WILDLIFE REHABILITATION AND EDUCATIONC ENTER for issu by ChristineMigliore

WILDLIFE REHABILITATION AND EDUCATION CENTER

CHRISTINE MIGLIORE

TABLE OF CONTENTS

SECTION 1| PROJECT GOALS AND OBJECTIVES

P. 4-15

SECTION 2| HISTORIOGRAPHY AND CONTEMPORAY GLOBAL CONTEXT

P. 16-25

SECTION 3| CASE STUDIES

P. 26-73

SECTION 4|ERGONOMIC AND TECHNICAL CRITERIA

P. 74-87

SECTION 5| TOPICAL EXPLORATION

P. 88-101

SECTION 6|EXISTING SITE, CONTEXT, CLIMATE AND ZONING

P. 102-111

SECTION 7| PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT AND DOCUMENTATION

P. 112-123

SECTION 8|BUILDING ANALYSIS, CODE REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS

P. 124-135

SECTION 9| PROJECT SUMMARY

P. 136-143

SECTION 10|BIBLIOGRAPHY

P. 144- 149

1 SECTION:

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES

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“The greatness of a nation and its moral progress can be judged by the way its animals are treated.” ― Mahatma Gandhi 5

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Introduction Humans and animals have always had a strong bond, as seeing eye dogs help the blind, veterinarians help the wounded animals. Children grow up with pets, as their parents adopt strays into their families. This instills children at a young age with empathy. There is a direct link to children not having proper access to green spaces and poor childhood education. These results come from an increasing number of children choosing to stay inside and play video games rather than going outdoors. A wildlife center will allow the children of Haverford to cultivate a connection with animals and nature.1 Children are easily influenced at their young age as their minds are still developing. Through hand on education about nature, animal care, and agriculture they begin to develop their appreciation for the natural world they live in. Researchers begin to look to the natural environment as it continues to play a role in the mental health of all humans. Through this, designers begin to integrate more windows, warmer lighting, and a basophilic connections into the build environment. By designing a space that allows children to interact with nature, it develops a calmness and an appreciation for living creatures. Educating people about animals such as foxes, wolfs, and things as small as insects can seem less intimidating with knowledge. This develops a sense of mindfulness which is linked to the prevention of bullying, as children are building their empathic sense in their connection to nature2

A wildlife rehabilitation and education center equips those with a passion for animals, with a facility to expand their knowledge of how to interact with the wild animals in their area, by providing a clinic for injured and orphaned animals. While millions of animals are hurt yearly, not only in America, but worldwide.1 There are those who would attempt to care for injured animals in their own homes when there are no alternatives, this could cause a wide spread of disease such as rabies and lice. With a facility that is equipped for this kind of care there can be a level of professional help given to the animals. Veterinarian help can also help protect those who find the injured animal, from hurting them further while using improper techniques.2

General Design Goals

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This wildlife center will allow children and adults of the Haverford community to explore and become educated about their local wildlife. As mentioned before, nature is important in the development young minds, as interaction with animals and nature decrease stress. Interacting with nature develops their empathic sense as children begin to learn about their place in their natural surroundings the need to bully others decreases. The rehabilitation clinic will provide the orphaned and injured animals with a refuge as they begin their recovery process and become acclimated to their surroundings. This also gives an opportunity for hands on education for young volunteers.

Research Goals and Methods To achieve a successful design it is important to know the needs of each animal that would be housed at this facility. Each animal has different needs ranging the amount of space they need to the air ventilation in their room. The educational portion of the center will be paired with the surrounding schools, research must be done on the schools curriculum and after school activities. Research of the school systems, wildlife demographics, and the already existing veterinarians of the area will be crucial in executing a successful center to engage the community.

The Role Of The Designer The way interior designers create a space has a direct impact on both the animals and the human users. According the Wildlife Rehabilitation and Care Standards it is important as a designer to create secure spaces for the animals to feel comfortable so being nurtured back to health is a stress free process. As a designer creating a space where the main users are comfortable, efficient, and productive is the main goal. Through my understanding of the wellness in children and animals the space can be designed in a way to nurture their behaviors to benefit both.

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Environmental and Sustainability Objectives Design changes with the trends and social movements in the world. More and more designers begin to respond to the concerns of the environment through sustainable development in the built environment. While nature continues to make its impact on architecture and design it has also begun to influence education. Through the development of the wildlife rehabilitation and education center these concepts will still be applied. Research into the development of childhood education begins show the importance of the interaction of nature with the retention of knowledge. Bipohilic education spaces have been shown to benefit not only the students by restoring their attention capacity but the teachers as well. The Haverford Community Recreation and Environmental Center is a LEED Gold certified building and design elements will be applied to the new wild life center to achieve the same rating.1

Client The client for this center will be the Pennsylvania Association of Environmental Educators (PAEE) they will have owner ship of the building. This organization supports the communities of Pennsylvania through providing educators with their certification to become environmental educators, PAEE is an official affiliate of the North American Association for Environmental Education.2

Users The primary users of this building will be young students from the Haverford area. Through after school programs and summer camp classes the students will come to the center to use spaces such as class rooms, auditoriums, discovery rooms and gallery areas. While the rehabilitation center will be used by the veterinarian staff and volunteers, this space will be mainly occupied by the animals, there will be little to no contact between the animals and the children who attend classes and workshops here. The veterinarians will need a lab space, a surgical room, housing for the animals and an apartment to live on site for themselves.

Socio Economic Conditions This center is open to everyone in the area, from all social economic classes. All money supporting the center will be raised through grants and state funding as this will be a non-profit organization. The community will help support their mission by paying for classes which will act as funding for the facilities, this will allow classes to be free for the users. There will be budget restrictions that will have to be made to support the low income of the building.

Demographics This building will be used by students of Haverford Township. There is a population of about 48,000 people, 33% of these are children living with their families. This town has a school district complete with grade school level education that would have the potential of creating a co-op program with the proposed design.

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IMAGES Figure 1. Kimberly Johnston, Cheetah Mom and Baby, www.keyword-suggestions.com 2014 Figure 2. Migliore C, Corky 1 Unpublished Photograph 2013 Figure 3. Llawgadarn Mountains, http://prydain.wikia.com/wiki/ Llawgadarn_Mountains 2016 Figure 4. The Beauty of Wildlife, Baby fox stretching, photograph http://beautiful-wildlife.tumblr.com/post/47715545881/stretching-fox Figure 5. Suzanne Jacobs, Unnamed, Accessed August 1, 2016 published 2015 https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0ahUKEwjlquvOv-_QAhXJKWMKHX6EBbYQjhwIBQ&url=http%3A%2F%2Fpetcha. com%2Fpets%2F%2Fkids%2Fbest-small-animal-pets-for-children.aspx%3Fcm_mmc%3D18178797&psig=AFQjCNGEB0TekGT-vLeWsz5G3NxXatbV3Q&ust=1481661012703198&cad=rjt Figure 6. Baby Lepord and mother, David Nguyen Digital Image, Accessed August 1, 2016http://wordpressthemes2016. com/2014/11/lion-wallpapers-for-desktop-background/

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2 SECTION:

HISTORIOGRAPHY & CONTEMPORARY GLOBAL CONTEXT 1 16

Native Nature

Americans &

Before European settlers conquered the New World and began to impose their ideas of civilization, the North American Natives were hunters and gatherers. Whether migrating to follow animal herds or remaining stationary to develop farmland, they migrated with the changing landscape of the countryside. To achieve a successful survival rate, Native Americans developed knowledge of the animals and wildlife around them. Comprehension of the natural world was reflected in their religious beliefs and sacrifices were conducted to please their gods, hoping to be brought good fortunes.1 Religion influenced their everyday life and in this practice, animals were regarded as spiritual beings.2 While anthropologists study the social aspects of Native culture, the clear connection that humans have with natural surroundings is reflected. Modern designs, such as nature and biophilia, are key components incorporated into successful design. 2 18

Era of Abundance 1500- 1849 The Era of Abundance reflects the reaction of Europeans as they discovered the Americas. At this time, Europe was heavily populated and natural resources were used to support their lavish lifestyle. To Europeans, land use equated to property ownership. This was contrary to the Native Americanâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s lifestyle. While the Natives migrated seasonally across the Americas, they often did not settle in one area for long amounts of time, moving with animal herds and the changing seasons.1 By European standards, this meant Native Americans did not own any of their land. This resulted in the forced relocation of Native Americans while European settlers claimed the natural resources of their new found home, leading to the Era of Over-Exploitation.

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Era of Over-Exploitation 1850-1899 The Era of Over-Exploitation in the Americas began when the once lush plant and wildlife landscape was engulfed by rapidly developing cities. A substantial influx of European settlers developed previously uninhabited land, destroying animal habitats and vegetation in favor of urban development. European settlers viewed wildlife as an inconvenience which needed to be contained and dominated rather than resources to protected and cared for. Nature was thought to be an obstacle preventing the progress of building a new civilization.1 As settlers headed West, bears, lions and wolves began going extinct in those areas. This created a mass market for animal furs as a way to control the abundance of animals which threatened their way of life.2 Toward the end of this era, Charles Darwin published his Origin of Species. This stirred up not only the religious aspect of life, but it had also began to shed light on the connection humans have to animals and the natural world, bringing the extinction of animals to attention.3

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Era of Protection 1900-1929 The Lacey Act of 1900 and Theodore Rooseveltâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s presidency brought a national perspective on the Golden Age of Conservation. This restricted sales of plumes, obtained from hunting birds. Roosevelt began his presidency by effectively tripling the sizes of the American forest reserves to 148 million acres, protecting 80 million acres from coal mining and another 4 million from extracting oil.1 This increased the value Americans put on nature increasing ecological studies in hopes of restoring dwindling wildlife habitats.

Era of Game Management 1930-1965 The first political restriction on big-game hunting was made in 1930 with the Report of the Committee on North America Game Policy. This regulated game animal hunting. Aldo Leopold, founder of the Wisconsin's Department of Wildlife Management, promoted awareness with his book, Game Management. This prompted national parks to enforce restrictions on hunting.2 The Pittman-Robinson Act, a tax on the sales of guns and ammunition, was passed in 1937. The resulting revenues fund research on game species.

"Some people talk to animals. Not many listen though. That's the problem." - A.A. Milne 5 21

Era of Environmental Management 1966-1979 This era represents a frantic push for environmental protection by scientists and biologists. The Endangered Species Act was the first federal act protecting all animals on the verge of extinction. Soon after, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was established. In 1972, the EPA created Earth Day to bring a national awareness to the issue of extinction. 1 These efforts resulted in areas being designated as reserves to create habitats for endangered species. Next, water and air pollution issues were identified as significant threats to animal life.

Era of Conservation of Biology 1980present

The election of president Ronald Reagan was a setback for environmental policies as he lead a strong antienvironment campaign. This weakened the environmental agencies that were developed previously, resulting in serious problems such as acid rain. Global warming issues came to light during the 80's as people began to realize the temperature climb from atmospheric pollution. More recently, the Conservation Reinvestment Act was passed in 2000 to support conservation programs from federal to local levels to prevent additional animals from becoming endangered. By 2005, every state was required to develop a wildlife action plan so they would "help keep common species common".2 23

END NOTES 1.Joel, Martin W. The Land Looks After Us: A History of Native American Religion. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2001. 2.Michael, Marchetti P., and Peter B. Moyle. Protecting Life on Earth: An Introduction to the Science of Conservation. University of California Press, 2010. 3.Peter Moyle and Mary A. Orland, Last Revised July 2004. “Chapter 2: A History of Wildlife in North America.” A History of Wildlife in North America. Accessed September 06, 2016. http:// marinebio.org/oceans/conservation/moyle/ch2-2/. 4.Ibid., 1 5.Michael, Marchetti P., and Peter B. Moyle. Protecting Life on Earth: An Introduction to the Science of Conservation. University of California Press, 2010. 6.Michael, Marchetti., and Peter B. Moyle. Protecting Life on Earth: An Introduction to the Science of Conservation. University of California Press, 2010. 7.Peter Moyle and Mary A. Orland, Last Revised July 2004. “Chapter 2: A History of Wildlife in North America.” A History of Wildlife in North America. Accessed September 06, 2016. http:// marinebio.org/oceans/conservation/moyle/ch2-2/. 8.Ibid., 2 9.Michael, Marchetti P., and Peter B. Moyle. Protecting Life on Earth: An Introduction to the Science of Conservation. University of California Press, 2010. 9.By Doing So, They Received Federal Grant Money to “help Keep. “Division of Fish & Wildlife.” History of Conservation. Accessed September 06, 2016. http://www.dnrec.delaware.gov/fw/ dwap/Pages/HistoryofCons.aspx. 24

IMAGES Figure 1. Kaltenbach M. Elk in Denver, Unpublished photograph 2016 Figure 2. Kaltenbach M. Tiger of Zoo, Unpublished photograph 2016 Figure3. Kaltenbach M. Harambe , Unpublished photograph 2016 Figure 4. The Beauty of Wildlife, Baby fox stretching, photograph http://beautiful-wildlife.tumblr.com/post/47715545881/stretching-fox Figure 5. Suzanne Jacobs, Unnamed, Accessed August 1, 2016 published 2015 http://grist.org/business-technology/what-makesowls-deadly-could-make-wind-turbines-silent/ Figure 6. Two male lions, David Nguyen Digital Image, Accessed August 1, 2016http://wordpressthemes2016.com/2014/11/lion-wallpapers-for-desktop-background/ Figure 7 Daniel Magnet. Man With Eagle http://www.ncwildlife.org/ News/Blogs/NCWRC-Blog/catid/3

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3 SECTION:

Schuylkill Center for Environmental Education Wildlife Clinic

"An animal's eyes have the power to speak a great language." ~ Martin Buber

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Overview The Schuylkill Center for Environmental Education Wildlife Clinic is located on, Hagy's Mill Road, Philadelphia, PA. At approximately 25,000 square feet, this educational center caters to the youngest visitors through collegiate level graduate students. A second building of 10,000 square feet houses the center's clinic. This facility has treated over 75,000 injured, sick and orphaned animals since opening in 1987. The Schuylkill clinic provides medical treatment and temporary refuge for local wildlife while the educational facility teaches students about interacting with animals, plants and the environment. In 2000, Andropogon Associates, landscape architects of Philadelphia, reorganized the educational center's framework by developing a new facility master plan. The facility is privately owned, so the majority of funding was generated through in-house programs. This resulted in a moderate construction budget. While some of the private areas including the library and meeting rooms are designed with higher quality construction materials, the general multiuse, office and public spaces are outfitted with lowerend materials.

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The center is a unique example of an educational facility that combines clinic office and multiuse guest spaces. To achieve its educational goals, dedicated classroom, gallery space as well as a children's discovery room are housed in the center. Schuylkill's clinic is nearby on Port Royal Avenue and caters exclusively to injured or orphaned wild animals. A veterinarian cares for each animal then reacclimatizes them into their environment. Animals treated at the center have a high mortality rate once they are rereleased into their natural habitats. Many school-aged children visit, as the majority of programs are geared to this audience. The center also offers adult education classes and seminars for graduate level students. Administrative, educational and grounds keeping staff are the building's primary occupants, which are offices year-round positions. During the center's peak seasons of spring, summer and autumn, there are more employees than available desk space. For this reason, specifically assigned offices are not available. The workforce does decrease significantly during the winter months.

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Site, Context & Design

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The Schuylkill Center for Environmental Education is one of the first wildlife centers in an urban setting. The educational programs offered are effected by its hometown city Philadelphia. Since local children have limited access to green spaces, the need to focus on educating the public on coexisting with the environment is significant. Using its unique wooded setting on the outskirts of Philadelphia, the center capitalizes on green space. This conveys center city children to a new environment. The location also benefits inner-city animals who experience increased injury rates due to accidental vehicle or human contact. This two-story educational center references modern home design on the exterior due to the roof's slope and clearstory windows that invite light into the space. The deep brown color of the brick, paired with the wood exterior reflects the surrounding forested area. The first floor consists mainly of public spaces including classrooms, gallery, gift shop, and auditorium. The ground floor has a smaller footprint than the first floor; this

houses office space mechanical rooms and the electrical closet. Hallways throughout the building's main circulation areas lead to each room, each room is distinctively defined by four walls . The hallways make navigation difficult due to the limited signage provided at the end and cross-sections of each hallway. The focal point of the first floor is the entryway, providing access to the auditorium, classrooms, gift shop or gallery. Paint and carpeting are the materials used in the discovery entry room. The walls are scuffed because of the high usage by young children. A wall covering would have been more durable for this high traffic area. The existing carpet absorbs moisture and retains a musty smell. However, materials used in the gallery and gift shop pair natural wood and white paint. This is successful in both ascetics and use as the wood flooring is serviceable in this high traffic areas and the white paint does not detract from the exhibits merchandise. 5 31

DIAGRAMS

FIRST FLOOR

SECOND FLOOR

CIRCULATION

PUBLIC VS PRIVATE SPACES

Lighting, Survey & Evaluation

Window placement layout allows for substantial natural lighting, generated by clearstories and skylights. As a result, there is minimal interior lighting throughout. The discovery room, designed specifically for children, has a large number of windows creating a connection to the outdoor environment. This gives an opportunity for visitors to interact with the outdoors when the weather conditions are extreme. First-time visitors may experience navigational difficulties which could be improved upon. Driving to the site, it is unclear which building is the educational center and which is the animal clinic. Although the clinic's veterinarians have little interaction with the public, buildings should be clearly marked in the event emergency access is needed to assist an injured animal. Public spaces are welcoming and open which allow people to independently circulate throughout. Separate classroom areas provide students with a good level of privacy for study. My visit to the building was a positive experience. The inviting entryway had large windows providing a comfortable, airy, outdoor quality. The gallery and gift shop were laid out comfortably and were sized appropriately. The large auditorium is a clever use of a multipurpose space, perfect for everything from animal demonstrations and lecture series for various sized camps and school groups. Public and private spaces are thoughtfully designed, making navigation around these spaces clear without "employee only" signs. The space is successful by offering child friendly as well as easy to navigate areas for adults. Both groups have a welcoming place to visit interact comfortably with nature in a unique and positive way. 35

IMAGES Figure 1. Anna Rappaport Fairy tale bird, Walloco.com Sept 17,2015 Figure 2. R Johnson, Baby deer, Shutterstock May 1, 2012 Figure3.

A Mason, Philadelphia, Shuttershock March 21 2011

Figure 4. Migliore C, Unpublished, personal photo 2016 Figure 5. Migliore C. Unpublised, personal photo 2016 Figure 6. Kaltenbach M. Utah, Unpublished photograph 2016

3 SECTION:

The Woodford Cedar Run Wildlife Refuge

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Overview The Woodford Cedar Run Wildlife Refuge is located on 4 Sawmill Road, Medford, New Jersey. At approximately 5,000 square feet, this educational center caters to primary grade students with afterschool activities, summer camps, and library events. Jim and Betty Woodford, the original owners, bought their home during the 1950's. Over the years, many renovations were made as the couple turned their animal care hobby into a clinic and educational center. The educational facility was created in the 1970's, with most of renovations were completed by the Woodfords and a personal contractor. Cedar Run is a privately funded center, so money is generated from the programs, memberships, and donations. This allows for a minimal budget for all aspects of the operation, from construction considerations to educational programs, animal care and veterinary expenses. In 1997 the Woodfords were given the Green Acres grant that allows their land to be preserved for future generations.

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Justification Woodford Cedar Run's educational and rehabilitation center is a relevant case study that has the unique opportunity to host summer camps and day care classes using the wooded land surrounding the space as a natural playground. The site has a strong influence on the educational programs offered as Cedar Run incorporates the use of outdoor spaces as often as possible. The clinic and educational buildings are located down the street from one another. Nestled in the New Jersey Pinelands, the clinic is situated in a quiet secluded spot away from street noise and traffic of the town's center. Ideally situated, the clinic can house animals on a temporary basis outdoors in small hutches, allowing for an easy transition to natural habitats as rehab and recovery times are completed.

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Users The educational and rehabilitation center is used primarily by staff. There are three educators who work both in the center as well as doing outreach , with presentations for school assemblies and library programs. The animal clinic uses sixty year-round volunteers, there are also seven full-time interns and three full-time veterinarians on staff. Wounded animals may have complications at any time of the day, so the clinic has a live-in veterinarian who occupies a small house on site next to the clinic. Fulltime staff, including administrators and managers, number about twenty. Cedar Run's clinic assists approximately forty animals daily during the summer months, and a total of about around four thousand annually. The clinic has the capacity to house two hundred and fifty five animals at a time, and can cater to forty permanent residents.

Design The main use of the educational center is its multipurpose classroom; this event space is for youth classes. Executive offices are housed in the center's private area. The gift shop, reception and sun rooms are the main public areas. There is only one classroom in this building along with a small room where the reptiles are displayed for educational purposes. Signs throughout the space encourage visitors to read about the area and

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various animals as they walk down the hallway towards the classroom.This public space is the first area encountered when people visit the center to either sign up for summer camp, to attend classes, or to walk the trails. The gift shop is in a prominent nearby location. The second building, containing the wildlife clinic, is considered a private space. In the entrance is a an animal reception area for those needing care. Anything beyond that point is restricted to staff only. Each room in the facility houses a different kind of animal. This helps to contain illnesses and interactions with sick species to a minimum. Built in the 1970's, the style and construction do not reflect the style of the time. Cedar Run used an existing building and renovated the space allowing a sustainable construction method. The use of natural wood material affords the building with using renewable resources. Young children are the primary visitors to the facility. With this in mind, the design is directly influenced by the concept of making the space feel homey and inviting. The large fireplace and children's multipurpose classroom decorated with fun is targeted to their young clientele. Unpretentious wood flooring and unstructured layout simulates a cozy living room appealing to a child's sense of familiarity in a homey setting. The clinic was not designed with a specific conceptual idea; it is a functional space that focuses on animal care.

"Some people talk to animals. Not many listen though. That's the problem." - A.A. Milne 5 43

Focal

Public VS Private 44

Natural Light

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Natural Lighting There is a significant amount of natural light, necessitating minimal use of artificial lighting throughout. This use of natural light creates a strong connection to the outdoors. Natural light coupled with the building's exterior log cabin look enhances the at home feeling visitors experience in the space.

User Survey As the education center and wildlife clinic are in two different locations, identifying the correct building can be challenging. Signage is minimal, making building unidentifiable to visitors. There are no directive signs upon entering the parking lot to the educational center. However, the building itself is not very large. Way finding in the public spaces is minimal. The gift shop is another opportunity to direct children into a comfortable space where they can walk around, look and touch to further their educational experience. Cedar Run sells educational items including bird watching books and seed which could enhance a child's visit. Some design choices could be improved upon, including the use of which had to be discarded away in their mains paces because of the mold which developed from the dirt tracked in on by campers having easily cleanable surfaces would be ideal, something similar to what would be found in a hospital-like setting. The addition of a staff room which could be used to conduct meetings would be helpful. Now, staff meets in the public seating area. The kitchen, used for is both staff members as well as the animals, is not ideal. At any given time, the refrigerator may contains snake food, mice, stored next to a staff member's own food. From conversations conducted with administrative staff, individual office space rather than shared would be preferred. In keeping with an open office design concept, the preference would be to have their own personal space with a designated breakaway enclave for meetings. It would be

IMAGES Figure 1. Oliveria M. Bear Family, 500 px photograph 2014 Figure 2. Migliore C Cedar Run, Unpublished photograph 2016 Figure 3. Migliore C Cedar Run, Unpublished photograph 2016 Figure 4. Migliore C Cedar Run, Unpublished photograph 2016 Figure 5. Migliore C Cedar Run, Unpublished photograph 2016 Figure 6. Migliore C Cedar Run, Unpublished photograph 2016 Figure 7. Kaltenbach M. Elephant at the zoo Unpublished photograph 2016

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3 SECTION:

Stonnington Pound

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Overview Stonnington Pound Development is located on 36 Weir St, Glen Iris VIC 3146, Malvern, Melbourne Australia. Stonnington Pound is a facility. This compact building was designed in 2012 by Architecture Matters and is 590 square feet.1 The buildingâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s construction was funded by the city of Stonnington, and donations from the community this results in a mid- to-low project budget. Architecture Matters is an architectural firm that specializes in the design of residential, commercial, and retirement homes. Based in the Northern tip of Melbourne, the group is comprised of a team of six. Energy efficiency and cost effective sustainable buildings are specialties of the firm as they work with local communities in project development. 2

Justification Stonnington Pound is a prime example of a facility that provides veterinary care to help improve the lives of injured or sick animals, as well as helping reconnect lost animals with their owners. Stonnington has a strict no-kill policy, established in 1985 as a facility to provide an alternative to euthanizing homeless animals. They partner with Save-A-Dog Scheme (SADS) a community based non-profit group who run the pound. SADS no-kill policy dovetails with services provided by Stonningtonâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s rehabilitation center: both are facilities dedicated to helping and reacclimatizing the animals in their care. 3

Users Stonnington Pound is run by SADS, which is staffed by community volunteers and a small number for fulltime paid staff. Volunteers provide the primary care of the animals on a daily basis. The facility encourages prospective adoptive families to visit and get to know the animals before adoption, so the public may also use this space. However, animals, staff, and volunteers are the primary users of the space. 1

Sustainability To enhance the sustainable aspects of this building, the architects implemented rainwater tanks to collect water for use in cleaning animal enclosures. All lighting fixtures use low-energy bulbs and all windows are operable to allow for natural ventilation and lighting. This enables SaveA-Dog Scheme members to consume less HVAC and artificial lighting during the day. To accommodate the hot Australian summers, the exterior of the windows are equipped with low-E, double glazed and shading systems, as well as a high performance thermal roof insulation.2

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Site In addition to the existing facilities, Stonnington Council bought thirtythree acres of land from the Yarrambat Kennel north of Melbourne. This extra land enables Yarrambat, dog kennel, and Stonnington to share boarding of their animals once the facility is fully occupied. The pound is located in a suburban town nineteen minutes East of Melbourne's city center.1 This location allows the animals to utilize the acreage untouched by the city crowds while remaining accessible for Melbourne residents to adopt pets from the facility. The buildingâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s modern aesthetic was a design choice made by Architecture Matters to contrast with the suburban green surroundings.

"No matter how talented, rich or intelligent you are, how you treat animals is all I need to know about you" - Anonymous 4 55

Architecture The exterior of Stonnington is designed to engage visitors as they approach the rectangular steel structure. Architecture Matters was conscious of the budget by choosing simple shapes that create its dynamic form.1 The poundâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s interior is hospital-like in material and color choices, the white walls and steel structures enhance the modern aesthetic brought from the exterior into the building. Upon entering the building, is created from steel construction systems. This is evident in the exterior material choices as well as structural elements and accent materials.

Design The focal point of the building is the steel structure, that houses the animals. This building was designed to accommodate cats as well as dogs and staff. Potential adoptive families walk through this portion of the building to meet the animals housed within. While approaching the exterior of the building, the rectangular dog house protrudes from the structure creating a clear visual as well as physical separation of spaces. 65 56

Natural lighting Both natural and artificial lighting play a large role in the function of the pound. Artificial lighting is used throughout the space as a form of way finding, directing users down hallways and into rooms using strip lighting on the ceiling. Strip lighting highlights key features such as the reception desk. Cove lighting above the enclosures brings attention to each animal as users walk through. Natural light is brought into most enclosures through small windows. The room has windows at the end of the hallway to bring daylight in as well. 1 Stonnington Pound is a small but well organized. Those using the building have an easy time navigating the space with the aid of natural lighting, strip lighting and direct hallways. Public spaces are welcoming and open, which allows plenty of space for a comfortable and easy adoption process of lost or homeless animals.

Circulation

Renovation- Existing 58

Natural Lighting

Focal Point 59

End Notes "Gallery of Stonnington Pound Development / Architecture Matters 15." ArchDaily. Accessed October 03, 2016. http://www.archdaily. com/376254/stonnington-pound-development-architecture-matters/519c1619b3fc4bb8cf000080-stonnington-pound-development-architecture-matters-site-plan. 2

"Stonnington Pound Development/ Architecture Matters." Architecture Matters. May 24, 2013. Accessed October 3, 2016. http://www.architecturematters.com.au/index.html.

"About." Save-A-Dog Scheme INC. Accessed September 30, 2016. http://saveadog.org.au/about/.

"Animal Pound and Shelter." City of Stonnington. July 6, 2016. Accessed September 30, 2016. http://www.stonnington.vic.gov.au/Live/ Pets-and-Animals/Animal-Pound-and-Shelter.

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"Gallery of Stonnington Pound Development / Architecture Matters 15." ArchDaily. Accessed October 03, 2016. http://www.archdaily. com/376254/stonnington-pound-development-architecture-matters/519c1619b3fc4bb8cf000080-stonnington-pound-development-architecture-matters-site-plan. Ibid. "Gallery of Stonnington Pound Development / Architecture Matters 15." ArchDaily. Accessed October 03, 2016. http://www.archdaily. com/376254/stonnington-pound-development-architecture-matters/519c1619b3fc4bb8cf000080-stonnington-pound-development-architecture-matters-site-plan.

IMAGES Figure 1. PAWS Adrian James, Digital Image, CBS, Accessed October 1, 2016. philadelphia.cbslocal.com Figure 2. Christopher Alexander, Digital Image, ArchDaily, Accessed October 1, 2016. www.archdaily.com Figure 3. Christopher Alexander, Digital Image, ArchDaily, Accessed October 1, 2016. www.archdaily.com Figure 4. Christopher Alexander, Digital Image, ArchDaily, Accessed October 1, 2016. www.archdaily.com Figure 5. Christopher Alexander, Digital Image, ArchDaily, Accessed October 1, 2016. www.archdaily.com Figure 6. Christopher Alexander, Digital Image, ArchDaily, Accessed October 1, 2016. www.archdaily.com Figure 7. Christopher Alexander, Digital Image, ArchDaily, Accessed October 1, 2016. www.archdaily.com

3 SECTION:

Palm Springs Animal Care

Overview Palm Springs Animal Care Facilities is located in Demuth Park, Palm Springs, California. Palm Springs is a facility that shelters domestic dogs and cats. This small shelter spans a three acre site across the Demuth Park, and was designed by Miers Architects with the help of Maureen Cornwell an interior designer in 2012. To raise funding for the animal shelter, the nonprofit organization Friends of the Shelter stepped in to help achieve their goal of six million dollars. However they had hoped to raise two million dollars more so Miers built in room for building expansion once the money is 1 raised.

Justification Palm Springs Animal Care Facilities is a prime example of community based kennel promoting animal adoption and human animal treatment education. This building focuses on the comfort of their animals through design, which is an important aspect while designing a rehabilitation center. 2 64

This building focuses on the comfort of their animals through design, which is an important aspect while designing a rehabilitation center. The shelter is run by the Friends of Palm Springs Animal Shelter. This partnership allows the shelter to become the only public shelter in Coachella Valley, who operates under a no-kill policy. This policy is in place to ensure the animal's natural lifespan is lived out so they are not euthanizing the animals due to over population of the shelter, expansive injuries, or age.

Users Friends of Palm Springs Animal Shelter runs the shelter with a full time and part time volunteer staff. Their policy is to create an environment that allows the volunteers to foster, and save the lives of animals in the shelter. In addition to the staff, visitors are encouraged to walk through the space and meet the animals fostering the idea of adoption. 1

Sustainability The shelter is designed with the sustainable qualifications for LEED Silver. The focus of their sustainable practice is water conservation. By using water from the sewage treatment plant they are able to clean the animal's cages as well as irrigate their three acres of land within the park. This building does not however have the LEED certification which allows them to save the money that would have been spent on fees. Instead their sustainability measures correlate with Green Building Design. These features are built into the structure with the opportunity to add additional green design elements as their budget for expansion begins to grow. Each environmental measure is developed in phases, the first phase is their water recycling system, this is an important measure to take due to the droughts California frequently experiences. Also, the building has a photovoltaic system providing the space with 30% of their energy. The panels that accomplish this are placed on the roof as well as the parking structures used to shade cars. Once a full photovoltaic design can be developed the building will be eligible to achieve a Platinum LEED certification. The concept of the Palm Springs Animal Care Facility is to integrate traditional mid- centaury desert design motifâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s with modern, advanced veterinary equipment and support systems. Materials throughout the space include hard finished flooring that is easily cleanable with minimal pores. The interior walls have coverings and easily writable surfaces. Other easily maintainable surfaces they use are epoxy resin floors and walls, nonabsorptive acoustical ceiling tiles and stainless steel casework. Many of their material choices are similar to those of a hospital, with a vibrant color palette. This color palette is full of primary, true colors that reflect the emotion of happiness as each user enters the space, this allows them to feel comfortable as they find a pet that fits within their family.

"Saving one dog will not change the world, but surely for that one dog, the world will change forever." - Karen Davison 66

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Design This building is one floor with several two story spaces, this allows the circulation of the plan is based off of horizontal way finding throughout the space. The focal point of the facility is this Canine Adoption Garden. This is where the dogs have outdoor cages and play areas that are shaded with fabric canopies and are equipped with misters. Palm Springs Animal Care is designed with a classic mid-centaury modern look that accents their cutting edge technology. 1 There are three entrances to this building, and in keeping with the overall concept of designing with the function and orientation of the building, each has its own purpose. The central door is the Main Adoption/ business center area where patrons looking to adopt animal enter through. This also bring the user to the main reception area as well. Their second entrance is also a public entrance next to the adoption area where people who are admitting stray or injured animals to the facility this leads to the same reception desk as the main door, as to reduce their staffing needs.

6 3 68

Lastly their third entrance is for their educational center. This leads to a multipurpose classroom where community programs are healed and classes are taught on the human treatment of animals.1 Each space throughout the building has large windows allowing natural light throughout the building. This allows minimal artificial lighting to be requited, and frames a beautiful view of the San Jacinto Mountain range.

Construction This building is constructed from steel post and beam methods. The exterior walls are cement and plaster with an imitation raked finish. The public interior is constructed with concrete and painted drywall, this is not only their structural method but creates an easily cleanable surface for satiations as well.2

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Evaluation Overall this building design is successful in their space planning as well as the buildings overall uplifting aesthetic. I think many dog shelters are typically upsetting to be in, the dogs never have a sufficient amount of space and the dull colors never create a heartwarming space. However, this building through their use of natural light and bright colors creates a space for users to come in and really spend time with their future pet. This also helps the mentality of the animals who are staying in their care. The outdoor adoption garden is a very successful feature. While most kennels put people meeting their future puppies in a closet sized room the welcoming climate of California allows all this to be done outside helping the disposition of the dog to truly shine.

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END NOTES 1 "Palm Springs Animal Care Facility / Swatt | Miers Architects." ArchDaily. May 23, 2012. Accessed October 12, 2016. http://www.archdaily.com/237233/palm-springs-animal-care-facility-swatt-miers-architects. 2 "Home - Friends of Palm Springs Animal Shelter." Home - Friends of Palm Springs Animal Shelter. Accessed October 12, 2016. http://www.psanimalshelter.org/home. 3 "Palm Springs Animal Care Facility / Swatt | Miers Architects." ArchDaily. May 23, 2012. Accessed October 12, 2016. http://www.archdaily.com/237233/palm-springs-animal-care-facility-swatt-miers-architects. 4 Ibid. 5 "Palm Springs Animal Care Facility / Swatt | Miers Architects." ArchDaily. May 23, 2012. Accessed October 12, 2016. http://www.archdaily.com/237233/palm-springs-animal-care-facility-swatt-miers-architects.

IMAGES Figure 1. Davidson Mark Palmsprings Animal Hospitals1, Swatt, 2014 Figure 2. Davidson Mark Palmsprings Animal Hospitals2, Swatt, 2014 Figure 3. Davidson Mark Palmsprings Animal Hospitals3, Swatt, 2014 Figure 4. Davidson Mark Palmsprings Animal Hospitals4, Swatt, 2014 Figure 5. Davidson Mark Palmsprings Animal Hospitals5, Swatt, 2014 Figure 6. Davidson Mark Palmsprings Animal Hospitals6, Swatt, 2014

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4 SECTION:

Ergonomic and Technical Criteria

Furniture, Finishes Equipment

and

The way a classroom is designed can be as impactful as the teachers lecturing style. Putting small desks together creating groups of students allows for an interactive environment. This allows the students to collaborate with one another rather than having spread out individual desks, this creates a competitive environment developing rivalry throughout the students. In figure one there are examples of numerous ways to layout a classroom space that will enhance the children's learning capabilities. 1

In modern educational setting's screens and projectors are commonly used as a main teaching tool, in figure two there is an example of how tall a screen or board should be hung on the wall for each student to effectively see the work.2

2 76

For venetian surgical rooms it is common for there to be around six hundred square feet of space in an operating room. As shown in Figures three and four this allows room for the nurses' station, a clean core room, monitors, doctor's desk scrubbing sanitation areas and storage. A class A operating room, which would accommodate smaller animals, would require 150 square feet minimum of clear floor area, and three foot six on both the foot and head of the operating table.1

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Lighting Lighting is important for both the human and animal users of the space. Natural lighting will play a key role in the facility both the rehabilitations and education center. that teaches people about nature by bringing this element through the space. Children who learn in classrooms with ample natural lighting increase learning speed, increases positive achievements and test scores. Exposing children to natural light also has a direct effect on their physical health, such as their dental health, and the amount of weight gain they experience is a direct link to sun exposure.1

As for keeping animals in an environment where there is little to no access to natural lighting, their physical as well as their mental health becomes severely effected. The animals being kept in a rehabilitation center are only temporarily in captivity there for taking sunlight out of the equation would be a dramatic change in their environment extending their recovery time. The lack of vitamin D in animals, which they absorb from the sun in various ways, can leave them unlikely to survive cancers, can put them at risk for heart disease, and can cause them to die prematurely. There for natural sunlight will need to be present in as many rooms as possible, this will allow artificial light

Materials In an area where animals are always present it is important to have stain resistant materials. Each surface should be scratch proof and have easy clean ability. This is not unlike the material requirements in a doctor's office or hospital. These durable materials usually require a higher budget, because adding special chemicals and protection to 8 each surface takes another layer of care and consideration. The areas where the animals will be staying such as the kennel and veterinarian doctor rooms will require strictly hard surfaces that prevent the infestation of lice, fleas and ticks. 9

Sustainable design To optimize the natural elements around the Haverford Center, natural ventilation, natural light, controlled through sunshades and the use of existing materials and structure will allow this project to become a LEED certified building. Through implementing more sustainable design features Haverford is already on their way to achieving LEED Gold with their

Acoustic Control Acoustic Control will be a necessary feature when designing the classrooms and the areas where children may spend most of their time. Many of the animals, such as the rabbits, who will be housed in the rehabilitation center are afraid of loud noises, this can cause stress that may lead to death. Through acoustical control the children and animals will become very separate, this also correlates with the idea of keeping human contact with the rehabilitating animals as separate as possible. Over all each space will need specific consideration because each area has such different functions keeping them as separate as possible is important. 1

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Visual Control Visual control will be most important in the class room areas as well as the animal rehabilitation housing. Animals who are being rehabilitated should not be able to see the users in the main spaces and class rooms. To keep the animals as separated from people as possible it is important they do not see or interact with the people in the space, this will require them to be visually separated from the open areas. Classrooms should be closed off, windows to the outdoors will be able to optimize the learning for the children, but each classroom should be a room of its own, this allows for a visual privacy to allow them not to become distracted or over whelmed with what is happening in the other spaces or with the other classes.

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Wayfinding and Signage Wayfinding in building that has more than one function it is important to have a directory as well as signage that directs the user directly to the room they are looking for. As shown in the figure, the signs are different sizes based on the number of times it has been posted, the first directory the user sees will always be larger than the last sign that labels the door. Signage for the children to move throughout the space will be made more colorful for them to find their classrooms. 1

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Security During the daytime security around the children's classrooms is very important. This is important for the safety of the children, so people who do not belong in a classroom who are bringing in an animal or just visiting the building should not be able to get to the classrooms. There will be some sort of intermediate entrance that requires a key fob to access them. The same situation is for the animal care facility, this is so no one takes any of the long term animals while they are still being taken care of as well as preventing people from taking their medical supplies.

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Ergonomics The productivity of an office is increased significantly based on the comfort of its employees. Each employee should be centered at their work station, with their elbows at a 70 to 120 degree angle. This will increase their blood flow to their hands which allows for more comfort. To avoid carpal tunnel syndrome one should keep their wrists straight at all times. Also to ensure correct posture the monitor of their screen should be at least an arm's length away and at a height where the user can keep their head up right while using their work station. 1

17 85

END NOTES 1. De Chiara, Panero, and Zelnik. "TIME SAVER STANDARDS FOR INTERIOR DESIGN." TIME SAVER STANDARDS FOR INTERIOR DESIGN. 1992. Accessed October 17, 2016. Ibid. 2. "What Equipment Is Needed?" What Equipment Is Needed? Accessed October 17, 2016. http://vet.uga.edu/mis/equipment/index.php. 3. Edom. Basic Ergonomic Workstation Layout. "Natural Light and Education: The Benefits of Daylighting for Schools and Colleges." Bristolite Daylighting Systems. Accessed October 17, 2016. http://www.bristolite.com/blog/natural-light-and-education-the-benefitsof-daylighting-for-schools-and-colleges/. 4. "Result Filters." National Center for Biotechnology Information. Accessed October 17, 2016. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20412916. 5. "The Township of Haverford, Pennsylvania / CREC Green Features." The Township of Haverford, Pennsylvania / CREC Green Features. Accessed October 17, 2016. http://www.haverfordtownship.org/department/ division.php?fDD=10-204. 6. Dixon, By Mike. "Acoustical Standards Begin to Reverberate." Acoustical Surfaces Comments. Accessed October 17, 2016. http://www.acousticalsurfaces.com/soundproofing_tips/html/control.htm. 7. De Chiara, Panero, and Zelnik. "TIME SAVER STANDARDS FOR INTERIOR DESIGN." TIME SAVER STANDARDS FOR INTERIOR DESIGN. 1992. Accessed October 17, 2016.

IMAGES 1 Desk arrangements for 20 students, johnson https://www.google. com/search?tbs=sbi:AMhZZitIveQZcPpv-kNMSPSHPWq7ugSTYI6_1yH3FADFLjARiSkCrGutKsHR55eqx--kDMThloXGi6LSRie-TfiNpg7BinCcjCxK 2 diagram image, N/A www.goretex.com Accessed 11.11.16 3 diagram image, N/A https://www.google.com/search?q=gore+tex&hl=en&biw=1280&bih=55 Accessed 11.11.16 4 sustainability archteicture diagram, accessed 11.11.16 chttp://josiahmaddock.com/tag/sustainable-design/ 5 Masters in Sustainability, 11.10.16 http://www.ied.edu/turin/ blog/master-in-sustainable-architecture-at-ied-turin-starting-inapril-2012/1969 6 Herman Miller Erg. 11.14.16http://store.hermanmiller.com/Category/Chairs?adpos=1t1&creative=165168741303&device=c&matchtype=b&network=g&gclid=Cj0KEQiAsrnCBRCTs7nqwrm6pcYBEiQAcQSznEJFNhNJxOK2MzabSfXTP6sIOMaBKlYrS4WSNSV8Ta4aAssO8P8HAQ 7 sustanability diagram https://cacoo.com/lang/en/visio-alternative 8 sustanability diagram https://cacoo.com/lang/en/visio-alternative 9 sustanability diagram https://cacoo.com/lang/en/visio-alternative 10 sustanability diagram https://cacoo.com/lang/en/visio-alternative 11 sustanability diagram https://cacoo.com/lang/en/visio-alternative 12 sustanability diagram https://cacoo.com/lang/en/visio-alternative13 "TIME SAVER STANDARDS FOR INTERIOR DESIGN." TIME SAVER STANDARDS FOR INTERIOR DESIGN. 1992. Accessed October 17, 2016. Ibid. 15 Diagram "TIME SAVER STANDARDS FOR INTERIOR DESIGN." TIME SAVER STANDARDS FOR INTERIOR DESIGN. 1992. Accessed October 17, 2016. Ibid.

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5 SECTION:

Topical Exploration

1 88

2 90

Color is an essential design element that causes various psychological effects. One example is in a classroom, where color is vital to a childâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s ability to focus and retain information. Each hue on the color wheel creates a different effect on the students. Some colors are better for the arts others are best used in rooms where science and math are the main focus. 1 The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act or IDEA is a federal law that requires children who are diagnosed with any disability to be educated in the same classroom as students without disabilities. Designing space for a mix of students, with and without disabilities, requires consideration when selecting colors. It is an opportunity to create an equal learning environment that promotes curiosity and creativity. "Blues and greens have been proven to make the highest positive impact on encouraging students to pay attention in classes, resulting in the highest testing scores. Red was found to be the most distracting, causing students to lose focus and score lower than average on assessments". 2 3 91

44 92

While blue works best in math and science classrooms, and yellow works best for creative spaces such as language arts, fine arts, and dance, the combination of the two to create a shade of green would work best for an environmental space. Green carries the energy of both the blue and yellow while balancing the two to create a color producing the best results in history and social study spaces. This color would not be dominant color in the room; adding yellow accents brings out the creative energy which would work best for a balanced space. 1 Light and color therapy is a common treatment for patients who have seasonal affective disorder, in areas where there is less sunlight. Colors and light affect animals similarly to humans, although not all animals can see every color. Most animals can see reds, blues and yellows. Blue can help ease the pain of suffering or elderly animals. The color red is symbolic of anger, heat and fire, but can also create a vital selfconfidant energy if the animal is weakened by a false pregnancy. Cooling colors such as blue and green are best used to calm animals. This is especially true of young, energetic or overactive animals who can be calmed by these colors, as well as others suffering with heat pain such as inflammation or ulcers.2

Animal Behavior

The bond between humanity and animals often extends beyond house pets who are frequently treated as distinguished family members, to "Native people say that a long undomesticated creatures living in time ago on the earth a chasm the wild. These relationships have opened up separating animals been developing over thousands of and humans. As the chasm years. Animal domestication began got wider and wider, the dogs about 15,000 years ago, as mammals jumped across to be with evolved alongside humans and began the humans. Today, when you to rely on people for protection and hear wolves howling in the food. Wolves were among the first night, they're crying out for species to become domesticated, and a variety of dog breeds descending the chasm to close" from wolves evolved. Dogs were the -Kling 2006 first household pets, with sheep following 11,000 years ago and cats joining the fold more

recently, 7,000 years ago. 1 Since humans first began to domesticate animals, relationships have grown stronger over the years, and other species became involved.

of how society will begin to interact with each other.1 In response to domestic animal abuse, organizations such as the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals was founded in 1866. Before the first child protection laws were written these laws against animal abuse were applied to those situations as well.2

Since the emotional bond has grown stronger, events such as the killing of the Cecil the lion in 2015 hold special significance for the public. When American dentist Walter Palmer shot Cecil, the thirteen-year old lion, there was an uproar from many animal activist groups which are supported by an entourage of celebrities. This is an extraordinary example of the emotion that is portrayed by people when they feel others are threatening animal life, because this is a direct reflection.2

Human Reaction

Animal welfare groups are watchdogs on issues involving the destruction of animal habitats resulting in deforestation from everyday human activities. Ordinary people do not protest or reach out typically to help the animals who are becoming orphaned in these situations, but the same individuals may make a connection with the small wildlife they find living in their backyards. 1 Animal connection is a relationship between humans and animals, and includes pets and, livestock, and how the animal is treated in their environment by the human. This developed further as language, religion and adornment in human social lives advanced.

Significant research on the mental health benefits associated with being around animals and owning pets has been conducted. Similar to humans, animals respond to humans who are suffering from emotional pain. When someone ignores the pain they are inflicting on animals, fear is the result. This fear is deeply rooted in the social standing of the person inflicting the pain, as animal abuse is directly related to murder and a disregard to human life. 1 The values of human in ancient civilizations illustrate the respect people had for animals. Most were viewed as mythical and godlike creatures. This continues to be reflected in modern day American culture through unspoken rules about animals. While dogs and cats are commonly considered pets, deer and cows are seen as food. This causes different reactions when an animal is mistreated or injured. A person is more likely to bring a sick dog or cat in for treatment since they are domesticated and are not able to fend for themselves, much like small baby animals in the wild who are orphaned or injured. People feel empathy for these animals. Just as animals became domesticated to gain protection and food, people feel the need to provide the same protection and help to wildlife who are not in a position to help themselves.2

END NOTES 1 Curry, and Gains. "The Inclusive Classroom: The Effects of Color on Learning and Behavior." 2011. 2 "Psychology of Colour in the Educational Environment - Color Objects." Psychology of Colour in the Educational Environment - Color Objects. Accessed October 24, 2016. http://www.colorobjects.com/en/color-columns/the-colour-real/item/357-psychology-of-colour-in-the-educational-environment.html. 3 "Psychology of Colour in the Educational Environment - Color Objects." Psychology of Colour in the Educational Environment - Color Objects. Accessed October 24, 2016. http://www.colorobjects.com/en/color-columns/the-colour-real/item/357-psychology-of-colour-in-the-educational-environment.html. 4 C.Hom., Lorelei Whitney M.H. "Healing With Color." Natural Pet Healthcare:. January 01, 1970. Accessed October 24, 2016. http:// petremedycharts.blogspot.com/2010/08/color-therapy-for-pets.html.

100

IMAGES Figure 1. Animals and their people, The Big Picture September 27, 2012 www.boston.com Figure 2. Lakeland Elementary School Chris J. Roberts Photography 2011 www.archdaily.com Figure 3. Ecole Maternelle Antoine Beille Nathieu Ducros 2011 archdaily.com Figure 4. Palm Springs Animal Hospital 2014 archdaily.com Figure 5. Jack Geschedit, Alec and Rosco. 2011 www.jackphoto.com

7 101

6 SECTION:

Existing Site, Context, Climate and Zoning 1 102

103

Haverford Township Haverford Community Recreation and Environmental Center is located at 9000 Parkview Drive, Haverford, Pennsylvania. Located in Delaware County, Haverford Township has a population of over 48,500 people, 93% of which are Caucasian. The mean family income is approximately $103,000, with males earning an average of $52,000 and women averaging $38,800. The town is located on the Main Line, a suburb of Philadelphia, where most of the working families commute into the city.1 Of the 18,000 households in the area, 33% have children living at home with an average of 3

2 1 104

per family. Because many residents commute into the city for work, the townâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s per capita income remains low. There are few tourist attractions but the most popular is Haverford College and its Arboretum.2 Haverford has an abundance of parks and forested areas, especially surrounding the Haverford Recreation Center. This encourages a large population of animals. In a typical Pennsylvania suburb, one would find animals such as deer, foxes, squirrels, a variety of birds, skunks, opossum, and groundhogs.3 As Haverford experiences all four seasons, some animals hibernate, and

a few fly south for the winter. The median temperature in town is 54 degrees Fahrenheit. It typically rains about 41 inches a year, and the average wind speed is about nine miles per hour. Winds travel from the southeast to northwest. This does not have adverse effects on the buildings in Haverford because trees block any major impact.4 This cool climate influences the architectural style of local homes. Rather than stucco walls and clay roofing or a farmhouse style, Haverford's typical architectural style models those in the northeast region and includes Georgian, Dutch Colonial, English cottage and New American. These revival styles are directly

related to the Welsh Quakers who settled the land in 1684, once William Penn founded the township.5 Stores and shops take on a modern look and are larger in size reflecting the upper middle class economic status of the residents. As the building is sourrounded by trees, the only architecture is that of the homes built a quarter mile down the road. Haverford was initially known for the Haverford Mill, built in 1658. Before the land was settled, it was owned by William Howell. This small mill business enabled the town to grow. By 1814, the mill was sold and a government contract was drafted to develop the township.

3 105

65 Figure 1 106

By 1902 there was direct tolley transportation to Philadelphia, which helped to double the population of this suburban town. Rather than growing local small businesses, residents commuted into Philadelphia, just as they do today, to make their living with city based jobs.5 Haverford takes great pride in its high standard of education since the first educational building, the Federal School built in 1797, and the town has consistently developed its school district. Haverford College is a small school that was founded in 1833. In any animal rehabilitation center, no matter where in the country it is located, only a finite number and species of animals can be accommodated. Every animal needs a license to be held in any facility. This limits the number of animals the proposed center will be able to house. There are a variety of animals such as birds of prey and bears, which are especially at risk to suffer from rabies. These animals would have to be sent to a nearby shelter. The map in Figure 1 identifies local shelters capable of accommodating such animals.

Zoning Haverford Community Recreation and Environmental Center is zoned in a residential area as an environmental reserve. Its mission is to "create a healthier environment and healthier individual through education and programs. Haverford believes the health of our community is directly related to the quality of our air, water and open spaces.."6 The town has a mix of ancestries consisting primarily of Irish, Italian, German and English. Through the community center and learning to create a healthier and more sustainable environment, Haverford will blend diverse cultures together.7

107

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Existing Site Haverfordâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Community Center is located off Veterans Memorial Highway. The few homes surrounding the center allows these residents pedestrian access. However, the town is significantly spread out, and not many people are within walking distance. There are few if any public transportation stops throughout the town, and none near the center, making the most common access to the building by car. The building is surrounded by lush trees, allowing for picturesque views from most windows. These trees also create a natural sound barrier against traffic noise from the road. Visually, these trees enable animals to remain safely separated from human and vehicle interaction. The trees also foster an animalâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s transition from rehabilitation to release as a seamless process. There are a few areas where the external views are not as interesting, mainly those of the parking lot and main entrance. The south of the building, adjacent to the parking lot, captures the harshest angles of sunlight. The west side of the building is also bathed in a significant amount of light while enjoying unobstructed views of the forest. This is an important consideration when planning animal rehabilitation spaces, so they can consistently feel connected with their natural surroundings.8 Directly across from the building is a dog park which is part of the facility. This is free and open to the community as a place to bring your dog for free ranging. This area is used by the center as an essential component of the rehabilitation process as well as space for outdoor education sessions children Through the use of outdoor areas, children will connect with the environment and animals native to their area while enjoying one of the positive aspects of their community.

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End Notes

1. By Default, the Arrow Will Inherit the Same Colors and Border as What Is Set on the Main Tooltip Itself. */. "19083 Zip Code (Penn Wynne, PA) Detailed Profile." 19083 Zip Code (Penn Wynne, Pennsylvania) Profile. Accessed November 06, 2016. http://www.city-data.com/zips/19083.html. 2. "The Township of Haverford, Pennsylvania / Homepage." The Township of Haverford, Pennsylvania / Homepage. Accessed November 06, 2016. https:// www.haverfordtownship.org/. 3.

Ibid.

4. Zone, Climate. "Climate Information for Philadelphia - Pennsylvania Mid-Atlantic - United States." Climate Information for Philadelphia - Pennsylvania - Mid-Atlantic - United States. Accessed November 06, 2016. http:// www.climate-zone.com/climate/united-states/pennsylvania/philadelphia/. 5. History.com Staff. "Pennsylvania." History.com. 2009. Accessed November 06, 2016. http://www.history.com/topics/us-states/pennsylvania. 6. "About Us." Haverford Township Historical Society. Accessed November 06, 2016. http://www.haverfordhistoricalsociety.org/. 7. "Home." Haverford College. Accessed November 07, 2016. https://www. haverford.edu/. 8. "The Township of Haverford, Pennsylvania / Community Recreation & Environmental Center." The Township of Haverford, Pennsylvania / Community Recreation & Environmental Center. Accessed November 07, 2016. http://www. haverfordtownship.org/department/division.php?structureid=93. 9.

Ibid.

10. "Tools for Consumers and Designers of Solar." Calculation of the Sun's Path. 2009. Accessed November 7, 2016.

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Images Figure 1 190 Golf House Rd. Realitor.com accessed 11/6/16 Figure 2 190 1700 Haverford Twp Haverfordtownship.org accessed 11/6/16 Figure 3 Haverford main hall haverfordcollege.com 11/6/16 Figure 4 Zoning Map Revised Sept. 2016 http://www.haverfordtownship.org/egov/documents/1475264416_00493.pdf Figure 5 Google earth https://www.google.com/maps/place/ Haverford+Township,+PA/@39.9859215,-75.3546245,13z/ data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x89c6c0383d157135:0x4cb7a38e83fd5e 72!8m2!3d39.9877992!4d-75.3062326 Figure 6 Google earth https://www.google.com/maps/place/ Haverford+Township,+PA/@39.9859215,-75.3546245,13z/ data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x89c6c0383d157135:0x4cb7a38e83fd5e 72!8m2!3d39.9877992!4d-75.3062326

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7 SECTION:

PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT

1 112

113

VESTIBULE LOBBY COPY ROOM STORAGE

major adjacency

JANITOR CLOSET

secondary adjacency

ELECTRICAL ROOM MECHANICAL ROOM FILE ROOM EMPLOYEE BREAK STAFF MEETING RESTROOMS OFFICES CLASSROOMS CRAFTING ROOM MULTIPURPOSE ROOM KITCHEN LOUNGE GIFT SHOP SURGICAL ROOM ANIMAL SANCTUARY KENNELS INDOOR REHAB AREA EXAM ROOMS

114

2 115

ROOM NAME

116

QTY.

SQ. FT.

CIRCULATION

VESTIBULE LOBBY

2 2

COPY ROOM

STORAGE

JANITORS CLOSET ELECTRICAL ROOM MECHANICAL ROOM

2 1 1

FILE ROOM

EMPLOYEE BREAK ROOM STAFF MEETING ROOM

2 2

RESTROOMS

OFFICES

CLASSROOMS MULTIPURPOSE ROOM

6 1

ADJACENCIES

10,000 RESTROOM, GIFT SHOP, 200 EXAME ROOMS 1,000 VESTIBULE 150 FILE ROOM CRAFT, KITCHEN MULTIPURPOSE FILE ROOM KENNEL ANIMALS SANCTUARY 1,000 SURGICAL ROOM 50 ANIMAL SANCTUARY 50 MECHANICAL 500 ELECTRICAL STAFF MEETING AND 300 OFFICES STAFF MEETING AND OFFICES KITCHEN 500 LOUNGE 500 KITCHEN LOUNGE CLASSROOMS KITCHEN 500 GIFTSHOPS KITCHEN FILE ROOM, COPY ROOM EMPLOYEE 2,000 BREAK ROOM RESTROOMS, CRAFTING 4,000 ROOM, 1,000 CLASSROOMS STORAGE STAFF MEETING, OFFICES,

PRIVACY

LIGHTING

EQUIPTMEN

PUBLIC

NATURAL/ ARTIFICIAL

PUBLIC PUBLIC

NATURAL NATURAL

PRIVATE

ARTIFICIAL

PRIVATE

ARTIFICIAL

PRIVATE PRIVATE PRIVATE

ARTIFICIAL ARTIFICIAL ARTIFICIAL

PRIVATE

ARTIFICIAL

STORAGE

PRIVATE PRIVATE

NATURAL NAURAL

SEATING CONFRENCE

PUBLIC

ARTIFICIAL

URNIALS & T

PRIVATE

NATURAL

DESKS, SEAT

PUBLIC PUBLIC

NATURAL NATURAL

DESKS, SEAT SEATING

N/A N/A COPY MACH AND PRINTE

SHELVES SHELVES AN SLOP SINK HVAC

LIGHTING

EQUIPTMENT

FINISHES

NATURAL/ ARTIFICIAL NATURAL NATURAL

ACOUSTICS

LEVEL

LOW

PERCEPTION WELCOMING

N/A N/A COPY MACHINES AND PRINTERS

DURABLE DURABLE

MEDIUM MEDIUM

1 WELCOMING 1 WELCOMING

CARPETING

MEDIUM

2 WELCOMING

SHELVES SHELVES AND SLOP SINK

VCT

MEDIUM

HVAC

VCT VCT VCT

MEDIUM MEDIUM MEDIUM

1 SEAPERATE 1 SEAPERATE 1 SEAPERATE

ARTIFICIAL

E E E

ARTIFICIAL ARTIFICIAL ARTIFICIAL

ARTIFICIAL

STORAGE

CARPETING

MEDIUM

2 SEAPERATE

E E

NATURAL NAURAL

SEATING CONFRENCE TABLE

EASILY CLEANABLE CARPETING

LOW LOW

2 WELCOMING 2 WELCOMING

ARTIFICIAL

URNIALS & TOILETS

VCT

LOW

NATURAL

DESKS, SEATING

CARPETING

LOW

2 WELCOMING

NATURAL NATURAL

DESKS, SEATING SEATING

VCT CARPETING

MEDIUM LOUD

1 WELCOMING 1 WELCOMING

1,2

SEPARATE

WELCOMING

117

118

STORAGE

1,000 SURGICAL ROOM

PRIVATE

ARTIFICIAL

JANITORS CLOSET ELECTRICAL ROOM MECHANICAL ROOM

2 1 1

PRIVATE PRIVATE PRIVATE

ARTIFICIAL ARTIFICIAL ARTIFICIAL

FILE ROOM

PRIVATE

ARTIFICIAL

STORAGE

EMPLOYEE BREAK ROOM STAFF MEETING ROOM

2 2

PRIVATE PRIVATE

NATURAL NAURAL

SEATING CONFRENCE

RESTROOMS

PUBLIC

ARTIFICIAL

URNIALS & T

OFFICES

PRIVATE

NATURAL

DESKS, SEAT

CLASSROOMS MULTIPURPOSE ROOM

6 1

PUBLIC PUBLIC

NATURAL NATURAL

DESKS, SEAT SEATING

KITCHEN LOUNGE GIFT SHOP SURGICAL ROOM

2 1 2

PRIVATE PUBLIC PRIVATE

NATURAL NATURAL ARTIFICIAL

SEATING AN EQUIPTMEN SHELVING A LAB EQUIPT

ANIMAL SANCTUARY

PRIVATE

NATURAL

ANIMAL ACC

KENNELS

PRIVATE

NATURAL

CAGES

INDOOR REHAB AREAS

PRIVATE

NATUAL

EXAM ROOMS

50 ANIMAL SANCTUARY 50 MECHANICAL 500 ELECTRICAL STAFF MEETING AND 300 OFFICES STAFF MEETING AND OFFICES KITCHEN 500 LOUNGE 500 KITCHEN LOUNGE CLASSROOMS KITCHEN 500 GIFTSHOPS KITCHEN FILE ROOM, COPY ROOM EMPLOYEE 2,000 BREAK ROOM RESTROOMS, CRAFTING 4,000 ROOM, 1,000 CLASSROOMS STORAGE STAFF MEETING, OFFICES, RESTROOMS, 700 CLASSROOMS 1,000 VESTIBULE 1,000 ANIMAL SANCTUARY KENNELS, INDOOR REHAB, 3,000 EXAME ROOMS STORAGE SURGICAL 4,000 ROOM KENNELS, INDOOR REHAB, 5,000 EXAM ROOMS KENNELS, INDOOR REHAB, 4,000 EXAM ROOMS

PRIVATE

ARTIFICIAL

MEDICAL EQ EXAME TABL SINKS

SHELVES SHELVES AN SLOP SINK HVAC

ARTIFICIAL

E E E

ARTIFICIAL ARTIFICIAL ARTIFICIAL

E E

VCT

MEDIUM

HVAC

VCT VCT VCT

MEDIUM MEDIUM MEDIUM

1 SEAPERATE 1 SEAPERATE 1 SEAPERATE

ARTIFICIAL

STORAGE

CARPETING

MEDIUM

2 SEAPERATE

NATURAL NAURAL

SEATING CONFRENCE TABLE

EASILY CLEANABLE CARPETING

LOW LOW

2 WELCOMING 2 WELCOMING

ARTIFICIAL

URNIALS & TOILETS

VCT

LOW

NATURAL

DESKS, SEATING

CARPETING

LOW

2 WELCOMING

NATURAL NATURAL

DESKS, SEATING SEATING

VCT CARPETING

MEDIUM LOUD

1 WELCOMING 1 WELCOMING

NATURAL NATURAL ARTIFICIAL

SEATING AND KITCHEN EQUIPTMENT WOOD SHELVING AND MERCH DURABLE LAB EQUIPTMENT EASILY CLEANABLE

LOW MEDIUM LOW

2 WELCOMING 1 WELCOMING 1 WELCOMING

NATURAL

ANIMAL ACCESSORIES

EASILY CLEANABLE

LOW

1 WELCOMING

NATURAL

CAGES

EASILY CLEANABLE

LOW

1 WELCOMING

NATUAL

LOW

1 WELCOMING

ARTIFICIAL

MEDICAL EQUIPTMENT EASILY CLEANABLE EXAME TABLES SINKS EASILY CLEANABLE

LOW

1 WELCOMING

SHELVES SHELVES AND SLOP SINK

1,2

SEPARATE

WELCOMING

119

VET SPACE UTILITY OFFICES CLASSROOM CIRCULATION FIRST FLOOR FLOOR

120

SECOND FLOOR FLOOR

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IMAGES 1 RACOONS GETTIMAGE.COM EMILY JOHNSON 2.MEMPHIS VETRNARY SPECIALTIES ARCHIMANIARENDERING JEGGREY JACOBS ARCHDAILY.COM 3 ANIMAL FAMILY PORTRATES EARTHPORN.COM

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8 SECTION:

BUILDING ANALYSIS, CODE, REGULATIONS & STANDARDS 1 124

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Existing Building Analysis Haverford Recreation and Environmental Center is a two floor, 35,000 square foot building designed by Kimmel Bogrette Architecture and Site Incorporated. This community center was design began in 2007 and recently finished construction in 2011 with the contemporary structure that Kimmel Bogrette is known for. The building style reflects the environmental reserve where it is built by using natural day lighting and ation.1

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sustainable systems and materials to reflect health, wellness, as well as education.1 The Community Recreation and Environmental Center has many sustainable features that reflect the site, throughout both the interior and exterior allowing patrons to become enhanced by the surrounding reserve as they use the facility.2 The center encourages wellness through limited

parking and bicycle racks near the entrance to encourage those in the community who live close enough to bike and walk rather than drive. Sustainable water systems have been implements through storm water runoff basins, and a newly designed water efficient landscape that use plants in an irrigation system while creating habitats for small wildlife around the building. 1

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Project Data

Project Name: Haverford Wildlife Rehabilitation and Education Center Address: 599 Glendale Rd, Havertown, PA 19083 Date of Completion: 2017 Total Gross Square Feet: 35,000 Applicable Building Code Zoning ordinance: Township of Haverford Fire Code:2010 Philadelphia Fire Code Energy Code: International Energy Code User Group: Business B Means of Egress: Protected Sprinklered Dead End Limit: 50' Gross Squared Footage Number of Occupants: 353 Number of Exits: 4 Sanitation: 7 WC: Men's 3 Urinals: Men's 7 WC: Women's 1 Service sink 3 Drinking Fountains 134

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END NOTES 1 "Kimmel Bogrette Architecture + Site, Inc. | American Institute of Architects." Kimmel Bogrette Architecture + Site, Inc. | American Institute of Architects. Accessed November 21, 2016. https://aiaphiladelphia.org/firm/kimmel-bogrette-architecture-site-inc. 2 "Profile." Kimmel Bogrette Architecture + Site. Accessed November 21, 2016. http://kimmel-bogrette.com/?portfolio=haverford-township-community-recreation-environmental-center. 3 PUGLIONESI, By LOIS. "Haverford OKs Contract for Rec Center Design." Haverford OKs Contract for Rec Center Design. Accessed November 21, 2016. http://www.delcotimes.com/article/DC/20090917/ NEWS/309179992. 4 "The Township of Haverford, Pennsylvania / Community Recreation & Environmental Center." CREC Sustainable Features. November 2015. http://www.haverfordtownship.org/department/division.php?fDD=10-204.

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IMAGES 1 Prarie dogs. Getty Images. Michael Brownstone. 2 Kimmel Bogrette. Portfolio. http://kimmel-bogrette.com/?portfolio=haverford-township-community-recreation-environmental-center 3 Kimmel Bogrette. Portfolio. http://kimmel-bogrette.com/?portfolio=haverford-township-community-recreation-environmental-center 4 Kimmel Bogrette. Portfolio. http://kimmel-bogrette.com/?portfolio=haverford-township-community-recreation-environmental-center 5 Kimmel Bogrette. Portfolio. http://kimmel-bogrette.com/?portfolio=haverford-township-community-recreation-environmental-center 6 Kimmel Bogrette. Portfolio. http://kimmel-bogrette.com/?portfolio=haverford-township-community-recreation-environmental-center 7 Kimmel Bogrette. Portfolio. http://kimmel-bogrette.com/?portfolio=haverford-township-community-recreation-environmental-center 8 Kimmel Bogrette. Portfolio. http://kimmel-bogrette.com/?portfolio=haverford-township-community-recreation-environmental-center 9 LA Riding Acadamy. https://feralfront.com/index.php?topic=1659956.0

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9 SECTION:

Summary

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Summary Through my research I have found that designing a wildlife rehabilitation and education center will be a unique challenge based on the two separate programmatic needs. While both the veterinarian and education staff will have similar needs, each species of animal and each child will need slightly different accommodations to make their time at the center successful. As some animals will be long term residence to the facility, there will be a need to provide them with comfort while also providing the key elements of their natural habitat and the same simulation of the environment as they continue to grow and heal at the center. The benefits of using natural elements in both education as well as animal rehabilitation are endless and will be incorporated into my design as I find nature to be the inspiration of my project. Creating spaces that use biophillia, will benefit both the animals and children in making the space as interesting as possible. I see my project using the interaction and empathy to create a center to truly teach students and those living in the Haverford area about the importance of respecting and coexisting with nature. I think that using biophillia and sustainable elements the users will be able to see how architecture and manmade elements can enhance its natural surroundings rather than destroying it, and that is something I find most important about bringing visitors into the center. I would like to give them a reason to come back and continue to educate themselves on the wildlife in the area and everything they can do to protect and preserve it in a well developed suburb. 140

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IMAGES 1 Monarch Butterflys By Anuphadit http://www.upi.com/Science_ News/2016/04/22/Dearth-of-milkweed-not-the-monarch-butterflysmain-threat/8801461354071/ 2 Haley Barnshaw Myla, unpublished image 2015 3 Life in the Poconos ttps://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0ahUKEwj89ZiA3O_QAhUEzGMKHZQ9CO0QjhwIBQ&url=http%3A%2F%2Fpoconolife.com%2Fcategory%2Flife-in-the-poconos%2F&bvm=bv.141320020,d. cGw&psig=AFQjCNHz-cfdrbbaCbpxCyiJcMu_IdDgNQ&ust=1481668437291451&cad=rjt

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