Ryerson University Final Technical Project by ClaranceDsilva

The Office Building HEAVY TIMBER CONSTRUCTION IPLAN COHORT 20 - FINAL PROJECT

GROUP 4

Amira Youssef Clarance Dâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;silva Jose Cheriyanirappil Shayan Abrishami Sophia Ouakrim

Contents

INTRODUCTION

page 2

General Project BackgrounD

page 4

Ontario Building Code

page 7

Materials & Methods

page 12

Bim / Revit

page 17

Conclusion

page 22

Appendix

page 24

INTRODUCTION

INTRODUCTION Sophia Ouakrim Project Lead OBC Consultant

WHO WE ARE This team is the fruit of the unity of five internationally-trained architects participating in IPLAN Cohort 20, a bridging program provided by JVS Toronto and Ryerson University. Amira Youssef OBC Lead LEED AP Designer

Jose (Cheri) Cheriyanirappil Materials & Methods Lead

Our cultural diversity is our strength. The different experiences collected from Morocco, Egypt, India, and Iran, enhanced with the knowledge gained in Ontario Building Code (OBC), Materials and Methods, and Revit/BIM classes, allowed us to take on the challenge of the building design of the final assignment. Each member of the team was the main lead of a section to fulfill the required tasks and responsibilities. However, each worked in close collaboration with each other. This report is the result of strong teamwork skills. Face to face and online meetings, communication, respect of deadlines, research, analysis, and providing support to each other were keys to the completion of this mission.

BRIEF Clarance Dâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;silva Materials & Methods Lead BIM Coordinator

Mohammadhossein Abrishami (Shayan) BIM Lead Designer

Ryerson University had the project of expanding its campus by creating a new office building on Gerrad Street. The main challenge was to comply with the scope while using wood construction. However, the erection of a heavy timber office building had several challenges t that we were able to deal with as a result of Materials and Methods course. On the other hand, the building code analysis also had an important impact on the final design decisions. In order to increase productivity and satisfy employee and business needs, different amenities were provided, such as a dining area, fitness center, TV/game room, lounge and study areas. The building complies with OBC, and has a LEED Silver Rating.

INTRODUCTION

APPROACH AND OVERVIEW This report is the result of collaborative worked where members work closely and contributed equally to differents aspects of the project. The design was performed in 6 stages by a team of 5 members. The first step was to undertake a complete site analysis in an effort to get a better understanding of the surrounding environment. Then a building model was created. This was followed by some brainstorming sessions to agree on the design guidelines. Thereupon, evaluating building code compliance based on latest building regulations was undertaken, in parallel with analyzing the materials and methods of construction used in the building. Then, all this information was implemented in the 3D model on Revit. The last step was to prepare a presentation to demonstrate the study along with an elaborate conclusion.

WORK STRATEGY & TIMELINE

Table 1 - Project Management Chart

GENERAL PROJECT BACKGROUND

GENERAL PROJECT BACKGROUND 2.1 Site and Urban Context The site is located at the intersection of 101 Gerrard Street East and 111 Mutual Street East, in downtown Toronto. It also shares 6m width streets with the adjacent building to the South and East, which allows it to be accessible from all facades. There are two existing buildings presently on the site. However, it will be considered vacant for the purpose of the assignment. The setbacks of the plot are 3m on the south, 2m each on the east and the north and 1m on the west.

Image 2.1.1 - Site Location

The neighborhood is predominantly commercial and residential with medium and high-rise buildings. The site has an interesting opening from the south, facing towards a green area and a view on the church from the north-east angle.

Image 2.1.2 - View of the Church

Image 2.1.3 - View of the Site

The design of the building has taken into consideration all these surrounding elements, in terms of openings and lighting.

Fig. 2.1.4 - Site Analysis

GENERAL PROJECT BACKGROUND

2.2 Envelope Design Concept The team wanted to break the monotony of a simpler glass faรงade by designing with sharper angles and precise angular faces of the building. By directionally stretching the cuboidal form of the structure at the North face and cleaving out the space for the exterior attached staircase, a base form was developed. Furthermore, the elemental 3D glass curtain wall elements were added to the North faรงade which also enveloped towards the West to braise the cleaved-out staircase. The warmth of the mass timber elements contrasts the cold protective look of the faรงade and gives a convoluted feel to the space as a whole. This final Miesian form sharply contrasts the promenade to strike a sense of awe and magnetism to the neighbourhood.

Image 2.2 - Design Process

GENERAL PROJECT BACKGROUND

6 2.3 Functional Space Program

4th, 5th, 6th floor plan

- Open office plan on the main facade - Closed offices on the east and south - Meeting rooms and common areas are around the core - IT center / Resource center and Study center are distributed in the third floors

3rd floor plan

- Open and closed office - Conference room

2nd floor plan

- Dining and Fitne s areas are provided for the office users - Multi-faith room / Amenity spaces / Lounge

Ground floor plan

- 500 m2 Retail. The larger one is located on the north facing as itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s the most widely used. It will bring more client and revenue to the owners. - Interconnected floors with a dramatic feature stairs are designed in the entrance -Loading area connected to both retail spaces. -Car lift

1st basement plan

- Storage areas - Telecom room - 150 m2 bicycle storage - 6 accessible parking spots

Typical

- Storage areas - 27 parking spots per floor

basement

ONTARIO BUILDING CODE

ONTARIO BUILDING CODE Introduction

The office building has been designed in compliance with the latest version of the Ontario Building Code (2012 with amendments up to Jan 1, 2020). In order to meet certain requirements in OBC, the client’s program has been subjected to few modifications. In this section, detailed explanations will be provided regarding these alterations.

3.1 General Description OBC Application: Div. A, Part 1 - Div. B, Part 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 12 - Div. C Building Occupancies: -Ref. 3.1.2.1.• Major occupancy: Goup D, Business and Personal Services • Subsidiary occupancies: A2 for Dinning and Kitchen, F3 for Storage, and E for Retail Site Area: 1251 m2 Building Area: 1016 m2 Gross Area: 6063 m2 (since the net area is 80%) Building Height: 6 Storeys Building Classification: -Ref. 3.2.2The building is classified as 3.2.2.50A Group D up to 6 Storeys, Sprinklered, Combustible Construction • Up to 6 storeys - not more than 18m • Maximum building area 3000 m2 • Floor shall be a Fire Separation (FS) with a Fire Resistance Rating (FRR) not less than 1h • Roof shall have a FRR not less than 1h • Loadbearing walls, columns and arches: FRR not less than that of the supported assembly • Group A2, E and storage garage should be below the 3rd storey • Fire separation of exits described in Sentence. 3.4.4.1.(3) shall be of noncombustible construction

Fig. 3.1 - General Description

Occupant Load: The occupant load of the office and the dinning area is defined by the program. Total net Occupant area m2 Load

Area

OCC

Area/m2

Offices Retail Dinning

D E A2

3.7 -

2735 600 85

9.3 46 Total =

65 300 476

Kitchen Storage

320 162 50 (from office) 7 7

Reference

3.1.17.1.(1)(c)(i) Table 3.1.17.1. Table 3.1.17.1. Table 3.1.17.1.

Table. 3.1.1- Occupant Load Table. 3.1.2 - Occupancy Classification and Rating Systems Storeys

Use

OCC

FRR

C / NC

Sprinkler

Basement

Parking Storage

Yes

3.2.1.2.

Ground Floor

Retail Office

E D

Yes

3.2.2.50A.

2nd Storey

Dinning Office

A2 D

Yes

3.2.2.50A. 3.1.3.2.(5)(b)

3rd to 6th Storey

Office

Yes

3.2.2.50A.

Roof

C / NC

3.2.2.50A.

OCC : Occupancy - FS : Fire separation - FRR : Fire-resistance rating - NC : Non-combustible

Reference

ONTARIO BUILDING CODE

3.2 Building Fire Safety 3.2.1 - Fire separation in the building: The office building is under one single tenancy, however, the space planning and position of certain occupancies require the use of fire seperations with a potential higher fire-resistance rating. Table 3.2.1 - Fire Separations SelfDoor Hold open closing latches 3.1.8.12. 3.1.8.11. 3.1.8.13.

Storeys

Areas

FRR

Closure 3.1.8.4.

Basement

F3 & storage garage

Yes

1.5 h

Yes

Ground Floor

E&D

2nd Floor

A2 & D

Yes

1.5 h

Other Floors

Yes

Exist stairs

Yes

Elevator

Common Areas Hoistways Garbage chute

C/NC

Reference

Yes

C/NC

3.3.5.6.

C/NC

3.3.1.1.(3)

Yes

C/NC

3.3.1.1.(4)

45 min

Yes

C/NC

3.2.2.50A.

1.5 h

Yes

3.4.4.1.(3)

Yes

45 min

C/NC

3.5.3.1.

Yes

45 min

Yes

3.6.3.3.(2)(a)

FS : Fire separation - FRR : Fire-resistance rating - NC : Non-combustible

3.2.2 - Fire alarm system: A fire alarm system shall be installed in the building since it is higher than 3 storeys and has an occupant load over 300 -Ref. 3.2.4.1.(2)(c) &(d)The office building will be equipped with a 2 stages fire alarm system. -Ref. 3.2.4.33.2.4 - Standpipe and Hose systems: Since the building is over 3 storeys in height, standpipe and hose systems shall be installed and connected to the fire department. -Ref. 3.2.9.1. & 3.2.9.3.-

3.2.3 - Sprinklers in lieu of fire detectors: If the buildingâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s sprinkler system is an electrically supervised one, there is no need to provide fire and heat detectors. -Ref. 3.2.4.16.-

3.2.5 - Provisions for fire fighting: Roof areas are provided with direct access from the floor below. Access route for fire department vehicles is provided to the building face having the principal entrance, with a distance of 3.5m from the street edge, and so the pumper vehicle can be located adjacent to the hydrants, with a travel distance from a fire department connection to a hydrant of 20m.

3.3 Safety Within Floor Areas - Egress and Exits 3.3.1 - Public corridors: Since the building is under one tenancy, it can be considered as one suite. Thus no public corridor is required. -Ref. 3.3.1.4.The building has a service corridor on the first floor that can be considered as a public corridor, to provide exit from multiple suites. (Retail E and Business and Personal Services occupancies D) No fire separations are required since the building is sprinklered. -Ref. 3.3.1.1.(3)(c)&(d)3.3.2 - Aisles: The minimum clear width of aisles serving less than 60 seats is permitted to be reduced to 750 mm. -Ref. 3.3.2.4.(5)(a)-

ONTARIO BUILDING CODE

3.3.3 - Exit and Egress: • Egress doorways: 2 egress doorways are required since the area of the office suites is more than 300 m2, and retail more than 200m2-Ref. 3.3.1.5.(1)(d)(ii)-

The

distance between them should be ≥1/3 of the maximum overall diagonal dimension of the floor 45/3 = 15m-Ref. 3.3.1.5.(2)• Exit stairs: 2 exit stairs are required, with a distance between 9m and 1/2 of the maximum overall diagonal of floor 45/2 = 21m-Ref. 3.4.2.3.(1)(b)• Travel distance: Since the building is sprinklered, the maximum distance to an exit is 45m-Ref. 3.4.2.5.(1)(c)-

• Exit width: Not less than 1100m-Ref. 3.4.3.2.(7)(c)• Exit walls: They have a fire-resistance rating of 1.5h-Ref. 3.4.4.1.(3)• Handrail: Handrails are placed on both sides since the stairs are 1100mm, at 825mm height. -Ref. 3.4.6.5.(1)• Treads and Risers: -Ref. 3.4.6.8.255mm< Run <355mm & 125 <rise <200mm • Direction of door swing: Open in the direction of exit travel, with self-closing device and hatch. -Ref. 3.4.6.5.(1)-

Fig. 3.3.3 - Egress and exists

Ground floor

Basement-1

fourth floor

3.4 Barrier-Free Design The office building has to abide by all barrier-free requirements. Table 3.4. - Barrier-Free Design Application

Elements

Description

Reference

Parking

15 % are accessible parking spaces Automated system is conceptualized for parking

3.8.2.2.

Loading Area

Access aisle shall be provided 2440 mm x 7400mm and 3600 mm

3.8.2.2.(3)

Entrance

2 barrier-free entrances are required. One of them should be the principal entrance

3.8.1.2.

Path of Travel

The corridors are minimum 1100 mm

3.8.2.1.

Universal Washroom

2 Universal washrooms are required for 6 storey building

Table 3.8.2.3.A

Accesibility Signs

The buidling has accessibility signs in compliance with 3.2.3.1

3.2.3.1.

ONTARIO BUILDING CODE

3.5 Health Requirements 3.5.1 - Plumbing facilities:

The plumbing fixtures are designed based on the Occupancy Load. For an Occupancy of 320p (consider the same persons using the office, dining and fitness center) the minimum water closets required is min 8 for each sex. -Ref. 3.7.4.7.(1)For the restaurant, the plumbing fixtures are located outside of the dining area with a travel distance less then 45m. However, one water closet and lavatory for the 5 staff members is provided. -Ref. 3.7.4.3.(6)&(8) & table 3.7.4.3.F.& 3.7.6.3.(3)(b)For the retail areas, Retail 1 has 2 water closets since itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s over 300m2. Retail 2 with a smaller area has only 1. These WC are accessible to the public. -Ref. 3.7.4.8.(2)(a)(b)-

Table 3.5.1 - Plumbing Facilities 3rd to 5th

6th

2 A2 : 1

1st

2nd

Water CLosets

1 E : 2+1

Barrier-free

Universal

3.6 Interconnected Floors

The interconnected floor space between the first and second storey with a feature stair is sprinklered since the whole building is. This space only contains a group D and A2 and its opening for the stairway in the 3rd floor is not more than 20 m2 as allowed by the City of Toronto policies. So there is no need to conform to the requirements in Articles 3.2.8.3. to 3.2.8.11. -Ref. 3.2.8.2.(5)-

3.7 Exit Through Lobby

Fig. 3.6 - Interconnected floor and feature stairs

According to 3.4.4.2.(6), the exit cannot be located in the lobby as itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s designed as an furnished entrance with an interconnected floor space with a feature staircase. Another exit corridor will be provided to the exit stairs so it complies with the OBC requirements. -Ref. 3.4.4.2.-

3.8 Heavy Timber Construction 3.8.1 - Wood construction in OBC:

The new provisions of the Code permit business and personal services buildings (Group D major occupancy) of combustible construction to be up to 6 storeys in building height. -Ref. 3.2.2.50A.Several additional safety provisions not required in 4 storey buildings of wood construction will be applied to mid-rise buildings, such as meeting a higher seismic load than similar noncombustible buildings (part 4) or having more robust occupancy permit requirements (part 5).

3.8.2 - Provisions for heavy timber use:

Heavy timber is permitted in construction having a fire-resistance rating of 45 min. -Ref. 3.1.4.6.But according to the Article 3.2.2.50A., the fireresistance rating required for this building is 1h. In order to increase the FRR by 15 min, two additional transparent coats of a flame spread protection, Sansin Firestop99 will be applied on exposed heavy timber.

ONTARIO BUILDING CODE

3.8.3 - Cladding:

A mid-rise building designed under 3.2.2.50A. should have a noncombustible cladding. -Ref. 3.1.4.8.- However, a combustible cladding is permitted, if the maximum area of unprotected openings is more than 10% of the exposed building face, and this cladding has been tested in accordance with CAN/ULC-S134, “Fire Test of Exterior Wall Assemblies” -Ref. 3.2.3.7.(6)- Also, if any fire-retardant treated wood is used, the above fire test is required to be conducted after the cladding has been conditioned in conformance with ASTM D2898, “Accelerated Weathering of Fire-Retardant-Treated Wood for Fire Testing”-Ref. 3.2.3.7.(7)-

3.9 Spatial Separation and Exposure Protection 3.9.1 - Unprotected openings:

The maximum percentage of unprotected openings allowed for each facade is calculated based on floor compartments. Each storey is considered as a separate fire compartment since it has an FRR of 1h. Group D and F3 -Ref. table 3.2.3.1.D.Group E -Ref. table 3.2.3.1.E.-

Fig. 3.9 - Unprotected Openings

Table 3.9 - Spatial Seperation and exposure

Ground Floor Group E

Ground Floor Group D

2nd to 6th Floor Group D

Elevations

EBF (m2)

LD (m)

Max UPO %

Min FRR required

North

137.60

99%

West

49.80

10.5

100%

South

86.40

37%

Cladding

Construction

East

74.15

32%

West

89.80

10.5

100%

South

100%

East

64.50

68%

45 min

North

106.35

100%

West

110.30

10.5

100%

South

106.35

68%

45 min

East

110.30

50%

45 min

3.10 Conclusion

The office building is designed in compliance with most of the requirements of part 3 of the last version of OBC. Some of the major highlights of this building regarding the nature of its structure are listed as follow: - The building is fully sprinklered - With 6 storeys, the height of each one has been reduced by 400 mm to reach the 18m height required - The dining and retail areas are located below the 3rd floor - An additional corridor has been provided in order to permit to the lobby to be furnished - The building is barrier-free compliant - In order to enjoy the exposed wood structure, a clear intumescent coat has been applied to the wood to increase its FRR by 15 minutes. - The envelope cladding in this heavy timber construction is made of non-combustible material.

MATERIALS & METHODS

MATERIALS & METHODS Introduction

Using a combination of wood, concrete and steel provides a variety of benefits to the project. The building structure will have cost-effective and sustainable solutions, as well as options to improve building performance and design. For these reasons, along with the OBC allowance for combustible constructions for mid-rise buildings, (Div. B, 3.2.2.50A.), the team decided to design a hybrid construction system. The buildingâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s wood structure is relatively light-weight, requiring a smaller foundation. As a result, more storeys can be constructed with the same capacity. The foundation that supports the columns and the walls are in reinforced cement concrete (RCC). A transfer slab is used between the upper storeys and the ones below grade to provide flexibility with the wood and concrete grids. The six levels of superstructure are comprised of cross-laminated timber (CLT) floor panels supported by a post and beam structure made of glued-laminated timber (GLT) and connected by steel components. To achieve a captivating dialog between solidness and transparency on the facades, two types of curtain wall systems are used in the building envelope. Further details are explained in the sections below.

4.1 Structural System Overview The substructure, superstructure and a transfer floor are the major components of the structural 4.1.1 - Substructure: The base of the building is constructed in reinforced cement concrete (RCC). The foundation, shear walls on the outer sides of the building which retain the earth, columns, beams, floor slabs and vertical cores used for circulation and services are made of RCC cast-in-situ. Fig. 4.1 - Structural System

4.1.2 - Transfer Floor: A transfer floor is provided between the substructure and the superstructure. This not only facilitates an easy shift of load from the wood structure to the basement structure, but also provides a tremendous amount of flexibility in the planning. The columns and walls can be placed according to the design requirements regardless of the position of columns on the lower floor.

4.1.3 - Superstructure: The structure above grade in load-bearing mass timber is comprised of columns, beams and floor, and roof assemblies. Columns and beams are constituted of GLT, whereas floor and roof assemblies are made of CLT. While giving the required stability, this system also imparts an impressive aesthetic appeal.

MATERIALS & METHODS

13 4.2 Foundation and Basement Structure 4.2.1 - RCC substructure:

With a predominantly clayey soil having low N value at 15 m to 20 m below grade, a mat slab is deemed to be the most suitable for the foundations. A waterproofing membrane is applied as shown in the diagram. A drainage system using a gravel bed, perforated pipes water troughs and collector pipes is installed to drain off any possible water seepage.

Fig. 4.2.1 - Reinforced Concrete Substructure

4.2.2 - Flat slab for structure:

A conventional flat slab system as shown in the diagram is used in the parking floors. This system which does not require beams helps reduce the height between floors. Columns have been strategically placed to accommodate car parking without fractions and to provide easy driveways. Floor to floor vehicular movement is controlled using a car lift system thereby avoiding driveway ramps. The longest span in the RCC structure is 8 600 mm. The floor thickness at mid-span is 300 mm.

4.2.3 - Fire Resistance Rating (FRR) and Fire proofing for substructure: The fire protection qualities of concrete are very high both due to its inherent characteristics as a noncombustible material and as an engineered structure as well. The 2hr FRR for floor assemblies mandated by OBC is easily achieved by using RCC and no additional fireproofing is required.

4.3

Fig. 4.2.2 - Flat slab

Mass Timber Superstructure

The building is classified as a mass timber structure. Douglas fir is the wood used here. The skeleton consists of posts and beams made of glued laminated timber also known as Glulam. All floor assemblies above grade and the roof assemblies are supported by this structural grid. Cross-laminated timber having high structural strength has been used for floors and roofs. The column sizes are mostly 380 mm x 380 mm and the beam sections are 130 mm x 450 mm. The thickness of the floor and roof assemblies is 255 mm.

Fig. 4.3 - Floor assembly

An exposed wooden finish is followed throughout the interior. Therefore no additional flooring layer is used on the floors, no cladding materials are used on columns and the beams are not covered. This system for its high strength, better structural stability, and positive environmental performance has been chosen for our sustainability-oriented design.

MATERIALS & METHODS

14 4.4

Connections of Structural Elements

4.4.1 - Structural joints between heavy timber and R.C.C: Mass timber columns in GLT are bolted to the RCC flat slab by using a steel base. Fig. 4.4.1 shows the connection between RCC floor and mass timber columns. The floating connection has been used for aesthetic advantage. Fig. 4.4.1 - Joints Between Wood Columns and R.C.C

4.4.2 - Structural joints between GLT columns and beams, and CLT floor: The column to floor connection as seen in the diagram has a steel base plate with an openended steel rod. The CLT floor is placed on this steel plate with precise cutouts and bolted. Another inverted set up is used to connect the beam to the floor.

Fig. 4.4.2.1 - GLT columns and GLT beam connection

Fig. 4.4.2.2 - GLT columns and CLT floor connection

The column to beam connection is a tight-fit pin shear connection. The steel plate is pinned to the GLT beam and the plate is bolted to the GLT column as seen in the sectional diagram. The same method is used to pin the beams to floors.

4.4.3 - Fireproofing in the superstructure: Mass timber gains its Flash Flame Resistance (FFR) by charring slowly during exposure to fire. This charring insulates the interior sections from further damage for a substantial period. Heavy timber by default gives an FRR of 45 min. According to OBC requirements, FRR of 1hr has to be provided to floor assemblies. In order to improve the FRR rating, the intumescent paint Firestop99, manufactured by SANSIN Company, is used. This is a clear paint and it comes with various wooden tones. In the presence of heat or flame, Firestop99 will intumesce (expand its film thickness) creating a thick charred heatinsulating foam layer. This action prevents oxygen from reaching the combustible coated materials (the â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;fuelâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;) and dilutes combustible gases.

Fig. 4.4.3 - Fireproofing product

MATERIALS & METHODS

4.5 Interior Walls – Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL) Laminated veneer lumber (LVL) is an engineered wood product that uses multiple layers of thin wood assembled with adhesives. It is typically used for headers, beams, rim board, and edge-forming material. LVL offers several advantages over typical milled lumber: Made in a factory under controlled specifications, it is stronger, straighter, and more uniform. Being a sustainable source, the team found it fit to use this instead of regular drywall with metal studs. Resilient channels are used to further improve soundproofing. Two layers of drywall gypsum are used to achieve fire resistance.

Fig. 4.5 - Interior Wall Assembly - LVL

4.6

Building Envelope

As a design requirement 50% transparency for facades has been achieved by using two different types of building envelopes. The northern front façade facing Gerrard Street is composed of a parametric 3D curtain wall system. The remaining area of the envelope uses the Exterior Insulation Finish System (EIFS) having a high R value.

4.6.1 - 3D curtain wall system:

The 3D curtain wall forming the north façade has the shape of an eccentric tetrahedron and consists partly of opaque sections of aluminium composite panels (ACP) and aluminium sheets wrapped in wooden shaded vinyl membrane.

4.6.2 - Exterior insulation finish system:

A wooden stud wall frame made of 50 mm x 150 mm wooden studs and single wooden top plates form the skeleton of the building envelope. The inner layer is 12 mm double gypsum board taped and painted. Insulation has been provided at the rim joists. The space between studs is filled with cellulose insulation. An exterior sheathing protected by a liquid-applied water control layer is placed over the frame. The outermost layer is a glass mesh reinforced lamina with a synthetic stucco finish with uban brick texture. A 75 mm plasti-fab expanded polystyrene (EPS) insulation is provided right behind the external layer. A drainage gap is provided between the EPS insulation and the water control layer. Triple glazed windows with Argon gas fill are placed on this wall.

Fig. 4.6.1.1 - 3D parametric curtain wall

Fig. 4.6.2 - Exterior wall assembly

Fig. 4.6.1.2 - Framing of each 3D section

MATERIALS & METHODS

4.7

LEED BD&C Strategies

We are committed to the challenge of building to the LEED Silver green standard which typically leads to substantial reductions in energy, water and maintenance costs. From this perspective we were able to implement various strategies: • A 50% vegetated roof was created, plus bicycle facilities for employees and the required distance from public commute was insured. • The project complies with the EnergyStar building process by using adequate building insulation, using efficient HVAC systems and office equipment. This has resulted in a reduction of 30% in energy consumption. Monitoring and metering tools for energy use were also installed. • Lifecycle value engineering and how it impacts building performance was considered. Materials used in the building have been selected according to their sources and components.

4.8

• Water efficiency was addressed by some features that help reduce the water consumption by 30% such as using watersense fixtures. Vegetation from native species was selected. • In the Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) credit category individual lighting control for 90% of the occupancy was allowed. Also, pollutant sources and chemical contaminant levels were reduced by protecting the construction materials and flushing out the indoor air in the preoccupancy phase.

Green Roof

The City of Toronto Green Roof Bylaw sets out a requirement for new developments that are greater than 2,000 m in the gross floor area. The team followed The Toronto Green Standard as a guideline. The associated image (Fig.4.8) demonstrates the layered construction of the green roof. Given that a green roof conceals and restricts drying of the roof membrane, it is recommended that roof slopes to drains under a green roof be greater than the code minimums. Best practices suggest a minimum of 4% slope to drains. Fig. 4.8 - Green Roof Assembly

4.9

Conclusion • With the advancement in research and technology in engineered wood, a heavy timber structure can now achieve the same configuration as any other mid-rise structure with better aesthetic appeal. • Heavy timber buildings are quicker to build as engineered wood is prefabricated and installation take less time. • Since wood construction weighs significantly less than concrete or steel construction, the foundation can be reduced in size. • With the use of heavy timber a more sustainable method is practiced.

As the construction industry is responsible for 40 to 50 percent of CO2 emissions, renewable ma¬terials, such as wood, can help mitigate the rate of global warming.

BUILDING INFORMATION MODELING

BIM - REVIT Introduction

Building Information Modeling (BIM) is a process of creating an intelligent computer-based 3D model containing a variety of construction and graphical information on each element. It provides different tools for industries such as Architecture, Construction, and Engineering in order to optimize their work. Using Revit as a BIM software allowed the team to manage documents, coordinate and collaborate during the entire development of the office building project. More accurate decisions were made, as the work distribution was done using worksharing on BIM360. The process ensures transparency, control and eventually better outcomes since everyone is involved.

Fig. 5 - BIM Process

5.1 Worksharing and Collaboration - Worksets One of the most important options in Revit is the â&#x20AC;&#x153;Collaborateâ&#x20AC;? tab. Thanks to this we were able to use worksharing through BIM 360 website. The worksharing provides a variety of options that allows each member of the team to work on the project through the cloud at the same time, without disturbing each other. The first step in using worksharing is to create the appropriate worksets as shown in Fig. 5.1.1, in order to allow each member to manage and work on different parts of the building. The worksets can be owned by members giving them the possibility to lock it so no one else can make any changes to it unless they send a request to borrow and the owner grants it.

Fig. 5.1.2 - Worksets settings

Fig. 5.1.1 - Worksharing

Fig. 5.1.3 - Worksets settings

BUILDING INFORMATION MODELING

In this project, we avoided owning the worksets to keep the flow of modeling except for the structure workset which was owned by the BIM lead to prevent eventual errors and mistakes. The project was also divided by storeys between team members where the Team lead had the responsibility to supervise all the floors and provide solutions. Another use for worksets was to avoid making the file too heavy. We created specific worksets for “Site Context”, “Furniture” and “3D Curtain Wall” and kept them closed during the modeling process when they weren’t needed so we could work at a faster pace. Also, each workset was colour-coded to reduce the error margin (Fig 5.1.3)

Fig. 5.1.4 - Building Worksets

Fig. 5.2.1 - Site plan

5.2 Design Process The design process was started by creating a CAD file from the site survey provided by Ryerson University. After linking it to the Revit file, it was used as a guideline to the site, property line and setbacks for modeling. It also brought some answers to the OBC section, such as measuring the distances accurately to calculate UPO percentages. Moreover, we created a 3D model of the neighbourhood using a masterplan downloaded from the Cadmapper website and we adjusted the height and shape of some buildings for more precision.

Modeling started by defining the appropriate levels based on OBC information about the building height and the number of storeys. Then, the grids were set with respect to the parking lots module in the basement and the information provided by the Materials and Methods section. Once the basement structure was completed, the floor planning design started with a consideration of all the project requirements. Creating the facades derived from the primary conceptual design. The last step of the modeling process was to add elements to the site context.

BUILDING INFORMATION MODELING

5.3 Feature Stairs One of the iconic elements of the office building is the interconnected floor space between the ground and second floor containing a feature stair serving the third floor as well. The special shape of these stairs add architectural interest to the project. The bold sculptural lines that bring space to life were produced entirely on Revit. The design of the feature stairs started by respecting the restrictions of OBC and the program requirements to create the appropriate opening on each floor. The first step was to draw the guidelines of the border, treads, and shape of the stairs through the “Model Line” command. The railing was produced through massing process and the family of the stair itself was edited to give a different shape and material to risers and tread. Fig. 5.3 - Feature staircase

5.4 Graphic and Design Options In order to enhance the graphical representation of the project, Revit provides efficient tools that help create interesting conceptual documents. To show the difference between wood and concrete structures, the graphic appearance of wooden beams and columns was modified by creating new materials with more accurate textures for wood. More materials were also produced for floor finishes, feature stair’s railing, ect. Moreover, the graphics of the floor plans, elevations, sections, and exterior rendering needed to be adjusted. Therefore, different tools were used, such as “Visibility/Graphics Override”, “Override Graphic in View by Element” and “Graphic Display Options” considerable. Saving these adjustments as a “View Template” was a considerable gain in time. The “Design Option” tool gave the possibility to compare different choices for the building envelope during the design process of the façade. The final decision was taken considering the percentage of

Fig. 5.4.1 - Creation of a new material

Fig. 5.4.2 - Graphical opt : Dining area

Fig. 5.4.4 - Graphical opt : Floor plan

Fig. 5.4.3 - Graphical opt : Workstations

BUILDING INFORMATION MODELING

Fig. 5.4.4 - Graphical opt : Floor plan

5.5 Massing Revit provides some important massing features mostly used for producing custom design and complicated shapes. In this office building project, massing was used in different parts of the building model such as the exterior wall of the lateral exit stairs located on the west elevation, CLT components of the floor assemblies, LVL wood studs of the wall assemblies and, most importantly, in creating the North façade 3D curtain wall. The production of the 3D panels on Revit started by creating a mass as a patterned curtain wall to prepare the base for placing the panels on the North façade. The U grids and V grids were adjusted in a way to comply with the floor heights and the border of the façade.

Fig. 5.5.1 - Panels with different apex center

In the next step, a new family was created to develop the shape and components of a single 3D unit by using reference lines, reference points, model lines, and model points to constraint the shape to the grid in case of future changes in its dimensions. Furthermore, offsets were defined to give space for mullions, and variable height was considered for the apex of the pyramid in order to have the possibility to produce required shapes. Additionally, the materials of each of the four parts of the 3D unit were defined through “Family Parameters” considered as “Type” or “Instance” parameter types. Glass material was created with a reflectance of 30 and shaded panels were considered in aluminium and corton steel. As a design matter, the shaded panels were placed to the west and top sides of the 3D unit to prevent the direct light of the sunset into the offices.

Fig. 5.5.2 - Material Parameters

Moreover, the 3D unit was loaded into the project and placed on the patterned mass curtain wall. Various family types for the panels were produced in the main project file with different apex heights to give a slight waved shape to the façade.

Fig. 5.5.3 - North Elevation with 3D panels

BUILDING INFORMATION MODELING

5.6 Challenges

5.7 Advantages

During the modeling process on Revit, some challenges were faced and overcome thanks to the knowledge gained during the Revit course. Two examples of the challenges we faced were the transition between the structural grids as well as the worksharing process.

Building Information Modeling (BIM) is undoubtedly becoming an essential part of any design project. Working within a team was smarter, faster, and enabled stronger designs that make economic sense while reducing environmental impact.

The hybrid construction system with the transition slab on the ground floor allowed having different grids between the basements and the upper floors, resulting in better use of the area on each storey. A larger parking area in the basement levels limited to the property line was designed while respecting the setbacks and preventing design issues on the upper floors. Therefore, the irrelevant grids from each floor plan had to be removed to avoid confusion. In this case, “Hide in View by Element” was used as a solution to hide the irrelevant grids permanently.

Revit is the most popular used BIM software globally. It took computer-aided drafting into the 21st century with a new array of features and capabilities. All the information collected in OBC and Material & Methods analysis was successfully integrated. Revit helped us coordinate and deliver a complete, validated and clash-free model. Revit models are parametric, which means that the changes that have been done to the 3D model could reflect automatically in the 2Dplans and vice versa. This reduced time and error index drastically.

In addition, worksharing was a new concept for all team members. Modeling the 3D elements on the façade wasn’t easy but with collective efforts, the team was able to overcome these challenges.

Fig. 5.8 - Exterior render

5.8 Conclusion We used a high variety of options, graphically and technically, developing our office building project in Revit. That helped us to have a better understanding of different features of this software and to learn how these features can improve the design process. In comparison to the older methods of preparing working drawings such as AutoCAD, that is still being used in some architecture studios, Revit is designed specifically for this industry to make the process faster, easier and more accurate. Creating a model in Revit gives us the possibility to analyse many aspects of the project in a faster way. Producing floor plans in different heights, an unlimited possibility of producing sections in different scales without any need to draw from scratch, and the 3D model itself are the main advantages of Revit software. Additionally, the BIM 360 platform provides a great opportunity to team members to collaborate on a project simultaneously resulting in a more efficient process. This feature can be very useful once it’s learnt and it can make a considerable difference compared to working individually. This platform has recently added a public sharing option, enabling project members to easily share documents with people who don’t have a BIM 360 login. We hope to learn more about this software in the future, discover other possibilities and tools, and become more fluent in using them as it is becoming more important to our field every day.

CONCLUSION

CONCLUSION The outcome of this Office Building project has been enlightening for us. Being internationally trained architects, IPLAN gave us, through these three courses, an opportunity to obtain a better understanding and first-hand experience in the Canadian market with respect to the Ontario Building Code, Materials & Methods and Revit / BIM. One of the most interesting aspects of this assignment was to design a building using heavy timber construction; this oldest of building materials that is undergoing a modern renaissance. Thanks to all the research, analysis and information exchanges, we developed a deeper appreciation of the environmental benefits of wood construction. Larger and more sustainable buildings are constructed using heavy timber due to its innate structural efficiency and ease of construction. The team enjoyed learning more about this new timber system that is making a dramatic impact on building construction in North America. The Materials & Method section brought to light all the qualities of using mass timber but also how to neutralize and minimize its weaknesses. For instance, we learned the different techniques to reach the 1h fire resistance rating required by the building code. We decided to go with a clear coating of frame spread protection instead of covering its exposed surfaces with gypsum or other material We wished to retain the natural and appealing aesthetic of wood. We also learned how the building envelope, in addition to the design, can act as an environmental mediator and must respond to natural forces and human values. In 2014, the Ontario Ministry of Municipal Affairs and Housing announced that the OBC permits a combustible mid-rise building with a group D - Business and Personal Services occupancy. This amendment allowed us to design this six storeys office building project. In order to meet certain requirements of the OBC, the clientâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s program has been subjected to a few modifications. This section made us realize how intricate the building code can be. Thanks to the knowledge we gathered in this program, we were able to decode, analyze and produce a building that complies with all the requirements. Working on Revit has been challenging at times and the methodology of working on the BIM 360 platform was new to us. However, we realized that with the tools of work-sharing on Revit, we were able to work collaboratively and to integrate a smooth environment where ideas from five different mindsets were coexisting. Each one of us sharpened their hard and soft skills by pushing their limits and overcoming all issues faced. In conclusion, this assignment helped in interpreting an understanding of the building code to a greater depth. It has been instrumental in creating a detailed analysis of the building structure and envelope with its various components and most significantly enhanced our skills in developing a BIM model which is implemented extensively in the Architecture industry.

REFERENCES

REFERENCES BOOKS : ◍ Edward Allen and Joseph Iano “Fundamentals Of Building Construction Materials And Methods”, Hoboken, NJ : Wiley & Sons, 2019, 7th Edition ◍ Sharon MacIntosh, “Celebrating Excellence in Wood Architecture, 2018-19 Wood design Award Winners”, Popi Bowman, 2019 ◍ Morrison H ershfield, “2015 Reference Guide: Mid-Rise Wood Construction in the Ontario Building Code”, Canadian Wood Council, 2015 BUILDING CODE & LEED : ◍ Ministry of Municipal Affairs & Housing, “Ontario Building Code 2012, volume 1 & 2”, O. Reg 332/12 publication 2019 ◍ U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC), “LEED V4 New building & Construction”, publication 2019 ◍ Guidelines for Barrier-free Design of Ontario Government Facilities, 2014 ◍ City of Toronto, Accessibility Design Guidelines, 2004 WEBINAR : ◍ Todd Wascher & Mike Smith, “Mass Timber Enables Beauty, Warmth and Functional Design in The Soto”, Lake / FLato, BokaPowell, 2020 WORKSHOP : ◍ Tim Buhler, “Canadian Wood Council”, 2020 WEBSITES : ◍ Ryerson University (https://www.ryerson.ca) ◍ https://continuingeducation.bnpmedia.com ◍ http://wood-works.ca ◍ https://www.woodworks.org/wp-content/uploads/17DS04-BRENEMAN-Structural-CLTFloor-and-Roof-Design-WSF-171004.pdf ◍ https://www.irjet.net/archives/V5/i5/IRJET-V5I5467.pdf ◍ https://www.concreteconstruction.net ◍ http://ww.canadianarchitect.com ◍ https://timberframehq.com ◍ https://www.mitek-us.com/products/USP-Structural-Connectors ◍ https://www.fireglass.com/resources/specifire ◍ https://www.sansin.com/product/firestop-99 ◍ https://www.usgbc.org/credits?Rating+System=%5B%22New+Construction%22%5D

Appendix

LEED ANALYSIS

LEED BUILDING DESIGN LEED SILVER 50 -59 points LEED V4 BD+C: New construction and Major renovations

LOCATION AND TANSPORTATION Access to Quality Transit

½ mile from rail station (Carlton st at Jarvis st. 300m) OR ¼ mile of 2 public bus stops (Jarvis st. at Dundas st.350m - Jarvis street at carlton 285m).

Points 5

Bicycle Facilities

25 bicycle racks which represent 5% of the occupant load We designed 2 showers ( 1 Male & 1 Female) as 0.5% of the OL 7 parking spots reserved for electrical vehicle as 6% of the total parking with electrical power charging. We followed city of Toronto minimum parking requirement

Points 1

Vegetated roof for 50% of the roof area Parking spaces are underground Porous pavements and interlock for hardscape are used with SR of at least 0.33

Points 2

Electrical Vehicles Reduced Parking Footprint

Points 1 Points 1

SUSTAINABLE SITE Heat Island Reduction

WATER EFFICIENCY Outdoor Water Use Reduction

Indoor Water Use Reduction Water Metering

Landscape planted with native vegetation that requires minimal irrigation and maintenance. 50% reduction in landscape water use using EPA’s WaterSense Water Budget Tool. Install drip irrigation solely & micro-climate control. 50% reduction in potable water consumption by using waterconserving fixtures. All plumbing fixtures are WaterSense labelled. Water use appliances to be Energy Star labeled We applied submetering for two water end uses

Points 2

Points 6

Points 1

MATERIALS AND RESOURCES BPDO - Environmental Product Declarations

Products used with Environmental Product Declarations, with improved life-cycles.

Points 1

BPDO-Sourcing of Raw Materials

Transparency addressed for 20% of the raw material sourcing. Materials selected that have been appropriately sourced, providing information on land use practices, extraction location, labor practices.

Points 1

BPDO - Material Ingredient Reporting

Transparency addressed for 20 different permanently installed products of optimized ingredients from five different manufacturer. Develop & implement construction and demolish waste management plan that covers (by weight or volume) to identify the waste diversion from multiple material types for minimum of 50%.

Points 1

Construction and Demolition Waste Management

Points 2

LEED ANALYSIS

ENERGY AND ATMOSPHERE Enhanced Commissioning

Optimize Energy Performance

Advanced Energy Metering

Enhanced Refrigerant Management

An independent Commissioning authority will report a design Point 6 review of the OPR, review contractor submittal & verify that training for operating has been completed. Reviewing the building operation within 10 months after substantial completion. Point 13 x32% improvement in the building energy consumption, by implementing these strategies: a. Walls and roof properly insulated. b. Glazing area reduced to 45% of total wall area specifying efficient double glazing. c. Efficient HVAC equipment and water heaters. d. Efficient office equipment and efficient LED lighting fixtures. x Building energy use according to Office of Energy Efficiency, Natural Resources Canada and Statistics Canada Office building yearly energy consumption = 1428 GJ 10% of all energy end-uses of the energy consumption of the building is metered. Meters are connected to the building automation system and data logged at appropriate intervals. HVAC&R system used that minimize the emission of compound that contribute in the ozone depletion.

Points 1

Points 2

INDOOR ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY x Permanent monitoring systems for the CO2 and airflow values is installed and fixed at 5ft above the floor. x For mechanically ventilated spaces, increase breathing zone outdoor air ventilation rates by 30% above the required by ASHREA 62.1.2010 x Permanent installed grates and grills in the entryway of the building. Low-Emitting Materials All wood finishes, adhesives, sealants & sealant primers used on the interior of the building must comply with SCAQMD. Paints& Coating applied according to Green Seal standards. All Carpets, carpet adhesives & cushion meet Carpet and Rug Institution Green Label. Construction Indoor Air IAQ management plan for the construction & preoccupancy is Quality Management implemented. Plan During construction: the control measures of SMACNA IAQ guidelines is used. Protect materials from moisture damage. Indoor Air Quality Preoccupancy: air handlers use (MERV) of 8 and replaced before Assessment occupancy and flush out with the required air volume and humidity will be done. Interior lighting Providing individual controllers for 90% of occupants and also for shared multi-occupant spaces to enable adjustments that meet their needs and preferences. Enhanced IAQ Strategies

Points 2

Points 1

Points 2

LEED ANALYSIS

INNOVATION IN DESIGN LEED Accredited Support and encouraged the design integration required by the professional LEED * OPR= Owner Project Requirement

Points 1

*MERV= efficiency reporting value

Total points = 56 point that comply with the LEED silver. Strategies of LEED LOCATION AND TANSPORTATION x

Less than 0.25 mile from 2 bus stops which are: Jarvis st. at Dundas st. 0.2 miles = 350m Jarvis street at Carlton 0.17 miles = 285m

7 parking lots reserved for Electrical vehicles Installed power supply for the Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV), Battery Electric Vehicles (BEV) and Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicles (HFCVs)

There are 25 bicycle racks which are included in the 150 Bicycle storage required in the building program.

WATER EFFICIENCY Toilets: WaterSense labelled with a flush capacity of 1.28 gallons or less of water, thatâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s at least 20% less water than the standard.

Faucets: Water-efficient lavatory faucets bearing the WaterSense logo that have a flow of no more than 1.5 gallons per minute (gpm) at 60 psi of water pressure.

Showerheads: with the WaterSense label that demonstrate a usage of no more than 2.0 gpm.

Deck-Mounted Faucet

Concealed Sensor Water Closet flush

LEED ANALYSIS

ENERGY AND ATMOSPHERE ENERGY STAR Equipment Certified printers, scanners, copiers, fax machines and multi-function devices.

Building Enclosure The performance of the building enclosure affects both energy consumption and HVAC loads. This enclosure includes: 1. The heat resistant materials in the faรงade of the building 2. Highly insulating windows and window seals 3. Effective vapor control and vapor barriers that keep moisture out 4. Air flow controls that protect against uncontrolled drafts

Green roof It increases building efficiency. The soil provides insulation and the vegetation shades the roof from solar heat, thereby lowering the temperature of the roof and the air directly above it. This in turn reduces the electricity demand for air conditioning in summer months. It can lower the need for air conditioning load to cool a building by 30%

Glazing Glazing area reduced to 45% of total wall area and using triple pane windows that have an Energy Rating (ER) of 34. Some specifications of the glazing are R-value from 3 to 5 and U-Value of 0.21. Also using Argon and Krypton gases conduct up to 50% less heat than air.

Light bulbs Using LED light bulbs that use 80% less energy than standard incandescent bulbs

LEED ANALYSIS

MATERIALS AND RESOURCES BPDO-Sourcing of Raw Materials and Material Ingredient Reporting x

x x

For the structure elements, the Glue-Laminated Timber (Glulam) and Cross-Laminated Timber (CLT) have achieved the Certified Wood credit according to Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) and COC Certified. All the wood used as architecture elements for cladding and wood flooring are also FSC certified. Utilizing Life Cycle Analysis LCA is an objective way to compare the environmental impacts of different material choices. Using rapidly renewable materials like the wood.

Source: Building with wood-Proactive Climateprotection, Dovetail Partners Inc.

INDOOR ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY x

Materials used with low-emitting materials with VOC limit to comply with the SCAQMD such as; Wood flooring adhesives with 100 g/L, Ceramic tile adhesives 60 g/L and Structural wood member adhesive 140 g/L

Installing CO2 Monitor in different spaces of occupancy 25 or more at a height of 150 cm .

Lighting Automatic controllers: o Automatic shutoff of indoor and outdoor lighting when not in use o Occupancy sensors in certain areas like conference rooms, lunchrooms, etc. o Multilevel lighting in spaces using manual space controls o Automatic multilevel lighting in certain stairwell, parking garage, and other spaces

Image-1: Typical floor plan Co2 monitor represented in green square

OBC APPENDIX

Name of Practice: IPLAN Cohort 20 Group 4 Heavy timber construction. Name of Project: Office Building . Location: 101 / 111 Gerrard Street East. Date:

Ontario Building Code Data Matrix Part 3 3.00

Building Code Version:

O. Reg. 332/12

3.01

Project Type:

‫ ܈‬New ‫ ܆‬Change of use

Building Code Reference 1

Last Amendment

O. Reg. 191/14 [A] 1.1.2.

‫ ܆‬Addition ‫ ܆‬Renovation ‫ ܆‬Addition and renovation

Description: 3.02

3.03

3.04

Major Occupancy Classification:

Superimposed Major Occupancies: Building Area (m2)

Occupancy

3.1.2.1.(1)

Use

Office Building

Dinning - Kitchen

Retail

Storage

‫ ܈‬No

3.2.2.7.

‫ ܆‬Yes

Description:

Occupancy E is located entirely above occupancy A2 & D

Description:

Existing

Insert additional lines as needed

Ontario Building Code Data Matrix, Part 3 © Ontario Association of Architects

Total

New

[A] 1.4.1.2.

Total

1017 m2

October 2016

OBC APPENDIX

3.05

Gross Area (m2)

31 Description:

Existing

Total

Insert additional lines as needed

3.07

Building Height

3.08

High Building

3.09

Number of Streets/ Firefighter access

3.10

Storeys above grade

Storeys below grade

‫ ܈‬No 2

Building Classification:

Sprinkler System

[A] 1.4.1.2.

Total

7291 m2

(m) Above grade

[A] 1.4.1.2. & 3.2.1.1.

3.2.6.

‫ ܆‬Yes

3.2.2.10. & 3.2.5.

street(s)

3.2.2.50A

(Size and Construction Relative to Occupancy)

3.11

New

Group/Div D up to 6 storeys, Sprinklered, Combustible Construction

‫ ܈‬Required

տ Not Required

Proposed:

‫ ܈‬entire building տ selected floor areas տ in lieu of roof rating

տ selected compartments տ basement տ none

3.2.2.20. - 83.

3.2.1.5. & 3.2.2.17.

3.12

Standpipe System

‫ ܆‬Not required

‫ ܈‬Required

3.2.9.

3.13

Fire Alarm System

‫ ܈‬Required

‫ ܆‬Not required

3.2.4.

Proposed:

‫ ܆‬Single stage

‫ ܈‬Two stage

3.14

Water Service / Supply is Adequate

‫ ܆‬No

3.15

Construction Type:

Restriction:

‫ ܈‬Combustible permitted

Actual:

տ Combustible

‫ ܈‬Yes

Heavy Timber Construction: 3.16

Importance Category:

‫ ܆‬None

‫ ܈‬Low

տ Non-combustible required

տ Non-combustible տ No

տ Combination

‫ ܈‬Yes

‫ ܆‬Low human occupancy

‫ ܆‬Post-disaster shelter

‫ ܆‬Minor storage building

‫ ܆‬Explosive or hazardous substances

տ Normal տ High

3.2.2.20. - 83. & 3.2.1.4.

4.1.2.1.(3) & T4.1.2.1.B

տ Post-disaster 3.17

Seismic Hazard Index:

(IE Fa Sa (0.2)) =

Ontario Building Code Data Matrix, Part 3 © Ontario Association of Architects

4.1.2.1.(3)

Seismic design required for Table 4.1.8.18. items 6 to 21: ‫ ܆‬No ( (IE Fa Sa (0.2)) RU 3RVW-disaster)

4.1.8.18.(2) տ Yes

October 2016

OBC APPENDIX

3.18

Occupant Load

32 Occupancy Type

Floor Level/Area

Insert additional lines as needed

3.19

3.21

3.22

Yes

Required Fire Resistance Ratings

Horizontal Assembly

Insert additional lines as needed

3.23

Plumbing Fixture Requirements

Occupant Load (Persons)

320

162

F3 & A2

Barrier-free Design:

Spatial Separation

Based On

3.1.17.

7 3.8.

3.4 barrier free design

Rating

Supporting Assembly (H)

3.2.2.20. - 83. & 3.2.1.4.

Noncombustible in lieu of rating?

Floors over basement

‫ ܆‬No ‫ ܆‬Yes ‫ ܆‬N/A

Floors

‫ ܆‬No ‫ ܆‬Yes ‫ ܆‬N/A

Mezzanine

‫ ܆‬No ‫ ܆‬Yes ‫ ܆‬N/A

Roof

‫ ܆‬No ‫ ܆‬Yes ‫ ܆‬N/A

Wall

EBF Area (m2)

L.D. (m)

L/H or H/L

Required FRR (min

Construction Type Required

Cladding Type Required

North D

106

West D

110

10.5

South D

106

‫ ܈‬Noncombustible ‫ ܈‬Noncombustible

East D

110

‫ ܈‬Noncombustible ‫ ܈‬Noncombustible

Ratio:

‫ ܈‬Noncombustible ‫ ܈‬Noncombustible ‫ ܈‬Noncombustible ‫ ܈‬Noncombustible

3.7.4.

Male:Female = 50:50 Except as noted otherwise

Floor Level/Area

Occupant Load

2nd floor 3 D + 1 A2

OBC Reference 3.7.4.8. – 3.7.4.7.

Ground floor 2 D + 3 E

3.2.3.

Fixtures Required

Fixtures Provided

3.7.4.3 Insert additional lines as needed

Other floors 3 / floor

0 3.7.4.7.

3.24

Energy Efficiency:

Compliance Path: Climatic Zone:

Ontario Building Code Data Matrix, Part 3 © Ontario Association of Architects

October 2016

M&M APPENDIX

MATERIALS & METHODS APPENDIX CONNECTION HARDWARE There are various methods of connecting the structural components. Here we have connections between concrete and wood, also wood and wood. These pictures illustrate how this is achieved by using the most appropriate hardware. There are connections between floor and column as well as beam and beam We also have floor to floor and column to beam connections.

GLULAM DESIGN FROM THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF CONSTRUCTION

SECTIONAL DIMENSIONS In order to calculate the dimensions of wood sections we relied on studies done by research institutions and data provided byinstitutional standards two of which are given below. GLULAM DESIGN FROM THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF CONSTRUCTION

M&M APPENDIX

Cross laminated timber

M&M APPENDIX

Glued laminated timber (GLT)

M&M APPENDIX

Floor to wall connection

M&M APPENDIX

Typical column, beam floor assemblies

Intumescent paints Firestop 99 and Fx-100 are recommended to increase the fire resistance rating of 45 minutes of mass timber to a mandatory 1 hour. Firestop 99 by Sansin Corporation Firestop 99 is used to increase the standard fire resistance rating. This paint reacts to high temperatures by swelling up to 50 times of the paint and insulating the wood structure effectively increasing the burn through time to 30 to 60 minutes.

Effect of Firestop 99 Fx-100 by Flame Seal Products

Fx-100 is a clear two-part coating with a substantially lower activation temperature. Upon exposure to heat Fx-100 coating intumesces, building a foam char up to 100 times the thickness of the original thickness of the coating.

M&M APPENDIX

Substructure The substructure has an RCC mat slab foundation, RCC shear wall all along the periphery of the structure below grade and a two way flat slab structural system. The flat slab system obviates the beams unlike in the conventional framed RCC structure. There was a saving of 500mm of height in each floor

Flat slab floor plan

Schematic diagram of a flat slab system

A total of 1800 mm is the thickness of foundation which includes a protection slab, mat slab a layer of gravel and the finished slab besides a water proof membrane and a blotter course.

Mat slab foundation

M&M APPENDIX

RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE OFFICE BUILDING IN MASS TIMBER

Based on the comparative study of two separate data recommendations for the cross sectional dimensions of columns and beams are given as below.

BEAMS: Data 1

Span

Width

Depth

30’-0” (9145mm)

8 ¾” ( 222mm)

27” (685mm)

22’-0” (6705mm)

6 ¾” (171mm)

22 ½”(571mm)

17’-0” (5364mm)

5 1/8”(130mm)

15” (381mm)

Span

Width

Depth

21’-0” (6400mm)

5 1/8”(130mm)

21’

15’-0” (4572mm)

5 1/8”(130mm)

16 ½”(419mm)

10’-0” (3048mm)

5 1/8”(130mm)

10 ½”(266mm)

Length

Width

Depth

18’-0”(5486mm)

8 ½”(215mm)

8 ¼” (209mm)

15’-0”(4572mm)

6 ¾”(161mm)

8 ¼” (209mm)

12’-0”(3657mm)

6 ¾”(161mm)

6 7/8”(174mm)

10’-0”(3048mm)

6 ¾”(161mm)

6 7/8”(174mm)

BEAMS: Data 2

(533mm)

COLUMN: Data1

COLUMN: Data 2 Length

Floor st

Width

Depth

16’-0”(4876mm)

1 floor

13 ½”(342mm)

12’-0”(3657mm)

3rd floor

12” (304mm)

10’-0”(3048mm)

6th floor

10” (254mm)

M&M APPENDIX

APPENDIX (Contd.)

EXTERIOR WALL Multi layered wall assemblies for the exterior walls, illustrated in the accompanying diagram gives a high thermal resistance rating to the building envelope.

Thermal Control The framed portion of this wall assembly has an R value of R-1920 when insulated with cellulose.

Air leakage Control By adding exterior insulation as part of the EIFS construction, temperature of the sheathing (condensation) increases. Exterior wall assembly

PARAMETRIC SYSTEM FOR 3D CURTAIN WALLS Schuco Parametric System, is used in this project to achieve easy system solution which can be calculated with the certainty of a series product. This has a continuous, closed digital process chain in all phases of design, planning and fabrication. This system consists of linear single bars and their connecting node points. These can be adjusted dynamically, thus providing maximum design flexibility. The three dimensional tubular frame geometries can be varied and shaped using the individual node points. The points within the limiting frame geometry will be positioned according to the design. The corner points of the frame geometry permit the module to be inclined up to

30 degrees. Projections of 100mm to 750mm are made possible by moving the central node points in the depth axis

System Components

M&M APPENDIX

41 A B

A. Glazing support. B. Structural glazing bonding. C. Sealing profile. D. Adapter profile. E . Glazing rebate insulation. F. Cover profile. G. Tube frame. H. Basic tube with steel node corner cleat. I. Plastic attachment profile. J. Unit frame profile as project solution

Transition from Project solution to system solution

Central section detail through the glazing without mechanical fixing.

M&M APPENDIX

Top section detail through the glazing without mechanical fixing

Central section detail through the opaque panel without mechanical fixing

Layouts

is Jarv S t.

al Mutu St.

st t. Ea S d r a Gerr

st t. Ea rd S a r r Ge

is Jarv S t.

st t. Ea S d r a Gerr

al Mutu St.

rc h Chu S t.

No.

Description

Date

OFFICE BUILDING SITE PLAN 0001

Project number Date

MAR-2020

Drawn by

Site

Author

Checked by

Checker

A-100

1 : 1000 Scale

1 : 1000

1 A-111

30680 8070

5878

5267

4866

6599

6 8115

Vestibule

8723

30900

5 Retail 1 Lobby

70 Ã¸1

A-110 ELE FHC

Storage

4255

Recycling

3 3808

3 Car lift

Retail 2

Custodial Storage

2 Car Lift

6000

1 : 200

Description

Date

2 Loading area

OFFICE BUILDING

Ground Floor

No.

1 A

GROUND FLOOR PLAN 0001

Project number Date

MAR-2020

Drawn by

Author

Checked by

Checker

A-101 Scale

1 : 200

1 A-111

8070

5878

30680 5267

4866

6599

6 8115

6 Fitness Area

Lounge

8723

Open to below

1 A-110 ELE

Telecom FHC

Mail Room

No.

Description

Date

3808

15 00

GARBAGE

Ã¸

COPY AREA

Study Room

B.F. WR

4255

30900

Lobby

2 Dining

Multi faith

6000

Game Room

OFFICE BUILDING

Kitchen

2nd FLOOR PLAN OFFICE AREA

0001

Project number Date

MAR-2020

Drawn by

Author

Checked by

2nd Floor 1 : 200

Checker

A-102 Scale

1 : 200

1 A-111

B 8070

C 5878

30680 5267

4866

6599

8115

MANAGER OFFICE

WORKSTATION SPACE

8723

MEETING ROOM 10 PERSONS

1 A-110

Ã¸

OFFICE

00 15

B.F. WR

UNISEX WR

CONFERENCE ROOM 30 PERSONS

GARBAGE

2p MEETING POD

FHC

4255

30900

MANAGER OFFICE ELE

COPY ROOM

3808

STUDY ROOM

No.

Description

Date

MANAGER OFFICE

OFFICE

LARGE WORKSTATION SPACE

6000

EXECUTIVE OFFICE MANAGER OFFICE

OFFICE BUILDING

4 MEETING ROOMS 6 PERSONS

3rd FLOOR PLAN OFFICE AREA

0001

Project number Date

MAR-2020

Drawn by

Author

Checked by

3rd Floor 1 : 200

Checker

A-103 Scale

1 : 200

1 A-111

30680 8070

5878

5267

4866

6599

8115

MANAGER OFFICE

WORKSTATION SPACE

8723

MEETING ROOM 10 PERSONS

1 A-110

17 00

Ã¸

UNIVERSAL WR

OFFICE

IT CENTER

UNISEX WR

GARBAGE

FHC

2 MEETING POD 2per

4255 3808

MEETING ROOM 6 PERSONS

4 3

COPY ROOM STUDY ROOM 2 MEETING POD 2per

30900

MANAGER OFFICE ELE

No.

Description

Date

MANAGER OFFICE

LARGE WORKSTATION SPACE

6000

EXECUTIVE OFFICE

STUDY ROOM

MANAGER OFFICE

OFFICE BUILDING

MANAGER OFFICE

4th FLOOR PLAN OFFICE AREA

0001

Project number Date

MAR-2020

Drawn by

Author

Checked by

4th Floor 1 : 200

Checker

A-104 Scale

1 : 200

1 A-111

30680 8070

5878

5267

4866

6599

8115

MANAGER OFFICE

WORKSTATION SPACE

8723

MEETING ROOM 10 PERSONS

ELE

4255

2p MEETING POD

FHC

Ã¸

OFFICE

MEETING ROOM 16 PERSONS

00 15

UNISEX WR

B.F. WR

3808

No.

Description

Date

MANAGER OFFICE

OFFICE

4 3

COPY ROOM STUDY ROOM

MEETING ROOM 16 PERSONS

30900

MEETING ROOM 10 PERSONS

GARBAGE

MEETING ROOM 10 PERSONS

30900

1 A-110

MANAGER OFFICE

6000

LARGE WORKSTATION SPACE

RESOURCES CENTER

OFFICE BUILDING

EXECUTIVE OFFICE

HOTELING SPACES

5th FLOOR PLAN OFFICE AREA

5th Floor 1 : 200

0001

Project number Date

MAR-2020

Drawn by

Author

Checked by

Checker

A-105 Scale

1 : 200

A-111

30680 8070

5878

5267

4866

6599

6 8115

MANAGER OFFICE

WORKSTATION SPACE

8723

MEETING ROOM 10 PERSONS

MANAGER OFFICE ELE

4255

2p MEETING POD

FHC

Ã¸

OFFICE

00 15

B.F. WR

UNISEX WR

GARBAGE

MEETING ROOM 10 PERSONS

30900

MEETING ROOM 16 PERSONS

3 3808

Description

Date

MANAGER OFFICE LARGE WORKSTATION SPACE

6000

No.

MANAGER OFFICE

OFFICE

HOTELING SPACES

4 3

COPY ROOM MEETING ROOM 16 PERSONS

A-110

EXECUTIVE OFFICE

OFFICE BUILDING

EXECUTIVE OFFICE

30680

6th FLOOR PLAN OFFICE AREA

0001

Project number Date

MAR-2020

Drawn by

6th Floor 1 : 200

Author

Checked by

Checker

A-106 Scale

1 : 200

1 A-111

30680 8070

5878

5267

4866

6599

8115

8723

4255

30900

A-110

3808

No.

Description

Date

6000

OFFICE BUILDING

ROOF PLAN 0001

Project number Date

MAR-2020

Drawn by

Author

Checked by

Roof 1 : 200

Checker

A-107 Scale

1 : 200

A-111

33830 6630

8400

10117

8600

11 5450

Shower Room

10 7696

10 Storage Area

Bicycle Storage

Custodial Storage

Mail Room

9 Control Room

1 ELE

Vestibule

FHC

Electrical Room

Telecom Room

VESTIBULE

Storage Room

9987

36050

A-110

No.

OFFICE BUILDING

Description

Date

7533

Car Lift 1 DRIVEWAY 6M Car Lift 2

5353

Bicycle Storage

BASMENT-1 PLAN

0001

Project number Date

B1 Floor

MAR-2020

Drawn by

Author

Checked by

Checker

A-108

1 : 200 Scale

1 : 200

1 A-111

33830 6630

8400

11 5450

5100

8600

STORAGE ROOM

10 DRIVEWAY 6M

7696

9 1 A-110

VESTIBULE

Storage

4255

36050 5733

VESTIBULE

3 No.

7533

Car lift

Description

Date

DRIVEWAY 6M Car Lift

OFFICE BUILDING

5353

STORAGE ROOM

TYPICAL BASEMENT PLAN 0001

Project number

Date

MAR-2020

Drawn by

Author

Checked by

B2 - B5 Floor 1 : 200

Checker

A-109 Scale

1 : 200

14600 4th Floor 11200 3rd Floor 7800 2nd Floor

3400

5th Floor

3400

18000

3400

6th Floor

3400

22000

4000

Roof

4400

-5700 B3 Floor -8500 B4 Floor -11300 B5 Floor

2800

B2 Floor

No.

SECTION A 0001

Project number Date

MAR-2020

Drawn by

Author

Checked by

Section A 1 : 200

Date

OFFICE BUILDING

-14100 Foundation -16200

Description

2800

-2900

2800

B1 Floor

2100 2800

2900

Ground Floor

Checker

A-110 Scale

1 : 200

3 A-112

Roof 22000 6th Floor 18000 5th Floor 14600 4th Floor 11200 3rd Floor 7800 2nd Floor 4400 Ground Floor 0 B1 Floor -2900

No.

Description

Date

B2 Floor -5700 B3 Floor -8500 B4 Floor

OFFICE BUILDING

-11300

SECTION B

B5 Floor -14100 Foundation

Project number

-16200

Date

0001 MAR-2020

Drawn by

Author

Checked by

Section B 1 : 200

Checker

A-111 Scale

1 : 200

A-112

Roof 22000

6th Floor 18000

5th Floor 14600

1 A-112

Detail 5 1 : 50

4th Floor 11200

3rd Floor

No.

Description

Date

7800

2nd Floor 4400

OFFICE BUILDING

SECTION DETAILS 0001

Project number Date

Ground Floor

Drawn by

1 : 50

Checker

A-112

Detail 3 1 : 100

Author

Checked by

Detail 4

MAR-2020

Scale

As indicated

Roof 22000 5

6th Floor

A-113

18000 5th Floor 14600 4th Floor 3

3rd Floor

Ã¸

A-113

7800

2nd Floor 4400

B.F. WR

11200

15 00

Stairs Callout 1 : 100

4 Ground Floor

A-113 Cast-in-place concrete

Cast-in-place concrete

B1 Floor -2900

No.

Description

Date

B2 Floor B3 Floor -8500

3rd Floor 7800 2100

-5700

B4 Floor -11300

40mm Poured Concrete

OFFICE BUILDING

Acoustical Insulation

5 CLT Layers

B5 Floor -14100 Foundation

EXIT STAIR DETAIL

Cast-in-place concrete

-16200

0001

Project number Date

MAR-2020

Drawn by

Author

Checked by

Stair Section 1 : 200

Detail 1 1 : 50

A-113

Detail 2 1 : 25

Checker

Scale

As indicated

No.

Description

Date

OFFICE BUILDING

ASSEMBLiES DETAILS 0001

Project number Date

MAR-2020

Drawn by

Author

Checked by

Checker

A-114 Scale

Roof 22000 6th Floor 18000 5th Floor 14600 4th Floor 11200 3rd Floor 7800 2nd Floor 4400

No.

Description

Date

Ground Floor 0

OFFICE BUILDING

NORTH ELEVATION 0001

Project number Date

North

MAR-2020

Drawn by

Author

Checked by

1 : 200

Checker

A-115 Scale

1 : 200

Roof 22000 6th Floor 18000 5th Floor 14600 4th Floor 11200 3rd Floor 7800 2nd Floor

No.

Description

Date

4400 Ground Floor 0

OFFICE BUILDING

WEST ELEVATION 0001

Project number Date

West

MAR-2020

Drawn by

Author

Checked by

Checker

A-116

1 : 200 Scale

1 : 200

Roof 22000 6th Floor 18000 5th Floor 14600 4th Floor 11200 3rd Floor 7800

No.

Description

Date

2nd Floor 4400 Ground Floor 0

OFFICE BUILDING

SOUTH ELEVATION 0001

Project number Date

MAR-2020

Drawn by

South 1 : 200

Author

Checked by

Checker

A-117 Scale

1 : 200

Roof 22000 6th Floor 18000 5th Floor 14600 4th Floor 11200 3rd Floor 7800 2nd Floor 4400

No.

Description

Date

Ground Floor 0

OFFICE BUILDING EAST ELEVATION 0001

Project number Date

East

MAR-2020

Drawn by

Author

Checked by

1 : 200

Checker

A-118 Scale

1 : 200

No.

Description

Date

OFFICE BUILDING

PERSPECTIVE SECTION 0001

Project number Date

MAR-2020

Drawn by

Author

Checked by

Perspective Section

Checker

A-119 Scale

No.

Description

Date

OFFICE BUILDING 3D ELEVATION 0001

Project number Date

MAR-2020

Drawn by

Author

Checked by

Checker

A-120

North Elevation Scale

No.

Description

Date

OFFICE BUILDING

ROOM SCHEDULE 0001

Project number Date

MAR-2020

Drawn by

Author

Checked by

Checker

A-121 Scale

No.

Description

Date

OFFICE BUILDING

ROOM SCHEDULE 0001

Project number Date

MAR-2020

Drawn by

Author

Checked by

Checker

A-122 Scale

Reception / Feature stairs - 2nd floor

No.

Description

Date

OFFICE BUILDING Rendering 0001

Project number Date

MAR-2020

Drawn by

Author

Checked by

Checker

A-123 Lobby - 2nd floor

Scale

Workspace - 4th floor

Workspace - 5th floor

No.

Description

Date

OFFICE BUILDING Rendering 0001

Project number Date

MAR-2020

Drawn by

Author

Checked by

Dining area - 2nd floor

Lobby - 2nd floor

Checker

A-124 Scale

View on the entrance

View on the west facade

No.

Description

Date

OFFICE BUILDING Rendering 0001

Project number Date

MAR-2020

Drawn by

Author

Checked by

Checker

A-125 View on the east facade - retail

Scale

No.

Description

Date

OFFICE BUILDING Rendering

View on the Office Building

0001

Project number Date

MAR-2020

Drawn by

Author

Checked by

Checker

A-126 Scale