PORTFOLIO
BSC (HONS) ARCHITECTURE DESIGN STUDIO VI 2020 UNIT F
WONG CHEE YAN | 黄治谚 1001643445
CONTENTS Architecture Design Studio VI
Chapter 1: The Tales of Borneo Chapter 2: Forgotten Craft, Abandoned Culture Chapter 3: Revive and Celebrate Detail Drawings
Chapter 1:
The Tales of Borneo
UNITF: Unveiling The Sea Gypsies The Tales of Borneo investigates the lives of Sea Nomads of the prehistoric site along the southeastern cosat of Sabah. The captivating wonders and alluring scenery of Semporna, its rich cultural heritage, traditions, customs and ethnic diversity reinforce Semporna City as a unique microcosm of society. Kampung Bangau-Bangau, an indigenous village of the Sea Gypsies (Bajau Laut) was chosen as the proposed site for UNIT F to formulate conceptual narrative design projects that are based on the pre-set themes which are, 1. The Anthropocence Ocean 2. Bajau’s Socio-Culture and Community 3. The Architecture of Materiality and its Cutural Heritage
THE TALES OF BORNEO Project Brief and Site Introduction
NEARBY ISLAND
KAMPUNG BANGAU-BANGAU SATELLITE VIEW
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INTRODUCTION OF THE MODEL Semporna is well known for its crystal clear ocean and collection of beautiful islands. People visit Semporna for diving, island hoping and seafood. Kampung Bangau-Bangau, an indigenous village of the Bajau Laut is rarely seen and often left unnoticed by the public. The aim of this model (Noticing the Unnoticed) will bring everyone to dissect Kampung Bangau-Bangau and unveil a series of hidden tales of the village.
NOTICING THE UNNOTICED Project 01: Cartographic Narrative Model
Hidden Tale 1: The Lepa
Hidden Tale 2: Migration
The Bajau Laut were once sea nomads. They do not own any permanent house. They live in their handmade timber houseboat called Lepa for their whole life. Lepa was an essential element in the life of Bajau Laut.
Most of the Bajau Laut in this village were from Philippine. Within the last fifty years, many of the Filipino Bajau has migrated to Malaysia due to political issues.
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Land (Semporna)
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Nomadic Life of Bajau Laut
TRANSFORMATION OF THE WAY OF 2 LIVING Open Sea
Bajau’s Daily life is also inseparable from the boat. Boat is interpreted as their own “feet” that created their existence on the sea as their homeland. Boat naturally used as both of a transportation media and living place. They scattered across the sea. Initially, the Bajau Laut people lives nomadic on houseboat which also called Lepa and did all the daily activities such as sleeping, eating, fishing, defecating and etc on the boat.
(Philipines)
Hidden Tale 3: The Stilt Housing Evolution
Hidden Tale 4: Modern Boats
The Bajau Laut started to stay in stilt houses due to strict border controls. Size and layout of the house evolves as time goes. The village becomes more packed and denser when more Bajau settled down.
Due to modernization, the Bajau started to opted for modern boat equipped with engine rather than traditional timber boat. We cannot deny that modern boat is much convenient but this is also causing them to lose their traditional timber boat making culture.
Hidden Tale 5: they the are moving by UnableEventough to Access they occasionally meet the other Public Facilities and have some interactions be Sometimes the they gather In the model, land their boat it to make some interactions betwe part is built man slightly will fishing hightogether while the play and the woman will have time er than meal the together. sea (acrylic When they have so need other family sheet), that indicating the to help, the another boat. Bajaus are unable to access the facilities as they are not granted with any citizenship.
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With Light C0NCLUSION OF THE MODEL A site plan of Kampung Bangau-Bangau can actually be found on the acrylic sheet. It is nearly not visible. However, with light shines on the acrylic, it can clearly be seen. This is representing right now Kampung Bangau-Bangau is nearly unnoticeable for the public. However, it can actually be noticed, shine and rise if a proper solution is provided to counter their issues. In the upcoming projects, the proposal provided will be act as the light that will help Kampung Bangau-Bangau to rise.
NOTICING THE UNNOTICED Project 01: Cartographic Narrative Model
Hidden Tale 6: Trapped in the Abyss
Hidden Tale 7: Social Issues Arising
Peek to the bottom of the stilt houses, a mirror was inserted, reflecting the bottom of the packed stilt houses, indicating the Bajaus are trapped in this abyss as they cannot access to the facilities on land or roam freely in the sea.
Due to the absence of citizenship. Issues such as poverty, drug addiction, uneducated, fish bombing and more has occurred. In this model, the issues can be found on the mirror. This is the main unnoticed part of the whole model.
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Hidden Tale 8: Modern Boats Arising
Hidden Tale 9: Weaving & Materiality
Hidden Tale 10: Seascape as the Guide
The Boggo-boggo is also common in among the Bajau Laut community. It is a smaller outrigger boat. The Bajau Laut will use the boggo-boggo to travel for fishing as it is much convenient and easy to control due to its small size and light weight
The traditional weaving and patterns used among the Bajau Laut are dimnishing. Due to modernization, the materials they used are shifting into man-made materials rather than the raw materials, resulting lost of originality and authenticity of the Bajau culture.
How Bajau Laut sense the direction under the sea? They utilize the seascape as their guide. Therefore, seascape is very crucial to them. In this model, nails are found between the seabed (model base) and sea (acrylic sheet), representing the seascape.
Chapter 2:
Forgotten Craft, Abandoned Culture
INTERNAL DIVISIONS AND USES OF THE LEPA HOUSEBOAT • The forward area of the lepa is associated with men and male activities, while the stern is associated with women and female activities. • While the bow is reserved chiefly for fishing, poling, manning the sails, hauling and storing nets, all principally male activities. • While at sea, family members sleep and store their extra clothing and other personal effects in the midsection living area. • The midsection living area also has a lateral kokan or “headside”. The kokan is the primary locus of rituals within a boat, a focus of family life and wellbeing and the principal physical link between a family and the ancestors, including its own particular ancestors. • The stern (buli’) of the boat is used mainly for cooking and for stowing water jars (kibut), firewood, and food stores (lutu). The family’s earthenware hearth is also kept here. The stern is thus associated with female tasks, such as preparing meals.
THE LEPA HOUSEBOAT Project 01: Research Documentation
BOW
MEN ACTIVITIES
MIDSECTION
STERN
FAMILY LIVING QUARTER
WOMEN ACTIVITIES
• Bajau Laut’s Traditional Rituals on Boat • Rituals of Boat Construction • Disappearance of Lepa • The Regatta Lepa Festival
BAJAU LAUT’S TRADITIONAL RITUALS ON BOAT • Some villagers are believed to possess spells capable of causing storms to abate at sea, but otherwise there is little magic associated with either navigation or fishing. • Boats may be treated with spells (haligmun) before the owner embarks on a long journey, to render them invisible to pirates or to make them impervious to bullets (panglias) • If a boat crew experiences serious difficulty at sea, the boat owner may make a pledge to the ancestors. If they are delivered from danger, he will sponsor prayers and a feast of thanksgiving upon their return to the village. Similarly, family members at home may make a pledge if a crew fails to return when expected or is otherwise believed to be in danger.
RITUALS OF BOAT CONSTRUCTION
First ritual—the joining of the keel to the bow and stern posts • Accompanied by offerings and prayers • The pieces are assembled with tenon joints, with the keel, representing the “female” part, and the stem and stern posts,as the “male” parts. • Their union symbolically represents sexual intercourse and the “conception” of the boat.
THE LEPA HOUSEBOAT Project 01: Research Documentation
Second ritual—the drilling of the “navel” • Once the main structure of the boat has been completed, a “navel” is drilled into the keel. Followed immediately after the launching of the boat. • Typically performed by a ritual expert. The boat is now given “life” (nyawa) - which is believed to reside in the navel and vitality or life-force, so that it is animated with volition, may seek out wealth and protect its owner. • The boat now becomes the “child” of the owner and his wife who are thereby charged with its care.
DISAPPEARANCE OF LEPA • Building lepa requires large amount of wood. However, the lowland forests in Semporna are decreasing, and wood, available through local sawmills, has become increasingly expensive, resulting in the appearance of new types of boats and the disappearance, during the last two decades, of the lepa. • In 1979, although lepa were still occasionally built, they were rapidly being replaced at the time as the main fishing boat by motorboat, a plank-constructed vessel powered by a small inboard engine of 10-16 hp. • Without the lepa’s solid keel, bow and stern sections, the pombot was much cheaper to build, requiring much less timber, and its inboard engine was far more dependable and efficient. • Moreover, in the years that followed, the motorboat proved to be a highly adaptable vessel and has since undergone a proliferation of design modifications fitting it to a variety of different uses, from fishing to ferrying passengers. • In 1994, the villagers had completely ceased building lepa and these elegant boats, once so inseparably identified with the Bajau Laut, were now only a fading memory.
THE REGATTA LEPA FESTIVAL • • • •
Annual event held in April in Semporna that lasts 2-3 days To keep the tradition of making lepa alife During the festival, lepa boats float in the harbour of Semporna jetty Each lepa represents a different family and village from the region and a competition is held to pick the most beautifully decorated lepa
Other highlights of the festival include marine sporting activities such as the: • Lepa tug of war; • Kelleh-kelleh (small dugout boa) race • Duck catching competition. • Celebrations extend into the night, with karaoke, cultural music and igal-igal dance performances, beauty contests, fireworks display
The Briefcase It is given by an old traditional Lepa maker, Adlan who is waiting for his time to come. Adlan has written a letter and included in the briefcase. In this letter, he has stated the issues of diminishing culture that the Bajau are facing now and has requested for help.
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What’s inside? 1. A vintage map marking the Bajau settlements across Southeast Asia 2. A letter written from a Lepa maker 3. The Lepa construction manual 4. Footage of the traditional Lepa houseboat 5. Timber joinery model made by using the joinery used in Lepa making 6. Modules of experimental models 7. A to scaled Lepa model built according to the exact parts of a Lepa
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The Lepa Houseboat Construction Manual
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Letter from the Lepa maker In this letter, Adlan stated that, due to modernisation and stricter border controls, the Bajau Laut has changed their way of life from nomading in the ocean into staying permanently close to the land. This has caused them to lose their identity where their traditional culture of boat dwelling and boat making has been abandoned. Adlan has requested me to utilize the items in the briefcase to promote, celebrate and revive the art of traditional timber boat making and the culture of boat dwelling.
Footage of the traditional Lepa houseboat
Experimental Models Inspired by the dowel joint used in the boat making, these models are showing what if dowel joint is improved and it can allow the joined parts to move or rotate. Does it contribute to the boat making industry? These models were connected with sticks inserted into the holes on two pieces of wood, which just like the dowel joint. After this experiment, an inspiration has obtained, which is the harmony between modern system and traditional craft. Eg, how can these rotating, extruding, extending systems can aid the process of traditional craft. Results can be seen in the proposed building.
Chapter 3: Revive and Celebrate
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Proposed Parking Area Proposed Jetty Redesigned Existing Bridge Main Building Existing Restuarant Existing Mosque The Lepa Chalet Regatta Lepa Stage/Jetty
OVERALL MASTERPLAN AERIAL VIEW
INSPIRATION:
The Art of Wood Bending in Boat Making
Curved Timber Roof with a strip of skylight, providing focused lighting on the boat making and boat repairing zones
BUILDING FORM
INSPIRATION:
Ocean | Waves
RHYTHMIC
+
DYNAMIC
Building Facade Closed-up View Timber strips facade provides natural light and ventilation to the working zones. The facade at top floor is glazed to exposed the cable boats to the public, showcasing the harmony between modern system and traditional craft
BUILDING FACADE
ABOVE SEA LEVEL PLAN
GROUND FLOOR PLAN
FIRST FLOOR PLAN (DOUBLE VOLUM
ME)
SECOND FLOOR PLAN
ROOF PLAN
MAIN BUILDING EXTERIOR VIEW
SECTIONAL PERSPECTIVE CUTTING THROUGH SCIS
SSOT LIFT
SECTIONAL PERSPECTIVE CUTTING THROUGH ROTA
ATING PLATFORM
The Real Experience of Boat Dwelling at
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68750 10620
6530
17100
6530
10620
5150
7100
A Landscape
Landscape
Landscape
7925
Storage
Washroom(F)
Jan. Serv.
Washroom(M)
Laundry
B
LEPA CHALET LAYOUT PLAN
Landscape
Storage Shared Kitchen & Dining Laundry
Washroom(F)
Jan. Serv.
Washroom(M)
Landscape
Lobby
5100
t the Lepa Chalet
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14825 895
2040
6900
2040
2950
1310
A Living Quarter
2620
Open Space
Open Space
1310
B C
LEPA CHALET TYPE A TYPE A LEPA CHALET SCALE 1:50
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11980 715
2045
4800
2045
1285
A Living Quarter
2570
Open Space
Open Space
1285
B C
LEPA CHALET TYPE B TYPE B LEPA CHALET SCALE 1:50
PERMOHONAN CADANGAN PEMBANGUNAN 2 BLOK KOMERSIAL DI ATAS LOT 11143, KAMPUNG BANGAU-BANGAU, PEKAN SEMPORNA, 91308 SEMPORNA, SABAH UNTUK : CJY (M) SDN BHD
................................................ WCY Architect Sdn Bhd
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UCSI University School of Architecture & Built Environment Bachelor of Science in Architecture Architecture Design Studio 6 (UNIT F) Tutor: Ar. Farah Aliza Dr. Ng Kheng Khoon Ashran Bahari Ar. Hisham Saihari Shamsul Akmal