The Biosphere Let’s start study the living things!
1r ESO – 2n trimestre
What is a living thing ? All living things from Earth form the BIOSPHERE Living things are made of ORGANIC MATTER Lipids (energy reserve) Sugars (provide energy) ProteĂŻns (structural function) DNA (transfer genetic information) MOST Non- Living things are made of INORGANIC MATTER Water Mineral Salts
What is a living thing ? Living thing or non-living thing?
What is a living thing ? Living thing or non-living thing?
What is a living thing ? Living thing or non-living thing?
What is a living thing ? Living thing or non-living thing?
What is a living thing ? Living thing or non-living thing?
What is a living thing ? Living thing or non-living thing?
What is a living thing ? Living thing or non-living thing?
What is a living thing ? Living thing or non-living thing?
What is a living thing ? Living thing or non-living thing?
What is a living thing ? Living thing or non-living thing?
What is a living thing ? All living things have 3 things in common: 1. Similar chemical composition 2. They are all made up of CELLS Unicellular
Multicellular
What is a living thing ? All living things have this in common: 3. Three main life functions – Nutrition – Interaction – Reproduction
LIFE FUNCTIONS : Nutrition NUTRITION: Processes that help living things to obtain energy and matter USE
PRODUCE/OBTAIN
EXAMPLES
ENERGY from the sun
AUTOTROPHS (generate their own food)
HETEROTROPHS (feed on other living things)
(photosynthesis) or chemical reactions (chemosynthesis)
+ INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC MATTER from other living things
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS (their food)
Plants Algae Bacteria
(that will give them energy)
ENERGY for living
Animals Fungi Many microorganisms
LIFE FUNCTIONS : Nutrition AUTOTROPH NUTRITION
PHOTOSYNTHESIS Inorganic matter + Sun Energy Organic compounds (their food)
Chloroplast Sun energy
CO2 + H2O Carbon dioxide
+ Water
Glucose (C6H12O6) + O2 Carbohydrate (organic compound)
+ Oxygen
LIFE FUNCTIONS: Nutrition HETEROTROPHS and AUTOTROPHS
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
Mitochondria Organic compounds + OXYGEN Inorganic compounds + ENERGY
Glucose (C6H12O6) + O2 Carbohydrate (organic compound)
+ Oxygen
CO2 + H2O ENERGY Carbon dioxide
+ Water
LIFE FUNCTIONS INTERACTION:
Enables living things to interact with other living things and their environment. EXAMPLES:
• • • •
Running away from a predator Plants growing looking for sunlight When you close your eyes looking at the sun When birds eat insects from animals skin
LIFE FUNCTIONS : Interaction What type of interaction is this?
1. Write the names of this two species (common name and scientific name): 2. Investigate about their relationship: How do they help each other? 3. How do we call this interaction?
LIFE FUNCTIONS REPRODUCTION:
Process by which living things produce new individuals or offspring. 2 gametes (reproductive
SEXUAL
Types of reproduction:
ASEXUAL New individuals identicals to their parents (ex: CELLULLAR DIVISION unicellular or FISSION multicellular)
cells) (female + male) join. The descendent has features of both parents but it is not identical.