KISDP Final Report - popular document by CTS City Think Space

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FIG 2. THE SAFE AND JUST SPACE FOR HUMANITY

FIG 3. SOCIAL FOUNDATION

The stories for Kokstad within the safe and just space for humanity.

An assessment of the !social foundation" of Kokstad using the categories from the Oxfam model; each dimension is described as either critical, inadequate or adequate, according to the findings from the status quo report and feedback from the status quo workshop during May 2012. (adapted from Oxfam categories)

FINAL STRATEGY, DEVELOPMENT PLAN AND IMPLEMENTATION PLAN REPORT | NOVEMBER 2012

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FINAL STRATEGY, DEVELOPMENT PLAN AND IMPLEMENTATION PLAN REPORT | NOVEMBER 2012

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Household growth = 5.4%

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Economic growth = 3.0% p.a.

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Household growth = 2.0%

Economic growth 3.0%

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-YHURSPU W K\ OH Household growth = 2.0% Economic growth 3.0%

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Scenario 1 is a model of the 2011/2012 SDF, which, if the development parcels that are indicated are to be realised, assumes a very high household growth rate (5.4%), which would result in a population of approximately 110!000 in 25 years. This model assumes an economic growth rate of 3%, conventional land use and densities, and conventional infrastructure and technologies. In this scenario there would be a substantial increase in the urban areas of Kokstad (from 1,296ha to 4,979ha) and Franklin (from 47ha to 89ha).

Scenario 1 assumes a moderate population growth rate (2%), which would result in a population of approximately 55!000 in 25 years. This model assumes an economic growth rate of 3%, conventional land use and densities, and conventional infrastructure and technologies. It is assumed that new development occurs within the land parcels LGHQWLĂ&#x20AC;HG LQ WKH 6') DQG DOWKRXJK less extreme than in Scenario 0, there would still be a considerable increase in the urban areas of Kokstad (1,296ha to 2,367ha) and Franklin (47ha to 89ha).

Similarly to Scenario 1, Scenario 2 assumes a moderate population growth rate (2%), which would result in a population of approximately 55!000 in 25 years, and an economic growth rate of 3%. However, instead of business-asusual growth outside the urban edge as the population increases, this model tests the implications of "smart growth!, including higher than usual densities and complementary mixed-use development. In this scenario it is not necessary to develop outside the existing urban edge at all, the increase in population FDQ EH DFFRPPRGDWHG WKURXJK GHQVLĂ&#x20AC;FDWLRQ within the urban edge, so the urban areas of Kokstad and Franklin remain unchanged (1,296ha and 47ha respectively).

Similarly to Scenario 1 and 2, Scenario 3 assumes a moderate population growth rate (2%), which would result in a population of approximately 55!000 in 25 years, and an economic growth rate of 3%. Similarly to Scenario 2, this model assumes "smart growth!, whereby the increase in population can be DFFRPPRGDWHG WKURXJK GHQVLĂ&#x20AC;FDWLRQ ZLWKLQ WKH urban edge, so the urban areas of Kokstad and Franklin remain unchanged (1,296ha and 47ha respectively).

The characteristics of smart growth include KLJKHU GHQVLW\ FOXVWHUHG DFWLYLWLHV LQĂ&#x20AC;OO UDWKHU WKDQ JUHHQĂ&#x20AC;HOG GHYHORSPHQW PL[HG ODQG XVH human scaled blocks and buildings, multimodal transport and land use patterns that support walking, cycling and public transit, and emphasis on the public realm.

In addition, this scenario assumes the use of sustainable infrastructure and technologies at household and municipal scales of development. The sustainable technology PL[ FRQVLGHUHG LQ WKLV Ă&#x20AC;QDO VFHQDULR LQFOXGHV green technologies for new households and UHWURĂ&#x20AC;WWLQJ RI H[LVWLQJ KRXVHKROGV VRODU ZDWHU heaters, grey water recycling), small scale anaerobic digestion, institutional anaerobic digestion, a constructed wetland, treated HIĂ XHQW XVHG WR ZDWHU WKH JROI FRXUVH 359V in Shayamoya and leak repair programmes in Shayamoya.

FINAL STRATEGY, DEVELOPMENT PLAN AND IMPLEMENTATION PLAN REPORT | NOVEMBER 2012

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Capital expenditure required

Capex required is 17% lower than Scenario 1 and 39% lower than SDF scenario.

Compact development results in capital cost savings (on new infrastructure).

Current GKM requirement approximately equal to moderated capex budget but ten times Sisonke!s current allocation to GKM. Long term capital costs not affordable (especially to Sisonke).

Capex required is 26% lower than under SDF scenario and is affordable.

Total capex required over 10 years is lower than that under Scenario 1 but slightly higher in early years.

Operating result

Declining operating performance over time IURP VXUSOXV RI 5 PLOOLRQ WR GHÀFLW RI RYHU R15million.

Operating position improves over time – surplus position is sustained.

Economic growth cannot support the high level of household growth - Result is a slight downward drag on income distribution.

Economic growth is able to sustain the household growth.

Operating result is fractionally better than Scenario 1, but difference over 10 years is barely observable - some operating cost savings which will increase over time period beyond 10 years.

Financial impacts of many green tech options are uncertain but savings in operating costs result (but may also result LQ VRPH ORVW UHYHQXH YHU\ GLIÀFXOW WR model.

Increases affordability / cost savings for households that are not captured in the MSFM.

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Funding mix

Declining operating performance means declining ability to generate internal funds, and growing need for external funding, borrowing unlikely thus = FUNDING GAP.

No external funding required.

Likely that GKM will be able to afford this capex comfortably and that no external funding will be required.

FINAL STRATEGY, DEVELOPMENT PLAN AND IMPLEMENTATION PLAN REPORT | NOVEMBER 2012

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Kokstad:

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Decrease in average supply of ecosystem services of 43%

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Decrease in average supply of ecosystem services of 34%

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Decrease in average supply of ecosystem services of 24%

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Decrease in average supply of ecosystem services

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Built infrastructure will be required to replace the decrease in ecosystem services

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Built infrastructure will be required to replace the decrease in ecosystem services

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Built infrastructure will be required to replace the decrease in ecosystem services

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Built infrastructure will be required to replace the decrease in ecosystem services

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Reduction in supply of water supply and waste dilution services a concern for welfare of users

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Reduction in supply of water supply and waste dilution services a concern for welfare of users

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Reduction in supply of water and waste dilution services a concern for welfare of users

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Increase in supply of water and waste dilution services compared to other scenarios due to rainwater / greywater harvesting, thereby avoiding losses in welfare of users

Franklin:

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Decrease in average supply of ecosystem services of 43%

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Decrease in average supply of ecosystem services of 34%

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Increase in average supply of ecosystem services of 9%

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Reduction in supply of water supply and waste dilution services a concern for welfare of users

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Reduction in supply of water supply and waste dilution services a concern for welfare of users

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Increase in supply of water and waste dilution services driven by improvement in the condition of remaining natural assets, particularly rivers and wetlands, with the implementation of rehabilitation programmes

Franklin: Â&#x2021;

Increase in average supply of ecosystem services of 12%

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Increase in supply of water and waste dilution services driven by improvement in the condition of remaining natural

The radargraphs present the changes in the supply of ecosystem services generated by the natural assets within the urban edges of Kokstad and Franklin in the different scenarios. ,Q WKHVH Ă&#x20AC;JXUHV WKH FKDQJHV LQ OHYHO RI service supplied are presented as a factor of the status-quo (i.e. in relation to the current situation). The following are important points to note: Â&#x2021;

The current level of supply of ecosystem services is represented by the red line. Its value is 1.

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If the supply level of a particular service is on the inside of the red line, then that service is supplied at levels lower than it is today (i.e. <1).

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If the supply level of a particular service is on the outside of the red line, then that service is supplied at levels greater than it is today (i.e. >1).

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The further from the red line, the greater or smaller the levels of service supply in comparison to today!s levels.

FIG 14. ECOSYSTEM SERVICES SUPPLY LEVELS IN THE DIFFERENT SCENARIOS In relation to the current situation (Kokstad - left - and Franklin - right). FINAL STRATEGY, DEVELOPMENT PLAN AND IMPLEMENTATION PLAN REPORT | NOVEMBER 2012

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Number of personnel with key result areas in their performance agreements that relate to the ISDP and the proportion of their time dedicated to its implementation.

Number of meetings held each quarter by the cross-functional ISDP implementation structure.

7KH QXPEHU RI FRQÁLFWV ZLWKLQ DQG EHWZHHQ WKH YDULRXV planning frameworks.

The number of formal agreements (contracts, MoUs etc) between the GKM and others facilitated by the specialist facilitating entity.

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NATURAL RESOURCES

INFRASTRUCTURE

TOWN

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AGRICULTURE

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DOCUMENT PREPARED BY THE CITY THINK SPACE TEAM

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Value of locally produced building materials in Rand

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Percentage of people who take pride in their town in survey area

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Percentage of household expenditure spent on transport

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Percentage of "cost of business! spent on transport and freight.

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Number of people in survey area with a tertiary education TXDOLÃ&#x20AC;FDWLRQ

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Average monthly rental / average house prices as a proportion of household income

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Reduction in proportion of households dependent on social grants

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Number of business owners or people in full time employment who permanently reside in the area

AGRICULTURE

NATURAL RESOURCES

INFRASTRUCTURE

TOWN

05+0*(;69:

DOCUMENT PREPARED BY THE CITY THINK SPACE TEAM

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STRATEGY :;9(;,.@

:;9(;,.@ 7KH IROORZLQJ IRXU SDJHV GHÀQH DQG LOOXVWUDWH WKH strategies that have informed the formulation of the ISDP in terms of this story. These strategies should also guide the decision-making process in terms of other statutory plans (like the IDP and SDF) and should guide decision-making in the execution of the ISDP.

DEVELOPMENT PLAN

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TOWN

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INFRASTRUCTURE

PHOTO 2. SHOPRITE CENTRE, HOPE STR, KOKSTAD

FIG 16. CROSSROADS / STATUS QUO / GOODS

AGRICULTURE

NATURAL RESOURCES

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PHOTO 3. LOCAL VEGETABLE MARKET

DOCUMENT PREPARED BY THE CITY THINK SPACE TEAM

FIG 17. CROSSROADS / STRATEGY / GOODS

IMPLEMENTATION PLAN

KOKSTAD & FRANKLIN INTEGRATED SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT PLAN

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PHOTO 4. DOWER STR TAXI RANK, KOKSTAD

FIG 18. CROSSROADS / STATUS QUO / PEOPLE

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PHOTO 5. LOCAL VEGETABLE MARKET

FIG 19. CROSSROADS / STRATEGY / PEOPLE

FINAL STRATEGY, DEVELOPMENT PLAN AND IMPLEMENTATION PLAN REPORT | NOVEMBER 2012

STRATEGY :;9(;,.@

TOWN

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PHOTO 6. N2, KOKSTAD

AGRICULTURE

NATURAL RESOURCES

INFRASTRUCTURE

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PHOTO 7. THE ROLLING HIGHWAY TRANSPORTING TRUCKS BY RAIL

DOCUMENT PREPARED BY THE CITY THINK SPACE TEAM

DEVELOPMENT PLAN

IMPLEMENTATION PLAN

KOKSTAD & FRANKLIN INTEGRATED SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT PLAN

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PHOTO 9. ENGEN SERVICE STATEMENT, N2,, KOKSTAD

FIG 20. CROSSROADS / STATUS QUO / TOURISM

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PHOTO 8. GUIDE TO MALOTI-DRAKENSBERG AREA

FIG 21. CROSSROADS / STRATEGY / TOURISM

FINAL STRATEGY, DEVELOPMENT PLAN AND IMPLEMENTATION PLAN REPORT | NOVEMBER 2012

STRATEGY

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IMPLEMENTATION PLAN

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Rail-Trail: Put Kokstad on the map for adventure and sports tourists with the Kokstad Triathlon swim Crystal Pools dam, ycle to Franklin and run back to Kokstad.

R617

FRANKLIN

,*6;6<90:4 050;0(;0=, Develop the Kokstad-Franklin â&#x20AC;&#x153;Rail Trailâ&#x20AC;? as a major new integrated eco-tourism project along the defunct Kokstad-Franklin rail line. The trail FDQ LQFOXGH PRXQWDLQ ELNLQJ KLNLQJ Ă \Ă&#x20AC;VKLQJ and birdwatching, and link restored wetlands, guest farms and agri-tourism enterprises between Kokstad and Franklin. This would establish the region as a unique new tourist destination, and form the base for major new annual events (e.g. the Kokstad triathlon).

TOWN

*96::96(+: CROSSROADS

ENABLING INSTITUTIONS

FRANKLIN WETLANDS

PROPOSED HIKING TRAIL

PROPOSED RAIL-TRAIL Franklin-Mount Currie Hiking Trail: Create a three-day hiking trail between Franklin and Kokstad, taking in the Franklin wetlands, the top of Mount Currie and ending at the Crystal Pools campsite.

Overnight Hut/Farmstay on the Rail Trail: An integrated eco-tourism project along the defunct Kokstadâ&#x20AC;&#x201C; Franklin rail line, including a mountain biking, hiking, Ă \Ă&#x20AC;VKLQJ DQG ELUGZDWFKLQJ trail linking restored wetlands.

9,.065(3 :,9=0*, *,5;9, Initiate a supply chain development project to map the farming/agricultural cluster (across all farming activity). MOUNT CURRIE NATURE RESERVE

R617

N2 TO PORT SHEPSTONE

-9,0./; 36.0:;0*: Minimise road-based transport of goods. Reduce transport costs and other related environmental impacts by developing a transport, freight and logistics programme, and promote the wholesale, trade and distribution sectors within the GKM spatial economy. Establish a local GKM logistics info centre to help prevent trucks travelling empty, and launch a small vehicle/taxi emissions reduction and safety initiative.

AGRICULTURE

NATURAL RESOURCES

INFRASTRUCTURE

Kokstad should protect and enhance its role as a regional service centre by developing itself as a regional centre of excellence in education and skills development. Supporting the Digital Hub idea, Kokstad could tap into new free, world-class online access to tertiary degree programmes.

Franklin eco-tourism centre: Build on Franklin!s unique location at the heart of a precious wetland system by providing eco-tourism and local homestay facilities within the town. This will also serve as the start/end point of the Mount Currie Hiking Trail and the Rail Trail.

DOCUMENT PREPARED BY THE CITY THINK SPACE TEAM

Kokstad Triathlon Swim event at Crystal Springs Dam.

The Rail Trail

KOKSTAD R56

Proudly Kokstad campaign.

Launch a transport, freight and logistics programme.

Launch a sector supply chain development programme,.

Ecotourism Initiative Regional Service Centre Freight Logistics

N2 TO MTHATHA

TOWN

*96::96(+: 00 ! 36*(30:, -\[\YL 2VRZ[HK PZ HU H[[YHJ[P]L HMMVYKHISL WSHJL [V SP]L HUK ^VYR ^P[O H ZRPSSLK WVW\SH[PVU HUK LMÄJPLU[ W\ISPJ [YHUZWVY[ JVUULJ[PVUZ [V HUK MYVT [OL IYVHKLY YLNPVU

FRANKLIN A strong local food production economy addresses food security and reduces pressure on local household costs.

FIG 23. TOWN III - FRANKLIN

INFRASTRUCTURE NATURAL RESOURCES

S ER

Local brickyard.

ET RE ST ER W DO KOKSTAD CENTRAL

Processing of local natural material (e.g. hemp).

Processing recycled material into new products.

Establish an Industrial Ecology Precinct in the Kokstad industrial area to reduce production and service costs/ inputs and attract new, sustainable industries.

Water tank construction.

Neighbourhood Activity Node: Local Economy & Digital Hubs Complementary Mixed Use + Local Economy Support Industrial Ecology Precinct

FIG 22. TOWN III - KOKSTAD

Packaging of local agricultural produce.

DOCUMENT PREPARED BY THE CITY THINK SPACE TEAM

6XSSRUW YDOXH DGGLQJ EHQHÀFLDWLRQ RI DJULFXOWXUDO products and processes (such as milk processing and cheese manufacturing, timber (low grade) processing and manufacturing, maize processing, poultry processing and vegetables and fruit processing) within neighbourhood activity nodes.

Establishment of micro-utilities to supply, manage and maintain sustainable hot water, energy and other services to household clusters (15-20 hh).

BHONGWENI

Timber processing.

Neighbourhood Activity Node: Agri-Processing Node

5,0./)6<9/66+ (*;0=0;@ 56+,! 36*(3 (.90 796*,::05.

40*96 <;030;@

Wetland rehabilitation (restoring the commons) in exchange for "civics!.

05+<:;90(3 ,*636.@ 79,*05*;

Micro-utility

Bio-fuel production.

Establish appropriate new economic activity centres at high access points in existing and new settlement areas. Set up digital hubs at all community activity centres to stimulate local business investment and entrepreneurialism and connect residents and businesses to regional and global knowledge, skills development and economic opportunities.

HORSESHOE

5,0./)6<9/66+ (*;0=0;@ 56+,! ,*65640* 05-694(;065 *64765,5; 5,0./)6<9/66+ (*;0=0;@ 56+,

BAMBAYI

JA ROAD

Promote sustainable economic development by establishing appropriate new economic activity centres at high access points in existing and new settlement areas.

RE ST

GCADIN

MA HO

E AV

Free WIFI for the whole town – starting with “knowledge hubs” at activity nodes.

“I was always at home doing nothing - didn!t know much about life in general, but when CLIQ (Community based SHAYAMOYA Micro utilities provide Learning ICTs and and maintain household Quality of Life) came services. along it opened another world in my life and I gained more knowledge about things that I never thought I would know, in the computer. Khetha MZINTLAVA RIVER FY (2010)

Park maintenance (restoring the commons) in exchange for "civics!.

E TH

Proactively include informal and micro business as a key part of the economy. Focus on promoting local businesses - ones that are locally owned and carry locally-produced stock or offer locally-sourced services - and make allowance for mixed-use live-work units that can encourage people to start and run their own businesses from their living places.

Map local supply chains and services to uncover RSSRUWXQLWLHV IRU GLYHUVLÀFDWLRQ of demand and supply, leading to greater economic resilience, local economic self-reliance, greater circulation of money, and EDODQFLQJ RI ÁRZV RI JRRGV DQG services into and out of the local economy.

IMPLEMENTATION PLAN

:<7769; -69 36*(3 ,*6564@

EXTENSION 7

AGRICULTURE

+,=,3674,5; 73(5 DEVELOPMENT PLAN

STRATEGY

*96::96(+: CROSSROADS

ENABLING INSTITUTIONS

Establish the Kokstad Industrial Area as an Industrial Ecology Precinct to attract new green LQGXVWU\ WKDW FDQ EHQHÀW IURP UHGXFHG VHUYLFH costs derived from optimised “waste to energy” ÁRZV EHWZHHQ LQGXVWULHV RQH EXVLQHVVҋ ZDVWH becomes another!s resource). The park should also reduce stormwater pollution to zero using swales, bioswales, soakaways, wetlands, etc.

;6>5

CROSSROADS

ENABLING INSTITUTIONS

Value of locally produced building materials in Rand

Percentage of people who take pride in their town in survey area

Percentage of household expenditure spent on transport

Number of people in survey area with a tertiary education TXDOLÀFDWLRQ

Average monthly rental / average house prices as a proportion of household income

Reduction in proportion of households dependent on social grants

AGRICULTURE

NATURAL RESOURCES

INFRASTRUCTURE

;6>5 TOWN

05+0*(;69:

DOCUMENT PREPARED BY THE CITY THINK SPACE TEAM

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STRATEGY :;9(;,.@

DEVELOPMENT PLAN

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;6>5 TOWN

CROSSROADS

ENABLING INSTITUTIONS

INFRASTRUCTURE

PHOTO 12. SHAYAMOYA AND KOKSTAD CENTRAL - TWO TOWNS

FIG 26. TOWN / STATUS QUO / ACCESS

AGRICULTURE

NATURAL RESOURCES

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PHOTO 11. DENSIFICATION AND INTENSIFICATION AROUND MOVEMENT CORRIDORS DOCUMENT PREPARED BY THE CITY THINK SPACE TEAM

FIG 25. TOWN / STRATEGY / ACCESS

IMPLEMENTATION PLAN

KOKSTAD & FRANKLIN INTEGRATED SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT PLAN

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PHOTO 13. SOCIAL INITIATIVES IN ISOLATION

FIG 27. TOWN / STATUS QUO / INTEGRATION

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FIG 28. TOWN / STRATEGY/ INTEGRATION

FINAL STRATEGY, DEVELOPMENT PLAN AND IMPLEMENTATION PLAN REPORT | NOVEMBER 2012

STRATEGY :;9(;,.@

ENABLING INSTITUTIONS

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DEVELOPMENT PLAN

;6>5 TOWN

CROSSROADS

INFRASTRUCTURE

PHOTO 14. LACK OF NMT FACILITIES, KOKSTAD

FIG 29. TOWN / STATUS QUO / DIVERSITY

AGRICULTURE

NATURAL RESOURCES

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FIG 30. TOWN / STRATEGY / DIVERSITY

DOCUMENT PREPARED BY THE CITY THINK SPACE TEAM

IMPLEMENTATION PLAN

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ACTIVITY ST

In terms of public transportation-based movement systems, the most equitable systems are ones where people can switch direction, as well as modes of movement, quickly and easily. When this is possible, the system provides "access to access!, rather than being overly destinationdetermined.

PARK ST

CONNECTOR ST FRANKLIN

FIG 32. TOWN I - FRANKLIN

05;,9*/(5.,

New connections across the stream dividing Shayamoya.

The centre points of these notional zones of access are transportation interchange points. They are places where modes of transport are integrated and where changes of direction are possible.

New connection from R617 into Shayamoya.

Re-integration of existing malls and parking into Main Street.

IMPLEMENTATION PLAN

(**,::0)030;@ .90+

Review layout of next phases of Franklin housing project to align with the proposed public space and street network. R6 17

Strategic street framework identifying complementary activity and green streets connecting all parts of Kokstad.

;6>5 TOWN

+,=,3674,5; 73(5 DEVELOPMENT PLAN

STRATEGY

CROSSROADS

ENABLING INSTITUTIONS

New neighbourhood nodes (within convenient walking distance of all residents).

SHAYAMOYA

LEVEL 2 NODE

LEVEL 3 NODE 400M RADIUS

EXTENSION 7

S ER

through new development parcels between Bhongweni and Shayamoya connect the two areas.

7<)30* :7(*,

PUBLIC SPACE

BHONGWENI

New street connection from Bhongweni into Shayamoya.

PUBLIC SPACE

KOKSTAD CENTRAL

New pedestrian bridges across the river that divides Kokstad Central from Bhongweni and Shayamoya.

Level 1 Node Level 2 Node

5,0./)6<9/66+ (*;0=0;@ 56+,

Level 3 Node Regional Activity Routes CLUSTERED MIX OF ACTIVITIES

Neighbourhood Activity Street Connector Street 56

Pedestrian Route

Green Street

AGRICULTURE

,QWHUFKDQJH SRLQWV JHQHUDWH ODUJH Ă RZV RI SHRSOH DQG UHSUHVHQW SRLQWV of high accessibility. It therefore makes sense to make these places pleasant, landscaped public spaces, which can accommodate informal trading and services such as the pension payout point, and to locate SXEOLF DPHQLWLHV VXFK DV SDUNV WRWORWV DQG VSRUWV Ă&#x20AC;HOGV QHDUE\

HORSESHOE

S ER

BAMBAYI

JA ROAD

RE ST

Taxi rank upgrading and improved linkages to and from the region, especially at the town centre and the hospital.

NATURAL RESOURCES

GCADIN

VE EA

E NU

INFRASTRUCTURE

MZINTLAVA New RIVER connections

The Rail Trail Notional internal public transport route Notional omnibus public transport route Existing/Proposed Settlement Footprint

FIG 31. TOWN I - KOKSTAD

DOCUMENT PREPARED BY THE CITY THINK SPACE TEAM

1HZ VHWWOHPHQW ZLWK D Ă&#x20AC;QH grain, pedestrian friendly grid and activity / green streets where appropriate.

Interchange points are ideal places for government to reach the people with the support services they provide. Clusters of social services (a "kit of public parts!) should be associated with the interchange points. The precise make-up of the "kit! varies with the hierarchical level of the interchange. The clustering of facilities also promotes a "one-stop shopping! type of service provision, in addition to making a space ideal IRU UHWDLOLQJ FRPPHUFH DQG PDQXIDFWXULQJ ,W DOVR VLJQLĂ&#x20AC;FDQWO\ HQKDQFHV convenience and opens up the possibility of sharing facilities, particularly between schools and the broader community.

+,=,3674,5; 73(5 DEVELOPMENT PLAN

STRATEGY

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IMPLEMENTATION PLAN

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These streets link into the regional route network, have an important mobility role and provide high visibility and access. They accommodate all users and ensure access for private and public motorised transport. These streets facilitate linear and nodal mixed use development and higher densities along sections of the route. They accommodate higher order retail such as national retail chains and local enterprises and should support delivery and access requirements..

FRANKLIN

FIG 34. TOWN II - FRANKLIN

5,0./)6<9/66+ (*;0=0;@ :;9,,; , . .*(+051( :;9,,; These are the spines of local neighbourhoods and link local QHLJKERXUKRRG QRGHV 7KH\ DFFRPPRGDWH PL[HG WUDIĂ&#x20AC;F EXW SULRULWLVH pedestrians, bicycles and public transport. They facilitate linear mixeduse development, neighbourhood businesses and higher residential densities along sections of the route. They offer landscaped edges, street trees, street furniture and allow direct access, ease of pedestrian crossing and high levels of public transport access.

CROSSROADS

ENABLING INSTITUTIONS

;6>5 TOWN

SHAYAMOYA

NATURAL RESOURCES

HORSESHOE

S ER

BAMBAYI

JA ROAD

RE ST

A regular and regulated public transport line is established (the yellow circuit).

MZINTLAVA RIVER Activity Street: Streets linking communities.

GCADIN

VE EA

E NU

INFRASTRUCTURE

EXTENSION 7

S ER

These streets are continuous streets that link key areas of the town. They facilitate easy and safe pedestrian, cycle and public transport connections between one part of town and another, while still guaranteeing ease of access for private vehicles. Surrounding buildings and edges are encouraged to maintain a relationship with the street.

BHONGWENI

KOKSTAD CENTRAL

Level 1 Node

Green streets allow for easy pedestrian and cycling movement through the town.

.9,,5 :;9,,;: , . ,3306; :;9,,;

Level 2 Node Level 3 Node Regional Activity Routes Neighbourhood Activity Street

Pedestrian Route The Rail Trail Notional internal public transport route Notional omnibus public transport route Existing/Proposed Settlement Footprint

FIG 33. TOWN II - KOKSTAD

DOCUMENT PREPARED BY THE CITY THINK SPACE TEAM

Green Street

Connector Street

AGRICULTURE

*655,*;69 :;9,,;: , . *6<3;,9 :;9,,;

These streets connect parks, playgrounds and crĂ¨ches and provide a safe, attractive network of people-friendly routes throughout the towns. They include intense tree planting (such as fruit trees), very wide pedestrian walkways and a cycle path or bicycle boulevard. Signage and lighting prioritises pedestrians and cyclists. Vehicular movement is limited to one lane in each direction only, with a narrow carriageway width to slow cars. The surrounding land uses will mostly be residential, and residents will be encouraged to retain a positive interface with the street for passive surveillance.

+,=,3674,5; 73(5 DEVELOPMENT PLAN

STRATEGY

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Public spaces at public transport interchanges provide comfort, convenience and amenity for public transport users. They should provide public ablutions, trading facilities, seating, lighting, security , bicycle facilities and storage, while the surrounding activities should include retail, transport businesses (taxis, vehicle repairs), and cafes and eateries.

FRANKLIN

4(92,; :7(*,:

FIG 44. TOWN III - FRANKLIN

Public spaces at market places provide space for emerging retail activities, food markets, and periodic markets. They should be located at central points close to main activity streets, and should include a market structure providing shelter and basic services (water, toilets, etc) for traders. Surrounding activities that would do well are nurseries and agri-processing businesses.

Develop urban design guidelines to ensure that buildings and structures edging streets and public spaces provide a positive interface, promoting passive surveillance, spatial GHĂ&#x20AC;QLWLRQ DQG HQFORVXUH

;6>5 TOWN

Develop and implement a landscape and public space upgrading framework for the main public spaces, street networks and open spaces.

SHAYAMOYA

*0=0* :8<(9,: Civic squares are important town-wide gathering and civic spaces provide a place where the public can express their right to democratic space - space where public displays and civic activities can happen, or where people can demonstrate or even protest. Such spaces are centrally located and usually associated with a town hall, library, court or similar civic use. Elements include a landscaped plaza, seating, and lighting.

EXTENSION 7

GCADIN

RE ST

HORSESHOE

5,0./)6<9/66+ :8<(9,:

ET RE ST ER W DO KOKSTAD CENTRAL

NATURAL RESOURCES

S ER

BAMBAYI

JA ROAD

E AV

INFRASTRUCTURE

MZINTLAVA RIVER

E TH

IMPLEMENTATION PLAN

;9(5:0; :8<(9,:

CROSSROADS

ENABLING INSTITUTIONS

Neighbourhood squares house local community activities, and are small hang-out places for people to meet. They are located within local communities and at clusters of social facilities. Elements include a landscaped plaza, seating, lighting, children!s play areas, play equipment (ball courts etc.), and activities suited to the area are FUqFKHV KDOOV VFKRROV 1*2 RIĂ&#x20AC;FHV DQG SODFHV RI UHIXJH

BHONGWENI

/,90;(., 79,*05*;

AGRICULTURE

Heritage precincts Public Open Space

FIG 45. TOWN III - KOKSTAD

DOCUMENT PREPARED BY THE CITY THINK SPACE TEAM

+HULWDJH SUHFLQFWV DUH ORFDWHG LQ DUHDV RI KLVWRULFDO VLJQLĂ&#x20AC;FDQFH ZLWKLQ the town. This includes the area around both the Kokstad and Franklin railway stations, intact parts of the historic Kokstad CBD, and the central part of Franklin.

+,=,3674,5; 73(5 DEVELOPMENT PLAN

STRATEGY

;6>5 0= ! 3(5+ <:, (*;0=0;@

Mixed-use development is the practice of having more than one form of â&#x20AC;&#x153;useâ&#x20AC;? or activity (e.g., UHVLGHQWLDO FRPPHUFLDO RIĂ&#x20AC;FH UHFUHDWLRQDO industry) in a building or building complex. The combination of uses, when planned according to people!s needs, can create a more walkable, people-oriented space, and help prevent urban sprawl.

FRANKLIN

5,0./)6<9/66+ (*;0=0;@ 56+, The neighbourhood activity node is based on the "kit of parts! concept that relates to the collective provision of public or community facilities in clusters or â&#x20AC;&#x153;activity centresâ&#x20AC;? that are located in places of high accessibility, particularly in terms of public transport and non-motorised transport.

FIG 53. TOWN IV - FRANKLIN

New commercial nodes at appropriate locations (at activity centres and along main connecting routes).

SHAYAMOYA

FIG 50. SOCIAL COMPONENT MZINTLAVA RIVER

RE ST

S ER

HORSESHOE

ET RE ST ER W DO KOKSTAD CENTRAL

NATURAL RESOURCES

BAMBAYI

JA ROAD

E AV

GCADIN

Social facility precincts around schools.

INFRASTRUCTURE

EXTENSION 7

E TH

BHONGWENI Bhongweni Light Industrial Park.

FIG 51. SOCIAL AND COMMERCIAL COMPONENTS

Public Open Space

AGRICULTURE

Proposed/Existing Secondary School 3URSRVHG ([LVWLQJ 6SRUWVĂ&#x20AC;HOG Proposed/Existing Government Facilities

FIG 49. TOWN IV - KOKSTAD

Proposed/Existing Primary School

Complementary Mixed Use Establish an â&#x20AC;&#x153;Industrial Ecology Precinctâ&#x20AC;? in Kokstad industrial area to attract new investment and stimulate new industries.

DOCUMENT PREPARED BY THE CITY THINK SPACE TEAM

At such a node, a range of land use mixes are encouraged - social, education, economic, recreational, agricultural and transport - all at a scale that is appropriate to the size of the node. While a single node is unlikely to contain all these land uses, by encouraging a mix of activities a local character emerges so that some nodes are predominantly social/educational in character, others are mostly commercial and others might centre around a neighbourhood park, agricultural allotments and a weekly market - the nature of the node develops in response to the needs of its community. The surrounding urban fabric should support such a node through developing higher residential densities and pursuing a complete street approach, with provision for pedestrian and cycling streets, and transit stops. The kind of social facilities that work well within such a node are schools, clinics, libraries, digital hubs, community halls, and so on. In a town location, these kinds of uses are complemented by a range of commercial activity, while in an agricultural node or quieter residential area the focus might be on nurseries or playgrounds, while a higher-order node would include larger retail and services (these are unpacked under the Agriculture, Natural Resources and Crossroads stories respectively).

Consolidate and protect the Main Street mixed use zone as a regional shopping precinct. (Do not allow outof-town malls!)

Industrial

IMPLEMENTATION PLAN

40?,+ <:, A65,:

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;6>5 TOWN

CROSSROADS

ENABLING INSTITUTIONS

FIG 52. ALL USES

ENABLING INSTITUTIONS

STRATEGY

;6>5 = ! :,;;3,4,5;

DEVELOPMENT PLAN

36> B.96::D +,5:0;@ $ +< /(

New settlement areas.

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IMPLEMENTATION PLAN

Review Low Density developments = 10du/ha (example: Mamiesa/Middelvlei)

CROSSROADS

FRANKLIN

UL[[ KLUZP[` YHUNL! [V K\ OH

FIG 56. TOWN IV - FRANKLIN

4,+0<4 B.96::D +,5:0;@ $ +< /( New Medium density mixed use developments = 25 du/ha (example: along R56 and between Shayamoya and Bhongweni)

New settlement areas. Proposed layout of new neighbourhood blocks along R617 to Franklin

Proposed layout of new neighbourhood blocks between Shayamoya and Bhongweni

MZINTLAVA RIVER

K\ OH NYVZZ KLUZP[`

R ST

BAMBAYI

JA ROAD

GCADIN

RE ST

VE EA

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NATURAL RESOURCES

K\ OH NYVZZ KLUZP[`

EXTENSION 7

INFRASTRUCTURE

TOWN

SHAYAMOYA Develop a range of new settlement areas including the R56, as sustainable, complete neighbourhoods including strong components of private rental and social housing (using Kokstad!s new

S ER

/0./ B.96::D +,5:0;@ $ +< /( New High density mixed use development = 35 du/ha gross density (at nodes, along corridors, and adjacent to active open space, especially the proposed new Green Heart Park)

6DPSOH LQÀOO GHQVLÀFDWLRQ HORSESHOE layout with highest densities onto corridors and public open space.

BHONGWENI

UL[[ KLUZP[` YHUNL! [V K\ OH

KOKSTAD CENTRAL

Review Mamiesa and Middelvlei Projects to incorporate sustainable design principles and infrastructure options.

'HQVLÀFDWLRQ DQG LQÀOO (in the blocks between St Johns, Murray and 1st Avenue).

+,5:0-0*(;065 (5+ 05-033 'HQVLÀFDWLRQ DQG LQÀOO LQ WKH EORFNV between St Johns, Murray and 1st Avenue)

AGRICULTURE

'HQVLÀFDWLRQ XS WR GX KD High Density New Development (35du/ha) Medium Density New Development (25du/ha) Low Density New Development (10du/ha)

FIG 55. TOWN IV - KOKSTAD

DOCUMENT PREPARED BY THE CITY THINK SPACE TEAM

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In selected parts of Kokstad it is possible to increase gross densities from below 10du/ha to 25 du/ha. These opportunities are cost effective, sustainable and UHVRXUFH HIÀFLHQW ZD\V WR SURYLGH QHZ housing opportunities.

05-9(:;9<*;<9,

CROSSROADS

ENABLING INSTITUTIONS

Green drop score

Number of litres of water used per person per day

Organic load on WWTW

kWh of energy produced from biogas vs total energy demand

.J RI ZDVWH SHU SHUVRQ JRLQJ WR ODQGÀOO

Water quality compliance of river downstream of town

Ratio of renewable versus non-renewable energy used in Kokstad

kWh/m3 of wastewater treated

AGRICULTURE

NATURAL RESOURCES

INFRASTRUCTURE

TOWN

05+0*(;69:

DOCUMENT PREPARED BY THE CITY THINK SPACE TEAM

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STRATEGY :;9(;,.@

:;9(;,.@ 7KH IROORZLQJ IRXU SDJHV GHÃ&#x20AC;QH DQG LOOXVWUDWH WKH strategies that have informed the formulation of the ISDP in terms of this story. These strategies should also guide the decision-making process in terms of other statutory plans (like the IDP and SDF) and should guide decision-making in the execution of the ISDP.

DEVELOPMENT PLAN

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TOWN

CROSSROADS

ENABLING INSTITUTIONS

05-9(:;9<*;<9, INFRASTRUCTURE

FIG 63. INFRASTRUCTURE / STATUS QUO / WATER

AGRICULTURE

NATURAL RESOURCES

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FIG 64. INFRASTRUCTURE / STRATEGY / WATER

DOCUMENT PREPARED BY THE CITY THINK SPACE TEAM

IMPLEMENTATION PLAN

KOKSTAD & FRANKLIN INTEGRATED SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT PLAN

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PHOTO 18. LANDFILL SITE, SHAYAMOYA, KOKSTAD

FIG 65. INFRASTRUCTURE / STATUS QUO / WASTE

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PHOTO 19. WASTE SORTING, CURITIBA

FIG 66. INFRASTRUCTURE / STRATEGY / WASTE

FINAL STRATEGY, DEVELOPMENT PLAN AND IMPLEMENTATION PLAN REPORT | NOVEMBER 2012

STRATEGY :;9(;,.@

ENABLING INSTITUTIONS

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DEVELOPMENT PLAN

TOWN

CROSSROADS

100

05-9(:;9<*;<9, INFRASTRUCTURE

PHOTO 20. HOUSING DEVELOPMENT, SHAYAMOYA, KOKSTAD

FIG 67. INFRASTRUCTURE / STATUS QUO/ ENERGY

AGRICULTURE

NATURAL RESOURCES

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FIG 68. INFRASTRUCTURE / STRATEGY / ENERGY

DOCUMENT PREPARED BY THE CITY THINK SPACE TEAM

IMPLEMENTATION PLAN

KOKSTAD & FRANKLIN INTEGRATED SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT PLAN

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FIG 69. INFRASTRUCTURE/STATUS QUO/GROWTH PLANS PHOTO 21. POTHOLE ON A PROVINCIAL ROAD

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FINAL STRATEGY, DEVELOPMENT PLAN AND IMPLEMENTATION PLAN REPORT | NOVEMBER 2012

101

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STRATEGY

05-9(:;9<*;<9, 0 !

IMPLEMENTATION PLAN

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TOWN

CROSSROADS

ENABLING INSTITUTIONS

102

Reduce water demand by repairing water leaks in Shayamoya (currently using 34% of total water supplied to Kokstad).

05-9(:;9<*;<9, INFRASTRUCTURE

Reduce demand by using WUHDWHG HIĂ XHQW UDWKHU WKDQ drinking water to water ODZQV VSRUWV Ă&#x20AC;HOGV DQG JROI course.

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using rainwater for toilets

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:<+:! :;694>(;,9 36*(3 *65;963:

WWTW

NATURAL RESOURCES

grey-water reuse

Â&#x2021;

FIG 70. INFRASTRUCTURE I - FRANKLIN

WTW

Â&#x2021;

Stormwater runoff quantity and quality control at or near its source

Â&#x2021;

*UHHQ URRIV VDQG Ă&#x20AC;OWHUV VRDNDZD\V stormwater collection and reuse

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Management of stormwater runoff from many source control catchments:

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%LR GHWHQWLRQ DUHDV Ă&#x20AC;OWHU VWULSV LQĂ&#x20AC;OWUDWLRQ / trenches / permeable pavements

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Management of stormwater runoff from local catchments

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Constructed wetlands / detention ponds / retention ponds

Constructed wetland Swales and other stormwater controls PRV

AGRICULTURE

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Pressure Release Valve New development according to SuDS Guidelines

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Incentivised rainwater harvesting (institutions and industry) 6X'6 &RQYH\DQFH DQG ,QĂ&#x20AC;OWUDWLRQ 6X'6 ,QĂ&#x20AC;OWUDWLRQ SuDS: Constructed Wetland

FIG 71. INFRASTRUCTURE I - KOKSTAD

DOCUMENT PREPARED BY THE CITY THINK SPACE TEAM

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STRATEGY

05-9(:;9<*;<9, 00 ! :(50;(;065

Effectively large septic tanks from where gas can be extracted) serving 15-20 low income housing units. Anaerobic digesters remove approximately 50% of organic load. Liquid from anaerobic digesters goes to sewer. Gas is extracted and used in communal cook houses (reduced UHOLDQFH RQ HOHFWULFLW\ RU SDUDIĂ&#x20AC;Q 'LJHVWHG sludge would have to be removed every few years and could be used as a fertiliser if dried or composted.

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FRANKLIN

FIG 75. INFRASTRUCTURE II - FRANKLIN

4,+0<4 :*(3, (5(,96)0* +0.,:;,9: -69 )06.(: 05:;0;<;065: Anaeriobic digesters (AD) installed at schools and municipal institutions. ADs remove approximately 50% of organic load. Liquid from ADs goes to sewer. Gas is extracted and used in canteens, thus reducing reliance on electricity or imported LPG. Can be supplemented with waste food or animal waste, if available, to increase gas yield. Digested sludge would have to be removed every few years and could be used as a fertiliser if dried.

TOWN

Medium scale anaerobic digesters for biogas (institutional scale).

SHAYAMOYA

EXTENSION 7

NATURAL RESOURCES

S ER

BAMBAYI

JA ROAD

Passive waste water treatment at the constructed wetland.

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05-9(:;9<*;<9, INFRASTRUCTURE

MZINTLAVA RIVER

HORSESHOE

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BHONGWENI

Small scale anaerobic digesters for biogas (community scale).

7(::0=, >(:;, >(;,9 ;9,(;4,5;! *65:;9<*;,+ >,;3(5+

Composting waste activated sludge.

Medium Scale Anaerobic Digesters for Biogas Integrated Waste Hub Constructed Wetland Municipal Biogas Generator Composting Waste Water Treatment Works

FIG 76. INFRASTRUCTURE II - KOKSTAD

DOCUMENT PREPARED BY THE CITY THINK SPACE TEAM

Waste Activated Sludge (WAS) is produced at the WWTW and can be composted with greens and other organics. This allows for the reuse of nutrients which would otherwise be wasted.

Small scale Anaerobic Digesters for Biogas

AGRICULTURE

IMPLEMENTATION PLAN

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There is area downstream of the WWTW with space for approximately 7 to 8 ha of constructed wetland. This form of passive treatment does not require any energy and needs little maintenance. Such a constructed wetland could serve as a tertiary treatment/polishing step for the current WWTW and also act as a buffer to the ecosystem should there be a failure.

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STRATEGY

05-9(:;9<*;<9, 000 ! :630+ >(:;,

Waste pickers collect co-mingled recyclables from each household (a plastic bag per household per week), and take the recyclables to a central site where they are remunerated accordingly.

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FRANKLIN

4(;,90(3: 9,*6=,9@ -(*030;@ Materials Recovery Facility (MRF): Mixed recyclables are sorted into various fractions (on this scale it would be manually sorting) and reused in industry.

FIG 78. INFRASTRUCTURE III - FRANKLIN

(5(,96)0* +0.,:;,9 -69 69.(50* >(:;,

Develop industry and economic opportunities from the sale, reuse and recycling of materials generated by a Materials Recycling Facility (MRF) associated with the industrial area.

Anaerobic digester of organic waste: Organic waste is digested to generate biogas which can EH XVHG LQ WKH LQGXVWULDO DUHD WR ÀUH ERLOHUV RU LW can be used to generate electricity by way of the combustion of methane.

SHAYAMOYA Pilot a household level two bag waste collection system as a job creation initiative.

TOWN

IMPLEMENTATION PLAN

>(:;, 70*2,9:» 9,*@*3()3,: *633,*;065 7605;

CROSSROADS

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106

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BAMBAYI

JA ROAD

Ensure that the location RI WKH QHZ ODQGÀOO VLWH takes into consideration opportunities for synergy with the industrial area. HORSESHOE

Composting plant: Waste activated sludge (WAS) from the anaerobic digester can be composted with garden waste (also see Infrastructure II – Sanitation).

/(A(9+6<: >(:;, +967 6-- (5+ :;69(., Hazardous waste drop-off and storage: Hazardous waste such as batteries, electronics and paint can be dropped off by the public and stored safely. This waste is not permitted to go to ODQGÀOO LQ WHUPV RI WKH QHZ ZDVWH UHJXODWLRQV

Develop industry and economic opportunities from the sale, reuse and recycling of materials generated by a Materials Recycling Facility (MRF) associated with the industrial area.

BHONGWENI

Develop the Kokstad Industrial area into an “Industrial Ecology Precinct” as a national exemplar of a zero-waste, UHVRXUFH HIÀFLHQW ´LQGXVWULDO ecology”. In such a precinct, the waste of one industry becomes another!s resource.

KOKSTAD CENTRAL

Leachate from the new ODQGÀOO VLWH PD\ QHHG WR be treated at the WWTW.

Materials Recovery Facility

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Composting Plant Waste Pickers! Recycleables Collection Point ([LVWLQJ 3URSRVHG /DQGÀOO 6LWH ?

3RWHQWLDO /DQGÀOO 6LWH

FIG 79. INFRASTRUCTURE III - KOKSTAD

DOCUMENT PREPARED BY THE CITY THINK SPACE TEAM

>(:;, ,?*/(5., :>(7 4(33 Reusable waste can be dropped off or exchanged for tokens to buy other reusable products. This would include items such as books, clothes, toys etc.

Integrated Waste Hub

AGRICULTURE

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Develop a “waste hub” or Integrated Waste Management Facility near the industrial area T to divert recyclables and REE ST RUJDQLFV IURP WKH ODQGÀOO R E RK site. BA MA

NATURAL RESOURCES

7KH FXUUHQW ODQGÀOO MZINTLAVA RIVER could be transformed into a park.

05-9(:;9<*;<9, INFRASTRUCTURE

EXTENSION 7

Reduce the amount of "waste! brought into Kokstad through intelligent supply chain management and public awareness.

262:;(+ 05+<:;90(3 ,*636.@ 79,*05*; Develop the Kokstad Industrial area and the new industrial area proposed to the south of the town into “Industrial Ecology Precincts”, as national exemplars of a Zero Waste (ZW).

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STRATEGY

05-9(:;9<*;<9, 0=! ,5,9.@

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40*96 <;030;0,: Establishment of micro-utilities to supply, manage and maintain sustainable hot water and energy to household clusters (15-20 hh).

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FRANKLIN

FIG 81. INFRASTRUCTURE IV - FRANKLIN

Biogas can be generated at a regional anaerobic degester at the WWTW. This would involved the co-digestion of waste food, animal waste and industrial organic by-products.

industrial area are ideally suited for photovoltaic panels.

9,.065(3 )06.(: -(*030;@

CROSSROADS

ENABLING INSTITUTIONS

108

TOWN

SHAYAMOYA

05:;0;<;065(3 :63(9 ,5,9.@ /(9=,:;05. ,5,9.@ ,--0*0,5*@

,QFUHDVH HQHUJ\ HIĂ&#x20AC;FLHQF\ across households and institutions.

The large, north-facing roofs of the industrial area and institutions such as schools and shopping centres can be used for mounting photovoltaic (PV) cells for solar energy harvesting. These same institutions should be UHWURĂ&#x20AC;WWHG ZLWK HQHUJ\ VDYLQJ PHFKDQLVPV DQG GHYLFHV WR PD[LPLVH HQHUJ\ HIĂ&#x20AC;FLHQF\

NATURAL RESOURCES

S ER

JA ROAD

Regional biogas facility.

RE ST

MZINTLAVA RIVER Micro-utilities to supply, manage and maintain sustainable hot water BAMBAYI and energy to household clusters.

GCADIN

E AV

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05-9(:;9<*;<9, INFRASTRUCTURE

EXTENSION 7

HORSESHOE

ET RE ST ER W DO KOKSTAD CENTRAL

Solar PV requires about 1 sqm for every 100W of panels, so a 10MW project would require about 10 hectares. Together with improving the overall HQHUJ\ HIIĂ&#x20AC;FLHQF\ RI WKH WRZQ VXFK D SURMHFW would greatly increase the town!s resilience to Eskom!s rising prices and occasional blackouts.

BHONGWENI

262:;(+ 05:<;90(3 ,*636.@ 79,*05*; 10MW solar energy farm. 56

AGRICULTURE

4,.(>(;; :63(9 ,5,9.@ -(94

(QHUJ\ (IĂ&#x20AC;FLHQW 1HZ 'HYHORSPHQW Main Biogas Facility (WWTW) Micro Biogas (Community Kitchens) ,QVWLWXWLRQDO 6RODU (QHUJ\ +DUYHVWLQJ (QHUJ\ (IĂ&#x20AC;FLHQF\ Micro-Utility

Establish the Kokstad industrial area as an Industrial Ecology Precinct where a range of energy (and cost) saving measures can be implemented

FIG 82. INFRASTRUCTURE IV- KOKSTAD

DOCUMENT PREPARED BY THE CITY THINK SPACE TEAM

Establish the Kokstad industrial area as an Industrial Ecology Precinct where a range of energy (and cost) saving measures can be LPSOHPHQWHG LQFOXGLQJ HIĂ&#x20AC;FLHQW OLJKWLQJ WKHUPDO saving, compressed air management and so on.

5(;<9(3 9,:6<9*,:

CROSSROADS

ENABLING INSTITUTIONS

116

Number of square metres of public managed park space per person

Number of hectares of protected biodiversity areas in GKM

Condition of wetlands / rivers / grasslands

Value / desirability of properties facing onto public open spaces

Number of households in the survey area that make use of public parks and playgrounds

AGRICULTURE

5(;<9(3 NATURAL RESOURCES 9,:6<9*,:

INFRASTRUCTURE

TOWN

05+0*(;69:

DOCUMENT PREPARED BY THE CITY THINK SPACE TEAM

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STRATEGY :;9(;,.@

:;9(;,.@ 7KH IROORZLQJ SDJHV GHÀQH DQG LOOXVWUDWH WKH strategies that have informed the formulation of the ISDP in terms of this story. These strategies should also guide the decision-making process in terms of other statutory plans (like the IDP and SDF) and should guide decision-making in the execution of the ISDP.

DEVELOPMENT PLAN

IMPLEMENTATION PLAN

:;(;<: 8<6 ,_PZ[PUN LJVZ`Z[LTZ HUK UH[\YHS YLZV\YJLZ HYL \UKLY]HS\LK HUK PUZ\MÄJPLU[S` JHYLK MVY

:;9(;,.@ *VUULJ[ PU[LNYH[L HUK YLOHIPSP[H[L ZWLJPHS WSHJLZ HUK UH[\YHS JVYYPKVYZ [V JYLH[L HU PU[HJ[ M\UJ[PVUHS HUK ÅV\YPZOPUN UH[\YHS Z`Z[LT

PHOTO 23. GRASSLANDS, KOKSTAD

FIG 86. BIODIVERSITY CORRIDORS

FIG 85. NATURAL RESOURCES/STATUS QUO/ ECOSYSTEMS

FIG 87. NATURAL RESOURCES/STRATEGY/ ECOSYSTEMS

AGRICULTURE

5(;<9(3 NATURAL RESOURCES 9,:6<9*,:

INFRASTRUCTURE

TOWN

CROSSROADS

ENABLING INSTITUTIONS

118

DOCUMENT PREPARED BY THE CITY THINK SPACE TEAM

KOKSTAD & FRANKLIN INTEGRATED SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT PLAN

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:;9(;,.@ 7YV[LJ[ HUK LUOHUJL \UPX\L UH[\YHS MLH[\YLZ" PU[LNYH[L 2VRZ[HK HYV\UK H UL^ T\S[P M\UJ[PVUHS ºNYLLU OLHY[»

PHOTO 25. STORMWATER POLLUTION

PHOTO 24. POSITIVE INTERFACE WITH EDGE

PHOTO 26. UNMANAGED OPEN SPACE

PHOTO 27. POSITIVE OPEN SPACE

FIG 88. NATURAL RESOURCES/STATUS QUO/ POLLUTION

FIG 89. NATURAL RESOURCES / STRATEGY / POLLUTION

FIG 90. NATURAL RESOURCES / STATUS QUO / OPEN SPACE

FIG 91. NATURAL RESOURCES / STRATEGY /OPEN SPACE

FINAL STRATEGY, DEVELOPMENT PLAN AND IMPLEMENTATION PLAN REPORT | NOVEMBER 2012

119

+,=,3674,5; 73(5 DEVELOPMENT PLAN

STRATEGY

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INFRASTRUCTURE

These are key natural resource areas that should be protected and, where possible, rehabilitated and restored. These include highpotential biodiversity areas such as wetlands and intact grasslands, areas of high-value ecosystem services, and biodiversity/climate change corridors.

Protect critical biodiversity areas and connect them through a network of ecological corridors

FRANKLIN

FIG 92. NATURAL RESOURCES - FRANKLIN

565 +,=,367()3, (9,(:

These are areas where development is inappropriate â&#x20AC;&#x201C; steep slopes, viewpoints or view corridors, hilltops, valuable agricultural land and culturally VLJQLĂ&#x20AC;FDQW ODQGVFDSHV

Declare protective buffers around rivers

SHAYAMOYA

(.90*<3;<9(3 9<9(3 +,=,3674,5; (9,(:

MZINTLAVA RIVER

These are areas where ecosystem services are lower or can be maintained despite a light development footprint. Periurban/agricultural small-holding development is proposed within these areas. Typologies for these areas are explored under the Agriculture Story.

EXTENSION 7 BAMBAYI

BHONGWENI

HORSESHOE

Create a buffer at the urban edge with a peri-urban agricultural typology

5(;<9(3 NATURAL RESOURCES 9,:6<9*,:

KOKSTAD CENTRAL

Wilderness / biodiversity areas

AGRICULTURE

IMPLEMENTATION PLAN

*65:,9=(;065 *6990+69: (5+ 796;,*;,+ (9,(:

TOWN

CROSSROADS

ENABLING INSTITUTIONS

120

Non-Developable Areas Agricultural Typologies Urban edge

FIG 93. NATURAL RESOURCES- KOKSTAD

DOCUMENT PREPARED BY THE CITY THINK SPACE TEAM

Don!t build on areas inappropriate for development

Declare an urban 2 will contain edge Nthat and focus all growth over the next 20 years to promote mediumdensity, mixed-used living rather than urban sprawl

79676:,+ <9)(5 ,+., This is the proposed urban edge beyond which development should not spread. It is informed by the LGHQWLĂ&#x20AC;FDWLRQ RI WKH HOHPHQWV above.

5(;<9(3 9,:6<9*,: 00! 7<)30* 67,5 :7(*,

A multi-purpose that will incorporate a broad variety of uses to ensure that it is used throughout the day and the year. The "Green Heart Park! is conceptualised as a safe, carefully managed and beautiful park.

0U 2VRZ[HK OHZ H ^VYSK JSHZZ T\S[P W\YWVZL WHYR [OH[ H[[YHJ[Z SVJHSZ HUK ]PZP[VYZ

New park at the entrance to Franklin from the Rail Trail.

FRANKLIN

FIG 95. NATURAL RESOURCES - FRANKLIN

Implement a Kokstad and Franklin EcoSchools programme to develop environmental awareness in children and to encourage schools to participate in the management and development of the Kokstad Park.

Develop a multi-purpose park to establish a new green heart for Kokstad, linking communities and providing safe, exciting and active sporting, recreation, entertainment and productive spaces, as well as a haven for biodiversity. EXTENSION 7

MZINTLAVA RIVER

S ER

BAMBAYI

JA ROAD

GCADIN

RE ST

N VE EA

Golf course

S ER

7(::0=, 67,5 :7(*, These are areas that are not formally designated nor maintained as parks, but are publicly accessible through walking and/or biking trails, and are maintained at a basic level through rubbish removal, eradication of alien species, etc., but not fully serviced such as a formal park might be.

Soccer, tennis, rugby, netball, basketball.

4<3;0 7<976:, :769; *,5;9, Maintain views to prominent hills and landforms. HORSESHOE

INFRASTRUCTURE

IMPLEMENTATION PLAN

4<3;0 7<976:, 7(92

SHAYAMOYA

TOWN

+,=,3674,5; 73(5 DEVELOPMENT PLAN

STRATEGY

CROSSROADS

ENABLING INSTITUTIONS

124

BHONGWENI

These are community sports complexes catering to a range of different ages and abilities in a range of different kinds of sports. Children in the community are provided with a safe environment in which to learn, interact and play with others, and are encouraged to be involved in organised sporting activities.

5(;<9(3 NATURAL RESOURCES 9,:6<9*,:

KOKSTAD CENTRAL

5,0./)6<9/66+ (*;0=0;@ 56+,:! 7(92 (5+ 73(@.96<5+ *64765,5;:

Rugby, soccer, tennis.

Parks and playgrounds are located near neighbourhood activity nodes, and linked with green streets and pedestrian and cycling facilities.

Parks Passive open space Multi-Purpose Sports Precinct

AGRICULTURE

Biodiversity Areas Green Streets The Rail Trail

FIG 96. NATURAL RESOURCES- KOKSTAD

DOCUMENT PREPARED BY THE CITY THINK SPACE TEAM

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Neighbourhood activity node - park / playground component

(.90*<3;<9,

CROSSROADS

ENABLING INSTITUTIONS

132

Value of locally produced food sold in a sample of four supermarkets in Rands

Number of locally owned agro-processing businesses registered with the Kokstad Chamber of Commerce

Number of fruit trees in survey area

Value of locally produced food sold in a sample of four supermarkets in Rands

(.90*<3;<9, AGRICULTURE

NATURAL RESOURCES

INFRASTRUCTURE

TOWN

05+0*(;69:

DOCUMENT PREPARED BY THE CITY THINK SPACE TEAM

:;(;<: 8<6 2VRZ[HK»Z LJVUVT` PZ WYPTHYPS` HNYPJ\S[\YHS IHZLK VU SHYNL ZJHSL TPSR TLH[ HUK THPaL WYVK\J[PVU ;OLYL HYL HSZV THU` PUUV]H[P]L ZTHSS ZJHSL WYVQLJ[Z \UKLY^H` /V^L]LY HNYPJ\S[\YL PZ [OYLH[LULK I` JSPTH[L JOHUNL ]VSH[PSL HUK SPTP[LK THYRL[ VW[PVUZ HUK JHWHJP[` JVUZ[YHPU[Z HYV\UK SHIV\Y HUK ZRPSSZ ;OPZ ZLJ[VY PZ ]\SULYHISL [V ¸WLHR LULYN`¹ [OYV\NO YLSPHUJL VU KPZ[HU[ THYRL[Z HUK OPNO PUW\[ MVZZPS M\LS IHZLK MHYTPUN [LJOUPX\LZ ;OL SHJR VM KP]LYZP[` VM JYVW [`WL ZJHSL VM VWLYH[PVU HUK WHY[PJPWH[PVU PUJYLHZLZ [OLZL ]\SULYHIPSP[PLZ HZ KV [OL SPTP[LK VW[PVUZ PU [OL J\YYLU[ MVVK Z`Z[LT ;OL ^VYR JYLH[PVU WV[LU[PHS VM HNYP WYVJLZZPUN PZ \UKLY KL]LSVWLK

>/(; *6<3+ -<;<9, 262:;(+ 3662 302,& -\[\YL 2VRZ[HK OHZ H YLZPSPLU[ KP]LYZL HUK Z[YVUN SVJHS HNYPJ\S[\YHS LJVUVT` [OH[ VMMLYZ KP]LYZL VWWVY[\UP[PLZ MVY HSS ZJHSLZ VM HNYPJ\S[\YHS LU[LYWYPZLZ Z\WWVY[LK I` H Z[YVUN SVJHS MVVK J\S[\YL HUK SVJHS HNYP WYVJLZZPUN I\ZPULZZLZ ;OL YLNPVU PZ H SLHKLY PU HNYP LJVSVNPJHS WYHJ[PJLZ

STRATEGY :;9(;,.@

DEVELOPMENT PLAN

:;(;<: 8<6 (NYPJ\S[\YL PZ KLWLUKLU[ VU SVUN OH\S [YHUZWVY[ MLY[PSPaLYZ HUK WLZ[PJPKLZ THRPUN P[ ]\SULYHISL [V VPS WYPJL PUJYLHZLZ HUK LULYN` ZOVJRZ

TOWN

CROSSROADS

ENABLING INSTITUTIONS

134

INFRASTRUCTURE

PHOTO 31. ARTIFICIAL FERTILISERS AND AGRICULTURAL INPUTS

FIG 104. AGRICULTURE / STATUS QUO / AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES

(.90*<3;<9, AGRICULTURE

NATURAL RESOURCES

:;9(;,.@ 0UUV]H[L HYV\UK TVYL Z\Z[HPUHISL WYVK\J[PVU TL[OVKZ [V TPUPTPZL L_WVZ\YL [V LULYN` YLSH[LK Z\WWS` JOHPU KPZY\W[PVU 0UJLU[P]PZL WYHJ[PJLZ [OH[ Z\WWVY[ ZVPS OLHS[O ^H[LY X\HSP[` HUK H]HPSHIPSP[` HUK IPVKP]LYZP[`

PHOTO 32. PERMACULTURE AGRICULTURE, THAILAND DOCUMENT PREPARED BY THE CITY THINK SPACE TEAM

FIG 105. AGRICULTURE / STRATEGY / AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES

IMPLEMENTATION PLAN

KOKSTAD & FRANKLIN INTEGRATED SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT PLAN

:;(;<: 8<6 -VVK [YH]LSZ MHY IL`VUK 2VRZ[HK MVY WYVJLZZPUN HUK MHY IHJR HNHPU [V IL ZVSK

PHOTO 33. CLOVER MILK TRUCK TAKING MILK TO PIETERMARITZBURG

FIG 106. AGRICULTURE / STATUS QUO / AGRICULTURE SUPPLY CHAINS

:;9(;,.@ 3VJHSPZL HUK KP]LYZPM` WYVK\J[Z HUK WYVJLZZPUN HUK MVZ[LY H Z\Z[HPUHISL MVVK Z`Z[LT [OH[ PUJS\KLZ H SVJHS J\S[\YL VM MVVK

PHOTO 34. LOCAL DAIRY, PRINCE ALBERT

FIG 107. AGRICULTURE / STRATEGY / AGRICULTURAL SUPPLY CHAINS

FINAL STRATEGY, DEVELOPMENT PLAN AND IMPLEMENTATION PLAN REPORT | NOVEMBER 2012

135

STRATEGY :;9(;,.@

ENABLING INSTITUTIONS

:;(;<: 8<6 -VVK PZ WYVK\JLK H[ [^V ZJHSLZ ¶ SHYNL JVTTLYJPHS MHYTZ HUK IHJR`HYK NHYKLUZ (ZWPYHU[ ZTHSS ZJHSL MHYTLYZ HYL L_JS\KLK MYVT [OL THYRL[

DEVELOPMENT PLAN

IMPLEMENTATION PLAN

TOWN

CROSSROADS

136

INFRASTRUCTURE

PHOTO 35. VEGETABLE GARDEN IN KOKSTAD (above), HAZELNUT PLANTATION NEAR FRANKLIN (below)

FIG 108. AGRICULTURE / STATUS QUO / INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS

(.90*<3;<9, AGRICULTURE

NATURAL RESOURCES

:;9(;,.@ +P]LYZPM` ZJHSLZ VM WYVK\J[PVU [V PUJS\KL ZTHSS HUK LTLYNPUN MHYTLYZ

PHOTO 36. KWAXOLO CHICKEN ABATTOIR

DOCUMENT PREPARED BY THE CITY THINK SPACE TEAM

FIG 109. AGRICULTURE / STRATEGY / INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS

137

:;(;<: 8<6 3HIV\YLYZ HUK HZWPYHU[ MHYTLYZ OH]L SP[[SL [V UV HJJLZZ [V ZRPSSZ KL]LSVWTLU[ HUK [YHPUPUN HUK L_PZ[PUN MHJPSP[PLZ KV UV[ [LHJO ULJLZZHY` I\ZPULZZ ZRPSSZ

â&#x20AC;&#x153;A lack of education leads our youth to be farm workers at an early stage of 17 - that is not good. This young guy is a farm workerâ&#x20AC;? - Green Ambassador Blog

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PHOTO 37. OPPORTUNITY AND UPWARD MOBILITY FOR EMERGING FARMERS FINAL STRATEGY, DEVELOPMENT PLAN AND IMPLEMENTATION PLAN REPORT | NOVEMBER 2012

CROSSROADS

ENABLING INSTITUTIONS

138

+,=,3674,5; 73(5 DEVELOPMENT PLAN

STRATEGY

(.90*<3;<9,

( :<0;, 6- (.90*<3;<9(3 796+<*;065 ;@7636.0,:

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These include household gardens, communal gardens and allotments, school gardens and woodlots, food forests, land reform collectives, "eco-villages!, leased smallholdings and various forms of commonage on state owned land and

FRANKLIN

5,0./)6<9/66+ (*;0=0;@ 56+, (.90*<3;<9, *64765,5;

Kokstad Agricultural Research Station.

Training courses at the research station.

INFRASTRUCTURE

Develop a local food supply chain.

(>(9,5,:: ,+<*(;065 (5+ :2033: +,=,3674,5;

SHAYAMOYA Training courses MZINTLAVA RIVER DW 6FLHQWLĂ&#x20AC;F 5RXWHV

EXTENSION 7

(.90 ,5;,9790:, +,=,3674,5; New local agri-enterprises are supported through incubator and accelerator programmes to provide â&#x20AC;&#x153;value-addâ&#x20AC;? to local produce.

BAMBAYI Develop a Kokstad brand. BHONGWENI

HORSESHOE Agrienterprises

KOKSTAD CENTRAL

Agri-enterprises

In addition to the full suite of urban, peri-urban and rural food production and processing, a sustainable food system includes equitable access to nutritious, affordable food and supporting educational programmes.

Develop a Kokstad fresh produce market.

Training courses at the FET college.

:<:;(05()3, -66+ :@:;,4

NATURAL RESOURCES

A network of training centres, apprenticeships and skills development programmes is consolidated into a â&#x20AC;&#x153;Farming for the Futureâ&#x20AC;? College (secondary and tertiary levels) offering world-class accredited training in agro-ecological practices.

Apprenticeship on private farms.

TOWN

KZN Agriculture and Environmental Affairs Conservancy.

These nodes are situated at the entrance points to the town as well as in the different neighbourhoods. They are focal points for civic life, and include a range of agricultural and food security related services, businesses and events.

FIG 110. AGRICULTURE - FRANKLIN

Analyse supply chain vulnerabilities.

Agri-enterprises.

IMPLEMENTATION PLAN

Awareness, education and skills development Agricultural production typologies on privately owned land

(.90*<3;<9, AGRICULTURE

Agricultural production typologies on state owned land Ecologically sensitive agricultural development in special biodiversity areas Biodiversity area Agri-processing nodes

FIG 111. AGRICULTURE - KOKSTAD

DOCUMENT PREPARED BY THE CITY THINK SPACE TEAM

Develop a sustainable food system.

262:;(+ )9(5+ (5+ 36*(3 4(92,;: The Sustainable Kokstad Brand combined with a local food market addresses the need for market outlets for food and other produce that is produces using agro-ecological practices.

148

KOKSTAD & FRANKLIN INTEGRATED SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT PLAN

0473,4,5;(;065 73(5 :@5;/,:0: The following pages give an overall spatial representation of the programmes and projects listed under the implementation plans of the stories. It unpacks how the various projects and SURJUDPPHV Ă&#x20AC;W WRJHWKHU DW D QHLJKERXUKRRG town level.

,5()305. 05:;0;<;065: ,5()305. 05:;0;<;065(3 05;,9=,5;065: 796.9(44, A) ISDP: Programme Management Unit B) Close The Institutional Loops C) GKM Capacity Building D) Municipal Infrastructure Maintenance & Management Initiative E) Climate Change Mitigation & Adaptation Strategies F) Green Ambassador Programme G) Partnerships for Sustainability & Low Carbon Economy Initiative

DOCUMENT PREPARED BY THE CITY THINK SPACE TEAM

*96::96(+:

;6>5

05-9(:;9<*;<9,

>(;,9:/,+ 05=,:;4,5; 796.9(44,

7<)30* :7(*, :;9,,; -(*030;@ 05=,:;4,5; 796.9(44,

05;,.9(;,+ >(:;, 4(5(.,4,5; 796.9(44,

67,5 :7(*, :,9=0*,: 796.9(44,

A) Kokstad Tourism Promotion & Capacity Building

A1) Neighbourhood Activity Nodes: Public Space Upgrade

A) Pilot Recycling Programme

A1) Green Heart Park: Design And Management

B1) Kokstad & Franklin Rail-Trail: Rail-Trail / Rail-Bike Tourism B2) Kokstad & Franklin Rail-Trail: Biathlon / Triathlon B3) Kokstad & Franklin Rail-Trail: Railway Station Heritage Precincts Upgrading C1) Franklin Wetlands: Restoring the Natural Capital C2) Franklin Wetlands: Optimisation of Ecosystem Services

36*(30:,+ ,*6564@ 796.9(44, A) Review Existing Led Plan B) Support for Green Economy C) Kokstad Marketing Board D) Community Based Micro-Utilities Services Enterprises-Feasibility Study E) Agro-Processing Plant F) Kokstad Community Sports Agency G) Open Collaborative Manufacturing H) Skills Development I) Community Development Centres (Pilot at Mount Currie Community Centre) J) Bhongweni Light Industrial Park K) Youth for The Future L) Eco-Industrial Park

A2) Neighbourhood Activity Nodes: Social Facilities Provision Plan B1) Urban Area Upgrading: Main Street And Retail / Commercial Zones

B2) IWF: Waste Exchange Facility B3) IWF: Regional Bio-Solids Processing Plant

C) Public Transport D) Creating New Road Linkages

>(;,9 *@*3, 4(5(.,4,5; 796.9(44,

E) Setting Up A Bicycle Empowerment Centre

A) Suds Roll-Out & Subsidising Projects

:,;;3,4,5; 9,:765:, 796.9(44,

B1) Waste Water Treatment: Sewage Pre-Treatment

A1) New Mixed Use Neighbourhoods: R56 Pilot Integrated Sustainable Settlement Project

B2) Waste Water Treatment: Constructed Wetland

A3) New Mixed Use Neighbourhoods: Current Approved Projects or Projects In Planning B1) Rental Housing Programme: Private Rental Developments B2) Rental Housing Programme: Social Housing Project B3) Rental Housing Programme: Community Residential Project

O) Job Linkage Centre

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C) Town-Wide Waste Characterisation

(.90*<3;<9, Â¸-(9405. -69 ;/, -<;<9,Âš :<:;(05()3, -66+ :@:;,4 796.9(44, A) Agri-Enterprise Incubator Project

A2) Green Heart Park: Multi-Purpose Sports Complex

B) Neighbourhood Scale Nodes â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Food System Aspect

A3) Green Heart Park: Biodiversity Management Plan

C) â&#x20AC;&#x153;Farming For The Futureâ&#x20AC;? College

B) Neighbourhood Park

E) School Food Garden And Woodlot Project

B4) IWF: Regional Composting Plant B5) IWF: Hazardous Waste Facility

N) Local Currency

M) Small Business Support Programme

B1) IWF: Materials Recovery Facility

B2) Urban Area Upgrading: Sustainable Streets Project

A2) New Mixed Use Neighbourhoods: New IRDP

5(;<9(3 9,:6<9*,:

/ Playground Upgrade

D) Local Produce Market

F) â&#x20AC;&#x153;Smallholding For Resilienceâ&#x20AC;? Project G) Allotment Project H) Community Permaculture Research, Development & Training Farm

B3) Waste Water Treatment: 7UHDWHG (IĂ XHQW 5HXVH & :DWHU (IĂ&#x20AC;FLHQF\ &DPSDLJQ D) Fix Leaks In Shayamoya Township

,5,9.@ 796.9(44, $ (QHUJ\ (IĂ&#x20AC;FLHQF\ 5HWURĂ&#x20AC;W 3URMHFW (Green Economy) B) Biomass Power Co-Generation C) Solar Power (Roofs) D) Solar Power (Farm) E) Biogas Power Co-Generation

.9,,5 )<03+05. 796.9(44, A1) Kokstad Green Building Materials: Business Network A2) Kokstad Green Building Materials: Skills Development Initiative B) Public Spaces & New Settlement Green Building Project FINAL STRATEGY, DEVELOPMENT PLAN AND IMPLEMENTATION PLAN REPORT | NOVEMBER 2012

149

KOKSTAD & FRANKLIN INTEGRATED SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT PLAN

[4] PUBLIC SPACE, STREET & FACILITY INVESTMENT PROGRAMME (B2) URBAN AREA UPGRADING: SUSTAINABLE STREETS PROJECT

[6] INTEGRATED WASTE PROGRAMME (A) PILOT RECYCLING PROJECT [7] WATER CYCLE MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME (B3) WASTE WATER TREATMENT: TREATED EFFLUENT RE-USE

[4] PUBLIC SPACE, STREET & FACILITY INVESTMENT PROGRAMME B1) URBAN AREA UPGRADING: MAIN STREET AND RETAIL / COMMERCIAL ZONES

[5] SETTLEMENT RESPONSE PROGRAMME (B1) RENTAL HOUSING PROGRAMME: R56 PILOT INTEGRATED SUSTAINABLE SETTLEMENT PROJECT [4] PUBLIC SPACE, STREET & FACILITY INVESTMENT PROGRAMME (C) PUBLIC TRANSPORT PROJECT

[5] SETTLEMENT RESPONSE PROGRAMME (A1) NEW MIXED USE NEIGHBOURHOODS: R56 PILOT INTEGRATED SUSTAINABLE SETTLEMENT PROJECT

[2] LOCALISED ECONOMY PROGRAMME (C) KOKSTAD MARKETING BOARD

[7] WATER CYCLE MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME (B2) WASTE WATER TREATMENT: CONSTRUCTED WETLAND

[3] GREEN BUILDING PROGRAMME (A2) KOKSTAD GREEN BUILDING MATERIALS: SKILLS DEVELOPMENT INITIATIVE

[6] INTEGRATED WASTE PROGRAMME (B3) MRF: REGIONAL BIO-SOLIDS PROCESSING PLANT (B4) MRF: REGIONAL COMPOSTING PLANT

[2] LOCALISED ECONOMY PROGRAMME (A) REVIEW EXISTING LED PLAN

[6] INTEGRATED WASTE PROGRAMME (B1) MRF: MATERIALS RECOVERY FACILITY (B2) MRF: WASTE EXCHANGE FACILITY (B5) MRF: HAZARDOUS WASTE FACILITY

[2] LOCALISED ECONOMY PROGRAMME (H) SKILLS DEVELOPMENT

[10] “FARMING FOR THE FUTURE” & SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEM PROGRAMME (D) LOCAL PRODUCE MARKET

[6] INTEGRATED WASTE PROGRAMME (C) TOWN-WIDE WASTE CHARACTERISATION

[2] LOCALISED ECONOMY PROGRAMME (N) LOCAL CURRENCY

[8] ENERGY PROGRAMME (D) 10MW SOLAR ELECTRICITY FARM [2] ENERGY PROGRAMME (E) BIOGAS POWER CO-GENERATION

[2] WATERSHED INVESTMENT PROGRAMME (E) KOKSTAD TOURISM PROMOTION & CAPACITY BUILDING

[5] SETTLEMENT RESPONSE PROGRAMME (A3) NEW MIXED USE NEIGHBOURHOODS: CURRENT APPROVED PROJECTS OR PROJECTS IN PLANNING

[2] LOCALISED ECONOMY (B) SUPPORT FOR GREEN ECONOMY

[2] LOCALISED ECONOMY PROGRAMME (L) ECO-INDUSTRIAL PARK

[8] ENERGY PROGRAMME (C) SOLAR POWER (ROOFS)

[3] GREEN BUILDING PROGRAMME (A1) KOKSTAD GREEN BUILDING MATERIALS: BUSINESS NETWORK

FINAL STRATEGY, DEVELOPMENT PLAN AND IMPLEMENTATION PLAN REPORT | NOVEMBER 2012

151

KOKSTAD & FRANKLIN INTEGRATED SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT PLAN

[2] LOCALISED ECONOMY PROGRAMME (E) AGRO-PROCESSING PLANT

[5] SETTLEMENT RESPONSE PROGRAMME (A2) NEW MIXED USE NEIGHBOURHOODS: NEW IRDP

[7] WATER CYCLE MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME (D) FIX LEAKS IN SHAYAMOYA

[10] “FARMING FOR THE FUTURE” & SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEM PROGRAMME (C) “FARMING FOR THE FUTURE” COLLEGE

[9] OPEN SPACE SERVICES PROGRAMME (B) NEIGHBOURHOOD PARK / PLAYGROUND UPGRADE

[2] LOCALISED ECONOMY PROGRAMME (I) COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT CENTRES (PILOT AT MOUNT CURRIE COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT CENTRE)

[2] LOCALISED ECONOMY PROGRAMME (G) OPEN COLLABORATIVE MANUFACTURING

[10] “FARMING FOR THE FUTURE” & SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEM PROGRAMME (H) COMMUNITY PERMACULTURE RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT & TRAINING FARM [2] LOCALISED ECONOMY PROGRAMME (D) COMMUNITY BASED MICRO-UTILITIES ENTERPRISES

[2] LOCALISED ECONOMY PROGRAMME (K) YOUTH FOR THE FUTURE [4] PUBLIC SPACE, STREETS & FACILITY INVESTMENT PROGRAMME (E) SETTING UP A BICYCLE EMPOWERMENT CENTRE [2] LOCALISED ECONOMY PROGRAMME (F) KOKSTAD COMMUNITY SPORTS AGENCY

[9] OPEN SPACE SERVICES PROGRAMME (A1) GREEN HEART PARK: DESIGN & MANAGEMENT [9] OPEN SPACE SERVICES PROGRAMME (A2) GREEN HEART PARK: MULTI-PURPOSE SPORTS CENTRE [8] ENERGY PROGRAMME (A) ENERGY EFFICIENCY RETROFIT PROJECT [9] OPEN SPACE SERVICES PROGRAMME (A3) GREEN HEART PARK: BIODIVERSITY MANAGEMENT PLAN [3] GREEN BUILDING PROGRAMME (B) PUBLIC SPACES AND NEW SETTLEMENT GREEN BUILDING PROJECT

[2] LOCALISED ECONOMY PROGRAMME (M) SMALL BUSINESS SUPPORT PROGRAMME

[10] “FARMING FOR THE FUTURE” & SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEM PROGRAMME (E) SCHOOL FOOD GARDEN & WOODLOT PROJECT

[7] WATER CYCLE MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME (A) SUDS ROLL OUT AND SUBSIDISING PROJECT [2] LOCALISED ECONOMY PROGRAMME (J) BHONGWENI LIGHT INDUSTRIAL PARK

[5] SETTLEMENT RESPONSE PROGRAMME (B2) RENTAL HOUSING PROGRAMME: SOCIAL HOUSING PROJECT

[4] PUBLIC SPACE, STREETS & FACILITY INVESTMENT PROGRAMME (D) CREATING NEW ROAD LINKAGES

[5] SETTLEMENT RESPONSE PROGRAMME (B3) RENTAL HOUSING PROGRAMME: COMMUNITY RESIDENTIAL UNIT

FINAL STRATEGY, DEVELOPMENT PLAN AND IMPLEMENTATION PLAN REPORT | NOVEMBER 2012

153

KOKSTAD & FRANKLIN INTEGRATED SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT PLAN

[4] PUBLIC SPACE, STREET & FACILITY INVESTMENT PROGRAMME (A1) NEIGHBOURHOOD ACTIVITY NODES: PUBLIC SPACE UPGRADE

[4] PUBLIC SPACE, STREET & FACILITY INVESTMENT PROGRAMME (A2) NEIGHBOURHOOD ACTIVITY NODES: SOCIAL FACILITIES PROVISION PLAN [8] ENERGY PROGRAMME (B) BIOMASS POWER CO-GENERATION [10] “FARMING FOR THE FUTURE” & SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEM PROGRAMME (F) “SMALLHOLDING FOR RESILIENCE” PROJECT

[7] WATER CYCLE MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME (B1) WASTE WATER TREATMENT: SEWAGE PRE-TREATMENT

[7] WATER CYCLE MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME (C) WATER EFFICIENCY CAMPAIGN

[1] WATERSHED INVESTMENT PROGRAMME (B3) KOKSTAD & FRANKLIN RAIL-TRAIL: RAILWAY STATION HERITAGE PRECINCT UPGRADING

[10] “FARMING FOR THE FUTURE” & SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEM PROGRAMME (B) NEIGHBOURHOOD SCALE NODES - FOOD SYSTEM ASPECT

[10] “FARMING FOR THE FUTURE” & SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEM PROGRAMME (A) AGRI-ENTERPRISE INCUBATOR PROJECT

[10] “FARMING FOR THE FUTURE” & SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEM PROGRAMME (G) ALLOTMENT PROJECT

[1] WATERSHED INVESTMENT PROGRAMME (B2) KOKSTAD & FRANKLIN RAIL-TRAIL: BIATHLON / TRIATHLON

[1] WATERSHED INVESTMENT PROGRAMME (C2) FRANKLIN WETLANDS: OPTIMISATION OF ECOSYSTEM SERVICES

[1] WATERSHED INVESTMENT PROGRAMME (C1) FRANKLIN WETLANDS: RESTORING THE NATURAL CAPITAL

[1] WATERSHED INVESTMENT PROGRAMME (B1) KOKSTAD & FRANKLIN RAIL-TRAIL: RAIL-TRAIL / RAIL-BIKE TOURISM

FINAL STRATEGY, DEVELOPMENT PLAN AND IMPLEMENTATION PLAN REPORT | NOVEMBER 2012

155

158

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$V SDUW RI UHĂ&#x20AC;QLQJ WKH RYHUDOO GHVLJQ RI WKH ,QWHJUDWHG Sustainable Development Programme and ensuring its integration into the GKM!s Strategic and Performance 3ODQV WR FOHDUO\ GHĂ&#x20AC;QH PRQLWRULQJ DQG HYDOXDWLRQ UROHV DQG responsibilities. Also to gather the baseline data against which future performance will be assessed.

Make use of the information generated by the Sustainability Survey and reported upon in Kokstad!s Annual Sustainability Report to inform planning and programme decisions made by the GKM.

(YHU\ Ă&#x20AC;IWK \HDU WKH *.0 ZLOO HYDOXDWH LWV RZQ SHUIRUPDQFH in implementing the ISDP and the progress it has made. The purpose of the evaluation is to identify what needs to be done to improve GKM performance and what strategic shifts and adjustments need to be made to the Plan.

Design and implementation of the Sustainability Survey and release of the inception Sustainability Report

Ongoing implementation of the Survey and preparation of the Report in time for their utilisation in strategic and programme planning.

Â&#x2021;

Contracting an evaluation service provider to undertake the evaluation;

Â&#x2021;

Supporting them in their implementation of the evaluation;

Â&#x2021;

Receiving and making use of the recommendations contained in their report.

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7<976:,

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Â&#x2021;

Sustainability Survey

Â&#x2021;

Baseline Annual Sustainability Report

Â&#x2021;

Development of the Sustainability Survey instrument: Contracted out?

Â&#x2021;

Implementation of the Survey: Green Ambassadors

Â&#x2021;

Preparation of Kokstad!s Annual Sustainability Report: 63 ,*5 RIĂ&#x20AC;FH

DOCUMENT PREPARED BY THE CITY THINK SPACE TEAM

Preparation and release of Kokstad!s Annual Sustainability Report and its dissemination and use in IDP, strategic and programme planning processes.

â&#x20AC;&#x153;A report on an evaluation of the GKM!s implementation of its Integrated Sustainable Development Planâ&#x20AC;?

Â&#x2021;

Implementation of the Survey: Green Ambassadors

Â&#x2021;

&RQWUDFWLQJ DQG SURFXUHPHQW E\ WKH 63 ,*5 RIĂ&#x20AC;FH

Â&#x2021;

Preparation of Kokstad!s Annual Sustainability Report: 63 ,*5 RIĂ&#x20AC;FH

Â&#x2021;

Implementation: Specially contracted service provider.

Â&#x2021;

Utilisation: To be determined.

159

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Value of locally produced building materials in Rand

Sustainability Survey

Percentage of people who take pride in their town in survey area

Sustainability Survey

Percentage of household expenditure spent on transport

Sustainability Survey

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General Household Survey TBC

SAPS administrative data Planning approvals Sustainability Survey

Average monthly rental / average house prices as a proportion of household income Reduction in proportion of households dependent on social grants

Reduction in crime, especially violent crime

Future Kokstad and Franklin are attractive, well managed, affordable, socially vibrant and integrated places. They are built on a shared sense of pride and identity and their many attractive natural, rural, heritage and built qualities and landmarks are celebrated. Cultural diversity is valued and celebrated.

Number of local recreation and entertainment options "Completeness! of streets in survey area according to street survey checklist Gross base density (du/ha)

Sustainability Survey

Presence of a compatible mix of uses and activities in survey area / accessibility of a range of social facilities

Sustainability Survey

Presence of litter

TBC Sustainability Survey

Green Drop Report

Response time to respond to complaints about litter, dumping, potholes, broken street lights, leaking water Mix of unit types in survey area

Green drop score Number of litres of water used per person per day

Blue Drop Report

Organic load on WWTW

/DQGÀOO GDWD Green Drop Report

Future Kokstad!s strategies of reducing demand, re-using and recycling have paid off and the town!s energy, water and waste systems set the national benchmark. Dependence on Eskom has been cut and the towns run on green and renewable energy. These all increase the affordability of doing business and have reduced pollution of the natural environment.

kWh of energy produced from biogas vs total energy demand .J RI ZDVWH SHU SHUVRQ JRLQJ WR ODQGÀOO Water quality compliance of river downstream of town

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Electricity billing data

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Valuation roll

Future Kokstad has a vibrant and resilient, low carbon economy that has built independence from expensive fossil fuel-based energy. It is an attractive, affordable place to live and work, with D VNLOOHG SRSXODWLRQ DQG HIÀFLHQW SXEOLF WUDQVSRUW connections to and from the broader region.

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Sustainability Survey

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Ratio of renewable versus non-renewable energy used in Kokstad

TBC Property valuation roll

Future Kokstad and Franklin protect and appreciate the functional, cultural, spiritual and economic value of the natural landscape. The many crucial roles of natural resources are maintained and enhanced through responsible management and protection. The towns do not use more than can be regenerated, and wilderness areas that serve the needs of their

Number of square metres of public managed park space per person Number of hectares of protected biodiversity areas in GKM Condition of wetlands / rivers / grasslands Value / desirability of properties facing onto public open spaces

Sustainability Survey

Number of households in the survey area that make use of public parks and playgrounds

Annual questionnaire

Value of locally produced food sold in a sample of four supermarkets in Rands

Sustainability Survey LED Department

Number of locally owned agro-processing businesses registered with the Kokstad Chamber of Commerce Number of fruit trees in survey area Value of locally produced food sold in a sample of four supermarkets in Rands

Future Kokstad has a resilient, diverse and strong local agricultural economy that offers diverse opportunities for all scales of agricultural enterprises, supported by a strong local food culture, and local agri-processing businesses. The region is a leader in agri-ecological practices.

FINAL STRATEGY, DEVELOPMENT PLAN AND IMPLEMENTATION PLAN REPORT | NOVEMBER 2012

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Chamber of Commerce membership

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Spatial Planning Department data: Land use register Spatial Planning Department data: Land use register

KOKSTAD & FRANKLIN INTEGRATED SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT PLAN

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FIG 119. DEVELOPMENT PLAN - FRANKLIN

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Parks Peri-Urban Agricultural Typologies Biodiversity Areas and Passive Recreational Areas

FIG 120. DEVELOPMENT PLAN - KOKSTAD

DOCUMENT PREPARED BY THE CITY THINK SPACE TEAM

FIG 121. KOKSTAD DEVELOPMENT PLAN - PERSPECTIVE

161

*65*3<:065 (5+ >(@ -69>(9+ The ISDP provides a coherent set of strategies, development proposals and frameworks for implementation of the ISDP Stories. The implementation programmes provide a basis for short, medium and long-term action while the Institutional Story outlines the key governance and evaluation foundations required to enable and sustain this implementation. To ensure the implementation of the proposals and projects outlined in the ISDP, a number of coordination, alignment, communication and implementation actions are required. The immediate next steps in these areas are highlighted here.

The success of the plan will depend on the extent to which the GKM can build constructive and effective partnerships with other spheres of government, parastatals and civil society. The GKM can achieve this through: Â&#x2021;

Â&#x2021;

Considering the establishment of a GKM Youth Council to develop leadership capacity and provide a voice for the youth in the management of the GKM.

Â&#x2021;

Expanding and sustaining the Green Ambassadors Programme.

(+67;065 7KH Ă&#x20AC;UVW VWHS LQ LPSOHPHQWDWLRQ LV WKH DGRSWLRQ RI WKH ,6'3 DV WKH guiding policy document for integrated sustainable development in Kokstad and Franklin (and the application of the development principles to the remaining settlements / towns in the GKM). The role and lifespan of the various components of the ISDP must be understood and reviewed in relation to the statutory instruments, policies and plans of the GKM. These life spans, relationships and roles are summarised in diagram opposite.

(30.54,5; (5+ 9,=0,> The ISDP took into account existing GKM, Sisonke and Provincial policies and plans but has also made proposals that will require that some aspects of these plans are revised and updated. The IROORZLQJ ZLOO QHHG WR EH XQGHUWDNHQ DV Ă&#x20AC;UVW VWHSV Â&#x2021;

Â&#x2021;

RQĂ&#x20AC;UP SODQV DQG SURMHFWV SURSRVHG LQ WKH ,6'3 DQG Ă&#x20AC;QDOLVH & the Implementation Framework after internal departmental review; Review current GKM, Sisonke and KZN Provincial programmes and projects in terms of ISDP objectives, plans and projects and minimize or stop contradictory projects;

Â&#x2021;

Revise the IDP, SDF, LED and Housing Sector Plans to incorporate the key principles and projects proposed in the ISDP;

Â&#x2021;

Review projects, policies and programmes and prioritise the projects proposed in the implementation programmes; and

Â&#x2021;

Revise and update the zoning scheme to align with the ISDP.

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Establishing an ISDP Stakeholder Forum including other spheres of government, civil society and agencies critical to the implementation of the ISDP. To limit duplication and overburdening key partners, this could be an expansion of an existing IDP or LED Forum.

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:;(;<: 8<6 9,=0,> ,=,9@ @,(9: Provides baseline (needs to be expanded to whole GKM).

365. ;,94 :;9(;,.0,: Âś @,(9 30-, :7(5 Remains in place to provide long-term guidance.

*644<50*(;065 A number of engagement processes informed the preparation of the ISDP, however these were limited by logistical and programming constraints. Wider and sustained communication of the ideas and proposals is essential to build consensus and support for the ISDP over the long term. Key instruments in this include providing and disseminating the ISDP proposals on the GKM website, advertisement in the print and digital media, the maintenance of the Sustainable Kokstad Facebook page and the inclusion of the ISDP ideas in the IDP roadshows.

.6=,95(5*,! *669+05(;065 (5+ 4650;6905. Embedding the ISDP into the management and everyday business of the GKM is essential to achieving many of the ambitious aims of the plan. Key actions include: Â&#x2021;

The appointment or nomination of an ISDP coordinator

Â&#x2021;

Establish an ISDP Management Coordination committee

Â&#x2021;

Assign custodianship of each of the Stories of the ISDP to a GKM Department Head

+,=,3674,5; 73(5 79676:(3: 9,=0,> ,=,9@ @,(9: Foundation for new SDF (expanded to GKM).

0473,4,5;(;065 73(5 9,=0,> (55<(33@ Programmes and projects (institutional responsibilities revived & align with IDP).

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Integrate with IDP targets & performance management.

While the governance and monitoring systems are put in place, it is important that the momentum of the ISDP is sustained, and that stakeholders start to see real outcomes. The immediate implementation of a few high-impact pilot projects can start to demonstrate visible results of the plan as well as test some of the principles and plans. A number of funded projects have been included in the implementation programmes and these would be ideal pilot or demonstration projects.

.9,,5 (4)(::(+69: 796.9(44, )36. 0:+7 -(*,)662 7(.,

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Ongoing engagement with stakeholders.

FINAL STRATEGY, DEVELOPMENT PLAN AND IMPLEMENTATION PLAN REPORT | NOVEMBER 2012