Coventry University
Interior Architecture and Design BA (Hons)
Corpoarate & Work Place Off ice Design
Leisure & Hospitality Cafe Design
19 April 2019
Education
Schools Design
Figure 1. Graffiti ( Tsang Tsou Choi 2005)
SECTORS OF INTERIOR AND ARCHITECTURE
Designed and written by
Matthew Chau Ka Chun
INTRODUCTION The aim of this report is to explain 3 sectors of interior architecture and design. This report will include the sectors of history and background. Giving out descriptions of each sector about case studies and elements. Finally there are comparison and elevation to see which sector is suitable for work.
CONTENT Work Place - Office Design
P. 4 - 5
Case Study - King Office
P. 6 - 8
Case Study - Barbarian Group Office
P. 9
Case Study - Yudo Ltd Company
P. 9
Leisure - Cafe Design
P. 10 - 11
Case Study - Hong Kong Starbucks
P. 12 - 15
Education - School Design
P. 16 - 17
Case Study - The Hive
P. 18 - 19
Case Study - Lasalle College Of The Arts
P. 20 - 21
Comparsion & Conclusion
P. 22
List of figure
P. 23
Reference
P. 24 - 25
04
SECTOR 1
WORKPLACE - OFFICE DESIGN
Figure 2. Industrial Efficiency ( Politics/Letters 2015)
Figure 3. Action Office ( Herman Miller 1964)
OFFICE is a space for working individually and cooperate with other employees. By providing general space like meeting room, working space, lounge etc. Employers can clearly understand the working flow of the whole office so that employees can work in efficiency.
In 1915s, Frederick Taylor invented an efficiency Scientific management called Taylorism that divides
works and advice workers in charge of different steps which can increase productivity and profit. (Encyclopaedia Britannica 2009)
In 1964s, the president of Herman Miller – Robert Propst invented an office space design planning
series called “Action Office”. Unlike other offices at that time that only let workers sitting in a stable area, it is flexible and workers can move around in their own space with cubicle. (CNN 2006)
05 WORKPLACE
Figure 4. Now What ( Fogarty Finger 2015)
Nowadays, many companies will important for employees that they choose open planning or cubicle can get inspiration and idea from
The trend of office design
design for their office planning. others. However other company will Some creative industries like choose cubicle design because some a d v e r t i s i n g , m e d i a e t c . w i l l employees working on sensitive
choose open planning as it is information about clients’ privacy, much easier to communicate so they need a private area to between employees. (Lifehacker concentrate on work. n.d) Also, interaction is also
Office Planning Organization of office planning is important as it generally divided into various area especially some spaces need more privacy and for personal uses.
Figure 5. Custom Office (2015)
There are various size of room in an office, for formal meeting area there are presentation spaces, teleconference room etc. For informal meeting area, there are lounge area, working area, accessing storage area etc. (Pamela Buxton 2018) Figure 6. Custom Office (2015)
06 CASE STUDY 1
CASE STUDY
King Office, Sweden An open office which is playful and fun where magic happens in every corner It is full of creativity and imagination inside the office of the game company
– King, the maker of Candy Crush Saga. Besides working area, meeting room and
lounge, the office divided into different area which makes the atmosphere of the office more playful and interesting.
The interior of the office designed in an attractive circus scheme which is colorful. In the dining area they designed a private
column that the table can spin around which looks like a carousel. Outdoor
benches and desks for people to have their meal which feels like having a picnic.
Figure 7. Pavilion Park in King Office (Adolfsson & Partners AB 2015)
CASE STUDY 1 08
CASE STUDY INFO Cilent King
Designer Adolfsson & Partners AB Year 2015
They divide working area into different colour scheme like
forest, deep sea, countryside
etc. (Sohomod 2015) They
Figure 8. Foyer in King Office (Adolfsson & Partners AB 2015)
use green, yellow and red as the color scheme to match the style of their brand.
They also put the graphic
of the gaming characters as
Figure 10. Relax area in King Office (AB 2015)
a wallpaper putting around the wall and glass. They have gaming rooms including b oa rd gam es a n d v i deo games for people to relax
Figure 9. Working space in King Office (AB 2015)
Figure 11. Game room in King Office (AB 2015)
Have you ever thought about working inside a forest, There is an indoor forest with natural features in the King office.
Green plant and fabric which looks like a rock surface for people to get inspiration. Besides plants, they use lighting
to create different season, it is an unique atmosphere to Figure 12. The Forest in King Office (AB 2015)
work and meeting in here. “A place for us to be free, in both mind and spirit,� the designers said in a press release.
There is an interactive floor which using a technological
way to present stream. When people step on it, the water will follow your path and movement, there are also fishes
and in the stream so it is like walking inside a forest. (Office Figure 13. The Forest in King Office (AB 2015)
Snapshots n.d)
09 CASE STUDY 2&3
Barbarian Group, USA
Figure 14. Barbarian Group (Clive Wilkinson Architects 2014)
CASE STUDY INFO
Figure 15. Barbarian Group (Clive Wilkinson Architects 2014)
Barbarian Group is an advertising and marketing firm based in New
Cilent Barbarian Group
York City. (Clive Wilkinson Architects 2014) The office of Barbarian
Designer Clive Wilkinson Architects
have a separate and private area like cubicle, it is a large open area
Year 2014
Group is very different from other office planning design, they don’t that all the employees work on a large curly table surrounding the workspace which feels like they are connecting with each other.
The structure of the table is made of plywood so some of
the structures can rise in curve form for the meeting area, workspace and bookshelves which feels like working inside a
tunnel. There is also a bar area which hanging galsses on the ceiling for another work space.
Figure 16. Barbarian Group (Clive Wilkinson Architects 2014)
Yudo Ltd Company, Japan
CASE STUDY INFO Cilent Yudo Ltd Company Designer Masahiro Yoshida
Figure 17. Yudo Ltd Company (Masahiro Yoshida 2014)
Figure 18. Yudo Ltd Company (Masahiro Yoshida 2014)
Year 2014
Designer chooses open planning and placed a large desk and inserted hole for people to work
inside which connect the whole office and conference room. People can work on a 360 degrees large surface desk that makes the space more useful. (Kenny Kinugasa-Tsui 2016) Besides a creative desk, the designer created a number of speaking tube and
using a colourful tone which workers can interact with clients and guests.
Figure 19. Yudo Ltd Company (Masahiro Yoshida 2014)
Figure 20. Yudo Ltd Company (Masahiro Yoshida 2014)
10
SECTOR 2
LEISURE - CAFE DESIGN
Figure 21. IAn’ Garden (Hoi An 2017)
Cafe is functioned as a social meeting and activities for over 300 years. During the seventeenth
and eighteenth century, it started to become popular in Europe and England. Nowadays, cafés are becoming more functional and user-friendly like computer terminal and Wi-Fi networks service
are added for customers rather than a place just drinking coffee and social. (Christoph Grafe and Franziska Bollerey 2007)
Besides being a social venue and selling coffee, Café also provides a comfortable and mental atmosphere for customers to enjoy their time in a public area. People can relax after work and some students like to study and chat in the cafe as it is more comfortable than sitting in a normal restaurant.
11 LEISURE
The culture of cafe design Cafe is always a popular venue for people to relax and do your own stuff quietly. Thus each country has their unique style Figure 22. Ki CafĂŠ (Seiji Oguri 2013)
and culture of cafe design, to satisfy the
local and let tourists explore the culture and interests through a cafe.
For example a cafe in Japan called Ki, they use white as the colour scheme, the atmosphere is very clear and fresh which fit the style of Japan. In Melbourne, a
cafe called Folk used an industrial style which represent the local culture. As
Melbourne is surrounding with alleys Figure 23. Code Black Coffee (Zwei Architects 2013)
and laneways. (habitusliving 2018)
Cafe Planning
Figure 24. Clipgoo
By giving a place for social activities and people to relax, cafe can divide into different areas like counter and bars, fixed table, booth seating area and sofa that customers can sit comfortably (Pamela Buxton 2018)
CASE STUDY
#Bing Sutt Corner #Vintage Movie Hong Kong
Figure 25. Bing Sutt Corner (GOD 2009)
During the 50s to 60s in Hong Kong, Bing Sutt (ice room) generally sold light meals like cold drinks, ice cream, cakes etc. But there was a change after cha chaan teng was invented for rice and noodles dishes as Western fast food restaurant and coffee shop has gradually effected Hong Kong. So Bing Sutt had to change their traditional style to a restaurant.
CASE STUDY 14
CASE STUDY INFO Cilent Starbucks
Designer G.O.D. Year 2009
Figure 26. Bing Sutt Corner (GOD 2009)
By cooperating with the
Hong Kong local artist and local lifestyle brand G.O.D.,
the theme is about Hong
Kong retro movie style and pay respect to all of the local
artists. While walking through
the entrance, you can see some Chinese writing graffiti
on both sides which is
designed by a street artist called Tsang Choi (Kowloon Emperor) from 1960 to 2007.
Figure 27. Bing Sutt Corner (GOD 2009)
All the elements of the interior decoration are Hong Kong
Vintage style like Electrical fan which hanging on an industrial open ceiling, Vintage booth seat and folding chair, unique green
and white pattern tiles, poster and handwriting menu which make a feature wall. Figure 28. Bing Sutt Corner (GOD 2009)
As you can see most of the tradiotional window frame in Hong Kong is in green colour. And the reason is lots of green painting
oils which used to paint tools of military affairs were leftover
after the second world war, so people use them to paint their daily stuff in green at the past Figure 29. Bing Sutt Corner (GOD 2009)
15 CASE STUDY O n t h e f i r s t f l o o r, t h e y u s e d
Hong Kong Culture
concrete and bricks as the main
material and an open ceiling with pipe can be seen to present a retro style. There are some local Chinese handwriting on the wall which is
representing some proverb and
advertisement. The old Hong Kong poster and graffiti can be kind of
reflect to the Hong Kong culture and histor y which may include
food, film and fashion culture in 40s Figure 30. Vintage Movie (GOD 2009)
to 70s century.
By matching the style with vintage Hong Kong style, the material of
wood and cement can be choose, and contrast in different colour
is also suitable. As in 40s to 60s centur y, Hong Kong was mixing Figure 31. Vintage Movie (GOD 2009)
Figure 32. Vintage Movie (GOD 2009)
with Western and Chinese
Figure 33. Vintage Movie (GOD 2009)
More spaces for drinking coffee and relax on the second floor, there is also a small movie area which playing Hong Kong retro movie. The red chairs and fabrics usually appear in the 60s to 70s Hong Kong cinema and there is a feature wall representing the structure of Hong Kong buildings.
This unique place creates cultural communication that people can understand more about Hong Kong history.
16
SECTOR 3
EDUCATION - SCHOOL DESIGN
Figure 34. Parson School of Design (2014)
The first school of design is Parsons School of Design founded in 1896 by William Merritt Chase, after
that they create a list of design programs like fashion design, interior decoration and commercial illustration.
From past century to the developed Modern century, the character of school are really important. In some country, their educational mode was remaind unchange. The formal and inflexible teaching
style are not suitable nowadays. Student can not learning in the classroom like a “box� and without
any interaction in teachers and students. Therefore, the design should be change, and the way of interior design can change the movement and human behaviour.
17 EDUCATION
School Planning To improve the interaction and study atmosphere in student, the common Figure 35.Isenberg School Of Management Business Innovation Hub (BIG 2019)
sitting area should be include. A flexible and casual design style are welcoming
student to use. Cafe, library and open resting area is suggested. Student can organise group project, meeting etc. to
improve the interaction between school and student.
Also, the dynamic classroom is a good way to increasing the efficiency of study. Figure 36.Isenberg School Of Management Business Innovation Hub (BIG 2019)
It can be work as a small group learning
method, teachers can walk around in the classroom by using a custom teaching method for different studen to stay close and interact with the student.
Function room can use as workshop,
technology and computer room for resource. School should supporting the
professional source and working place to
student. It can be enhancing the design Figure 37.Isenberg School Of Management Business Innovation Hub (BIG 2019)
and engineering suject.
CASE STUDY
The Hive, Singapore A Chinese "dim sum" basket shape learning hub The Hive is designed by Heather wick Studio in 2015, It is a learning hub with 56 classrooms that students can interact
with each other like gathering, group discussion etc. in various groups in a
classroom. Thomas Heatherwick said that
it is a place to have a great experience and social interaction between classmates and professor.
Figure 34. Parson School of Design (2014)
Figure 38. The Hive (Heatherwick Studio 2015)
CASE STUDY 20
CASE STUDY INFO Cilent Nanyang University Designer Heatherwick Studio Figure 39. The Hive (Heatherwick Studio 2015)
Year 2015
The structure of the concrete towers is based on the shape of Chinese “dim sum basket� and taper towards the base. By gathering 12 towers together, they leave a space in the middle to make a
courtyard. So that people can meet up and interact with others in the corridor. It feels like walking inside a forest and towers are surrounding you like trees. Also The Hive has an energy-saving
feature that natural light comes through the rooftop. Although Singapore is a hot city, they refused to install air conditioners, they use fans and an opening design which is good ventilation.
Figure 40. The Hive (Heatherwick Studio 2015)
Figure 41. The Hive (Heatherwick Studio 2015)
New generation style in teaching was using, students and teacher will not sitting and standing in a fixed and regular place. By designing the classroom in round shape. People can be more flexible
in a rounded classroom which tutor and students having a interactive and active learning, students can learn from each other in small group teaching.
By using glass between classroom and common area and corridor. As the high transparency can be connecting and improve the interactive with indoor and outdoor. The dynamic environment provide a casual, relaxing and interaction between student and professor.
While walking through the entrance, plants and green environments are surrounding. The ground floor is a cafe area and there are benches and seats for relaxation. As the school advocates group learning and social, there are a number of classrooms for group meeting and giving chance for the students to learn from each other.
21 CASE STUDY
La Salle College Of The Arts, Singapore
Figure 42. La Salle College of the arts (Heatherwick Studio 2015)
Figure 43. La Salle College of the arts (Heatherwick Studio 2015)
La Salle college is builded in 2008 and located in Singapore, it is a
design college in a subject of architectural and engineering. The
design concept is “Black Box� which turned inside out in between
CASE STUDY INFO Cilent La Salle college
interior and outside streets. The interior design in the shape of
Designer RSP Architects Planners
and shape. Glass is a major material in the structure and the high
Year 2008
the building inside which is artistic and using with different angles transparency in between middle common area the different zone.
Figure 44. La Salle College of the arts (Heatherwick Studio 2015)
Figure 45. La Salle College of the arts (Heatherwick Studio 2015)
The Semi open area of the common resting area which is covering with the fake grass. By using the grass and a flexible design, student are welcoming to sit and having different activities such as dancing, hanging out and chatting. The individual building is combined by cover a ceiling on top.
By using the glass panels, the space was offer a ways of inspiration, reflection and interaction concept, a strong team effort was increased.
COMAPARSION & CONCLUSION 22
Comparison By comparing different between three sector in office, cafe and school. School required more space classrooms for the lessons, place for relaxation comparing with the other two sector. In the other
hand, office are lower flexibility than cafe and school as it is a working place with documents and
products, staff are required do work on their own woking desk and the design form can choose either open office or cubicle
Conclusion After I researched each sector of interior and architecture design, I decide to take education design
and cafe design. as Hong Kong is lacking of school of design, Hong Kong education is still using a formal and inflexible teaching style. It is still remain in old teaching method and not improving. The
inefficient are not suitable for the new century. Design can be change the ways of teaching style and small group teaching with flexible and interactive between tutor and student can improve the learning efficiency. Hong Kong was a culture desert, lack of design and art elements.
Also I take cafe because it is a relaxing space for people in the school, also it is a relaxing place for high-tempo people that can slow down their works and enjoy different design and culture.
23 LIST OF FIGURE
List of figure 1. Figure 1. Graffiti ( Tsang Tsou Choi 2005)
2. Figure 2. Action Office ( Herman Miller 1964) 3. Figure 3. Action Office ( Herman Miller 1964) 4. Figure 4. Now What ( Fogarty Finger 2015) 5. Figure 5. Custom Office (2015) 6. Figure 6. Custom Office (2015)
7. Figure 7. Pavilion Park in King Office (Adolfsson & Partners AB 2015) 8. Figure 8 - 1. King Office (Adolfsson & Partners AB 2015) 9. Figure 9. King Office (Adolfsson & Partners AB 2015)
10. Figure 10. King Office (Adolfsson & Partners AB 2015) 11. Figure 11. King Office (Adolfsson & Partners AB 2015)
12. Figure 12. King Office (Adolfsson & Partners AB 2015) 13. Figure 13. King Office (Adolfsson & Partners AB 2015)
14. Figure 14. Barbarian Group (Clive Wilkinson Architects 2014) 15. Figure 15. Barbarian Group (Clive Wilkinson Architects 2014) 16. Figure 16. Barbarian Group (Clive Wilkinson Architects 2014) 17. Figure 17. Yudo Ltd Company (Masahiro Yoshida 2014)
18. Figure 18. Yudo Ltd Company (Masahiro Yoshida 2014) 19. Figure 19. Yudo Ltd Company (Masahiro Yoshida 2014)
20. Figure 20. Yudo Ltd Company (Masahiro Yoshida 2014) 21. Figure 21. IAn’ Garden (Hoi An 2017) 22. Figure 22. Ki CafÊ (Seiji Oguri 2013)
23. Figure 23. Code Black Coffee (Zwei Architects 2013) 24. Figure 24. Clipgoo
25. Figure 25. Bing Sutt Corner (GOD 2009) 26. Figure 26. Bing Sutt Corner (GOD 2009) 27. Figure 27. Bing Sutt Corner (GOD 2009)
28. Figure 28. Bing Sutt Corner (GOD 2009) 29. Figure 29. Bing Sutt Corner (GOD 2009) 30. Figure 30. Vintage Movie (GOD 2009) 31. Figure 31. Vintage Movie (GOD 2009)
32. Figure 32. Vintage Movie (GOD 2009) 33. Figure 33. Vintage Movie (GOD 2009)
34. Figure 34. Parson School of Design (2014)
35. Figure 35 - 37. Isenberg School Of Management Business Innovation Hub (BIG 2019)019 36. Figure 38 - 41. The Hive (Heatherwick Studio 2015)
37. Figure 42 - 45. La Salle College Of The Art (RSP 2008)
REFERENCE 24
Reference Encyclopaedia Britannica (2009) Taylorism scientific management system [online] available from < https://www.britannica.com/science/Taylorism> [August 2018]
CNN (2006) Cubicles: The great mistake [online] available from < https://money.cnn. com/2006/03/09/magazines/fortune/cubicle_howiwork_fortune/index.htm?cnn=yes/> [March 2006]
Offices (Pamela Buxton 2018: 30-11) Selling coffee and more - differentiation and diversification (Christoph Grafe and Franziska Bollerey 2007: 06-07)
Lifehacker (n.d) Is Open Office Really Better Than Cubicles? [online] available from < https://money. cnn.com/2006/03/09/magazines/fortune/cubicle_howiwork_fortune/index.htm?cnn=yes/> [n.d]
Sohomod (2015) King Candy Crush Saga Office in Stockholm [online] available from < https://www.
sohomod.com/blog/king-candy-crush-saga-office-in-stockholm-sweden-by-adolfsson-partnersab/> [July 2015]
Office Snapshots (n.d) King Offices â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Stockholm [online] available from < https://officesnapshots. com/2016/08/08/king-offices-stockholm/> [n.d]
Clive Wilkinson Architects (2014) Barbarian Group, New York [online] available from < https:// clivewilkinson.com/portfolio_page/the-barbarian-group/> [2014]
Clive Wilkinson Architects (2014) Barbarian Group, New York [online] available from < https:// clivewilkinson.com/portfolio_page/the-barbarian-group/> [2014]
REFERENCE 25
Yudo Ltd Company Office (Kenny Kinugasa-Tsui 2016: 29) Cafe and bars - place for sociability (Christoph Grafe and Franziska Bollerey 2007: 06 - 07) Habitusliving (2018) A Cultural Guide To CafĂŠ Design [online] available from < https://www. habitusliving.com/design-hunters/cultural-guide-cafe-design> [2018]
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