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Table of Content
Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 6 Section 01: Fisheries Export Market ................................................................................... 8 Section 02: Situational Overview ...................................................................................... 11 Section 03: Future Trends ................................................................................................. 16 Section 04: Recommendations For Industry Sustenance .................................................. 18 Conclusion ........................................................................................................................ 20 References ......................................................................................................................... 21
Appendix Appendix A ........................................................................................................................ 23 Appendix B ........................................................................................................................ 24 Appendix C ........................................................................................................................ 25 Appendix D ........................................................................................................................ 26 Appendix E ........................................................................................................................ 28 Appendix F......................................................................................................................... 29 Appendix G ........................................................................................................................ 30 Appendix H ........................................................................................................................ 31
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Introduction
Assignment Objectives Study a Sri Lankan industry operating in Export Market. Present a Situational Overview for the selected Export Industry. Identify the Future Trends of the Export Industry. Make Recommendations for Sustenance of the Industry.
Sri Lankan Export Market Background The Sri Lankan Export products can be divided in to two main categories. 1. Traditional Export Products 2. Non-Traditional Export Products. Traditional Export Products
Non-Traditional Export Products
Tea
Manufactures
Rubber
Textiles and Garments
Coconut
Diamonds, Gems and Jewellery Fisheries Products Other Export Crops Petroleum Products Others
Table 1: Traditional and Non Traditional Export Products
The above table shows the main categories of products in Sri Lankan export market. According to the 2008
(U.S. $ Mn.)
export performances data (Appendix C), Sri Lanka has
gained 1559 from traditional exports and 6578 from non traditional exports which finally leads to a total of 8137. The average growth has reached up to 6.17% during the last year. In the current context of Sri Lanka, non traditional export products gain more income than traditional export products.
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The following chart summarizes the overall view of the Sri Lankan export market in term of sector-based percentages. This report only focuses on the Fisheries Export Industry in Sri Lanka. According to the following chart fisheries industry holds 2.1% from the entire export income. Even the value is small compared to other industries; it has created lot benefits to the county in term of financial and social aspects. 1% 3%
Tea
16%
Rubber
2%
22%
2% 3% 2% 7%
Coconut Other Export Crops Fisheries Products Diamonds, Gems and Jewellery Textiles and Garments Manufactures Petroleum Products
42%
Others
Figure 1: Share of Exports by Sectors 2008
The fisheries industry in Sri Lanka mainly supplies their products in to domestic market as well as export market. Due to the high volume of domestic consumption, the export fishery industry is not yet developed up to a standard level in term of production. However, Sri Lanka is competitive country in foreign markets.
Methodology The data has been collected through interviews, online databases and publications by number of Sri Lankan authorised institutes. Sri Lanka Customs, Ministry of fisheries and Aquatic Resources, Central Bank of Sri Lanka, National Aquaculture Development Authority of Sri Lanka, National Aquatic Resource Research and Development Agency, Food and Agriculture Organization of The United Nations and Sri Lanka Export Development Board are the main sources of data. Officers from Sri Lankan Customs and TESS Group (PVT) Ltd are interviewed in order to collect the operational and the latest Information.
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Section 01: Fisheries Export Market Sri Lanka locates in Indian Ocean as an island. Therefore, the country legally owns 517,000 Sq. km of ocean area, which is roughly six times of the land area. Other than that Sri Lanka, comprise with 2,905 Sq.km of inland waters. This natural background encourages the fisheries industry in the country. Fishery Industry is one of the oldest industries in Sri Lanka that extensively contributed to the development of the country over the last decades. According to the government data (Export Development Board Sri Lank, 2009) there are about 160,300 direct employees and another 50,000 persons in related activities. However, over 700,000 people depend on fishery industry for their livelihood. Fisheries export industry is not only about Seafood. There are three main sub industries under the export fisheries industry in Sri Lanka. However, the main two categories of products are considered as Seafood (Fish as Food) and Aquarium Fish. According to the statistics, the percentage between the above export categories can be graphed as follows. 1. Aquarium Fish 2. Prawns 3. Fish (Food) / Sea Food 5%
6% Aquarium Fish Prawns
89%
Fish (As Food)
Figure 2: Product Based Export Performance
Above chart clearly shows the contribution of each product. Nearly 90% of the export products are belongs to the fish (food) category. Sri Lanka mainly exports the fisheries products to the markets in USA, Japan, European Union Countries, European Candidate Countries and Other European Countries.
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Aquarium fish
100
Prawns
80
Fish (As Food)
60
Total
40 20 0 2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
Figure 3: Export Performance of Fisheries Industry (US $ Mn) [Source: (Export Development Board Sri Lanka, 2009)]
The above chart shows the year based export performance of the fisheries industry. Prawns product has decreased its export income during the last year. At the same time, the aquarium product has maintained a constant level of production and sales during the last 5 years with light increase. However, fish (as Food) product has increased the sale rapidly during the past time.
Aquarium Fish Aquarium fish products are used to relief mental stress and illness. Those attractive creatures are used as pets as well. The aquarium fish trade in Sri Lanka consists of Freshwater, Brackish Water and Marine Fish Species. Guppies, Plates, Gold Fish, Fantails, Orandas, Redcaps Barbs, Golden barbs, Rosy barbs Danios, Zebra danio,Tetras, Serpae, Neon, Gouramis, Cat fishes, Cichlids, Angels, Oscars, Discus Marine fish are some of the main aquarium export products in Sri Lanka (Export Development Board Sri Lank, 2009).
However, there are large numbers of products in this category. At the same time, restrictions are deployed by prohibiting some species to be exported due to cultural values and the scarceness. PPEC100
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Lot of knowledge and technology is required to do the aquarium fish business. There are number of quality standards are deployed to ensure the quality of the product as well. At the same time there are number of related institutions to help the aquarium business by providing training, funding etc. (Appendix F)
Fish (As Food) / Sea Food This is the main export product in fisheries industry in Sri Lanka. These products are used for human consumption as a food. Sri Lanka usually exports 20,000 Mt per year to the foreign market. The main export products are Tuna, Prawns, Crabs, Lobsters, Fish Fresh or chilled, Frozen fish, Preserved fish such as Maldive fish, shark fins, fish maws, sprats, Cuttle fish, Mussels, Beche-de-mer. (Export Development Board Sri Lank, 2009)
Foreign vessels, trollers and multi-day boats are used to produce the export quality fish. The following technologies are introduced to maintain the quality of the products. ď ś Technology Fishing Technology 1. Long line 2. Hand line 3. Gill Net ď ś Processing Technology 1. Freezing 2. Chilling 3. Fresh smoking 4. Treatment 5. Deep Frozen/Super Frozen There are number of quality standards and certifications are deployed to ensure the quality of the product. This is important to be sustained in the global competition. There are number of related institutions and service providers to help the aquarium business in term of providing technology, knowledge, funds etc. (Appendix F)
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Section 02: Situational Overview History and Recent Past “The ornamental fish industry in Sri Lanka has a long history, which began with smallscale outlets in some houses within the cities. The industry was commercialized by a few entrepreneurs about 50 years ago and has now developed into a thriving industry with an export market” (Wijesekara & Yakupitiyage, 2001) Fisheries industry (Seafood) has also very long history in Sri Lanka. The export of fish was established in ancient times. In 2004, Tsunami hits Sri Lankan north and east coastal areas and entirely flushed down the fisheries industry in minutes. However, with the help of foreign aids, Sri Lankan government recovered the industry up to a certain level. After five years after the disaster, now the fishing industry is functioning as usual. However, the entire world economy was in a recession during the last year. Now it is recovering back to the normal. At the same time, Sri Lanka ends the war against the terrorist internally and defeated them in mid last year 2009. Because of that north and east, coastal areas are now started to function. However, it is still in progress under number of international aids and development programs. Even the fishing industry in Sri Lanka supposed to be one of the oldest industries in the country; it is still functioning under very low facilities and technologies by comparatively poor communities in the society.
“Given the seasonal nature of fisheries industry incomes and other uncertainties (weather, ability to find fish, etc.), fishing communities find it difficult to secure a dependable livelihood.”
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Demand and Supply “Presently, there are about 18 registered aquarium fish exporters and together they currently contribute approximately 1% of the world’s demand for ornamental fish.” (Wijesekara & Yakupitiyage, 2001) Even in a time of global economic recession, the demand of the fish has increased. The following chart clearly shows how the demand and supply fluctuated during the last four decades. It clearly shows that the quotas of the fish consumption by developed courtiers are more likely a constant. However, the consumption of the developing courtiers has increased tremendous. According to the researches, this trend will continue at least until 2020. Because of this reason, more demand will arise in Asian countries and they may need to concentrates on domestic markets than the export markets. Fish products are usually expensive at all time compared to other foods. Because of that, all the fish related products are also expensive (Ex: Fish Oil)
Figure 4: (Right) Changing Share of Developing Countries in the Production of Fish for Food, 1973 and 1997(Left) Changing Share of Developing Countries in Fish Consumption, 1973 and 1997 [Source: (Delgado et al., 2007)]
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Export Market and Competition Sri Lanka mainly exports their fisheries products (Aquarium and Seafood) in to the following markets. The largest single buyers of the export products are USA and Japan. However, buyers can be categories as European Union Countries, European Candidate Countries and other. Sri Lanka exports nearly 20,000 Mt to the foreign markets. Some of the countries that belongs to above categories are U.S.A, Japan, Germany, United Kingdom, France, Italy, Holland, Australia, Canada, Belgium, Others, China, France, Japan, Korea South, Lebanon, Maldives, Singapore, Thailand. European Union Countries
9%
11%
European Candidate Countries
6%
Other European Countries
2%
72%
0%
USA Japan Other Countries
Figure 5: Quantity and Value of Exports by Type of Country [Source: (Ministry of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources, 2009)]
Export Market Performance When analyze the export performance of the fisheries product, it clearly shows that during 2005-2007 exports are increased rapidly. However, the increasing rate slowed down in 2007-2009. The main reasons are the global economic crisis, the internal war against terrorists in Sri Lanka as well as the failure of Prawns market. However, during the entire period of last 5 years, the demand has increased in an overall perspective. When the export market performance analyze by comparing the last two year, as an overall there is a slight improvement. *Category based figures are not available in the year 2009 PPEC100
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Aquarium fish
100
Prawns
80
Fish (As Food)
60
Total
40 20 0 2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
Figure 6: Export Performance of Fisheries Industry (US $ Mn) [Source: (Export Development Board Sri Lanka, 2009)]
The following chart shows how the exports are taken place in each month. The two years are performed in the same manner with slight changes which does not create big different in the overall picture. However, the fisheries industry can expect a huge increase of sales in next 5 years time due to the end of the global crisis and the increasing demand in the developing countries. 25 20 15 2008
10
2009 5 0
Figure 7: Month Based Comparison 2008-2009 (US $ Mn) [Source: (Sri Lanka Customs, 2009)]
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Current Issues in the Fisheries Industry There are number of issues that resulted the fishing industry to be in a very poor position. Currently Sri Lanka using very poor and old technology compared to other countries. In the current market, new equipment, technology and knowledge are very expensive. Therefore, the industry has failed to utilize the resource which country owns, specially the fishing in deep sea. Government support for the fishing industry is very low. Due to the political changes, governments deploy different policies and long term plans time to time. The main reason for that is fisheries industry is very much politically sensitive, because fishing communities has a one million vote based around the country. Again, Sri Lankan fishing export sector worried due lack of supportive facilities such as storages, processing plants, roads and basic infrastructure.etc. Because of this reason, it is hard to comply with the international quality standards and certification. This is the place Sri Lankan products loss the market in front of other countries. Finally, attitude towards the fishing community and the fish business needs to be changed among people in the society and fishing needs to be converted in to a respectable occupation as it can contributes a lot in to the Sri Lankan economy. An overall perspective Sri Lanka has the strengths such as labor and natural resources, inland waters and Sea, which is six times larger than the country. However, the abovementioned weakness needs to be removed in order to be a better position in the global fish market. The recommendations to overcome the above issues are discussed under the section ‘Recommendations for Industry Sustenance’.
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Section 03: Future Trends Local and World Consumption and Demand Situation analysis section clearly showed that how the global demand for fisheries products are increasing. As a developing country, Sri Lanka’s domestic fish consumption will increase rapidly. This will happen in most of the developing courtiers. Because of that, the global demand will go up as a whole and number of new opportunities will arise for new production.
Technology and Scientific Research Currently, technology and scientific research has become a key element in any industry, because it allows improving the productivity and the efficiency of any industry. Number of new methods, technologies will be introduced in the future. This will help to reduce the price of the export product in the areas of aquarium products and fish products (Food).For example, genetic changed fish products, new satellite systems, new vessels monitoring system. The fishery industry is not matured enough to adopt the new technology.
Natural Environment and Recent Issues During the last five decade with the industry revolution all over the world, fish consumption went up rapidly. The fleet size doubled within very short period. This is unbearable to the environment. Global environment organization may need to act on this and number of policies may deploy to protect the environment. Other than, these issues there are numbers of problem arise due to the disastrous usage of natural elements. Global warming is one of the biggest issues that will affect to the fisheries industry. Water pollution will also affect to the industry in the future
Funding and Development Plans Foreign governments, Sri Lankan government and number of other nonprofit organization will fund to the fisheries industry to improve and take it up to the next level of production. Number of development plan will come forward and implementation would start to improve the life of the fishers’ community.
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North and East Production Expansion Sri Lanka ended the 30 years of war against terrorist during the last year. Because of that, the entire north and east coastal areas are now getting in to functional status. This new production will increase the overall fish products in Sri Lanka and portion of it will get in to the export market by increasing the export revenue.
Partnerships and Agreements This is very much important to Sri Lanka as developing country. Government and the foreign government are working on this currently to ensure the long-term sustainability of the country. This will open up new market opportunities such as duty free access, new technology sharing, combined development programs, relaxed policies, knowledge sharing, satellite data sharing, and many more. Other than that, new partnerships will establish between the private sector companies in term of service facilitation such as transportation, storage, processing and many more.
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Section 04: Recommendations for Industry Sustenance
Basically fisheries industry aims at sustainable growth and expansion in the long run since it comprises fishing at sea and in inland waters, aquaculture, fish breeding and fish trade. The sector is becoming imperative economically and socially since the country is with the greater advantage of surrounded by the sea. The development of the sector has been quite positive in recent years: production volumes have been stable and total employment has grown.
New Technologies, Equipment and Training Using more technological products in order to compete with the global supply hence Sri Lanka is not the only country which involving in the fishery export in south Asian region so for to compete with the above other contestant suppliers the country has to adopt new technologies to complete with them.
Fisheries’ Community and Society Introducing and proving new programs to the fishers in order to identify the better market opportunities and introducing new technologies to them to increase the aggregate supply of the industry and most of the Sri Lankan fish farmers involving with the industry with less experience and less technology. But if the government can provide better and professional knowledge to them it would enhance the supply of the industry
New Businesses, Trade Opportunities and New Product Markets The primary objective government is to provide support for harvesting, processing, and marketing initiatives in order to diversify these activities and increase the overall viability of the industry. So for if the government can provide monitory and other non-financial benefits such as proper training programs it would them to use them in the industry in more effective way.
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Government Policies, Development Plans, Rules and Regulations The export policy environment needs to be strengthened and procedures, taxes and security fees need revised to encourage exporters and facilitate value chain functions. The restriction, which placed during the wartime, needs to be removed. All the related government institutes should provide support to the fishing industry in term of training and knowledge, infrastructure and support facilities funds and many more. (Appendix F)
Funding, Encouragement, Partnerships and Agreements Government should continuously fund the fisheries industry to improve the production and the welfare of the fisheries community. Partnerships with individual countries (Japan, USA) and group countries (European Union) need to be built to take more advantages (Explained under Future Trends). At the same time, government of Sri Lanka needs to provide tax-free facilities to bring down new technology, chemicals and equipments.
The Brand Name The fisheries industry needs to build good brand image. For example Sri Lankan tea products have a good brand image and value in the global market. This will help to be competitive in global market as well as sustenance in the market. However, this is not an easy task. Mainly, the quality of the product needs to be in high quality and promotion needs to be done in a consistent manner in order to achieve this target.
Infrastructure Development and Support Facilities Establishing and enhancing fishery harbors and anchorages and supporting markets would provide needed facilities (ice, electricity, storage, jetties), enhance production and minimize costs. It is critical to ensure that organizations like fisher cooperatives participate in the management of such resources. Other than that, the roads between harbors, airports and coastal areas needs to be develop in order to ensure the speedy, easy and cost effective transportation.
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Conclusion This report presents a summarized analysis of Fisheries Export Industry in Sri Lanka. All the necessary qualitative and quantitative information are presented in order to visualize the current situation of the above industry. The first section presents an overall view of the fisheries export industry. Sri Lanka mainly exports two categories of produces under fisheries industry. They are Aquarium fish and the Seafood. However, there are some other minor exports as well. Currently total fishery export industry gains 161 million (US $). This amount is nearly 2.1% from the total Sri Lankan exports. The fisheries industry in Sri Lanka has performed well in a consistent manner during the past years. The second section shows a situational overview of the fisheries export industry in Sri Lanka. The country is in a recovery process from the tsunami disaster in 2004. At the same time the global economic is also in a recovery process from a global economic crisis. At the same time Sri Lanka managed to finish the 30 years of terrorist war during the last year 2009. As a result of that, north and east entire coastal areas are now getting in to functional status after long time. Again, the fish consumption of the developing countries is increasing rapidly and demand has also increased. In the third section, reports forecasts some future trends related to the fisheries industry under both categories; Aquarium and Seafood. The trends mainly focuses on new technology, new methods, new equipment, new demand, environmental matters, world fish consumption, export market competition, scientific research, global warming, natural disasters and many more. The final section presents number of recommendations to government, non-profit organizations and fishing communities in order to improve the fisheries export industry in Sri Lanka. The main focuses are on knowledge and training programs, introducing new technologies, market partnerships and agreements, infrastructure development, long term plan, continuous monitoring and funding, financial support and many more. This report tries to build an interest around fisheries industry and make public awareness regarding the fisheries export industry in Sri Lankan context.
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References Delgado, C.L. et al., 2007. The Future of Fish: Issues and Trends to 2020. Forecasting. Washington,: International Food Policy Research Institute and WorldFish Center International Food Policy Research Institute and WorldFish Center.
Export Development Board Sri Lank, 2009. Trade Information: Aquarium Fish, Aqua Culture and Seafood. [Online] Available at: http://www.srilankabusiness.com/trade_info/srilankaproduct/aquarium_fish.htm [Accessed 30 December 2009].
Export Development Board Sri Lanka, 2009. Export Performance of Traditional & Non Traditional Products 1999 – 2008. Financial Summary. Colombo: Export Development Board Sri Lanka Sri Lanka Customs.
Food Aand Agriculture Organization of The United Nations , 2009. Fishery and Aquaculture Country Profiles: Sri Lanka. [Online] Available at: http://www.fao.org/fishery/countrysector/FI-CP_LK/en [Accessed 30 October 2009].
Ministry of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources, 2007. Ten Year Development Policy Framework Of The Fisheries And Aquatic Resources Sector. Ministry of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources.
Ministry of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources, 2009. International Trade of Fish September 2009. Financial Summary. Colombo: Ministry of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Ministry of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources.
Multi Fish Lanka (Pvt) Ltd, 2009. Home: Multi Fish Lanka (Pvt) Ltd. [Online] Available at: http://shetna.diytrade.com/sdp/119520/4/cf-277240/0/Contact_Us.html [Accessed 30 December 2009].
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Sahan Sea Foods (PVT) Ltd, 2009. Fish Export Sri Lanka. [Online] Available at: http://www.sahanseafoods.com/srilanka.html [Accessed 30 October 2009].
Sri Lanka Customs, 2009. Fishries Industry: Trade Report. Export Summary. Colombo: Sri Lanka Customs Sri Lanka Customs.
Tropic Fishery (Pvt) Ltd, 2007. Home: Tropic Fishery (Pvt) Ltd. [Online] Available at: http://www.tess.lk/seafoods/Home.html [Accessed 30 December 2009].
U.S. Agency for International Development, 2009. Analysis Of The Fisheries Sector In Sri Lanka. Micro. Washington: U.S. Agency for International Development U.S. Agency for International Development.
Wijesekara, R.G.S. & Yakupitiyage, A., 2001. Ornamental Fish Industry in Sri Lanka: Present Status and Future Trends. Aquarium Sciences and Conservation, 3, p.241–252.
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Appendix A List of Approved Fish Processing Establishments for Export Company Name 1.
Tropic Frozen Foods Ltd.
2.
Southern Sea Foods (Pvt.) Ltd.
3.
Skyway Seafoods Specialists (Pvt.) Ltd.
4.
Prawn Ceylon (Pvt.) Ltd.
5.
Alpex Marine (Pvt.) Ltd.
6.
Jay Sea Foods Processing (Pvt.) Ltd.
7.
OLS Foods (Pvt.) Ltd.
8.
Apollo Marine International (Pvt.) Ltd.
9.
Amanda Foods Lanka (Private) Limited
10.
Ceylon Foods (Pvt.) Ltd.
11.
Aqua Gardens (Pvt.) Ltd.
12.
Global Sea Foods (Pvt.) Ltd.
13.
Pearl Island Seafoods (Pvt) Ltd.
14.
J P Fresh Products
15.
Aloy Exports (Pvt.) Ltd.
16.
Lihini Sea Foods (Pvt) Ltd.
17.
Kandy Sea Foods International (Pvt) Ltd.
18.
Jay Sea Foods Processing (Pvt) Ltd.
19.
Foreconns Canneries
20.
Indiwary Aqua (Pvt.) Ltd.
21.
Shinwa Lanka (Pvt.) Ltd.
22.
YuhFa Lanka Fisheries (Pvt.) Ltd.
23.
East Globe Lanka Trading (Pvt.) Ltd.
24.
Western Lanka Aquatic (Pvt.) Ltd.
25.
Slic Lanka (U.S. Agency for International Development, 2009)
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Appendix B Fisheries Infrastructure
Figure 8: Fisheries Infrastructure [Source: (U.S. Agency for International Development, 2009)]
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Appendix C Export Performance (1999-2008) 4000
3500
3000 Tea 2500
Rubber Coconut Other Export Crops
2000
Fisheries Products Diamonds, Gems and Jewellery
1500
Textiles and Garments Manufactures 1000
Petroleum Products
500
0 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Figure 9: Export Performance of Traditional & Non Traditional Products 1999 – 2008 (Us $ Mn) [Source: (Export Development Board Sri Lanka, 2009)]
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Appendix D Snapshots of the Fisheries Export Industry
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Figure 10: Process of Fisheries Export [Source: (Tropic Fishery (Pvt) Ltd, 2007)]
Figure 11: Ornamental Fish Export Products [Source: (Multi Fish Lanka (Pvt) Ltd, 2009)]
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Appendix E Fisheries Export Products
Figure 12: Fisheries Export Products
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Appendix F Certifications, Standards and Related Institutes Aquarium Fish
Seafood
Certifications for Export
Certifications for Export
1. Health Certificate 2. Certificate of Origin 3. GSP Form a for Marine Fish or Plants 4. Permit for Restricted Species 5. Water Quality Certificate
1. Health Certificate (Food Safety Certificate) Issued by the Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources 2. Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) Certification Issued by the Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources 3. Approvals to Export to European Union (EU) & USA (Department of Fisheries & Aquatic Resources is the Competent Authority appointed by European Union issue license)
Related Institutions/Associations
Related Institutions/Associations
1. National Aquaculture Development Authority of Sri Lanka (NAQDA) 2. Ornamental Fish Exchange Centre 3. Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources 4. Department of Wildlife Conservation 5. Department of Animal Quarantine and Health 6. National Aquatic Resources and Research Agency ( NARA) 7. Department of Forest. 8. Department of Commerce - Live Tropical Fish Exporters of Sri Lanka.
1. Ministry of fisheries & Aquatic Resources 2. Dept. of Fisheries & Aquatic Resources 3. Sri Lanka Standards Institute (SLSI) 4. Industrial Technology Institute (ITI) 5. National Aquaculture Development Authority (NAQDA) 6. National Aquatic Resources & Research & Development Agency (NARA) 7. SGS Lanka (Pvt.) Ltd. 8. Seafood Exporters Association 9. Consortium for the Development of Aquaculture 10. Aquaculture Development Alliance
Quality Standards HACCP (Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point) European Union Requirements (Standards) BRC – British Retail Consortium FDA – Food & Drug Administration, USA SLSI – Sri Lanka Standard Institute ISO 22000 Table 2: Certifications, Standards and Related Institutes
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Appendix G Quantity and Value of Imports and Exports by HS Code
Figure 13: Quantity and Value of Imports and Exports [Source: (Ministry of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources, 2009)]
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Appendix H Export Data Highlights
Figure 16: Exported Quantity of Fish and Fishery Products (Mt)
Figure 15: Value of Exported Fish and Fishery Products (Rs.Mn)
Figure 14: Exported Quantity and Value of Selected Exports
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