Hydro-Logic Park by Chris Cox

HYDRO - LOGIC

Park

Chris Cox MA Landscape Architecture

Theory, Proposition and Place

HYDRO - LOGIC

Site location and data

42% of the housing stock is safe from flooding

Park

58% of the housing stock is at risk to flooding

Housing stock growth 75% of the housing stock is at risk to flooding

7,600 properties

9,000 approx properties

Site Location / impressions

Flood

Safe

Looking at a range of scales to understand the regional and local location of the wyre 2014

2100

Time

Key

Flooding

Salt

Brackish

Fresh

Types Of Flooding And Risks

Time Flooding provides a range of water types that are expected to increase in presence across the landscape

Main Ecologies Water based

Agricultral expanses

Coastal Plains

Landmarks

Industrial Core

Enclosed coastal marsh

Heritage

Vegetation Types

Coastal Plain

Mosslands

Open Coastal Marsh

Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3

Quality Of Land

Grade 4 Grade 5 Urban

Wyre Average

Lancashire Average 7.6% 42.7%

29.6%

31.6%

25.6%

8.9% 19.2% 7.8%

Views extending from knott-end on sea across the expansive coastal flats of the wyre

8.2% 10.5%

8.3%

Theory, Proposition and Place

HYDRO - LOGIC

Place Analysis

Park

Key Survey Information / Interpretation A snapshot of the key survey information extracted from Wyre. Information that is essential in forming an understanding of the site condition and what contrains and opportunities exist.

Flooding Predictions By 2100

Potential flood zones

Water Types

Flooding possibility

Salt / brackish

0.5m Flood Depth Increase

843mm Sea Level Rise

19% More Properties ar Risk to Flooding

2014

25% Peak Flow Increase Current flood

Long Term flood

Fresh

The extend and dynamic nature of flood movements across this area presents a number of clear threats, yet also a influx of water types that can be used to create new opportunities

Woodland Formations

2100

Initial Interpretation

Macro

Connectivity

Soaking up the water upstream

Seed

Identify

Woodland pockets provide a valuable biocentric resource. This currently fragmented and limited particularly through the urban Lentic (Still) Waters

Unfold

Emerge

One one major access route connects the urban west with the upland low lying rural plain, a void of contact and exploration in the most dyanamic part of the wyre.

Land Quality / Drainage

Micro Exploring the flood zone as a rich dynamic arena

Agricultural Grade 2

Still water bodies provide a great resource for farms, fishing and local economies. These are however limited given the abundance of water throughout the wyre.

4/5

The wyre contains the largest section of high grade agriculural land in the north west, mostly with a high drainage intensity to cope with flooding.

Reed

Temporary pools

Salt Marsh

Intertidal

Swamp Open waters

Marsh

Theory, Proposition and Place

HYDRO - LOGIC

Proposition And Potential

Park

Initial Testing

Current Relationship

Personal Proposition

Woodland

Using Biocentic processes to Stage Anthropocentric opportunities Anthropocentric Opportunity

Fragmented, isolated and underutilised

Freshwater Dispersed and limited in avaliability and scale

Potential Relationship

Water

Rich riparian woodlands

Exploring, canoeing, retreat, fuel, food.

Open waters / swamps

canoeing, wild swimming, adventure, fishing

Fluid Dynamics

Strategy

Water from a threat to

resource

Infiltrate into soft

human framework

Programme filled landscape of reuse

Rich, Fertile Soils

Soft Coastal Planting

Versatile yet used only for inflexible intensive farming

Limited in favour of highly engineered hard edges

Precedents - Adaptive systems of reuse.

Adaptive Fritting

Water Vascular System / Starfish

Fluidics

Water Meadows

flood defence, water supply, food, alternative grazing

Light shifting environments that are responsive to natural input , Adapt and change dynamically to control human conditions.

Water used to meet physical demands. Expelled with no environmental damage. A concept of continual reuse demonstrated.

Fluid explored as a natural dynamic to performing operations.Utilised as a high energy self maintaining stream. Manipulative self regulating resource.

Coastal Lagoon

micro / ecologies, fuel harvesting, education..

Design Development 1

HYDRO - LOGIC

Lentic Islands

Park

Coastal flooding

Agricultural Coastal plain

Pluvial flooding

Urban zones

Coastal / Estuarine Fringe

Brackish

Estuarine flooding

Wild, naturally shifting arena of ecologies

Intensified nodes of parkland amenities entwined by water

Changible wetland mix integrated with routes and trails

WYRE

Conditions

Salt

Diagram Methodology

Soomaa National park land of the bogs

Toronto islands park

Big Bend saltwater paddling trail Florida

Hydr - L gic Park Water flows

Water As Process

Flowing water Systems

Fresh

Systems

Inland Riverine flooding

Still water Systems

Utilising flooding to reprogramme the landscape

A series of â&#x20AC;&#x153;spaâ&#x20AC;? pool ecologies

Secluded Islands bounded by a dynamic water system

landmannalaugar natural thermal

Mainau Island Natural drinking water

Performance

Place

Design Development 1

HYDRO - LOGIC

Lentic Islands

Park

Still / Standing Water Systems

Create unique oasis / diversity hotspot

Context on site

Flood

Drought

Long term

Reservoirs Increase Tourism numbers

Island Approach Lentic water Systems

Lakes Seed Species

Selected vegetative structure suited to adapting to the current and potential conditions

Still

Site specific species

The development of a structure given the current and expected conditions.

Establish with conditions A vegetative structure is achieved with species suited to the location and purpose

Landscape Management

Diversity of structure

Coppicing the wood as a management strategy. Aimed to extend to use and longevity of the structure

Coppicing will increase light pockets and encourage the growth of species which stagger the age of the woodland and add more canopy layers

Enhance Biodiversity

Retaining structures

Canoe / Raft building workshops

New ecologies and spaces are created to encourage and meet the needs of a greater range of species.

Led classes on the construction of canoes and rafts to be reused on site

Extracted Raw Material

The form and processes of the space can be retained during natural erosion using the durable weather resistant properties of this wood

Coppiced Alder Wood

Temporary Rainwater pools

Reuse

Water hardy structures

Ponds

Smoking Fish

Being resistant to water decay makes alder wood ideal for repairing & constructing new walkways across the water creating new access routes

Alder makes an ideal smoking wood to be used on fish. The fish caught on site can be cooked using this wood and supplied to visitors

Wooded Refuge Riparian woodland fringe

Productivity Identifying Potential

Creating a lentic island as a refuge

Establishing Boundaries

Future Operational Condition

A Re-Energising

A Re-Hydration Island

Foraging Haven

What conditions may emerge? 1

Seasonally flooded pools

Moist, shaded banks 20

1 3

Fresh

Initial

Dry

Fresh

Salt

Potential

form

Transformation

Potential Island Ecologies

Riparian Woodland

Salt water intruded fringes

15 10

Raised freely draining soils

Consistently flooded deep pools

Swamp

Reed

Open freshwater pools / lakes

Freshwater marsh

Urtica dioica

Vaccinium corymbosum

Rubus idaeus

Mentha aquatica

Althaea officinalis

Allium ursinum

Rich in vitamins A, C, D, iron, potassium, manganese, and calcium. Nettle soup, cordial, tea.

Edible fruits containing antioxidants â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;superfoodâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;

Fruits and leaves rich in Vitamins. Source of Iron and can be combined with Urtica dioica for anemia treatments - Energy levels.

Distinctly aromatic leaves can be crushed to made a herbal tea for fevers. Also used to sooth stomach cramps.

Used as a vegetable substitute with medicinal qualities in treating bits and inflammations.

Entirely edible plant with scented edible leaves cooked or raw. Rich in Vitamin C and used as a great blood cleansing herb

Prunus avium

Nasturtium Officinale

Alnus Glutinosa

Fagus Sylvatica

Tidal - Salt Marsh

Edible fruit high in sugars to boost energy levels. The fruits can also be made into jams and preserved.

Significant iron, calcium, iodine, and folic acid levels. A stimulant which can b eaten raw or used in other dishes - soups

Catkins edible and rich in protein. Wood harvested as a smoking fuel for other foods.

Leaves can be used to flavour gins whereas the edible nuts provide 22% protein with a unique sweet flavour. Also offers a coffee substitute.

Design Development 1

HYDRO - LOGIC

Lotic Spa

Park

Water Systems with a flow regime

Flood

Drought

Long term

Potential Spa conditions

Major Rivers

Site Context

Layers of opportunity

Stable lentic waters heated hydroelectrically from upstream flows

Tributaries

Lotic water Systems

Opportunity

Short term

Long term projections

Concealed, retreative Thermal Pools The amount of water within the area will provide the potential for more thermal pools integrated within the colder freshwaters

Flowing Heated combination of peat soils and freshwater

Streams

Freshwater Mud baths Smaller pockets within the emergent fringe may provide the opportunity of heating more catchments of waterlogged peat soil to form healing mud baths. Estuary

Emergent fringe ecologies - wooded communities between pools

Wooded shelter / jumping spots Infiltrated catchments provide edge for emergent communities to form and increasingly expand throughout the network of pools. Riparian woodland with changeable dryer pockets

Assets Identified flow regime Freshwater flood zone Existing freshwater pools Earthworks Cut and fill

Dikes

Damming

A dike constructed from the extracted pool material is used to keep salt waters out and maintain an entirely freshwater space.

Hydro-electricity

Freshwater pools sit within naturally heated thermal pools. A medley of wild spa like pools driven by the rivers flow.

freshwater riverine flooding moving through filtration

Freshwater swimming pools

Lotic Testing

As floodwater naturally seeps into the area infiltrating the catchments natural erosion over time may blur the boundary edges and craete new pool forms and typologies.

Spring fed pockets of open fresh water marshes - food and shelter Identifying Potential Flows

Reprogramming the flood plain

Transformation / Time

Migratory water fowl sightings

Transformation / Time

The intensity created of a freshwater zone may embrace a number of different habitats. For example an uncontrolled waterlogged edge condition may be inhabited by migratory water fowl.

Consistently low winter temperatures freezing shallow pools

Winter Ice skating arena

5 5

10 5

form

Tributaries

Existing pools

Flow regime

Floodzone

Freshwater

10 5

Initial

During the winter months particular areas containing shallow pools of water may freeze over and provide a skating arena which may change every year.

Design Development 1

HYDRO - LOGIC

Coastal Fringes

Park

Identifying Potential area of water interaction, using existing channels, topography vegetation..

Coastal Fringes

Varying waters = dynamic stages

Low waters

Initial

Potential

3d form

Transformation

10 15

5 5

“Shallow creeks and subtle dry / wet transitions between meadows”

Map context

Identifying Potential

Tidal Inflows

Change without intervention

Developing microclimates

Possible rich dynamic arena

How might flood waters unfold with intervention

Current flood zone

Long term potential Possibilities / contextual views

“ Vast open lagoons with pockets of swampland and corridors of tall reed and fern”

Potential flood zone

Precedents - Wild, accessible routes

Big Bend saltwater padding trail

Creek Safari Swim

Metlakatla Wilderness Trail

Prolonged Floods

large scale extensive trails of unique flora and fauna Specific routes to exploring the coastal diversities and rich ecologies from hardwood hammocks to tidal salt marsh. Exploration without trace.

An open water swimming event that takes visitors downstream for an inland starting point through changing water salinities and ecologies

Its name , Metlakatla translating to“saltwater pass” given its natural coastal condition and opportunity.

A natural condition utilised as an arena for an alternative economy, competitors paying an entrance fee to be reinvested back into the maintanence of the route.

3 sandbars are accessible at low tide with access following the natural topography of the shoreline.

“A diverse network of flowing and standing waters with open exposed waters and reclusive swamp pockets ”

Design Development 1

HYDRO - LOGIC

Agricultural and urban

Park

New urban forms & function

Potential opportunity Assets

Hydro-logic Transformation

Topogrphical safe grounds Saltwater flood / resource zone Road network - Aquatic network

Roads form new river / access network. Bounding saltwaters provide a new urban function Identified safe ground provide fixed stable areas.

Initial

Potential

form during storm surge

Transformation

Change

without intervention

Escaping through the mysterious aura of a coastal bog plain with pockets of concealed, isolated micro-ecologies River network speeds up flooding for new urban functions Unbalanced lower flood prone grounds allow biocentric processes to take over - salt water conditions emerge. Safe nodes are strengthened and raised gradually to provide a flexible edge.

Over time urban nodes sit within a dynamic arena of coastal salt waters with networks of aquatic links to other dispersed urban safe grounds.

Bog Shoeing

Agricultural Coastal plain

Lahemaa national park

Fixed urban space Flexible urban space

How might flood waters unfold

with intervention

Coastal fringe

Initial condition - intensified agricultural zone across a low flat lying alluvial floodplain at threat to seasonal coastal and freshwater flooding.

Current flood zone

Short term impact - consistent and progressing tidal flooding creates waterlogged pockets as the drainage ditches begin to slit up and develop emergent mossland communities

Increasing coastal innundation dissipates across raised bog soils with the silted drainage channels providing a unique patchwork of vegetation and micro-ecologies

Flood zone

Potential flood zone

Process

Urban zones

Potential

Current

Possible opportunity layer - wild cranberry hunt Collected berries can form part of a â&#x20AC;&#x153;stomping eventâ&#x20AC;? crushed by foot to make, juices, wines, jellies

Visualisation

Harvest the berries of this self seeding species

Higher water levels on the fringe may emerge the discovery of floating mats of wild cranberries

Guided groups can venture out into the most isolated regions of the coastal plain

Design Development 1

HYDRO - LOGIC

Island Areas and Inspiration

Park

Liard Hot springs - Canada

Hampstead Ponds

Naarden town

Natural formation of 3 large freshwater ponds which are used as single sex and mixed swimming pools. The 3 swimming ponds sit within a complex of 30 ponds and act as a community hub for regular swimming events and health clubs. The winter months provide muh colder waters yet still popular as a highly re-energising opportunity

Lotic Aquatic Systems

Mekong Delta

Formed by two thermal pools - Alpha and Beta pools. Each with its own unique character with “Beta” being larger than alpha and slightly cooler and deeper. The pools fit within the Liard River Hot Springs Provincial Park complex and are integrated as an integral opportunity alongside adventures through the surrounding ecologies , water swamp and boreal forest.

Freshwater “spa” pools

Biocentrically driven and maintained

Programmed

An intensified town inhabiting a fortness type landscape. The outskirts of the town flooded as a historic defense strategy - the water shaping the urban form.

Economy created and supported by surrounding watersfish markets, caged fish breeding, rice paper making, export links and transport (river boats)

Shows how the urban form has been relocated to safer grounds to now sit sercurely amongst a drowned town. Rising waters adapted to by the urban

The rivers act as streets and provide key navigational routes to other small villages where goods can be exported and exchanged.

The aquatic surroundings provide the town with its own distinct entity and opportunities within the netherlands

The urban form becomes shaped by the criss cross streams and rivers fed by the Mekong River.

Urban - Aquatic Boundary

Flood dependant Parkland islands Surroundings integral to urban function

Programmed

5 Freshwater islands

Agricultural Coastal Plain

Advancing coastal bogland

Rich, wild explorable “sponge” like grounds

Non -Programmed

Hydration “Treasures” across the landscape

Programmed

The contrasting dynamics create a transition into an “instant jungle” for exploration and adventure.

An oasis of freshwater in a vast solitary dry landscape where the freshwater is captured in the natural undulating formation of wind swept sand dunes

An untouched condition / environment that embraces flooding as a “fifth season” that refreshes the landscape character types - bogs, native forests and flooded meadows. (land of the bogs)

The worlds biggest swamp shows what pockets of communities can develop in regularly flooded areas.

The pools fill up with rainwater during the first six months (wet season) and can gradually dry up over time only to be refilled the following year.

Allowing natural processes to unfold has turned the land around its rivers into biologically diverse floodplains and wooded meadows.

The pools form a precious water supply in a desolate landscape

Visiting the park is encouraged during the fifth (flood) season

Functions as a natural giant filter with moor pits absorbing toxic substances and carbon fixing. It provides a home rare species such as cranberries, cloudberries and bog bilberries with nesting grounds for birds fearing no human interferance. A natural system view as having no analogs but freely changing as a vast resource.

Urban Islands

The island becomes its own “place” and serves as a refuge for butterflies and sensory plants which cannot be found outside the island boundaries.

Vasyugan swamp

Lentic Islands / Retreats

The surrounding freshwaters create a boundary for a distinctive peaceful oasis with its own unique attractions.

Soomaa National Park Lençóis Maranhenses National Park

Lotic ISpa Pools

Mainau Island

Lentic Islands

Lentic Aquatic Systems

Design Development 1

HYDRO - LOGIC

Parkland Visualisations

Park

Expanses across the lentic islands

Foraged food is cooked over campfires at night

The winter provides shallow skating pools across the spa

Stormy seas create a hive of activity upon the refuge

lotic spaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s provides a summer refreshment

Foraging the lentic flooding fringes

A diverse range of fauna and wildife emerge across the coastal fringes

Design Development 2

HYDRO - LOGIC

Planting Philosophy

Park

Typical Island

Context - Develop the ambition discovered in the performance of a “lentic” island. Expanding its potential from not only rehydrating tourists but refuelling by the use of vegetation

Range of island conditions Seeding edible potentials

Purpose - Strengthen the islands as biocentrically created “treasures” across the parkland that are essential stop off spaces for visitors to refuel and forage for foods that emerge in season. Exacution - Used hydroseeding as a large scale, fluid and dynamic approach to create and seed diverse seed mixes of edible species that are suited to the island conditions. Maximising edible potentials and dealing with possible steep sided banks.

Shaded banks

Deep Swamp

Shallow Swamp

Riparian Peaks

Flooding Fringes

Wooded Refuge

Jan Jan Jan Jan Oct

Jan

Oct

Jan Oct

Apr

Jan Oct

Apr Oct

July

Oct Oct

Apr

July

Oct

July Oct

Oct

Apr

Oct

Apr

July July

July

Sambucus Nigra

July

Viola odorata

Apr

Nuphar lutea

Hosta longissima

Ribes lacustre

July

vaccinium uliginosum

Apr

Mentha Aquatica

Oct

Pontederia cordata

Oct

Human Occupation Nasturtium Officinale

Cyperus Esculentus

July

Typical Topography

Jan

Apr

Asparagus officinalis

Oct

Apr

Urtica dioica

July July July

Jan

July

Jan

July

Jan

Apr

July

Fagus Sylvatica

Oct

Apr

Rubus Idaeus

Foraging season

Oct

Allium urisinum

Jan

Apr

Gunnera tinctoria

July

Jan

Oct

Butomus umbellatus

Jan

July

Sinapis hirta

July Jan

July

Apr

Actinidia arguta issai

Oct

Apr

Prunus Avium

Oct Oct

Jan

Apr

Design Development 2

HYDRO - LOGIC

Planting Approach

Park

H Y D R O S E E D I N G

I S

The process of combining seed, mulch, fertilizer, and trackifiers with water to mix in a Hydroseeder tank forming a viscous slurry. This slurry is applied with pressure jets to the surface for seed germination to begin

Planting preparation and possible emergence Island Sample

1 Preparation Green Manure

Tilling Eliminate weed competition which would reduce the diversity of the structure, a process of green manure is applied as an organic method of improving the soil structure and increase the chances of edible species establishing.

Broadcasting

Germination

62-125 kg per hectare of green manure seed is broadcasted. Species specific to provide a high groundcover and outcompete weeds. Seeded in winter whilst weed growing conditions are least productive

The cover crop germinates at a fast gate, at this stage other weed growth is not a major issue as the rapid growth of the cover crop will establish a monoculture within 2-3 weeks, enhancing the soil structure in time.

Fiberous growth Pearl millet - large biomass covers the soils in 15 days to overcrowd weeds and develop a fiberous root system to prevent soil erosion upon the lentic island banks during strong winds and rain. The root system also breaks up the soils to increase its water holding capacity and improve aeration

Decomposition

Rich fertile soils

The cover crop is cut above the topsoil and left to cover the surface as a organic mulch for around 2 weeks as it decomposes, surpressing weed growth further and improving the soil structure. Shading and cooling the soil surface and providing a habitat for weed eating insects such as the ground beetle.

The resulting soils have a greater structure in terms of nutrient, organic content, water infiltration and weed control to lessen the competition for edible species growth. The stage is set for seeding.

Core Ingrediants Seed Mix

Diverse seed mix tailored to suit and thrive in the seeded conditions identified

Fertilizer

Added to aid the supply of essential nutrients for growth and germination survival

Water

An essential element to kickstart seedling growth and acts as a carrier for spraying the mix greater distances

Trackifer

Wood fibre Mulch

A biodegradable soil adhesive that holds the new soil matrix together during heavy rains and storms on steep sided banks

Provides high levels of moisture retention and insulation for faster germination.

Water retentive polymers

Helps retain soil moisture and seed contact with water to prevent the conditions drying out during germination

2 Application Hydroseeding

First application

Rich and robust structure

Over time the nature of the seeding method provides a wild dynamic where edible species inhabit the array of conditional zones of the island. Consistent maintanence to remove invasive species and aggressive weeds is needed to maintain a diverse palette of species and maximise the potential edibility of the island.

Second application

Germination / management

Seeded Scheme

Initial Application

Planning / Identification

The seeding conditions created by the use of green manure mean the germination stages occur with little competition from weeds. Still to remove weeds at this stage of the structures development is essential for the long term stability of a diverse structure.

The hydroseeding mix is hosed directly across the soil surface with each mix applied to its specified conditionalboundary. The mulch made from biodegradable wood fibers absorbs moisture and holds it in place to support seed germination. Any rainfall after this does not wash the seedlings away but is held in the mulch for seed growth.

Initially smaller conditional areas are hydroseeded as part of the schemeâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s planting programme. Shallow swamps may be first and this may take one day to cover the specified area before preparing the other conditional mixes for application.

Each potential area is identified by its current and potential conditions and a hydroseeding mix of species is applied to each of these areas. Seeds specificed in pounds are calculated for each conditional zone according to its spatial capacity / acres.

Technologies

Mix

Biodegradable erosion control mats ensure stable growing condition on steeper banks. Deployed prior the seeding and will degrade into soil without trace in time.

Design Development 2

HYDRO - LOGIC

Vegetation Approach and Application

Park

Plant Edibility

Seed

Root

Flower

Bulb

Leaf

Stem

Fruit

Key Species Deep Swamp

Flowers Apr to May Edibility * Fruit *Seed

Flowers May to June Edibility * Fruit *Seed

Vaccinium corymbosum

Bacopa caroliniana

Trapa natans

Pontederia cordata

Flowers June to Aug Edibility * Leaves *Root *Seeds

Flowers Jul to July Edibility * Flowers *Fruit

Flowers April to May Edibility * Fruit

Prunus avium

Sinapis alba

Sambucus Nigra

Rubus idaeus

Prunus insititia

Flowers Jun to July Edibility * Fruit *Sap

Flowers April to May Edibility * Flowers *Leaves

Flowers April Edibility * Fruit *Seeds

Flowers Jun to Aug Edibility * Root * Fruit *Stem *Leaves

Flowers July to Sept Edibility * Leaves *Seeds

Mentha aquatica

Gunnera tinctoria

Persicaria hydropiper

Vaccinium oxycoccos

Viola odorata

Ribes lacustre

Allium ursinum

Oxalis acetosella

Flowers Jul to Sept Edibility * Leaves *Seeds

Flowers July to Aug Edibility * Leaves

Flowers Jun to Aug Edibility * Fruit

Flowers Jul to Aug Edibility *Stem

Ribes nigrum

Actinidia arguta issai

Oenanthe javanica

Flowers Jun to July Edibility * Seeds

Flowers Jun to Aug Edibility * Leaves *Oil *Seed

Elaeagnus umbellata

Butomus umbellatus

Shallow Swamp

Shaded Banks

Riparian Peaks Flowers Jul to Sep Edibility * Leaves

Flowers May To June Edibility * Fruit *Leaves

Flowers Jul to Sep Edibility * Root *Seed *Tuber

Nasturtium Officinale

Aponogeton distachyos

Flowers May To June Edibility * Flowers *Leaves *Root

Wild garlic and sesame noodles with fired oyster mushrooms

Flowers Feb to April Edibility * Flowers *Leaves

Flowers Apr to May Edibility * Fruit

Oyster mushrooms

Flowers Apr to Oct Edibility * Flowers *Root *Stem

Flowers May to Oct Edibility * Leaves *Seeds

Lionâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Mane

Local saltmarsh lamb with poached lions mane mushrooms Locally caught trout with pan fried shiitake mushrooms

Nettle soup

Roasted waterchestnuts

Rose petal wine

Wild Rubus Crumble

Wood sorrell and onion tart

Rose Hip Jam

Autumn olive jelly

Candied Beechnuts

Wild Rose Hip Soup

Rosehip jelly

Beech Leaf Noyau

Weeds: Knotweed chilled soup & Knotweed muffins

Wild Cherry biscuits

Wild garlic soup

Elderflower champagne / cordial

Damson Pie

Wild Rubus Crumble

Spring Kiwi juice

wild salad garnished with yellow rocket

Wild Plum wine

Minature sweet Kiwiâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s

Barbarea and ursinum soup

Shallow Swamp

Gunnera tinctoria

Asparagus officinalis

Vaccinium oxycoccos

Mentha aquatica

Nasturtium Officinale

Ribes lacustre

Storing to harvesting a range of mushrooms including shiitake, lions maine and oyster.

Cyperus Esculentus

Between seeded mixes - trampled pathways

Whats edible during dormant seasons?

Actinidia arguta issai

Prunus insititia

Barbarea vulgaris

Barbarea verna

Sambucus Nigra

Allium ursinum

Mushroom fruiting logs are scattered throughout the structure in damp shaded spots. Prepared logs will produce fruit for upto 5 years before a new batch will need to be dispersed across the structure

Prunus avium

Viola odorata

Riparian Peaks

Plantago major

Elaeagnus umbellata

Oxalis acetosella

Rubus idaeus

Fagus Sylvatica

Shaded Banks / Riparian Peaks

Ribes nigrum

Viola odorata

Pasta and nettle pesto

Viola infused vinegar

Wild Fungi

Urtica dioica

Persicaria hydropiper

Swamp hosta

Stir-fried water spinach and garlic

Hosta salad garnishes with water pepper and watercress

Waterchestnut salad with pickerel weed leaves

Pontederia cordata

Ipomoea aquatica

Water caltrop

Oenanthe javanica

Butomus umbellatus

Shallow / Deep Swamp

What edible possibilities may emerge across the island as a whole?

Stinging nettle beer

The rural wild character is retained by this method as visitors trample down soft routes and edges which will over time aid to surpress weeds and carve natural routes to explore.

Thuja plicata

These edges and spaces may need to be cut back at times, particularaly during establishment of species to aid the subtle definition of the routes through the island.

Sinapis alba

Spaces between the seeded species are left clear to be managed and trampled by visitors into access routes through the mix of diverse species, infitting with the character of the space.

Rosa canina

Shiitake mushrooms

Semi-Traditional Marshmallow

Candied tigernuts

Tigernut cake

Trout and wild asparagus

Wild Mint tea

Gooseberry chutney

Gooseberry tart

Mackerel and gooseberry salad

Saltmarsh Lamb with wild mint sauce

Design Development 2

HYDRO - LOGIC

Vegetation Approach and Application

Park

Hydroseeding Schedule and Notes Shallow Swamp

Conditional Area

Macro

Micro

Hydroseeding Species pallette

Indicative planting plan for a typical Island

Indicative planting plan for foraging classroom

Shallow Swamp Palette PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

(SC) (SH) (AD) (NC) (MA) (CE) (PH) (SG) (WA)

250 m 50m VC Conditional boundaries

BC PI

OJ TN

+5m BU

+3m

+5m

35m

+15m

Deep Swamp 1

Deep Swamp Palette

MA VO

AAI

Willow Wicker fruit pickers

+20m Foraging shelter

Shallow Swamp

Riparian Peaks Elaeagnus umbellata

EU AAI

Deciduous climber trained on walkway boarder

Rubus idaeus Deciduous Shrub - Woodland Fringes

Spreading Deciduous Tree - Singular patches

25m

1 5

20m

Spreading Ground cover - isolated clusters to define space and spread out over time

Persicaria hydropiper Nasturtium Officinale

Shaded Bank 1 3

Shaded Bank Palette 5

(BA) (BV) (SN) (AU) (VO) (RN) (PI) (CR)

Barbarea verna - land cress Barbarea vulgaris - yellow rocket Sambucus Nigra - Elderberry Allium ursinum - Wood garlic Viola odorata - Sweet violet Ribes nigrum - Blackcurrent Prunus insititia - Damson Gunnera tinctoria - Chilean rhubarb

Aquatic perennial - Marginal growth in linear belts across the shallow pool edges

Deep Swamp RN

Viola odorata

Bulbous herbaceous perennial - Isolcated clusters spread out in defininf colonies over time

Hydroseeding in May after the process of green manure has been carried out across the site.

Oenanthe javanica Bacopa caroliniana

Butomus umbellatus

Pontederia cordata

Shaded Bank 3 0.30 acres 600 lbs Mulch 120 lbs Fertiliser 104 lbs Seed

Shaded Bank 5

Riparian Peak 1

OJ BC BU

herbaceous perennial - Lining the pond margins to creep into the deeperwater over time

herbaceous perennials - marginal clump forming spreading acorss the deep swamp edges

Deep Swamp Schedule / hydroseed mix (PC) 40% (BU) 40% (BC) 20%

Deep Swamp 2 0.18 acres 360 lbs Mulch 72 lbs Fertiliser 62 lbs Seed

Schedule / hydroseed mix (BC) 30% (WC) 30% (OJ) 25% (PC) 15%

Schedule / hydroseed mix

Deep Swamp 4

Schedule / hydroseed mix

(OJ) 20% (VC) 30% (PC) 20% (WC) 30%

0.20 acres 400 lbs Mulch 80 lbs Fertiliser 69 lbs Seed

(OJ) 40% (VC) 20% (BU) 25% (PC) 15%

Schedule / hydroseed mix (BC) 40% (BU)10% (PC) 20% (WC) 10% (CW) 20%

Seeding Notes Hydroseeding in May after the process of green manure has been carried out across the site. Where land is too wet to hydroseed, direct seeding can occur using a drum seeder with the same seed mix as indicated. Hydroseeding takes precedent where possible

Shaded Banks

Schedule / hydroseed mix (PI) 35% (VO) 30% (SN) 20% (BV) 10% (CR) 5%

Schedule / hydroseed mix (VO) 3o% (BV) 20% (AU) 10% (PI) 40%

Schedule / hydroseed mix (BA) 35% (SN) 10% (RN) 30% (CR) 25%

Shaded Bank 2 0.50 acres 1000 lbs Mulch 200 lbs Fertiliser 173 lbs Seed

Shaded Bank 4 0.22 acres 440 lbs Mulch 88 lbs Fertiliser 76 lbs Seed

Schedule / hydroseed mix (AU) 30% (SN) 30% (BV) 20% (CR) 20%

Schedule / hydroseed mix (RN) 35% (SN) 25% (BA) 15% (BV) 10% (VO) 15%

Seeding Notes Hydroseeding in May after the process of green manure has been carried out across the site. Split application used - Seeded first and second mulch layer applied after for bank stability. Biodegradable erosion blankets installed on loose soils or on slopes upto 1:1

Riparian Peaks

Conditional Area

Sprawling emersive herb - Small cluster in the deepest waters to spread out between species over time

Mat forming ground cover - Isolated clusters to define space and spread out over time

Allium ursinum

Trapa natans

Aquatic perennial - medium cluster in the marsh like soils, a controllable formation

large-leaved perennial - Lining the shaded transitional edge with the moist swamp soils

(AD) 50% (NC) 50%

1:500 @A1

Aquatic annual - Medium cluster in the deepest waters, a controllable formation

Deciduous Tree - Small clusters of planting on the most exposed edges with its tolerance to maritime winds

Gunnera tinctoria

0.40 acres 800 lbs Mulch 160 lbs Fertiliser 138 lbs Seed

0.04 acres 80 lbs Mulch 16 lbs Fertiliser 14 lbs Seed

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

Deciduous Shrub - Belts upon the dappled most shaded edge

Prunus insititia

Vaccinium corymbosum Evergreen shrub - Lining the swamp edge to colonate along a linear mire

Deciduous Shrub - Clusters on the woodland - shaded bank transition edge

Schedule / hydroseed mix

Seeding Notes

Conditional Area

Mentha aquatica

Shaded Banks

Sambucus Nigra

0.14 acres 280 lbs Mulch 56 lbs Fertiliser 48 lbs Seed

0.35 acres 700 lbs Mulch 140 lbs Fertiliser 120 lbs Seed

Ribes nigrum

Deep Swamp 3

Deep Swamp 5

10m 5m

Semi-aquatic perennial - Mat forming clusters in the transition to deeper waters

(SC) 20% (SH) 10% (MA) 30% (WA) 10% (SG) 30%

0.06 acres 120 lbs Mulch 24 lbs Fertiliser 21 lbs Seed

(SC) 50% (PH) 20% (NC)20% (SG) 10%

Ribes lacustre

Oenanthe javanica - water celery Bacopa carolinianna - lemon bacopa Vaccinium corymbosum - blueberry Ipomoea aquatica - Chinese water spinach Butomus umbellatus - Flowering Rush Pontederia cordata - pickerel weed Water caltrop - water chesnut

15m

Annual herb - Several small patches in the cold, shallow ditches in the swamp.

Oxalis acetosella

30m

(OJ) (BC) (VC) (CW) (BU) (PC) (WC)

0.40 acres 800 lbs Mulch 160 lbs Fertiliser 138 lbs Seed

Deciduous shrub - Large cluster on gradual wet sloping soils

Sinapis alba

40m

Vaccinium oxycoccos

35m

Evergreen dwarf shrubs - indicates the transition to moist soils on the shallow fringes

Prunus avium

Aquatic perennial - Marginal growth best suited to the progressivly deeper central waters

Deciduous Shrub - linear stretches creating a soft boundary between species

Actinidia arguta issai

Aponogeton distachyos

250 m

SA PI

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

GT PH

Schedule / hydroseed mix

Shallow Swamp 4

Conditional Area

+10m

AD RL

Shallow Swamp 5

(MA) 90% (SG) 10%

0.25 acres 500 lbs Mulch 100 lbs Fertiliser 87 lbs Seed

Schedule / hydroseed mix

Foraging Educational zone See planting plan 1.2 for detail PA

PH VC

Schedule / hydroseed mix

0.04 acres 80 lbs Mulch 16 lbs Fertiliser 14 lbs Seed

Shallow Swamp 2

Figures based upon ration of standard hydroseeding application. Per Acre: 2000lbs Mulch : 400 lbs fertilizer : 345 lbs Seed EU AAI

Trampled grass Pathways - clear

Shallow Swamp 3

Small rafts and waders to take people into the deeper waters.

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

(SH) 30% (CE) 30% (AD) 30% (WA) 10%

0.35 acres 700 lbs Mulch 140 lbs Fertiliser 120 lbs Seed

Schedule / hydroseed mix

0.20 acres 400 lbs Mulch 80 lbs Fertiliser 69 lbs Seed

Small cranberry - Vaccinium oxycoccos Swamp hosta - Hosta longissima Aponogeton distachyos - Water hawthorn Nasturtium Officinale - Watercress Mentha aquatica - Water mint Cyperus Esculentus - Nut grass Persicaria hydropiper - Water pepper Ribes lacustre - Swamp gooseberry Asparagus officinalis - Wild asparagus

Shallow Swamp 1

Riparian Peak Palette

(RI) (FS) (UD) (PA) (AAI) (RC) (OA) (WM) (AO) (BP)

Rubus idaeus - Raspberry Fagus Sylvatica - Beech Urtica dioica - Nettle Prunus avium - Wild Cherry Actinidia arguta issai - Hardy Kiwi Rosa canina - Dog rose Oxalis acetosella - Wood sorrel Sinapis alba - White mustard Elaeagnus umbellata - Autumn olive Plantago major - Broadleaf plantain

0.60 acres 1200 lbs Mulch 240 lbs Fertiliser 207 lbs Seed

Riparian Peak 3 0.60 acres 1200 lbs Mulch 240 lbs Fertiliser 207 lbs Seed

Riparian Peak 5 0.94 acres 1880 lbs Mulch 375 lbs Fertiliser 324 lbs Seed

Schedule / hydroseed mix (AAI) 35% (BP) 10% (WM) 30% (UD) 25%

Schedule / hydroseed mix (FS) 40% (PA) 25% (AO) 10% (OA) 25%

Schedule / hydroseed mix (FS) 30% (RC) 30% (AO) 10% (BP) 15% (OA) 15%

Riparian Peak 2 0.85 acres 1700 lbs Mulch 340 lbs Fertiliser 295 lbs Seed

Riparian Peak 4 0.80 acres 1600 lbs Mulch 320 lbs Fertiliser 276 lbs Seed

Riparian Peak 6 0.60 acres 1200 lbs Mulch 240 lbs Fertiliser 207 lbs Seed

Schedule / hydroseed mix (RI) 20% (PA) 10% (OA) 30% (WM) 20% (FS) 20%

Schedule / hydroseed mix (RC) 25% (UD) 30% (PA) 30% (WM) 15%

Schedule / hydroseed mix (AAI) 40% (RI) 30% (OA) 10% (WM) 10% (UD) 10%

Design Development 2

HYDRO - LOGIC

Management

Park

Indicative key Riparian Peak Edibility

Shaded Bank Edibility

Shallow Swamp Edibility

Deep Swamp Edibility

Salt water intrusion Edibility

Aggressive / Destructive Species

Watercolour aerial swatches of island transtions Poor Management

Negative Vision Ineffective management that creates inbalance between sensitive conditional areas. An abundant monoculture

Monoculture Singular Limited Fixed Uninspiring

Flooding Future

Establishing

Seeded

The edibility and diversity of the structure may begin to shrink, consumed by singular species that limit the diversity of the structure and provide a singular opportunity that drastically restricts the opportunities present.

Productive Management

Fruitful Vision Subtle management that guides an integrated set of conditions full of diversity and productivity

Flooding Future

Establishing

Seeded

Vivid Diverse Exciting Varied Changeable Active

Methods of achieving vision

The core richness of each condition is still maintained even if is boundaries have moved and merged with each other. Destructive growth is tamed and controlled to maintain an active varied diversity of promise and opportunity.

Selective Grazing -

Working with the landscape conditions to manage and maintain diversity without the use of chemicals

Potential Situation

Boer Goat Key Asset Clearing large areas of thick brush upon steep Island slopes

A small herd of goat can clear the bounded space of invasive poisonous species which would reduce the potential diversity of the structure spreading over time.

Scotch broom - invasive & poisonous spreading across the sloping banks and consuming the diversity of the structure to a monoculture with few edible opportunities. impassable and inedible

Portable fencing to bound the invasive zone. This can vary in size and form to suit the sprawl of invasive woody species and form a temporary boundary that can be used various times across the island.

Area cleared without herbicides and edibles replanted to strengthen diversity

Potential situation Bucktorn and Knapweed begin to overwhelm the riparian peaks and steep sloped banks reducing diversity and restricting the foraging access routes throughout the island.

Action A medium size herd are grazed over a temporary period to entirely clear the area of woody trees / weeds. Regeneration of a edible diversity can then be achieved by livestock that are adapt to the topography.

Weeder Geese Key Asset Cutting back only the weed grasses during germination

Potential situation Nut grasses, sedge and chickweed estabilish and dominate the moist riparian banks of the lentic island, greatly reducing the edible diversity of the structure.

Action The identified target area is bounded off with portable fencing with 6 geese per acre as a rule being used in the space to gradually cut back these dominant weed grasses.

Potential Situation

Light footed weeder geese reduce aggressive grass numbers which could grow and consume the seeded edibles during germination. They also provide eggs for consumption and act as natural â&#x20AC;&#x153;manure spreadersâ&#x20AC;? to fertilize the soils.

Perennial grasses such as Johnson and nut grass could establish during germination and quickly consume areas stunting the growth of the seeded edibles and threatening the foraging opportunities.

Edible species are more likely to establish with the reduction of competitive grasses. The geese can clear the understory where grasses may dominate and create a condition for planting ginger and sweet potatoes.

Design Development 2

HYDRO - LOGIC

Vegetation Approach and Application

Park

Intensive method - Hand Pulling

Guiding method - Booms Within the germination stages provides the most aggressive competition. Regular handpulling to gain great accuracy and elemination ,although labour intensive will increase the chances of seed survival and the long term establishment of the island.

The increase in water levels may provide the grounds for deploying floating barriers. This to subtly restrain the growth of particular dominance and create zones of activity that can be left for biocentic processes to fulfill

Without management

Productive method - Harvesting Dominance of aggressive species consuming the edibility of a diverse structure into a monoculture of limited opportunitys on a fixed timescale

E.g harvesting expansive clusters of watermint between July & October will create new grounds for growth and supply the refuge with a mass of mint teas

E.g Water Pepper consuming an entire planting pallette. Initial pallette seeded 7-8 species -one species remains (one opportunity)

% of structure seeded - Timescale Typical lentic island is 8 acres which is to be hydroseeded in conditional phases

Future Progression / Change

Large masses of vegetation can be cleared when they are in season. This will clear expansive trails of vegetation and create voids of light, microclimates for new growth

25%

55%

73%

89%

100%

A Saltwater pallette emerges in the next 20-30 years if the flooding processes fulfill their expectations

Sea samphire

Sea beet

Sea lavender

Sea Purslane

A boom in management of the structure will required as the flood waters provide another layer of opportunity to the structure. Its boundaries may blur with the encroaching tide and provide the staging for new edibles

High

Initial Condition - Typical

Day 1

Day 2

Day 3

Day 4

Weed levels

% of 8 Acre structure seeded

18%

55%

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

16%

11%

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

Management Intensity & Tools Initial intensity to establish high rates of germination and a robust future structure

Structure diversity Variable with seasons yet gradually increasing with establishment of seeded species across varying growing rates

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

Soil Structure

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

Site Preparation and seeding phase

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

Action 3 = Hydroseed Shallow Swamps

Action 4 = Hydroseed Deep Swamps

Structure Edibility

Hydroseeded area:

4.4 acres

Hydroseeded area:

1,46 acres

Hydroseeded area:

0.9 acres

Hydroseeded area:

1.27acres

Variable with seasons yet gradually increasing with establishment of seeded species across varying growing rates

Total Mulch required:

8780lbs

Total Mulch required:

2920lbs

Total Mulch required:

1800 lbs

Total Mulch required:

2540 lbs

Total Fertiliser Required:

1755lbs

Total Fertiliser Required:

1755lbs

Total Fertiliser Required:

360 lbs

Total Fertiliser Required:

598 lbs

Total Seed Required:

1516lbs

Total Seed Required:

505lbs

Total Seed Required:

311 lbs

Total Seed Required:

437 lbs

Action 1 = Hydroseed Riparian Peaks

2,500 Gallon Working Capacity Tank

Action 2 = Hydroseed Shaded Banks

1,500 Gallon Working Capacity Tank

335 Gallon Working Capacity Tank

Within the next 7-10 years the structures edibility will gradually rise as the seedlings mature and establish within the seasonally fruiting cycle. A salt water intrusion may halt this edibilty in the short term yet with the potential creation of new growing conditions will increase the growth of edibles in the distant future.

335 Gallon Working Capacity Tank Low

Green Manure Process Site preparation

Hydroseeding process

Day 1 & 2

Day 3

Day 4

Germination Phase

Day 4

T Preparation

Application

Long term flooding Phase -New salt water stage 10+ years

Establishment Phase 2-10 years

Seed to 1 years

The vision over the next 10 years shows the gradual decrease in intense management, letting a robust structure evolve with guidance when required. The diversity and edibility form a positive correlation, the management a neautral relationship

E Germination

Establishment

Design Development 2

HYDRO - LOGIC

Construction and Materiality

Park

Personal Interpretation

Drying Fringes Core Surfaces

Textural Plan

A consistency in the surfaces finish to reflect the sense of place and over time develop a sense of character

Key Precedent

Galvanised steel stepping grates

Refuge Materiality and Spatial Layers

Natural Formation - Giantâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Causeway

Salt Pod

Freely draining meshwork of galvanised steel with rigidity and flexibility to the tidal processes

Balistic prisms formed over 50-60 million years ago. Opportunities to venture to the waters edge. The weathered rock has formed an extensive flexible edge exposed to the coastal processes that attract an extensive number of tourists every year.

Elastic Edge Flexible Edge

Grit blasted concrete sitting edge

Food Stall

A fine textural surface which portrays the weathered windswept surroundings. Tactile yet smooth enough for sitting Temporary Restaurant

Changing Rooms

Keelung Port

Social Fold out deck

Unfixed modules that allow for interaction and expression. The extension of the decking material into the organic forms provides a sense of harmony with limitless outcomes. They can fom instant playgrounds or sit dormant as sculptural features.

Rock Salt finish concrete pool walls

Flexible Edge

A reflection of the coastal salts which will wash in and out of the pool the intricate intendations give a sense of

Drying off fringes

BBQ Deck BBQ deck

Reclaimed oak decking

Tidal Salt pod

Weathered, stable and full of impurities that add character and a unique rugged, authentic feel to the Structure

Social Unfold Exposed Aggregate

Elastic Edge

Unconcealed like the surroundings with a rough, ragged appeal of course regularity. A granular texture that blends in with the tide beaten shoreline.

Macduff, Tarlair Swimming Pool - Scotland Rural, rugged lido pool exhibiting a range of key services and features. Changing rooms, concrete terracing, boat ramp access...The weathered stone surfacing is reflective of the exposed location and creates a harmonious and subtle creation of a lido pool carved out of the rocky shoreline.

Suporting Studies - URS_Work Placement

HYDRO - LOGIC

Park

PHASE ONE LANDSCAPE MASTERPLAN

Suporting Studies - Vegetation structures

HYDRO - LOGIC

Park

Woodland

Ornamental

Agricultural

Woodland Edge