A hydraulic filter protects the components of a hydraulic system against damage which is caused by contamination of oil and other fluids which are used in the system. This is done by continuous filtering of contaminating particles. Thus, a good hydraulic filtration system can increase the life of the components of a hydraulic system and keep it contaminant free. Types of Hydraulic Filters There are a several types of hydraulic filters, which include — bag, screen, and magnetic filters. The bag filter is made up of a cloth bag through which the hydraulic fluid is passed. The contaminants (being solid) are not to flow through the bag. This is particularly useful in the filtering of particles like dirt and rust which are
introduced into the system by a cylinder rod. Screen filters are made up with many small wires which are woven together like a gauge to create a metallic cloth. These can be made to a precise pore size, allowing an engineer to choose the right size for the expected contaminants. Magnetic filters are used to attract any metallic contaminants using magnetically charged plates. The type of filter used depends upon the alignment and positioning of the filter. Different Types of Filter Alignments Suction Side Filters: These hydraulic oil filters are located right before the hydraulic pump, and are designed to protect the pump from getting contaminated with harmful particles which are present within the hydraulic fluid. This type of filtering system uses a wire screen to filter contaminants. Pressure Side Filters: These filters are made to filter the hydraulic fluid while it exits the pump and protects the more sensitive system components such as control valves and actuators. These are located downstream to the hydraulic pump. The filtering system used in these filters is capable of removing a high quantity of the small contaminants. Return Side Filters: These filters are designed to filter wear debris from the hydraulic systems before returning the fluid back to the reservoir and are located between the fluid reservoir and the control valve. The mechanism used in these filters is made to remove common sized contaminants that may be generated by the system components. Off Line Filters: These filters are used to clean hydraulic fluid before it enters the hydraulic system and are not the part of the
hydraulic system itself. Fluid is pulled from the reservoir, filtered, and then returned to the reservoir. In-Tank Breather Filters: These filters are located on the reservoir and used to prevent moisture and contaminating particles from entering the reservoir.
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