTING AS BOLLARDS TO THE DEVELOPMENT AND FOR VEGETATION FOR SHELTER AND GREEN STAIR ARE ONA PIVOTAL MOVEMENT SO WHEN TIDE RISES, THE GRADIENT OF THE SLOPE CHANGES
#DrgID #LayID
NAME: CARSON DRAIN
SCALE: 1:50
SECTION
LOFT PLATFORM IS HEIGHT ADJUSTABLE; MOVES VERTICALLY ON RAILS SAILS OSCILLATE AROUND THE DWELLING STRUCTURE WITH WIND CURVATURE CREATED BY CONCRETE CANVAS; A CONCRETE INFUSED MEMBRANE. (FOR AERODYNAMICS, NOISE REDUCTION & TO FIT THE CONTOURS OF THE SAIL RAILINGS)
ELECTRICAL TURBINE (GENERATED FROM WIND ACCELERATION AND OPTIMISATION FROM SAIL)
DWELLING STUDIO (PERMANENT)
FLOATING EXPANDABLE WORKSHOP (TERMPORARY) EXTERNAL MESH FRAME
RAILING FOR SAILS TO ROTATE AROUND DWELLING STRUCTURE
TIMBER FRAMED PROTRUSIONS FROM CONVENTIONAL UNIT WITH TRUSS SUPPORTS PERFORATION IN MEMBRANE FOR WINDOWS AND DOORS
SLEEPING LOFT
BYTOL CLAD FACADE
PRESSURISED RECYCLED BOTTLES FORMING PROTECTIVE FACADE, INSULATION BARRIER, AND BOUYANCY
SANDWICHED STRUCTURAL STEEL FRAMES (BOLT TOGETHER TO FORM PORTALS) STEEL GRATING
WATER SUPPLY
BATHROOM
LIVING ROOM
KITCHEN
ELECTRICAL SUPPLY (DUCTED TO WORKSHOPS) STAIRS ON A PIVOTAL AXIS SO THE STAIR GRADIENT CHANGES AS THE WATER LEVEL MOVES
WATERPROOF MEMBRANE (ENCASE BOTH SIDES OF STRUCTURAL STEEL FRAME) STANDARDISED BOTTLE CAPS FIXTURES
STEEL COLUMN STEEL PILES WOODEN WALKWAY FIXED TO FLOATING PONTOONS. SEATING & WAVE BARACADE
STAIRS
WATER TO AIR HEAT TRANSFER SYSTEM (WALKWAY IS SEMIPERMANENT)
RECYCLED FLEECE INSULATION
RUBBER PERIMETER SEAL OF STEEL UNIT FRAMES
SKYLIGHT (GLAZED MODULE) GLAZED STEEL FACADE PORTAL (PROVIDES LATERAL BRACING AND SUPPORT WHEN STUDIO IS EXPANDED
HIGH TIDE MARK
RECYCLED PLASTIC OIL BARRELS USED AS BALLAST (208L) DEPENDING ON THE CONDITIONS, THEY COULD BE PUMPED TO STABILISE THE UNITS.
LOW HIGH TIDE MARK (NIEUWE MAAS) -DEPTH TO BE SURVEYED
GSEducationalVersion
FLOATING WALKWAY
SEDIMENT LAYER RIVER BED
THE UNITS ARE ASSEMBLED ONSITE BY UNSKILLED LABOUR, THEY'RE CONFIGURED IN A PORTAL STRUCTURE AND BOLTED TOGETHER. THEY'RE THEREFORE RECONFIGURABLE.
SINGLE UNIT
SKYLIGHT UNIT ELECTRICAL SERVICES DUCTED ALONG UPPER CORNER SECTIONS (NO WATER SERVICES)
STRCTURAL JOINT WINDOW UNIT (RECONFIGURABLE IN MODULAR SYSTEM)
LAMINATED VENEER LUMBER STRUCTURAL TIMBER PORTALS SPACED AT RETICULAR INTERVALS (BRACING IS PROVIDED BY STEEL BOTTLE FRAME UNITS & PLY)
INTERNAL SPACE IS HEATED BY A WATER TO AIR HEAT EXCHANGE SYSTEM (EACH INDIVIDUAL UNIT HAS ONE WHICH IN TURN IS POWERED BY THE ENERGY GENERATED BY THE RESIDENTIAL TURBINES) ATTACHMENT PEGS 25MM MARINE GRADE PLYWOOD (ADDITIONAL LATERAL BRACING)
AIR CAVITY
STEEL SQUARE UNITS (RECTANGULAR HOLLOW SECTION) RECYCLED FLEECE INSULATION (300MM) STRUCTURAL STEEL COLUMS (ADDITIONAL CAN BE ADDED FOR EXTRA SUPPORT)
GSEducationalVersion
STRUCTURAL STEEL MESH WELDED METAL BOTTLE CAPS (PROVIDE STRUCTURAL INTEGRITY OF BOTTLES WATER LEVEL RECYCLED, PRESSURISED BOTTLES FORMING PROTECTION, BUOYANCY, INSULATION AND NOISE DAMPENING EXTERNAL STEEL SUPPORT MESH RECYCLED PLASTIC OIL BARRELS USED AS BALLAST (208L) DEPENDING ON THE CONDITIONS, THEY COULD BE PUMPED TO STABILISE THE UNITS.
CARSON DRAIN STRIP SECTION SCALE 1:20 @ a3
THE UNITS ARE ANCHORED TO THE SEAFLOOR BY CONCRETE 1 TONNE BLOCKS. THE ADDITIONAL CABLING IS ATTAINABLE FOR WHEN THE UNITS ARE EXTENDED.
teepee form development
An entrepreneurial business hub in a central city location, the pavillion has the flexibility to adapt and cater for a variety of tenants
page 9.
B
BUSINESS PAVILLION TRANSITIONAL BUSINESS HUB Inexpensive and highly versatile transitional
architecture
2016 may; third year
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INTERNAL ELEVATION NORTH
INTERNAL ELEVATION EAST
I N T E R N A L N O R T H E L E V AT I O N
42,000
I N T E R N A L E A S T E L E V AT I O N
3,100
INTERNAL ELEVATION SOUTH
INTERNAL ELEVATION WEST
I N T E R N A L S O U T H E L E V AT I O N
I N T E R N A L W E S T E L E V AT I O N
1:500 SCALE
1,800
Condemned land + volunteer labour + salvaged materials P RO S P E C T I V E S I T E D R AW I N G S .
2
-Pavillion is relocated when land becomes tenated again.
Ground Floor (1)
The Thorncrown chapel designed by E. Fay Jones where the relationship between solid and void is a critical design component. This fluidity between space is what this proposal hopes to accomplish; a entrepreneurial business hub in a central city location, where the building is reduced to the structural and servicing essentials with the flexibility to adapt and cater for a variety of tenants. The site is located adjacent to the EPIC business hub, encouraging an interchange of clients and resources.
The Thorncrown chapel designed by E. Fay Jones where the relationship between solid and void is a critical design component. This fluidity between space is what this proposal hopes to accomplish; a entrepreneurial business hub in a central city location, where the building is reduced to the structural and servicing essentials with the flexibility to adapt and cater for a variety of tenants. The site is located adjacent to the EPIC business hub, encouraging an interchange of clients and resources.
The Thorncrown chapel designed by E. Fay Jones where the relationship between solid and void is a critical design component. This fluidity between space is what this proposal hopes to accomplish; a entrepreneurial business hub in a central city location, where the building is reduced to the structural and servicing essentials with the flexibility to adapt and cater for a variety of tenants. The site is located adjacent to the EPIC business hub, encouraging an interchange of clients and resources.
page 11.
butyl roofing membrane flashing insulation cavity plywood sheet 30mm (2400x1200mm0) plywood internal lining perimeter joist 3800mm (overlaps into adjoining module) joists 2400mm steel cap bolted to structure to secure cross lap joint internal space -walls formed by thermal roller blinds upper perimeter joist 2400mm (100x100mm) lower perimeter joist 2400mm (100x100mm) blocking member for end of module group 1400mm (100x100mm) vertical structural member 3320mm (200x200mm) shared by adjoining module
SCALE
1
Generic Axonometry
1:20 @ a3
1:20
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RUBBLE
VAC A N T / D O R M A N T P R O P E RT Y
TIMBER
PYLON
RECYCLED TIMBER
SS T ECE L RD R A P M E TA L UMS
Condemned land
+
POLES
TRUCK CANOPY PA L L E T S
volunteer labour
+
salvaged materials
This concept explores the fluidity of space and the seamless transition through the interior and external spaces. The space is constructed from timber struc足tural members which interlink, similar to a teepee structure. Spaces are enveloped by a tem足porary, removable membrane which provides the external shell and internal partitions. It will have waterproof, acoustic and insulation properties and will permit the alteration of spaces within the structure by simply wrapping the membrane around the structural members as de足sired. Services are ducted below the floor underground to be procured as necessary by ten足 ants. The structural members
Tissue paper sketch model
page 13.
CO O
S I T E N E G O I AT I O N
L
DI
RE
MA
M
O
TE
VA
NA TE
TE
RI
Y
GN SI DE
NC
ground
STRUCTURAL MODELS
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A
NA V O L U N T E E R A S S E M B LY
how we feel ing different environments? Enclosed/Exposed
central core
canvas structure -hooped suppor ts
ripples. of canopy and galler y relationships. adjustable galler y ceiling space for intimate viewing or grand presence
page 15.
GALLERY CONTEMPORARY ART GALLERY
2015 october ; second year
The GALLERY of CONTEMPORARY ART is centralized around movement. How the spatial dynamics of the galler y change the psychological journey of visiters and the s w a m p y, wild imperfections juxtapose the crisp, a r t i f i c i a l f o r m s o f t h e g a l l e r y, c r e a t i n g a s a n c t u a r y o f a r t .
The ceiling is suspended canvas draper y that can be raised or lowered as it is required for exibition spaces.
page 16.
ACCOMMODATION 2015 may; second year
M O D U L A R A C C O M M O D AT I O N
Adaptable accommodation; sleeping pods, living & sanitary units.
page 21.
Structural columns (ser vices run through core)
pitched ceiling
Insulated panels (fireproofed) Internal steel linings Alternate window & door units
Wo o d f l o o r p a n e l & f u r n i s h i n g s Reclined headboard for ergonomic posture Closet
RU
UC
ST
Foundation: filled with ballast & dug in ground (Or used as overhead storage for lower units)
N
IO
N
CO
DESIGN
Subfloor frame (ser vices below)
E US
G
out with for a
ST
CO
T EN
N
RESALE
BRIEF Refit building acommodation
UD
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NS
IO
TR
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IP
C o n s t r u c t e d f r o m prefabricated p a n e l s . M o d u l e s a r e f l a t packed & shipped to anywhere in the world to be assembled quickly using unskilled l a b o r. Units fix together creating multi-pod spaces that stack
SH
N
Junction points for columns
an
uni
existing student campus.
BEDROOM MODULE page 22.
Po r t r a i t i n O i l s
Commissioned por traiture. Freehand drawing with graphite pencil
page 24.
gestural exploritive studies of Swiss architecture.
‘ A s a n a r c h i t e c t , y o u d e s i g n f o r t h e p r e s e n t , w i t h a n a w a r e n e s s o f t h e p a s t , f o r a f u t u r e w h i c h i s e s s e n t i a l l y u n k n o w n .’ SIR NORMAN FOSTER
page 25.