Canadian Nurseryman Centennial Yearbook

CANADIAN NURSERYMAN CENTENNIAL YEARBOOI( One cannot begin to enumerate all those contributing to a project with the scope of this book.

The contributions of several individuals and organizations stand out and

deserve to be mentioned.

Mr. W. E. (Bill) Hartnoll originally conceived the idea of a Centennial Nursery Yearbook and nurtured it in the early stages.

The board of directors of the Canadian and Ontario

Nursery Trades Associations were enthusiastic about the project and backed it from start to finish.

Magazine chairman, Leornad C. Cullen, suggested the burlap cover theme,

gave moral support throughout and pitched in on the telephone as necessary. Betty Nielsen, executive secretary of the Canadian Nursery Trades AssOCiation, corresponded with the authors and loaned her eyes to the proof reader .

Roberta Naylor, her Ontario counterpart,

was ever available to do the necessary hundreds of last minute tasks.

Chatelaine Magazine made available the colour work for Lois Wilson 's article, which is reprinted from their February 1967 issue.

Owners of the transparencies, Messrs. A. R.

Buckley, J . Redman and L. Hancock , along with the Royal Botanical Gardens, Valley Stream Farms, Skinner's Nursery Limited and Sheridan Nurseries Limited , were all obliging .

The photographs on pages five and thirty-four were kindly loaned by Mr. William C. Livingstone of Vancouver, and for their historical contribution, we are particularly grateful.

F. Earl Martin willingly took the late A. E. Brown's draft of the landscaping article and added to it, completing the ideas that Mr. Brown had assembled .

Finally, the advertisers who responded with their support for our project are to be held in high esteem .

In general a nursery history book would, by definition, set out the important events of our Canadian industry in continuous and methodical order.

In particular, this volume

was intended to be a study of the formation and growth of the horticultural industry in Canada.

Pessimism encountered in the beginn ing will surely be dispelled by the excellent

efforts of our contributors. only as time passes.

The true value of an historical record is often acknowledged

It is my wish that this volume will be cherished by the trade in

Canada's next one hundred years.

Art C. Drysdale/Editor

Authorized as seco nd·class mai l by the Post Olfice Department, Ottawa, and for pay ment of postage in cash

Our Contributors

L. B. Pearson

R. W. Oliver

S. D. McConnell

A. E. Brown

1. B. Gaggini

R . Nielsen

L. Wilson

R. Luck

W. M. Brown

P. W . W right

1. V. Stensson

J. H. Eddie

R. J. Hilton

L. Hancock

J. Bradshaw

F. L. Skinner

R. S. Morton

Art C. Drysdale Editor

f/ugh A. Griggs Assistant

Prime Minister's Message/Lester B. Pearson How We Have Grown/ R. Warren Oliver Our Associations/Spencer D. McConnell landscaping in Retrospect/ Albert E. Brown Impressions of the Canadian Industry/ John B. Gaggini Pacesetter - Miss Canada Rose/ Robert Nielsen Centennial Heritage of Garden Plants/ Lois Wilson Quebec's Unique Trade Association/ Robert Luck l 'Association Unique du Quebec/ Robert Luck et J . P. Gariepy Nikka Yuko/ Wi lliam M. Brown Nurseries in Saskatchewan/ Percy W. Wright Great Canadians in Horticulture/ J. Vilhelm Stensson EXPO 67 picture sto ry The West Coast Nursery Industry/ Henry Edd ie et al Atlantic Provinces Nurseries/ R. S. Morton Ornamental Research of the Future/ R. J . Hilton Fifty Years of Socio-Economic Change/ Leslie Hancock Future Prospects of Our Industry/ John Bradshaw Future of Hardy Plants for Canada/ Fra nk L. Skinner Members of Regional Associations and of C.N.T.A.

2 3 6 10 12 13 14 18 19 21 22 24

28 34

36 37 38 40 41 42

Prime Mini te..' Me age I am most pleased to se nd greetings and best wishes for a successful centennial year to the nursery trade of Canada.

It gives me the opportunity to express appreciation of the patriotic efforts you have made to promote the Centennial Rose " Miss Canada", and the Centennial Tree " Almey Crab Apple ". Both of these varieties are products of Canadian skills, one of them , I am proud to say, having been developed by the Canada Department of Agriculture.

The horticultural aspect of agriculture has made tremendous growth in recent years and this in the face of obstacles posed by various regulations restricting th e volume of stock which was customarily imported into Canada from Europe. These prohibitions have the laudable aim of preventing the introduction of new diseases to this country in materials carrying foreign soils. Canadian nurserymen have made a virtue out of necessity by turning to domestic replacements for those imports with a certain amount of success. I hope they will continue their work along these lines.

Perhaps no group in Canada contributes so directly to th e beautification of our urban living as the nursery trade. By propagating and promoting the materials that go into landscaping , ornamental tree plantings and flower gardens, you are encouraging Canadi an hom eowners to improve their surroundings. Commercial blocks and apartment buildings are following their example.

These efforts complement the natural scenery of our wonderful country in the suburban areas and lend joy to all who pass by. To have had a hand in creating such an atmosphere is rewarding enough , but to make an industry out of it is twice as rewarding , adding both beauty to our environment and growth to our material prosperity.

I have great pleasure in wishing you well in all your endeavours.

l. B. Pearson Prime Minister of Can ada

Ottawa, 1967.

2

How We Have Grown R. Warren Oliver

Though settlem ent of Ontario was considerably later than that of Quebec, the c li mate and soil of the So uth ern are as were such that the Ni aga r a Peninsula rapidly becam e the centre of the soft fruit and the nursery industry. To quote from a speech at an early con ven ti on of the Quebec Pomologi cal Soc iety which was forme d in 1894, " These nurseries (in the Niagara Peninsula) flooded the country with agents whose activity and persistence proved the undoing of our (nursery) ind ustry in Quebec."

We have not found the date, but presu me that it must have been during the French reg ime, that the Count de Frahourt first brought cul ti vated fruits to his garden at Niagara . From this garden, sci ons were taken by Mr. Crooks to Flamboro Township and by Mr. Dougall to Windsor. Francois Baby also brought good varieties of fruit from Montreal to Grimsby in 1796.

There must have been good fruit there befo re that date, however, as Mr. Land of Hamilton menti oned in his diary of 1784, taking his wh eat to be ground in Grimsby and bri ng ing back scions of excellent f ruit, which he grafted into seedli ngs grown for the purpose.

Peasley, the Grafter Writing in 1830, of the earl y history of fruit grow ing , Charles H. Wolverton says, " There ca me a man · from England , ca ll ing himself 'Peasley the Grafter,' w ith glowing tales to sell his sci o ns and services . He introd uce d the

soon transferred to Messrs.

Everardo and Page who gave it the name of Fonthill Nurseries.

A few years later it was again transferred to Messrs. Morris, Hill, Weatherald and Balfour, who built it into a considerable business. It was later reorganized under the name of Morris, Stone and Wellington, with a head sales office in Toronto from which a nation wide sales force of agencies was operated.

The Fonthill Nurseries is the oldest nursery still operating in Canada.

Gloria Mundi and Ribston Pippin apples. When he returned six years later, he was delighted to find that his promises had been correct. " By 1835, Mr. Leslie of Toronto Mr. Dougall of Windsor, and Dr. Beadle of St. Catharines were all " Disseminating fruit trees throughout the Southern regions of Canada West." As most land owners of the day were farmers to some extent with home gardens and orchards, the early list of 120 members of the Fruit Growers Association of Ontario (of which Dr. Beadle's son became the first full time secretary), reads like a social blue book of " The golden triangle formed by Niagara, Toronto and Windsor."

E. D. Smith (later Senator Smith) started the Helderleigh Nurseries in Winona in 1882, and very tapidly developed it into a large operation with a nation wide sales force.

These two nurseries dominated the industry from 1890-1910 during which period many small nurseries were forced to close due to their competition and the slump in orchard planting mentioned before.

As most of them were public spi rited men they soon became interested in using ornamentals and forestry as well as fruit, to improve the country. Fruit growing became so popular in the Niagara Peninsula, that by 1850, " A drive along the newly macadamized road from Stoney Creek to Grimsby in May, was a sight to behold ."

The prosperity from the turn of the century to the declaration of war in 1914, produced rapid expansion of the cities, which resulted in change for the nursery industry toward the production of ornamental plants. Particularly around Toronto, small, family-operated nurseries appeared to cater to the local retai I trade for the beautification of new homes.

The Historical Atlas of Lincoln and Welland cou nties of 1876 lists several prominent citizens such as C. H. Wolverton, B. R. Nells, C. P. Carpenter, Dennis Vanduzer etc. as nurserymen .

These qu ickly faded in competition w ith two larger operations.

Like other phases of commercial development, the Canadian nursery industry has developed in response to supply and demand .

Fonthill 1837 Samu el Taylor started a nursery at Fon thi ll in 1837, wh ich was

3

It has expanded with the settlement of the cou ntry and changed with the nature and standards of I i v in g of our people. The universal desire for varied diet, and beauty has always been on our side since the early French settlers brought fruit trees, roses and other plants with them to make their new land more homelike.

new varieties of apples from the Royal Botanic Gardens of London , England, packed in a special manner to withstand the long journey.

In 1835, M. S. Gilbault started a private picnic grounds and nursery called the Montreal Botanic Gardens on Sherbrooke St. east of Bleury. This was in no way related to the present Botanic Gardens but did perform real service in the importation of some good varieties of apples before its close in 1896.

Apple trees were first set out as a home orchard in 1633, by M. Martin at Annapolis Royal in Nova Scotia. Roses grew in the convent garden in Quebec in 1641 , and by 1663 there were fruit trees, grapes and roses in the walled garden of the Hotel Dieu in Montreal.

The most prominent of these early Quebec nurseries, was that of Messrs. Cockburn and Brown of Cote des Neiges started in 1843. Following the first meeting of the fruit committee of the Montreal Horticultural Society held in 1854, Cockburn and Brown sent an exhibit of apples and plums to the International Exhibition in Paris in 1855. The large size and high colour of the Canadian fruit astonished the Europeans and gave a great impetus to our apple export trade which had started from Nova Scotia in 1849.

From the diary of Lady Simcoe written in 1792, we know that there were some quite pretentious gardens at various seigneuries along the St. Lawrence.

It is certain that plants were spread from one to the other as generous gifts to neighbors, or by private sale.

The Public Gardens of Halifax were established at first as a private estate in 1775. An early account states that at a later date, plants were sold to pay part of the gardener's salary of forty pounds a year. This was as high as the salary of most school masters of that day.

It was this trade, and the consequent rapid planting of commercial orchards in the Annapolis Valley, and the Eastern Townships of Quebec , which moved the nurseries out of Montreal to the Rougemount district and changed them from small operations catering to home gardens and orchards to larger operators with sales agents.

Advertised in 1808 The earliest record of a commercial nursery that the author has found, was that of M. Louis Charles, who tended the garden of the unfinished mansion of Simon McTavish (the haunted house) in Montreal. He advertised plants for sale in the local press of 1808. This advertisement was soon followed by that of Robert Cleghorn of the "Blinkbonny Gardens ", in 1810.

About the same time, John P. Hogg, also of Montreal advertised that he was able to import

Grown by Acadians Though apples had been grown by the Acadians , the export trade started in the middle of the last century also governed the establishment of nurseries in the Maritimes. By 1885 there were small but thriving nurseries at Annapolis Royal , Berwick, Waterville and Wolfville in Nova 4

Scotia, as well as at Free town , Kensington and Summersi de in Prince Edward Island.

These were all short-lived due to the slump in orchard pl anting and to the competition of travelling agents from th e United States and the Niagara Peninsula after rail travel became popular. There was littl e nursery industry in th e Maritim es between the turn of th e century and the end of the Second World War when the building boom , coupled with education al ca mpaigns on home beautifi cation sponsored by the provincial governments, created a demand for ornamental plants. This demand supports several small nurseri es and retail sales or garden centre operations which import most of their material from Holl and or Ontario.

Sheridan Nur s e r i e s Limited which started near Toronto three years earlier, moved to the present site of the old farm near Clarkson in 1913. Under the able direction of founder Howard B. Dunington-Grubb and the Stensson family, this business, solely in ornamentals, and largest in Canada has expanded steadily to the present multiple-site, 1,500 acre operation.

The McConnell Nursery Company Limited started at Port Burwell in 1912. It has recently led the p a c k in mod ern methods and the pre-packaging of nursery stock in the country.

Within the following decade, nurseries were established by John Connon , first at Stoney Creek and then at Waterdown ; Luke Brothers in Montreal ; Downham 's at Strathroy; Endean 's at Thornhill; Prudhomme 's at Vineland and several smaller ones. These hit their stride in the period of expansion during the 1920's. They formed the motive power to organize the Eastern Canada Nurserymen 's Association in 1922 and carried it through the depression

of the 1930's and the Second World War. In 1948 the Canadian Association of Nurserymen was formed as the first truly national associati on .

Prairies Although a small beginning had been made by Mr. Patm o re at Brandon, Manitoba in 1885, importati on from the United States and Ontario took care of the demand on the Prairies until 1905. The survival of only the hardiest species of these importations, allowed A. H. Stevenson in Manitoba and SeaglerWheeler in Saskatchewan, to gain knowledge of the materials suited to the area, so that they were able to start growing plants for sale. Dr. F. L. Skinner of Dropmore, Manitoba continued this work of plant introduction and breeding. During the last fifty years he has made a great contribution to Prairie Horticulture.

After the First World War Patmore of Brandon and T. A. Torgeson of Estevan , Saskatchewan, started the first regular commercial nurseries on the prairies. These were soon followed by the Lacombe Nurseries

homes during the last twenty years. The report of the Dominion Bureau of Statistics ten years ago, showed that the value of fruit trees sold , compared to ornamentals was one to five.

These figures were based on returns from grower nurseries rather than retail sales.

There would no doubt be an even greater contrast today.

in Alberta, which has been very active for the past thirty years.

There are now dozens of small retail nurseries or sales stations in these three provinces.

Commercial fruit growing started in British Columbia about 1880 and the Fruit G rowers Association was formed in 1890. Importation of nursery stock from the United States took care of the demand until the late Mr. Layritz established his first nursery in 1890.

The late H. M. Eddie first started at Sardis in 1917 as a branch of an American nursery. He later took this over and built up a large business in roses and the introduction of new varieties of his own breeding. Several other nurseries are now operating in the South Western corner of the province which , due to the favourable climate, supply many species that cannot be grown elsewhere in the country.

This switch to ornamentals in great variety to suit changing architectural form , and individual tastes coupled with mechanized production and ingenious merchandising practices have brought great changes that would have been confusing to our grandfathers. But we are everlastingly grateful for the hardships they endured to give us a start.

As the old proverb says, "He that looks forward with vision for his children, must look back to his ancestors with respect."

Although the Canadian Nursery industry at the start depended on the apple export trade, it has now largely turned to the production of ornamental plants to meet the increased demand which has resulted from the immense building boom of new

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1867 11967

Staff of the Royal Nurseries, Va ncouver in 1910. Photo taken at 50th Avenue and Maple Street.

5

• • Our A OClatlon

, pencer D. McConnell

S. McConnell, Port Burwell National President, '46·49

There was a time when methods of propagation and other procedures in nursery practice were jealously guarded or in other words "trade secrets".

ucts of the nurserymen will keep changing.

Government legislation is becoming more varied and more complex and naturally more and more problems will arise that affect the nurserymen.

In Canada, from an organizational standpoint, there are three fields of coverage in the nursery industry and each has a very important function to fulfill. There are many matters of a local , provincial or regional nature that can and should be taken care of by the regional association .

Many problems that come up affect the nursery industry of Canada as a whole and all such matters should be handled by the national

This secrecy has very largely passed out and methods of propagation, growing and harvesting nursery products, are very freely passed from one to another. This is at it should be, because what benefits the industry as a whole benefits each and everyone.

Techniques of propagating and growing have changed a great deal. There are basic principles that cannot be ignored but methods have changed tremendously in many ways and, of course, will keep on changing and improving.

The past few years there has been a revolution in marketing. In fact, things have changed so fast that one can hardly keep up with them. Without a doubt techniques and methods of advertisi ng and marketing the prod-

1. A. Aitken, Brant/ord National President, '50·51

association , and in many cases are passed on to the Canadian Horticultural Council for action and placed before the department of Government concerned.

There is ample work and scope for each of the organizations and to avoid confusion and unnecessary overlapping the scope and activity of each should be defined as clearly as possible. At the present time there are seven regional associations, 6

one each in : British Columbia, Alberta , Saskatchewan , Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec and Nova Scotia. In addition there are the Canadian Nursery Trades Association and the Canadian Horti-

regulations , short courses , growers groups, garden centers, tours , publicity and public relations which are of regional interest.

A. B. Luke, Montreal National President, '56·57 T. A. Torgeson , Estevan National Pres ident, '52·53

cultural Council. These three categories will be referred to as 1. regional; 2. national and 3. council.

Regional Matters of a regional nature that should be taken care of by the regional associations include legislation by provincial governments such as retail sales tax, labour legislation, Workmen 's compensation Act, provincial experimental stations, and horticultural education .

In addition there are such other items as truck transportation

Questions of national importance can originate in the regional associations and in turn be sent on to the national association for action.

National A great many problems and questions arise that affect the nursery industry of Canada as a whole and all such matters should be dealt with by the national body. Naturally, many

W. B. Wellin gton, Fon/hill Na tional President , 195R

J. V. Stensson, Oakville National President, '54·55

of the most vital matters affecti ng any industry arise at the national level such as tariffs, customs and excise, federal sales taxes, in-

transportation, national publicity and public relations. Resolutions passed by the national body that deal with matters pertaining to government are sent on to council and , if adopted , go on to the department concerned.

1. E. hlluleworth, London National President, 1959 terprovincial trade, unemployment insurance, pensions and income taxes.

In addition there are other items of extreme importance to nurserymen such as the Plant Protection Division , Federal Experimental Stations and their research, and various items in connection with the Federal Department of Agriculture . The Plant Protection Division is becoming all important to the industry since it involves such things as inspection, embargos and quarantines-all facets

1. II1cDonald, Lacombe

Council Let me stress the great importance of the Canadian Horticultural Council. After the turn of the century it was real ized that government legislation vitally affected the horticultural industry of Canada

tive committees and when adopted by Council of the Whole are regarded by government departments as speaking for the whole horticultural industry across Canada. This is far more effective than any particular segment of horticulture acting alone.

The Future There is only one way the nursery business is headed and that is up and up. With an expanding population, greatly increased interest in home, civic and industrial beautification

w.

H. Perron, Montreal National President, '61-62

and in the early twenties the council was formed to act as a liaison between the horticultural interests and the various government departments. As a result the council acts as a clearing house for nearly all business pertaining to the various phases of horticulture in Canada.

At Council sessions various items are discussed in detail by the respec-

L. C. Cullen, Toronto Na tional President, '63 -64

and more and more fruit needed, there is a great future for Canadian nurserymen.

D. Hunter, Vancouver National President, 1966

cious fruit to eat, provides the beauty that surrounds our homes, beautifies our parks, beautifies our civic and government grounds and creates the lovely effects around our industrial plants.

The Canadian Nursery Trades Association, together with the various re g ion a I associations and with the contribution of the Canadian Horticultural Council, has contributed a great deal to the growth of the industry and will continue to do so. Let all reputable Canadian nurserymen and allied interests strengthen the various Associations by becoming members and thus contribute his or her part in making this great country of ours

Have you stopped to think that, to a very high degree, the nur-

National President, '60-61

of vital importance to nurserymen.

There are other subjects that have to be taken care of by the national body that are not affected in the same way by government legrslation, such as horticultural grade standards, trade practices and ethics, rail and interprovincial truck

L. Mori, Niag.-on-the-Lake alionaf President, 1967

more fruitful and more beautiful.

J. 11 . Eddie, Vancouver /\'a/ionaf Presiden t, '62-63

seryman provides the material that gives Canadian citizens its deli7

You can be assured that the next one hundred years will be a revelation compared with the past hundred!

Landscaping in Retrospect Albert E. Brown Looking back over more than fifty years of personal contact with the Landscape business in this country, it is interesting to note the many changes in the type of work, methods of carrying it out, and types of planting .

Fifty years ago, and up to the beginning of World War I, the principal work done by the landscape contractor was in the development of large private estates which in many cases was extended 0 v e r one or more years. At that time there was very little equipment used , the work being all hand labour aided by horses. These estates were responsible for the introduction into the country of the perennial border and the rock garden , previously unknown even in the public parks.

Where grading was necessary, earth was moved for a short distance by slush scrapers, iron scoops that would take perhaps an eighth of a cubic yard. This scoop was hauled by one or a pair of horses, and handled by the driver by two handles to scoop up the earth . At the end of the trip, the ha n die s were lifted causing it to dump.

30~

Per Hour If the haul was of any distance, then it was moved by Hoosier wagons. Loaded by hand , these were of one and one-quarter cubic yard capacity and had the bottom constructed that they could be emptied by the driver moving a lever. The average

rate per hour for labour ran at 301t. As a unit, consisting of driver, h 0 r s e sand Hoosier wagon, the average charge was $1 per hou r. Of cou rse, 10 hou rs a day prevailed.

While this rat e today might appear c h e a p, never-the-Iess, compared to present day methods it was slow and costly. On fairly large projects it was a common s i g h t to see ten or twelve teams of horses drawing Hoosier wagons lined up to be filled by hand labour.

Along about 1928 the introduction of the small Caterpillar tractor and the new Fresno scraper effected quite a change in earth moving.

In fact it was considered the Utopia in its contribution to the landscape projects of that time.

The Fresno scraper worked on tile same principle as the slush scraper, but drawn by the Caterpillar t r act 0 r.

The Fresno scraper being wider, perhaps about six feet, it the r e for e handled a larger quantity of earth. I well recall the tender for prices for the new entrance to McMaster Park, Hamilton.

In bidding on this project on behalf of our firm, I figured in the earth moving, the use of the Caterpillar tractor and Fresno scraper. My bid was cut fine and yet I had confidence my quote of 401t per cubic yard would give us a small margin of profit. When the tenders were opened , I found I had lost the contract by a mere 21t per cubic yard.

A contractor who had been working on the Welland Canal, 10

finding himself idle and having a lot of equipment, did, to my surprise outbid me. Needless to say, I was very curious as to how this contractor was going to do the job and not lose money, consequently, I kept a close eye on his progress. He obviously had the work well planned out.

In loading the wagons he used a self loader of a conveyer belt type. The wagons hauled by mules would move alongside the loader; when filled , the mules would pull away and the team behind move up into place. He had a goodly number of wagons and teams hauling and indeed the work was being done quickly and efficiently. There were fifty thousand cubic yards of earth moved this way on the project.

True, this would look slow and expensive today comparing it with present day heavy equipment e.g. Letourneau , etc. It was, however, at the time, a great move forward in the development of more modern ways of handling grading jobs.

Little Source In the early twenties the landscape architect in Canada had little source of planting material from which to draw to fulfill his plans. Canadian nurseries were growing mostly fruit trees and small fruits. In evergreens, Pine and Spruce were the principal ones propagated. In deciduous trees, the American Elm , some Sugar Maple, an abundance of Soft Maple (because they were fast growing), and Lombardy and Carolina Poplar since they too were fast growing .

In the Home Smith development in Toronto , Soft Maples and Poplars were used extensively in the lining of the streets; streets which were given names of English background . While such streets did give the immediate effect, they did however, at maturity prove a nuisance to home 0 w n e r s, in damaging walks and clogging sewers.

For many years the E. D. Smith Company at Winona, were con sidered the largest nursery in Canada, while the Stone and Wellington Co m pan y too, at Fonthill , were well known in the nursery business.

Both, however, were pri nci pally propagating and growing to supply the fruit farmers ' demand.

There too was the demand from the owners of farmsteads for the Pines and Spruce and some of the hardwoods.

When the late Howard Dunington-Grubb and Herman Stensson entered into the nursery business near the village of Sheridan and adopted the name of Sheridan Nurseries , they were desirous of serving the ever increasing demands for the more ornamental evergreens , trees and shrubbery to suit the large estates, municipal parks and street plantings.

They therefore imported, propagated and grew large blocks of such plants .

Sheridan Nurseries became the largest Canadian company growing ornamental plant materials for the trade. To-day a great many varieties for the planner of landscape developments can be had from many of the growers of nursery stock throughout Canada.

Perennials It was about fifty years ago that milady 's own garden underwent quite a change. It was then that the perennial was introduced into this country, and it became quite a feature.

Previous to this, perennials were practically unknown even in the public parks where most of the flower plantings consisted of Geraniums and Salvia.

There was of course , some carpet bedding practiced . Most of the large estates had their own green-

houses in which they produced their own planting-out material.

It was the late Mrs. DuningtonGrubb, wife and partner of the late Howard Dunington-Grubb, who , in the I ate 1920's and through the thirties pioneered in the development of many of Ontario's large perennial borders.

The planning and planting was personally carried out by Mrs. Dunington-Grubb. It was said in that era, that like the distinguishable works of a great artist, this lady's accomplishments in perennial borders were indeed masterpieces, such as the country estate of Hamilton B. Wills, known as Shadowbrook. Here was to be found the finest selection of perennials on this conti nent.

From spring until autumn the perennial border had a continuity in bloom which brought to the owner a sense of enjoyment the like of which is seldom found in present day plantings.

Rock Gardens Fifty years ago rock gardens in Canada were almost unknown .

The ones in existence, to my knowledge were on Cleveland Morgan 's estate near Montreal.

This gentleman was a real enthusiast and was one of the best known authorities in rock garden plants. Doctor Perry Goldsmith in Scarborough, too possessed a very wide knowledge in the rock garden plant world .

The disappearance of the large estates, now broken up into subdivisions and smaller homes has largely end e d the perennial border and the rock garden era as we once knew them. In their place have come smaller estate owners, but yet many more gardening enthusiasts.

Home owners, commercial and industrial property owners (to say nothing of municipal parks systems) , to-day take a great pride in keeping their gardens , plantings and lawns on a par with those in the neighbourhood.

As a consequence, the landscaping business has taken on tremendous proportions. The landscaping and gardening industry now contributes in a large measure to the economy of the country.

Photo page 10, leftLo right: Perennial border in mid-summer at Gage Park , Hamilton; inten ive foundation plantin gs and formal lerra ce at Shadowbrook. Above from top: Lily pond in nalural area of lames estaLe {now lames Gardens} in lcesl Tor on/o: rock garden on e lal e of D. A . Dunlop: and parI of lapan e e Garden a/ hadowbrook .

11

• Impre Ion of the Canadian Indu tr John B. Gaggini Having earlier made a brief tour of prominent nurseries on the Eastern Coast of the U.S.A., my first impressions of the Canadian nursery industry were of the great similarity between the two countries. Did Canada take all that was best from the U.S.A. o r did the U.S.A. take all that w as best from Canada ?

Canadian nu rsery standards are generally m u c h higher th an European nu rseries and som e of the better nu rseries comp are very favourably with the better nurseries in the U.S.A. Many of the improvements in nursery layout, efficiency and advertising are undoubtedly due to the influence of American nurserymen .

An acute shortage of skilled labour has arisen because of the lower wages offered and possibly because of a dearth of training colleges in general horticulture.

Most of the graduates appear to be drawn into research stations, universities and the extension service. Trained workers in the industry are excellent but there are too few of them.

Diversification within all segments of the industry has led to greater co-operation and rap id development and growth. However, the large number of plants brought in from the U.S.A. seems to confirm my view that there are insufficient nurseries or nurseries producing too few plants at the right price in Canada. This is true of large trees and one year I i n e r s in particular. I wonder just how many large trees were brought from Fiore Nurseries , Illinois, for Expo 67?

Dynamic Industry On the credit side is seen a dynamic industry, receptive to new ideas and changes. A modern approach is prevalent in the field of herbicides , work study, management and mechanization .

Garden centres or retail sales stations have developed at remarkable speed . Some of them are we I I designed and fully equipped to cater for the impulsive buyer, yet, there are others which suffer because of bad planning and siting .

In such stations one can buy quality, balled and burlapped material. The conifers are usually well grown but the same could not be said of the shade trees I saw these were not very special. But then , in all fairness I did not get to the Whistle Bar Farms or visit specialist tree growers where most of them are grown.

Container production techniques are far in advance of those in Britain and the continent but it may be many years before the standard 0 f Californian container products is reached. Much could be done in the way of deve lo pi ng better receptacles an d co mposts for these plants.

More and mo re on e realizes that the time has come to divorce pro ductio n fro m retail selling in ord er to get better utilization of the limited skilled labour available and this is w here the retail sales station ta kes an important place. Al though the above is true it does not hide the fact that labou r usage is good. Canadian ho rticul turists are very hard work ing and respons ible.

The landscaping s i de of the industry is prog re ssing and producing original sc hemes. Topiary work , lawn cu lture and use of ground cover plan ts has given many cities in the East a facelift. The use of paving sl abs and concrete plan t contain ers is excellent. It is so refre sh ing to see styles developing which are not copies of A meri can or European gardens. Fo rmal styles are superb. The re is good liaison between c ivic au tho rities and the nursery industry reflected , I am su re, by th e goo d standard of upkeep.

Proper Rotations Nursery layo ut is usually good but better use cou ld be made of proper rotati ons in some instances. A ltho ugh a large quant ity of quality plants are produ ced , a wi der variety of general species and cul tivars w ould be w elcome but these, I feel , should not all be produc ed on the same nurse ry.

In one nu rsery I noted the odd practi ce of intercropping trees 12

is this really with shrubs proven? Another nursery was using Ulmus pumila to protect small conifers for which I believed there was considerable merit. The use of steel stakes for tying young trees too is very advantageous.

In this age of mechani zation it did my heart good to see horses still being worked on a prominent nursery. The use of up-to-date cultivation equipment has given greater flexibility, and mobility and scientific aids such as soil sterilants, misting systems and herbicides give greater control of plant growth .

All these tools of production and more are being used by a progressive race of Canadian nurserymen. Although herbicides are generally used with a large degree of confidence, not all growers are entirely satisfied with the results obtained . This seems to indicate that more research needs to be carried out.

Rose production was ahead of most English nurseries in the use of machines for soil blowing and defoliant chemicals. However, the figure given on one nursery of 900-1 ,000 roses budded per man day seemed low compared to figures of 1,500-2,000 in England . The use of display gardens to show off nu rsery products enhanced one or two nurseries I visited .

Both the nursery industries of B ritain and Canada would benefit from more co-ordination , cooperation and specialization . To a large extent this is already so in the U.S.A. where container nurseries are situated in California , shade tree nurseries in New Jersey and Ohio, plant raisers in the Mid West and producers of whips in Oregon .

In Holland , Denmark and Germany there are people specializing in certain plant types and plant groups. But unlike Britain , Canada is in a position to take advantage of the increased wealth of its people and promote the sale of plants on a nationwide beautification programme. In short - a booming industry in a booming country.

Pacesetter - Miss Canada Rose Robert Nielsen Pacesetter No other single word could so simply and completely describe the Miss Canada Rose project. It has established a precedent in the nursery industry and should definitely set an example which the nurseryman of today and those of tomorrow may emulate with a high degree of success.

The Miss Canada Rose may be likened to a seed. A seed is first produced or given birth to by the mother plant. It then lies dormant until in the presence of the right conditions, it begins germination. Upon germination, the young seedling , with the proper nutrients and climatic conditions grows and develops into a mature plant.

The mother plant in this case was the Eastern Canadian Nurseryman's Association, the ori ginal forerunner of our present Canadian Nursery Trades Association. An original idea conceived had to do with the development, production and introduction of new varieties and cultivars. This idea was the 'seed' but due to the limitations of communications and transportation in those days, proper conditions necessary for germination were not present.

It was in 1963 that the necessary requirements began to appear favourable and life commenced to stir within the seed.

Thi s idea he presented to th e members of th e Cana dian Nursery Trades Associati on at their annua l conven tio n at Niagara Fall s in J uly 196 3 and it was received wi th enthusiastic approval by th em .

Germinati on had taken place but the young seedlin g was emerging into an alm os t steri le m e d i u m and any gardener knows that unl ess it is provided with the prope r nutrients, the youn g plant will perish.

The C.N.T.A. commenced to provi de the elements by forming a com mi ttee to undertake the promotion and publicity of the yet un named ' Rose '. At a summer 1964 C.N.TA meeting in Winni peg w hen the rose was chri stened 'Miss Can ada', t his co mmittee became the 'Miss Canada Rose Co mmittee '.

The Canadian Rose Soc iety suppl emented this nutri tional progra mme by fully endorsing and w ho leheartedly approving of the C.N.T.A.'s selection .

A con tract w as prepa red and all nurseryme n who w ished to propagate an d produce this rose sign ed thi s document agreeing to pay tag levy on each rose so ld. Th is money was to be

used to reimburse the C.N.T.A. fo r that advanced to finance the pub li c ity and promotional cam paign fo r the Miss Canada Rose.

A pu blic relati ons agency was hired and coast-to-coast coverage commenced. Stories and colou red photographs of Miss Canada began to appe ar in publi cations across the Domin ion .

The nu r serymen themselves aided in this programme by featuring this lovely lady in thei r catalogues and brochures.

Miss Canada proceeded to capture the fancy of Canadians , they were enamoured of her and queries and orders began to flood the nurseries and garden centres. The seed produced in 1922, which had lain dormant for so long , had finally germinated , grown and flourished.

Canada 's 100th Birthday not only brought a beautiful rose into being to delight all Canadians and beautify our country but it also brought all nurserymen and gardeners across the Dominion closer together. They worked together industriously to promote Miss Canada.

Wonderful Example The Miss Canada project has set a wonderful example for all nurserymen.

The Miss Canada Rose has truly been a Pacesetter and the Canadian Nursery Trades Association is most happy and proud to present this lovely lady of the garden.

Mr. Fred Blakeney proudl)' holds a bowl 0/ his roses . Joining him are Mrs. Robert A. Lyle and Mrs .

P. A. M cDougall, secretary 0/ the Canadian Rose Society.

Centennial Commemoration J. Henry Eddie of British Columbia provided the first of these essential elements by suggesting that the nursery industry promote a new and outstanding Canadian Rose to help Canadians celebrate Centennial.

Mr. Eddie had a particular rose in mind - a beautiful bi-colour, hybrid tea, a product of hybridization of Karl Herbst, a very popular red hybrid tea and the famous Peace rose. This rose in ·Mr. Eddie's mind had just recently been developed by an amateur hybridizer, a native Canadian, Fred Blakeney of British Columbia.

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Cent 11nial Heritage of Gard n Plant Lois Wilson

Canada 's impressive collection of flowers , shrubs and trees bred by Canadians for Canadian gardens is a heritage of which we may be proud . Lilies, lilacs, peonies, r 0 s e s, iris, daisies, flowering and berry trees, tall and shrubby evergreens have all been bred to grow successfully and beautifully in the vagaries of our Canadian weather. Scaled to a size of the average home garden, they bring a gaiety of bright flowers and fruit to practically all parts of the country.

All have been carefully tested by their breeders and cooperating growers in their own and other provinces.

Award Winners

Many of them , including a radiant-blue iris, a pink-berried mountain ash , a creamy statuesque gladiolus, two glorious roses and a whole lilt of lilies have won world horticultural honors and awards. Some - such as the All America Award-winning Landmark glad and the Dykes Medal iris Great Lakes - have been bred by dedicated amateurs, to produce a new strain of a familiar flower that would have better substance, more dazzling color and graceful form. Others -the Rowancroft mountain ash , a stunning tree with its crop of coral-pink berries, the pink-apricot tea rose, Gordon Eddie, the yellow floribunda Polly Prim , and stately white, yellow and red

lilies - were developed by nurserymen or trai ned breeders .

and flowering freely, Miss Canada is a true beauty.

The mountain ash and two of the lilies, Coronation and Oriole have won the coveted Award of Merit of the Royal Horticultural Society of Engl and. Another lily, Regina, has twice won the Griffiths Cup of the North American Lily Society. The two roses have won Gold Medals from the National Rose Society of Great Britain. As well , a drifty white spirea, a sweetly fragrant rugosa rose , a ruby-red flowering crabapple and a starry-white clematis, all bred at Dropmore, Manitoba, won five silver medals at the Flora Nova '66 at Boskoop, Holland , one of the top flower shows of the world .

Two crabapples , the most popular flowery tree for Canadian gardens, have also been designated centennial winners by the Canadian Nursery Trades Association and the Ontario Horticultural Association . Almey , a stu rdy, disease-resistant tree developed at the Morden Experimental Station in Manitoba, is covered in May with masses of carmine-red flowers, each with a white, five-pointed star at the centre. Its ribbed fruit is excellent for fall jelly-making or, if left on , to feed the birds all winter.

Royalty, bred by the Experimental Station at Sutherland Saskatchewan , is the centenniai choice of the Ontario Horticultural Association . It has lustrous, purply-bronze foliage all season and crimson fruit. For color and strength it is a beautiful crab, perfect in shape and size for the home garden.

Miss Canada

In this our birthday year, we have a winner of our own , the lovely Miss Canada rose, chosen by the Canadian Rose Society and the Canadian Nursery Trades Association as their centennial flower.

Bred by Fred Blakeney of Victo ria, B.C., Miss Canada is a cross between Karl Herbst and Peace (probably the greatest rose of all time). A vigorous hybrid tea, the bush is spreading and upright with large leathery, glossy leaves and the full-open blooms measure four to five inches across. A vibrant cerise pink on the inside of the petals, soft silver pink on the outside, fragrant long - lasting

14

Exciting List

The list of other Canadian-bred plants is surprisingly long and an exciting one for gardeners eager to try new varieties. Introductions of Dr. F. L. Skinner, of Dropmore, Manitoba, a worldfamous hybridist, run literally into the hundreds - including lilacs, shrub roses , chrysanthemums and lilies. The five 1965 winners of awards in Holland Concluded on Pa ge 17

A/llley Cloliopp /e!CcntclInial Tree/Manitobo

ROlVon cro fl Mounlain A h / Onlorio

15

Will Alderman Rose/ Manitoba

White Princess Lily/Saskatchewan

16

Prairie Almond/ Manitoba

Centennial Heritage of Garden Plants co nclud ed

we re Ski nner-bred plants. Eac h su mmer sees dozens of new c rosses flowering for the first time at Dropmo re and hundreds of see dlings being judged fo r long-term value. Dr. Skinner's pl ants are shipped to nurseries and gardens all over the temperate world he has a particul arly lively exchange w ith Russia. In these countries, they are g rown not only for their beauty and hard iness, but are va lued even more highly as pare nt stock for other new crosses.

Honoured Canada 's other most famous hybridis t, th e late Isabella Preston , wa s an a ccomplished plant breeder honored many times with inte rnation al aw ards during her ac ti ve wo rk at the Central Experimental Farm in Ottawa.

Miss Pres ton had th e skill , intu ition and ta lent to cross the almost impossib le.

She developed a dwarf ca ragana from a cross (Caragana pygm aea x C. frutex) wh ic h pl ant b ree ders today, with their more ad vanced scientific know ledge, would say was impossible. Caraga na, w ith its feathery green leaves and yellow pea-like flowers , is on e of the most useful plants for Canadian prairie garde ns and other simi lar climates . Her Ro sy-

bl oom c ra bapples, named for lakes in Canada (Cow ichan , Makami k and Sissipuk) are not only sti ll g rown and sold today, the strai n has fathered practically eve ry good c rab apple devel oped in Canada since. Her Stenographe r lilies, named for the seven stenographers at the Centra l Experimental Farm at the time, are still listed in nursery c atalogues and used for breedi ng all ove r the wo rld. Her lilacs are w idely g rown and can be see n in f roths of pink and lavender along Ottawa 's scen ic drives eve ry May. Ano ther f a mous Canadian flower is the gl adiolus Picardy , an early introduction of Dr. E. F. Palmer of Vi neland, Ontario . It, too , has been used for bree ding all over the world.

Each year bring s mo re new plants to try. New glads a popular plant with amateur hybridizers are co ming from Leonard B utt of Hutto nvi ll e, On tario and Murray Tynda l of Brucefield , Ontario, from W. W. Warr of Verdun , Quebec, an d Waiter White of Ste. Therese , Qu ebec, and from the collection of the late Dr. C. F. Patterson thro ugh the University of Sas k a tch e wan , Sask a tchewan .

Th ere are new lilies of Dr. Pat17

terson 's, Professor J . C. Taylor of the Uni versity of Guelph , Ontario and Dr. E. F. Palmer of Vinela nd Experimental Station , Ontario. Dr. Skinner in Manitoba has a heavenly new pink lilac , Maiden's Blush , James Redman of the Royal Botanical Garden in Hamilton a collection of brightly colored and well- behaved michaelmas daisies called Royal Gems Amethyst, Sapphire, Opal and Pearl , and Leslie Hancock of Cooksville, Ontario, who will one day have a spectacular strain of azaleas and rhododendrons for Canadian gardens, introduces this spring a charming small variegated euonymus vivid green splashed with bright yellow called Goldtip. The hybridizer of the famous Grea t Lakes iris , L. W. Cous ins of London , Ontario, is develop ing new iris and peon ies. The Experi me ntal Stations at Brandon , Leth bridg e and Morden have produ ce d som e g lo ri ous new c h r ys a nthemums particul arly b red fo r fall brill ia nce and wi nter hardin ess.

We may be certa in the re are hundreds of new hybrids being created and grown by amateurs and professionals al l across Canada that will , in a few years, be outst anding p lants for Canadian gardens.

Quebec~s

• • Uniqlle Trade A OClatlon

Robert Luck

The history of the Qu ebec Association dates back some twenty years to April 18th 1947, when Louis Perron called a meeting of some twelve people representing some of the major landscaping and nursery firms of the province of Quebec.

It was Mr. Perron 's firm belief that there would be tremendous value to be obtained should there be organization in the industry. With Mr. Perron acting as chairman and Mr. Carl Luck acting as recording secretary a motion was carried that an association be formed under the name of Quebec Landscape Gardeners and Nurserymen's Association .

The first Committee was then composed , six members in all, to draft a set of by-laws for the association.

The first actual election of the association was held in December, 1949, when Louis Perron was elected president with Emmanuel Daccord, vice president and Paul E. Gagnon, Secretary.

Six members were voted in as the executive committee.

Mr. Perron remained in th e c hair until December 30th 1950. M uch is to be sai d fo r his accomplishm ents in bringing the Associ ation through its infantile ye ars . Com mittees had been set up, advertisements in five different Quebec Newspapers had commenced , advertising the fact that an Association existed protecting the rights of the public against unscrupulous operators .

Monthly meetings had been arranged with interesting guest speakers from associated industries. The Builders ' Trade Joint Committee had been approached to dissolve the 1 % tax levied on jobs done by the landscape industry.

Through the efforts of several prominent members of the Association, the Government was finally persuaded to realize that landscapers did not fall under the construction trades and therefore were not committed to the Joint Committee.

It remained this way until the spring of 1963 when a member of the Association was sued by the Joint Committee of the county of Terrebonne for the nonpayment of this tax.

This case was taken to court in St. Jerome,

18

Qu ebec , being considered as a test case against the landscape i ndustry.

However on Novemb er 18th, 1963, with the Ass ociation standing be hind its members and throu gh t he dilig ent to il of Max Poll ack , prom inent Montreal lawyer, the Builders ' Trade Joint Comm ittee lost th e case constitu ting the freedom of paym ent of this tax by the landscape industry of Quebec. It must be realized that without an Association this could never have been achieved. Not only did this help all landscapers but also served to increase the magnitude of the Association throughout the entire province.

During the fifties the Association prog ressed under the leadersh ip of presidents Emmanuel Daccord , Carl Luck, the late Gordon Herron , Wilfred H. Perron and William H. Pauly.

During th is period th e Association matured rapidly to an adul t hood of which all membe rs could truly be p roud .

Educational information w as acquired , not only by nurserymen and landscapers, but also by members of affiliated industries.

Louis Perr on Emmanuel Daccord

earl LlI ck

L' Association Unique du Quebec Robert Luck Le 18 avril , 1947, il Y a de cela 20 ans, M. Louis Perron reunissait 12 personnalites qui toutes, s'etaient affirmees dans le domaine de I'art paysager et dans celui du commerce des pepinieres au Quebec.

M. Perron n'avait pas doute un seul instant des enormes ressources d'une coalition des effectifs de I'industrie horticole.

Au cours de cette soiree, furent donc jetees les bases de notre Association. Sous I'egide de M. Perron titre de President, et de M. Carl Luck, dans le role de secretaire, l'Association des Jardiniers Paysagistes et Pepinieristes du Quebec devint une realite vivante. Un comite de six membres herita de la lourde tache d 'en rediger les reglements .

a

La premiere election officielle se deroula au cours de decembre, 1949. M. Louis Perron acceda a la Presidence , M. Emmanuel Daccord fut elu Vice-President, et M. Paul-Emile Gagnon herita du poste de secretaire. 6 autres pionniers vinrent completer le comite executif.

II Y aurait beacoup a dire sur M. Perron , qui

sut di riger fort habilement d 'ailleurs , les premiers pas de la nouvelle Assoc iation .

II occupa le poste de Pres ident, jusqu 'au 30 decembre, 1950. Sous son impulsion, des comites se formerent, une compagne de publicite s'amorga.

L'on voulait non seulement faire connaitre l'Association, mais egalement, proteger le public a I'egard des paysagistes d 'occasion . Des assemblees mensuelles prirent forme, et furent generalement rehaussees par la presence de conferenciers empruntes a des indu stries connexes.

L'on attaqua de front la taxe de 1 % imposee par le comite conjoint de la construction, sur les travaux d 'amenagement paysager.

Grace aux efforts tenaces de plusieurs membres influents de l'Association , cete taxe fut resci ndee. II ne fut pas facile de convaincre le gouvernement que les paysagistes ne tombent pas sous I'edit du comite conjoint.

Aucune complication de ce cote jusqu 'au printemps de 1963, alors que I'on intenta une poursuite a I'un de nos membres. Cette

cause-type fut entendue a st. Jerome, le 18 novembre, 1963.

Grace a I'appui sans limite de l'Association et a celui de M. Max Polak, avocat montrealais repute, le comite conjoint de la construction perdit sa cause. Inutile d 'insister sur le fait que sans les efforts conjugues et solidaires des membres de I' Association, cette cause se serait sol idee par un echec . Tous les paysagistes en profiterent, et I' Association elle-meme, acquit un statut reellement provincial.

Au cours des annees 50 des noms aussi bien connus que Messieurs Emmanuel Daccord , Carl Luck, le regrette Gordon Herron , Wilfrid H. Perron, W. H. Pauly se sont relegues a la presidence. A ce moment, l'Association pass a du stage de I'adolescence a celui d 'adulte. L'aspect educatif prit de plus en plus d 'i mportance, et profita egalement aux me mbres actifs et affilies.

Cordon Herr on Wit/r ed Perron Tflilliarn Pauly

Les reunions mensuelles devinrent bilingues au cours du mois d 'octobre, 1955.

L'on acquiesgait ainsi a la demande d 'un nombre grandissant de membres des deux groupes ethniques.

19

JrI aller Bowley

11 ' rman L oeven

In October, 1955, the Association undertook a major change in that all meetings became bilingual as the membership was increasing at a rapid rate among both English and French speaking Canadians. From the original twelve members of 1947 the membership had now increased to fifty with several associates participating. Throughout the early sixties, the Quebec Association was carried on by such recognized names in the trade as Waiter Bowley, Herman Loeven , and John Vincelli. During this era a gratifying change was sweeping the Association. Many of the sons of the original members infiltrated the ranks. Some of these members have already been elected to the executive. The Association had always been both functional and social. Annual dinner-dances and installation dinners were something that scarcely a Inember missed. By July, 1962, when the Canadian Association of Nurserymen held their convention in Montreal, the Quebec Association was prepared to give members a memorable time. An official city banquet was held in their honour at the Chalet in Montreal 's famous Beaver Lake Park.

On the last night the Association was host to "Quebec Night" when a dinner-dance was held entirely in the French Canadian tradition. This was an event that all who participated will long remember.

By the spri ng of 1963 Quebec was prepared to hold its first convention. This was held March 29th and 30th, at the Alpine Inn in the Laurentians, and was attended by over 60 delegates from Quebec and Ontario. This convention proved extremely successful and set the pattern for conventions held ever since.

This year, Canada's Centennial , the Quebec Association is proud to celebrate its 20th anniversary with over eighty-six members and associates. Not only is the membership increasing rapidly, but when we look at our executive we realize that our president, Claude Daccord and three of his directors for 1967 are sons of former presidents of the association .

It must be gratifying for all our past presidents, who were honoured this year at our 20th Anniversary convention, to review the objects of the Association. These include : promoting the interests of ornamental horticulture and higher standards of landscape practices , and the embellishment and beautification of our province.

These goals set by our Founders 20 years ago, have been achieved successfully.

20

10hll Villcelli

Clallrlc f) ac('(}/I{

Signalons que des 12 membres fondateurs de 1947, on en comptait deja au dela de 50, dont, plusieurs membres associes. A compter de 1960, ce rufent Messieurs Waiter Bowley, Herman Loeven et John Vincellli qui occuperent le fauteuil presidentiel. L'on franchit du meme coup , une phase bien significative. Plusieurs fils des fondateurs de l'Association s'y implanterent, et quelques-uns accede rent au directorat.

L'Association s'est toujours voulue a la fois fonctionnelle et sociale . Elle eut I'occasion de le demontrer au mois de juillet 1962, alors que nous fumes les hotes de l'Association Canadienne des pepinieristes. 11 y eut reception officielle de la part de la Ville de Montreal , au Chalet du Lac Aux Castors, Puis , lors d 'une soiree extraordinaire, I'on degusta un delicieux repas suivi de danse, dans la plus pure tradition canadienne-fran <;aise.

Un evenement memorable pour tous les congressistes .

Une soixantaine de congressistes du Quebec et de l'Ontario participerent a notre premiere convention annuelle, a l'Alpine Inn dans les Laurentides. Cet evenement d 'i mportance se deroula les 29 et 30 mars, 1963, et rem porta un franc succes.

En cette an nee du centenaire de la Confederation , notre Association celebre en meme temps ses 20 ans d 'existence. 86 membres actifs et associes composent maintenant nos effectifs. Que de progres realisees ces dernieres annees! Surtout lorsque I'on constate que le President actuel, M. Claude Daccord, et 3 des Directeurs, sont fils des fondateurs de notre organisation.

Promouvo ir les interets de I'horticulture ornementale, appliquer un standard plus eleve dans la pratique de I'art paysager et contribuer a I'embellissement de notre province, voila les objectifs tra<;es par les pionners de notre Associat ion. Nous sommes positifs qu 'ils ont ete atteints, et avec tous ces anciens Presidents honores lors de notre convention, nous devons nous rejouir d 'un tel succes.

rPilliam M. Brown A Centennial project of interest to horticultural experts and lay tourists has been completed in Lethbridge, Alberta.

The Japanese Garden is the result of co-operative efforts of several groups and individuals in Lethbridge and district, and has been financed by federal, provincial and municipal funds along with private contri butions.

Named Nikka Yuko which means Japan-Canada Friendship, the garden is believed to be the largest inland Japanese garden in the world . Opened in July 1966, it was officially dedicated this summer during Canada 's Centennial year. It is already provi ng to be a scenic island of tranquility in contrast to the adjacent flat Alberta prairie and the busy city environment.

The garden was designed by Dr. Tadashi Kubo of Osaka Prefecture University, Japan . The plan chosen by Lethbridge has already cost $275,000 and there is still work to be done although the project is essentially complete and open to the public.

The site is four acres, located in Henderson Park, adjacent to a seventy acre lake and surrounded by parkland. Thousands of yards of soil were trucked in to develop contours which are mainly raised above the adjacent areas. These mounds are used to set off trees and shrubs and to create a grade for the flowing and falling water which are features of the design.

The focal point of the garden is a tea house or pavilion, built of rare, sweet-smelling cyprus from Taiwan and constructed without a single nail. The main beams are dove-tailed and elsewhere wooden pegs hold the timbers in place. The tea house, a bell tower and shelter and two bridges, were all constructed in Japan, dismantled and then shipped to Canada to be reassembled. A team of Japanese artisan s crossed the Pacific to finish the job, planing the wood with ancient but efficient tools .

Trees and plant material of course had to be capable of standing up to the rigours of a Canadian Prairie climate. Plant material is typical of this area.

Pinus, Picea, Juniperus Pinus,

Picea,

and

Juniperus

Two views of Nikka Yuko in Lethbridge show ty pical features of a Japan ese Garden .

Hand-Picked Stones Some 250 hand-picked stones (most are weathered sandstone and one weighs 17 tons) were selected from the Crowsnest Pass district at the foot of the R,?ckies and hauled the eighty miles to the site. Enthusiasm r.a n high and often as many as fifty 'volunteers turned out on the weekends to lend a hand with the landscaping and picking some of the large flat stones used to form a beach or pond .

21

spec ies have been widely used with individual specimens selected for their suitab ili ty for each specific location . Deciduous material includes Acer , Cornus, Prunus, Sorbus and Malus species.

Where possible material larger than normal nursery stock was used. Many of the plants were donated or dug from the foothill area close to where the rock was obtained . The use of herbaceous perennials inside the garden is limited and annuals are not used . As with any good Japanese garden , the beauty will be in the design rather than in mass of colour which might be obtained by use of bedding plants.

The garden embraces five basic traditional garden types, (mountains and waterfall , streams, ponds and island, flat or prairie gardens and a dry garden) joined together by paths. The character changes with each season. Though it has not been considered advisable to keep it open during the winter, even then it has a beauty of its own.

Nur erie Perer

•

In

a I atchewan

w. Wright

two federal tree nurseries. One at Indian Head was to serve the south , and the other at Sutherland , just out of Saskatoon , to serve the north . Superintendent of the first was Norman Ross, from 1903 to 1941 , at which date John Walker took over. Superintendent of the second , set up in 1913, was J. H. McLean , and after his retirement, W. L. Kerr.

By 1935 the number of trees sent out from these two stations totalled 145 million, of which nearly seven million were evergreens. The Indian Head nursery, established first, specialized in producing the conifers, mostly White Spruce in the earlier days.

When the pioneers poured into the windswept plains of Saskatchewan , they became conscious at once of the need for shelterbelts of trees. Ornamentals , they felt, could wait until more money was available and fruit trees and bushes could also wait for a time, but trees to reduce the effect of the howling northwest winds would have to be planted at the earliest possible date.

Apart from some importations from Manitoba, the first to be sold on a large scale were trees grown in the United States, mostly in Minnesota. They were brought into Canada by T. A. Torgeson of Prairie Nurseries, Estevan.

His agents were all over the settled area and they succeeded in placing a great many trees.

Side-line Projects Another phase began when a number of homesteaders set up nurseries as side-line projects.

Among these was Seager Wheeler of Rosthern , already famous for his research in wheat. He originated Saska and Linda crabapples, CKC plum , and the Ruby and Prolific Sandcherry hybrids .

The Wheeler fruits , although of value at the time, would be hard to locate now.

Other homesteaders nearer the bush country went to the hillside bluffs, picked seeds of the native Manitoba Maple and sowed these for themselves .

When that 'godsend' common Caragana was introduced from Siberia, it was only a few years before the young bushes were producing seed . Such seeds the settlers harvested by hand and sowed freely. Some even raised Caraganas from hardwood cuttings.

Another of the pioneer nurserymen was John Lloyd of Swarthmore. He had been trained in budding on his father's farm in England . When he visited the Dominion Experimental Farm at Scott and became convinced that fruit growing had a future on the Prairies, he planted an orchard and nursery of his own , which at one t i m e reached twenty acres. It was the expense of maintaining the 0 r ch a r d which led him to raise fruit trees for sale.

But the need for the encouragement of shelter-belts was so great that it soon became obvious that official sponsorship of tree planting would be an astute political move. The attitude of a considerable proportion of the settlers - "Make a pile and get out of this god-awful country" could not be changed without making the homesteads worthy of the name "homestead" by undertaking the tree - planting that is necessary to give a sense of permanence to a home.

Foundational Federal Tree Nurseries

His nursery was foundational in the Prairie provinces, for his

The result was the setting up of 22

catalogue, scattered from the head of the lakes in Ontario to the Peace River country, meant the beginning of hundreds of small home orchards in the Prairies . It was he who made the Rescue applecrab, originated at Scott, and the Heyer 12 apple, originated by Adolph Heyer of Nevill e, the two foremost Malu s varieties in the Prairies . In spite of the competition of varieties originating in Manitoba, and aggressive Manitoba salesmanshi p, these varieties have maintained their lead to this day.

Adolph Heyer himself never became a nurseryman , though his orchard , planted to remind him of home in far-off Norway, did a great deal to convince Prairie folk they should not neglect the growing of fruits .

Another pioneer whose attention was soon diverted to the raising of nursery stock was J. M. Dyck of Struan , who , in co-operation with his step-son , George Krahn , set up the Lake Shore Nursery in 1936. These partners, with the aid of a general catalogue, were soon selling trees and other plants over the Prairies .

Pocket Woodland Their nursery, 10 cat e d in a pocket of wooded country south of the southward elbow of the North Saskatchewan River, was in a district mois ter than most, so that they were able to raise trees without irrigation . After Mr. Dyck's death in 1950, Mr. Krahn became sole owner. In 1953 he moved to Saskatoon, retaining the name of the first nursery.

Another pioneer, W. A. Munro, was at one time superintendent of the Dominion Experimental Station at Rosthern . In 1932 he

started raising nursery stock in co-operation with his son, Dean, and the y operated a general nursery near Prince Albert until 1951 .

1954; and Jubilee in 1955. His Honeywood B I a c k Raspberry was named and introduced in 1934.

sured his plants against drought.

Dutch Growers is now operating as a garden centre, with an attractive display of plants with many kinds for sale in tubs.

Dr. H. D. Weaver of Saskatoon was one of the city 's most popular medical practitioners. When he located on the site which later became " Weaver's Nursery," a mile and a half west of the government elevator at Saskatoon, a considerable part of it was under water and practically a lake. In later, drier years this low land became an important part of the nursery. For many years following its establishment about 1910, Weaver 's Nursery supplied the major part of the needs of Saskatoon . In 1947 this nursery was acquired by Andy Littleton, who in turn sold it to George Krahn in 1953. Mr. Littleton, however, continued in nursery work from his new home in Dalmeny, mostly selling purchased nursery stock.

Originated Lilies

Ken Boughen , son of W. J .

Boughen of Manitoba, came to Nipawin and set up a nursery.

At first his s a le s consisted largely of home-raised stock, but he has come to depend upon stock brought in from Ontario and elsewhere, much of which he re-sells individually wrapped , to supermarkets.

Well Water Percy H. Wright started t he " Wilkie Fruit Nursery" ju st west of the townsite of Wilkie, in 1925.

A well , only 20 feet deep, supplied 2,000 gall ons of water per day. In 1938 we moved to a site n ear Moose Range and chose the name " Carrot Valley Nursery." The soil there was so well supplied with moisture that drought was no longer a problem , but the site was drowned out in 1954.

Mrs . C. Cramer of White Fox, across the river from Nipawin , started selling stock in 1922, specializing in perennials and bush fruits . Nursery stock is still being sold by her 45 years later.

A. J. Porter of Parkside started selling his nursery plants in 1934.

He at first divided his time between beekeeping and nursery work. His first sales consisted largely of Strawberry and Raspberry plants . The Strawberry plants soon became mainly his own varieties, Sparta as early as 1942; Pixie in 1947; Parkland in

In later years he has specialized in lilies, therefore issuing two catalogues a year. His lilies have been sold all over Canada and the United States . His own originati ons of lilies in c I u d e many of the most valuable of the hardy lilies of Canadian orig in.

Ken Heaver of Baljennie started nursery work in 1937, and did considerable business until he abandoned nursery wo r k in favor of wheat growing in 1947.

He maintained his interest in fruit trees, however, and has become widely known as one of the few commercial orchardists in the province.

Norman Mountain of Lloydminster set up " Mountain's Nursery " in 1951 , after working for some time at the Morden Experimental Station. His business was partly to supply the town and district wit h greenhouse transplants and partly to produce and sell nursery stock of many different lines. His business has grown steadily, built on a foundation of goodwill and reliable service.

H. D. Stewart came to Saskatoon in 1928 and acquired the property which later became " Stewart's Nursery. " He began selling in 1934. He was one of the three Prairie nurserymen , who in 1940 brought in a pound of seed of the Manchurian Elm (price, $1) from Ptitsin , a White Russian refugee in Harbin , Manchuria. The Manitoba introducer was Dr. Frank Skinner and in Alberta a Mr. Taylor of Edmonton.

Pipeline to River Mr. Stewart sold out to Mr. Van Duyvendyk in 1953, who renamed the nu r s er y " Dutch Growers. " In 1961 he installed a pipeline to the South Saskatchewan River and thereby in23

Under the n a m e of Estevan Greenhouses, W. Fichteman began business in 1932. He is doing an extensive business not only in nursery plants, but also in perennial flowers , shrubs, and rockery plants. He operates on both wholesale and retail levels.

Other men who operated nurseries for a limited time include : Jacob Ediger, Rosetown ; W. D. Moore, Biggar ; and a group at Parkside: J. C. Richards; E. G. Willoughby, who discovered the mildew - resistant Willoughby Black Currant ; and F ran k Jacobs.

Original Association The Saskatchewan Nurserymen 's Association received its original impetus as a result of the interest of W. L. Kerr of Saskatoon , who sent out the original invitations. The " Founding Fathers " met at the Forestry Nursery Station on August 6, 1957. President was George K r a h n ; vice-president A. J. Porter ; secretary-treasurer Jacob Ediger and directors W. Fichteman and Norman Mountain. The name was later changed to Saskatchewan Nursery Trades Association.

The Prairie Association of Nurserymen , uniting nurserymen of the three Prairie provinces in interest and outlook, took place in the following year, 1958. With the founding of these two associations the nursery trade in Saskatchewan , as well as in Man itoba and Alberta , has reached the " grown up" stage .

Th e twenty-four " Great Canadi ans in Horti c ul tu re" whose short biographies appear in the following arti c le are merely a handful of tho se wh o have contributed to the great development of the horticultural industry in Can ada. It was felt that those named here had a more than passing influence on our industry, though as som e of the history articles elsewhere in the book will quickly show, other great Canad ians to o left their marks. The twenty-four here represent all regions of Canada and have made th ei r respective contributions in the government and commercial fields. It is to these " Great Canadians in Horticulture" that this volume is dedicated .

Great Canadians in Horticulture J. V ilhelm Stens on Blacklock was not satisfi ed with " packets of seeds " bu t sent all over the world for special plants or seeds and soon had an outstanding collection in her garden .

In 1910, when her father died , Miss Blacklock went to England and France and visited many famous nu rseries , cementi ng friendships made by mail. Her contact with Mons. V. Lemoine et Fils led to her interest in Lilacs and Peonies.

Mary Eliza Blacklock Mary Eliza Blacklock was born on January 19, 1860, the only child of John C. and Lou isa Blacklock of the little vill age of Hastings, Ontario, whe re John Blacklock had one of t he early knitting mills.

When she came back to Canad a she purchased five acres of land at Mead owvale, on the Credit River, and in 1914 establ ished Rowancroft Gardens.

With stock from France she g rew every hardy plant she could find . Her intense interest in gro wi ng things, her keen sense of humor and her capacity for hard wo rk led the venture to success and soon her garden was kn own to gardeners all across Canada. She won many horticultural awards at flower sh ows held in different parts of the province in the early days.

Mary Eliza spent her you th in Hastings and Col born e and w en t to school in Ottawa at th e Convent School of the Sac re d Heart. When she was a young woman her family moved to Toronto and Miss Blacklock began to grow plants in a long , narrow garden on Dovercourt Road. She found th is a congenial way of making " talent money" for her pet project the bu ild ing fund of Ste. Anne 's Angl ican Chu rch .

To the end of her long life her interest in new and better plants never flagged. She brought many things, unknown before, into Canadian gardens.

Records from th is early garden show that most perenn ial plants sold for 5rt and 10rt and sh rubs we re 25rt! Because she w as always a perfection ist M iss

A serene old age - with her sense of humour well preserved - was a blessing to all who knew her. She died at her home in 1956 at the age of 96.

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Albert Edward Brown Al bert E. Brown was vicepres ident of Sheridan Nurseries Li mited, having been associated with the firm for fifty-one years.

He served in various capacities, be ginni ng in 1915 as a foreman with the company's landscape department. He quickly rose to head the department and guide it through some difficult years.

Al bert Edward Brown was born in Reading, Eng land in 1883. His fo rma l training in the field of ho rticulture was begun in 1903 at Kew Gardens near London.

Grad uating in 1905 as one of the top sch ol ars, he was chosen for a po siti on in India by the British Government, because he was observed at Kew as a good prac ti cal horticu lturist.

In India he supe rvised a large pu blic parks develo pment for the British Government, but afte r contacting malaria, he was forced to leave foll owing seven years of pub lic service. He journeyed to Canada and wor ked fo r short periods in the

Niagara peninsula and Toronto area before being engaged by the late Howard DuningtonGrubb for the position of landscape foreman for Sheridan.

After years of carrying on both the operation of the landscape department, and the production of the Company 's annual catalogue, Mr. Brown stepped down from active participation in landscaping to devote his full time to company advertising and the production of the retail and wholesale catalogues. He also operated a small advisory service for Sheridan customers.

In his many active years with organizations and associations, he held numerous directorships.

The Gardeners and Florists Association of Ontario, the Canadian Rose Society, and the Canadian National Exhibition and Royal Agricultural Winter Fair Flower Show Committees all felt his influence for extended periods of time. He was a Life Member of the Kew Guild, an association of Kew graduates and staff members founded, in 1892. He was also a Life Member and Past President of the Gardeners and Florists Association , and in January 1966 was made an Honourary Life Member of the Ontario Landscape Contractors Association.

He passed away February, 1967.

Leslie Franklin Burrows Leslie Franklin Burrows is wellknown in horticultural circles as organizer and fi rst secretary of the Canadian Horticultural Council, a position he has held since 1922.

Older nurserymen will also remember Mr. Burrows as secretary of the Eastern Canada Nurserymen 's Association from

1924-49. He organized, in 1924, the Canadian Fruit Wholesalers ' Association and was appointed manager, a position he still holds.

He graduated from O.A.C. in 1915, enlisted, served in France as a captain and was awarded the Military Cross.

Mr. Burrows married a graduate of MacDonald Hall , Millie Diefenbecker. Their two sons served in the Second World War, one as a pilot in India, and the other with a bomber squadron based in England.

A Rotarian since 1925, Les Burrows has been at times a director and chairman of various committees of the Ottawa Rotary Club.

Malcolm Bancroft Davis Malcolm Banc roft Davis was born in Yarmouth County, Nova Scotia, in 1890. He graduated from McGill University (Macdonald College) with the B.S.A. degree in 1912, received the M.Sc . degree from Bri stol University in 1930, and the LL.D. (Honourary) from McGill University in 1955.

He joined the staff of the Horticulture Division , Experimental Farms Service , Canada Department of Agriculture , in 1914, and served overseas in the armed forces 1916 to 1919.

He was chief of the Horticulture Division from 1933 until his retirement in 1955. During that period he built it into a large and important research unit with a high international reputation .

Dr. Davis gave his early attention to plant breeding and supported it generously throughout his career, but most phases of horticulture, especially fruit growing , profited from his active interest.

He pioneered plant nutrition research in fruit, vegetables and gree nhouse ornamentals. He establish ed the first experimental cold storage unit in Can ada for research on fruit and vegetab les and undertook the first gas storage research on appl es in No rt h Amer ica.

He was actively associated with fruit processing and, during the Second World Wa r, with vegetable dehydration .

Dr. Davis played a major role in developing Can ada's wartime vegetable seed industry and in the early development of Canada 's potato breeding project. Dr. and Mrs . Davis live in active retirement in Carp, Ontario.

Harry Dale Harry Dale, founder of Dale Estates Limited, inherited a 12 x 40 vegetable growing greenhouse from his father, Edward Dale, and began grow ing roses .

To quote from the Brampton Centennial Souvenir Booklet of 1953: " Harry Dale had the brain of a general. He knew his terrain, how to bui ld houses, how to heat them, and how to grow the flowers he loved. He knew his men too; both their strengths and weaknesses; where to place them; and how to get them to do their best work . Wh en he died in 1900 he had under way the greatest greenh ou se building prospect in Canada".

Dales made Brampton the "Flower Town " of Canada and the firm enjoyed world-wide fame. In 1965 Waiter E. Calvert Limited, a neighboring producer, and Dale Estates Limited decided to merge.

Harry Dale's original 500 sq. ft. of glass became the largest flower growing establishment in the world.

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Dexter D'Everardo In 1937 Canada 's oldest nursery - Fonthill Nurseries - Stone & Wellington - celebrated the centenary of its birth .

The founder, Dexter D' Everardo, seems a man of mystery.

Nevertheless he discovered in Fonthill , Ontario, choice soil and climate, for the propagation and growing of nursery stock.

The Fonthill Nurseries, under the management of three generations of WellingtonsW. E. , F. W. and the present W. B. Wellington, became the largest in Canada, and, at one time, through its agencies, shipped its products, in particular high quality fruit trees, from coast to coast.

Born in 1814, D' Everardo seems to have managed the nursery for more than 50 years from 1837 until his death in 1891.

To quote from the brochure "One Hundred Years " published by the nursery in 1937: " He was recognized as a leader in all departments of the young community life contributing immeasurably to the welfare of the community for he was essentially public spirited. " He lies buried in Fonthill cemetery.

Henry M. Eddie

Trained by the Royal Horticul tural Society in the 1907 period , Henry M. Eddie served as head gardener on the 5,000 acre estate of Lord Inchcape in Scotland. He came to Vancouver in 1909 with his wife and sons , William now in the U.S. A. and Henry, who carries on th e nu rsery.

He w as employed by th e Royal Nurse ries and was in c harge of landscaping a number of fine old homes in th e Sh aughnessy district but after a yea r or two took over a fru it ranch at Al bi on only to return a few ye ars later to horticultural work in Vancou ver.

A few years later he acce pted a position w ith the Oregon Nu rsery of Portland and was given authority to locate a nu rse ry locally to grow trees for orchards in the Okan ag an valley. In 1916 he started wh at was later to become B.C. Nu rseries at Sardis, B.C. For the next ten years as many as 75,000 fruit trees a year were produced and most of them sold in the Okanagan . In addition ornamental trees were grown and sold retail.

Also in 1916, Mr. Eddie became interested in roses and brought in understock from many parts of the world for development and improvement. He planted thousands of seedlings from seed obtained in Japan and finally developed a thornless strain.

In 1921 he started growing nursery stuck on his own . By testing, selecting and improving strains he and his two sons expanded the business until they sold as many as 450,000 plants across Canada per year.

In 1930 he started a branch in Everson , Washington and within two years half a million roses were grown and sold in the northern states. About this time he also started hybridizing and introduced a number of good new varieties, two of these winning the coveted gold medal of the Royal National Rose Society in England in competition with roses from all over the world .

Mr. Eddie died in 1953 but will be long remembered as one who contributed much to the improvement of plants generally and to the methods of growing them in mass quantities .

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Roscoe A. Fillmore Retired head gardener of the Dominion Atlantic Railway and the Grand Pre Memori al Park, Nova Scotia, Roscoe Fillmore was born in New Brunswick .

From an early age he worked in nurseries in New York State, on farms in Manitoba and Saskatchewan and in British Columbia. In 1913 he became superintendent of the larg est commercial orchard in Burton , New Brunswick, and ten ye ars later was agronomist on a large state farm at Kemerovo , Central Siberia. Returning to Canad a in 1924, he established The Vall ey Nurseries in Nova Scotia.

Mr. Fillmore, writes : " In my eighty years I have propagated and grown millions of pl ants, trees, and shrubs.

Twenty years or so ago I began to propo gate Rhododendrons and Azaleas from seeds, grafts, and various kinds of cu tti ngs. Our Nova Scotia soil, medi um to very acid , I found to be a natural for ericaceous materia l. " In 1953 I wrote 'Green Thumbs ' as a so rt of manual for gardeners. It was published by The Ryerson Press in June of that year and has gone through many editi ons and still enjoys a steady sale in hard binding . " In 1957 Ryersons published 'The Growing Question ' a volum e co ntaining nearly 2,000 qu estion s and answers. " In 1959 'Roses for Canadian Gardens' came out. I have always con sidered this my best book bu t the public does not ag ree as evide nced by sales. " In 1961 Rye rson s brought out 'Th e Pere nnial Border and Rock Gardens '. Now I am too old to grow or write about plants. "

of the Winn ipeg Free Press and landscape consultan t for Winn ipeg Hydro and other institutions .

mid fifti es he was awarded the Ontari o Assoc iati on of A rch itects' All ied A rts Med al. He was an honou ra ry membe r of the Canadi an and Ontario Nursery Trad es Assoc iations , and of the Intern ational Shade Tree Conf.

As a sidel ine he founded a nurse ry - Sheridan - in 1913 an d in 1958 established a found ati on for the development of Meadowvale Botanical Gardens, northwest of Toronto.

H. B. Dunington-Grubb Howard Grubb, a Yorkshireman, graduated from the Landsca pe School of Cornell University in 1908 and then crossed the ocean as a stable hand on a cattle boat to land a job wit h Thomas H. Mawson, at that time a leading landscape architect.

He met his future wife as she was presenting a lecture on town planning. They emigrated to Canada in 1912. Mrs. Grubb lectured and wrote extensivel y on landscape and horticulture.

The firm never had a large office, but Howard Grubb left his mark in the landscape field with such projects as the Oakes Garden Theatre, and Rainb ow Bridge Gardens, Niagara Fall s ; Gage Park and Mc Master Entrance Park, Hamilton; and University Avenue, Toronto.

Born in 1881 in York, England, Howard B. Dunington-Grubb passed away in 1965. He was a unique character. In his own words : " At an early age managed to checkmate the project of making him a schoolmaster by landing up at the bottom of every class he was ever in , and failing to make even the third eleven in cricket or football. " At a family gathering called at the end of the last century, it was unanimously decided to ship the problem child out to the colonies , where after many years he stumbled by accident, without qualifications into society 's worst paid profession".

Toronto 's Arts and Letters Club; University Club ; Cricket, Skating and Curling Club and Board of Trade were all frequented by Howard Grubb. Until two years before his death he played golf at one of the area 's finest clubs , the Toronto Golf Club. In the

William Terril Macoun William Terril Macoun was born in Belleville, Ontario, in 1869.

He attended Belleville Public School and Ottawa Collegiate Institute and was awarded the honourary degree of Doctor of Science by Acadia University in 1929. Dr. Macoun entered government service in 1888 as assistant to Dr. William Saunders, director of Experimental Farms, Canada Department of Agriculture.

William Russell Leslie W. R. Leslie was superintendent of the Dominion Experimental Station , Morden, Manitoba, 193556, and as such was closely identified with the introduction of over a hundred var ieties of hardy ornamentals, fruits and vegetables suitable for Prairie c ulture.

In 1898 he became horticulturist and curator of the arboretum and botanic gardens, Central Experimental Farm and in 1910 was made dominion horticulturist with responsibility for horticultu re th roug hout the experimental farm system.

Many have proven to be of significant value in landscape use, such as Malus Almey, Lythrum Morden Rose and Aster Sunup.

Dr. Macoun was a horticulturist in the true sense of one who knows his material from intimate personal experience . He was active in the expansion period of Canadian horticulture and wrote many bulletins on fruits and ornamental plants, some of them classics in their field .

Awards he received between 1916 and 1966 give some indication of the esteem in which he is held by his fellow men . They include : Lieutenant-Governor gold medal for general proficie ncy in B.S.A. degree course, Un ivers ity of Manitoba, 1916 ; el ected a Fellow, American Asso ciation for the Advancement of Science 1927 ; Un ive rsity of Manitoba, Honourary Doctor's Degree, LL.D., 1952 ; Citati on for fifty years of devoted work in testi ng plants for cold c limates by the American Hortic ultura l Counci l, 1956; one of th e ori gina l " Golden Boys" Aw ard , Manitob a, 1960 and Honourary Life Membe r, Western Canadian Society for Ho rtic ultu re, 1960.

Much of his personal attention was given to plant breeding . The apple varieties Melba, Joyce, Lobo, Hume and Linda are monuments to his name.

The value of his work was recognized by numerous awards by the Amer ican Pomological Society, the American Rose Society, the International Exposition of Horticulture, Brussels , and the French National Society for Horticulture.

Dr. Macoun died in Ottawa in August, 1933.

Dr. Leslie is now g arden editor 27

expo6Z It 11'0.1 /ollr )ea r ago Ilwt Montr eal municipal authorities annOllneed Ex po 67 would be staged on tll'O island in tlt e middle o/tlte t. La wrence River opposite the cit )': one a/th em was only hal/th ere at th e time - and th e oth er ju st 1('a not . t\"o miracle occurred , simply th e wonders 0/ modern teclw ology had been brought to bear. In ten m onth , ro ck and earth, amounting to IS million tons, were broll ght to the site. The two most power/ul dredgers a/the world brought lip 6,825,000 tons from the ri ver bed for the purpo e. Th e rest was tru cked. o /le Sainle·Helene (uppe r le/t in photo at right) was doubled in size, and /le l\'ol re·Dame ( lower portion 0/ photo ), 0/ similar proportions , was created. In Au gusl , 1963, Ihe operation 0/ raising 26,970 fe et 0/ external wa lls for the island, and 21,150 feet 0/ internal protection wa lls, got underway. The fill job proper began in Octob er 1963 and was done by the end 0/ Jun e 1964.

Thou sands o/lar{!,e caliber trees were planted on th e newly created islands. On e C.N.T.A. member alone SlIpplied and delivPfed over 12,000 3 to 12" caliber trees.

Japan 's pavilion consists 0/ superimposed prestressed concrete beams. R esult is an elegant and modern interpretation a/traditional Japan ese architecture.

The outstanding Czechoslovakia pavilion 1.(·ins acclaim not on ly for ils architecture but also for the new movie film techniques demonstrated.

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r---------------- ---

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The Pavilion 0/ the Soviet Union laces the bubble dome 0/ fh e United S tales pavilion ( le/t ) across LeMoyne Cha nn el which separates the two island sites 0/ the exhibition and is bridged by the Cosmos Walk.

Thin blades 0/ aluminum -- upright, sloping in ward and slanting outward -- encircle the seven circular stories 0/ the pavilion 0/ France . Exhibit are on science, industry, technology, music, art and literature.

A huge inverted pyramid -- the Katimavik -- dominates the buildings 0/ the Canadian pavilion . It takes its name from the Eskimo wo rd for "gathering place". The People 0/ Canada section ( le/t) features a huge reproduction 0/ a maple tree, 0/ which the leaves are hundreds of coloured photographs depicting Canadians at work and leisure.

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Spencer D. McConnell

J. N. B. McDonald

Thomas Baker McQuesten

Spencer McConnell , chairman of the board of The McConnell Nursery Company Limited , is Canada 's best known nu rseryman.

J. N. B. McDonald , found er of Lacombe Nu rseries Limited, Lacombe, Alberta , served a six year horticultural apprenticeshi p on the Duke of Ham ilton 's Estate in Scotland , follow ed by a year of special training at Dickson 's Nurseries in Edinburgh. For six years he was head forester for Lord Powerscourt on his Irish Estate near Dublin.

Ontario has a number of "monuments" which are beginning to be taken for granted .

Some might not be in existence had there not been a Thomas Baker McQuesten (1882-1948) of Hamilton. His contributions ranged from piloting in 1934 a $200,000,000 road building programme which included the Queen Elizabeth Way, to two great park systems - one in Hamilton the other at Niagara Falls.

In 1934 the late Honourable T. B. McQuesten entered provincial politics, was immediately sworn in as Minister of Highways and the same year appointed chairman of The Niagara Parks Commission.

Oakes Garden Theatre, the extensive parkways and the Sc hool of Horticulture were all part of his dream. Now they are largely his monument.

His foresight and persistence resul ted in one of the foremost park systems of that time.

Hamilton's Gore Park, and the development during the depressi on of the Northwestern entrance to Hamilton, including the rock garden, resulted . He had much to do with the relocating of McMaster University from Toronto to Hamilton during the late twenties, securing land for the development of the campus in association with what was to become the Royal Botanical Gardens.

He was the founder and chief architect of the Royal Botanical Gardens and as early as 1930 t his institution existed as part of the Hamilton Park System.

In 1941 the Royal Botanical Gardens was given independent status by provincial legislation and the Hon. T. B. McQuesten

His association with the McConnell Nursery Company commenced in 1912 when he entered into partnership with his father, Hilliard McConnell , specializing in the growing of small fruits and fruit trees.

The firm has become one of the largest mail order nurseries on the continent, sending out 500,000 catalogues three times a year and shipping from coast to coast.

Spencer has always given most freely of his time to nursery association work, having been chairman of many committees, president of the national association for six years and a director of the Canadian Horticultural Council for more than a quarter of a century. He is the sole surviving founding member of the original Eastern Canada Nurserymen's Association.

His activities have not been confined to horticulture. He is president of the Aylmer and Malahide Telephone Company, a position he has held for thirty years, a past president of the Telephone Association of Canada and a member and past president of the Aylmer Rotary ClUb. Few nurserymen can boast such an active and public spirited life.

In 1906 he came to Canad a and worked in Vancouver. From 1908 to 1912 he was an i nspector for the Prairie Tree Planting Division at Indian Head , Sask.

In April , 1912, J.N.B. (as he was familiarly known) went into the nursery business and picked Lacombe, Alberta as the best location for such a venture. The original 20 acre block formed the nucleus of Lacombe Nurseries Limited wh ich now comprises 250 acres.

These were difficult years in a new venture with scarce labou r, the 1914-1918 war and two sons in the armed forces . Through perseverance and hard wo rk the business gradually expanded and became known as a firm supplying hardy dependable plants for Alberta.

J .N.B. retired from active partici pation in 1939 at the age of 71 but his retirement was short lived. The Second World War started and his son John was called up so J.N.B. took over operation for the duration.

J. N. B. McDonald was one of the pioneer growers of the West who loved plants. He was an optimist who never lost sight of his vision of making Alberta a more beautiful and fruitful place in which to live. He passed away in his 89th year, in 1957.

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became first president, serving until his untimely passing in 1948.

Working closely with the late McMaster President, G. P. Gilmour, first staff members fo r the Gardens were app ointed in 1946. His real memorial is the rock garden . The spring garden and children 's garden were started in 1947. Now as the arboretum is coming into prominence, the founder is especially remembered , for it was his foresight that ensured inclusion of this 400 acre tract.

What remains to be done, is to appropriately " label " these " monuments " so that the memory of this Canadian will always be associated with them .

phases of gardening and plant materials for Canadian cond itions , such as ornamental trees, shrubs , ground covers , hedges , roses , herbaceous perennials, annual flowers and bulb s.

Since retirement, he has been responsible for the development of the grounds at Mackinac College , Michigan.

In 1959 Warren Oliver was presented with the Trillium Award by the Ontario Nursery Trades Association .

varieties ; 'Mount Royal ' being perhaps the best-known.

When the James Morgan estate was broken up after World War 11, McGill University acquired part of it for use as an arb oretum. At that time Cleveland Mo rga n erected a stone monument to the memory of his parents and brother Harold.

Th e work of collecting and estab lishing all the native trees hardy in the Montreal area, was then be gun by Dr. W. H. Brittain , fi rst cu rator.

Mr. Morgan died in 1962.

E. Frank Palmer Director of the Horticultural Experiment Station , Vineland , Ontario, 1916 to 1956, Dr. E. Frank Palmer brought it worldwide recogniti on as a research institute.

Most famous for his new introductions in fruit and ornamental horticulture, Dr. Palmer played a major role in the introduction of " V" Peaches, Cherries, Viking Raspberries and Grapes .

Some eighty varieties of Gladiolus have been introduced of which Picardy became progenitor of today 's varieties.

Lily breeding began as a hobby in 1932 and his introductions won many awards . " Regina " twice won the Griffith cup.

The revolutions in orchard soil management and fruit tree pruning were the result of Dr. Palmer 's experiments.

He was very much interested in the breeding of Rhododendrons and other ericaceous plants suitable for southern Ontario and to that end established in 1945 The Richard Blake Palmer Horticultural Trust, administered through the Horticu Itu ral Research Institute, Vineland , and The Palmer Memorial Trust, 1963, at the Royal Botanical Garden s.

R. Warren Oliver

F. Cleveland Morgan F. Cleveland Morgan , LL.D. was one of three sons of James Morgan of Senneville, Quebec.

James Morgan was an enthu siastic gardener and his beautiful garden in 'Southlands' , Bermuda, remains today as an inspiration to would-be horticultu ral ists.

Mr. Morgan , born in 1882 was better known to the public as an art collector, but his real hobby was in the field of horticulture. He was a lecturer of note and one of the vice-presidents of the Royal Horticultural Society, England.

He was interested in alpine gardening and his rock garden in Senneville, containing a vast variety of specimens , was well known in the gardening world.

He designed the rock gardens for the Banff Springs Hotel and for Government House in Ottawa. He also specialized in hybridization of Iris and establish ed a number of new

R. Warren Oliver started gardening at an early age by pulling up the neighbours' tulips to see where they came from. This may have led to later success at Ottawa, in the adaption of cultural practice and variety selection in the growing of spring flowering bulbs.

Early practical experience was gained in the Niagara district and with Sheridan Nurseries Limited before graduation from Ontario Agricultural College in 1920. Fifteen years were spent in the professional design and construction of golf courses and gardens in Canada and Florida before joining the staff of the Divis ion of Horticulture (now Plant Research Institute) of the Canada Department of Agriculture, where he remained until retirement in 1962.

As senior horticu lturi st in ornamentals for fifteen years of this service , he was responsible fo r the testing and selection of ornamental plant material , as well as experimental work pertaining to its culture. His best known activity was the production of bulletins on various

31

Isabella Preston

Frank Leith Skinner

Isabella Preston was a horticulturist and plant breeder of worldwide renown . Born in 1881 in Lancaster, England, and a graduate of Swanley Horticultural College in 1906, she came to Canada and found employment under Professor J. W. Crow at the Ontario Agricultural College, Guelph , and commenced her work on lily breeding .

In 1960 she joi ned the staff of the Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa, and continued her work with lilies but broadened her scope to include other ornamental perennials and shrubs, notably crabapples.

Many horticultural honours came to this shy and unassuming gardener. The Veitch Gold Medal in 1938 was followed by the Cory Cup the Royal Horticultural Society Challenge Cup for Lilies; the Lyttel Cup in 1950 and the E. H. Wilson Award of the North American Lily Society in 1961 as well as several others.

A whole new race of hybrid Lilacs, excellent for use as landscape material, developed

by Miss Preston were named in her honour as Syringa Prestoniae. Others of her developments included flowering Crabapples, and shrubby Roses.

A new horticultural book entitled "Ornamental Shrubs for Canadian Gardens" , authored by Messrs. Lawrence C. Sherk and Arthur R. Buckley about to be published by Canada Department of Agriculture is dedicated to her memory.

Miss Preston retired in 1946 planning to live in England , but the climate did not agree with her and she returned to Canada to live in Georgetown , Ontario.

She passed away in 1965.

It is impossible in a few wo rds to describe th e achi evements of one of Can ada' s fore most creato rs of new pl ants.

The introduction of som e 144 varieties in a wide range of diverse, hardy ornamen ta ls, suitable for the severe cl imate of the Prairies , give som e idea of the scope of his effo rts over a span of 60 years.

A partial list of honou rs given to Dr. Skinner include : Mem ber of the British Empire (M.B .E.), 1943; Honourary LL.D. the University of Manitoba, 1947; Stevenson Memorial Med al, 1932; Winner of the Cory Cup, Royal Horticultural Society, 1943; E. H. Wilson Memorial Award - North American Lily Society, 1964; Golden Boy's Good Citizen Award , 1964; Minnesota Horticultural Soc iety Bronze Medal , 1943 and Ci tati on from American Horticultu ral Society.

He was elected honourary member of: the International Plant Propagator's Soc iety & C.N .T.A. His last honour " Order of the Buffalo Hunt" was bestowed by Premier Duff Roblin of Manitoba February, 1967. He passed aw ay in his 85th year, August, 1967.

Senator Ernest Disraeli Smith 's great grandfather cam e to Canada as a United Empire Loyalist in 1787 and settl ed near Winona, Ontario.

Born in 1853, Mr. Smith as a young man took up fruit farming at Winona, in 1880 and gradually worked into the propagation and growing of small fruits , fruit trees and later ornamental nursery stock. He founded E. D. Smith & Sons Limited in 1882 and the firm became famous for its fruit tree production . Many of the first orchards of the Annapolis Valley, the Brighton and Trenton districts of Ontario, as well as the Niagara Peninsula, originated in the E. D. Smith Nurseries.

It was one of the first Canadian Nurseries to grow roses in great variety on a commercial basis , and the rose test garden of more than 600 varieties at Winona was at the time the best in North America.

In 1903 surplus fruit inspired Senator Smith to undertake the manufacture of Strawberry Jam .

The company is still one of the leading manufacturers in Canada. After the war, real estate development curtailed operation of the nursery in 1947.

Senator Smith was a member of the House of Commons from 1900 to 1908 and Senator for 30 years.

Henry Teuscher

Ernest Disraeli Smith 32

Born in Berlin, Germany, in May 1891, Henry Teuscher studied in that city, graduating with the equivalent of a master's degree in horticulture and landscape architecture.

He came to the United States in 1922 on the recom mendation of the late Professor Sargent and he worked successively at the

Arnold A rboretum, the Mo rton Arboretum and the New Yo rk Botanical Garde n as dendrologist.

I n May, 1936, he came to Montreal to design, devel op an d organize the Montreal Botani cal Garden of which he was the curator till May, 1962. Under his impetu s the Montreal Botanical Garden has become a well known institu tion wi th a very nice layout an d on e of the finest collecti o ns of trop ical plants in the world , the subject of admiration of thousands of visitors.

Since he retired he sti ll devotes time to the study of orchi ds to which he has devote d several dozen articles. He has also written two books on wind owbox gardening and so ils and countless papers on vari ous horticultural subje cts.

brought fo rth a hardy bi-colour, 'Musican '.

he ca me to Canada to work in British Columbia in 1908 and in 1909 entered the Ontario Agricultu ral College as a student. In 1913 he returned to British Colum bia where he worked for th e department of agriculture as a horticulturist.

He joined the staff of the Ontario Agr icultural College as a lectu rer in horticulture in 1918 and from then until he met with the accident that claimed his life in Calgary, Alberta , on July 25th , 1946, he applied his training and knowledge for the betterment of horticulture in Ontario , and indeed Canada.

The nursery industry and all served by it benefited both directly and indirectly from the many lectures he gave throughout the province and from the encouragement given to all those interested in plants and their uses in home and civic improvement.

Mr. Wright 's work in hybrid ization also includes numerous lilies and Rosybloom ornamental crabapples. His lilies are descended from Nubian or from Willmottiae unicolor.

Edmund John Zavitz Dr. Edmund John Zavitz is not exactly a horticulturist, but a man with vision who has done much to keep Canada green.

He has had a great interest in gardening and in parks.

An inscription on a plaque unveiled at the St. Williams, Ontario Forest Station in Norfolk County, September 24th , 1957, gives a glimpse of Dr. Zavitz' contribution to Canadian Forestry. " First Forestry Station 1908 Here, on 100 acres of wi nderoded sandy land, the Ontario Government established Canada 's first provincial forestry station . The father of reforestration in Ontario, Edmund John Zavitz was born July 9th , 1875, graduated from McMaster, Yale, and the University of Michigan , and taught forestry at the Ontario Agriculture College. He entered the province 's public service 1905, was Deputy Minister of Department of Lands and Forests 1925-34 and served thereafter as Chief Forester until his retirement 1953. Through his leadership, large areas of waste land have been restored to productivity."

Alfred Harding Tomlinson Professor A. H. Tom linson was for many years associate p rofessor of horticulture in charge of ornamental horticulture in the department of horticulture at the Ontario Agricu ltural Col lege.

This was at a time in develo pment before speciali zati on became an acute necessity and when a horticulturist was expected to be knowledgeable in all aspects of a rather broad field. Not only was his field of instruction wide but the extension responsibilities demanded of him covered an area that today commands the services of several specialists . " Prof Tommy " as he was affectionatefy known won the esteem of all those whom he taught or with whom he associated . He was the soul of courtesy .

Born in Plymouth , England , in 1880, the son of a nurseryman ,

Percy H. Wright Percy H. Wright (M .A.), noted nu rseryman , hybridizer and reporter, retired on January 1st, 1967 as garden columnist for the Sas katoon , Saskatchewan Star- Phoen ix. On March 6th , howeve r, he took up a new ca reer as teac her of Grade eig ht stu de nts in a local tech nical collegiate .

Partic ul arly noted for his very hardy introductions, Percy Wrigh t is parti c ul arly proud of his 'Hazeldea n' Ros e. An offspring of Persi an Yellow , this latest ac hieve ment is perfectly hardy to - 60 °, and immune to Black Spot disease. Frag ra nt and bloomi ng a week ear lie r than one parent, it seems to escape the atte ntion of th e rose curculio. Th e rose also has promisi ng desce ndants. Hazeldean crossed wi th Hansa

Dr. Zavitz, now 92, is the author of " Hardwood Trees of Ontario " and " Fifty Years of Refo restation in Ontario " . He received th e LL .D. deg re e from McMaster Uni ve rs ity in 1952, and from the Un iversi ty of To ronto in 1957.

33

TIle We t Coa t Nur ery Indu try 11 enry Eddie et aZ*

. ./

"

Above: Vancouver's second motorized truck was owned by Royal Nurseries Limited.

Picture 1912

I n the early 1900's, most of the growing in B.C. was done by a very few fairly large nurseries .

These firms mostly sold their stock by catalogue or by salesman.

One of the oldest is Layritz Nurseries Ltd ., of Victoria. This fine old firm has an enviable background having been started in 1890 by Richard Layritz. He was an expert plantsman with a keen interest in the finer trees and shrubs.

Victoria is indebted to him for it was from his nursery that many of the area 's finest trees came.

About 1905-1910 Vancouver 's largest nursery, the Royal Nurseries which was carved out of forest land, was producing large quantities of ornamental trees and shrubs which were being used in landscaping large homes being built at the time, mainly in Shaughnessy and the west end of Vancouver.

Old Country Trained Many of the men who worked at the Royal Nurseries around

1910-1912 were old countrytrained horticulturists . After the boom period was over, this nursery went into liquidation. Some of these men including the Ritchings Brothers, John Livingstone, H. M. Eddie, John Booth, Mr. Best, Mr. Dean, and Jack Knapman , went on and were largely responsible for rapid development in the business.

The Ritchings , Albert and Charles, developed a fine florist business - Strathcona Floral which is now operated by their sons.

John Livingstone operated a greenhouse and nursery for many years in the east Vancouver area.

His two sons , James and Willi am are now prominent members of the Vancouver Parks Board staff.

H. M. Eddie had a "go" at fruit farming in 1913 at Haney but came back to the nursery business later. Jack Knapman developed a good florist business at Kerrisdale which was later carried on by his son Francis.

Mr. Best and J. H. Dean started 34

growing roses and other plants at Langley. John Booth went into landscape work and for many years was in charge of this department with the city of New Westminster.

Thornless About 1916 the Oregon Nursery Company started the B.C . Nurseries Limited as a subsidiary with H. M. Eddie as production manager in the Sardis area.

About 10 years later Mr. Eddie left this firm to start his own nursery specializing in roses . He developed thornless multiflora rootstock , and hybridized many new varieties of roses .

Tom Ritchie and James Brand operated a retail seed business on Vancouver's Granville Street for many years starting about 1915. Later they disbanded to form separate businesses .

While this expansion was taking place at Vancouver and at Sardis , businesses were developing in other areas at Langley Mr. Petty of Rosecroft Nursenes grew roses for many years.

In the Interior of the prov ince Mr. Atwood of Grand Forks made a start in the growin g of fru its around 1912 and continued for many years thereafte r.

His trees were large ly sol d in the Okanagan and Creston districts.

Stewart Brothers Nursery started at Kelowna in 1911. William unfortunately, was ki lled in th e First World War, so the bus iness was carried on by Ric ha rd who is still active al ong wit h his son William . The Gtewa rts al so concentrated on fruit t rees for th e great Okanaga n fruit industry but in recent ye ar s have branched into o rna mental trees and shrubs as well.

Another firm in the Ok anagan is Kelowna Nurseries, managed by genial To m Tomiye . Tom started about 1922 and grows main ly fruit trees with some ornamental stock.

In Vern on , the Co ldstream Ranch grew large num be rs of fruit trees around 1906 , while in the Nelson area two of the oldest firms are Coventry 's Flower Sh op and Gri zzelles' Florists.

These two firms sell nursery stock al on g w ith thei r cut flowers , potted plants, etc. In Penticton , Monty' s Flowers and Street's Seeds have been in operati on fo r many yea rs, each handling nurse ry lines in addition to their flo ri st stock.

Victoria ' s J . Croft Bennett specialized in al pines. His business started abou t 1920 and continued through the 1930's.

Unfortunately, upon re tirement the nursery was discontinued .

E. H. Lohbru nner, of Lakev iew Gardens, in Vi ctoria , also specialized in alpines, con ifers, etc .

He is an auth ority on alpine plants of the Paci fic No rthwest, and he ships plants to the United States and elsew here.

At Alberni , H. P. A llberry has operated a nursery under th e name of Comox Valley Nursery, growing fruits , orname nta ls and flowering shrubs. It started in the 1920's, I believe.

In Victoria , one of the most modern of garden shop operations ·is the Cedar Hill Nurseries.

Also , Flora Vista Gardens owned

by William Goddard , specia lizing in the propagation of evergreens and broadleafs, by the most up-to-date methods.

In the Saan ich area, P. C. Spek, a b rother of the well-known J. Spek of Boskoop, Holland , grew roses, fru its and orname ntals starti ng about 1935.

Prior to and during the Second Wo rld Wa r, B.C. was growing ra pidly w ith many people moving to the warmer climate of the area. Th is in t urn gave impetus to the nursery industry.

The Sardis Nurseries started along about 1936.

This firm grew fruit trees, evergreens, roses , ornamental trees and shrubs but it has since been discontinued .

A bout the same time, Reimer 's Nurse ry of Yarrow started in similar lines and has expanded rapidly until the present time .

A lot of thei r trees are exported to the U.S.A. as well as to other nurseries in B.C., the Prairies , and Ontario.

More recently in the Chilliwack area, Can nor Nurseries, Mr. Mathies, has become established growing fruits, ornamental trees, etc. Also , Fraser Valley Nurseries managed by Henry Krahn, grows roses, fruits , ornamental trees and is largely wholesale.

Garden Shops On the north shore, there are a number of garden shops; Turner's Nurseries being one of the largest and also Capilano Nurseries operated by C. Whyte.

On Lulu Island, Lang 's Nurseries started about 1929. Arthur Lang is still active in the business along with his three sons , Roy, Ken and Jim . They grow fruit trees , ornamentals , roses and perennials. Much of their stock is sold to landscapers but they also have a modern garden sto re c atering to the local trade.

In Surrey there is the C. D. Morris Nursery . Mr. Morris came from Ontario and started growing in the early 1950's. Also in th is area, there is the John Traas nu rse ry. Mr. Traas came from Ho lla nd and is an expert nurseryman growing fru it understo c ks , orn amental trees and fruits .

Les Cl ay and Son also i n the Lang ley area, grow trees and shrubs w hic h are mai nly used in the ir la ndscap ing bus iness.

In the Pitt Mead ow area, th e Netherlands (Overseas) Nurseries is growing in large num35

bers, evergreens, ornamental trees and shrubs. These are all sold wholesale.

In the same area is the Lloyd Sm ith Nurseries growing a good selection of ornamental stock with a proportion of it in cans.

Vancouver Area In the Vancouver Area many Nurseries were started in the 1920's and 1930's. Haberlin Nurseries specialized as a fine landscape nursery. Hyland-Barnes Nursery specialized in broadleaved evergreens. Murray's Nurseries specialized in Chrysanthemums.

Since the war many new names have been added to the list.

Lloyd Smith opened the first Garden Shop in Vancouver on West 4th Avenue.

This was amalgamated with the Kingsway Garden Shop in 1960 and now operates as David Hunter Garden Shops Limited with an integrated landscape and garden maintenance service.

Corbett's Nurseries and Massot Nurseries are two more recent growers specializing in container grown stock.

In the last 20 years many prominent landscape contractors have started. Henry Bosshardt, Raou I Robillard and Jack Dent symbolized the dedication of applying the art of plant use in landscaping.

Today landscapers like Holland Landscapers (John Philippo) Jensen and Johnsen (Kris Johnsen), Bert Murray, and Timm Brothers are transforming major construction into p I aces of beauty.

This brief history of the nursery industry of B.C. is not complete as there are many unnamed who have contributed to the growth .

Their endeavors have helped a small industry grow up , and today the nursery trades can look forward to many more years of prosperous growth .

* From information supplied by lI enry Ed die and Berl IHurra y . com· piled by Da vid Hun/ er.

Atlantic Province Nur erie R . . Morton

The ornamental plant requirements for the Atlantic Region 's 2,000,000 people have become better known in the past few years. Better means of mass media communication and better examples of landscape contracting have combined to show the way in centennial, new building and industrial projects.

The area is more plant conscious than ever before.

Large centers, Halifax, Dartmouth and Sydney are developing rapidly in a landsca pe sen se.

The ch ief sources of orn amen tal plant material have been Europe and Ontario. These mate ri als have been retailed to the consumer by local nurseri es, garden centers , various sm all outlets, chain stores and through mail orders.

Nova Scotia has three nurseries doing some propagating ; six nurseries holding acclimatized stock and approximately thirtyfive retail outlets for various kinds for ornamentals.

The provinces of the Atlantic Region naturally vary somewhat in their approach to the nursery industry.

Newfoundland is a potential market with little local nursery activity. New Brunswick has a large potential market and few nursery outlets. Prince Edward Island has been relatively beautification conscious with the Bunbury Nursery in Charlottetown, currently meeting the demand.

As an example of improvemen t two years ago our nurserymen hardly knew one another w ith little co-operation. With the establishment of a Nova Scotia Nursery Trades Association in the fall of 1965 'strides ' ahead have been made. A better understanding exists among the nursery growers, landscape contractors and plant handlers in the province. A greater awareness of our problems now exists and various efforts in co-operation have been made to try to help our industry's progress.

Nova Scotia is really in the driver ' s seat with a more developed awareness in ornamentals and a larger potential market than her sister provinces.

Nova Scotia already has well established nurseries.

Problems

Ample Opportunity

Problems are somewhat sim ilar to other areas :

Climatic conditions in Nova Scotia vary from hardiness zone 4b to 7a giving ample opportunity for the production of many different plants. Land, water and peat resources are readily available.

• lack of trained labour - seri ous problem hold ing back development of industry year round employment is difficult.

Minimum wage has 36

created adjustment problems.

The development of a techni cal training program at the Nova Scotia Agricultural College will certainly help the trained labour situation in the future.

• lack of set of standards there has been a movement of inferior quality stock into the retail trade causing some consumer resistance to sales.

• a source of supply of material.

The import restriction from Euro pe has caused a heavy blow to Nova Scotia potential sales. Prices have doubled and a very limited variety of stock is being offered for sale.

Th ere is a real shortage of top qu ality bluegrass sod and large caliber trees.

Th e real bright spots in the industry are sod growing possi bilities and the landscape cont rac ting busi ness. The nurserymen of Nova Scotia are curren tly making a real effort to sell themselves to the area by publici ty an d by trying to grow their own stock. They are proving that landscape contracts of any size can be handled here locally.

Th e future holds much promise for the nurserymen of Nova Scotia if they use imagination and are enterprising. The consu mer awareness is here and is increasing each year. Co-operation am ong nurserymen and locall y pro duced material will pave th e way for a profitable indu stry in Nova Scotia.

Ornamental Research of the Future R. ]. Hilton

" For I dipt into the future, far as human eye could see, Saw the vision of the world, and all the wonders that would be .. .. " Lockesley Hall- TENNYSON

Few people can claim visionary kinship with the great poet, who, more than one hundred years ago, " saw heavens fill with commerce, argosies of magic sails; pilots of the purple twilight, dropping down with costly bales."

But perhaps by limiting our prophesying to things relating to ornamental plants, we may be spared some of the almostfrightening fancy flights into our computerized future. Research must have some reference terms and direction if it is to be effective.

What, then will be our opportunties for using ornamental plants in the years to come? The neoMalthusians talk of "standing room only " and perhaps pessimistically, preach of a globe wherein anarchy, pestilence and famine will be the lot of mankind unless our rate of increase can be contained.

Surely the time has come to take a more optimistic view, and to assume that informed people will find ways and means for all races and creeds to live peacefully and in health, and in numbers consistent with the basic resource of our earth!

Among our many heritages, the grace and form and Cheering colours of our ornamental plants certainly must be accorded a high place of honour. True, the high-rise living spaces of the future will inevitably reduce emphasis on personal gardens of significance.

This will have two important results : First, there will be greater need for cut flowers and pot plants and for " indooroutdoor " built-in garden features in our buildings of the future ; and ·second, the retention of open spaces for parks and recreation will be incomparably more important than is now the case.

There can be little doubt that our

medical and social advisers of the next generations will agree on the tremendous stimulus to normalcy that is offered by the use of plants in our aesthetic su rroundi ngs.

Apartment-High Gardens In what direction , then, is ornamental plant research likely to lead? Specifically related to the reduced size of home gardens, and to the fact that many of these may be up to seventy-five to one hundred stories above the earth surface, there will be greater use of ground covers other than grass. For the same reasons, there will be a vast demand for attractive floweri ng and foliage plants, (not excluding woody plants by any means), that will withstand relatively non - hum i d artificial climates that vary little in day-to-night and season-to-season temperatures.

The place for plants in park areas, apart from those maintained as purely natural wild spaces, will involve recognition of two constraints. One of these will be the greatly increasing need for plants tolerant to ai r pollutants, for this ugly companion of progress will become much worse and more widespread in the future. The other is the need for communication , or people-movement, that will be multiplied many times in comparison with the use now made of our parks and nature preserves.

Both these factors will alter the character of outdoor areas of passive recreation, as we now know them; the fi rst by enforcing changes in the species of plants used, the second by creating the need for wide, highmaintenance promenades and ancillary service features such as rest rooms, benches, shelters, and so on.

Environmental Needs I have interpreted " Ornamental Research " in its broadest terms.

Thus, the use of plants in en37

vironmental design, and the role of plants for sociological signi~i­ cance, again as components In design, should be equally as important as the biology related to improvement through plant breeding and advances in cultural management. So we might divide the research of the future into that created by the design needs of the new living patterns of our vas t coagulations of Concluded on Page 39

Daphne burkwoodii 'Somerset' outstanding example of research in plant hybridization.

Researchers must continue to look for special use woody plants, exemplified here in the placement of Populus alba 'Pyramidalis'.

Fifty Year of ocio-Economic Cllange Leslie [I ancock The ti me was early spri ng 1914.

An English lad after years of work on " Old Country " nurseries had managed to save up enough to emigrate. It was a toss-up between Canada and Au stralia.

Then it was learned that the Fonth ill Nurseries needed men for the spring work and were offering $1.75 a day.

This decided matters, as the pay would be just about twice the English wages at the time .

A rough eight-day voyage landed the writer at Halifax and finally at Fonthill , Ontario , after two days and nights on the large " colonial " railroad coaches . The country was still in the grip of a record cold winter. All peach blossom buds had been destroyed, and there was still to be three weeks of waiting before work would start.

Finally, with dinner pail in hand , we were trudging down the newly thawed out dirt roads .

Horses and drivers would pass , dragging thin wheeled buggies or farm carts through deep pot holes of mud. The big nursery storage sheds were full of " old hands" and some newcomers li ke myself, busy as graders, ru nners and packers.

My job as a " runner" was to take an addressed shipping label, on the back of which would be written out all the items of the order. If you did not know where an item could be picked up, inside or heeledin outdoors, you asked your foreman and collected up the whole order.

Every now and then the voice of big Stewart Davidson wo u I d boom through the buildings, calling for " Hart", one of the foremen.

During lunch hour the old hands would stake out an area in the sandy road and play " pitch horse shoes ". The huge nursery was almost entirely engaged in fruit tree and small fruit production , with a smattering of hybrid perpetual roses and the commonest floweri ng sh ru bs.

Pay $1.50 Per Day Only a few weeks after work started, we were informed that the daily pay would be dropped

to $1.50. A night visit to the home of the boss to complain brought the retort " If you don't like it, you know what you can do." There was not much a lad strange to the country could do , except to muse on the great difference between the brusque " take it or leave it" methods of Canadian bosses and the slow shilling a week raises of the Engli sh employers.

Fortunately, however, by August the lad found himself on a nursery in New York State budding peaches and apples for the magnificent sum of $1.75 a day and bo ard. Without this break, L.H. would have bee n without a Canadian education.

Enrols at O.A.C. On return to Fonthill with a total of nearly $10 0 saved , there was no work to be had so it was a case of either further education or bread lines. The kindly re g i s t r a r " Cap " Gandier at O.A.C. overlooked my lack of credits and let me enrol and try.

To father 's written enquiry, had I bought a Canad ian hat, my reply was that I had decided in favour of a Canadian education.

But the First World War was on and what student could collect plant specimens and butterflies under these circumstan ces? So let's pass over quickly enlistment, camp at Niagara-on-theLake, M 0 n t rea I, Shorncl iffe, England and finally France in August 1915. Let us continue further and say that as my number was not on a bullet, in the early spring of 1919, snow on the ground as before, we were back in Ottawa with the regiment.

The next experience was with the E. D. Smith & Son Nurseries at Vineland . Pay was now three dollars a day for me. This nursery was then pioneering in quite heavy shade tree production and in roses, but the big business was shipping eleven and six-quart baskets of fresh fruit direct by rail all over Ontario , Quebec and even the Maritimes. There was also the jam factory . In August the shipper in the jam factory became sick and for a few weeks I was pinch-

38

hitting as shipper at an increased rate of pay.

Again the mental struggle was on, immediate advancement versus continued education .

In spite of pressure the decision was in favor of the latter.

Money Problem In those days a student's problem was how to make enough money in the summer to pay the winter bills and keep solvent. A stint on Vancouver Island in 1920 as a field supervisor for the Soldier Settlement Board at $125 per month during the summer netted little more than experience.

Between the third and fourth years pruning apple trees at $6 per day plus board paid off better. The day after writing the last exam in the spring of 1922 saw your scribe on the way to a job with the United States Department of Agricu lture in its " Nursery S to c k Investigations Project". Not being a United States citizen, pay for a Canadian was $90 per month , this amount being top labour rate .

This opportunity had been arranged for me while waiting for a delayed teaching appointment in Nanking University, China (a missionary institution). To get on with the Canadian story, one must pass over the next five years except to mention that in Nanking I met and married Dorothy Macklin, daughter of Dr. W. E. Macklin , a Canadian medical missionary in that city .

With the advance of the Chinese Nationalist (Kuo Ming Tang) army under Chiang Kai Shek, we we re forced to evacuate the country in March 1927. After a short stay in England, we returned with our young family to Canada in September, 1927.

The "great depression" had not arrived but times were getting tougher, and there were not to be any additions to college educational staffs. Landscape construction and contracting, however, was a new and growing business requiring foremen who could handle a work gang and execute architects' drawings.

Under the aegis of the late A. E. Brown of Sheridan Nurseries Limited I gained my first experience in Canadian landscaping .

landscaping There comes a t i m e in every career w hen on e must deci de finally how best to ac hieve a c reative and useful life. By 1929-30 the writer was in c harge of the landscaping operati ons of Brookdale Nurseries (fo rerunner of the present Brookdal e- Kingsway Limited) at a salary going from $1 ,800 to $2,000. The late Fall of 1929 saw the great stock market crash. My boss g rave ly informed me th at milli ons of dolla rs had been lost overn ight.

The story, however, of the dark and hung ry thirt ies is too well known and deplored to be reiterated. By that time when I was attempting to establish a business in the Po rt Cred itCooksville area, men wo u I d come to me and plead for someth ing to do at $1 .50 per day back to where the writer started f rom in 1914. Slowly, and tragically only by war, bus iness got rolling again , and throughout the period of the Second World

War, in relation to Europe, Canada slowly changed from being a debtor to a creditor nation.

Since the close of that war, with a few m i nor recessions the movement of the Canadian economy and the well being of the Canadian p e 0 pie has been steadily upward . We would not and could not wish it otherwise, but the time has come when we must look to the expansion of our well being to other less fortunate peoples of the world .

Ornamental Research of the Future concluded suburbs , an d that involving the biological manipulati on to keep abreast of the environm ental needs.

The desig n nee ds phase of future fact-findi ng is tie d inevitably to w hat is in store in numbers of peo ple, and how they are to be acc ommod ate d. Based on the prophec ies of demographers , the si x bil lions of us who populate this earth by 2000 A.D. will be livin g on a land that is extensively sterilized for housing, fact ories and elaborate communicati on links.

In spite of th is, the rem aining productive areas, incl ud ing the oceans, w ill be req uired to provide much more than tw ice the present fo od su pply. The only alterna tive is for huge pockets of be low - su bs istence nutrient food levels of popul ation to exist, and this is exactly what horticulturists hope to era dicate.

Micro Gardens In view of th e foregoing , the landscape desig n study programmes wi ll be ap pl ied : (1) to non-foo d-pro ducti ve land areas, where new urban ce ntres will be located , and where skill

and art is exercised in placing pockets of soil and plants among rocky outcrops, and ravines.

(2) to " micro-gardens " such as family living-room growth chambers, minuscule balcony and roof-top patios, and terraria.

All these will be featured in the botanic gardens and arboreta of tomorrow , wh ich will have a greatly increased importance as communication links with the public.

The application of plant science principles to research on ornamental plants will assume greater proportions than is now the case.

This is so not so much because we need more beautiful roses, more colorful carnations , more adaptable chrysanthemums, although all these are reasonable research objectives. Rather, it is because of the air pollution mentioned earlier, and also the need for plants adapted to the artificiality of light and temperature and space limitations that we can all too easily see as inevitable.

Social Heritage I hope research leaders in industry and publ ic service , will act in

39

concert with those who must be responsible for how our environment fits our individual and community needs in the next century of Canada's nationhood.

Plants for eye and heart appeal are far too much a part of our social heritage to be cast aside solely because they have no " food " value. It was psychologist Schopenauer who said: " Every man takes the limits of his own field of vision for the limits of the world. " In ornamental horticulture, let us then set our field of vision wide indeed and in this way be best prepared to play a thinking role in the portentous decisions of ou r futu re. '" have multiplied visions . .. and used similitudes. " Hosea XII, 10

Le/t , will/uture la nd cape hort iculturists have even this much room to apply their design skills, or will high.rise dwellings eliminate the home garden as we k now it ?

T he /ulure will see great ex pan sion in chemical control 0/ plan t growth.

No tf' eff ect 0/ stimulants Oil Zinnia .

Future Pro peet of Our Indll try John Bradshaw There is no doubt whatsoever that the Canadian nursery industry will u n d erg 0 radical changes in the next few years.

Unless we are particula rly careful , the small hobby nurseryman will disappear. This is someone we cannot afford to lose, unless we are reconciled to seeing the list of nursery stock limited to Privet, Barberry and Spirea. The mass merchandiser is only interested in volume and this means that rare and unusual plants will be dropped. I think the decline of the small nurseryman is due to the fact he does not rea I i z e he is selling a specialty. He must sell as a specialty and demand a premium price. If he tries to charge for a rare species at the same rate as department stores do for volume stock, he will go broke in short order.

The big nursery catering to the mass merchandising market cannot afford to see the specialist go by the boards . Not only is the latter a source of novelties for promotion, but he keeps alive interest in gardening as a hobby.

One hobby gardener in a block can inspire a dozen other home owners to garden, and thus the mass merchandiser is helped .

Canning Canned nursery stock is certain to increase. It not only solves the problem of storage but means a better product for the consumer. New long-payout fertilizers will eliminate the problem of maintaining soil fertility. For instance, the Sierra Chemical Company of California has a plant tablet which when placed in a gallon can or tarpaper pot will feed a tree or shrub for two years. Of course, the biggest advantage of canned stock to the nursery or garden centre is that it extends, what was once a one-month selling season, to one that extends as long as the ground is workable.

There are several problems with the container method yet to be solved. One of the biggest is

wintering-over u n sol d stock.

I nvestigation needs to be done with low-cost growing structures which can maintain above-freezing temperatures so stock will be in active growth in spring .

A most difficult problem is how to can-plant a 15-20 foot tree.

As the marketing of nursery products through m ass merchandisers increases, self-service is bound to increase. This is being aided and abetted by container manufacturers who are constantly striving to find new ways to reduce the cost of handling plants through such outlets.

One important way the smaller nurseryman can increase his sales is by encouraging customers to roam through his stock and make selections. This is the basis of success for many bedding plant dealers . Let the customer think he is under no pressure and he enjoys looking over the stock, usually buying something he did not intend .

At Eye Level A good layout is essential to further this concept. One sure way to double sales, is bring the plants closer to eye level. The old custom of displaying flats or coldframes on the ground reduces sales in two ways.

It makes it harder for the customer to lean over and pick up the container and it makes the flowers or plants look smaller and duller because they are further away from the customer's eye.

Containers on a table will need more watering , but will sell faster, thus reducing losses.

Common Names The development of universal common names is perhaps the trickiest question to be solved.

I once checked the common names for Sedum acre and found that it was called by 39 different common names, many of which were also applied to other quite different s p e c i e s. Creepi ng Charlie is one of these names yet if a customer were to ask for it by that name, he might be sold 40

Glecoma hederacea or Lysim achia nummularia. Up till now , at t e m p t s by committees to standardize c 0 m m 0 n names have wound up in more confu sion than before.

The use of botanical n a m e s will remain a must ; as much of a nuisance as this may be. Here we have another important reason for the nursery industry to institute a good publicity and educational program.

New Ideas Use of pre-emergence wee d killers in every part of the garden, and of systemic fungicides and insecticides on all crops as labour reducing aids will no doubt become common practice.

Substitution of the grass median strip on super highways with "sh ock absorber" woody plants , and use of better grass varieties in landscaping are two diverse ideas, the trends to which may be seen now. New NK-100 true perennial Ryegrass, hardy to 30 degrees below zero, and Fylking Kentucky Bluegrass, capable of extremely close mowing, are examples soon to be introduced.

T h r 0 u g h coordination of all growth factors, a saleable plant should be produced in half the present time. Using our present knowledge of CO 2 , red and far red light effects, temperature control, nutrition, manipulation of hormone and enzyme systems, etc. , plus discoveries yet to be made, our scientists will likely make this possible very soon.

United States Department of Agriculture has cut the t i m e needed to produce a flowering Petunia to 35 days.

A better understanding of hardiness and dormancy may enable us to grow many species not consi dered hardy at present, for example if the true dormancy period of the Trifoliate Orange were extended by only two weeks, we could grow this outstanding hedge now hardy only as far north as Washington, D.C .

The future of the nursery industry is as ex c i tin g as our imagination.

Future of Hardy Plants for Canada Frank L. Skinner Though the world has "shrunk " during the past fifty years , there are still large areas where the climate is such that some of the " flora " is likely to be sufficiently hardy to be of value to plant workers on the Canadian prairies . Much of the existing flora has been brought into cultivation from the warmer points of its range.

For instance, on this continent alone we find plants from Colorado that are hardier than some species from Alberta.

In British Columbia we find valleys with a dry cold climate, while a few miles away we are likely to find cool moist conditions where the woody plants are much too tender to thrive under the dry cold conditions found on the prai ries.

The same conditions apply to many parts of the world . No woody plants which have so far been introduced fro m South America have been hardy as far north as Boston . Yet Harold Comber, who collected there about thirty years ago , told me that conditions are very similar to those in our Rocky Mountains . One valley may have very moist but only moderately cold conditions w h i I e nearby very much colder and dryer conditions will prevail.

Then take New Zealand , most people would laugh if you were to suggest going there to collect hardy plant material , yet I have plants of Hebe that have lived

west there are likely to be many good things yet to be introduced.

through two winters without injury (the Hebes are evergreen shrubs and some of the dwarf forms grow at high elevations on the South Island). A correspondent there tells me there is a high , dry and cold plateau where native trees will not grow. He asked me to send some of our native tree seeds for trial.

Hardiness Going on a littl e further we come to Japan. The north island of that country has a very varied flora. It was from Sapparo near the centre of this island that Pro fessor Sargent collected and introduced the Japanese Tree Lil ac, a shrub that has proved hardy right across Canada . Yet little attention has been paid to the rich " flora " of this island by coll ectors , since it was much easier to sec u re the same species from the main island .

Rece ntly, however, Dr. J 0 h n Creech has done quite a bit of collecti ng on Hokkaido and as a result we now h a v e several species of dwarf evergreen lIex that are very promising as to hardiness.

Crossing over to Korea , E. H. Wilson collected m any good things there from 1917 onwards and one of these was Syringa oblata dilitata. The single white hybrids of this Lilac are recognized as the finest single white Lilacs in the world today. Still in northern Korea and in the Kingan Mountai n region to the

Central Asia The Thianshan , Abu-tau and Altai Mountains of Central Asia all have rich " floras ", few of which have been introduced to the Canad ia n Prairies to date.

Even in Asia Minor, the Balkans and the Carpathian Mountains there are geographical forms of well known plant families that are likely to be of value to the plant breeder, when they become more readily available.

From the Balkans I have already r e c e i v e d Forsythia europeus that has proved hardier than F. ovata and I have been able to raise a few Hybrids between them . From Asia Minor many dwarf forms of Rosa, Prunus, and legumous plants have been reported as well as many spring flowering bulbs and perennial plants . These should be tried as soon as they become available.

Hybridization This brings us to the part that is being played in the introduction of new varieties of cultivated plants by hybridization. Much of my work along these lines is recorded in the book " Horticulture Horizons " and much more is being done both by private individuals and the Experimental Farm personnel.

At the recent Horticulture convention in Winnipeg William Cumming of Morden showed pictures of new double flowered Rosybloom crabapples, which show just what can be accomplished by intelligent hyb~idiza­ tion and persistant selection .

Henry Marshall of Brandon Experimental Farm is also doing quite a bit of original work in plant breeding and selection.

Among the most prominent of the private plant breeders at the present time is Ro bert Simon et of Edmonton, already well known for his work with doub le Petunias . He is working at present with a wide ran g e of hardy plants .

Japan ese Tr ee Lilac flow er cluster

41

Membe r of Rco-ional A~so(·iations and of C.N.T.A.

BRITIS H COLU MBIA Alouelle Tree Farm Limited, Ste . 110 , 1076 West 14th Ave., Vanco uver, B.C. John Philippo & Lloyd Smith Bakerview Gardens, R.R. 3, Aldergrove, B.C. J. Nachbar Blue Mounta in Flower & Garden Shops , 3507 North Road, Burnaby, B.C. Harry Va n Derg ru te n Cannor Nurseries, 48291 Chi ll iwack Cent ra l Road, R.R. l, Chill iwack, B.C. John Mat hies Cedar Hill Nurseries & Garden Shop , 1551 Cedar Hill Cross- Roads, Victoria, B.C. J . E. Wallner John F. Clark Landscaping , 9287 Gove rnm ent Road, Burn aby, B.C. Les Clay & Son Limited , 3666 24t h Street, Langley, B.C. Corbell' s Nurseries, 470 No. 5 Road , Ri chm ond , B.C. Bob Co rbe ll Tom G. Dinesen Landscaping , 9468 162 A St reet , North Surrey, B.C. To m G. Dinesen H. M. Eddie & Sons Limited , 4100 S.W. Marine Drive, Vanco uve r, B.C. Henry Edd ie Evergreen Nursery, A.R . 2, Old Vern on Road, Ke lown a, B.C. Rob!. Be rry

Holland Landscapers Limited , 963 Eas t 12t h Avenue , Van co uver, B C. John Philippo

Murray & Wood Growers Limited , 7376 Blenhelm Street, Vancouver, BC Everell Murray

Waiter Van Vloten Nurseries , 12292 5th Avenu e, Haney , BC Waiter Van Vloten

Holla nd ia Nursery, 4649 Wes t Saanic h Road, Vi ctoria , B.C. John Tol

Netherlands Farms & Nurseries Limited , Box 103, Pill Meadows, B.C. K S. Holm an

Wil cox Nurseries,

Holm's Gardens, 8697 Granville St reet, Vanco uve r, B.C. Bill Holms Horticultural Sales Reg' d., 3190 Martind ale Road , A.R . 5, Vi cto ria, B.C. P. C. Spek David Hunter Ga rd en Shops Lim ited , 3030 Kingsway , Vancouver 16, B.C. Jamieson 's Nurse ries, 4240 She lbourne Street, Vi cto ria, B.C. M. Jamieson Jensen & Johnsen Landscape Contracto rs Lim ited , 2356 Grandview Hig hway, Van co uver, B.C. Kris John se n Kato 's Nursery, 29435 Downes Road, R.R. 2, Aldergro ve, B.C. George Kato Kean 's Nursery and Landscaping Limited , Penticton Plaza, Penti cton , B.C. Denni s Kean

North Shore Gardening, 11 30 Cortell Street , North Van co uver, B.C. Max Juri Oak ridge Landscaping & Gardens , 692 1 Laurel St , Vanco uver, B.C. G. Pury E. T. Ollens Landscaping, 13176 - 72nd Ave nue , Nort h Surrey, B C. Pari don Bulb Co ., 621 Blue Mountai n Road, New Westmin ster, B.C. K. Van Paridon Reed 's Nursery, 1688 West min ster Highw ay, A.R . 2, Ri c hmond , B.C. Gilbert Reed Reimers ' Nurseries, 4586 Dyke Road , Yarrow, B.C. Ni c k Reimer Richb ar Nurseries, R.A. 1, Qu es nel, B.C. P. Jose phy Raou l Robillard Limited , 1019 Ridg ewood Crescent , North Van co uver, B.C.

Kurt's Landscaping Co . Limited 11 00 Lo nsda le, North Van couver, B.C.

Lloyd Smith Nurseries Limited , 12993 Har ri s Road, Pill Meadows, B.C.

Kutny 's Landscaping , 232 No. 4 Road , Richmo nd , B.C. Don Kutny

A lfred Schneider Landscaping Ltd ., 43 East 45th Ave nu e, Van co uver, B.C.

Lang 's Nurseries Lim ited , 614 No. 3 Road , Richmond, B.C. A. Lang

So uthgate Garden Shop , 45850 Yale Road West, Chilliwack, BC. Fred Boehm e

Fraser Valley Nursery, 424 17 Ya le Road West , R.R. l, Sa rd is, B.C. H. Krahn

Chris Long , R.R. 3, Sal mon Arm , B.C.

South lands Nursery Gardens, 6550 Balac lava, Vancouver 13, B.C .

Keith Dewa r

Greenland Landscaping Company, 2070 East 20th, Va nco uver, B.C. A . Mag nowsk i

Massot Nurseries, 1606 Westmin ste r Highw ay, Ri c hmond , B.C. John Masso t

Timm Brothers Landscaping , 1461 Terrace Ave nu e, Nort h Vancouver, B.C. Pete r Timm

Green Thumb Nursery & Landscape Company, Wellingto n, B.C. G. Gerke

Monashee Nurseries, R.R 1, Summ erl and , B.C. Barry Wil so n

Haberlin Nurseries Limited, 8387 Se lkirk Street, Vancouver, B.C. E. Haberlin

Bert Murray Landsca ping Lim ited, 6058 Crown St reet, Van co uver, B.C Bert Murray

Highway Nurseries, 7429 Lougheed Highway, Burnaby , B.C. John Glasberge n

Murray Nurse ries Li mited, 2893 West 41 st Avenue , Van co uver, B.C. John Murray

42

Tsolum Nursery, A.R . 2, Courten ay, B.C. Wally Booker Traas Nursery Limited , 24 120 58th Avenue , RA. 7, Lang ley, BC .

John Traas Valley View Nursery, 3140 Campion Road , RA. 5.

Victoria, B.C .

Rudolph Williams

R R 2.

Ol,ver, BC G F Wil cox ASSOCIATE MEMBER S Buck ersfield's Limited , 250 Termin al Avenu e, Vancouver, BC Capilano Nurseries & Florist, 705 West 3rd Av enue , North Vancouver, B C Warren Whyte Columbia Equipment Limited , 2782 Grandvlew Highway, Vancouver 12, B C N. Fallls Greenleaf Garden Supplies Limited , 4612 Dawson Street , North Burnaby , BC Doy ne Harstone Green Valley Fertilizer & Chemical Co ., Box 249, North Surrey PO , North Sur rey, BC. B Peters Later Chemicals Limited , 330 Lysa nd er Road, Ri c hmond , B.C Mont-Rose Distributors Limited , 85 Abercromble Drive, Ri c hmond , B.C Monty Clend enning Roy A. Nicholson Limited , 6010 - 144th Street, North Surrey, B C. Doug . Jo nes Pacific Lawn Spri nkle r Limited , 405 Industrial Avenue , Vancou ver, B C. Bern ard Well enbri nk Pardee Equipment Limited , 1211 Great North ern Way , Vancouver 12, B C Perma Green Turf Farms Ltd ., Hatz lc, BC. Bob Den nl s Spra-Mac Landscaping Limited , 9 16 Stoc k Exchange Boulevard , 475 Howe Street, Vancouver, B.C. Taylor Pearson & Carson ( B.C.) Ltd ., 110 Venables Street, Vancouver, B.C. Terra Irrigation Limited, 1440 Ingleton, Burnaby, B.C. C J MacKay Western Peat Moss Limited , Box 399 , New Westmi nster, BC Hugh Hunt

ALBERTA Alb erta Nurseries & Seeds Limited , Box 1, Bowden, Alberta Ed Berggen

Honeywood Nursery , Parkslde . Saskatc hewa n A J Porter N. Kabatoff & Sons Landscaping , 139 Avenue Y South, Saskatoon, Saskatchewa n

Banff Trail Nurseries, Box 158.

Alrd"e, Alberta Ted Lord

Lake Shore Nurseries, Sub POll. Saskatoon, Saskatchewan George Krah n

Beaverlodge Nurseries, Box 127, Beaverlodge, Alberta John A Wallace

Michael 's Nursery, Box 58. Sub PO 1, Moose Jaw, Saskatchewa n M. Koshman

Calgary Nursery Planning Service , 64 11 - 33 Avenue NW , Calgary, Alberta Bob Rlchardson

Mountain 's Nursery, Box 522. lIoydmln ste r, Saskatc hew an N. Mou nt ain

City Limits Nursery, 7307 - 82 Street, Edmonton, Albe rta W PhllllPS

Prairie Nurseries L imite d, Box 502, Esteva n, Saskatchewan .

T. A Torg eso n

Clover Bar Nurseries, R R 1, Bremner, Alberta K Roberts Edmonton Nurseries, 9723 - 76 St reet.

Edmonton, Alberta, o Shearer & J Chedzoy Greenscapes Limited , 8008 145 Street, Edmonto n, Alberta .

J F. Macoo nald Haddock 's Landsca pe & Tree Service Limited , PO Box 966, Calgary. Alberta F Haddoc k & So n Haysboro Nursery & Greenhouses, 8944 Elbow o" ve .

Calgary. Alberta.

Kurt Raaz Lacombe Nurseries Limited , Box 1480.

Lacombe, A lberta John Mcoonald Mountain View Nursery, 1007 - 2nd Ave nu e NW , Calgary, Alberta J Ross & So n Seed Centre Limited , 9339 - 118th Avenue.

Edmonton. Alberta H W lge lswo rth Tom's Landscape Service , 10936 11 Oth Street, Ed monto n. Alberta T Lastlwka Zaychuk Berry , Nursery & Vegetable Farm , RR .

Edmonton. Alberta o Zaychuck

SASKATCHEWAN The Dut ch Growers Garden Centre Ltd ..

Suthe rt Jnd Sub PO, SJskatoon Saskotchewan Hnrry VJn ouyvendyk Green Thumb Nurse ry , 30 1 Assmnlbome Ave Cast.

R gm,1. Saskatch w:m oora Enrnshow Hardy Plant Nursery, A"pOrl RO.ld.

North B:lllleford. S.1skatchew:ln Percy G Hunt

MANITO BA

Kackenh o ff Nurse ries, Lot 41, Box 2000.

St Norbert, Manitoba E Kackenhoff

Barron 's Flo we rs , John Emmons Limited , Box 250, Fonthlll , Ontario .

Lach B rothe rs, 1245 College Ave n ue, Winnipeg 4, Ma nitoba H. Lach

Belwood Nu rse ry ,

Mc Ewen Brothe rs, Lot 17, Pipel ine Road, Old Klldonan P.O. Ma n itoba.

M McEwe n

B isg aard 's Nurseries, 29 Morga n Avenue , Th ornhrll, O ntario.

H ans B isgaa rd

Morde n Nurserie s, Box 1270, Morden , Ma ni toba .

H Temmerman

Gu s Blondee l & Sons Nu rseries, Box 3.

Vienna, Ontari o.

Patmo re Nurserie s Lim ite d, Brandon, Manitoba.

R. Pat mo re R. Poole & Son , 1304 - 21 st Street, Brandon , Ma ni toba .

Po rtage Pla ins Nursery, Po rt age la Prairie , Ma nitoba.

A . H You ng

R R 4,

Fergus . Onta rio R. G Ch"sliansen

Bl ue Moun tain Nu rse ri es & O rchards Lim ited, Box 28, Clarksburg, Ontario .

O. J . Hartm:ln godna r Nurseries, R.R 1, Chatham , O ntario .

Willi am Bodn a r Braun 's Landscaping & Nursery Ltd ., 11 71 Upper James Street, Ham ilto n, OntariO .

F. Braun

Aubin Nurseries PO Box 268, Carman, Manitoba.

Lawre nce Aubin

Shel merd ine Nurser ies Ltd ., 3612 Rob lln Boulevard, Winnipeg 20, Manitoba.

Wai ter Shelmerdi ne

Boughe n Nurse rie s, Va ll ey River, M anitoba.

R M Boughen

Ski nner 's Nursery, oropmore , Ma nit oba.

Canadale Nurseries, 269 Sunset Dri ve, S!. Thom as, OntariO .

Wm . lnt ve n

T . & T. Seeds Limited , 120 Lombard Ave n ue, Winnipeg 2. M a ni toba.

P J . Toomey

The Caradoc Nurseries Limited , Caradoc Street, Strat hroy, Ontario .

R J . Heffe rma n

J . Thompson Garden Supply , 1000 Elg in Avenue , Winnipeg 2. Manitoba.

Cen tral Nurseries Limited , R R. 3 .

Well and Vale Ro ad , SI. Cath a rine s, Ontario. o av id J . Hull

Cha pm an Nurseries, 2809 Robl ln Bouleva rd , Winnipeg 20, Manitoba .

W B Chap man Diduck Nurse ries , 720 Taylo r Stree t.

Winn ipeg 9, Manitoba.

T o,du ck Ditchfield Brothers , 428 McGIII ,vray, Fort Garry, Manitoba .

Don o,t c hf,eld Dutchman 's Nu rsery & Garden Centre , 1060 Stu rgeo n Road, Winnipeg 22. Manitoba .

W"" am Turne r Evergreen Nursery , Mor"s. Manitoba C. & F B Steve nso n Ken Fegol Nurseries, Box 5. Group 355, R R 3.

Winnipeg, Manitoba J. Fillion , 981 Elizabet h Road .

St Bonlf ace, Ma ni tob a Gl enorchie Nursery, Box 23. Group 2, R R 1.

Winnipeg, Manitoba Murray Orchard Gree n Thumb Nurseries , Box 8. Group 11 4.

R R 1.

Winnipeg . M:mlloba N Wm c har Hood 's Nurse ry , Box 4. Group 214, R R 2.

Selkirk. M,1 nitoba Andrcw R Hood B. Hu is man Searle Grain Limited , Nurse ry DIVI sio n.

Box 100 .

E,lst Selkirk, Manitoba

Van Dungen 's Nursery , Lo t 137. SI. Mary 's Road , T O O Post O ff ice, Winnipeg , Ma ni toba .

Wallace Nurse ries , Isla nd Pa rk.

Port ag e la Prairie, Manitoba.

S. Bod naruk

Clarke Road Nursery, Land sca ping Garden Centre , R.R. 4, Komoka, Ontario .

K . Vanderheyden

ASSOCIATE MEMBERS

John Connon Nurseries Limited , Box 200 , Waterdown , Ontario .

C. Va nder Kruk Sr.

Gard ene r Sales Limited , 984 Powell Avenue, Winnipeg 21, Ma nitoba.

E. S Love lace

Cookstown Nurseries Limited , 3850 King sto n Road.

Scarbo rough , Ontario .

Les ll e L. Solty Jr.

M cCab e See d s Lim ited , Pllnqu et & o awso n, SI Bonlface. M anit oba.

J C Maltla nd

Coo ksvill e Garden Centre , 335 ounda s Hwy. E., Cooksville, O nta rio.

Chas Bate ma n

O NTARIO

D. & R. Ga rd en Supply Limited , 238 Cross Avenue, Oakv lll e. O nta rio . oonald E. Le aver

Ancaster Ga rd en Cent re, R R 1, Jerseyv llle , Onla"o V Havl lce k Annable Wholesale Nu rsery Limited , R R 1.

Unlon\llle. O n la " o.

H Annable The Arcadia n Nu rseries, 1770 oundas Hwy East , Cooksvrlle, Onta"o Eugene Levay

D avid son Nurse ries, 11 99 Loc kh art Road , Burlmgton. Onta"o C o an lelse n Do min ion Seed Ho use , 115 Guelp h Street, Georgetow n , Ontario H. C. Do wnha m Nu rsery Co. Li mile d, 626 Victoria St re et, Strathroy, Onla"o Dow nie Road Nursery , R R 6.

Guelph. Onta"o E. A. Moore

Ashdale Nursery ,

R R 1.

Milton. Onta"o Ken Ash

Ellesmere Nurseries Limited , J. C. Bakker & Sons Limited , R R 3 St Catharines, O nt a"o

43

R R 1.

Brooklln. Onta"o J Schloen

Endea n Nurse ries limited, 37 C ntre Str el West, R,chmond HIli , Onta"o Robt Endean

Humber Nurseries Lim ited, RR t, Woodb"dg . Onla"o Frans Pelers

Erindale Nurse rie s Lim ited , 4007 Strcetsvllle Road, Streetsvllle , Onta rio lan Lcd lngh am

Huronia Nurse ries,

Evergreenland Nursery & Garden Ce ntre , 206 MaIn Street East, G"msbY,Onta"o Mau" ce Guldemo nd

R R 5,

London , Ontario .

A. J . Hooydo nk Fulsa ng Nu rseries,

R R. 2, 370 So uth Service Road , Oakville, Ontario.

Hen ry Ful sa ng Gauld Nurse ry, 707 SI. Geo rge Ave nu e, Ni aga ra Fall s, Ont ari o .

Rankin Ga uld

Glen Ec ho Nurseries, R.R. 1, Malton, Ontario .

Kl aus T iessen Grobe Nursery Limited , A.R.2 , Bres lau, Ont ario.

Paul Grobe H. Groen Nursery, A.A. 4, Dund as, Onl ario .

Henry Groe n Haavaniit's Spring mount Nurseries & Landscaping , R.R. 5, Owen So un d , Onta rio.

A lex Haava niit Hagenauer's Landscaping & Nursery, 209 Wilso n Stree t, An caster, Ontar io.

A lbert Hage naue r Art Haight Landscaping and Garden Centre , A. A. 5, 925 Dund as Street, Wood stock , Ontari o.

Hakker's Garden Centre , 254 Marg aret Ave nue, Wall aceburg , Ontario .

Ed Hakke r Hardy Plant Nurseries Lim ited , 1421 Lakes ho re Road , C larkson, Ontario .

G. R. Wilson Jerry Hasek Nursery, Bo x 3, Church SI. North , Pic kering , Ontario .

L~k

, Ont arIo

Wyevale , OntarIo MoIton Leonard S. John son & Son Nurse ries Limited , Box 39, Stoney Creek, Ont ario

Nith Heig hts Nurse r ies, RA. 1, Wellesley , OntarIo George Hammer

R R 1,

Elora, Ontario Clarence B Jones George Keith & Sons Limited , 7582 Yonge Street, Thornhlll , Ontario R. H Keith Henk Kobes Nursery, R.R. 1, Bow manville, Ontario .

Kolb ' s Green Th um b Nursery & Garden Centre , R R. 3,

Glen Alton Nursery, 54 5 Ja mes Stree t So uth , Ham Ilton , Ontario.

Haro ld C. Cl ark

RR 2

Robert NIelsen & Son Nurse"es Umited , 2667 Lak sllor HIghway East , Oakvl"e , Ontallo

R R 1,

Jones Gardens, Fa nshawe Nursery,

Nlagara Ho"and Nurseries, NI.lgar,j -on tll(' J B ' rgm an

Kltc hener, Ontario .

Wern er H. Kol b Kon ing Brothers Nurse ries, 6745 KIngston Road , Wes t HIli , Onta ri o.

C. de Ko ning V. Kra us Nurseries Limited, Carli sle, Ontario.

Landscap ing Un li mited, 18 J ames St ree t, El mi ra, Ontari o.

D. Hipel and A. Plein Lappan ' s Landscap ing , 23 1 Lauzo n Road , Ri versi de, Ontari o.

A . Lapp an Lightle's Nursery, P.O. Box 219, Stoney Creek, Ontario.

Stanley C. Lightl e Linwell Nursery, R.R. 2, Mac Nab, St. Cath arines, Ont ario.

M . Abrahammse Little Tree Farm Limited, 460 Spri ng b ank Dri ve, Lo ndon , Ont ari o.

J. E. Shuttl ewo rth Maple Leaf Nurs eries, Th i rd Street Sou th, R.R. 3, SI. Cath arines, Onta rio.

Harry Bakke r Mayfa rm Nurseries, R.R. 6, Ga it, Ontari o.

F. W. May The Mc Co nne ll Nu rsery Co. Ltd ., Po rt Burwe ll , Onta rio.

Spence r Mc Conne ll Hugh McC racken Li mited, R.A. 1, Bra ntford , Onta rio.

Hollandia Gardens Limited , R.R. 1, Lo ndon, Ontario.

John Guld emond

Meadowlands Nursery Limited , R R 3, St reetsville, Ontario.

I. Goddard

Ho llydean Farm Market, 1510 Lakes hore West, Oakv ill e, Ontario .

J ac k Wi lson

Mori Nurseries Li m ited, R R 2, Nl agara -o n-the- Lake, Onta rio Leno Mo ri

44

Carl Pa" ek & Son Nurseries, Box 137, Vorgol, OntarIo Pickering Nurseries Reg 'd., R R 3, Plcke"ng, Onta"o J Sc hrave n Pickett 's Nurse ry, 4234 Dund as St ree t West , Toront o 19, Onta"o Paul P, cke tt Pinehaven Nurse ries Lim ited, 475 Uppe r Middle Road , Cooksv llle, Onta"o.

Kelth Lave r Plum Grove Nurse ries, Hym ers, Ont ario Frank S,tch Redleaf Nurseries Limited, Hornby , Onta"o Denis Gyse l Frank O. Reeves & Son , 2183 IslIngto n Avenue North , Weston , Ontar io.

Remark Orchards & Nursery , Box 1148 , Klng sv lll e, Ontario .

Edward Remark Rexer Forest Nursery, 1152 Re aume Ro ad , La Sa"e, Ontario .

Werner Rexer Richardson Farms, Po ntypool , Ontario .

W. A. Rich ardson Robertson Florist & Nursery, 1077 Fi sher Street , Nort h Bay , Onta rio.

E. Robert so n Roemer's Nursery , R R . 4,

Chatham , Ont ario .

Henry Molema Rose Arbor Nurseries, R R 1, Oakvl"e, Ontario The Rosery Nursery, 73 Quee n Street, Bowman vill e, Ontario.

A. T. Fletc her

Sand rso n Bros. Gr nhou s 5 LImIt d , t ~(j 5 R, v , sId e D"ve Lo nd o n, Ont .HIO R Sa nd erson Sheridan Nurseri s limIted. lOO Sh rw ay D"v [tob, cok ,0ntJ"0 J V Stcnsson Simmons Greenhouses & Gard n Centre , 25 M Ib rt Ro ad , Etobl coke , Onta"o Lloyd S,mmon s V. Sorensen Nurseries, 24 Cud more Road , Oakvl" c, Ont a"o Springbank Greenhouses and Nursery, 201 t Sp"ngbank Road , Port CredIt , Onta"o E L Tyrell Springbrook Farm, 783 Frede"ck Street, Kltchener, Onla"o LoUIS C Janzen Carl Stewart Nursery, R R 1,

Meadowvale, Ontario St rathroy Nurseries Limited, R R 2, Strat hroy, OntarIo F A F,dler Summit Ga rdens, R R 2,

Woodb"dge , Ontario Fred R. Bodker Teres Flo rist & Greenhouses , 275 Era mosa Road, Gue lph , Onta "o ElIzabeth Teres Timm Enterp rises, 1599 Wln ston Churchill Bl vd , Oakvl ll e, Onta " o.

Ernst-Otto Timm H. R. Timmerm an Ltd ., Nursery and Land scapIng, 18 Sun se t Trail, Wes ton , Ontario .

Toronto York Nurseries Limited , 87 Kenn et h Avenue, Toronto 9, On ta"o.

T Cough"n Tower Land sca ping Limited , 327 Llnwell Road, St Catharines, OntarIo L L Ho are Tritoma Nurseries, P O Box 148, Ruth ve n, Ontario QUlnton Slabbe rkoorn Tul ip Gardens, R R 3,

Rowancrolt Gardens, Me adowva le, OntarIo .

M,n erv a S. Cast le

In gerso ll , Ontario J Kraayenb"nk

Royal City Nursery, 305 Wood lawn Wes t, Guelph, Ontario J V Olsen

Un ionville Nurseries Limited , R R 1, No 7 H,gh way, Unlonvllle, Onta "o F Marlow

Rundle Garden Centre Limited , 10 15 King Street Ea st, Oshawa. Ontario W. A Rundle

R R 6,

Van Belle Gardens, Bowmanvllle , Ontario .

H C Van Be"e

Van Dongen' s Landscaping & Nurseries, 1910 Dund as Highway East, Cooksvllle, Ontario.

M. Van Dongen T, Van Elswyk, 1089 Lowerbase Line , R.R 1, Hornby, Ontario , Vaughan Nurseries Limited, 3444 Sheppard East, Agincourt , Ontario .

Vince Vaug han Versluis Landscaping Company, R.R 1, Stevenson Road North , Oshawa, Ontario .

Martin Versluis Weall & Cullen Nurseries Limited, 784 Sheppard Avenue East , Wlllowd ale , Ontario .

Len Cullen

Canadian Industries Limited, Box 10, Montreal , auebec .

G. Blais

Vanhol & Blokker Limited, 1773 Mattawa Avenue , Cooksville, Ontario.

Arie S. Van Ryn

Duke Lawn Equipment Limited, 1184 Plains Road East, Burlington, Ontario .

G. C. Duke

Jack Van Klaveren Co. Limited , P.O. Box 280, Creemore , Ontario .

Jack Van Klaveren

Fairlawn Sod Nursery Limiled , Box 651, Brantford , Ontario .

Bill Campbell

Waterdown Sod Supply, R.R. l , Waterdown, Ontario .

J . Di Cecca

Earl F. Foxton & Sons Limited, 200 - 202 Merton Street, Toronto 7, Ontario.

Frank Walls Sod & Seed Supply Co . limited, 7059 Yonge Street, Will owdale, Ontario .

Hillview Farms Limited , R.R 4, Woodstock, Ontario.

Norman G. Schell Horticultural Products , Box 336, Ri c hmond Hill , Ontario .

C. A. Christensen

Wesleyville Nurseries, R R. 3, Port Hope, Ontario .

Allan M. Clarke

Lord & Burnham Co . Limited, St Catharines , Ontario .

G. Ritchie

Whistle Bar Farms Limited, 345 Lakes hore Road East, SUite 511, Oakvllle, Ontario Rene Fontame

National Garden Supply 01 Canada Limited , 1177 Caledonia Road , Toronto 19, Ontario.

Chas . Keith

White Oak Landscaping, R R 1, Acton, Ontario .

Niagara Brand Chemicals , 1274 Plains Road East, Burlington , Ontario .

D. H. Hale

White Rose Nurseries, No. 7 Highway, Unlonville, Ontario .

Alex Raab

Roy A . Nicholson Limited , 11 24 North Side Road , Progress Park, Burlington , Ontario .

Wilson Laboratories limited, Brock & Hatt Streets , Dundas , Ontario.

M. M. Borbridge Zander Sod Co . limited, 23 Norlh Park Drive, Toronto 15, Onta r io.

Fred Zander

Joseph Kalan Reg 'd., 100 Sta nl ey, Ville SI. Pierre, Montreal, p .a .

Marian Bomok , 2090 Steve ns, SI. Lau rent , p .a.

Lakeshore Nursery Inc., 20 1 Beaurepaire Dri ve, Beaconsfield, p .a .

K. Scheunert

Woodland Nurseries, 2151 Camllla Road, Cooksville, Ontario .

Leslle H ancoc k Wynlield Nursery, R R 3, Georgetow n, Ontario Mrs Rosa lonso n

M. Smilsky Limited , Sm ll sky Sod Farms, R R 4, Cook stown , Ontario

Comptoir Richel ie u Inc., 240 Ramesay , Sorel, p .a J A Paquin

York Nursery Limited ,

So-Green Industries Limited , 25 Les m lll Road, Don Mills, Ontario G R Sa le

Cote SI. Luc Nurseries, 17585 St Mary 's Road , Klrkland, P a Ge ne Lapenna

Superior Bulb Co . Limited , 1155 Blrchvlew Dri ve , Pori Credit, Ontario C B Campbell

E. Dacco rd Ltee , 900 Montee de Liesse, St Laurent , P a .

Braeheid Sod Supply Limited , Box 610, Walerdown, Ontario Wllliam Black Chevron Chemical (Canada) Limited , 1060 Industry Street, Oakvllle, Ontario J A Oakley

Gazonniere Desrochers Sod Farm, Coteau Stat ion , Co . So ul anges, p .a.

Pierre Desrochers

Bianchini limited, 7354 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal West, p .a .

John Bia nc hini

Premier Peat Moss Corporation, 25 We st 45th Street, New York, N Y. 10036, U S.A. Donald S. M ayer

Swift Canadian Company Limited , 1400 Th e aueensway, Toronto 18 , Ontario W J R,chardson

Fontaine Paysagisme Ltee., 1245 Sherbrooke West, Room 1745, Montreal, p .a .

J . Karttunen

Irrigation SI. Thomas, SI. Tho mas, Co Joliette, p .a .

R. Harnois

The Woodhill Nurseries, 320 Stee les Avenue East, Thornhlll, Ontario S J Grimaldi

American Express Co. (Canada) Limited , 34 Kmg Street Wes t, Toronto 1, On tario H W Duke

Fairlawn Sod Nursery limited, Co teau Station, p .a .

Bill Campbell

Abaca Inc., 954 Chaumont, Chambly, p .a .

R J . Con way

Plant Products Co . Limited , 70 Wesley Avenue, Port Credit, Ontario Robert A Craig

ASSOCIATE MEMBERS

Dominion Landscaping Construction limited, 5255 Bessboro ugh , P.O. Box 18, Montreal 28, p .a .

F. Schwartz

Romano Gramegna , Route 17, Hud so n Heights, p .a .

W. J . G. Aalders , 66 Morgan Road , Baie d 'Urlee, p .a .

Glen D. Ogilvie Limited, PO Box 329, Caledonia, Ontario .

Kltchener, O ntario W R Hebel

Dion Ashphalte Inc., 121 SI. Charles , Ste Th EHese, p .a .

W. Dion

QUEBEC

Wind over Nurseries, R R 4, Petrolia, Ontario J H Wmdover

R R 4,

I. J . DeWilde Ltd. , 380 Lessard , Ste . Adele en Bas , p .a .

Canadian Shade Tree Service limited, 77 Montreal-Toronto Boulevard , Lachine , p .a .

John Hackett Tony Caporicci, 4971 KenSington , Montreal , P a .

Laurentian Landscape Limited , 89 Lebeau A venue, SI. Laure nt, p .a .

F. Pauly Gerard Lauzon , 938 SI. Thoma s, Chomedey, p .a .

Nick Cinquino Co . limited, 240 1 Lapierre , Ville La Sa l le, p .a .

Jean Delorme , PO Box 88, Gaspe-Sud, P a Domini= Delvecchio , 4841 Rosedale, Montreal 29, P a

Toronto Organic Supply Limited, 2349 Yonge Street , Toronto 12, Ontario .

J W Aldred

Demaria Freres Enrg., 10092 - 551eme Avenue, R,v,ere des PrairieS, P a

Chris Tranberg & Son, Tree Experts, 731 Second Lin e East, Sault Ste Marie, O nt ario

Desjardins & Fils Enrg ., 1424 95th Avenue, Fabrevllle, V Lava l, P a R Deslardms

45

Georges Lorrain, 26 rue Lafonta ine , SI. Jerome, p .a .

Green Acres Sod Farms & Landscaping Co . limited, 2050 Old Orchard , Montreal 28, p .a .

M . Maione E. Meeks Reg 'd ., 11825 Lavlgne Avenue , Montreal 9, p .a .

C. Meunier Landscape, 2654 S,card Avenue , Montreal 4, p.a .

Modugno Landscaping Supplies Ltd ., 2175 Cote Vertu Road , S!. La urent 9, p .a .

Jos. Modugno Paysagiste Ste. Dorothee Enrg., 399 Prlnclpale Ste Dorothee, V Lava l, P a Come La cro lx Pepiniere Abbotsford Inc., Abbo tsford , P a J C Paquette

Pepinoere Au Centre du Jardln, 1166 ru Proncopale , SI Dorot h e, Co Lava l, P C Lauron

Steve Landscape , 252 L veque Boul va rd , Ponl VO<lU , VoIl Laval, P SIeve N delJkovoch

Pep ini ere Anjou Nursery Reg 'd., 7000 Metropolol an Boul eva rd , Volle D'AnJou , P H Zeollonger

Suburban Outdoor Sprinklers Reg ·d., 840 Decaroe , Monlreal 9, P a Gerald Perron

a

a

Pepinlere Auclair & Freres , R R 1, St HoIa ore Sta lo on, Co Rouvi lle, p.a.

Guy Au clai r Pepiniere Yvon Auclair & Fils, R.R. No. 3, 1386 Ch em on Oz oas Leduc, SI. HoI ai re , Co Ro uvil le, P a.

Cl aude Au c lai r Pepin iere Chateau Pines Nursery Reg 'd ., 12 rue Lepailleur, Ch ate augu ay, p.a.

A . Charbonneau Pepiniere Cote de Liesse Reg 'd., 200 Gagnon, Ville SI. Laurent, p.a.

Fernand Beli sle Les Pepinieres Jasmin lIee., 2905 Bo is- Franc, Ville SI. Laurent, p.a.

A . Jasmin La Pepiniere des Laurentides Inc., 2347 2ie me Avenue, Trois Rivieres , p.a.

Yvon Fournier Pepiniere Soulanges Nursery Reg 'd., C.P. l00, Coteau d u Lac, Co. Soulanges, p.a.

Andre Wart Pepiniere SI. Aubin & Frerel, 5155 Boul. Grandes Prairies, Ville SI. Leonard, p.a.

R. St . Aubin Pepiniere SI. Martin, 101 Chemin d 'Equerre, Ste. Rose, V. Laval, p.a.

M. Pelet

a

Sun Valley Nursery Limited , 1255 Ph olops Square , Montreal 2, P F Co lu cco no

a

Terrassement Moderne Landscape Enrg ., 14 SI. A lphonse , Cap de la Madeleo ne, p.a M. Laforme Town & Country Nurseries Limited, 51 86 Col e des Neig es, Montrea l, P a.

B. John sto ne Jack Vincelli Limited, 5803 Weslm i nster N., Co te SI. Lu c, Montre al 29 , p.a.

S. Vincelli & Son Reg 'd ., 22 Mo unt Verno n, V. SI. Pierre , p.a.

John Vincelli West Island Landscape , 17155 SI. Mary Road, Kirkland, p.a.

G. Darge lis A. C. White Landscape Co. Limited , 6935 Monkland, Montreal, p.a.

R. Wiedman & Son, 8450 Levesque Boulevard , Ville St. Francois , p.a.

Agri-Tech Inc., 2025 Chemin Chambly, V. Jacques Cartier, p.a.

L. Forest

W. H. Perron & Cie. Ltee., 515 Blvd . Labelle , Chomedey, V . Laval , p.a.

Petroni Nursery, 700 Marie Victorin Blvd ., V . Jacques-Cartier, p.a.

P. Petroni

Thos. Bonar & Co. Limited , 606 de Courecelle Street, Montreal 30, p.a.

R. Laperriere

J . M. Remy,

Brookdale-Kingsway Limited , Bowman ville , Ontario lan Smith

p.a.

Kurt Rosger, 621 A Avenue, Murdochville, p.a.

Brookside Gardens, Morin Heights, p.a.

B. Stoecker

Gustave Roure, Ste . Cecile de Milton, Co. Shefford, p.a.

Canadian Industries Limited, P.O. Bo x 10 Montreal , p.a.

H. W. Barrett

Royatvale Nursery Limited , 1055 Labelle Boulevard , Ste. Therese de Blainville, p.a.

Carl Lu ck SI. Michel Paysagiste, Enrg., 9210 - 14ieme Avenue , V. SI. Michel, p.a.

Guy Hains Service des Arbres Ideal Tree Service, St . Urbain, Co . Chateauguay, p.a.

Emilien Miller Sheridan Nurseries Limited , 650 MonlEi e de Liesse , SI. Laurenl , Montre al 9, p.a.

Herman Loeven

Hali fax Se d Co . Limit d , 151 G'ilnvollp Str I, H.olol.ox, N S W To gunn

G. D. L. Associa l es, 2 135 Drummond SIr el, Monlreal , P a Jom Godber

MacLeod ' s Lawn Equipment Lomlt d , 261 B dlord Road , Rockongham, N S D B MacLeod

a

Green Cross Produ cts, 0116 Wankl yn Avenue , VoIle La Salle, P F Gagnon

Mllligan Brothers Limited , Wave rloy , Halofax Co , N S Gerald MoIlogan

a

Hewitt Equipment limited , 5001 Melropolotan, Poonte Cl aore , P S Po elrak

Mu rder Point Nu rseries, Box 40.

Mahone Bay, N S R P Bell

a

J . Labonte & Fils Inc., 250 Chemon Ch ambly.

Longueol , p.a.

J. Labo nte

Ro sedale Nurser ies Lim ited , 197 Wyse Road, Darl mouth , N S H H Newp ort

National Bag Co. Limited , 155 Van Horne Avenue , Mon lre al, P a.

Premier Peat Moss Producers Limited , 5230 Cl an ra nald , Mont rea l 29. p.a.

Pholoppe L. Deca rie Savard Machine Shop Inc., 980 r ue Roy, SI. Lau renl, p.a.

R. Sava rd

South Shore Nurse ry Li mited , PO Box 840 , Brodgewa ter, N S. J S Ross Major A. Thompson Lim ited , Elmsdale, N S M A . Thompso n

U.S.A.

Shur-Gain Fertilizers, 6000 SI. Patri c k Street , Montrea l, P a.

Rod Herm itage

Forest Nursery Co . Inc ., Box 311, McMonnvolle, Tenn ., U.S A

Superior Seeds Inc., 301 Devo nshi re, Previ lle, Comle Ch ambly, P H. Bryon

Herbst Brothers Seedsman In c., PO Box 96, 1000 Maon Street, Brews ler, N Y 10509, USA.

a.

Swift Canadian Co . Limited , 4884 Gign a, SI. Vin ce nt de Paul , P A . Vaill ancourt

a

ASSOCIATE MEMBERS

Alias Asbestos Company Limited, 5600 Hochelaga Street , Montreal 5, p.a.

Rene Del ag rave

271 rue Bl ai n, SI. Hilaire, Co. Rouville ,

Federal Equ opmenl Li m oled , 895 Monll'C dc Lo 'S SI Lilur nl. P R G mull

NOVA SCOTlA

Milton Nursery Co ., PO Box 7, Molton-Freewate r, Oregon , USA Morning Star Nursery Inc., Rove s, Ten n 38253, U S.A George Cullra

Baird 's Greenhouses, R.R. 5, Truro, N.S. Mrs. Frank Bai rd

Mount Arbor Nurseries, 400 N. Cente r Street, Shena ndo ah, Iowa 51601 , U.SA F E Hartman

Baxter's Nursery, Lower Sac kville , Halif ax Co., N.S. D. W. Baxter

Pacific Coast Nursery Inc., Route 1, Box 114B, Portl and , Oregon 97231 , U.S A Marti n Halm aso n

Braemore Garden Centre Limited , 54 Brae mo re Street , Antig oni sh, N.S. W. Wesley

Ra-Pid-Gro Corporation, 88 Ossia n Street, Dansville. N Y., U.SA. D. H. Unger

Coupar' s Nursery Limited , 351 Pi ctou Road , Truro , N.S. John H. Coupar Deans Nursery Limited, 60 25 Sta nl ey Street, Halifax, N.S. R. Levy

Shenandoah Nurseries, 301 Wabash Avenue , Shenandoa h, Iowa, U.S.A .

John Mc L aren

EUROPE

Caverhill, Learmont & Co. Limited , 455 SI. Peter Street , Montreal 1, p.a.

F. Carmi c hael

Dennis Coupar Landscaping , Elm sd ale. N.S. Denni s Co up ar

Bulk & Company , Acerslraat 7, Boskoop, Holl and C. G Bulk

H. C. Downham Nursery Co. Limited , Strathroy, Ont ario .

W M. Bowley

Edmonds Bros. Landscaping Contractors, 70 Brook Street, Ar md ale, N .S. R. L. Edmond s

F. J . Grootendorst & Sons, Boskoop, Holland .

H Grootendorst

Les Engra is Laprairie lIee., 965 Ste. Eliz abelh , La Pr aor ie, p.a.

M Lemaot re

Ellerbrok Nurseries Limited , Sydney Rive r, N.S. Willa m Ell erbrok

Fafard Peat Moss, C.P. 282, Berth ie rv ill e, p.a.

U. Fafard

46

Garden Services, R.R 1, Ell erhouse, Hants Co , N S. R. D. Stai rs

J . A . Loef, Boskoop, Holl and .

Leo M. van Reisen & Co ., Voorhout, Holl and .

Pepalbrac Export Nurseries, Wetteren , Belgoum .

H Braec kman

ON CANADA'S lOath BIRTHDAY For Canada, 0 God, we give Thee thanks From Victoria City to Newfoundland's banks.

For our people who came from many lands We are gratefu l, our Father, for th eir sk ill ed hands.

We proise Thee for mountains, forests , and stream.

Their beauty is Canada , our fondest dream .

Opportunity, abundance, happiness, too, Are here in the North, we have found to be tru e.

Make us worthy, 0 God , the future to hold As our forefathers worked, cou rageous and bold.

Accept our thanks, we humbly pray For the land we cal l ours -

Canada , to-day.

In Gratitude for the PastWith Confidence in the Future-

WEALL AND CULLEN NURSERIES LIMITED

SEARLE NURSERIES located in Canada's Centre Province of Manitoba will service aH of Canada with the finest and hardiest nursery stock available.

Congratulations to Canada on her lOOth Birthday.

SEARLE NURSERIES East Selkirk, Man.

llllli~~ml~gjt~OOiiIl1iil~~liilm~ ift~~r.t}iijjggu~mffirtr~im1mitlb;tt!fi~:tflfU ~ Telephone 482-4486 Area Code 204

WALTER VAN VLOTEN NURSERIES WHOLESALE GROWERS AND PROPAGATORS OF NURSERY STOCK

SPECIALIZING:

*

HARDY EVERGREEN LINERS ALSO RHODODENDRONS AND AZALEAS

NURSERY ADDRESS

11765 - 176 STREET, PITT MEADOWS, B.C. HOME ADDRESS

12292 - 216 STREET, HANEY, B.C.

One year before Confederation we became part of the Canadian scene. In the one hundred and on e years since , Canadians have trusted us to deliver many kinds of valuables for them.

But none so valuable as th e good w ishes we have delivered with their sh ipmen ts.

HAPPY BIRTHDAY CANADA

AMERICAN EXPRESS CO. (CANADA) LTD., 34 King Street West, Toronto 1, Ontario

CLAY'S NURSERIES

Geraniums ...

From Oglevee' Cultured Indexed Stock

JOHN EMMONS LIMITED Operating As

LES CLAY & SON LIMITED

PROPAGATORS

Box 250 -

Descriptive Price List

Telephone

Who lesale Trade Only

The perfect rev italize r for unproducti ve soil - re p lacement for manure

ELLERBROK'S NURSERY LTD.

STOCK

3666 - 224 STREET, LANGLEY, B.C. P.O. BOX 640

Oil R equest-

CANADIAN DISTRIBUTOR FOR "TERRA NOVA" LIVE HUMUS

OUT

"We have ane of the most modern propagating houses in Canada"

Fonthi ll , Ontario

Ornamentals Fruit Trees Evergreens Field Grown Perennials

GROWERS

TREES AND SHRUBS LINING

BARRON'S FLOWERS

&

A rea Code 604 - 534-4324

D&R

GARDEN SUPPLY LTD. 238

CROSS AVE.

OAKVILLE, ONT.

845-0411 Formerly;

THE MILL

SERVING CANADIAN NURSERY, GARDEN CENTRE and FARM TRADES FOR OVER 15 YEARS. FERTILIZERS LAWN SEEDS PEAT MOSS FARM FEEDS CHEMICALS - ALLIED PRODUCTS

Sydney River, Nova Scotia

WHOLESALE

Nurseryman - Landscape Contractor - Arch itect

The Lakeshore's most complete year round

and

GARDEN CENTRE

RETAIL

ZAMDER SOD COMPANY LIMITED

One of the largest Nursery Sod suppliers in Metro Toronto and area Special delivery services available for nurseries and garden centres Free Fork Lift Service on Large Orders

Radio Dispatched - Phone 241-0411 or 241-6612 All Turf Varieties Are Fully Guaranteed

LARGE TREES 2-4" CAL. ALOUETTE TREE FARM LIMITED 12993 HARRIS RD. , PITT MEADOWS, B.C. B & B OR CONTAINER GROWN

•

CONTRACT GROWN

Telephone 467-4646 or 876-6468

Canada's Largest Rose Grower

ELLESMERE NURSERIES LIMITED Welcomes

THE CENTENNIAL

YEAR

We have over 25 years' experience growing roses and carry out constant and extensive research.

This enables us to give you excellent service at all times.

WE GROW

WITH

CANADA

Brooklin, Ontario.

Tel. 416-655-3611

put SELL In your sales with "SELL-O-GLOSS" tags and labels in full color SEND FOR V ARIErY LIST AND PRICES

HORTICULTURAL

PRINTERS

3700 Executive Blvd., Mesquite , Texas, U.S.A.

FOR SUCCESSFUL CUTTINGS treat with

'SERADIX' B

TRADE MARK BRAND

ROOT FORMING HORMONE POWDER AVAILABLE IN 3 STRENGTHS FOR SOFT. MEDIUM AND HARDWOOD CUTTI NGS IN 30 GRAM AND 600 GR . CONTAINERS From , BISHOP SEEDS LTD, BellevoIle, Onl. • BOWAN & CARSON LTD ., Leamington, Onl. • COCK BROS ., Wlnd,ar. Ont • THE W A JENKINS MFG CO. LTD ., London, On t • GEO KEITH & SONS LIMITED , Toronto, Ont • RICHIE FEED & SEED LTD., Ottawa, Ont • W H. PERRON & CO. LIMITED , Chomedev, Quebec .

WILLlAM RENNIE SEEDS LIMITED, Toronto, Ont • STOKES SEEDS LIMITED , St Catho"ne" Ont • BATEMAN GARDEN CENTRE SUPPLIES, Cook,vllle, Ont

An M & B Horticultural Product for Canadian Nurserymen

MAY & BAKER (CANADA) LIMITED 180 BEllARMIN STREET, MONTREAL 11

FAFARD PEAT MOSS

lafard

• TOP QUALITY • QUALITE SUPERIEURE • PROMPT SERVICE • LIVRAISON RAPIDE • EXCELLENT PACKAGING • EMBALLAGES A TTRA Y ANTS

MEMBRE

URBAIN FAFARD CASIER POSTAL 282, BERTHIERVILLE, QUEBEC TEL.: 5 14-836-4371

CHARTER MEMBER ON.T.A _

GLEN D. OGILVIE LTD. P.O. BOX 329, CALEDONIA, ONTARIO TEL. : 416 -7 65 -4531

Oregon Bulb Farms Ine. P.O. BOX 529 GRESHAM, OREGON 97030, U.S.A.

WHOLESALE ONLY

WORLD FAMOUS

SEND FOR : PRICE LIST COLOR FOLDER DESCRIPTIVE CATALOG Visitors are always welcome at our farms, where from June through August, more than 160 acres of hybrid lilies can be inspected .

Order from your ;obber or directly from us.

Hardy! Easy to Grow!

JAGRA

WORLD fAMOUS LILIES

HUMBER NURSERIES LI MITED

CJ\\ata\\ttt~ \\t~\\\t~ Y\\t

Est. 1949

"DUTCH GARDEN CENTER"

Metro's foremost Nursery to Stop and Shop Highway No. 50 - Half Mile South of No. 7 Growers and Propagators of Locally Grown Stock • • • • • • • •

Bulbs - Alpines - Perennials Flowering Shrubs Shade and Ornamental Trees Bush and Tree Roses Bedding and Carpet Bedding Stock Geraniums, Fuchsias, Tub . Begonias Evergreens Annuals

~

\\\\\\\t\\~\\tt~

LANDSCAPE DESIGNING AND CONTRACTING Tel.: 851-2041 Area 416 Mailing - R.R. 1 - Wood bridge CA TALOGUE ON REQUEST

LAKESHORE LANDSCAPE ASSOCIATES

Lawn & Garden Products for 1967

Founded 7954

3513 MAVIS ROAD, COOKSVILLE, ONTARIO

MAY WE ALL KEEP PACE WITH OUR GROWING COUNTRY

• • • • • • •

So-Green All-Purpose 7-7-7 Fertilizer So-Green Premium Lawn Food So-Green 10-6-4 High Organic Fertilizer So-Green Fertilizer with Crabgrass Preventer So-Green Weed and Feed with Killex So-Green Fertilizer with White Grub Killer Garden So-Green

SO-GREEN for beautiful lawns & gardens So-Green Industries Ltd., 25 Lesmill Road, D on Mills, Ontario

•

This C-I-L fertilizer is just what the doctor ordered for "Miss Canada" ... or a rose by any other name.

It's Rose Doctor Rx 6-9-6.

It's one of 16 different, easy -care lawn and garden fertilizer formula tions from Canadian Industries Limited .

Rose Doctor Rx 6-9-6 has a special importance this year. It's being prescribed as the perfect plant food for "Miss Canada" - the rose chosen by the Nurserymen of Canada for Centennial year.

Rose Doctor Rx 6-9-6 sends a systemic insecticide into every pa rt of the plant. Aphids, Leafhoppers, Leaf Miners are controlled from the inside for 6 weeks or more.

Rose Doctor Rx kills white grubs,

w irew orms and other soil insects. It discourages skunks and moles, and gives season-long weed con trol.

Rose Doctor Rx. For "Miss Canada" or a rose by any other name and fo r ornamentals, shrubs, hedges, perennials or transplanted annuals.

MADE IN CANADA FOR CANADIAN GARDENS BY

GI'-

LAWN & GARDEN

FERTILIZERS

PLEDGED TO QUALITY PROUD TO SERVE

JACK VANKLAVEREN COMPANY LIMITED P .O. Box 280 CREEMORE , ONTARIO PHONE 705-466-2314

REDLEAF NURSERIES LTD. R.R. #1

HORNBY , ONT .

15 YEARS YOUNG AND ANXIOUS

WHOLESALERS OF IMPORTED AND DOMESTIC BULBS , SEEDS AND PLANTS

TO QUOTE ON YOUR NEEDS FOR LARGE

INQUIRIES KINDLY REQUEST ED .

ALLDONE LAN DSCAPE ~~ CORPORA TION

"-f p {

LIMITED

OR UNUSUAL TREES

HUGH McCRACKEN LIMITED BRAN T FORD , ONTARIO

• LANDSCAPE CONTRACTORS DESIGNERS AND SUPPLIERS Preslde nl

An l hony Ko c h

IN THE GARDENING BUSINESS SINCE 1947

• OUR MODERN GARDEN CENTRE IS ONE MILE EAST OF BRANT-

R.R. :f:: 1 Un ionville, Ontario

FORD ON HIGHWAY No. 2.

FOR A DEPENDABLE SUPPLY OF All KINDS OF

IMPORTED AND DOMESTIC FALL AND SPRING BULBS, PACKAGED BULBS, DISPLAY CASES, ROSES, ETe.

PARIDON BULB CO . LTD. PHONES: 936-2048 or 936-1383 621 Blue Mountain Street

Coquitlam, New Westminster, B.e.

PRICE LISTS UPON APPLlCA TlON

ROBERT NIELSEN & SON NURSERIES

1947 ROBERT NiElSEN

LIMITED

Lakeshore Highway E.

1967

Oakville, Ontario

'OUR TWENTIETH BIRTHDA Y' 'CANADA'S ONE HUNDREDTH BIRTHDA Y'

NIACARA

• • •

PROFESSIONAL MATERIALS FOR THE CANADIAN HOME GARDENER STOCK THE LINE THA T SELLS

For Service and Quality Turf Call

M. SMILSKY LIMITED R.R. No. 4 -

COOKSTOWN, Ont o

Turf Growers and Suppliers of

MERION - KENTUCKY BLUE GRASSES TORONTO 363-8089

" RADIO DISPATCHED"

COOKSTOWN (Re s.) 458-4721

PETER NiElSEN

WHISTLE BAR FARMS LIMITED 345 lAKESHORE ROAD EAST SUITE 511 OAKYILlE, ONTARIO

CANADA'S LARGE TREE SPECIALISTS Suppliers of 15,000 large trees to EXPO 67 In

Montreal

1867 1967 "Let all reputable Canadian Nurserymen ... contribute his or her part in making this great country of ours more fruitful and more beautiful" fQUOTED FROM S. McCONNELL'S ARTICLE IN THIS CENTENNIAL YEAR BOOK)

The McConnel1 Nursery Co. Ltd. PORT BURWELL, ONTARIO -

(Established 1912)

VI GO R0 VI G0RO VI GO R0 VI G0R0 -

" First" name in garden supplies

VI G0R0 -

" First" in complete balanced plant food for home gardeners

VIGORO -Availa ble coast to coast

VI GO R0 -

" First" home plant food with trace elements

"First" patented "metered release" lawn food

Made in Canada

SWIFT CANADIAN CO., LIMITED, Toronto 18, Onto

" First" patented lawn food

BATEMAN GARDEN CENTRE SUPPLIES 1770 ALBION ROAD, REXDALE, ONTARIO

WHOLESALE DISTRIBUTOR OF:

ARNOLD GARDEN HOSE SPRA YER

•

ROSS ROOT FEEDER

SWIFT'S VIGORO PRODUCTS

•

BLUE WHALE PRODUCTS

EDMONT GARDEN GLOVES

•

NIAGARA BRAND CHEMICALS TOPPER PLANTERS

•

CURLY LOX LABELS

•

•

MAY AND BAKER PRODUCTS

GARDEN TREAT PRODUCTS

HERCULlTE POTS

•

LIDO PRODUCTS

FROST FENCE

and many similar lines "that make gardening a pleasure"

DUTCH GROWERS GARDEN CENTRE LTD. SUTHERLAND SUB-OFFICE

SASKATOON

:

ASK .

Saskatchewan Hardy Nursery Stock Grown in Our Own Nursery ~ VERGR - N OR NAMENTAL TREES : FRUITS SHR UBS : ROSES : H DG HARDY P R NNIAL Potted Plant For Greater Satisfaction G RASS SEEDS: PEAT MOSS : INSECTJ IDES : GARD N TOOLS

R ETA IL AND WH OLESALE -CATALOG ON REQUeST

1953 -

OUR 14TH YEAR SERVING SASKATCHEWAN -

1967

A . (HARRY) VAN DUYVENDYK

Genera I Mana ger

NATIONAL GARDEN SUPPLY of Canada Limited

WHOLESALE DISTRIBUTORS OF LAWN & GARDEN SUPPLIES POWER MOWERS GARDEN TRACTORS SNOW BLOWERS GARDEN TILLERS HAND TOOLS

FERTILIZERS INSECTICIDES WEED KILLERS SPRAYERS HOSE & SPRI NKLERS

1177 CALEDONIA ROAD, TORONTO 19, PHONE 789-1242

BULK &CO. wholesale nurseries

BOSKOOP HOLLAND

JOHN CONNON

NURSERIES LIMITED Growers of Quality

Shade Trees Flowering Shrubs Fruit Trees THE FINEST IN ORNAMENTAL PLANTS Featuring SHADE & FLOWERING TREES FLOWERING SHRUBS HEDGES

Evergreens Roses Perennials

•

EVERGREENS Experienced in shipping from Coast to Coast

JERRY HASEK NURSERY BOX 3, PICKERING, ONTARIO PHONE: 942·0977 Located on Church St. N.

for forty-five years.

Who lesale catalogLle sent on request.

Box 200, Waterdown, Ontario Phone 689-4631

Visit my nursery . Send your Wont List.

Wholesale only.

N urserymen Prefer ...

THE

SH E R IDAN

~ENNE - P OT

SAVE TIME - SAVE MONEY - SAVE POTTING COSTS WITH SHERIDAN NURSERIES PATENTED MENNE-POTS . STURDILY CONSTRUCTED, THE SHERIDAN MENNE-POT WITHSTANDS HARD HANDLING, AND IS LIGHT IN WEIGHT. IT IS THE ECONOMICAL MEDIUM FOR MERCHANDISING ROSES, SHRUBS, TREES, ANNUALS, AND PERENNIALS IN ALL SEASONS .

REFUSE SUBSTITUTES. FOR ALL YOUR PLANTING NEEDS, INSIST ON THE BEST BY TEST - SHERIDAN NURSERIES MENNEPOTS .

SHERIDAN NURSERIES LIMITED

~ENNE-POT

HEAD OFFICE : 100 Sherway Drive, Etobicake, Ontario NURSERY OFFICE : 1116 Winston Churchill Blvd ., Oakville, Ontario MONTREAL OFFICE: 650 Month de liesse, St. Laurent, Montreal 9, Quebec

ROSES

-

EVERG REENS

ORNAMENTALS

-

SMALL FRUITS

RUNDLE GARDEN CENTRE LIMITED

•

"Everything for the Garden"

DWARF FRUIT TREES AND CONTRACT GROWING

•

Founded 1945

Member Nursery Trades Association of British Columbia Canadian Nursery Trades Association

ROSE ARBOR NURSERIES 2377 Highway 122, Oakvillc, Ontario

Specializing in Lining Out Stock F. tablished in 1943 by Jens Peder en

MHIBER IN TERNATIO AL PLANT PROPAGATORS OCIETY

10 15 King Street East Oshawa, Ontario

From Coast to Coast A Centennial Salute to Canada and Her

~@~~~~

?r~ /iL~ap: ~&o

T O RON T O

· OTTAWA .

HAM I LTON

Toron to & W est

Bowmonvill

BOWMANVILLE, ONTARIO

EM. 6-2566

623 -3345

CHILLlWACK, B.C.

Quality Shade and Ornamental Trees Brookdale-Kingsway is pleased to announce that com mencing in 1968 a full line of Canadian Grown Shade Trees from whips to well branched transplante d stock will be available to nurserymen across Canada.

With estimated tree production of all varieties of Maples, Flowering Cherries, Prunus varieties,

etc . from our B.C. growing farm, we will be pleased to quote on your requirements!

We at "Brookdale" look forward to meeting the growing demand for "Canadian Grown" shade trees!! ... ... ... Maples, Birch, Locust, Flowering Crab, linden, Ash, Prunus ... ... ...

Brookdale - KingslNay Lld. CUT YOUR LABOUR COSTS ... make centennial year your best ever!

LINDIG Tractor-mounted rotary tillers

SHREDDERS Produce fine soil, peat, clay, manur compost, leaf mold.

Rotary mowers Riding mowers Rotary tillers

LAWN EQUIPMENT

1184 PLAINS ROAD E., BURLlNGTON , ONT.

Phone Toronto 923-8474 or Burl ington 637-5216

GENERAL LANDSCAPE CONTRACTORS

EVANS CONTRACTINC CO. LIMITED Let us do your project from start to finish.

EARTHMOVING GRADING SEWERS & DRAINAGE CONCRETE WORK PAVING STONEWORK WOODWORK SEEDING SODDING PLANTING HYDRO SEEDING STRAW MULCHING NURSERY SOD FARMS

BOX 277, AGINCOURT, ONTARIO TElEPHONE 293-4134

Fast Selling Line of PLANTERS AND ROSE TRELLISES

OCTAGONAL PLANTERS BRASS BANDED

I

1

Model OP-14 14/1 Wide - 113,4/1 High

DOUBLE VEE TRELLIS

OTHER SIZES AND MODELS TO CHOOSE FROM

Model RT-7 84/1 High - 18/1 Wide

r

r.

1\ I

I

1 ~

I 1

PLANTERS BOXES BRASS BANDED

M odel LP-36

36/1 x 8V2/1

X

71,4/1

High Wall brackets available.

lADDER COMPANY l TD. 25 Sheffield St., Toronto 15, Onto

l

I

249-7921

8721-8th Avenue St. Michel, Montreal 38, Que. 725-2451

RICHARD SON FARMS PONTYPOOL, ONTARIO

• Complete Landsca pe Nursery Services 3030 KINGSWAY VANCOUVER 16 - BRITISH COLUMBIA

DAVID HUNTER GARDEN SHOPS Limited

Specializing in Scotch Pine and Spruce Christmas trees.

• Evergreen seedlings and deciduous tree seedlings and transplan ts.

• Evergreen liners and rooted cuttings.

We grow

YORK NURSERY LIMITED •

the be t q uality of Nursery stock for Prai rie Cond itions.

Visitors always welcome.

ACKENHOFF NURSERIES - LANDSCAPING

WHOLESALE & RETAIL

R.R.4, KITCHEN ER, ONTARIO

Lot 41

P.O. Box 2000 St. Norbert , Man .

Unionville Nurseries Limi ted -

a family business establish ed at the turn of the century which has

gradually evolved into one of the leading Garden Centre operation s of Southern Ontario.

- we extend a sincere invitation to all association members to visit with us when in the Toronto area .

H. FRANK MARLOW, B.S.A. President

#

7 Highway

•

Unionville, Ontario

•

297-1440

VANHOF & BLOKKER LTD .

Horticultural Specialists since 1868

177 3 M ATTAWA AVENU E, COOKSVILLE, ONT. PHON E

(416) 277-0301

Cable address: HOFBLOKKER -

TORONTO

FLOWERBULBS FOR FALL OR SPRI NG IN BULK, SHOWCASES OR PACKAG ES.

Hercu lite Pots - and Rosecollars.

Pl astic Pots - and Saucers.

Plastic Garden Ornaments.

P lantaboxes - and Pots.

Hanging Baskets.

Plantlabels.

Bamboostakes.

Jiffypots.

Geranium s.

BRAUN'S LANDSCAPING & NURSERY LTD. HAMILTON

LANDSCAPING -

NURSERYMEN SEEDSMEN GREENHOUSE GROWERS

Industrial & Commercial

NURSERY - Specializing in Growing of Shade trees & Evergreen SOD

FARM - Growers of Kentucky Blue & Merion Blue Sod according to N .S.G.A. specifications

LOCATION - Hamilton & Ancaster, Phone 385-5377 Member of Canadian Trades Assn.

Member of Ontario Trades Assn.

"Make your Want List Our Problem"

Member of Ontario Landscape Contractors Assoc.

Member of Ontario Sod Growers Assoc.

Pre-printed Plastic Labels for beddi ng pl ants Camelias, Azaleas and Rhododendron s

lESllE l.

SalTY AND SONS

Container-grown Nursery Stock Catalogue for the Grower V -SEAL F lower Seeds Bedding Plants

liMITED

Groundcovers

3850 KINGSTON ROAD

Murray & Wood

SCARBOROUGH, ONTARIO 267-8294

Wholesale

Retail

Growers Ltd.

Spccimen Trees, Shrub

and Evergreens

100 Acres of Nur ery Stock 400 Acres of the fine t quality

od

7376 Blenheim St., Vancouver 13, B.C .

Telephone 266-9550

CANADA'S CENTENNIAL YEAR

H. C. DOWNHAM NURSERY CO.

GROWING WITH CANADA SINCE 1919 For the past 48 years Downh am Nurseries h as been supplying high-quality stock to nurseries and garden centres from coast-tocoast in Canada.

These 48 years of growing experien ce combined with nutritious soil, the latest equipment and modern cultural practices has meant the best in strong, vigorous , top-qu ality plants.

Downham Nurseries features a complete selection of flowering , ornamental and fruit trees , roses and shrubs.

"Downham's offer Nursery Stock with Added Worth .. . Grown in Canada's finest Earth ."

STRATHROY, ONTARIO

519-254-0220

W estern Callada's Largest Gro wers o f COlltaill er Gro wn Nursery Stock

~ 7.-~

MASSOT NURSERIES LTD. GROW ERS & WHOL ESAL ERS OF QU ALITY NURSERY STOCK

~'?3 ohnson's Nurseries Qy

FI E

TO THE SERVICE OF THE TRADE WITH: - Container Grown Nursery Stock - Potted Liners and Rooted Cuttings - Hardy Stock for the Prairies - Growing Contracts - General Nursery Stock from Rooted Cuttings to 4" Caliber Ornamental Trees Write, Pholl e, Wire or come to see us soon

P.O. BOX 39, NO. 8 HIGHWAY, STONEY CREEK, ONT. PHON E 664-43 12

AREA CODE 416

We are proud to have been one of the original members of the O .N .T.A.

Complete List of Packaged Nursery Stock Wholesale List on Request

Wholesale Catalogue se nt on request

Massot Nurseries Ltd.

A COMPLETE GARDEN SERVICE" H ARDY GROWN" NURSERY STOCK

1606 Westminster Hwy. , R.R. 2 Richmond.Vancouver, B.C .

Telephone 604·273·3704

CHARLES FIORE NURSERIES INC. Growers of landscape Size Material

Fairlawn Sod

Nursery Ltd.

W e spec ialize in growing in quantity a large variety of . ..

SHADE TREES, SHRUBS, and EVERGREENS in sizes for immediate effect.

ESPALIERS AND TOPIARY PLANTS AVAILABLE. For plant items hard to find try us.

Quality Turf For Instant Lawns W rite for our Season Price List

Turf Farm : Lynden , Ontario Phone Lynden 647-348 1 Coteau Station, Quebec Phone Coteau Landing 267-3349 Montreal 86 1-76 12

PRAIRIE VIEW, ILLINOIS 60069

Telephone: 312·634·3400

eJn ERINDALE NURSERIES LIMITED 4007 MISSISSAUGA ROAD NORTH, STR ETSYILLE, ONTARIO Telephone 826-3451

COaUffhal1 cnur~erie~

l TO.

3444 SHEPPARD AYE. EAST AGINCOURT, ONTARIO RETAILERS

•

LANDSCAP ERS

FOR OV ER

37

•

GROWERS

YEARS

WATERDOWN SOD SUPPLY Growers of QUALITY TURF MERION & KENTUCKY BLUE GRASS MEMBER NURSERY SOD GROWERS ASSOC. OF ONTARIO

R.R. No . 1, WATER DOWN 689-6678

IF BUSY C ALL HAMILTON 529-0076

Best Wishes to All Canadians For Another 100 Successful Y ears

E. DACCORD LIMITED,

900

Monh~e

de Liesse Rd .,

SI. Lourenl, Que .

S. VINCELLI & SON REG'D,

22 Mounl Vernon, Ville SI. Pierre, Que .

JOHN VINCELLI

Pioneers in Nursery Service Schools Helmut H. Schmitz, of Ottawa, Ont. , 1966 President of the American Institute of Landscape Architects, presented a Special Award by A.I.L.A. to Mr. and Mrs . T. A. Torgeson at their large International Convention in Phoenix, Arizona, January 20, 1967.

The awa rd was in

recognition of the firm, Prairie Nurseries Ltd., PIONEERS in establishing ANNUAL SERVICE SCHOOLS to train their representatives in Landscape Design and Horticulture.

Mr. Schmitz, who is the President of the Parkway Planning Associates Ltd. , of Ottawa, was familiar with this training course by Prairie Nurseries Limited.

FOR OVER HALF-A-CENTURY Prairie Nurseries Ltd ., (Incorporated in 1911) has conducted Service Schools under the present management.

By the way, P .N .L. has been

operated by the same management longer than any other large nursery in Canada.

President

T. A. Torgeson, who purchased control of the Company shortl y after it started, is still General

Manager of this thriving Company .

The first School was held in 1914.

The free Landscape Design Service was of great help

to homeowners and public bodies throughout the Prairi e Provinces Lakes to the Rockies -

from the head of the

and trained Sales Staffs grew rapidly, as did the volume of business.

Lecturers on Landscape Desi gn and H orticulture -

o ne yea r it was th e Head of the Landscape

Design Department of the University of Minn esota representatives at the Annual Schools.

were among those who trained P .N .L.

It was this training that enabled the Company to

"weather the ga le" during the depression years of th e 30's when a ve ry large percentage of the people of the prairies were on relief.

OUR CENTENNIAL THANK-YOU To our many th ou and of ho meowner clients throughout th e Prairie Provinces, to Federal and Provincial Governments, to the hundreds of Cities and Town , that have used our Landscape De ign Service and plant material in beautifying their Public pl antings, large and small.

The Staffs of Prairie Nurseries Ltd. are happy to continu e to be a major factor in the

horticultural development of the Prairie Provi nces.

PRAIRIE NURSE RI ES LIMITED The Largest Nurseries 111 Western Canada ESTEVAN. SASKATCHEWAN

McCAGUE SOD Contri buti ng to Canada's Growth and Beauty •

McCAGUE MERION SOD LTD. FINEST MERION BLUE GRASS MIXTURES FOR EVERY NEED

109

ALBERT ST . WEST

P.O . Box 489

ALLISTON , ONTARIO, CANADA PHONE TORONTO 368-3441 ALLlSTON 435-6217

•

(7) uy (7) ELGIAN

':D UY ':D RAECKMAN'S Roses - Bulbs Fruits - Trees and Stocks Nursery - Stocks Ornarnentals - Evergreens Birch - Maple and other shade trees

Compliments of

J. ALEXC.L.U. MURPBY representing

ask for general catalogue s.p.r'!.

PEPALBRAC

With A Record of 99 Years' Low Cost Life Insurance Since 1868.

p.v.b.a.

formerly: Alphonse Braeckman

Estate Plans - Group Plans Pensions - Family Protection

EXPORT NURSERIES WETTEREN BELGIUM

cables PEPALBRAC WETfEREN Agent: C. W. S. Long

R.R . 3, Salm on Arm (B.C.)

2092 UPPER MIDDLE ROAD OAKVILLE, ONT. TELEPHONE (4 16 ) 822-3135

604-832-2446

YOUR GARDEN SUPPLY CENTRE

SEED CENTRE LTD. R .R. #8 -

EDMONTON ,

127TH ST. AND 143RD AVE .

EDMONTON, ALBERTA

Your Local Edmonton Nursery Phone 599-7917 LAWN GRASS SEED • EVERGREENS • FRUIT TREE • ANNUAL & PER ENNIAL FLOWER • GARDEN EEDS • FERTILIZER & INSECTICIDE •

"CHEZ PERRON TOUT EST BaN"

" WE LEAD IN PLANTS AND SEEDS" Since Nov. 7, 1928, we have specialized in the best seeds for market growers and flower growers, lawn seed, fertilizer , nursery tock , miscellaneous garden supplies.

W. B. CO.PERRON LIMITED & CIE LIMITEE 515 BOUL. LABELLE CHOM EDEY (V 1LLE DE LAVAL) P.Q., CANA DA

REIMERS' NURSERIES SI NCE 1938

One Hundred and Ten Acres of Flowering and Shade Tree , Conifers, Roses, Fruit Trees.

WHOLE SALE ONLY

4586 DYKE ROAD , Y ARROW, B.C. PHONE: 823-4255

Exporting to Canada for over 60 years

F. J. GROOTENDORST & SONS HOLLAND'S FOREMOST EXPORT NURSERY

BOSKOOP - HOLLAND

BETTER LINERS OF TH E BETTER KINDS NOVELTY ITEMS A Most Com p lete list Properly grown, graded and packed

Wri te for Pr ice Li st

GULF STREAM NURSERY Inc. WACHAPREAGU E, VA .

SPRAMOTOR LIMITED FOR MA I NTLNANCL EQU IP MENT

• Jacob;e n Powe r Mowers

OTTO PICK

&

SONS SEEDS LIMITED Best wishes to Canadian N urserym en in 'Centennial '67'

• Worthi ngto n Tractors • Worthi ngto n Gang Mowe rs • J ari Snow Throwers • Pennington Mowers • Irrigation - Underground a nd Portab le • Buckner Sprink lers • Brillion Seeder

• Sprayers

• Roye r Shredders

• Rogers Turf Equipment

SPRAMOTOR LIMITED London,

Country Squire Turf Club and Rich-Hill Bulk Mixtures Custom Packaging a Specialty

• We,t Point Products

LONDON : Box 4277-BH, Te lephone 451 -9220

Finest lawn Grass Seeds

Ontario

TORONTO : Brydon Drive, Rexdole, O ntario

OTTO PICK & SONS SEEDS LTD. RICHMOND Hill, ONT.

Telephone 244- 1B92 OTTAWA : 2601 -BH Coding Ave. Telephone 828-0626 MONTREAL : 2552 Chombly Rood, Vdle Jacques earfier, Montreal

Telephone 677-2BI9

Telephone 884-1147

1ftoIZi NURSERIES LTD. R.R. #2 NIAGARA-ON-THE-LAKE, ONTARIO Niagara Stone Road , J mile east of Virgil

Tel. 468-3218 (Area Code 416)

SIXTEEN YEARS OF NURSERY EXPERIENCE

Specializing in fruit trees and evergreens. We will also have a good selection of Lining out Stock, Shade Trees, Fruit Tree Seedlings and Grafted Liners

We would like to take this opportunity to congratulate the Canadian Nurserymen on their Centennial celebration and wish them the best for the future.

A cordial invitation is extended to all Canadian nurserymen to visit our nurseries.

PRINCETON

NURSERIES

P.O. Box 191 , Princeton, N.J. 08540 Phone:

A.c. 609-924-1776

REMARKS ROSES One of Canada's largest growers and pre-packers of rose bushes. Serving over 2,500 stores and garden centres across Canada.

ROSE BUSH ES EVERGREENS

SHRUBS

TREES

ROOTS AND PLANTS

Sales Manager: FRANK R EMA RK Production Manager: ED R EMA RK Packaging Manager: GEORGE HORN E Greenhollse Manager: J OHN HORN E

REMARKS ORCHARDS & NURSERY BOX 1148, KINGSVILLE, 0

T.

SUNPARLOR OF CANADA

Phone : L.D. 519-733-5537 -

OFFICE 519-733-4803

HABERLIN NURSERIES LIMITED

Forest Nursery Company, Inc. RF D 2, McMINNVILLE, TENNESSEE 37110

WHOLESALE ONLY FIN ISHED STOCK

LINING OUT STOCK

Azal e a s, Nut Trees, Fruit Trees, Shade Trees, Orname ntal Trees, Flowering Shrubs, Vines and Creepers, Conife rou s Evergreens, Broad-Leaved Evergreens

Landscaping

ALSO

and Nursery Stock

Individually Root-Wrapped Sh ru bs & Trees Conta iner-G rown Plants Landscape-Size Specimen Plants

8387 SELKIRK STREET VANCOUVER, B.C.

HIRAM STUBBLEFIELD, Presi dent CHARLES KEEL, Superintendent

Phone: 266-7911 Phone

Area Code

473-21 33

GLENORCHIE NURSERY EST. 1917

Red River Blvd ., Old Kildonan, Man. Box 23, Group 2, R.R. #1

668-8303

ANDRE WART VOUS REMERCIE DE VOTRE ENCOURAGEMENT. Representant au Qu e bec

Winnipeg, Man.

50 years growing Manitoba Hardy Varieties here in the west for the west.

Complete line of Blod trees, ornamental fl owering trees, and shrubs, evergreens and perennials.

W . De JONG & SONS, Boskoop, HOLLAND .

IMPERIAL NURSERIES, East Hartford, U.s.A. BROOKDALE-KINGSWAY LTD ., Bowmanvi lle, O nto HOLLANDIA NURSERY, Victoria, B.C.

C.P. 100

•

Night Phone

615

H. M. Orchard, Prop.

~

ED.41223

~

Coteau du Lac, P.Q .

Code 514 - 763-5727

Something to blow about A friend of ours once remarked, "You've got to blow your own horn; no one else will for you".

We might have taken this advice earlier, howe.ver-

HERE GOES FOR A FEW BEEPS Symphoricarpos chenaulti Hancock About the year 1940, in a row of Chenault Coralberry made from hardwood cuttings, three flat growing specimens showed up .

It appeared ev id ent that they a ll came from cuttin g made

from one single mutant stem or sport. They were removed a nd planted in a nother pl ace fo r study. Two of them died but the strongest one lived. Tt became the parent plant for millio ns now planted in various parts of the world, and has become a widely used ground cover shrub in northern Europe. The varietal name was suggested by o ur friend George D arrow of the U.S. Dept. of Agricu lture.

Euonymus fortunei Woodland This very hardy free branching selection was made from seedlin gs of the well known variety

vegetlls. Tt has gained ge neral recognition in the nurse ry a nd land scape trades. Extremely versatile, it makes a first class specimen plant in ass:)Ciation with coniferous evergreens , also as hedge, ground cover or wall climber, and is preferred by man y to its parent.

Euonymus fortunei Gold Tip This , our latest nove lty, is the first hardy o utd oor plant to be registered with the Can adian Ornamental Plant Foundation . The fo li age is rich dark green with strong plashes of gold , some parts of which turn white as th e season adva nces. At present it is be ing developed by a number of leading grower nurserymen, and should be ge nerall y availab le to ga rden centres, landscape designers and contractors by the Fall of 1969.

Hardy Rhododendrons and Azaleas Our experience with the e beautiful plants started with the importa ti o n in 1938 of some Smirnow Rhodo's for cross breeding with other hardy named varieties. The ea rl y resu lts were ' no thing to blow about' but in th e later F2 generations some really good plants are showing up and will be named. AI 0 we are devoting steadily increasing attention to Ca nadian production of some of the finest time te ted hardy rhododendron varieties.

WOODLAND NURSERIES, COOKSVILLE, ONTARIO

p;:."•. :~

.® .

HOLLAND ~ i LANDSCAPERS ;fI

& DESlO

ERS

V INDUSTRIAL, RESIDENTIAL AND COMMERCIAL LANDSCAPING

V GOLF COURSE CONSTRUCTION V LARGE TREE MOVING

V TOP DRESSING MATERIALS PROCESSING AND SUPPLY

V INSTITUTIONAL LAWN MAINTENANCE

V ESTABLISHED 1949

963 EAST TWELFTH AVENUE . V ANCOUVER 10 . BRITISH COLUMBIA TELEPHONE 8 76- 646 8

WE SPECIALIZE IN ORNAMENT AL TREES -

ROSES AND FRUIT TREES

FOR THE WHOLESALE TRADE

v.

KRA US NURSERIES LIMITED CARLISLE, ONTARIO Phone (416) 689-4022

LAKESHORE NURSERIES 1937 - 1967 HOME GROWN ACCLIMATIZED PLANTS FOR PRAIRIE HOMES: FRUIT TREES, SHADE TREES, EVERGREENS, ORNAMENTAL SHRUBS, HEDGING, PERENNIAL FLOWERS, ETC.

SERVING PRAIRIE CANADA RETAIL TRADE FOR OVER 30 YEARS.

Telephone 382-2077

SASKATOON SASKATCHEWAN

LACOMBE NURSERIES LIMITED (250 Acres -

Established 1912)

Propagators and Growers of HARDY PRAIRIE GROWN VARIETIES EVERGREENS BUSH FRUITS -

TREES -

SHRUBS -

HEDGE PLANTS -

"56 Years of Growing

In

FRUIT TREES PERENNIALS

the Same Family"

(Wholesale - Retail)

Telephone 782-3015

P.o. Box 1480, lacombe, Alberta

ALPHA PLANTERS

•

• KNOWN FOR QUALITY 30 DIFFERENT SHAPES AND SIZES • VERSATILE AND PROFITABLE

Distributor for Quebec: S. VINCELlI & SONS Reg'd.

22 Mount Vernon, Ville St. Pierre, Quebec - Tel. 484-0768

KNECHT & BERCHTOLD

Plant: 32 Rutherford Rd., Brampton Office: 221 Main St. 5., Brampton Telephone : Toronto 677-1030; Brampton 451 -3905

PREMIER PEAT MOSS genuine sphagnum

•

•

Compressed Bales •

Packages

•

Spagmos Mulch

•

Bulk Packed Bags Potting Soil

PEP POTS/PEP STRIPS/PEP TRAYS Th e tran sp lanter pats made af lang fibre sphagnum peat moss.

The peat pots with the differences that count.

PREMIER PEAT MOSS PRODUCERS, LTD. Temiscouata Highway p.a . Box 337 Riyiere du loup, Pr~y . Que .

Tel. : UN . 2-6356 Sales Manager - Edward R. Bernay

Ontario Representative:

Quebec Representative: Philippe l. Decarie 5230 Claranald Aye . Montreal, Tel. : 514 484-7650

Lloyd J. Murray p.a . Box 162 Dundas, ant.

Tel.: 416 627- 1864

TOW ER

Pr~y .

Que.

LANDSCAPING LIMITED

327 UNWEll ROAD ST . CATHARINES, ONTARIO PHONE 934-3325

SALUTE TO CANADA

White Rose Nurseries Ltd. Presents SILVER STAR MAPLE (Reg. Trade Name)

Sterile Seedless Variefy Compact Pyramidal Growing Habits Beautifully Indented Disease Resistant Foliage

Wide Selection Of Specimen Shade Trees In All New and Well Established Varieties

WHITE ROSE NURSERIES LIMITED, UNIONVILLE, ONTARIO PHONE

(416) 297-1162

AILIBIEJRlrA NILJIRSIEIRIIIES

~ SIEIEIDS ILTID.,

~E~~WJ "'~ ~ Ijatute-" BOWDEN, ALBERTA, CANADA

"'kIe ,4u

'P~"

Yes, we are proud to have served the Canadian Public for a goodly portion of Canada's first one hundred years. During this year of celebtation it is with great pride that we look back and realize that our Nursery Stock has aided in the Beautification and Fruitfulness of this land from coast to coast.

It is our hope that, in Canada's second one hundred years, people from all walks of life will join with us in planning and planting to enable us to be even prouder.

"MAKE YOUR GARDEN YOUR CENTENNIAL PROJECT" CAT ALOG ON REQUEST

BRIlEBEID SOD SUPPL'Y LTD.

•• •

for the ~..t • • • SPECIFY

IIBRAEHEID BLUE SOD"

WATERDOWN 689-6625 EVERGREEN SOD SUPPLY (branch) HAMILTON JA 7-0541

H. N . ROBERTS, Gen. Mg r.

-

PRESTON 653-9152

Founded 1957

w.

B. BLACK, Pres.

BEDER TURF NURSERIES LIMITED FIRST in growing 200 acres of sod on peat loam.

FIRST in producing sod in rolls of more than 1 yard.

FIRST in offering sod grown on mineral soil or peat loam.

FIRST in vacuum cooling sod.

FIRST in shipping sod more than 1,300 miles.

BEETON, ONT. -

729-2921

TORONTO -

364-4928

Quality • Variety • Service

•

ANNABLE Wholesale Nursery Limited HIGHWAY NO. 7, UNIONVILLE 297-1231 WHOLESALE ONLY

•

Leo M. van Reisen & Company IM PORTERS AND DISTRIB UTORS OF Q UA LITY BULBS FO R GA RDEN C ENTRES

1073 FRANCONIA DRIVE, COOKSVILLE, ONTARIO, CANADA PHONE: (416) 279-1387

Contact Nick van Reisen for A ll Your Flower Requirements

1968 ALL-AMERICA AWARD WINNERS ALL 3, INTRO D UCT IONS OF T H E C ONARD-PYLE C O.

Miss All -Am erica n Beaut y (The H o use of Meilland) Pl ant Pat. 2625

Sca rlet Kni ght (The H o use of Mei ll and ) Pl ant Pat. 2692

G et ready , now, to rea p th e profi ts from one of th e greatest AIIAm erica R ose years, yet. T he All -Am erica Winners fo r 1968 are tru ly exceptional. There's Mi ss A ll -American Beauty . . . poss ib ly the fi nest new Hybrid Tea rose since th e Peace rose.

It's a breath taki ng pink . . . a bright, delightful new shade of pink ; Sca rlet Knight, a new Grandifto ra with tremendou fo rm and a rich , velvety, vibrant red colo r ; Europeana, an exceptional new F lorabu nda that has just about everything . . . excellent, deep, atiny- red colo r, fi ne fo rm , vigorous pl ant and produces tremendous clusters of bloom .

Pl aee your orders early for these 3, 1968 All-America Winner and other famous Star Roses.

R epresented in Canada by:

WILLl AM E. H ARTNOLL, 3047 Kirwin A venue, oo k vill e, Ontario .

TH E CONARD-PYLE CO. Furopea na (G . de Rui ter) Pl ant Pat. 2540

WEST G ROVE 200, PA . 19390 G rowers of Fam o LlS Star Roses

Congratulations to all Canadians on your lOath Anniversary. Our sincere thanks to our many customers who have bought from us in the past.

A cordial invitation to the trade to investigate us as a reliable supplier of nursery stock in lining out stock and larger grade.

Deciduous Shrubs Hedge Plants Ornamental and Shade Trees Tree seedlings Ground covers, creeping and climbing vines Nut Trees Fruit Trees Grape Vines

WRITE FOR OUR CATALOG, CALL US DAY OR NIGHT, OR COME TO SEE US PERSONALLY .

WARREN COUN TY NURSERY (WHOLESALE ONLY)

Route 2, Box 153A McMINNVILLE, TENNESSEE, 37110 Phone 668-8941 or 668-8004 (615)

LITTLE TREE FARM WEST ERN ON TARIO'S GARDEN CENTRE

460 SPRINGB ANK DRIVE, LONDON, ONT ARIO PHONE ( 519 ) 471-7890 SPECIA LIZING IN FAST SERVICE ON DUTCH NURSERY SQUARES TO THE TRA DE

Get everything you need from

ONE SOURCE It makes good sense to buy everything from one reputable source ... SUPE RIOR BULB. You get the guaranteed quality products at competitive prices . .. and your order is promptly fi lled and always delivered on time.

SUPERIOR STOCK S A COMPL ETE RANG E OF SEE DS - fl o wer and vege table seeds from wor ld-famo us growers.

BULBS Eas ter Li lies ; Sprin g and Fa ll bu lbs ; indoor growi ng bu lbs.

FREE! Write, pho ne o r wire for a copy of the new '68 Superior F lo ri st G uide Cata logue

C UTTlNGS C hrysanthemum , Ca rnation , G e ranium , Poi nse tti a.

PLANTS Cyclamen.

~1illW@ll1i@IP

Aza lea, H ydrangeas,

IlliDIill@

COMPANY LIMITED 11 55 Birc hview Dri ve .

Po rt

rectit , Ont ari o . C R. 8-5 201

CONTA IN E RS E rin " Pete" Pot , Pl astic Pots in a ll size ( ro un d and squ a re ), Pl anta Boxe A ll types of IN SECTIC ID ES mo kes, sprays, aerosols, du sts, fun gicides, damping-off controls, oi l d renches .

G R EEN H OU S E S & EQU IP M ENT - Fans, PVC and PIa ti cs, Superio r Gree nho uses.

Clematis ...

The most beautiful vtne of all FROM

JOHN EMMON

LIMITED

OPERATING A

BARRON 'S FLOWERS Located on No . 20 Highway in Fonthill

BOX 250 CALL

Us

FONTH ILL, ONTARIO COLLECT

THE TELEPHONE

Is

416-892-3244 OUR SAL ESM A N

Descriptive Price List On Request WHOLESALE TRADE ONLY

A COMPLETE PRINTING SERVICE Letterpress or Lithographv Pro cess Single or multi-color

··Over 50 years of craftsmanship exp en ence··

Northern Miner Press Limited 77 River Street Toronto 2, Canada ' Telephone 368-3481 Area Code 416

LOOKING FOR QUALITY STOCK .

CALL ANDRE WART

representing W. DE JONG & SONS, Boskoop, Holland.

IMPERIAL NURSERIES, East Hartford, U.S.A. BROOKDALE-KINGSWA Y LTD. Bowmanville, Onto HOLLANDIA NURSERY, Victoria, B.C. Contact us at COTEAU DU LAC. QUE.

Code 514 - 763-5727 P.O. Box 100

BEST WISHES TO THE NURSERY TRADES ON CANADA/S 100th BIRTHDAY

HORTICULTURAL PRODUCTS LTD. 32 PATTERSON AVENUE TORONTO, ONTARIO Phone 694-5388 or 699-2200

Roses Fruits Bulbs Ornamentals 150 acres cultivated EDDIE'S NURSERIES SINCE

1922

VANCOUVER 13, B.C. Growers of Fine Pot Plants Geraniums, Begonias, Tropical Plants in Quantity

TIMM ENTERPRISES OAKYILLE, ONTARIO PHONE AREA CODE

416-822-2181

YOUR SUPPLY HEADQUARTERS SERVING THE GROWER INDUSTRY

RESIDENTIAL AND INDUSTRIAL LANDSCAPING AND MAINTENANCE

A Complete Line of Garden Supplies

GROBE NURSERY LTD. EST'D 1961

PHONE 648-2581 R .R . #2 , BRESLAU, ONTARIO

Pine haven Nurseries congratulates those members of the Canadian Nursery Trades Association who have as usual worked hard to create for our industry a Centennial Issue of which we may be proud. May it encourage others to work together for the advancement of our industry.

Pinehaven Nurseries also wishes to remind garden centre operators that Cocoa Bean Shells is the mulch of the Future. Cocoa Bean Shells are available from the following distributors.

EWALD'S HIGHWAY NURSERIES

R.R. #2, Branchton, Ontario ROBERT NIELSEN & SON NURSERIES LIMITED 2667 Lakeshore Highway East Oakville , Ontario

MORI NURSERIES LIMITED R.R . #2 , Niagara-on-the-Lake, YORK NURSERY LIMITED

Ontario

R.R . #4

Kitchener, Ontario

PINEHAVEN NURSERIES 475 UPPER MIDDLE ROAD , COOKSVILLE, ONTARIO