CCM Data & Primary Intelligence
Production and Market of Paraquat in China - The Second Edition
Sep. 2009
Researched & Prepared by:
Guangzhou CCM Information Science & Technology Co., Ltd. Guangzhou, P. R. China
Copyright by Guangzhou CCM Information Science & Technology Co., Ltd. (P. R. China) Any publication, distribution or copying of the content in this report is prohibited. Website: http://www.cnchemicals.com Tel: +86-20-3761 6606 Fax: +86-20-3761 6968 Email: econtact@cnchemicals.com
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Email: econtact@cnchemicals.com Fax: +86-20-3761 6968
CCM Data & Primary Intelligence Description: China’s paraquat industry has developed rapidly in recent years, with technical output growing with CAGR of 21% in 2003~2008. As the largest paraquat technical supplier in the world, China has created a new record in paraquat technical capacity in 2009, hitting 105,000t/a. China’s paraquat capacity has already exceeded the demand, but some large producers are still expanding the capacity. Why do they choose to do so and how do they survive the intense competition? Besides, with current global financial crisis, export of most herbicides, including glyphosate, has suffered obvious decline in 2009. However, paraquat export continues to see promising prospect, with export volume of technical reaching 53,000 tonnes in H1 2009, up 33% year on year. Why paraquat is so special and what kind of characteristics have contributed to its great success in herbicide market? How is the development trend in the future? Given China’s paraquat changing trend in 2008-2009, both domestic and overseas enterprises should pay close attention to existing and potential competitors in China, especially their technology improvement, production cost and market activities, etc., for the sake of seizing business opportunities. This report, based on CCM’s paraquat report finished in 2007 and its continuous monitoring on this industry in the past two years, will provide in-depth analysis on China’s current paraquat industry and future trends, in terms of technology innovation, waste treatment, export situation, raw material supply, pricing, etc. With wider perspective, this second edition of paraquat report will provide you with CCM’s primary intelligence. Penetrating into China’s paraquat market, this report not only updates all the data needed to Sep. 2009, but also strengthens the following aspects: Technology⎫ development situation and future trends; Changing raw material supply and⎫ its impact on paraquat production and price; Paraquat registration⎫ situation in the past few years; Governmental policies on paraquat⎫ production and improvement on waste treatment; Price changes in recent⎫ years and future trend; Analysis on paraquat export and future⎫ development; Consumption investigation.⎫ What can you benefit from this report? As China’s paraquat has been playing a crucial role in global market and its eye-catching performance under current global financial crisis will continue in the future, investment opportunities do exist in Chinese market. With CCM’s insight on this industry, the updated report will provides much useful information to the senior executives and decision makers who are seeking for investment opportunities within the industry.
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CCM Data & Primary Intelligence What’s more, this report, covering the whole industrial chain of paraquat, will also provide useful information to the upstream producers, as it has analyzed the raw material production and supply situation in detail, thus bringing unexpected benefits to those players.
Main content: No.
Content
Page
Executive summary
1
Source and methodology
3
I
Herbicide industry in China
5
I-1
Overview of Herbicide industry
5
I-2
Position of paraquat in herbicide industry
7
II
Paraquat upstream industry
8
II-1
Brief introduction to raw materials involved in paraquat production
8
II-2
Introduction to major raw materials of paraquat
8
II-2-1
Pyridine
8
II-2-2
Methyl chloride
10
II-2-3
Impact of raw material on paraquat industry
11
III
Paraquat industry
12
III-1
Paraquat development history in China
12
III-2
Paraquat registration situation in China
14
III-3
Paraquat production technology in China
16
III-3-1
Brief Introduction to different methods
16
III-3-1.1
Cyanide method
16
III-3-1.2
Other paraquat production methods
21
III-3-2
Comparison of different paraquat production methods
25
III-3-3
Production cost
26
III-3-4
Current technology level
26
III-3-5
Current research status
27
III-4
Paraquat supply in China
29
III-4-1
Overall situation of paraquat technical
29
- Production situation
29
- Geographical distribution
31
- Key factors
32
III-4-2
Overall situation of paraquat formulation
32
III-5
Trade of paraquat in China
36
III-5-1
Paraquat price and its influencing factors
36
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CCM Data & Primary Intelligence - Factors affecting the price
36
- Price change of paraquat
37
Import and export of paraquat technical and formulation
38
- Export price
38
- Export destination
41
- Export situation by manufacturers
41
- Trade trend of paraquat in next five years
54
III-6
Demand for paraquat in China
55
III-6-1
Consumption pattern of paraquat technical
55
III-6-2
Application of paraquat formulations
56
IV
Future forecast on paraquat in the next 5 years
68
IV-1
Drivers and barriers for paraquat development in China
68
IV-2
Future forecast on paraquat to 2014
70
V
Conclusion and commercial opportunities
72
VI
Appendix: Profile of major paraquat producers in China
74
VI-1
Syngenta Nantong Crop Protection Co., Ltd
74
VI-2
Nanjing Redsun Group Co., Ltd.
75
VI-3
Hebei Shijiazhuang Baofeng Chemical Co., Ltd.
76
VI-4
Hubei Sanonda Co., Ltd.
77
VI-5
Shandong Jinan Lvba Chemical Co., Ltd.
79
VI-6
Zhejiang Yongnong Chem. Ind. Co., Ltd.
80
VI-7
Shandong Lvfeng Pesticide Co., Ltd.
81
VI-8
Shandong Qiaochang Chemical Co., Ltd.
82
VI-9
Shandong Dacheng Pesticide Co., Ltd.
84
VI-10
Hubei Xianlong Chemical Co., Ltd.
85
VI-11
Shandong Kexin Biochemical Co., Ltd.
85
VI-12
Shijiazhuang Jitaisanmu Chemical Co., Ltd.
86
VI-13
Hebei Taoyuan pesticide Co., Ltd.
87
III-5-2
Executive summary: With rapidly developed herbicide industry, reflected by sharply increasing output and enriching varieties, China has become a major herbicide supplier in the world. It was estimated that herbicide output in China had reached XXXX tonnes in 2008, ranking the first in the world. As a non-selective herbicide and with so many years’ promotion, paraquat has won an irreplaceable position in weed control of orchard, corn fields, no-tillage fields and mulberry fields. Paraquat consumption had grown with CAGR of XXXX% in 2004~2008, higher than the average consumption
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CCM Data & Primary Intelligence growth of all herbicides (about XXXX%) in the same period. China is the largest paraquat technical and formulation producer in the world. As of Aug. 2009, paraquat technical capacity in China has reached XXXXt/a, which has exceeded the demand. Paraquat technical output was XXXX tonnes in 2008, with CAGR of XXXX% in 2004 -2008. Though paraquat capacity has exceeded the demand, some large paraquat technical producers are still planning to expand the capacity, which may further deteriorate the overcapacity situation and wash out some uncompetitive producers in the future. Both the overseas and domestic demand for paraquat is increasing rapidly in recent years. Consumption volume of paraquat technical and 20% AS had grown with CAGR of XXXX% in 2003-2008. As of Aug. 2009, there are XX active paraquat technical producers in China, mainly concentrating in Jiangsu, Hebei and Shandong. Major producers include Nantong Syngenta (XXXXt/a), Jiangsu Redsun (XXXXt/a), Hubei Sanonda (XXXXt/a), Shandong Lvba (XXXXt/a), etc. From 2004 to 2008, price of paraquat technical and formulation had increased gradually, and reached the peak in Aug. 2008, thanks to high raw material price and increasing paraquat demand both at home and abroad. Affected by the global financial crisis and intense competition among domestic producers, paraquat price began to drop in Aug. 2008. In Aug. 2009, mainstream quoted price for paraquat technical is USDXXXX/t, while that for formulation is USDXXXX/t. With more and more sufficient pyridine supply, its impact on paraquat price will become smaller and smaller in the future. A large proportion of paraquat technical produced in China is exported, accounting for XX% of total output in 2008. Thailand is the largest export destination for Chinese paraquat technical, followed by Indonesia and Australia. Chinese paraquat formulation export is mainly to Nigeria, Indonesia, Vietnam, Thailand and Ecuador.
Character of CCM' Report: The aim of this report is to provide powerful assistance to the strategy group and the management team in making correct decision as how to penetrate the ever-increasing China market and how to catch the maximum commercial opportunities. The report is formulated independently by CCM’s professional market researchers, based on the first-hand and primary data which are analyzed by scientific methodology, confirmed with both manufacturers/end users/traders and legal authorities, and presented in a logic way.
Sample pagesďźš
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III-4 Paraquat supply in China III-4-1 Overall situation of paraquat technical ……..
Production situation
China’s paraquat industry developed fast in recent years with CAGR of xxxx from 2004 to 2008. It is estimated that paraquat technical capacity with reach xxxxx t/a in 2009, with output of xxxxx tonnes in 2008. …….. Figure III-4-1-1 Output of paraquat technical in China, 2004-2008 …….. Table III-4-1-1 Basic information of paraquat technical producers, 2009 No.
English name
Abbreviation
Location
Status '09
Jiangsu
Active
1
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
2
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxx
Active
3
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxx
Active
4
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxx
Active
5
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxx
Active
6
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxx
xxxxxx
7
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Shandong
xxxxx
8
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Zhejiang
xxxx
9
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxx
xxxxxx
10
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxx
xxxxxx
11
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxx
xxxx
12
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxx
xxxx
13
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxx
xxxxxx
14
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxx
stopped
Source: CCM International
Table III-4-1-2 Paraquat technical output breakdown by producers, 2006 to H1 2009 Output, tonne
Capacity '09, No.
Abbr. t/a
H1 2009
2008
2007
2006
1
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxxxx
xxxxxx
xxxxxx
xxxxxx
2
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
15,000
xxxxx
xxxxxx
xxxxxx
xxxxxx
3
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxxxx
xxxxxx
xxxxxx
4
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxxxx
xxxxxx
xxxxxx
5
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxxxx
xxxxxx
xxxxxx
6
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxxxx
xxxxxx
xxxxxx
7
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxxxx
xxxxxx
xxxxxx
8
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
2,500
xxxxxx
xxxxxx
9
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxxxx
xxxxxx
xxxxxx
10
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxxxx
xxxxxx
xxxxxx
11
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxxxx
xxxxxx
xxxxxx
12
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxxxx
xxxxxx
xxxxxx
13
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxxxx
xxxxxx
xxxxxx
14
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxx
xxxxx
xxxxxx
xxxxxx
xxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
Total Source: CCM International
Paraquat technical capacity in China has greatly exceeded the demand, thus leading to low operating rate of less than xx% in 2008. …….. . ………. Table III-4-1-3 Producers who have stopped paraquat production as of Aug. 2009 No.
Company
Location
time
1
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxx
Stopped in 2007
2
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxx
xxxxx
3
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxx
xxxxx
4
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Shanghai
xxxxx
5
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxx
xxxxx
6
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxx
xxxxx
Source: CCM International
…….. III-4-2 Overall situation of paraquat formulation China is also the largest paraquat formulation supplier in the world. Generally, the most common paraquat formulation is paraquat AS 20% (calculated by weight-to-volume ratio) and paraquat AS 25%. In this report, we mainly discuss paraquat AS 20%.
Production situation
…….. Figure III-4-2-1 Output of paraquat formulation in China, 2003 to 2008 ……..
Manufacturers
Table III-4-2-1 Major paraquat formulation producers in China, 2008 Output No.
English name
Abbreviation
Location '08
1
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxx
2
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
3
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
4
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
5
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
6
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
7
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxx
xxxxxx
8
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxx
xxxxxx
9
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
10
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
11
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxx
800
12
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxx
800
13
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxx
xxxxxx
14
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxx
xxxxxx
15
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxx
xxxxxx
16
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxx
xxxxxx
17
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxx
xxxxxx
18
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxx
xxxxxx
19
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxx
xxxxx
20
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
x xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
Others
xxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
Total Source: CCM International
III-5 Trade of paraquat in China III-5-1 Paraquat price and its influencing factors
Factors affecting the price
Raw material
……….. Figure III-5-1-1 Price of pyridine and paraquat in China, 2004 to 2008 ……..
Supply and demand
…………
Price change of paraquat
……..
III-5-2 Import and export of paraquat technical and formulation
-
xxxxx
Figure III-5-2-5 Export volume and price of paraquat, H1 2009 …….. Table III-5-2-1 Export volume of top four producers(tonne) 2006 No.
2007
2008
Producers Technical
20% AS
Technical
20% AS
Technical
20% AS
1
xxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
621.470
xxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
2
xxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
3
xxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
4
xxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
Total Source: CCM International
Table III-5-2-4 Main exporters of paraquat, 2008(Quantity: tonne; Price: USD/kg) Technical No.
20% AS
Exporter
Value Quantity
Price
Quantity
Price
1
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxx
xxxxxxx
2
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxx
xxxxxxx
3
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxx
xxxxxxx
4
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxx
xxxxxxx
5
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxx
xxxxxxx
6
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxx
xxxxxxx
7
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxx
xxxxxxx
8
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxx
xxxxxxx
9
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxx
xxxxxxx
10
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxx
xxxxxxx
11
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxx
1,146.835
xxxx
xxxxxxx
12
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxx
xxxxxxx
13
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
381.850
xxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxx
xxxxxxx
14
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxx
xxxxxxx
15
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxx
xxxxxxx
16
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
3.21
xxxxxxx
xxxx
xxxxxxx
17
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxx
1,463,439
18
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxx
xxxxxxx
2.75
xxxxxxx
19
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxx
xxxxxxx
2.70
xxxxxxx
20
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxx
xxxxxxx
Total
xxxxxxx
xxxx
xxxxxxx
xxxx
xxxxxxx
Source: CCM International
Table III-5-2-5 Main exporters of paraquat, H1 2009(Quantity: tonne; Price: USD/kg) Technical No.
20% AS
Exporter
Value Quantity
Price
Quantity
Price
1
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxx
xxx
xxxxxxxxx
xxx
xxxxxxxxx
2
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxx
xxx
xxxxxxxxx
xxx
xxxxxxxxx
3
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxx
xxx
xxxxxxxxx
xxx
xxxxxxxxx
4
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxx
xxx
xxxxxxxxx
xxx
xxxxxxxxx
5
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxx
xxx
xxxxxxxxx
xxx
xxxxxxxxx
6
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxx
xxx
xxxxxxxxx
xxx
xxxxxxxxx
7
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxx
xxx
xxxxxxxxx
xxx
xxxxxxxxx
8
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxx
xxx
xxxxxxxxx
xxx
xxxxxxxxx
9
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxx
xxx
xxxxxxxxx
xxx
xxxxxxxxx
10
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxx
xxx
xxxxxxxxx
xxx
xxxxxxxxx
11
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxx
xxx
xxxxxxxxx
xxx
xxxxxxxxx
12
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxx
xxx
xxxxxxxxx
xxx
xxxxxxxxx
13
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxx
2.44
xxxxxxxxx
xxx
xxxxxxxxx
14
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
250.940
xxx
xxxxxxxxx
xxx
xxxxxxxxx
15
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxx
xxx
xxxxxxxxx
2.20
xxxxxxxxx
16
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxx
xxx
xxxxxxxxx
1.97
xxxxxxxxx
17
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxx
xxx
xxxxxxxxx
xxx
xxxxxxxxx
18
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxx
xxx
xxxxxxxxx
xxx
xxxxxxxxx
19
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxx
xxx
xxxxxxxxx
xxx
xxxxxxxxx
20
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxx
xxx
138.400
xxx
930,896
21
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxx
xxx
xxxxxxxxx
xxx
xxxxxxxxx
22
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxx
xxx
xxxxxxxxx
xxx
xxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxx
xxx
xxxxxxxxx
xxx
xxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxx
xxxxxx
xxxxxxxxx
xxxxx
xxxxxxxxx
Total Source: CCM International
…….. III-6 Demand for paraquat in China III-6-1
Consumption pattern of paraquat technical
China’s paraquat consumption has been increasing in recent few years with the rising domestic demand. In China, over xx% of paraquat technical is exported, and the rest is used to produce paraquat formulations, mainly paraquat AS 20%. The domestic consumption of paraquat (converted to paraquat technical) has increased from xxxxxxx tonnes in 2004 to xxxxx tonnes in 2008 with CAGR of xxxx%. Figure III-6-1-1 Consumption pattern of paraquat technical in China, 2004-2009 ……..
III-6-2
Application of paraquat formulations
Paraquat is used to control broad leave weeds and grasses, but less effective on deep rooted plants. It does not harm mature bark, and is thus widely used for weed control in fruit orchards and crops in zero tillage land, including corn, rubber, bean, cane and tea. It is used for weed control on non-crop land and can be used as a defoliant for cotton before harvest. …….. Figure III-6-2-1 Consumption structure of paraquat AS 20% in China, 2008 …….. Figure III-6-2-2 Consumption structure of paraquat AS 20%, 2006-2008 ……..
Orchard
…… Figure III-6-2-3 Consumption structure of paraquat AS 20% in orchards in China, 2008
…….. Figure III-6.2-4 Geographical distribution of main orchards in China, 2008 …….. Figure III-6-2-5 Orchard area in China, 1997-2008 ……..
Banana
……………
Apple plantation
........
Corn
…….. Figure III-6-2-6 Corn planting area in China, 1997 to 2008 ………….