Programme Development and Implementation Strategy by CORAF/WECARD

Extension/NGOs (1) Innovative in building partnership with private sector and farmer organizations (2) Capacity strengthening and provision of market information, standards and linkage, group animation, (3) Source of useful national information, data and policy RECs/Market institutions (ECOWAS, UEAMOA, CEEAC, CEMAC, CILSS, IFDC, CMA/AOC (1) Offer sub-regional policy, harmonised rules and regulations in the promotion of technologies, (2) linkages to market information Projects and Programmes (AGRA, WASA, AFSTA, AAFT, etc) (1) Provision of linkages to services (2) promotion of technologies and agri-input usage, (2) Capacity strengthening,

Project Development and Implementation Process

Monitoring and Evaluation

Participatory diagnoses ( constraints, needs and opportunities) and development of interventions

Baseline (status and opportunities)

Partnerships platforms, networking

Technology Generation, dissemination and adoption

Environmental sustainability and gender considerations

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Ensuring stakeholder consultative processes in problem diagnoses in identifying constraints, needs and opportunities and in developing intervention in improving crop productivity, competitiveness and access to markets, Analysing baseline information in determining current technological and socio-economic status of target groups, specific opportunities and bases for measuring impact, Developing partnerships, establishing innovation platforms and networking systems in facilitating technology development and adoption Generating and disseminating appropriate technologies and continued refining technologies/innovations from feedbacks from project implementation Strengthening technical and organizational capacity of stakeholders, particularly, target groups in enhancing their roles as effective players in innovations systems Facilitating linkages to agri-inputs, credit and market in enhancing adoption of technologies Demonstrating socio-economic advantages of improved technology/innovation systems to sustain stakeholder interest Addressing negative environmental effects and targeting women, particularly in areas of comparative advantage in the value chain Identifying and using appropriate result dissemination pathways (training manuals, websites, brochures, fact sheets, radio/TV programmes, open forums, drama, exchange visits, farmer-farmer Ensuring effective supervision, monitoring and evaluation

Promotion of integrated crop management technologies to improve plantain productivity of small-holder farmers (Cameroon, DR Congo, Congo, Benin, Togo and Ghana)

Improving seed systems in cereals and legumes) in West and Central Africa (Mali, Burkina Faso, Ghana and Cameroon)

Promotion of post-harvest technologies in the storage and processing of maize and cowpea to reduce losses and to improve market quality in WCA (Senegal, Niger, Guinea and Cameroon)

Conclusions

Dissemination pathways (farmer-farmer; village for a, electronic and print media and materials)

Project development and Implementation process

Improving post-harvest quality of rice, sorghum/millet and cassava products to enhance marketability in West Africa (Nigeria, Ghana, Togo, Benin, Senegal, Mali, Burkina Faso, Niger and Liberia)

Linkages to services and markets

Technical and organizational capacity strengthening

Participatory experimentation and demonstration (technical and economic)

Ongoing projects Commissioned projects

Competitive projects

Promotion of Striga-resistant sorghum varieties to mitigate food crises in the Sahelian zone (Senegal, Mali, Northern Nigeria and Burkina Faso)

Improving maize productivity and its dissemination through the promotion of integrated management technologies in the Savannah zone of Cameroon, Nigeria and Chad

Promotion of improved yam Minisett technology in improving yam productivity in Ghana, Nigeria, Togo and Benin

Enhancing cowpea productivity and income for sustainable livelihood of resource-poor farmers (Mali, Burkina Faso, Sierra Leone, Benin and Ghana)

The approaches and mechanisms in this strategy facilitate active and holistic involvement of stakeholders, particularly farmers, women processors, the private sector and research organizations in the light of the IAR4D paradigm, which is a clear indication of stakeholder commitment in the new approach in the generation, dissemination and adoption of technology and innovation. Through project implementation, target groups are increasingly having their capacities strengthened, gaining more access to technology and innovation, as well as to new knowledge and options for improving productivity, competitiveness and market access of important staple crops. Thus, the strategy is expected to transform beneficiaries into food secure, knowledgeable and prosperous individuals and communities.

Acronyms ACMV AfricaRice AFSTA AGRA CARBAP CBB CGIAR CILSS CIRAD

Africa Cassava Mosaic Virus Africa Rice Centre Africa Seed Trade Association Alliance for green revolution in africa Centre Africain de Recherches en Bananiers et Plantains Cassava Bacteria Blight Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research Comité Permanent Inter - Etats de Lutte Contre la Sécheresse dans le Sahel Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement CERAAS Centre d’Etudes Régionales pour l’Amélioration de l’Adaptation à la Sécheresse CORAF/WECARD Conseil Ouest et Centre Africain pour la Recherche et le Développement Agricoles/ West and Central African Council for Agricultural Research and Development FAAP Framework for African Agricultural Productivity IAR4D Integrated Agricultural Research for Development ICRISAT International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics IFPRI International Food Policy Research Institute IITA International Institute of Tropical Agriculture IWMI International Water Management Institute M&E Monitoring and Evaluation NARI National Agricultural Research Institute NARS National Agricultural Research System NGO Non-Governmental Organisation or Organisations QPM Quality Protein Maize REC Regional Economic Community or Communities WASA West Africa Seed Alliance

Demographic and social vulnerability

Critical areas for redress

Thematic areas of interventions

1. WCA is inhabited by 318 people, with rapid population growth of 3.1%, twice global average. 2. While 60-70% depend on agriculture, 50-60% live on less than $1 a day. 3. Widespread hunger and malnutrition are common and access to technology is limited

Partnership and Capacity

Technology

Markets

Policy

Regulatory systems

Effect of climate change

Effective partnership at national and sub-regional levels

Generation and promotion of productivity enhancing technologies (ISFM, NRM, IPM, soil water management) post-harvest, processing.

Quality control and certification systems to support producers and private sector in adopting good agric. practices (GAPs)

Functional policy to support the growth of the private sector (input-output & processing enterprises)

Innovations to remove barriers to trade (bank transactions, border, in-country, linguistic, currency)

Germplasm that meet expectation of producers, processors, exporters, consumers made available through functional variety release system.

Promotion of harmonised market information systems and data collection for actors to make informed choices

Innovations to curb unfair competition between imported and locally produced cereals, with reformed policies to support local initiatives

1. Africa is warming up at about 0.05°C per decade. 2. In the Sahel, rainfall has decreased by 20-40% in past 30 years with 9-10 months dry season in a year 3. Frequent dry spells and floods during the growing season have become common

Vulnerability to food insecurity High risk of food insecurity and low capacity to mitigate food insecurity Stagnation of agricultural productivity over the past 40 years

Innovative and improved credit delivery system

Objective Broad-based productivity, competitiveness and markets sustainably improved in West and Central Africa for staple crops.

Needs (% Responses) of Producers Zone sahélienne de l'Afrique de l'Ouest Zone côtière de l'Afrique de l'Ouest Zone de l'Afrique Centrale

Needs (% Responses) of Processors Response (%)

16 14 12 10 8 6

High

Empowered producer and processor groups to enhance knowledge, skills and group management capacities

Widespread and cost-effective use of appropriate inputs through group linkages to input/credit

Stabilised prices of produce through improved storage and longer term credits.

Innovative marketing systems for grains, particularly groundnuts in the Sahel

Strengthen sub-regional capacity to implement harmonised rules, standards and regulations

Support to key NGOs for long-term projects and to expand scope. Encourage NGO Research-Private sector linkages.

Facilitate fabrication and acquisition of adaptive equipment (field, shelling, cleaning, processing)

Improved quality and year-round supply of raw material and storage systems

Curbing embargo on recruitment of scientists

Strong producer, processors and exporter capacities in trade standards, rules and regulations.

Improved farmerextension ratio, NGO-ResearchPrivate sector linkages to improve access to technology, market and credit.

Uninterrupted supply of breeder and foundation seeds of priority varieties

Promotions and utilisation of certified seeds and fertiliser, bringing distribution centres closer to producing communities

Solutions to power and water outages to improve private sector performance.

Research capacity (human, equipment, logistics) strengthened

Acquisition of vital farm machinery and equipment for land preparation, irrigation, post-harvest activities

Tax exception on imported machinery and equipment

Functional agri-businesses in roots, tubers and plantain together with orthodox seeds.

Private sector – policy support and linkages to public sector institutions

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Potential economic contribution during the next 10 years Cassava Yam Rice Maize Sorghum

4.7 billion 1.8 billion 6.8 billion 2.5 billion, 2.4 billion

Millet 1.6 billion Cowpea 380 million Groundnut 3.4 billion Plantain Total 23.68 billion

Low

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Needs (% Response) Agri-input enterprises Credit Market Capacity strengthening Policy

Breeder & found’n seeds Processing equipment Seed prod’n t’nology New germplasm

Promotion of existing rules, regulations for cross-border trade in grains and seeds under the treaties of the RECs

Improved linkages of emerging entrepreneurs to sub-regional and export markets

Theme

Intervention

1. Agricultural productivity enhancement

Develop and promote new stress-tolerant genetic materials, ISFM, IPM, NRM; involvement of more countries, particularly Central Africa

2. Agricultural inputs promotion

Promote seed entrepreneurship development; community-seed multiplication, capacity building; quality control; breeder, foundation and certified seed supply; variety releases, cataloguing; increased use of appropriate fertilisers

3. Promotion of post harvest technologies

Promote food storage technologies, diversification of processed products, conditioning, packaging, labelling and marketing)

4. Strengthening capacities of producers, processers, input organization and researchers

Strengthen capacity of civil society – in association and group management, technical skills, access to inputs, credit and market). using projects to train scientists through their theses research

5. Accelerated promotion of regional harmonisation/integration systems

Promote harmonised regulations in trade and seed and germplasm exchanges

Mobilize resources (human and financial); develop partnership; need to implement new projects to address gaps, up-scale and out-scale success stories; Improving networking with stakeholders

Opportunities offered by Organisations CORAF/WECARD Programmes Technologies/innovations and synergies from programmes: (1) Livestock, Aqua-culture and fisheries; (2) Staple Crops (3) Non-staple crops; (4) Natural Resource Management; (5) Biotechnology and bio-safety, (6) Policy, market and trade; (7) Knowledge management; (8) Capacity strengthening Research Institutions (in general) 1) Sources of adaptive technologies (2) Experience in sub-regional agricultural systems, partnerships and linkages, (3) Services in documentation and laboratory analyses (4) Expertise for capacity strengthening NARIs (1) Critical mass (scientists) for research (2) Adaptive technologies (crop varieties; farming systems; socio-economics, NRM), documentation and publication; (3) linkages to national stakeholders (4) In-depth knowledge in the national systems, (5) capacity to train target groups; (6) linkages with the CGIAR in technology development. CGIAR and Base Centres AfricaRice: (1) NERICA (upland and lowland) tolerant to multiple stresses, (2) Rice varieties tolerant to RYMV, soil salinity/acidity, (3) Lowland cropping systems, (4) Grain quality improvement IITA : (1) Multi-purpose cassava varieties resistance to the ACMV and CBB, (2) Yam varieties resistance to virus, (3) Maize varieties bio-fortified (Zn, Fe, Amino Acids-QPM) and resistant to stresses, (4) Legume (cowpea/soybean) varieties, (5) Post-harvest technologies. ICRISAT: (1) Sorghum OPVs & hybrids and millet, (2) Striga-tolerant sorghum, (3) Groundnut resistant to the rosette virus and other pests IFPRI: Food policy and market analyses IWMI: Soil water management and small scale irrigation systems development BIOVERSITY: Strategic reserve and conservation of germplasm CIRAD: (1) Advanced laboratories; (2) Expertise in basic research, (3) Strong link with Francophone NARIs CARBAP: Plantain and banana (for local and export markets) CERAAS: Sorghum, millet, groundnut and cowpea adaptation to dry conditions Farmer organisations (1) Grouping/associations facilitate partnership, linkages, technology transfer and lobbying, (2) Indigenous knowledge, (3) On-farm experimental fields and management; Private Sector Processors and traders (1) Creating and diversifying markets, (2) Reducing post-harvest losses, (3) Facilitate sub-regional food distribution Equipment Fabricators: (1) Fabrication of processing equipment, ( in baseline reports on rice, cassava and sorghum/millet processing in the process of publishing) Agric-input organizations: (1) Promotion of new germplasm, (2) Promotion of harmonized rules, regulations, standards, variety release and cataloguing systems, (3)Certification systems in some countries, (4) Existence input entrepreneurs and companies with linkages to WASA, AFSTA, IFDC and AGRA