How you can help! 1. Get active on the streets
5. DONATE to our campaign
Set up an info stand. Find out where you can set up an info stand or hand out leaflets outside your local British Heart Foundation or Cancer Research UK store. Set up a Facebook event and encourage others to join you! We can provide leaflets, posters and social media graphics to help you. You can also join Animal Justice Project organised Cures Not Cruelty events.
Your contributions will help us expose the truth about how charities are using public donations to pay for needless experiments on animals, which include dogs and cats. These charities are in fact holding back medical advancement. Please consider making a donation today: animaljusticeproject.com/donate
To make your event more visible, download and print our posters from: animaljusticeproject.com/curesnotcruelty
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6. Order your FREE leaflets Help to end animal abuse by distributing a pack of 100 leaflets – we send our leaflets out free of charge but a donation towards printing costs is greatly appreciated. Order yours at: animaljusticeproject.com/curesnotcruelty 1 /2017 14:41 Page 8_17_c:CNC 11/09
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2. Get active online Tell British Heart Foundation and Cancer Research UK that you do not support cruel and unnecessary experiments on animals.
Sign our British Heart Foundation petition: animaljusticeproject.com/bhf-petition
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Sign our Cancer Research UK petition: animaljusticeproject.com/cruk-petition
Fact Sheet Cancer The majority of cancers are caused by lifestyle factors, including diet (Ahmad et al., 2015). Numerous studies have proven that countries with high intakes of animal products have high rates of cancers including bowel, breast and prostate (Hausen & Villers, 2015; Kroenke et al., 2013).
Animal products have been shown to increase the risk of liver, lung, oesophageal, cervical, ovarian, pancreatic, stomach and bladder cancer. While dairy products generally increase the risk of cancers related to hormones (Greger, 2012; Allen, 2008). Saturated fat, animal protein, haemoglobin iron, salt and cancer-causing compounds called NOCs, HCAs and PAHs are all responsible for increasing cancer risk. Animal protein increases levels of a growth hormone called IGF-1, which increases the risk of cancers (Tantamango-Bartley et al., 2013; Allen et al., 2002, 2000). IGF-1 levels are lower among vegans (Greger, 2012). NOCs (in preserved meat), bind to DNA and cause mutations that can lead to cancer. Although all meats contain at least some NOCs, cooking meat at high temperatures produce greater cancer-causing HCAs and PAHs (Jenkins et al., 2006). Avoiding meat completely is therefore an effective way of reducing the risk of cancer (Papaioannou et al., 2014; Wang et al., 2014).
3. Spread the word on social media
Find us on Share our Cures Not Cruelty social media graphics and events. Use the hashtag #CuresNotCruelty to help us reach as many people as possible! Watch this video on how eating meat causes cancer and share it: youtu.be/Hezmj7BWLTw
Fish-eaters and vegetarians have a lower risk of cancer but it is lower still in vegans. UK vegans have a 19% lower risk than meat-eaters. Similar results were found in the United States (Bouvard et al., 2015).
4. Change your social media banners We have done the work for you! Simply change your Facebook and/or Twitter covers to one of the graphics available on our website: animaljusticeproject.com/curesnotcruelty
‘The China Study’, demonstrated important relationships between dietary patterns and cancer risk (Campbell and
animaljusticeproject.com/curesnotcruelty
Photo: Chris Yarzab
Junshi, 1994). The study involved 65 Chinese counties and focused on their diets and health. Campbell and Junshi (1994) reported that several major diseases such as brain, breast, colon and lung cancer, leukemia, cardiovascular disease and diabetes were all associated with affluent diets. In other words, these diseases were directly associated with the intake of milk, meat, eggs, animal fat and protein whilst diets high in fibre, antioxidants (mainly from fruit and vegetables) and pulses seemed to have a preventative effect. Grant (2013) undertook a comprehensive study on data from 87 countries to examine the relationship between © FAADA / iStock lifestyle and cancer. The results showed that the main factor notably contributing to 12 types of cancer was animal product consumption.
Bowel Cancer The link between animal products and bowel cancer is well-known (O’Keefe et al., 2015; Figueiredo et al., 2014; Murphy et al., 2012). People who eat 400g or more of meat a day can be exposed to as many NOCs as a smoker! Bowel cancer is the leading cause of cancer death among non-smokers in affluent countries (Zhu et al., 2015). Providing better dietary advice is the key to saving lives and should be a major goal for our public health service.
Breast Cancer Links between diet and breast cancer are long suspected. The US Nurses’ Health Study found that daily servings of meat increased the risk substantially (Sieri et al., 2004) – especially in women using oral contraceptives. For women who have had breast cancer, just one serving of whole dairy a day can increase their chance of dying from the disease by 64% (Kroenke et al., 2013). Breast cancer affects one in eight women in the UK, so consumption of animal products should be a public health concern (Korde et al., 2009; Plant, 2007). Dietary advice given at mammography screenings would be an effective way of helping women (Karger, 2010; Brennan et al., 2010; Butler et al., 2010; Cade et al., 2007).
Ovarian and Cervical Cancer The World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) 2007 and 2009 reports reveal that ovarian cancer is most frequent in high income countries and also that there seems to be a direct relationship between vegetable intake and ovarian and cervical cancer. Several studies showed that the higher the intake of vegetables, the lower the risk of this type of cancer, whilst dietary cholesterol and egg consumption was increasing the risk (Pan et al., 2004; Hu et al., 2015; Ghosh et al., 2008; García-Closas et al., 2005). Plant (2007) revealed that women with unhealthy diets based on meat have 3.3 times higher cervical cancer risk than women whose diets are plant-based.
Prostate Cancer A HCA called PhiP has long been suspected of linking the consumption of animal products and prostate cancer. Cooked chicken contains high amounts of PhI Ps (Chan, 2001). Dairy increases a man’s risk of prostate cancer by 34 % (Berkow et al., 2007; Ganmaa et al., 2002). The ‘Prostate Cancer Lifestyle Trial’ found men recently diagnosed with prostate cancer were able to delay treatment for at least two years by following a
vegan diet. Despite this evidence, public health advice on the link between diet and prostate cancer is sparse (Gao et al., 2005; Chan et al., 2001, 2000; Cohen, 1998).
Lung Cancer High intakes of meat are linked to lung cancer – one of the most common and serious types of cancer. In 2007, the WCRF said that red and processed meats might be a cause. The ‘NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study’ was in no doubt – it found meat is linked to cancers of the bowel, lung, liver and oesophagus. Lung cancer causes include heavy metals, synthetic hormones, NOCs, HCAs and PAHs, haem iron and animal protein, which increases IGF-1. Whereas high intakes of vegetables, fruit and soya reduce the risk of lung cancer (Hosseini et al., 2014; Bravi et al., 2013; Büchner et al., 2010a, 2010b; Butland et al., 2000).
Kidney Cancer Studies show that cancer-causing HCAs and PAHs in cooked meat are linked to kidney cancer. One theory is that they activate enzymes, which make them behave differently. This causes mutations in DNA structures that can lead to cancer (Barnard et al., 2006).
Pancreatic Cancer Pancreatic cancer is the fourth most common cause of cancer death worldwide. By removing animal fat, HCAs, PAHs and haem iron from their diets, vegans have a much lower risk of this disease than meat-eaters. The huge Europeanwide ‘EPIC Study’ found strong links with chicken and suggested that antibiotics given to poultry to prevent the growth of parasites may be responsible. It also found viruses in undercooked meat may be involved. So you are damned if you cook it, and damned if you don’t! (Liu et al., 2014; Lucenteforte et al., 2013; Bao et al., 2013; Bosetti et al., 2013; Jansen et al., 2011).
Stomach Cancer The links between processed meat and stomach cancer, the fifth most common cancer worldwide, have been known about for over a decade. The World Health Organisation has reported links between processed meat and stomach cancer and the WCRF agreed, saying that grilled and barbecued meat increases the risk. (Bravi et al., 2013; Tantamango-Bartley et al., 2013; Lucenteforte et al., 2009; Bertuccio et al., 2013; Bravi et al., 2012a, 2012b). Cancer Research UK recommends people swap processed meats for “chicken, eggs and fish” even though eating less than one egg per day could double the risk of the cancer spreading (Bouvard et al., 2015) and that chicken and fish, no matter how ‘organic’ still harbour the cancer causing substances and
properties mentioned (Hernandez et al., 2015; Romera et al., 2012; McMahon, 2011; Greger, 2009; Doréa, 2004). A recent study by the University of Oxford, looking at how diet affects cancer risk, revealed that vegans have a much lower risk of getting the disease (Bradbury et al., 2014). Authors of a review of studies on cancer and diet (Lanou and Svenson, 2010) agree that diets rich in plant-based foods decrease the risk of cancer.
It is much healthier to cut out animal products altogether (Wang et al, 2014; Walda et al, 2002). Yet less than one per cent of Cancer Research UK’s annual £600 million income is being used on preventative measures!
Heart disease Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a general term for diseases of the heart or blood vessels. The main types of CVD are coronary heart disease, stroke and peripheral arterial disease. Coronary heart disease occurs when the flow of blood into the heart is limited or blocked, by a build-up of plaques in the coronary arteries (Crowe et al., 2013). Restricted blood supply to the heart can cause angina (chest pain) and, if the supply is completely blocked it causes collapse of the heart muscle, a heart attack. Animal products are high in cholesterol and saturated fat (no plant food contains cholesterol) (Crowe et al 2013; Appleby et al., 2002). As these fatty substances build up inside the walls of arteries in the form of “plaque,” blood flow to the body is reduced. Normal bodily functions are impaired, resulting in disease, most notably heart disease (Bradbury et al., 2014; Huang et al, 2012). Studies have found that vegans have the lowest and meat-eaters the highest blood pressure (McDougall et al., 2014, He et al., 2006). The same goes for blood cholesterol levels (Gustafson & Goldhammer, 2014; Goldhammer 1997). Vegans also have better blood sugar control (Ornish, 1998; Ornish, 1990).
Studies have shown that a healthy vegan diet can stop and even reverse heart disease (Petterson et al., 2012). People following a plant-based diet have 2.5 times fewer cardiac events, including heart attacks, strokes, bypass surgery, and angioplasty (Wang et al., 2015; Esselstyn et al., 2014).
Low fat, plant-based diets are more than twice as powerful at controlling and/or reversing heart disease yet the British Heart Foundation continues to recommend meat and dairy! (Trepanowski & Varady, 2015; Esselstyn et al., 2014; Li et al., 2014b; Dod et al., 2010; Esselstyn et al., 2007). The amount of people who die from cardiovascular disease is the equivalent of FOUR jumbo jets crashing every single HOUR, every single DAY, every single YEAR! The British Heart Foundation and Cancer Research UK recommend eating fish and poultry, even though eating one egg per day is just as bad as smoking five cigarettes per day for life expectancy (Greger, 2013; Spence et al., 2012; Baer, 2010). These charities focus on alcohol, smoking, stress and ethnicity as contributory factors yet they recommend the consumption of milk and dairy, stating that “you should have two to three portions of milk and dairy foods a day” along with “some meat, fish, eggs”. The United States Department of Agriculture states however that eggs cannot be labelled as a nutritious part of a balanced diet (Greger, 2014; Greger, 2013) and that there are no studies showing eating eggs and meat in moderation can turn heart disease around (Greger, 2016). These charities recommend choosing lean cuts and removing the visible fat and skin to help people eat meat ‘as part of a balanced diet’. Also swapping processed meat for white meat, such as chicken, though it is the number one dietary source of cholesterol in Britain! They also recommend eating fish, despite fish containing mercury, saturated fats and cholesterol (Romero, 2012; Greger, 2009; Doréa 2004; Esselstyn et al., 1995; Orish et al., 1990).
References For a list of references used in this document, please refer to the bibliography available at: animaljusticeproject/curesnotcruelty/factsheet-refs