SELF-BUILD
COMMUNITY
A s oc i al hous i ng p r oje c t i nc l udi ng r e fuge e s Chr is tina Kas talag m agnus s en - T hes is fall 2017 Aarhus s chool of architecture
G ro w in g p la n t s
Art is t ic
R EUS ED m at e r i al s
I DE NTI TY
S EL F-BUI L D addi tio n
ADAP TAB LE t o n e e d o f s p a c e
SELF-BUILD
COMMUNITY
T i m e l i ne , m e t hod and t he ar c hi t e c t s r ol e Chr is tina Kas talag m agnus s en - T hes is fall 2017 Aarhus s chool of architecture
SOC I A L HO US I N G
P R IVAT E CO -H O U SING
P R I V A TE H O US I N G
HYBRID Acquire a share and
HYBRID 50% are collective self-building by the users the rest by professionals
HYBRID
provide ‘Building aid’ before allocation
Frame, roof, plumbing and installations by professionals the rest build by user
S O C I A L H O US I N G
P R IVAT E H O U SING
P R IVAT E H O U SING
HYBRID
HYBRID Frame, part off facade, roof, plumbing and installations by professionals the rest build by user
20% build by the community owners, the rest by professionals
EVERYTHING self-organized and build by Walter Segal Method
HOUSING COOPORATION GDR
HOUSING “IM FANG“
NEUSTADT 12 ´LEHRERHAUS´
Austria
Germany
NACHTGÄRTLE Austria
Austria
Simplest possible building method developed by cooperative Dornbirn, that allow unskilled men and women to participate in the construction. Young families get the opportunity to own their own home without a long mortgage. The wood skeleton build on a grid of 3,6m framed by a carpenter in six days. Roofing, plumbing, and installation don by professionals, all else by owners.
A Gothic townhouse (partly protected) from 1430, where two courtyards has been transformed in a co-housing project with 11 apartments and common spaces for children, workshop, common office etc. 50 % of the work has been done in collective self-building. The first project where collective self-building on this scale was done in a historic building. By architects Feldkirch/ Vorarlberg.
A logical realization of “building and living communally”, developed by the architect Wolfgang Juen. 20% of the building is built by the community owners, to which the architect belongs. The building consist of different layers. Private row houses in one side, and a private winter garden to the other, with shared space inbetween
A project developet by Walter Unterreiner in close cooporation with the residents, which consist of individual homes within a communal frame. The project included self-building by the residents, with an radical cost efficiency and ecological approach. The architect delivered a scares frame which the resident could fill out as they wished.
Germany
ABROAD
“Every citizen and every family needs to be assured of a dwelling that satisfies their needs” In order to raise the necessary capital, the members had to acquire a share in the cooperative. In addition, the members had to provide a so-called ”building aid” (self-help) before the allocation of an apartment - either at the AWG building project itself or generally in the local construction industry.
1850
1913
1950
1954
WALTERS WAY & SEGAL DRIVE England An initiative by Walter Segal and the residents, to make affordable homes in London. Unskilled men and women build their own homes by using the method called Walters Way. The method contained a user manual which the residents used to assemble their houses.
1970
1977
1978
1979
1981
1983
ÖKO. GEMEINSCHAFTS WHONANLAGE
1985
1984
INDUSTRIALIZATION
IMPROVEMENT OF WELFARE
VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE
COOPERATIVE HOUSING
HØM-HUSE
All of Denmark
Suburbs of Denmark
FREMTIDENS ETAGEBOLIGER
TRUDESLUND Birkerød
Concept Before the industrialization people build their houses them selves.
IN
DENMARK
E c o n o m i c REASONS FOR SELF-BUILDING
Cooperative housing in the early nineteen hundred became the predecessor for social housing as we know it today. The original idea was to create a housing situation that was better than the misserable conditions of renting and give them a possibility to partly own their own flat. This was built as apartment blocks.
HYBRID Acquire a share and can change the interior as they want
SOC I A L H OU SI N G
As a reaction to the expensive, small housing opportunities in the cities, Niels Stellan Høm who was the first person in Denmark, to open his own firm, HØM HUSE, where he made it possible for unskilled men and women, to build their own houses. The house were delivered in prefabricated elements, which could easily be put up in a weekend.
Won the first price in a architectural competition about rethinking the apartment block. The idea was to crate an artificial landscape of concrete slabs, with room for various types of building constructions. The buildings would express the social life lived in the area, but the project, made by Susanne Ussing and Carsten Hoff, was never realized.
A co-living project by Vandkunsten, where the residents were their own builder. Today the community is still functioning they way it was designed and can be described as a good and inclusive neighborhood community. Every day the residents gather for the communal dinner, where they all takes turn in cooking.
HYBRID Elements, installations and plumbing by professionals the rest by user
HYBRID Concrete slaps and pillars build by proffessionals, the rest by user
HYBRID Some facades, roof, installations and plumbing by professionals the rest by user
P RI V A TE HO US I N G
P R I V A TE HO US I N G
P R I V A TE C O -H O U SING
THE MEANING OF SELF-BUILDING
P H I S I C A L - YOU BUILD YOUR OWN HOUSE, CRAFTSMANSHIP, SELF ESTEEM, OWNERSHIP
GUIDED SELF-BUILDING
SELF-BUILDING KIT
METHODS
SELF-BUILD REFURBISHMENT
M HUSE HØ
HØM HU Order now!
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Co-living concept - Self dessision
ARCHITECTS
ROLE
Self- buil - eco village (extreme)
EVENTS AND WORKSHOPS
M HUSE LEADER OF THE DESIGN HØ TEAM
ON SITE SUPERVISOR HØM HU
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Co-living concept - Self dessision
M HUSE HØ
Self- buil - eco village (extreme) HØM HU
Order now!
Co-living concept - Self dessision
Self- buil - eco village (extreme)
SE
SE
INSTRUCTOR
SELF-BUILD
COMMUNITY
T i m e l i ne , m e t hod and t he ar c hi t e c t s r ol e Chr is tina Kas talag m agnus s en - T hes is fall 2017 Aarhus s chool of architecture
S E MI P R I V A TE H O US I N G HYBRID People rent a lot for 50 years, they can do what they want on the plot
SOCI A L HOUSI N G HYBRID Living space created and maintained by the residents
P RI V A T E C O- V I L L A G E EVERYTHING
S O C I A L HO US I N G
made by the users and focus on eco friendly materials
HYBRID Self-building expansions are added after move-in, by the residents
HOMERUNSKWARTIER Holland
MIETERGENOSSENSCHAFT SELBSTBAU EG Germany We are a tenants’ cooperative that plans and implements residential projects with its members. Affordable and self-determined living is the focus here. The self-imposed goal of SelbstBau eG is primarily a good, secure and socially acceptable housing supply for members of the cooperative. Affordable living space is created and maintained by the residents.
FINDHORNE ECO-VILLAGE
QUINTA MONROY
Scotland
Chile A radical approach to create an frontier for sustainability. The village consists of eco buildings and functiones as an educational and learning environment for universities , school groups and professional organisations worldwide. The village focuses on organic food, renewable energies, water systems and circular economy.
1990
1995
A project by Alejandro Aravena, to tackle the challenge of accommodate a hundred families cheap. We thought of a typology that, as buildings, could make a very efficient use of land and as houses allowed for expansion. The houses were built in 36m and allowed expansion to the double.
2001
2002
IN DENMARK
2004
Homeruskwartier is a self-build district in the town of Almere. The development was launched in 2006, and will eventually consist of 3400 homes of which more than 1000 in collective private clients. By 2017 the all of the plots were sold. Variety and diversity determine the special character of the neighborhood.
“ It is stupid to think that houses should be build by somebody else, your house.” - Jürgen Van Staadten
2006
2009
2015
2018
E c o n o m y - E c o l o g y - S u s t a i n a b i l i t y - I d e n t i t y - D i v e r s i t y - C o m m u n i t y REASONS FOR SELF-BUILDING
FRILAND
DEN SELVFORSYNENE LANDSBY
Rønde
TANNKEFULD
GODSBANEN
NYBYGGERNE
URBANIA
Svendborg
Aahus
TV-Show
Copenhagen
A new sustainable town in development, whit Room for diversity and close contact to nature. The residents create a whole new atmosphere, with the possibility for identity and self-building processes.
Institute for (x) - cultural house who’s creative base is untameable and unpredictable. The outdoor spaces and park areas are public and we invite everyone to use and co-produce them. The mission is to create the best possible neighborhood for all, which facilitate and enhance cultural activities organically.
A tv show that have been running in Danish television for three years now. The concept are four families, competing against each other to win their dream house. They start out with a raw house, finished on the facades, in which they can do the interior and the outdoor spaces as they want.
Urban, sustainable and social co-living development, which inspires our surroundings. Innovative and inclusive, with democracy and user driven process. The residents will be included from the idea phase, to the move in and using the dwelling.
HYBRID A innovative and inclusive co-living project with room for diversity
SO CIAL AND CO -H O U SING
Vester Skerninge A new form of village could develop without debt, property speculations, and without burdening nature. The residents could self-build by using cheap materials such as reused windows, straw, flax, mussles and pudding of unburned clay.
Organic co-living village with room for diversity and variety. Interaction across ages and a sustainable way of living, is the key. Work together with Eco-communities to influence the society we live in today.
“ We have the possibility to crate a whole new atmosphere. What we see in architecture today is sad and soporific. ” - Emil, self-builder Tankefuld
EVERYTHING made by the users and focus on eco friendly cheap materials
EVERYTHING made by the users and focus on organic and eco friendly materials
EVERYTHING build by the users, as they want on municipalities plot
HYBRID A raw house delivered from contractor to be transformed by user as they wish
P RI V A T E C O- VI L L A G E
P R I V A TE C O -V I L L A G E
TE MP O R AR Y H O U SING
P R IVAT E H O U SING
HYBRID People have the possibility to build what they want with their bought plot
P R I V A TE HO US I N G HAVE CHANGED
P H I L O S O P H Y - YOU CHOOSE YOUR OWN HOME, OWNERSHIP, IDENTITY
SELF-BUILDING WITHIN A FRAME
DIVERSITY TO CITY THROUGH SELF-BUILDING
SELF-BUILD EXPANSION
M HUSE HØ
HØM HU Order now!
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Co-living concept - Self dessision
MEDIATOR
LEGAL ADVISOR
ACCOUNTANT
ENGINEER Self- buil - eco village (extreme)
BUILDING
M HUSE HØ
HØM HU Order now!
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REGULATION
BR
17
SELF-BUILD
COMMUNITY
Ex p r e s s i on and us e r p ar t i c i p at i on Chr is tina Kas talag m agnus s en - T hes is fall 2017 Aarhus s chool of architecture
Ru l es f o r u se/ O rg a n i za t i o n
Pro g ra m m i n g
Surfaces
F orm/ Design
Self-B uild
Low degree of participation
- Where i n t he process can t he user part i ci pat i on happen?
NORMAL PROJECT
Move in
Dan is h b u i l d i n g
PARTICIPATORY PROJECT
SELF-BUILDING
- W hat is fixed and what can be influenced by the user in a self-build project?
s ta n d a rd
Move in
Info meeting How to self-build
Ov e r a ll co n cep t
Professionals build
Building phase
the frame.
Committed user involvement Outd o o r sp a ce Detailed project Sales
Allocation of apartments
Pub lic sp a ce
USER PARTICIPATION
Workshop III
Pr iv at u n i t
Workshop II
Workshop I
Info meeting
Sh a re d S p a ce
Building application Seminar Municipallity and Social Housing
High degree of participation
Fig. 11 Diagram inspired by Helen & Hard Vindmølleparken project, with user participation, (See appendix 6)
Regulation and
cooporation
concept
Fig. 12 Diagram inspired by Helen & Hard Vindmølleparken project, with user participation, (See appendix 6)
SELF-BUILD
COMMUNITY
A t m os p he r e , e x p r e s s i on and ap p r oac h Chr is tina Kas talag m agnus s en - T hes is fall 2017 Aarhus s chool of architecture
“OLD BEFORE NEW”
“PERSONALLY EMBOSSED INSTEAD OF ANONYMITY”
“DINGY GLAMOR, REAL AND LIVELY, INSTEAD OF GLOSSY FACADES ”
“DIFFERENCE INSTEAD OF HOMOGENEITY”
“SELF-MADE INSTEAD OF CONSUMERISM”
“CHEAP INSTEAD OF EXPENSIVE”
“LIVE INSTEAD OF CONSERVE”
“TOLERANCE AND SPACE”
“- for everything that deviates from the norm”
SELF-BUILD
COMMUNITY
W oode n s t r uc t ur e - r e fe r e nc e s Chr is tina Kas talag m agnus s en - T hes is fall 2017 Aarhus s chool of architecture
T HE GR A P HI TE APARTMENTS - L ondon
TORSI ON STAB LE
C O 2 N EUT R A L & L O W MA T ER I A L WASTE
CO M P E T I T I V E P RI CE
S H O RT CO N S T RUCT I O N T I M E
C O MF O R T A BLE & HEALTHY
F L EX IB L E C AB L ES AND L AMPS
I ND O O R C LI M ATE
INTE RGRA T E D P I P E A N D CA BLE D UCT STAIR AND EL EVATOR SHAF T
WALLS , FLOOR AND ROOF EASY ASSEMB L Y
F LE XI BLE E LE CT RI C O UT LE T
PR E F AB R I C ATED
F IL L IN THE F RAME
SELF-BUILD
COMMUNITY
G r ound fl oor p l an 1: 200 and S e c t i on 1: 100
Bike park ing
Chr is tina Kas talag m agnus s en - T hes is fall 2017 Aarhus s chool of architecture
Møl
Bot
lev
Storage
Tec
hni
cal
ani
eje
n
cal
gar
den
roo
m Bik
e r epa ir sho p
Lau
ndr
y r oom
Car free communal road
Janitor’s Workshop
fe
e
r
ce
a sp
de
r
o do
fo
th
ca
ensga
Bike parking
t
Ou
Hjort
Bike par king
Communal garden
Cafe
Kitchen
Kindergarden playground
Bike parking
Existing youth club
Bike parking
Kindergaden
Storage
Communal garden
Saltholmsgade
SELF-BUILD
COMMUNITY
Fi r s t fl oor p l an 1: 200 and S e c t i on 1: 100 Chr is tina Kas talag m agnus s en - T hes is fall 2017 Aarhus s chool of architecture
Møl
lev
Bot
Rent-out
ani
eje
n
cal
gar
den
studios Tec
hni
roo
m
Sto
rag
e
cal
Car free communal road
Communal garden
Common room
fe
e
r
ce
de
a sp
ensga
r
o do
fo
th
ca
Hjort
t
Ou
ge
ra Sto
m
roo n mo
Com Kindergaden
Existing youth club
Kindergarden playground
Communal garden
Saltholmsgade
SELF-BUILD
COMMUNITY
Pl ans 1: 500 and A p ar t m e nt s 1: 50 Chr is tina Kas talag m agnus s en - T hes is fall 2017 Aarhus s chool of architecture
Dinning room
Kitchen
Secon d floor pl an 1:500
Living room
G ro u n d f lo o r o f 1 1 0 m2 t w o s t o re y a p a rt me n t 1 :5 0
T h ir d floor p lan 1:500 Room
Room
Bathroom
Storage
Room
F ou r th floor pl an 1:500
F irs t f lo o r o f 1 1 0 m2 t w o s t o re y a p a rt me n t 1 :5 0
SELF-BUILD
COMMUNITY
W e s t Fac ade and ap ar t m e nt p l ans 1: 50 Chr is tina Kas talag m agnus s en - T hes is fall 2017 Aarhus s chool of architecture
Loggia
Balcony
Room Balcony
Living room
Dinning room
Room
Living and sleeping area
Kitchen
Living room
Dinning room Bathroom
Bathroom
Kitchen
Kitchenette
Bathroom
Room
P la n of 7 0 m2 apart m ent 1:50
Pl an of 55m 2 ap ar t m e nt 1: 50
P la n o f 3 0 m2 a p a rt me n t 1 :5 0