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The Great Disconnect

ÂŠ Bill Barron 2009

ISBN 978-988-17507-3-0 Typeset in Lucida Bright by Thanh Nguyen Cover design by Jonas Chau

Published by: The Institute for the Environment Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong ienv.ust.hk and Civic Exchange Room 701, Hoseinee House 69 Wyndham Street, Central, Hong Kong www.civic-exchange.org

Printed and bound in Hong Kong by Regal Printing

First printing 2009

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher.

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THE GREAT DISCONNECT

Chapters IV through VIII consider possible responses to the sustainability challenges. To wrap up Chapter I, Figure 1 provides a summary illustration of the major pressures on the planet and the resulting challenges to the sustainability of the current development path. PRESSURES AVERAGE CONSUMPTION

POPULATION DEMANDS ON RESOURCE BASE

STRAINING PLANETARY RESOURCE LIMITS

Mineral

[ Wild Card ]

PANDEMIC

CLIMATE CHANGE

(e.g. bird flu)

Biological

Near-Term Long-Term signal vs. noise?

embedded changes

Sudden, highly disruptive, but temporary

CHALLENGES TO SUSTAINABILITY OF CURRENT DEVELOPMENT PATH FIGURE 1: PRESSURES AND CHALLENGES

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CHAPTER VIII —FITTING THE PIECES TOGETHER

•

a willingness to take on and keep to a longer term perspective (i.e. with respect to the rights of future generations);

•

acknowledging more fully humankind ’s dependence on the natural world along with a greater appreciation of the importance of non-human life forms; and

•

the ability to make more out of less. CHALLENGES TO SUSTAINABILITY

RESPONSES

MARKETLED

GOVERNMENTLED

Harnessing Market Forces

Strong Role for National Governments & International Cooperation

• Technical fixes

• Internalize external costs, beginning with a carbon tax or permitting system

• Rebalancing material / non-material in assessing quality of life

• Protecting rights of future generations (e.g. via limits to discounting)

• Thrift, efficiency & the social contract

• Market price adjustments • Green business practices & consumerism

VALUESDRIVEN

Cultural Shift

• The media and civil society play key roles

FIGURE 2: A FRAMEWORK FOR CONSIDERING RESPONSES

This figure brings together this book ’s major points regarding the ways we might respond to the sustainability challenges to our current way of life.

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but... urgency for radically changing the way we use resources and emit wastes and so many of us lead ... and so many more aspire to. It is as if the two sides live on diﬀerent planets. — The world economy is increasingly geared to throughput,

unlimited. • Governments see a slowing of the throughput as a crisis. Our

— This book lays out in clear language the challenges to the sustainability of the current economic system. It then considers possible market, government, and values-driven responses.

The INSTITUTE FOR THE ENVIRONMENT OF HONG KONG UNIVERSITY OF focusing on sustainable development (with special emphasis on Hong

CIVIC EXCHANGE is a Hong Kong–based independent public policy think tank addressing issues in energy, environment, climate change, urban