Past Simple
teacher Denise Moraes catteacher.com.br
Past simple Auxiliary verb did for questions and didn’t for negatives
noun pronoun
verb + ed
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Add d, ed and ied for regular verbs; 2nd column for irregular verbs: ONLY IN THE AFFIRMATIVE
time mentioned
He studied English three years ago noun pronoun
auxiliary verb
verb base form
time mentioned
He didn’t study English three years ago
?
verb base form
time mentioned
Did he study English three years ago?
noun pronoun
irregular verb
time mentioned
teacher Denise Moraes
auxiliary noun verb pronoun
Johnny met his girlfriend one year ago noun pronoun
auxiliary verb
verb base form
time mentioned
Johnny didn’t meet his girlfriend one year ago auxiliary noun verb pronoun
?
verb base form
time mentioned
Did he meet his girlfriend one year ago?
Past simple: rules for regular verbs GENERAL RULE: add -ed to the infinitive of the verb visit → visited
jump → jumped
kill → killed
If a verb ends in -e, you add -d move → moved
live → lived
change → changed
If a verb ends in a vowel and a consonant, the consonant is usually doubled before -ed plan → planned
travel → travelled
If a verb ends in consonant and -y, you take off the y and add -ied try → tried
study → studied
But if the word ends in a vowel and -y, you add -ed play → played
enjoy → enjoyed
How to identify a regular verb 1
It is added –ed, -d or –ied to the verb
2
past simple =
past participle
teacher Denise Moraes catteacher.com.br
PAST SIMPLE AFFIRMATIVE SINGULAR I You He She It
AFFIRMATIVE PLURAL We You
visited
visited They
PAST SIMPLE NEGATIVE SINGULAR I You He She It
NEGATIVE PLURAL We You
didn’t
visit
didn’t
visit
They
PAST SIMPLE INTERROGATIVE SINGULAR
INTERROGATIVE PLURAL
I You He She It
We You
Did
Yes,
I You He She It
visit?
Did
PAST SIMPLE SHORT ANSWERS We I You You did No, He They She It
visit? They
We You didn’t They
teacher Denise Moraes catteacher.com.br
More examples She skydived with her friends yesterday. ?
Did she skydive with her friends yesterday? They visited their grandma two weeks ago. They didn’t visit their grandma two weeks ago.
?
Did you buy a videogame three months ago? They met Tina at the mall last week. They didn’t meet Tina at the mall last week. He moved to Berlin in 2019.
?
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We bought a videogame three months ago.
Did he move to Berlin in 2019? She changed her hair colour in January.
She didn’t change her hair colour in January.
?
Did you study at Anglo from 2012 to 2013? When I was a child I lived in New York. When I was a child I didn’t live in New York. She travelled to India from March to July.
?
Did she travel to India from March to July? I saw your father here at 9 o’clock. I didn’t see your father here at 9 o’clock. Mary had dinner with John on Monday.
?
Did Mary have dinner with John on Monday?
teacher Denise Moraes
I studied at Anglo from 2012 to 2013
How to identify a regular verb
Regular verbs
1 It is added –ed, -d or –ied to the verb 2
Irregular verbs
past simple = past participle
Base form
Past simple
Past participle
be
was/were
been
buy
bought
bought
change
changed
changed
do
did
done
grow
grew
grown
have
had
had
know
knew
known
live
lived
lived
lose
lost
lost
make
made
made
meet
met
met
move
moved
moved
see
saw
seen
sell
sold
sold
sing
sang
sung
skydive
skydived
skydived
study
studied
studied
swim
swam
swum
travel
travelled
travelled
visit
visited
visited
teacher Denise Moraes
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Grammar Vocabulary Games Online classes
teacher Denise Moraes catteacher.com.br