FOODSCAPES SUPERINFRASTRUCTURES.
SUPERCITIES.
SUPERDUTCH.
Charlotta Chan / S1966676 MArch Modular Pathway 2019/20 ESALA / ECA / University of Edinburgh
Contents Westland, Netherlands [background research: national and global scale]
p4
Westland, Netherlands [background research: regional scale]
p11
‘s-Gravenzande, Westland [urban site analysis]
p19
Greenhouse : as an industrial typology [design specifications]
p28
Automation : the future of greenhouses [radical technologies]
p34
2040 : hyper-optimised, automated greenhouses [future scenario]
p38
Design Proposal : urban strategy
p42
2
Introduction
The Netherlands is the world’s number two food exporter measured by value. Second only to the United States which has 280 times its landmass. The Dutch horticulture relies heavily on greenhouse cultivation, which gives farmers full control over growing conditions and crop monitoring around the clock. The Westland region of the Netherlands, also known as the Glass City, has the highest concentration of greenhouse horticulture in the world, resulting in a blanket of glass that covers 80% of cultivated land. When seen from above at night, the industrial landscape is a sea of neon yellow and magenta light. By 2040, all greenhouses will become automated and hyper-optimised. In order to satisfy the growing population and demand for food, the control and monitoring of crops have been replaced by artificial intelligences, robots and drones. There will no longer be a need for a team of farmers to run the greenhouse. Yet these vast human exclusive greenhouses situated only a street apart from residential areas are a stark contrast to the human inclusive town centres. By restructuring the greenhouse blanket and creating a labyrinth through the industrial landscape, this project aims to paint a future where greenhouses and humans co-exists in harmony with one another.
3
Westland, Netherlands [background research: national & global scale]
[background research]
Westland, Netherlands glass city
The Hague
Rijswijk
‘s-Gravenzande WESTLAND
Hook of Holland Maasvlakte Rotterdam Europoort Rotterdam
image: Google Earth Satellite View
5
[background research]
Global Network
export of tomatoes
previous semester 6
[background research]
Global Logistical Route distribution network
previous semester 7
[background research]
National CO2 Network environmental strategy
previous semester 8
[background research]
Global Network
export of tomatoes
previous semester 9
[background research]
Industrial Network urban eccentricities
10
Westland, Netherlands [background research: regional scale]
12
[background research]
Westland CO2 network environmental strategy
previous semester
13
[background research]
Light pollution
use of assimilation lighting
previous semester 14
photography credits: Tom Hegen
15
[background research]
LED Lighting
affect of light on plant growth
16
[background research]
Residential cores of Westland human inclusion zones
previous semester 17
[background research]
Ageing population
Life expectancy
l
No. of trucks on the road
NO2 Emissions
Self sustaining
CO2 from Europort
hica grap
Climate emergency
ge o
Better living standards
social
Unemployment
env iron
Leisure activity
Residual heat from Europort
Lack of housing
me
Green energy
Rise of housing costs
nta l
Urban restructuring
g
hical eograp
al t i dig
Road infrastructure
Urbanization
geographical
Lack of community facilities
geograp hical
Risks, Opportunities, Trends Network
LED Lighting
Need for digital infrastructures
Replacing old greenhouses
Reliance on digitalization
it dig
al
al st i c
Technology drones robots
Cyber attacks and security
i log
Large scale Clustered together
Hyper optimization of greenhouses
Importance of connectivity
Netherlands as a global food exporter
Increasing demand for food production
18
Monster
‘ s-Gravanzande, Westland [urban site analysis]
‘ s-Gravenzande ‘s-Gravenzande as a residential core is located on the periphery of a greenhouse industrial blanket. This creates a unique tension between the human inclusion zone and the human exclusion zone.
[urban site analysis]
Community Network
urban eccentricities
20
21
[urban site analysis]
Urban Metabolism seasonal activities
22
[urban site analysis]
Urban Metabolism activity hours
23
[urban site analysis]
Public Space Users
P
spatial requirements
24
[urban site analysis]
Public Space Users spatial requirements
P
P
P
P
P
P
25
[urban site analysis]
Public Space Users relationship analysis
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[urban site analysis]
P
Public Space Users relationship analysis
P
P P
P
P
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GREENHOUSE : as an industrial ty pology [design specifications]
29
[design specifications]
Tomato cultivation
specifications of a greenhouse
previous semester 30
[design specifications]
Greenhouse complex water storage tanks Ø 1.85m-25.5m
min. area: 15,000m2
cooling tower
90m
supporting buildings
farmer’s house backyard
90m - 200m
90m - 200m
1m
5m 12.
10m max.
8m max.
15m max.
12.5m
.
max
previous semester 460mm 460mm 1000mm
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[design specifications]
Technical Drawing typical greenhouse
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[design specifications]
Technical Drawing typical greenhouse
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AUTOMATION : the future of greenhouses [radical technologies]
[radical technologies]
Automation
robots and drones
1
2
3
4
5
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1. Autonomous Robot [Agrobot]- use of AI to determine ripeness of crops // picking crops // packing crops 2. Autonomous Flying Microbot [RoboBees] - pollination controlled through AI // environmental monitoring 3. Autonomous Robot Arm [Agrobot] - picking soft crops with care 4. Autonomous Robot Vehicle [MetaMotion] - identifiying and picking ripe fruits // on-board boxing system 5. Autonomous Robot + Software [IronOx] - running and monitoring a hydroponics farm // robot arms pluck the plants // sensors monitors elements like nitrogen and temperature 6. Drone - data collection // environmental elements monitoring // crops montitoring
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[radical technologies]
Automation
implementation in greenhouses
3
1
4
2
5
1. Automated Watering Robot 2. Monitoring Drone 3. Bell Pepper-packing Robot 4. Tomato-picking Robot 5. Tomtato ripeness detection
36
[radical technologies]
Automation remote access
37
2040 : hy per-optimised, automated greenhouses [future scenario]
[future scenario]
Future greenhouse technology now vs. future
CURRENT GREENHOUSES Greenhouses are already currently optimised but still require the employment of workers to do manual labour such as crop picking, seeding, monitoring. Greenhouse working environments are not ideal for the human being due to the humidity and temperature conditions.
FUTURE GREENHOUSES Greenhouses are hyper-optimised in terms of efficiency by running fully automated. There is no longer a need for so many labour workers to run the greenhouse. All the devices are connected to a digital platform for remote access control and monitoring.
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future scenario
40
future scenario
WATERING PLANT HEALTH SENSOR ON/OFF SEND DATA ANALYZE
GUTTER #153 172 DAYS AGO HEALTH_4/5 WATERING _ YES/NO
WATERING PLANT HEALTH SENSOR ON/OFF SEND DATA ANALYZE
41
DESIGN PROPOSAL : urban strategy [urban restructuring of greenhouses] [giving back to the residents of ‘s-Gravenzande]
[design proposal]
Urban Strategy connectivity
Plaza Program for community Greenhouse Existing greenhouses
43
[design proposal]
Urban strategy design concept
EXISTING : GREENHOUSE CLUSTER
DESIGN PROPOSAL : CARVE OUT A PATH Exising greenhouses in the area are clustered but not maximizing the use of space, resulting in leftover gaps between them. The design proposal calls for an urban restructuring of the area, merging several greenhouses into a single hyper-optimised one while carving out a path to give back to the residential community as a connection from the town to the beach.
FUTURE SCENARIO : HYPER-OPTIMISED
44
[design proposal]
Activity Moments
sequence & hirearchy
45
[design proposal]
Urban Strategy existing condition
Site Pedestrian route Vehicular route Rainwater collection Delivery Truck
Proposed access Further expansion
46
[design proposal]
Urban Strategy
proposed intervention
Site Pedestrian route Vehicular route Rainwater collection Delivery Truck
Proposed access Further expansion
47
[design proposal]
Urban Strategy labrinth sequence
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[design proposal]
Labrinth journey starting point
CHILL-OUT
path
RELAX
path
SKATE
‘s-Gravenzande main public plaza
ICE HOCKEY & ICE SKATE
CHILL-OUT
PICNIC
CHILL-OUT
street in town center
STAGE
CHILL-OUT
path
CHILL-OUT
TOWER
STAGE
CHILL-OUT
PICNIC
RELAX
residential meets industrial
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path
RELAX
path
SKATE
ICE HOCKEY & ICE SKATE
CHILL-OUT
PICNIC
CHILL-OUT
STAGE
CHILL-OUT
path
CHILL-OUT
TOWER
STAGE
CHILL-OUT
PICNIC
RELAX
[labrinth journey]
Chill-out
plan & section
Section [1:100@A3]
Plan [1:100@A3]
CHILL-OUT
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CHILL-OUT
path
RELAX
path
SKATE
ICE HOCKEY & ICE SKATE
CHILL-OUT
PICNIC
CHILL-OUT
STAGE
CHILL-OUT
path
CHILL-OUT
TOWER
STAGE
CHILL-OUT
PICNIC
RELAX
[labrinth journey]
Chill-out
axonometry
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path
RELAX
path
SKATE
ICE HOCKEY & ICE SKATE
CHILL-OUT
PICNIC
CHILL-OUT
STAGE
CHILL-OUT
path
CHILL-OUT
TOWER
STAGE
CHILL-OUT
PICNIC
RELAX
[labrinth journey]
Typical Pathway plan & section
Section [1:100@A3]
Plan [1:100@A3]
CHILL-OUT
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CHILL-OUT
path
RELAX
path
SKATE
ICE HOCKEY & ICE SKATE
CHILL-OUT
PICNIC
CHILL-OUT
STAGE
CHILL-OUT
path
CHILL-OUT
TOWER
STAGE
CHILL-OUT
PICNIC
RELAX
[labrinth journey]
Typical Pathway axonometry
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path
RELAX
path
SKATE
ICE HOCKEY & ICE SKATE
CHILL-OUT
PICNIC
CHILL-OUT
STAGE
CHILL-OUT
path
CHILL-OUT
TOWER
STAGE
CHILL-OUT
PICNIC
RELAX
[labrinth journey]
Relax
plan & section
Section [1:100@A3]
Plan [1:100@A3]
CHILL-OUT
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CHILL-OUT
path
RELAX
path
SKATE
ICE HOCKEY & ICE SKATE
CHILL-OUT
PICNIC
CHILL-OUT
STAGE
CHILL-OUT
path
CHILL-OUT
TOWER
STAGE
CHILL-OUT
PICNIC
RELAX
[labrinth journey]
Relax
axonometry
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path
RELAX
path
SKATE
ICE HOCKEY & ICE SKATE
CHILL-OUT
PICNIC
CHILL-OUT
STAGE
CHILL-OUT
path
CHILL-OUT
TOWER
STAGE
CHILL-OUT
PICNIC
RELAX
[labrinth journey]
Skate Park
plan & section
Section [1:100@A3]
Plan [1:100@A3]
CHILL-OUT
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CHILL-OUT
path
RELAX
path
SKATE
ICE HOCKEY & ICE SKATE
CHILL-OUT
PICNIC
CHILL-OUT
STAGE
CHILL-OUT
path
CHILL-OUT
TOWER
STAGE
CHILL-OUT
PICNIC
RELAX
[labrinth journey]
Skate Park axonometry
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CHILL-OUT
path
RELAX
path
SKATE
ICE HOCKEY & ICE SKATE
CHILL-OUT
1
2
3
PICNIC
CHILL-OUT
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5
STAGE 6
CHILL-OUT 7
CHILL-OUT
path 8
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TOWER
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STAGE
CHILL-OUT
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PICNIC
RELAX
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labrinth journey
Ice Hockey & Skating Rink Complex
4500
4500
A
4000
Plans [1:300@A3]
4000
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11 H
-4.00 I
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Lower Ground Plan [-4.00]
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1. Skate rental and skate school 2. Office 3. Skate storage and repair 4. Home team locker room 5. Away team locker room 6. Storage 7. Control room 8. Refridgeration room 9. Mechanical room 10. Zamboni 11. Ice Hockey Rink 12. Toilets and changing room 13. Skate change and lockers
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P
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CHILL-OUT
path
RELAX
path
SKATE
ICE HOCKEY & ICE SKATE
CHILL-OUT
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PICNIC 4
CHILL-OUT 5
STAGE 6
CHILL-OUT 7
CHILL-OUT
path 8
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TOWER 11
STAGE 12
CHILL-OUT 13
PICNIC
RELAX
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labrinth journey 4500
4500
A
4000
Plans [1:300@A3]
B
Ice Hockey & Skating Rink Complex
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4000
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C
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+0.00 I
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+0.00
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+0.00 M
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14. Entrance and reception 15. Shop 16. Juice bar 17. Spectators seating 18. Toilets 19. Zamboni access 20. Storage 21. Cafe
P
Q
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R
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59 B
Ground Floor Plan [+0.00}
CHILL-OUT
path
RELAX
path
SKATE
ICE HOCKEY & ICE SKATE
CHILL-OUT
1
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PICNIC 4
CHILL-OUT 5
STAGE 6
CHILL-OUT 7
CHILL-OUT
path 8
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TOWER 11
STAGE 12
CHILL-OUT 13
PICNIC
RELAX
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labrinth journey
Ice Hockey & Skating Rink Complex
4500
4500
A
4000
Plans [1:300@A3]
4000
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+5.00 H
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First Floor Plan [+5.00] R
22. Ice Skating Rink S
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CHILL-OUT
path
RELAX
path
SKATE
ICE HOCKEY & ICE SKATE
CHILL-OUT
1
2
3
PICNIC 4
CHILL-OUT 5
STAGE 6
CHILL-OUT 7
CHILL-OUT
path 8
9
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TOWER
STAGE
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12
CHILL-OUT 13
PICNIC
RELAX
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labrinth journey
Ice Hockey & Skating Rink Complex
4500
4500
A
4000
Plans [1:300@A3]
4000
B
C
D
+10.50
E
F
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+8.50 H
I
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+12.00
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Roof Floor Plan [+8.50] R
23. Landscaped roof deck S
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CHILL-OUT
path
RELAX
path
SKATE
ICE HOCKEY & ICE SKATE
CHILL-OUT
PICNIC
CHILL-OUT
STAGE
CHILL-OUT
path
CHILL-OUT
TOWER
STAGE
CHILL-OUT
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RELAX
labrinth journey
Ice Hockey & Skating Rink Complex
Section A [1:200@A3]
Section B [1:200@A3]
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path
RELAX
path
SKATE
ICE HOCKEY & ICE SKATE
CHILL-OUT
PICNIC
CHILL-OUT
STAGE
CHILL-OUT
path
CHILL-OUT
TOWER
STAGE
CHILL-OUT
PICNIC
RELAX
[labrinth journey]
Ice Hockey & Skating Rink Complex sequential narrative
10:00am // Signing in for class at reception
8:00am // Entrance to building
CHILL-OUT
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path
RELAX
path
SKATE
ICE HOCKEY & ICE SKATE
CHILL-OUT
PICNIC
CHILL-OUT
STAGE
CHILL-OUT
path
CHILL-OUT
TOWER
STAGE
CHILL-OUT
PICNIC
RELAX
[labrinth journey]
Ice Hockey & Skating Rink Complex sequential narrative
3:00pm // free skate in the afternoon
12:30pm // Watching practice from the cafe
CHILL-OUT
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path
RELAX
path
SKATE
ICE HOCKEY & ICE SKATE
CHILL-OUT
PICNIC
CHILL-OUT
STAGE
CHILL-OUT
path
CHILL-OUT
TOWER
STAGE
CHILL-OUT
PICNIC
RELAX
[labrinth journey]
Ice Hockey & Skating Rink Complex sequential narrative
11:00pm // Late night stroll around the building
6:00pm // Ice skating before dinner
CHILL-OUT
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path
RELAX
path
SKATE
ICE HOCKEY & ICE SKATE
CHILL-OUT
PICNIC
CHILL-OUT
STAGE
CHILL-OUT
path
CHILL-OUT
TOWER
STAGE
CHILL-OUT
PICNIC
RELAX
[labrinth journey]
Picnic Zone
plan & section
Section [1:100@A3]
Plan [1:100@A3]
CHILL-OUT
66
CHILL-OUT
path
RELAX
path
SKATE
ICE HOCKEY & ICE SKATE
CHILL-OUT
PICNIC
CHILL-OUT
STAGE
CHILL-OUT
path
CHILL-OUT
TOWER
STAGE
CHILL-OUT
PICNIC
RELAX
[labrinth journey]
Picnic Zone axonometry
67
path
RELAX
path
SKATE
ICE HOCKEY & ICE SKATE
CHILL-OUT
PICNIC
CHILL-OUT
STAGE
CHILL-OUT
path
CHILL-OUT
TOWER
STAGE
CHILL-OUT
PICNIC
RELAX
[labrinth journey]
Urban Stage plan & section
Section [1:100@A3]
Plan [1:100@A3]
CHILL-OUT
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CHILL-OUT
path
RELAX
path
SKATE
ICE HOCKEY & ICE SKATE
CHILL-OUT
PICNIC
CHILL-OUT
STAGE
CHILL-OUT
path
CHILL-OUT
TOWER
STAGE
CHILL-OUT
PICNIC
RELAX
[labrinth journey]
Urban Stage axonometry
69
path
RELAX
path
SKATE
ICE HOCKEY & ICE SKATE
CHILL-OUT
PICNIC
CHILL-OUT
STAGE
CHILL-OUT
path
CHILL-OUT
TOWER
STAGE
CHILL-OUT
PICNIC
RELAX
[labrinth journey]
Lookout Tower plan & section
Section [1:100@A3]
Plan [1:100@A3]
CHILL-OUT
70
CHILL-OUT
path
RELAX
path
SKATE
ICE HOCKEY & ICE SKATE
CHILL-OUT
PICNIC
CHILL-OUT
STAGE
CHILL-OUT
path
CHILL-OUT
TOWER
STAGE
CHILL-OUT
PICNIC
RELAX
[labrinth journey]
Lookout Tower axonometry
71
[urban strategy]
Labrinth journey destination
CHILL-OUT
path
RELAX
path
SKATE
bike lane near the beach
ICE HOCKEY & ICE SKATE
CHILL-OUT
PICNIC
CHILL-OUT
entrance to beach
STAGE
CHILL-OUT
path
CHILL-OUT
TOWER
STAGE
CHILL-OUT
PICNIC
RELAX
beach looking at Eurooport
72