tribute to the sem 5
untoldhistory
architecture sem 5
亨
hann
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Unit F / manifesto
Our unit is interested in the dynamic relationship between the natural and the man-made and how this can be revealed to enhance the design intervention of a Mechanized Architecture. We draw inspiration from he intersection between; Built environment and the ever-evolving Landscape; the Materiality and Immateriality, Cultural infrastructure and Utilitarian infrastructure to form critical proposition for a Speculative Architectural project. Derelict buildings should be viewed as Artefacts; that promote cultural heritage, containing memories of the reconstructed landscape. The urgency of preserving, restoring and celebrating our national historical relic is paramount and needs to be propagated since it symbolizes the local identity. Unit F will investigate the physical nature of a specific post-industrial landscape to speculate the cultural and social implications of post-industrial society and our unit will be divided into 3 (three) themes or theories: THEME 1 The Architecture pf Earth and Materiality (Geological & Tectonic Architecture) THEME 2 Cultural Infrastructure and Socio-culture (Contextual & Cultured Architecture THEME 3 Engineering Industrial Aesthetics (Industrial heritage) To study the importance of Industrial infrastructure that should be preserved as historical monuments (relics) or national building heritage that gives glimpses of the rich industrial past. What is the significance of industrial mining heritage to the local culture and social values? How do we investigate history, cultural heritage, traditions, customs, and way of life of those living surrounding the mining site for centuries? How was the geological transformation of the mining terrains after De-industrialization?
1
Site introduction / an insight of our site
kinta valley / Kinta Valley, Perak which is once famous for its tin mining production during the tin mining rush era (between the year 1884-1895); Our specific site for the field trip is the Tanjung Tualang Dredge No.5 (TT5) which is the last Tin mining dredge in existence in Malaysia, built by the British company, F.W.Payne & Son. for Southern Malayan Tin Dredging Ltd. The facility was closed once due to water leakage, and faced threat to be dismantled due to its high scrap metal value. Abandoned heritage buildings that are not conserved well, will either be ruined into further decay or torn down by money-driven capitalists. We question the importance of preserving the Industrial/ infrastructure heritage as historical monuments (relics) that symbolizes the local history and past culture.
2
tt5 tanjung tualang tin dredge no.5 / The site is located along Jalan Tanjung Tualang at the Tin Dredge (TT5), the site is at a very remote area which is quite a distance away from the city. The Tin Dredge is now act as a tourist area where people will have to purchase an entrance ticket to have a tour around the dredge. There is an ongoing development going on beside the dredge, it is said to be an outdoor maze park which might benefit the development of the site.
History of Kinta Valley / chapter
The Orang Asli and the Malays was the earliest miners in Kinta, also known as Lombon
Sultan Muzafar Syah gave the right to Dutch East Indian Company to monopoly over t
1776
This period is significant because chinese labour was introduced to perak for the first t
1848
Due to the proximity to Penang, the Larut tin mines were the next to be intensively de
1860
Prosperity brought by tin mining was disrupted by feuds.
1883
Malaysia became the largest tin producer in the world
1884
First tin rush began where new land was taken by chinese miners using labour intensi
1885
First railway line constructed between Taiping and Port Weld.
1886 - 1895
Tamil coolies brought in by French tin mining company. Second tin rush began by sm Kinta overtaken Larut in importance. The mining towns in Kinta started to bloom.
1910
The heydays of early rubber industry in Malaya with high rubber price and massive exp priority was still given to mining activities in the Kinta Valley.
1913
Malayan Tin Dredging (MTD) introduced the first dredge in Batu Gajahm, costing almo
1938
TT5 was built by FW Payne and Sons for Malaysia Mining Corporation. It had an upgrad operation for 44 years until August 1982.
1980
Tin price decreased and operations started to shut down. Dredge were dismantled and people to look for alternative income and some even moving out.
1997
Malaysian Mining Corporation (MMC) donated TT5 to the Perak State Government.
2015
Menteri Besar inicorporated Perak was mandated by the Perak State Goverment to co
chapter
4
1746
1746
1776
1848
1860
1883
1884
1885
1886 - 18
ng Siam. chapter
the tin trade in Perak.
time, they brought along new techniques for mining.
eveloped. Chinese miners were imported for the job by Che Long Jaafar
ive methods.
mall gangs of tributers.
pansion. Government and investor
ost RM40 million.
de in 1963 and continued
5
d sold off and caused the
onserve the last dredge in Malaysia.
chapter
895
1910
1913
1938
1940
1948 - 1960
1980
1997
2015
Travelogue /
17 January 2020
chapter
capturing moments f rom site visit
chapter
6
chapter 7
chapter
chapter 8
chapter
chapter 9
chapter
chapter 10
chapter
chapter 1
P1
Unfolding /
06
february
2020
11
A visualisation of the evolving tin mining industry.
chapter 1
chapter 1 12
chapter 1
chapter 1 13
chapter 1
mendulang /
chapter 1
known as tin-panning, a simple method of seperating tin f rom soil
chapter 1
14
Mendulang was one of the main source of income for the local’s back in the days. There was not much impact to the environment then.
palong / an improved version of ‘mendulang’ chapter 1 15
chapter 1
Tin mining industry evolved with the arrival of chinese people, they introduced structures such as ‘Palong’. The impact on the environment increased due to deforestation
tin dredge /
chapter 1
a floating factory
chapter 1
16
Due to high demand of tin, the British people came and introduced machinery (TT5) to the tin mining industry to cope with the demand. Overtime, tin was overpoduced and market value dropped. TT5 closed down and became a tourist spot.
imaginary / an imaginary future chapter 1 17
chapter 1
Repurpose the TT5 into an interactive museum which could conserve the historical value of the site
chapter 2 chapter 2
18
P2
The Ark of Anthropocene /
03
march
illustrates the evolution of the tin mining industry from a primitive method to an advanced technology. How tin mining and human activity has influenced the environment
2020
Credits /
Mj, Hann, Ming Hui, Kimberly, Hassan
Others /
Zi-an, Yi Qian, Jing Ee, Yuen Jing, Rachel
chapter 2
Site analysis / Effect of tin mining on landscape
22
chapter 2
Kinta Valley landscape has been transformed by the tin mining industry and human settlements. The river, land and its tributaries have been silted and polluted. The mining pits had formed by quarrying and dredging. The soil condition damaged by these process. Most of the larger wildlife in Kinta had all but disappeared.
chapter 2 23
Former mining lakes exist due to the impact of tin mining activities in the past. The pressure of development and the increase in population resulted in increased demand for former mining lakes to be converted to a more productive land use.
Heavy metal pollution is a serious issue that shouldnt be taken lightly as it would increase the concentration of heavy metals in the ecosystem.
chapter 2
Not all kind of development are suitable for mining land reclamation. Chemicals consisting of inorganic heavy metals are commonly found in a variety of chemical and physical forms.
chapter 2
Site analysis / interview
Most of the people that we interviewed were not related to the tin mining industry, and not many of th
The villagers enjoys the peacefulness of the site and are mostly satisfied with what the site contribute Some of them feel that the dredge could provide great knowledge to the younger generations. They feel that the site can be developed more and attract more visitors to the site.
chapter 2
24
chapter 2
hem have much knowledge about it.
es.
25
chapter 2
chapter 2
Site analysis / history of mining method
Malay mining
Chinese mining (water wheel)
Deforestation (enviro
chapter 2
26
Tabok mine, one of Mandailing’s mining method. The kait ayer was a lever that lifts the water out of the tabok mine. Kait raga was the lever that lifted the basket of soil with upward motion and then swung it around and deposited it at some distance. The spoil of the tabok mine would pile up near the works. It gives less impact to the topography as the pit formed was not that deep.
In some mines that comes with access to water source, the water wheel was used to operate as a wooden chain pump. The water wheel was built using traditional chinese joinery methods. The wooden chain pump can discharge a maximum of 3600 gallons per hours, but it could only be operated with a source of flowing water and its efficiency declines if its lift beyonds 30 feet. Steam engine was used in 1877 to prevent any work disruption caused by water disruption.
Over the years of ti caused massive impa ment and the land. D needed to clear the ing industry. Soil was holes were formed. Th eventually be filled w comes a pond.
in mining, it has act on the environDeforestation was land for the minbeing dug and pit hese pit holes will with water and be-
chapter 2
onmental impact)
Chinese mining (gravel pump)
European mining (dredging)
27
First bucket dredge was built in Batu Gajah and started operating in 1913. The buckets cuts into the ground and carries a chunk of ore bearing ground into the dredge. The minerals will then be processed inside the dredge and the waste will be disposed out from the dredge. Tin dredge was the last technology of tin mining industry Malayan. In 1952, there were 39 dredges operated in Kinta Valley, and today stands the last tin dredge.
chapter 2
Gravel pump introduced by the chinese miners in 1906. The gravel pump requires large amount of water supply and large amount of workers. The gravel pump delivers the gravel mixed with sand, tin ore, water and mud from the bottom of the mine to the top of the palong. Sluice boxes was divided into compartments and inclined at a gentle angle downwards. The heavy mineral such as tin will remain on the sluice boxes and the light minerals will be sweaped away into the tailings.
chapter 2
Thoughts / what i feel about the site
In my opinion, the site is located at a very strategic location because the ambience of the site is very peaceful and calm, it gives a poetic vibe to the place. The Tin Dredge is surrounded by beautiful nature and landscape which suits very well with the existence of the dredge to preserve its originality of the site. The site have every opportunity to be developed bacause of the large empty land surrounding it. I feel that the site should not be over developed because there is so much historical value on the site.
Disadvantages / negative view 28
chapter 2
The site is in a very remote area which could be diff icult for people to notice what is in the site and what its about. Therefore, it could one day be irrelevant to the new generation. There are also not much attractions around the area other than the dredge itself.
chapter 2
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chapter 2
chapter 2
Findings and research / information for design strategies
The following incidents are found through reasearch and readings. Tin mining has caused several incidents which result in taking lives and damaging the environment. These informations are crucial as its part of the history that not many people know.
30
chapter 2
the pantai remis landslide / sinkholes in kinta valley / fallen heroes /
chapter 2
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31
chapter 2
chapter 2
the pantai remis landslide /
chapter 2
32
The Pantai Remis landslide was a rock fall and floor that occured on 21 October 1993. The landslide took place in an abandoned open cast tin mine close to the Strait of Malacca. A video footage captured, shows the rapid collapse of the working face closest to the sea, allowing complete flooding of the mine and forming a new cove that measures approximately 0.5km2 (0.19sq mi)
chapter 2
before
33
chapter 2
after
chapter 2
the pantai remis landslide /
chapter 2
34
chapter 2 35
chapter 2
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H6Ma0SVjMHA
chapter 2
sinkholes in kinta valley / The f irst documented occurence of sinkholes in the Kinta Valley was reported in the 1950s when a sinkhole accured beside a railway track near Pengkalan. Since then, sinkhole occurences were documented in the archives of the Minerals and Geoscience Department
The incidents of sinkhole occurence reached a peak in the 1970s and 80s just before the collapse of the tin- mining industry in Kinta Valley where more than 50 singholes were found in the Lahat-Bukit Merah area
Glorious Years of Kinta Valley 1884 - 1895
chapter 2
36
chapter 2 37
chapter 2
h t t p s : // w w w . a k a d e m i s a i n s . g o v . m y /a s m s j /a r t i c l e / an-overview-of-sinkhole-geohazard-incidence-recorded-in-the-kinta-valley-area-perak/
chapter 2
fallen heroes / Six Malaysian rescue divers drowned in a f reak accident while searching for a boy who had gone missing in a pool at an abandoned mine around Puchong. There was water movement at the pool which damged their diving equipments. Boy was found at another location later after the incident
chapter 2
38
chapter 2 39
chapter 2
https: //www.straitstimes.com/asia/se-asia/teens-bodyfound-in-mining-pool-6-divers-drown-looking-for-him
chapter 2 40
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chapter 2
Overview of Idea / chapter 2
Based on the site context and some insight from the locals point of view, i feel that a Museum could fit to the site context due to the existing usage of the dredge being a tourist spot while sharing its story. The peaceful and calm ambience of the surround were reminiscent of the locals childhood
41
The idea is to maintain the existing function of the dredge, and provide something for the people to remember and appreciate the history. Taking them through an experiencing journey
chapter 2
chapter 2
Programs and activities / 6 February 2020
chapter 2
42
a visualisation of tin mining industry transformation
chapter 2 43
chapter 2
reprinting, rewind /
chapter 2
re-publication of material that has already been previously published
chapter 2
44
The tin mining history was written long ago, a museum is a place where history can be preserverd. We are actually using the information f rom the past and “reprinting� what was already been there.
interacting, experiencing / kind of action that occurs as two or more objects chapter 2 45
chapter 2
Machines f rom the tin dredge could be reused as part of an interaction for visitors to experience. Spaces f rom the dredge could also be converted into a new experience.
Design strategies / chapter 2
information for design strategies
The site is surrounded by nature which i think played a big role in the evolution of tin mining industry. Nature was one of the main source needed for tin mining equipments, shelter and even strctures. Therefore, i feel that we can reconnect the people with nature through architecture
chapter 2
46
There are many empty land around the site which could be used for future development without detroying the nature
chapter 2
Shaded region is the area i feel suitable for my proposal due to it being surrounded by nature with a large space of empty land. It is closest to the Dredge (TT5), and have a good view f rom the main road
47
chapter 2
There are 3 different parts being divided, which includes the start of the journey, the interactive part and the end of the journey at the lake
Design strategies / chapter 2
information for design strategies
48
chapter 2
Creating a journey that connects the nature around the site and the people, with the use of architecture. A journey that allows people to see and underestand the history while also being able to experience a different type of environment throughout the journey.
The topography underneath the dredge is used as part of my space planning guideline. The space is to show people the damage that was done underneath. From my space planning diagram, it can be seen that the direction of the spaces follows the topography of the ground.
chapter 2 50
chapter 2
chapter 2
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chapter 2
chapter 3 chapter 3
52
P3
The Journey /
15
march
a proposed museum walking through a journey
2020
chapter 3
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53
chapter 3
chapter 3 56
Beginning of
chapter 3
chapter 3 57
a journey.....
chapter 3
Masterplan SCALE 1 : 1500
X
Ground floor plan (Overall) NTS
X
Ground floor plan (Entrance) 0
5
SCALE BAR 1 : 250
10
15
20
Ground floor plan (Journey) 0
5
10
15
20
SCALE BAR 1 : 250
section /
Ground floor plan (End Journey) 0
5
10
15
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SCALE BAR 1 : 250
Basement 1 floor plan 0
5
SCALE BAR 1 : 250
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15
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Basement 2 floor plan 0
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SCALE BAR 1 : 250
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West elevation 0
5
SCALE BAR 1 : 250
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South elevation 0
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SCALE BAR 1 : 250
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Site Section 0
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SCALE BAR 1 : 200
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Section X-X (Entrance) 0
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SCALE BAR 1 : 250
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Section X-X (Basement) 0
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SCALE BAR 1 : 250
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Detail drawing / NTS
Lighting / Natural lighting / experiencing gallery plan
light resources f rom natural sunlight and a
Calc light
= Total f = 847m = 84.7m
Com Op 3910%
ceiling plan
section
The space tin minin be used f
Thermal zoning /
Sunp
Propose
artif icial lighting
culation for natural ting required
floor area x 10% m^2 x 10% m^2
Natural lighting provided = Area per opening x Total number of opening = 1m^2 x 390 = 390m^2 > (84.7m^2)
mply penings provided comply to UBBL 1984, clause - natural lighting minimum requirement of % for daylighting.
n perspective
e is intentionally designed to be exposed to natural sunlight to provide an experience of the ng. Openings with glazed glass are installed together with the waffle slab. The waffle slab can for other services such as pipings and lightings.
path natural daylighting /
Artif icia
calculation
Dimensio
Total floor
Type of lig
Number o
Lumen of
Height of
Height of
Height be plane, Hm
Room ind
Assumpti
Utillizatio
Assumpti Standard
Number o
Spacing b
Sectional Perspective
Entrance
Journey
End of Journey
Experiencing Gallery
Airwell
It is good to have an e but it is the journey th
end to journey toward, hat matters, in the end. – Ernest Hemingway