CCAFS site atlas
Makueni / Wote Kenya CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS)
Site Atlas
P.Casier/CGIAR
Correct citation: Sijmons K., Kiplimo J., Förch W., Thornton P.K., Radeny, M. and Kinyangi, J. (2013). CCAFS Site Atlas – Makueni / Wote. CCAFS site atlas series. The CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS). Copenhagen, Denmark. Available online at: www.ccafs.cgiar.org Titles in this series aim to disseminate interim climate change, agriculture and food security research and practices and stimulate feedback from the scientific community. This document is published by the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) which is a strategic partnership between CGIAR and Future Earth. CCAFS is supported by the CGIAR Fund, the Danish International Development Agency (DANIDA), the Australian Government Overseas Aid Program (AusAid), Irish Aid, Environment Canada, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs for the Netherlands, the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC), Instituto de Investigação Científica Tropical (IICT), UK Aid, the Government of Russia, and the European Union (EU). The Program is carried out with technical support from the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) Contact: CCAFS Coordinating Unit - Faculty of Science, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 21, DK-1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark. Tel: +45 35331046; Email: ccafs@cgiar.org Creative Commons License
This Atlas is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution – NonCommercial–NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. Articles appearing in this publication may be freely quoted and reproduced provided the source is acknowledged. No use of this publication may be made for resale or other commercial purposes. ©2013 CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS). DISCLAIMER: This Atlas Series has been prepared as an output for Theme 4.2 under the CCAFS program and has not been peer reviewed. Any opinions stated herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the policies or opinions of CCAFS, donor agencies, or partners. The geographic designation employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of CCAFS concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. All images remain the sole property of their source and may not be used for any purpose without written permission of the source.
Contents Chapter 1: Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................................................................. iv Regional Map.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 1 Topographic Map ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 2 Satellite Map .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 3 Chapter 2: Climate and Climate Variability Annual Rainfall ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 4 Annual Temperature ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 5 Aridity Index ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 6 Chapter 3: Bio-Physical Characteristics Altitude............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 7 Landforms......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 8 Soil Type ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 9 Agro-Ecological Zones .................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 10 Landcover ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 11 Landuse .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 12 Length of Growing Period 2000 ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 13 Length of Growing Period 2030 ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 14
Crop Suitability ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 15 Livestock Production Systems ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 16 Livestock Density ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 17 Chapter 4: Socio-Economic Factors Livelihood Zones............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 18 Human Population Density ............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 19 Market Access ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 20 Poverty ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 21 Conservations Areas....................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 22 References and Data Sources........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 23
Introduction The CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) seeks to promote a food-secure world through the provision of science-based efforts that support sustainable agriculture and enhance livelihoods while adapting to climate change and conserving natural resources and environmental services. Climate change is an unprecedented threat to the food security of hundreds of millions of people who depend on small-scale agriculture for their livelihoods. Climate change affects agriculture and food security, and likewise, agriculture and natural resource management affect the climate system. CCAFS has initially focused on three regions; East Africa (EA), West Africa (WA) and South Asia (SA) to carry out its research. The 15 CCAFS sites in these areas represent areas that are becoming both drier and wetter, and are focal locations that will generate results that can be applied and adapted to other regions worldwide. In this year, 2013, CCAFS is expanding its portfolio to additional sites in Latin America and South-East Asia. These sites serve as the initial focus of CCAFS partnership-building and long-term research activities falling within the following CCAFS Research Themes; Adaptation to Progressive Climate Change, Adaptation through Managing Climate Risk, Pro-Poor Climate Change Mitigation and Integration for Decision Making. At all 15 CCAFS sites, baseline surveys have been conducted, including three levels of data collection and analysis at household, village and organizational levels (see: http://ccafs.cgiar.org/resources/baseline-surveys). More information on CCAFS work in all the three regions can be accessed at www.ccafs.cgiar.org To better understand the CCAFS sites’ characteristics, a list of geospatial indicators for climate variability, bio-physical characteristics and socio-economic variables have been mapped into site atlases. This Atlas was developed for the CCAFS site at Makueni / Wote in Kenya, in East Africa Region.
IV
CCAFS Sites: East Africa
10ºN
10ºS
10ºS
0º
50ºE
10ºN
40ºE
0º
30ºE
30ºE
40ºE
50ºE
Ethiopia: Borana (ET01) Kenya: Nyando (KE01) Kenya: Makueni (KE02) Uganda: Albertine Rift (UG01) Uganda: Kagera Basin (UG02) Tanzania: Usambara (TZ01) CCAFS Country Sites
Citation: GeoMapa (2013a)
1
Topography Makueni 37°30'E
Mbee Market Kasaini ( Nzaikoni ! ( !
Katelembu ( !
. !
( !
Katulani ! ( ( !
Kwa Kavoo
( !
Kakalia
( !
Wamunyu
( !
( ! ( !
Ithemboni
( !
( !
Masii
Machakos !( Kaani
Makaveti
( !
Katangi
( !
Kiusyani
Lema
Ikalaasa
( !
Kasunguni
( !
Syongila
( Kee ! ( !
( !
( !
( !
Salama
Iuani
( !
( !
( !
Kaumoni
( !
Musa Musikio
( !
( !
Kasikeu
( !
Kyambeke
( !
Ikanga
Nziu
( !
Ngosini East
Kalamba
( !
Mubuko
( !
( !
( ! ( !
Chomboni
Kwakavisi
Matha
( !
Sultan Hamad
( !
Wote
( !
Upete
Katangini
( !
Kathonzweni
2°S
( !
Kavisuni
( !
Nunguni ( ! Kalongo
!! ( (
( !
( !
Mulala Emali
Kibini
Poka
( !
( Keymundu !
( !
( !
Kisasi
Mwewe
Mwambani
Kalawa
Kithungo
Mukuyuni
Kitandi
Kilome ( Mukaa !
( !
Kathungi
( !
( !
Kinyunyini
Kima
( !
Mbumbuni
( !
( !
Nguluni
( !
Nguni
( ! ( !
( !
Lazoni
CCAFS Site KE02, Makueni / Wote, Kenya
Tiva
2°S
1°30'S
( !
38°E
Myondoni
( !
1°30'S
Kathiani
( !
Kalivu
Kikumini
Kiangini
Ikutha
( !
( !
( !
Kilawa
( !
( !
Coordinates of the CCAFS Baseline Sampling Frame
( !
( Simba !
Kailembwa
( !
Kiboko ( !
( !
Athi
Makindu Kambi ya Munyu ( !
( ! ( !
. !
Lengesim Town
Settlement
Road
Memerush
Wetland
Mbuinzau ( !
Kibwesi
37°30'E
River 0
7.5
( !
Scale 1:750,000 15
30
37.724E 37.724E 37.630E 37.630E
1.809S 1.900S 1.900S 1.809S
( !
Kalulini
( !
Masalani
Kevanda
( !
( !
Sampling frame size: 10km x 10km
38°E
45 Kilometers
1 cm = 7.5 km
Citation: GeoMapa (2013b)
2
Satellite Image Wote 37°40'0"E
( !
( !
2010 4- 122 m o fr ag ery n Eye im resolutio id p a d R n u o gr at 5m eline ld B as o h e s H ou HB S= Survey e as elin lag e B il V = y VB S Surve line l Base ationa iz n a Org OB S= Survey
Corner Baridi ( !
. !
( ! 1°50'0"S
1°50'0"S
Itunguni
Kithoni Kwa Mboo ( !
Soweto ( !
Sinai
Road
( !
( !
! ( Kikeneani
1°55'0"S
( ! ( !
CCAFS VBS/OBS village CCAFS HBS villages
1°55'0"S
Kathonzweni
! . ! (
Settlement
CCAFS Baseline Sampling Frame
37°40'0"E
0
1
2
Scale 1:100,000 4
6
8 Kilometers
Citation: RapidEye (2010)
3
Annual Rainfall 37°30'E
Kitandi
Nunguni ! ( Kalongo ( ! Kilome ( Mukaa ! Kyambeke ( ! ( ! Upete
Iuani ! (
Sultan Hamad
( !
Poka
Kathonzweni
K E N YA
Ikanga ! (
Lake
Ngosini East
Mubuko ( !
( !
Kwakavisi ( !
( Keymundu ! ( !
Kikumini
Kalivu Kiangini ! ( Kilawa
TA N Z A N I A
OCEAN
( !
International boundary
( Kailembwa !
Corresponds to the map on the left
! ( Kiboko
Athi
Kambi ya Munyu ( !
( Lengesim !
. !
Town
Settlement
Road
Memerush
37°30'E
River Wetland
! ( Mbuinzau
Kibwesi ! (
0
7.5
Scale 1:750,000 15
30
1 cm = 7.5 km
Wote CCAFS sampling frame
45 Kilometers
Rainfall (mm) ( !
( Kalulini !
38°E
Scale 1:12,500,000
( !
( Simba !
( Makindu !
INDIAN
( !
Ikutha
( !
( !
SOMALIA
Victoria
Matha ( !
Emali ! ( Kibini
( !
Nziu
Kalamba ( !
Mulala ( !
UGANDA
( !
Kavisuni ( !
Katangini ! (
Wote ! (
Chomboni
( !
Kaumoni ! (
Musikio
0°
( !
Mukuyuni ( !
( !
2°S
Kalawa ! (
Kithungo ( !
Musa ! (
< = 250
( !
Masalani
Kevanda ! (
250 - 750 750 - 1,250 1,250 - 1,750 > = 1,750
ta fall da l Rain Annua nt re of c ur s of olat io n interp d data, e observ tat ive en repres - 2 00 0 0 of 1 95
0
125
250
40°E 500 Kilometers
Mean Monthly Rainfall Wote MeanMakueni Monthly Rainfall Distribution 250 200 150 100 50 0
20
No. of Rainy Days
( Kee !
Kasikeu ( !
( !
Mwambani ( !
ETHIOPIA
15 10 5 Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec
( !
Mwewe ! (
! ( Kathungi
Syongila
Kinyunyini (! ! (
Kima ( !
( !
( Kisasi !
0°
( Nguluni !
! ( Salama
Nguni ( !
( !
( Kasunguni !
( !
Ikalaasa
SOUTH SUDAN
( !
Mbumbuni ! (
( Kakalia !
Ithemboni Lazoni
Kiusyani
Lema ! ( ( !
40°E
Tiva ( !
Rainfall (mm)
( !
! ( Katangi
! ( Wamunyu
1°30'S
Katulani ( !
Makaveti
( !
! Masii (
Katelembu Machakos ! ( Kaani ( ! . !
! ( Kwa Kavoo
38°E
Myondoni
2°S
1°30'S
Kathiani ! ( ( Mbee Market ! ( Kasaini ! ( Nzaikoni !
0
Distribution
Rainfall (mm)
No. of Rainy Days
Citation: Jones et al (2002)
Citation: Hijmans et al (2005)
4
Annual Temperature 37°30'E
Kiangini ! (
Ikutha Kilawa
( !
( !
International boundary
( Kailembwa !
Corresponds to the map on the left
( Simba !
! ( Kiboko
Athi
( Makindu !
Kambi ya Munyu ( !
( ! ( Lengesim !
. !
Town
Settlement
Road
Memerush
37°30'E
River Wetland
0
7.5
Scale 1:750,000 15
30
1 cm = 7.5 km
Wote CCAFS sampling frame
( Kalulini !
( ! Mbuinzau
Kibwesi ! (
45 Kilometers
Temperature (ºC) ( !
38°E
( !
Masalani
Kevanda ! (
< = 15 15 - 20 20 - 25 25 - 30 > = 30
re peratu l Tem Annua nts annual f e repres t ure data o s n ra tempe interpolatio t curren ved data, er of o bs d for ge avera - 200 0 195 0
40°E
Scale 1:12,500,000
( !
0
125
250
500 Kilometers
Makueni Mean MonthlyTemperature Wote Mean Monthly Temperature Distribution 40 30
Temp. Max
20
Temp. Min
10 0
Distribution
Temp. Mean Dec
Poka
Kikumini
OCEAN
( !
Oct
( !
Kalivu
INDIAN
Nov
( Keymundu !
TA N Z A N I A
Sept
Kibini
Kwakavisi ( !
Matha ( !
Emali ! (
Mubuko ( !
( !
July
Mulala ( !
Kathonzweni
Aug
( !
Lake
Ngosini East
Victoria
Kalamba ( !
Chomboni
( !
Nziu
June
Sultan Hamad
( !
0°
Wote ! (
SOMALIA
K E N YA
Ikanga ! (
Katangini ! (
Apr
Nunguni ! ( Kalongo ( ! Kilome ( Mukaa ! Kyambeke ( ! ( ! Upete
Kaumoni ! (
UGANDA
( !
Kavisuni ( !
May
Kitandi
Iuani ! (
Musikio
Mar
( !
Mukuyuni ( !
( !
2°S
Kalawa ! (
Kithungo ( !
Musa ! (
Jan
( Kee !
Kasikeu ( !
( !
Mwambani ( !
ETHIOPIA
Feb
( !
Mwewe ! (
! ( Kathungi
Syongila
Kinyunyini (! ! (
Kima ( !
( !
( Kisasi !
0°
( Nguluni !
! ( Salama
Nguni ( !
( !
( Kasunguni !
( !
Ikalaasa
SOUTH SUDAN
( !
Mbumbuni ! (
( Kakalia !
Ithemboni Lazoni
Kiusyani
Lema ! ( ( !
40°E
Tiva ( !
Temp. (deg. Cel)
( !
! ( Katangi
! ( Wamunyu
1°30'S
Katulani ( !
Makaveti
( !
! Masii (
Katelembu Machakos ! ( Kaani ( ! . !
! ( Kwa Kavoo
38°E
Myondoni
2°S
1°30'S
Kathiani ! ( ( Mbee Market ! ( Kasaini ! ( Nzaikoni !
Citation: Jones et al (2002)
Citation: Hijmans et al (2005)
5
Aridity Index 37°30'E
( !
( Kee ! ( !
Mukuyuni ( !
Kitandi
Nunguni ! ( Kalongo ( ! Kilome ( Mukaa ! Kyambeke ( ! ( ! Upete
Kasikeu ( !
2°S
( !
Sultan Hamad
Iuani ! (
( !
Kibini
Poka
( !
Nziu
Kathonzweni
Musikio
UGANDA
( !
Kavisuni ( !
( Keymundu !
Lake
Ngosini East
Mubuko ( !
( !
Kikumini
Kalivu Kiangini ! ( Kilawa
TA N Z A N I A
OCEAN
( !
( !
International boundary
( Kailembwa !
Corresponds to the map on the left
( Simba !
! ( Kiboko
Athi
( Makindu !
Kambi ya Munyu ( !
( Lengesim !
. !
Town
Settlement
Road
Memerush
Kibwesi ! (
37°30'E
River Wetland
( ! Mbuinzau
0
7.5
Scale 1:750,000 15
30
38°E
Aridity Index
( !
( Kalulini !
INDIAN
( !
Ikutha
( !
( !
SOMALIA
K E N YA
Ikanga ! (
Kwakavisi ( !
Matha ( !
( !
ETHIOPIA
Victoria
Kalamba ( !
Mulala ( !
Musa ! (
Katangini ! (
Wote ! (
Chomboni
( !
Kaumoni ! (
Emali ! ( ( !
Mwambani ( !
Kalawa ! (
Kithungo ( !
Mwewe ! (
! ( Kathungi
Syongila
Kinyunyini (! ! (
Kima ( !
( !
( Kisasi !
0°
( Nguluni !
! ( Salama
Nguni ( !
( !
( Kasunguni !
( !
Ikalaasa
SOUTH SUDAN
( !
Mbumbuni ! (
( Kakalia !
Ithemboni Lazoni
Kiusyani
Lema ! ( ( !
40°E
Tiva ( !
0°
( !
! ( Katangi
! ( Wamunyu
1°30'S
Katulani ( !
Makaveti
( !
! Masii (
Katelembu Machakos ! ( Kaani ( ! . !
! ( Kwa Kavoo
38°E
Myondoni
2°S
1°30'S
Kathiani ! ( ( Mbee Market ! ( Kasaini ! ( Nzaikoni !
( !
Masalani
Kevanda ! (
Hyper Arid Arid Semi Arid Dry sub-humid
0
Scale 1:12,500,000
125
250
40°E 500 Kilometers
es indicat Index Aridity of dryness , tion el the lev apotranspira v e en taking unt, at a giv fall o c in c a a r into k n ow n f o n locatio
Humid
45 Kilometers
1 cm = 7.5 km
Wote CCAFS sampling frame
Citation: Trabucco et al (2009)
6
Altitude 37°30'E
( !
( Kee ! ( !
Mukuyuni ( !
Kitandi
Nunguni ! ( Kalongo ( ! Kilome ( Mukaa ! Kyambeke ( ! ( ! Upete
Kasikeu ( !
2°S
( !
Sultan Hamad
Iuani ! (
( !
Kibini
Poka
( !
Nziu
Kathonzweni
Musikio
UGANDA
( !
Kavisuni ( !
( Keymundu !
Lake
Ngosini East
Mubuko ( !
( !
Kikumini
Kalivu Kiangini ! ( Kilawa
TA N Z A N I A
OCEAN
( !
( !
International boundary
( Kailembwa !
Corresponds to the map on the left
( Simba !
! ( Kiboko
Athi
( Makindu !
Kambi ya Munyu ( !
( Lengesim !
. !
Town
Settlement
Road
Memerush
Kibwesi ! (
37°30'E
River Wetland
! ( Mbuinzau
0
7.5
Scale 1:750,000 15
30
38°E
Altitude (m)
( !
( Kalulini !
INDIAN
( !
Ikutha
( !
( !
SOMALIA
K E N YA
Ikanga ! (
Kwakavisi ( !
Matha ( !
( !
ETHIOPIA
Victoria
Kalamba ( !
Mulala ( !
Musa ! (
Katangini ! (
Wote ! (
Chomboni
( !
Kaumoni ! (
Emali ! ( ( !
Mwambani ( !
Kalawa ! (
Kithungo ( !
Mwewe ! (
! ( Kathungi
Syongila
Kinyunyini (! ! (
Kima ( !
( !
( Kisasi !
0°
( Nguluni !
! ( Salama
Nguni ( !
( !
( Kasunguni !
( !
Ikalaasa
SOUTH SUDAN
( !
Mbumbuni ! (
( Kakalia !
Ithemboni Lazoni
Kiusyani
Lema ! ( ( !
40°E
Tiva ( !
0°
( !
! ( Katangi
! ( Wamunyu
1°30'S
Katulani ( !
Makaveti
( !
! Masii (
Katelembu Machakos ! ( Kaani ( ! . !
! ( Kwa Kavoo
38°E
Myondoni
2°S
1°30'S
Kathiani ! ( ( Mbee Market ! ( Kasaini ! ( Nzaikoni !
> = 2,500
( !
Masalani
Kevanda ! (
2,000 - 2,500 1,500 - 2,000
0
Scale 1:12,500,000
125
250
40°E 500 Kilometers
tes the ind ica e d level u it Alt ve sea o b a t heig h s er in met
1,000 - 1,500 500 - 1,000 < = 500
45 Kilometers
1 cm = 7.5 km
Wote CCAFS sampling frame
Citation: Jarvis et al (2008)
7
Soil Type 37°30'E
( !
( Kee ! ( !
Mukuyuni ( !
Kitandi
Nunguni ! ( Kalongo ( ! Kilome ( Mukaa ! Kyambeke ( ! ( ! Upete
Kasikeu ( !
2°S
( !
Sultan Hamad
Iuani ! (
( !
Kibini
Poka
( !
Nziu
Kathonzweni
Musikio
UGANDA
( !
Kavisuni ( !
( Keymundu !
Lake
Ngosini East
Mubuko ( !
( !
Kikumini
Kalivu Kiangini ! ( Kilawa
TA N Z A N I A
OCEAN
( !
( !
International boundary
( Kailembwa !
Corresponds to the map on the left
( Simba !
! ( Kiboko
Athi
( Makindu !
Kambi ya Munyu ( !
( Lengesim !
. !
Town
Settlement
Road
Memerush
River Wetland
Kibwesi ! (
37°30'E
0
7.5
Scale 1:750,000 15
30
38°E
0
Scale 1:12,500,000
125
Soil Type * Acrisols
( !
( Kalulini !
( ! Mbuinzau
INDIAN
( !
Ikutha
( !
( !
SOMALIA
K E N YA
Ikanga ! (
Kwakavisi ( !
Matha ( !
( !
ETHIOPIA
Victoria
Kalamba ( !
Mulala ( !
Musa ! (
Katangini ! (
Wote ! (
Chomboni
( !
Kaumoni ! (
Emali ! ( ( !
Mwambani ( !
Kalawa ! (
Kithungo ( !
Mwewe ! (
! ( Kathungi
Syongila
Kinyunyini (! ! (
Kima ( !
( !
( Kisasi !
0°
( Nguluni !
! ( Salama
Nguni ( !
( !
( Kasunguni !
( !
Ikalaasa
SOUTH SUDAN
( !
Mbumbuni ! (
( Kakalia !
Ithemboni Lazoni
Kiusyani
Lema ! ( ( !
40°E
Tiva ( !
0°
( !
! ( Katangi
! ( Wamunyu
1°30'S
Katulani ( !
Makaveti
( !
! Masii (
Katelembu Machakos ! ( Kaani ( ! . !
! ( Kwa Kavoo
38°E
Myondoni
2°S
1°30'S
Kathiani ! ( ( Mbee Market ! ( Kasaini ! ( Nzaikoni !
( !
Masalani
Kevanda ! (
Lixisols
Andosols
Luvisols
Arenosols
Nitisols
Cambisols
Regosols
Ferralsols
Solonchaks
Fluvisols Leptosols
Solonetz Vertisols * Legend corresponds to left map
45 Kilometers
250
40°E 500 Kilometers
il the s o fers to O e r e p Soil Ty t he FA ups as per ro group tion. Soil g arent p ica class if ed b y th eir enet ic fin og e h d p r e o r a m ms of ial and mater ristics in t er nd e a t c s ch ara pertie ral p ro s ilt and u t c u r t s d, ll e (san textur tent), as w e n o r e t t clay c a an ic m as org t. n e t con
1 cm = 7.5 km
Wote CCAFS sampling frame
Citation: FAO et al (2009)
9
Agro-Ecological Zones 37°30'E
( !
( Kee ! ( !
Mukuyuni ( !
Kitandi
Nunguni ! ( Kalongo ( ! Kilome ( Mukaa ! Kyambeke ( ! ( ! Upete
Kasikeu ( !
2°S
( !
Sultan Hamad
Iuani ! (
( !
Kibini
Poka
( !
Nziu
Kathonzweni
Musikio
UGANDA
( !
Kavisuni ( !
( Keymundu !
Lake
Ngosini East
Mubuko ( !
( !
Kikumini
Kalivu Kiangini ! ( Kilawa
TA N Z A N I A
INDIAN OCEAN
( !
Ikutha
( !
( !
( !
International boundary
( Kailembwa !
Corresponds to the map on the left
( Simba !
0
Scale 1:12,500,000
125
! ( Kiboko
Athi
( Makindu !
Kambi ya Munyu ( !
( ! ( Lengesim !
. !
Town
Settlement
Road
Memerush
Wetland
Kibwesi ! (
0
7.5
Scale 1:750,000 15
30
1 cm = 7.5 km
Wote CCAFS sampling frame
Agro-Ecological Zones *
( !
( Kalulini !
( ! Mbuinzau
37°30'E
River
SOMALIA
K E N YA
Ikanga ! (
Kwakavisi ( !
Matha ( !
( !
ETHIOPIA
Victoria
Kalamba ( !
Mulala ( !
Musa ! (
Katangini ! (
Wote ! (
Chomboni
( !
Kaumoni ! (
Emali ! ( ( !
Mwambani ( !
Kalawa ! (
Kithungo ( !
Mwewe ! (
! ( Kathungi
Syongila
Kinyunyini (! ! (
Kima ( !
( !
( Kisasi !
0°
( Nguluni !
! ( Salama
Nguni ( !
( !
( Kasunguni !
( !
Ikalaasa
SOUTH SUDAN
( !
Mbumbuni ! (
( Kakalia !
Ithemboni Lazoni
Kiusyani
Lema ! ( ( !
40°E
Tiva ( !
0°
( !
! ( Katangi
! ( Wamunyu
1°30'S
Katulani ( !
Makaveti
( !
! Masii (
Katelembu Machakos ! ( Kaani ( ! . !
! ( Kwa Kavoo
38°E
Myondoni
2°S
1°30'S
Kathiani ! ( ( Mbee Market ! ( Kasaini ! ( Nzaikoni !
( !
Northern Guinea Savanna
Masalani
High Altitude Northern Guinea Savanna High Altitude Southern Guinea Sananna
Kevanda ! (
High Altitude Semi-Arid Mid Altitude Northern Guinea Savanna
38°E
Mid Altitude Southern Guinea Savanna
250
40°E 500 Kilometers
s l Zone logica ion of o c E o Ag r divis e te the indica as that hav e r ics a t land , acteris r char d suitability a il im s n la d to al relate l ag ricultur tia n e t o p nd ction a l imp act. prod u ta n e m n enviro
Mid Altitude Semi-Arid 45 Kilometers
Semi-arid/Sudan Savanna * Legend corresponds to left map
10 Citation:
FAO (2008)
Landcover 37°30'E
( !
( Kee ! ( !
Mukuyuni ( !
Kitandi
Nunguni ! ( Kalongo ( ! Kilome ( Mukaa ! Kyambeke ( ! ( ! Upete
Kasikeu ( !
2°S
( !
Sultan Hamad
Iuani ! (
( !
Kibini
Poka
( !
Nziu
Kathonzweni
Musikio
UGANDA
( !
Kavisuni ( !
( Keymundu !
Lake
Ngosini East
Mubuko ( !
( !
Kikumini
Kalivu Kiangini ! ( Kilawa
TA N Z A N I A
OCEAN
( !
( !
International boundary
( Kailembwa !
Corresponds to the map on the left
( Simba !
! ( Kiboko
Athi
( Makindu !
Kambi ya Munyu ( !
( Lengesim !
. !
Town
Settlement
Road
Memerush
37°30'E
River Wetland
Kibwesi ! (
0
7.5
Scale 1:750,000 15
30
1 cm = 7.5 km
Wote CCAFS sampling frame
45 Kilometers
38°E
0
Scale 1:12,500,000
125
250
40°E 500 Kilometers
Landcover Rainfed croplands
( !
( Kalulini !
( ! Mbuinzau
INDIAN
( !
Ikutha
( !
( !
SOMALIA
K E N YA
Ikanga ! (
Kwakavisi ( !
Matha ( !
( !
ETHIOPIA
Victoria
Kalamba ( !
Mulala ( !
Musa ! (
Katangini ! (
Wote ! (
Chomboni
( !
Kaumoni ! (
Emali ! ( ( !
Mwambani ( !
Kalawa ! (
Kithungo ( !
Mwewe ! (
! ( Kathungi
Syongila
Kinyunyini (! ! (
Kima ( !
( !
( Kisasi !
0°
( Nguluni !
! ( Salama
Nguni ( !
( !
( Kasunguni !
( !
Ikalaasa
SOUTH SUDAN
( !
Mbumbuni ! (
( Kakalia !
Ithemboni Lazoni
Kiusyani
Lema ! ( ( !
40°E
Tiva ( !
0°
( !
! ( Katangi
! ( Wamunyu
1°30'S
Katulani ( !
Makaveti
( !
! Masii (
Katelembu Machakos ! ( Kaani ( ! . !
! ( Kwa Kavoo
38°E
Myondoni
2°S
1°30'S
Kathiani ! ( ( Mbee Market ! ( Kasaini ! ( Nzaikoni !
( !
Masalani
Kevanda ! (
ow s ve r s h Landco rved e f s the ob sical c over o y (bio )ph 's surface, rth the ea t minan d use o d . e i. on, lan ti ta e g ve de an-ma and m . s re tu fea Citation:
Closed to open mixed broadleaved, needleleaved forest
Mosaic Vegetation/Croplands
Sparse vegetation
Closed broadleaved deciduous forest
Closed to open shrubland
Open broadleaved deciduous forest
Closed to open grassland
Open needleleaved deciduous or evergreen forest
Mosaic Forest-Shrubland/Grassland
Closed to open broadleaved evergreen or semi-deciduous forest
Mosaic Grassland/Forest-Shrubland
Arino et al (2009)
Urban area
11
Landuse 37°30'E
( !
( !
Mukuyuni ( !
Kitandi
Nunguni ! ( Kalongo ( ! Kilome ( Mukaa ! Kyambeke ( ! ( ! Upete
Kasikeu ( !
2°S
( !
Sultan Hamad
Iuani ! (
( !
Kibini
Poka
( !
Nziu
Kathonzweni
Musikio
UGANDA
( !
Kavisuni ( !
( Keymundu !
Lake
Ngosini East
Mubuko ( !
( !
Kikumini
Kalivu Kiangini ! ( Kilawa
TA N Z A N I A
INDIAN OCEAN
( !
Ikutha
( !
( !
( !
International boundary
( Kailembwa !
Corresponds to the map on the left
( Simba !
0
Athi
( Makindu !
125
Kambi ya Munyu ( !
( Lengesim !
. !
Town
Settlement
Road
Memerush
Wetland
Kibwesi ! (
37°30'E
River 0
7.5
( Kalulini !
! ( Mbuinzau
Scale 1:750,000 15
30
Landuse *
( !
( !
Grasslands - high livestock density
Masalani
Crops and high livestock density Forest with moderate or higher livestock density
Kevanda ! (
Shrubs high livestock density Shrubs moderate livestock density
38°E
Grasslands - unmanaged Grasslands - moderate livestock density
45 Kilometers
40°E
Scale 1:12,500,000
! ( Kiboko
( !
SOMALIA
K E N YA
Ikanga ! (
Kwakavisi ( !
Matha ( !
( !
ETHIOPIA
Victoria
Kalamba ( !
Mulala ( !
Musa ! (
Katangini ! (
Wote ! (
Chomboni
( !
Kaumoni ! (
Emali ! ( ( !
Mwambani ( !
Kalawa ! (
Kithungo ( !
Mwewe ! (
! ( Kathungi
Syongila
Kinyunyini (! ! (
Kima ( !
( !
( Kisasi !
0°
( Kee !
( Nguluni !
! ( Salama
Nguni ( !
( !
( Kasunguni !
( !
Ikalaasa
SOUTH SUDAN
( !
Mbumbuni ! (
( Kakalia !
Ithemboni Lazoni
Kiusyani
Lema ! ( ( !
40°E
Tiva ( !
0°
( !
! ( Katangi
! ( Wamunyu
1°30'S
Katulani ( !
Makaveti
( !
! Masii (
Katelembu Machakos ! ( Kaani ( ! . !
! ( Kwa Kavoo
38°E
Myondoni
2°S
1°30'S
Kathiani ! ( ( Mbee Market ! ( Kasaini ! ( Nzaikoni !
250
500 Kilometers
ow n of h sc riptio t involves e d a nd.I how se is Landu tilize etshceriplation oy,f i.elv.etshe uis a d activ le p t invo ion o .Iit e e d s p ic om the lan my,oi.deif.icthaet La nd u-ectiolin e z io d u it c into a cnti v nt a pseoople ge atieonnt noemic nmvoirdoifnicm aecom n a io e m d c to l n o a in s n t as nmaetnutr nevirnot,s uceh nm ts. ofa nthagee tuirra m l em lemen nnav on nt,ssucahndassett entsu. ltiple e e t th il f e u me m ob nm l fieldand m seattyleb nvir ora le baugilrticeultur al fie mu ltip elds ere uplac , tehremay be lt u c ri y . g aAt an lace , the h d er e andyupses,thteh endte tn her e. enste Ala r p , is s e s s e t one landmuinan e is pre doominant on d
Urban area * Legend corresponds to left map
1 cm = 7.5 km
Wote CCAFS sampling frame
Citation:
Natchtergaele et al (2010)
12
Length of Growing Period 2000 37°30'E
( !
( Kee ! ( !
Mukuyuni ( !
Kitandi
Nunguni ! ( Kalongo ( ! Kilome ( Mukaa ! Kyambeke ( ! ( ! Upete
Kasikeu ( !
2°S
( !
Sultan Hamad
Iuani ! (
( !
Kibini
Poka
( !
Nziu
Kathonzweni
Musikio
UGANDA
( !
Kavisuni ( !
( Keymundu !
Lake
Ngosini East
Mubuko ( !
( !
Kikumini
Kalivu Kiangini ! ( Kilawa
TA N Z A N I A
OCEAN
( !
( !
International boundary
( Kailembwa !
Corresponds to the map on the left
( Simba !
0
! ( Kiboko
Athi
( Makindu !
Kambi ya Munyu ( !
( Lengesim !
. !
Town
Settlement
Road
Memerush
Kibwesi ! (
37°30'E
River Wetland
( ! Mbuinzau
0
7.5
Scale 1:750,000 15
30
38°E
Length of Growing Period (Days)
( !
( Kalulini !
INDIAN
( !
Ikutha
( !
( !
SOMALIA
K E N YA
Ikanga ! (
Kwakavisi ( !
Matha ( !
( !
ETHIOPIA
Victoria
Kalamba ( !
Mulala ( !
Musa ! (
Katangini ! (
Wote ! (
Chomboni
( !
Kaumoni ! (
Emali ! ( ( !
Mwambani ( !
Kalawa ! (
Kithungo ( !
Mwewe ! (
! ( Kathungi
Syongila
Kinyunyini (! ! (
Kima ( !
( !
( Kisasi !
0°
( Nguluni !
! ( Salama
Nguni ( !
( !
( Kasunguni !
( !
Ikalaasa
SOUTH SUDAN
( !
Mbumbuni ! (
( Kakalia !
Ithemboni Lazoni
Kiusyani
Lema ! ( ( !
40°E
Tiva ( !
0°
( !
! ( Katangi
! ( Wamunyu
1°30'S
Katulani ( !
Makaveti
( !
! Masii (
Katelembu Machakos ! ( Kaani ( ! . !
! ( Kwa Kavoo
38°E
Myondoni
2°S
1°30'S
Kathiani ! ( ( Mbee Market ! ( Kasaini ! ( Nzaikoni !
( !
Masalani
Kevanda ! (
< = 50 50 - 100 100 - 150 150 - 200 > 200
Scale 1:12,500,000
125
250
40°E 500 Kilometers
wing of Gro ed h t g n e The L is defin (LGP) of days d io r r Pe numb e ich as the r during wh fed a in e a y r a in able is avail upply for there s oisture soil m o wth. r plant g
45 Kilometers
1 cm = 7.5 km
Wote CCAFS sampling frame
Citation: Thornton et al (2006)
13
Length of Growing Period 2030 37°30'E
( !
( Kee ! ( !
Mukuyuni ( !
Kitandi
Nunguni ! ( Kalongo ( ! Kilome ( Mukaa ! Kyambeke ( ! ( ! Upete
Kasikeu ( !
2°S
( !
Sultan Hamad
Iuani ! (
( !
Kibini
Poka
( !
Nziu
Kathonzweni
Musikio
UGANDA
( !
Kavisuni ( !
( Keymundu !
Lake
Ngosini East
Mubuko ( !
( !
Kikumini
Kalivu Kiangini ! ( Kilawa
TA N Z A N I A
OCEAN
( !
( !
International boundary
( Kailembwa !
Corresponds to the map on the left
( Simba !
0
! ( Kiboko
Athi
( Makindu !
Kambi ya Munyu ( !
( Lengesim !
. !
Town
Settlement
Road
Memerush
37°30'E
River Wetland
( ! Mbuinzau
Kibwesi ! (
0
7.5
Scale 1:750,000 15
30
Length of Growing Period (Days) ( !
( Kalulini !
INDIAN
( !
Ikutha
( !
( !
SOMALIA
K E N YA
Ikanga ! (
Kwakavisi ( !
Matha ( !
( !
ETHIOPIA
Victoria
Kalamba ( !
Mulala ( !
Musa ! (
Katangini ! (
Wote ! (
Chomboni
( !
Kaumoni ! (
Emali ! ( ( !
Mwambani ( !
Kalawa ! (
Kithungo ( !
Mwewe ! (
! ( Kathungi
Syongila
Kinyunyini (! ! (
Kima ( !
( !
( Kisasi !
0°
( Nguluni !
! ( Salama
Nguni ( !
( !
( Kasunguni !
( !
Ikalaasa
SOUTH SUDAN
( !
Mbumbuni ! (
( Kakalia !
Ithemboni Lazoni
Kiusyani
Lema ! ( ( !
40°E
Tiva ( !
0°
( !
! ( Katangi
! ( Wamunyu
1°30'S
Katulani ( !
Makaveti
( !
! Masii (
Katelembu Machakos ! ( Kaani ( ! . !
! ( Kwa Kavoo
38°E
Myondoni
2°S
1°30'S
Kathiani ! ( ( Mbee Market ! ( Kasaini ! ( Nzaikoni !
( !
< = 50
Masalani
50 - 100 100 - 150
Kevanda ! (
150 - 200 > 200
38°E
Scale 1:12,500,000
125
250
40°E 500 Kilometers
ing f Gro w ngth o defined e L e h T is (LGP) ys Period umb er of da n ich e h h w t s g a in ar dur infed in a ye available ra for is upply there ture s re is o m soil ; he ro wth plant g for 2030 . d mod ele
45 Kilometers
1 cm = 7.5 km
Wote CCAFS sampling frame
Citation:
Thornton et al (2006)
14
Crop Suitability 37°30'E
( !
( Kee ! ( !
Mukuyuni ( !
Kitandi
Nunguni ! ( Kalongo ( ! Kilome ( Mukaa ! Kyambeke ( ! ( ! Upete
Kasikeu ( !
2°S
( !
Sultan Hamad
Iuani ! (
( !
Kibini
Poka
( !
Nziu
Kathonzweni
Musikio
UGANDA
( !
Kavisuni ( !
( Keymundu !
Lake
Ngosini East
Mubuko ( !
( !
Kikumini
Kalivu Kiangini ! ( Kilawa
TA N Z A N I A
OCEAN
( !
( !
International boundary
( Kailembwa !
Corresponds to the map on the left
( Simba !
! ( Kiboko
Athi
( Makindu !
Kambi ya Munyu ( !
( Lengesim !
. !
Town
Settlement
Road
Memerush
37°30'E
River Wetland
( ! Mbuinzau
Kibwesi ! (
0
7.5
Scale 1:750,000 15
30
45 Kilometers
Crop Suitability
38°E
Not suitable
( !
( Kalulini !
INDIAN
( !
Ikutha
( !
( !
SOMALIA
K E N YA
Ikanga ! (
Kwakavisi ( !
Matha ( !
( !
ETHIOPIA
Victoria
Kalamba ( !
Mulala ( !
Musa ! (
Katangini ! (
Wote ! (
Chomboni
( !
Kaumoni ! (
Emali ! ( ( !
Mwambani ( !
Kalawa ! (
Kithungo ( !
Mwewe ! (
! ( Kathungi
Syongila
Kinyunyini (! ! (
Kima ( !
( !
( Kisasi !
0°
( Nguluni !
! ( Salama
Nguni ( !
( !
( Kasunguni !
( !
Ikalaasa
SOUTH SUDAN
( !
Mbumbuni ! (
( Kakalia !
Ithemboni Lazoni
Kiusyani
Lema ! ( ( !
40°E
Tiva ( !
0°
( !
! ( Katangi
! ( Wamunyu
1°30'S
Katulani ( !
Makaveti
( !
! Masii (
Katelembu Machakos ! ( Kaani ( ! . !
! ( Kwa Kavoo
38°E
Myondoni
2°S
1°30'S
Kathiani ! ( ( Mbee Market ! ( Kasaini ! ( Nzaikoni !
( !
Masalani
Kevanda ( !
Very low Low Medium low Medium Medium high
0
Scale 1:12,500,000
125
250
40°E 500 Kilometers
fers to ility re b a it u Crop S resource nd the la ent that m al land s e s as s s agricultur vant r e le e id r cons ions with t dition p n o o c e l us gica lo o c e e t pec d agro ate ex s. im t s e itie to g activ croppin
High Very high
1 cm = 7.5 km
Wote CCAFS sampling frame
Citation: FAO and IIASA (2007)
15
Livestock Production Systems 37°30'E
( !
( Kee ! ( !
Mukuyuni ( !
Kitandi
Nunguni ! ( Kalongo ( ! Kilome ( Mukaa ! Kyambeke ( ! ( ! Upete
Kasikeu ( !
2°S
( !
Sultan Hamad
Iuani ! (
( !
Kibini
Poka
( !
Nziu
Kathonzweni
Musikio
UGANDA
( !
Kavisuni ( !
( Keymundu !
Lake
Ngosini East
Mubuko ( !
( !
Kikumini
Kalivu Kiangini ! ( Kilawa
TA N Z A N I A
INDIAN OCEAN
( !
Ikutha
( !
( !
Scale 1:12,500,000
( !
International boundary
( Kailembwa !
Corresponds to the map on the left
( Simba !
0
125
250
! ( Kiboko
Athi
( Makindu !
Kambi ya Munyu ( !
( ! ( Lengesim !
. !
Town
Settlement
Road
Memerush
Wetland
Kibwesi ! (
0
7.5
Scale 1:750,000 15
30
38°E
Mixed Rainfed
( !
( Kalulini !
( ! Mbuinzau
37°30'E
River
SOMALIA
K E N YA
Ikanga ! (
Kwakavisi ( !
Matha ( !
( !
ETHIOPIA
Victoria
Kalamba ( !
Mulala ( !
Musa ! (
Katangini ! (
Wote ! (
Chomboni
( !
Kaumoni ! (
Emali ! ( ( !
Mwambani ( !
Kalawa ! (
Kithungo ( !
Mwewe ! (
! ( Kathungi
Syongila
Kinyunyini (! ! (
Kima ( !
( !
( Kisasi !
0°
( Nguluni !
! ( Salama
Nguni ( !
( !
( Kasunguni !
( !
Ikalaasa
SOUTH SUDAN
( !
Mbumbuni ! (
( Kakalia !
Ithemboni Lazoni
Kiusyani
Lema ! ( ( !
40°E
Tiva ( !
0°
( !
! ( Katangi
! ( Wamunyu
1°30'S
Katulani ( !
Makaveti
( !
! Masii (
Katelembu Machakos ! ( Kaani ( ! . !
! ( Kwa Kavoo
38°E
Myondoni
2°S
1°30'S
Kathiani ! ( ( Mbee Market ! ( Kasaini ! ( Nzaikoni !
( !
Masalani
Kevanda ! (
Livestock only
Arid / Semi-arid
Arid /semi-arid
Humid / sub-humid
Temperate / highland
Temperate / highland
Closed to open shrubland
Mixed Irrigated Arid / semi-arid
Urban area
Humid / sub-humid
Other
Temperate / highland
40°E 500 Kilometers
s as System ke uc tio n ta d s ro m P ste ck Livesto gricult ural sy s into a n f io o it d rt pa c on sified in limatic agro-c and are clas stoc k t n v u li ies nd e ac co feed a ck co mm odit y; f o s term livesto n technolog s; ; s e rc reso u ductio nc tion tock fu ed; pro ; produc use and lives hic locations p t produc ered; geogra suppo rted. ns ov area c an populatio m u h d n a
45 Kilometers
1 cm = 7.5 km
Wote CCAFS sampling frame
Citation: FAO (2007)
16
Livestock Density 37°30'E
( !
( Kee ! ( !
Mukuyuni ( !
Kitandi
Nunguni ! ( Kalongo ( ! Kilome ( Mukaa ! Kyambeke ( ! ( ! Upete
Kasikeu ( !
2°S
( !
Sultan Hamad
Iuani ! (
( !
Kibini
Poka
( !
Nziu
Kathonzweni
Musikio
UGANDA
( !
Kavisuni ( !
( Keymundu !
Lake
Ngosini East
Mubuko ( !
( !
Kikumini
Kalivu Kiangini ! ( Kilawa
TA N Z A N I A
OCEAN
( !
( !
International boundary
( Kailembwa !
Corresponds to the map on the left
( Simba !
! ( Kiboko
Athi
( Makindu !
Kambi ya Munyu ( !
( Lengesim !
. !
Town
Settlement
Road
Memerush
37°30'E
River Wetland
! ( Mbuinzau
Kibwesi ! (
0
7.5
Scale 1:750,000 15
30
Number per km ( !
( Kalulini !
2
No Observations
( !
Masalani
Kevanda ! (
<= 5 5 - 10 10 - 15 15 - 20
38°E
INDIAN
( !
Ikutha
( !
( !
SOMALIA
K E N YA
Ikanga ! (
Kwakavisi ( !
Matha ( !
( !
ETHIOPIA
Victoria
Kalamba ( !
Mulala ( !
Musa ! (
Katangini ! (
Wote ! (
Chomboni
( !
Kaumoni ! (
Emali ! ( ( !
Mwambani ( !
Kalawa ! (
Kithungo ( !
Mwewe ! (
! ( Kathungi
Syongila
Kinyunyini (! ! (
Kima ( !
( !
( Kisasi !
0°
( Nguluni !
! ( Salama
Nguni ( !
( !
( Kasunguni !
( !
Ikalaasa
SOUTH SUDAN
( !
Mbumbuni ! (
( Kakalia !
Ithemboni Lazoni
Kiusyani
Lema ! ( ( !
40°E
Tiva ( !
0°
( !
! ( Katangi
! ( Wamunyu
1°30'S
Katulani ( !
Makaveti
( !
! Masii (
Katelembu Machakos ! ( Kaani ( ! . !
! ( Kwa Kavoo
38°E
Myondoni
2°S
1°30'S
Kathiani ! ( ( Mbee Market ! ( Kasaini ! ( Nzaikoni !
0
Scale 1:12,500,000
125
250
40°E 500 Kilometers
is ensity rs oc k D Livest d in numbe g re meas u ock, includ in p, t ee s h e of liv and s goats , le t t ca 2 per km
>= 20
45 Kilometers
1 cm = 7.5 km
Wote CCAFS sampling frame
Citation: Wint et al (2007)
17
Livelihood Zones 37°30'E
( !
( Kee ! ( !
Mukuyuni ( !
Kitandi
Nunguni ! ( Kalongo ( ! Kilome ( Mukaa ! Kyambeke ( ! ( ! Upete
Kasikeu ( !
2°S
( !
Sultan Hamad
Iuani ! (
( !
Kibini
Poka
( !
Nziu
Kathonzweni
Musikio
UGANDA
( !
Kavisuni ( !
( Keymundu !
Lake
Ngosini East
Mubuko ( !
( !
Kikumini
Kalivu Kiangini ! ( Kilawa
TA N Z A N I A
OCEAN
( !
( !
International boundary
( Kailembwa !
Corresponds to the map on the left
( Simba !
! ( Kiboko
Athi
( Makindu !
Kambi ya Munyu ( !
( Lengesim !
. !
Town
Settlement
Road
Memerush
River Wetland
Kibwesi ! (
37°30'E
0
7.5
Scale 1:750,000 15
30
0
Scale 1:12,500,000
125
250
Livelihood Zones * Southeastern Medium Potential, Mixed Farming Zone
( !
( Kalulini !
( ! Mbuinzau
INDIAN
( !
Ikutha
( !
( !
SOMALIA
K E N YA
Ikanga ! (
Kwakavisi ( !
Matha ( !
( !
ETHIOPIA
Victoria
Kalamba ( !
Mulala ( !
Musa ! (
Katangini ! (
Wote ! (
Chomboni
( !
Kaumoni ! (
Emali ! ( ( !
Mwambani ( !
Kalawa ! (
Kithungo ( !
Mwewe ! (
! ( Kathungi
Syongila
Kinyunyini (! ! (
Kima ( !
( !
( Kisasi !
0°
( Nguluni !
! ( Salama
Nguni ( !
( !
( Kasunguni !
( !
Ikalaasa
SOUTH SUDAN
( !
Mbumbuni ! (
( Kakalia !
Ithemboni Lazoni
Kiusyani
Lema ! ( ( !
40°E
Tiva ( !
0°
( !
! ( Katangi
! ( Wamunyu
1°30'S
Katulani ( !
Makaveti
( !
! Masii (
Katelembu Machakos ! ( Kaani ( ! . !
! ( Kwa Kavoo
38°E
Myondoni
2°S
1°30'S
Kathiani ! ( ( Mbee Market ! ( Kasaini ! ( Nzaikoni !
( !
Southeastern Marginal Mixed Farming Zone
Masalani
Kevanda ! (
Southern Pastoral Zone * Legend corresponds to left map
38°E
40°E 500 Kilometers
x and comple actors. e r a of f oods Livelih by a variety map s e d n e o p z od sha s liveliho raphic area e s e h g T ly o d e a g o r b ate deline hich p eop le ood h w li within e same live ces s to th ac share luding t s. ns inc and marke r e t t a p , e m o inc food,
45 Kilometers
1 cm = 7.5 km
Wote CCAFS sampling frame
Citation:
USAID (2011)
18
Human Population Density 37°30'E
( !
( !
Mukuyuni ( !
Kitandi
Nunguni ! ( Kalongo ( ! Kilome ( Mukaa ! Kyambeke ( ! ( ! Upete
Kasikeu ( !
2°S
( !
Sultan Hamad
Iuani ! (
( !
Kibini
Poka
( !
Nziu
Kathonzweni
Musikio
UGANDA
( !
Kavisuni ( !
( Keymundu !
Lake
Ngosini East
Mubuko ( !
( !
Kikumini
Kalivu Kiangini ! ( Kilawa
TA N Z A N I A
OCEAN
( !
( !
International boundary
( Kailembwa !
Corresponds to the map on the left
( Simba !
! ( Kiboko
Athi
( Makindu !
Kambi ya Munyu ( !
( Lengesim !
. !
Town
Settlement
Road
Memerush
Kibwesi ! (
37°30'E
River Wetland
! ( Mbuinzau
0
7.5
Scale 1:750,000 15
30
38°E
Number of persons per km
( !
( Kalulini !
INDIAN
( !
Ikutha
( !
( !
SOMALIA
K E N YA
Ikanga ! (
Kwakavisi ( !
Matha ( !
( !
ETHIOPIA
Victoria
Kalamba ( !
Mulala ( !
Musa ! (
Katangini ! (
Wote ! (
Chomboni
( !
Kaumoni ! (
Emali ! ( ( !
Mwambani ( !
Kalawa ! (
Kithungo ( !
Mwewe ! (
! ( Kathungi
Syongila
Kinyunyini (! ! (
Kima ( !
( !
( Kisasi !
0°
( Kee !
( Nguluni !
! ( Salama
Nguni ( !
( !
( Kasunguni !
( !
Ikalaasa
SOUTH SUDAN
( !
Mbumbuni ! (
( Kakalia !
Ithemboni Lazoni
Kiusyani
Lema ! ( ( !
40°E
Tiva ( !
0°
( !
! ( Katangi
! ( Wamunyu
1°30'S
Katulani ( !
Makaveti
( !
! Masii (
Katelembu Machakos ! ( Kaani ( ! . !
! ( Kwa Kavoo
38°E
Myondoni
2°S
1°30'S
Kathiani ! ( ( Mbee Market ! ( Kasaini ! ( Nzaikoni !
<= 5
( !
Masalani
Kevanda ! (
5 - 25 25 - 50
2
0
Scale 1:12,500,000
125
250
40°E 500 Kilometers
lation ed n Popu Huma is the g ridd r y pe Densit of persons r e b m nu 2 200 5. km in
50 - 250 > 250
45 Kilometers
1 cm = 7.5 km
Wote CCAFS sampling frame
Citation: CIESIN (2005)
19
Market Access 37°30'E
( !
( !
Mukuyuni ( !
Kitandi
Nunguni ! ( Kalongo ( ! Kilome ( Mukaa ! Kyambeke ( ! ( ! Upete
Kasikeu ( !
2°S
( !
Sultan Hamad
Iuani ! (
( !
Kibini
Poka
( !
Nziu
Kathonzweni
Musikio
UGANDA
( !
Kavisuni ( !
( Keymundu !
Lake
Ngosini East
Mubuko ( !
( !
Kikumini
Kalivu Kiangini ! ( Kilawa
TA N Z A N I A
INDIAN OCEAN
( !
Ikutha
( !
( !
( !
International boundary
( Kailembwa !
Corresponds to the map on the left
( Simba !
0
Scale 1:12,500,000
125
! ( Kiboko
Athi
( Makindu !
Kambi ya Munyu ( !
( ! ( Lengesim !
. !
Town
Settlement
Road
Memerush
Wetland
Kibwesi ! (
0
7.5
Scale 1:750,000 15
30
38°E
Travel time to nearest large town/city (Hours)
( !
( Kalulini !
! ( Mbuinzau
37°30'E
River
SOMALIA
K E N YA
Ikanga ! (
Kwakavisi ( !
Matha ( !
( !
ETHIOPIA
Victoria
Kalamba ( !
Mulala ( !
Musa ! (
Katangini ! (
Wote ! (
Chomboni
( !
Kaumoni ! (
Emali ! ( ( !
Mwambani ( !
Kalawa ! (
Kithungo ( !
Mwewe ! (
! ( Kathungi
Syongila
Kinyunyini (! ! (
Kima ( !
( !
( Kisasi !
0°
( Kee !
( Nguluni !
! ( Salama
Nguni ( !
( !
( Kasunguni !
( !
Ikalaasa
SOUTH SUDAN
( !
Mbumbuni ! (
( Kakalia !
Ithemboni Lazoni
Kiusyani
Lema ! ( ( !
40°E
Tiva ( !
0°
( !
! ( Katangi
! ( Wamunyu
1°30'S
Katulani ( !
Makaveti
( !
! Masii (
Katelembu Machakos ! ( Kaani ( ! . !
! ( Kwa Kavoo
38°E
Myondoni
2°S
1°30'S
Kathiani ! ( ( Mbee Market ! ( Kasaini ! ( Nzaikoni !
<=5
( !
Masalani
Kevanda ! (
5 - 10 10 - 15 15 - 20 > = 20
250
40°E 500 Kilometers
eas ure e is a m rmined im t l e v Tra y dete s sib ilit rs) taken e c c a f o ou , time (h urban centre in the s n e t io r t a e la n u to the city of a p op re o r town o 0 people or m of 0 ns a ,0 e 0 5 m f t o n differe count) (taking tation into ac r o transp
45 Kilometers
1 cm = 7.5 km
Wote CCAFS sampling frame
Citation: Nelson (2008)
20
Poverty 37°30'E
( !
( !
Mukuyuni ( !
Kitandi
Nunguni ! ( Kalongo ( ! Kilome ( Mukaa ! Kyambeke ( ! ( ! Upete
Kasikeu ( !
2°S
( !
Sultan Hamad
Iuani ! (
( !
Kibini
Poka
( !
Nziu
Kathonzweni
Musikio
UGANDA
( !
Kavisuni ( !
( Keymundu !
Lake
Ngosini East
Mubuko ( !
( !
Kikumini
Kalivu Kiangini ! ( Kilawa
TA N Z A N I A
OCEAN
( !
International boundary
( !
( Simba ! ( Kailembwa ! ! ( Kiboko
Athi
( Makindu !
Kambi ya Munyu ( !
( Lengesim !
. !
Town
Settlement
Road
Memerush
37°30'E
River Wetland
Kibwesi ! (
0
7.5
Scale 1:750,000 15
30
38°E
0
Scale 1:12,500,000
125
250
Corresponds to the map on the left
Percentage of People living on less than 2 US$ per day ( !
( Kalulini !
! ( Mbuinzau
INDIAN
( !
Ikutha
( !
( !
SOMALIA
K E N YA
Ikanga ! (
Kwakavisi ( !
Matha ( !
( !
ETHIOPIA
Victoria
Kalamba ( !
Mulala ( !
Musa ! (
Katangini ! (
Wote ! (
Chomboni
( !
Kaumoni ! (
Emali ! ( ( !
Mwambani ( !
Kalawa ! (
Kithungo ( !
Mwewe ! (
! ( Kathungi
Syongila
Kinyunyini (! ! (
Kima ( !
( !
( Kisasi !
0°
( Kee !
( Nguluni !
! ( Salama
Nguni ( !
( !
( Kasunguni !
( !
Ikalaasa
SOUTH SUDAN
( !
Mbumbuni ! (
( Kakalia !
Ithemboni Lazoni
Kiusyani
Lema ! ( ( !
40°E
Tiva ( !
0°
( !
! ( Katangi
! ( Wamunyu
1°30'S
Katulani ( !
Makaveti
( !
! Masii (
Katelembu Machakos ! ( Kaani ( ! . !
! ( Kwa Kavoo
38°E
Myondoni
2°S
1°30'S
Kathiani ! ( ( Mbee Market ! ( Kasaini ! ( Nzaikoni !
( !
Masalani
Kevanda ! (
0 or missing 0 - 20 20 - 40 40 - 60 60 - 80 80 - 100
40°E 500 Kilometers
lob al cted g at u r t s n N co ty th CIESI ts of pover tes of a e s im t a dat lity n es sed o fant morta , a b e r ta a in a l d a n n io tio subna d malnutrit h are hil at bot and c ing th rty and iz n g o rec ove s f or p proxie rather than e welfar easures. m direct
45 Kilometers
1 cm = 7.5 km
Wote CCAFS sampling frame
Citation: CIESIN (2005)
21
Conservation Areas 37°30'E
( !
( !
Mukuyuni ( !
Kitandi
Nunguni ! ( Kalongo ( ! Kilome ( Mukaa ! Kyambeke ( ! ( ! Upete
Kasikeu ( !
2°S
( !
Sultan Hamad
Iuani ! (
( !
Kibini
Poka
( !
Nziu
Kathonzweni
Musikio
UGANDA
( !
Kavisuni ( !
( Keymundu !
Lake
Ngosini East
Mubuko ( !
( !
Kikumini
Kalivu Kiangini ! ( Kilawa
TA N Z A N I A
OCEAN
( !
( !
International boundary
( Kailembwa !
Corresponds to the map on the left
( Simba !
! ( Kiboko
Athi
( Makindu !
Kambi ya Munyu ( !
( Lengesim !
. !
Town
Settlement
Road
Memerush
River Wetland
( ! Mbuinzau
Kibwesi ! (
37°30'E
0
7.5
Scale 1:750,000 15
30
Conservation Areas Forest Reserve
( !
( Kalulini !
INDIAN
( !
Ikutha
( !
( !
SOMALIA
K E N YA
Ikanga ! (
Kwakavisi ( !
Matha ( !
( !
ETHIOPIA
Victoria
Kalamba ( !
Mulala ( !
Musa ! (
Katangini ! (
Wote ! (
Chomboni
( !
Kaumoni ! (
Emali ! ( ( !
Mwambani ( !
Kalawa ! (
Kithungo ( !
Mwewe ! (
! ( Kathungi
Syongila
Kinyunyini (! ! (
Kima ( !
( !
( Kisasi !
0°
( Kee !
( Nguluni !
! ( Salama
Nguni ( !
( !
( Kasunguni !
( !
Ikalaasa
SOUTH SUDAN
( !
Mbumbuni ! (
( Kakalia !
Ithemboni Lazoni
Kiusyani
Lema ! ( ( !
40°E
Tiva ( !
0°
( !
! ( Katangi
! ( Wamunyu
1°30'S
Katulani ( !
Makaveti
( !
! Masii (
Katelembu Machakos ! ( Kaani ( ! . !
! ( Kwa Kavoo
38°E
Myondoni
2°S
1°30'S
Kathiani ! ( ( Mbee Market ! ( Kasaini ! ( Nzaikoni !
( !
Masalani
Nature Reserve
Kevanda ! (
38°E
45 Kilometers
0
Scale 1:12,500,000
125
250
40°E 500 Kilometers
Areas reas vation Cons er t p rot ected a , n N e C repres rdin g t o I U graph ic o co c e a g t, d a e th d fin ed icate arly d e are cle ecogn ized, d legal or r h , s g u space d t hro anage s, to and m ective mean ervat ion ff ns e o r c ot he -t erm e long associated achiev re w ith nd of natu m services a te s y ecos . l valu e cu ltu ra
1 cm = 7.5 km
Wote CCAFS sampling frame
Citation: UNEP and WCMC (2012)
22
References and Data Sources Regional Map Sijmons K. 2013a. Digital Satellite Image based on, MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer ) NASA, 2009, Ground resolution : 1 Kilometer. GTOPO30, (DEM) Global Digital Elevation Model U.S Geological Survey, Ground resolution: 1 Kilometer. Topographic Features derived from: Global GIS, U.S. Geological Survey and Google Earth. Projection: Geographic, Lat/Long, WGS84 Topographic Map Sijmons K. 2013b. Relief represenation derived from Digital Elevation Model (DEM) of SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission) 2000, Ground resolution 90 meter and ASTER GDEM, Ground resolution 30 meter, NASA. Topographic Features digitized from Google Earth Projection: Geographic, Lat/Long, WGS84 Satellite Image RapidEye Satellite Image, 5 meter ground resolution, Image acquisition, 17-01-2011 Annual Rainfall Hijmans, R.J., S.E. Cameron, J.L. Parra, P.G. Jones and A. Jarvis, 2005. Very high resolution interpolated climate surfaces for global land areas. International Journal of Climatology 25: 1965-1978. Annual Rainfall Graph Jones P G, Thornton P K, Diaz W and Wilkens P W. 2002. MarkSim, a computer tool that generates simulated weather data for crop modeling and risk assessment. Version 1, 2002. CD-ROM and Users Manual. CIAT, AA6713, Cali, Colombia, 87 pp. Annual Temperature Hijmans, R.J., S.E. Cameron, J.L. Parra, P.G. Jones and A. Jarvis, 2005. Very high resolution interpolated climate surfaces for global land areas. International Journal of Climatology 25: 1965-1978. Annual Temperature Graph Jones P G, Thornton P K, Diaz W and Wilkens P W. 2002. MarkSim, a computer tool that generates simulated weather data for crop modeling and risk
assessment. Version 1, 2002. CD-ROM and Userâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Manual. CIAT, AA6713, Cali, Colombia, 87 pp. Aridity Index Trabucco, A., and Zomer, R.J. 2009. Global Aridity Index (Global-Aridity) and Global Potential Evapo-Transpiration (Global-PET) Geospatial Database. CGIAR Consortium for Spatial Information. Published online, available from the CGIAR-CSI GeoPortal at: http://www.csi.cgiar.org/ Altitude Jarvis, A., H.I. Reuter, A. Nelson, E. Guevara, 2008, Hole-ďŹ lled SRTM for the globe Version 4, available from the CGIAR-CSI SRTM 90m Database. Available at http://srtm.csi.cgiar.org Landforms FAO Africover, 2002. Available at http://www.africover.org/system/metadata.php?metadataid=65 Soil Type FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISS-CAS/JRC. 2009. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.1). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria. Agro-Ecological Zones Fischer, G., F. Nachtergaele, S. Prieler, H.T. van Velthuizen, L. Verelst, D. Wiberg, 2008. Global Agroecological Zones Assessment for Agriculture (GAEZ 2008). IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria and FAO, Rome, Italy Landcover Arino, O., Perez J. R., Kalgirou V., Defourny P., Achard F. 2009. GlobCover. Version 2.3 Global. Accessed at http://ionia1.esrin.esa.int/ Landuse Natchtergaele F., Petri M., 2010. Mapping Land Use at global and Regional Scales for Land Degradation Assessment Analysis (LADA).Version 1.1. LADA Project FAO/UNEP GEF/. http://www.fao.org/geonetwork/srv/en/metadata.show?id=37139&currTab=simple Length of Growing Period 2000 Thornton P K, Jones P G, Owiyo T, Kruska R L, Herrero M, Kristjanson P, Notenbaert A, Bekele N and Omolo A, with contributions from Orindi V, Adwerah A, Otiende B, Bhadwal S, Anantram K, Nair S and Kumar V. 2006. Mapping climate vulnerability and poverty in Africa. Report to the Department for International Development, International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya, 200 p.
23
Length of Growing Period 2030 Thornton P K, Jones P G, Owiyo T, Kruska R L, Herrero M, Kristjanson P, Notenbaert A, Bekele N and Omolo and Kumar V. 2006. Mapping climate vulnerability and poverty in Africa. Report to theDepartment for International Development, International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya, 200 p.
University. Available at http://www.ciesin.columbia.edu/povmap. ( Version 1.0) Available at http://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/theme/poverty Conservation Areas UNEP-WCMC (2012). Data Standards for the World Database on Protected Areas. UNEP-WCMC: Cambridge, UK.
Crop Suitability FAO-IIASA 2007. Mapping biophysical factors that inďŹ&#x201A;uence agricultural production and rural vulnerability. Food and Agriculture Organization and International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Rome 2007. Livestock Production Systems FAO. 2007. Gridded livestock of the world 2007, by G.R.W. Wint and T.P. Robinson.Rome, pp 131. Livestock Density Wint W, Robinson T, 2007. Gridded Livestock of the World. FAO, 131 pp. Livelihood Zones Livelihood Zone Products. Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET). Accessed at http://www.fews.net/pages/livelihoods.aspx?loc=6&l=en. Human Population Density Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN)/Columbia University, and Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT, 2005. Gridded Population of the World, Version 3 (GPWv3): Population Density Grid, Future Estimates, Edition: 3.0. NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC. Online_Linkage: http://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/set/gpw-v3-population-density-future-estimates Market Access Nelson, A. (2008) Estimated travel time to the nearest city of 50,000 or more people in year 2000. Global Environment Monitoring Unit - Joint Research Centre of the European Commission, Ispra Italy. Available at http://www-tem.jrc.it/accessibility (accessed 06/03/2004) Poverty Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN), Columbia University, 2005. Small Area Estimates of Poverty and Inequality (SAEPI) database. Palisades, NY: CIESIN,
24
June 2013
The CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) brings together the worldâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s best researchers in agricultural science, development research, climate science and Earth System science, to identify and address the most important interactions, synergies and tradeoffs between climate change, agriculture and food security. CCAFS is a strategic partnership of CGIAR and Future Earth, led by the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT). For more information, visit www.ccafs.cgiar.org and www.geomapa.nl
V.Atakos/CCAFS