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Table of Figures
from Global Perspectives on Megatrends by Berthold M. Kuhn with Dimitrios L. Margellos (introduction)
Chapter 1: How to Identify Global Megatrends
Figure 1.1: Pentagon Model of Megatrends 27
Chapter 2: Who Shapes the Future?
Figure 2.1: SITRA’s Megatrends 43 Figure 2.2: The Roland Berger Trend Compendium 45
Chapter 3: Climate Action and Sustainability
Figure 3.1: The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals 59 Figure 3.2: Total Primary Energy Demand in China in the Announced Pledges Scenario (APS), 1980–2060 66 Figure 3.3: Categories of the Climate Change Performance Index (CCPI) 68
Chapter 4: Digitalization
Figure 4.1: Volume of Data/Information Created, Captured, Copied, and Consumed Worldwide from 2010 to 2025 (in Zettabytes) 95 Figure 4.2: Mobile Payment User Share 2021, % of Smartphone Users (2021) 101 Figure 4.3: Market Share of Mobile vs. Non-Mobile Payments in China (2018) 102
Chapter 5: Inequality
Figure 5.1: The Elephant Curve: Average Annual Wealth Growth Rate, 1995–2021 126
Figure 5.2: Inequality of Market/Disposable Income in Relation to the Gini Coefficient 143 Figure 5.3: Mean Top Rates of Income and Inheritance Taxes in 20 countries and Trade Union Density in Ten Countries, 1890–2010 (percent) 144
Figure 5.4: Bottom 50 Percent, Middle 40 Percent and Top 10 Percent Income Shares Across the World in 2022 145 Figure 5.5: Top 10 Percent of Income/Gini Coefficient-Share Unionized 150 Figure 5.6: Development of Wage Inequality in Germany 155
Chapter 6: Demography
Figure 6.1: Countries with more than 150 million people by 2030 165 Figure 6.2: Europe’s Total Population 166 Figure 6.3: Countries or Areas with the Largest Percentage Point Increase in the Share of Older Persons Aged 65 Years or Over Between 2019 and 2050 169
Chapter 7: Urbanization and Smart Cities
Figure 7.1: Urbanization over the Past 500 Years, 1500 to 2016 176
Chapter 8: Health and Nutrition
Figure 8.1: Confirmed COVID-19 Infections by Region 202
Chapter 9: Green Economy
Figure 9.1: Green Growth Index Framework 232
Chapter 10: Sustainable Finance
Figure 10.1: Green Finance Publications and Annual Absolute Growth of Green Finance Publications, 1990–2020. 235
Figure 10.2: U.S. Dollar Value of Social, Sustainability and Green Bond Issuances 2015–2020. 242
Chapter 11: Democracy and Governance Innovations
Figure 11.1: Democracies and Autocracies 262
Chapter 12: Multipolar World Order and the Future of Multilateralism
Figure 12.1: Percentage of Global GDP 1820–2012 282
Chapter 13: Civilizational Developments
Figure 13.1: Number of Marriages in Each Year per 1,000 People in the Population 318 Figure 13.2: Gender Equality Index 2021 323
Chapter 14: Migration
Figure 14.1: Total Number of International Migrants at Mid-Year 2020 334 Figure 14.2: Origins and Destinations of International Migrants in 2019 (in percent) 334
