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NEWS Industry News
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FEATURE Salt Effect in Liquid-Liquid Equilibria of Acetic Acid -Water-MIK System - by A. Suryanarayana and N. Khan, Dept. of Chemical Engg, RRSCET 18 Double Metal Catalyst Based Efficient and Economical Production of Biodiesel - by Dr Swati P Kolet, Assistant Professor of Applied Chemistry, International Institute of Information Technology, Hinjawadi, Pune, India, and Dr Prabhakar Ingle , Senior Principal Scientist and Head, Publication and Science Communication, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, India 28 2-Octanol / 2-Octanone Valorisation: A Bio Based Platform to Key Chemicals - by Arvind S. More, Senior Manager - Research and Development , Jayant Agro-Organics Ltd, and Dr. Subhash V. Udeshi, Director (Technical), Jayant Agro-Organics Ltd 34
CASE STUDY Aliaxis Plastic Piping Systems Solution for the Process Industry: An Interesting Application in Copper Refining - by Amedeo Macchiavello, Global Segment Director – Chemical Industry, Aliaxis 42
NEWS FEATURE Ion Exchange India Launches System to Convert Raw Sewage to Purified Water
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Disclaimer: The Editorial/Content team at Jasubhai Media Pvt Ltd has not contributed to writing or editing “Marketing Initiative.” Readers would do well to treat it as an advertisement. Printed and published by Mr Hemant K. Shetty on behalf of Jasubhai Media Pvt. Ltd., 26, Maker Chamber VI, Nariman Point, Mumbai 400 021 and printed at The Great Art Printers, 25, S A Brelvi Road, Fort, Mumbai 400 001 and published from 3rd Floor, Taj Building, 210, Dr. D N Road, Fort, Mumbai 400 001. Editor: Ms. Mittravinda Ranjan, 3rd Floor, Taj Building, 210, Dr. D N Road, Fort, Mumbai 400 001.
Chemical Engineering World
CEW Industry News Blackstone emerges as the front runner to buy Kirloskar Oil Engines India: The world’s biggest private equity fund, Blackstone has emerged as the front runner to buy Kirloskar Oil Engines Ltd (KOEL), the flagship company of the $3.5-billion Kirloskar Group. Promoters own 59.33% of Kirloskar Oil Engines (KOEL) that has a market cap of ` 4,947 crore at present. Pulak Prasad’s Nalanda Capital, with 9.61% stake, is the second largest shareholder in the company that makes diesel engines, agricultural pump sets and generating sets. Incorporated in 1946, Kirloskar Oil Engines manufactures and services diesel engines (primarily in the range of 2.5 to 740 horsepower) and diesel generator sets. It is the largest producer of non-automotive diesel powered engines in India. Its large engines are used for nuclear, marine and stationary power plants. and power generating units for residential, commercial, marine and defence applications, and offhighway equipment. It is the largest producer of non-automotive diesel powered engines in India. According to sources, one of the proposals being suggested is splitting the company by demerging its oil engines business into a new entity. Blackstone will step in then to buy controlling stake for around ` 2,600 crore, or about $400 million, and follow it up with an open offer for an additional 26% stake. Both companies upon demerger will have mirror shareholding. The cash and investments of around ` 1,000 crore will be left with the old company, which in effect will become a holding company.
Mr. Shishir Joshipura joins Praj Industries as CEO & MD Pune, India: Praj Industries, a global process solutions company has appointed Mr. Shishir Joshipura as the CEO and Managing Director, with effect from 2nd April 2018. Mr. Joshipura is a Mechanical Engineer from BITS Pilani and an Advanced Management Graduate from Harvard Business School. Prior to joining Praj, he was Managing Director and Country Manager of SKF India Ltd from 2009. Commenting on the appointment, Mr. Pramod Chaudhari, Executive Chairman of Praj Industries said, “I welcome Shishir on board as the new CEO and Managing Director at Praj. He brings with him over 35 years of track record at various leadership levels, deep understanding of local and global markets, besides sound industry background. We are confident that Shishir will steer Praj through the next phase of growth. Demand for renewable fuels has been growing at an exponential rate and we anticipate ethanol to emerge as the preferred choice given its properties as clean and sustainable fuel”. “Businesses around the world have strong focus on sustainability from the energy, economic and environmental considerations.” said Mr Joshipura. “With global renewable energy industry gaining momentum, Bio-energy space presents unprecedented opportunity. Praj is one of the leading players in the bio-energy solutions, globally. The unfolding opportunity presents a canvas for driving Praj’s growth to next level and I am looking forward to lead this exciting journey.” Praj is a major global player in the environment, energy and agri processing led applications. The Company is a frontrunner in the 2nd generation ethanol technology. Praj’s own and India’s first integrated 2nd gen demonstration 8 • April 2018
biorefinery has been operational since December 2016. Indian Oil Marketing Companies are setting up several 2nd gen biorefineries in India, where Praj has been selected as the technology partner for multiple projects. Also, several overseas customers are discussing Praj’s 2nd gen technology for biorefinery plants in different countries.
Tata Chemicals to acquire Allied Silica for ` 123 cr on a slump sale basis Tata Chemicals entered into a business transfer agreement with Allied Silica to acquire their business of precipitated silica for ` 123 crore on a slump sale basis. The acquisition is a part of the ` 295 crore investment approved by the Board during February 2017 towards this specialty business and the deal is expected to be closed within three months, Tata Chemicals said in a statement. R Mukundan, Managing Director, Tata Chemicals said, "This is in line with our focus to grow our specialty business, along with our consumer business". The agreement also includes the acquisition of an existing manufacturing site in Tamil Nadu, which will produce highly dispersible silica (HDS). Precipitated silica is a versatile product with applications in many industries, including rubber, oral care, coatings and agrochemicals, he said. "The acquisition also offers the possibility to make value added silica in the future for applications that demand high performance," Mukundan added.
Jet fuel demand touching the sky! India: The country’s demand for jet fuel has touched record highs this year, thanks to the push to connect more cities via airports as an expanding middle class increasingly takes on to skies as their favoured travelling option. Years of breakneck economic expansion have helped India become the world's fastest growing major domestic aviation market, according to the International Air Transport Association. That has been underpinned by ambitious government plans to overhaul the nation's infrastructure, including a push to build airports and offer airlines incentives to fly to smaller cities. Further adding to the fact is the domestic tourism that is attracting and encouraging the travelers with amusing packages. Under a flagship government scheme, the Airports Authority of India (AAI) is set to invest 175 billion rupees ($2.7 billion) in upgrading airport infrastructure over 2019-20. Average monthly demand for jet fuel could break through 700,000 tonnes this year, up from 2017's record 623,000 tonnes and from 566,000 tonnes in 2016, several industry analysts estimated. That would be an annual growth rate of around 12 percent, comparable to what China achieved during its main boom years in the early 2000s. India used 2.02 million tonnes of aviation fuel from January-March this year, up 9.4 percent from a year earlier, the latest government data showed. FGE forecasts a 10.5-percent year-on-year increase in Indian demand for jet fuel in 2018, while energy consultancy Trifecta expects growth of 12-15 percent. Chemical Engineering World
CEW Industry News New production line for thermoplastic specialty compounds in Krefeld-Uerdingen, Germany Germany: Specialty chemicals company LANXESS has now commissioned a new production line for the manufacture of specialty compounds at its Krefeld-Uerdingen site. The company has invested approximately seven million euros in expanding the production capacities of its engineering plastics. LANXESS is thus expanding its position as one of the world’s leading suppliers and developers of high-performance compounds based on polyamide 6, polyamide 66 and polybutylene terephthalate (PBT). The new line has an annual capacity of up to 10,000 metric tons. At the Krefeld-Uerdingen site, it complements the compounding lines designed for the production of Durethan polyamide compounds and PBT compounds of the Pocan brand. “With this investment, we are responding in particular to the development of new forms of mobility such as electromobility, but also to trends in the electrical and electronic industry such as the Industry 4.0, which are leading to a growing demand for complex thermoplastic compounds,” explains Dr. Michael Zobel, Head of LANXESS’s High Performance Materials business unit. The new production line includes a high-performance twin-screw extruder with a modern raw material feeding, precise dosing and an efficient cooling and classifying technology. In addition to its German sites in Krefeld-Uerdingen and Hamm-Uentrop, LANXESS operates compounding lines in all relevant economic regions worldwide to supply its international customers – for example in Wuxi, China, in Jhagadia, India, in Gastonia, USA, and in Porto Feliz, Brazil. In 2019, LANXESS will open another compounding plant in Changzhou, China, with an annual capacity of around 25,000 metric tons. With its world scale production facilities in Krefeld-Uerdingen and Antwerp, the specialty chemicals group is one of the world’s largest producers of polyamide 6 base resins.
LNG supply from Gazprom to commence from May India: India's state-owned gas supplier and developer GAIL Ltd plans to buy 0.5 million tonnes or eight cargoes of liquefied natural gas (LNG) from Russia's Gazprom in 2018/19. GAIL renegotiated the terms of a long-term 2.5 million tonnes per annum (mtpa) liquefied natural gas (LNG) purchase deal with Russia's Gazprom in January. This was the third such renegotiation by India with LNG suppliers to make the imported fuel more affordable, using its position as one of the world's biggest energy consumers to strike better bargains for its companies. India has also renegotiated long-term LNG deals with Qatar's RasGas and Exxon Mobil Corp as spot prices declined substantially amid a supply glut that turned trading of the seaborne gas into a buyers' market. GAIL is planning to get as much as 5 million tonnes of LNG from the United States as well, equivalent to about 80 cargoes throughout the fiscal year. GAIL is also working on implementing a national gas grid that is aimed at connecting the under-served eastern part of the country to the rest of the nation 10 • April 2018
Evonik opens its First Research Hub in Singapore Singapore: Germany-based specialty chemicals company Evonik today opened its first research hub for resource efficiency topics in Singapore, internationalizing its research into the areas of functional surfaces and additive manufacturing. Evonik has been present in Singapore for more than 20 years and with this strong regional footprint the company has positioned itself as a market leader in the specialty chemical industry, particularly in Asia. Furthermore the new R&D hub will be the home for Evonik’s project house tissue engineering, which is under the leadership of Creavis, the strategic innovation unit of Evonik. Overall the new hub in Singapore showcases Evonik’s strategic decision to expand the internationalization of its research and development activities. Located in Biopolis, the home for international and groundbreaking research in Singapore, the hub offers national and international professionals and graduates – spanning from engineers to scientists – a creative environment for innovative ideas in a highly interactive workplace. Talent from all over the world will be brought together to carry out pioneering R&D by integrating scientific and technological capabilities in a collaborative lab concept. With the research hub, Evonik is expanding its collaboration with public and private research institutions and organizations. Evonik has formed a partnership with Nanyang Technological University, Singapore to develop novel technologies in additive manufacturing for industrial application.
MonoSol to Build U.S. Water-Soluble Film Manufacturing Plant, Keeping Pace with The Growing Global Demand US: MonoSol, a Kuraray Division, to invest $72 million to build a new, 150,000-square-foot water-soluble film manufacturing facility in Lebanon, Indiana. It will have the ability to expand the site to over 400,000 square feet in the future. This will be the company’s fourth facility in the United States and sixth overall dedicated to producing water-soluble films. This site is expected to initially create up to 89 new, high-wage jobs when operational in mid- to late-2020. Customers worldwide use the dissolvable film to create pre-portioned packets for a wide variety of applications, including detergents and cleaners, food ingredients, agrochemical, cosmetics and personal care products, and pool and spa chemicals. This pioneering film technology is also used for the growing segments of transfer printing, countertops and solid surface release films, composites fabrication in aerospace, embroidery backing and healthcare containment applications. Construction is expected to begin in the second quarter of 2018 and be completed by mid-2020. Once completed, MonoSol’s global manufacturing footprint will include four plants in Indiana, USA as well as sites in Hartlebury, UK, and Saijo, Japan. “We are making a significant investment in our water-soluble film technology in response to continued global demand and the growing needs of our customers for innovative and sustainable packaging solutions,” said P. Scott Bening, President and CEO, Kuraray, MonoSol. Chemical Engineering World
CEW Industry News WACKER OPENS A NEW PLANT FOR FUNCTIONAL SILICONE FLUIDS IN INDIA Amtala, India : Wacker Metroark Chemicals Pvt. Ltd. is expanding its existing silicone production at its Amtala site near Kolkata with a new hydrosilylation plant for manufacturing functional silicone fluids. The plant with an annual capacity of over 6,000 metric tons was officially opened at a ceremony in Amtala. The expansion is WACKER’s response to growing regional demand for specialty silicones for use in the textile, personal-care, rigid and flexible polyurethane foam and agrochemical sectors. The investment for the plant amounts to around €6 million. “With this expansion of our production, we are broadening our product portfolio and can thereby open up new markets in the growth regions of India and Southeast Asia,” explained Christian Hartel, Executive Board member at Wacker Chemie AG with responsibility for Asia, at the opening ceremony today. “This investment underscores the commitment of WACKER to the Indian market and shows that our company is continuously growing its technical expertise and capacities in Asia.” Hydrosilylation is a chemical process in which organofunctional groups, such as glycols, olefins or ketones, are “docked” onto the periphery of silicones. This is done in order to modify the properties of the end product and render a silicone fluid, for example, hydrophobic (waterrepellent) or hydrophilic (water-attracting). Hydrosilylation silicone products reduce the incompatibilities between oils and water, thereby improving the compatibility with organic systems. The second application area of the new products manufactured in Amtala are polyurethane foams, in which functional silicone fluids serve as additives for adjusting the cell structure. Such foams are used in car interior trim and insulation materials. Silicone fluids and emulsions are also used in personal care products (eg, shampoos), in softeners for the textile industry and in agricultural applications. “Our new hydrosilylation plant enables us to address promising new markets where we haven’t been represented in India and Southeast Asia until now – for example the market for silicone functional fluids with its many sales opportunities,” said Soumitra Mukherjee, Managing Director of Wacker Metroark Chemicals. “In this way, we intend to secure our position as the market and technology leader for silicones in the region and provide a basis for further growth.”
Baby Feeding Bottles to reach worth US$ 3,556.4 Mn by 2025 I n d i a : According to the latest market repor t published by Transparency Market Research titled ‘Baby Feeding Bottles Market’: Global Industry Analysis and Forecast 2017-2025’, the revenue generated from baby feeding bottles was registered over US$ 2,469.9 Mn in 2017, which is projected to increase at a CAGR of 4.7% during the forecast period (2017-2025) Safe and convenient baby feeding bottles are occupying the most space on the shelves in the market. Parents are also looking for durable baby feeding bottles. Products with extra features and which offer optimal safety to babies are becoming increasingly important for manufacturers to cater to consumer demand, and drive the growth of the baby feeding bottles market. 12 • April 2018
Baby feeding bottles made out of polycarbonate are known to contain a harmful chemical called Bisphenol A (BPA). This BPA is a harmful chemical, and is known to mimic a hormone in the body which activates the progression of cancer and interferes with the development of the reproductive system. Due to its harmful nature, the usage of this chemical has been banned by many government bodies as far as baby feeding bottles are concerned. In recent times, even BPA-free polycarbonate has been found to be harmful for infants, which has led to mistrust amongst consumers towards the bottles made out of polycarbonate material. This factor has largely affected the segmental growth of the baby feeding bottles market. In 2017, the European Commission, which is an organization monitoring the proposals of European legislations, and implements decisions for the European Parliament, extended its ban on the use of BPA in baby feeding bottles to other products which come in contact with food and drinks, such as drinking cups and bottles. This signifies the potential of BPA as a harmful chemical in the body, and is also a strong restraint in the growth of polycarbonate baby feeding bottles. On the basis of region, the market in APAC is anticipated to dominate the global baby feeding bottles market both in terms of value and volume through to 2025. This trend is attributed to consumer dependence on baby feeding bottles as baby population is increasing exponential in this region. Moreover, China is projected to exhibit significant CAGR in terms of value during the forecast period. Some of the major companies operating in the global baby feeding bottles market are Philips AVENT, Artsana USA Inc., Novatex North America, Linyi Shansong Biological, Mayborn Group, HandiCraft Company, Munchkin Inc., Tupperware, BABISIL, Pigeon India Pvt. Ltd, Narula Overseas Industries Pvt. Ltd., Bonny Baby Care Pvt. Limited, Wuxi New Swiss Baby Products Co., Ltd., Alpha Baby Care Co., Ltd., Paul Manufacturing Company, Narang Plastics, Chemco Group, Linco Baby Merchandise Work's Co., Ltd., Farlin and Vital Baby.
Saudi Aramco's to build $44 billion world’s largest mega refinery complex in Ratnagiri Ratnagiri, India: Saudi Aramco, the world's biggest oil company announced a $44-billion deal to build a giant refinery complex in India with three Indian oil majors. The refinery at Ratnagiri in Maharashtra will have the capacity to handle 1.2 million barrels of oil a day, the Saudi company said in a statement after signing a memorandum of understanding with Indian Oil Corporation, Bharat Petroleum Corporation and Hindustan Petroleum Corporation. Indian Oil, Bharat Petroleum and Hindustan Petroleum have set up a joint venture for the deal with Aramco, Ratnagiri Refinery and Petrochemicals Ltd. The Ratnagiri complex will rank among the largest world refining and petrochemicals projects and will be designed to meet India's fast-growing fuels and petrochemicals demand. The project cost is estimated at around $44 billion. Participating in this mega project will allow Saudi Aramco to go beyond our crude oil supplier role to a fully integrated position that may help usher in other areas of collaboration, such as refining, marketing, and petrochemicals for India's future energy demands. Aramco may seek to include a strategic partner to co-invest in the mega refinery. Chemical Engineering World
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CEW Industry News Deepak Nitrites CSR Wing Deepak Foundation felicitated at the 15th FGI Awards by Mrs. Maneka Gandhi Ahmedabad India: Deepak Foundation was conferred with FGI award at the 15 th Federation of Gujarat Industries (FGI) awards for energetically engaging in the Corporate Social Responsibility activities of Deepak Nitrite Ltd. The award was presented by Mrs. Maneka Gandhi, Minister of woman and child development, Govt. of India at a function held on April 14, 2018 at Surya Palace, Vadodara. The award ceremony witnessed the presence of prominent business professionals spanning from various social and corporate sectors. Deepak Nitrite Ltd. has been implementing CSR activities through Deepak Foundation under which it has been providing free-of-cost, quality, maternal and childcare services catering to population of 10,00,000 people, delivered door-to-door medical services to around 26,000 citizens from marginalized sections of society. Moreover, it has also empowered 11,500 women in rural and tribal areas through training programs, and monitored nutritional intake of around 15,000 children. Overall, more than 2 million people have benefitted by activities conducted by Deepak Foundation. The Foundation has over 35 years of experience in implementing intervention projects in development sector and uplifting the lives of underprivileged communities. The award recognizes Deepak Foundation’s efforts for undertaking various CSR activities across India.
Uflex’s Unique Polyester Film - Classic example of Value Engineering USA: Flex Films - the global film manufacturing arm of Uflex has developed an innovative bi-axially oriented polyethylene terephthalate (BOPET) film with a unique velvety and luxurious surface at its manufacturing plant in Elizabethtown Kentucky in the United States. The new soft touch film FLEXPETTM F-STF exhibits exceptional scratch, heat and scuff resistance which has been a serious need-gap in the industry for flexible substrates. The surface is self-healing from most scuffing and is optimally durable. Talking about the new soft-touch BOPET film, Dr. Steven J. Sargeant, GM, Technology at Flex Films (USA) Inc. said, “If we scratch the surface of this film, it won’t be scratched. Soft touch is rendered through a robust surface coating, in combination with a proprietary in-line anchor coating on the base polyester film. It is this combination which imparts unique properties of self-healing, toughness and durability along with the soft texture. This effectively increases converters’ yield as they generate less scrap and have less customer rejections or other associated issues.” Elaborating upon the properties of the film, Mr. Vijay Yadav, Business Head, Flex Films (USA) Inc said, “The film has superior tactile properties. In addition to a soft surface that is heat and water resistant, the film exhibits improved scuff resistance along with ultra-low gloss (5-8 Gloss Units) and robustness superior to commodity matte surface films. All polymeric films tend to stick to themselves. This adhesion is termed as 'blocking'. In the case of our soft-touch film this isn’t an 16 • April 2018
issue to worry about at all. Through the combination of base film and off-line coating design, we have been able to avoid blocking, improve durability of the soft touch at high processing speeds. This in turn leads to higher production throughput. The film as you would see is thinner than previous low-quality solutions currently available in the market. This clearly decreases material costs of the end-use packaging at brands’ end.” Speaking about the value proposition of the new product, Mr. Anantshree Chaturvedi, Vice Chairman and CEO, Flex Films International said, “This film is FDA compliant for a range of uses making it further unique. It finds extensive use in luxury brand packaging, decorative packaging, labelling, graphic advertising banners, and high-end stationery products among others. F-STF film exhibits low gloss, excellent matte homogeneity with high haze (>90%) and very high contact (see- through) clarity. This means that the film can be readily reverse printed by convertors to impart deep and rich graphics. The surface maintains its soft and luxurious feel yet being strong and durable enough to withstand the ensuing rigours of handling throughout the value chain. Tactile feel products have an anticipated CGAR of 12-15% and are thought to be the highest growth segment in flexible packaging spaces in the United States. This is an encouraging opportunity that Flex Films is pursuing.”
GHCL Limited Awarded the Golden Peacock National Quality Award – 2018 New Delhi, India: GHCL Limited, a well-diversified group with footprints in Chemicals, Textiles, and Consumer Products segment has been awarded the ‘Golden Peacock National Quality Award’ for the year 2018, by the Awards Jury under the Chairmanship of Justice (Dr.) Arijit Pasayat, former Judge, Supreme Court of India. The Golden Peacock Award Trophy and a Certificate was presented to GHCL , at a specially organised 'Golden Peacock Awards Presentation Ceremony', held on Wednesday, 18th April 2018, at Hotel St. Regis Dubai, (UAE), in the presence of a distinguished gathering of business leaders and participants during IOD, India's "28th World Congress on Leadership for BUSINESS EXCELLENCE & INNOVATION". His Highness Sheikh Nahyan bin Mubarak Al Nahyan, Hon'ble Cabinet Member & Minister of Tolerance, Govt. of UAE was the Chief Guest. Golden Peacock National Quality Award Scheme was instituted by the Institute Of Directors in February 1991 to encourage Total Quality improvements in both manufacturing as well as service organizations in India. These Awards are presented to organizations in different sectors adjudged to have made the most significant achievement in the field of Total Quality. Commenting on this award Mr R S Jalan, Managing Director, GHCL said, “At GHCL, we believe that sustainability involves improving business operations and processes to become more efficient, agile, with a goal of dramatically reducing instances of non-compliance (eg, environment and social), costs and wastage. Respect for community and stakeholders is one of the core values at GHCL and one essential area of focus for us is institutionalizing safety as a core part of our culture. It is a great honour for us to be recognized for our initiatives”. Chemical Engineering World
CEW Features
Salt Effect in Liquid-Liquid Equilibria of Acetic Acid -Water-MIK System The effect of Ammonium chloride, Potassium sulphate and potassium chloride on the distribution of acetic acid between MIK and water at 35 0c is reported. Distribution data of the three quaternaries have been determined at salt saturation and basic ternary in absence of salt at that temperature. The binodal curve of the system is also presented. The simple equation of setschenov is not able to correlate the distribution data for the salt effect in this system. All the three salts studied are found to have salting out effect for Acetic acid in varying degrees. An empirical equation of the form:y = x /(a +b * x) is correlating the data. Setchenov equation is obtained when b is zero. Here x= XS and y=ln(X0/X).
T
he presence of a salt can either raise or lower the distribution coefficient of a solute in liquid-liquid equilibria. The distribution coefficient of a solute is defined as the ratio of Composition of solute in solvent(MIK) rich phase to Composition of solute in diluent (water) rich phase. These phenomena are known as salting out or salting in respectively. Up to now, no general equation is formulated to explain the salt effect in liquidliquid equilibria. Explanations are given for individual systems (7). Empirical correlations of setschenov (4), Eisen and joffee(2) and of extended setschenov model (8) are available in literature. Theory is available to obtain the solubility data of ternary liquid systems using NRTL method and UNIFAC method without salt and with salt. This salt method is used in extraction of metals. In the present work, the simple relation of Setschenov is tried to correlate the experimental data but not working satisfactorily. Most of the papers on salt effect correlated the experimental data by empirical equations in extraction using compositions or relative volatilities in distillation. Acetic acid water cannot be separated out cheaply by ordinary distillation, so liquid-liquid extraction is used. To improve separation in extraction, a suitable salt can be used. Earlier papers show, phenol (pollutant) can be removed from aqueous streams by this salt effect. Some data, correlations, uses and explanations of salt effect in both aqueous and non-aqueous ternary systems are given in literature (1-8). 18 • April 2018
Experimental Materials Analytical grade acetic acid, succinic acid, sodium hydroxide, Potassium sulphate, Potassium chloride,distilled water, Ammonium chloride, and MIK are used. Analysis Sodium hydroxide solution is standardized using standard succinic acid solution with phenolphthalein as indicator. Standard succinic acid solution was prepared by weighing accurately and dissolving it in a known volume of distilled water. Weight percent of acetic acid in each layer was estimated by titrating a weighed amount of solution against standard sodium hydroxide solution with phenolphthalein as indicator. The results are reproducible with a maximum error of 1 %( volumetric analysis). Procedure For X 0,Y0 values: Accurately weighed amounts of acetic acid, water and MIK were mixed in different amounts to obtain various X0, Y0 values without salt. The mixture was stirred by a magnetic stirrer for at least three hours in stoppered conical flasks. The layers were settled and separated in a separating funnel. A sample of around one gram from each layer was weighed accurately in an electrical balance and then titrated with standard sodium hydroxide solution. For X-Y values at saturation of the salt, accurately weighed amounts of acetic acid, water and MIK were mixed in different proportions, as were done to obtain X0, Y0 data without salt. Then weighed amounts of salt were taken and from this small amounts were
added at a time to the acetic acid-waterMIK mixture. The mixture was stirred using a magnetic stirrer and addition of salt was continued until no salt was seen at the bottom of the stoppered conical flask. The amount of salt added for saturation was beginning salt minus the remaining salt. acetic acid content was determined as above taking weighed amount of each layer and titrating with standard sodium hydroxide solution using phenolphthalein indicator. The temperature was around 350C . Lot of time was given for dissolving the salt in solution for saturation points and for settling of layers, for reproducibility and accuracy. When some observations were not following certain trend, then those observations were repeated for confirmation. Results Table-1 contains the solubility data acetic acid water - MIK system (Binodal curve data). Table-2 contains the distribution data of acetic acid, water and MIK system without salts. Table-3 contains the distribution data of acetic acid, water and MIK ternary with Ammonium chloride salt at saturation. Table-4 contains the distribution data of acetic acid, water and MIK ternary with Potassium shate salt at saturation. Table-5 contains the distribution data of acetic acid, water and MIK ternary with Potassium Chloride salt at saturation. Table-6 contains the salting out constant values for the acetic acid-MIK-water system. Fig 1 contains bimodal curve and Fig-2 contains distribution curves. The salt is present in varying amount in both phases. Knowing the amount of salt Chemical Engineering World
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CEW Features S. No
Wt% of Acetic acid
Wt% MIK
Wt% of Water
1
0.00
1.50
98.50
2
11.25
2.00
86.75
3
11.63
2.00
86.37
4
20.17
3.45
76.38
5
28.53
8.06
63.41
6
34.94
15.28
7
33.87
8
S. No
Xo (Wt% Acetic acid in water layer )
Yo (Wt% of Acetic acid in MIK layer )
1
0.00
0.00
2
5.70
7.30
3
7.90
10.80
4
16.18
22.58
49.78
5
26.72
31.19
25.47
40.66
6
34.96
42.61
33.21
33.58
33.21
7
41.51
45.66
9
33.12
37.74
29.14
8
40.91
44.08
9
43.58
48.64
10
33.12
37.74
27.14
10
54.39
57.52
11
33.07
51.14
15.79
12
31.88
57.73
11.39
13
28.76
65.98
5.26
14
24.70
70.55
4.75
15
24.32
73.00
2.68
16
21.65
75.00
3.35
17
11.86
87.56
1.58
18
10.65
85.14
4.21
19
9.40
88.56
2.04
Table-1: Solubility Data
Table-2: Distribution Data Without Salts
S. NO
X
Y
Wt% NH4Cl salt in solution on salt free basis
1
0.00
0.00
------
2
11.06
20.03
19.22
3
13.83
23.14
16.89
4
20.75
34.50
15.02
5
25.45
46.30
13.72
6
26.00
48.34
13.11
7
28.81
53.24
12.29
8
30.61
59.81
11.30
9
32.28
64.15
10.43
10
35.29
70.59
9.53
Table-3: Distribution Data with Ammonium Chloride Salt
Figure : Binodal Curve
20 • April 2018
dissolved in total solution (both layers) and the amount of salt dissolved in aqueous layer (determined by evaporation), the amount of salt present in MIK layer is obtained by difference. These will give percentages of salt in both layers. Weight percentages of acetic acid in the two layers having salt are calculated by volumetric analysis. Later these percentages are converted to salt free basis (Knowing the weight percentages of salt present in the layers). Weight percent of salt at saturation on salt free basis means : weight of salt / weight of salt free solution Chemical Engineering World
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CEW Features all systems and for all salts. When b=0,it becomes Setchenov equation(at low distribution coefficients). DISCUSSION This salt work is useful in pollution control and to separate components using cheap solvents and with less number of stages. The salt alters the solute composition in extract phase or in raffinate phase due to adhering of a solvent to salt molecules. The salt which has more Y/X value and greater than one is preferred.
S.NO
X
Y
Wt% K2 SO4 salt in solution on salt free basis
1
0.00
0.00
--------
2
6.42
5.29
4.41
3
11.93
10.28
3.90
4
19.40
16.46
2.79
5
19.45
17.73
2.48
6
26.66
23.60
1.97
7
29.53
26.88
1.70
8
31.38
29.97
1.46
9
32.42
30.55
1.27
10
38.40
34.51
1.18
Table-4: Distribution Data with Potassium Sulphate Salt
REFERENCES 1. A. Suryanarayana, N.B. Panda and S. Das, “ Salt effect in liquid-liquid equilibria of acetic acid water - petroleum ether system”, Ind. Chm. Engr., Section B , Vol.46, July-Sep. 2004. 2. Eigen E. O. and Joffee,J.J., Chem. Engg. Data, 11,480 (1986). 3. Setschenov, J. J. , Physic Chem.4,117 (1889). 4. Desai,M.L. and Elsen,E.O., J. Chem. Engg. Data,16,200 (1971). 5. Juan Jose, DePablo. and Prasusnitz,J.M., AICHEJ., 34, 10 (1988). 6. Coen,C.J., Blanch,H.W. and Prausnitz,J.M., “Salting out of aqueous proteins”. AICHEJ,40,4(1994). 7. Zerres,H. and Prausnitz,J.M., “ Thermodynamics of phase equilibria in aqueous organic system with salt”, AICHEJ,40,4,(1994). 8. Sekhar Rajnish and Kaganti,S.B.,” An extended setschenov Model of organic solubility of water in a 5%-100% Tri-n-
expressed in percentage at equilibrium. An empirical equation of the type of: y=x/(a+bx) fits the data for the three salts used. “a “ is the slope obtained by potting: 1/y versus 1/x where x= Xs and y= Ln (Xo/X) and “b” is intercept. CONCLUSIONS It is observed that the empirical equation of Setschenov ln( X0/X ) = KsX s cannot correlate the data for ternary systems when distribution coefficient (Y0/X0) is greater than 22 • April 2018
0.2. Here in this system, the distribution coefficient varies from 0.60 to 1. An empirical equation of form, ln(X 0/X) = X s/(a+bX s) (ASN equation) is correlating the data. Separation can be achieved with less number of stages using salt in ternary systems. The theoretical explanation for salt effect can be adsorption theory, since adsorption type equation is working here. This empirical correlation of ln(X 0/X) = X s/(a+bX s) may work for
butyl Phosphate/Diluent/Nitric acid/water biphasic system at 298.18 K”, Chem. Engg. Cong.-2003, Bhubaneswar, India. 9. Azhar,M;Ramanato,J.F.;D.Avila,Salt effects on liquid-liquid equilibria in water+Ethanol+Alcohol+salt systems. Journal of Chem.and Engg.data,Nov 2016. 10.Fania,S
Santos;Saulg,D
Avila;Martin
Aznar.Salt effct on liquid –liquid equilibria of Water+Butanol+Acetone system. Fluid phase equilibria,Nov 2016. Chemical Engineering World
CEW Features S.NO
X
Y
Wt% K Cl salt in solution on salt free basis
1
0.00
0.00
------
2
7.29
5.50
15.31
3
14.52
12.27
14.13
4
19.80
19.34
13.52
5
24.09
24.45
12.32
6
27.62
28.79
11.31
7
32.63
32.94
10.61
8
36.54
37.22
9.89
9
41.79
41.82
9.11
10
44.82
45.25
6.57
Table-5: Distribution Data with Potassium Chloride Salt
SALT
NH4Cl
K2SO4
KCl
a
0.11
0.095
0.5025
b
0.56
0.0
0.0
Table-6: Salting out Constants
Notation: a,b : Salting constants in the correlated equation y=x/(a+bx) Ks : Salting out constant, grams of solution (salt free basis) per gram of salt X : Wt% of Propionic acid in aqueous phase (salt free basis) in salt present system. Xo : Wt% of Propionic acid in aqueous phase in salt absent system, dimensionless Xs : Salt concentration, Kg of salt per Kg of solution (salt free basis) Y : Wt% of Propionic acid in organic phase (salt free basis) in salt present system, Y0 : Wt% of Propionic acid in organic phase (salt free basis) in salt absent system, x :XS y : Ln( X 0 /X) Author Details A. Suryanarayana and N. Khan Dept. of Chemical Engg RRSCET
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Chemical Engineering World
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CEW Features
Double Metal Catalyst Based Efficient and Economical Production of Biodiesel For the enhanced production of biodiesel a solid catalyst is desired which can handle raw, non-edible vegetable oil as feedstock in transesterification reaction. Dr. D. Srinivas at CSIR-NCL synthesized a series of double metal cyanide (DMC) complexes of Fe2+ and other metals such as Zn2+, Cu 2+, Ni2+ and Co2+ using commercially available K3Fe(CN)6.3H2O complex and other metal chlorides. The Fe-Zn-1 DMC complex prepared in presence of t-butanol and tri-block copolymer poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(propylene glycol)-block-poly(ethylene glycol) was found to be highly efficient for the conversion of a range of vegetable oils to biodiesel. The yield of the transesterification reaction in presence of catalyst was always found more than 90%. DMC is a non-toxic solid catalyst insoluble in most of the solvents including aqua regia.
I
ndia’s economy is improving at very high speed which demands for large amount of energy. In today’s scenario, the energy requirement of India is about 400GW and 75% of it is fulfilled by non-renewable fossil fuels such as coal, crude oil (petroleum), natural gas. Specifically, 44% of India’s total energy consumption comes from coal followed by petroleum which contributes 22% and natural gas at 7%. Presently with the meteoric developments in technologies the consumption of conventional fuels is increasing exponentially leading to rapid depletion of their stocks in nature. Also with the growth in transport sector which is one of the major end-user of fuels, the demand of petroleum is expanding over its production. According to the ‘Petroleum Planning and Analysis Cell (PPAC), Government of India’, India is the third largest importer of crude oil. Further, Industry and trade sources data reveal the increase in average demand for transportation fuel from 134 billion litres in CY 2015 to 145 billion litres in CY 2017 and estimated to rise up to 225 billion litres in CY 2026 which is major concern of economy. Beyond economy, the increased consumption of petroleum is associated with various environmental issues. Annual report on Bio-fuels demonstrates that India is the fourth largest global contributor of carbon emission in environment. Consequently, Indian Government is targeting towards development of new technologies to enhance the production of energy based on renewable sources and simultaneous reduction of carbon load on environment.
28 • April 2018
Under such circumstances, biofuels is considered as one of the most promising alternatives to conventional fuels. Bioethanol and biodiesel collectively called as biofuels are environment friendly, relatively cheap and can supplement conventional energy sources thereby help in reducing the dependency of India on imported fuels. The PPAC report for FY 2017 estimated that diesel alone fulfills 46% demand of the transportation fuel followed by gasoline / petrol at 24%. Therefore production of biodiesel and blending it with petroleum diesel for direct use in diesel engine can be a linchpin in alternative energy source. To accelerate the production of biodiesel, Government of India (GOI) started Biodiesel mission in 2003 and announced the National Biodiesel Policy on 11th Sep 2008. The ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) has prepared the Policy and has set a target of 20% blending of biodiesel with petroleum diesel by 2017, however the current average blending rate is only 0.1 %. The policy is also focused on maintaining low cost of biodiesel so that it will get easily accepted by public. There are two main
factors which affect the cost of biodiesel production, the cost of raw material and the cost of process. Therefore the policy is emphasized on use of non-edible oil obtained from waste and degraded land for the production of biodiesel. This objective is also failed due to unavailability of standard manufacturing process. Now the Ministry for Road Transport and Highway is emphasizing on replacement of vehicles running on petrol and diesel with electronic vehicles and vehicles using biofuels such as ethanol, biodiesel to control environment pollution and curb the oil import. Consequently, to accomplish the policy targets there is great necessity for developing an economical and environment friendly technology for production of biodiesel. Biodiesel comprises mixture of methyl or ethyl esters of fatty acid which can be prepared by either transesterification of triglycerides (TG) or esterification of free fatty acids. Previously known method for production of biodiesel utilizes mineral acid or base as a catalyst and refined vegetable oil as feedstock for biodiesel production. However, use of these inorganic homogeneous
Figure 1: Transesterification of triglycerides into biodiesel
Chemical Engineering World
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CEW Features Vegetable Oils/Fats
Non - Edible
Edible
Esterification
Fame+TG
+MeOH, - H2O
Hydrolysis +H2O, - Glyerol
Fatty acids Esterification
Transesterification (Conventional) +MeOH -Glyerol
Biodiesel
+MeOH -H2O
Figure 2: Different methods for production of biodiesel from vegetable oils
catalysts is associated with corrosion and environment hazards. Also, these catalysts require high cost feedstock restricting their implementation on large scale production. Several heterogeneous solid acid and base catalysts have also been developed to carry out the transesterification of low quality, nonedible vegetable oils. But the known solid catalyst usually show low reaction rate or lead to side reactions such as saponification. Therefore various institutes in India viz, IICT Hyderabad, CSMCRI Bhavnagar, IIP Dehra Dun, NCL Pune, Department of Bioenergy Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, R&D Center of IOCL, Delhi College of Engineering are involved in discovering efficient catalyst for transesterification of crude oils and standardization of biodiesel production on a commercial scale. Dr. Darbha Srinivas and team at CSIRNational Chemical Laboratory (CSIRNCL), Pune accepted the challenge and developed highly efficient and novel solid double metal cyanide (DMC) complexes as catalyst for production of biodiesel. The team demonstrated one-step DMC catalyzed transesterification of crude non-edible oils obtained from Jatropha, Karanja plants and unrefined rubber seed oil which can help to accomplish one of the targets of National Biodiesel Policy. Additionally, with 30 • April 2018
DMC catalyst TG can be converted into esters of higher alcohols i.e. biolubricants which are very good additives in diesel. The catalyst developed at CSIR-NCL is reusable and active even in presence of significant amount of water. According to Dr. D. Srinivas high efficiency of DMC is due to hydrophobicity and Lewis acidic nature of the catalyst. In 2011, Dr. D. Srinivas has received Vasvik Research Award for his imperative contribution to the field of biofuels. Technology Developed at CSIR-NCL For the enhanced production of biodiesel, it is desirable to discover a solid catalyst which can handle raw, non-edible vegetable oil as feedstock in transesterification reaction. Based on this requirement Dr. D. Srinivas at CSIR-NCL synthesized a series of double metal cyanide (DMC) complexes of Fe2+ and other metals such as Zn2+, Cu 2+ , Ni2+and Co2+using commercially available K3Fe(CN)6.3H2O complex and other metal chlorides. The synthesized DMC complexes were then simultaneously used for the transesterification of vegetable oils under identical conditions. Transesterification was carried out using variety of vegetable oils in presence of excess alcohol and 3-5 wt% of catalyst at 353-443 K for 1-5 hrs. Out of the synthesized complexes Fe-Zn-1 DMC complex prepared in presence of t-butanol
and tri-block copolymer poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(propylene glycol)-blockpoly(ethylene glycol) was found to be highly efficient for the conversion of a range of vegetable oils to biodiesel. Structural identification revealed the structure of highly active Fe-Zn-1 as K4Zn[Fe(CN)6]2.xH2O where X = 6-12. The general formula of DMC for other metal complexes is K2M3[Fe(CN)6]2.x’H2O where M = Cu2+, Ni2+ and Co2+ and X’ = 8-19. The yield of the transesterification reaction in presence of catalyst was always found more than 90%. DMC is a non-toxic solid catalyst insoluble in most of the solvents including aqua regia. One of the targets of National Biodiesel Policy is to use crude, non-edible vegetable oil for the production of biodiesel to maintain low cost which mainly depends on feedstock use for transesterification reaction. The problem associated with low cost crude oil is the presence of considerable amount of free fatty acid which interfere in transesterification reaction catalyzed by previously known homogeneous and some solid catalyst. To overcome the fact, Dr. Srinivas had tried transesterifcation of various crude, nonedible oils such as Jatropha, Rubber seed, Pinnai, Karanja oil in addition to few edible oils in presence of newly developed DMC catalyst. It was observed that the reported catalyst can catalyze the reaction with 85% conversion even in presence of 35% of free fatty acids in feedstock in single operation. Additionally, activity of most of the previously reported catalyst is sensitive to water content of feedstock making them inadequate for crude oils, however when transesterification of sunflower oil was carried in presence of added water over Fe-Zn DMC catalyst 90% conversion of oil into biodiesel was obtained even in presence of 20% of added water in feedstock. Usually transesterification reaction involving long chain alcohols lead to lower conversion of oil into fatty acid esters. The testing of FeZn-1 catalyst activity for transesterification with higher alcohol from C1 to C8 showed that there is very small variation in reaction yield with the length of alcohol chain. The fatty acid esters obtained with lower alcohols (C1-C4) are compatible with diesel properties Chemical Engineering World
CEW Features
Methanol Recycle
Methanol / Ethanol
Fixed Bed Reactor
Flash Separator
Oil Tallow Fame Stripper Column
Electrostatic Separator
Fame Distillation Column
Glycerin Column
Fame Product
Methanol Distillation Column
Waste Water
Glycerin Product
Figure 3: Biodiesel production using ENSEL process
and those with hexanol to octanol suitable for biolubricant application. According to Dr. Srinivas the small decrease in conversion is due to decrease in diffusion of higher alcohols. Study also revealed about the reusability of alcohol. According to Dr. Srinivas the porosity, surface hydrophobicity and Lewis acid properties are responsible for the activity of discovered catalyst. CSIR-NCL has patented the developed solid catalyst for transesterification of oils. The solid catalyst based large scale production of biodiesel and biolubricant is known as ENSEL process. The process is highly efficient, uses cheaper feedstock such as non-edible oils, animal fats and hence facilitates biodiesel production at lower cost than the conventional processes. In this process no pre-treatment of feedstock or washing of product is required. Additionally, in the reaction high quality glycerin (95-97% pure) is obtained as a co-product which has various pharmaceutical applications. Considering these virtues, the ENSEL process has been validated at Matsuyamo in Japan and Eulees in the US in pilot plants in collaboration with CSIR-NCL. SudChemie India Pvt. Ltd.is an Indian company which manufactures and supplies the solid catalyst developed at CSIR-NCL. Benefuel Inc. in association with Flint Hill Resources, 32 • April 2018
USA formed a joint venture “Dionix” and commercialized the ENSEL® process in a 160,000 TPA plant commercialized at Beatrice, Nebraska, USA. Various companies in government and private sectors are involved in the production of biodiesel. At present, oil marketing companies (OMCs) are purchasing biodiesel from manufacturing companies, blending it with diesel and selling in West Bengal, Orissa, Andhra Pradesh, Chennai and Gujarat. The oil ministry aims the current less than 1 per cent blending of biodiesel to increase it up to 5% by 2022 which can expand the biofuel market to ` 50,000 crore from about ` 6,500 crore. For this, India would need 6.75 billion litres of biodiesel. This illustrates the great demand of processes for large scale biodiesel production. Presently known various processes for biodiesel production are setup only on small-scale and need to be standardized on commercial level. Commercialization of any process is regulated mainly by four factors: availability of feedstock, profit of owner, safety of employees and effect on environment. In our country major hurdle for large scale production of biodiesel is availability of feedstock. As discussed Jatropha seeds are non-edible, cheap and very good source of oil which can be transesterified
into biodiesel. Even the National biodiesel policy focuses on use of Jatropha seeds as feedstock for biodiesel production. However, currently Jatropha occupies only around 0.5 million hectares of low-quality wastelands across the country. Consequently, various corporations, private companies along with state governments are promoting plantation of Jatropha on government owned lands by contract farming. Further, proper channels for distribution of biodiesel do not exist and its major use for transportation is still on trial basis. Conclusively, the lack of assured supply of feedstock and insecure returns from the business has restricted the efforts of government as well as private sector to set up biodiesel plants in India. We suggest to put these above two paragraphs in two separate boxes. Acknowledgements: The authors thankfully acknowledge Dr. Darbha Srinivas, Chair, Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry Division, CSIR-NCL for his inputs and suggestions. Dr. Swati P. Kolet is Assistant Professor of Applied Chemistry at International Institute of Information Technology, Hinjawadi, Pune, India. Dr. Prabhakar Ingle is Senior Principal Scientist and Head, Publication and Science Communication at CSIR-NCL, Pune, India. Author Details
Dr Swati P Kolet Assistant Professor of Applied Chemistry International Institute of Information Technology, Hinjawadi, Pune, India Contact: kolet.swati@gmail.com
Dr Prabhakar Ingle Senior Principal Scientist and Head, Publication and Science Communication CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, India Contact: pk.ingle@ncl.res.in Chemical Engineering World
CEW Features
2-Octanol / 2-Octanone Valorisation: A Bio Based Platform to Key Chemicals This article talks about Valorisation of 2-octanol & 2-octanone. Both of these are biobased products and can substitute petroleum derived chemicals in many applications.
N
ew product research and development in the field of chemicals has always been linked with the sustainability issues, either, it may be related to the raw materials, or from the process point of view or to the disposal of the material. Today, we live in ‘Chemicals/ Plastic Era’, and undoubtedly, we are dependent upon them. The average worldwide sale of chemicals as of 2014 was USD 3.6 trillion 1 and projected to pass USD 6 trillion by 2020 2. The precursors for most of the chemicals available today are based on petroleum resources, however, the dwindling and volatile petroleum resources, have been forcing industries to look for bio-based raw materials and greener methods to derive chemicals. 2Ethyl hexanol (2-EHA) has been one of the major ingredient for manufacturing various chemical materials. The consumption of 2-EHA estimated in 2018 is up to 4.4 million tons 3. The uniqueness of 2-EHA lies in its branched structure with pendant alkyl chain, which is responsible for breaking symmetry of the molecule and aiding flexibility, hence make it ideal for manufacturing plasticisers, in making acrylate monomers, and several other additives / chemicals which elevate the final material properties. The 2-EHA is derived from fossil fuel. It’s availability is finite and prices are linked to the unpredictable petroleum market. The matter of concern is products derived from 2-EHA are price sensitive and capable of impacting business adversely. 2-Octanol (Capryl alcohol, CAS No. 12396-6) and 2-Octanone (Methyl Hexyl ketone, CAS No. 111-13- 7) are produced 34 • April 2018
through the cracking of Castor oil molecule. They are bio-based branched alcohol and ketone respectively with C8 carbon chain and have structural and chemical similarities with 2-EHA. India is having a Lion’s share in worldwide Castor oil production, i.e. > 80%, assuring a secure, consistent and reasonably priced supply of 2-Octanol and 2-Octanone. 2-Octanol/2-Octanone represents an ideal and in some cases better alternative to 2-EHA and its derivatives and even to n-Octanol. 2-Octanol in addition to its being substitute to 2-EHA has also its distinguishing specific properties. 2-Octanol and 2-Octanone are already serving or have potential as chemical intermediates to manufacture plasticisers, ester, diesters, polyketones, ethoxylated and propoxylated products, surfactants, antioxidants, etc. 2-Octanol and 2-Octanone are also commercially being used as solvents for applications in coatings, inks, adhesives and possibilities in fine chemicals manufacturing. Their good solvency properties (Hansen Solubility Parameter: 20.02 MPa1/2 and 17.17 Mpa1/2), reasonable volatility combined with their safe use (Flash point: > 76oC) and low water solubility make them an ideal green solvent. Moreover, 2-Octanol has a low superficial tension making it applicable as a good wetting and defoaming additive. 2-Octanol and 2-Octanone are also used as ingredients in niche flavours and fragrances. The objective of this article is to present some of the key product folios based on 2-Octanol and 2- Octanone which are being commercially used and have
potential. Scheme 1, presents, chemical valorisation of 2-Octanol & 2-Octanone. Plasticisers: The main usage of 2-EHA is in the production of phthalate plasticisers (DOP) and it accounts for more than 2/3 of the worldwide 2-EHA production. The success of DOP based on 2-EHA lies in its branched structure and pendant alkyl chain. When incorporated in polymer matrix, such as in PVC, it acts as spacer in polymer chains and thus increases the free volume thereby making it processable without influencing the core properties of the polymer. 2-Octanol being a branched alcohol with pendant C8 chain has now been commercialised to manufacture dicapryl phthalate (b) and other specialty esters such as, adipates (a), sebacates (a), maleates, succinates, etc. The replacement of 2-EHA with 2-Octanol made the product more sustainable with similar plasticization properties. 2-Octanol has also been utilised in the preparation of acetates (c), capryl benzoates (d), mono-carbonates (e) and dicarbonates (f), which are used as co-plasticisers in chemical industry. (Figure 1) Scheme 1: Chemical valorisation of 2-Octanol/ 2-Octanone Surfactants: Surfactants have occupied an immediate place in our day-to-day life, from household materials to construction, textile, agrochemicals, food, the list is unending. The global market for surfactants in 2017 was USD 36 billion 4 and it shows its impact on human and environment. Among the several classes of surfactants, non-ionic surfactants such as alkoxylated ones and anionic Chemical Engineering World
CEW Features surfactants such as sodium sulfonic salts, sulfosuccinates are of interest from their versatility point of view, such as low surface tension, foamability, good wetting properties. 5 2-Octanol can be used to prepare disodium capryl sulfosuccinate (DSCSS) (z), dicapryl sulfosuccinate (DCSS) (y), capryl ethoxylates (u), capryl ethoxylate sulfates (x), capryl sulfate (v), capryl sulfonate (w), capryl propoxylates, capryl EOPO copolymers (t) and their sulfates, phosphates. The surfactants based on 2-Octanol have low surface tension, e.g. capryl sulfonate (w) and DC-SS (y) have a surface tension below 27 dynes/cm. Lubricants: 2-Octanol, being a branched alcohol, opens a platform of plethora of chemicals having potential uses as lubricants. There are several examples, where 2-Octanol is being used as intermediate to prepare lubricants, such as long chain fatty esters such capryl palmitates, stearates, leates, myristates, capryl and dicapryl carbonates (f). Among that, the dialkyl carbonates such as dicapryl carbonate (f) denote newer class of lubricants. The tribological studies, suggest these carbonates to have better lubricity properties than mineral oil or traditional synthetic esters of similar viscosities. Their unique property is unlike esters, the carbonate moiety decomposes to CO2 and parent alcohol, without formation of corrosive carboxylic acid as typically observed in esters.6 Monomers for polymerisation: The second largest usage3 of 2-EHA, after the plasticisers, is in making 2-EHA acrylates, which are further polymerised, or in situ polymerised to use in adhesives, surface coating materials, emulsions. In a similar way, 2-capryl acrylates (k) are developed and their properties are established, like low Tg polymer giving better adhesion characteristics for use in adhesives, particularly in pressure sensitive adhesives. 2-capryl acrylates can also be used in the production of homo and 36 • April 2018
copolymers such as in combination with acrylic acid and its salts, esters, amides, methacrylates, acrylonitrile, vinyl monomers, unsaturated polyesters, etc. When used in emulsion paint formulations, the polymers based on 2-capryl acrylate will impart good water resistance, low temperature flexibility and excellent weathering and sunlight resistance, due to the hydrophobic pendant C8 chain. Bisphenol-A is obtained by a reaction of acetone and phenol and is a very versatile monomer, used in the synthesis of polycarbonates, polyesters, epoxy resins, etc. The polymers based on bisphenol-A have their limitations, such high Tg, high melting thermal characteristics, low fluidity and processing difficulties. In order to improve the processing characteristics, incorporation of pendant alkyl chain in the bisphenol backbone has proven to be successful. The 2-Octanone can be explored to prepare bisphenol (s) with pendant alkyl C7 chain. The alkyl chain is believed to impart flexibility in the molecule and thereby to the polymer without influencing its thermal stability. Also the presence of alkyl chain breaks the molecular packing and enhance its solubility in organic solvents. Additives for chemicals: The chemicals are composed of different types like single organic entity, oligomeric chemical products to polymers (plastic, rubber, viscous liquid, etc.). Most of the chemicals cannot be used as such and need alterations or some other chemical addition in order to have a better applicability. 2-Octanol and 2-Octanone have been successfully used in the synthesis of such additives for numerous purposes. To name a few: 2-Capryl glycidyl ether: – Epoxy resins based on bisphenol-A glycidyl ethers are very viscous and hardly facilitate the coating application without using
solvents for dilution. Solvents evaporate and pollute the air besides leading to loss in material. Also the use of solvents is banned in most of the countries in resins used in food products, cosmetic products packing due to their toxicity. The 2- Octanol based glycidyl ether (g) is a colourless, low viscosity epoxide resin and used as a reactive diluent in epoxy formulations. It not only imparts substantial viscosity reduction in epoxy resins, but becomes a part of the polymer backbone and hence adds to the solids and does not contribute to the volatiles. It also has positive impact resistance properties when incorporated in the epoxy resins. Capryl glycidyl ether (g) is compatible with conventional epoxy resins and can be mixed by simply blending. Cyclic acetal derivative of 2-Octanol: 2-Octanol when reacted with glycerine gives cyclic acetal derivative (h). These cyclic acetals are used as additives in biodiesel. They are also used as coalescing agents in emulsion paints to bring down the minimum film forming temperature of the film. Moreover, capryl based cyclic acetals when esterified should give excellent lubrication properties in combination with the parent lubricant. These acetals are also used as solvents for herbicides, agricultural formulations, as plasticiser for polymers and as emollients, etc. [7, 8] Methyl heptyl ketoxime (MHKO): Airdrying paints and inks under storage have a tendency to form a skin due to oxidation which affects the quality and leads to loss in material. In order to overcome that, oximebased additives are used as anti-skinning agents in such paints and inks. The antiskinning additive, MHKO (i) based on 2-Octanone has shown good performance in anti-skinning behaviour when added in paints, lacquers, varnishes and in printing inks. It has good solvency and compatibility with variety of paints and varnish products. The MHKO being adequately volatile in nature, allows satisfactory drying of the paint film in stipulated duration. Chemical Engineering World
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CEW Features The MHKO can also serve as a blocking agent for isocyanates that allows prolonged stable storage of either isocyanates or isocyanate terminated prepolymers. The MHKO (i) can also be used to prepare crosslinking agents for silicon sealants, with advantages such as fast curing, excellent adhesion, etc. Amine derivatives based on 2-Octanone: 2-Octyl amine (capryl amine) (j) is a secondary amine having potential to be used in preparing phase transfer catalysts, pharmaceutical intermediates, blocking reagents and in epoxy resins, in preparation of hindered amines for water treatment as flocculants, organic acids e.g. Acetic acid scavenger leading to insolubilisation, etc. Reaction of 2-Octanone with Aniline or p-Phenylenediamine leads to hindered amines which are used as anti-ozonant additives for rubbers or as a light stabilisers. Alkylated phenols: 2-Octanol undergoes dehydration under acidic conditions to yield mixture of unsaturated aliphatic units, such 2-Octene, 1-Octene. The 1-Octene is used as co-monomer with ethylene for LLDPE synthesis, whereas, 2-Octene can be reacted with phenol ring to obtain ortho and para isomers of octyl phenol (q, r). These isomers of branched alkylated phenol serve as antioxidants and stabilisers for polymers, fuels, etc. These alkylated phenols can be subjected to ethoxylation and propoxylation to obtain non-ionic surfactants to be used as alternatives to nonyl phenol ethoxylates. The octyl phenol when reacted with aldehydes, gives phenolic resins. On copolymerising with other phenolic resins even in small proportions, it yields water resistant, soluble phenolic resins with improved electrical properties. Assorted usages of 2-Octanol/ 2-Octanone: There are several other products and applications available 40 • April 2018
based on 2-Octanol and 2-Octanone, such as uses in flavours and in fragrance molecules, either directly in blends/ formulations or for instance after reacting with Benzaldehyde, a fragrance popularly known as Jasmine is obtained. 2-Octanol, due to its low surface tension, is used as a defoamer in paper, oilfield, cement paints, mineral extraction and in coil coating formulation. In addition to being a chemical par t of adhesives as in form of acrylates, both products can be used as solvents in adhesive formulations. 2-Octanol is also used to extract rareear th elements, such as Tantalum, Niobium, etc. from their ores. Similarly, 2-Octanone has also demonstrated its ability as a high-boiling green solvent in coatings, inks, colorant applications. It gives, good levelling proper ties, due to reasonable evaporation rate and it also gives, anti-blushing proper ties for nitrocellulose lacquers. Moreover, unlike commonly used solvents which lead to crazing of plastics, 2-Octanol and 2-Octanone do not lead to such crazing and thus suitable for coatings used on plastics and in electrophoretic coatings. The 2-Octanol/ 2-Octanone on subsequent reactions, such as oxidation with nitric acid give Hexanoic (l) and Heptanoic acids (m), which are extensively used in fragrances and in flavours. These monobasic acids also serve as precursors to derive specialty fatty esters. In conclusion, 2-Octanol and 2-Octanone both being completely bio-based, renewable resource provide green, stable and sustainable alternatives in various applications.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
cations & Geography - Trends and Forecasts to 2018 – Report by MarketsAndMarkets Global Markets for Surfactant Chemicals and Materials, December 2017 – Report by Report Linker Wiesław Hreczuch, Karolina Dabrowska, Arkadiusz Chrusciel, Agata Sznajdrowska, Katarzyna Materna, J. Surfact. Deterg. 2016, 19, 155. James A. Kenar, Gerhard Knothe, Robert O. Dunn, Thomas W. Ryan, Andrew Matheaus, J.Am. Oil Chem. Soc, 2005, 82, 201. Marcelo Eiji Borges Sato, Sao Paulo., USP 2014/0350269 A1, dated 27 November 2014. Kenneth M. Doll, Sevim Z. Erhan, Green Chem., 2008, 10, 712.
Author Details
Dr Arvind S. More Senior Manager - Research and Development Jayant Agro-Organics Ltd
References
1.
2. 3.
http://www.essentialchemicalindustry. org/the-chemical-industry/the-chemicalindustryhtml http://www.ciel.org/issue/global-chemical-safety/ 2-Ethylhexanol Market (2-EH) by Appli-
Dr Subhash V. Udeshi Director (Technical) Jayant Agro-Organics Ltd Chemical Engineering World
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Case Study
Aliaxis Plastic Piping Systems Solution for the Process Industry: An Interesting Application in Copper Refining Aliaxis plastic piping systems represent an innovative solution to the chemical and process industry, offering a potential replacement to the traditional pipelines used in process piping like full metal piping, lined metal piping, fibre glass reinforced piping and dual laminate piping.
P
lastic pipework products are a perfect solution for a range of different applications.
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installation, a longer plant life, reducing first installation and maintenance costs. There are different thermoplastic materials suitable to the purpose depending on pressure/temperature performances and chemical resistance. The main ones are: • UPVC for light chemicals, with process temperatures up to 60oC • PP-H and CPVC for aggressive medias with process temperatures up to 100oC
• ABS for low temperature applications up to -40oC • PE-100 for mechanical and temperature performances in utility and process services • PVDF the best one in terms of general chemical resistance with a temperature range from -40°C up to 140oC. Below is the applicable ref. table for that. An interesting application of plastic piping is in Metal refining, specifically in copper. After rock extraction, the mineral has to be treated and purified to be ready for industrial processing. See below the main process. There are different steps involved depending on the processed mineral. They start from ore beneficiation including the comminution circuits with primary, secondary and tertiary crushing, grinding and subsequent concentration. Within the Hydrometallurgy processes we have the heap leaching, adsorption, elution, electrowinning and solvent Extraction. Several acids are used in the process such as H 2 SO 4 , HCl, NaOH, HNO 3 and for all of them plastic piping systems represent a long-term solution. The electro winning process involves applying an electrical potential between the liquor and the sheets where the copper is deposited. The liquor consists of an aggressive acid to dissolve the metal.
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In similar applications corrosion resistance and a cost effective solution for the conveyance of a high quantity of slurry fluids is required. Kv of the piping plays an important role as a lower time to fill and empty the tanks where extraction takes place means less production downtime and thus a more efficient process. Plastic piping itself is allowing increased flow coefficient with no scaling. This means reduced pressure drops and indeed a reduction in pump sizing. On top of this, Aliaxis is offering a complete piping system for the process with the best valves in terms of Kv for the application. 44 • April 2018
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With its new optimised body design and high flow coefficient, the DK diaphragm valve has a distinct edge: Its technical performance allows maximising plant efficiency with low friction losses, reducing the time needed to fill and empty production cells, while fast valve body replacement and the possibility to regulate the flow rate minimise downtime and make it easy for the operator to proceed to fine adjustments to leach volume. Piping systems from d20mm, ½” up to 14” in CPVC and d500mm in PP-H can be
used in the different plant sections which go from the main chemistry in acid dosing and recycling up to the main pipelines in chemical distribution and handling. Below are some pictures of a prestigious application in Russia with one of the main copper producer in the world. More than 1600 diaphragm valves have been used plus several km of pipelines. On top of the process piping systems, Aliaxis is offering dedicated solutions for industrial utility services with dedicated plastic piping systems for:
• • • • • •
Compressed air distribution Cooling systems Underground fire fighting Water and Waste water distribution systems Emergency / Back up diesel oil piping system A huge range of metal couplers to be used for repairing and joinging dissimilar materials
All in all plastic piping system, allows the end user to: • Minimize the system total cost of ownership, both in terms of Capex and Opex; • Achieve the highest safety level; • Maximize the efficiency of the whole system; • Use environmentally friendly components which has a smaller carbon footprint in their production. Author Details
Amedeo Macchiavello Global Segment Director – Chemical Industry Aliaxis E-mail: amacchiavello@aliaxis.com 46 • April 2018
Chemical Engineering World
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Ion Exchange India Launches System to Convert Raw Sewage to Purified Water
I
ndustry leaders in water and environment management, Ion Exchange (India) Limited, has launched and commissioned India’s first ANDICOS Waste to Energy system in Hyderabad, Telengana. ANDICOS is a joint initiative of Ion Exchange in collaboration with Belgium headquartered VITO and Europem.
generate approximately 20 KW/H of electrical power along with 1.35 tonnes of rich organic fertiliser per day.
The ANDICOS design integrates state-ofthe-art technologies like INDION IPC MBR and INDION Advanced Bio-methanation process. INDION IPC MBR treats raw sewage and produces purified water that can be reused. The sludge generated in the INDION IPC MBR process is then combined with organic kitchen waste generated in homes and communities in INDION Advanced Biomethanation process. Thus, the ANDICOS system recovers purified water, renewable energy and organic fertiliser from liquid and solid waste.
On launching the company’s first Waste to Energy plant in India, Mr. Rajesh Sharma, Chairman and Managing Director, Ion Exchange (India) Limited said, “For over 50 years, Ion Exchange has been innovating water and waste treatment solutions. We have been preferred and trusted partners to diverse sectors like Oil & Gas, Power, Automobile, Textile, Food Processing, Pharmaceuticals and many more. We have been researching and developing the ANDICOS system and technology for over two years. All our solutions and systems are based on the most advanced technologies available across the globe. This allows us to provide our clients with customised need based systems that are versatile and performance oriented.”
The ANDICOS Waste to Energy plant can be built modularly for centralised and decentralised uses and can also be customised for large municipal installations. The first ANDICOS Waste to Energy plant has been set up at Akshaya Patra in Hyderabad to treat waste water and organic waste from its new and fully automated kitchen. The ANDICOS Waste to Energy plant has a capacity to treat approximately 1000 kgs of organic kitchen waste and 2 - 6m3 of sewage sludge on a daily basis and will
Also present at the launch of the project, Mr. Ajay Popat, President, Ion Exchange (India) Limited said, “There is a strong need to consider and implement solutions that promote sustainability. Water shortage has been a major concern and this is only followed by the problem of untreated waste. The new ANDICOS plant is unique as it integrates technology to combine solid organic waste and waste water to generate power, water and fertiliser that can be used thereafter. Simultaneously, the plant also can be integrated to treat sewage making
it a complete and all round solution. We are certain that this new technology will add value and promote sustainable development across the country.” A pioneer of water treatment in India with a legacy spanning over five decades, Ion Exchange (India) Limited is recognised internationally as a premier company in water and environment management. Ion Exchange is among the largest environment solution providers, one of very few companies worldwide with a complete range of technologies, products and comprehensive 24/7 service support. This enables the company to offer total solutions for every sector of society – industries, homes and communities. With sales, production and service footprints across the globe, Ion Exchange serves its markets with a sustained focus on customer satisfaction, technological innovation and dedicated service. Their capability to deliver comprehensive solutions with complete technical support makes them a partner to depend on. Specialists in water and waste water treatment, Ion Exchange offers total water and environment management solutions for all sectors – infrastructure, industry, institutions, municipal, homes and communities, urban and rural. 360o environment management adds value across the entire circuit – from influent water through potable and industrial process water to effluent/sewage treatment and water recycle for zero discharge and waste to energy projects for solid waste management. Manufacturer of world class ion exchange resins for water and non-water speciality applications, membranes, water treatment chemicals and speciality process chemicals, in ISO 9001, 14001 and OHSAS 18001 certified facilities. Design and supply of water, process liquid, waste water treatment, water recycle plants – packaged, pre-engineered and custom-built, on turnkey, BOT and EPC basis.
48 • April 2018
Chemical Engineering World
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S
uraj Ltd, an ISO-9001, 14000, BS OHS 18001 Certified Company are one of the leading manufacturers and exporters of SS seamless pipes, tubes, "U" tubes, instrumentation tubes, flanges, fittings and electropolished finish in various sizes, specifications and grades, and also as per customer's requirements. Suraj has strong presence in the global market.
specification as per ASTM, ASME, EN, NFA, JIS Standard; size range from 6.0 to 323.9 mm OD; thickness 0.8 to 25 mm; pipe length up to 12 metre long; and tube length up to 30 metre long. Specialization - heat exchangers, heating elements, surface condensers, automotive digestors, instrumentation tubing and fluid piping.
Materials are all austenitic, ferritic, martensitic, duplex and super duplex SS;
It finds application in refinery, petrochemical, LP HP heaters, food,
pharma, fertilizer, oil and gas, breweries sugar and ship building. Suraj also holds various Certificates for quality in accordance with AD2000 MERKBLATT W0 and Pressure Equipment Directives (PED) 97/23/EC from TUV, NORD and supply their above products under all national and international third party inspection authorities. Suraj also have their own testing laboratories to undertake various tests such as hydro, eddy current, PMI, IGC, UT, RT, spectroanalysis, mechanical properties and many others as per customers’ specification and requirements.
For details contact : Suraj Ltd Suraj House, Opp: Usmanpura Garden Ashram Road, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380 014 Tel: 079-27540720, 27540721 Fax: 91-079-27540722 E-mail: suraj@surajgroup.com Chemical Engineering World
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ABB to Invest €100 Million in Global Innovation &Training Campus ABB makes largest organic investment in industrial automation at home of B&R in Austria One year after announcing its acquisition of B&R (Bernecker + Rainer Industrie-Elektronik GmbH), ABB is to invest €100 million in Austria to build a state-of-the-art innovation and training campus at the home of B&R in Eggelsberg, Upper Austria. It is the largest organic investment in industrial automation in ABB’s more than 130-year history and lays the foundation for around 1,000 new high-tech jobs in Austria.
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he new innovation and training campus will develop technologies for the factory of the future, based on ABB Ability TM, in which production will be undertaken autonomously by smart and cloudconnected machines and robots. With this investment, ABB is delivering on its Next Level strategy, which defines innovation as a key driver of profitable growth. The company invests $1.4 billion in R&D annually, and has a team of around 30,000 R&D and application engineers. B&R has more than 1,000 employees working in R&D and application development.
of disruptive technologies will enable ABB to better serve the highly attractive $20-billion machine and factory automation market segment. ABB acquired B&R, then the largest independent provider of product- and software-based open-architecture solutions for machine and factory automation worldwide, in July 2017. Today, B&R is integrated into ABB’s Industrial Automation division as its global
Machine & Factory Automation business unit. With the combined portfolios, ABB is today the only industrial automation provider offering customers the entire spectrum of technology and software solutions around measurement, control, actuation, robotics, electrification and digitalization. “B&R has had an excellent start within ABB and has exceeded our expectations. We are well on track to achieve our
The new research and development campus will cover 35,000 m² and be home to a significant number of state-ofthe-art facilities. Alongside ultra-modern R&D laboratories, which will develop and test new automation technologies, from industrial control systems up to machine learning and artificial intelligence, there will be an Automation Academy to train and educate customers, partners and employees in these technologies. The ground-breaking ceremony is planned for this summer, and the new campus is expected to be up and running in the course of 2020. Once complete, the Eggelsberg site will be one of ABB’s largest research and development centers. With the new campus, the world’s second-largest provider of industrial automation solutions will further expand its leadership position in machine and factory automation. The development 52 • April 2018
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Marketing Initiatives goal of revenues of more than $1 billion soon,” said ABB CEO Ulrich Spiesshofer, at a press conference in Linz with the Austrian Chancellor, Sebastian Kurz. “With our €100 million investment, we are strengthening this dynamic and the pillars of this success story: innovation and people. In addition to the new research and development capacity, our investment will expand B&R’s Automation Academy, offering customers, partners and employees globally unique education and training programs.” “With this clear commitment to the Eggelsberg location, ABB has established itself as the market leader in automation in Austria,” said Chancellor Sebastian Kurz. “True to its word, the company is now making an investment that is of tremendous importance to Austria as a business location of international standing. This is the starting signal for a
location offensive in the key segment of digital industry. It is an important impulse for the creation of highly qualified new jobs and the positioning of Austria as a high-tech location.” This will also be beneficial for the country`s educational landscape “Further strengthening our good relationships with Universities, universities of Applied Sciences and Higher Technical Education Institutes is part of our innovation and research strategy. This way we can further accelerate our speed of growth and innovation as well as extend our technology leadership,” said Hans Wimmer, Managing Director of B&R. “This is a great day for B&R,” said Josef Rainer, Co-founder of Bernecker & Rainer Industrie-Elektronik GmbH. “The smooth integration shows that the company Erwin Bernecker and I founded 39 years ago is in excellent hands. I am
delighted that ABB continues to write and accelerate our success story with this historic investment.” About B&R B&R is an innovative automation company with headquarters in Austria and offices all around the world. On July 6, 2017, B&R became a business unit of the ABB Group. As a global leader in industrial automation, B&R combines state-of-theart technology with advanced engineering to provide customers in virtually every industry with complete solutions for machine and factory automation, motion control, HMI and integrated safety technology. With Industrial IoT communication standards like OPC UA, POWERLINK and openSAFETY as well as the powerful Automation Studio software development environment, B&R is constantly redefining the future of automation engineering. The innovative spirit that keeps B&R at the forefront of industrial automation is driven by a commitment to simplifying processes and exceeding customer expectations.
For details contact: B&R Industrial Automation B&R Strasse 1 5142 Eggelsberg Austria Tel: +43 7748 6586-0 Email: press@br-automation.com Chemical Engineering World
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Secure & Seamless Communication with POWERLINK & OPC UA OPC Foundation publishes OPC UA specification for POWERLINK An OPC UA companion specification is now available for POWERLINK according to a joint announcement by the OPC Foundation and the Ethernet POWERLINK Standardization Group (EPSG). The companion specification describes how payload data is exchanged between POWERLINK and any OPC UA platform. The result is integrated communication from the sensor to the cloud – without any interfaces whatsoever.
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s technologies, OPC UA and POWERLINK complement each other perfectly, emphasized Thomas Burke, President of the OPC Foundation, in his announcement. “POWERLINK is among the leading real-time bus systems used in plants and machinery. Together with OPC UA, POWERLINK networks can now communicate seamlessly and securely with the IT environment and into the cloud.”
A single network “This specification allows OPC UA and POWERLINK to fuse into a single network,” added Stefan Schönegger, managing director of the EPSG. “We’re then able to join devices from different manufacturers and across different levels of the automation pyramid into a single, cohesive system.” A joint working group between the OPC Foundation and the EPSG had been
Thomas J. Burke (left), president of the OPC Foundation, and Stefan Schönegger, managing director of the EPSG, announced their collaboration on the now-published companion specification in 2015. 54 • April 2018
working on the specification since 2016. The document can be downloaded from the OPC Foundation website: https:// opcfoundation.org/markets-collaboration/ ethernet-powerlink-standardizationgroup-epsg/ About the EPSG The Ethernet POWERLINK Standardization Group (EPSG) is an independent organization founded in 2003 by leading companies from the fields of motion control and automation technology. Its aims are the standardization and further development of the POWERLINK protocol first introduced by B&R in 2001. This highperformance real-time communication system is an advanced protocol based on the IEEE 802.3 Ethernet standard designed to ensure real-time data transfer in the microsecond range. The EPSG cooperates with leading standardization organizations such as CAN in Automation (CiA), the OPC Foundation and the IEC.
For details contact : Ethernet POWERLINK Standardization Group (EPSG) POWERLINK OFFICE Bonsaiweg 6, 15370 Fredersdorf Germany Tel.: +49 . 33439 . 539 270 Fax: +49 . 33439 . 539 272 Email: info@ethernet-POWERLINK.org Chemical Engineering World
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Marketing Initiatives
Real-Time Communication in the Industrial IoT State-of-the-art communication architectures with OPC UA TSN At this year’s Hannover Messe (Hall 9, Booth D33), the Ethernet POWERLINK Standardization Group (EPSG) will demonstrate how interface-free communication can provide seamless connectivity from the sensor layer to the ERP layer and into the cloud. The foundation has already been laid with the companion specification for OPC UA and POWERLINK
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he EPSG will also be showing how the open and standardized protocols POWERLINK, openSAFETY and OPC UA TSN come together to create open architectures for real-time communication in the Industrial IoT. The TSN Ethernet extension makes OPC UA deterministic. In combination with the openSAFETY protocol, it now meets all the requirements for safe line automation at the factory level. OPC UA provides semantic descriptions of information models and security mechanisms that facilitate the convergence of IT and OT.
About the EPSG The Ethernet POWERLINK Standardization Group (EPSG) is an independent organization founded in 2003 by leading companies from the fields of motion control and automation technology. Its aims are the standardization and further development of the POWERLINK protocol first introduced by B&R in 2001. This high-performance real-time communication system is an advanced protocol based on the IEEE 802.3 Ethernet standard designed to ensure real-time data
transfer in the microsecond range. The EPSG cooperates with leading standardization organizations such as CAN in Automation (CiA), the OPC Foundation and the IEC. For details contact : Ethernet POWERLINK Standardization Group (EPSG) POWERLINK OFFICE Bonsaiweg 6, 15370 Fredersdorf Germany Tel.: +49 . 33439 . 539 270 Fax: +49 . 33439 . 539 272 Email: info@ethernet-POWERLINK.org
At Hannover Messe, the EPSG will show how POWERLINK and openSAFETY combine with OPC UA TSN to create open architectures for real-time Industrial IoT communication. Chemical Engineering World
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Manage Hardware Configurations with Ease New software component simplifies management of machine variants Modular applications can now be implemented even more easily. B&R’s new software component, mapp IO, makes it possible to add I/O modules at any time. This can happen before a machine is delivered or even at runtime, thereby greatly simplifying the task of managing variants of machinery and equipment.
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ith mapp IO, I/O configurations can be generated directly from an ERP or order management system. No engineering tools are required, even if thirdparty drives or modules are added. Additional variants and options are configured directly on the machine using mapp IO and then programmed using mapp CodeBox. With mapp CodeBox, you can program options in ladder logic without affecting the machine’s primary application. The machine can be commissioned without having to modify the original machine software. With the new software component mapp IO, B&R’s entire hardware portfolio can
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be added to machinery and equipment at runtime. About B&R B&R is an innovative automation company with headquarters in Austria and offices all around the world. On July 6, 2017, B&R became a business unit of the ABB Group. As a global leader in industrial automation, B&R combines state-of-the-art technology with advanced engineering to provide customers in virtually every industry with complete solutions for machine and factory automation, motion control, HMI and integrated safety technology. With
Industrial IoT communication standards like OPC UA, POWERLINK and openSAFETY as well as the powerful Automation Studio software development environment, B&R is constantly redefining the future of automation engineering. The innovative spirit that keeps B&R at the forefront of industri-al automation is driven by a commitment to simplifying processes and exceeding customer expectations. For details contact : B&R Industrial Automation B&R Strasse 1, 5142 Eggelsberg, Austriat Tel: +43 7748 6586-0 Email: press@br-automation.com
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Ultimate Corrosion Resistance: A4 Stainless Steel
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hen it comes to corrosion resistance, stainless steel is the first choice. This is why Elesa+Ganter has for many years offered standard parts in A2 grade and most recently also in the even more resistant A4 stainless steel grade.
Food Sector, Pharmaceutical and Medical Sector, Shipbuilding and Offshore Constructions are The Beneficiaries. Enhanced corrosion resistance has become an ever more important requirement in many different industries – with stainless steel gaining in importance because the material not only safeguards hygiene standards, but also ensures a long service life, low or no maintenance and therefore makes for safe investments. The Elesa+Ganter range of products has always featured many standard elements made of non-rusting steel. But stainless steel is not necessary the same as stainless steel: today‘s material compendiums list around 120 grades with different alloy proportions. While Elesa+Ganter has so far focused on the use of A2 grade, one of the market leaders in standard parts now
Product family stainless steel Chemical Engineering World
Standard parts in A4 stainless steel
offers selected products in the even more corrosion-resistant A4 variant specially intended for use in chloride-rich environment, for instance within reach of the sea. These include the matt shot-blasted handwheels GN 227.4, DIN 39 ball grips, drop-forged DIN 580 eyebolts and eye nuts DIN 582. The hinges GN 237, GN 128.2 and
GN 129.2 are now available in A4 stainless steel, and so are cabinet “U” handles (GN 425), star knobs (GN 5334.4), three-star handles (GN 5345.4), and one and twoarmed clamp nuts (GN 99.6 and GN 99.8) as well as slotted and split set collars (GN 706.2 and GN 707.2). It is mainly the chrome, nickel and molybdenum constituents which lend the A4 austenite steel its high resistance against chloride and acids. All this makes Elesa-Ganter‘s A4 standard parts the ideal choice not only for use in shipbuilding or in the offshore industry, but also for the food sector, for pharmaceutical and medical applications or for swimming pool construction with its chlorinated water or water rich in minerals. A wide field, in other words. One reason why Elesa+Ganter will gradually enlarge and expand its offer of standard parts in A4 stainless steel. For details contact : Elesa and Ganter India Pvt. Ltd. A-54, Sector-83 Noida-201305 (U.P.) INDIA Tel: +91-120-4726666 Fax: +91-120-4726600 Email: info@elesaganter-india.com April 2018 • 57
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Efficient micro-pastillation for high solubility chemicals
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he solidification of chemical products into a solid pastille form allows easy storage, handling, dosing and reprocessing, and for some, the smaller the pastille, the more efficient the process. The key advantage of pastilles as small as 1-2 mm diameter – known as micro-pastilles – is that they are easier to dissolve, remelt or mix, resulting in a product of high homogeneity. In some cases, this efficiency can enable lower dosing for material savings. Chemical applications The IPCO* Rotoform system is widely used across the chemical industries for products such as fatty alcohol blends, waxes,
resins, hot melts and plastic additives like UV stabilizers. Rotoform pastillation process With around 2,000 installations around the world, this is the most successful chemical granulation system of its kind. The Rotoform itself consists of a heated cylindrical stator, which is supplied with liquid product, and a perforated rotating shell that turns concentrically around the stator. Microdroplets of the product are deposited across the width of a continuously running stainless steel belt. Heat released during solidification is transferred via the steel belt to cooling water sprayed underneath, and the solidified pastilles are cleanly discharged at the end of the system.
Rotoform features Every aspect of the system is designed to ensure premium quality pastilles, low operating costs and maximum availability (approximately 8,500 hours per year). It is an environmentally-friendly process with low sound and low dust emissions, and a closed cooling water system means no possibility of cross contamination between water and end product. Technical challenges • Production of the outer shell is very difficult with up to 50, 000 holes in the rotary shell. • High precise gap adjustment between rotary shell and steel belt. The distance between belt and Rotoform is so small that the product, when it protrudes from the bores, is dragged along by the belt. • Sophisticated belt tracking system required, otherwise micro-droplets will be linked to each other. • IPCO, former Sandvik Process Systems, is now operating as an in-dependent business within FAM AB, part of the Wallenberg Group.
For details contact : IPCO* www.ipco.com 58 • April 2018
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CEW Products Oil-lubricated Rotary Vane Pumps
Air Lift Separator
Lubricated vacuum pumps are used when the intake flow may contain moisture or when a better final pressure is required. These pumps may run continuously within certain pressure ranges or connected to containers to be emptied, whose volume is sized approx for the pump flow rate. Long term use at atmospheric pressure is not recommended. Then the amount of vapour intake is considerable, they recommend using the WR versions. The main areas of use include: vacuum packaging, thermoforming machines, glass or marble working machines, medical equipment, food-grade pastas or clay extruders.
The V 70 is an air lift separator designed for the removal of paper, plastic and other light materials from compost, wood and other streams of heavy waste. The V 70 comes in a silent diesel and an electric model. It works through a system of a heavy duty fan, air hose and funnel. The tunnel is placed over the moving stream of waste (eg, conveyor belt), and filters lighter material such as paper. The machine is standalone, placed on a frame with forklift lifting points which makes it easy to move around. For details contact: Terra Select GmbH Rudolf-Diesel-StraBe 5 48336 Sassebverg Germany Tel: +49-2583 9197-0 Fax: +49 2582 9197-10
For details contact: DVP Vacuum Technology srl Via Rubizzanon 627 40018 S Pietro in Casale Bologna, Italy Tel: +39 051 18897101 Fax: +39 051 18897170 or Circle Readers’ Service Card 1
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Magnetic Impellers Open design with excellent cleaning hub and magnetic rotor are connected only by the impeller blades. The ceramic bearings are oversized in dia and height, product lubricated and consists of outer (silicone carbide) and inner (zirconium oxide) bearing. This results in exceptional stability, good emergency running properties and particle generation below detectable levels. Ease of maintenance – ceramic bearing parts can be replaced by users on site; no spare rotor needed. A large gap between the rotor and the contaminent shell maximises flow through the gap and minimises share stress. CFD-engineered mixing, fluid is drawn from above and pumped radially. Perfect for mixing solid powders into liquids; rapid break down of temperature and concentration gradients, ensures good heating and cooling. New and stronger magnetic materials enable us to reach a higher transferable torque for the same geometry of the drive and rotor. ZETA offers a wide range of drive sizes with operating torques from 30 Ncm to 300 Nm to suit every specific application. BMRT magnetic impellers ensure that the optimal formulation of the product is achieved throughout the whole volume. When the product is being transferred out of the vessel, the homogeneity of the mixed product is maintained reliably down to the last drop. The open design enables easy cleaning (CIP) and sterilisation (SIP). For details contact: ZETA Biopharma Zetaplatz 1, 8501 Lieboch/Graz Austria Tel: + 43 3136 90 100 E-mail: info@zeta.com or Circle Readers’ Service Card 3
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Products CEW Agitated Nutsche Filter & Filter-Dryers
Horizontal Single Stage Centrifugal Pumps
Chemiplants ANF and ANFDs are used for solid-liquid separations under pressure and or vacuum. The closed operation ensures a consistent product quality, simple validation and also a required operational safety. The advanced combination of agitation and hydraulics used in these filter/dryers make them versatile and user-friendly. The resulting wet cakes can be re-slurried and washed thoroughly with water or solvents unlike manual Nutsche filters and centrifuges. The discharge of cake is automatic. If the process demands filtration in a hot or chilled condition the same can be achieved. Finally drying operations can also be conducted within the same equipment. For details contact: Chemiplant Engg Unit No: 114, Guru Gobind Singh Indl Estate Nr Jay Coach, Western Express Highway Goregaon (E) Mumbai 600 063 Tel: 022-26855205, 42953520 E-mail: sales@chemiplantindia.com
The Lubi MXF pumps are non-self priming, horizontal, single-stage, centrifugal pumps. Motor and pump are close coupled in a convenient and compact design for quick installation in limited space. These pumps are available from 0.37 to 1.50 kW for single phase as well as three phase power supply. The pumps have axial suction port and radial discharge port. Pump casing and impellers are made of SS AISI 304. Motor shaft is made of carbon steel and pump shaft is made of SS. The pump is fitted with a maintenance-free, mechanical shaft seal. These pumps are suitable for liquids which are thin, clean, slightly aggressive, non-explosive, not containing solid particles or fibres. For details contact: Lubi Industries LLP Nr Kalyan Mills, Naroda Road Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380 025 Tel: 079-30610100 Fax: 91-079-30610300 E-mail: mktsales@lubipumps.com
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Solar Grid Inverter
Planetary Gearboxes
Mithraa GT inverter is a solar grid inverter. The product meets IEC Standards for performance and safety. Usage of the latest digital signal processing methods and highly efficient power electronic components ensures reliable, efficient, compact and uninterrupted operation. Grid-tie mode allows total harvesting of solar power and converts it into direct savings without need for battery. It makes solar more viable and gives better return on investment. It supports features such as anti-islanding, fanless operation conforming to IEC Standards for safety and grid connectivity. The solution has all the required protections for smooth and reliable operation. The solution also supports communication and monitoring features for monitoring the operations over Serial/Ethernet ports from local PC or remote.
For details contact: SUN Indl Automation & Solutions 95 Developed Electronic Indl Estate Perungudi, Chennai 600 096 Tel: 044-30788900 E-mail: enquiry@sias.in CircleReaders’ Readers’Service ServiceCard Card186 oror Circle
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The planetary gearboxes PE complete the whole range of this automation gearbox series consisting of highend planetary gearboxes, right angle gearboxes, hypoid gearboxes, cycloid gearboxes as well as various combinations thereoff. The right angle gearbox PEB rounds off this series with its pre-stage bevel gearbox. Smooth running is achieved through the use of Gleason Type spiral bevel gears in the pre-stage of the gearbox. For details contact: EGT Eppinger Getriebe Technologie GmbH Breitwiesenweg 2-8 73770 Denkendorf, Germany Tel: +49 711 934934-626 Fax: +49 711934934-627 E-mail: info-egt@eppinger-gears.com or Circle Circle Readers’ Readers’Service Service Card Card 197 or
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CEW Products Portable Analyser
Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis A small sample volume portable benchtop analyser designed specifically for the checking and quality control of gas mixtures in modified atmosphere packaging used in the food and pharma industries. The mini food pack enables single or dual measurements for per cent levels of O 2 and CO 2. Range of sampling accessories is available for taking measurement
from rigid or flexible pack. Rechargeable battery option enables complete portability for flexible operation. Non-depleting sensor technology maximizes availability and reducing maintenance and operating costs. For details contact: Spectris Technologies Pvt Ltd Plot No: A-168 MIDC Thane Belapur Road, Khairane Navi Mumbai 400 710 Tel: 022-39342700 E-mail: MEI_Sales@servomex.com or Circle Readers’ Service Card 8
Visualise and measure nanoparticle size and concentration. The Malvern NanoSight range of instruments utilises nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) to characterise nanoparticles from 10-2,000 nm in solution. Each particle is individually but simultaneously analysed by direct observation and measurement of diffusion events. This particle by particle methodology produces high resolution results for particle size distribution and concentration, while visual validation provides users with additional confidence in their data. Both particle size and concentration are measured, while a fluorescence mode provides differentiation of labelled or naturally fluorescing particles. For details contact: Aimil Ltd Naimex House A-8 Mohan Co-op Indl Estate Mathura Road New Delhi 110 044 Tel: 011-30810200 Fax: 91-011-26950011 E-mail: info@aimil.com or Circle Readers’ Service Card 9
Liquistation and Liquiport for Safe Sampling The stationary and portable samplers enable the automatic extraction, distribution and preservation of liquid samples. Regardless of whether they are used in wastewater treatment for the monitoring of water bodies or in drinking water, the sampling process complies with all international legislation. Failsafe temperature monitoring prevents corruption of the sample. Open communication standards make for easier integration into your process. One standardised menu for all devices be it in the sampler or in the Liquiline field device, prevents you from making operating errors. Thanks to modular hardware and flexible software, one can adapt the sample to all applications and sampling conditions with just a few hand movements. Simulataneous sampling and measurement of different parameters used for modern environmental monitoring. For details contact: Endress+Hauser (India) Pvt Ltd 7B, Godrej One, 7th Floor Pirojshanagar, Vikhroli (E) Mumbai 400 079 Tel: 022-30236100 Fax: 91-022-30236219 E-mail: info@in.endress.com or Circle Readers’ Service Card 10
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Products CEW Ultra-Trace PPT Oxygen Analyser
TDLS Trace Moisture Analyser
Verified by independent experts as measuring oxygen to the lowest PPT levels available, the Delt F Nanotrace analyser range from Servomex delivers the premium performance in ultra-trace oxygen measurement. Consisting of the DF-550E NanoTrace and DF560E NanoTrace II, the Nanotrace Series delivers exceptional O 2 measurements at trace and ultra-trace PPT levels.
A sophisticated process moisture analyser range which offers users the comprehensive solution for trace and ultra-trace moisture measurement, the DF-700 Series combines the latest tuneable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDL) technology, a robust measuring cell and a true baseline reference for highly accurate moisture measurement.
Features the defacto industry standard for the reliable measurement of oxygen in semiconductor manufacture; and fast response and quick upset recovery ensures ultimate performance. Options include flexible configurations and hand carry portable option. For details contact: Spectris Technologies Pvt Ltd Plot No: A-168 MIDC Thane-Belapur Road Khairane, Navi Mumbai 400 710 Tel: 022-39342700 E-mail: MEI_Sales@servomex.com
For details contact: Spectris Technologies Pvt Ltd Plot No: A-168 MIDC Thane-Belapur Road Khairane, Navi Mumbai 400 710 Tel: 022-39342700 E-mail: MEI_Sales@servomex.com or Circle Readers’ Service Card 11
Submersible Dewatering Pumps MBH dewatering pumpsets are portable pump units with pump below and motor above construction. The motor is submersible squirrel cage, induction type and dry type with Class F insulation and IP 68 enclosure fitted with ball bearings and mechanical seals. It is rated for 415 +/-10 per cent V, 3 phase, 50 +/15 per cent c/s AC supply. The pump motor unit of close coupled and jacketed construction design provide effective water cooling of the motor by liquid flowing around the motor casing up into the discharge main. For details contact: MBH Pumps (Gujarat) Pvt Ltd Plot No: 14, GIDC Naroda Indl Estate Ahmedabad Gujarat 382 330 Tel: 079-22823066, 22821018 E-mail: marketing@mbhpumps.com
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Counter Flow Plate Heat Exchanger Counter flow plate heat exchanger gives energy savings of up to 90 per cent and higher in cases of condensation. Machine finished real counter flow heat exchangers with channelled airflow guides made from seawater resistant aluminium to achieve higher efficiencies over the entire volumetric spectrum. The two air streams are conducted past each other along thin parallel aluminium plates according to the counter flow principle. Up to 90 per cent of the heat in the exhaust air is transferred to the ingoing air, without any smell or humidity being exchanged. It finds application in airconditioning units, controlled accommodation ventilation, warmth recovery in winter and cooling recovery in summer. For details contact: APPIDI Survey No: 123, Jeedimetla Village Qutbullapur Road Hyderabad, Telangana 500 055 E-mail: sales@appiditech.com / appiditech@yahoo.com
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Features exceptional sub-ppb moisture readings, which exceed current UHP moisture measurement requirements; Models DF-750 NanoTrace (base model), DF-745 (high sensitivity 2 ppb LDL), DF-745SG (specialty gas trace moisture analyser), DF-730 (moisture in HCl), DF-740 (moisture in ammonia), DF-760 dual oxygen and moisture measurement; and second harmonic detection technology for long life and robustness to particulates contamination .
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CEW Products Semi-automatic Spout Pouch Filling & Capping Machine The NIHIRA NP-2LM machine is for filling and capping premade pouches with corner or centre spout. This model is very economical and versatile and suitable where changeover of packing size and product is frequent. This model is available with servo filling and pneumatic filling. The main operations are: pouch loading, filling, cap placing, cap screwing and pouch discharge. These machines are suitable for a wide variety of liquid and viscous products such as food and beverage specially tomato ketchup, chilli sauce, detergents, cosmetics, chemical products, fruit juices, etc. For details contact: Nihira Food Engg LLP Plot No: 185, Sector No: 07, PCNTDA Bhosari, Pune Maharashtra 411 026 Tel: 020-66350099 E-mail: Santosh@nihira.in or Circle Readers’ Service Card 15
Spring Washer Khanwalkar Industries, an ISO 9001:2008 Certified company offers CARBON brand spring washer in carbon steel (EN-42B) and in stainless steel (SS-304 and SS-202) as well. These are manufactured on automatic machines in close tolerance and under strict quality control. Washers are manufactured from 2.5 to 50-mm ID sizes, in natural black and in electroplated coating (trivalent) with blue, golden and green finish. These washers conform to ISS, BSS, DIN, ASA and JIS Standards. Special and combi-sizes are also available. Spring washers are widely used in transmission towers erection, railways, automobiles and in other engineering application where locking action is required against rotation of the screw of bolted assemblies. For details contact: Khanwalkar Industries 36-C, Sector-B, Indl Area Sanwer Road, Indore Madhya Pradesh 452 015 Tel: 0731-4046226, 2721527 E-mail: khanwlakar08@gmail.com or Circle Readers’ Service Card 16
Self-priming Centrifugal Pumps Self-priming centrifugal pump has an excellent quick automatic priming action without foot valve. It automatically releases air during priming. Its dynamically balanced rotating parts ensure less vibration. This pump has better efficiency as per the international standard and available in bare, coupled, monoblock version. Pumps can be fitted with mechanical seal as per customer’s requirements. Also offered pump with trolley/trailer to move it from one place to another. It is applicable for transfer of clean or dirty neutral, acid or alkali liquids containing sand, mud or solids in suspension, clean or dirty low viscosity petroleum products or solvents, milk of lime, caustic soda and washing, cooling, smoke scrubbing and emergency duty. In waste treatment it pumps hot or corrosive wastewater containing sand, mud or solids in suspension, dosing neutralising liquids and pumping out settled sludge. In the construction industry it dewater excavation, canals or ponds, ground water dewatering with well point systems or drains, water supply from well or canals, hosing down concrete castings. For details contact: MBH Pumps (Gujarat) Pvt Ltd Plot No: 14, GIDC, Naroda Indl Estate Ahmedabad, Gujarat 382 330 Tel: 079-22823066, 22821018 Fax: 91-079-22821511 E-mail: mbhpumpsad1@sancharnet.in or Circle Readers’ Service Card 17 15 40
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Products CEW Laminated Tube Filling & Sealing Machine
Paddle Mixer Blender
Semi-automatic twelve station laminated tube filling and sealing machine is sturdy, compact, and easy to operate, consist of a rotating disc with interchangeable different types of tube holding sockets. Features SS plain hopper for 25 kg capacity and has volume track for setting fine volume adjustment and accuracy; interchangeable hot air blowing nozzles for different tube provided optional; batch coding provided in the sealing station. The machine is covered with SS-304Q steel and the contact parts if required can be provided in SS-316Q. Output for single head machine is 30-35 tube per minute/double head machine 60-70 tube per minute. For details contact: Pharma Chem Machineries 311/2484 Motilal Nagar No: 2 M G Road, Goregaon (W) Mumbai 400 080 Telefax: 022-28735321 E-mail: pharmach@gmail.com
The paddle mixer blender is used for uniformly, effectively optimum dry and wet mixing and blending application in the food, chemical, pharma, detergent and pesticide industries. It is available in 10 to 10,000 litre capacity. Inner and outer paddles have special mixing effect with axial and fluidization movement of materials to homogeneous mixing independent of large range of particle size, shape or density. It is able to mix in approx 60 seconds for dry application. Minimum heat generated and high particle movements. Fast, even liquid and ingredients addition and coating with spray system. For details contact: Prism Pharma Machinery Plot No: 3713, Phase IV, GIDC Vatva, Ahmedabad Gujarat 382 445 Tel: 079-29095204 Fax: 91-079-25841623 E-mail: mkt@prismpharmamachinery.com sales@prismpharmamachinery.com
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Single & Double Perforators
Sanitary O-rings & Gaskets Perforators are excellently suited for material feeding per front loader, as well as placing the machine over the conveyor belt charging the bale press.
The bottles are punctured and pressed flat. Bottle rolling no more on the belt considerably facilitates buffering and transport of the material. The conveyor belt is used more efficiently for a much faster feeding of the bale press.The perforator’s mobility allows flexible handling and fast installation wherever needed. Modified, the machine can also be used as glass braker. For details contact: BRT HARTNER GmbH Br Ibbenburen Lengericher Str 1, 49479 Ibbenburren Germany Tel: +49 5451 50773-0 Fax: +49 5451 50773-11 or Circle Readers’ Service Card 20
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Shree Gaurav offers moulded elastomer gaskets and O-rings in sanitary design for all applications in all sizes. The materials used meet the FDA Standards for non-toxicity and range from Neoprene, Nitrile, Silicone, EPDM and Viton to Teflon. Shree Gaurav Rubber Products also offer rubber gaskets for triclover clamps, DIN gaskets, SMS gaskets, Butterfly/Iris valve gaskets (sizes from 1” to 20” dia) shafter gaskets, etc. For details contact: Shree Gaurav Rubber Products 112-B Marudhar Indl Estate Opp: Old Syndicate Bank, Goddev Road Bhayandar (E), Dist: Thane Maharashtra 401 105 Telefax: 91-022-28197355 E-mail: gaurav_rubber@rediffmail.com or Circle Readers’ Service Card 21
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CEW Products Oil-lubricated Rotary Vane Compressors
Bale Breaker
This lubricated rotary compressor has been designed in compliance with Community Directive 94/9/CE (ATEX) concerning equipment and systems used in potentially explosive atmospheres. It is therefore suitable for the compression of air or other non-aggressive gases, as established by the Ex mark. Standard versions of the compressor do not include the electric motor, upon demand; the compressor can be fitted with an explosion-proof motor featuring an IEC connection flange, the Ex marking of which is compatible with that of the compressor. As established by the above mentioned directive, compressors FB.5 bear the following CE mark: Ex II2G ck IIB T4. The compressors FB.30 and FB.40 bear the following CE mark Ex II2G ckb IIB T3. Main areas of use include: transferring LPG or other gases.
The bale breaker serves the unraveling of press bales of PETbottles, waste paper, residual waste, plastic waste and similar materials, as well as the metered material transport downstream working processes. By adjusting the unravelling grade, an optimal subsequent sorting is guaranteed. The BB Series does not crush but loosen the material for a most effective material sorting. If required, a supplemented ripping device can be installed for an additional loosening process and opening of tied bundles and cartons.
For details contact: DVP Vacuum Technology srl Via Rubizzano n. 627 40018 S Pietro in Casale Bologna, Italy Tel: +39 051 18897101 Fax: +39 051 18897170
If the feeding of loose material per front loader and bales is required, the bale breaker is also available with a closed hopper with door at the rear side. For details contact: BRT HARTNER GmbH Br Ibbenburen, Lengericher Str 1 49479 Ibbenburen, Germany Tel: +49 5451 50773-0 Fax: +49 5451 50773-90
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Manual & Automated Cleaning Processes Consisting of four different combination options and used for cleaning heat exchangers, mycon GmbH’s JetMaster system works based on high speed and cavitation effects. The system can be used manually or fully automatically. An automated JetMaster requires only around 180 litres of water per hour and no additives for a cleaning width of around 700 mm. Depending on the level of soiling, fully-automated cleaning of an exchanger area of around 300 m² takes just six to ten operating hours. Thanks to automation, cleaning is available at any time and can be triggered at the touch of a button. The entire system is easy to adjust to any cleaning requirements using the integrated pneumatic and electric control unit. One control unit can serve multiple exchanger surfaces. mycon also supplies manual and automatic systems for cleaning tube bundle heat exchangers (TubeMaster system). The system can even polish the interior walls of the tubes, enabling significant energy savings and improved production processes. mycon provides also non-abrasive cleaning options for cleaning membrane walls. mycon’s PowerMaster system cleans all steel and metal surfaces gently and cost-effectively without roughening. Removable plate heat exchangers are cleaned with mycon’s PowerMaster system. For non-removable plate heat exchangers and inaccessible tube bundle heat exchangers, mycon offers flushing systems tailored to each individual case. The company also provides manual and automated solutions for these applications. mycon GmbH systems can also be observed under operating conditions. For details contact: mycon GmbH Lorenzstraße 29 76135 Karlsruhe, Germany Tel: +49 (521) 403090 Fax: +49 (521) 402482 E-mail: m.kueppershaus@mycon.info or Circle Readers’ Service Card 24
68 • April 2018
Chemical Engineering World
Products CEW Fluid Bed Processor/Dryer
EMC-compliant Development of Drive Electronics
The system is based on air suspension technology with GMP compliance. The SEBP is designed for drying, granulation or cooling of powders/granules/ pallets (capable of being fluidized) by means of top spray or bottom spray. Material is loaded in the product chamber and fluids are sprayed through air atomizing spray gun while fluidizing the material in the expansion chamber. A peristaltic pump is employed for precise delivery of coating fluids. The coated material is dried with dehumidified, heated and filtered air supplied from an inlet AHU having 10 micron and 5 micron pre-filters, de-humidification and heading system followed by 0.3 micron HEPA filters. For details contact: Sunsai Pharma Equipments Pvt Ltd Plot No: 1, Survey No: 77, Nr Laxmi Indl Estate Sativali Road, Vasai (E) Maharashtra 401 208 Tel: 0250-3200130 E-mail: sunsai.pharma@rediffmail.com sunsaipharma@gmail.com
NORD Drivesystems is equipped to fast-track in-house electronic drive developments to series-production readiness. NORD is able to examine the EMC behaviour of electronic drives on their own as well as in combination with a motor, including specific setups as requested by a customer. This enables checks of circuits and installations, which helps speed up subsequent inspections by accredited laboratories. The drive technology manufacturer also runs climate unit tests to ascertain resistance to cold, heat, moisture and temperature changes, and can perform temperature monitoring to ensure that products stay within their designated operating temperature range. For details contact: NORD Drivesystems Pvt Ltd 282/2, 283/2, Village Mann Tal: Mulshi, Adj Hinjewadi MIDC II Pune, Maharashtra 411 057 E-mail: marketing.in@nord.com pl.muthusekkar@nord.com
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Check Valves
Slim Line Ball Valves
Cipriani Harrison’s check valves are made from forged SS-304L and SS-316L, are highly polished and come standard with PTFE O-rings and gaskets. These non-return valves are self-draining in the vertical position. The newly designed ribbed stainless disc resists water hammer, minimizes the resistance to flow and serves as a guide to the valve plug. Available in sizes ½”-4” with sanitary clamp, Butt weld and I-line end connections as standard. Special springs are offered to allow for flexibility in design and use. Size 1” to 4” valves are 3A authorised.
Cipriani Harrison’s slim line ball valves are made from forged SS304L and SS-316L, are highly polished and come standard with TFM-PTFE seats and FDA EPDM O-rings. The 2 piece design provides a compact and economical solution while maintaining a full port design, as well as being fully drainable. Available in size 1-4” with sanitary clamp, Butt-weld or I-line end connections. They are available with or without purge ports and either manually or pneumatically controlled.
For details contact; Cipriani Harrison Valves Pvt Ltd Sub Plot No: 2, B/s Margin Impex Ltd Nr Phase IV, GIDC Estate V U Nager, Anand, Gujarat 388 121 Tel: 02692-235082, 234182 Fax: 91-02692-236385 E-mail: info@harrisonengineers.com or Circle Readers’ Service Card 27
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For details contact: Cipriani Harrison Valves Pvt Ltd Sub Plot No: 2, B/s Margin Impex Ltd Nr Phase IV, GIDC Estate V U Nager, Anand Gujarat 388 121 Tel: 02692-235082, 234182 Fax: 91-02692-236385 E-mail: info@harrisonengineers.com or Circle Readers’ Service Card 28
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CEW Products Air Header (Distribution Manifold)
Moisture Analysis
Excel Metal & Engg Industries offers wide range of instrumentation fitting and valves for use in diverse range of industries and are capable to provide their customers with best possible solutions to meet their various requirements. The production process followed is of higher standards with its modern production and quality assurance facilities where due attention is paid at every level with max resource utilization.
Even small amounts of humidity can change the attributes of sensitive materials.
Excel Metal & Engg Industries offers air header in SS, carbon steel, etc; in 1/8 to 2 in size;¼ 1/4” / 1/2” ports size; 6/8/10/12/16/20 way ports; end connection: BSP/NPT or as per request; outlet: ball valve, needle valve, plug, nipple, etc.
In just ten minutes, SmartCal monitors a moisture analyzer’s performance and assesses the proper functioning of both the heating element and internal balance mechanism. Periodic assurance can help prevent tedious rework, loss of expensive production batches, and even fees or fines.
For details contact: Excel Metal & Engg Industries 177/181 J T Bldg, 3rd Kumbharwada Lane, Mumbai 400 004 Tel: 022-23892476, 66394004 Fax: 91-022-23884109 E-mail: info@excelmetal.net / excelmetal@mtnl.net.in or Circle Readers’ Service Card 29
For substances such as foodstuffs, chemicals and plastics, moisture is a critical quality determinant. Making accuracy in this important test even more critical, moisture content levels are often set by regulatory standards to ensure consumers get what they pay for. Fortunately, as described in a new, free white paper from Mettler Toledo, ensuring a halogen moisture analyzer is generating accurate results has never been easier. A fast routine test ensures trusted moisture results explains the benefits of routine testing using SmartCal, a highly accurate yet easy-to-handle test substance.
For details contact: Mettler-Toledo India Pvt Ltd Amar Hill, Saki Vihar Road Powai, Mumbai 400 072 Tel: 022-42910111 Extn: 256/115 or Circle Readers’ Service Card 30
Case Packer Packing sensitive liquid food pouches is particularly challenging. Meypack is the specialist for individual end-packaging solutions and with the VP600 case packer it meets the current demands of the market. In a fully automatic process, the machine packs formats ranging in dimension from 70 x 50 x 80 mm up to 200 x 150 x 200 mm (W x L x H). A very small number of finely tuned format parts enable fast and reproducible format changeovers that can be carried out without any tools. A high degree of accessibility is made possible by the use of lowmaintenance linear bearings and guiding elements as well as self-cleaning vacuum valves. The product infeed of the VP 600 is carried out via a paddle chain with interchangeable belts that have product-specific pockets and paddles and are able to stack and erect products. With a fast changeover function, the belts can be exchanged immediately and then automatically adjusted for tension and positioning. The blank magazines, which can be adjusted in height, are easily loaded and can be equipped with saw-tooth belts for the tray transport. This prevents the creation of too much pressure at the blank pickup. The interchangeable format-dependent safety guards, also equipped with quick-change elements, provide additional magazine protection in addition to the certified SICK sensors (Safeguard Detectors). Meypack will also be completing a model of the VP 600 Series to efficiently pack miniature bottles (glass and PET) as well as small cans and jars. A future variation of the model with a larger machine footprint will process wrap-around cases, shoulder trays and trays with external lids. For details contact: Meypack Verpackungssystemtechnik GmbH Industriestr. 3 48301 Nottuln, Germany Tel: +49 2509 94240 Fax: +49 2509 948240 E-mail : julia.pauls@meypack.de or Circle Readers’ Service Card 15 13 31
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Products CEW High-speed Doors
Versatile Trace Gas Analyser Prime Plus external door engineered for any industrial application. It is fast, reliable and energy efficient during strong drafts. It has galvanised steel structure as standard, SS matt finish structure which integrates traction unit, rapid wirings and safety photocells.
Spring steel wind locks in curtain pocket, with side twin rollers, ensures silent door travel, higher wind loads and curtain stability. Integrated motorisation for heavy duty user 400 V three-phase, opening speed up to 2.0 m/s with inverter system. IP 65 electronic panel complete with open-close-emergency stop pushbutton unit and self-test function. It is resistant to wind load according to EN 12424 Class 3 / 4. Size is up to 10,000 mm x 7,000 mm (W x H). For details contact: Gandhi Automations Pvt Ltd Chawda Comml Centre Link Road, Malad (W), Mumbai 400 064 Tel: 022-66720200, 66720300 Fax: 91-022-66720201 E-mail: sales@geapl.co.in
Offering a unique, non-depleting plasma emission detector, the S E RVO P RO Chrome (K4000) analyser is one of the most versatile gas analysers for trace gas measurement available. Most applications will be satisfied by a single 4U rack analyser configuration, making the Chroma a compact cost-effective solution for continuous process control or quality monitoring. Features fully automated – tune to the application – system for unique simplicity of use (no need to be an analysis expert to use this GCI); stand-alone systems requires no third-party software or computer to operate amd plasma HC measurement system requires no FID for THC measurement. For details contact: Spectris Technologies Pvt Ltd Plot No: A-168 MIDC Thane-Belapur Road Khairane Navi Mumbai 400 710 Tel: 022-30342700 E-mail: MEI_Sales@servomex.com
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Continuous Monitoring of Nitrogen in Argon and Helium
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Coating Pan
Specifically designed for the continuous monitoring of nitrogen in argon or helium or both, the Ser vomex SERVOPRO Plasmas unique plasma emission detector provides an accurate, highly stable and reliable measurement ideal for the requirements of ASU plant operators.
Contact pan is available in standard cGMP and customised models with SS-304/316/316L contact parts. Extensively used for sugar and film coating of tablets, pallets and granules. It comprises of ellipsoidal shaped pan fabricated using SS plate, mounted on gearbox shaft, driven by an electric motor.
Features wide measurement range 0-1 ppm, 0-10 ppm, 0-100 ppm (higher on request); electronic flow control system for low flow consumption and reading stability; and patented sample humidity control system for ultimate reading stability.
The complete drive unit is enclosed in a sturdy unit. Heaters are interlocked with the blower motor, therefore unless the blower is on, the heater does not start. It has a modern PLC-operating system and available in Model 12”, 18”, 24”, 30”, 36”, 48”, 60” and 72 inch.
For details contact: Spectris Technologies Pvt Ltd Plot No: A-168 MIDC Thane-Belapur Road, Khairane Navi Mumbai 400 710 Tel: 022-30342700 E-mail: MEI_Sales@servomex.com
For details contact: IPEC Engg Pvt Ltd Plot No: 5175, GIDC, Ankleshwar Gujarat 393 002 Tel: 02646-221175 Telefax: 91-02646-225175 E-mail: md@ipecengg.com / marketing@ipecengg.com or Circle Readers’ Service Card 34
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CEW Products DM Plants
Rotary Vacuum Paddle Dryers
Hydropure DM plants are used in combination with UV and UF for generation of high purity water for pharma, biotechnology, semi-conductor, and food and beverage industries. The typical pre-treatment is filtration, and DM plant consists of a two bed system followed by a CATPOL or MB polisher. The plants are built using FRP housing and UPVC valves and piping system. The DM plants are designed for achieving highest treated water quality with lowest consumption of chemicals for regeneration. The DM plant based systems are custom-built for any capacity and come with option of fully automatic or manual plant operation. Resins for this are carefully selected to meet the application requirements. The post DM UF system are built using hollow fine fibre membrane of less than 10 KD MWCO for microbial and TOC rejection to achieve the treated water quality complying USFDA, MHRA, WHO, EU and other international pharmacopias and standards. The UF system is hot water sanitisable up to 85oC.
Chemiplants rotary vacuum paddle dryers are used to attain dry powders from wet cake or solutions. Mostly these dryers are operated under vacuum and are a batch operation. It consists of a fixed cylindrical shell with a central rotating agitator. The rotating shaft is hollow and heated with hot water/steam circulation through the same. Both the utility side and the vacuum side are provided with mechanical seals. A large heat transfer area is achieved due to the heated shaft and the heated paddles giving a max heat transfer co-efficient. The drive mechanism consists of a reduction gearbox with a chain sprocket system coupled to the drive motor. The entire assembly along with the dryer chamber is mounted on a skid which avoids foundation cost and reduces the maintenance cost. Materials of construction are usually SS AISI 316 and other special alloys namely C22, C276, etc, can be supplied on request.
For details contact: Hydropure Systems Pvt Ltd 412 Diamond Estate, Off WE Highway Dahisar (E), Mumbai 400 068 Tel: 022-28978725, 28979097 E-mail: info@hydropure.in or Circle Readers’ Service Card 36
For details contact: Chemiplant Engg Unit No: 114, Guru Gobind Singh Indl Estate Nr Jay Coach, Western Express Highway Goregaon (E), Mumbai 600 063 Tel: 022-26855205, 42953520 E-mail: sales@chemiplantindia.com or Circle Readers’ Service Card 37
Platinum-cured Silicone Hose Reinforced with Polyester Braiding and SS-316 Helical Wire Imavacfit is platinum cured silicone hose reinforced with SS-316L helical wire and polyester braiding having better flexibility with high pressure resistance. Imavacfit is having high burst pressure rating along with high vacuum resistance compared to Imavac. The product is suitable in pressurized fluid transfer application. Imavacfit conforms to US FDA 21 CFR 117.2600 Food Grade Standard, USP Class VI and ISO 10993-1. It is certified by ROHS and Animal Origin Certification (free of animal derived material), free of restricted heavy metals. It is free of Phthalate/Bisphenol/Volatile Plasticizer. It has USFDA DMF accreditation #26201. Complete validation package available upon request. Imavacfit has high burst pressure resistance compared to Imafit and Imavac. It is designed for high vacuum rating applications. It has anti-static properties to dissipate static electrical charge makes it suitable for highly volatile flammable fluid transfer. It imparts no taste and odour. It is lot traceable. Its temperature range is -80 OC to 180OC. It is available with SS-316 L Tri-Clover end. It is sterilizable by Autoclave, Ethylene Oxide Gas and Gamma Radiation. For details contact: Ami Polymer Pvt Ltd 319 Mahesh Indl Estate, Opp: Silver Park Mira-Bhayander Road, Mira Road (E) Thane, Maharashtra 401 104 Tel: 022-28555107, 28555631, 28555914 E-mail: mktg@amipolymer.com or Circle Readers’ Service Card 38
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Products CEW Vacuum Transfer System
Octagonal/Double Cone/V-shape Blender
Vacuum transfer system is available in standard cGMP and customised models with SS-304/316/316L contact parts. Capable of vacuum conveying of up to 2,700 kg/hr of material at distances up to 300 ft. It is ideal for long distance conveying and where product degradation is a concern. Assure dust-free operation since the product is conveyed under vacuum. Designed to meet sanitary standards and provides hygienic transfer of materials. VTS represent a more intelligent method of cleaning and removing materials from large tanks. Available in all ranges suiting client’s requirements. For details contact: IPEC Engg Pvt Ltd Plot No: 5175, GIDC, Ankleshwar Gujarat 393 002 Tel: 02646-221175 Telefax: 91-02646-225175 E-mail: md@ipecengg.com marketing@ipecengg.com
Blenders are used for mixing, lubricating and blending in pharma, nutraceutical, foods, chemicals, cosmetics, ceramics, pesticides, plastics and other allied industries. They are available in Model 2 to 5,000 litre working capacity with different shape of container. Octagonal/double cone/V-shape/bin shape product container is ideal dry mixer for lubrication of granules and homogenization mixing of multiple batches into single batch. Features closed loading and unloading, VFD, PLC controls, FLP and intensifier with VFD. For details contact: Prism Pharma Machinery Plot No: 37/13, Phase IV GIDC, Vatva, Ahmedabad Gujarat 382 445 Tel: 079-29095204 Fax: 91-079-25841623 E-mail: mkt@prismpharmamachinery.com slaes@prismpharmamachinery.com
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Rapid Mixer Granulator
Remote Viable Air Sampling The RMG is a rapid mixer and granulator with specially designed Z Type Impeller and high shear chopper blades for efficient dry mixing and wet granulation in an enclosed bowl with GMP compliance. Available in R&D Models 1, 2, 3, 5, 10 and 15 litres and Production Models 30, 60, 150, 250, 400, 600, 800, 1,200 and 1,600 litres.
For details contact: Sunsai Pharma Eqpt Pvt Ltd Plot No: 1, Survey No: 77 Nr Laxmi Indl Estate Sativali Road, Vasai (E), Thane Maharashtra 401 208 Tel: 0250-3200130 E-mail: sunsai.pharma@rediffmail.com sunsaipharma@gmail.com
Active microbial air sampling can be added as an integral part of facility monitoring solution, removing the need for using portable air samplers and providing secure logging of viable sampling program timing to support batch release. Continuous or interrupted active air sampling regimes are supported. The internal impeller fan speed is monitored and controlled to ensure the correct sample volume and d50 values are maintained. Active air samples are available with a variety of mounting and sample head options. For details contact: Shreedhar Instruments 16 Shreeji Krupa Society Opp: MGVCL Circle Office Next to GMERS Medical College Gotri Road, Vadodara, Gujarat 390 023 Telefax: 91-0265-2323041 E-mail: sales@shreedhargroup.com
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PackPlus Delhi
India Chem 2018
Dates: 25-28 July 2018 Venue: Pragati Maidan, New Delhi Event: PackPlus 2018 is emerging as a business platform for both visitors and exhibitors. It is a total packaging, processing and supply chain event providing solutions from package conversion, printing, primary and secondary packaging, automation, material handling and supply chain integrations. Key personnel from the top and middle management responsible for package development, procurement, production, IT system and quality control and from other industries will be visiting the exhibition to explore a galore of opportunities related to packaging converting, processing and supply chain industries.
Date: 4th – 6th October 2018 Venue: Bombay Exhibition Center, Mumbai Event: The largest event of Chemicals and Petrochemical Industry in India, in its 10th edition i.e. India Chem 2018 would be organized from 4-6 October 2018 jointly by the Department of Chemical and Petrochemicals, Government of India and FICCI. The Indian chemical industry is at the threshold of rapid growth with the Government of India providing an atmosphere of support and encouragement. India’s vibrant chemical and petrochemical industry plays a significant role in the economic development of our country. In terms of volume, the Indian chemical industry is the 6th largest in the world and the 3rd largest in Asia with the size worth USD 108.4 Billion.
For details contact: Print-Packaging.com Pvt Ltd F 101, Tower No: 7 International Infotech Park Vashi Railway Station, Vashi Navi Mumbai 400 7057
For details contact: Girish Ahuja Senior Assistant Director, FICCI Tel: 91 11 2335 9734 Email: Girish.ahuja@ficci.com
Asia Petrochemical Industry Conference (APIC) 2018 Date: 9 th – 10th May, 2018 Venue: Kuala Lumpur Convention Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Event: APIC 2018 is the prime networking place for Asia’s Petrochemical industry players. Gain strategic insights and bright ideas from well established players in the field that are well positioned to address the industry’s diverse needs and business requirements. Be a delegate to find out more. For details contact: Nadiyana
Tel: +603 - 2171 3578
Email: nadiyana@icep.com.my
7 th International Conference on Chemical and Process Engineering (ICCPE 2018) Date : 23rd - 25th May, 2018 Venue : Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand Event :The primary goal of the ICCPE 2018 is to promote research and developmental activities in Chemical and Process Engineering. Another goal is to promote scientific information interchange between researchers, developers, engineers, students, and practitioners working in Bangkok and abroad. The conference will be held every year to make it an ideal platform for people to share views and experiences in Chemical and Process Engineering and related areas. For details contact: Natureevents Tel: +1 (202) 626-2522 E-mail: c.paulsen@us.nature.com 74 • April 2018
Chemtech World Expo 2019 Date : February 20th - 23rd, 2019 Venue : Bombay Convention & Exhibition Centre,
Goregaon (East), Mumbai, India
Event : CHEMTECH World Expo 2019 will create a common platform to bring the entire ecosystem of the chemicals manufacturing and the allied services providing sectors for 27th time in India. The event is for equipment, services or developing processes for the Chemical and Process industries. The evolution and the growth of Indian chemical and related industries has been both reflected and catalyzed by CHEMTECH. The interactive Exhibition and Trade Fair pioneered by Chemtech has become the event that the chemical industry comes together. Concurrent events include EPC World Expo, Industry Automation & Control World Expo, Bio Pharma, Pumps Valves & Fittings World Expo; and international conferences on Refining & Petrochemicals and Specialty Chemicals. For details contact: Vaishali Pednekar Senior Executive – Conference Tel: +91-22-4037 3619 Email: vaishali_pednekar@jasubhai.com Chemical Engineering World
Project Update CEW New Contracts/Expansions/Revamps The following list is a brief insight into the latest new projects by various companies in India.
CHEMICALS Coal India is planning a ` 10,000-crore joint venture along with GAIL India, Rashtriya Chemicals & Fertilizers (RCF) and The Fertilizer Corpn of India Ltd (FCIL) to set up a urea and ammonium nitrate chemicals complex that will run on gasified coal. Coal India has appointed Projects and Development India (PDIL) to conduct a feasibility study on the project. The plan is to use around 6-million tonnes of coal from coalfields at Talcher in Odisha and manufacture about 3-lakh tonnes of urea annually and around 300-400 tonnes of ammonium nitrate per day. Ammonium nitrate is the principal ingredient for making explosives used as blasting material at coal mines. The country is facing a crunch in the supply of ammonium nitrate and explosive suppliers often jack up prices, resulting in higher input costs for the company. Songwon Industrial Co Ltd of South Korea has launched its new pilot plant in Panoli (Gujarat), thereby strengthening the organisation’s overall specialty chemicals development capability. Built on Songwon’s Indian site with all the necessary main unit operations, the new plant is equipped with the most up-to-date technologies and materials for producing a wide range of chemicals for a broad spectrum of applications - from one kilo up to several hundred kilo samples. To reinforce the organisation’s position in existing areas of business and enhance its ability to enter new areas, the new pilot plant will be supported by the Songwon’s strong local R&D team in Panoli, as well as its central technology innovation center located in Maeam, Korea. AkzoNobel a Dutch specialty chemicals company and Atul Ltd have agreed to jointly set up a manufacturing plant for monochloroacetic acid (MCA) at Atul’s facility in Gujarat. Each partner will hold a 50 per cent stake in the venture. The partnership will build on Atul's status as a leading global supplier of the herbicide 2,4-D (which uses MCA as a key raw material), and AkzoNobel’s leading global position in MCA market, with plants in the Netherlands, China, Japan and the US. The investment is subject to regulatory approvals and signing of final agreements. The partnership will use chlorine and hydrogen manufactured by Atul to produce the monochloroacetic acid, taking advantage of both Atul's existing infrastructure and the leading ecofriendly hydrogenation technology supplied by AkzoNobel. From an initial annual capacity of 32-kilotonnes (KT) at start-up, the plant has been designed for future expansion to 60-KT. The plant will produce enough MCA to meet the captive requirement of Atul; AkzoNobel will market the rest of it, primarily in India. Monochloroacetic acid is an essential building block in the chemical industry and is used in a wide variety of chemicals. For example, AkzoNobel customers use MCA to produce thickening agents for the food, oil, mining, personal care and detergent industries. The product is also used in agrochemicals, adhesives, pharmaceuticals, thermo-stabilizers, surfactants and cosmetics. Camlin Fine Sciences Ltd, which offers shelf-life solutions (anti-oxidants and intermediates), performance chemicals and aroma chemicals, has received environmental clearance from the State Level Environment Impact Assessment Authority of Gujarat for setting up a manufacturing Chemical Engineering World
facility for hydroquinone (HQ) and catechol and their down-stream products at Dahej SEZ. The Dahej plant will expand capacities and provide CFS with a base to manufacture hydroquinone and catechol in India. The plant will also help Camlin Fine Sciences to add capacity for manufacturing of vanillin, for which catechol is a key raw material. The company expects to commission the Dahej plant in FY18. The plant will have capacity to produce 9,000-metric tonne per annum (MTPA) and 6,000-MTPA of HQ and catechol, respectively. Currently, food grade anti-oxidants account for approximately 56 per cent of CFS revenues in FY16, performance chemicals (PC) contribute about 22 per cent, diphenols (HQ and catechol) constituting 18 per cent while aroma chemicals (vanillin) accounting for 3 per cent. SRF is planning to invest ` 3,500-crore over the next four years, 70 per cent of which would go into its fast-growing chemicals business, to cater to rising global demand. SRF, which exports 90 per cent of its chemicals and counts global biggies as its clients, has over the years steered its focus away from technical textiles to chemicals, where it has witnessed a rapid revenue growth and fat operating margin. LyondellBasell, one of the world's largest plastics, chemical and refining companies, on April 7, 2016 completed the previously announced acquisition of the polypropylene (PP) compounding assets of Zylog Plastalloys Pvt Ltd. The company entered into a definitive agreement to acquire Zylog’s PP compounding assets in November 2015. LyondellBasell has supplied the Indian market through imports and tolling arrangements since 2009. In October 2015, LyondellBasell acquired SJS Plastiblends Pvt Ltd’s PP compounding business which is located in Aurangabad, Maharashtra. With the acquisition of Zylog’s manufacturing operations in Sinnar, Maharashtra, and Chennai, Tamil Nadu, LyondellBasell is now the third largest producer of PP compounds in India with an annual capacity of 44,000-metric tonnes. In addition to the already existing product lines offered at these sites, LyondellBasell will produce its Hostacom glass fibre-reinforced, mineral filled and unfilled coloured grades as well as Hifax high impact thermoplastic olefins. These compounds are used to manufacture automotive parts, home appliances and other products. The manufacturing facilities in India are owned and operated by Basell Polyolefins India Pvt Ltd, a wholly-owned subsidiary of LyondellBasell. Bodal Chemicals of Ahmedabad has received environmental clearance (EC) from the Ministry of Environment, Forests & Climate Change for the expansion of dyes and dyes intermediates manufacturing facility located at Vadodara, Gujarat. The company is expanding its dyes and intermediates manufacturing capacity from 2,200-metric tonne per month (MTPM) to 6,000-MTPM, and set up a co-generation power plant (5-MW) in Gujarat. Bodal Chemicals, one of the leading manufacturers of dyes and dyes intermediates in the country, has the capacity to manufacture over 25 varieties of dye intermediates and around 150 variants in dyestuff which are mainly used as raw material in textile, leather, paper and other dye consuming industries. Out of the total production, the company exports about 40 per cent to more than 35 countries across the world. April 2018 • 75
CEW Project Update Perstorp a Swedish specialty chemicals firm is planning to set up a manufacturing facility for pentaerythritol (penta) in Maharashtra. To evaluate the opportunity to invest in a new world scale production plant for penta in India, the company has signed an MoU with Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation (MIDC). Pentaerythritol, a white crystalline polyhydric alcohol containing four primary hydroxyl groups, is used as building blocks in alkyd resins for coatings, radiation curing monomers, polyurethanes, rosin esters, synthetic lubricants and explosives. Perstorp currently manufactures producing penta in three different production plants in Germany, the US and Sweden. The related market for coatings in India is growing fast in the country. Building a world scale production plant will be yet another important part of Perstorp’s ambitious plan to strengthen the position in the Asian market. In July 2015, Perstorp acquired the penta business from Koei Chemical Co Ltd, a Japanese chemicals producer. IOL Chemicals & Pharmaceuticals Ltd (IOLCP), a producer of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), has increased the production capacity of ibuprofen to 6,200-tonnes per annum (TPA) at Barnala plant in Punjab. Expansion follows a de-bottlenecking project undertaken by the company at an estimated cost of ` 24-crores. IOL Chemicals already exports ibuprofen, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used as painkiller, to regulated and emerging markets, ie, Europe, Latin America, Middle East, etc. With the recent approval from US FDA, the company is expanding its ibuprofen business in the US as well. Being the only integrated ibuprofen player globally, IOL Chemicals aims to build and sustain the growth of its APIs business in coming years by exploring the higher value regulated markets. MINING Singareni Collieries Co Ltd (SCCL) the State-owned coal mining giant has initiated preparations to start Koyagudem Opencast Project-III (KOC-III) in Lingala Koyagudem coal belt of Godavari valley coal-field in Tekulapally Mandal soon. The extractable reserves in the KOC-III are estimated to be around 111.98-million tonnes as against the estimated geological reserves of 146.81-MT. The KOC-III project is expected to produce around 3.6-million tonnes per annum, SCCL sources said. In pursuit of its aggressive growth strategy, the SCCL has drawn up ambitious plans to open 31 coal mines including 20 OCPs and 11 underground mines in the next five years. It presently has 30 underground mines and 16 OCPs spread across the vast Godavari valley coalfield spanning Bhadradri-Kothagudem, Khammam, Karimnagar, Adilabad and a few other districts in the State. The company has set a coal production target of 66.06-million tonnes for the current fiscal. The company is aiming to set new benchmarks in coal production, dispatches and overburden removal besides enhancing the coal production capacity to around 900-lakh tonnes by 2020-2021. The SCCL has reportedly obtained the mandatory forest clearance from the Central government agencies concerned for the KOC-III. The project envisages use of 1,158-hectares of forest land and 448-hectares of non-forest land. The upcoming KOC-III, which is surrounded by the Koyagudem OCP-II, is expected to augment coal production in Yellandu area of the SCCL. The project is likely to be opened in the first week of July this year. GVMC has initiated a process to take up bio-mining of the accumulated waste renewing its efforts to re-mediate the solid waste dump-yard at Kapuluppada. To begin with bio-mining is proposed to be taken up in five acres of the dump-yard. GVMC has sought the involvement of private companies under corporate social responsibility (CSR) or by investing 76 • April 2018
money to salvage the dump yard to which garbage is being transported for nearly two decades and piled up there. About 60 of the 100 acres in the dump yard has been filled up, according to officials. The cost of bio-mining is roughly put at ` 400 a tonne going by the experience of other civic bodies. With the city generating about 1,000 tonnes of garbage the cost comes to a whopping ` 4 lakh a day. Spending ` 1 crore a month on fuel alone to transport the solid waste to the dumpyard, GVMC has recently come out with plans to set up organic waste converters at six Rythu Bazars and Poorna Market and asked bulk generators like hotels to go in for OWCs. Also separation of waste in 72 colonies of as many wards has also been taken up. The Solid Waste Management Rules 2016 lay down that local bodies should investigate and analyse all old open dump-sites and existing operational dumpsites for their potential of bio-mining and bio-remediation. The rules also specify that only non-usable, non-recyclable, no-biodegradable and non-reactive inert waste and pre-processing rejects and residues from waste-processing facilities should go to sanitary land-fill. In bio-mining, the waste is levelled first and recyclables removed from it. The waste is then sieved and material useful for compost is again separated from it. The remaining waste goes to the landfill. NTPC Ltd the State-owned power generator hopes its captive coal production will reach 100-million tonne (MT) as soon as its five coal blocks commence operations, aided by faster regulatory clearances and the part-privatization model of Mine Development and Operator (MDO). The success of the plan would determine fuel security of the operations of India's largest power producer. KIOCL will revive mining after a decade in Karnataka, after the State granted the company a lease of over 474 hectares at Devadaru hills in Ballari. Once approvals are given, it would invest ` 1,500-crore in a pellet plant and also a unit to enrich iron ore from the mines. After suspension of mining, KIOCL had shifted to operating 3.5-million tonne per annum pellet plant in Mangaluru. Last year, it produced 1.46-million tonnes, utilising half its capacity, as against almost nil production in the previous year. The company's blast furnace Unit having a capacity of 216,000 tonnes of pig iron is ready for operation for producing foundry grade pig iron adding towards its profitability in the coming financial year. Western Coalfields has received the environment clearance for its ` 263-crore expansion project in Nagpur district, Maharashtra. The proposal is to enhance the production capacity of the Gokul open cast mine to 1.875-million tonnes per annum (MTPA) from the existing 1-MTPA. The mine, located in 767.17 hectare, has a mineable reserve of 14.50-million tonnes. Among the conditions specified, the company has been asked to get 'Consent to Operate' certificate from the State Pollution Control Board for the existing production capacity of 1-MTPA and also the 'Consent to Establish' for the proposed capacity of 1.875-MTPA prior to enhancing the production capacity. With regard to transportation of coal, the company has been asked to carry out by covered trucks and take mitigative measures to control dust and other fugitive emissions all along the roads by providing sufficient numbers of water sprinklers. The company has been informed to adopt controlled blasting techniques to control ground vibration and flying rocks. It has also been told to implement a progressive afforestation plan covering an area of 376.04 hectare at the end of mining. Of the total quarry area of 231.73 hectare (on floor) and 291.21 hectare (on surface), the backfilled quarry area of 115.39 hectare should be reclaimed with plantation and there will be no void left at the end of the mining operations. The land after mining should be restored for agriculture purpose. Chemical Engineering World
Book Shelf CEW A Working Guide to Process Equipment, 4th Edition Authors: Norman P Lieberman and Elizabeth T Lieberman Price : USD 57.74 Pages : 624 pages (Hardcover) Publisher : McGraw-Hill Education About the Book: The latest methods for troubleshooting and maintaining process equipment Applicable to a broad range of technicians and industries and fully updated throughout, A Working Guide to Process Equipment, Fourth Edition, explains how to diagnose, troubleshoot, and correct problems with chemical and petroleum refining process equipment. Filled with examples and illustrations, this practical resource demonstrates how theory applies to solving real-world plant operation problems. Selected hand calculation methods are also provided.
Process Equipment Malfunctions: Techniques to Identify and Correct Plant Problems, 1st Edition Author : Norman P Lieberman Price : USD 92.00 Page : 560 pages (Hardcover) Publisher : McGraw-Hill Education About the Book: Process Equipment Malfunctions offers proven techniques for finding and fixing process plant problems and contains details on failure identification. Diagnostic tips, examples, and illustrations help to pinpoint and correct faults in chemical process and petroleum refining equipment. Complex math has been omitted. An essential resource for plant operators and process engineers, this book is based on the author’s long career in field troubleshooting process problems.
Chemical Process Equipment: Selection and Design, 3rd Edition Authors : James R Couper, W Roy Penney and James R Fair Price : USD 126.00 Pages : 864 pages (Hardcover) Publisher : Butterworth-Heinemann About the Book: Chemical Process Equipment is a resultoriented reference for engineers who specify, design, maintain or run chemical and process plants. This book delivers information on the selection, sizing and operation of process equipment in a format that enables quick and accurate decision making on standard process and equipment choices, saving time, improving productivity, and building understanding. Coverage emphasizes common real-world equipment design rather than experimental or esoteric and focuses on maximizing performance.
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Chemical and Process Plant Commissioning Handbook: A Practical Guide to Plant System and Equipment Installation and Commissioning, 1st Edition Author : Martin Killcross Price : USD 118.80 Pages : 312 pages (Hardcover) Publisher : Butterworth-Heinemann About the Book: The Chemical and Process Plant Commissioning Handbook, winner of the 2012 Basil Brennan Medal from the Institution of Chemical Engineers, is a guide to converting a newly constructed plant or equipment into a fully integrated and operational process unit. Good commissioning is based on a disciplined, systematic and proven methodology and approach that achieve results in the safest, most efficient, costeffective and timely manner. The book is supported by detailed, proven and effective commission templates, plus extensive commissioning scenarios that enable the reader to learn the context of good commissioning practice from an experienced commissioning manager. It focuses on the critical safety assessment and inspection regimes necessary to ensure that new plants are compliant with OSHA and environmental requirements. Martin Killcross has brought together the theory of textbooks and technical information obtained from sales literature, in order to provide engineers with what they need to know before initiating talks with vendors regarding equipment selection.
April 2018 • 77
CEW Ad Index Sr. No.
Client’s Name
Sr. No.
Client’s Name
Inside Cover I
13
Mettler Toledo India Pvt Ltd
27
Page No
Page No
1
Atomic Vacuum Company (Exports)
2
Busch Vacuum India Pvt Ltd
29
14
Mist Ressonance Engg Pvt Ltd
59
3
Chemlin Pumps & Valves Pvt Ltd
43
15
Paharpur Cooling Tower
23
4
Cole-Parmer India
15
16
Rasaii Flow Lines Pvt Ltd
31
5
Desmi India LLP
21
17
ResistoTech Industries Pvt Ltd
35
6
Fluoro Tech Engineering Works
39
18
Ross Process Equipment Pvt Ltd
11
7
Hi-Fab Engineers
41
19
Sulzer India Pvt Ltd
17
8
Hi-tech Applicator
3
20
Suraj Ltd
39
9
Horizon Polymer Engineering Pvt Ltd
6&7
21
Vacuum Drying Technology India LLP
19
10
HRS Process Systems Ltd
5
22
Vega India Level & Pressure Measurement Pvt Ltd
47
11
Jay Water Management Pvt Ltd
33
23
Chemtech World Expo 2019 Inside Cover II & Back Cover
12
KSB Pumps Ltd
9
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R.N.I. No. 11403/1966 Date of Publication: 29th of every month. Postal Registration No: MCS/095/2018-20 Posted at Patrika Channel Sorting Office, Mumbai 400001, on 30th of every month. Total Pages No.:80