Chihyun Landscape Architecture Portfolio by chih yun hsieh

CHIH-YUN HSIEH LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE PORTFOLIO

CHIH-YUN HSIEH Email: t113yun@gmail.com Telephone: +44 7307118867 Address: Apartment 14, The Chimes, 18 Vicar Lane, Sheffield, S1 2EH

EDUCATION 2019 Sep. - 2021 Sep. University Of Sheffield, UK

Landscape Architecture (MA) International Merit Postgraduate Scholarship

2017 Jul. - 2017 Aug. University Of California, Berkeley, U.S.A

ABOUT WORK EXPERIENCE DS International Environmental DimensionStudios

Intern

Taipei, Taiwan 2020 June. - 2020 Aug.

- Executed the construction drawings, site plan, and section with AutoCad - Rendered the presentation drawing with SketchUp and Lumion in new campus planning project - Designed park guide board and plants explanation boards

NF Engineering Consultants

Taipei, Taiwan 2017 Oct. - 2018 Jun.

Intern

-Developed the poster for local revitalisation activity by usiung Illustrator - Produced the conceptual design, site plan, and final presentation drawing with Photoshop - Designed directional trail signs

G-DESIGN Company

Taichung, Taiwan 2016 Jul. - 2016 Aug.

Intern

Design & Innovation For Sustainable Cities [5 credits, A grade]

- Drew the site plan, sections for private house garden design with Photoshop, and Illustrator - Utilised AutoCad to export site plan, construction plan, and calculate green coverage ratio

2014 Sep. - 2018 Jun. Fu Jen Catholic University, Taiwan

KNOWLEDGE & SKILLS

Landscape Architecture (BA) GPA 3.7/4.0 Landscape Architecture self-learning scholarship (2017) Dr. Yau Memorial Award-Design excellence award (2016) Academic excellence award (2015)

Pratical Skills Model making Photography Hand drawing

Computer Skills Adobe Photoshop Adobe Illustrator Adobe InDesign AutoCAD

Sketchup ArgGIS Lumion Rhino

CONTENT PROJECT EXPERIENCE Landscape Architecture Students’ Thesis Design Taipei, Taiwan 2018 May. Exhibition In Taiwan

01.

BRING NATURE TO GOOLE Create Lively & safe

02.

UNLOCK THE NATURE Sheffield Regional Development Plan

03.

URBAN FOREST Sheffield landscape urbanism and design

04.

LVIA WIND ENERGE DEVELOPMENT Wind energy strategy for west sheffield

05.

ENERGY LOOP Waterway and green-corridor space design planning

06.

OTHER WORKS Planting and construction detail hand drawing and model making

-Exhibited undergraduate graduation project at major gallery

Smart Eco Community Design Competition

-Outlined small scale regional public space design for future elder society, and was nominated by the competition

Taipei, Taiwan 2017 Aug.

Taipei, Taiwan Pernod Ricard Industry-Academy Cooperative 2017 Mar. - 2017 Jun. Public Art Donation Design -Designed installation art by using wine bottles displayed at Treasure

Hill Artist Village

Taipei, Taiwan Multidisciplinary Dialogues Of Aesthetic -Practised in designing and making installation art related to same- 2016 Nov.

sex marriage equality

VOLUNTARY WORK & WORKSHOP Cross-strait college student tradition and modern garden Tianjin, China 2017 Sep. culture workshop Volunteered in humanistic education foundation environmental Taipei, Taiwan 2015 Jul. sustainability camp Japan satoyama–satoumi ecosystems and human well-being Shiga, Japan 2015 Jan.- 2015 Feb. workshop

01. BRING NATURE TO GOOLE: Create Lively & Safe Town

Location Sheffield, UK Type Academic/Individual work Carrying Out Date May, 2021

There are many things happen in the 21st century, so the safety of the living space is very important. The Towns Fund has presented a fantastic opportunity to level up the town. How to build an adaptable, safe and liveable city under the pressure of climate change and the environment is the task for Goole. Create a safe and livable city for human and wildlife is what I want to do for Goole, and bring vitality and color to the entire town, no longer a small town that is easy to be forgotten. The feeling that the current Goole is boring and common declining industrial town, through plant a lot plants, add new green space, multiple facilities and new house and cooperate with the current government planning to create more suitable settlements. Follow more resilient approaches to growth and informed development that incorporates resilient tactics will ensure long-term resilience in uncertain climate scenarios.

INTRODUCTION & THEORY BASES There are many things happen in the 21st century, so the safety of the living spcae is very important.The Towns Fund has presented a fantastic opportunity to level up the town. How to build an adaptable, safe and liveable city under the pressure of climate change and the environment is the task for Goole.

PROBLEM FACING Easy to flooding

No attractiveness

RESILIENT CITIES

LOW IMPACT DEVELOPMENT

focuses on the "resilience" and "resilience" of cities in the face of uncertain shocks. Tolerance emphasizes the city's capacity to minimise the disturbances caused by shocks, while resilience focuses on the time to recover after a shock to reach a new balance.

Low impact development (LID) refers to systems and practices that use or mimic natural mechanisms that result in stormwater runoff, evapotranspiration, or use in order to protect water quality and marine habitat. LID is an approach to land development that works with nature to manage stormwater as close as possible to its source. The ideals of LID include the preservation and recreation of natural scenic elements.

Lack of green

HISTORY TIMELINE

Google’s urban development starts along the River Ouse river bank and slowly develops on the north side of the base, and the east side of the base has long been farmland.

The ACNC built the canal docks, which opened on July 20, 1826, and a contemporary planned town sprang up around the port and railway expansion.

SITE CONTEXT Goole is a town in the East Riding of Yorkshire with a population of around 22,500. There have rich and diversified transportation to neighboring cities, include waterway and land way.

The position on the important M62/A63 East-West Multi-Modal Transport Corridor, and have train station.

York CAR:35 mins TRAIN:1hr 15 mins

Leeds CAR:45 mins TRAIN:1hr

CAR:40 mins TRAIN:30 mins

Kingston upon Hull West Park

Goole

Goole Station Victoria Pleasure Ground

CAR:30 mins TRAIN:25 mins

CAR:50 mins TRAIN:1hr

Goole Market Hall Goole's Clock Tower

The Salt and Pepper pots Goole Port

Doncaster Oakhill Nature Reserve

Sheffield

0 100

source: goole city council

Attractions

West Park

Goole's Clock Tower

Train Station

Goole Market Hall

Goole Marina

Oakhill Nature Reserve

300

600memter

The town centre, around the distinctive clock tower roundabout, has been identified as a Conservation Area, and the skyline offers a clear example of the industrial heritage of the town, with prominent landscape features like the docks, cranes and the water towers of 'Salt and Pepper Pot. The Salt and Pepper pots (water towers)

Victoria Pleasure Ground

SITE ANALYSIS The ground level in Goole and the surrounding surroundings is usually between 2m and 4m. This is much lower than the River Ouse's Mean High Water Springs level of 4.3m. Over the next 100 years, the River Ouse is expected to rise 5.8 metres. As a result, flood barriers on the nearby main rivers are critical in preventing regular fluvial and tidal floods from the River Ouse and River Don. Within Goole, the lowest lying parts are mainly found to the north and north east of the city.

zone2 zone3 0

100

300

600meter

Topographic

Flooding Risk

The data indicate far greater global threats from sea level rise and coastal flooding than previously thought, the whole goole area will have an enormous impact.

source: GOV.UK

Google is located on the northern side of the confluence between the Dutch River (River Don) and the River Ouse. The town and nearby settlements are protected by flood barriers on both sides of these three rivers. The town's development appeal has been damaged by flood risk, since new planning rules demand considerable extra flood risk mitigation measures to be installed, hurting development feasibility.

100

300

600meter

2.0-3.0 0

100

300

600meter

3.0-4.0 4.0-5.0

Accessibility

1.0-2.0

Contains OS data © Crown Copyright and database right 2020

Ouse

0.5-1.0

By Car: The M62 motorway passes around the town's periphery; exit at Junction 36 and follow directions to the town centre. The Ouse Bridge, which carries the motorway across the river, provides excellent views of the town. By Train - There is a regular service from Hull and Doncaster. Once upon a time, the InterCity service from Hull to London ran straight through the town. By Canal - For recreational canal boats, the Knottingley-Goole canal is a popular route. Doncaster is also served by a canal.

River

0.0-0.5

Flooding

Contains OS data © Crown Copyright and database right 2020

Port Railway Bicycle Route M62 Highway 0

100

300

600meter

Traffic junction Train Station

>5.0 Contains OS data © Crown Copyright and database right 2020

Goole is surrounded by a flat, low-lying, and large-scale agricultural environment with enormous, regular, and geometric arable fields separated by ditches and dykes. The town is characterised by pre-1919 low-value Victorian terraced houses, and the town core is mostly Victorian and urban in style.

Goole is experiencing a huge economic transition thanks to Goole 36, and construction on 800 new dwellings on the outskirts of town has already begun. As a result, the Town Deal Board identified a number of distinct possibilities to invest in important parts of the town centre in order to energise and safeguard future prosperity and growth for people and businesses. Residential Flood Storage Areas Conservation Areas Candidate and Designated Local Wildlife Site Goole 36 Employment Transport 0

100

300

600meter

Operational Port Area Principal Nature Designations

Current Landuse

Government Policy

Contains OS data © Crown Copyright and database right 2020

Arable land Forests Pastures Shrub andjor herbaceous vegetation Water bodies Urban fabric Artificial, non- agricultural vegetated areas Construction sites 0

100

300

600meter

Industrial, commercial and transport units

Contains OS data © Crown Copyright and database right 2020

TOWNSCAPE CHARACTERISATION c3

D Terraced mix seim-detached residential development

E Commercial character

F Goole 36 industrial character

G Open field charactercter

H Farmland

I Grassy moorland

J Woodland reservoir

K River corridors

L Port industrial character

f1 Townscape character type

C Linear terraced house residential character

b3 c1

B Seim-detached residential development character

A Ditched development residential character

l Townscape character area

Ditched development residential character

a. West park Ditched development residential area

Seim-detached residential development character

b1. Clifton gardens seim-detached residential area b2. Oxford road seim-detached residential area

b3. Chiltern road seim-detached residential area

b4. Victoria seim-detached residential area C.

Linear terraced house

c1. North ward linear terraced house

residential character

residential estate 0 100 linear 300 terraced 600meter c2. Kingsway house

residential estate

Source: Aerial photography., (2021). [Goole, East Riding of Yorkshire. Satellite view]. Southampton: Ordnance Survey. [Viewed 23 May 2011].

c3. Belvedere crescent terraced house residential area Townscape character type

Townscape character area

Ditched development residential character

a. West park Ditched development residential area

Terraced mix seim-detached residential development

d. Westfield avenue terraced mix seim-detached residential estate

Commercial character

e. Booth ferry road commercial area

Seim-detached residential development character

b1. Clifton gardens seim-detached residential area

Goole 36 industrial character

f1. Britannia road industrial area

f2. Potter gange industrial area

b2. Oxford road seim-detached

Linear terraced house residential character

G. Open field character

b3. Chiltern road seim-detached residential area

Farmland

h. Airmyn farmland

Grassy moorland

i. Oakhill grassy moorland

b4. Victoria seim-detached

Woodland reservoir

j. Oakhill woodland arae

residential area

River corridors

k. Dutch river corridor

c1. North ward linear terraced house residential estate

Port industrial character

l. Docks port industrial area

c2. Kingsway linear terraced house residential estate c3. Belvedere crescent terraced house residential area D.

Terraced mix seim-detached residential development

f3. Trading estate industrial area

residential area

d. Westfield avenue terraced mix seim-detached residential estate

g. Rawcliffe road Open field area

Current

AREA STRATEGY

Future

A-E Residentail Area Problem - The whole area lacks plants and the open green space is unplanned, unable to attract people to use. - Areas are mostly used impervious pavement, and some sidewalks do not have enough space to plant sidewalk trees, which makes the overall color of the sidewalk monotonous and lacking vitality.

Solution - Change the road to one-way traffic with extra space to expand the sidewalk so that there is enough space to build the Bioretention swale. -Green open space redesign and become detention basin and rain garden and take into account people’s functions.

Planting street tree Neighborhood pocket park (Rain garden) Current

Future

Planting street tree Bioretention swale One-way road

G Industrail Area Problem -Large buildings are large in size and cause a sense of oppression. - No trees next to the factory, only green space and there are many impervious pavements in the whole area with a large area.

Solution -Collect rainwater in the factory building for later use as a water supply. -Change impermeable pavement to permeable pavement.

Current

Future Planting tree

Rainwater harvesting system Permeable pavement

I. J. K Natural grassland and woodland Problem - Since the north side is an industrial zone, it is not easy to reach and do not have a clear entrance. - Lack of facilities for people to use, unable to have a good experience.

Boardwalk

Solution -Use friendly and eco path in the nature reserve. -build bird watching pavilion for people to observe.

L River corridors Problem -The current riverbank is an artificial embankment, and have low walls block the riverbank and sidewalk.

Solution -Change river embankment into natural levee and demolish the fence. - Set up seating facilities to increase people's use.

Current

Future Bird watching pavilion

Oakhill nature reserve

Current

Future Planting tree Branch

Sidewalk

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES AIM 1: Combat Natural Disasters

Site boundary Oakhill Nature Reserve Proposed rain garden

rain garden

. Use low impact development measures to reduce the 新下凹公園 potential of flooding .Reduce artificial facilities on the water bank .The hard pavement of the commercial 透水鋪面 area and parking lot is changed to permeable paving .The planting trough in the residential area was changed to vegetation swale or bioretention cell .The park in residential area turned into vegetated detention basin

Proposed bioretention swale Proposed permeable pavement Proposed detention basin Proposed natural levee Proposed woodland 0

100

300

600meter

Proposed wetland

Source: Ordnance Survey., (2021). [Goole, East Riding of Yorkshire. Satellite view]. Southampton: Ordnance Survey. [Viewed 23 May 2021].

Site boundary

AIM 2: Let People Live In Peace With Nature

Oakhill Nature Reserve

. Reduce the impact of industrial zones on ecological protection zones . Upgrade the Oakhill Nature Reserve and green open space . Preserve and increase local biodiversity . Change the canal embankment to natural levees .Adding a wetland park, which have the function of flood control, wildlife protection, and human leisure

Existing grassland

Existing urban park Existing woodland Proposed redesign green open space Proposed neighborhood park Proposed natural levee Proposed woodland 0

100

300

600meter

Source: Ordnance Survey., (2021). [Goole, East Riding of Yorkshire. Satellite view]. Southampton: Ordnance Survey. [Viewed 23 May 2021].

Proposed wetland

AIM 3: Increase The Attractiveness Of The City

Site boundary

. Improve existing green space . Increase housing development . Increase plants in the pedestrian area . Reconstruction of vacant land, commercial and industrial area parking lot reduced into green space . Extend the existing bicycle lane to wetland park and nature reserve

Existing urban park

Existing cycle lane Existing Town centre Proposed cycle lane Proposed redesign greenspace Proposed neighborhood park Proposed one-way traffic Proposed new housing estates Proposed mixed use 0

100

300

600meter

Source: Ordnance Survey., (2021). [Goole, East Riding of Yorkshire. Satellite view]. Southampton: Ordnance Survey. [Viewed 23 May 2021].

development

PLANNING MASTER PLAN

Pocket Park

Source: Google Maps., (2021). [Information Commons, Sheffield. Street view]. Google. [Viewed 12 May 2021].

III

Riverbank

III

Town Centre Road

Source: Google Maps., (2021). [Information Commons, Sheffield. Street view]. Google. [Viewed 12 May 2021].

100

300

600meter

Legend

Site boundary

Existing urban park

Proposed new housing estates

M62 Highway

Proposed cycle lane

Proposed mixed use

Train line Goole 36 industrial / distribution site

Proposed redesign openspace Proposed neighborhood park

Oakhill Nature Reserve

Proposed bioretention swale

Existing cycle lane

Proposed one-way traffic

development Proposed woodland Proposed wetland Proposed natural levee

Rain Garden

Source: Google Maps., (2021). [Information Commons, Sheffield. Street view]. Google. [Viewed 12 May 2021].

DESIGN CONCEPT

LOW IMPACT DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY

Explore point Pond

The LID approach to water resource stewardship first seeks to avoid impacts to undeveloped landscapes, waterbodies, and hydrologic processes across the watershed, community, and site scales. Strategies that fall under impact avoidance include:

Wet Woodland Dense forest

Detention basin

Rain garden

Natural levee

Residential area

Beal home

Vegetated roof

Wet pond

Waterway

Tree

Wetland

PLANTING DESIGN STRATEGY Riverbank

Wetland

Green infrastructure

Building & Land use

White Willow

Quaking Aspen

Globeflower

Bioretention swale

Pillwort

River Birch

Rain garden

Dawn Redwood

Water-forgetme-not

Residential area Mix-use area Hypermarket area

Lesser Spearwort

Garden

Road network & Transportation Bicycle route (will connect to the orginal route)

Silver birch Hakonechloa Calamagrostis x acutiflora macra

English oak

Ajuga reptans

yellow iris

Achillea filipendulina

Astilbe

Hypermarket area Residential area (flat)

Dense forest

Rainwater harvesting system

Mixed use commercial area

Neighborhood park

Lawn

Wet Woodland

Permeable pavement

Wildlife garden

Lawn Open forest

Bioretention swale

Dense forest

Open forest Explore point

Detention basin

Gaura lindheimeri

Bus stop Splashing water point

Residential area

Neighborhood park Current housing

Urban park

Neighborhood Residential park Mixed use area (tercommercial raced) area Residential area

Residential area Neighborhood park

Key 1 Wetland park 2 Explore point 3 Detention basin square 4 Multi-function grassland 5 Wildlife garden 6 Splashing water point 7 Urban park 8 Neighborhood park 9 Hypermarket 10 Retailer 11 Grass hill rest area

DESIGN MASTER PLAN 2

B' 1

6 3

8 VI 11

8 8

0 10

60meter

DESIGN SECTION Using different planting in different area . Near the riverside will choose the plants that suitable for growing near the water, In the garden will use more colorful and flowering plants. The residential area will choose plants that can absor the water and can alive in the water.

Dense forest Explore point

Open forest

Private garden

Sidewalk

River

Bioretention Traffic road swale

Elevated boardwalk

Splashing water point

Urban park

Wildlife garden

Section A-A' Scale 1/250@A1

Sidewalk Bioretention swale

Detention basin

Section B-B' Scale 1/250@A1

Street tree Traffic road Section C-C' Scale 1/250@A1

Traffic road

Bioretention swale

Sidewalk

Intermediary space

Grass hill rest area

Garden plaza

Section D-D' Scale 1/250@A1

02. UNLOCK THE NATURE

Sheffield Regional Development Plan

Location Sheffield, UK Type Academic/Team Work Carrying Out Date March, 2020

The site is surrounded by the catchment area of the Sheffield River. The site has large areas of green space, good amenity and high development potential. On the basis of long term development, the remaining green space is fragmented and unconnected, which prevents biological habitats from extending into the city center. Most of the riverbanks are man-made, which makes the lower reaches prone to flooding and unsuitable for biological growth. The base has great potential for bicycle development, but planning is not yet complete. In the future, more bicycle paths should be added and connected to residential and natural areas to attract more users. The watershed of the Sheffield River includes both urban areas and vast green spaces. A series of parks and green spaces connect to the Peak District National Park and form the main green belt. The ecosystem in the Green Belt extends into the urban area through urban parks and private courtyards forming green fingers. However, the entire greenbelt system is roughly cut by the rail road system, separating the main greenbelt from the downtown area, as if it were blocked by the railroad. In this project, we want to reconnect the disconnected green fingers so that the green spaces and ecosystems of the watershed will have the opportunity to return to the city. We will reconnect the ecosystems on both sides of the railroad through design and release the urban ecosystem.

TURE

There are green, where there is life.

Health and Noise

an Wei-Chieh SITE ANALYSIS

S trength

1.There are much open green space and park in the site, resident easy to explore nature .

SWOT ANALYSIS

Strength 2.The river system in the site including

Land-use and Urban expansion

From the perspective of population health, the health level on the west side of the site is basically higher than that on the east side, while compared with the road noise, the health level of residents near the highway will be greatly affected, and the noise of main roads on the west side is generally higher.

Population density

the hyporheic Flow,open Groundwater, 1.There are much green space and park in the site, mainstream, and tributary waterway . resident easy to explore nature . 2.The system in the site including the hyporheic Flow, 3.The river site has great development potential especially house and tributary waterway . Groundwater, mainstream, development. 3.The site has great development potential especially house development. 4.Because of the topographic, the 4.Because of the the mountain area has a great mountain area hastopographic, a great vision to overlook the city center. vision to overlook the city center.

Oppurnities

W eakness

1.The site has a train station; it is convenient to go to other cities. 2.It close to the peak district and Sheffield city center, the leisure and entertainment need easy to fulfill. 1.Green space in the site are 3.Average house price in the site is low; it is affordable for fragmented and incomplete. most people. 2.The upstream catchment area is not

sufficient, so the downstream area Weakness According to the land use of the site, the current planning of the site is mostly housing area, open space and countryside area, and the further away from the center of the city, the more unitary the function is. According to the housing expansion of 1900 in the historical map, more houses increase from north to south.

Traffic map

Way to work

Most of the population in the site is concentrated in the residential areas close to the city center, so the schools, hospitals, supermarkets and other basic facilities in this area are well established and widely distributed, while the living function of the areas close to the mountainous areas with less population is poor.

Population age

To Doncaster Sheﬃeld Sta�on Sheﬃeld Sta�on - Hallam University

Granville Rd - Sheﬃeld College

Highfield

Park Grange Cro� Park Grange

Spring Lane

Norfolk Park

Sharrow

Arbourthorne Road

Heeley

Manor Top - Elm Tree

Arbourthorne

Nether Edge Hollinsend

Woodseats

White Lane

Hemsworth

Whirlow / Abbeydale Beauchief

45mins Edinburgh 4hour 1hour 30mins 36mi 1hour 15mins3hour 50mins 251mi Leeds 1hour 38mi

14.5 Transport used in Sheffield (%) 60

7 6 7 1 6

14.5

Manchester

45mins 1hour 36mi

1hour 15mins Sheﬃeld Manchester Airport Leeds 1hour 1hour 10mins 38mi 1hour 35mins 45mi Manchester

Manchester Airport

Sheﬃeld

1hour 10mins 1hour 35mins 45mi

To Manchester

Annuel traffic by vechiel type in Sheffiled (mi) +

1680

1hour 1hour 10mins 57mi

Greenhill

Dore and Totley Sta�on

Bus stop

Road system Main road

32mins3hour 135mi 1hour 30mins

Totley

Cycle route

24mi London 3hour 10mins Cambridge 2hour 10mins

Tram rail

2hour 30mins 168mi 3hour 135mi

3hour 10mins 2hour 10mins 168mi

Threats

Bradway

Train station

Doncaster Cambridge 2hour 30mins Airport Doncaster Sheﬃeld

London

Dore

Tram station

30mins32mins 25mins1hour 30mins 23mi 24mi

Train rail

Car or Van Train or Metro

Dronﬁeld Sta�on

Bus or Coach On foot

1680 1330

green space.

York

30mins 1hour 25mins 1hour 23mi10mins 57mi

Doncaster York Doncaster Sheﬃeld Airport

1330 +

Norton

Dore

Edinburgh

4hour 30mins 3hour 50mins 251mi

Gleadless Valley

Millhouses

Gleadless Townend Herdings - Leighton Road Herdings Park

Meersbrook

Ecclesall

Bents Green

To London

It shows that the area that has people live in have the bus stop nearby, it is convenience for resident went to Sheffield centre. But for the entertainment, the current cycle route is not complete, maybe in the future, it can build more cycle route to connect. From the data about the types of transportation residents in Sheffield used.Over sixty percent of residents prefer to drive their car, and nearly the fifth teen percent of people take the bus when they go out. So it is easy to traffic jams in the rush hours.

easy to flooding. 1.Green space in the site are fragmented and incomplete. 3.Most of the riverside use concrete, 2.The upstream catchment area is not sufficient, so the it is negative for the habit and slows downstream area easy to flooding. down the water when it rains heavily. 3.Most of the riverside use concrete, it is negative for the 4.Theand siteslows has many open green habit down the water when it rains heavily. spacessite buthas lack many of woodland, habitatsspaces but lack of 4.The open green hard to connect. woodland, habitats hard to connect. 5.The of the theTram Tram only located on the east of the site. 5.The route route of only located on thecycle east of the site. 6.The route system is not complete, it difficult to ride to the green space. 6.The cycle route system is not 7.Most of the topographic are complete, it difficult to ride to thesloping fields, hard to develop.

Almost ninety percent of residents in the site drive the car to work, some of the residents live close to Sheffield like to walk to work and some areas choose to take bus or coach to work, only a few areas near tram station take the tram to work. Over 50% of residents in Sheffield, the distance between their workplace and their home is under five kilometers, and about 25% of people drive five kilometers to ten kilometers to work.

The average age of the urban population in the region has a trend of gradual growth from the downtown of Sheffield to the southwest. Compared with the areas by population density, the area closer to the downtown has a high population density, which is mostly for the middle-aged people, while the area closer to the southwest of the peak area has a low population density, which is mostly for the middleaged and elderly people over 48 years old.

7.Most of the topographic are sloping 1.The public transportation is low; people tend to drive fields,using hard to develop. their car. 2.The essential facility do not balance, only separate in the specific area. 3.Agriculture and animal husbandry influence ecologic environment.

O ppurnities

LANDSCAPE CHARACTER ASSESSMENT Extractive

All of this type are located in the southwest. Because of the weather and altitude, it Development level:very low hard to have tree. The area is located in the Peak District National Park, so it do not Human use:very low have any development, it retain a natural and original landscape, attract people to visit. Planting density:high

Enclosed Land

This kind of land are for agriculture and animal husbandry, the edge of the pasture Planting density:very low have tree be the boundary to separate the Development level:very high land. The density of the resident are low, Human use:low few housing in the area, most of the house are nearby the pasture.

Cemetery Planting density:low Development level:medium Extractive

There are only one cemetery in the site and it located in the central of the site and it nearby neighborhood. The terrain is flat.

Human use:middle

Enclosed Land Cemetery Institutional Parkland & Recreational Woodland

The institutional land are separate in the neighbor, most of the institutional land are Planting density:medium belong to education facilities, and some Development level:very high are belong to sport club. Most of this kind Human use:very high of land are used for sport activity only a few are still woodland. Institutional

Parkland & Recreational

This type of the land have different size and separate in the living area. The Development level:very high smaller size of land may be the park for nearby resident, the bigger one may near Human use:very high countryside, and more natural. Planting density:middle

The woodland are the most natural area in the site, the planting density are very high, Planting density:very high Development level:very low and have well biodiversity. But it cut up by urban development and transport network. Woodland

Human use:middle

HOUSE TYPE ASSESSMENT Flat These areas most are flat s which is selfcontained and in one part of a building. A building is usually split into individual flats and the communal areas are those that are shared.

Detached This area is more detached, Detached houses are more likely to be be more private as they are single standing properties, privacy is high, have an independent yard, comfortable environment.

Terraced

Semi-detached Terraced houses are common in these area.Terraced houses shares walls with neighbours. High population density and low privacy.

This area is more Semi-detached Detached houses hey are houses paired together by a common wall.Good privacy, with small backyard.

SUITABILITY MAPS

Parks & Green belt The environment near the parks and green belt usually has a better quality and support grater health and wellbeing; peak district national park is suitable exceptional, circumstances and building here shoule be avoided.

Housing

Markets & Stores Proximity to markets and stores can provide a better quality of life, making people more comfortable to get the necessary goods for daily life.

Tram & Train Stations The areas close to the park tend to have a higher quality of life. Most people hope that their house can be closer to the supermarket and shopping places; transportation is also an important consideration factor. It can make people more comfortable to reach the farther place. Furthermore, the availability of schools and medical facilities is the most critical factor in people's choices.

Woodland/Restoredhabitat

300m from tram stations and 800m from the train station. Housing near public transport will help to increase active transport and reduce reliance on cars and otherwise to reduce air pollution.

Medical institutions & School People feel safer when they live near medical institutions or schools; they can receive immediate service during emergency situations. On the other hand, people may take less time to arrive at these points to save more commuting costs.

Agriculture Area Farmland has broad green space, choose proper farmland space to enlarge the function of currently green space and strength the green network to connect the woodlands.

Other Open Green Spaces Currently open green space have lower water retention, woodland sited here would reduce surface water run off dramatically and create a complete green belt. Because most of the riversides are artificial rivers, placing woodland around the river will help restore the ecological conditions. Many lands in the east of the base are agricultural land, which will not only harm the environment but also cut off the green belt. Moreover, idle agrarian land is also suitable for woodland; blank spaces between other towns can strengthen the greenbelt's connection and connection of habitat integrity.

Sheaf River Planting woodland near the river sheaf would help creat a blue/green corridor, which could slow down river flow and improving biodiversity.

Green Fingers Ecological strategy to unlock the Sheffield city Sheffield's green belt consists of a series of parks and Sheaf river. The ecology system of the leading green belt extends into the city through green fingers composed by small outdoor public spaces and private front yards, forming a typical garden city; however, Sheffield's railway system severely cuts the city and green belt, so in this project, we will reconnect the green straps cut by the railway and integrate the main green belts to form a continuous and complete ecosystem. The space for the train track is often locked right in the middle of the woodland; it usually causes lots of damage to the ecologic system and do harm for animals passing this area. In order to improve the connection of the green space, we will create tunnels on the structure below the track (A) or use a ecological bridge (B) to allow the creatures and plantings even people to go through.

(A)

(B)

Facilities Gap

Train line

Market

School

Hospital

According to the distribution of various facilities in this area and their service scope, find some areas that are not covered by each facility, and figure out the suitable location for the new house according to the suitability maps. After comparing facilities gap,add some new functions and facilities as appropriate to improve the life functioning of these areas. 5

5000 New Homes With regard to the allocation of 5,000 new houses, 2,000 of them are affordable housing which density is 75 dewllings per hectare, 2,000 are market-rate housing which density is 50 dewllings per hectare ,The other 1000's house are seniors or those with exceptional care needs which density is 30 dewllings per hectare. The housing types of affordable housing and seniors or those with exceptional care housing are mostly terrraced and flat,market-rate housing’s types are mostly detached and semi-detached.

Detached

New housing

Facilities gap

Walking distience

Semi-detached

Terraced

New housing

Facilities gap

Walking distience

Flat

Walking distience

MASTER PLAN Highfield

Norfolk Park

Sharrow Heeley

Arbourthorne

Nether Edge

Meersbrook

Ecclesall

Bents Green

Gleadless Valley

Millhouses Woodseats Hemsworth

Whirlow / Abbeydale Beauchief

Norton

Dore Greenhill

Dore

Bradway Tram station Train station Cycle route

Totley

Tram rail2000 500 1000 Train rail

New green space New affordable housing

New market-rate housing 1 5000 10000 20000 New seniors housing

N 4000 N 40000 N

1 25000 50000 100000

200000

DETAIL DESIGN The location of this part of the site is close to Sheffield center, it has a great location, it is suitable for the placement of marketing-rate housing, but it has train route and Sheaf river cross by, so the flooding and the traffic noise might be the problem in the area. The solution to this problem is the lower floor might be the parking space and community area. Floor type

The riverside of this part of the site is messy, unorganized, so how to make this area attractive for resident and wildlife animal are the big challenge. The train now runs on the bridge, so the green space may not fragment by the train lane, the riverside under the bridge can have well planned for residents and wildlife, make it more natural and ecological.

Community area Living space Living space

Sky garden

Living space

Community area

Living space

Living space Living space

Community area

Living space

Gym

Community area

Living space

Parking space

In this area of the site, it near the Sheaf river and the train route. In the field, it has a convenient life function, like the shopping mall, supermarket, medical facilities. It is the right place for new housing. Although it near the train route and river, so the noise and the flooding might be the potential risk in the area. The new house might be a nine-floor and six-floor building. The ground floor can be the parking space, and the first floor can be the gym; the living area might start from the second floor.

Living space Gym Community area

Parking space

Community area

Floor type

Living space Living space

Sky garden

Living space

Community area

In the site, the ecological green space cut up by the transport network; it lets people and wildlife animals hard to go to the other side. The ecological bridge can be a good strategy; it allows safe passage for wildlife and pedestrian.

This area was once a wasteland, and the relationship between the messy garden and the surrounding houses will be replanned. Due to the rich living function in the surrounding area, the basic facilities such as supermarkets, schools and hospitals are sufficient, as well as the appropriate green space, which is suitable for the placement of affordable housing. Connecting the woodland with the garden in front of the house not only continues the green space in this area but also brings the relationship between the nearby residents and the garden closer, so that people and nature can coexist harmoniously.

Living space

Living space Community area

Living space

Gym

Community area

Living space

Living space Gym Community area

Parking space

Sky garden

Parking space

Sky garden

Community area

Living space

CommunityLiving area space

Living space

Community area

Living space

Community area Living space

Living space

Living space Living space

Living space

Living space Living space

Living space

Living space Living space

Living space

Living space Living space

Living space Gym

Living space

Living space Gym

Gym

Community Community area area

Community area

Living space

Living space Parking space

Parking spaceParking space

Parking space

Floor type

Community area

Parking space Parking space

Gym

03 URBAN FOREST

Sheffield Landscape Urbanism & Design

Location Sheffield, UK Type Academic/Team Work Carrying Out Date May, 2020

In the 19th and 20th centuries, cities around the world expanded on a scale unprecedented in human history, and they facilitated explosive growth with the help of new infrastructure technologies. In order to facilitate rapid growth, historical and traditional city patterns and types were ignored, and cities became increasingly dispersed as modern infrastructure was demanded. At the same time, these infrastructures have contributed to the rapid consumption of resources from concrete to oil, which in turn has introduced air pollution and noise into cities, thereby affecting the quality of life of those who live and work in them. While many of the trends of the past two centuries continue, the 21st century has responded to many of these trends as a new generation aspires to more walkable, livable, friendly, and less polluted cities. In order to achieve these goals, design needs to consider strategies that improve the quality and quantity of the built urban fabric of cities as well as greenbelts and open spaces. Design proposals for the city's public open spaces were developed to establish Sheffield's image as a garden city.

Communication analysis

Existin Building Types

Keep & Develop & Remove of buildings

The building types in the base already have a certain division.

These two blocks is mostly for commercial use, and the buildings of this block could organizd to make it a commercial residential area, thereby expanding the convenience of life in this block.

A61

This building is a car marketing store. Because it is very close to Granville square, it occupies a lot of street space. In order to make the use of the surroundings of the square more diverse, demolishing this building can give more functions here and activate this area.

A61

These buildings are auto repari factories and garages, because they are close to the river bank, occupying a lot of river bank space, and the building itself has a poor appearance, which affects the river bank landscape. After the building is removed here, a large open space can be vacated to connect the surrounding green space .

Ponderosa

Retail and service

Granville square

Sheffield City Hall

Weston Park

Granville square

McDonalds

University Of Sheffield

A61 Sheffield Train Station

Skype Edge Fields

Entertainment and shopping Sheffield Hallam University

Cough Road Square

15min walking

The Moor Market

This area is in a high-risk flooding area, very close to the river. Removing buildings in this area can increase the open space on the river bank and alleviate flooding problems.

Casino

A61

Resident

B&Q Walking Direction

Education

The site is located in the southeast of the city of Sheffield, close to the train station, the main road pass through the site make traffic is more convenient. The distribution of life functions around the site is uneven. Because the city center is on the northwest side of the base, businesses, education, supermarkets, etc. are concentrated here. The convenience of the north side of the base is much greater than that of the south. The river sheaf runs through the entire site from north to south, but the entire site is also isolated. Although there are many open green spaces around the surrounding area, it cannot be connected to the site, making the value in ecological is very low.

s road

Commercial

Queen

Green Space

B & Q is a large-scale commercial center, but this area is close to the railway and a bit desolate nearby, so after demolishing this building, you can mix-use this area and transfer some commercial functions to it. , Activate this area so that it can slowly drive the development of the surrounding area.

B&Q

s road

Train Station

Some buildings near the city center are mostly shops, and there are a lot of commercial buildings such as garages near the river bank. A large number of residential areas along the south of the river are closely arranged.

This area is a night club. Remove this building and transfer its function to the neighborhood, leaving more space for activities near the river bank.

Casino

Queen

Railway

Cough Road Square

This area is concentrated in residential areas, but the buildings along the river are close to the shore and occupy a lot of space. Removing some buildings near the river can free up some space and also improve the quality of life of nearby residents.

Norfolk Park Sheffield General Cemetery

A61

McDonalds

The buildings on this side can retain their commerciality and rearrange their arrangement so that they have better connections with river banks and green spaces.

30min walking

Student accommodation Resident area Entertainment

The right side of Queens Road is mainly entertainment casino and hypermarket B & Q, occupying the main area of the right block.

Funeral home Business area Shops Gym

Flood risk analysis

Communication analysis

Keep

Demolition of this side of the building next to the river bank will enable the open space in this area to be connected in series with the river bank, which is beneficial to ecological diversity.

Develop Remove

Existing Trees And Other Vegetation Main road intersection in granville square, is the focus of the traffic main artery location, has an important geographical position advantage, but in this area is given priority to with lawn, only a small oak tree and the center, makes the regional landscape atmosphere is weak, in the traffic and crowded place there should be a more attractive and comfortable.

Main issue -lack of vegetation -lack of green space From the flooding map, we can clearly see that the high-risk flooding areas are focus on the Queens road and parking lots, because those areas are hard surface, and the terrain is relatively low, so in the subsequent planning and design, we have to consider the follow-up Attention should be paid to the flooding problem in these areas during the functional division of the site. Selecting some permeable pavement in the selection of pavement can also be solved by planting some plants.

Cornus alba

Cough Road Square

Casino

Euphorbia characias

Phlomis fruitcosa

sectionA-A’

Salix caprea

Salix lasiolepis

But this area is not suitable for pedestrians and bicycle routes. It is too friendly. Although the roads have both sidewalks and bicycle lanes, they are not very separated from the lanes, resulting in poor pedestrian and bicycle experiences and potential safety hazards.

sectionB-B’

B’

B&Q

Juniperus sabina

Euonymus Japonicus

Prunus avium

Crataegus monogyna

Berberis thunbergii

Malus halliana

Sanbucus nigra

Acer opalus

Prunus laurocerasus

Chaenomeles speciosa

Trees

Cercidiphyum japomicum

High-Risk Flooding Zone

C’

Land having a 1 in 100 or greater annual probability of river flooding;or Land having a 1 in 200 or greater annual probability of sea flooding.

D D’

Flood map High Risk Flooding Zone Medium Risk Flooding Zone

Land having between a 1 in 100 and 1 in 1,000 annual probability of river flooding;or Land having between a 1 in 200 and 1 in 1,000 annual probability of sea flooding.

On this main road, there are only scattered trees on both sides of the road and the uneven distribution makes the street landscape monotonous and uninteresting. Improving the landscape on both sides of the street is beneficial to improving the walking experience and driving comfort, including carrying a high volume of transit traffic, thus increasing the vitality of the whole block.

B&Q

Betula pendula

Fraxinus excelsior

There is almost no vegetation on either side of the house, and only a small number of trees and shrubs are distributed on both sides of the road.

Bus stop Pedestrans Vihicle flow

Average Tree Height(m)

Herbs

1.15-4.10 4.11-6.10

Cycle route

Medium-Risk Flooding Zone

Casino

ns roa

sectionD-D’

Quee

ns roa d Quee

sectionC-C’

Cough Road Square

Prunus pensylbanica

Buddleja davidii

Casino

ns roa

A’

Quee

Cough Road Square

Shrubs

There are also serious flooding problems near the sheaf river, and now the river banks are generally hard banks. We will use a more ecological way to alleviate the flooding problem in the follow-up and create more comfortable outdoor spaces for people.

The whole riparian space is occupied by a large amount of space by the surrounding buildings, people have little contact with the river, and most of the river is poorly managed. The planting on both sides of the river is dominated by weeds and disorderly growing trees, which makes the riparian space landscape poor and unattractive.

McDonalds

sh e

In general, the traffic load in the base is large. First of all, from the perspective of junction, this is the place where the flow of pedestrian traffic is mainly concentrated. Connecting five roads where a large number of vehicles converge.

McDonalds

Granville square

McDonalds

-low biodiversity value -Low vegetation function -Lack of urban characteristics

Granville square

Riv

Granville square

-Lack of streetscape

6.11-8.35 Primary Road Secondary Road Railway

Galium aparine

Alliaria petiolata

Dactylis glomerata

8.36-11.20 11.21-19.23

This area is a children's playground, with well-grown and layered vegetation, and is suitable for leisure and play.

CONCEPTUAL PLAN

SWOT ANALYSIS

S W

-There are a lot of native plants in the base -Complete facilities and convenient living -There is a lot of open space in the base for adjustment

-Excellent location near Sheffield city centre -There is a river flowing through the base, which can create more riparian space -There is a train station near the base, which will bring a lot of traffic -There are a lot of schools and commercial areas nearby, which will increase the value of this area

-Low coverage of green space and vegetation -Too many hard paving in the site -Lack of management on the river bank, low ecological value -Traffic island has a large traffic load and messy lines -The current building arrangement is chaotic. -The street landscape experience is poor -The whloe site flood threat is relatively large,especially on the hard material and along the river -Poor site proximity and poor plant management in multiple areas increase maintenance costs

PLANNING CONCEPT -The space nearby the main road will increase the bio-diversity also connect the green belt in Sheffield center, moreover, reduce air pollution and create a better landscape. -The space in the residential area could use for communication to let people living near here have outdoor space that is more natural and closer to the water.

– space Humane Mobility -Design a hydrophilic around the river sheaf to let people be more closer to the river and increase the bio-diversity -Use woodland to create a visual boundary between train rail and city, reduce the negative

– Enhanced Public Space

element form the train rail.

-Use the plaza to create a habitat island to connect two green corridor and the other green belt.

- Hydrophilic Interactive Space

Reginal Strategy

Green Strategy

Open Space Strategy

– Integrating Ecological Services

Green leisure area Commercial area Eco-resident area

SCALE:1/1000 in A0

GRANVILLE SQUARE PLANNING Concept

Axonometric

Master Plan

$IWHU

GRANVILLE SQUARE PLANNING DFS

%HIRUH

The space on both sides was originally a parking lot and shop, which will change the form of the building and form a square space in front of the building to increase the different pedestrian experience.

New residentail housing

$IWHU

QUEENS ROAD

%HIRUH

Granville square will be transformed into a leisurec area for variety of activities. Since the original road was divided by the traffic island in the middle, the surrounding space was broken. In the future design, this block was merged to make this area change. Into a market plaza, with green space to form a large space for leisure and entertainment.

%HIRUH %HIRUH

New residentail housing

$IWHU

GRANVILLE SAQUARE The two sides of the Queens roady were originally adjacent to the building. More green space will be added here, widening pedestrian space for outdoor dining, adding stores and restaurants along the street, adding bicycle lanes in the street, and considering the problems of permeable paving and rainwater collection.

$IWHU

%HIRUH %HIRUH

New residentail housing store&restaurant

Permeable pavement

Pedestrian path

$IWHU

Rain water collect

Queens road

Bikeway

DETAIL SECTIONS Granville Square

6WXGHQW DFFRPPRGDWLRQ :RRGODQG 1HZ UHVLGHQW KRXVLQJ :RRGODQG

B-B' VXQNHQ SOD]D

A-A'

C-C'

SOD\JURXQG

PDUNHW SOD]D

Scetion:A-A'

0F'RQDOGV

5HVLGHQWDLO FRPPHUFLDO

:RRGODQG

1HZ UHVLGHQW KRXVLQJ

J\P RXWGRRU GLQLQJ DUHD VWRUH UHVWDXUDQW

Scetion:A-A' Place the farm market on the street and transform the restaurant on the street into an open dining environment to increase the vitality of the street.

Scetion:B-B' Use grassy hill to separated people and vehicle, and create the steps instead the slope to let people can set and take the rest. The fountain on the square to increase the interaction between people and the square.

Scetion:B-B'

Scetion:C-C' Outside the new resident area, keep a huge open space, use grass slope to increase biodiversity. Create the bicycle parking for resident.

Scetion:C-C'

PLANTING & CONSTRUCTION DETAIL SECTIONS Granville Square

6WXGHQW DFFRPPRGDWLRQ

B-B'

:RRGODQG

1HZ UHVLGHQW KRXVLQJ :RRGODQG

VXQNHQ SOD]D

A-A' SOD\JURXQG

PDUNHW SOD]D 5HVLGHQWDLO FRPPHUFLDO

0F'RQDOGV

:RRGODQG

SOIL MIX

1HZ UHVLGHQW KRXVLQJ

J\P RXWGRRU GLQLQJ DUHD

Collect excess water from the planting tank and concentrate it in the collecting tank, which can be used for the water fountain of the water plaza and watering the plants.

SAND TRANSITION LAYER AGGREGAT

VWRUH UHVWDXUDQW

Road

Seats & Sunken Plaza

Scetion:A-A'

Scetion:A-A' Use small slopes to separate the square space from the traffic space, and plant trees and shrubs to increase the barrier of view and form a natural boundary; excess water in the planting trough can also be collected for use in the square

Scetion:B-B' Using planting to divide the space in front of the residential area into private and public areas, not only to improve the quality of public sidewalks, but also maintain the privacy of private spaces; in addition, it can also provide space for residents to park their bicycles SOIL MIX SAND TRANSITION LAYER AGGREGAT

Road

Bicycle Lane

Collect excessive rainwater through the water pipes and pour them into the drainage system.

Sidewalk

Student Accommodation

Scetion:B-B'

04. LVIA WIND ENERGE DEVELOPMENT Wind Energy Strategy For West Sheffield

Location Taipei, Taiwan Type Academic/Team Work Carrying Out Date May, 2018

Climate change is the greatest threat humanity faces today. In the UK, our electricity is generated in a number of different ways. It is important to have different fuel sources and technologies to generate electricity. The different types of energy include: Fossil fuels, Nuclear and Renewable energy. Among them, renewable technologies, which made up 24.5% of electricity generated in 2016, use natural energy to produce electricity. Fuel sources include wind, wave, marine, hydro, biomass and solar. The UK aims to meet its EU target of generating 30% of its electricity from renewable sources by 2020. And according to Sheffield City Council, the production of renewable energy needs to be increased to genrerate 60MW in total by 2021. Our work of this study is to design a wind turbine farm to generate 10MW of energy in total in the suburbs west of Sheffield City Centre. The aim is to find the best solution, test different types of turbine combinations and the best location with maximum energy production and minmum landscape impact and visual impact.

Figure 2: Types of wind turbines. Source 1: Guidance note: How to identify suitable areas for onshore wind development in your neighbourhood plan. Available from: https://www.cse.org.uk/downloads/reports-and-publications/community-energy/planning/neighbourhood-planning-wind-guidance.pdf https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Representative-size-height-and-diameter-of-wind-turbines-5_fig1_274533972

STUDY AREA

METHDOLOGY

Refer to the previous team’s landscape character assessment and field study data, and analyze the landscape sensitivity and landscape value obtained by using landscape sensitivity assessment and landscape value checklist. We believe that the landscape value of character type D LANDSCAPE CHARACTERIZATION can be upgraded to medium.

Refer to the previous team’s landscape character assessment and field study data, and analyze the landscape sensitivity and landscape valuearea of the previous group, we removed the character area 9 closest to the urban, and deleted character area 4 in Referring to the selected the national park. Finally, selected character area 14 from theassessment remaining medium-level landscape capacity, and through the selected character obtained by using landscape sensitivity and areas landscape 6, 8, 14, find value the most suitable location in the area to accommodate wind turbines capable of generating 10MW. checklist. We believe that the landscape value of character type D can bethe upgraded to national medium. First exclude areas in the parks in character areas 6, 8 and 14 , and exclude the 350-meter-radius circular area of each residential

building in the area (which will cause the house to be affected by noise), and find that the remaining suitable area is too small, and then Exclude the 250-meter radius of each residential building, and use the remaining area as the most suitable area for placing wind turbines FIVE POTENTIAL AREAS (consider the distance between main road, woodland, and tributary). Finally, select large and medium wind power for combined testing.

SITE AREA 2500 Siteha Area 2500 LOCATION ha SITE

Site Location • Located to the northwest of Sheffield . • About 12,000m away from City Centre. • Located to the northwest of Sheffield . • In the south of Stocksbridge and east of Peak District National • About 12,000m awayPark. from City Centre. • The boundary of the national park divides the • Inalmost the south of Stocksbridge andand eastwest. of site equally between east

Referring to the selected area of the previous group, we According to the final test results,area we considered of factors affecting wind power generation, and finally selected two large removed the character 9 closestthe to arrangement the urban, and deleted wind turbine that meets the distance of 350 from the house. A visual image was drawn at Figure each 1: view pointof(footpath, settlement, woodland, etc). Location Study area. Basemap source: https://digimap.edina.ac.uk/ character area 4 in SENSITIVITY AND CAPACITY the national park. Finally, selected character area 14 from the METHDOLOGY remaining medium-level landscape capacity, and through the selected character Landscape Landscape areas 6, 8, 14, find Visual the mostLandscape suitable location in the area to dscape Character Landscape Sensitivity Value 10MW. Capacity Sensitivity accommodateSensitivity wind turbines capable of generating Landscape Characterization

ium

ium High

ium

ium High

ium Low

ium

Medium

High

Medium High

Low

Medium High

High

Low

UNDERTAKE ZTV AND ZVI ON POSSIBLE SITES

First exclude the areas in the national parks in character areas 6, 8 and 14 , and exclude the 350-meter-radius area of Medium Medium High Mediumcircular High Low each residential Medium High Medium Low building inMedium the area (which will cause the house to be affected by noise),Medium and find that the remaining suitable area is too small, Medium Medium Medium and then Medium Medium Medium building, Medium Exclude the 250-meter radius of each residential and use the remaining area as the most suitable area for placing Medium Medium Medium Medium wind turbines (considerMedium the distance between High Medium main High road, Higth woodland, Low and tributary). Finally, select large and medium wind power for Medium Medium Medium combinedMedium testing. Medium Low

MAKING JUDGEMENTS

Medium

ium

Medium

Medium High Medium High Medium Low According to the final test results, we considered the arrangement of factors affecting wind power generation, and ium Medium High Medium High Medium High Low finally selected two large ium High wind turbine Medium High of 350 High from theLow thatHigh meets theMedium distance house. A visual image was drawn at each view point (footpath, ium High Medium High Medium High High Low settlement, woodland, etc).

ium

Medium

Medium High

Peak District National Park.

• The boundary of the national park divides the site almost equally between east and west.

Five potential areas Character Type

Character Area

A Woodland Stream Corridor

1 Ewden Beck

B Upper Moorland

2 Bradfield Date

C Farmland with Wood

3 Broomhead

Undertake ZTV and ZVI on possible sites 7 Brightholmlee 8 Burnt Hill

D Hillside Fields E Woodland Reservoir F Upper OpenRESULT Fields OVERALL G Urban Fringe

4 Wigtwizzle

Making judgements 14 Tinker Brook 5 Ewden Village 6 Kirk Edge Road 9 Oughtibridge and Wharncliff

Landscape Character Type Landscape Character Area H Settled Valley Fields 10 Sunny Bank I Valley Pasture

11 Low Flett Farm

1 Ewden Beck Woodland Stream A Woodland Stream Corridor 12 Heads Lane J Grassy Moorland Corridor

Medium Low B Upper Moorland K Pasture and Moorland

15 Salt Spring

Bradfield Date Upper Moorland 13 Salt 2 Spring

There were six factors that were used to determine what made an area sensitive. were: scenic quality, Refer These to the previous team’s landscap rarity, locally and regionally obtained by using landscape sensitiv representativeness, and can be upgraded to medium. tranquillity.

Consider and to whom Referring to thewhy selected area of the the identified specific the national park. Finally, selected cha landscape characteristics areas a6,r e8, i14, m p find o r t athe n t most a n d suitable their l relationship to the overall landscape patterns. First exclude the areas in the national building in the area (which will caus Exclude the 250-meter radius of eac The ability of a landscape (consider the distance between main to accommodate different amounts of change or According to the finaloftest results, we development a specific type, and valuethe attached wind turbine thatthe meets distance o to the landscape or to specific elements in it.

Through th e l a n d s c aVisual pe Landscape Character Landscape capacity map, Sensitivity the 4,6,8,9 Sensitivity and 14 character areas in the medium level, may High Medium be suitable for further consideration. Medium Medium High

4 Wigtwizzle Hillside Fields

Not big enough to accommodate wind farms with several turbines.

14 Tinker Brook Hillside Fields

More than half of the area is within the Peak District National Park boundary line. It is not possible to let the wind turbine be more than or equal to 350 meters from residential dwelings, and there is a small area 250 meters away from residential dwelings.

WIND TURBINE SITEwind JUDGEMENTS Onshore wind offersSELECTION the most cost-effective choice for new electricity in the UK. Onshore already

9generates Oughtbridge and Wharncliff Ftinge clean power to Urban meet the annual moreareas, than will 7.25 year and produced Tooneeds close toofurban bemillion seen byhomes a largeanumber of nearby residents.

Onshore offers theneeds most incost-effective choice for new electricity in the UK. Five Landscape Character Areas were found to have a Medium 9% of thewind UK’s power 2017 (Wind Energy,Renewable UK). Except for the areas that are 350m away from residential dwellings, the rest of the area is almost entirely woodland where can not accommodate turbines. already clean power to meet needs of more than in total Capacity accommodate wind turbines 8Onshore Burnt Hillwind Farmland withgenerates Our work of this study isWood to design a wind turbine farmthe to annual generate 10MW of energy in thetosuburbs 7.25 homes a yearCentre. and produced 9%isoftothe UK’s in 2017 our analysis. A further jdgement is required to narrow City The aim find thepower best needs solution, test (Wind differentaccording types of to turbine westmillion of Sheffield UK). down dwellings, and specify professional 6Energy,Renewable Kirk Edge Road Upper Openlocation Fields with maximum Except for the areasproduction that are 350m from residential thethe restareas of thefor area is enough to accommodate wind farms with sevseral turbines. combinations and the best energy andaway minmum landscape impact and consideration by whether or not it is suitable for potential future visual impact. development. The figures are based on typical

WIND TURBINE LOCATION GUIDANCE

outputs and wind speeds and are on the conservative side. The figures are based on typical outputs and wind 350m buffer at the turbine The height is measured speeds and are on the conservative side. SITE JUDGEMENTS hub, and within the typical range ve Landscape Character Areas were found to have a Medium Capacity to is accommodate wind turbines cording to our analysis. A further jdgement is required to narrow down and specify the areas for professional for turbines of this rating. Five Landscape Character Areas were found to have a Medium Capacity to accommodate wind turbines The height is measured at the hub, and is within the nsideration by whether oraccording not it isto suitable potential future development. our analysis.for A further jdgement is required to narrow down and specify the areas for professional Preliminary potential area consideration by whether or not it is suitable for potential future development. typical range for turbines of this rating. Removed area (close to urban) Preliminary potential area

ITE JUDGEMENTS

Landscape CharacterLandscape Area Character Area

Removed area (close to urban) Removed area (national park)

LandscapeFuture Character Area Future judgements judgements Wigtwizzle Hillside Fields Not big enough to accommodate wind farms with 4several turbines.

4 Wigtwizzle Hillside Fields

Wigtwizzle Hillside Fields National Park

Removed area (national park)

Suitable for further Future judgements

Not big enough to accommodate wind farms with several turbines.

consideration or not

Suitable for further Suitable for further consideration or not consideration or not

National Not big enough to accommodate wind farms with several turbines. No More than half of the area is within the Peak District National Park boundary line. It is Park not possible to let the wind turbine be more than or equal to 350 14 Tinker Brook Hillside Fields line. It is not More than half of the area is within the Peak District National Park boundary possible to let the wind turbine be more than or equal to 350 meters from residential dwelings, and there is a small area 250 meters away from residential 250m Yes / dwelings. 350m No

14 Tinker Brook Hillside Fields

Potential area

meters from residential dwelings, and there is a small area 250 meters away from residential dwelings.

250m Yes / 350m No

than half area is the Peak National Park boundary line. It is not possible to let the wind turbine be more than or equal to 350 TYPE A More TYPE B of theTYPE C within TYPE D District 9 Oughtbridge and Wharncliff Urban Ftinge Too close to urban areas, will be seen by a large number of nearby residents. Tinker Brook Hillside Fields 250m Yes / No 350m No 9A Oughtbridge and Wharncliff Urban TYPE Ftinge TYPE D residential dwelings. TYPE Bclose to urban TYPE Too areas, willand be seen by a large number nearby residents. No meters from residential dwelings, there is aC small ofarea 250 meters away from Except for the areas that are 350m away from residential dwellings, the rest of the area is almost entirely woodland where can not accommodate turbines.

Rating

100kW

Rating: 100kW Oughtbridge and Wharncliff Urban Ftinge

1MW

5MW Except for2.5MW the areas that are 350m away from residential dwellings, the rest of the area is almost entirely woodland where can not accommodate turbines. 8 Burnt Hill Farmland with Wood

Rating: 5MW 1MWareas, will be seen Rating: 2.5MW Too Rating: close to urban by a large number ofUpper nearby residents. No turbines. 6 Kirk Edge Road Open Fields Except for the areas that are 350m away from residential dwellings, the rest of the area is enough to accommodate wind farms with sevseral

8 Burnt Hill Farmland with Wood

Diameter of swept6 area 22m 52m Kirk Edge Road Upper Open Fields

100m

112m

Yes

SITE JUDGEMENTS Yes Except for the areas that are 350m away from residential dwellings, the rest of the area is enough to accommodate wind farms with sevseral turbines. Diameter swept area:entirely woodland where can not accommodate Diameter of swept area: Diameter area: Diameter swept dwellings, area: the Except forof theswept areas that are 350m away fromof residential rest of theofarea is almost turbines. Burnt Height Hill Farmland with Wood No 30mresidential 60m 80m 100m 100m 350m distance dwelings WIND TURBINE LOCATION GUIDANCE 112m 22mWIND from 52m Five Landscape Character Areas were found to have a Medium Capacity to accommodate wind turbines 250m distance from residential dwelings final potential area main road TURBINE LOCATION GUIDANCE

Kirk Edge RoadHeight: Upper Open 30mFields

according to our analysis. A further jdgement is required to narrow down and specify the areas for professional consideration whether or not it is suitable for potential futurewind development. rest of thebyarea is enough to accommodate farms with sevseral turbines. 250m buffer turbine

Except for the60m areas that are 350m away from 80m residential dwellings, the Height: 100m Height: Height:

Yes

Removed area area ThroughPreliminary sitepotential judgagment to TECHNICAL CONSIDERATIONS TESTED WIND TURBINE LOCATION CONFIGURATIONS TECHNICAL CONSIDERATIONS decide the place to put wind Figure 2: Types of wind turbines. Landscape Character Area Future judgements Source 1: Guidance note: How to identify suitable areas for onshore wind development in your neighbourhood plan. Available from: IND TURBINE LOCATION GUIDANCE turbin, and than through https://www.cse.org.uk/downloads/reports-and-publications/community-energy/planning/neighbourhood-planning-wind-guidance.pdf 4 Wigtwizzle Hillside Fields Not big enough to accommodate wind farms with several turbines. According to the Companion Guide the map to find out the 350 Large size turbine https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Representative-size-height-and-diameter-of-wind-turbines-5_fig1_274533972 Zones ofaTheoretical Visibility (ZTV) Visual (ZVI)Park boundary line. It isNumber hous MoreZones than half of of the area is within Influence the Peak District National not possible toof let the wind tu 14 Tinker Brook Hillside Fields to350m PPS22, practical separation and 250 meter buffer. 250m buffer turbine meters from residential dwelings, and there is a small areameter 250 meters away from residential dwelings. buffer turbine Medium size turbine (where visable ) ( which residential receptors can see ) (bar graph) National Park National Park distance of 350 meters are finally choose the location 9 Oughtbridge and Wharncliff Urban Ftinge Too close to urban areas, will be seen by a large number of nearby residents. dscape character assessment and field study data, and analyze the landscape sensitivity and landscape value suggested away from residential that far from areawhere ca Except for 250 the areasLARGE that are 350m away from residential dwellings, the rest of the area isresidentail almost entirely woodland 250 LARGE 1 (area 14) 1 (area 14) 8 Burnt Hill Farmland nsitivity assessment and landscape value checklist. Weareas believe that the landscape value typewithDWood in consideration of noise. Andof character and main road. 5 6 Kirk Edge Road Upper Open Fields Except for the areas that are 350m away from residential dwellings, the rest of the area is enough to accommodate Woods considering the remaining available woodland main road 350m distance from residential dwelings 250m distance from residential dwelings final potential area road 4 area ofmainthe 350m buffer is not tim es WIND TURBINE LOCATION GUIDANCE very large, we decided to CONFIGURATIONS take the TECHNICAL CONSIDERATIONS TESTED WIND TURBINE LOCATION 0m 10 National Park > distance between the two turbinescharacter area 4 in National Park 350m buffer turbine 50m removed the character area 9 closest to the urban, and deleted f the previous group,>1we 2@100M Large size turbine Zones of Theoretical Visibility (ZTV) Zones of Visual Influence (ZVI) Number of households in the range to be 4 times the rotor size. To take Main area road 14 from the remaining ed character medium-level landscape capacity, and through the selected character Medium size turbine (where visable ) ( which residential5MW receptors can see ) (bar graph) National Park the distance from the residential able location in the area to accommodate wind turbines 250 capable generating 10MW. LARGEof 1 (area 14) 250 LARGE 1 (area 14) area to be over 350m and from the 500M ResidentialWoods area footpath to be over 170m. tim es National Park National Park 1 turbine can be seen 1 turbine can be seen woodland main road 350m distance from residential tional parks in character areas 6,m 8dwelings and 14 , and exclude themain 350-meter-radius of earea ach residential 250m distance from residential finalarea potential road can be seen circular > m 2 turbine can be seen dwelings 2 turbine According to the Companion Guide to PPS22, a practical > 2@100M cause the house to be affected by noise), and find that the remaining suitable area is too small, and then Main road separation distance of 350 meters are suggested away National Park 350 LARGE 1 (area 6) 350 LARGE 1 area (area 5MW 6) for placing wind turbines of each residential building, and use the remaining area as the most suitable from residential areas in consideration of noise. And Residential area TESTED WIND TURBINE LOCATION CONFIGURATIONS ECHNICAL CONSIDERATIONS main road, woodland, and tributary). large and medium wind power for combined testing. 350m distance considering the remaining availableFinally, area ofselect the 350m 1 turbine can be seen from residential dwelings 1 turbine can be seen 250m distance from final potential area main road

turbine

im es

350m buffer

im es

150

100

According to the Companion Guide to PPS22, a practical buffer is not very large, we decided to take the distance separation distance of 350 meters are suggested away

Large size turbine

2 turbine can be seen

350 LARGE 1 (area 6)

2 turbine can be seen

350 LARGE 1 (area 6)

350m distance from residential dwelings ZONE OF THEORETICALTECHNICAL VISIBILITY (ZTV) CONSIDERATIONS ZTV is a computer-generated tool to identify the likely (or theoretical) extent of Large size turbine visibility of a development. The elevation of the development is tested against a 3D size turbine terrain model. The ZTV applied in this study only takes landformMedium into consideration and computer-generated.

250m dis

TESTED LOCATION CONFIGURATIONS TESTEDWIND WINDTURBINE TURBINE LOCATION CONFIGURATIONS Zones of of Theoretical Visibility (ZTV) (ZTV) Zones Theoretical Visibility (where visable )

Zones of of Visua Zones Vi ( which residen

(where visable )

( which resid

250 LARGE 1 (area 14)

250 LAR

Woods 4

tim

ZVI is similar to ZTV. It is mapping of areas from which development can be seen >100m allowing for obstacles like landform, trees, buildings >150metc. The ZVI applied in this study only takes building height into consideration but ignores vegetation height. Main road 35

TESTING PROCESS

final potential area

im es

ZONE OF VISUAL INFLUENCE (ZVI)

main road

National Park

2@100M 5MW

Residential area

According to the Companion Guide to PPS22, a practical 1 Through Landscape Character Assessment and Landscape Sensitivity separation distance of 350 meters are suggested and Value analysis, five areas (LAC area 6,8,9,4,14) with medium capacity wereaway from residential areas in consideration of noise. And obtained for further consideration. considering the turbines, remaining available of theto350m 2 Remove area 4 that is too small for placing area 9 that isarea too close buffer is not very large, we decided to take residential areas in the east, and areas within national parks. Area 6,8, the anddistance 14 between the two turbines to be 4 times the rotor size. were obtained for further consideration. To take distance from residential area 350m to be over 3 Set 350m and 250m buffers. We the found most of thethe area 8 are within 350m and from the footpath to be over 170m. and 250m buffers and the remaining land use of area 8 is woodland which is

not suitable to accommodate turbines. Area 6 and 14 were obtained for further ZONE OF THEORETICAL VISIBILITY (ZTV) consideration. 4 Test ‘250 large 1’ in area 14. We found the remaining area in area 14 out of ZTV computer-generated tool totoidentify the likely (or 350m buffer is too small but area outisofa 250m buffer has potential accommodate theoretical) extent of visibility of a development. 2 large turbines. And because the remaining area out of 250m and 350m buffer in The testedturbines againstin a 3D area 6 is almost the same, so elevation we decidedoftothe testdevelopment one group of is 2 large terrain model. The ZTV applied in this study area 14 out of 250m buffer and several groups in area 6 out of 350m buffer. only takes landform and computer-generated. 5 Test ‘350 large 1, large 2 and largeinto 3’ consideration in area 6. Determine the position of points that satisfies all conditions of distances (distance from residential areas, OF VISUAL INFLUENCE footpath, and distance betweenZONE two turbines) and place large turbines(ZVI) (type D, height 100m, rotor 112m) in all these positions. We found 6 points that fit the bill. ZVI is similar ZTV. It is mapping of areas from which And because the closer each turbine is, the to less visibility it creates. We decided development can be seen allowing for obstacles to test 3 groups of 6 large turbines, every two next to each other, in area 6 out of like landform, trees, buildings etc. The ZVI applied in this 350m buffer. study 2’ only takes6 building height into consideration but 6 Test ‘350 medium 1 and medium in area height. turbines (type C, height ignores vegetation Same as large ones tested above, we placed medium 80m, rotor 100m) and found 4 points that fit the bill. And because of the same TESTING PROCESS principle,we decided to test 2 groups of 4 medium turbines, every two next to each other, in area 6 out of 350m buffer. 1 Through Landscape Character Assessment and Landscape Sensitivity and Value analysis, five areas (LAC area 6,8,9,4,14) with medium capacity were

1 turbine can 2 turbine can

1 turbine can be seen 2 turbine can be seen

350 LA

350 LARGE 1 (area 6)

National Park

2@100M 5MW

1 turbine can be seen 2 turbine can be seen

1 turbine can 2 turbine can

350 LAR

350 LARGE 2 (area 6)

National Park 1 turbine can be seen 2 turbine can be seen

350 LARGE 3 (area 6)

2@100M 5MW 1 turbine can 2 turbine can

350 LAR

350m distance from residential dwelings

UAL INFLUENCE (ZVI) dwelings stance from residential

woodland

main road

TECHNICAL CONSIDERATIONS

V. It is mapping of areas from which Large size turbine e seen allowing for obstacles like Medium size turbine National Park ildings etc. The ZVI applied in this ilding height into consideration but Woods al Influence (ZVI) (ZVI) Zones of of Theoretical Visibility (ZTV) isual Influence Number households eight. tim in the range es 1 turbine can be ntial receptors can see ) (where visable ) seen m

RGE 3 (area 6)

According to the Companion Guide to PPS22, a practical separation distance of 350 meters are suggested away from residential areas in consideration of noise. And considering the remaining available area of the 350m buffer is not very large, we decided to take the distance between the two turbines to be 4 times the rotor size. To take the distance from the residential area to be over 350m and from the footpath to be over 170m.

National ZONE Park OF THEORETICAL VISIBILITY (ZTV) ZTV is a computer-generated tool to identify the likely (or theoretical) extent of visibility of a development. The elevation of the development is tested against a 3D terrain model. The ZTV applied in this study only takes can be seen landform into consideration and computer-generated.

1 turbine 2 turbine can be seen ZONE OF VISUAL INFLUENCE (ZVI)

1000M

TESTING PROCESS 1 Through Landscape Character Assessment and Landscape Sensitivity and Value analysis, five areas (LAC area 6,8,9,4,14) with medium capacity were obtained for further consideration. 2 Remove area 4 that is too small for placing turbines, area 9 that is too close to residential areas in the east, and areas within national parks. Area 6,8, and 14 were obtained for further consideration. 3 Set 350m and 250m buffers. We found most of the area 8 are within 350m and 250m buffers and the can be seen remaining land use of area 8 is woodland which is not suitable to accommodate turbines. Area 6 and 14 were can be seen obtained for further consideration. 4 Test ‘250 large 1’ in area 14. We found the remaining 6 area in area 14 out of 350m buffer is too small but area out of 250m buffer has potential to accommodate 2 large turbines. And because the remaining area out of 250m and 350m buffer in area 6 is almost the same, so we decided to test one group of 2 large turbines in area 14 out of 250m buffer and several groups in area 6 out of 350m buffer. 5 Test ‘350 large 1, large 2 and large 3’ in area 6. Determine the position of points that satisfies all conditions of distances (distance from residential areas, footpath, and distance between two turbines) and place large turbines (type D, height 100m, rotor 112m) in all these positions. We found 6 points that fit the bill. And because the closer each turbine is, the less visibility it creates. We decided to test 3 groups of 6 large turbines, every two next to each other, in area 6 out of 350m buffer. 6 Test ‘350 medium 1 and medium 2’ in area 6 Same large ones tested above, we placed medium can be as seen turbines (type C, height 80m, rotor 100m) and found 4 can be seen points tha t fit the bill. And because of the same principle,we decided to test 2 groups of 4 medium turbines, every two next to each other, in area 6 out of 350m buffer.

National Park

1 turbine 2 turbine

350 MEDIUM 2 (area

2000M

National Park

1 turbine 2 turbine

)

250 LARGE 1 (area 14)

Zones of Visual Influence (ZVI) 1 turbine can be seen ( which residential receptors can see ) National Park

main road

woodland

1 turbine can be seen 2 turbine can be seen

350 LARGE 2 (area 6)

1 turbine can be seen 2 turbine can be seen

350 LARGE 1 (area 6) 1000M

2@100M 5MW 1 turbine can be seen 2 turbine can be seen

5MW

1 turbine can be seen 2 turbine can be seen

National Park

1 turbine can be seen 2 turbine can be seen

350 MEDIUM 1 (area 6)

National Park

1 turbine can be seen 2 turbine can be seen

4@80M 2.5MW

350 MEDIUM 2 (area 6)

National Park

1 turbine can be seen 2 turbine can be seen

2000M

1 turbine can be seen 2 turbine can be seen

350 LARGE 3 (area 6)

4@80M 2.5MW

5000M

1 turbine can be seen350 LARGE 2 (area 6) 2 turbine can be seen

350 MEDIUM 1 (area 6) 2@100M National Park

500M

350 LARGE 3 (area 6)

350 LARGE 1 (area 6)

2@100M National Park 5MW

2000M

Number of households in the range (bar graph)

2@100M 2 turbine can be seen 5MW

1 turbine can be seen 2 turbine can be seen

350 MEDIUM 1 (area 6) ZVI is similar to ZTV. It is mapping of areas from which

development can be seen allowing for obstacles like landform, trees, buildings etc. The ZVI applied in this study only takes building height into consideration but ignores vegetation height.

Zones of Visual Influence (ZVI) ( which residential receptors can see )

250 LARGE 1 (area 14)

>100 0m

1, large 2 and large 3’ in area 6. sition be seen of points that satisfie s all ces (distance from residential areas, be seen ce between RGE 2 (areatwo 6) turbines) and place e D, height 100m, rotor 112m) in all e found 6 points that fit the bill. And each turbine is, the less visibility it d to test 3 groups of 6 large turbines, ch other, in area 6 out of 350m buffer. 1 and medium 2’ in area 6 s tested above, we placed medium eight 80m, rotor 100m) and found 4 bill. And because of the same ed to test 2 groups of 4 medium be seen next to each other, in area 6 out of be seen

>150m

,14) with medium capacity were consideration. hat is too small for placing turbines, ose to residential areas in the east, tional parks. Area 6,8, and 14 were consideration. 50m buffers. We found most of the 350m and 250m buffers and the be of seen area 8 is woodland which is not be seen odate turbines. Area 6 and 14 were ARGE 1 (area 6) onsideration. in area 14. We found the remaining of 350m buffer is too small but area as potential to accommodate 2 large use the remaining area out of 250m area 6 is almost the same, so we group of 2 large turbines in area 14 and several groups in area 6 out of

2@100M 5MW

Zones of Theoretical Visibility (ZTV) (where visable )

dential receptors can see ) (bar graph) 2 turbine can be seen CESS Main road 350 LARGE 3 (area 6Residential ) RGECharacter 1 (area 14) Assessment and cape area 500M vity and Value analysis, five areas

250m distance from residential dwelings

TESTED WIND TURBINE LOCATION CONFIGURATIONS

im es

final potential area

main road

2@100M 1 turbine can be seen 5MW 2 turbine can be seen 3 turbine can be seen1 turbine can be seen 4 turbine can be seen2 turbine can be seen 350 MEDIUM 1 (area 6)

5000M

350 MEDIUM 2 (area 6)

10000M

4@80M 2.5MW 1 turbine can be seen 2 turbine can be seen 3 turbine can be seen 4 turbine can be seen

350 MEDIUM 2 (area 6)

10000M

1 turbine can be seen 2 turbine can be seen 4@80M 3 turbine can be seen 2.5MW 4 turbine can be seen1 turbine can be seen 2 turbine can be seen 3 turbine can be seen 4 turbine can be seen

From OS open stre From OS open street map and digimap.

MAKING JUDGEMENTS

VISUALISATIONS OF OPTIONS

From the testing process and ZTV and ZVI analysis data, ‘250 large 1’ has the minimum visible area of ZTV maps, ‘350 medium 1’ has the minimum visible area of ZVI maps, and ‘350 large 3’ has the minimum number of visible residents within 2km. However, ‘250 large 1’ is too close to an ancient wood ‘Glen Howe Park’ which has a negative impact on the human visitors and nonhuman residents in the woods. And 250m is closer to residential areas at the level of noise. In terms of the number of visible residents, ‘350 large 3’ has less total quantity than ‘350 medium 1’ within 2km. In addition, considering these factors in the following order: People living in nearby residential areas > people trekking in the national park > people entertaining in the nearby nature> people working nearby> people walking by > people driving by, we finally came to the conclusion that ‘350 large 3’ was the most suitable location for placing turbines, which caused the least comprehensive visual impact.

VIEW POINT 1: 0.2km from main traffic

ORDER OF RECEPTORS LOCATION OF VIEW POINTS

VIEW POINT 2: 0.4km from main footpath

VIEW POINT 3: 0.6km from main trafficc

In the National Park

Outside the National Park

1, 3, 4, 7

2, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12

VIEW POINT 4: 1.5km from farm

VIEW POINT 7: 4km from peatland in national park

VIEW POINT 10: 5.5km from woodland

VIEW POINT 5: 2km from settlement

VIEW POINT 8: 4.5km from woodland (turbines are blocked by settlement)

VIEW POINT 11: 8km from farm

VIEW POINT 6: 2km from settlement

VIEW POINT 9: 4.5km from footpath

VIEW POINT 12: 10km from settlement in City Centre

05. ENERGY LOOP

Waterway and Green-Corridor Space Design Planning

Location Taipei, Taiwan Type Academic/Team Work Carrying Out Date May, 2018

The site is located in the suburban hills area between Mount Nangang and the city, as the city and nature are separated by Zhongxiao East Road. Within the framework of the government’s Redevelopment of East Taipei Project and Nangang Review, my aim is to assess the use of facilities and surrounding systems and to connect them with the Nangangshan Wetlands and other natural resources to increase the possibility of interaction between people and nature. An extension of the elevated connectivity system and strengthening of the path system will reduce the barrier created by Zhongxiao East Road, and important public facilities, Nangang Mountain and ponds in the area will be connected to create a dynamic new image for Nangang.

SITE ANALYSIS

Nangang City Development Zone is located between the Nangang Mountain and Keelung River. Neihu District

Due to the presence of Nangang Mountain, urban development is concentrated in the northern area, making people feel unfamiliar with the mountain.

Songshan District Keelung River

The development of blocks and natural forests extends around 1,600 meters from east to west, and around 300 metres from north to south. My design will focus on providing urban access to nature and enhancing the environment.

Sijhih District

Xinyi District

Nangang Mountain Range

ShihdingDistrict

Shenkeng District

SITE ELEMENTS URBAN

MOUNTAIN Trail

Pond

1895-1945 Agricultural Period

Farmland

Military Base

1945-2000 Industrial Period

Skatepark

Historical Remain

Transshipment Hub Music Center

2000-2017 Industrial Transformation Period

2017- Economic and Trade Period

POTENTIAL

STRATEGIES

NATURAL ECOLOGICAL RESOURCES Nangang Mountain and the wetlands are protected and constitute important ecological habitats with high levels of biodiversity

1.Create a loop trail system

TRAFFIC ACCESSIBILITY Many public transport options can be reached to increase accessibility

3.Facilitate energy exchange on both sides of Zhongxiao East Road

OPEN SPACE The area has a large public open space which would be easy to modify

2.Provide multiple leisure functions

4.Protect and strengthen existing ecological conditions 5.Create a diverse ecological stepping stone corridor

MASTER PLAN

Nangang Station

Business Building and Hotel

TAIPEI POP MUSIC CENTER Main Concert Hall

Parking Tower

Shopping Mall

Industry Center Pop Music Culture Center

5 6

Nangang Depot Co-constructed Congregate Housing

Ministry of Health and Welfare

Nangang Wetland Park

1.ECOLOGICAL EDUCATION DISTRICT 2.SKATEPARK 3.LEISURE SPACE

Xinzhuang Pond

4.MUSIC CENTER PARK

Sanchong Pond

5.NANGANG DEPOT CORRIDOR 6.CITIZEN FARM

100

200m

ECOLOGICAL EDUCATION DISTRICT

興中路

Provide public consultation and displays of information on mountain trails and wetland parks, using technology to instantly display animal activity captured through automatic cameras.

In addition to substantial space design, it also reminds people of mood changes experienced when moving from urban spaces to natural spaces. 2

忠孝東路

0cm -50cm -100cm 5

-150cm

1.Sunken Plaza 2.Flower Trail 3.Sky Walkway 4.Environmental Education Center 5.Circular Observation Trail 6.Sky Forest Trail 0m

10m

20m

A circular arc-shaped lake walkway that slowly rises upwards from the square, allowing people to observe plants and animals at different heights at close range. Planting hydrophilic plants around the trails will also attract birds to the area.

The elevated walkway is mainly used to separate animals and people. The ground space is left to the animals in order to prevent human interference. It also allows people to view different perspectives and horizons as the trail elevation changes, and also observe the flora and fauna in their natural habitat.

MUSIC CENTER PARK and NANGANG DEPOT CORRIDOR

5 3 1

150cm 100cm 50cm

50cm

100cm

6 +700

7 8

1.Plaza 2.Concave Turf 3.Rain Garden 4.Co-Prosperityplayground 5.Youbike Rental Station 6.Air Corridor 7.Viewing Deck 8.Corridor 0m

10m

1500

1300 1000

Congregate Housing

Green Space

Pergola

Corridor

Green Space

Viewing Deckx

Pavement

Concave Turf

+700

Plaza

20m

This area hopes to be used by residents of nearby neighborhoods or the collective residence, such as walking, running, cycling or children's activity space. It also serves as one of the links of stepping stone corridor, extending the greenery to north.

RAIN GARDEN CONCEPT Rainwater collects in the concave turf area and passes through a buried pipeline into the rain garden next to it.

Alee-tree Bike Lane

Pavement

Playground

Pavement

Pavement Rain Graden

SKATEPARK and LEISURE SPACE

+600

UP 6%

+420 +300

+100

4 3 5 400cm 350cm 100cm

150cm

300cm 250cm UP

200cm

50cm

+200

2 UP

1.Passenger Bridge 2.Entrance Image 3.Skatepark 4.Recreational Area(1F) Observation Point(2F) 5.Bosque Plaza 6.Sloped Lawn 7.Lawn Area 0m

10m

20m

Nangang Station Courtyard by Marriott

Office Building

Level 30

CITYLINK Sopping Mall

Level 14

Parking Tower Level 12

Level 02

To Pop Music Culture

To Nangang Software Park 2F

Level 00

MRT

TRAIN

High Speed Rail

Rock Climbing

Pavement

Bike Lane

Three-lane Road (265 Alley)

Pavement

Nangang Station (parking tower)

This design utilises the existing bridge system of Nangang Station to connect and extend to the Northern Pop Music Centre. The height differences in the corridor are utilised to create a skate park, while plants provide users and spectators with a safety barrier.

In the future, the urban area is not a towering high wall, but the animals and plants in Nangang Mountain can freely cross Keelung River to Neihu District. People can enter Nangang Mountain Range and discover the beauty and strength of nature.

OTHER WORK Model making

Planting and construction detail

Hand drawing