I N T E R N AT I O N A L
PRIMARY SCIENCE
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Workbook 4
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Contents Topic 1 Humans and animals Does it have a bony skeleton? Which animal is this? My skeleton Bones and joints Investigate the size of bones Making and testing a model of a bone Protective gear Using our muscles How muscles work What type of medicine? Plants in medicine
Topic 3 States of matter 1 2 3 4 5 7 9 10 11 12 13
Topic 2 Living things in their environment Animals and their habitats The giraffe An animal in a cold climate A pond habitat Investigating habitats around our school Identifying owls Using a key Industrial waste Water pollution Reduce, reuse and recycle
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Investigating solids, liquids and gases Where does it fit? Modelling the water cycle Whose ice cube melted the fastest? Which melted first? Freezing materials Heating or cooling? Evaporation experiment Observing condensation Changes of state
27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
Topic 4 Sound Sound survey Plastic tube drum Investigating how sound travels through air Using a sound meter to record sounds Investigating how sound levels change The decibel scale Sound level meters The string telephone How does sound travel through liquid? Ear protection Ranking materials
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Soundproofing investigation Noise problems Modelling musical instruments Different types of instruments Changing vibrations Sound wordsearch Straw whistles Consolidation
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Topic 5 Electricity and magnetism Circuits More circuits My circuits Troubleshooting circuits Investigate changing wire length in a circuit Find the break
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Checking for broken wires Modelling electric current Talking electricity Are the poles of a magnet equally strong? Magnetic forces What will happen? Magnetic or non-magnetic? Are coins magnetic? Sorting metals Recycling cans What I know about electricity and magnets
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Topic
1
Humans and animals Student’s Book p 2
Does it have a bony skeleton?
1.1 Animal skeletons
Write the name of each animal in the correct column in the table. No skeleton
Bony internal skeleton
jellyfish
frog
woodlouse
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Hard external skeleton
lizard
spider
clam
crab
bird
horse
fish
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Humans and animals Student’s Book p 2
Which animal is this?
1.1 Animal skeletons
1 Nora and Patience visited the museum and saw these animal skeletons. What types of animals have bony skeletons like these?
2 Write the names below the skeletons.
2
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Topic
1
Humans and animals Student’s Book p 4
My skeleton
1.2 Your skeleton
This is a human skeleton.
1 Label the bones on the diagram using the words in the box. skull collarbone ribs backbone shoulder blade hip bone thigh bone shinbone kneecap forearm elbow 2 Add the names of any other bones that you know. 3
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Humans and animals Student’s Book p 4
Bones and joints
1.2 Your skeleton
1 What three important jobs does your skeleton do?
2 What do you call the place where two bones connect?
3 Draw lines from Column A to Column B to show which bones are connected to each other. Column A
Column B
wrist
kneecap
thigh
jawbone
skull
hand
foot
upper arm bones
ankle
finger bones
wrist bones
toe bones
shoulder blade
foot
backbone
ribs
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Topic
Humans and animals Student’s Book p 6
Investigate the size of bones 1 Use the table to record your measurements.
Name of student
Height
1.3 Growing bones
You will need ● a tape measure
Length Length Circumference of leg of arm of head
2 Use your measurements to draw four graphs comparing the different measurements.
Length of leg
Height in cm
Length of leg in cm
Height
Name of student
Name of student continued
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Topic
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Humans and animals
Head circumference
Length of arm in cm
Circumference in cm
Length of arm
Name of student
Name of student
3 Answer these questions about your investigation. a Which student is tallest?
b Does the tallest student have the longest leg length?
c Does the shortest student have the shortest arm length?
d Who has the greatest head circumference?
e What does your investigation suggest about height and bone size? 6
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Humans and animals Student’s Book p 8
Making and testing a model of a bone 1 Your task is to make a model of a thigh bone that is light but strong. You must use your knowledge of bones to help you.
1.4 Functions of the skeleton
You will need ● paper and sticky tape
Discuss how you will make your model thigh bone with your group and then make the model. 2 Draw your model bone here.
continued
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Humans and animals
3 Describe how you made your model.
4 What did you do to try to make it strong?
5 What weight did your model support?
6 Was another group’s model stronger?
7 Why did the strongest model work so well?
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Humans and animals Student’s Book p 10
Protective gear
1.5 Protecting your organs
1 List the sports in which the participants wear protective equipment. What equipment do they wear? Sport
Protective equipment used
2 Draw the protective equipment you have chosen here:
3 In what ways does this equipment protect the body?
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Topic
Humans and animals Student’s Book p 12
Using our muscles
1.6 Muscles
1 Label each muscle group. Choose the labels from the box. jaw muscle shoulder muscles chest muscles upper arm muscles stomach muscles forearm muscles thigh muscles calf muscles 2 What muscle groups do you mainly use to do each of these activities? Opening a door: Brushing your teeth: Kicking a ball: Walking: Drinking a glass of water: Chewing gum: Crouching down: Walking up a hill: 10
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Humans and animals Student’s Book p 14
How muscles work
1.7 Moving your bones
1 The diagram shows an arm in two different positions. One upper arm muscle is shown in each position. Draw and label the other arm muscle to show what it is doing when the arm is in each position.
2 Explain why our muscles need to work in pairs to allow movement at a joint.
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Humans and animals Student’s Book p 18
What type of medicine?
1.9 Drugs and medicines
Look at the drawings. For each one, describe what type of medicine it might be and what it might be used for. 1 2 3
4
5
6
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Humans and animals Student’s Book p 20
Plants in medicine
1.10 Different medicines
Choose two plants to research from this list: cat’s claw (Uncaria tomentosa), senna, jojoba, cinchona tree, foxglove. Plant 1 is Draw a picture of the plant.
Where is the plant found?
What is the plant used for?
Plant 2 is Draw a picture of the plant.
Where is the plant found?
What is the plant used for?
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