The Hemingfield Colliery project by Chun Yin Lin

H e m i n g fi e l d C o l l i e r y P r o j e c t

STRATEGY DOCUMENT SECURING A FUTURE FOR THE HEMINGFIELD COLLIERY LIVE TS PROJEC

H e m i n g fi e l d C o l l i e r y P r o j e c t

STRATEGY DOCUMENT ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS FOR STEVE, GLEN AND CHRISTINE SECURING A FUTURE FOR THE THANK YOU FOR YOU ENCOURAGEMENT AND ENTHUSIASM HEMINGFIELD COLLIERY WITH THANKS TO JOHN-PAUL WALKER FOR YOUR GUIDANCE

LIVE TS PROJEC

CREDITS

This report has been produced for the ‘Friends of Hemingfield Colliery group’ as part of the University of Sheffield School of Architecture ‘Live Projects’. DESIGN TEAM Chun-Yin Lin Connor Cunningham David Gibson Ilan Bitteran Itzcovich Jade Owens Mark Cranfield Mohd Iqbal Hashim Olivia Radford Russell Hunnybun Rhys Schofield Ross Jordan Sam Diston Zain Nur Naim Jalaluddin Mentor: John-Paul Walker

Live Project “Hemingfield Colliery Project”, Sheffield School of Architecture, The University of Sheffield, Arts Tower, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK www.shef.ac.uk/architecture www.thehemingfieldcolliery.wordpress.com November 2014

CONTENTS

Foreword

Location Context The Design Team Brief Stakeholders The Client

Section 1 - Understanding Hemingfield Colliery Introduction Mapping Historical Timeline Dearne Valley then and now Historical Analysis Elsecar Colleries Hemingfield Colliery and the mining disaster Underground workings Site introduction Site structures Site plan The fan house The winding house The headgear Historical items on site Materials Material Defects Precedents

4 6 8 9 10 11

15 16 18 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35

Section 2 - Community Engagent Timeline Initial site visit & historical tour Meeting the clients Initial surveys & findings Initial discussions Postcards Site clearance weekend Main community event - history The game Views and Opinions Site model â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;What if?â&#x20AC;&#x2122;

Section 3 - Our Proposals Introduction Methodology - phasing diagram Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3 Phase 4 Building 1 - The Fan House Building 2 - The Winding House The wider context

44 46 47 48 50 51 52 53 54 55 58 59

64 65 66 68 70 72 75 85 93

Section 4 - Immediate Actions Illuminating the headgear Online presence Raising awareness

102 104 106

LOCATION

Barnsley

Sheffield

South Yorkshire

Doncaster

Rotherham

Hemingfield, South Yorkshire

CONTEXT

ELSECAR HERITAGE CENTRE & HERITAGE RAILWAY STATION

PROPOSED CORTONWOOD MINING MEMORIAL SITE THE HEMINGFIELD COLLIERY SITE

THE DESIGN TEAM A strategy to help manage the future of The Hemingfield Colliery site located in the village of Hemingfield, Barnsley.

IQBAL MACR

CHUN-YIN MAAD

RUSSELL Y5 MArch H+S/CDM

OLIVIA Y6 MArch Finance

JADE Y6 MArch SAM Y5 MArch

ZA’IN MACR

DAVE Y5 MArch Client Liaison RHYS Y6 MArch

MARK Y5 MArch

ROSS Y6 MArch

ILAN MACR

CONNOR Y6 MArch

BRIEF

AIMS: Provide a framework from which to develop an informed strategic plan for the long term development of the site. Develop a phased masterplan for the Hemingfield Colliery site including possible options for the refurbishment and renovation of the buildings, associated headgear and industrial equipment.

ASPIRATIONS FOR THE PROJECT:

Provide a financially sustainable proposal that is resilient to change in order to safeguard the future of the colliery.

To prepare a creative, versatile masterplan which informs of a new destination for locals and new visitors.

The scheme should aim to educate and inform visitors of the siteâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s significant historical heritage without turning the Colliery into a traditional museum. The scheme should be sympathetic to the existing site but progressive in its design and aspirations.

To appreciate the historical significance of the site whilst embracing and defining future principles of Hemingfield and Elsecar.

AIMS FOR THE WIDER AREA:

To integrate the project into Elsecar Heritage Centre, taking on board the initiatives of the Dearne Valley Landscape Partnership i.e, to protect, preserve and enhance.

To develop a masterplan that connects the site to the Elsecar Heritage Railway, the canal basin and the Trans Pennine Trail as well as other public bridle ways and footpath networks.

Creating an environmentally sensitive enterprise which practices and promotes sustainable living; striving for energy independence. This could include food or energy production incorporated on site.

New bus links to Elsecar and Brampton could be implemented along with national rail links to nearby Sheffield, Doncaster and Leeds. The proposal should be developed in conjunction with the Dearne Valley Landscape partnership scheme.

To reinvigorate the local community socially and economically through employment, education and culture. To provide a platform which enhances public awareness of the project.

DELIVERABLES: Produce a strategy for the future development of Hemingfield Colliery based on our research and community engagement. Present a feasibility study which explores design options for the site and surrounding context directly informed by the strategy. Primary Research Areas: Historical and sociological research Community engagement Precedent studies

STAKEHOLDERS 01

PROJECT STAKEHOLDERS

le rofi gp n i ais

rough events ent th gem nga e &

Schools

Residents

Steve Grudgings

CO LL IER

Local Community

Businesses

Chair of Directors

Christine Cameron

cleare d site

l ow

Matched Funding Scheme

kno wle

Professional Volunteers

knowledge

Live Projects SSoA

FRIENDS of HEMI NGF IEL D

Site Director

10 Acitve Volunteers

Elsecar Heritage Railway

Hemingfield Colliery Glen Sheppard

Site Director

ED M IM

Key investor

Elsecar Heritage Centre

IA TE

Barnsley Council

DVLP Dearne Valley Landscape Park

Railway Volunteers

DVLP Y ER PH RI PE

Heritage Lottery Fund

Richard King

John Tanner

Project Manager of Museums

Remaking Barnsley Team

Barnsley Museum

Tourists

THE CLIENT ‘Friends of Hemingfield Colliery’ Group Directors ‘We want something contemporary for the future, whilst keeping a strand of the Colliery’s past. ’

GLEN SHEPPARD

Glen Sheppard is a Director of the Friends of Hemingfield Colliery Group. He owns a cottage across from the Colliery and as such is greatly invested in securing its future. Glen is an engineering enthusiast and therefore wants to showcase the Colliery’s rich history. He envisions the Colliery as a future hub for the community of Hemingfield and the surrounding areas.

CHRISTINE CAMERON

STEVE GRUDGINGS

Christine Cameron is a Director of the Friends of Hemingfield Group. She is a local Historian currently studying for a Masters in History. She has a passion for the personal life stories and is currently gathering memories and experiences about the site with a view to create an archive at the Colliery. She believes the site should embrace its past, but locate the site back to the present with a more contemporary use.

Steve Grudgings is the chair of the Hemingfield Colliery Friends group. He has a passion for industrial and mining heritage and would like to ensure the future of the Colliery is both sustainable and adds a new layer to its already rich history. He believes this could be both a Social Enterprise project as well as a commercial one.

SECTION 1 UNDERSTANDING HEMINGFIELD COLLIERY

INTRODUCTION In order to propose the future of Hemingfield Colliery it is important to understand the past and present. This section will look to analyse the site; its context and its history in order to provide a more considered proposal. The Colliery is part of a wider context; for this project to be successful it will have to fit within and if possible, improve upon it. Analysis of access routes, local amenities and the Collieryâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s position within other tourist and heritage sites will provide the knowledge needed to develop an appropriate response. The immediate site has many aspects to understand and each may be a factor in its development. This section describes the materials used on site and the condition of the existing buildings and industrial equipment. It will also look at the previous uses of the buildings. Understanding the history of the site is crucial in this project, the Colliery forms an important part of national mining heritage but also forms an important part of the industrial and social history of the area. The loss of mining has left a wound upon the landscape and the community, from which it is only just starting to recover. The Hemingfield Colliery project provides an opportunity to move on from this history, not forgetting it but remembering it and learning from it. Along with the history of the site, relevant example projects have also been included. These should provide inspiration and show the potential of the site. The precedents vary in their scope and each has been chosen to show different possibilities and approaches. Modelling and site visits were also important steps in understanding the site, the models at two different scales gave us a better perspective of the scale of the project and the three dimensional qualities of the site. Site visits also gave us a chance to experience the building first hand and also test ideas.

Playing Field

Location Sheffield Rotheram

Sheffield

Doncaster

2.0km Playing Field

Rotheram

Elsecar by-the-sea

Trans Pennine Trail

Hemingfield, Amenities South Yorkshire Education

2.0km

Transport

2.0km

Elsecar Reservoir

Historical Activities Site Buildings Water 2.0km North

0.05

0.10

0.15

0.20 km

Trans Trans Bus Route Pennine Trail Pennine Trail 227

Amenities Amenities Education Education

Elsecar Elsecar by-the-sea by-the-sea

Elsecar Elsecar Reservoir Reservoir

Transport Transport Historical Historical Activities Activities Site

Site

Trans Pennine Trail

Buildings Buildings Amenities Water Water Education

North

Elsecar by-the-sea

Elsecar Reservoir

Transport 0.15 0 Historical 0.05 0 0.10 0.050.15 0.100.20 km North Activities

0.20 km

Bus Route Bus Route 227 227

Site Buildings

Convenience Store

Motor Motor Services Services Convenience Former Store Cafe Holy Trinity Primary School Miners’ Hostel

Cricket & Fitzwilliam Fitzwilliam Social Club Arms Pub Arms Pub

Market Hotel

Old Bank House B&B Motor Services

Motor Services Elsecar Train Station

Elsecar Park Fitzwilliam Arms Pub 1.5km

Elsecar Heritage Centre

Convenience Convenience Store Store Motor Services

1.5km

0.05

0.10

0.15

Motor Services

Local Shop

Simonwood Colliery

Elseca Main Co

Elsecar Milton Motor Milton New Workshop Services Arms Pub Arms Pub Reform Reform Colliery Convenience Row Row Store Arts & Cricket & Cricket & Local CraftsTrinityHoly Trinity Cafe HolyCafe Social ClubSocial Club Ironworks Former Former Shop Primary School Miners’ HostelPrimary School Miners’Elsecar Hostel Convenience Heritage Railway Old Bank Old Bank Store House B&BHouse B&B 1.5km 1.0km Market Market Milton Hotel Hotel Arms Pub Reform Motor Local Local Row Motor Elsecar Park Elseca Services Shop Elsecar Elsecar Park Elsecar Ship Inn Services Shop Elsecar Ship Inn Cricket & Wentsworth Main Col Heritage Centre Main Colliery Holy Trinity Heritage Centre Cafe Former Social Club Primary SchoolWoodhouse Miners’ Hostel Canal Canal Old Bank SimonwoodSimonwood System System House B&B Colliery Colliery Elsecar Elsecar New New Workshop Workshop Market Colliery Colliery Hotel Arts & Arts & Local Crafts Local Crafts Motor Local Ironworks Shop Shop Elsecar Park IronworksElsecar Elsecar Services Shop Ship Inn Elsecar Elsecar Main Colliery Heritage Centre Heritage Railway Heritage Railway Canal System

Elsecar Workshop

Ironworks

New Colliery Local Shop

Elsecar Heritage Railway

Arts & Crafts

WentsworthWentsworth WoodhouseWoodhouse

0.20 km

Bus Route 227

Reform Row

Ship Inn Convenience Convenience Store Store Canal 1.0km 1.0km System

Water

North

Bus Route 66

1.0km Elsecar Milton Elsecar Arms Pub Train Station Train Station

Doncaster

Sheffield

Convenience Store Convenience Convenience Store Store HOYLAND

1.5km

Rotheram

Hemingfield, Hemingfield, South Yorkshire South Yorkshire Barnsley

Playing Field Bus Route 227, 66 & 72/72A

MILTON

MAPPING Barnsley Doncaster

Barnsley

Motor Services

Wentsworth Woodhouse

Simonwood Colliery

Bus Route 72/72A Playing Field HEMINGFIELD

Ellis CE Primary School Fiddlers Inn

Convenience Store

Local Shop

Elephant & Castle Restaurant 0.5km

0.25km

0.5km

1.0km

Tavern Pub

1.5km

1:500 Site plan Hemingfield Colliery

Motor Services

Trans Pennine Trail

ecar Colliery

Cortonwood Colliery

Supermarket

Fast Food

Commercial Shops

CORTONWOOD

Commercial Shops

HISTORICAL TIMELINE Elsecar Workshop Former 1600 Miners’ Hostel

Elsecar Workshop

Elsecar Heritage Centre

Former Wentsworth Hemingfield Miners’ Hostel Woodhouse Colliery 1750 Wentsworth Hemingfield Woodhouse Colliery

Elsecar Heritage Centre

Elsecar Elsecar Canal Former Elsecar Wentsworth Hemingfield System Heritage Railway Miners’ Hostel Workshop Main Colliery Woodhouse Colliery Canal Elsecar ELSECAR System O L DElsecar Heritage Railway COLLIERY 1782 Main Colliery

Elsecar by-the-sea The oldIronworks part of the house is built.

1734

Elsecar Reservoir

1772

1949

Polytechnic. 1988 Sheffield City Polytechnic gave up lease. 1989 The family trustee sold the house with the surrounding land. 1998 Placed back on market. Later bought by Clifford Newbold.

1750 Started by Richard Bingley. 1752 Taken over by the 2nd Marquis of Rockingham. 1757 Comprised of 8 pits located around Elsecar Green. The pits were sunk to depth of 15m to exploit the Barnsley Bed. The pits were worked using a horse grin (a horse powered winch). Collieries initial phase between 17501795. Employed around 9men. 1782 2nd Marquis of Rockingham died and his estates inherited by his grand cousin 4th Earl Fitzwilliam. 4th Earl Fitzwilliam expanded Elsecar Old Colliery added steam winding on 1976. 87 men and boys on employment 1848. 1848 Old Colliery renamed as Elsecar High Colliery which situated at the centre around Milton Foundy. 1888 Elsecar High Colliery closed in following exhaustion of the seam.

C Canal A N A L IronworksElsecar Reform Elsecar S Y S T E M Elsecar 1789 Heritage Centre Row Heritage Railway System 1773 Idea of a ‘canal’ proposed byMain the 2nd Colliery 1827 Reform Marquess of Rockingham. 1st Marquess of Rockingham introduce 1798 Elsecar branch opened. 1833 Row addition, Western Front. Fed by Elsecar Reservoir. The great Eastern Front was designed 1805 Fully operational including all New and built by Henry Flitcroft. Elsecar branches. 1850 The works on Western Front was Colliery ElsecarSimonwood 1830 The canal transported 181, 000 tons Reform Ironworks per year. finished.Reservoir 1851 Colliery Alteration toNew add a third floor was done by-the-sea 1961 The whole canal closed down including Row to the Eastern Front by 2nd Marquess Elsecar branch. Simonwood Colliery of Rockingham designed by John Carr. Leased to Lady Mabel College. Colliery Later merged with Sheffield City WENTWORTH WOODHOUSE

Elsecar 1600 by-the-sea 1725

1782

Elsecar Reservoir

New Colliery

Simonwood Colliery

Elsecar 1773 Workshop

Elsecar

T H E F O U R T H Heritage Centre F I T Z W I L L I A M

Former Miners’ Hostel

Wentsworth Hemingfield 1795 Woodhouse Colliery

Elsecar Heritage Railway

4th Earl Fitzwilliam inherited the 14,000 acres Wentworth estates. The estates consist of farm lands, woods and mines. Open theElsecar Elsecar branch canal to serve Ironworks his collieries. by-the-sea Acquired the ironwork in the Elsecar 1795 Village. 1800 4th Earl Fitzwilliam died. 5th Earl Fitzwilliam inherited the estates. New 1837 Elsecar Built the workshops to support the Colliery1853 mining industry. Reservoir Opened the Elsecar Branch Railway for his collieries and his own private use.

Canal System

Elsecar Main Colliery

Reform W O R K E R S ’ H O U S E Row

Old Row were built miners’ cottage. Station Row were built as miner’s cottage; designed by John Carr. Reform Row were built as miner’s cottage. MinersSimonwood Lodging House were built to house single men employed in the pits. Colliery Designed by John Carr.

Elsecar Workshop

Former Miners’ Hostel

1795

Former ElsecarElsecar Elsecar Canal Miners’ Hostel Heritage Centre Workshop System Heritage Railway

Elsecar Reservoir

Wentsworth Hemingfield Elsecar Woodhouse Colliery Main Colliery

Reform Elsecar Row Heritage Railway

1795 1795 Ironworks with one furnace opened in Elsecar Village. Located on a land leased by the New Wentworth estate at the head Elsecar of the Colliery Elsecar branch canal. Simonwood Reservoir1800 Produce pig irons, cast iron products. Colliery 1827 Second furnace started operating. John and William Darwin & Co., the owner, went bankrupt. Fitzwilliam took over the ironwork. 1851 Rival with the Milton Ironworks. Greater connectivity with the industry with the opening of the railway system. 1884 Production at the second furnace stopped. 1885 Production ceased, and machineries 1796 dismantled. 1823 1837

Elsecar by-the-sea

Wentsworth Hemingfield Woodhouse Colliery

1795

Elsecar Elsecar Ironworks ELSECAR by-the-sea Heritage I R OCentre NWORKS

Former Miners’ Hostel

Elsecar Workshop

Elsecar 1798 Main Elsecar New Colliery was sunk by Earl Colliery

Fitzwilliam in the area to the South of the existing Elsecar Workshop and the site is still marked by the colliery’s original Newcomen engine. The colliery was sunk to allow the Fitzwilliam’ to expand their coal production and exploit the new transport opportunities presented by the Elsecar branch of the Dearne & Dove Canal approval in 1793 and reached Elsecar in 1799. Prior to completion of the canal; coal was either sold locally/shipped by cart to Kilnhurst on river Don The Colliery. Winding engines installed. 2nd pumping engine was added. Colliery was expanded. New shaft at Jump Pit was added. Renamed as Elsecar Mid Colliery with 121 men and the colliery was 1848 abandoned in the mid 1850’s.

Ironworks

New Colliery

Canal System

ELSECAR NEW COLLIERY

Reform Row

1798 Elsecar Heritage Centre

Elsecar by-the-sea

Elsecar Heritage Railway

ELSECAR RESERVOIR

Ironworks

Reservoir opened as the feeder of the Elsecar branch canal. Doubled as a recreational and leisure activities area for local.

Elsecar Reservoir

1840

Canal System

1848

Elsecar Main Colliery

Reform Row

Former Elsecar Wentsworth Hemingfield Miners’ Hostel Workshop New Woodhouse Former Elsecar Colliery Wentsworth 1840 Construction started. Hemingfield Simonwood Colliery H E M I N G F I E L D to support and improve the Miners’ Hostel Workshop1947 Operates Woodhouse CColliery OLLIERY management of local enterprises. Colliery 1980 Operation ceased. ELSECAR WORKSHOP

1988 Taken over by the National Coal Board. Bought over by the Barnsley Council for restoration works and as a tourist attraction.

Elsecar Heritage Centre

Simonwood Colliery

Elsecar by-the-sea

Elsecar Reservoir

1848 First significant coal was mined (1000 tonnes/day) extracted. Major difficulty was the penetration of water into the workings and dealing with the large amounts of firedamp present. Consisted of 2 shafts; a working shaft and a smaller diameter pumping shaft. 1852 Firedamp explosion inside the Hemingfield Colliery. 10 died, 4 injured. Resulted from a propped open ventilation door and the used of unguarded safety lamp. Verdict concluded that the deceased were ‘accidentally killed’. Recommended for a better ventilation system.

Elsecar Canal Elsecar Heritage Centre System Heritage Canal Railway Elsecar Elsecar System Heritage Railway Main Colliery Elsecar by-the-sea Ironworks Elsecar New Reservoir Colliery

Ironworks Reform Row

New Colliery Simonwood Colliery

Elsecar Main Colliery

Reform Row

Simonwood Colliery

Elsecar Workshop

1851

Former Miners’ Hostel

Elsecar Workshop

1853

1908

Elsecar 1920 Heritage Centre

Elsecar Reservoir Elsecar

Former Elsecar Wentsworth Former Canal Hemingfield Elsecar Hostel Miners’ Hostel Miners’ Workshop Woodhouse System Heritage Railway Colliery Elsecar R A I L W A Y S Y S T E M

1851 The single track Elsecar branch opened. From Mexbrough to to Elsecar via Cortonwood. Supports the mining industry. Has one track especially constructed for the Fitzwilliam’s private use. Reform Ironworks The private track runs with close proximity to the WentworthRow Woodhouse and has its own station at Elsecar. 1984 The line is closed with the closure of Cortonwood Colliery. New

Elsecar Elsecar by-the-sea Heritage Centre

Main Colliery

Elsecar ElsecarCanal Elsecar S I M ONWOOD Elsecar Heritage Centre System Heritage Heritage Railway C O L L I Railway ERY Main Colliery

by-the-sea Row

New Colliery

Canal System

1853 2 shafts replaced Elsecar Mid Colliery. Productions ceased as Elsecar Main constructed.

Simonwood Reform Colliery Ironworks Elsecar

Elsecar Reservoir

Wentsworth Hemingfield Woodhouse Colliery

Ironworks

Elsecar

E L S E C A R Reservoir P A R K

Colliery

by-the-sea

Elsecar Heritage Railway

Wentsworth Hemingfield Woodhouse Colliery

Canal System 1981

Elsecar Main Colliery

Wentsworth Hemingfield Woodhouse Colliery Elsecar by-the-sea

Elsecar Elsecar Workshop Heritage Centre

Former Miners’ Hostel

Elsecar Simonwood Reservoir Colliery

Ironworks

New Colliery

Elsecar Main Colliery

ELSECAR MAIN COLLIERY

1908 Sunk to Parkgate seam at 333m. 25 times bigger than our site. Peak production 1,000,000 tons/per year.

Reform Row

Simonwood Colliery

1920 Public park was envision due to tourist influx. 1930 Parcels of land were conveyed to the Hoyland and Nether Urban City Council. Two parks, top and bottom were created. 1950 Pitch and putt golf were created. Paddling pool was created.

Reform Row

M I N E R S ’ S T R I K E were averted after UK New 1981 Strike government withdrew their plan to mines. Colliery close 23Simonwood 1984 The government revealed plan toColliery close 70 mines. Announced the closure of 23 mines including the Cortonwood Colliery; ‘The Final Straw’. Sparks the Miners Strike all over UK. 1985 Strike ended with the miners defeated, and returned to work. 1994 Coal industries were privatised to what now known as UK Coals.

DEARNE VALLEY THEN AND NOW Elsecar Park, 1910

Elsecar Park, 2014

Elsecar Village, 1919

Elsecar Village, 2014

Elsecar Canal Basin, 1903

Elscar Canal Basin, 2014

Corton Wood Colliery, 1908

Corton Wood Colliery, 2014

Elsecar Reservoir, 1910 Elsecar by-the-sea

Elsecar Reservoir, 2014

Elsecar New Colliery, 1850

Elsecar New Colliery, 2014

Elsecar Main Colliery, 1884

Elsecar Main Colliery, 2014

Hemingfield Colliery, 1984

Hemingfield Colliery, 2014

HISTORICAL ANALYSIS

Cortonwood Colliery Significant historically COLLIERIES

Hemingfield Colliery Memorial proposed New Elsecar Colliery Requires maintenance & refurbishment Winding Engine House Location of mining strikes Pithead & Headgear

SUPPORTING STRUCTURES

Mining disasters

Mining Industry

Pump House Inhabitated buildings Elsecar Branch Railway Supporting enterprises

TRANSPORTATION LINKS Elsecar Branch Canal

Mining in Elsecar

Public space Elsecar Workshop

OTHER STRUCTURES

Current tourist attraction Elsecar Ironworks Built by Earl Fitzwilliams

Elsecar Community

Elsecar Reservoir

RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES

Links to Heritage Centre Elsecar Park

MINERS FAMILIES EARL FITZWILLIAM

Strike e

ELSECAR COLLIERIES The Elsecar Collieries were a series of coal mines in and around Elsecar, a small village to the south of Barnsley in what is now South Yorkshire, but was traditionally in the West Riding of Yorkshire. The last operating mine was Elsecar Main. It closed in 1984, and with its closure, ended 230 years of mining in the village. In 1750, the first colliery was started by Richard Bingley but was taken over in 1752 by the 2nd Marquis of Rockingham, by 1757 it comprised of 8 pits located in and around Elsecar Green. The pits were sunk to a depth of 15 metres to exploit the Barnsley Bed. They were worked using a horse gin – a horse powered winch. In 1782, the 2nd Marquis of Rockingham died and his estates were inherited by his cousin, the 4th Earl Fitzwilliam. Fitzwilliam expanded Elsecar Old Colliery, adding steam winding engines in 1796. By 1848 the pit was employing eighty-seven men and boys, in the same year the colliery was renamed Elsecar High Colliery. The Elsecar New Colliery was sunk around 1795 by Earl Fitzwilliam in the area to the South of the existing Elsecar Workshops, it is marked by the colliery’s original Newcomen Engine. The colliery was sunk to expand coal production and to exploit the new transport opportunities presented by the Elsecar branch of the Dearne and Dove Canal which reached Elsecar by 1799. The colliery consisted of three 120ft deep shafts, two coal winding shafts and one pumping shaft. The steam winding engines were installed in 1796 and a second pumping engine was added in 1823 when the shafts were sunk further to reach the Parkgate Seam. The colliery was expanded further in 1837 with the addition of a new shaft which was known as the Jump pit. By 1848 when the colliery was renamed Elsecar Mid Colliery, 121 men and boys were employed. The colliery was abandoned in the mid 1850’s as the Simon Wood Colliery started production.

Elsecar New Colliery

HEMINGFIELD COLLIERY AND THE MINING DISASTER Work to sink the Elsecar Low Colliery (Hemingfield Colliery) started around 1840 but took several years to complete. The first significant coal was mined in 1848 when 1,000 tonnes a day was being extracted. The colliery consisted of two shafts; a working shaft and a smaller diameter pumping shaft for draining the colliery. The colliery suffered a significant accident on the 21st December 1852 when a firedamp explosion killed 10 miners and injured others. An inquiry into the insident found that the explosion had been caused by human error of the colliers, a ventilation door had been propped open which resulted in firedamp accumulating and some colliers using unguarded safety lamps. The Earl Fitzwilliamsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; Mine Superintendent, Benjamin Biram was criticized by the inquiry for absence of printed rules in the colliery, inadequate maintenance of the lamps and poor supervision of the workforce. However, the judge did praise the ventilation arrangements in the pit which prevented extensive loss of life; like those that accompanied explosions in other pits in the area.

UNDERGROUND WORKINGS Abdy, Kent’s, & Oaks Rock. Pennine Middle.

Coal Measures Formation.

Alluvioum.

Made, Worked & Infilled Ground.

Coal Seam Inferred.

Fault Inferred, Displacement Unknown.

Extracted Coal.

Mainly the Coal mining in the area of Hemingfield was done by the method call “Room and Pillar”. It consisted of digging out into the underground coal bed in a series of rooms except for a group of continuous and aligned pillars , these rooms can measure up to 400m x 100m. The map opposite shows geology data overlayed on to an ordinance survey map of the Hemingfield Colliery. The Hemingfield Colliery is highlighted as shown in yellow. Finally the Room and Pillars detailed in an archive document provided by the client is shown above the geology data. This archive plan is dated between 1850 and 1852. This map is not to be read as an accurate account but more of a theoretical approach. We do not have further information for the exact location and scale of the tunnels. The arrangement shown is based on the compass drawn on the original diagram and descriptions obtained by both the client and the research team. It is also based on the location of In filled ground from digimaps, matching almost to a perfect fit. Although there are some inconsistencies by placing the diagram on top of the geological map (without distortion), one of the most notable coincidences is that the tunnels follow and also avoid natural faults according to the information found in ordinance survey records. This is likely to have been to avoid water ingress from natural faults. Today the remaining tunnels are all probably flooded. For further information regarding the use of the underground spaces for development at Hemingfield, we highly recommend further profesional analysis. The information attached is merely for illustration purposes and is not intended to be for design or exploration use.

Hemingfield Colliery & Basin.

SITE INTRODUCTION Canal Basin

Engine House Building 3 Elsecar Heritage Railway

Headgear B

Winding House Building 2

Fan House Building 1 Headgear A

Wath Road, B6097

Minersâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; cottages

SITE STRUCTURES Fan House (Building 1)

Winding House (Building 2)

Engine House (Building 3)

Headgear A

Headgear B

Fan House (Building 1)

Wath Road B6097

Minersâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; Cottages

01 01

Access & Routes

0.0m

Dearne & Dove Canal (disused)

SITE PLAN

0.0m Dearne & Dove Canal (disused)

0.0m

Canal Basin 1.0m Canal Basin 1.0m 2.0m

2.0m

1.0m

1.0m 2.0m 3.5m

2.0m 10.3m

5.0m

7.5m

9.3m

3.5m 10.3m

7.5m

4.5m Site

Site

4.5m

Building 01 - Fan house

Building 02 - Winding engine house

Concrete headgear A Building 01 A. - Fan house

Concrete headgear B Building 02 B. - Winding engine house

Concrete headgear ASite entrance

Concrete headgear BFootpath

Footpath

Existing walls

Fence

Bus stop

Existing walls

Bus route b

Bus stop

Elsecar Heritage Centre railway

Bus route b

Trans Pennine Trail

10.3m

Elsecar Heritage Centre railway 0

20m

12.3m

28 North

10.3m

7.5m

Wath Road

Site entrance

10.3m

7.5m

5.0m 9.3m 9.3m

9.3m 9.0m

Fence

Trans Pennine Trail North

20m

12.3m

9.0m

THE FAN HOUSE Constructed on the boundary of the site, this building poses some interesting archaeological questions. Originally the location of the collieryâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s innovation fan ventilation system, the structure has been rebuilt and extended several times throughout its life. Below the current concrete floor runs a series of older tunnels which connect with the â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;upperâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; mineshaft. These tunnels are thought to have been part of the intricate ventilation strategy used on site to help remove dangerous gases from below ground. It is still unclear exactly how this system worked, in particular how it was housed. Within the underground chambers large foundations suggest a building would have once surrounded the main fan, however this goes against the traditional design for such structures. The brick structure was constructed at a later stage on top of the historic ventilation tunnels. In the process of construction the floor level was altered slightly as can be seen in the underground tunnels. During the 20th century this building was used and extended to house the controls for the electrical pumping taking place on site. This building has since suffered from fire damage within recent years, but the walls are structurally sound.

THE WINDING HOUSE The only surviving original structure on site, this stone building was originally constructed as a winding house. The two storey building is located on the north-eastern part of the site, with an internal split level. The fabric of the building shows some damage, especially to the southeastern facade. This building was expanded several times throughout its lifetime, with a brick extension to the north-west which is a much later addition, possibly at the same time as the brick construction on the fan house plot. The building was expanded to house a second winding engine for the second headgear at the site. At present, the structure is abandoned, with almost all of the openings having been bricked up. The stonework of the south-east faĂ§ade has eroded significantly, especially nearer the ground. Most gutters and down pipes are either missing or damaged. Large parts of the buildingâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s roof have also been damaged/neglected and as such the building is no longer weather tight. Internally, there are two winding gears in poor condition, these were installed in the early 20th century when the site was converted to an electrical pumping station. Most of the original machinery was dismantled and sold off when the mine was closed. Internally, there are two winding gears in poor condition. These were installed in the early 20th century when the site was converted to an electrical pumping station. Most of the original machinery was dismantled and sold off when the mine was closed.

THE HEADGEAR There are at present two reinforced concrete head gear on site which were constructed in the 1930’s to replace a more traditional design. The ‘lower’ headgear, on the north-eastern corner of the site was constructed with a connection into the second stone building (now a private house) historically the winding house. Both structures show minimal external damage however some reinforcement bars have been exposed and as such are prone to spalling. This is a process where moisture ingress through the concrete rusting the steel, which then expands and cracks the concrete from the inside out. The metal railings/structures around the top of both head gears also show signs of rust.

HISTORICAL ITEMS ON SITE

Located between the fan and winding houses, the retaining wall was originally made from stonework. It is clear that the wall has been repaired several times with brickwork and concrete. The ground, when cleared from debris, shows remnants of groundwork, possibly from when the colliery was still in operation. A ramp also runs against the side of the wall, connecting the two levels together.

The boundary wall is perhaps the most continually repaired structure on site. It is clear that the debris of the fallen wall was only moved enough so that a new wall could be erected. Although the current wall was constructed with bricks, it has some very interesting character, including the integration of timber columns built within.

Two large metal tanks sit on the lower level of the site, close to the shaft access. It is believed these tanks formed part of the ventilation system. It is important to investigate the purpose of thiese items further, using the help of specialist researchers, as they appear to be quite unique.

MATERIALS Most substantial colliery buildings by the early 19th century were built of dressed local sandstone and were monumental in design, becoming increasingly so as the century passed. The 19th century was a boom time for the British stone industry, with thousands of new quarries opening across the country to supply the ever-growing urban centres, factories and houses. 19th century buildings are therefore more likely to contain stone from outside the local area, often supplied by the much larger scale quarrying operations that developed in Derbyshire, Yorkshire or Lancashire. Red brick is a versatile material. Many 19th and early 20th century warehouses and ancillary industrial buildings were built of brick. Brick construction had superseded timber frame by the beginning of the 18th century. The striking colour variations and mellow textural qualities of 18th and early 19th century bricks have great aesthetic appeal. Brick lends itself to particular forms of construction and ornament hence, projecting brick decoration (such as dentil eaves cornices) feature on many local buildings, and cambered arches are used for window and door-heads. A protective and decorative coating of lime wash was not uncommon. Reinforced concrete headgears can withstand the effects of fire and vibration to a much greater extent than structures made of the foregoing materials.

MATERIAL DEFECTS Frost Bricks vary greatly in their ability to withstand frost. Porous bricks are more easily penetrated by water and consequently have much poorer frost resistance than denser ones. Frost damage results as the water expands within the brick when it freezes. Where such damage occurs it will often be necessary to replace the affected bricks. Salts Salts are a major cause of deterioration. Salt can enter bricks through contaminated water ingress. In winter, the nearby application of road salt is a constant threat. Salt is damaging because it creates a steady expansion of crystals within the bricks. This can eventually force the structure of the brick apart. The source of salt can occur from within the bricks themselves or from the application of contaminated mortars or renders. Original Construction Defects Sometimes the brick work was poorly constructed, defects which become inherent in the original construction can lead to later problems. Typical defects of this type are: a) Poor bonding between walls or into existing masonry where a brick addition has been executed. b) Poor quality bricks utilised (this is a particular problem with later mass produced bricks and those manufactured from colliery shale) c) Frogâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; turned upside down to reduce mortar requirements.

Rising damp from subsurface moisture 34

Fire damaged sustained in the pumping station

As with all elements of a traditional building, brickwork will deteriorate and decay if not properly maintained. Such deterioration can be caused by a number of factors and can take various forms. The main signs that brickwork is suffering are: a) Surface growth and staining b) Efflorescence (white powdery residue building up on the wall face) c) Soft, loose or crumbling mortar d) Spalling (deterioration of the surface of bricks) e) Loose bricks becoming dislodged f ) Cracks appearing through the bricks or mortar Water Ingress One of the most common and serious problems which can affect brickwork is uncontrolled water ingress. This can be a particular problem on exposed areas of a building, such as upper floors, chimney stacks and in the vicinity of leaking rain water pipes. Although a brick building may appear sound when viewed from ground level this may not be the case higher up on the wall face. Other areas at particular risk are parapets, areas surrounding down pipes and quoins (brickwork on the corner of a building). Once water has begun to penetrate brickwork it can quickly spread to affect a large area.

Salts are a major cause of deterioration

PRECEDENT STUDY 1 - WOODHORN MUSEUM, NORTHUMBERLAND For more than 80 years Woodhorn was a working coal mine. Work to sink the first shaft began in 1894 and the first coal was brought to the surface in 1898. At its peak almost 2,000 men worked at the pit and 600,000 tons of coal was produced each year. Production stopped in 1981 but the shafts continued to be used for neighbouring Ashington Colliery until 1986. It began its life as a museum in 1989 and, following major redevelopment, reopened in October 2006. Today, the yellow Ashington brick buildings have a protected, listed status. The site is recognised as a Scheduled Ancient Monument and it is the best surviving example of a late 19th/early 20th century colliery in the North East tradition. The new Cutter building is striking. Inspired by monster coal cutting machines, and with the original colliery buildings, it tells the story of Northumberland through fascinating, emotive displays, miners’ paintings, an exciting changing exhibition programme and Northumberland’s amazing archival “treasures”. Following a £10,000 funding boost from SITA Trust, work has begun to bring the iconic winding gear at Woodhorn Museum back into full working order. Winding House no.2 was built between 1899 and 1900 and is the last Victorian engine house in Northumberland still to contain a working winder, which was used in deep mines to bring the coal to the surface, as well as to allow men to reach the pit face. However this marvellous piece of engineering is in need of a complete refurbishment to enable the general public the opportunity to see it in action, as part of the museum’s weekly programme of events for visitors. The grade II listed building has only previously been accessible via a guided tour. In a similar setup to the Elsecar Heritage Centre this site supports a wide range of temporary and regular events, but using the landscape and buildings in less conventional ways.

PRECEDENT 2 - BESTWOOD ENGINE HOUSE,NOTTINGHAMSHIRE Bestwood Country Park is now peaceful green parkland, but was until recently a sprawling industrial site. At its heart stood Bestwood Colliery, one of the busiest coal mines in Nottinghamshire. The Winding Engine House is the last remaining part of the vanished colliery, still housing a huge winding engine. Originally it was powered by steam, but today’s visitors see the massive engine moved by an electrical motor. The engine dates back to 1876, the heyday of Victorian industrial engineering. Bestwood Colliery was one of the most productive coal mines in Britain, known as a “big hitter”, and in its heyday employed over 2,000 miners. It closed in 1967. The only other remaining parts of the vast industrial site are the Headstocks and the Dynamo House, a former electrical substation. The restoration of the Winding Engine House was supported by funding from The Heritage Lottery Fund and the Greater Nottingham Partnership. Tours are free, and led by members of the Winding Engine House Volunteer Group, a local community group dedicated to the preservation of this wonderful piece of industrial heritage. What to see and do: - Children can dress up as miners with overalls and helmets, be ‘history hunters’, and enjoy the story of Oxo the pit pony. - The exhibition and period photographs of the site in the heyday of the Bestwood Coal and Iron Company, and a scale model of the former colliery and iron works in the Winding Engine House

PRECEDENT STUDY 3 - KELLIEâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;S CASTLE, BATU GAJAH, MALAYSIA The unfinished palatial mansion was originally built for William Kellie Smith, a civil engineer, businessman, rubber estate owner and tin dredging company owner. The mansion was built as a symbol of wealth and as a social gathering venue for the wealthy colonial planters and entrepreneurs. Like many of the buildings of importance during this period of time, the design of the mansion is in a Moorish architecture style which is especially evident in the arches on its facades and also in the materials used in the construction; brick and marble (imported from India). Having been abandoned since 1926, no construction work has been undertaken to complete the building. As such, this large palatial building has been left in a state of modern ruin, looking complete at a glance but far from complete upon closer inspection. The building has been left devoid of its 6 storey tower, indoor tennis court and temple. The building was subsequently purchased by the central government, under the care of the Ministry of Tourism. Under the same category as other local buildings in the Malacca heritage area, Kellieâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Castle was then converted to a museum to reflect and inform others about the Colonial era and the industries in the surrounding areas. Given the buildingâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s fame for being frozen in time, the conservation and regeneration took on a subtle approach so that the original abandoned state of the building was preserved. The regeneration of the building has been undertaken so that only several rooms, intended to be an exhibition rooms, were fitted with doors, windows and finishes. Other important work was carried out to make the building fit for public use, however, no work has been done to complete the castle to its original design. This building is an interesting precedent in the rejuvenation of a historic building through a minimal amount of work, repairing only the bare essentials to help celebrate the beauty of the ruined state.

PRECEDENT STUDY 4 - ZOLLVEREIN WORLD HERITAGE SITE, GERMANY The colliery and coking plant at Zollverein are iconic symbols of the industrial heritage in the Ruhr area of Germany. The Ruhr Museum is situated in the former coal washery of the Zollverein Coal Mine, Shaft XII. It considers itself as the memorial and display window of the Ruhr Metropolis. Hosting more than 6,000 exhibits, its permanent exhibition features the fascinating natural and cultural history of the Ruhr Area. The present, the pre-industrial memory and the regionâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s dramatic history in the industrial era are illustrated on three levels. In addition to the permanent exhibition, the Ruhr Museum regularly features special exhibitions, which may also focus on subjects not related to the Ruhr Area. This site has now been rejuvenated into a post-industrial landscaped park, cultural centre and spaces for creative industries. The re-use and exploration of a range of former industrial buildings of differing ages, ranging from mid 19th Century to late 20th Century, creates an engaging set of spaces at a variety of scales. Every year millions come to the site to experience the incorporation of the industrial architecture into landscape. This is supported by various events and festivals which relate to the industrial heritage. Although clearly on a much larger scale than the Hemingfield Colliery site, this project is an excellent precedent for possible redevelopment through the integration of the industrial buildings within the wider landscape.

PRECEDENT STUDY 5 - CORNISH MINING WORLD HERITAGE, ST JUST, UK St Just Mining District is part of the wider Cornish Mining World Heritage Site. The heritage site is particularly important as it was a key part of the mining industry within Cornwall during 19th and 20th centuries. Cornwall was internationally known for its mining industry, producing the vast majority of the worldâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s tin throughout the 19th century. A large influx of immigration resulted as miners flocked to the county, instigating the creating of new mines such as St Just United, Balleswidden, Boscean, Wheal Owles, Botallack, and Levant.

After the decline of productivity, the mining population of St. Just emigrated from the district thus leaving the mining structures abandoned for decades. Surviving structures at St. Just that were then being conserved for the district are: 1. Levant Mine & Cornish Beam Engine (under care of National Trust) 2. Geevor Mine (listed buildings) 3. Botallack Count House & Botallack Mine (under care of National Trust)

The geography of the districts made the industry famous for their clifftop engine house, and their methods of surface-mining and submarine mining; something that can be considered as a vernacular cultural and architectural interest to Cornwall as a whole.

The World Heritage Site covers a huge area of land, and with it many surviving mining structures. The current revealing strategy for the whole area is to have complementing attractions and activities for different sites. The strategy proves to be beneficial in a wider context as it means the inclusion of all the different sites creates an integration approach, minimizing competition between each mine site.

The key success for the conservation of the Cornish mining industry buildings as a whole is down to the integration/interconnected nature of the all of the sites across the county.

PRECEDENT STUDY 6 - JUBILEE COLLIERY The Jubilee Colliery was built in 1845 and closed in 1932. The site is one of the last few remaining examples of Oldham’s industrial mining heritage and is the most accessible one within the area. Since the colliery closed, nature has moved back into the site. Trees, ferns, mosses, fungi and flowers have colonised the colliery remains and rubble, in turn attracting local wildlife to the area. Its location, like Hemingfield Colliery is highly accessible and allows visitors to explore and share the story of Oldham’s industrial past. In recent years, The Groundwork Charitable Trust has used the site to carry out volunteer-based work, making it more usable and accessible for the public. ‘Jubilee Colliery: Unearthing the Past’ was a project that saw a group of volunteer heritage trainees help to create a local heritage legacy. The group worked with experts to rediscover the Jubilee Colliery and to inform others of their findings through community events and activities. The volunteers developed new skills and a greater understanding of their local heritage. The project was sponsored with Heritage Lottery funding through Groundwork Oldham and Rochdale to the value of £53,000. This is particularly relevant to the Hemingfield project, as community involvement was key to the project’s success. The remains of the Jubilee Colliery were nowhere near as well preserved as Hemingfield but it still managed to get funding for excavation and preservation all based on the importance of the site to the history of the area and the people that lived there.

REFERENCES St. Just Mining District http://www.cornish-mining.org.uk/areas-places-activities http://www.picturetheuk.com/uk-tourism/things-to-do/st-just-miningdistrict-cornwall-3907.html http://www.carnmetals.co.uk/mines.htm http://www.cornishmining.net/sites/stjust.htm http://www.cornish-mining.org.uk/areas-places-activities/st-just-miningdistrict St. Just, Penwith http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St_Just_in_Penwith Levant Mine and Beam http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levant_Mine_and_Beam_Engine Engine http://www.nationaltrust.org.uk/levant-mine/ http://www.cornish-mining.org.uk/areas-places-activities/levant-mineand-beam-engine http://www.nationaltrust.org.uk/levant-mine/history/ http://www.nationaltrust.org.uk/levant-mine/things-to-see-and-do/ Botallack Mine botallack/ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botallack_Mine http://www.bbc.co.uk/england/sevenwonders/southwest/botallack_ mine_mm/index.shtml http://www.cornish-mining.org.uk/areas-places-activities/botallackBotallack Counting House count-house http://www.cornwall-calling.co.uk/national-trust/botallack-count-house. htm http://www.nationaltrust.org.uk/article-1356403825884/ Botallack Mining Walk http://www.geevor.com/ Geevor Tin Mine Museum http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geevor_Tin_Mine Geevor Tin Mine http://www.visitcornwall.com/things-to-do/west-cornwall/lands-end/ penzance/geevor-tin-mine#.VFewJnkqV9A http://www.cornish-mining.org.uk/areas-places-activities/geevor-tinmine-underground-tour-available http://www.sandsfootcastle.org.uk/sample-page/ Sandsfoot Castle http://www.dezeen.com/2014/03/04/oak-walkway-levitate-sandsfootOak walkway by Levitate castle/ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chedworth_Roman_Villa Chedworth Roman Villa http://www.architecture.com/RIBA/Awards/RIBANationalAwards/ W i n n e r s 2 0 1 3 / S o u t h We s t We s s e x / C h e d w o r t h R o m a n V i l l a / ChedworthRomanVilla1.aspx http://www.inexhibit.com/case-studies/roman-villa-archaeological-sitechedworth/ http://www.archello.com/en/project/chedworth-roman-villa# http://fcbstudios.com/work/view/chedworth-roman-villa?sort=highlights http://europaconcorsi.com/projects/240781-Feilden-Clegg-BradleyStudios-Chedworth-Roman-Villa

Woodhorn museum https://www.facebook.com/pages/Woodhorn/356997311725?sk=timeli ne http://www.visitnorthumberland.com/ http://www.douk.com/things-to-do/northumberland/woodhornmuseum/ http://www.experiencewoodhorn.com/visit/ Crookes Valley Methodist http://s0.geograph.org.uk/geophotos/03/45/63/3456342_7d41b344.jpg Church http://www.bestwoodvillagewi.org.uk/steam-heritage-day---8Bestwood Engine House september-2013.html http://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/2431551 http://www.fbcp.org.uk/archive-photos-sorted-by-location--subject.html http://www.travel2malaysia.com.my/kellies-castle/ Kellie’’’s Castle http://www.tourism.gov.my/en/us/places/states-of-malaysia/perak/kelliescastle http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/ba/Kokerei_ Zollverein Zollverein_DSCF3047.jpg https://www.flickr.com/photos/hectorlo/12563046723/ http://www.creativelena.com/en/contact-elena-paschinger http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/975 Jubilee Colliery http://jubileecolliery.wordpress.com/about/

SECTION 2 COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT

TIME LINE

Community engagement event

Site excursion

Initial site visit & historical tour

Client meeting

Met with C Cameron & G Sheppard

Meeting external stakeholders

Met with C Cameron

Postcards back from pub, heritage centre & school

Site visit, surveying

Site clearance volunteering

Met with C Cameron

Met with S Grudgings

Met mining experts & friends of colliery

Met cycling experts & R King, DVLP

30/9/14

Week 1

Postcards to pub, heritage centre & school

Initial questionnaires

7/10/14

9/10/14

Week 2

15/10/14

16/10/14

Week 3

18/10/14

Halloween Heritage Railway event & illuminating the headgear

Main event at Elsecar Heritage Centre

Project presentation to SSOA

Site open day

Illuminating the headgear

Met with G Sheppard

Met with C Cameron

Met J Tanner, Barnsley Museums

Met friends of colliery & J Tanner

Met heritage railway

20/10/14

25/10/14

26/10/14

Week 4

Met with C Cameron & G Sheppard

31/10/14

29/10/14

Week 5

Site open day

Met with C Cameron, G Sheppard & S Grudgings

Other stakeholders inc friends of colliery

General public & friends of colliery

7/11/14

8/11/14

Week 6

INITIAL SITE VISIT & HISTORICAL TOUR The first visit to the site also encapsulated a walking historical tour, carried out by local historian/director of Friends of Hemingfield Colliery, Christine Cameron. This tour started at Elsecar railway station, taking in the Heritage Centre, the Newcomen Beam Engine (the oldest steam engine in itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s original position in the world), along the Trans Pennine Trail to the Simon Wood Colliery and on to Hemingfield Colliery. It was a very interesting day, and gave the whole team a lot of the historical context to the site. Once on site the team met local resident/another director of the Friends of Hemingfield Colliery, Glen Sheppard. Glen and Christine then gave the whole group a very informative and engaging tour of the site, explaining how the site had been developed over a 150 year period from a state of the art colliery in the 1840s to a pumping station in the 1920s. The site itself had some immediately obvious challenges, with access both into and around the site being high on the agenda. What was also very clear was the wealth of historical artefacts/industrial heritage still yet to be discovered on the site (especially underground). Although we acknowledged itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s importance we also understood that we could not begin to catalogue all of this within the short timeframe of our project. It was also understood from discussions with Christine and Glen that although the history of the site was important, they did not want to turn the site into a museum, as they acknowledged that this would be economically unsustainable.

MEETING THE CLIENTS During the initial site visit the team met with Christine Cameron and Glen Sheppard, both directors of the Friends of Hemingfield Colliery. Christineâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s expertise revolved around the history; specifically the people involved in this area throughout the industrial revolution. Glenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s background in construction and engineering, and closeness to site meant that he took an active role in the management of the site on a daily basis. The third director, Steve Grudgings was unable to attend, but would be met later in the process.

INITIAL SURVEY & FINDINGS As a first step in finding out more about the area, a survey was carried out to find out a bit more about the area and what people might be looking for. The main focus for the survey was to find what local people are interested in, as well as what facilities and attractions are popular in the area at the moment.

The Hemingfield Colliery Project Are you aware of/do you know where Hemingfield Colliery is located?

Yes

Maybe

Gender

Male

Female Age

0 to 10 31 to 40

11 to 15 41 to 50

16 to 21 51 to 60

21 to 30 60+

Where have you travelled from today?

Please specify

Do you live in the area, if so for how long have you lived here?

Less than 1 year

1 to 4 years

5 to 9 years

10 to 19 years

20 years +

What brings you here today?

Day out Shopping

Food Work

Walking/Sport Resident Other (please specify)

What/where are the typical places you visit in your town?

Shops

School

Pub

Station

Other (please specify)

What local attractions have you visited before?

Heritage Centre Heritage Railway Park/Reservoir Trans Pennine Trail Wentworth House RSPB Birdlife Reserve Other (please specify)

What possible facilities/activities do you feel this area is lacking, what would attract you back?

Community Centre Training/Education Centre Manufacturing Religious

Performance Space (Cinema/Theatre) Sports/Gym Facility Retail Restaurant/Pub Other (please specify)

University of Sheffield Live Projects Team #13 October 2014

INITIAL SURVEY FINDINGS CONTINUED What brings you to the Heritage Centre?

What are the typical places you visit in your town?

From looking at our research the vast majority of people we spoke to had lived in the area for at least 5 years. Given their length of residence we were surpised to find that approximately half the people we spoke to were unaware of the site or itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s history. When out and about the vast majority of the people we spoke to spent their time shopping in both Elsecar and the heritage centre. Something which came across as key from our findings was the desire for an arts/performance space such as a theatre or cinema. Wentworth Woodhouse is a very popular and significant local landmark and it is clear that any connections which can be made between there and the site would be very beneficial.

What local attractions have you visited before?

What would you like to see in your town?

INITIAL DISCUSSIONS The initial brief outlined the main aims of the immediate site as well as the wider area along with our aspirations of the colliery sites future. We also outlined our main deliverables, which would be handed over to the clients at the end of the project. It was agreed with all of the directors that engaging with the local community was a key part of the success of the project. As part of this we spoke directly with members of the Elsecar Heritage Railway, which runs along the North West boundary of the site. They were enthusiastic about any future development of the colliery and the potentional possibilities of how their railway and the mine could be connected. Both the railway and the colliery are keen to promote youth training and as such this is another potentional area of convergence.

POSTCARDS Initially the team sketched images of the colliery which were then composed into several postcards. The idea was to distribute the postcards in strategic places around Elsecar and the local area to engage members of the public with the site. They were distributed to a local school, pub and within the Elsecar heritage centre allowing for a diverse field of participation. This activity was used to generate awareness and by seeing the site as a blank canvas people were encouraged to draw or write their own ideas for possible future uses. Contributions were varied and included ideas such as; a police station, cafĂŠ, cinema, and more temporary attractions such as a ferries wheel and other fairground attractions. Using these postcards the team was able to create a range of initial sketch proposals of varying ambition and scale. Development of the more realistic suggestions which were highlighted by both the postcards and the questionnaires were then prepared for the main public event for further consultation and discussion.

SITE CLEARANCE WEEKEND Throughout the project the directors have relied heavily on the volunteers who make up the â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Friends of Hemingfield Collieryâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;. These volunteers come from a variety of different backgrounds, with most having an interest in the history of the site. Every fortnight volunteers are invited down to help clear up the site. This event is a great opportunity for the cross-fertilisation of ideas, knowledge and enthusiasm between all the friends of the colliery. On this particular occasion the main aim for the weekend was to begin clearing and sorting the very large pile of bricks running along the boundary wall of the site. Several mining archaeologists were also on site investigating the ventialtion network below the fan house building.

MAIN COMMUNITY EVENT - HISTORY The main public event was held at Elescar Heritage Centre. It was primarily used to draw attention to the site, to raise awareness within the community and spark discussion about possible re-use of Hemingfield Colliery with regards to public needs. The first station explained the historical context of the site and local area, highlighting the importance of the areaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s coal mining heritage with the help of a timeline of events, family tree of the Fitzwilliams, and links between other mines and further historical sites within the area. This station was very popular with the local community, and helped them to tie the history of our site into their wider knowledge of the Fitzwilliam family. The presentation also worked well in tying our project into wider industrial development and reminding people of their heritage.

THE GAME The game consisted of a map of the valley, with the Heritage Centre at one end and the site at the other. Contestants stood at the centre and aimed to throw a ball at the site. The purpose of this game was to help children interact with the site in a more fun and physical way. This game worked really well to help break the ice with people passing by, especially those with children. It also helped explain and raise awareness of the location of the site relative to the location of the event.

dingÂ theÂ area

WIDER CONTEXT MODEL The 1:5000 model showed the site location in a wider context and allowed the public to locate Hemmingfeild colliery in relation to existing local amenities. A Perspex layer above the laser etched map was a method used to allow the public to freely interact with the model, by placing tokens which show where they wish money to be invested and the existing aspects they value; using post-it notes to make suggestions about possible uses of the site and to draw links from the site to existing features in the local area.

VIEWS & OPINIONS Groups 1 - (Family group consisted of 1 child, mother & grandparents) ‘If a station is built next the Hemingfield site then it would be nice if there was a cafe so that the adults can enjoy a coffee and a playground to keep the kids occupied.’ ‘The site seems rich in history and it would be a shame if the building remained derelict and the history was lost. I think an interactive museum would be a good way of educating people about the techniques used in mining, whilst keeping them engaged and interested.’

‘I know that the road immediatley in front of the site (Wath Road) is an extremely busy and dangerous road with cars speeding past. Ways of reducing and slowing the traffic will need to be considered and developed.’ ‘As we live locally we would definitely want to walk to the site, perhaps along the canal as the route is really pleasant. It would be great if there was a decent pub or restaurant somewhere along the route so that we can all have a rest.’

VIEWS & OPINIONS Group 2 - Interview of a local retired miner ‘I grew up in Elsecar with both my brother and father working in the nearby mines, because of this I think it is vital that the site is developed and not allowed to fall further into disrepair.’ ‘I used to be able to buy high quality clothing at reasonable prices from a number of local shops but they have all gone now and I have to travel quite far to find anywhere of a good standard.’ ‘It’s not only clothes shops that have vanished, many other traditional craft shops that I remember as a kid have dissappeared. I want to see money being invested into developing local businesses and helping them to expand.’

‘Although there are quite a lot of pubs in the area it is really lacking a micro-brewery. The produce from a micro-brewery could be distributed to the neighbouring pubs and would not only keep money circulated around the local area but more importantly the community would be getting decent beer to drink.’ ‘The proposal to develop the Earl Fitzwilliam railway so that Cortonwood retail park is more connected to the Heritage Centre is interesting. The link would help improve connections between the two sites and it will hopefully bring more people into area.’

SITE MODEL The 1: 100 model shows the immediate Hemingfield Colliery site in a much larger scale, which gave the public more clarity of what the existing site currently looks like. It highlights both the logistical complications of the topography and the potential links to the existing infrastructure such as the canal basin, the Elsecar Heritage Railway, the road networks and the paths. This model sparked conversations and gave the participants further information on the scale of the future proposals within the â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;What If â&#x20AC;&#x2122; section.

â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;WHAT IF?â&#x20AC;&#x2122; This station comprised of a series of sketch proposal which had been formulated previously using the information gained from the postcards and questionnaires distributed within the local area. The sketches show a variety of possibilities for transforming the site, these ideas included; an archive, a cycle hire, an artist workshop, a cinema and a cafĂŠ, with links to the wider community through landscaping, access from the railway and the implementation of a railway station, links to further Fitzwilliam sites, coalmines and to the Trans Pennine trail. After discussions about the potentials of the site, the participants were asked to write down their own comments on post-it notes. People were encouraged to either acknowledge the merit of certain proposals or to suggest further alterative solutions.

Community Garden/Market Community Garden/Market

his scheme looks at eating a community arden with allotment paces as well as space for mporary events such as od markets.

Sculpture Park/ Artist Workshops

ARCHIVE AND LEARNING Archive/Education space By creating a flexible archive/education space within the historical buildings people can learn about the past whilst being inside it.

Steam train station

STATION AND ACCESS

By working with the Elsecar Heritage Railway would be opportunities to connect the site with the railway, the canal basin and the Trans Pennine Trail.

This idea involves local artists using on site workshops and then exhibiting their works around the immediate and wider area.

GALLERY & WORKSHOP

Cycle hire & repair hub

Viewing area

Outdoor Cinema

Through new connections with the Trans Pennine Trail and other local routes this scheme aims to create a hub for cycling within the local area.

The site sits on a large hill overlooking Hemingfield and the surrounding area. By opening up the view we could create a great look out point.

The site offers a unique space in which to watch your favourite movies, whilst being surrounded by some great industrial heritage.

CYCLE HIRE AND CAFE

SIGHT LINES AND VIEW POINTS

OUTDOOR CINEMA

PATHS AND WAYFINDING

Waypoints & access from the trail By connecting the site with the Trans Pennine Trail, and using sculptures and waypoints we aim to connect the site with the surrounding public.

ILLUMINATION AND AWARENESS

Lighting up the headgear Byilluminatingtheheadgear this creates a focal point in

SECTION 3 OUR PROPOSALS

INTRODUCTION Our proposals have been generated through an extended engagement process with the local community, stakeholders and the Friends of Hemingfield Colliery. The proposals have been based on the most popular and viable options as well as being a response to immediate problems and challenges presented by both the buildings and the site. These proposals are represented at a number of scales and can be implemented within a range of budgets and timeframes. Each proposal is accompanied by a precedent of a similar project, idea or concept applied successfully elsewhere. The consistent elements in all our proposals are the historic buildings of the Colliery itself. The ambition of the project is to protect and reanimate these buildings through a productive and sustainable model of occupation. We have outlined a number of treatments and ideas we believe will be necessary and beneficial to the buildings under all circumstances. This allows the Friends of Hemingfield Colliery the opportunity to develop a scheme for the future of the Colliery with a wider understanding of the available possibilities, and without the restriction of a strict and complex design program. These proposals are to be viewed as loose, strategic designs. Ideas and suggestions have been presented to show opportunities and principles we believe could be taken forward in later design stages. Our proposals are designed to be adaptable, they can be applied to a number of different building schemes and programmes.

Cost

High Cortonwood Train Station

METHODOLOGY - PHASING DIAGRAM

Development Temp. Statio

Building 02 Treatment Building 01 Treatment

Traffic Calming

Infrastructure & Access Site Lines

Small Medium

Low

Mineshaft Access

Digital Archive

Viewing Platform

Headgear Restoration

Lighting Headgear

Site events to promote schemes and raise awareness.

Time (years)

External schemes.

Stage

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0

High Cortonwood Train Station Development of Temp. Station Nature Corridor

Building 02 Treatment Building 01 Treatment

Traffic Calming

Infrastructure & Access Site Lines

Landscaping

Basic Utilities

Low

Temporary Train Station

Wayfinding Trail

Mineshaft Access

Digital Archive

Viewing Platform

Headgear Restoration

Apprenticeships Lighting Headgear

Large

Site events to promote schemes and raise awareness.

Time (years)

External schemes.

Stage

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0

Cost

Small

Medium

Wayfinding Trail

Apprenticeships

Large

PhasingÂ Diagram

Landscaping

Basic Utilities

Temporary Train Station

5.5

gram

emes

PHASE 1 Cost

Phase 1 concerns the early or immediate occupation of the site. It is designed to assist during building works while also opening the site to the public during ongoing construction. This acts to broaden awareness and engagement with the local community and visitors.

High

Specific proposals include:

Cortonwood Train Station

-Permanently lighting the headgears. -Installing basic utilities.

Develo Temp

-Establishing a site office.

01 02 Phasing Diagram Building -Temporary Treatment safe public pathways. Building 01 Treatment

Traffic Calming

-Refreshment areas for workers,Temporary volunteers and visitors.

Infrastructure & Access Site Lines

Landscaping

Basic Utilities

Low

-Traffic calming measures. Wayfinding

Trail

Viewing Platform

Train Station

-Information kiosks which display proposals andHigh plans for the future Digital development of the Colliery.

Headgear Restoration

Archive

Traffic Calming

0.5 2.5

Mineshaft Access

Cost

Lighting Headgear

0emes

Develo Temp

1.0 3.0

1.5 3.5

02 03

2.0 4.0

2.5 4.5

3.0 5.0

Small

3.5 5.5

4.0

03 04

Medium

4.5

5.0 Basic Utilities

Low Lighting Headgear

Large Site events to promote schemes and raise awareness.

Time (years)

External schemes.

Stage

0.5

Landscapin

gram

PHASE 4 Cost

High

Specific proposals include:

Cortonwood Train Station

-A permanent railway station on the site of the earlier temporary station.

Development of Temp. Station

01 02 Phasing Diagram Building -Wider landscaping alongside the canal and nature corridor including bird Treatment Building 01 Treatment

Traffic Calming Mineshaft Access Basic Utilities

Headgear Restoration

watching hides and artist’s installations.

Infrastructure & Access

Temporary

-Activities and facilities locatedTrain at theStation Canal Basin.

Site Lines Landscaping

Low

Wayfinding Trail

Mineshaft Access

Cost

High

Digital Archive

Viewing Platform

Headgear Restoration

Apprenticeships Lighting Headgear

4.5 Time (years) Stage

0 5.0

Traffic Calming

0.5 5.5

Develo Temp

-A viewing platform inside the mineshaft below the Upper Headgear, accessed via the terrace below Building 2.

Nature Corridor

mporary n Station

emes 4.0

Phase 4 shows the Colliery after 5 years, it envisages a well established building which attracts a healthy number of visitors. Action at the Colliery has wider impacts along the nature corridor and at the Canal Basin. The Friends of Hemingfield Colliery have learnt from certain temporary measures and decide on future permanent changes.

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

Small

3.5

4.0

Medium

4.5

5.0 Basic Utilities

Low Lighting Headgear

Large Site events to promote schemes and raise awareness.

Time (years)

External schemes.

Stage

0.5

Landscapin

BUILDING 1 - THE FAN HOUSE

TEMPORARY FLEXIBLE RAISED PLATFORMS

Observation Deck

Exploring the site

Event space

An early stage landscaping proposal; movable, temporary raised platforms can be implemented as the site is investigated, documented and developed. During early progressive stages of the siteâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s development the platforms could create a form of observation deck separating the visiting public from the potentially dangerous ground. This will also protect items and areas of heritage on the site from possible damage. As further explorations occur on site, and elements of particular interest are revealed, the platforms could be positioned into alternative arrangements; highlighting significant objects and excavations in the process. This also allows the public an opportunity to observe the archaeological investigations alongside the construction and development of the colliery. Once the onsite excavations are completed and the landscape made safe, the courtyard could be used to hold particular events, one example of this is an open air cinema. The temporary, raised platforms can be arranged to form tiered seating and a projection screen. Specialised film screenings for the local and wider community could be held at the site. The temporary raised platforms could alternatively be used for outdoor exhibition spaces, stage sets or simply areas for seating. The platforms will be constructed out of standardised, hardy and relatively inexpensive construction materials, such as: scaffolding equipment, pallets and standardised boards.

Precedent: Folly for a Flyover by Assemble 77

BUILDING 1 - CLEARANCE AND EXCAVATION

Building 1 is the old fan house which sits on the south east boundary of the site adjacent to the neighbouring road. The current building is made of two parts: a square brick built volume with high ceilings and a flat roof. The adjoining section possesses a nature of a pitched roof, yet was damaged due to a fire in previous years. The development of this building starts during the second phase. The key aspects of development during this phase include: -Initially clearing the building of existing debris and damaged construction whilst also documenting the historical elements of the building. This includes removing the existing truss frames that were damaged due to fire, the interventions should leave a shell that could be further developed. -During the early phases of the development a basic utilities could be installed alongside a small temporary car park and tea shop. These facilities would serve both workers on site and visitors who would like to witness the ongoing building and restoration works. -Any development would need to work with the constructionâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s existing character and material palette. Visitors will be able to explore the development of this building from a safe position, separated from building works by the temporary platforms which will wrap around the perimeter of the building.

Precedent: Ridleyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s, a temporary dining experience in Dalston by The Decorators and Atelier ChanChan. 79

BUILDING 1 - INITIAL CONSTRUCTION

To allow this building to become a functional and sustainable part of the collieryâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s evolution it must offer a fiscal advantage to the operation of the colliery. Assigning the building as a form of cafe and micro brewery will complement any other activities on site and offer a space of communication, relaxation and hospitality. The placement of a cafe and place for refreshment on the site was a repeated comment during engagement events and is a viable program for the building given the buildings location alongside the canal and trans pennine trail. These links to transport and leisure infrastructure alongside its picturesque location and backdrop should supply a steady supply of visitors and customers. To improve the feasibility of the building adjustments required include: -Reconstruct the side walls to allow a new roof construction to replace the destroyed existing roof. This roof would require new timber truss frames built to support any new loads of construction. A traditional welsh slate roof could be constructed restoring the building to its original appearance. Alongside a restored roof introducing a new flat roof could be installed above the extension to the south of the original fan house. A flat roof section would generate greater headroom in the front entrance. -The roof structure could have skylights inserted to illuminate the space and allow occupants to enjoy the internal spaces that will possess a sense openness, accentuated by an open truss structure of the roof . -Elements of historical significance could be left exposed and even presented as dominant features, whilst the new construction could become more subtle and express the character of the original building. -Filled in windows can be reinstated to provide sight lines internally and externally for the building -The new building will need to be fitted out with the necessary fixtures to provide for the use of a preliminary cafe that may initially have a lower quality of finish. As this building becomes a functional structure that has the ability to safely be occupied by the public the temporary platforms can be moved so their attention is less on building 1; this opens up the landscape around to preliminarily assess for landscaping Precedent: Chedworth Roman Villa by Feilden Clegg Bradley

Precedent: Oak Walkway at Sandsfoot Castle by Levitate 81

BUILDING 1 - EXTENSION AND OPERATION

The next stage of development for the Fan House will be a progression from the preliminary cafe, towards a permanent cafe and micro brewery fixture. Brewery tours and pub trails are a popular attraction in rural and urban areas all year round. The addition of a micro brewery will open the Colliery to a wider audience. The industrial context of the Colliery would compliment the light industrial brewery process and provide an interesting and authentic backdrop for visitors to enjoy. To increase the occupancy of the building whilst providing further connections to the site, a lightweight extension could be constructed to provide further seating. This addition to the building will also provide an increase in light to the internal spaces and add greater definition to the external courtyard space. Other facilities that the fan house must provide include toilets for the public. With the increased connection from building 1 to the rest of the site, the facilities will be able to support events such as cinema screenings, art exhibitions and heritage days. Additionally the surrounding landscape will be progressively developed to become a hospitable courtyard space. These external space can provide an extension of activity for the cafe and micro-brewery on more heavily occupied days. Sustainable technologies could be implemented within the cafe building. One example is the use of photovoltaic cells to retrieve electricity to supply both building 1 and the Colliery site. These could be positioned on the flat roof sections and south facing pitched roofs gaining as much exposure as possible. With the intensive archaeology and landscaping work there is an opportunity for a ground source heat pump to be installed which would provide assistance heating and cooling the cafe.

Precedent: Plymouth Bakery by HLM 83

BUILDING 2 - THE WINDING HOUSE

BUILDING 2 - RESTORATION AND ADAPTATION

Building 2 is the extant colliery building that features original winding engine machinery and other features of interest such as large supporting beams and infilled arched windows. The level of design in this building is beyond a simple utilitarian approach as suggested by corner brickwork detailing as well as arched doors and window openings. These factors contribute to the interesting character of the Winding House and provide a sense of authenticity. As such much of the design proposals detailed here enhances and restores these features to their previous prominence. These works include: -Cleaning and restoring in situ winding equipment. The machinery can then be lit and exposed from multiple angles encouraging a relationship between the visitors and the buildings previous use. -Opening blocked windows and doorways with the use of glazed doorways where possible. These alterations will fill the spaces with light and reconnect the building to the direct site through visual links and direct sight lines. -Original stonework will be repointed where appropriate and damaged stones replaced if necessary. -Inserting internal windows or study bay areas into the wall which separates the extant area of the winding house and the later addition. These bays will allow a level of privacy to be maintained in the separate rooms while creating a visual relationship between them. This can encourage a dual function and perhaps provide an opportunity for work and exhibition spaces to sit side by side. Theatre rehearsals, open studios and workshop uses could all benefit from this relationship. The window bays will also open views into the machinery from both rooms. -The repair and restoration of the buildingâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s roof; the replacement of damaged structural members and a new, secure slate roof will protect the structure of the building for future use. Roofing work will allow the addition of feature lighting and perhaps north facing roof lights. -All internal building works and proposals are flexible. Work and changes are suggested to deliver, enhance and protect the experience of this rich and intricate small building, and should be encouraged for any designed program or intended use. Uses which were encouraged from engagement Details of work required to the fabric of the Winding House

BUILDING 2 - RESTORATION AND ADAPTATION

events and research consist of; theatre and lecture spaces, workshops and artist spaces, an archive for the collieries in elsecar and hemingfield and use as a restaurant. All of these uses could be accommodated in the spaces described, with slight adjustments and alterations as required. - External areas could be cleared to allow for full access around the building and to create space for landscaped planting, seating and eating areas. These spaces can provide interesting views across the valley and back towards the buildings and headgears themselves as well as being quiet intimate spaces for reflection and relaxation. -The external space below the lower headgear could perhaps be used as a tiered outdoor theatre space. The headgear itself could be utilised as a lighting rig and prop for stage productions, incorporating the building into a future use as an integral and exciting element of future art productions.

Details of the Winding House after building works

Precedents (top to bottom): Castelvecchio, Verona by Carlo Scarpa Norwich Cathedral Refectory, Norwich by Hopkins Architects Stampalia Bridge, Venice by Carlo Scarpa

BUILDING 2 -ARCHIVE AND OPEN WORKSHOP

Archeological Dig

Assessing Object or Story

Writing report

Uploading to Online Archive

Viewing on Archive Touch Screens

DOCUMENTING THE SITE Christine Cameron from the Friends of Hemingfield Colliery Board of Directors is actively involved in researching the history of mining in this area of Yorkshire, specifically in Elsecar and Cortonwood. Her invested interest and expertise should be utilised throughout the design and building process. Initial work on site involves the clearance of debris and unwanted material as well as archaeological investigation into all areas of the site. A process of site preparation for building works can be combined with historical investigation; uncovering and clarifying the story of Hemingfield Colliery in the process. A record and archive of this process can be implemented early on, allowing. volunteers to highlight any interesting finds, passing these items on for documentation. Digital technology can then be used for quick submission of each object into an online database, making all information and findings available online instantly. This connects the ongoing historical work to the public through the internet in a similar manner to that seen in the Hemingfield Colliery project blog. This could generate wider interest and expertise for the project as well as establishing a â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;buzz of excitementâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; around the work completed by the team. Finally this documentation can become a part of interactive exhibits in the Colliery buildings, forming part of a permanent and physical archive experience. This exhibit would include physical artefacts uncovered on site as well as connected histories uncovered by Christine and others. The integral quality of this archive will be its connection to ongoing and future uses of the buildings at Hemingfield, it will provide the context from which future projects can gain inspiration and find groundings. This can be encouraged by a direct juxtaposition of the archive in the Winding House next to spaces used for contemporary projects.

IMPLEMENTATION OF A PHYSICAL ARCHIVE/ WORKSHOP The space reserved for the archive is, as stated earlier; flexible and open to alternative uses. In the two sketches opposite, the same space is occupied for either the archive or for an ‘artist in residence’ space. Much of the architecture is the same, however, circulation and movement of visitors on the site would differ. The archive would welcome visitors from an entrance at courtyard level. Inside an array of interactive and multimedia exhibits would combine with physical objects and items either found on site or loaned from the local collection at Barnsley Museum. The exhibits would describe the history of the colliery and place it within a contemporary context. This context would then be extended by views through feature bay windows towards current exhibition and theatre spaces where rehearsals, workshops, exhibitions and lectures may be taking place. These events would be nurtured in the local area, preferably in the Colliery itself. In doing so the projects would naturally take direct or indirect influence from the history, culture and nature of the site and could be seen as an extension of the archival exhibit. This relationship may be reversed if the space is to be used as a workshop or artist’s studio. The artist residing in the private smaller room would occupy the space for a number of days each week. Views into the studio will be available from the larger exhibition space through the same bay windows. These windows again create a dialogue between visitors, the artist and the heritage of the building. This relationship can be fostered by workshops and lectures given by the artist as part of a residency program.

Interactive Archive in the Winding House

Artist in Residence in the Winding House

THE WIDER CONTEXT

WIDER CONTEXT - PHASE 2

SITE LANDSCAPING The landscaping of the courtyard and areas directly adajacent to the Colliery buildings could draw on their industrial character. It would be possibly to retain qualities of the disused industrial complex as it stands while making the site accessible for users of the building. The site has nurtured a quiet, peaceful and natural character since its closure, similar to the wild condition of the now nature reserve at canal level. It would be a shame to lose the character and well considered planting and landscaping will be key to protecting the nature of the site while adapting it back to a productive use.

APPRENTICESHIPS Restoration work on the site could utilise apprenticeship schemes from the local area, teaching young, local community members vital construction skills, whilst enabling the development of the site. The apprenticeship schemes which could take place on site include: archaeological investigation roles, traditional masonry, carpentry, electrical and water works. An exchange will take place at the Colliery; young apprentices gain experience and education while the building is enhanced and protected. This is similar to the experience that occurred during the development of this document through ‘Live projects’ with Sheffield School of Architecture. The Hemingfield Colliery Board of Directors have established an attitude which involves teaching competent, skilled, young people, which they would like to see continue in the Colliery’s future.

TRAFFIC CALMING

Precedent

The Highline by Diller Scofidio + Renfro

Coal Mill, Prague by Atelier Hoffman

The Wath Road (B6097) adjacent to the site has been identified as a dangerous section of the road. With an increase in activity to the site, traffic calming measures will need to be implemented to ensure the site is safe to access for pedestrians and vehicles visiting the Colliery and using the Tingle Bridge railway crossing. Implemented measures could include; speed restrictions, speed bumps and chicanes. An application to the local council’s highways department will need to be submitted with a strong and persuasive case with supporting evidence to enforce these actions. Building work and site traffic can help establish short term measures. Demonstrating the advantages, and future benefits of these measures could influence a longer term change.

WIDER CONTEXT - PHASE 3

WAYFINDING AND SIGHT LINES The Colliery, despite being located close to the Trans Pennine Trail, is currently not directly accessible from it. We have outlined a simple pedestrian access route from the Trans Pennine Trail which uses the existing contours of the hill to navigate the height difference between the path and the Colliery. This initial suggestion is to be later revised when the Colliery is well established. The development of this pathway would coincide with the implementation of a wayfinding scheme, which outlines a path from Elsecar Heritage Centre to Hemingfield Colliery and vice versa. This wayfinding scheme would use a simple motif such as a miners helmet or headgear attached to a signpost. The motifs should be bright and easily identified in the natural environment of the canal basin, perhaps utilising the light on a mining helmet to illuminate the posts. Alongside the wayfinding posts, it is proposed new sightlines are carved through the trees of the nature corridor towards the headgear of the Colliery. Three points of interest have been chosen along the Trans Pennine Trail which would create dramatic views of the headgear though the overgrown trees of the trail. These views would establish Hemingfield Colliery as part of the landscape of the valley as well as advertising its presence and location to visitors previously unaware of its existence.

TEMPORARY STATION Elsecar Heritage Railway has a working steam train and station. There are plans for this station to be linked to nearby Cortonwood in the near future. As part of this development a stopping point is proposed along the rail line outside of Hemingfield Colliery this is a possibility due to a level crossing located further ahead on the track. This stopping point will provide the opportunity to experiment with a temporary station which would allow visitors to journey to the Colliery by train. A simple timber structure is envisaged, at first to navigate the height difference between train and floor level and to direct passengers towards the pedestrian access established by the path from the Trans Pennine Trail to the Colliery. This station, if successful could again be revised at a later date to allow disabled access from Elsecar Heritage Centre to Hemingfield Colliery negating the need to walk between the two landmarks. Precedent:

Precedent:

Yorkshire Sculpture Park, Wakefield

Blenheim Palace, Oxford Bowood House, Wiltshire 97

WIDER CONTEXT - PHASE 4

RAILWAY STATION A successful temporary station would demonstrate the need for a more permanent station and can be the basis for a further funding application. A larger permanent station would provide further benefits including improved disabled access, improved links to the canal basin itself and an improved design, which would occupy the site in a more interesting manner. This station would enhance visitor experience and can become a landmark in its own right.

BASIN INSTALLATIONS FOR THE NATURE CORRIDOR The canal basin and nature corridor which sit adjacent to the Colliery site express an exciting potential to extend the influence and presence of the building across a broader context. Improving the facilities along the corridor with the addition of bird observation hides and improved habitats for indigenous animals would encourage nature enthusiasts to the area. Establishing links to a new user base could allow these facilities to extend to the colliery, with the possibility of establishing a habitat for owls which already dwell in the old buildings. Alongside these developments, an arts focus in the main Colliery buildings could encompass areas such as the basin and canal as locations for site specific installations and artworks. A scheme by which an artist in residence occupies the Hemingfield Colliery space for a certain period of time, creating works which could then be integrated into the local environment. This would be an engaging and exciting experience for the community and would provide a sense of long term value from the Colliery to the local residents. The post industrial landscape of Barnsley is a very fertile ground for creative endeavour and a facility which encourages the study and exploration of the area, as well as giving something back to the location. This could be a highly valuable asset.

Precedent:

Loch Leven Bird Hides by Icosis

Floating platform, Kings Cross by the Finnish Institute 99

100

SECTION 4 IMMEDIATE ACTION

ILLUMINATING THE HEADGEAR Lighting up the headgear is an immediate action which spawned from a â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;What If â&#x20AC;&#x2122; proposal created for the main event. The illumination corresponded to an event at the Elescar heritage centre held by Elsecar Heritage Railway. The Railway was hosting a haunted train journey over the Halloween period which was very well attended by the local population. In this instance the Live projects team initiated this temporary but effective intervention to spark further interest in the site. The successful nature of the event showed it was possible to carry out an instant temporary attraction. Using only battery powered lights a feature was made of the concrete headgear structure; this could act as a future beacon for Hemingfield Colliery.

102

ILLUMINATING THE HEADGEAR

103

ONLINE PRESENCE The use of an online blog was a key tool throughout the project in keeping the client and other â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Friends of Hemingfield Collieryâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; up to date, the blog allowed us to advertise our progress through : - Site description & photos - Team introduction, explaining how and why we became involved in the project - A Project Diary, keeping clients and the community informed - Event Promotion, linking posters on the blog to social media - Access to an online survey The blog was updated daily, giving people an insight into the processes involved in the project.

104

BLOG STATISTICS GLOBAL REACH

As can be seen during the course of the 6 week project the blog gained a lot of momentum, averaging approximately 100 views per day in the final week. Visitors originated from across the world. The most popular pages on the blog were the home page (where visitors can see recent blog posts). along with the project diary pages from the various weeks. It was surprising how popular the site photos page was, but shows how interested people are in the existing site conditions. The blog was a great way to keep people informed about the project as it progressed and hopefully encouraged other people to get involved in the project in the longer term.

CUMULATIVE PAGE VIEWS

1600

CATEGORY POPULARITY

518

1400 1200 1000 800 600 147

153

162

119

117 55

k5 We e

k4 We e

k3 We e

k2 We e

k1 We e

stio nn

air

Qu e

tos

Week 6

Sit

Week 5

Week 4

Week 3

Week 2

Week 1

200

ati

Loc

400

105

RAISING AWARENESS As part of our ‘Awareness Pack’, we have produced a leaflet which explains the intentions of this project. It shows how our work contributes to the plans of the ‘Friends of Hemingfield Colliery’ and quite literally puts the site on the map, locating it on the Trans Pennine Trail. The leaflet is intended to be distributed at the Elsecar Heritage Centre.

106