Terms used in the study of The Promise ˏʻʷʾƓ˕ːʫȎɃʾ˓˖
Multi Language Publications Bringing the Word to the World
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Multi Language Publications Bringing the Word to the World
Copyright © 2014 Developed by MultiLanguage Publications, a program of the Board for World Missions of the Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod. Scripture is taken from the Holy Bible, New International Reader’ Version. Copyright © 1996, 1998 by the International Bible Society. Used by permission of the International Bible Society. MLP catalog number 385286
ʂɛȏˆˈˇ˃ˁˉǬʟˀɃ˂ʚ˅˄ˋˌˊʸ ʂɛʫˍʙˍȁȎʫˍʲʿʂʴʙʸ
ưȗʵʶȘȹʜʹʽʰȐɞ ɍʗʹʽȘȹǪȳʰʁťȯʼʹ ʽȉʕʟȿɶɚʇʠʳʀʅʾɻ ɳɭʑʆʻʷʯʹʽɕʔʰɈŵ ʶɘƖʾɴɖʼʐʱȾʹʽȄŠ ɑʲȥũʹʽʎʼʹʽʟȿɶɚ ʇʠʳʀʅʾɻɳɭʑʆʐʱɹ ʹʽʏȳɗɡʎʼʹʽɰʟȿ ɶɚʇʠʳʀʅʾɻɳɭʑʆʻ ʷȁɓʘȟƳʂƐɍʼɹʘʕɿ ȵʱʼʢʠʳʀʅʾɻɳɭʑʻ ʷʠʳɦʏɽƆʑ ʹʽʯʘǗʊʔʢʂʴʙű ɟʋʼƂDŽʘǸƢʴʙʫŤȸʬ ȰȅɟǽʼǓȃʂɛʕɹʘƨɂ ɎȎʸŨǥǀȟʂɛʗȓƼȔ ȀʼʐʘʾȔȀƈȓʂɛʎʼʩ ʽɰȉʕʟȢɚʇʠʳʀʅʾɻ ɳɭʑʆ ȊɡƛʍʘȽʮʑ
ˑ˔ ŮɟǮƣ ɷʡ ɉɊ ʺ ɏʺ ʵʺʾʂȨ ǹʁʰɋ əʄɀɂ ɺʺ ɼʲ ʖʋ ʄʴ ɅɄ ȯȴɅɄ ɡȴɅɄ ɺȖ Ȅʖɇ ʖʋʎdž ɿʺ ɒɾ
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Inspiration/Verbal inspiration “Breathing into.” The Holy Spirit breathed all the words of the Bible into its writers. Therefore, the Bible is God’s Word, without any errors. 2 Peter 1:21—For prophecy never had its origin in the human will, but prophets, though human, spoke from God as they were carried along by the Holy Spirit.
Ǯƣ˗ŮɟǮƣ ʢʬƫʳɸʇʻʷɶʚʾǯʆɨɐʸʴʃʝʴʙʫʭʵɌɃɶʚ ʜʴʙʫƩɛǘʾʊǤʼʥȩʼʴʙʳʻʷʾɌɃʼʳȠȼǴʵ ǁƲʾʸ
͉˳̙̗̒̒ʨ̖ʨʥʯ˙˂ɸɐǴʵʚǼʶɘʾʼ̀ʳʶˠʴʃ̥ŦȢʚ ʻʷʾɌɐʸ
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Law The moral Law is God’s unchangeable will for how people are to live, rules of right and wrong. God wrote His Law in our hearts and in the Bible. The Ten Commandments are a summary of God’s Law. The Law shows us our sins (against Him and against other people) and our need for a Savior. Matthew 22:37-39—“‘Love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind.’ This is the first and greatest commandment. And the second is like it: ‘Love your neighbor as yourself.’”
ɷʡ əǬɷʡʳʻʷʜʶʰljɥɬʒƒʾșɘʼȆȧʶȗʀʛʞɝƺ ȡʳǦʸʻʷʝʱʾɷʡŝʮʶǾʻʲʴʙʫʼȸƯʤʳʻʷʾ ɷʡʾƙƦʸȋȾʹʽƞǸʹʽʾʺȶʏʺʱʲʏʺȭʩʶȷɝ ɹʹʽǣəʹʽǫȅʰʁɗɡʸ
̏̊ɉɊ̗̗̙̖̓̂̓̕ʨ̖ʨʦʧŞʩȢɚʇʘȅ̎Ǿʣ̎Ȩʣ̎ɘɑɡʘ ʾʻʷʸʢʳƯǛʫʾ˟ʰʼɠʳˣ˦ʾʸȭ̆ɰɁ˱ʼʤʳȅ ɑʶȗųʸʆ
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Gospel The Gospel is the “good news” that God loved all the lost people in our world and sent His Son to save them from sin and death. Jesus lived a perfect life, paid for our sins on the cross, and rose from the dead to give us eternal life in heaven. John 3:16—For God so loved the world that he gave his one and only Son, that whoever believes in him shall not perish but have eternal life.
ɉɊ ɉɊʤʳʻʷɑʉʻʭʵƗƎʾʶɝǡƷʱʾǷʌɸʺʲʓɯʫ ƉɗʩʽʢʰʬʇɦƵǟʆʸʦʧʮʉʻǺʰʬɽʺʾʛʞʣʯ ʹʽʾʺɤʻɺɵʓʮȸɟƌʻʼɧɠɸʓɯʫɼʞɢʜʹʽʮ ƁŭʫɥɬʾʛǛʸ
̐̑ɉɊ̙̓̒́ʨ̘ʨʻʷɑʉʶʼ˝̉˴ʩʾțʛʌɢʜʩʽʼŵʰ Žʈʩʾʼʒ̉˻ɯʼƀʏɥʛʸ
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Sin Sin is the breaking of God’s Law, doing what He says we shouldn’t do, or failing to do what He commands. Human beings have sinful thoughts and sinful desires. We speak sinful words and do sinful things. 1 John 3:4—“Everyone who sins breaks the law; in fact, sin is lawlessness.”
ʺ ʺʤʳʹʽƻƀʻʷʾɷʡʣɕʔʱɪdzʹʽʒƓƬɕʾɴɖʣ ʗǴʵɕʱDžǙʹʽʾɴɖʸǍʬʶɱʟʚơʵʺʾȲǵʲŷ ȃʼɰʟȢʚʵʺʾɌɃʲʊʵʺʾɴɖʸ
̐̑ʰɛ̙̓˛ʨ̖ʨ͆ȍʺʾʼʤʳƻ͇ɷʡDzƻ͇ɷʡʤʳʺʸ
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Original Sin The sinful condition that all people are born with, inherited from Adam. This bad condition corrupts (ruins) all of our good powers, makes us spiritually dead, and separates us from God. Psalm 51:5—Surely I was sinful at birth, sinful from the time my mother conceived me.
ɏʺ ʥʯɜʐȍʔʺʼʭʵʶɱȱɲʔɜʐʾʺʼʥȩʭʵʶʛɐʤ ʵʺʼʢʬʵʺʾŬƔʤʳɏʺʸȋƴLjȶƍƏȷʹʽȝŢʾʕ ŧʼɮʹʽʃȨʻʓɯʼɰɮʹʽʍʻʷǿȦʸ
̙̓̔̒̔ͅʨ̘ʨʹʳʮʺ˩̌ʛʾʼʮʹ̯Ȕ̫̟ʾʎ̄ʤʵʔʺʸ
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Sinful nature/Sinful flesh Because we have inherited original sin from Adam and Eve, our thinking and desires are against God. As long as we are in this world, believers must turn away from their sins, ask for forgiveness, and fight against their sinful flesh. Galatians 5:17—So I say, walk by the Spirit, and you will not gratify the desires of the flesh. For the flesh desires what is contrary to the Spirit, and the Spirit what is contrary to the flesh. They are in conflict with each other...
ʺȨˎʨʺɂȶʵʺʾʂȨ˗ʵʺʾɀɂȷ ʥʪʹʽȱɲɜʐʲǢǨʾʺʼʹʽɱʵɏʺʼʭɣʹʽʾȲǵ ʲɘȊɱʍʻʷʯȪʸʈɔʮʉʻƚǒƹȦʩʽʾʺʣȮǎɾ ʺʼɧɠʍʩʽɫʵʺʾɀɋşżʸ
͈͂̊ɛ̙̔̒̂ʨ̘ʨʥʯɖŷʲʴʃɁşʼʴʃʲɖŷɁşʼʢȬʬ ʳ͉ȩɁȪʼɮʘʽʒʕʊʭȊɘʊʾʸ
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Trinity/Triune The Bible's teaching that God is one almighty, eternal, who is everywhere and who exists in three co-equal persons, the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit. Matthew 28:19—Therefore go and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit.
ǹʁʰɋ˗ǹʰʻʷ ʴʙȆȧʹʽʻʷʳțʰʣȼʕʣɥɬɝɽȫʒʮʾʼʢʁʻʷ ʵǹʬțƤɨȽʅʾʁǕǶǶʴƇʣʴʌʲʴʃʸ
̏̊ɉɊ̗̙̃̒̕ʨ̘ʨʭɣʼʘʽȅȈʼɮˬˮʊʹʾ˿ɔʼǝƇʣ ʌʣʴʃʾ˲ʜʩʽȄƮʸ
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Incarnation “Becoming flesh.” When Jesus was born of the virgin Mary the eternal Son of God became a real, flesh and blood human being, with a true human body and soul, even though He continued to be true God. Galatians 4:4-5—But when the set time had fully come, God sent his Son, born of a woman, born under the law, to redeem those under the law, that we might receive adoption to sonship.
əʄɀɂ ʐʦʧɸţůƠǃɜʭʛʼʢʁɥɬʾʴʌǔʄʯʰʬʠƜʾʣ ʵɩʵɀʾʶʼƝʵʶžʾɂɋʲǾʃʼƾȽʎʱźȹʳȠȼʾ ʠNJʸ
͈͂̊ɛ˛̙˛̖̔ʨ̘ʨɝ̉ʎ̹̻̄ʼʻʷʤą̇̄ʩʾǷʌʼʯůʌʭ ʛʼɠʛʮɷʡɣŪʼȅʝɷʡɣŪʾʶɺʚɐʼŵʹʽʏʪǷ ʌʾ˲ǿʸ
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Atone To make a payment to take away God’s anger against sin. God made it clear that the payment for sin had to include the shedding of blood. The Son of God shed His holy, precious blood to make payment for our sins. 1 John 2:2—(Jesus) is the atoning sacrifice for our sins, and not only for ours but also for the sins of the whole world.
ɺʺ ɤʚȺɵȚȈʻʷŞʺʶʾǞǩʸʻʷŶřƃʚʯʺʭɤʾȺɵ ƑLJȌɩʼʴʌʻʷʯʹʽšʶʾʺȌʚʱɫʴɆʾŰɩʊʯȺ ɵʸ
̐̑ʰɛ̗̙̗ʨ̘ʨȶʦʧȷʯʹʽʾʺʊʔ̡Ụ̑ʼʒʳ̮ʯʹʽʾ ʺʼɰʳʯ˒ƁŪʶʾʺʸ
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Reconcile/Reconciliation To bring two parties who were separated back together again, so they are friends instead of enemies. We have been reconciled to God through the death of His Son. Because of Jesus, we have peace with God. 2 Corinthians 5:18-19—All this is from God, who reconciled us to himself through Christ and gave us the ministry of reconciliation: that God was reconciling the world to himself in Christ, not counting people’s sins against them.
ɼʲ ʝȬʬʶʗȬƧʶʾȥǐȰŜǧɦʼɮDZƄʲŘɨʒȒʳȪʶʸ ȣʪʻʷʾǷʌʯʹʽʓʼʹʽʏɣʍʻʷɼʲDzʥʪʦʧʼʹ ʽʍʻʷʲɦʔʸ
̠̀ˀ˳ɛ̙̖̔̒̃̒̕ʨ̘ʨʰŽɱʳʚǼʻʷDzʩȣʪȕŗɮʹʽʍʩ ʲɦʼ̚˴̬ʶʍʩʲɦʾ̼ǿɢʜʹʽʸʢʤʳʻʷʮȕŗ ̌ʼŵʉʶʍȜųʲɦʼʒ˴ʩʽʾǺȍ̭˘ʩʽɂʻʼɧɠ˴ ʢʲɦʾə̴̈́ɤʔʹʽʸ
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Grace God’s undeserved love. By grace, God gives salvation to sinners as a gift. Ephesians 2:8,9—For it is by grace you have been saved, through faith—and this is not from yourselves, it is the gift of God—not by works, so that no one can boast.
ʖʋ ʻʷʝʱʾɑɢʜʒƶʏʾʶʸʥʪʖʋʼʻʷʝɗʖʢȐɞɍ ɢʜʺʶʸ
ɣ̋ʭɛ̗̙̖̃̕ʨ̘ʨʘʽʏɗʳʂ˪ʖʼɰʥʪʈDzʢɧʒʳʚǼȜ ųʼ̀ʳʻʷʭɢʾDzɰʒʳʚǼȝʯʼȞʏʵʶȜ˵ʸ
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Sanctify/Sanctification To make holy, to set people apart from the ungodly people in this world, so they belong to and serve the holy God; To be sanctified is to be led by the Spirit to live a life according God’s Will. Ephesians 2:10—“For we are God’s handiwork, created in Christ Jesus to do good works, which God prepared in advance for us to do.”
ʄʴ ʝʶɸʉʻɫɈʒɁʈʻʷʾʶʫǿūʚɐʼɮŸʄʯʴɆʼɣ ƱʩʽƊǼʴɆʾʻʷʼɧɠɴǝʱʸʄʴʾʛʞʤʳʈɔſʪ ʻʷʾșɘȏʴʃȁɓʭǺʾʛʞʸ
ɣ̋ʭɛ̗̙̒˚ʨ̘ʨʹʽɏʳʩʾȻʊʼʮȕŗʦʧ̌ˡʄʾʼʯȅ ŵʹʽȝŢʼʤʳʻʷʭ˙˷ŵʹʽȝʾʸ
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Justify An act of God where he tells us our sins are forgiven. God is like a judge who says we are innocent, not guilty, because if what Christ did for us . Romans 4:25—“He who was delivered over because of our transgressions, and was raised because of our justification.”
ɅɄ ʻʷʾʰʬȝŦʼʱɪdzʹʽʱŴɾȞʔʹʽʾʺʸʥʪʦʧʯ ʹʽʭʊʾʰŽʼʻʷʤȇʰʬʡȤƿɒɪʹʽʯɽʺʸ
˼̏ɛ˛̙̗̔ʨ̘ʨʦʧˠ˰ʜʶʼʳʯʹʽʾǺȍDzɼʞʼʳʯŵʹ ʽɅɄʸ
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Justification, Objective or Universal Like a judge in a courtroom, God says that all people are innocent in His sight because of Jesus’ death and resurrection. John 1:29—“The next day John saw Jesus coming toward him and said, ‘Look, the Lamb of God, who takes away the sin of the world!’”
ɅɄǶǶȯȴɅɄʗ˒ʉɅɄ ȇʡȤʮʡǠɒǂʰƅʼʻʷɒɪʥʪʦʧʾʓɯʲɼʞʼʭʵ ʶʮʱǽʫɱʳɽʺʾʸ
̐̑ɉɊ̙̗̒̕ʨ̘ʨ̆Ȃʼ̐̑̈ȳʦʧɐ˘ʩɫ̌ʼʤȢɚʇ̈ ˢʼʻʷʾ˞˸ʼȚȈʉʶʺ˩ʾʑʆ
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Justification, Subjective or Personal Only those who believe that God forgave them because of Jesus’ death and resurrection receive the benefit of that forgiveness. Romans 3:28—“For we maintain that a person is justified by faith apart from the works of the law.”
ɅɄǶǶɡȴɅɄʗʬʶɅɄ ƭʵɫɈɁʈʻʷʥʪʦʧʾʓɯʲɼʞɨɾȞʩʽʾʶŖʕɓ ɎɾʺʾNjȫʸ
˼̏ɛ̙̗̓̃ʨ̘ʨʭɣʹʽ̈ȡʔɚʶɅɄʳʥʪʈʼʒʮ˪̪ȝɷ ʡʸ
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Redeem/Redemption To pay the price that buys back a slave or prisoner. Jesus redeemed us with His blood. 1 Peter 1:18-19—“For you know that it was not with perishable things such as silver or gold that you were redeemed from the empty way of life handed down to you from your ancestors, but with the precious blood of Christ, a lamb without blemish or defect.”
ɺȖ˗ɗɺ ɤʻɺɵɮʰʬƘŲʗƕȍʏȜȏʸʦʧɣʱʾɩʝʹʽɺȖʸ
͉ʏ̝ɛ̙̖̒̒̃̒̕ʨ̘ʨǣəʘʽʏɺʼ̳Ȉʘʽ̢̽ʭ̷Ȍ̵̲ʾȝ ʯʼʒʳ˯ʪʕLjʾ̛̜ʅɍʼʨ̀ʳ˯ʪȕŗʾŰɩʼȗȽɽ̦ ̺ʣɽ̶̞ʾ˞˸Ÿɩʸ
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Means of Grace The gospel in the Word and sacraments (baptism and Holy Communion) is the means or tool that the Holy Spirit uses to give us the gift of God’s grace. Titus 3:5-7—“He saved us, not because of righteous things we had done, but because of his mercy. He saved us through the washing of rebirth and renewal by the Holy Spirit, whom he poured out on us generously through Jesus Christ our Savior, so that, having been justified by his grace, we might become heirs having the hope of eternal life.”
Ȅʖɇ ʴʃʝʻʷʾʖʋɢʜʶʭƸȎʾǻȑʗȻɇʼʢǻȑʗȻɇʤ ʳʴəʲʴɞȶƮɞʲʴǭȷʫʾɉɊʸ
ˤˀɛ̙̖̓̔̂ʨ̘ʨʩǔɗʔʹʽʼɧʒʳʥʹʽȜųʭȝʾɄʼ̀ʳ ˨ʩʾ˭˹ʼȣʪȰʛʾƮʲʴʃʾ˾Ŝʸʴʃʤʳʻʷȣʪʦ ʧȕŗʹʽɗɡ̇̇˺˫ʮʹʽɂʻʾʼɦŵʹʽʥʩʾʖʏɅ ʯɄʼȉɣ˯ʪɥʛʾǓȃʄʯ˳˧ʸ
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Time of Grace The time that God gives to a person during his life on earth. This is our chance to learn about God, to repent of our sins, and to receive grace and forgiveness through faith in Jesus. Isaiah 55:6—Seek the Lord while he may be found; call on him while he is near.
ʖʋʎdž ʻʷʜŹʰʬʶʮʉʛʞʾʎȂʸʻʷɹʹʽʮʉʾȂʌʵǰʟ ɿȵʱʣʯʪʹʽʾʺǚnjʼɧɠȣʪɁʈʦʧɓɎʱʾʖʋʲ ɾʺʸ
ɣ˽ɜɛ̙̔̔́ʨ̘ʨʐ˥ʦʲ˶ȉ̅̍ʾʎ̄̅̍ʩʼɁ˜ʾʎ̄ǎ ɪʩʸ
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Confess To admit that you have sinned. Christians confess their sins privately to God in prayer. Christians confess their sins publicly in worship. 1 John 1:8-10—“If we claim to be without sin, we deceive ourselves and the truth is not in us. If we confess our sins, he is faithful and just and will forgive us our sins and purify us from all unrighteousness. If we claim we have not sinned, we make him out to be a liar and his word is not in us.”
ɿʺ ɲɿȜųʾʺʸȕŗɔʮȮƥʎǏŪȾʻʷɲɿʩʽʾʺʼɰʟ ʮƟśʫʍȭʩʈɔʰƽŻŚɲɿʩʽʾʺʸ
̐̑ʰɛ̙̖̒̃̒˚ʨ̘ʨʹʽ͊ȢȜųɽʺʼǔʳȜ̤ʼʠ̈́ʒʮʹʽ Ǿ̌ʔʸʹʽ͊ɿȜųʾʺʼʻʷʳʈ̰ʾʼʳŻɄʾʼƚȅɾ ȞʹʽʾʺʼƮ̸ʹʽʰŽʾʒɄʸʹʽ͊ȢȜųǴʵȍǺʺʼ ǔʳɣʻʷʯȢ́ʾʼʩʾəɰʒʮʹʽǾ̌ʔʸ
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Absolution/Forgiveness God takes away the guilt and punishment of all our sins because of Jesus’ work. Because of Jesus, God removes our sin and no longer holds them against us. Psalm 32:1-2—“Blessed is the one whose transgressions are forgiven, whose sins are covered. Blessed is the one whose sin the Lord does not count against them.”
ɒɾ˗ɾʺʗɾȞ ȕǼʦʧʭʄʤʾȻʊʼʻʷǖǑʹʽʭʵʺʾƋƪʲʺǜDzʥ ʪʦʧʼʻʷȚȈʹʽʾʺʼʒȒȡʹʽʾʺʸ
̗̙̖̗̓̓̒ͅʨ̘ʨʏɾȞȭǺʣ̩̱ȭʺʾʼʢʶʳʵɉʾʑ͆Ǿ̌ Ǵʵ̿̾ʣʦʲ˶ʒ̧ʯʵʺʾʼʢʶʳʵɉʾʑ
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Multi Language Publications Bringing the Word to the World
Little Bible Dictionary - Bilingual English/Chinese-Simplified MLP Catalog No. 38-5286