BRAZILIAN ASSOCIATION INDUSTRY BIOMASS BRAZIL BIOMASS AND RENEWABLE ENERGY
EUROPEAN ENERGY SRL
BRAZIL AGRO PELLETS BAGASSE SUGAR CANE POWER ENERGY
BRAZILIAN ASSOCIATION INDUSTRY BIOMASS - BRAZIL BIOMASS AND RENEWABLE ENERGY Brazil. 570 Candido Hartmann 24-243 Curitiba Parana 80730-440 Phone: +005541 33352284 +005541 88630864 Skype Brazil Biomass e-mail: diretoria@brasilbiomassa.com.br brazilbiomass@aol.com woodpellets@aol.com Url Internacional Business Biomass http://www.internationalrenewablesenergy.com Blog Europe http://businessbiomass.blog.co.uk/?prev=1118392
BRAZILIAN ASSOCIATION INDUSTRY OF BIOMASS AND RENEWABLE ENERGY
The ABIB - Brazilian Association of Industry Biomass and Renewable Energy was founded in 2009 as a national association and currently brings together leading 452 companies from biomass in Brazil. We look forward to hear your opinions on our service and products and strive to fulfill your expectations and develop a very profitable partnership. A group of leading biomass companies in Brazil formed the Brazilian Association of Industry Biomass and Renewable Energy or Biomass Thermal Energy Council dedicated to advancing the use of biomass for heat and other thermal energy applications. Brazilian Association of Industry Biomass and Renewable Energy is a member of the associated World Bioenergy Association: “was formed in 2008 in an effort to provide the wide range of actors in the bioenergy sector a global organisation to support them in their endeavours. The WBA board recently decided to create several working groups to address a number of issues including certification, sustainability, standardisation, bioenergy promotion, and the debates about bioenergy's impact on food, land-use, and water supplies. WBA is supported by national and international bioenergy associations to be the international bioenergy body that joins with the world‟s solar, wind, geothermal and hydro associations on the global level in the REN-Alliance. We encourage national and regional organisations, institutions and companies to join WBA as we look to expand our membership base. Working together, we can responsibly build the market for bioenergy”.Brazilian Association of Industry Biomass and Renewable Energy is a member of the associated World Bioenergy Association and Swedish Bioenergy Association, International Energy Initiative NGO, Canadian Bionergy Association, Zambia National Farmers Union‟s, American Council of Renewable Energy , Institution for Sustainable Energy Policies, European Biomass Association e African Centre for Technology Studies. Celso Oliveira President Brazilian Association Industry Biomass and Renewable Energy
BRAZILIAN ASSOCIATION BIOMASS PRODUCTION INDUSTRIAL
COMPANIES
CAPACITY YEAR (MT)
FOREST - BIOMASS
198
7.185.500
WOOD CHIPS
88
4.575.023
WOOD BRIQUETE
65
830.010
AGROBRIQUETE
07
71.922
WOOD PELLETS
10
318,789
AGROPELLETS BAGAÇO CANA
05
216.600
BRAZIL BIOMASS AND RENEWABLE ENERGY WOODCHIPS – AGROPELLETS - BRIQUETTE
Brazil Biomass and Renewable Energy is an integrated sustainable energy solutions provider with a vision to contribute to clean energy generation through focus on bio energy, including agro pellets bagasse sugar cane, biomass fuels and power energy and other forms of clean energy generation. Brazil's Biomass core purpose is to increase energy access globally in a sustainable manner. Energy Solutions based on biomass agropellets and biofuels cleaner and renewable energy for large national and international companies, in order to mitigate the impact that their activities have on the environment by reducing emission of greenhouse gases, generating earnings in its financial account of energy and the sale of carbon credits. Brazil Biomass has a portfolio of low-carbon energy technologies and a range of products and services, which together can meet the demands from the industrial, public and commercial sectors, as well as the community on a large scale. Driven by a set of core values Brazil Biomass is charting its course in the global renewable energy sector with a strong focus and presence in the bio energy segment. Vision. In the long term - and we will bear witness to this future - an energy policy can only prevail if it is based on sustainable sources of heat and energy. Biomass, specifically agro pellets, will emerge as a key heat and power source in the years ahead. Biomass allows for more energy-efficient power solutions than solar and wind, and it faces nearly no geographical limitations. The total worldwide agro pellets potential for energetic use exceeds the global energy requirements. National and international policies to promote the utilization of biomass agro pellets. Mission. Brazil Biomass leading producer and supplier of agro pellets bagasse sugar cane in Brazil for private households, as well as for commercial and industrial use. We want to supply the necessary feedstock to allow industrial users to ultimately substitute fossil fuels and retailers to develop and strengthen their customer base. Brazil is a founder-member of the Brazilian Association Industry Biomass and Renewable Energy (ABIB) an organization established to promote and coordinate the development of the BioEnergy industry in Brazil. Brazil Biomass supports the ABIB and its activities through its presence at national and international forums, assistance with bringing out scientific, technical and industry publications, co-operation with policy makers, and other initiatives.
BRAZIL BIOMASS AND RENEWABLE ENERGY WOODCHIPS – AGROPELLETS - BRIQUETTE
Export Wood Chips Biomass Brazil. Technical meeting with the directors of The European Biomass and companies pellets in Europe. Business Plan for the Implementation of Industrial Plant Wood Briquette in Santa Catarina for the Bank BMG. Deployment Plant Industrial Wood Chips in Santa Catarina and Brazil's first export of Wood Chips
Development of Biomass Project in Brazil with thematic discussions with more than 150 Brazilian companies from wood chips, biomass pellets and briquettes. Process Development Export Wood Chips by Terminal Arraial do Cabo RJ. Project Maranhão involving the maximization of babassu briquette. Prototype registered briquette of cocoa, coconut, coffee and rice.
Project Support Residual Biomass for Energy Portugal is designed to replace coal in Thermoelectric. Technical meeting with European Biomass Industry. Meeting with 42 companies with biomass projects in 12 countries.
MOU signed with DAMP Energy, Bio Energy and Energy Gaia Group Bertin. Consultancy for the Export of Wood Chips with Wood Group Aracruz. Project Brazil Foundation of the Brazilian Association of Biomass and Renewable Energy. Trade Agreement with DaiEi Papers Export Wood Chips China and Lee Energy United States. Plant Industrial AgroPellets Bagasse Sugar Cane São Paulo
BRAZIL BIOMASS – INDUSTRIAL BIOMASS – WOODCHIPS – PELLETS - AGROPELLETS Brazil Biomass – Industrial Biomass and WoodPellets – Maranhão – Brazil Plant Production Year Biomass 300.000 mt Wood Pellets – 60.000 mt
Brazil Biomass – Industrial AgroPellets Bagasse Sugar Cane - São Paulo – Brazil Plant Production Year AgroPellets Bagasse Sugar Cane 120.000 mt
Brazil Biomass – Industrial WoodChips Paper and Pulp – Santa Catarina – Brazil Plant Production Year Hard WoodChips 360.000 BDMT and Soft WoodChips – 240.000 BDMT
ENVIRONMENTAL - EFFICIENCY AND SUSTAINABILITY BENEFITS AGROPELLETS
Sustainability Agro Pellets are recognised as being one of the richest sources of pure, sustainable, eco friendly fuels in the world. Compared to fossil fuels such as oil or gas, agropellets are considered much friendlier to the environment because they produce less CO2, the gas which is contributing to global climate change. There are a number of reasons why using agropellets produces less CO2: 1) Burning Agro pellets is considered as a CO2 neutral process. The CO2 released into the atmosphere is the same amount as absorbed by the original sugar cane that the agro pellets are made from. Meaning the overall release of CO2 is zero. Also the CO2 released can then be reabsorbed as another sugar cane, thus continuing the cycle. 2) Manufacturing Agro Pellets is a relatively straightforward process which involves compressing bagasse into a agro pellet. The process uses little energy and emits very little CO2, especially when compared to something like oil refining. 3) Agro Pellets are available locally. This means that transportation (which produces CO2) from the plant sugar cane (bagasse) to the factory and then from the factory to you is reduced. Environmental Benefits. Natural AgroPellets Bagasse Sugar Cane . Clean Burning. Renewable. Agropellet have many environmental benefits over traditional heating solutions. Brazil Biomass Energy is the Green Solution. Efficiency Benefits. At Brazil Biomass, we have taken every consideration to provide the best product on the market at a low direct cost and with minimal impact on the environment. Our practices are both efficient and impactful. Agropellet fuel is one of the most inexpensive, sustainable, renewable, and carbon neutral fuel sources in the world. Natureâ€&#x;s Energy AgroPellets are consistent in size. Uniform size gives a high burn efficiency, as a result of consistency. Content and Ash Content result in low carbon emissions. Less moisture also makes it possible to transport fuel source in a fixed space. Durability Index - 97.5.
Sustainability Benefits. Agropellets are a sustainable resource and require minimal processing for use. Made from natural materials - bagasse sugar cane and reducing our environmental footprint. Agropellets are the environmentally sound choice and the fastest way to decrease our foreign oil dependency so that we can sustain growth in our domestic industry.
AGRIPELLETS – EUROPEAN BIOMASS INDUSTRY - EUROPEAN PELLET CENTRE
European Biomass Industry Association have been promoting the research and application of the biorefinery concept for many years. Some of the most promising technologies identified. The refining and stabilization of solid biomass (ex. agricultural residues) through pelletisation (agro-pellets) for advanced power generation or co-firing. Production of BioH2 from agricultural and forestry residues. Many materials originated by agriculture could be used for production of densified biomass fuels agri-pellet. Some of them are straw, grain hull waste, sugar beet waste, pruning, fruit stone, dry fruit waste, cork, grain, cotton, malt and tobacco waste, with obviously, woody residues. The use of Agro-pellets reduces considerably the investments cost for biomass power (allow for reduced boiler size, better combustion efficiency).
EUROPEAN PELLET CENTRE The booming success of wood pellets in European Countries such as Austria, Denmark and Sweden, has yet to be replicated elsewhere. In Southern European countries, the lack of available wood waste means that pellets from agricultural residues ("agri-pellets") are the most promising solution. With raw materials that costs a fraction of raw materials for wood pellets, and an availability around ten times greater, the potential of this market is immense. Renewable energy represents a major interest field in the sustainable development of the energies reserve. Agri-pellets are an efficient version of the average pellet, both in reducing greenhouse gas and in reducing energy costs. Agricultural and forestry biomass represent the raw material for pellets and agri-pellets processing, a product that is used as an alternative energy source to classic versions (wood). The mixtures humidity is very important because it has a major impact on product quality.. Agripellets may cause several harmful emissions and problems in the equipment (like reduction of efficiency and corrosion), as well as production of high amounts of ash , they are suited for utilization in large burners (from > 200 kW). In those conditions, the investments for protection of the burner and the atmosphere are bet te justified. A recommendation is therefore to reserve the agripellet for larger users, including power plants. The more expensive wood pellets can then be applied for the domestic users.
BRAZIL BIOMASS AND RENEWABLE ENERGY AGROPELLETS BAGASSE SUGAR CANE
Agropellets Bagasse cofiring in large thermal power stations - an effective way to reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions
BRAZIL BIOMASS AND RENEWABLE ENERGY CARBON CYCLE SUGAR CANE
According to an estimate the current level of carbon dioxide in atmosphere is 819 GtC or 384.8 ppm which is 37% more than 1750 level of 280 ppm. The production of one tonne of phytomass in dry matter (DM) of sugar cane assimilates at least 0.42 t in carbon (C) which corresponds to 1.54 t of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere.
According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), the current increase in the concentration of greenhouse gases (GHG) in the atmosphere will have serious consequences, such as the rise in sea level, more intense detrimental meteorological phenomena, such as desertification, decreased agricultural production, melting of glaciers etc. Human activities result in the emission of several GHG, among which are: carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O). The three gases are chemically stable and persist in the atmosphere for periods that vary from decades to centuries or more, so their emissions have a longterm influence on climate. Clearly, CO2 represents almost two thirds of future projected warming. It is, without a doubt, the most significant human induced GHG, both now and in future projections. A continuous cyclical process in the ecosystem to exchange carbon between biological sources and the environment. Carbon dioxide, a form of carbon, is absorbed from the atmosphere by carbon pools (plants and oceans). Plants convert carbon to carbohydrates (source of energy) by photosynthesis. Carbon is then passed into the food chain and returned to the atmosphere by the respiration and decay of plants, animals and other organisms. Cycle repeats itself over a period of 6 month to 2 year. Without Greenhouse Gases, Earth would be a frozen world. Carbon dioxide is a Greenhouse Gas & traps heat in the atmosphere. However, humans have dumped excess Greenhouse Gas into the atmosphere by burning of fossil fuels. The actual Greenhouse Gas level has increased in atmosphere, which has made the planet warmer.
BRAZIL BIOMASS AND RENEWABLE ENERGY REDUCE CO2 EMISSIONS
How can Bagasse Sugar Cane (pellets) reduce CO2 emissions?
fuels help
The use of AgroPellets as a fuel has huge potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Burning fossil fuel removes carbon that is „locked away‟ underground and transfers it to the atmosphere in the form of CO2. In a combustion system, AgroPellets and fossil fuels release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere as they burn, but Sugar Cane also needs carbon dioxide to grow. This creates a „closed carbon cycle‟ where the same amount of CO2 is absorbed from the atmosphere by the AgroPellets as is released when it is burnt. This closed carbon cycle makes AgroPellets fuel „carbon neutral‟. AgroPellets doesn‟t contain many of the other noxious chemicals that are released when fossil fuels are burnt eg: sulphur, these gasses are creating immediate environmental problems such as acid rain and respiratory problems in humans.
BRAZIL BIOMASS AND RENEWABLE ENERGY AGROPELLETS BAGASSE SUGAR CANE
ABOUT AGROPELLETS BAGASSE SUGAR CANE BRAZIL Agro Pellets are an important renewable energy source that benefits the environment, provides jobs to local and national economies and is easily manageable in small-scale domestic and industrial systems. The heat market related to industrial can be best addressed by using Agro pellets as this fuel is as convenient to use as fossil fuels. Agro Pellets are generally produced from residues of sugar cane processing industries and mainly used for heating and electricity production purposes. Agro Pellets are especially suitable in small heating systems due to their automatic heating process, easy storage as they do not degrade, relatively low cost comparing with fossil fuels and a very low amount of ash and other emissions released. The environmentally friendly alternative, the intelligent way of heating is Agro Pellets.
Industrial Agro Pellets Bagasse dissipate environmentally friendly heat in a modern furnace. Provides employment opportunities as it is a native fuel Cost-efficient: high energy efficiency (due to a low moisture content) which results in a reduced cost. Brazil Biomass Bioenergy innovation company, provides technologies enabling “Energy and Carbon Capture” and is focused on the second generation biomass heating fuel.
Through a consortium system solution for sustainable pellets and heat production. The system, energy and biofuel production can be deployed at locations where non-food residues bagasse are abundant in Brazil. Agro pellet is a fuel material that is uniform in size, shape, moisture, density and energy content, produced by drying and compacting bagasse sugar cane. During the production process, bagasse is dried in the most efficient way in order to ensure maximum heat generation when it is burned in the boiler.
BRAZIL BIOMASS – INDUSTRIAL AGROPELLETS BAGASSE CANE SP
BRAZIL BIOMASS AND RENEWABLE ENERGY AGROPELLETS BAGASSE SUGAR CANE
AGROPELLETS ARE CARBON NEUTRAL From a chemical perspective, agro pellets bagasse sugar cane contain carbon in simple or more complex combinations with other chemical elements -oxygen, hydrogen, etc. Carbon is the base element, which can be burned (by oxidizing it) to produce heat energy, which can thereafter be converted into other types of energy -steam, electricity, etc. From an ecological point of view, agropellet is an ideal fuel material because it is considered carbon neutral. Using agropellet as an energy source creates a 'closed carbon cycle'. As a biomass energy source grows, CO2 is absorbed from the atmosphere and when it is burned the same amount of CO2 stored by the biomass is release densuring that the natural carbon cycle balance is maintained.
As opposed to this, fossil fuels like coal are extracted from below the earth, releasing CO2 trapped beneath the soil, into the atmosphere. As this process continues, there is a CO2 overload in the atmosphere, which disturbs the natural carbon cycle, and is one of the ulprits behind climate change. Fossil fuels are, therefore, considered to be “carbon negative.”
Carbon dioxide emissions from the burning of fossil fuels currently account for about 65 per cent of the extra carbon dioxide in our atmosphere. Carbon from biomass is recycled within one year whereas carbon from fossil fuels such as coal takes 9000 to 12000 years for recycling.
This makes agropellets “carbon neutral.”
BRAZIL BIOMASS – INDUSTRIAL AGROPELLETS BAGASSE CANE SP
BRAZIL BIOMASS AND RENEWABLE ENERGY AGROPELLETS BAGASSE SUGAR CANE
BENEFITS OF USING AGROPELLETS – ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS
Agropellets V/s Coal & Lignite. Coal is a non renewable source of energy. Burning coal emits harmful gases and waste such as carbon dioxide, sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, sulphuric acids, arsenic and ash, and has led to major environmental impacts like acid rain in some regions. Coal excavation requires a significant amount of energy and it is generally transported from remote locations through long distances, leading to higher carbon emissions. Lignite causes problems in transportation and storage, due to its high moisture and ash content, and is susceptible to spontaneous combustion. It is also difficult to crush, pulverize, and combust. It has a lower heating value, which means that more fuel must be handled to produce a given amount of power.
Properties
Agro Pellets
Lignite
Coal
GCV (kcal/kg)
4200
2800
5200
NCV (kcal/kg)
3952
2668
4980
Volatile Matter(%)
70
24
30
Fixed Carbon(%)
16
29
47
Ash(%)
< 10
21
14
Moisture(%)
< 10
26
9
1.78
1.66
0.7
CO2 Emission (ton of CO2Carbon per ton of fuel)
Neutral
Sulphur (%)
0.07*
1.4
Bulk Density ( kg/m3)
650
650-780 720-850
BRAZIL BIOMASS – INDUSTRIAL AGROPELLETS BAGASSE CANE SP
BRAZIL BIOMASS AND RENEWABLE ENERGY AGROPELLETS BAGASSE SUGAR CANE
BRAZIL BIOMASS – PLANT AGROPELLETS BAGASSE SUGAR CANE Industrial Lins Agro Pellets Bagasse Sugar Cane - SP-BR Plant Operation in April 2011 Production Year AgroPellets Bagasse Sugar Cane 120.000 mt Industrial Itaju Agro Pellets Bagasse Sugar Cane - SP-BR Plant Operating 2010-2011 Production Year AgroPellets Bagasse Sugar Cane 36.000 mt
Developing future plant in Sao Paulo 2012 Annual Production of 360,000 mt
BRAZIL BIOMASS – INDUSTRIAL AGROPELLETS BAGASSE CANE SP
BRAZIL BIOMASS AND RENEWABLE ENERGY AGROPELLETS BAGASSE SUGAR CANE LOGISTICS ROAD AND PORT OF SANTOS SP The Port of Santos is located in the city of Santos, Brazil. It possesses a wide variety of cargo handling terminals - solid and liquid bulk, containers and general loads. It is Brazil's leading port in container traffic. Our production facility is just 200 km from the Port of Santos, SĂŁo Paulo. The Agropellets are loaded onto bulk vessels for international transport. AgroPellet has excellent access to transportation. AgroPellets are loaded onto covered grain barges for transport to chief Southern ports. Operation of this state-of-the-art Agropellet production facility is managed by professionals that have extensive food processing and distribution experience. Energy provides AgroPellets as an effective alternative to high-cost, low-efficiency heating methods. Agropellets can be purchased by individual bag or in bulk orders to supply Agropellet furnaces of all sizes in the Agricultural, Commercial, Residential and International markets.
BRAZIL BIOMASS â&#x20AC;&#x201C; INDUSTRIAL AGROPELLETS BAGASSE CANE SP
BRAZIL BIOMASS AND RENEWABLE ENERGY AGROPELLETS BAGASSE SUGAR CANE BUSINESS STRATEGY PRODUCTION 2010-20
1.000.000 900.000 800.000 700.000 600.000 500.000 400.000 300.000 200.000 100.000 0
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2020
BRAZIL BIOMASS AND RENEWABLE ENERGY CHEMOPHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS AGROPELLETS BAGASSE SUGAR CANE ANALYSIS STANDARD
COMPONENT
QUALITY SPECIFICATION
Type Brazil
AgroPellets
Raw
Bagasse Sugar Cane
AgroPellet Specifications
EN 14962-1 Type A2-3
Bulk Density kg/cm3
620 kg-cm3
ASTM E 873 – 82
Higher Heating Value
7950 BTU-lb -
ASTM E711
Calorific value as received, net, under 4.200 – 4.700 Kcal - 17,10 GjISO 1928-1995 Tonne constant pressure MJ/kg Moisture % of weight
6,5%
SS 18 71 70
Ash Content
1,00%
SS 18 71 71 ASTMD1102
Ash Fusion Initial Deformation
more than 1,100
SS 18 71 65
Ash Fusion Softening Temperature (ST) C
more than 1,300
SS 18 71 65
Ash Fusion Hemisphere Temperature (HT)
more than 1,300
SS 18 71 65
Volatile matter %
70 – 90
SS-ISO 562
Diameter
6, 8mm
Diameter Range
0.256 to 0.026
Diameter Averange
0.257
Fine
0,34% w.t.
BRAZIL BIOMASS – INDUSTRIAL AGROPELLETS BAGASSE CANE SP
BRAZIL BIOMASS AND RENEWABLE ENERGY ELEMENTARY ANALYSIS AGROPELLETS BAGASSE SUGAR CANE
COMPONENT
QUALITY SPECIFICATION
ANALYSIS STANDARD
Carbon
45,98%
ASTM D 5373
Hydrogen
5,52%
ASTM D 5373
Nitrogen
0.20%.
ASTM D 5373
Sulfur
0.09%
ASTM D 4239
Chloride
ND to < .1 %
ASTM D6721
Oxygen
42,98%
ASTM D 5373
Si02
52,82 %
ASTM
AI203
4,86%
ASTM
Fe203
7,07 %
ASTM
CaO
6,29%
ASTM
MgO
3,41 %
ASTM
Na2O
0.27%.
ASTM
K2O
9,84 %
ASTM
TiO2
1.38%
ASTM
P205
2,08 %
ASTM
SO3
1,36 %
ASTM
BRAZIL BIOMASS – INDUSTRIAL AGROPELLETS BAGASSE CANE SP
BRAZIL BIOMASS AND RENEWABLE ENERGY CERTIFIED TECHNICAL REPORT SGS BRAZIL AGROPELLETS BAGASSE SUGAR CANE Certified Technical Report International Pellets SGS Brazil
BRAZIL BIOMASS – INDUSTRIAL AGROPELLETS BAGASSE CANE SP
BRAZIL BIOMASS AND RENEWABLE ENERGY AGROPELLETS BAGASSE SUGAR CANE COFIRING POWER ENERGY PELLETS EUROPE
Cofiring can be done in existing power plants with little or no modifications, allowing for comparatively inexpensive technologies and resulting into rapid reductions in greenhouse gases and local pollutants like SOx , NOx and SPM. Besides their potentially harmful effect on the environment, which is well documented, fossil fuels are also a scare resource, and the world is constantly looking for less harmful, more cost effective, and abundantly available renewable energy alternatives, that can replace fossil fuels in energy generation. Biomass is a widely available resource that can be a powerful substitute for fossil fuels. Cofiring Agro pellets and coal is a win-win combination that offers several key advantages. Cofiring can be done in existing power plants with little or no modification, allowing for comparatively inexpensive and rapid reductions in greenhouse gases. It takes advantage of the high efficiencies obtainable in coal-fired power plants. It also maintains fuel diversity ,which reduces the need for a constant supply of Agropellets that would be required in a stand alone biomass power plant.
AVEDORE MULTI FUEL POWER PLANT DINAMARCA
MARKINCH POWER RWE UK
DRAX POWER STATION UK
BRAZIL BIOMASS AND RENEWABLE ENERGY AGROPELLETS BAGASSE SUGAR CANE COFIRING POWER ENERGY PELLETS EUROPE
Cofiring biomass with coal in traditional coalfired boilers represents one combination of renewable and fossil energy utilisation that derives the greatest benefit from both fuel types ...while requiring only a relatively modest investment.
COFITECK POWER BIOMASS
Cofiring biomass in a dense pelleted form, known as Agropellets, offers a lot of advantages such as ease in handling, convenience in use, proper combustion and efficient transportation. Instead of burning the loose biomass fuel directly, it is more practical to compress it into agropellets (compressing them through a process to form blocks of uniform shapes) and thereby improve its utility and convenience of use. Agropellets can also be used directly as fuel instead of coal in the boilers. Cofiring Agropellets and coal in the correct percentages takes advantages of high efficiencies obtainable in coal-fired power plants and also reduces the emission of greenhouse gases and other pollutants because of fundamentally different fuel properties of both the fuels.
DENMARK VATENFALL POWER BIO
ESSENT POWER GERMANY
BRAZIL BIOMASS AND RENEWABLE ENERGY AGROPELLETS BAGASSE SUGAR CANE COFIRING POWER ENERGY PELLETS EUROPE
Cofiring Agropellets with coal has the capability to reduces both NOx and SOx levels in addition to reducing overall CO2 emissions as Agropellets are carbon neutral. Cofiring of Agropellets with fossil fuels is a means to reduce CO2, NOx and SO2 emissions. Every tonne of Agropellets cofired directly reduces CO2 emissions by over a tonne. NOx reduction is due to strengthening of reactions reducing NO in the furnace and/or lower nitrogen content in Agropellets. The SO2 reduction results both from substituting a sulphur-bearing fuel for a sulphur-deficient one, and a calcium-deficient fuel for a calciumbearing one. Based on sound science and engineering, Agropellet fuel co-utilization with coal can achieve SO2 , NOx , and CO2 reduction benefits, comparable with, or even exceeding that of renewable energy technologies. In many countries, cofiring has been promoted within the 'Renewables Obligation' as a relatively low cost means of increasing renewable energy generating capacity. Cofiring has been demonstrated successfully in over 150 installations worldwide for most combination of fuels and boiler types.
NETHERLANDS POWER COFIRING BIOMASS
ELECTRABEL POWER BE
POLAND POWER BIOMASS
BRAZIL BIOMASS AND RENEWABLE ENERGY AGROPELLETS BAGASSE SUGAR CANE COFIRING POWER ENERGY PELLETS EUROPE Cofiring Agropellets with coal represents a cost effective, low-risk, sustainable renewable energy option that promises effective reduction in GHG emissions including CO2 emissions, SOx and Nox emissions, and offers several societal benefits. It is an easily implementable technology for efficiently and cleanly converting biomass to electricity by adding biomass as a partial substitute fuel in highefficiency coal boilers. It has been demonstrated, tested, and proved in all boiler types commonly used by electric utilities. There is little or no loss in total boiler efficiency after adjusting combustion output for the new fuel mixture. This implies that biomass combustion efficiency to electricity would be close to 33%-37% when cofired with coal. Extensive demonstrations and tests also confirm that biomass energy can provide as much as 15% of the total energy input with only feed intake system and burner modifications. Cofiring with Agropellets carries a great deal of promise as a potential "bridge-technology," for reducing overall fossil fuel use. However, it is important that cofiring serves as a stepping stone to a renewable energy future and not simply as a means to build new coal facilities or to keep outdated and inefficient power plants in operation. Cofiring with Agropellets backed by an effective and responsible policy framework, could prove to be a vital tool in the effort to reduce global carbon emissions locally, nationally and internationally.
BRAZIL BIOMASS AND RENEWABLE ENERGY AGROPELLETS BAGASSE SUGAR CANE SOFT OFFER BRAZIL AGROPELLETS
Quantity in Monthy
16,000 Metric Tons +/- 10% on month basis, 60 months. São Paulo Agropellets 3.000 mt Paraná AgroPellets 3.000 mt Bio AgroPellets Brazil 10.000 mt
Quantity in Years Term of Agreement
192,000 Metric Tons
Payment Terms
Payment shall be guaranteed by a Confirmed, Irrevocable, Letter of Credit issued by, and confirmed by, a bank acceptable to .
Price Deliveries Port of Embarkation
FOB Brazil :
Vessels, Scheduling
Volumes as described here to be delivered in a vessel appropriate to the trade on a schedule acceptable to both
Packanging Loading
Bulk or Container
Taxes
Shall pay all export taxes and the shall pay all import taxes, duties, Value Added taxes, Port Dues or other similar charges Governed and construed in accordance with the laws of the Brazil. Any award shall be enforceable under the laws of the Brazil as well as the Laws of the Europe This term sheet is subject to adjustments to conform with the fuel and shipping markets at the time of the closing of an agreement
Applicable Law Notes
Contract, 60 month.
Subject to the vessel‟s first cargo will be loaded 2011. Santos, São Paulo
8.000 mt
BRAZIL BIOMASS –AGROPELLETS BAGASSE POWER ENERGY