Prepared by ÇİĞDEM CEYLAN and HER STUDENTS 2018, JUNE/ TURKEY
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SULTAN ABDULHAMIT HAN VOCATIONAL AND TECHNICAL ANATOLIAN HIGH SCHOOL ALTINOZU / HATAY /TURKEY
Our school is awarded with the E-Twinning project : “JUST ONE CLICK AWAY” In this magazine, we are going to introduce our city HATAY. I hope you love our city. Sweet Loves from TURKEY
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To TURKEY, from TURKEY
to HATAY
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Hatay is an inexhaustible treasure house of history and a centre of civilization. The evidence of the earliest settlement extends back as far as the Epipaleolithic Period (40.000- 9.000 BC) and can be seen in the caves found in Samandağ-Çevlik, Antakya-Şenköy and YayladağÜçağızlı. From 9000 BC onwards, Hatay was controlled successively by the Akkadians, the Hurrians, the Hittites, the Assyrians, the Persians, the Macedonians, the Romans, the Arabs, the Byzantines, the Seljuks, the Crusaders, the Mamluks, and the Ottomans.
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Antakya, known biblically as Antioch (Antiocheia) and more recently as Hatay, is the chief town of the frontier province of the very same name in southeastern Turkey. The province lies about 30 km from the Mediterranean in the alluvial plain of the Asi (the ancient Orontes) at the foot of Mount Habib Neccar (ancient Mons Silpius), and it is surrounded by large expanses of
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The climate conditions being conducive to productivity, the fertile Antakya region has been luring migrants to the region throughout history. The city was also famous as a center of artistic, scientific and commercial activities in the Hellenistic world, a few remnants of which still remain. Iron is still mined in this area and Hatay is an important transportation link between Syria and other parts of Turkey. The most convenient ports for suitable routes to Mediterranean from Mesopotamia are also located in this region. With its current faith tourism centers, ancient cities steeped in history and beautiful landscapes, the province of Hatay is off the beaten track, but a detour definitely worth its while.
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ANTAKYA
İSKENDERUN
KUMLU
YAYLADAĞI
ERZİN
DÖRTYOL
SAMANDAĞ
REYHANLI 8
Antakya, the biblical city of Antioch, lies on the banks of Asi River (Orontes) on a fertile plain surrounded by grand mountains. Once the capital of the Seleucid kings, it was renowned for its wealth and luxury. In the 7th century, Antioch was one of five patriarchal centres of the Christian church, the others being Rome, Alexandria, Jerusalem, and İstanbul (Constantinople). In Roman times, the city continued to thrive with commerce and culture. It featured prominently in early Christianity where the name "Christian" was first coined. A cave known today as the Grotto of St. Peter or Church of Saint Peter is believed to be where the Apostle Peter preached when he visited Antioch and is considered to be one of the earliest Christian houses of worship. This grotto-church, located on the Antakya- Reyhanlı road, is as sacred for the Christian world as the cities of Rome or Jerusalem and it is the only structure to have survived from the earliest period of Christianity when the new faith had begun to spread. In 1963, the papacy designated the site as a place of pilgrimage and also recognized it as the world’s first cathedral. Every year on June 29th, a special service is conducted at the Church of St. Peter that is attended by Christians and clergymen from all over the world. Besides this early church, Antakya is also home to a Catholic Church and a Greek Orthodox Church as well as a Museum of Archaeology (also known as the Mosaic Museum), which has the second richest collection of ancient mosaics in the world. Also to be found in Antakya are a number of historically important examples of architecture from the Ottoman Period, such as the Mosque of Habib-ün Neccar.
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Harbiye (Daphne), located 7 kilometr es fr om Antakya, is a popular excur sion and picnic area - a virtual paradise thick with greenery and blessed with abundant water. According to legend, this is the spot where Apollo caught sight of Daphne, a beautiful nymph, and fell in love with her. When he tried to approach her however,
she fled and Apollo began to pursue her. Realizing that there was no escape, she prayed to the Mother Earth, begging for her protection and she was transformed into a laurel tree just as Apollo reached her. Ever after, a crown of laurel leaves was used to award excellence in poetry and military prowess. Daphne’s tears are said to be still flowing over the waterfalls of Harbiye. The Turkish word for laurel is defne, whose origin of course is the nymph’s name. The essential oils of this tree are used in making the famous laurel soap (defne sabunu), which is completely natural and is highly recommended for healthfulness.
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Another ancient city in Hatay is Alexandretta (İskenderun). The foundations of this city were laid in 333 BC, after the victory of Alexander the Great, King of Macedonians, over the Persian King Darius III at Issos. It is a modern district, spreading out along the narrow shore of a gulf with the same name and resting against the foothills of the Amanos Mountains, which rise like a wall immediately behind it. This tourism centre, verdant and warm year round, is also a bustling commercial port.
Samandağ is an important seaport originally founded by the Seleucids in 310 BC as Seleucia Pieria, although there is evidence of Epipaleolithic Period settlement at Çevlik. In ancient times, it was the port (St Paul’s first voyage to Tarsus began here) for Antioch which was the capital city. The remains of a Doric-order temple can be seen.
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The Monastery of St. Simon, set on the highest peak of Samandağ is a 5th centur y r efuge for Stylites- a kind of anchorites living on top of pillars. Its founder St. Simon closed himself in a cell outside the city for three years after completing his religious studies in a monastery. Later, he climbed a mountain near the city and spent long years on top of a natural stone carved pillar. According to popular belief, the pillar grew taller with each sitting and reached a maximum height of 13 metres. As word of Simon’s patience, faith, and endurance spread through the Christian world, people suffering from illness or physical defect flocked here in the belief that he had the power to cure them. Located on the slopes of Mountain Musa in Samandağ District of Hatay, Vakıflı Village is mostly populated by Armenians and maintains good neighbourhood relations with the villages in its environs. The cultural diversity here adds more and more to the colourfulness of this region. The culinary speciality of Hatay is sumptuous prawns. Gourmets must try künefe, a hot dessert of sweetened shredded wheat filled with melted cheese, and humus, an appetizer of pureed chickpeas, garlic and paprika. You can buy good souvenirs like hand carved wooden tables and chairs and other objects of wood.
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During the Roman period, the town used to be a naval base. The ancient harbour was located at the mouth of the Asi River. During the Roman period, the town was a naval base. The ancient harbour was located at the mouth of the Asi River, which constantly threatened to fill the harbour up with alluvium from the mountains. To prevent this, the Tunnel of Titus (a covered channel measuring 1,330 metres long) was built in the 1st century AD by the Roman Emperor Vespasian. Carved into the limestone cliffs near the tunnel are twelve rock tombs that date back to Roman times, the largest and most famous of which is the one known as BeĹ&#x;ikli Cave.
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The St. Pierre Church is one of the main sightseeing attractions. It is located along the Antakya-Reyhanli road just 2 km from the city and near the Habib Neccar Mountain. It started as a natural cave and following many extensions it eventually turned into a church. St. Pierre (Saint Peter) was one of the 12 apostles of Christ and came to Antioch around 29-40 A.D. to spread Christianity. This church was the scene of the first religious gathering and the congregation took the name of Christianity for the first time. The church is known as the first Christian church.
The mosque is situated on the junction where KurtuluĹ&#x; Street meets KemalpaĹ&#x;a Street. It is named after an Antiochian who was the first to believe in the Disciples of Christ and also gave his life for the cause. The 4 metres deep Habib Neccar Tomb is in the Northeast corner of the mosque.The mosque standing today carries the features of the Ottoman period. It is surrounded by theology study rooms and the fountain in the courtyard dates back to the 19th century.
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The new museum is set to provide a brilliant modern canvas on which to display the dazzling collection, much of which has never been put on show before, due to a lack of room at the old museum. Among the museum's highlight pieces are the full-body mosaic of Oceanus & Thetis (2nd century) and the Buffet Mosaic (3rd century), with its depictions of dishes of chicken, fish and eggs. Thalassa & the Nude Fishermen shows children riding whales and dolphins, while the fabulous 3rd-century mosaics of Narcissus and Orpheus depict stories from mythology. Other mosaics in the collection have quirkier subjects: three of the museum's most famous are the happy hunchback with an oversized phallus; the black fisherman; and the mysterious portrayal of a raven, a scorpion, a dog and a pitchfork attacking an 'evil eye'. As well as the mosaics, the museum also showcases artefacts recovered from various mounds and tumuli (burial mounds) in the area, including a Hittite mound near Dörtyol, 16km north of İskenderun. Taking pride of place in the collection is the socalled Antakya Sarcophagus (Antakya Lahdı), an impossibly ornate tomb with an unfinished reclining figure on the lid.
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Considering the special place Turkish Cuisine holds amongst worldwide cuisine, Hatay Cuisine holds just as similar a place in Turkish Cuisine. Most dishes in Hatay Cuisine have similarities with not only its neighbouring provinces but also with the whole region from Aleppo to Inner Anatolia. Food and bread varieties made using common methods have formed the shared features of the region. However, the similarity stops there. Hatay Cuisine is usually very different with regard to ingredients, tastes and techniques in general. Some ingredients and dishes are not even found anywhere else but Hatay. Also, Hatay’s cold entrÊs and desserts are far greater in number and far tastier than most other provinces. Kebabs, home cooking and watery dishes play a big role in Hatay Cuisine and spices, hot and sour flavours are used to create delicious tastes. However, the spices and hot flavours never exceed appetizing levels and do not cause discomfort.
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A heavenly hot dessert with kadayif shreds and unsalted melting cheese.
ingredients
Syrup: 1 cup water 1 cup sugar Kunefe Kadayif: 150g shredded kadayif dough 100g butter 1 tbsp extra butter to brush the pan 100g unsalted melting cheese, chopped 1 tsp ground pistachio for topping
instructions
1. Start with preparing the syrup. Pour water and sugar in a pot and bring it to boil. 2. Reduce the heat to medium low and simmer for about 30 minutes until it gets a little thicker. Let it cool. 3. Preheat oven to 190C. 4. Cut shredded kadayif dough into small pieces. You can do it in a food processor too. 5. Melt butter and combine kadayif shreds with butter very well. 6. Brush the bottom of a 9 inch pan with 1tbsp butter. 7. Spread half of the shreds in the pan evenly. 8. Toss over chopped cheese evenly. 9. Finish it by spreading the remaining kadayif shreds on cheese and press on them with your palm. 10. Bake it for about 40 minutes, until golden. 11. Pour lukewarm syrup over it as soon as you take it out of oven. Let it absorb the syrup and serve immeidately while it’s still hot with ground pistachio on the top.
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With the onset of industrialization and urbanization, crafts based on textiles and embroidery gradually became obsolete in Hatay. Crafts which are still continued today in a small way are; silk weaving, wood carving, matting, stone masonry and laurel soap made from laurel oil. Wicker and reed weaving crafts in the Altınözü's Paslıkaya Village and Antakya's Sofular Village are found fascinating by tourists. In particular, wicker plates and trays have practically become Hatay’s symbol. It would be wise to buy some samples of these crafts.
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HATAY IS FAMOUS FOR OLIVE, OLIVE OIL, DAPHNE SOAP,
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Harbiye is suitable for canoeing and its districts offer a range of water sports including swimming, as well as yachting, camping and nature trekking. The summer months usually sees the local inhabitants moving up to their homes on the cooler plateaus to stay until the end of summer.
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The region owns a wealth of natural thermal sources. The Erzin Başlamiş Spas are in the başlamiş Village of Erzin. The water springs from a river, out of several sources in the rocks. The spring is used as a bathing and drinking source. The water’s temperature is 22°C. The water is good for liver, gall bladder and intestinal diseases. It is best drunk slowly at intervals. The Reyhan Spa (Turkish Baths) is 20 km from the town of Reyhanli along the Reyhanli – Kirikhan road. It is 64 km from Antakya and 69 km from Iskenderun. The spa water is located in a wooded area and springs from several sources collecting in the bath pool. Its temperature is 37°C. As the spa is located on the Syrian border there are many visitors from this country, too. The smell of sulphur can be sensed from a long way off. If the water is taken orally it is an effective treatment for liver, intestine and gall bladder diseases. When it is used for bathing it is good for rheumatism, gynaecological problems and respiratory diseases. There are two Turkish baths and an accommodation facility.
Erzin Başlamış Mineral Water can be found 5 km from Erzin in Başlamiş Village. It bubbles in a rocky area. It is good for liver, gall bladder and pancreas diseases. Its temperature is 14°C.
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Each year in Hatay’s cities of Iskenderun, Antakya and Dortyol Culture and Tourism Festivals are held. The independence of Hatay’s towns is also celebrated on certain dates. 01-05 July Iskenderun International Tourism and Culture Festival 09-23 July Antakya Festival 19 December Dörtyol Orange Festival Yayladağı Festival (Second Weekend of August) 23 July Independence of Hatay (1939) 08 January Independence of Erzin 09 January Independence of Dörtyol 29 June St.Pierre’s Day (for Catholics) 05 July 1938 Liberation of Hatay by Turkish Soldiers (Celebrations take place in Iskenderun.)
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Oy Gelin Kınan Kutlu Ola
Al Mendili Mendili
Altın Tasta Gül Kuruttum
Hatay/Antakya
Hatay/Antakya-
Hatay/Antakya-Sıdıka ŞerbetçiMuzaffer Sarısözen
Oy Gelin Kınan Kutl'ola İlahi Mübarek Ola Atladı Endi Eşiği Sofrada Kaldı Kaşığı Büyük Evin Yakışığı Oy Gelin Kınan Kutl'ola İlahi Mübarek Ola Çektim Atının Başını Çağırın Ağa Gardaşını Döksün Gözünden Yaşını Oy Gelin Kınan Kutl'ola
İlahi Mübarek Ola
Erkekler Karanfil Katar Oldu Hasretlik Yeter Oldu Nazlı Yarin Kokusu Burnumda Tüter Oldu Al Mendili Mendili Kız Sever Karanfili Kadınlar Mendil Bağlarım Yandan Seni Severim Candan İki Yerde Yar Olmaz Ya Benden Geç Ya Ondan Al Mendili Mendili Kız Sever Karanfili
Altın Tasta Gül Kuruttum (Aman Ali' m) Yâri Sinemde Uyuttum (Ali'm) Yâr Söyledi Ben Unuttum (Aman Al i'm)
Gönül Efendini Buldu (Ali'm) Saçı Leyla'ya Vuruldum Evlerinin Önü Nane (Aman Ali'm) Ben Kül Oldum Yane Yane (Ali'm) Ali'm Serhoş Ben Divane (Aman Ali 'm) Gönül Efendini Buldu (Ali'm) Saçı Leyla'ya Vuruldum
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