kitchen

 

EF‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

٣

١٠٧



 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ١٤٤

 ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬

 ?‫?א‬‫א‬



 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  W‫א‬‫א‬  

 ‫א‬

 ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    W‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

K١

K٢

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٣  ٪١٠٠‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  W‫א‬‫א‬  W‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K١

  K٢

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٣

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٤

 

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬    

١٠٨

 

 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ١٤٤

 ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬

 ?‫?א‬‫א‬



 

  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  pathogens ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬٣٢٥٠٠٠‫א‬ Food ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٥٢٠٠

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K Borne Illness ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬E٢٠٠٤FEWHOF‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ EFDA)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢٥ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ١٤٤

 ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬

 ?‫?א‬‫א‬

 



،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬،custard ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬   ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬٪٥٥،‫א‬‫א‬٢٧٠٠٠ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٪٢٤ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٪٣ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،NAUSEA‫א‬TOXINS‫א‬ ‫א‬ ،ABDOMINAL CRAMPS AND ABDOMINAL PAIN، VOMITING  ‫א‬‫א‬KBLOODY DIARRHEA DIARRHEA ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E،،،F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬  ،E.Coli O157:H7 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E‫א‬F ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ١٤٤

 ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬

 ?‫?א‬‫א‬



 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ E.Coli ‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬



‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬



‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬



‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬W ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬    

١١١

 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ١٤٤

 ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬

 ?‫?א‬‫א‬

 



 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١

،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٢  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٣  K‫א‬‫א‬

 

‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K  W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫ א‬K١  K‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬ K٢  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٣  K‫א‬‫א‬ K٤  K‫א‬…‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٥  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٦  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٧

 

 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  KE٣٥ J٢٥F‫א‬‫א‬ J١  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٢  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ J٣

١١٢

 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ١٤٤

 ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬

 ?‫?א‬‫א‬



 

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٤  K‫א‬ J٥  W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J١  ‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬ J  KE٤٨ J٢F ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J  W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J٢  W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  J K ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ، ‫א‬ J  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫ א‬K١  K‫א‬‫ א‬K٢  K‫א‬‫ א‬K٣  K‫א‬‫ א‬K٤  K‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٥ K‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٦ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K١  K‫ א‬K٢  K‫ א‬K٣

١١٣

 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ١٤٤

 ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬

 ?‫?א‬‫א‬



 

 K‫א‬‫ א‬K٤ K‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٥ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬…‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ F ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،  E  K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬W ‫א‬٪٨٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ Clostridium perfringins . J١ Staph. aureus .‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J٢ ‫א‬‫א‬  Vibiro species  J٣

V.Parahaemolylicus.

Bacillus cereus . J٤ Salmonella .  J٥ Clostridium batulinum . J٦ Shigella. J٧ Toxiginic E.coli.‫א‬ J٨   Campylobacter . J٩

١١٤

 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ١٤٤

 ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬

 ?‫?א‬‫א‬



 

Yersinier .  J١٠ Listeria . J١١   Aeromonas‫א‬  J١٢

   W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   ،F‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E،، :‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬ K١

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ : ‫א‬K٢

‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E،،،F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  

 W‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬Intravitam infection‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

١١٥

 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ١٤٤

 ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬

 ?‫?א‬‫א‬



 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KPostmortem inspection ‫א‬

،Septicemia‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬Emergency slautbering‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬intoxication ‫א‬

،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Ebotulism ‫א‬‫א‬FCl.botulinum

‫א‬ Enterotoxin of Staphilococcus aureus ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬KSalmonella ‫א‬

‫א‬Salmonella Spp., Perfringens,non– specific bacteria ) Toxi – infection

 KEKK‫א‬،‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

 Salmonella Spp.‫א‬E١

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬٢٤١٢

KE‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬،،F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

K٤٨‫א‬‫א‬KE‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬F‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬

١١٦

 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ١٤٤

 ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬

 ?‫?א‬‫א‬



 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EKK‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬     Clostridium Perfringens‫א‬E٢ ‫א‬K٢٤‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬٢٢٨‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ) Cl Perfringens ‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E،‫א‬L

‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬

 Vibrio parahaemolyticus‫א‬E٣ ‫א‬Halotrophic‫א‬Psychro ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ Toxi infection ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EKKK

،١٨١٥‫א‬‫א‬KEF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

١١٧

 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ١٤٤

 ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬

 ?‫?א‬‫א‬

 



‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Enterotoxin      Clostridium botulinumEF‫א‬E٤ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬

.(A, B, ‫א‬٦K‫א‬

Psichrophylic ) C,D, ( Mesophylic ) A,B ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬C, D, E, F)

  Cl. Botulinum ( E,F )‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣٦١٢

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬،٪٥٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K

 K‫א‬،‫א‬٦٣

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KE°١٠F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬  

Staph. Spp.E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٥

‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬EKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

١١٨

 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ١٤٤

 ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬

 ?‫?א‬‫א‬

 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬



‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E°١٠F

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬  E  F ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٦  ١ ،،   E‫א‬F   ‫א‬،، Staphylococcus spp  ٤٢  ‫א‬‫א‬،  ( enterotoxin )  ‫א‬ ٤٨  ٦  ،،‫א‬    Salmonella spp.  ‫א‬، ٢٤  ١٢ ،‫א‬ ‫א‬ ٢٢  ٨      Cl. Perfringens ١٨  ١٢ ‫א‬، ١٨  ٣ ‫א‬ ، ‫א‬‫א‬ Bacillus cereus,  Proteus, E. coli

 ‫א‬

٢٤  ٨ ، ،،‫א‬    ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٧١٥ ٢٤١٢ ،، ،   ‫א‬ ،،‫א‬،‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  

Vibrio Parahemolyticus

 

 Campylobacter‫א‬E٦ C. Jejuni ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

١١٩

 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ١٤٤

 ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬

 ?‫?א‬‫א‬



 

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ C. coli

CrossContamination ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬    Listeria monocytogenes‫א‬E٧ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    Shigella‫א‬E٨ ،bacillary dysentry E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 K٪١‫א‬‫א‬    Aeromonas spp.‫א‬E٩ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬،٢٤١٨،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 K  

 Cholera‫א‬‫א‬E١٠ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،

‫א‬‫א‬EWHO)‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

،‫א‬‫א‬Vibrio cholerae‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

١٢٠

 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ١٤٤

 ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬

 ?‫?א‬‫א‬



 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K٥‫א‬K  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  

 W‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

Patulin ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Aspergillus flavus ‫א‬

‫א‬Zearalenon ‫א‬‫א‬Citrinin ‫א‬Ochratoxin ‫א‬‫א‬

 K Rubratoxin ‫א‬‫א‬Tremortin ‫א‬Penicilin acid   Aflatoxins ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،(WHO 1983F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬

،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F  ،‫א‬‫א‬

١٢١

 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ١٤٤

 ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬

 ?‫?א‬‫א‬

 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬



‫א‬KE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬ ‫א‬،1960‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E١٩٧٥F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬E،،F‫א‬  K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬٣٠٠ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ، ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EFAOF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

١٢٢

 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ١٤٤

 ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬

 ?‫?א‬‫א‬

 

،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬



‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ENeurotoxicF‫א‬ECardotoxinF‫א‬ENephrotoxicF‫א‬EHepatotoxicF  KECarcinotoxinF‫א‬EGastrotoxiF‫א‬‫א‬EDramatotoxinF‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬ ‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٪٦٪٨{٨‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ HHH‫א‬H‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  KEH

١٢٣

 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ١٤٤

 ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬

 ?‫?א‬‫א‬

 

‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬



‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ( G1 JB1F‫א‬ ‫א‬،A1‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   Viral Poisoning‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٪١٠‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    Hepatitis A virus‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Shellfish ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    

١٢٤

 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ١٤٤

 ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬

 ?‫?א‬‫א‬



 

 Parasites‫א‬‫א‬

 Giardia Lamblia‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،E١٠C١٥F‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

   Cryptosporidium parvum ‫א‬Cryptosporidiosis ‫א‬‫א‬ K٤٠٠‫א‬‫א‬١٩٩٣،Travelers diarrhea ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    Toxoplasma gondii ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Toxoplasmosis ‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬

١٢٥

 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ١٤٤

 ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬

 ?‫?א‬‫א‬



 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    W‫א‬‫א‬W   W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Chemical Poisoning‫א‬‫א‬ Chlorinated Hydrocarbons‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١F

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Pesticides‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬Lindane‫א‬Dieldrin‫א‬‫א‬Aldrine‫א‬

‫א‬KCarbendiazim‫א‬Chlordane‫א‬‫א‬Methoxychlor  ‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 .Pesticide Residues ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

١٢٦

 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ١٤٤

 ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬

 ?‫?א‬‫א‬



 

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    WOrganophosphates‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢F ‫א‬‫א‬(Phorate)‫א‬Shardan‫א‬‫א‬Demeton‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬Diazinone‫א‬‫א‬Malathion‫א‬Parathion  K‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬K‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬

 WHerbicides ‫א‬‫א‬E٣F CabargeSinine ‫א‬Carbamates‫א‬

 K‫א‬ Phenoxy Compounds‫א‬

Simazine Atrazine‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Dinoseb Dinitrophenol،‫א‬‫א‬

 K 

WFungicides‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٤F ‫א‬‫א‬Scab‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Captan‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬  

 WRodenticides‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٥F ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬?‫א‬‫?א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  

١٢٧

 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ١٤٤

 ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬

 ?‫?א‬‫א‬



 

 WFood Additives‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٦F ‫א‬ Antioxidants ‫א‬‫א‬Antispoilage Agents‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬ Flavor Enhancers‫א‬Flavrings   ‫א‬Nutrients  K Sweeteners‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ Alkaline ‫א‬‫א‬Acidulants

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،   K  

WHeavy Metals‫א‬‫א‬E٧F E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  

WAntibiotics ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٨F ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،١٩٨٧١٩٨٠‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬(WHOF‫א‬‫א‬١٩٨٩‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EFAO‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬

١٢٨

 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ١٤٤

 ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬

 ?‫?א‬‫א‬



 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

 WHormones ‫א‬E٩F Oestrogen‫א‬Progestrone‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Testosterone‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬  

 WProgestrones‫א‬E١٥F ،‫א‬Oestradiol‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬  

 WTestosterone‫א‬ J ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،

‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬Trenbolone‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Zeranol

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

١٢٩

 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ١٤٤

 ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬

 ?‫?א‬‫א‬

 



 W K١

،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K

 W‫א‬‫א‬ K٢

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬

 W‫א‬ K٣

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬

 

W‫א‬‫א‬W  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  W‫א‬  W‫א‬‫א‬E  W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١ ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬  

١٣٠

 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ١٤٤

 ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬

 ?‫?א‬‫א‬

 



 W‫א‬٢

‫א‬،‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬  W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KF ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  W‫א‬٤ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  W‫א‬٥ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ١٤٤

 ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬

 ?‫?א‬‫א‬



 

،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    W‫א‬‫א‬E ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  W‫א‬‫א‬١ ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ،،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬  K  W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    W‫א‬E ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  W‫א‬،‫א‬

١٣٢

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١

 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ١٤٤

 ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬

 ?‫?א‬‫א‬

 

،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬



،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K ‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  W‫א‬٢ ‫א‬،‫א‬



 K‫א‬  W‫א‬٣ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬



 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬  W‫א‬‫א‬٤  W‫א‬٥  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  W‫א‬‫א‬٦  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

   W‫א‬‫א‬E ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  W‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،    

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 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ١٤٤

 ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬

 ?‫?א‬‫א‬



 

 W‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٨٢‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   W‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬ ،F‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬E‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

١٣٤

 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ١٤٤

 ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬

 ?‫?א‬‫א‬



 

٪٣٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬



‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    ‫؟‬ : ‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬ .‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  . ‫א‬‫א‬  .  ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ١٤٤

 ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬

 ?‫?א‬‫א‬



 

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ J١  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬  K E°٣٥ J٢٥F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٢  K‫א‬E°٥F‫א‬E°٥٠F‫א‬ J٣  .‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٤  K‫א‬‫א‬ J٥  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٦  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٧  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٨  K‫א‬‫א‬ J٩  W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ :‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   W‫א‬‫א‬ W ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ‫א‬،،‫א‬‫א‬ K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬

١٣٦

 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ١٤٤

 ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬

 ?‫?א‬‫א‬



 

 W‫א‬W ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E°١٥‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬°٥٢°٥٢–٥٠‫א‬  K‫א‬    W‫א‬ ‫א‬W ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬   W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫؛‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬،KKK،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K١

١٣٧

 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ١٤٤

 ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬

 ?‫?א‬‫א‬

 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬



‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬ K٢ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬،

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫ א‬K٣

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

،F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  KE…،

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ ، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬،EF‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬

١٣٨

 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ١٤٤

 ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬

 ?‫?א‬‫א‬

 



 K‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬K‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ FMSG‫ـ‬monosodium glutamate‫א‬ ‫א‬،E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

١٣٩

 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ١٤٤

 ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬

 ?‫?א‬‫א‬



 

‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٤

‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L‫א‬K‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 KE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬

‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٥

‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬E

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،Ex‫א‬z‫א‬‫א‬x‫א‬z

 K‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٦ ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٪٥٠‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬

١٤٠

 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ١٤٤

 ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬

 ?‫?א‬‫א‬

 

‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  F‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EH٢F‫א‬،E٧٥  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KE‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬KE ١٦١٠F‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬E F‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

١٤١



 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ١٤٤

 ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬

 ?‫?א‬‫א‬

 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K ‫א‬W‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬?‫?א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F  K‫א‬‫א‬ F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬KE‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

١٤٢



 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ١٤٤

 ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬

 ?‫?א‬‫א‬

 

 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬



‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬    W‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬،،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬،E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬ ‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬ K٢٠٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬

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 

 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ١٤٤

 ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬

 ?‫?א‬‫א‬

 



‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬– ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬                            

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 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ١٤٤

 ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬

 ?‫?א‬‫א‬



 

  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EF،‫א‬‫א‬EFW‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١

EFK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ EF ٦٥٤‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢   

 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣  EF‫א‬  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٤  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬‫א‬٥ 

 EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

     K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

١٤٥

 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ١٤٤

 ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬

 ?‫?א‬‫א‬



 

 ‫א‬    W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   J٥ J٤ J٣ J٢ J١    W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬W ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬    W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬

K١

 K‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬

K٢

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

K٣

 K‫א‬‫א‬

K٤

 K‫א‬…‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

K٥

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

K٦

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

K٧



 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  KE٣٥ J٢٥F‫א‬‫א‬ J١

١٤٦

 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ١٤٤

 ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬

 ?‫?א‬‫א‬



 

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٢  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ J٣  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٤    W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K١  K‫ א‬K٢  K‫ א‬K٣  K‫א‬‫ א‬K٤ K‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٥

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬     W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ J١  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬  K E°٣٥ J٢٥F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٢

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 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ١٤٤

 ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬

 ?‫?א‬‫א‬

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 

 K‫א‬E°٥F‫א‬E°٥٠F‫א‬ J٣  .‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٤  K‫א‬‫א‬ J٥  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٦  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٧  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٨   W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬ W ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ،،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬ ،،‫א‬‫א‬  K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬    K‫א‬W ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E°١٥‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ١٤٤

 ‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬

 ?‫?א‬‫א‬



 

‫א‬°٥٢°٥٢–٥٠‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬    K‫א‬ ‫א‬W ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬

 

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J١  K‫א‬ J٢  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٣  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٤ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٥  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٦ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٧

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