NOVEMBER 9, 1935, VOL 01, N0 45 by CatholicNews

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T h e Malaya Catholic L e a d e r . By By By By By By

POPE BENEDICT XV.

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9th N O V E M B E R , 1935.

T H E WORKERS' BEST F R I E N D •0'

THE

CHURCH AND SOCIAL INJUSTICE

POINT O F A G R E E M E N T W I T H SOCIALISM A N D COMMUNISM The Catholic Church has a l w a y s condemned the exploitation of the worker and defended his r i g h t s against a greedy Capitalism, but her solution of the social injustice problem is not t h e abolition of private ownership. A clear s t a t e m e n t of the Church's teaching is given in this address delivered at t h e last annual Catholic Truth Congress in Kilkenny, by the V e r y Rev. A. H. Ryan, D.D., D.Ph., of Queen's University, Belfast. I t h a s often b e e n r e m a r k e d t h a t there is a n a p p a r e n t anomaly in the fact t h a t t h e Catholic Church, t h e most u n c o m p r o m i s i n g defender of spiritual v a l u e s in t h e world, is also t h e most e m p h a t i c c h a m pion of t h e r i g h t of p r i v a t e property. Why, h e r c r i t i c s ask, t h i s defence of worldly goods from a Church which e x a l t s t h e renunciation of worldly goods a s a moans of advancement in t h e spiritual life, and which formally blesses the vow of p o v e r t y t a k e n by so many of h e r c h i l d r e n ? I s it not her teaching t h a t t h e monastic mode of life, w i t h i t s c o m m u n i s m of property, is m o r a l l y m o r e lofty than a s y s t e m of p r i v a t e ownership? Would n o t c o m m u n i s m of goods, t h e r e f o r e , i m p r o v e h u m a nity a t l a r g e if universally adopted? Indeed we a r e sometimes told t h a t r a t h e r t h a n a s y s t e m of private p r o p e r t y , communism is the only logical economic t h e o r y for Christianity. Do we not r e a d in t h e Acts of the Apostles t h a t A n a n i a s was struck dead b e c a u s e h e retained some of his p r o p e r t y a s p r i v a t e ? Kence a d i s t i n g u i s h e d I r i s h w o m a n not long ago w e n t so f a r as to say that " under t h e Soviet regime, for the first t i m e on e a r t h , practical Christianity is being carried out." • Misrepresentation. It must be said a t once t h a t to some extent Catholics themselves, either t h r o u g h an insufficient grasp or a n i n t e r e s t e d m i s r e p r e sentation of t h e C h u r c h ' s principles, have c o n t r i b u t e d t o t h e belief that there is a d i s c r e p a n c y somewhere between t h e general spirit of Christianity a n d t h e C h u r c h ' s teaching on p r o p e r t y . N o t seldom her defence of p r i v a t e p r o p e r t y has been used a s a weapon to filch from workers t h e i r r i g h t s . Too often her a t t i t u d e h a s been twist^ to m a k e h e r a p p e a r a s a supPorter of capitalism and t h e s t a t u s

quo, a s if it were h e r t e a c h i n g t h a t in all c i r c u m s t a n c e s property is u n a s s a i l a b l e and s a c r o s a n c t . B u t such a c o n s t r u c t i o n could n e v e r be p u t upon it by a n y one f a m i l i a r w i t h t h e g r e a t Encyclicals, R e r u m N o v a r u m and Quad r a g e s i m o Anno. T h e whole point of t h e t e a c h i n g of t h e P o r e s is t h a t t h e p r e s e n t s t r u c t u r e of society in industrialised S t a t e s must be reformed precisely because it makes p r i v a t e property a l m o s t inaccessible to v a s t n u m b e r s of t h e people. B o t h Leo and P i u s X I realised to t h e full t h a t m o s t w o r k e r s have practically no p r i v a t e property, t h a t t h e y own little b u t t h e i r w a g e s . They inveigh a g a i n s t a s y s t e m which, to q u o t e t h e words of P i u s XI, produces " a n immense n u m b e r of propertyless. wage- earn e r s " ; a n d they insist w i t h Leo X I I I t h a t it should be t h e policy of t h e S t a t e " t o induce as many as possible to become owners " Consequently t h e Catholic a t t i t u d e is really ill-described *s a policy of defending p r v a t e prop e r t y , for t h a t gives t h e impression t h a t widespread p r i v a t e prop e r t y is a prevailing social fact, which is not true. I t is t h e much m o r e radical policy of extending p r i v a t e property to t h e widest possible circles. ;

Stolen T h u n d e r . W i t h this in mind it is easy to see, t h o u g h it m a y a p p e a r a t first sight a startling statement, that t h e aim of t h e C h u r c h is precisely t h e s a m e a s t h e a i m o " Socialism and Communism. T h i s is a point which seems to m e to require to be emphasised. Too often we have allowed C o m m u n i s t s a n d Socialists t o steal our t h u n d e r . T h e y claim t h a t t h e y , and t h e y alone, in t h e m o d e r n world, a r e w o r k i n g earn e s t l y t o build up a s t a t e of society in w h i c h social exploitation and injustice will be s t a m p e d out, in which a fairer distribution of this 4

(Continued

on page 7.)

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MALAYA

CATHOLIC

LEADER,

SATURDAY,

9th NOVEMBER, 1935.

POPE A N D T H E W A R

A COMPLETE SUMMARY OF THE HOLY FATHER'S PRONOUNCEMENTS.

( B y A i r MaU) H E A i ^ y s h o p of Canterbury, in for he is old-fashioned enough to believe the tourse of an address delivered that diplomacy is best conducted by on Monday, said that he was inviting diplomats and that they, at any rate, the heads of Christian communities, a t understand its special language. least in Europe, to issue a joint appeal Popular clamour, whether favourable or to their members in connection with hostile, is hardly noticed at the Vatican, the Italo-lSthiopian dispute. "I have which prefers to leave commendation ventured to make an approach to H i s and popular explanations of its acts Holiness^ tjie Pope," he said, "but I and decrees to such unimportant people learn that %e is unwilling a t present to as ourselves. s a y more than he has already publicly We approach our task with confidence, said. We "must all generously recognize the peculiar difficulty in which he is and w e feel that we shall fulfill it best placed. It may be that, in his own time by recalling certain relevant facts and and way, he m a y be moved to speak dates, now forgotten, which throw a fierce light on the similarly forgotten some further word." Papal pronouncements. p• * * WHEN T H E TROUBLE BEGAN. In his own time and way, if we may Friction between Italy and Abyssinia adopt Archbishop Lang's phrase, the commenced on December 5th, 1934, when Pope has already said what is, all things fighting took place at Wal-Wal between considered, a surprising amount about Abyssinians and native Itaiian troops. Italy and Abyssinia; and n point of time he anticipated his critics just as in Almost immediately, a s we know now— manner he excels them. His i s the way of but did not know then, Italy commenced arming for conflict. Before the world diplomacy inspired by Christian charity. It is not the w a y of politicians, or of jWjad realised the meaning of Wal-Wal, those who echo their words and second I Italy had commenced secretly to prepare for action which implied readiness for their aims, for the Pope owes his posiwar as the final outcome. Abyssinia tion to no political party and to no was explaining, apologising and tempoearthly power. Those who would like to rising to avert diplomatic humiliation. prompt him should first give careful She still did not suspect that Italy inattention-to what His Holiness h?s altended to have her own way, even if it ready saii, a t the same time reflecting meant war. That became gradually on the important consequences of Papal apparent about February, 1935, when utterances, and they will then find that Italy published the news of her mobilisathere is no occasion for remarks which tion. however-generously phrased may easily At that time what had become of be read as disparaging to the impartiaPeter? Listen to his own words, spoken lity and the sense of duty of the Sovereign Pontiff. in acknowledgment of the greetings of the Sacred College of Cardinals, on VATICAN DIPLOMACY. Christmas Eve, 1934. Note the date The Pope has no Press bureau to carefully: within three weeks of the underline, and point the significance of, Wal-Wal incidents. his utterances. Only those who follow "SUICIDAL A N D HOMICIDAL events closely, and weigh words carefully MANIA" —in the same w a y that the Pope does, After a reference to resurrected can hope to g e t the full meaning of his paganism in Germany, His Holiness pronouncements, especially as they are framed so as not to wound and irritate went on to say: unnecessarily. I t suffices the Pope if "To all these evils and griefs there his words are understood in the i s added this vague but widely-spread chancelleries to which they are directed, rumour of war, or at least of warlike preparations. The saying is current: 'If yoH want peace, prepare for war," as if, in all these armaments, we must see nothing but precautionary measures, guarantees of peace "We wish to believe it. We desire to believe it, and to be able to hope that it is so, because it would be very terrible if the reality should prove to be the opposite.. .If peace is truly desired, W e desire peace. We pray for peace. "But if perchance, bv some impossible supposition, by some new phenomenon of suicidal and homicidal mania amongst nations, there should prove to be persons who prefer not peace but war, then in that cas> We have another prayer which it becomes Our duty to utter, and We must say to Our Blessed Lord: SCATTER THOU T H E NATIONS THAT DELIGHT I N WARS." (Psalm 67, 32.) AWAKE BEFORE COCKCROW. PILES CURED, NO OPERATION, Before those who are now clamouring BLOOD STOPPED WITHIN 24 for Peter to break his silence were even HOURS BY T H E FIRST APPLICAaware what was coming, Peter had TION. MA JOON-E-PILBS : — The spoken his mind fully and clearly, but most wonderful medicine to stop all then Peter has reason to be up before troubles of piles — passing of blood, the cock crows! severe pain, irritation, and all other Who, we ask, were the "persons," not troubles of moving of bowels, e t c , nations—be it noted, who could a t that e t c , and new or 50 years chronic piledate be pointed out as desirous of war? sufferers can be used without restricThe Pope knew, and the person, or pertion of diet. sons, concerned also knew. It would be Price per bottle $25.00 for order the wildest phantasy to suggest that His with cash (postage free) and $1.00 Holiness was referring to Haile Selassie. extra for C.O.D. Full directions with Read again the stern denunciation of medicines, the Physician, U. M. war, the fierce imprecations against warHALL, N o . 721, North Bridge Road, makers, which grated on the ears of Singapore. Christians, still asleep in false security, 'IMPORTANT 7 NOTE: —AH ; male and ask yourself whether it is not an. inand female sufferings of diabetis, sult to be compassionate now about the bright diseases, albumeneria, asthma Pope's " peculiar difficulties/' new or chronic, kidney troubles, gout, WITHOUT FEAR OR FAVOUR. rheumatism, successfully treated. Time and again the Vatican organ has Consult personally or send enqui appealed to that allocution as the first ries by post stating your age, cause manifestation of the Pope's mind, the of ttm origin of the disease, the first warning of the impending peril, symptoms and the duration of sufferwhich fell on the deaf ears and'dull ings with 50 cent-stamps for reply minds of those who should oe in sackto:— cloth and ashes for their own tardy TABIB M. I. JOHARI, realisation of a danger which he The Physician, of the U. M. HALL denounced, not after some government No. 721, North Bridge Rd., S'pore. Consmlting Honrs 8 a.m. to 8 p.m had decided which w a y it intended to act, but with startling promptness and in-

difference to consequences. Yet he has to bear insinuations of the meanest kind about his relations with Italy! We disassociate ourselves at once and for ever from all those, whether shamefaced pacifists or subtly hostile anti-Catholics, who would apologise at this late hour for the Pope, and add a supreme insult to their own inept and futile pleas for guidance from one who has already given it so fully and so promptly. FROM BAD TO WORSE. Not only did the public ignore his words, but Mussolini, to whom they were I f s not only addressed, also ignored them. Things went from bad to worse in a way that a matter of taste it would be banal to describe in detail. To be a perfect timepiece, a watch We shall be content to gather together has to be beautiful and accurate the Papal pronouncements which succeeded the noble words of the ChristNow, everyone can say whether a mas allocution. watch is to one's liking or not, but it is difficult to estimate the At a secret consistory on Monday, April 1st, 1935, His Holiness again quality. Only experts can judge spoke, and again it was an emphatic the finish and precision of a denunciation of the war whi«:*i Italy was mechanism as delicate as that of preparing. His words were as follows: a watch. "Rumours of war, current everyThere remains for those who love where, are a cause of the deepest accuracy a means of eliminating agitation to all, and rouse in all disappointment-choose a VULCAIN hearts the gravest fears. That the nations should again take up arms watch, acknowledged the best by against one another, that the blood of thousands of people all over the brothers should again be shed, that world. destruction and ruin should be poured With a VULCAIN you have the out over land and sea and in the air, satisfaction of knowing that you would be a crime so heinous, a possess a timepiece of unequalled manifestation of folly so mad, that accuracy and refined beauty. i We regard it as absolutely impossible. ' We cannot in fact persuade ourwhich would be a war of defence, to selves that those who have at heart preserve the frontiers of Italy's the nation's prosperity and well-being, colonies against continual and incesscan wish to drive to slaughter, ruin ant dangers. They speak of a war and extermination not only their own made necessary by the expansion of a nation, but a great part of humanity population growing larger every day, as well. and undertaken for the defence and "But if anybody should dare to material needs of the country. commit this crime We shall not be able One thing appears clear to Us: that to do otherwise than to pray God with the need of expansion is a fact, a fact bitterness of heart: SCATTER THOU to be borne in mind, and that a THE NATIONS THAT DELIGHT IN country's right to self-defence is a WARS.' right, one which, however, has limits, 'Thus do We assess the moral imand a moderation which must be possibility of war, but the physical observed if the defence is to remain and material impossibilities of it, in guiltless.* the present serious circumstances, If this need of expansion does exist, also seem manifest to Us and to many if there is a need of assuring the deothers." fence of the frontiers, W« cannot at A CRUEL DILEMMA. the same time but hope that it will be . .Again something like an imprecation possible to find a solution of all these on those who want war, and an implied difficulties by means which do not inscattering of his own beloved snation volve war. We do not know what the and people. Such a cruel dilemma means are, but we do not think they rarely occurs, but when it does the Pope are impossible to find. speaks as the Pope, and not as an In any case we pray God to second Italian. Let the world remember it, as the activities and the efforts of those we remember it with pride, and with clear-sighted men who understand grief for the one upon whom such a what makes for the true happiness of cruel duty fell. peoples and for social justice, men PEACE! PEACE! ALWAYS PEACE! who are doing their utmost for Peace, On August 8, on the occasion of the not by uttering threats — which only honouring of one whom Abyssinians make things worse by irritating men's martyred, the Venerable Justin de minds and thus rendering the present Jacobis, the Pope noted the significance situation daily more difficult and of what he was doing for an apostle of menacing—men who work for peace Abyssinia, "at a time when the sky and pacification with a really sincere between Italy and Abyssinia is dark intention of banishing war. We pray with clouds." In the teeth of a dictator God to bless their efforts." now ready to launch the thunderbolts of WHAT T H E VERDICT MEANS war he flings a passionate plea for This was an unofficial and unsolicited peace! attempt at adjudicating the rights and "We hope," he says, "still hope, and wrongs before the conflict broke out, shall always jfiope, in the Peace of and without submission of the evidence. Christ in the Kingdom of Christ. We What does the Pope say? (1) Italy's have every confidence that nothing need for expansion is a fact, which is will happen except in accordance with not however, to be identified with a right truth, justice and charity." (See Osservatcre, October 14), but Is Italy's unprovoked aggressive which must be taken into account by assault on Ethiopia "in accordance with the nations. (2) Italy has a right to truth, justice and charity " Was this defend her colonial frontiers from conthird solemn prayer and nlea a denuncia- tinual and incessant dangers, if they tion of the Negus—or of Mussolini? exis*. (3) Her need for expansion does ADJUDICATING THE ISSUE not justify a recourse to wa«\ (4) Her The next public pronounrement was right to defend her frontiers does not made on August 27. justify a war of a g r e s s i o n and con"The mere thought of war makes us auest (5) AH difficulties can, and shudder. Yet, outside Italy, there are should be. solved peacefully without referenies to a war of conquest, a war recourse to war. of aggression. On such a supposition (Continued on page 19) We find it hard to fix Our thoughts, his words are understood in the * "Obviously, this amounts to saying," so greatly does it trouble Us. says the Osservatore Romono. which A war of sheer conquest would evi- claimed "special authorisation" for these dently be an unjust war. It ought, and other remarks in its issue of August therefore, to be unimaginable—a 30, "that the need for expansion cannot thing sad and horrible beyond expresof itself justify force as a means of ion. We cannot think of an unjust acquiring what is considered necessarywar. We cannot contemplate even the The need for defence, on the other hand, possibility of it. and We deliberately may well of itself be a right, justifying reject it. We neither beiieve nor are the use of force, but only on condition willing to believe i t that no excess arises—a thing which is In Italy, on the other hand, the talk in any case excluded by all codes •* is about a just and justifiable war, one justice."

THE WATCH

MALAYA

CATHOLIC

LEADER,

SATURDAY,

9th NOVEMBER, 1935.

On X^ings from .Albion (FROM

OUR

SPECIAL

THE R O Y A L W E D D I N G P L A N S . Death's

Intervention.

Great B r i t a i n , a n d in p a r t i c u l a r London, e x p e r i e n c e d a p a n g of disappointment. P r e p a r a t i o n s h a d already b e g u n , in t h e W e s t E n d , for public s p e c t a c u l a r r e j o i c i n g s for t h e Royal Wedding, the marriage of t h e D u k e of Gloucester to L a d y Alice S c o t t , w h e n the sad n e w s w a s p u b l i s h e d t h a t the bride-elect h a d lost h e r f a t h e r , the Duke of Buccleuch, by d e a t h . It had been hoped t h a t t h e wedding, fixed t o t a k e place in W e s t minister A b b e y , would h a v e g i v e n an o p p o r t u n i t y f o r a p o p u l a r d e m o n stration of l o y a l t y a n d e s t e e m , for the Royal H o u s e such a s h a d a c companied t h e m a r r i a g e of a n o t h e r of the K i n g ' s s o n s , t h e D u k e of Kent. Sfeatfe w e r e to h a v e been erected a l o n g t h e r o u t e t o be traversed by the happy pair. There w e r e t o h a v e been decorations, illuminations. A school holiday w a s proclaimed. London looked f o r w a r d , in s h o r t , t o a j o y day on a l a r g e scale. All t h i s w a s c h a n g e d . T h e bereavement b y t h e Duke's d e a t h h a s brought in a n atmosphere of mourning. T h e r e was no p u b lic spectacle, a n d in place of t h e projected c e r e m o n y in t h e A b b e y a simple w e d d i n g service t o o k place in t h e p r i v a t e chapel a t Buckingham P a l a c e . Lord M o r r i s of St. J o h n ' s .

was received into t h e C h u r c h l o n g ago. T h e new peer, t h e Hon. Michael William Morris, is a n a l u m n u s of t h e famous Benedict i n e school a t Downside. Catholic Evidence. M e m b e r s of t h e various C a t h o l i c E v i d e n c e Guilds t h r o u g h o u t t h e c o u n t r y h a v e been h a v i n g t h e i r a n n u a l s t o c k - t a k i n g of effort. In t h e N o r t h a n d in t h e M i d l a n d s t h e r e h a v e been inter-guild conferences, while in London t h e w o r kers g a t h e r e d in force a t a hall in t h e Cathedral precincts. I t m a y i n t e r e s t r e a d e r s in Malaya t o k n o w , in outline, e x a c t l y w h a t is m e a n t over h e r e b y t h e t e r m " C a t h o l i c E v i d e n c e . " One can give evidence of and f o r t h e f a i t h by w r i t i n g s a n d by s e r m o n s ; b u t it is n o t t h a t . T h e t e r m s t a n d s for outdoor a d d r e s s e s , from p o r t a b l e p l a t f o r m s , in p a r k s , m a r k e t s q u a r e s , a n d o t h e r public places. T h e s p e a k e r s a r e f o r t h e most p a r t l a y m e n a n d lay w o m e n ; but t h e r e a r e also a few p r i e s t s e n g a g e d in t h e work, p r o m i n e n t a m o n g t h e m , t h e widely-known fig u r e of F a t h e r V i n c e n t M c N a b b , who is a l w a y s in his D o m i n i c a n habit, a n d is one of t h e chief i n t e l lectual forces in t h e out-door c a m paign. Catholic E v i d e n c e is t h i s f o r m , and long before t h e w o r k w a s called by t h a t t i t l e , w a s f o s t e r e d b y t h e Guild of O u r L a d y of R a n s o m . F r o m t h e m e m b e r s of t h a t b o d y , t h e " R a n s o m e r s , " t h e late F a t h e r Philip F l e t c h e r chose c e r t a i n l a y s p e a k e r s t o go o u t i n t o H y d e P a r k a n d o t h e r places, a n d t h e r e a n s w e r t h e o b j e c t i o n s of P r o t e s t a n t A l liance, A t h e i s t , a n d o t h e r a n t i Catholic c a m p a i g n e r s . T h e i r w o r k proved so successful t h a t t h e l a t e C a r d i n a l B o u r n e a n d o t h e r s of t h e Bishops e x t e n d e d it by a u t h o r i s i n g t h e a c t i v i t i e s of Catholic E v i d e n c e Guilds. To-day t h e r e a r e t r a i n i n g classes, m a n y scores of s p e a k e r s , and a g r e a t n u m b e r of " p i t c h e s . " T h e Catholic s p e a k e r s a r e u s u a l l y s u r e of a l a r g e a n d respectful a u dience.

The w e e k in w h i c h t h e s e lines are w r i t t e n h a s seen t h e loss of a n honoured n a m e from t h e list of Catholic p e e r s . L o r d M o r r i s of S t . John's, f o r m e r l y P r i m e M i n i s t e r of j Newfoundland, h a s died in h i s seventy-seventh y e a r , a f t e r a long illness. F e w m e n can h a v e laboured f o r t h e B r i t i s h C o m m o n wealth w i t h m o r e devotion t h a n this s e r v a n t of t h e Crown. Lord Morris b o r e m o d e s t l y t h e m a n y honours c o n f e r r e d upon h i m for his public service. H e w a s a P r i v y Councillor, a K.C.M.G., a n L L . D . , and t h e first h o l d e r of t h e b a r o n y . B e l f a s t . A P r o t e s t in L o n d o n . Five g r e a t cities in t h e k i n g d o m : It is r a r e l y t h a t I r i s h affairs London, Edinburgh, Glasgow, loom m o r e largely, for t h e m o m e n t , Manchester, a n d B r i s t o l , a d m i t t e d in London t h a n in I r e l a n d ; y e t him t o t h e i r rolls of f r e e m e n of London h a s lately been t h e scene honour. Oxford U n i v e r s i t y g a v e of a s t i r r i n g a n d o u t s p o k e n p r o him i t s h o n o r a r y D.C.L. d e g r e e . test, b y one of t h e I r i s h Catholic Bishops, a g a i n s t t h e p r e s e n t s t a t e Lord M o r r i s spent h i s l a t t e r of affairs, religiously, u n d e r t h e years in L o n d o n ; b u t N e w f o u n d Northern Government. It may land w a s h i s b i r t h p l a c e , a n d it w a s too, that the Imperial there t h a t h e e n t e r e d u p o n t h e be, G o v e r n m e n t a t W e s t m i n s t e r will long c o u r s e of political life t h a t now p a y m o r e heed t o h i s lordwas t o m a k e h i m f a m o u s . For ship's d e m a n d t h a n when t h a t dethirty-four y e a r s he s a t c o n t i n u mand was addressed to t h e m from ously a s a m e m b e r of t h e N e w Belfast. T h e p r e l a t e concerned is foundland Legislature. In 1889 t h e R i g h t Rev. D r . M a g e e a n . As he e n t e r e d t h e Cabinet. H e beBishop of Down a n d Connor h e h a s came A t t o r n e y - G e n e r a l a n d Minisin his diocese t h e s t o r m - c e n t r e of ter of J u s t i c e , a n d from 1909 onNorthern Ireland's disturbed area, wards for n i n e y e a r s h e held t h e lately t h e scene of abominable viohigh office of P r e m i e r . H i s i n t e lence a g a i n s t t h e Catholic popularest in N e w f o u n d l a n d did n o t cease tion. So bad w a s t h e whole b u s i with his r e t i r e m e n t a n d h i s r e s i dence h e r e in E n g l a n d . H e lec- n e s s t h a t h u n d r e d s of Catholics had t o flee from t h e i r h o m e s , tured on t h e island a n d i t s r e w h e r e t h o s e h o m e s h a d not a l r e a d y sources a n d w a s a t all t i m e s r e a d y been s e t on fire or wrecked, a n d with i n f o r m a t i o n . t a k e s h e l t e r in a hastily provided To his fellow-Catholics in Lonrefugee c a m p . don, L o r d M o r r i s w a s e v e r h e l p T h e B i s h o p called upon t h e Goful in a n y s e r v i c e t h a t h e could vernment a t Westminster to instiperform. On Catholic p l a t f o r m s t u t e a s w o r n i n q u i r y , before a n he was a f a m i l i a r figure. H e freimpartial tribunal, into t h e r i g h t s quently s p o k e on behalf of t h e and w r o n g s of t h e m a t t e r . He had Church's good causes—Catholic good g r o u n d for t h e r e q u e s t . UnAction, C o n v e r t s ' Aid, F e d e r a t i o n der t h e C o n s t i t u t i o n , Northern o r k , a n d m u c h m o r e . I n 1901 Ireland is g u a r a n t e e d religious he m a r r i e d t h e d a u g h t e r of a nonl i b e r t y ; a n d D r . Mageean r i g h t l y Catholic c l e r g y m a n . L a d y M o r r i s :

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argues t h a t , a s t h a t g u a r a n t e e was so often h a p p e n s when political m a d e by t h e I m p e r i a l G o v e r n m e n t , s y m p a t h i e s can be overlooked in t h e s a m e p o w e r which m a d e t h e considering personal qualities, g u a r a n t e e should see t h a t it p r e " N e d " C a r s o n w a s a genial a n d vails. U p till now t h e a u t h o r i t i e s popular friend w i t h Catholics w h o a t W e s t m i n s t e r h a v e declined t o w e r e his colleagues a t t h e B a r , interfere, on t h e g r o u n d t h a t t h e frish N a t i o n a l i s t s a m o n g them. job of k e e p i n g o r d e r in t h e Six T h e r e w a s one t i m e in his life w h e n Counties belongs t o t h e N o r t h e r n he m i g h t a l m o s t be said t o h a v e G o v e r n m e n t in Ireland. To a s k been a bit of a h e r o in t h e s i g h t t h a t g o v e r n m e n t , in view of i t s of t h e I r i s h N a t i o n a l i s t s t h e m known h i s t o r y a n d p r e j u d i c e s , t o selves, t h e Republican w i n g e s p e hold an " i m p a r t i a l " inquiry, in a n y cially. T h i s w a s m a n y y e a r s a g o , m a t t e r in w h i c h Catholics a r e conwhen C a r s o n pulled off a n e x t e n cerned, is t o w a s t e t i m e and to seek sive and h i g h l y successful g u n t h e impossible. r u n n i n g coup, in N o r t h e r n I r e l a n d , for t h e a r m i n g of t h e P r o t e s t a n t To L o n d o n , t h e r e f o r e , D r . Maforces. T h e a u t h o r i t i e s h a d n o geean c a m e , for t h e a n n u a l m e e t wind of t h e a f f a i r ; it was " b e a u t i i n g of t h e M a y n o o t h Union of I r i s h fully" done, by t h e canons of s t r a priests, a n d t h e r e h e h a s re-affirmt e g y , a n d t h e Republicans in t h e ed his d e m a n d t h a t t h e I m p e r i a l S o u t h could not help a d m i r i n g t h e G o v e r n m e n t shall o r d e r a n i n q u i r y bold p r o w e s s of a s t r o n g m a n into t h e B e l f a s t outrages. The " agin' t h e Government." Or\,ihe n e x t m o v e , in- j u s t i c e , lies w i t h whole, however,' i t - m u s t be s a i d — Westminster. and this without forgetting t h e Lord Carson's Death. c h a r i t a b l e principle of de m o r t u i s , The s u b j e c t of Belfast m a k e s it e t c . — t h a t in m a n y w a y s C a r s o n w a s inevitable t h a t t h e s e n o t e s s h o u l d a t h o r n in t h e flesh to I r e l a n d ' s add a few lines w i t h r e g a r d t o Catholic people. H e h a s died in Lord Carson, w h o s e d e a t h is filling old age, a n d h a d long r e t i r e d f r o m m a n y c o l u m n s , in t h e English politics; so t h e l a s t fe\r y e a r s of n e w s p a p e r s , w i t h reminiscences of his life w e r e free from t h e b i t t e r Irish affairs. In t h a t d i s t i n g u i s h n e s s e s a s s o c i a t e d with Ulster's ed lawyer t h e Catholics of I r e l a n d * v e r - a s s e r t i v e religious differences. had one of t h e i r m o s t v i g o r o u s a n d H e is to h a v e a g r e a t public f u n e r a l even b i t t e r o p p o n e n t s . I t h a s been in Belfast, where Or^atigeism said of C a r s o n t h a t h e w a s " a n O r a n g e m a n t o t h e t e e t h ; " y e t , a s ' almost deified h i m .

General Jottings of the M^eeh R E D M A S S IN W E S T M I N S T E R | L O R D MAYOR O F L O N D O N TO CATHEDRAL. R E C E I V E GRAND CROSS. S i r S t e p h e n Killik, t h e L o r d T h e S t r a i t s T i m e s of t h e 4 t h ; M a y o r of London, on h i s r e t i r e N o v e m b e r published a fine p i c t u r e m e n t from office on N o v e b e r 8 t h , of t h e Catholic J u d g e s a n d l a w y e r s will b e appointed a K n i g h t G r a n d attending the Customary Red C r o s s of t h e O r d e r of t h e B r i t i s h M a s s in W e s t m i n s t e r C a t h e d r a l . In E m p i r e in place of t h e u s u a l b a r o t h e f r o n t r o w a r e of c o u r s e Lord n e t c y conferred on r e t i r i n g Lord Russell of Killowen, L o r d of A p - M a y o r s . S i r S t e p h e n Killik w a s , peal, M r . Wilfred G r e e n e , t h e new in t h e Jubilee H o n o u r s list of t h i s L o r d of Appeal, a n d M r . J u s t i c e y e a r , appointed Knight ComL a n g t o n of t h e A d m i r a l t y a n d m a n d e r of t h e Royal Victorian Divorce C o u r t s . T h e p a r t of t h e O r d e r . , C a t h e d r a l s h o w n in t h p e i c t u r e is well filled w i t h bewigged j u d g e s SINGAPORE'S CIVIL a n d a d v o c a t e s . A r c h b i s h o p Hirisley AERODROME. presided a t the Mass.

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I t is r e p o r t e d t h a t t h e will h a s j u s t b e e n discovered of H e n r y k Sieniewicz, t h e n o t e d P o l i s h a u t h o r of ' Q u o V a d i s ' a r o m a n c e of Christianity's early struggle against Pagan Rome. It was Cardinal Wiseman's "Fabiola" or ' T h e C h u r c h of t h e C a t a c o m b s " t h a t i n s p i r e d Sieniewicz t o w r i t e t h i s w o r k a n d h e himself acknowledged t h i s s a y i n g t h a t w h e n h e r e a d ' F a b i o l a ' for t h e first t i m e in h i s y o u t h , it "exercised a i p o w e r f u l f a s c i n a t i o n over h i s dawming boyhood/' A NEGRO BEATUS. T h e first s t a t u e t o be publicly erected in h o n o u r of Blessed M a r t i n De P o r r e s , t h e s a i n t l y n e g r o lay b r o t h e r , w h o s e canonisation c a u s e is g a i n i n g w i d e s p r e a d i n t e r e s t a n d support in t h e U. S. A . w a s unveiled i n - t h e C h u r c h of S t . Vincent Ferrer, New York. A BUSINESS MERGER. M e s s r s . McAuliffe, D a v i s & Hope a n d M e s s r s . D e r r i c k & Co.. a n n o u n c e t h a t from J a n u a r y 1st 1936 t h e b u s i n e s s of t h e l a t t e r establishm e n t will be carried on in associat i o n w i t h t h e f o r m e r firm. Mr. F . H . G r u m m i t t is t h e h e a d of t h e P e n a n g b r a n c h of McAuliffe, Davis & H o p e a n d is a D i r e c t o r of t h e C o m p a n y a s well.

While t h e Rev. F r . M. V e r m e i r e , S.J., R e c t o r of t h e St. X a v i e r ' s College, Calcutta, w a s on h i s w a y to D a r j e e l i n g he n a r r o w l y escaped d e a t h f r o m a landslide. A s his m o t o r - c a r was m a k i n g i t s w a y up t h e s t e e p r o a d w a y to Darjeeling, t h e d r i v e r h e a r i n g a peculiar muffled sound, r o u n d one of t h e s h a r p curves, j a m m e d on his brakes, and brought his car to a s t o p on t h e v e r y b r i n k of a severe m o u n t a i n s l i d e . T h e landslide carried a w a y t h e road a n d h u g e boulj d e r s a n d rocks w e r e seen h u r t l i n g a d o w n i n t o t h e valley. H a d it not b e e n f o r t h e p r e s e n c e of m i n d of t h e hill-driver t h e car a n d i t s occup a n t s would h a v e been precipitated d o w n t h e m o u n t a i n side. F r . Verm e i r e , S.J. was held up for over t h r e e h o u r s b u t h e is n o n e t h e w o r s e for his t h r i l l i n g experience, j P O P E BLESSES CHRISTIAN BROTHERS. T h e Holy F a t h e r received in Castel Gandolfo t h i r t y Superiors of t h e R o m a n Province of t h e Brot h e r s of t h e C h r i s t i a n Schools. An a d d r e s s of h o m a g e w a s r e a d t o t h e P o p e in which t h e w o r k t h e Brot h e r s p e r f o r m in t h e Province, w h i c h comprises besides Rome, B e n e v e n t o , Naples, Pompeii, CataI nia, w a s detailed. T h e Pope j t h a n k e d t h e m for all t h e good t h e y | i did h i m , since good done t o o t h e r s w a s good done t o t h e V i c a r of Christ. H e blessed t h e m with g r e a t affection t o g e t h e r w i t h t h e i r 4,600 pupils of t h e R o m a n P r o vince.—"Universe." C O R N E R S T O N E S E N T B Y AIR. T h e c o m e r stone of t h e monum e n t a t Buenos Aires w h i c h will c o m m e m o r a t e last y e a r ' s E u c h a r i stic Congress w a s s e n t from the A r g e n t i n e by a i r to R o m e t o be blessed b y His Holiness, so t h a t it could be r e t u r n e d in t i m e f o r Oct o b e r 12th, t h e a n n i v e r s a r y of the Congress.

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T h e S t a t u e of M a r s h a l Foch T h e wife a n d children of Mr. which h a s been e r e c t e d a t T a r b e s in F r a n c e w a s unveiled on October Debuchi, a n a m b a s s a d o r of Japan, 2 7 t h , w h e n popular f e t e s w e r e held a r e Catholics. Madam and Miss in h i s h o n o u r . T h e F r e n c h Aca- i Debuchi a r e ex-pupils of t h e Cond e m y of which t h e M a r s h a l w a s a v e n t of t h e Sacred H e a r t a t Tokio, m e m b e r , w a s r e p r e s e n t e d a t t h e a n d y o u n g Mr. Debuchi is a pupil c e r e m o n y . M a r s h a l F o c h , t h e h e r o of t h e J e s u i t F a t h e r s in t h e same of 1918, w a s a d e v o u t Catholic, ; city, a n d is now completing his a n d one well-known f o r h i s piety. course in t h e U n i v e r s i t y of Tokio. D u r i n g his t e r m as Ambassador at | W a s h i n g t o n , Mr. Debuchi always A BLIND SURVEYOR. showed a r/.irticularly friendly attiJ o h n Metcalfe of K n a r s b o r o u g h i t u d e t o w a r d s t h e C h u r c h and in w a s b o r n blind in 1717, became consideration of t h i s , t h e present first a w a g o n e r a n d t h e n a guide. ! Holy F a t h e r conferred upon him I n t h e s e occupations h e so perfect- a h i g h P a p a l Knighthood. ed h i s sense of distance and direct i o n t h a t he became a s u r v e y o r V I E N N E S E BOYS' CHCIR. a n d p r o j e c t o r of r o a d s in difficult a n d m o u n t a i n o u s places. In all, h e m a d e 180 miles of m a i n r o a d s , T h e Viennese Boys* Choir now including t h e i r b r i d g e s , w a t e r - j t o u r i n g A u s t r a l i a , w a s founded 500 courses, e m b a n k m e n t s and walls, y e a r s a g o by t h e E m p e r o r of did all h i s own s u r v e y i n g , m a d e his ! A u s t r i a for his own chapel. It own p l a n s a n d had a s m a n y a s 400 \ w a s s u p p o r t e d entirely by succeedw o r k m e n working f o r h i m a t t h e \ i n g e m p e r o r s until t h e end of the s a m e t i m e on a single road. ' A u s t r i a n E m p i r e . T h e choir has been k e p t going since, first by the FAMOUS TELESCOPE F O R I p a t r o n a g e of its director and conI d u c t o r F a t h e r Schnikt, and now by H O N G KONG S E M I N A R Y . j m a k i n g t o u r s such a s t h e one to F r . T h o m a s Cooney, S. J . R e c t o r ! A u s t r a l i a . of t h e Regional S e m i n a r y a t Aberdeen, H o n g Kong supervised t h e ST. P A U L ' S INSTITUTION, d i s m a n t l i n g of t h e telescope a t RANGOON. M a r k r e e Castle, Callooney, Ireland w h i c h h a s been p u r c h a s e d b y t h e T h e B r o t h e r s of t h e Christian I r i s h J e s u i t s who a r e in c h a r g e of t h e S e m i n a r y . F r . Cooney w h o is . Schools recently celebrated the a g r a d u a t e of t h e f o r m e r College seventy-fifth a n n i v e r s a r y of their I t was on of Science, Dublin, will accompany l a n d i n g in Rangoon. t h e telescope on i t s j o u r n e y t o S e p t e m b e r 9, 1860 t h a t the first H o n g Kong. T h e telescope h a s i b a t c h of B r o t h e r s a r r i v e d in Randone valuable service a t M a r k r e e goon to open St. P a u l ' s Institution. C a s t l e a n d h a s a s s i s t e d in m a n y I A t p r e s e n t St. P a u l ' s is one of the n o t a b l e discoveries. One of t h e leading H i g h Schools in Burma, first t o incorporate t h e G r u b b r e - ! and m a n y of its old pupils hold f r a c t o r s , t h e telescope h a s a b a r r e l h i g h positions in t h e Government. t h i r t y feet in l e n g t h . P I N E A P P L E I N D U S T R Y IN JESSELTON, B. N . BORNEO. MALAYA. Carmelite Convent. Mr. Lee K o n g Chian, t h e 'Malayan P i n e a p p l e King', h a s j u s t reT h e Misses E v a a n d Beatrice P e r k i n s d a u g h t e r s of Mr. and Mrs. t u r n e d from a world t o u r and is H. G. P e r k i n s of t h e Medical De- of t h e opinion t h a t t h e pineapple p a r t m e n t Jesselton, B.N.B. and ; i n d u s t r y in t h i s c o u n t r y h a s a big T h e pineapple is a very Neices of Mr. a n d M r s . R. V. f u t u r e . C h a p m a n of N a i k b a n , Seremban, valuable a s s e t to Malaya and has N.S. 'have entered t h e Carmelite j now become a n i m p o r t a n t industry, Convent Jesselton B.N B. and i I t is i n t e r e s t i n g t o note t h a t pinejoined t h e i r elder s i s t e r Kate now apple skins which w e r e buried have Rev. S i s t e r T h e r e s e of t h e Child been found when d u g up two years J e s u s of t h e s a m e Convent. A re- • later, not t o h a v e decomposed. cord for M a l a y a — C o n g r a t u l a t i o n s . I This is c a u s i n g quite a problem to j t h e h e a l t h a u t h o r i t i e s who are I s e e k i n g a m e a n s to destroy them. FOLLY OF T H E WORLD. MR. J U S T I C E LANGTON. I t m a y n o t be known t h a t Mr. V o l t a i r e in his lifetime h a d said J u s t i c e L a n g t o n , a j u d g e of the t h a t in one h u n d r e d y e a r s t i m e t h e Divorce C o u r t in England is a Bible would not be e x t a n t . Vol- Catholic a n d one of t h e most brilt a i r e now is no m o r e ; b u t by a liant m e m b e r s of t h e English judis t r a n g e coincidence h i s own house | ciary. A l t h o u g h a s a Catholic he in P a r i s h a s become t h e head- does not believe in Divorce he is q u a r t e r s of t h e 'British and j y e t a s a j u d g e obliged to hear F o r e i g n Bible Society', and is piled | divorce s u i t s and pronounce senh i g h w i t h Bibles. t e n c e accordingly. ;

;

MALAYA

CATHOLIC

LEADER,

SATURDAY,

9th N O V E M B E R ,

J Y o u n g

P e o p l e ' s

(Continued)

Sometimes s h e w a s indignan* a t hearing s o m e o n e w a s not doing his d u t y ; b u t s h e corrected herself quickly a n d a p r a y e r WO ild escape her h e a r t : " O h , m y &.d, forgive h i m . . . T h e y do not u n d e r s t a n d . , niake t h e m good." So +his child prayed for s i n n e r s , became a real apostle f o r - t h e i r conversion did penance for t h e m , uniting t h e sufferings of h e r innocent *ody ^ i t h those of J e s u s crucified and the sinless M o t h e r . An i n t i m a t e friend writes: "When Anne spoke of s i n n e r s , one could feel t h e desolation of h e r soul, as if in some deep grief. W h e n she h e a r d that some u n f o r t u n a t e s i n n e r had offended God, s h e would s a y : "Oh, God a l m i g h t y , forgive him, lifting ^ r eyes t o H e a v e n with angelic candour, h e r face no m e r e t e r r e s T

S h e evidently suffered ?ome of t h e sufferings of J e s u s . **er countenance saddened a s if ™e evil h a d been done to herself. ? . t h e one g r e a t a m b i t i o n of ©ringing t h e m all back" t o God. t r i a l

P a g e

A N N E D E G U G N E <1911~1922> But t h i s once self-willed child excelled m o s t of all in t h e pr&'-iice of obedience. Thinking always of Jesus, loving H i m w i t h h e r whole h e a r t , t h i s saintly child imitated H i m in H i s obedience, even to d e a t h t h e d e a ; h of h e r cross. A n n e ' s obedience <tood out prominently in h e r daily life, so much so t h a t it became a v e r y part of h e r being a n d when h e r mother c a m e t o give t h e l a s t kiss at night, A n n e would sleepily m u r m u r : " Y e s , M a m a . " She would rise from bed a t t h e first call; now only perfect obedience and combined with a real spirit of penance could produce t h a t r e s u l t in one so young and in a m a t t e r so difFcult, even for g r o w n - u p s . T h e r e s t of the little f a m i l y knew well t h e i r own failings in t h i s m a t t e r ; " B u t of course, N e n e t t e a l w a y s g e t s up a t once," t h e y would say. Once visiting t h e convent, the S i s t e r s asked A n n e t o r e s t under t h e shadow of t h e t r e e s , a s she seemed tired. B u t A n n e h a d not e x p r e s s permission ' t o s i t : " Do you think I m i g h t sit down all t h e s a m e ? " s h e asked. H e r delicate conscience would not allow h e r until a u t h o r i t y h a d enlightened her. Loving J e s u s a s s h e did A n n e could not b u t h a v e a g r e a t a n d tender love for H i s holy m o t h e r . Her devotion w a s shown in ^ a n y ways, especially by h e r love of t h e Rosary; she never tired meditating on its m y s t e r i e s . Moreover, A n n e had a real u n d e r s t a n d i n g of t h e Sorrows of M a r y a n d loved t o invoke h e r u n d e r t h e title of " M a t e r Dolorosa," a n d t o t h i n k of h e r a t the foot of t h e Cross, and desired to s h a r e in h e r sufferings. When quite small s h e d r e w a p i c t u r e of Our Blessed L a d y and wrote beneath: " S t a n d i n g a t t h e foot of t h e cross, on w h i c h h e r Son w a s nailed M a r y w e p t Give m e grace to w e a p w i t h t h e e " ; a n d why? " B e c a u s e J e s u s is not loved enough." F o r h i s love H e received sin. Anne simply could not u n d e r stand t h i s . S h e could not give Him love e n o u g h . T h e " e r y m e n tion of sin caused h e r real DP i n : "How often did not h e r e y e s fill with t e a r s w h e n s h e h e a r d of sins committed in t h e world."

1935.

, S h e loved t h e m . " I t was h e i j o y j to be g i v e n a s i n n e r to save. A s I soon a s s h e understood t h e case I s h e would s a y : " I will a r r a n g e it," j a s if s h e h a d some compact w i t h I God. P r a y e r and self-sacrifices were h e r chief weapons, a n d t h e y were legion. S h e would g e t h e r b r o t h e r a n d s i s t e r s and friends, all, to help. N o t a soul would be lost a s f a r a s s h e w a s concerned.

S h e a l w a y s w a n t e d _ a _ s o u ! to save a n d k n o w i n g t h e n u n s often came a c r o s s h a r d cases, she would a s k t h e m for a p a r t i c u l a r case and, with charming modesty, say: "Sister, m a y we help you t o p r a y for some s i n n e r ? " "We iray, mayn't w e Mademoiselle, help Sister t o p r a y for t h e poor s o u l s ? " She would t h e n ask, t u r n i n g t o her governess. S h e would often a s k news a b o u t h e r sinner. W h a t joy s h e showed w h e n s h e heard h e died penitent, a n d how s h e gr*eve<* and often a s k e d new s about him, and multiplied h e r p r a y e r s and sacrifices, a n d a s k e d help from o t h e r s , if it w a s o t h e r w i s e : " I w a n t t h a t m a n t o go t o confession, M a m a , we m u s t g o on p r a y i n g for h i m . Since it is for His g r e a t e r glory J e s u s c a n n o t refuse me," she would say, w i t h childlike confidence. " T h a t m a n , " a specially h a r d e n e d case, called f o r the priest before h e died. Could J e s u s refuse t h i s j o y t o t h i s child w h o loved H i m so m u c h , who gi^eved because " J e s u s w a s not loved enough." "I speak to Him particularly a b o u t s i n n e r s . J e s u s cannot r e f u s e m e since it is f o r His greater glory." A n n e , b r o u g h t u p a m i d s t comfort a n d plenty, dearly *oved t h e poor. T h e y appealed t o h e r loving h e a r t , a n d above all, J e s u s especially loved t h e poor. She g r i e v e d t o h e a r h o w t h e y suffered in t h e w i n t e r ' s cold t h r o u g h w a n t of clothing or firewood. E v e r p r a c t i cal in h e r s y m p a t h y a n d love A n n e set to w o r k t o m a k e article? of clothing, a n d s h e w a s wonderfully skilful w i t h h e r h a n d s . Stockings and mufflers soon w a r m e d a n d comforted m a n y poor children. S h e could n o t m a k e t h e m t o o well, for t h e y w e r e for J e s u s ' poor. If t h e y h a d been m a d e for h e r own friends t h e y could not h a v e been m a d e w i t h m o r e devoted care. Often s h e g a v e up h e r toys t o t h e poor children not t h e c a s t off j o n e s — t h a t would h a v e been a h u r t j to J e s u s — b u t t h o s e she loved m o s t a n d w e r e least J a m a g e d : " O t h e r w i s e I should not be m a k i n g a sacrifice," s h e would say. H e a r i n g t h a t a poor w o m a n with f o u r children w a s in g r e a t d i s t r e s s t h r o u g h a fire, A n n e set to work secretly to help t h e m . She w a s v e r y skilful in m a k i n g fnncy articles. Soon a goodly collection of t h e s e w a s r e a d y . Permission to hold a b a z a a r w a s g r a n t e d . T h e d a y w a s settled for t h e opening. F r i e n d s were in /.ted. It w a s a g r e a t success. The v i c t o r s were only too h a p p y to p a y t h e fancy prices asked for A n n e ' s treasures. T h e r e w e r e wild fruits, g a t h e r e d from t h e w o o d s ; cakes and sweetm e a t s saved by A n n e a n d h e r little helpers and all t h e s w e e t e r because t h e y w e r e t h e f r u i t s of self-denial, saved from t h e i r own 7

NOT QUITE OLT. Gay Young Man: "1 say, Simpson, was I absolutely helpless when you put j me to bed last night?" Valet: " Oh, no, sir. You were able | to close your eyes entirely by yourself, ; sir." TOOLS. Visitor: " What do you intend to do i when you are released?" Gaolbird: " Open a jeweller's shop." Visitor: " Have you the means to do so?" Gaolbird: " Yes, my pal has kept my tools." AN EXPERT. The Judge was disgusted with the attempts of the accused to defend hirrself. " I've never seen such clumsy lying," he declared, why on earth don't you get a lawyer to act for you?" •LAYING OR LYING/ First Farmer (which is correct): "A hen is setting, or a hen is sitting?" Second Farmer: "I don't know and I don't care. All I bother about is when she cackles—is she laying or is she lying?" AN EASIER WAY. " B y the way, where is old Joe? Haven't seen him for over a week." " What! Haven't you heard about him?" "No! What's happened?" " Joe got three weeks for stealing a car." " Whatever did he want to ?teal a car for? Why didn't he buy one and not ! pay for it like a gentleman?"

"Every child needs milk every day."

s h a r e of t h e good t h i n g s . N o t least admired and in d e m a n d w e r e A n n e ' s own a r t i s t i c works, cradles scooped out of a c o r n s , little r u s h baskets, a n d m a n y o t h e r s . T h e v e n t u r e realised 30 francs, w h i c h w e r e immediately s e n t to console t h e suffering family. God often p u t s desire into t h e h e a r t s of those w h o t r u l y b v e H i m , even t h o u g h t h e s e desires will n e v e r b e realised. T h e f e r v e n t soul m e r i t s by t h e m and so increases in g r a c e a n d holiness. W e need not t h e n be surprised t h a t A n n e t h o u g h so y o u n g , y e a r n e d t o give herself wholly t o J e s u s " W h o w a s not loved e n o u g h . " She understood t h e m e a n i n g and p e r fection of t h e religious life, a n d desired a n d d e t e r m i n e d t o e n t e r a Carmelite convent. W h e n a s k e d w h y : " F o r t h e glory of *Jod," w a s h e r answer. F o r t h e s a m e end t h i s child enlightened by g r a c e , even w h e n quite small, loved t h e Gloria P a t r i , s o m e t i m e s s a y i n g it on every bead of h e r r o s a r y . B u t she wanted her little sister, M a r i n e t t e , t o come w i t i h e r a n d won her over. E v e r practical she began t o fit herself s t r a i g h t w a y : "You know, m y little Carmelite, we m u s t t r a i n ourselves to be able to enter C a r m e l . " A c t s of s a c r i fice and penance w e r e t h e p r a c t i cal m e a n s chosen. B u t w h e n t o w a r d s t h e end of h e r life t h i s holy child evidently felt her p r a y e r w a s h e a r d : " T h e n I tell H i m I should like t o see H i m , " s h e strove w i t h t h e m o s t touching e a r n e s t n e s s and perseverance to g e t a little companion t o t a k e h e r place should s h e die. A s t h e r e w e r e no s i g n s of a n e a r l y death t h i s child w a s s u r p r i s e d a n d puzzled till, finally, overawed b y

MILKMAID MILK

A n n e ' s e a r n e s t persistence, she promised. W e h a v e seen how t h e life of t h i s child of g r a c e w a s full of sacrifices, beyond count, joyfully u n d e r t a k e n a n d endured for t h e love of J e s u s : " J e s u s i s not loved e n o u g h ; I love J ^ s u s v e r y m u c h ; you see you m u s t love d e a r | J e s u s v e r y much, because H e suffered for u s ; n o t h i n g c o s t s w h e n we love J e s u s . " M o t h e r St. Raymond, A n n e ' s teacher, w h o knew h e r m o s t intimate*, v t e l l e u s : " I have k n o w n m a n y children b u t n e v e r one so perfect in e e r y w a y a s A n n e w a s . In each of t h e m t h e r e w a s some w e a k spot, b u t in h e r I could s e e none The more I t h i n k or h e r v i r t u e s , t h e m o r e I realise t h a t s h e m u s t h a v e completely renounced herself God g a v e h e r g r a c e , and s h e corresponded t o it w i t h t h e whole of h e r will." In t h a t last s e n t e n c e w e h a v e t h e simple t r u t h in brief and t h e secret of t h e wonderful holiness of A n n e . A s one of h e r confessors b e a r s w i t n e s s : " I n A n n e ' s poul t h e Holy Spirit could do all t h a t H e desired." She w a s in t h r o u g h earnest a n d so bravely looked f a c t s in t h e f a c e : " H o w shall I imitate J e s u s ? These are my f a u l t s : I a m inclined t o be proud a n d la^y so a daily s t r u g g l e is necessary for m e . " So r u n s a resolution m a d e in a r e t r e a t w h e n s h e w a s nine. A n d a y e a r l a t e r : "If t h e t i m e in class seems long, I will offer God t h e effort." T h o u g h t h e n u n s helped t h e o t h e r children in t h i n g s spiritual, t h e y wisely left A n n e a l o n e : " W h a t good shall I d o , " said Mother S t . Joseph, A n n e ' s a u n t , "God t e a c h e s t h a t c h H . " And Mother S t . R a y m o n d : " I g a v e h e r practically no special a d v i c e . . . . . . b u t m o s t children do n o t t a k e m u c h notice of general admonitions, while A n n e obeyed a t once and completely. T h a t w a s t h e remarkable thing about her." ( T o b e continued.) r

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FR. E. LELIEVRE AND THE LITTLE SISTERS OF THE POOR. A BRIEF HISTORY OF THE BEGINNINGS. (DRAWN FROM T H E EDITION WRITTEN BY T H E BENEDICTINES OF TEIGHMOUTH.) (SECOND INSTALMENT) trict, a Doctor of Law, and endowed with From the very beginning of Ernest such eminent qualities a s would open to Lelievre's stay in Rome, he found conhim a most brilliant future Hastengenial companions, one of whom in ing to escape from the ecclesiastical particular, Henry Edward Manning, was dignities which might be his, he has to be of great assistance to him in his chosen at once, not merely to become a apostoiate in England in after years and religious, but to enter the poorest and before long he was introduced to a humblest of all Orders, that which dedirector enlightened as to the way in mands an utter and complete renunciawhich God was calling him, and who tion of every kind, that of the Little could, and did guide him towards it. ! This w a s t h e Dominican artist, Pere Brothers of the Poor, recently founded; Besson, at this time Prior of St. Sabina, a rival in devotion to that of the Little whose gifts as a learned and spiritual Sisters." : leader of souls surpassed even those by THE WORK BEGINS. which he excelled in religious art. The first foundation made by Jeanne Later on, Ernest wrote, "For three Jugan was at Rennes, in 1842, and was years he was my confessor whilst I was quickly followed by others,; and when, studying theology, and he contributed in 1854, Father Lelievre joined the Sonot a little to my devoting myself to the ciety as "Auxiliary Priest and Little work of the Little Sisters of the Poor." Brother of the Poor" there were already Ernest passed his vacations at home, thirty houses established. in Lille, and specially enjoyed spending The beginnings of the house at Drnan .his time with the old men in the house (Britanny)—the second foundation made I of the Little Sisters, where, with great by Jeanne Jugan—had been exactly in j poverty, there was also great joy. unison with the spirit of the work. In | "Their chapel," he said, "is just like the six weeks time the sisters had charge I stable at Bethlehem, in its utter poverty, of six old women, chosen from amongst and the prayers offered up there must the oldest, the poorest, and the most be worth more than in many cathedrals, infirm of the many applicants, and numsince h e r e t h e y rise from the hearts that bers rapidly increased, more sisters beJesus loves best." ing sent from St. Servan. Their About this time h e heard that the Abbe poverty was great but, strong in their Le Pailleur had formed the plan of addtrust in God, the sisters bore privations . ing auxiliary priests to the Congregation bravely, praying their heavenly Father j of the Little Sisters, and that these to give them their daily bread, and, priests would themselves form a reliprepared for any sacrifice, however pain- j gious society. Here, it seemed to him, ful; they waited calmly and trustfully ! would lie the fulfilment of Louis Veuil- for Divine Providence to come to their Iot's words, that Ernest Lelievre ought aid. One winter's evening, the g o o i I to "become a Little Sister." The instruMother was just about to take a blanket j ment was being prepared, and the work from her own bed to give to one of the gradually shown to him which he had I poor women, when a parcel of bednot yet been able to discern clearly. On I clothes was brought to the door. The 27th March, 1853, he received the sub- j God of the Poor had heard their praydiaconate, and in the Lent of 1854, the j ers. diaconate. ! During the summer preceding Father In the month of March, M. PAbbe Le Lelievre's arrival, it had been found Pailleur came to Rome with the Superior that the first Home, with its three hundof the Little Sisters of the Poor, to solired aged inhabitants, was unsuited for cit the approbation of the Holy See on the definite establishment of the Motherthe Congregation. Piux; IX received house, and Novitiate. After some j them with an even unusual degree of trouble, a suitable estate was acquired j benignity and paternal kindness, and in the parish of St. Pern. The property awarded approbation as well to the Litpleased everybody: there was plenty of tle Sisters as to the missionary priests wood and water, a fine quarry of stones under the same Superior.. Lelievre for building, as well as sand. By a wrote later on: "After my painful un- happy coincidence, the Little Sisters took certainties and suffering, it now pleased possession on the Feast of St. Joseph of God to show His Holy will to me. All the estate called "La Tour" (The Tower), my uncertainties ceased the sacri- which now became La Tour St. Joseph fice must be great, but what could I re- and is still the Mother-house of the Sofuse to Him, to Whom I owe all." ciety, under the patronage of the great In June he was recalled to Lille by the St. Joseph, the chief Father and ProtecArchbishop of Cambrai, who intended tor of the work. to confer on him the Order of. priestAnd from this time until the end of hood; and after undergoing his final his days, the indefatigable "hare of God" examinations and being received in (Lelievre in French means hare; Father audience by the Holy Father, the Abbe Lelievre liked punning on his own name) Lelievre returned to Lille, where he made journeyed from place to place, from his second home at the house of the Litcountry to country, by sea and by land tle Sisters. We are told that on his on his work as "Founder." Strasbourg, first visit he asked and obtained leave in the last months of this same year saw to dine with the dear old men, who were his first essay, and it was a veritable enchanted to see him humbly seated with triumph, for in Strasbourg there were them and partaking of the same fare. 25,000 Protestants. The two first inH e delighted them by his conversation mates to be received were Protestants, and descriptions of the holy places he and very soon many others became Trad visited in Rome, and of his pilgrifriendly and assisted the work of mages. Some of the old men had been charity. servants in his f a t h e r s family. This foundation at Strasbourg was j A few months before his ordination to much like the first ones. It started in priesthood, Ernest Lelievre had an oca small way and the public kitchens for -casion of returning to Rome and there the poor supplied the first meals. Howof seeing again Pere Besson who at this ever, a little bread, wood, linen and oil time spoke the decisive word. "Our arrived every day, enough for their Lord wants you and wills you," he said, needs. Thus, whenever they received a "for the work of the Little Sisters. Do new inmate into their house, the Little not hesitate, then, to give yourself up Sisters were sure to receive a loaf; and t o it." Ernest wrote therefore, to the once, when they had received two poor Abbe Le Pailleur one of his frank letpeople, on that same day two loaves arters asking to be accepted and to conrived "Was not that to assure Thy sider himself as "belonging to the work, earthly children, O heavenly Father, and to the Abbe Le Pailleur as Supethat Thy Providence allied itself to their rior." Mr. Lelievre, though deeply charity ? " grieved at the approaching separation When they had admitted a certain from his beloved son, submitted t o . t h e number of women, they wished to receive Divine Will, received his priestly blessome men, but the hospice was so poor sing after his ordination and assisted at just then that they wishe4 to have some his first Mass, which he celebrated on supernatural motive for confidence. The Trinity Sundav, 3rd June, 1855. Little Sisters confided the matter to St. A few days later, the following notice Joseph, asking him that the first old appeared in the 'L'Univers' copied from man might be called Joseph. This, in 'La Verite' of Lille. the minds of the simple, trustful and "On the 3rd of this month. Father Le I confident Little Sisters, was at once a Pailleur, Director-General of the Instisentiment of piety towards their holy tute of the Little Sisters of the Poor, Protector and an appeal to his intervention under a perceptible form. Now the together with the Rev. Mother-General, Prefect's wife was greatly interested in arrived from Rennes, and came to assist, a poor old blind man, and came to proin the Church of Loos, a t the First High pose him a* an object for the Little Masr 0f A-youwr man of that parish. He Sisters' charity. He was a German, and 4s the eldest son of one of the richest and most honourable families of the dis-

the only Sister who could speak German was at work out of doors until the evening so no one could ask the question they had so much at heart until her return. He replied "my name is Joseph." Anc the Little Sisters were sure St. Joseph would not fail them. 1

After Strasbourg, Father Lelievre was sent to make a kind of visitation of the houses in the west of France, and then in the centre and south. On this tour, Marseilles, Montpellier and Perpignan, then Toulouse and Bordeaux in turn made his acquaintance. At this last place the Sisters had taken a house reputed to be haunted and with so bad a character that it was called the i "Devil's Castle." After some trouble, however, the evil influences were overcome, and the Little Sisters settled in their old folks in peace. "As for me," said Father Lelievre, " I slept soundly, laughing to think how God had drawn so much good for us out of the terrors of the boldest people." THE LITTLE WORK. A violent attack of fever struck Father Lelievre down in the spring of 1857, and for a whole month he was unable to say Mass. He was then sent to La Tour St. Joseph to recover strength, having been, as he himself said, "divided between fever and quinine." Although virtually supposed to be resting at the Mother-house, we find him most busily engaged in superintending the new buildings, laying out fields and, incidentally, constructing pigsties! To his spirit, nothing was trifling that was done for God; just as nothing was too poor, too ordinary for his own use: "If you have a cabbage," he would say, *and will boil it for me, I shall be well satisfied. Hares like cabbages." In May 1858 b* was sent to Paris and appointed Chaplain to the old men at the house in the Avenue de Breteuil. On being presented as Chaplain to the Archbishop (Cardinal Morlot), as a friend of Mr. Cochin, his Eminence granted all the necessary powers for his ministry, adding earnestly: "Stay in our diocese. Live there as long as possible—for always, if you can; I shall be delighted to have you." Among the most generous benefactors to the "little work" from 1857 and onwards, was M. Marest, whom we shall find often meet in company with Father Lelievre, and also Mme Ledieu. his sister, to whose great charity the Little Sis.ters and dear old people are much indebted. The first of their many gifts was the house at Amiens, which began in a small way with twenty old women only, but in less than a year (1859) Father Lelievre wrote that the Little Sisters were then able to house and care for two hundred old people. At the end of 1858, Father Lelievre left Paris for Rome where he made a considerable stay, having, on his arrival, a long audience with Pius IX and undertaking much business for the Society. Meanwhile, the benefactors in all parts were doing good work because they found, first, that the spirit of Poverty was Queen Regnant, and secondly, because they saw what good use was made of everything, no matter how small, that was given to the Little Sisters for their dear old people. One tradesman, who had grown rich in business, pondered in his mind over the voluntary burden assumed by these Sisters, supporting two hundred old and invalid persons who, but for them, would have been a public charge. Every Saturday, with his broad-brimmed hat on his head, a solid oak stick in his hand, and a well-lined pocket, he went to the market place. The vendors knew him well and exchanged some friendly words. He meanwhile, enquiring about the price of butter and cheese, scrutinised the articles with the eye of a professional. Then he would j make a sweep of the provisions, pay I cash, and have the stock taken to the Home for the aged Poor. Once he indulged in a little trick. The ass that dragged the Sisters' poor little cart, died. He bought one secretly, took it at daybreak to the door of the house fastening it to the bell, and then swiftlv withdrew round the corner to await events. The donkey, shaking its head, set the bell ringing, so that a Sister came down to investigate the cause cf the noise, and found the ass standing at the door. She, no doubt, euessed what was going on, for, after looking in vain for a while for the benefactor, she took the gentle animal in and shut the \ door. The donor left his hiding-place and went home with a light heart. May God bless and reward him. 5

(To be continued)

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12—A, Robinson Road, SINGAPORE. M A N C H U W O R K M A N DISC O V E R S M E A N I N G O F CROSS A F T E R C A R R Y I N G ONE FOR 35 Y E A R S . Fushun (Manchukuo)—The s t o r y of h o w a M a n c h u r i a n workm a n , a n o n - C h r i s t i a n , carried a crucifix for 3 5 y e a r s without knowi n g w h a t it signified and finally l e a r n e d i t s m e a n i n g a n d became a Catholic, comes f r o m Chia Tou, a m i s s i o n in t h e P r e f e c t u r e of Fus h u n , Manchukuo. T h e Maryknoll F a t h e r s of Chiao T o u iiave a bull e t i n board on t h e wall of tneir compound on w h i c h t h e y display p i c t u r e s of Catholic life from var i o u s p a r t s of t h e world. F i n d i n g on t h i s b o a r d something t h a t resembled t h e little trinket s u s p e n d e d f r o m h i s neck, a passerb y a s k e d one of t h e F a t h e r ' s what it m e a n t . F r o m t h e story which h e told t h e p r i e s t i t became evident t h a t h i s f a t h e r w a s a Christian kilied b y t h e B o x e r s during the u p r i s i n g of 1900. Before dying h e g a v e t h e crucifix t o his son, who a t t h a t t i m e w a s only a boy, and told h i m t o w e a r i t always. W h e n h e h a d finished his story a n d h a d h e a r d t h e explanation of t h e Cross t h e m a n said t h a t he wished t o a d o p t t h e religion of his father. H e b e g a n t h e study of C h r i s t i a n d o c t r i n e a n d h a s now been baptized. Father Alonso Escalante, a y o u n g Maryknoll Missionary bom in Merida, Y u c a t a n , a n d educated in t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s , is t h e Parish P r i e s t of Chiao T o u . (Fides) N E W M I S S I O N A R Y POSTS. Ujiji ( T a n g a n y i k a Territory)— T w o n e w m i s s i o n a r y posts opened t h i s y e a r b y t h e W h i t e F a t h e r s in t h e V i c a r i a t e of T a n g a n y i k a will b e e n t r u s t e d t o N a t i v e priests. T h e missionaries h a v e h a d to start e i g h t n e w mission stations in the p a s t nine y e a r s t o t a k e care of the l a r g e n u m b e r s of N a t i v e s seeking instruction. A l t h o u g h most of t h e p e t i t i o n s come from followers t h e p e t i t i o n s come TVT^elom JNaof t r i b a l cults, several1 Moslem ja t i v e s of t h e district around Kigoma-Ujiji h a v e visited the . m i s s i o n a r i e s a t n i g h t to enqun a b o u t t h e Catholic religion, 1 " m u s t conceal t h e i r interest becaus of t h e t e r r i b l e r e p r i s a l s J J ^ j g a p o s t a t e Moslems a r e t h « * « K

THE world's goods will b e achieved, i n which every citizen m a y enjoy t h e highest possible s t a n d a r d of m a t e rial comfort a n d h a p p i n e s s . T o that claim h i s t o r y gives t h e lie. Those a i m s a r e Catholic aim?. The Catholic C h u r c h from i t s cradle h a s been t h e s t o u t e s t d e fender of t h e d i g n i t y , t h e liberty and t h e r i g h t s of m a n , t h e g r e a t e s t protector of t h e down-trodden a n d the oppressed. C e n t u r i e s before the crude m a t e r i a l i s m of M a r x was conceived, c e n t u r i e s before t h e coming of t h e m a c h i n e a g e a n d the problem of t h e p r o l e t a r i a t , t h e Church w a s p r o c l a i m i n g t h e fundamental equality of ev^ry h u m a n being, a n d b y h e r m o r a l t e a c h i n g and h e r s a n c t i o n s w a s p r o t e c t i n g the weak from exploitation a n d working t o w a r d s social iustice. From t h e fight a g a i n s t p a g a n absolutism a n d slavery down t o the magnificent encyclicals of Leo and Pius, s h e h a s been t h e worker's best friend a n d t h e s t r o n g e s t influence f o r social reform. But if t h e a i m s of Socialism a n d Communism a r e t h e a i m s of t h e Church, t h e r e t h e resemblance ends. W h e n w e come t o t h e q u e s tion of m e a n s , t h e difference is abysmal. Socialism a n d Communism m a i n t a i n t h a t t h e m e a n s t o social j u s t i c e is t o abolish p r i v a t e property; Christianity asserts that the m e a n s t o social justice is t o retain a n d e x t e n d i t . A Moral Difference. Why this discrepancy? Now, we shall miss t h e whole point of t h e Catholic d o c t r i n e unless w e realise t h a t t h e difference here is not, a s is often t h o u g h t , a m e r e difference of opinion o d economic technique. I t i s a m u c h m o r e fundamental difference—a psychological a n d m o r a l difference. I t is t h a t t h e r e is a r a d i c a l contradiction between t h e C h r i s t i a n a n d t h e Socialist concept of h u m a n n a t u r e and h u m a n d e s t i n y ; a n d it is ultimately on t h i s q u e s t i o n t h a t ^he social r e f o r m e r m u s t choose b e tween t h e t w o . The Socialist o r Communist, taking h i s s t a n d on t h e funda mental M a r x i a n principle that everything in life is based on economics, m a k e s t h e individual a product of, a n d t h e r e f o r e entirely subordinate to, society. Socialist philosophy, like t h e philosophy of Marx a n d of H e g e l , from w h o m Marx borrowed s o m u c h is essentially antipersonal. M a n , it holds, is by n a t u r e a p r o d u c i n g unit of society. H i s social a n d economic activities e x h a u s t t h e whole significance of life.

WORKERS'

BEST

FRIEND

( C O N T I N U E D F R O M P A G E 1> b i r t h t o d e a t h , house*i by t h e S t a t e , herded t o w o r k by .he S t a t e , amused by t h e S t a t e , forced to accept t h e economic a n d political and philosophical outlook of t h e S t a t e ; w h e r e t h e individual in fact is t u r n e d into a S t a t e si ive. This concept also leads t o t h e denial of t h e r i g h t of p r i v a t e p r o p e r t y ; b u t i t s consequences a r e m j c h m o r e disastrous t h a n t h a t . Individual R i g h t s . Similarly, t h e defence of t h e r i ^ h t of private p r o p e r t y is only one of t h e m a n y consequences of t h e Christian concept of m a n . W h a t immediately characterises the Christian concept is t h e dignity of t h e individual. I t m e a n s t h a t m a n can never be t h e c h a t t e l of a government, for h u m a n existence h a s a n absolute w o r t h , a n intrinsic value. It m e a n s t h a t each individual, be h e black or w h i t e , ri^h or poor, clever or stupid, h o s certain inalienable r i g h t s t h a t n o h u m a n a u t h o r i t y can ever t a k e a w a y .

t h a t t h e dominion over t h i n g s which belongs t o h i m by n a u r e zan be displayed, it is absolutely necessary for m a n t o have a personal stable r i g h t of property. This, t h e m o s t profound reason for property, is t h e n directly d r a w n from t h e personality of m a n a n d from t h e personal c h a r a c t e r of work. If p r i v a t e p r o p e r t y were abolished, personality could never be actively developed. M a n would be from t h e physical point of view little b e t t e r t h a n an a n i mal T h e a n i m a l is devoid of liberty precisely because all i t s activities a r e d e t e r m i n e d from without and bent towards ends which t h e a n i m a l cannot choose. f

Similarly t h e h u m a n being, d e prived of p r o p e r t y , would be in practice denied t h e exercise of liberty, reduced t o t h e level of a m a c h i n e fed a n d m a n i p u l a t e d from t h e outside, t h r u s t into a mechanical economy w h e r e all internal s p o n t a n e i t y would be suffocated. Once again, i t is profoundly t r u e t h a t t h e t h e o r y of communal p r o p e r t y m u s t be based on a n a n t i personal concept of t h e individual, t h a t personal l i b e r t y a n d t h e r i g h t of p r o p e r t y g o h a n d in hand.

Amongst t h e s e r i g h t s is t h e r i g h t of p r i v a t e p r o p e r t y . L e t us. therefore, examine i t m o r e clcsely. If t h e question be asked w h e t h e r m a n h a s a r i g h t t o p r i v a t e prop e r t y , t h e first t h i n g t o be noticed Such, then, in brief outline a r e is t h a t in t h a t f o r m t h e question t h e Catholic principles o p r o p e r t y is a n a b s u r d one. A n y discussion T h e r e a r e m a n y o t h e r c o g n a t e about t h e r i g h t s of m a n m u s t first questions of i m p o r t a n c e , such a s presuppose t h a t m e n exist. N o w our d u t y w i t h r e g a r d t o superflua m a n cannot e x i s t w i t h o u t a t ous w e a l t h ; b u t t o deal w i t h t h e m least food a n d drink, food a n d would lengthen a lecture t h a t is drink t a k e n into h i s body, t r a n s - ! already too long. I h o ^ e it is a t formed b y metabolism into flesh j least clear t h a t t h e Catholic d e and bone and sinew, a n d conse- fence of p r i v a t e p r o p e r t y is inexquently becoming h i s p r i v a t e pro- tricably bound u p with t h e C<v hop e r t y in a peculiarly i n t i m a t e lic outlook on l i f e ; a n d t h a t t h e sense. P r i v a t e p r o p e r t y of t h a t purpose of t h e C h u r c h ' s e m p h a s i s kind, therefore, is n o t only a n a t u - is t o spread p r i v a t e .wnership ral r i g h t , b u t a condition sine q u a ever m o r e a n d m o r e widely, t h e non of living a t all. distribution of w e a l t h .

It is t h e logical working-out of " » s concept t h a t h a s m a d e R u s s i a * country w h e r e t h e individual is dragooned and r e g i m e n t e d from

;

But w h a t is debated is t h e r i g h t to accumulate goods, t o u s e t h e m for subsequent production, t o ex tend p r i v a t e o w n e r s h i p t o such t h i n g s a s lands or m i n e r a l s , t o extend it even beyond t h e limits of h u m a n life so t h a t it can be disposed of a f t e r d e a t h t o chiJdren or h e i r s — t h e s e a r e t h e points in dispute. Let us then, w i t h o u t going m t o t h e t h o u s a n d n u a n c e s of t h e denial of p r i v a t e p r o p e r t y , c o n c e n t r a t e on t h e main t h e s i s of t h e Catholic teaching, namely, t h a t private ownership is a n a t u r a l r i g h t . Animals can h a v e only a t r a n s i t o r y enjoyment of e x t e r n a l goods. I m m e d i a t e consumption suffices for t h e m , a n d t h e r e f o r e t h e y h a v e no r i g h t of p e r m a n e n t p r o p e r t y . Necessity Of O w n e r s h i p . B u t with m a n i t is different. By reason of h i s intelligence he t r a n s c e n d s t h e world of sense, and can s e t before himself e^ds t o be achieved in t h e f u t u r e . Moreover, while for animals t h e table i?, so j t o speak, laid b y n a t u r e , m a n finds few goods in n a t u r e w h * :h h e can use in t h e i r r a w s t a t e . Before h e can live on t h e e a r t h h e m u s t cult i v a t e it a n d h e m u s t produce other necessities, like clothxng and houses, by artifice. N o w in o r d e r t h a t t h i s power m a y be exercised (and ev>ry power is given t o be e x e r c i s e d ; , in c d e r r

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A Summing Up. In conclusion, w h a t is to be said of t h e criticisms which I m e n tioned a t t h e o u t s e t ? I t is n o t difficult t o a n s w e r t h e m . As r e g a r d s t h e quotation from t h e A c t s of t h e Apostles, o n e need only r e a d t h e passage t o s e e t h a t ~he Com- , m u n i s m of t h e early Christians in j J e r u s a l e m w a s purely voluntary, t h a t Ananias w a s punished not b e cause he refused t o give up. h i s j p r i v a t e p r o p e r t y — i t is e x p r e s s l y s t a t e d t h a t h e w a s free t o do so or n o t — b u t because h e Fpd. A s for t h e v o l u n t a r y Communism of t h e religious orrlers, it is surely clear t h a t t h e r e is a v a s t difference between t h e voluntary s u r r e n d e r of a n a t u r a l right f o r spiritual motives a n d t h e u n i v e s a l denial of t h a t right t o all mankind One m i g h t a s well i-rgue t h a t celibacy is t h e b e s t s t a t e of life for all m a n k i n d because m o n k s a n d clerics adopt it. r

From t h i s f u n d a m e n t a l concept flow all t h e p h e n o m e n a of Bolshevism: t h e proscription of religion, t h e b r e a k d o w n of t h e family, "the r e g i m e n t a t i o n of i n d u s t r y , t h e State control of education, t h e abolition of free speech, free criticism, free assembly, a free p r e s s . The reason is t h a t such a concept of h u m a n n a t u r e m a k e s of t h e individual a c y p h e r ; it reduces h i m to t h e level of a c o g in a machine, * a n t in a n a n t h e a p , a bee 'n a hive.

these a r e spiritual, not material motives. H e r e w e touca on t h e inevitable a n d i n t r i n s i c contradiction of C o m m u n i s t t h e o r y . On a basis of m a t e r i a l i s m C o m m u n i s t s wish t o impose a life suited t o Cistercians. A s V l a d i m i r Soloviev neatly p u t s i t t h e y a r g u e like t h i s : " W e a r e descended frDm monk e y s ; t h e r e f o r e it is o u - d u t y t o love one a n o t h e r . " T h e a r g u m e n t will not work. If t h e world w e r e inhabited exclusively b y s a i n t s seeking a f t e r spiritual perfection, a v o l u n t a r y C o m m u n i s m — a n d only a volunnot a n imposed Comtary, m u n i s m — m i g h t b e feasible, a n d one m i g h t s p e a k of " C h r i s t i a n i t y in p r a c t i c e . " B u t t o apply t h o s e terms to Marxian Communism, w i t h its m a t e r i a l i s t philosophy a n d its anti-personal principles, is simply t o play w i t h worls. Comm u n i s m of t h e R u s s i a n t y p e is possible only b y d e n y i n g e v e r y spiritual value f o r which C h r i s t i anity stands. F o r t h a t reason, too, < « C h u r c h , in defending t h e n a t u r a l right of p r i v a t e p r o p e r t y , is a t t h e s a m e t i m e defending t h o s e r i g h t s a n d dignities w i t h o u t which life is n o t w o r t h living, t h e s e spirilua! v a l u e s which alone give a m e a n i n g t o h u m a n s t r i v i n g , " t h a t liberty w i t h which C h r i s t has made us free."

Yet those clumsy criticisms h a v e stumbled upon an i m p o r t a n t t r u t h — o n t h e t r u t h th.it Communism in a n y d e g r e e requires a high s t a t e of spirituality, a n d is u t t e r l y illogical on a b a s i s of materialism. F o r if you a r e a materialist, w h y be a C o m m u n i s t ? W h a t motive h a v e you t o w o r k for others, o r for t h e c o m m u n i t y a t l«rge?

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DO YOU LOVE YOUR CHILDREN? READ ON:

needs milk

TAKE THIS CHILD A N D BRING HIM U P FOR M E " T h e child b e l o n g s , n o t t o p a r e n t s , b u t t o God. H i s i m m o r t a l soul is a g e m f r o m t h e t r e a s u r y of H e a v e n , a n d n o w i t is e n t r u s t e d t o y o u , b u t o n e d a y you will h a v e t o r e s t o r e t o God t h i s g e m unsullied, nay. more beautiful. H o w e a s i l y a m o t h e r ' s love c a n become i m p r u d e n t , e x t r a v a g a n t ! A f t e r all, i t i s h e r d a r l i n g s h e o v e r whelms with caresses. The smalle s t sacrifice h e m a k e s often d r a w s forth e x t r a v a g a n t praise. Her t e n d e r n e s s k n o w s n o bounds. T r u e ISN'T

MOTHER?

When buttons come of and clothes are worn, If accidents happen and rents are torn, Holes in our stockings and holes in our socks, Places to mend in our jackets and frocks, Whom do we find is our truest friend? Isn't it mother who's ready to mend? If

things all go wrong, and we've heavy hearts. Squabbles and tumbles, bruises and smarts, If fingers are cut or scratched or burnt, If lessons are hard, and won't be learnt, Whenever there's trouble, whenever there's pain, Isn't it mother we come to again? If sickness should lay us low on our bed, With weary limbs and an aching head; When fever renders us helpless and weak, And steals the colour away from our cheek; When suffering comes as it sometimes will, Isn't it mother we look to still? When sunshine enfolds our lives with light, And everything goes smooth and bright; If pleasures abound and sweet success, Fills us with radiant happiness; When blessings are poured on her girl or boy, Isn't it mother who's full of joy? Whenever our sorrows bow us low, It n't it mother to whom we go? Whenever we're tired by bitter grief, Isn't it mother who gives us relief? Even when grown-up women and men, Isn't it mother we cling to then? ,

every day"

whose love is blind s a y s , " I n m y child I love myself." T h i s d e t e r mines h e r attitude towards h i m ; a n d lo ! t h e vine t h a t should b e a r sweet f r u i t r e m a i n s wild, b a r r e n and unruly. " F o r y o u t h e plan of s a l v a t i o n is e a s y , " said a Bishop r e c e n t l y , a d d r e s s i n g a sodality of Catholic M o t h e r s . " Y o u r r e w a r d is w i t h i n PROVERBS CONCERNING y o u r g r a s p w i t h o u t m u c h difficulty. CHILDREN. J u s t b e good wives a n d good F u t u r e Catholic child s t u d e n t s mothers. Avoid spoiling y o u r children, a n d a b o v e all, avoid t h e m i g h t do well t o analyse f r o m t h e selfish i d e a s w h i c h would h a v e you s t a n d p o i n t of educational p s y c h o r e g a r d m a r r i a g e m e r e l y a s a c h a n c e logy some of t h e g r e a t h e r i t a g e of proverbs concerning t h e t r a i n i n g for m o r e e n j o y m e n t . " of little children which a r e found S u r e l y g r e a t P a t i e n c e a n d F o r - in Catholic countries. H e r e a r e a j bearance are necessary. B u t few from a h u n d r e d t h a t h a v e P a r e n t s m u s t act p r u d e n t l y , o t h e r - been collected from m a n y l a n d s . j wise p a t i e n c e a n d f o r b e a r a n c e will * * * * * * end in w e a k n e s s â&#x20AC;&#x201D; a fertile soil for U p t o h i s fifth year, t h e child is every k i n d of p e r v e r s i t y a n d p a s sion. " T h e y a r e n o t so b a d a f t e r y o u r m a s t e r ; up t o his t e n t h , h e fifteenth all ; t h e y will g r o w out of it a s is y o u r s e r v a n t ; up to h i s t h e y g r o w older." W i t h such your councellor; and a f t e r t h a t h e words often t h e f a u l t s of children is e i t h e r y o u r friend o r y o u r ! a r e p a s s e d o v e r b y weak, t h o u g h t - enemy. * * * * * * less p a r e n t s . Oh, M o t h e r s , if you knew how m a n y sons and daughChildren a r e t h e pledge of wadt e r s h a v e been r u i n e d t h r o u g h t h e ded life, m o t h e r ' s best p l a y m a t e s , indulgence of w e a k p a r e n t s , y o u t h e blessing on t h e house, t h e poor would be horrified. How m a n y man's riches. lives, full of p r o m i s e , h a v e ended * * * * * * on t h e r o a d of c r i m e or on t h e Children h a v e t h e i r a n g e l s . scaffold, b e c a u s e p a r e n t s w e r e t o o Children speak t h e t r u t h . (Sinweak a n d i n d u l g e n t t o check t h e ! little f a u l t s a n d passions in child- cerity.) hood ! So e a s y in t h e b e g i n n i n g , * * * * * * a f t e r w a r d s it w a s too late. N o b o d y Little children t r e a d on y our can pull t h e s t r o n g , deeply rooted t r e e , b u t p a r e n t s can b e n d t h e f e e t ; g r o w n children t r e a d on y o u r heart. young trees.

"MILKMAID" MILK

Parents, make your homes the Children learn as m u c h w i t h S a n c t u a r y of t h e F a m i l y a s it w a s t h e i r e y e s a s t h e y do w i t h t h e i r intended in t h e Divine p l a n . A ears. Sanctuary where the budding * * * * * * faults a r e carefully nipped, w h e r e Children o u g h t not t o k n o w t h a t youthful experience m i g h t b e saved t h e i r p a r e n t s h a v e money. from t h e perils of t h e world. F r o m * * * * * * all e t e r n i t y , God intended y o u r Children notice m o r e w h a t old home t o be a s a n c t u a r y w h e r e t h e | folks do t h a n w h a t t h e y s a y . g e n t l e n e s s of m o t h e r h o o d a n d t h e j * * * * * * s t r e n g t h of f a t h e r h o o d should be . A child can never g e t a n o t h e r I your child's h e r i t a g e , a n a d m i r a b l y blending tuition designed t o lead m o t h e r , b u t t h e f a t h e r c a n g e t a n childhood along p a t h s of w i s d o m other wife. * * * * * age and grace." Much-loved children h a v e m a n y T h e g r a c e of p a r e n t h o o d imposes j n a m e s . most s e r i o u s obligations. In t h e * * * * * p e r s o n s of f a t h e r s a n d m o t h e r s One-third of a child t a k e s a f t e r God h a s raised u p n a t u r a l p r o t e c - its f a t h e r . t o r s for t h e s u p p o r t of helpless * * * * * infancy. T h e solemn duties which L i t t l e children, little c a r e s ; big h u s b a n d s a n d wives owe t o each o t h e r a r e not m o r e sacred t h a n t h e children, b i g cares. * * * * obligation s h a r e d equally b y b o t h A poor child is as h a p p y in playin r e g a r d t o t h e d e p e n d a n t lives for w h i c h t h e C r e a t o r h a s m a d e ing w ith pennies as a r i c h child t h e m responsible. with gold coins. In time of sunshine, in time of rain, T h e w e i g h t of t h i s obligation is ! In time of pleasure, in time of pain, A child t h a t does n o t play a n d not diminished a s t h e i n f a n t ad- j does n o t w a g its t o n g u e is n o t In time of sickness, in time of health, vances t o adolescence. A t this healthy. In time of trial, in time of wealth, critical a g e of g r o w t h a n d c h a n g e Whenever it be, whatever the call, * * * * * t h e childish simplicity of life beIsn*t it mother who's best of all? j gins t o d e p a r t . W h e n life w i t h i t s ! A LONG STRETCH. b e w i l d e r m e n t s unfolds before t h e I Mrs. Bat: "Don't tell me youi huseyes of a child, t h e r e should s t a n d I band is in .prison again." m a t e r n a l love s e e s in t h e child one beside t h e child a good f a t h e r and j Mrs. Ball: "Yes, he is." o f G o d ' s c r e a t u r e s w h o m s h e de- m o t h e r t o i n t e r p r e t t h e vision. B o t h Mrs. Bat: "What has he done now?" Mrs. Ball: "He was caught stealing s i r e s t o k e e p p u r e a n d noble for f a t h e r a n d m o t h e r a r e needed. Him W i t h t h i s ideal b e f o r e h e r , E a c h h a s s o m e t h i n g to give w h i c h 50 yards of elastic for me." Mrs. Bat: "Well, I'm afraid he'll get s h e p r u d e n t l y r e g u l a t e s r e w a r d s no o t h e r person can supply. a long stretch for that." Td p u n i s h m e n t s . B u t t h e m o t h e r r

RECIPES. A n Economical W a y to Dress a Rabbit. Divide a n d c u t t h e rabbit in joints, a n d half-a-pound of pickled pork i n t o slices, shred an onion fine, a n d f r y t h e whole a nice brown. T h e n p u t t h e m into a stew-pan, w i t h j u s t sufficient water to cover t h e m . Season it highly with p e p p e r a n d salt, and let it s i m m e r for a q u a r t e r of an hour or t w e n t y m i n u t e s . Then thicken t h e g r a v y w i t h a piece of butter rolled in flour; add a few forcemeat balls, a n d let it a g a i n simmer until t h e g r a v y is t h e consistency of thick c r e a m . * * * * * S t e w e d Rabbit. Cut a r a b b i t in joints and wash in w a r m w a t e r , dry well, and sprinkle w i t h a little flour. Put two ounces of dripping in a saucep a n ; w h e n q u i t e hot and a faint blue s m o k e a r i s e s p u t in t h e joints of r a b b i t , a n d brown slightly. Peel a n d c u t f o u r onions in rings, add t o t h e r a b b i t , and fry. Drain off t h e dripping, add h o t water to well cover t h e rabbit, and (if used, half-a-pound of bacon or pork cut in s t r i p s ) let it boil; t a k e off the scum, and let it s i m m e r one hour. Mix one ounce of flour, a little salt, pepper, a n d sauce in a basin, add a little w a t e r , m a k e it i n t o a paste; pour a n d s t i r t h i s in with t h e rabbit, a n d let it s i m m e r half an hour m o r e ; s t i r once o r twice. Savoury Roast. R u b half-an-ounce of dripping into t h r e e ounces of bread crumbs, chop a small onion and add to the c r u m b s , w i t h a little sage, salt, and p e p p e r ; s t i r in a tablespoonful of milk t o bind t h e m i x t u r e , place on one end of a pound of beef cut thin in one slice, and roll up. Fasten w i t h s t r i n g , p u t i n t o a Dutch oven w i t h t w o ounces of dripping, and r o a s t a b o u t one hour, basting frequently. T o Broil Chops or S t e a k s . See t h a t t h e fire is b r i g h t and clear. G r e a s e t h e b a r s of the gridiron, p e p p e r t h e chop or steak on b o t h sides, place it on t h e gridiron, a n d broil, e i t h e r before or over t h e fire, f r o m five to seven minutes, a c c o r d i n g t o thickness. Turn very often. P u t t h e meat on a hot d i s h . Beef CollopsA r e done in t h e s a m e f a y kidneys, s u b s t i t u t i n g of beef-steak for the kidnev.

CHURCH'S INFLUENCE ON WORLD: SUBJECT OF RADIO ADDRESS. ACHIEVEMENTS OF MISSIONARIES DISCUSSED BY MSGR. QUINN ON 'CATHOLIC HOUR'

" N e v e r h a s t h e C h u r c h been m o r e widespread t h a n s h e is today. N e v e r before in h e r h i s t o r y h a v e h e r missionary r a n k s been m o r e complete a n d far-flung a n d t r u l y Catholic—made u p of p r i e s t s a n d n u n s of all n a t i o n s a n d of all colours. H a d you a d v e n t u r e d w ith A d m i r a l B y r d to t h e S o u t h Pole, or crossed t h e frozen N o r t h in a dirigible with Nobile a n d Ellsw o r t h and A m u n d s e n , it is almost a certainty that the nearest white m e n or women to you would h a v e been Catholic p r i e s t s or n u n s lab o u r i n g in bleak regions for t h e b e t t e r m e n t of t h e poor or t h e relief of t h e afflicted. " T h a n k God, t h e sublime t a s k of t h e Catholic C h u r c h is still being gloriously c a r r i e d on. Her g r e a t e s t t r i u m p h is in i n s p i r i n g chosen men and women to m a k e t h e i r lives Christ-like—to find h a p p i n e s s for t h e m s e l v e s , a n d to b r i n g t h a t h a p p i n e s s t o countless o t h e r s . In t h e m i d s t of p o v e r t y and t r a g i c disease t h e m i s s i o n a r y gives t o his poor people F a i t h and Hope. To unlettered people living in a world of doubt a n d of conflicting creeds t h e Catholic m i s s i o n a r y b r i n g s 'one Lord, one F a i t h , one B a p t i s m . ' In an atm o s p h e r e of selfishness a n d of materialism the missionary teache s — y e s , and p r a c t i c e s — t h e char i t y of C h r i s t . " j j h [

New Y o r k . — N e v e r before in I Cross of Christ b o r n e b y missionhistory h a v e t h e m i s s i o n a r y r a n k s aries from t h e E t e r n a l City, conoi the C h u r c h been m o r e complete quered t h e N o r t h m e n . A t t h e very and far-flung t h a n today, t h e Rt. t i m e w h e n religious revolt was Kev. Msgr. William Quinn, Na- r a g i n g in Europe, F r a n c i s Xavier tional Director of t h e Society for and his missionaries w e r e convertthe Propagation of t h e F a i t h , said ing millions to t h e F a i t h in India, in an a d d r e s s delivered last night J a p a n , and t h e F a r E a s t . over t h e "Catholic H o u r . " The "It is not easy to define civiliaddress, entitled " T h e C h u r c h and zation. It must include an orgaCivilization," was t h e first of a nized civil code m a k i n g for t h e series of six to be delivered by security of life and p r o p e r t y and Monsignor Quinn. for t h e mutual relationship of The "Catholic H o u r " is broad- t r u s t and confidence between m a n cast over a n e t w o r k of t h e and m a n , between nation and National B r o a d c a s t i n g Company, nation. Civilization is not meathrough Station W E A F , h e r e , and sured by advance in mechanical is produced by t h e N a t i o n a l Coun- appliances, or even in elegance of cil of Catholic Men. A r t or refinement of m a n n e r s . "The Catholic C h u r c h , " Mon- Steam-engines, m o t o r - c a r s , elecsignor Quinn said, " h a s exercised tric lighting, telephones, a r e not an unparalleled influence in t h e g u a r a n t e e s of its advance. As t h e history of t h e world a n d in t h e missionaries went f o r t h with aulives of nations. Historical t r u t h t h o r i t y to teach t h e nations t h e compels t h e acknowledgment t h a t Gospel of Christ, t h e y bore w ith she h a s been t h e m o s t c o n s t a n t t h e m a system of m o r a l t e a c h i n g and bountiful p r o t e c t o r t h a t Di- based on t h e eternal principles of vine Providence h a s e v e r bestow- justice, honesty, a n d t r u t h . W i t h (N.C.W.C.) ed upon t h e h u m a n race. Set up t h e s e and t h e t e a c h i n g of F a i t h in t h e world for t h e benefit of t h e y w e r e to r e s t o r e t h e world. INDO-CHINESE BONZE man, it is not of h u m a n , but F a i t h and morals w e r e t h e i r t e a c h of divine origin. No h u m a n ing, and no complete civilization is CONVERTED BY OLD agency could b r i n g it into be- conceivable w i t h o u t them; by SCHOOL-MATE. ing, none could h a v e preserved t h e s e alone t h e discipline of t h e Bac-Ninh, (Indo-China) — A it d u r i n g 1900 y e a r s . No merely mind a n d t h e discipline of t h e will human power could h a v e achieved a r e compassed, and t h i s discipline well-known y o u n g bonze of V i n h what it h a s accomplished, no h u - b r i n g s a b o u t t h e m o r a l elevation Yen, Indo-China, a m e m b e r of a n influential B u d d h i s t family, h a s man pow er can d e s t r o y it. of a p e o p l e ; t h i s is a v i t a l point of Scourge H a l t e d b y P o p e . social well-being, for social well- been received into t h e C h u r c h by "The downfall of t h e Roman being is civilization in act. This t h e Spanish Dominican missionaries of t h e V i c a r i a t e of B a c N i n h , Empire in t h e s i x t h c e n t u r y w a s w a s t h e aim of t h e m i s s i o n a r i e s . T o n k i n g . It is believed t h a t t h i s a most m o m e n t o u s h a p p e n i n g for Benefits to H u m a n Race. conversion m a y h a v e i m p o r t a n t society. The Goths, t h e Huns, " T h e missionaries h a v e contri- repercussions a n d s t a r t a m o v e the Vandals, t h e L o m b a r d s broke buted one of the g r e a t e s t benefits down t h e m a t e r i a l power of t h e to t h e h u m a n race by t h e i r con- m e n t of conversions t h r o u g h o u t Roman E m p i r e forever. They s t a n t defence of t h e people a g a i n s t t h e e n t i r e province. T h e y o u n g bonze h a d been sickoverran Italy, s p r e a d i n g fire and t y r a n n y and by t h e c h a m p i o n s h i p ly from childhood. Following t h e destruction. T h i r s t i n g for t h e of t h e poor and oppressed. The destruction of t h e Imperial City, C h u r c h h a s always stood for t h e advice of a fortune-teller, h e hoped to recover his h e a l t h b y dedithe all-devouring h o r d e s of Attila, liberties of men. c a t i n g himself t o t h e service of "The Scourge of God," are "I feel it is superfluous for m e B u d d h a . On a visit t o his h o m e brought t o a s t a n d outside i t s very gates. T h e uplifted h a n d of Leo to speak to an A m e r i c a n audience n o t long a g o he m e t a boyhood the G r e a t t u r n s b a c k t h e B a r b a - on w h a t our civilization ow es to c h u m w h o h a d become a C h r i s t i a n . rians and R o m e is saved. B u t for t h e missionaries. All of us A m e - H i s friend spoke t o h i m of t h e re200 y e a r s a f t e r t h a t t h e succes- ricans, w h e t h e r we b e Jewish, ligion of C h r i s t and explained t h e sors of P e t e r looked out upon a P r o t e s t a n t or Catholic, appreciate words of t h e "Our F a t h e r . " T h i s desolated E u r o p e and a dying w h a t t h e Catholic m i s s i o n a r y h a s s t a r t e d a new t r a i n of t h o u g h t in T h e t h e m i n d of t h e y o u n g bonze a n d civilization. The h u m a n race had m e a n t t o our own c o u n t r y . been t h r o w n back 2,000 y e a r s . b r i g h t e s t chapters in t h e early h e began to ponder t h e absolute Violence, lawlessness, ignorance, h i s t o r y of these U n i t e d S t a t e s , necessity of a God, a F a t h e r , inw o r t h y of b e i n g adored brutality, w e r e t h e d o m i n a t i n g w e r e w r i t t e n by holy pioneer finitely p r i e s t s . I need only mention some a n d loved. Before long h e w a s and all-mastering p o w e r s . Barbarism did i t s u t m o s t t o drown in a of t h e i r n a m e s : M a r q u e t t e a n d r e c i t i n g t h i s p r a y e r , composed by sea of hideousness all t h a t m a k e s J o g u e s , L a s Casas of Florida, and himself: "O Lord of H e a v e n and S e r r a of t h e W e s t e r n Coast, De of E a r t h , let me k n o w a n d love life tolerable. S m e t of t h e Rocky Mountain area, y o u ; free m e from t h i s infirmity "The Catholic C h u r c h took a t h e Prince-priest Gallitzin of P e n n - which m a k e s me suffer so, b u t if noble revenge. F o r 500 y e a r s sylvania, Mazzuchelli a n d Loras of t h a t should not be possible, t h e n afterward, a n o t h e r t i d e swept t h e plains, Flaget of Kentucky. g i v e m e t h e s t r e n g t h to suffer in over Europe, a bloodless a n d stain- Their v e r y names a r e still a bene- p a t i e n c e . " jess conquest, which w a s h e d a w a y diction. More e n d u r i n g than T h u s t h e r e was no doubt of t h e in the w a t e r s of C h r i s t i a n b a p t i s m bronze t h e m o n u m e n t s of t h e i r excellent disposition which p r e the defilements of t h o s e fierce des- achievements. These w e r e only troyers of ancient R o m e . In t h e some of t h e multitude of mission- p a r e d h i m for t h e s t e p s which fol*rly p a r t of t h e fifth c e n t u r y , aries w h o came to o u r shores w i t h lowed. H e left t h e B u d d h i s t t e m Ireland w a s converted b y t h e m i s - one ambitious objective; t o found ple and renounced definitely all t h e sionary, St. P a t r i c k , s e n t by Pope h e r e a h i g h civilization based upon idols a n d s u p e r s t i t i o u s p r a c t i c e s p e r f o r m e d t h e r e . H e w e n t t o one ^elestine. T o w a r d s t h e end of t h e C h r i s t ' s teachings. of t h e Catholic m i s s i o n a r i e s and same c e n t u r y t h e F r a n k s were " A l t h o u g h Americans know and asked t o be received into t h e converted w i t h t h e i r King, Clovis. His keen intelligence *P t h e s i x t h c e n t u r y St. A u g u s - a p p r e c i a t e w h a t t h e missionaries C h u r c h . tine and his Benedictine mission- \ of t h e C h u r c h have m e a n t in t h e m a d e it a n easy t a s k for t h e m i s aries went to t h e Anglo-Saxons h i s t o r y of o u r own land, we m a y s i o n a r y t o i n s t r u c t him, a n d in a from St. Gregory. A s t h e centu- be t e m p t e d t o believe t h a t h e r relatively s h o r t t i m e h e w a s b a p e s passed on, o t h e r missionaries civilizing influence is of p a s t t i m e tized, t a k i n g Paul a s h i s C h r i s t i a n sent by t h e Holy F a t h e r preached merely. A page of glorious h i s - n a m e . H e devotes h i s t i m e now ™e F a i t h to all t h e o t h e r nations tory, indeed, b u t w i t h o u t m e a n i n g to his relatives and friends endeaEurope. T h e N o r t h m e n hon- to t h e world of t h e t w e n t i e t h v o u r i n g to win t h e m t o h i s newfound faith. (Fides). o r e d the Roman Eagle, but the century. T

o f

L A U R E A T E WRITES POEM ON EUCHARISTIC CONGRESS. ( B y N.C.W.C. N e w s

Service.)

Dubuqe.—Composed by A n t h o n y F . Klinkner, poet l a u r e a t e of I o w a a n d S t a t e Editor of t h e Catholic D a i l y T r i b u n e , and dedicated t o t h e S e v e n t h National E u c h a r i s t i c C o n g r e s s , t h e following poem h a s been published by t h a t n e w s p a p e r : His banners flame in Cleveland His praises thousands sing, Lord Jesus Christ, the Saviour, Our Eucharistic King. Bold mammon*s throne may May fall and rise again. Lord Christ has built His Within the hearts of men.

crumble, kingdom

The world may leave men starving, The hungry leave unfed, Lord Christ will feed His people. Peed them on living Bread. The red hosts of rebellion With brutal force may awe, Lord Jesus meek and humble Holds men to truth and law. High on a hundred altars The Sacred Host they raise, Ten thousand times ten thousand Glad tongues will sing His praise. They honour Him in Cleveland Our Eucharistic King, And glory, laud and honour Their grateful tribute bring. In every town and hamlet, In rural fane and shrine; Oh Sacrament Most Holy, Oh Sacrament Divine!" (

F I R S T MASS CELEBRATED ON T H E BANKS O F RIO NANGARITZA. Zamora, (Ecuador)—Mass was celebrated for t h e first t i m e on t h e b a n k s of Rio N a n g a r i t z a r e cently when F a t h e r J o h n Medina, a S p a n i s h F r a n c i s c a n Missionary, A d m i n i s t r a t o r Apostolic of Zamora, m a d e a j o u r n e y by n a t i v e canoe into t h e wilderness of s o u t h - e a s t e r n Ecuador in s e a r c h of r o v i n g t r i b e s of J i v a r o s I n d i a n s . Until a few years a g o t h e Rio N a n g a r i t z a was not indicated on t h e m a p of Ecuador because t h e region had not been explored a n d t h e course of the r i v e r w a s u n known. F a t h e r Medina did not r e a c h t h e I n d i a n s for w h o m h e w a s s e a r c h i n g , b u t other a t t e m p t s will be m a d e later. T h i s excursion was n o t entirely w i t h o u t profit, however, because t h e p h o t o g r a p h s t a k e n along t h e river will be of g r e a t value to the G o v e r n m e n t in p r e p a r i n g a m a p of t h e region. " T h e m o s t moving f e a t u r e of t h e whole j o u r n e y , " f a t h e r M e dina said on his r e t u r n to civilization, " w a s t h e M a s s celebrated on t h e beautiful s h o r e s of t h e N a n g a r i t z a . I t is c e r t a i n t h a t t h i s was t h e first time t h a t t h e Holy Sacrifice h a s been offered in t h i s p a r t of t h e world. I felt t h a t C h r i s t t h e K i n g had a l r e a d y lifted H i s royal sceptre over all t h a t i m m e n s e solitude. T h e c o n g r e g a tion w a s m a d e up solely of m y Indian o a r s m e n ; but w h a t a spectacle! In t h e b a c k g r o u n d , t h e river; in t h e d i s t a n c e t h e v a s t f o r e s t s in t h e d e p t h s of which I knew t h e r e w e r e I n d i a n s still living in t h e i r p r i m i t i v e condition, t h e I n d i a n s t o whom we a r e e a g e r to b r i n g t h e tidings of t h e R e demption." (Fides).

M A L A Y A CATHOLIC L E A D E R , SATURDAY, 9 t h NOVEMBER^ 1935.

On June 8 , 1 9 3 4 , President Roosevelt sent to Congress his comprehensive message on social security. Press and platform im^ 12 Months $6.00 mediately gave wide response to 6 Months . . . $3.00 the scheme. In September, 1 9 3 4 , FOREIGN. HOLY ROMEâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;PROSECUTION OF T H E I N N O C E N T the Cabinet Committee on Eco(Straits currency) MALAYAN PUBLIC HEALTHâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;MEXICAN BISHOPS' nomic Security was organised and 12 Months $7.00 by the end of that year it had PEACE PROPOSALS REJECTED. 6 Months .. $3.50 All correspondence and literary completed a systematic prog- H o l y R o m e . defects should b e pitied r a t h e r contributions should be addressed ramme for social security as A P e n a n g paper in describing t h a n i m p u t e d t o t h e m as a crime. to The Managing Editor, Rev. regards unemployment and old t h e seemingly a w k w a r d position of W e c a n only s u r m i s e w h a t t h e reage. With the final signing of Mr. De V a l e r a s a y s : "Consider his sult would b e if w e h a d some superR. Cordon, 73, Bras Basah Road the Social Security Act by Presi- plight. Merely to seem t o be e x p e r t s t o e x a m i n e o u r experts. In Singapore. dent Roosevelt in August 1 9 3 5 ,siding w i t h Britain a g a i n s t Italy all probability t h e y would be certiTel. 7376, Singapore. the greatest piece of Social legis- is e n o u g h t o lose h i m t h e entire fied insane. * * * * ' b o g t r o t t e r vote' of C o u n t y Clare. lation, so comprehensive in its T h e n t h e r e is Mother Church. Malayan P u b l i c H e a l t h . JJakga Caikxlic W e m a y j u s t l y b e proud of the provisions, came definitely into Holy R o m e can h a r d l y be expected Saturday, 9 t h November, 1935. t o come o u t anti-Italian a n d t h e h i g h s t a n d a r d of Public Health being. b a r e t h o u g h t of t h e V a t i c a n pull- t h a t Malaya h a s m a i n t a i n e d during SOCIAL SECURITY The causes for this revolution- i n g one w a y a n d D a r k Rosaleen t h e p a s t few y e a r s . B u t for a few ary change in the public attitude t h e o t h e r t h r o w s F i a n n a F a i l into isolated cases of small-pox, she may not be put down to any a p e r s p i r a t i o n . " A p a r t from t h e h a s been a b l e t o produce a clean LEGISLATION. of h e a l t h . P l a g u e is scarcely propaganda, but to the imperative sarcastic t i n g e i m p a r t e d t o such bill h e a r d of in t h i s c o u n t r y , nor is expressions a s 'Mother C h u r c h ' The recent promulgation of the need of security in the face of 'Holy Rome' and t h e savour- cholera. C o n s i d e r i n g t h e f a r difSocial Security Act which forms distressing economic causes. Per- iand n g of prejudice in t h e m , w i t h f e r e n t conditions prevailing in the one of the major issues in the haps the following facts and apologies t o our c o n t e m p o r a r y w e s u r r o u n d i n g c o u n t r i e s , Malaya may programme of the present Ameri- figures may help the reader visua h a v e t o s a y t h a t t h e V a t i c a n will c o n g r a t u l a t e h e r s e l f on h e r immucan administration calls for in- lise the position which led to a pull n e i t h e r one w a y nor t h e other, n i t y from a n y s e r i o u s epidemic or disease. Many ports teresting scrutiny in the light of change in public sentiment. Bet- a n d t h a t Mr. De Valera in deciding infectious on his policy need not in t h e least outside M a l a y a h a v e very often to an expedient to remedy certain ween 1 9 2 0 and 1 9 2 6 the number be influenced by a n y fear of offend- be declared infected, and it is not social evils that are indirectly of the unemployed was never less i n g t h e Vatican. Considering t h e uncommon t o h e a r of plague ragborn of economic causes. Com- than one million and a half per- delicate position in w h i c h t h e i n g in t h e cold season, to be folmenting on the Act Mgr. John sons; in the three following years Vatican finds itself, t o q u o t e from lowed d u r i n g t h e h o t w e a t h e r by e i t h e r cholera o r enteric. When A. Ryan, Director of the De- it was two millions; in 1 9 3 0 , four a recent comment of t h e Catholic w e consider t h e a m o u n t of shipTimes w h i c h appeared in our p r e partment of Social Action of the and a half millions; in 1 9 3 1 , vious issue, "one really m a r v e l s a t p i n g coming i n t o Malayan ports National Catholic Welfare Con- eight and a half millions; in 1 9 3 2 t h e s e v e r i t y w i t h which t h e Pope f r o m t h e s e c o u n t r i e s , it speaks ference declared that the greatest and 1 9 3 3 , twelve millions; inh a s in f a c t t r e a t e d Italy. W i t h o u t well of o u r h e a l t h organization to danger attending the passing of a 1 9 3 4 , ten millions. In the lattergoing t o a n open breach o r quarrel, b e able t o p r o d u c e such a clean r e p o r t . T h e r e h a s been much talk Social Security Act is that it may year 1 7 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 persons wereh einh a s b y implication of a t r a n s - in t h e p r e s s r e c e n t l y a b o u t t h e posp a r e n t k i n d accused I t a l y of acting be accepted by certain powerful receipt of public relief. Again u n j u s t l y . " W e need not go to a sibility of a m a l a r i a epidemic ocgroups as substitute for economic the number of persons over 65 l e n g t h over t h i s m a t t e r , a s t h e c u r r i n g in M a l a y a owing to the years of age exceeds 7 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 of justice. a t t i t u d e adopted by t h e V a t i c a n in accepted t h e o r y of r e c u r r e n t periot It will be of interest to discuss whom more than one-third are h e p r e s e n t crisis, h a s been amply dicity in m a l a r i a intensity. The incidence of m a l a r i a for t h e past the different aspects of this act dependent. From these statistics, vindicated in our previous i s s u e s ; y e a r a p p e a r s t o h a v e been remarka n d a s t h e p a r a a n e n t t h e mischiewhich is designed to embrace unit will be seen that the principal vous references t o t h e Vatican ably low; b u t in t h e event of any employment, old age benefits, needs met by the recent Act are finds i t s s e t t i n g a m o n g t h e 'Ran- serious o u t b r e a k b e i n g likely in the child welfare, rehabilitation of unemployment and old age. dom N o t e s ' , we need h a r d l y t a k e n e a r f u t u r e , w e c a n surely depend on our efficient h e a l t h authorities the disabled, aid to the indigent Though further provisions are it seriously. p r e v e n t i n g t h e effects from being * * * * and public health. The provi- made within the meaning of a s d i s a s t r o u s a s t h o s e experienced sion of social security against un- the^ Act for dependent chil- P r o s e c u t i o n of t h e Innocent. b y Ceylon d u r i n g t h e ravages of A r e p o r t in t h e local papers employment, old age and sickness dren, maternal and child welfare, points t o t h e fact t h a t a v a s t num- h e r recent epidemic, * * * * * would influence the creation of a rehabilitation of the disabled and b e r h a v e been sterilized in t h e " servile state." In other words, public health, yet sickness in its U.S.A. d u r i n g recent y e a r s , and Mexican B i s h o p s peace proposals a civil society in which the major- wider and general sense does not t h a t s o m e s t a t e s h a v e been unable rejected. T h e Mexican G o v e r n m e n t ' s reply ity of the population may have a come within the cognisance of the t o apply sterilization laws owing t o t h e protective influence of t h e t o t h e p e a c e - g e s t u r e of t h e Bishops Social Security Act. Perhaps the fair amount of economic security, Catholic C h u r c h . W e a r e living in t h e i r j o i n t p a s t o r a l which we will not necessarily mean econo- complex and difficult nature of to-day in a n age of) Specialists and published l a s t week, has been the mic independence, power, owner- defining * sickness/ which may E x p e r t s . T h e s e so-called experts publication of a n e w confiscation ship or freedom. The ideal state, also include self-incurred illness and noisy t h e o r i s t s advocate t h e decree b y w h i c h Church property t o be seized b y t h e government. according to Christian social prin- has justified the exclusion of it application of t h i s law f o r feeble- is minded and physically unfit per- Churches, C o n v e n t s , Schools, Hosfrom the bill. ciples, would be one in which all sons in o r d e r t o p r e v e n t t h e propa- pitals, A s y l u m s a n d Institutions persons receive sufficient income The Act is meant to be of a gation of t h e s e infirmities. T h e a r e included in t h e wide-sweeping to meet their needs throughout Federal characfer in essence but Governor of t h e S t a t e of Georgia decree, w h i c h a u t h o r i z e s their observes t h a t t h i s alleged law seizure w i t h o u t i t s being necessary life. modifications to suit the particu- would subject m a n y women to t o w a r n t h e o w n e r s . Presumptive Social insurance legislations lar needs of states make the d a n g e r o u s major-operations, and a n d c i r c u m s t a n t i a l evidence alone, have not occurred in the past to enactment more elastic and adjus- "of necessity t h e r e will be a g r e a t a r e declared t o be sufficient to American legislators, though they table under each state legislature, n u m b e r of d e a t h s . " T h e s e people d e t e r m i n e t h a t a person is an have been discussed or advocated subject to the approval of the have c o m m i t t e d no c r i m e unless a g e n t r e p r e s e n t i n g a religious or t h a t a building has from time to time. Anything Federal Social Security Board. disapproval by e x p e r t s m a y be association, classed a s a crime. Hence t h e been used for public worship. The like systematic or comprehensive The cost of operation of the application of such a l a w would decree p e r m i t s s u c h seizure on the legislation for social benefits was scheme to the Federal Govern- mean t h e subjection of t h e inno- m e r e denunciation by any private regarded as having a European ment is authoritatively estimated cent t o p u n i s h m e n t , and w h a t m a y person, a n d p r o v i d e s a reward for flavour and implications. It was at 1 0 0 million dollars for the first often t u r n out t o be capital punish- such i n f o r m e r s . After t h e fina h a s been issued, no appeal obviously considered as good year and about twice this amount m e n t . A s Pope P i u s X I in h i s decree w h a t s o e v e r is allowed. This then Encyclical on C h r i s t i a n m a r r i a g e enough or necessary for the coun- annually thereafter. Alarming t e a c h e s , t h e s t a t e h a s no direct h a s been t h e a n s w e r given to the tries of Europe, but out of har- though the figures may sound, it power over t h e bodies of its people. proposals of t h e Mexican Bishops. . mony with American doctrines of is believed that the total costs of " T h e r e f o r e w h e r e no crime h a s T h e i r move for peace has been reindependence, self-reliance and the Act to both Federal and State t a k e n place, and t h e r e is no cause jected, t h e i r proposals made a moct for g r a v e p u n i s h m e n t , k e r y and w h e r e t h e y have asked economic opportunity. Now it governments and to the persons pt hr ee ys e n(officials of t h e s t a t e ) can for bread, t h e y h a v e been given transpires that the widespread who are taxed, will probably, in never directly h a r m , o r t a m p e r instead, a s t o n e . This proposed economic insecurity resulting the long run, represent a smaller with, t h e i n t e g r i t y of t h e body, confiscation is n o t h i n g b u t mere from industrial depression has social burden than would nor- either for reasons of eugenics or r o b b e r y s u c h a s happened m Engchanged public opinion, particu- mally be borne by the community for o t h e r r e a s o n s . " If feeble- land a t t h e Reformation, in * ranee d u r i n g t h e Revolution and agani and insane people exist, larly with regard to insurance if the legislation had never been tminded h e r e a r e o t h e r w a y s of c a r i n g for some t h i r t y y e a r s ago a t the tim passed. against unemployment. (Continued on page 11) t h e m . T h e i r m e n t a l a n d physical R A T E S OF SUBSCRIPTION

o I POST FREE FOR MALAYA, B. N. BORNEO AND SARAWAK.

NOTES A N D COMMENTS

FOREIGN STUDENTS ROME SAFE.

GOSPEL

NO R E P R I S A L S A G A I N S T SANCTIONS.

T W E N T Y SECOND SUNDAY A F T E R PENTECOST. (Matt. XXII, 15—21). A t t h a t time, t h e P h a r i s e e s went a n d consulted a m o n g t h e m selves how t o e n s n a r e J e s u s in h i s speech. And t h e y send to h i m t h e i r disciples, w i t h t h e H e r o d i a n s , s a y i n g , M a s t e r , we know t h a t t h o u a r t a t r u e speaker, and t e a c h e s t t h e way of God in t r u t h , n e i t h e r c a r e s t t h o u for a n y man, for t h o u dost not r e g a r d t h e person of m e n . Tell us, therefore, w h a t dost t h o u t h i n k ? I s it lawful to grive t r i b u t e t o C a e s a r o r n o t ? B u t J e s u s knowing t h e i r wickedness said, W h y do you t e m p t me, y e h y p o c r i t e s ? Show m e t h e coin of t h e t r i b u t e . And t h e y offered h i m a penny. And J e s u s s a i t h to t h e m , Whose i m a g e and s u p e r s c r i p t i o n is t h i s ? T h e y s a y t o him, C a e s a r ' s . T h e n he s a i t h to t h e m , R e n d e r t h e r e f o r e t o Caesar t h e t h i n g s t h a t a r e C a e s a r ' s a n d t o God t h e t h i n g s t h a t a r e God's. COMMENTARY.

SECURITY ACT SOUGHT.

I shall deem i t a f a v o u r if you will w r i t e m e a b o u t conditions in your c o m m u n i t y . Tell m e w h e r e you feel our g o v e r n m e n t can better serve o u r people. We can solve our problems, b u t no one m a n o r single g r o u p can do it, we shall h a v e to w o r k t o g e t h e r for t h e c o m m o n eend of ucuci better ior xne n a ui spiritual a n d m a t e r i a l conditions for t h e A m e r i c a n people. May I h a v e y o u r counsel and your help? I a m leaving on a s h o r t vacation b u t will be back in W a s h ington in a few weeks, and I will deeply a p p r e c i a t e y o u r w r i t i n g t o me. V e r y sincerely y o u r s , F r a n k l i n D. Roosevelt.

NOTES A N D (Continued

COMMENTS.

from

page

10)

of the make-believe s e p a r a t i o n of the Church f r o m t h e S t a t e w h e n the clergy a n d religious w e r e despoiled of e v e r y t h i n g t h e y possessed. By s a y i n g t h a t "should a

November 10. S u n d a y — 2 2 n d S u n d a y After P e n t e c o s t . Mass a n d Vespers of t h e S u n d a y . November 11. M o n d a y — S t . M a r tin, B. and C. November 12. T u e s d a y — S t . M a r t i n I, P . and M. November 13. Wednesday—St. Didacus, C. November 14. T h u r s d a y — S t . J o s a p h a t , B. and M. November 15. F r i d a y — S t . A l b e r t , B. and D. November 16. S a t u r d a y — S t . Gert r u d e , V.

li A most precious lesson is im- cannot move a finger without co-operation. Therefore S pressed upon o u r m i n d s by t h i s j God's li Gospel. If t h i s lesson would be e v e r y t h i n g which w e h a v e beK l e a r n t by h e a r t , t h a t is t o say, if longs t o God. T h e r e f o r e we should I it could convince u s of its t r u t h , give up ourselves, whole and env a l l of us would be really s a i n t s . tire, t o God. T h e r e f o r e we should I To Caesar T h e T h i n g s T h a t A r e not keep a w a y , or steal a w a y f>*om Him a n y t h i n g . A n d if we speak v Caesar's. of o u r h e a r t s and affections, w h a t j T h e lesson h a s two different a m i s u n d e r s t a n d i n g do we discover , X p a r t s . The first is v e r y easy, t h e between o u r words and actions. second is v e r y h a r d . E v e r y one God w a n t s our h e a r t s . H e h a s ! t r i e s to learn t h e first, while only a s k e d us t h e h e a r t s . Fili, praebe j a few d a r e t o pick u p t h e second. mihi cor t u u m . H a v e we complied I I t is easy indeed t o give to C a e s a r w i t h His w i s h e s ? W e n a v e not. : t h e t h i n g s t h a t a r e his. In f a c t We h a v e given t h e m to Caesar, to | we give to C a e s a r almost everyt h e world, t o a t h o u s a n d and one I t h i n g . He t a k e s m o r e t h a n h e , . ...should. C a e s a r is t h e world, * A n d a f t e r all our h e a r t s a r e not I course. T h e world occupies o u r o u r s ! T h e y h a v e b e e n given u s v a t t e n t i o n r i g h t from t h e cradle. , mi xxr MI J J--U • i ^ by God in o r d e r t o give t h e m back

C O - O P E R A T I O N I N SOCIAL

I am particularly anxious t h a t the new Social S e c u r i t y Legislation j u s t enacted, f o r w h i c h we h a v e worked so long, providing for old age pensions, aid for crippled children a n d u n e m p l o y m e n t i n s u r ance, shall b e c a r r i e d o u t in k e e p ing w i t h t h e h i g h p u r p o s e s w i t h which t h i s law w a s enacted. I t is also vitally i m p o r t a n t t h a t the Works P r o g r a m m e shall be administered t o provide e m p l o y m e n t at useful w o r k , and t h a t o u r unemployed a s well as t h e n a t i o n a s a whole m a y derive t h e g r e a t e s t possible benefits.

Calendar for t h e week.

THE

PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT SEEKS ADVICE OF CLERGY.

Reverend a n d d e a r S i r : Y o u r h i g h calling b r i n g s you into i n t i m a t e daily contact n o t only with y o u r own p a r i s h i o n e r s , b u t with people g e n e r a l l y in y o u r community. I a m s u r e you see t h e p r o blems of y o u r people w i t h wise a n d sympathtic understanding. Because of t h e g r a v e responsibilities of m y office, I a m t u r n i n g t o representative Clergymen for counsel and advice,— feeling confident t h a t no g r o u p can give m o r e accurate o r u n b i a s e d views.

DIOCESE OF MALACCA.

for

Rome, 31-10-35—The Vatican has given a s s u r a n c e s to Catholic Bishops a n d Religious Orders throughout t h e world t h e y need have no a n x i e t y r e g a r d i n g t h e welfare of foreign s t u d e n t s in R o m e in the event of application of sanctions. The Italian authorities have informed t h e V a t i c a n n o r e prisals will b e t a k e n against foreign s t u d e n t s . (Reuter)

(By N.C.W.C. N e w s Service.) W a s h i n g t o n . — P r e s i d e n t Roosevelt has w r i t t e n to c l e r g y m e n of all d e n o m i n a t i o n s t h r o u g h o u t t h e country, a s k i n g t h e m t o w r i t e t o him about conditions prevailing in their respective c o m m u n i t i e s . T h e President s t a t e s t h a t h e is t u r n i n g to r e p r e s e n t a t i v e clergymen "for counsel a n d advice," confident t h a t "no o t h e r g r o u p can give m o r e accurate o r unbiased views." The t e x t of t h e P r e s i d e n t ' s letter t o t h e c l e r g y m e n follows: Sept. 23, 1935.

DIOCESE

OF MACAO-

C H U R C H O F ST. J O S E P H . Calendar for t h e week.

November 10. S u n d a y — T w e n t y second S u n d a y a f t e r P e n t e c o s t . Green v e s t m e n t s . Semi-double. P r o p e r of t h e M a s s in t h e "Small M i s s a l " p. 232. Second collect of St. A n d r e w Avelinus, t h i r d of S t s . T r y p h o n a n d Comp. M a r t y r s , f o u r t h for t h e P o p e . Vespers of t h e S u n d a y a t 5 p.m. November 1 1 . M o n d a y — S t . M a r t i n , Bishop and Confessor. Double. November 12. T u e s d a y — S t . M a r Semi... t i n , Pope a n d M a r t y r . double. N o v e m b e r 13. Wednesday—St. Didacus, C. Semi-double. incense h a s only M sacrifices a t all. W e can f a s t f o r "f . November 14. T h u r s d a y — S t . J o t o offer itself in t h e world, w e can keen i g i l s f o r ! ^ "? s a p h a t , Bishop a n d Martyr. x t h e world, w e can d r e s s exactly a s sacrifice, in joyful l ^ a u s t to its Double. I t h e world w i s h e s u s t o do, even if , ° ^h a lesson . November 15. F r i d a y — S t . A l b e r t nil , x , , a n d w h a t a s h a m e for u s ! t h e Great, B.C.D. Double. A b v we h a v e t o p e r s p i r e for h o u r s , w e iiS stinence. E v e n i n g service a t can b e motionless a n d a t t e n t i v e 5.30. 8!for h o u r s too, if t h e world so |Powers of t h e s o u l : mernory, u n - 1 16. Saturday—St. i;}] c o m m a n d s , w e do n o t know h o w d e r s t a n d i n g a n d will. T h e y b e - vN o v e m b e r l i l l t o refuse C a e s a r t h e least t h i n g jlong t o God. W e acknowledge it g Gertrude, V i r g i n . Double. m o s t sincerely. B u t when it.J. To God T h e T h i n g s T h a t A r e comes t o facts, w e contradict our- • ill RUSSIAN PERSECUTION OF God's. selves. W e give t h e m to t h e I I I T h e second p a r t of . h e lesson . : RELIGION SPREADS l i s m o r e difficult t o learn. A n d if SAY W A R S A W R E P O R T S . w e learn it a n y lucky day, w e ; 1 1 1 ] f o r g e t it a t once. Mass is h e a r d , ^ 11 W a r s a w . — T h e persecution of « . t h e r e is no d e n y i n g it, on e v e r y I I S u n d a y , b u t w e g r u d g e if t h e | , , religion in Soviet R u s s i a i n s t e a d of m o d e r a t i n g is b e i n g intensified, X p r i e s t is too slow a t t h e a l t e r , j ^ according t o i n f o r m a t i o n received S u n d a y is m fact called t h e L o r d s T h e coin of t h e t r i b u t e which h e r e by t h e Polish Catholic P r e s s . . D a y , b u t w e steal it a w a y f r o m t h e H e r o d i a n s g a v e to J-?sus bore Agency, K A P . A n u m b e r of inH i m in order t o give it to Caesar. s iIll l lT^h e7 Catechism C a t ^ h i s m tells Cell's us u s ' to t o 'ss aanncctSnfyy ^ E^m p e r o^r . , t a n c e s of seizure of c h u r c h p r o ^ p e r t y , t h e closing of places of t h e L o r d ' s D a y by pious r e a d i n g , t h e image of a n E m p e r o r , of t h e v w o r s h i p and t h e d e p o r t a t i o n of ||jby a t t e n d a n c e a t c h u r c h services v aann dd oo tt hh ee rr religious religious practices. practices. W W ee I K i n°g ~of K i n°~g s . •W -e w e r e created jj p r i e s t s a r e r e p o r t e d . One p r i e s t , i m a g e and likeness of God. Jj! of Polish nationality, h a s died in ijjjknow all t h i s . B u t we do n o t t o 1 ; . blush t o say t h a t w e h e a r M a s s on T h e r e is n o t h i n g in ourselves, not S T h e dead t h e Solowki p r i e s t wIsles, as the Rev. jjii S u n d a y s , because it !s imposed even a line belonging to Caesar. [I J o s e p h Zmigrodz, f o r m e r l y p a s t o r i u p o n us u n d e r m o r t a l sin. W e a r e O u r bodies point o u t t o -^n e x t r a - jj| of St. Nicholas's C h u r c h , Kiev. •^'commanded t o give six d a y s a o r d i n a r y M a k e r . O u r souls b e a r j T h e expulsion of t h e f a m o u s 111 week to C a e s a r a n d one t o God. t h e m a r k of t h e E t e r n a l . W h jjij y Dominican, F a t h e r A m o u d r u , a d >'We a g r e e t h a t God is not too should we t h e r e f o r e give up our- IjJJ m i n i s t r a t o r of t h e C h u r c h in L e n i n j. m g r a d , has been a blow t o his flock i selfish in t h i s respect. B u t do w e selves to t h e w o r l d ? * :in fact give H i m a d a y ? Not a t W e a r e m e m b e r s of Christ. He III a n d h a s caused g r e a t a n x i e t y I all. We give Him half an hour, lives in u s . H e is t h e source of >: a m o n g t h e Catholics of t h a t city. * : j In t h e U k r a i n e t h e C h u r c h is* S a n d hope H e will be satisfied with our life. W e h a v e e v e r y t h i n g in b e i n g violently persecuted, s a y s common with Him. L e t us h e a r ... it. T h e t h i n g s t h a t are G o d ' s ! St. P a u l : " Shall I t a k e t h e m e m - 0 K A P . T h e a u t h o r i t i e s a s s e s s p r o iijj W h a t have w e t h a t is not from b e r s of C h r i s t a n d m r k e t h e m | hibitive t a x e s a g a i n s t c h u r c h e s , a n d when p a y m e n t p r o v e s i m p o s ill God? We live in God. Our whole m e m b e r s of a h a r l o t ? sible, t h e buildings a r e seized and God forbid ?" *-being depends on God, and w e closed. Some a r e converted into film t h e a t e r s a n d o t h e r s into places p r o p e r t y be seized b y t h e govern- h a s been t h e case w i t h F r a n c e and f o r t h e s t o r a g e of g r a i n . A m o n g m e n t and disposed of to a n e w E n g l a n d , j u s t as t h e Church in t h e c h u r c h e s seized w e r e t h o s e a t owner, it shall not a g a i n be nation- t h o s e countries a f t e r h a v i n g lost Polonne, B e r z a d a a n d Obodowka. alized etc " t h e decree p a t e n t - e v e r y t h i n g , h a s budded f o r t h again V i r t u a l l y all of t h e p r i e s t s h a v e ly reveals t h i s new move a s b e i n g and h a s experienced a revival a t been expelled. Similar m e t h o d s a r e being used only a m e a n s of enriching t h e ad- which t h e world m a y wonder, so h e r e n t s of t h e p r e s e n t g o v e r n m e n t . will it be in Mexico. T h e persecu- in W h i t e R u t h e n i a , s a y s t h e AgenN e a r l y every one of t h e g a n g s t h a t t o r s of t h e C h u r c h live t h e i r vile cy, w h e r e only twelve p r i e s t s r e h a s gained power in M e x i c o h a s lives and t h e n a r e no more, b u t m a i n and seven of t h e s e a r e aged enriched its followers a t t h e ex- t h e Church of God endures, and m e n , hardly able t o perform t h e i r priestly duties. (N.C.W.C.) pense of t h e C h u r c h . B u t a s it will endure t o t h e end of t i m e . g >

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CATHOLIC L E A D E R , S A T U R D A Y ,

9th N O V E M B E R , 1935.

HOLY FATHER'S MISSIONARY MENTION FOR NOVEMBER, 1935. 44

PREPARATORY SEMINARIES IN MISSIONS." PRESERVING

THE THIRD

Catholicity t h a t Grows. R o m e — T h e first five n a t i v e p r i e s t s e d u c a t e d b y t h e Mill Hill F a t h e r s in U g a n d a , w h o a r e of t h e same r a c e a s t h e B a g a n d a M a r t y r s p u t t o d e a t h for t h e f a i t h in 1880, w e r e o r d a i n e d a t N s a m b y a J u n e 16 b y B i s h o p J o h n Campling, V i c a r A p o s t o l i c of U p p e r Nile. T h e first t w o n a t i v e p r i e s t s of t h e V i c a r i a t e of B o m a , in t h e W e s t e r n Congo, w e r e o r d a i n e d J u n e 9 a t Kangu by Bishop Joseph Vanderhoven, of t h e S c h e u t F a t h e r s . T h e first e i g h t n a t i v e subdeacons of F r e n c h C a m e r o o n w e r e ordained a t Douala on E a s t e r S u n d a y by B i s h o p F r a n c i s X . V o g t , of t h e H o l y Ghost F a t h e r s , a n d raised t o t h e d i a c o n a t e on t h e F e a s t of St. L a w r e n c e , A u g u s t 10. Thirteen Chinese y o u n g m e n , w h o completed t h e i r s t u d i e s a t t h e R e g i o n a l Semin a r y of T a t u n g s u , S h a n s i , i n J u n e , h a v e been r a i s e d t o t h e p r i e s t h o o d a n d a r e n o w a c t i v e l y e n g a g e d in m i s s i o n a r y w o r k in v a r i o u s p a r t s of Mongolia, b r i n g i n g t o 115 t h e n u m b e r of C h i n e s e p r i e s t s in Mongolia. T h e first C a r i b p r i e s t w a s o r d a i n e d l a s t O c t o b e r a f t e r finishi n g h i s t r a i n i n g in t h e s e m i n a r y conducted b y t h e D i v i n e W o r d F a t h e r s a t B a y S t . Louis, Mississippi, a n d is n o w w o r k i n g w i t h t h e A m e r i c a n J e s u i t F a t h e r s in B r i t i s h H o n d u r a s , t h e l a n d of h i s b i r t h . T h e first n a t i v e p r i e s t s of t h e A r a u c a n i a n s , a s t u r d y r a c e of I n d i a n s in Chile, w a s ordained l a s t y e a r b y B i s h o p G u y Beck of t h e Bavarian Capuchins. Similar despatches can be f o u n d in Catholic n e w s p a p e r s week a f t e r week, t e s t i f y i n g t o t h e d e t e r m i n a t i o n of t h e Holy See t o build u p a n i n g e n i o u s c l e r g y in e v e r y l a n d i n i t s p r o g r a m m e of extendi n g t h e O n e , H o l y , Catholic a n d Apostolic C h u r c h t o e v e r y co r n er of t h e world. I n recent y e a r s t h e r e h a s been a rapid d e v e l o p m e n t of t h e indig e n o u s c l e r g y and episcopacy i n w h a t a r e called m i s s i o n a r y countries. I n China, f o r e x a m p l e , there a r e 1,547 n a t i v e p r i e s t s , a n d 2 2 ecclesiastical divisions of t h e c o u n t r y a r e ruled by C h i n e s e prelates. Indo-China h a s 1,214 n a t i v e priests a n d t w o n a t i v e "bishops. I n d i a h a s 1,000 p r i e s t s and 11 b i s h o p s , all I n d i a n s ; a n d J a p a n h a s 1£7 p r i e s t s a n d one b i s h o p b o m within t h e l i m i t s of t h e e m p i r e . It is n o t generally known t h a t I n d o - C h i n a a n d C h i n a hold second a n d t h i r d places a m o n g t h e n a t i o n s of t h e world c o n t r i b u t i n g priests, brothers and sisters to t h e C h u r c h ' s p e r s o n n e l in m i s s i o n a r y • a r e a s . F r a n c e h a s 9,000 missiona r i e s a n d h o l d s first place. I n d o China h a s 6,500 n a t i v e w o r k e r s , a n d China 5,500. T h e y precede G e r m a n y , I t a l y , I n d i a a n d all o t h e r c o u n t r i e s of t h e E a s t a n d W e s t . But the n u m b e r s are not near sufficient. T h e combined forces of foreign m i s s i o n a r i e s a n d n a t i v e o r i e s t s a n d religious a r e not a d e o u a t e f o r t h e double t a s k of m i n i stering t o t h e Catholic population and a t t h e s a m e t i m e c a r r y i n g on work among non-Christians. An item in a recent i s s u e of t h e R a n goon Voice d r a w s a t t e n t i o n t o t h e furious s h o r t a g e of clergy in tturma. A parish w i t h a t h o u s a n d C a t h o l i c s cannot be g i v e n a r e s i dent p r i e s t , and m a n y p r o m i s i n g

During illness THE and convalescence

MARK.

o p p o r t u n i t i e s m u s t be let p a s s b e cause of insufficient m i s s i o n a r y personnel. I n M a d a g a s c a r , o w i n g t o t h e s m a l l n u m b e r of p r i e s t s , people living in t h e r e m o t e i n t e r i o r m u s t go w i t h o u t M a s s for l o n g periods a n d t h e y a r e deprived of t h e o p p o r u t n i t y of a p p r o a c h i n g t h e Sacraments frequently. The special p u r p o s e of t h e E u c h a r i s t i c Congress a t T a n a n a r i v e in October w a s to s e c u r e p r a y e r s for vocat i o n s t h a t t h e island m a y be b l e s s ed w i t h a f e r v e n t a n d s t r o n g n a t i v e clergy. T h e s e examples a r e typical of conditions in m a n y o t h e r p a r t s of t h e world. Mindful of all t h i s and m o r e , a n d looking w i t h g r a v e concern t o t h e f u t u r e , t h e Holy F a t h e r h a s a s k e d for special p r a y e r s d u r i n g N o v e m b e r for s e m i n a r i e s t o p r e p a r e p r i e s t s in m i s s i o n a r y l a n d s . S e m i n a r i e s c o n s t r u c t e d in t h e missions d u r i n g t h e last t w o decades h a v e been a n i m p o r t a n t h e l p in t h e r ap i d development of the indigenous clergy. To-day, in m i s s i o n a r y c o u n t r i e s , t h e r e a r e 107 m a j o r s e m i n a r i e s a n d 286 m i n o r seminaries w i t h 4,917 s e m i n a r i e s i n t h e f o r m e r a n d 12,048 in t h e latter. A n o r g a n i z a t i o n w h i c h h a s been largely responsible for t h e buildi n g of t h e s e s e m i n a r i e s a n d for t h e m a i n t e n a n c e of t h e s t u d e n t s , w h o s e w o r k , however, h a s been overlooked entirely t o o m u c h , is t h e P o n t i fical Society of S t . P e t e r Apostle f o r t h e N a t i v e Clergy. T h e Society d a t e s back t o 1889 a n d owes i t s origin t o M a d a m e S t e p h a n i e Bigard-Cottin and her daughter J e a n n e , e n e r g e t i c Catholic ladies of Caen in lower N o r m a n d y w h o s p e n t most of t h e i r t i m e m a k i n g articles for t h e foreign missions. I n 1889 t h e y b e g a n t o c o n c e n t r a t e t h e i r efforts on supplying aid for t h e seminary at Nagasaki maint a i n e d by B i s h o p Cousin, t h e V i c a r Apostolic. T h e idea of helping t o educate p r i e s t s in m i s s i o n a r y l a n d s found f a v o u r in F r a n c e and w a s supported b y a n increasingly l a r g e n u m b e r of Catholics, t h u s m a k i n g it possible f o r t h e w o r k t o expand a n d t o p r o v i d e a s s i s t a n c e for a g r e a t e r n u m b e r of Seminaries. A f t e r M a d a m e B i g a r d ' s d e a t h in 1903 t h e m o v e m e n t w a s successfully continued u n d e r t h e direction of t h e F r a n c i s c a n Missionaries of M a r y . In 1920 it w a s placed u n d e r t h e direct control of t h e Sacred C o n g r e g a t i o n of P r o p a g a n d a F i d e a t Rome w h e r e it now h a s i t s headquarters. T h e Society seeks t o accomplish i t s purpose, w h i c h is t h e correct formation of t h e indigenous clergy, b y f o u n d i n g m a j o r and m i n o r sem i n a r i e s in m i s s i o n a r y lands a n d b y providing for t h e upkeep of n a t i v e s t u d e n t s . Since 1920 t h e Society h a s g a t h e r e d a n d d i s t r i b u t ed a p p r o x i m a t e l y six a n d a half million dollars a n d it is now collecti n g and d i s t r i b u t i n g in subsidies a n a v e r a g e of a million dollars annually. A t first glance t h i s m a y seem a l a r g e s u m b u t it dwindles a w a y into sadly i n a d e q u a t e allotments when distributed among t h e 500 m i s s i o n a r y dioceses under t h e jurisdiction of t h e Sacred Congreg a t i o n of P r o p a g a n d a . T h e p r e s e n t Holy F a t h e r and h i s predecessor, P o p e Benedict X V , h a v e s t r e s s e d t h e importance of t h i s work, t h e u r g e n c y of h a s t e n -

HE accumulated experience of over half a century shows Horlick's to be an ideal diet during illness and convalescence Horlick's is made from fresh full-cream cow's milk combined .with the nutritive extracts of wheat and malted barley. It contains no starch, and a certain proportion of its protein is available for direct assimilation Its ease of digestion and assimilation, and its ready utilization in the body have been proved by actual physiological experiments.

Horlick's is pleasing to the palate, appetizing, refreshing and sustaining. It is easily prepared, and is especially useful where frequent, small, light, easily digested meals are indicated. Ordinarily, Horlick's requires mixing with water only; it is, however, an excellent medium for the addition of milk, cream; eggs or similar articles to the dietary.

THE ORIGINAL MALTED MILK Available Everywhere

i n g t h e develpoment of a s t r o n g n a t i v e clergy in e v e r y c o u n t r y of the globe. I n h i s Encyclical for example, "Kerum Ecclesiae Pope Pius X I wrote, "The bright h o p e s of new C h r i s t i a n c o m m u n i ties r e s t in t h e N a t i v e Clergy. I n fact, t h e N a t i v e P r i e s t , h a v i n g t h e s a m e origin, t e m p e r a m e n t , m e n t a lity a n d point of view a s his fellow c o u n t r y m e n , is marvellously well a d a p t e d to instill t h e F a i t h in t h e i r h e a r t s because, m o r e t h a n a n y o t h e r , he k n o w s w h a t a v e n u e s of persuasion a r e t o b e followed. T h u s it often h a p p e n s t h a t h e a r r i v e s q u i t e easily a t p o i n t s which t h e t h e foreign m i s s i o n a r y cannot r e a c h . Only in t h i s w a y can t h e C h u r c h be soundly a n d fully e s t a b lished in t h e different c o u n t r i e s . " A n d in his Apostolic L e t t e r t o t h e Mission S u p e r i o r s of China, h e 1 w r o t e , "Suppose t h a t on account of w a r or on account of o t h e r political events, one G o v e r n m e n t s u p l a n t s a n o t h e r in t h e t e r r i t o r y of the mission and demands o r o r d e r s t h e expulsion of foreign missionaries of a certain n a t i o n a l i t y ; suppose likewise ( a l t h o u g h t h i s is not likely t o h a p p e n ) , t h a t the inhabitants who have a higher d e g r e e of civilization, and a s a r e sult correspondingly civil m a t u r i t y , should wish t o r e n d e r t h e m s e l v e s independent, and should drive f r o m t h e i r t e r r i t o r y t h e foreign r u l e r s a n d foreign missionaries, r e s o r t i n g t o violence t o a t t a i n t h e i r p u r p o s e , w h a t g r e a t h a r m would befall t h e C h u r c h in t h o s e regions unless t h e N a t i v e Clergy, s p r e a d as a n e t work t h r o u g h o u t t h e Country, could t a k e p r o p e r care of t h e people converted t o C h r i s t ? " ,,

)

Practical m e a n s of a r r i v i n g a t t h i s desired s t a t e w e r e s u g g e s t e d b y Pope Benedict XV w h e n h e w r o t e . " T h e Society of St. P e t e r Apostle for t h e N a t i v e Clergy is particularly close t o Our h e a r t b e cause it sets f o r itself t h e t a s k of g i v i n g t h e C h u r c h in mission l a n d s a N a t i v e Clergy capable of p r o m o t -

i n g t h e extension of t h e Kingdom of Our Lord J e s u s C h r i s t . We desire t o see it ( t h e Society) flourish in every Diocese, n a y in every P a r i s h . " A n d P o p e P i u s XI, in his Motu Proprio " V i x a d S u m m i Pont i f i c a l s , " likewise h a s said, "The Pontifical Society of St. Peter Apostle for t h e N a t i v e Clergy m u s t , by its v e r y n a t u r e , be considered a n aid of t h e Sacred Cong r e g a t i o n of P r o p a g a n d a Fide in all t h a t r e g a r d s t h e correct formation of t h e N a t i v e Clergy and especially t h e foundation of major a n d minor s e m i n a r i e s in whatever place c i r c u m s t a n c e s d e m a n d . . . T h e Society a s k s t h e faithful to offer p r a y e r s a n d good works t h a t t h e Heavenly P r i n c e of P a s t o r s m a y deign t o call t o t h e priesthood, among heathen nations, great n u m b e r s of y o u n g m e n of upright intention and m a k e excel in virtue a n d knowledge t h o s e whom His g r a c e h a s called t o t h e divine m i n i s t r y . . . T h e Society asks t h e faithful t o give, e a c h one accordi n g to his m e a n s , e i t h e r by subscribing an a n n u a l offering or by c o n t r i b u t i n g t o t h e collections, by a d o p t i n g s e m i n a r i s t s or b y foundi n g a s t u d e n t b u r s e for t h e education and m a i n t e n a n c e in perpetuity of a t least o n e s e m i n a r i s t . " A simple s t u d y of statistics will quickly b r i n g h o m e t o anyone int e r e s t e d t h e a b s o l u t e need of supp o r t i n g t h e f o r m a t i o n of an indigenous clergy throughout the world. The Holy F a t h e r h a s asked for p r a y e r s f o r t h i s intention duri n g t h e m o n t h of November. Those w h o wish to go a s t e p f u r t h e r and m a k e a m a t e r i a l contribution to t h i s p r o g r a m m e will find t h e way r e a d y for t h e m b y helping t h e Holv F a t h e r ' s own organization, t h e Pontifical Societv of St. Peter Aoostle for t h e N a t i v e Clergy. T h u s will t h e C h u r c h , once planted in a new land, flourish, grow and m u l t i p l e a n d t h u s will t h e Cath© licity of t h e C h u r c h , its third m a r k , be e n s u r e d and preserved.

MALAYA CATHOLIC LEADER, S A T U R D A Y , 9th NOVEMBER, 1935.

Our Short Story

F O R

PERFECT SNAPSHOTS

A FORGOTTEN SOUL A STORY F O U N D E D ON FACT

It w a s before t h e d a y s when never h e a r d before, and h e felt motors h a d deprived c r o s s - c o u n t r y quite unable to move. " H a v e journeys of half t h e i r t e Housness, pity on m e , oh, have pity on m e ! " and t h o u g h F a t h e r B r o w n ' s p a r i s h Again it w a s repeated, a n d t h e n 28° S c b lay barely f o r t y miles from his F a t h e r B r o w n understood t h a t i t proposed destination, it took h i m was a voice from a n o t h e r world the best p a r t of a d a y t o g e t t h e r e . t h a t h e h a d h e a r d , and t h e s Ience Every y e a r a procession w a s which followed w a s a l m o s t a s held, on C o r p u s Christi, a t a dis- pleading in i t s intensity a s t h e tant c h u r c h , a n d it was c u s t o m a r y words t h e m s e l v e s h a d been. W h i l s t for as m a n y Catholics a s possible his lips formed t h e words of t h e to a t t e n d it from s u r r o u n d i n g De P r o f u n d i s h e felt t h a t it w a s Obtainable from districts, so F a t h e r B r o w n h a d indeed o u t of t h e depths t h a t h e hurried off a s soon a s h e h a d said his M a s s t o catch a t r a i n which, A M A N LIKE D A D . with s e v e r a l changes, would t a k e Yve been wondering what the saints him t o h i s destination. were like, But slow a s country t r a i n s notoWhen they lived on this earth like riously a r e , on t h i s J u n e d a y t h e me. engine b e h i n d which F a t h e r Brown How did they walk ? And what did was t r a v e l l i n g fairly o u t d i d itself. they do ? After c r e e p i n g a n d c r a w l i n g along And what were thy like to see ? t h e t o m b w h e n c e t h e voice h a d " T h e n one d a y a l a d y c a m e . at a p a c e no f a s t e r t h a n t h e What did they work at ? How did come t o h i m , for h e wished t o m a k e Beautiful a s a queen s h e w a s : a n d priest's o w n old siag could h a v e they talk? sure t h a t t h e r e w a s no one h i d i n g s t a t e l y w a y s w i t h her, t h a t t h e equalled, i t finally came t o a full What were the cares they had ? near w h o could h a v e been p r e t e n d - ladies d o n ' t h a v e in t h e s e d a y s " — stop a t a little forlorn w a y s i d e And Yve figured it out that in lots ing t o b e a g h o s t . so did t h e old m a n p a s s a p t j u d g station, a n d t h e only c h e e r t h e of things m e n t on t h e t w e n t i e t h c e n t u r y . T h e s t o n e a t t h e h e a d of t h e railway g u a r d could g i e t o his One saint was a man like Dad. grave w a s a fine slab, b u t t o t h e passengers w a s t h a t if t h e y waited " And it w a s I, myself, w h o p r i e s t ' s a m a z e m e n t t h e r e w a s no for f o u r h o u r s t h e e x p r e s s d u e to St Peter had eyebrows bushy and big, showed h e r w h e r e t h e poor g e n t l e name, n o inscription whatever pass a t t h a t t i m e would be signalAnd he ruled and travelled and m a n w a s buried. In t h o s e d a y s upon it. A t t h e first glance h e led t o h a l t , and t a k e thorn on t o taught ; t h o u g h t t h a t t i m e and w e a t h e r t h e r e w a s a stone m a s o n in t h e Norwich. Father Brown was St. Paul was smaller, btit wiry and m u s t h a v e obliterated t h e w o r d s village—he is dead since—and t h e much b e t t e r off t h a n Ms fellowquick, t h a t t h e slab h a d once b o r n e , b u t lady o r d e r e d t h e finest h e a d s t o n e travellers i n t h a t h e h a d h i s Office And many a fight he fought. a closer s c r u t i n y m a d e it clear h e could h e w a n d she ^ o p p e d in to say, b u t even t h i s w a s finished St. Francis, in brown, loved prayer t h a t n o t h i n g h a d ever been en- t h e place till we h a d i t fixed up a s and song, after a t i m e , and t h e inn, which graved upon i t s smooth s u r f a c e , ; you see it. T h e n s h e told t h e And his keen face never was sad ; had a t t r a c t e d t h e o t h e r s , h a v i n g no a l t h o u g h it bore every trace, of j stone m a s o n t o g e t out his c u t t i n g But St. Joseph, he was the head of lure for h i m , h e wandered down t h e having b e e n erected for y e a r s . I t tools a n d c a r v e into t h e s t o n e w h a t a house, dusty s t r i p of road t h a t led t o seemed t o F a t h e r Brown, a s h e s h e told h i m . B u t w h e n t h e p a r So he was a man like Dad. the g r e y s t o n e walls of h e village gazed u p o n t h e nameless slab, t h a t son h e a r d w h a t she w a n t e d p u t on church. A f t e r visiting t h e b a r e T h e lady St. Joseph, he had his trade and his h e r e w a s a m y s t e r y only less h e wouldn't h a v e it. sombre l i t t l e building, t h e p r i e s t e x t r a o r d i n a r y t h a n t h a t of t h e w a s a R o m a n Catholic a n d so it shop, made h i s w a y t o a s h a d y seat piteous c r y for p i t y and help, a n d seems w a s t h e g e n t l e m a n , b u t t h e His tools and his working clothes. under one of t h e old y e w t r e e s in Oh, from Monday morning to resolving t h a t he would s a y M a s s parson said a s how he'd h a v e n o the c h u r c h y a r d , a n d t h e r e h e let Saturday night on t h e m o r r o w for t h e soul o; t h e popery n o r p a p i s t r y in his g r a v e his mind w a n d e r back t o t h e d a y s The round of labour he knows ; t e n a n t of t h i s g r a v e , he set out in y a r d ; b u t t h e lady was s t u b b o r n , when t h e A n g e l u s bell h a d r u n g The ache in the arms when the work search of someone who rould give too, a n d s h e said a s how s h e ' d h a v e out f r o m t h e tower a b o v e him, piles high, him s o m e explanation of a t least w h a t s h e w a n t e d , or n o t h i n g a t and w h e n , t h r o n e d upon t h e a l t a r In the heart, when the times are one of t h e m y s t e r i e s , t h a t of t h e j all. So n o t h i n g it was, a n d t h e r e within, O u r Lord, in t h e Blessed bad, unengraved tombstone. I t h e slab h a s stood w i t h n o t h i n g Sacrament, h a d once blessed all And sweetness of Home when the day j upon it t o t h i s d a y . " T h a t w a s I n q u i r i n g for t h e sexton, h e w a s around H i m w i t h H i s personal is done ; pointed o u t a c o t t a g e w h e r e an old j t h e end of t h e old m a n ' s s t o r y , a n d Presence. For he was a man like Dad. m a n s a t , dozing in t h e s u n . No, | it is all t h a t is known a b o u t t h a t Now e v e r y t h i n g seemed d e s e r t he was no longer t h e sexton of t h e > f o r g o t t e n soul. Then, a s F a t h e r ed. E v e n t h e p a t h w a y t o t h e St. Joseph sawed and hammered and church. H e had held t h e p o s t for j Brown w a s g o i n g away, t h e l a t e church door w a s green, b e c a u s e of planed, years, b u t now his son h a d t a k e n j sexton spoke with the slow the few f e e t which p a s s e d along For food, for rent and for heat ; his place. T h e gentleman w a n t e d t h o u g h t f u l l n e s s of old a g o : "He's it, and a s for t h e g r a v e y a r d , it was And the wrinkles came in his face t o k n o w who w a s buried in t h e gone now, is t h e p a r s o n . H e ' s so u n k e m p t a n d uncared-for t h a t with the years g r a v e w i t h o u t a n a m e ? Well, t h a t been lying in his own c h u r c h y a r d Father B r o w n ' s mind w e n t quickly Of trying to make ends meet, he could tell, and b e t t e r t h a n h i s now t h i s m a n y a year. A n d m a y His hands were hard and his back from- t h e t h o u g h t of t h e o u t w a r d , son, for h e r e m e m b e r e d in h i s own be he k n o w s now if it w a s a fine was stooped, visible neglect t o t h e i n w a r d desoboyhood h e a r i n g his f a t h e r tell t h e a c t he did t h a t d a y or only a n u n But precious the charge he had ; lation of t h o s e t o m b s , t h e s o i l s of story of t h e s t r a n g e r w h o lay kind one t o a lone w o m a n — f o r So he laboured on for a Mother and whose d e a d h a d no word ?f p r a y e r buried t h e r e , and w h y t h e slab lone s h e w a s for all h e r b e a u t y . " Child— ever said for t h e m , f r o m y e a r ' s had no n a m e upon it. For he was a man like Dad. end t o y e a r ' s end. A c c o r d i n g t o Again F a t h e r Brown knelt b y t h e Who w a s h e ? Nay, t h a t h e the r e p o r t of t h e r a i l w a y g u a r d , grave. A g a i n in t h a t old c h u r c h could n o t tell. E v e n h i s f a t h e r St. Joseph, he hadn't a college degree ; there would still b e _ a coup-- of y a r d a Catholic p r a y e r w a s m u r had n o t known t h a t . B u t t h e There were books that he hadn't hours m o r e of his e n f o r c e d halt, mured b y a Catholic p r i e s t for t h e story t h a t t h e old m a n had h e a r d read ; and a s t h e priest s a t there was of t w o fine y o u n g g e n t l e m e n , soul of a Catholic who, f o r g o t t e n But against his breast that was loving amongst t h e g r a v e s h e b e g a n t o one as d a s h i n g a s t h e o h e r , driv- by all, h a d begged for p i t y , a n d and fund. say his r o s a r y for t h e m o s t forHe pillowed a tired Child's head ; ing into t h e village of i s u m m e r ' s t h a t evening, a f t e r t h e C o r p u s gotten soul in t h i s g r a v e y a r d , so Christi procession was over, And his arm was strong for Our m o r n i n g , and before n i g h t one of far r e m o v e d now from all C a t h o F a t h e r B r o w n told t h e s l o r y of his Lady's need ; them w a s l y i n g in t h a t g r a v e yonlic t h o u g h t o r p r a y e r s . Ah, great were the honours he had, der, w i t h a s w o r d - t h r u s t t h r o u g h chance visit t o t h e r e m o t e c h u r c h All w a s still around h i m a s h e His lore and wealth were a lowly his h e a r t . I t w a s said t h a t t h e y a r d w h e r e a n u n k n o w n Catholic prayed—almost b r e a t h l e s s l y still, Home— gentlemen h a d come from London lay buried. when suddenly, a s h e w a s beginYes, he was a man like Dad. to fight a duel—and t h i s one r e ning t o s a y t h e f o u r t h m y s t e r y , Not only F a t h e r B r o w n b u t all mained behind. the sound of a voice fell upon his t h e p r i e s t s p r e s e n t offered t o s a y " F o r y e a r s his body lay t h e r e , ears, n o t loud, b u t perfectly a M a s s for t h i s poor f o r g o t t e n distinct a n d clear, and t h e r e w a s a was c r y i n g t o t h e Lord for t h i s and t h e g r a s s g r e w over t so t h a t no one b u t m y f a t h e r r e m e m b e r e d soul, a n d for t h e souls of t h e tone in it t h a t thrilled t h e stillness unknown sufferer. where h i s g r a v e w a s , " — s o t h e old h u n d r e d s a n d t h o u s a n d s of o t h e r A f t e r finishing his p r a y e r , °t his supposed solitude. "Have m a n ' s s t o r y w e n t o n — " a n d n o t a Catholics w h o , buried in nonPity on m e , oh, h a v e p i t y on m e ! " F a t h e r B r o w n waited t o see if soul in t h e place b u t f a t h e r could Catholic g r a v e y a r d s , a r e — s o f a r A feeling akin t o t e r r o r came a n y t h i n g f u r t h e r would b e s a i d , a s p r a y e r s for t h e i r souls a r e h e tell a n y o n e w h o w a s b u r n e d t h e r e e r t h e p r i e s t , for t h e r e w a s such but all w a s still, so a t length concerned—forgotten. a t all. anguish in t h e voice a s h e had got up, a n d m a d e his way t o w a r d s :

ALL PHOTO DEALERS

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M A L A Y A CATHOLIC L E A D E R , SATURDAY, 9th N O V E M B E R , 1935. TRIBAL RELIGIONS IN INDIA.

GERMANY'S REACTION TOWARDS BARBARISM. THE ARCHBISHOP OF LIVERPOOL'S ADDERSS TO JEWS( B y AIR G E R M A N Y ' S new p a t h of n a r r o w intolerance, t h e p a t h of "Blood a n d Soil," w a s c o n d e m n e d a s a violent reaction t o w a r d s b a r b a r i s m by Archbishop Downey, a t the d i n n e r of t h e A n g l o - P a l e s t i n i a n Club, i n London on O c t o b e r 2 1 . His Grace, who w a s proposing t h e t o a s t of Religious a n d Racial T o l e r a n c e , said t o l e r a n c e did n o t i m p l y t h e waiving o r w a t e r i n g d o w n of one's own principles, b u t it did call for moral d e t e r m i n a t i o n t o leave unmolested t h o s e w h o did not subscribe to them. A d d i n g w h a t h e described a s " a w o r d in defence of m y c l o t h , " H i s G r a c e said a good deal of t h e so called religious p e r s e c u t i o n of t h e p a s t w a s n o t r e a l l y religious b u t political in c h a r a c t e r . T h u s when t h e Roman Empire embiaced C h r i s t i a n i t y it b e c a m e a t h e o c r a t i c S t a t e , and consequently h a d t o r e g a r d crimes a g a i n s t f a i t h , such a s apostasy, heresy and s c h i s m , a s offences a g a i n s t t h e S t a t e , i n fact a s h i g h t r e a s o n punishable with death. Time and a g a i n religion h a d h a d t o shoulder t h e o d i u m a t t a c h i n g t o t h e intolera n c e s of t h e S t a t e . " T h e C h u r c h should be j u d g e d by h e r own principles a n d a c t i o n s , " continued the Archbishop. "I would like t o call y o u r a t t e n t i o n t o a f a r - r e a c h i n g principle of religious tolerance laid down b y Pope G r e g o r y IX, 700 y e a r s a g o (April 6, 1 2 3 3 ) . I n reply t o a question from t h e French hierarchy as to w h a t should b e t h e i r a t t i t u d e t o small m i n o r i t y of J e w s in F r a n c e , t h e P o p e replied: ' C h r i s t i a n s m u s t s h o w t o w a r d s J e w s t h e s a m e good will w h i c h we desire t o b e s h o w n t o C h r i s t i a n s in p a g a n l a n d s . ' H e r e s u r e l y is safe, s a n e , sound guidance in t h e m a t t e r of religious toleration. " A t t h e b e g i n n i n g of t h i s cent u r y t h e world s e e m e d t o be growing m o r e t o l e r a n t b o t h f r o m t h e religious and racial s t a n d p o i n t s ; b u t of l a t e y e a r s t h e r e h a s been a violent reaction t o w a r d s b a r b a r i s m 4,000 T A K E P A R T I N P R O C E S SION HONOURING ST. THERESA. H o n g k o n g . — T h e p a r i s h i o n e r s of S t . T h e r e s a ' s C h u r c h , Kowloon, celebrated t h e f e a s t of t h e i r P a t r o n e s s on S u n d a y , S e p t e m b e r 29. H . E . Bishop H e n r y V a l t o r t a , P . I . M.E., V i c a r A p . of H o n g k o n g , officiated a t t h e principal M a s s , a f t e r w h i c h h e a d m i n i s t e r e d Confirmation t o several m e m b e r s of t h e p a r i s h . H e also blessed t h e flag of the Young M e n ' s Association, founded in M a y of t h i s y e a r a n d a l r e a d y n u m b e r i n g a b o u t 60 m e m b e r s . More t h a n 2,500 p e r s o n s r e ceived Holy C o m m u n i o n a t t h e t w o p a r i s h Masses. A procession a mile long p a s s e d t h r o u g h t h e s t r e e t s in t h e a f t e r noon, being w i t n e s s e d b y t h r o n g s of people. I t is e s t i m a t e d t h a t a b o u t 4.000 p e r s o n s w e r e in line, t h e various schools a n d Catholic Societies of t h e Colony, e a g e r t o j o i n in doing nublic h o n o u r t o S t . T h e r e s e of Lisieux, h a v i n g s e n t d e l e g a t i o n s t o p a r t i c i p a t e in t h e imposing demonstration. (Lumen)

MAIL). in m a n y p a r t s of t h e civi ised world a n d , m o s t noticeably, in G e r m a n y . H e r friends in E u r o p e , a n d s h e h a s m a n y , a r e distressed for h e r , because s h e h a s broken w i t h h e r own p a s t , w i t h h e r g r e a t cultural and humane traditions, a n d s e t o u t t o blaze a n e w p a t h , t h e p a t h of Blood a n d Soil, which is t h e n a r r o w p a t h of tolerance. ' T h e r e i s n o t h i n g in t h e world superior to authentic Germanism/ proclaim h e r p r o p h e t s . " F o r m e d u n d e r t h e mingled influences of Blood a n d Soil, t h e G e r m a n soul, we a r e told, is essent i a l l y d i s t i n g u i s h e d from t h e souls of s t r a n g e r - p e o p l e s . E v e r y foreign influence, every spiritual a n d cult u r a l i m p o r t a t i o n , is held t o enfeeble t h e G e r m a n soul a n d corr u p t t h e nation. Hence t h e persecution of t h e J e w s a s a n alien, and t h e r e f o r e evil, influence. " A n d n e x t t h e persecution of t h e C h r i s t i a n s . W h y ? Because Christ i a n i t y is n o t of t h e Blood a n d Soil. In o r i g i n it is J e w i s h , i t s philos o p h y is founded on t h e 1 n o u g h t of Greece, a n d its heirarchical organisation h a s developed on L a t i n lines. T h e r e is n o t h i n g Teutonic a b o u t i t : away with it! " W h a t justification w a s offered for t h i s reversion t o b a r b a r i s m ?" asked D r . Downey. "Here are Chancellor H i t l e r ' s own w o r d s : ' N a t i o n a l Socialism c a n p e r m i t itself a n y t h i n g , because it h a s s t r e n g t h in its h a n d s t o a n e x t e n t n e v e r before a t t a i n e d in t h e world's h i s t o r y / In o t h e r w o r d s , M i g h t is R i g h t . I t is t h e revival of t h e p a g a n e t h i c of N i e t z s c h e w h o dec l a r e d : ' t h e w e a k m u s t go t o t h e wall a n d w e m u s t help t h e m t o g o / " M e t h i n k s t h e l e a d e r s of Germ a n y would do b e t t e r t o direct t h e a t t e n t i o n of t h e i r people t o t h e m a x i m of one w h o w a s indeed of t h e i r Blood a n d Soil: I m m a n u e l K a n t , t h e philosopher of Konigsb e r g , w h o s a i d : *Be a person, and t r e a t others as persons'." ]

(Catholic

Times

CONGRESS

October,

B o m b a y — T h e a d h e r e n t s of t r i bal c u l t s in India, commonly referred to as Animists, decreased by 1 5 % d u r i n g t h e t e n - y e a r period b e t w e e n 1921 a n d 1931. In 1931 t h e r e were in all India 8,280,000 A n i m i s t s . C o m p a r a t i v e s t a t i s t i c s for t h e Santal t r i b e s of Bengal, B i h a r a n d Orissa g i v e a n i n t e r e s t i n g explanation of t h i s d e c r e a s e : 1911— 1,632,200 Animists; 436,000 H i n d u s ; 9,165 C h r i s t i a n s . 1931— 1,464,700 A n i m i s t s ; 1,020,000 H i n d u s ; 24,033 C h r i s t i a n s . "All over India, t h e p r i m i t i v e t r i b e s a r e , in point of religion a t t h e cross-roads," w r i t e s t h e E d i t o r of t h e Bombay E x a m i n e r , p u b lishing t h e s e figures. "Animism cannot hold i t s o w n ; it is yielding to Islam, to Christianity and chiefly t o H i n d u i s m . T h e s t o r y of t h e S a n t a l s is r e p e a t e d b y Bhils, Oraons, Gonds a n d M u n d a s . In t e n y e a r s , 1921 t o 1931, A n i m i s m lost one-and-a-half million a d h e r e n t s w h o now would b e C a t h o lics, if t h e y had found c a t e c h i s t s to receive t h e m . " " A t t h i s r a t e , " s a y s R a y s of L i g h t , " w e can foresee w h a t will h a p p e n in o u r g e n e r a t i o n . " Catholic missionaries of Calc u t t a , P a t n a and R a n c h i a r e a t work among those promising people, b u t t h e y a r e in sore need of m o r e men and m o r e m e a n s . (Fides). DAUGHTER OF CALLES R E S I D E S IN L O S A N G E L E S . L o s Angeles.—The d a u g h t e r and son-in-law of P l u t a r c o E l i a s Calles h a v e t a k e n a l a r g e h o u s e in an exclusive residential section hei*e, a n d associates of t h e f o r m e r P r e s i d e n t of Mexico a s s e r t t h a t h e will m a k e h i s home w i t h t h e m . F o r m e r P r e s i d e n t Calles a r r i v e d in California y e s t e r d a y from Honolulu.

25.)

B a n g a l o r e , I n d i a . — T h e editor of t h e Mysore Economic J o u r n a l lauds C h r i s t i a n missionaries a s follows: "Missionary agencies in India have n o t only a t t a i n e d success, b u t have also proved t h e m s e l v e s v e r y useful to t h e c o u n t r y a t l a r g e . The reason is t h a t t h e y who represent t h e m a r e s c a t t e r e d about t h e c o u n t r y doing good like J e s u s of Nazareth. By s p r e a d i n g educa-

tion a n d by m i n i s t e r i n g t o t h e sick t h e y h a v e earned t h e g r a t i t u d e of t h e people of India, a n d t h e r e is no d e n y i n g t h e fact t h a t missionaries a n d mission agencies do deserve well of t h e c o u n t r y . " (Lumen-N.C.W.C.)

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M A L A Y A CATHOLIC L E A D E R , S A T U R D A Y , 9 t h NOVEMBER, 1 9 3 5 .

MUSSOLINI CONFESSES HE CANNOT INTIMIDATE POPE. Anglican Bishop Suggests Pope is Prisoner

THE FLOODS IN NORTHERN KIANGSU. (BY FIDES SERVICE)

ARCHBISHOP HINSLEY'S REFUTATION

S h a n g h a i . — A recent interview with F a t h e r Jacquinot, S.J., P r e s i dent of t h e Famine-Relief Commitmon a d v a n c e m e n t of m a n k i n d . tee in t h e Yellow River Valley, T h e L e a g u e of N a t i o n s proclaimed reveals several i n t e r e s t i n g f a c t s t h i s principle a s governing t h e about t h e e x t e n t of d a m a g e caused M a n d a t e s , and England, I hold, by by floods in n o r t h e r n K i a n g s u . indirect rule a n d considerate meaT h e floods in t h e basin of t h e Jacquinot s u r e s of a d m i n i s t r a t i o n , h a s loyally Yellow River, F a t h e r s t r i v e n t o realize t h i s ideal. In says, do not receive so m u c h publipoint of fact, E n g l a n d r e s p e c t s city a s t h o s e of t h e Blue R i v e r because t h e y a r e less spectacular. i independence of t h e S u l t a n of Zanzibar, of t h e K i n g of U g a n d a , W h e n t h e Blue River b u r s t i t s and of t h e Chieftains of t h e West. b a n k s n e a r Hankow, for example, t e r r i b l e scenes of havoc w e r e creaAnd h e r recent recognition of ted a s h u g e walls of w a t e r w e r e s e n t I n d i a ' s r i g h t t o self-government is eloquent of t h e s a m e spirit. Pos- r u s h i n g t h r o u g h t h e c o u n t r y a t sibly t h e adoption of collective terrific speed. T h e floods of t h e Yellow River, a l t h o u g h t h e y come t r u s t e e s h i p , w i t h t h e consent of all concerned, m i g h t lead t o collec- more slowly, a r e m u c h m o r e d a n g e T h e river, which h a s no tive security m o r e surely t h a n rous. would t h e application of sanctions i fixed bed, h a s been China's g r e a t affliction for t h o u s a n d s a n d t h o u Revision Of M a n d a t e s . " I f E n g l a n d w e r e t o show gene- sands of y e a r s . rosity, both t o friendly n a t i o n s T h e question is now b e i n g asked which h a v e n o t a l w a y s been w h e t h e r or not t h e Yellow River friendly, by offering t o accept a revision a n d extension of Man- will continue t o follow t h e course d a t e s , such a g e s t u r e would r e - which w a s opened in 1852? L a dound t o h e r g r e a t credit a n d p e r - den w i t h debris a n d dense silt t h e h a p s g i v e t h e world a l a s t i n g river forces i t s w a y into n o r t h e r n difficulty. s e c u r i t y from t h e frightful possi- S h a n t u n g w i t h g r e a t P u s h i n g c o n s t a n t l y t o w a rds the bility of w a r . "Consider t h e s e facts. E n g l a n d south it m a y soon open a new p a s and F r a n c e h a v e t h e lion's s h a r e sage for itself t h r o u g h w e s t e r n in Africa. T w o o t h e r small n a - S h a n t u n g . t i o n s , Belgium a n d P o r t u g a l , h a v e A d a n g e r o u s gap, 200 y a r d s territories there many times larger wide, w a s broken in t h e dykes t h a n t h e m o t h e r countries. A about 70 miles n o r t h of Kaifungfu, t i m e l y u n d e r s t a n d i n g a b o u t Africa Honan, a few m o n t h s ago. T h e —more large-hearted t h a n the dykes a r e m a d e of e a r t h a n d h a v e Berlin A c t of 1885 a n d t h a t of a l v a y s been a precarious and unB r u s s e l s in 1890, w h ' c h were c e r t a i n protection against the signed "in t h e n a m e of A l m i g h t y Yellow River. I t was t h r o u g h G o d " b y all t h e powers, professing this b r e a c h t h a t t h e floods broke to b e ' a n i m a t e d by t h e firm i n t e n in A u g u s t , a n d t h e opening is tion of effectively p r o t e c t i n g t h e c o n s t a n t l y g e t t i n g larger. a b o r i g i n a l populations of Africa, a n d of a s s u r i n g t o t h a t v a s t conSeveral million persons have t i n e n t t h e benefits of peace a n d been affected by t h e flood, and alcivilization,' would t e n d t o overt t h o u g h General H u a n g F u of S h a n t h e g r o w i n g d i s t r u s t of t h e n a t i v e t u n g took p r o m p t m e a s u r e s to aid peoples a n d t h e u j t i m a t e combi- t h e sufferers, t h e w a t e r s did not n a t i o n of t h e coloured a g a i n s t t h e subside as it w a s first expected w h i t e s , so g r a v e l y a p r r e h e n d e d t h e y would, a n d various o t h e r difb y General S m u t s and Sir Abe ficulties h a v e combined in m a k i n g Bailey." t h e s i t u a t i o n worse.

( B y George B a r n a r d ) London,—"Signor Mussolini h a s confessed t h a t h e cannot, if h e would, i n t i m i d a t e t h e P o p e , " declares t h e A r c h b i s h o p of Westminster, t h e Most Rev. A r t h u r Hinsley, in a second l e t t e r to T h e Times on t h e Italo-Abyssinian crisis. That s t a t e m e n t w a s a reply t o the Anglican Bishop of D u r h a m , who had a s s e r t e d t h a t His Holiness is a " s u b s e r v i e n t prisoner of Signor Mussolini." On t h e g e n e r a l subject of t h e Holy F a t h e r ' s a t t i t u d e t o w a r d t h e crisis, A r c h b i s h o p Hinsley w r i t e s : "Speaking t o a n I n t e r n a t i o n a l Congress of N u r s e s on A u g u s t 27, the Pope declared t h e i m m u t a b l e teaching of t h e C h u r c h . A w a r of conquest, a n offensive, u n j u s t war, w a s unspeakably horrible. He could not b e a r to t h i n k of i t s possibility, and, if I t a l y w ere rightly accused of contemplating such a n o u t r a g e , h e reminded h e r and everybody t h a t t h e r e a r e means to r e a c h t h e solution of difficulties r e g a r d i n g expansion a n d security of f r o n t i e r s o t h e r t h a n recourse to w a r : self-defense h a s limits beyond which it is guilty. SPOKE AS TEACHER. r

"The Pope spoke t h u s as a teacher, not a s a n a r b i t r a t o r . H e g u a r d s himself a g a i n s t a s s u m i n g t h e role of s e t t l i n g individual secular disputes. Leo XTII, ft is true, 50 y e a r s a g o , by B i s m a r c k ' s request and w i t h t h e consent of Spain, did act a s a n a r b i t r a t o r in the question of t h e Caroline Islands. B u t b y t h e s e c r e t P a c t of London (1915) t h e Pope w a s barred from a n y s h a r e in, a n d responsibility for, t h e m a k i n g of the Peace.

"Even w h e n he speaks a* a teacher he is a p t t o be accused of seeking leadership in secular politics, unless he a g r e e s entirely w i t h the pre-conceptions of his critics. However, P i u s XI, in discharge of OCTOGENARIAN BISHOP IN his duty as s p i r i t u a l shepherd of his flock, h a s shown t h a t he is I M M I N E N T D A N G E R O F COMfearless and is not t h e subservient M U N I S T S I N MONGOLIA. prisoner of Signor Mussolini—as the Bishop of D u r h a m a s s e r t s — and even Signor Mussolini h a s Peiping.—Siaokiaopan, a Mission confessed t h a t he cannot, if he of t h e S c h e u t F a t h e r s in t h e Vicar i a t e of N i n g s i a , I n n e r Mongolia, would, i n t i m i d a t e t h e Pope. "Pius XI, still in g u a r d e d t e r m s , j h a s been besieged b y C o m m u n i s t s conveys a general lesson. He begs ' ever since October 5, says a t e l e g r a m that an already difficult question from Ningsia city received h e r e be not m a d e m o r e serious by recently. T h e village is defending threats which only i n s t a t e t h e itself valiantly b u t is doomed to spirit and a g g r a v a t e t h e situation, fall unless p r o m p t aid is forthcomand he p r a y s A l m i g h t y God to ing. bless t h e s t r e n u o u s efforts of those One of several m i s s i o n a r y F a m e n w ho u n d e r s t a n d I t h e r s in Siaokiaopan is H . E . Mgr. fclear-sighted i ^ X1 • cie * f P ?] ; H u b e r t Otto, 84-year old Bishop, being and of social justice, who who h a s spent 60 y e a r s in China are working a s p e a c e m a k e r s with ! w i t h o u t a furlough. It is said t h a t the really sincere intention of he h a s never seen a n a u t o . preventing w a r . In t h e Ningtiaoleang District, in "I a m r i g h t , I think, in inter- which Siaokiaopan is situated, preting P i u s X I a s appealing t h e r e a r e nine mission s e t t l e m e n t s hereby t o t h e t r u s t e e s h i p of t h e in fairly close proximity to one civilized nations in r e g a r d to a n o t h e r . T h e 15 priests staffing backward races. T h e moral j u s t i - t h e d i s t r i c t h a v e grouped t h e m fication of 'colonization' lies in selves in t h r e e of t h e m o r e easily treating those races a s a sacred defended missions ever since t h e trust, in o r d e r t o secure t h e i r C o m m u n i s t m e n a c e became serious, ^ o r a l b e t t e r m e n t a n d to t h e corn- a b o u t t w o m o n t h s ago. (Lumen) T

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In t h e Peishien district, a wall | 75ft. thick a t t h e base, 15ft. h i g h and 60 miles long in t h e s h a p e of a g i g a n t i c S, w a s completed in t h r e e weeks u n d e r t h e scorching A u g u s t sun. I t r e p r e s e n t s w h a t is probably t h e most energetic a t t e m p t a t holding t h e w a t e r s a t bay. The floods a r e m o u n t i n g steadily, however, and t h e dyke m u s t be patrolled and inspected day a n d night. The services of rich a n d poor were enlisted in building t h i s wall, and companies of workmen a r e engaged constantly in reinforcing and e n l a r g i n g it so as t o protect t h e crops which so far h a v e been saved. More t h a n a million worker? a r e employed on t h e dyke. Each village h a s t o furnish its quota of men, t r e e s , e a r t h and s a n d b a g s . To organize t h i s a r m y of w o r k m e n and to m a i n t a i n discipline w a s a t r e m e n d o u s task, a n d the means taken at times to guar a n t e e co-operation w e r e necessarily d r a s t i c . The misery of t h e people is extreme. T h e y a r e not willing t o r e t r e a t and t h e y d e p a r t only w h e n

all t h e i r belongings h a v e been carried a w a y . Instead of boiling tea t h e y m u s t now d r i n k m u d d y water. D y s e n t e r y a n d typhoid fever h a v e carried off a g r e a t n u m ber of lives. Malaria is widespread. In Kiangsu t h e r e a r e 200,000 refugees, and in S h a n t u n g between t w o and t h r e e millions. W i n t e r is approaching, a n d m e a n s m u s t be found t o feed a n d clothe t h e m . All t h e h o r r o r s of famine are i m m i n e n t . In some places t h e people e a t t h e b a r k of t r e e s , b u t in n o r t h e r n K i a n g s u t h e t r e e s have been killed by t h e i r long s t a n d i n g in t h e w a t e r .

FAR EASTERN MUSIC SCHOOL l-A, Kirk Terrace (Off Dhoby G h a u t ) SINGAPORE. T h e only a n d oldest i n s t i t u t i o n of i t s k i n d in Singapore w i t h up-to-date equipment. Had gained a series of successes in t h e T r i n i t y College E x a m i n a tions in t h e p a s t . N o a g e r e s triction. W r i t e for p a r t i c u l a r s . M. A N C I A N O , Principal.

T h e people a r e not g i v e n money because, since t h e c o u n t r y is not safe, it is b e t t e r not to send money from place t o place. N o r a r e t h e y given food because g r e a t c a r e m u s t be t a k e n not t o i n t e r f e r e with t h e prices a t t h e local m a r k e t s . T h e people receive coupons which a r e good for a fixed a m o u n t of food-stuffs. They consume very little, however, a n d t h r e e or four dollars mex. is sufficient t o keep a person alive for a m o n t h . It is c e r t a i n t h a t t h e w ater will cover t h e fields until t h e end of J a n u a r y , a l t h o u g h t h e people r e fuse t o believe t h i s . In t h e m e a n time, t h e y m u s t have doctors, m e dicines, food a n d clothes. r

B I S H O P S O F K W A N G T U N G TO M E E T I N R E G I O N A L CONF E R E N C E AT MACAO. Macao.—The quinquennial regional Conference of t h e Mission Superiors of t h e 16th Ecclesiastical Region, K w a n g t u n g , t o o k place here October 8 to 12.H.E. t h e Most Rev. J o s e da Costa N u n e s , Bishop of Macao, will presided, a s he is t h e dean of t h e Bishops of t h e Region. Coinciding w i t h t h e close of t h e Conference, a new c h u r c h , erected on t h e c r e s t of Macao's historic hill, t h e P e n h a , w a s solemnly i n a u g u r a t e d in p r e s e n c e of t h e visiting p r e l a t e s . T h e r e w a s a public procession, in t h e course of which t h e s t a t u e of O u r L a d y of F a t i m a , specially v e n e r a t e d in Macao, w a s b r o u g h t from t h e C h u r c h of S t . Dominic t o its new r e s t i n g - p l a c e On t h e P e n h a . (Lumen)

MALAYA

CATHOLIC L E A D E R ,

SATURDAY,

9th NOVEMBER, 1935.

Our Q u e s t i o n Box! [Readers are kindly invited to send in questions on religious dogmas or standards of moral conduct. Such questions must be put in good faith with a view to obviating any dubiety or adjusting any inaccuracy in pertinent matters of faith or morals. All questions must be accompanied by the names and addresses of questioners, not necessarily for publication, but as a guarantee of good faith. The Editor reserves the right to reject any question, which in his opinion, may appear trivial or frivolous.]

a n d covetousness a r e on record. Even anti-Papal writers have to go back s o m e f o u r h u n d r e d y e a r s t o find w h a t t h e y consider obvious cases of s u c h a b u s e . I t may be asked: But why should t h e faithful s u r r o u n d t h e P o p e , in h i s official capacity, w i t h such costly s p l e n d o u r ? T h e a n s w e r is s i m p l e : — b e c a u s e t h e y r e g a r d him a s t h e v i c a r or r e p r e s e n t a t i v e of J e s u s C h r i s t . O u r Lord is God, m a d e m a n ; and a s s u c h deserves e v e r y h o n o u r a n d splendour w e can give Him. I n H i s own P e r s o n , H e is of course beyond t h e r e a c h of a n y h u m a n d e m o n s t r a t i o n s of honour, since we, while on e a r t h , cannot m a k e a n y display in h e a v e n . N o t h i n g therefore is more natural t h a n t h a t we should do o u r u t m o s t t o show supreme honour to His V cer o y or V i c a r on e a r t h . E v e r y p e n n y s p e n t in t h e Vatican in keeping u p t h e P a p a l Couit is m e a n t to h o n o u r t h e K i n g of k i n g s a n d Lord of lords, w i n dwelleth in light inaccessible a n d is Himself in n o need of t r a p p i n g s of r o y a l t y . W h a t we c a n n o t give ur?to H i m , we give t o t h e s u p r e m e g o v e r n o r of His C h u r c h , a n d t h e f a t h e r on e a r t h of all t h e faithf';! by H i s a p p o i n t m e n t — t h e P o p e , who r u l e s a n d guides u s in C h r i s t ' s s e a d . If it be pleaded t h a t Christ h a d nowhere t o lay H i s h e a d , t h i s c e r tainly c a n n o t b e said in p r a i s e of t h e people w h o would give h i m shelter. T h e y also crucified H i m , b u t t h a t is scarcely a sufficient reason w h y w e should t r y t o do s o also. C h r i s t h u m b l e d Himself u n t o d e a t h , b u t t h a t is n o reason w h y w e should h u m b l e H i m . St. M a t thew prepared Him a banquet; M a r y and M a r t h a t r e a t e d H i m a s a n honoured G u e s t , t h e Magdalene poured costly o i n t m e n t over H i s feet, t h e w o m e n b o u g h t costly spices, o t h e r s a precious s h r o u d a n d a n e w t o m b t o b u r y H i m in, y e t none of t h e s e p e r s o n s receive blame in t h e Gospel. W h y t h e n should w e b e blamed for m a k i n g C h r i s t ' s r e p r e s e n t a t i v e live in a palace a n d in a royal court, since it is b u t a simple w a y of proclaimi n g t h e K i n g s h i p of C h r i s t ? (Answers by Rev. Dr. J. P . Arendzen, P . P . , P h . D . , M.A.)

Q. If a mother dies in childbirth after having freely accepted t h e dangers of motherhood in order t o fulfil the will of God in the vocation of marriage, i s s h e not a m a r t y r and will s h e not g o straight to heaven? A . S h e may n o t b e a m a r t y r i n t h e technical, ecclesiastical s e n s e , a s freely a c c e p t i n g d e a t h in t e s t i m o n y of t h e f a i t h ; b u t s h e m a y b e styled a m a r t y r in a w i d e r s e n s e — a m a r t y r t o t h e s u b l i me d u t y of m o t h e r h o o d . If s h e freely accepts death r a t h e r than saving h e r life b y t h e medical d e s t r u c t i o n of t h e child i n h e r w o m b , a n d if s h e does so in o r d e r t o do t h e will of God, a n d t h a t a g a i n s t evil counsel of u n s c r u p u l o u s o r unbelieving d o c t o r s or r e l a t i v e s , t h e n she c e r t a i n l y closely a p p r o a c h e s t h e d i g n i t y of t r u e m a r t y r d o m , a n d i t i s n o t e x t r a v a g a n t t o suppose t h a t a t d e a t h s h e will g o s t r a i g h t t o heaven without passing through purgatory. Q. Would y o u please make s o m e excuse for t h e wealth and riches of the P o p e in his palace a t the Vatican, w h e r e a s Christ had nowhere to l a y h i s head and t h e Apostles were all poor men. A . I t n e e d s n o excuse. T h e q u e s t i o n e r is e v i d e n t l y r n d e r t h e impression t h a t " t h e wealth and t h e r i c h e s " in t h e V a t i c a n a r e t h e Pope's private property, whereas t h e P o p e is n o t t h e owner, b u t o n l y t h e a d m i n i s t r a t o r of t h e p r o p e r t y of God's C h u r c h . If t h e L o r d M a y o r of L o n d o n sold t h e M a n s i o n H o u s e , L o n d o n e r s would legitim a t e l y object, a n d s a y t h a t n o a m o u n t of h u m i l i t y o r a b s t e m i o u s n e s s of t h e M a y o r a s a p r i v a t e p e r s o n would j u s t i f y alienation of p r o p e r t y d e s t i n e d f o r t h e use" a n d h o n o u r of t h e C i t y . last y e a r a t t h e C a m b r i d g e S u m T h e Pope's c a s e is parallel. A s m e r School of Catholic S t u d i e s . a p r i v a t e p e r s o n h e probably e a t s E a c h y e a r a s u b j e c t is ciiosen a n d a n d d r i n k s a n d d r e s s e s a s soberly i t s various a s p e c t s a r e dealt w i t h a s a n y simple m a n , a n d w e r e h e b y a u t h o r i t i e s on t h e matter. t o a c c u m u l a t e p r i v a t e riches f r o m C h r i s t i a n origins, w h i c h form t h e C h u r c h funds, o r u s e his position central m o t i f of t h e s e papers, h a v e t o a m a s s w e a l t h , h e wo .Id m e r i t been (for t h e l a s t h u n d r e d y e a r s ) e v e r y blame f r o m m e n , and t h e a n d still a r e of i m m e n s e i m p o r p u n i s h m e n t of God. Some P o p e s t a n c e . M o s t discussions b e t w e e n d u r i n g t h e l o n g . reign of t w o Catholics a n d non-Catholics t u r n t h o u s a n d y e a r s m a y h a v e sinned upon t h i s question. B u t r a t h e r in t h a t way. T h e m a r v e l is t h a t would w e u r g e t h e claims of t h i s considering t h e f r a i l t y of h u m a n book for t h e r e a s o n s enshrine"! in n a t u r e and t h e o p p o r t u n i t i e s t h e y t h e opening q u o t a t i o n . Being possessed of filling t h e i r p r i v a t e g r e a t believers in positive C a t h o p u r s e s , so few i n s t a n c e s cf a v a r i c e licism, w e a d v i s e all t o s t u d y t h i s period of t h e C h u r c h ' s h i s t o r y w i t h t h e w r i t e r s of t h e s e p a p e r s T h e s t u d y of C h r i s t i a n o r i g i n s PLEASE in detail r e q u i r e s m u c h time and, m o r e i m p o r t a n t still, a fair k n o w PATRONISE OUR ledge of t h e m e t h o d s of historical ADVERTISERS A N D c r i t i c i s m ; w h i c h t h i n g s few of u s , t h o u g h full of i n t e r e s t and k e e n MENTION THE ness, can be said t o possess As a n introduction t o t h e h i s t o r y a nd "MALAYA CATHOLIC t h e i n t e r n a l life of the r a r l y Church of t h e first t h r e ? centi ries, LEADER." w e know of n o t h i n g more suitable and authoritative t h a n this vo'ume.

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Browsing Among Books REUNION Catholic R e u n i o n : A n Anglican Plea. By F a t h e r C l e m - n t , M.A. (Basil Blackwell, Oxford, p o . 45, 2s. 6d.) W h i l s t we a p p r e c i a t e t h e c a r e a n d t h o u g h t which a r e evident in t h i s plea for reunion, we c a n n o t s a y t h a t we a r e convinced by^ t h e a r g u m e n t s f o r a U n i a t e P a t rip *-cha t e of C a n t e r b u r y . T h e position in England to-day is not parallel w i t h t h a t w h i c h led t o t h e f o r m a tion of U n i a t e C h u r c h e s in t h e East. In t h e first place, in spite of his claim t h a t " Anglo-Catholics a r e n o t a p a r t y a t all, b u t t h e C h u r c h of England i t s e l f " (p. 4 0 ) , t h e Rev. J a m e s T a i t Plowd^u-Wardlaw a n d his school do ?iot r e p r e s e n t t h e official C h u r c h of E n g l a n d . Hence we c a n n o t a g r e e t h a t " t h e official C h u r c h of E n g l a n d is a b s o lutely sound on all essentials except u n i t y " (p. 1 3 ) . Clearly t h e official C h u r c h of E n g l and is r e presented by t h e Anglican Bishops, whose d i s a g r e e m e n t s even on essentials a r e too well k n o w n . E v e n t h e a u t h o r himself speaVs of t h e " d e s t r u c t i v e a n a r c h y of Bir^v m i n g h a m " (p. 3 8 ) . Moreover, t h e " m e n d i n g " of Anglican orders from outride sources is in itself a confession of weakness on t h e p a r t of t h e AngloCai holies w h o t h e r e b y a d m i t t h a t /alid orders h a v e not b ? n h a n d e d d;i\vn in £Tiy section of ' h e C h u r c h of England, official or unofficial. Valid o r d e r s a r e q u i t e d e m i t e l y a n "insertion in o u r spiritual i e d i g r e e " (p. 3 8 ) . Nor are w e impressed by p r o t e s t s of loyalty t o t h o ancient C h u r c h of E n g l a n d a n d tc t h e ^ o p e by one who can say t h a t he i . u n willing to q u a r r e l w i t h t h e principle x

of p r i v a t e opinion o r t o "held i t u n r e a s o n a b l e " (p. 1 1 ) . Su^h a m a n r e m a i n s P r o t e s t a n t a t heart,, a n d in spite of m a n y t r u e things w r i t t e n in h i s l a t e s t oamphlet " Father C l e m e n t h a s sMll much t o learn about t h e one and onlv Catholic C h u r c h . Those w h o s u b m i t t e d to t h e a u t h o r i t y of t h e a n c i e n t Church in E n g l a n d did n o t a t t e m p t to d'etate t e r m s t o Rome. E a c h person made his individual submission, and Anglo-Catholics m u s t do likewise. •j.II.

The Pre-Nicene Church. The C a m b r i d g e S u m m e r School Lect u r e s 1934. ( B . O. & W. Ltd., 7s. 6d.) " T h e h i s t o r y of dogma, l&i all h i s t o r y , is useful only in so far a s i t c o n t r i b u t e s t o a r i c h e r life for u s in t h e p r e s e n t : i t is n e t a mere 'recherche du t e m p s perdu': i t s h o w s us t h e function of m i r d in C h r i s t i a n life. . . a n d it indicates t h e s u p r e m e i m p o r t a n c e for Christ i a n s in e v e r y a g e if they would receive t h e full gift of their Religion, t o see t h a t t h e y have t h e right u n d e r s t a n d i n g , t h e r i g h t con-opts, t h e r i g h t w o r d s , so t h a t they can m o v e freely in t h e world of revelation and see i t clearly to t h e horizon and obey i t s p r o m p t s with a rational obedience." With these w o r d s , F a t h e r Aelfric Manson concludes his l e c t u r e on " The doctrine of t h e T r i n i t y in t h e Pre-Nicene C h u r c h " in t h e volume i ^ d e r review. T h e y e x p r e s s , far better t h a n a n y w o r d s of ours, h e meaning and i m p o r t a n c e of this t o o k for Catholics. P r e - N i c e n e C h r i s t i a n i t y wa« t h e s u b j e c t of t h e lectures delivered ( C o n t d : a t foot of Col. A

MALAYA

CATHOLIC LEADER, SATURDAY,

SPORTS

CATHOLICS IN THE LIMELIGHT (By O u r Own Correspondent.)

Chia Keng Hock t o Play a t Berlin Olympics. Congratulations t o Chia K e n g Hock for being selected to play for China in t h e I n t e r n a t i o n a l Olympics at Berlin n e x t year. H e r e cently captained t h e Malayan Chinese a t S h a n g h a i w h e r e t h e y were runners u p t o H o n g k o n g although w i t h t h e i r injured m e n in the side t h e y would most p r o b a b l y have won t h e c h a m p i o n s h i p . * * * * English I n t e r n a t i o n a l . Peter O'Dowd, t h e English i n t e r national c e n t r e half has left Chelsea and h a s joined t h e F r e n c h club, Valenciennes. H e is r u m o u r e d t o have been offered £200 for his signature and £10 p e r week for t h e rest of t h e season plus bonus.

TIGERS

NOTES

SOCCER.

Wh N O V E M B E R , 1935.

HOCKEY. St. F r a n c i s ' Beat Malacca Club. St. Francis' Association of Malacca defeated t h e Malacca Club a t Hockey last week by 4 goals to 3. In t h e last few m i n u t e s t h e S.F.A. equalised and t h e n w e n t ahead t o win t h e g a m e . Leon and Theseira combined superbly to g e t t h e deciding point. £

Malacca D r a w with Selangor. Malacca drew w i t h Selangor a t Hockey a t Malacca last S a t u r d a y . G. la Brooy a n d P . M a r t i n played brilliantly for t h e visitors. T h e De Souza b r o t h e r s , and R. Leon shone for Malacca.

BOXING.

V e n t u r a Marquez, of Mexico, defeated J o e Diamond of J o h o r e on points in a thrilling bout a t t h e New World S t a d i u m last F r i d a y . Marquez is regularly to be seen a t * * * * t h e K a t o n g C h u r c h on S u n d a y s for James McMullan appointed like t h e g r e a t majority of t h e Manager * A s t o n Villa.' world's b e s t boxers p a s t a n d preJames McMullan, was first t e a m sent he is a Catholic. He is probmanager of t h e famous A s t o n ably t h e m o s t Stylish boxer in SinVilla football club. McMullan, gapore a t p r e s e n t . * * * * a Catholic, w a s appointed l a s t May from O l d h a m Athletic w h e r e | C a m e r a Beat Neusel. he was m a n a g e r . He w a s a P r i m o C a m e r a defeated W a l t e r Scottish i n t e r n a t i o n a l and ex- Neusel of G e r m a n y very decisively captain of M a n c h e s t e r City for a t New Y o r k , when t h e l a t t e r gave up in t h e f o u r t h round. H e h a d numerous seasons. received severe p u n i s h m e n t all t h r o u g h t h e fight. CRICKET.

McCabe t o Act a s Vice C a p t a i n . Stanley McCabe, the Catholic Australian c r i c k e t e r will a c t a ^ Vice Captain of t h e A u s t r a l i a n team d u r i n g the forthcoming South African t o u r . McCabe is well in t h e r u n n i n g for t h e position of captain of t h e A u s t r a l i a n T e s t Team a g a i n s t E n g l a n d in A u s t r a lia in 1936-37. H e is a splendid batsman a n d good bowler, and is very young.

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Micky W a l k e r , former middleweight b o x i n g champion of t h e world, w h o is a Catholic, is m a k i n g a successful "come back." H e h a s won all h i s c o n t e s t s since his r e turn to t h e ring. * * * * Small M o n t a n a defeated by a n a r r o w p o i n t s ' m a r g i n TufFy Pierpont a t Oakland, U.S.A. M o n t a n a is flyweight champion of t h e world b u t in t h i s contest t h e title w a s not at stake.

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D a n O'Mahoney, of Co. Cork, j t h e w r e s t l i n g champion of t h e j Two golfers p l a y i n g a n i m p o r t world, who h a s been w i n n i n g all a n t m a t c h w e r e a n n o y e d b y a slow his c o n t e s t s in rapid succession, couple in f r o n t of t h e m . A t one easily b e a t E m i l Dusek a t new J e r - hole t h e r e w a s a p a r t i c u l a r l y l o n g sey. O'Mahoney takes on all wait. O n e of t h e offending couple comers and is t r e m e n d o u s l y dawdled on t h e f a i r w a y while h i s Strong. companion s e a r c h e d industriosusly in t h e r o u g h . A t l e n g t h t h e * * * * w a i t i n g couple could contain t h e i r N E W F R E N C H T E N N I S S T A R . i m p a t i e n c e n o longer. Y o u n g and handsome D e s t r e meau is t h e n e w hope of t h e F r e n c h L a w n Tennis world. H e h a s defeated a n u m b e r of t h e Davis Cup players r e c e n t l y and is suspected to s h i n e in t h e coming I n t e r n a tional between Britain and F r a n c e .

" W h y d o n ' t you help y o u r friend to find his b a l l ? " o n e shouted, impatiently. "Oh, h e ' s g o t his b a l l , " t h e m a n replied, blandly. " H e ' s looking for his club."

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C A T H E D R A L OF T H E GOOD S H E P H E R D

T h e last week—end w a s a really busy one a t St. Michael's a n d testifies to t h e need of a n a s s i s t a n t for Rev. F a t h e r F o u r g s . T h a t jone will a r r i v e some t i m e nexc m o n t h is good news nor only t o t h e Rev. F a t h e r but to *aH h i s | parishioners. The choristers are j u b i i a n t because a bird h a s w h i s pered into t h e i r e a r s t h a t F a t h e r Sylvester, w h o is coming here, is a great singer and organist.

Baptisms. October 30-—Raymond Albert s o n of A l b e r t A n t o n i o Q u i n t a l a n d j Lilian Elizabeth Quintal, born on O c t o o e r 19, 1935. Godparents Albert Joseph D'Cruz and Winniefred D'Cruz. November 2. — S a l l y Cecily d a u g h t e r of A m b r o s e V i c t o r R u f u s and M a r y Mabel R u f u s , b o r a on October 26, 1935. G o d p a r e n t s M. Jalleh and Caroline D ' C r u z . * * * * November 3 . — M a r g a r e t Millicent Alice, d a u g h t e r of Gerald Stephen Sullivan and Millicent Cornelia Sullivan, b o r n on October 13, 1935. Godparents Claud Coshan and Mercy Coshan. * * * * N o v e m b e r 3 . — S t e p h e n Noce, s o n of C e s a r M a r i u s H o u g h t o n and A n i t a E u n i c e H o u g h t o n , b o r n on October 8, 1935. Godparents M. F. Houghton and Mary Houghton.

November 3.—Maxine Cerilia, d a u g h t e r of J o h n P a t r i c k Woulfe a n d I r e n e Juliet Woulfe. b o m on O c t o b e r 18, 1935. Godparents T h o m a s Cordeiro a n d Patricia Cordeiro.

November 3.—Winifred Mabel, daughter of R a y m o n d Joseph M e n d o z a and Monica Mendoza, born on October 24, 1935. Godp a r e n t s Pascal Pinto and Mary Monteiro.

November 3 . — P h i l o m e n a Mavis a d o p t e d d a u g h t e r of A d a P e r e i r a b o r n o n J u n e 2 1 , 1933. Godpare n t s P . K. Joseph a n d R i t a J o s e p h . CHURCH

ST.

JOSEPH.

Baptisms. November 3—Eunice A n n a Fern a n d e s , born on t h e 2 6 t h Octob e r , d a u g h t e r of G e o r g e Paschall F e r n a n d e z a n d of Lilian F e r nandes. God-parents—Matthew P e r e i r a a n d Denizia Regina Pereira.

IPOH

KUALA LUMPUR

SEREMBAN ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING. T h e A n n u a l Ge&eral m e e t i n g of t h e N e g r i Sembilan E u r a s i a n A s s o c i a t i o n w a s held on t h e 3 r d N o v e m b e r , 1935, a n d t h e following w e r e elected Office B e a r e r s for this year. P r e s i d e n t : — M r . R. J . Galistan. V i c e - P r e s i d e n t : — M r . C. W. R. Skelchy. H o n y . S e c y . : — M r . C. A. P i n t o . H o n . T r e a s u r e r : — F . A. Sta Maria. M e m b e r s of C o m m i t t e e : — M e s s r s . P. D . B r o w n , J. P . D a n k e r , E . C. D e W i t t , F. A . M a r b e c k , S. A. Martyn.

The Late Mr. G. I. Zechariah.

OBITUARY. L e a d i n g K. L u m p u r E u r a s i a n . T h e d e a t h took place on T h u r s d a y n i g h t , 3 0 t h October, 1935, of a respected r e s i d e n t in t h e p e r s o n of M r . G. I. Zechar i a h , l a t e Hospital A s s i s t a n t , Medical D e p a r t m e n t , F . M. S. T h e deceased w h o w a s 59 y e a r s of age w a s one of t h e f o u n d e r s of t h e Selangor E u r a s i a n Association of which he w a s once P r e s i d e n t a n d l a t e r a Life Member. Mr. Zechariah w a s also an a c t i v e m e m b e r of t h e S e l a n g o r Catholic F u n e r a l Association of w h i c h h e was several t i m e s P r e s i d e n t . The m e m b e r s of t h e Association t u r n e d out in force a t t h e funeral. T h e c o r t e g e left t h e h o u s e a t 3.30 p . m . on F r i d a y f o r t h e C h u r c h and t h e n c e t o t h e Birch Road Cemetery. T h e r e was a very large att e n d a n c e a n d a profusion of floral t r i b u t e s testified t o his popularity. Beside a s i s t e r , t h e deceased leaves a widow a n d a son t o m o u r n h i s ' loss. ' R e v . F a t h e r N . Deredec officiated b o t h a t t h e C h u r c h and a t the Cemetery. >M : R. I. P.

November 3.—Alice E l e a n o r Rozario, born on t h e 22nd October, d a u g h t e r of C u t h b e r t S t a n i s l a u s R o z a r i o a n d of Alice Nellie Rozario. G o d - p a r e n t s : — Wilfred Rodrigues and Connie Rodrigues.

A s usual in Ipoh, All Souls D a y was a wet d a y , but t h e w e a t h e r cleared sufficiently t o w a r d s t h e evening a n d t h e c e m e t e r y of S t . Michael w a s a busy scene tjf devoted s u p p l i a n t s for t h e beloved dead. T h e t o m b of t h e a t e R e v . F a t h e r Coppin of loving m e m o r y , covered w i t h a blaze of flowers a n d candles, w a s m u c h visited, t e s t i f y i n g to t h e love a n d e s t e e m w i t h which t h e late p a s t o r is r e m e m b e r e d by his old flock. * * * *

D E A T H O F L O C A L SPORTSMAN'S SON. T h e d e a t h took place on F r i d a y afternoon, 1st November, 1935, of M a s t e r George de Souza, second son of Mr. B. de Souza, t h e well-known local s p o r t m a n , a n d M r s . de Souza, a t t h e i r house in B u k i t B i n t a n g Rd. T h e deceased w h o w a s a prom i s i n g s t u d e n t of t h e St. J o h n ' s I n s t i t u t i o n h a d been ailing for s o m e t i m e w h e n suddenly he bec a m e worse on F r i d a y and passed a w a y a little a f t e r 2 p.m. T h e funeral took place on S a t u r d a y e v e n i n g a n d w a s largey attended. M r . B . de Souza is a Catholic Actionist. T h e s y m p a t h y of t h e m e m b e r s of t h e St. J o h n ' s C h u r c h Catholic Action Society goes t o Mr. a n d M r s . de Souza in t h e i r b e r e a v e m e n t . R.I.P.

A p l e a s a n t ceremony w a s w i t n e s s e d a t St. Michael's l a s t S u n day, when nine adults were reI ceived into trie C h u r c h . A m o n g j t h e g r o u p w a s Mr. C h o n g P a k Keen ( F r a n c i s X a v i e r ) lately a n j E n g l i s h t e a c h e r in a Chinese School a t T a p a h and now p r e p a r ing t o e n t e r Raffles College. Miss Chang Poh Thow (Mary Teresa), sister of M a s t e r C h a n g Min T a t , a Scholarship s t u d e n t of S t . Michael's I n s t i t u t i o n , w as a n o t h e r of t h e h a p p y n e o p h y t e s . T h e o t h e r s w e r e Lim Lien Fojng ( S t e p h e n ) C h o n g Yoo ( A u g u s t i n ) , On H a i Sien ( J o h n ) , L o h Choy ( F r a n c i s ) , Thoo Chin F o e (Mich a e l ) , Lien F o o n g H o ( T e r e s a ) , Chan Swee Choon ( F l o r e n a ) . * * * * P r . L. C. P i p of t h i s p a r i s h h a s couponed h i s d e p a r t ire from E n g l a n d and is t a k i n g u p f u r t h e r p o s t - g r a d u a t e work in c h i l d r e n s ' diseases a t t h e f a m o u s O r m o n d e S t r e e t Children's Diseases H o s pital, London, and a s h o r t course in Skin Diseases.

Mr. & Mrs. L. Hendroff who were recently married at Kuala Lumpur.

PROVINCE WELLESLEY

| j j j

KUALA LUMPUR. Marriage. " T h e wedding will t a k e place a t St. A n t h o n y ' s Church, K u a l a L u m p u r on 16th Nov. b e t w e e n O. F . Joseph of M e s s r s P a t e r s o n , Simons I Kuala L u m p u r w i t h Miss. Amelia I Pava-Marie, eldest d a u g h t e r of I Mariaselvem, Chargeman, Railw a y s Teluk Anson, a n d g r a n d I d a u g h t e r of M r s . B a l a v e n d r e m ; Pillay and t h e late B a l a v e n d r e m ! Pillay. *

OniTUARY T h e L a t e M r s . A u Yong Fook. T h e d e a t h of Mrs. Au Yong Fook (nee M a g d a l e n Loo Foong L i a n ) occurred a t h e r residence No. 285 P a g a r T r a t , Province Wellesley, on t h e 26th of October, a f t e r h a v i n g received the l a s t r i t e s of t h e Holy Church. M r s . A u h a d been ill for ever five m o n t h s b u t in spite of the b e s t medical t r e a t m e n t succumbed t o h e r illness. The deceased lady w a s 57 y e a r s of age. S h e leaves b e h i n d h e r 4 sons, 5 d a u g h t e r s a n d 17 grand-child r e n t o m o u r n h e r loss. M r s . A u h a s a d a u g h t e r as a n u n in T h e P e n a n g Convent and a son in S t . J o s e p h ' s Seminary, China, p r e p a r i n g for t h e priesthood. T h e solemn a n d impressive funeral w a s a t t e n d e d by a large n u m b e r of f r i e n d s and relatives. Rev. F r . M. S e e t conducted the services a t t h e house, the C h u r c h a n d t h e graveside. R.I.P. ACKNOWLEDGMENT. Mr. Au T e i k Yoon t h a n k s all t h o s e r e l a t i v e s , friends a n d the Catholic Actionists of the C h u r c h of t h e Sacred H e a r t who a t t e n d e d t h e funeral of his beloved m o t h e r and also those who sent w r e a t h s a n d letters of condolence in h i s sad bereavement.

Engagement. " T h e e n g a g e m e n t is announced of Mr. P . L o u r d e s , Divisional Superintendent's Office, F.M.S. Railways, K u a l a L u m p u r (second son of Mr. and M r s . A. P i t c h a y Pillai formerly of Ipoh and elder b r o t h e r of M r . P . Clement, s t u d e n t a t t h e College General P e n a n g ) and Miss Helen K a n n a m m a l (younerest d a u g h t e r of t h e late Mr. Jacob D. Swamidoss Pillai and of Mrs. Rachael D u r a c h i e Ammal formerlv of Trichinopoly, and sister of M r . S. M a r t i n , Madinerley E s t a t e , Kaiane> which took place a t Kuala L u m n n r on M o n d a y t h e 28th October, 1935."

RENE

ULLMANN

for JEWELLERY of every description and THE B E S T WATCHES RENE ULLMANN Raffles Place,—Singapore.

MALAYA CATHOLIC L E A D E R , SATURDAY,

IPOH

THE STORMY P E T R E L OF THE KINTA SANITARY BOARD.

INTER-SCHOOL HOCKEY.

35 Years In The Government Service U S E F U L L I F E O F MR. W. B. A S H B Y , M.C.H., J . P .

The St. George's I n s t i t u t i o n , Taiping, 1st a n d 2nd elevens t r a velled down t o Ipoh t o m e e t t h e St Michael's I n s t i t u t i o n a t hockey on S a t u r d a y 26-10-35 in t h e i r annual encounter. Due t o h e a v y r a i n t h e field w a s water logged b u t yet f a s t and interesting g a m e s of a f a i r s t a n d ard were witnessed. After t h e g r o u p p h o t o g r a p h s of the respective X I ' s were t a k e n , t h e 2nd elevens took t h e field. The forwards of St. Michael's showing more d a s h and e n t e r p r i s e were the first t o e x e r t p r e s s u r e . Exchanges a f t e r t h i s w e r e even until t h e v i s i t o r s ' defence w a s gradually worn down, a n d in one of the m a n y r a i d s S e o n g Fook scored w h a t proved to be t h e only goal of t h e m a t c h for t h e homesters. The St. Michael's boys pressed continually in t h e second half, b u t owing t o t h e good goal-keeping of Singaraju and offside infringements, were unable to a d d t o t h e i r score. The St. Michael's w o r k e d v e r y well as a t e a m a n d t h e o u t s t a n d i n g members were Chin Yoke, Chee Kai, T h e n g Pew, Seong Fook a n d Cheng Syn. For t h e St. George's S i n g a r a j u played well in goal and Voon H e n g and S a n t o k h S i n g h ably s u p p o r t e d him. By defeating t h e 1st X I of St. George's t h e St. Michael's r e g i s tered t h e i r 6 t h successive win since t h e inception of t h e s e m a t c h es in 1929. The S. M. I. X I proved t h e m selves superior i n all d e p a r t m e n t s , and defeated t h e S. G. I. X I by 6 goals to nil. An Thoo a t full-back, a n d Oy Chean a t centre-half s a v e d t h e i r side from a (heavier d e f e a t , a n d Mark Rodigues w a s a t r i e r b u t w a s not supported b y t h e o t h e r forwards. The S. M. I. X I played well t o a man, a n d it would be invidious t o pick out a n y one for special mention a l t h o u g h praise should be given t o Charles C h u n g , Kok Kee, Yeng San, Kim Yoong a n d Choong Shee. M. Foley and Michael Chung proved real stumbling blocks t o t h e visiting forwards, whilst F . Toft did t h e h V l e h e h a d to do in a w o r k m a n l i k e m a n n e r . Exchanges w e r e even in t h e first half t h e S t . Michael's scoring through Kok K e e and F o o k Seong. On t h e r e s u m p t i o n t h e Michaelians dominated play a n d added four goals t o t h e i r score, t h e scorers being F o o k Seong, Y o n g San, (2) and C. Foley. The St. Michael's XI w a s : — F. Toft (Goalie), M. Foley, Michael C h u n g (Backs), Kim Yoong, Choong Shee, N . Neela (Half-Backs), Kok Kee. C Foley, Charles C h u n g Fook S e o n g Y e n g San ( F o r w a r d s )

(MALAYA

TRIBUNE,

IPOH)

The " s t o r m y p e t r e l " of t h e K i n t a S a n i t a r y Board m i g h t b e a n a p t , t h o u g h not disrespectful, designation for Mr. William J o h n B e r n a r d A s h b y , whose s h o r t biography is as follows:— The few m e e t i n g s of t h a t body which I h a v e a t t e n d e d h a v e been quite notable for t h e keen i n t e r e s t t h a t M r . A s h b y t a k e s in t s affairs, and t h e principal impression t h a t I first h a d of it, w a s Mr. A s h b y m a k i n g . h i s presence felt, j u s t like in K u a l a L u m p u r w h e r e Mr. J o h n H a n d s h a s earned for himself a r e p u t a t i o n for being one of t h e most active m e m b e r s of t h e b o a r d — a position held in t h e K i n t a S a n i t a r y Board, in m y opinion, by Mr. Ashby. It is j u s t c h a r a c t e r i s t i c of a m a n who, h a v i n g spent all h i s life in t h i s c o u n t r y , most of t h e m in Perak, devotes t h e remaining y e a r s of it t o a s active a public life a s circumstances p e r m i t . Record Of A c t i v i t i e s . At one time, Mr. A s h b y ' s activities included the following: M e m b e r s h i p of t h e K i n t a S a n i t a r y Board, t h e K i n t a L i c e n s i n g Board, Visiting Justice, K i n t a P r i s o n ; C o m m i t t e e Member, Discharged P r i s o n e r s ' Aid Society; P r e s i d e n t , Ipoh R o t a r y C l u b : D i s t r i c t Secr e t a r y , R o t a r y Clubs of Malaya a n d S i a m ; Vice-President, Ipoh Catholic C l u b ; h o n o r a r y t r e a s u r e r , P e r a k R u g b y Football C l u b ; honorary corresponding secretary, Royal E m p i r e Society. T h e r e a r e several o t h e r offices w h i c h h e h a s held. Most of these, Mr. A.shby still r e t a i n s n o w — a fine e x a m p l e of a useful a n d esteemed citizen of t h e State. Mr. A s h b y w a s b o r n a t P e n a n g on J u n e 2, 1871, a p p r o x i m a t e l y 64V y e a r s ago, t h e only child of t h e l a t e Mr. William A s h b y , E u r o pean Inspector, S. S. Police a n d Mrs. A s h b y . His f a t h e r died before h e w a s five y e a r s old. His e a i l y education w a s a t St. J o s e p h ' s I n s t i t u tion, Singapore, a n d a t t h e S t . Xavier's Institution, Penang, and in 1887, a t t h e a g e of 16, until four y e a r s later, h e worked in t h e shipping b r a n c h of a m e r c a n t i l e firm at Penang. E a r l y Life. T h e firm closed down, b u t w i t h in t h e space of a m o n t h o r so, Mr. A s h b y h a d got o t h e r work, t h i s time a s a j u n i o r clerV. in t h e Secretariat at Taiping. It w a s t h e s t a r t of a s t e a d y and m e r i t o r i o u s career in t h e Governm e n t Service in P e r a k , l a s t i n g about 35 y e a r s . In less t h a n six m o n t h s a f t e r h e joined t h e service, h e b a d been promoted to t h e post of Chief Clerk in t h e Medical D e p a r t m e n t , P e r a k , w i t h which h e w a s connected in various capacities, until :

Y o n r

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rag

9th NOVEMBER, 1935.

April 1910, except for two b r e a k s , one of seven m o n t h s a s Chief j Clerk, L a n d Office, Lower P e r a k , . and t h e o t h e r of t h r e e m o n t h s a s ! Travelling A u d i t Clerk, F.M.S. I Railways. He w a s t r a n s f e r r e d to Kuala I L u m p u r in April 1910, a s Office j A s s i s t a n t t o t h e Principal Medical j Officer, F.M.S., and officiated as t h e first S e c r e t a r y of the Malaria Advisory Board. H e r e t u r n e d to Taiping in J a n u a r y 1912 on being promoted Financial Assistant, P.W.D., P e r a k . In t h e s a m e y e a r he officiated for s h o r t periods as A s s i s t a n t R e v e n u e A u d i t o r and R e v e n u e Auditor, Perak**>and d a r i n g t h i s period of his s t a y a t Taiping h e w a s h o n o r a r y s e c r e t a r y of t h e P e r a k Club. WithjSEk^K.S.B. Round a b o u t " t h a t t i m e , t h e K i n t a S a n i t a r y Board, *,hen controlling 23 t o w n s a n d villages, had j u s t come into being a n d Mr. Ashby took up d u t y in I; oh a s t h e first s e c r e t a r y of t h e newly c r e a t ed board. It w a s on May 1, 1916, a n d for a space of a little over t e n y e a r s , Mr. A s h b y r e m a i n e d in t h a t a p p o i n t m e n t until h i s r e t i r e m e n t on pension in J u n e 1926,—surely an excellent g r o u n d i n g for w h a t h a s now become a n e x t r e m e l y useful career of service on t h e S a n i t a r y Board. A public dinner w a s given in t h e Town Hall in his h o n o u r on t h e occasion of his r e t i r e m e n t . On h i s r e t i r e m e n t from t h e Gove r n m e n t service, Mr. A s h b y took u p t h e post of ' S e c r e t a r y , Ipoh Club, w h i c h h e hSld until t h i s y e a r It is in t h e y e a r s t h a t followed his r e t i r e m e n t from G o v e r n m e n t service t h a t Mr. A s h b y c a m e m o r e into t h e public eye. In J u n e 1928, he w a s a w a r d e d t h e Malayan Certificate of Honour, for loyal and valuable services, on t h e recomm e n d a t i o n of H i s H i g h n e s s t h e S u l t a n of P e r a k . T h e i n a u g u r a t i o n of t h e Ipoh R o t a r y Club saw h i m being elected joint s e c r e t a r y , a n d b u t f c r a break of four m o n t h s ' abs-rice t h r o u g h illness, h e h a s ^ e e n connected w i t h its activities since, holding t h e post of Vice P r e s i d e n t and P r e s i d e n t in t h e m e a n t i m e . In 1933, on t h e occasion of t h e b i r t h d a y of H.H. t h e S u l t a n of P e r a k Mr. A s h b y w a s appointed a J u s t i c e of the P e a c e for P e r a k . A S t a u n c h Catholic. Mr. A s h b y is a very s t a u n c h Catholic, a n d s p a r e s no effort o r pains t o f u r t h e r i t s cause, n o t only in t h e S a n i t a r y Board w h e n m a t t e r s a p r o p o s crop up, an 3 in o t h e r s p h e r e s a s well. In N o v e m b e r 1934, w h e n t h e Catholic Action Society for t h e P a r i s h of St. Michael, Ipoh, w a s formed, Mr. A s h b y was n o m i n a t e d P r e s i d e n t ; and a n o t h e r *md m o r e s t e r l i n g example of him ?o f a r a s his religion is concerned, is t h a t of t h e 17 y e a r s of t h e e x ' s t e n c e of t h e Ipoh Catholic Club, which I closed a t t h e end of last v e a r , Mr. j A s h b y held t h e position of vicepresident for 13 consecutive y e a r s . | Y e a r s tell heavily on a life a s active a s t h a t of Mr. A ^ h b y , and eye trouble a n d medical advice h a s forced him t o r e t i r e from a m o n g o t h e r activities, t h e secret a r y s h i p of t h e Ipoh Club, honor a r y corresponding S e c r e t a r y of t h e Royal E m p i r e Soriety, yicep r e s i d e n t s h i p of t h e Old Mic^iaelians' Association, committee m e m b e r of t h e Ipoh R a t e p a y p r s ' Association, and t h e honorary district s e c r e t a r y s h i p of t h e Rot a r y Clubs of Malaya a n d S i a m .

Beautiful

Cemetery Memorials in Marble and Granite. Photographs and prices sent on application. N O

OBLIGATION

T O

PURCHASE

SINGAPORE CASKET COj UNDERTAKERS

AND

MONUMENTAL

MASONS.

Nos. 1 & 3, Penhas Road, SINGAPORE. Telephone N o . 6075. THE POPE A N D THE W A R . (Continued

from page 2)

THE POPE'S PARTICULAR DUTY. The last public sattements of the Pope were his speech to the ex-combatants on Saturday, September 7, at St. Paul's, and his prayer for peace broadcast to the American Njational Eucharistic Congress at Cleveland, Ohio, on Thursday, September 26. From the former address we select the following typical passage. It was the eve of the war, which commenced, without formal declaration, vn October 2. The Holy Father said : "As Vicar of Jesus Christ We pray for peace. That is our particular duty, in which if We failed We could not be thought of as Pope. We wish that, together with the preservation of peace, the hopes, demands and needs of a great and good people—my people—may be recognised and satisfied, and its rights safeguarded, but always with justice and peace. With justice, because without justice there is sin, and ^ sin brings misery t o peoples; with peace, because peace alone drives away those evils of war which afflict all peoples. Peace is the necessary condition of aU prosperity. The foundation of all good in this world comes from peace and order. We pray always for peace." FAITHFUL TO THE LAST. Faithful to the last, in spite of all the war-mongering around him, to the Christian ideals of peace! This attitude is in itself an admonition, a rebuke, to Mussolini, a constant reminder of the truth, and a clearly implied condemnation .We ask whether anything more is needed than what the Pope has already said? One thing, yes, and it is prayer. Prayer according to the mind of the Pope, broadcasting to America. "We deprecate the material and moral havoc of wars and their dire aftermath of tears and sorrow, and implore that peace so much desired by all; peace to those who are near and to those who are far; and We supplicate at least a less intolerable burden of life for a world worn to exhaustion by the ravages of the great* depression/* T We submit that His Holiness has said enough, and more than enough for the present.

On r e l i n q u i s h i n g his a p p o i n t m e n t a s s e c r e t a r y of t h e Ipoh Club, a f t e r h a v i n g held it for n i n e y e a r s , t h e c o m m i t t e e or' t h e Ipoh Club m a d e h i m a life m e m b e r of t h e Club. T h i s honour h a s been conferred on only t h r e e o t h e r g e n t l e m e n , n a m e l y Major K. F . N u t t e r . M r . F . W. B a r n s a n d M r . P . G. S h o r t .

t OFFICIAL

ORGAN

PUBLISHED 20 P a g e s .

No. 45.

MALAYA

CATHOLIC

LEADER,

CATHOLIC

ACTION

WEEKLY.

SATURDAY,

9th N O V E M B E R , 1935.

10 Cents.

•,7-*

AS ORDINARY OF PHAT DIEM. R o m e . — T h e Most Rev. P e t e r A . Marcou, 78-year-old missiona r y Bishop a n d Vicar Apostolic o f P h a t Diem, Indo-China, h a s been obliged by failing h e a l t h t o r e s i g n h i s office and h a s t u r n e d over the d u t i e s of Vicar Apostolic t o h i s C o a d j u t o r , t h e Most R e v . John B a p t i s t Tong, T i t u l a r Bishop of Sozopolis. Bishop Marcou w a s born in L u n e l , Diocese of Montpellier, F r a n c e , in 1857. H e went t o T o n k i n in 1880, w a s m a d e Coadjutor t o t h e Vicar Apostolic of W e s t e r n Tonkin in 1895 a n d became first Vicar Apostolic of P h a t Diem in 1901. Bishop Tong, t h e new o r d i n a r y , is t h e first Indo-Chinese Bishop. H e w a s raised t o t h e episcopacy b y P o p e P i u s X I in S t . Peter's Home, J u n e 1933, w h e n t h e Holy F a t h e r personally consecrated live bishops from m i s s i o n a r y l a n d s , t h r e e Chinese bishops, one IndoChinese bishop a n d a n Indian A r c h b i s h o p . ( F i d e s ) .

H . E . J O H N B A P T I S T TONG, N E W B I S H O P O F P H A T D I E N , INDO-CHINA.

A BUDDING

CARUSO.

ABYSSINIAN MINISTER FOR FOREIGN AFFAIRS.

Published by Rev. Fr. Cardon and Printed by Lithographers Limited, 37/38, Wallich Street, Singapore, S.S.