INSIDE BEYOND WORDS page 4 LESTER SEAL page 10 BARREL MAKING page 11 BIKE RACERS page 13 HOT DOGS page 20
SEPTEMBER 2015 VOL. 10, NO. 4
The County’s Rising Water Programs
DO IT YOUR WAY page 21 MATTHEWS page 22
By Dirk Nies
GMO TESTS page 24 NEW BREWS page 25 PASTA A LA NORMA pages 26 BEACH PLANTS page 28 WEATHER CHART page 30 NATURAL KILLER page 31 COPY LAW page 32 YESTERYEAR page 33 FLEAS page 34 GET IN SYNC page 37 MYTHS OF SCIENCE page 38 ME, MYSELF & I page 39
Brewing equipment was delivered to Crozet’s newest craft brewery in August. See story page 25.
Advisory Committee Reviews New Block Plan for Barnes Lumber The Crozet Community Advisory Committee was introduced to a block development plan for the former Barnes Lumber company property at its meeting August 19 and responded with a rare spontaneous round of applause as plan architect Warren Byrd ended his presentation. White Hall residents Byrd and his wife Susan Nelson, also an architect, drafted the plan to demonstrate how the community’s goals, as defined in the Crozet Master Plan and the Downtown Crozet District, a special
By Jerry Reid jerry@crozetgazette.com
CROSSWORD page 42
Riding up I-81 from Crozet last Friday, heading for an away opener, the tug of Friday Night Lights was palpable. This was the beginning of high school fall sports, and Western Albemarle’s Warriors were going visiting. Broadway is down the Valley, near Harrisonburg, and on a waning sum-
BIG CHECK page 44 WINNERS page 45
continued on page 14
continued on page 6
WAHS Football Steamrolls Broadway, 55-14
THE PLAGUE page 40
SK8CROZET page 43
zoning area, can be realized in a design for the 20-acre lumberyard parcel. Now retired, they were both on the architecture faculty at the University of Virginia. They also ran a design firm in Charlottesville, then called Nelson Byrd Landscape Architects and now known as Nelson Byrd Woltz, for Thomas Woltz, who took over leadership of the practice. Their firm was selected by Albemarle County as the consultant for the development of the foundational
Albemarle County is blessed with abundant, fresh water flowing through its 2,360 miles of streams and rivers. Alterations of the landscape and intensive land use have diminished their water quality, especially in highly urbanized areas. Much remedial work has been done in recent years to improve the health of these surface waters. Nevertheless, significant impairment of County water resources continues, with adverse effects that may be felt downstream as far away as the Chesapeake Bay. Albemarle County’s Department of Water Resource Management is charged with overseeing the County’s surface and groundwater resources, protecting and restoring stream corridors, and generally preserving the integrity of our natural environment. Program costs for water use planning, land use regulation, capital projects,
mer night, it was home to a perfect jewel of small town gridirons. Before the lights were lit and the National Anthem performed by the Gobblers’ band, though, the trek to the field meant treading on painted turkey paws spread all over the concrete. Hot dogs and hamburgers were heating up on the concession stand grill, and the home crowd was happily tailgating. Filtering into the stands, they were continued on page 45
Nitrogen load map in the Chesapeake Bay watershed. Red area indicates highest effectiveness.
2
CROZETgazette
SEPTEMBER 2015
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CROZETgazette
SEPTEMBER 2015
From the Editor Thanks for the Pictures An old adage says that a picture is worth a thousand words, and the truth of that has come home in the redevelopment of the Barnes Lumber Company property in downtown Crozet. The project will require a rezoning to proceed, and presumably that means a plan the public can get behind. Project designers have been asking what it is Crozet citizens want to see there. For the last year and a half, through their representatives on the Crozet Community Advisory Committee and at mass town meetings, the people have tried to describe what their vision is. But so far the pictures that have responded to their words are met with, “No, that’s not it.” One of Crozet’s special traits is its spirit of volunteerism and the readiness of Crozetians to stand up and work for the future they want. Retired architects Susan Nelson and Warren Byrd, who have the expertise needed and a unique background with the Crozet Master
Plan, have realized the community’s vision in a plan they presented to the CCAC at its August meeting and which readers can study on pages 6-10. Straightforward, simple in an elegant way, and seeming to emerge from the environment around it, their plan has the quality of appearing to be what was always meant to be there. It incorporates all the design goals of the town—a plan that addresses traffic in downtown, that offers a town square and maximizes available green space while not sacrificing the development potential that hopefully will bring jobs to town—and all the while putting people before cars. This is what our vision of downtown is and we can say yes to it. The Gazette, presuming to speak on behalf of the town, offers its sincere thanks to Byrd and Nelson for their great generosity as citizens in offering us this picture and for lifting our hope that our historic town center will live on with a vibrant heartbeat. How to Save the Bay? Another special thanks goes
to Dirk Nies, the Gazette’s science-explainer, for his investigation of the county’s mandated obligations to help reduce excess nutrient and sediment flow to the Chesapeake Bay, which is gradually being smothered. Like all problems where dozens of vectors are in play, the situation is not simple and the remedial costs appear huge. Albemarle’s role in Bay pollution is negligible—roughly two to three percent of the problem starts with us—compared to what data shows about the sources of trouble in the upper Bay and in the densely urbanized areas that have grown up around Washington and particularly Baltimore. County officials are on the verge of imposing noticeably higher property tax rates or introducing new fee structures to provide the money for stream protection projects. They should pause now and reassess their plans. Current local efforts at stream improvement are showing progress and future projects should be targeted to produce truly meaningful results. Even if every drop continued on page 27
To the Editor Send your letters to the editor to news@crozetgazette.com. Letters will not be printed anonymously. Letters do not necessarily reflect the opinions of the Crozet Gazette.
Dear Crozet Friends and Neighbors: We are writing to thank you for your enthusiastic support of our small town tradition, our annual Crozet Independence Day parade, celebration, and fireworks show on July 5. Because of your generous support, we raised money to help defray the cost of the Crozet Volunteer Fire Department’s new electronic sign, which will provide community safety notices and event updates. We are also able to make generous donations to Crozet Park and several other civic groups in our community. Many deserve thanks and recognition for their contributions to the success of this event. Prime among them are those who donated to the Fireworks Fund to help cover the cost of our wonderful fireworks show. continued on page 27
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CROZETgazette
SEPTEMBER 2015
Block Plan
—continued from page 1
Crozet Master Plan that was adopted in 2004. The firm developed an international reputation for sustainable design and among its numerous projects was the design of the 9/11 memorial park at Shanksville, Pennsylvania. Byrd received the American Society of Landscape Architecture’s Medal, its top honor, in 2013. Woltz, who was also involved in the creation of the Crozet Master Plan and is now working on the Hudson Yard project in Manhattan, among several others, was named Design Innovator of the Year by The Wall Street Journal in 2013. Neither Byrd nor Nelson had attended the community meetings in May and June where the public laid out its goals for the parcel—an effective road system, a town plaza or park and the incorporation of as much green space as possible. But they read the Gazette’s coverage of those and studied the three draft plans the public had been shown to react to at the second meeting. Byrd said Nelson had promptly put tracing paper over one of them and began drawing. The plan shown to the CCAC had the public meetings’ Plan B, so-called ‘grid plan,’ still peeking out underneath. They had used it as baseline to ensure that they were consistent with the amount of building footprint assumed in the earlier plans. “This plan that I worked on is just a contribution that we are making as caring citizens,” said Byrd as he began. “We think we can tweak some things and make this a better plan. Hopefully this is not stepping on anyone’s toes but contributing to the design project. “We shifted things. Connectivity is primary. We looked at a system of blocks and street and open spaces. We looked at existing patterns. We repeat the existing block system. We run High Street through.” The baseline dimensions for a block were taken from the existing block between Library Avenue and The Square and when this block is repeated, it conforms with the location of High Street. This is not likely to be a coincidence, but was forethought in how those streets
were first laid out. “I feel we’re paying homage to the existing Square,” said Byrd. “I think it supports or reinforces what’s there.” It adds to the commercial concentration on the west end of the parcel. Byrd said he imagined a “gradation” in the intensity of mixed use as the development moves east to reach the neighborhood of Parkside Village. Byrd said the plan assumes mixed-use development with buildings on the scale of what presently exists in downtown. The plaza/park area shown in the other versions as near The Square, they brought east to line up with High Street and gave it a new appellation as a town square. The new square, about one acre, is the largest
proposed in any plan so far. Byrd said it would be about three-quarters of the size of Lee Park in Charlottesville. “The park would be used intermittently during the day and for special events would be used as a gathering space. It could be as simple or complicated as you want. We think it’s mostly trees and lawn. It doesn’t have to be expensive. It’s not a complicated proposal.” The plan shows what Byrd described as three or four sites for prominent buildings that would look out on the new square. “The blocks grow organically from the west and the east,” he said. “This framework, in our minds, makes the most sense. It’s pretty straightforward. What
we’re trying to do is encourage people to walk.” Earlier plans have imagined Library Avenue making a dogleg turn north to connect to a new street that would parallel the railroad tracks, but in the Nelson Byrd plan Library Avenue becomes one of two primary roads in downtown and runs straight to a direct connection with Hilltop Street. A second street is shown paralleling the railroad track, and aside from a jog designed to slow traffic near the new park, is essentially an extension of the street that connects The Square to Crozet Avenue. Byrd named it “center street” for the sake of the plan. These two primary east-west streets are connected by six new north-south streets.
CROZETgazette
SEPTEMBER 2015
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are drawn to allow parallel parking on both sides. Byrd’s plan shows the storm water basin in the property’s southeast corner developed into a landscaped series of small ponds with a pathway through it leading toward Claudius Crozet Park. “The storm water park is a huge opportunity to connect to [Crozet] park,’ he stressed. Part of that connection is property belonging to Parkside Village. Byrd said his plan actually increases the amount of parking over what had been shown in previous plans. Lumberyard developer Frank Stoner of Milestone Partners watched the presentation and asked Byrd about parking. “It’s
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Center street includes a long green space that runs the length of the road and touches the new square/park at its west end. Byrd calls it “center street green.” It essentially creates a loop pedestrian route around the new blocks. Conforming to the DCD zoning, Byrd’s plan shows relegated parking, meaning parking in lots behind the buildings that face the primary streets. These long east-west lots interconnect and increase opportunities for circulation. The lots are shown as landscaped with shady walkways to the primary streets. Byrd said the roads are shown as 36-feet wide, enough for parking on both sides, or on one side if bike lanes were added. He said the north-south streets
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CROZETgazette
SEPTEMBER 2015
Block Plan
—continued from page 7
a huge issue,” said Stoner. “The economics of Crozet do not support structured parking [a garage]. Our plan is underparked by 300-400-500 spaces.” “You are aiming at creating an intimate space and slowing things down,” answered Byrd. “We worked with what we saw in the plan. We have more in
our plan but not 400 or 500 more spaces.” Byrd said that where it’s possible to put parking under a building it should be considered. “Fight the system,” Byrd added. “There will be an inherent conflict between walkable spaces and areas focused on commercial development and parking. This plan is going to grow somewhat organically from west to east. I think you have to fight that normative
suburban ratio of parking to commercial space in order for it to be a vibrant area.” The DCD has a relatively light parking requirement of only one space per 1,000 square feet of commercial area, on the assumption that shoppers are walking and not moving their cars to reach different stores. Stoner challenged Byrd’s connection of Library Avenue to Hilltop Street, saying he doubted the county would
approve it because of the stream setback requirements. “A master plan should be adaptable, and you can challenge it if it’s not working,” Byrd said. “Here I am challenging the very master plan we were involved in creating. I think as things change through time, the plan should be adapted.” The stream setbacks, however, are not imposed by the master plan, but separate ordi-
CROZETgazette nances. Still, reductions in setbacks have been allowed where they can be justified. The Crozet Master Plan tried to allow for flexibility and reviews are built in on a fiveyear schedule. The community’s months-long review of the plan in 2010 resulted in a greater homogenization of residential densities and a consolidation of commercial areas based on how the public saw the plan perform after it was put into action. The
SEPTEMBER 2015 DCD also includes waiver procedures that are designed to apply common sense where exceptional circumstances occur. Stoner told the CCAC that he has been working with the Virginia Department of Transportation—which looked at all three designs shown at the community meetings—as well as transportation and economic development consultants. continued on page 23
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CROZETgazette
SEPTEMBER 2015
Lester Seal and the Lands of Ainur band. Photo by Christian Paymar .
Local Musician Hits the Stage at Fridays After Five By R. Caitlin Gibson Lester Seal first performed at the nTelos Wireless Pavilion over nine years ago, and returned August 7 for Fridays After Five in downtown Charlottesville with his band, Lester Seal and the Lands of Ainur. As they took their places and struck the first notes to David Bowie’s song “Fame,” those in the audience were fast on their feet, dancing and smiling in front of the velvet and flower-dressed platform with little children squealing and chasing rogue balloons. Everyone was delighted in the affable atmosphere. You may have seen Lester running around the small village of Crozet, greeting you as you go by, immersed in a game of chess at the Mudhouse, singing and playing guitar, or painting on the side of the road, living a lifestyle that is as unique and diverse as the music he creates. His musical style is as equally broad and spectacular in the way he blends soul, jazz, funk and rock with a Caribbean vibe. Lester’s lyrics encourage beauty of the heart with a simplicity and love inspired by the
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quiet hum of the Blue Ridge Valley and the exotic terrain of Costa Rica. As the audience listened to his songs, they learned the struggles and realizations of Lester’s journey, which echo their own contemplations and obstacles. Likewise, the band members contributed their own experience to the music, interweaving it with such gusto that when the melodies rained down, they were filled with an energy that provoked them to get up and move, or even paint, as the artist Chicho Lorenzo expressed himself during the show, onstage with the band. At the end of the performance, Lester Seal joined the audience in a mass group hug. At that moment, you were not just enjoying a performance, but were a part of something bigger; you were a part of a family, sharing in an experience that left us thirsty for more. Quench that desire by catching his funk and jazz-infused Caribbean sound on September 12 for the “WTJU Levitt Amp Concert Series” at The IX Art Park in downtown Charlottesville.
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CROZETgazette
SEPTEMBER 2015
By Phil James
phil@crozetgazette.com
Apples For many folks, the onset of autumn with its accompanying sights and smells brings to mind nostalgic reflections of earlier days. The sweet aromas emanating from apple sheds herald that glorious season when wisps of fragrant wood smoke begin to slip from beneath kettles of bubbling apple butter. Leisure-filled outdoor festivals beckon with music, crafts and food for family and friends. A century ago, the fall season signaled the much-anticipated slowing down from necessary labors of pruning, plowing, planting and eventual harvest. In remote mountain coves, however, towering heaps of sawdust hinted at other behind-the-scenes tasks that had taken place long before the seasonal bounty was safely under cover. Stave and heading mills produced the raw components used to craft countless wooden barrels that were used earlier to transport and store apples. A USDA report on the “Production of Slack Cooperage Stock in 1906” noted that nearly 1.1 million staves had been produced by the 712 mills reporting from 31 states. Virginia’s mills ranked first in production of headings and second among stave producers. Multiple staves fitted together and contained by hoops of wood or metal comprised the upright side of a wooden barrel. Headings were the caps affixed to either end. Crozet’s E.B. Hicks remembered the skilled craftsmen at the Higgs & Young factory on Railroad Avenue: “Mr. Arthur Harding from Batesville was a cooper over
by the
11
Barrel
Sorting and grading of apples was often executed outside between the tree rows at small orchards. Indoor mechanized conveyors afforded by larger fruit growers allowed that careful work to run more efficiently rain or shine—and after sundown. [Photo courtesy of the C. Purcell McCue family]
at the barrel factory,” said E.B. “I’d have to go there when I worked at the Fruit Growers. We used to sit in there and watch him putting the barrels up. He’d take a hoop and a stave and start around there and it won’t no time he’d have ’em all the way
around. Had a special way of holding them. Had one of those old hatchets shaped like an adze with a curved blade on it. And all kinds of planes and things where he would rake around there and cut a groove to put the head in.” Homer Sandridge was born at Mountfair in 1916 and remembered the surge of activity in the Blue Ridge foothills during the fruit picking seasons. “Picking fruit used to
continued on page 12
Dorsey Wilberger operated a barrel heading mill at Mountfair in western Albemarle County. In April 1915, the Daily Progress noted that Mr. Wilberger was “running his heading plants at full swing.” [Photo courtesy of Larry Lamb]
These vintage wooden-hooped barrels and apple picker’s bags were preserved in a dry storage shed on a farm near Roseland, Nelson County. [Photo by Phil James]
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CROZETgazette
SEPTEMBER 2015
Apples —continued from page 11 be an annual thing, the fruit business in Crozet, after trucks came along,” he recalled. “Everybody would work in the fruit for a couple weeks in peach season and then a few weeks in apple season also. Truckloads of them would go to Crozet. I did that a couple of years when I was growing up. Worked picking peaches. “C.W. Antrim from Richmond owned Walnut Level Farm [near Mountfair.] It was in operation up there before Innisfree bought it. They had apple orchards. The thing I remember about that is, in the late twenties, they had two Model-T [Ford] trucks with solid rubber tires on the back. No inner tube or anything. The reason they got ’em was to haul barrels of apples to Crozet to the storage. I believe they would haul fifteen barrels.” Horse-drawn freight wagons were supplanted by motor trucks. Within local regions, trucks began to assume some of the shipping burden that trains once monopolized. Because producers and co-ops could access distant markets, calls mounted within the industry to establish a “Standard U.S. Barrel” size. As the pace of modern times continued to step faster, the perceived romance of those slower, earlier days, when it took most of a community to bring in a fruit crop, was sacri-
Apple picking, sorting and packing at the J.J. Boaz Orchard in Covesville. Scottsville photographer W.E. Burgess, who noted that Boaz’s average annual crop was 12,000 barrels, captured this c.1915 postcard view. [Courtesy of Phil James Historical Images]
ficed on the altar of modernization and profit. Fruit wholesalers servicing larger markets found it easier to promote perfectly shaped and sized shiny red apples, regardless of their flavor. The irregularly shaped yellowish-green Albemarle Pippin, once acknowledged far and wide as the “Prince of Apples,” eventually fell from favor in a highly industrialized marketplace, despite its superior taste and keeping qualities. By the late 1940s, industrial factories had enticed the sturdy rural labor pool, long accus-
tomed to only seasonal wages and a barter lifestyle, with year’round indoor employment and steady wages. To restore some of the shine to the local fruit industry, in 1950 local civic leaders collaborated to establish a festival designed to honor and celebrate the region’s apple heritage. That first annual Charlottesville Apple Harvest Festival included a pageant to select a queen. From among a group of young women representing the city and eight surrounding counties, Crozet’s Nancy Hughes Fox was selected
The multi-storied Higgs & Young slack barrel cooperage and warehouse on Crozet’s Railroad Avenue was one of the largest buildings in the area. Constructed c.1923, the factory was consumed by a dramatic fire in 1957. [Photo by Mac Sandridge]
as the first Queen of the Apple Harvest Festival. Crowned by then-Governor Battle, she and her court highlighted the event’s Grand Feature Parade. Perhaps not since 1838, when two wooden barrels of Albemarle County’s finest fruit were shipped to England during the coronation of Queen Victoria, had so favorable a light shone upon our region’s horticultural heritage. Fitting, also, that two lovely queens framed its span of greatest distinction.
Orchards surrounding the Nelson County community of Bryant must have experienced a good year in 1919, judging by local merchant T.W. Hughes’ request to H.B. Wayland of Heards, VA, for enough staves and headings to produce 8,000 new apple barrels. [Courtesy of Phil James Historical Images]
Follow Secrets of the Blue Ridge on Facebook! Phil James invites contact from those who would share recollections and old photographs of life along the Blue Ridge Mountains of Albemarle County. You may respond to him through his website: www.SecretsoftheBlueRidge.com or at P.O. Box 88, White Hall, VA 22987. Secrets of the Blue Ridge © 2003–2015 Phil James
CROZETgazette
SEPTEMBER 2015
13
Miller School’s Pedro Martins Readies for World Road Cycling Championship in Richmond By Jerry Reid jerry@crozetgazette.com Born in Sao Paulo, Brazil, 17-year-old Pedro Martins is putting miles on his bike and body for Miller School of Albemarle’s riding team while preparing to ride for his home country in the UCI Road World Championships in Richmond September 19-27. To say he will be focused, dedicated and ready for his debut in the Worlds would be an understatement. He will bring many lessons learned from his school’s topnotch endurance programs and the Virginia High School Mountain Biking competition. “If I start a race, I will finish it. I will not have that [an unfinished effort] on my mind for the rest of my life,” he stated emphatically while prepping for a three-hour practice run as Miller’s only participant in the Worlds. From the small coed boarding school in Crozet to the hot
lights of the big stage in Richmond, the best scholastic junior category riders will put their talents on display to worldwide television coverage. An estimated 450,000 spectators will be on hand for the event. Andy Guptill, the head coach of the bike program at Miller, is giving current and prospective student athletes in the bike program all the work they can handle. The 18-and-under team at Miller is well managed as they pursue competition in the events for junior riders. “This is a level where pressure is low. The intended consequence of this is providing a fun window into the sport. There are events in the state and Southeast and all over the country that we could compete in,” said Guptill. Part of last Sunday’s ride for the team was training for an event this week in Vermont, an example of the travelling nature of the biking world. High and middle school stu-
Miller bikers left to right: Thomas Mariutti, Adam Cohen, Pedro Martins, Laurent Gervais, Wiiliam Dorn, Ezra Sonderling
dents populate the national scene in junior programs, with Miller joining the National Interscholastic Cycling Association (NICA) and competing at events all over the country. Road racing categories and a form of motocross for bikers are among the disciplines young riders could pursue.
Some day soon there will be riders from Miller and all over Virginia who will compete at the Worlds, representing the USA. The big show feeling of all this is not lost on the staff and students at Miller. “This is the first time the event has been in the U.S. in decades,” Guptill continued on page 23
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CROZETgazette
SEPTEMBER 2015
Water
—continued from page 1
inspection and maintenance, and public education currently are running about $1.8 million annually. The County water program is expected to expand significantly over the next decade and costs are forecast to increase by 375 percent to an estimated $6.8 million per year! Why is this major expansion occurring? What is the County trying to achieve and is it achievable? Who is going to be most impacted by these changes? Where will increased services be located? Do we have the monetary and technical wherewithal? Is it cost-effective? What new administrative burdens will it place on the County and property owners? Can it be carried out in an equitable way? When fully implemented, will the County’s enhanced water programs make measurable and sustainable improvements in water quality and the integrity of our natural environment? Mandated Enhancements to the Water Program Ambitious goals to fully restore the waters of the Chesapeake Bay by 2025 have been issued by EPA under the Clean Water Act. These federal regulations are driving changes at the County level, as states and localities within the Bay watershed scramble to comply with these largely unfunded mandates. On December 29, 2010, EPA released the Chesapeake Bay Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs) for nitrogen, phosphorus and sediment flowing into the Bay. The region’s streams, creeks and rivers are too rich in these nutrients. The TMDLs put the Bay on a diet to improve its health. These TMDLs set Bay-wide watershed limits of 185.9 million pounds of nitrogen, 12.5 million pounds of phosphorus, and 6.45 billion pounds of sediment flowing into the Bay per year. These levels correspond to 25 percent, 24 percent and 20 percent reductions, respectively, from 2009 load levels (the baseline year). The interim goal is to have in place, by 2017, practices and programs at the state and local level to achieve 60 percent of these mandated reductions.
The aggregate TMDLs for the Bay’s entire 64,000-squaremile watershed are divided among the Bay states and their major tributary basins, and are further categorized by major sources such as wastewater,
CROZETgazette
SEPTEMBER 2015
15
Join us for Worship at
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Sunday Evening Bible Study • 5 p.m.
We will be studying Adam Hamilton’s, The Call: the life and message of the Apostle Paul
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Believing the Best!
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5804 St. George Avenue | 434-823-5171
CALL FOR ENTRIES! DEADLINE: OCTOBER 17! Announcing the Sixth Annual Crozet Gazette
CALENDAR PHOTO CONTEST Photographs taken in the Crozet area or with Crozet-area related themes, suitable for a horizontal calendar, will be given preference.
Photographs must be submitted in digital format. Prints will not be accpeted and may not be returned. Submissions should include the name and phone number of the entrant along with where and when the picture was taken. Photographs must be high-resolution. The top photographs will be published in the Crozet Gazette and featured in the 2016 Crozet Gazette Calendar. The calendar will be for sale in local stores and online in December.
To enter, email photos@crozetgazette.com
CROZET gazette the
Bay Health Index 2013 available from the Science Integration and Application Network (IAN) of the University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science (UMCES).
urban storm water, septic and agriculture. In response to the Bay watershed TMDLs, Virginia’s Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ)
has developed Watershed Implementation Plans (WIPs) for Virginia’s tributary basins that explain how and when local
continued on page 16
For more information visit www.crozetgazette.com Or call 434-466-8939
photos@crozetgazette.com • 434-466-8939
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CROZETgazette
SEPTEMBER 2015
Water
—continued from page 15
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jurisdictions will meet these EPA water quality mandates. The Watershed Implementation Plan calls for Albemarle County to submit to DEQ a Chesapeake Bay Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) Action Plan by October 1, 2015. This action plan will describe required reductions of nitrogen, phosphorus and sediment pollution into County surface waters and will provide an accounting of past and future capital projects and practices that will achieve these requirements. A draft version of the action plan was released this summer for public comment and is available online at www. albemarle.org/water by clicking on TMDLs in the left navigation bar. Submission of this action plan also is required under EPA’s National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES). Overseen by DEQ, NPDES allows the County to discharge, within prescribed limits, water-borne pollutants into local streams and rivers through its small municipal separate storm sewer system (MS4). The County MS4 stormwater sewer system is located primarily along the urbanized Rt. 29 north corridor. New Funding Mechanism To conduct these ambitious stormwater and water pollution reduction mandates, the County is considering a new funding mechanism—a Service district or a utility Fee—to provide a revenue stream directly to the Water Resource Management Department independent of the County’s General Fund. A year ago the Board of Supervisors formed the Water Resources Funding Advisory Committee to select the most appropriate funding structure and to present its recommendations to the Board this month. The Supervisors may vote on these measures this fall. The Advisory Committee has focused its deliberations on the utility fee option. The utility fee would generate revenue from property owners. The size of the fee would be proportional to the total impervious area a
property has. This would be determined for each property from the width and length of commercial and residential roofs, concrete, asphalt and gravel driveways and parking lots, heavily traveled farm dirt roads, sidewalks, hardscape patios, workshops, barns, sheds, garages, chicken coops, etc. The County would assess a fee for each property proportional to the total combined square footage of impervious surface. The greater a property’s impervious footprint, the higher its fee would be. Properties owned by non-profits and places of worship would be subject to the utility fee. Credits would be offered by the County to reduce fees if a property owner implements approved, best management practices that reduce sediment runoff and nitrogen and phosphorus pollution. The County has the option to set different rates for urban and rural areas. Seeking answers to the questions posed above, I have reviewed the County’s action plan and numerous local, state and federal publications. I also have met with members and representatives of the Board of Supervisors, the Water Department, the Thomas Jefferson Soil & Water Conservation District, and the County’s Funding Advisory Committee, and I have participated in a citizen-led, town hall meeting. Based upon these conversations, my review of government
CROZETgazette
documents, and my calculations based on government data, I developed the following findings. Water Program Analysis – Pollution Reduction Albemarle County is situated within the James River Basin Watershed one of 92 distinct TMDLs Chesapeake Bay tidal segments. Based upon data from DEQ’s Chesapeake Bay TMDL Watershed Implementation Plan—Phase II (provided to me by a member of the Advisory Committee) in combination with my own calculations, the estimated annual loads in 2009 from within the Albemarle County watershed to the Bay were 3.3 million pounds of nitrogen, 0.38 million pounds of phosphorus, and 0.14 billion pounds of sediment. Putting these numbers in the context of the entire Chesapeake Bay watershed, Albemarle County contributes 1.78 percent, 3.05 percent and 2.16 percent of these pollutants (nitrogen, phosphorus, sediment) to the Bay. To help restore Bay waters, the DEQ Watershed Implementation Plan instructs Albemarle County to reduce its overall contribution of these pollutants by 11.3 percent, 39.6 percent, and 46.6 percent, respectively. To achieve these countywide goals, DEQ has recommended individual reduction goals for specific sources and land uses for each pollutant. For example, animal operators are expected to reduce their nitrogen loads by
SEPTEMBER 2015
80 percent, nurseries by 72 percent, pasture fields by 38 percent and hay fields by 36 percent. Septic systems, which constitute one-third of the nitrogen load countywide, need to reduce their nitrogen emissions by 2.5 percent under the current DEQ plan. Strict pollution reduction mandates arise from the County’s NPDES stormwater sewer system permit. These mandates focus the action plan primarily on the small municipal separate storm sewer system (MS4)-regulated areas. Comprising roughly five percent of County land, yearly loads coming from these urban areas are estimated to be 54,823 pounds of nitrogen, 6,058 pounds of phosphorus and 1,855,055 pounds of sediment. They contribute 1.66 percent of the nitrogen, 1.58 percent of the phosphorus and 1.33 percent of the sediment to the countywide loads of these pollutants. In other words, the MS4 areas represent less than 2 percent of the problem. Within the MS4 areas, the action Plan calls for load reductions of nitrogen by 7.0 percent, phosphorus by 12.5 percent and sediment by 16.8 percent. Happily, 53.0 percent, 58.4 percent and 90.4 percent of these goals, respectively, already have been achieved. Capital improvement projects, Best Management Practices (BMPs), stream restorations and connections of private septic systems to sanitary sewer conducted over
continued on page 18
17
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SEPTEMBER 2015
Water
—continued from page 17
the past nine years (under the current level of funding) have given Albemarle a jump start, and we are well more than half way toward meeting action plan goals in these urban areas. Countywide, however, the story is very, very different.
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When the action plan is fully implemented, the loads of nitrogen, phosphorus and sediment will be reduced by a mere 0.12, 0.20 and 0.22 percent, respectively. As it stands now, the proposed multi-million dollar expansion of the County’s water programs will not come close to achieving DEQ’s TMDL goals, and the action
Page 8 of the Albemarle County Comprehensive Plan shows which streams are “impaired.” These impaired streams are mostly in urban areas but include the North Fork of the Moormans River as it flows down from the Shenandoah National Park into the Sugar Hollow Reservoir!
CROZETgazette plan does not describe a credible, cost-effective path for getting there. Water Program Analysis – Utility Fee The County is seeking a new funding structure for its expanding water programs that is equitable, stable, simple and feasible. Does the proposed utility fee meet these criteria? Equity. The County states there is a “strong” correlation between a property’s impervious
SEPTEMBER 2015 area and stormwater runoff from the property. It claims that imperviousness “most closely characterizes the impact of a property’s runoff on local waterways.” Does this rule-of-thumb hold true in rural areas? Consider this scenario. Imagine two private residences each having 2,500 square feet of impervious surface. One is situated in the country on a 5-acre wooded property. Its impervious area covers 1.1 percent of the land. The second is located within a high-density housing development on a quarter-acre lot. Its impervious area covers 23 percent of the land. During a one-inch rain event, 1,560 gallons of stormwater will flow off both of these impervious surfaces. Because the wooded lot has a much greater capacity to absorb this runoff than does the urban lot, their impact on local waterways likely will be widely different. This, of course, is why there are so few stormwater drains located in rural areas. On a completely different note, is it in the best interest of the community to burden local non-profits and religious organizations with these fees and their associated administrative costs? Stability. The utility fee is based upon a “physical metric.” It will not fluctuate with changes in property values. In this sense, the fee is stable. However, the County is legally obligated to offer credits to property owners to offset the cost of the fee. Annual revenues from the fee will depend upon the kind and level of credits offered and the degree to which property owners implement best management practices onsite. Simplicity and Feasibility. Accurately determining the total impervious area of each property is not simple. Is the County’s GIS system up to the task? My experience with the tax maps gives me pause. Compared to drawing revenue from the General Fund, is it practical and cost-effective to have County staff periodically updating their impervious square-foot records and BMP credits to reflect every time a property owner has erected, modified or torn down a structure (barn, shed, garage) or
continued on page 35
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CROZETgazette
SEPTEMBER 2015
Sam’s Hot Dog Stand Reopens Under New Ownership Sam’s Hot Dog Stand reopened in the Old Town Shops in downtown Crozet in July under new ownership and the daily management of Charlie Mayer, who long-time Crozetians will remember for his own place, Uncle Charlie’s Smokehouse, which operated in the 1990s out of the current Mudhouse location. Charlie has been in Florida for a few years, but has come back to Crozet. The new owners are Mary Piepenbrink and Tom Hissam of Wilmington, North Carolina, where they also own a Sam’s franchise. They aim at acquiring others and now also own stands in Salem and Christiansburg. The company was founded by former Waynesboro mayor Frank Lucente and now has 53
locations in Virginia, West Virginia, North Carolina, Kentucky and Georgia. “All our stores are about being a hot dog stand,” said Piepenbrink. “It’s a simple menu. It’s back to the original idea. We’ve known Frank and his wife for 30 years. We’ve watched his model and we’ve talked about it for a long time. We opened in Wilmington and we definitely want to expand. “I’ve known about Crozet for 20 years and I have a fondness for it, so I let Tom make the decision. This store has a following already, so it’s a super way to step in. I love it here. My heart gets in the way where Crozet is concerned.” Both Piepenbrink and Hissam, who are married, have
MBAs. “We looked at the numbers carefully and bought the store. We’re not here to flip it. We have to get it out there. We don’t have the fries any more. We’re going back to chips, and we have chocolate and vanilla shakes and sweet tea. It’s only quality ingredients.” The hot dogs are all-beef, made in Kansas City, said Piepenbrink. Dogs are $2.25 each. They also offer a Carolinastyle barbeque sandwich, for $3.50, with the pork provided by a North Carolina producer. A “family bag” of 12 dogs with chips and drinks goes for $32. “This is our only store without a drive-through. It’s walk-up. It’s more social. We want a great, consistent product and we’re always super clean.”
Charlie Mayer
Store hours are 10:30 a.m. to 6 p.m., Mondays through Saturdays and 10:30 a.m. to 5 p.m. on Sundays.
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CROZETgazette
SEPTEMBER 2015
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Differentiation A hot topic in education over the past decade is that of “Differentiation.” Differentiated instruction in schools simply refers to providing different students with different avenues of learning, i.e. realizing that not all students learn the same way. Attention should be given to help each individual student maximize their learning vs. forcing all students to learn a subject in the exact same manner. On this same note, much could be said of evaluating all students with the same criteria, such as with S.O.L. testing. A great cartoon was floating around the Internet recently where there was a bird, chimpanzee, penguin, elephant, fish, seal, and a dog, all lined up in front of an instructor. The instructor says, “For a fair selection, everyone has to take the same exam: Please climb that tree.” That comic sure speaks loudly to our culture’s propensity to evaluate and judge people with the same criteria, even though we are all so incredibly different from each other. Every person has great worth, every person has their own talents, and every person can contribute much, just all in wonderfully different ways. And so of course I’m going to apply all of this to our fitness! I think that sometimes when we start a “back to fitness” program, we often feel like we have been time-warped right back into middle school. We are self-conscious about our bodies, and we compare ourselves to others and to mythical standards. We form cliques and “us versus them” mentalities. We are inspired, intimidated, and sometimes lost, all at the same time. But let’s back away from these middle school mentalities and really focus on what matters—getting everyone to become healthy and improve their fitness. And here’s where my point of differentiation
comes in. We can consider “getting healthy and improving fitness” as the subject, and we must realize that each person is going to get there differently. Although I’d like to think that running is the best way for everyone to achieve and maintain fitness, the reality is that it just doesn’t work for some people! Some people HATE running (gasp!), or some people’s bodies just reject it and make it miserable. So, thank God, we have walking and hiking! Or Melissa Miller’s boot camp class. Or incredible road cycling all around us. Or ACAC with its really nice gym equipment. Or swimming at the YMCA. Or P90X videos. Or Yoga. The list goes on and on. Of course we all know this, but my point is that over time, each of us can find some innate avenues towards reaching fitness that just speak to us for some reason. Maybe it’s the way you were raised, your body-type, or your current living situation— there is a path to fitness for everyone as long as we are openminded. Let’s say you have that classic “Dad physique.” You know the one I’m talking about. You’re ready to make a change and get back to how you looked and felt in the glory days. You used to run, and all your friends run. So you start running. But it’s tough. It’s beyond tough. You’re not excited about it, your knees hurt, and each run leaves you feeling worse than before you started. Do you quit? Do you just throw out all your mediums in favor of larges? Well, let’s first just change the avenue; let’s differentiate! Maybe you should try cycling, or sign up for boot camp. Maybe you get a map of Shenandoah National Park and start planning out some AT section hikes and make that your fitness goal. We’re not the same as we
continued on page 26
SEPTEMBER 5
Jason Pollock (solo) SEPTEMBER 12
The Olivarez Trio SEPTEMBER 19
The Buzzard Hollow Boys SEPTEMBER 26
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SEPTEMBER 2015
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Crozet poet Charlotte Matthews read from her recent work, both poetry dealing with her confrontation with breast cancer and a memoir of her young life, at The Lodge at Old Trail’s Third Thursday speaker’s series August 20. She is the author of two poetry collections, Still Enough to Be Dreaming and Green Stars, both from Iris Press, and her third book, Whistle What Can’t Be Said, is forthcoming from Unicorn Press. She also teaches in the Bachelor of Independent Studies Program at U.Va. Copies of Wendell Berry’s poem “The Peace of Wild Things” had been placed on chairs, and Matthews had the crowd read the poem aloud with her to start her talk. “Poetry has the wonderful pretense that what we are hearing is not meant to be overheard—which is different than listening to a secret,” Matthews said. Her in-progress memoir, titled Universal Lost and Found,
“is not the whole life, but the parts picked out that could matter,” she said. The passages she read dealt with her mother’s dissatisfaction with life and her discovery of lying at age eight, when she fell in a diving accident and a lifeguard replied to her question of whether she was bleeding by saying “no.” “Lies distort the world,” Matthews said. She described her father’s unexpected death from a heart attack at his office desk at age 41 and how she went to school the next day as if the world had not changed. She said she discovered she is a poet, “because I sucked at everything else. I wasn’t that good at anything, but I could write and I wrote a lot.” She said poetry is important because it can express things that can be contradictory, such as light’s nature as both a wave and a particle. “I feel the world we live in— if you’re awake to it—is full of reasons for writing.”
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There were three girls jumping double dutch on the blacktop below him, and he looked down because even their voices sounded nimble. This made him remember the way His mother sang him to sleep at night, each star in the sky reliably framed in a hexagon from their wire coop. He fell because, like all of us, he wanted to know if someone would care enough to try to put him back together again.
–by Charlotte Matthews
CROZETgazette
Cycling
—continued from page 13
said. “It is a really big thing. This is what makes it resonate with us. It is amazing to see this just flourish for junior riders.” Martins quickly understood that being in the U.S. creates much more opportunity. He began in competitive biking after listening to family members who were in love with the Tour de France. He started in Brazil, “but most of my opportunities for junior racing have been at Miller,” he said. He gave another sport, Go-Karts, a whirl in a country that reveres the memory of three-time World Grand Prix Champion Ayrton Senna da Silva. Senna, a Formula One driver who died in 1994 in a crash at San Marino, is a hugely beloved figure because of his charitable works in his home country, and because he also stood up for increasing the safety of Grand Prix racing when it wasn’t popular to do so. Familiar with the legendary driver, Martins said, “I always raced Go-Karts, but never thought of being a professional racer. “I’m taking some engineering courses that might work for me,” Martins said when asked what his school goals were. “Competitive cycling is not forever, but there is a way . . . there are support personnel, mechanics, instructors.” Mechanical engineering might be in his future, he said, as he looks forward to his career when his riding days are over. Choosing the bike over motorized transportation, Martins sometimes feels that “when I ride my bike, I’m glad
Block Plan
—continued from page 9
“A grid-like plan was not contemplated by the county or VDOT, but they are willing to consider it,” he said. He said VDOT is not willing to consider a new trestle under the railroad track now and has no money to study the idea. Stoner said he expects to present more detailed plans in September or October. His application for rezoning, which was due to expire in August, has been given a one-year extension by the
SEPTEMBER 2015 I’m not in my car,” he said. Awakening a social conscience, this young man is impressive with his thoughtfulness. Perhaps he will emulate Senna and dedicate part of his life to helping struggling people in Brazil. Meanwhile, “I will try my best, I will never give up,” he said. The roster for the Miller School of Albemarle Endurance Team is below. Find more information, videos, and pictures at www.msacycling.org.
23
Buy Your Tickets Now!
Tanner Browne Senior; Afton
William Dorn
Senior; Vienna, Virginia
Marcio Oliveira
Senior; Natal, Brazil
Ezra Sonderling
Senior; Boston, Massachusetts
Brian Purdy
Senior; Charlottesville
Laurent Gervais;
Junior; Quebec, Canada
Pedro Martins
Junior; Sao Paulo, Brazil
Gentry Jefferson
Junior; Hagerstown, Maryland
Hayden Blom
Junior; Jacksonville, Florida
Adam Cohen
Junior; Miami, Florida
Thomas Mariutti
Junior; Sao Paulo, Brazil
Checku Louis
Sophomore; Charlottesville
Richard Hoge
Sophomore; Waynesboro
Emily Garcia Sophomore
Julia Martins
Sophomore; Sao Paulo, Brazil
presents
The 10 th Annual Opportunity Ball
“Off to the Races!” Saturday October 24th 2015 6-11pm at The Carriage House, Oak Ridge Estate, Arrington
Cocktails, Dinner & Dancing Silent & Live Auctions “Racing Smart” or Cocktail Attire
New Venue • New Theme All proceeds benefit the Nelson County Community Fund. Since its founding, NCCF has awarded over $1 million in grants to more than 50 Nelson County agencies & programs
Make contributions or purchase tickets...
Lucas Mariutti
Freshman; Sao Paulo, Brazil
visit www.nelsonfund.org & click on Opportunity Ball, or call 434-260-1843.
Carson Sullivan
SPECIAL THANKS TO OUR SPONSORS
8th Grade; Charlottesville
county. The CCAC also passed a resolution to be sent to the Board of Supervisors reminding them of its earlier resolution opposing commercial development at the Yancey Mills interchange of Interstate 64 and Rt. 250. The CCAC does not want the possibility that enlarging the Growth Area around the Rt. 29/I-64 interchange, milepost 118, in Charlottesville, where a brewery may be interested in locating, would be a precedent for reopening a settled land use question.
NCCF is a committee advised fund of the Charlottesville Area Community Fund, a 501(c)(3) tax-exempt agency
24
CROZETgazette
SEPTEMBER 2015
Brownsville your neighborhood market Grab & Go or Made to Order! BREAKFAST
STARTING AT 5AM Biscuits Bagels Croissants Sausage Country Ham
Bacon Pork Tenderloin Steak Biscuits Egg & Cheese Fresh Coffee
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at 5:3
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MON. - SAT. 5 am – 10 pm SUNDAY 6 am – 9 pm
Route 250 • Next to Western Albemarle High School • Crozet • 434-823-5251
CROZET FLAGS On Sale Now!
As seen on the Crozet Parade Route! Make one yours today. $59 each The Gazette is selling these custom-made flags at cost. Limited quantities available. American made. 36 x 36 inches. 100% Nylon.
Call 434-466-8939 or visit www.crozetgazette.com/the-crozet-flag/
Pesticides in Paradise By Elena Day elena@crozetgazette.com Hawaii has come up on my radar screen lately as several friends have vacationed in those tropical isles this summer. Kauai is nicknamed the “Garden Isle.” Its natural wonders include the Na Pali coast and the 10-milelong Waimea Canyon, which is also called the “Grand Canyon of the Pacific.” Rainfall varies from 50 inches per year in northeastern parts of the island to 20 inches per year on the southwestern side. Commercial sugar cane was farmed on Kauai beginning in 1835. Today there is only one commercial farm left. Exploitation of sugar cane workers and of water resources (sugar cane needs a lot of water) may have ceased, but the agricultural chemical companies have moved in. Monsanto, Syngenta, BASF, Dow and Dupont are transforming former sugar cane fields into commercial Genetically Engineered/ Genetically Modified Organisms (GE/GMO) seed production facilities and open-air testing grounds for new GE/GMO’s that can be sprayed with even more toxic pesticides to destroy weeds that have become resistant to Roundup’s glyphosate. The state of Hawaii has approximately 25,000 acres of experimental GE/GMO corn in cultivation for field trials. This is more than any other state in the nation. Acreage dedicated to “Frankenscience” has more than doubled this last decade. Ninety percent of GE/GMO corn seed has been developed and is grown in Hawaii for sale to contracted U.S. farmers. The island of Kauai, close by to Waimea Town, can claim 12,000 acres, the biggest area of industrial GE/GMO corn seed production and testing in the Hawaiian archipelago. Kauai with its fertile soils and abundant rainfall can guarantee three crops per year. According to the Center for Food Safety, it is in Kauai that four of the five big chemical agricultural companies spray 17 times more pesticides per acre than on any cornfield on the U.S. mainland. This is to determine the resistance of the GE/GMO plants to herbicides
that kill all the other plants. In 2012, 18 tons of Restricted Use Pesticides, including paraquat and atrazine (both banned in Europe), were sprayed on Kauai. Restricted Use Pesticides are so named because of their harmfulness. The companies (like the fracking industry) refuse to reveal the recipes for their toxic stews. The cornfields lie above Waimea Town. The fields are sprayed frequently, often every couple of days. Fallow fields are sprayed so nothing will grow because seed and test crops require “sterility.” The wind often blows downhill into the town, where residents complain of vomiting, headaches and stinging eyes. Local schools have been evacuated twice and students have been sent to the hospital because of pesticide drift. The incidence of birth defects and the numbers of special education students may be higher here, but the AgChem companies can claim no linkage because our own governmental agencies (EPA, et al.) that should prioritize the health of its citizens haven’t initiated any studies. In spite of protracted local protests, the Hawaii legislature has yet to stand up to the AgChem giants. In fact, the companies continue to operate under a decades-old EPA permit to discharge toxic chemicals in water that had been grandfathered in from sugar cane days when amounts and toxicities were lower. The State of Hawaii asked for a federal exemption so that the companies can avoid modern standards of compliance. In Kauai, the AgChem companies, whose work force is about 200, do not pay excise taxes as do other agricultural concerns, and until recently were exempted from property taxes. Although Hawaii’s constitution requires that the state and counties specifically protect communities and their environment, a watered-down ordinance passed by the Kauai council requiring the companies to reveal what, where and when they grow, and what they propose to spray was recently overturned by a federal judge when
CROZETgazette
SEPTEMBER 2015
25
Pro Re Nata Brewery To Open Soon Two international shipping containers holding brewing equipment arrived at Pro Re Nata Brewery on Rt. 250 in Crozet August 21. Brewery owner Dr. John Schoeb said he expected brewing operations to beginning about a week later and that the brewery should open to the public sometime in September. “This is more fun than dentistry,” he said as he unloaded the containers, a delicate operation risking damage to the tanks that was handled adroitly.
Pesticides
—continued from page 24
the AgChem giants sued. On the Big Island— Hawaii—which to date hosts no GMO corn, the county council passed a law that banned chemical companies from moving in. Again it was struck down in federal court. The ban on GMO taro, a food deemed sacred to native Hawaiians, was allowed to stand. In Maui County (which includes the islands of Maui and Molokai) citizens passed a initiative that called for a moratorium on GMO farming until a full environmental impact statement was completed. Monsanto and associated AgChem companies spent $7.2 million on a losing campaign against the initiative and lost. It is believed to have been the most expensive campaign in Hawaiian history. Monsanto, et. al., sued and again the federal judge ruled that the initiative was preempted by federal law. All the above rulings are
The brewery’s parking lot now includes a 49–foot food trailer and chef Kenneth Taylor has arrived from Phoenix, Arizona, to handle the cooking operation. Brewmaster Brad Hulewicz, formerly with Mad Fox Brewery in Falls Church, will handle brewing operations. The tasting room will have eight taps. Brian Combs, who has been to brewing school and has been involved in a family brewery in New York, will be the brewery’s general manager.
being appealed. They can “pave paradise” or they can spray it into a toxic soup. Either way, no more paradise. DARK Act update: Keep in mind if the DARK Act (H.R. 1599 or “Deny Americans the Right to Know Act even when 64 other countries have legislated it”) passes the Senate, states will be preempted by federal law regarding the right to identify and label foods containing GMOs. Monsanto and companies are currently trying to find a Democrat to cosponsor the Senate bill. What Virginians can do is call and convince Senators Kaine and Warner to refuse to cosponsor. It’s a long shot as both Virginia Senators voted against states’ rights to label GMO’s in 2013 when the amendment was attached to the farm bill. Eight of the eleven Virginia Representatives voted in favor of H.R. 1599, which they audaciously refer to as the Safe and Accurate Food Labeling Act.
September 25th-27th Misty Mountain Camp Resort
Greenwood, VA presented by
assisting the
featuring...
Music Fire
one Cra KidZ Art ft Brew C a d m p o in g Fo
Sun Dried OPOSSUM The 5th Annual Misty Mountain
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Music Festival in Greenwood, Virginia is proud to offer 25 of the Commonwealth’s best original bands and performers to Misty Mountain Camp Resort September 25th-27th, 2015 This charity event does not require ticket purchases, instead monetary donations to the Blue Ridge Area Food Bank will be accepted daily at the festival gates
$1 = 4 Meals
Your dollar provides four meals for a needy family
urty eeds
Professional Gardening
Misty Mountain Camp Resort
w w w . m i s t y m o u n t ai nmusi c fe st i v al. c om
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CROZETgazette
SEPTEMBER 2015
Eggplant Pasta
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When you just don’t have it in you to make eggplant parmesan (peel the eggplant, slice the eggplant, salt the eggplant, wipe the eggplant, fry the eggplant, make the tomato sauce, grate the parmesan, assemble the dish and bake), you have a lovely alternative in Pasta a la Norma, a.k.a. eggplant pasta. Eggplant is possibly my favorite vegetable and yes, it and almost everything else, including cardboard, is delicious when
Pasta a la Norma 1 large eggplant ~¼ cup olive oil 3 cloves crushed garlic 1 small onion, diced 1 cup fresh basil
4 large fresh tomatoes OR 1 can crushed tomatoes ½ cup grated parmesan ¾ lb rotelle (wagon wheel) or other pasta
Heat the oil in a heavy dutch oven pan. Peel the eggplant and cut into pieces one inch by ½ inch. Saute till brown in the oil. Add more oil, a little at a time if needed so that the eggplant doesn’t stick to the pan. Add the onion and cook for 10 minutes (add a little more oil if needed). Add the garlic, cook for about a minute. Test the eggplant with a fork to make sure it’s cooked through and then add the tomatoes and the chopped basil. Turn heat to simmer. No need to cook this a long time. As soon as the pasta is ready, this sauce will be perfect. Bring to a boil a large pan of salted water. Cook the pasta until tender/al dente. Drain and then pour the pasta into the sauce. Gently mix the pasta into the sauce. Serve and pass the grated cheese. Serves 4.
Fitness
—continued from page 21
Mulch & Compost Double Ground Hardwood Mulch Pine Bark Mulch Black, Red, Brown & Natural Colored Mulch Organic Compost
CROZET, VIRGINIA
434-466-2682
breaded and fried, but eggplant with pasta is simply wonderful and really easy to prepare. I was lucky enough to enjoy this in Sicily where it is called Pasta a la Norma, named for one of Vincenzo Bellini’s operas. When I had it there, the chef used wagon wheel shaped pasta, but of course any shape or size will do. Eggplant season is almost over, so get on this while the local eggplant is still available.
were when we were 20, both in fitness, and in life stage. So open up your mind to different avenues towards fitness and I bet you’ll find something that will stick and allow you to reach a new state of fitness that can then open up new doors. And last, how about the “climb a tree” test. What if everyone’s “fitness” test was to run a marathon or do a triathlon or bench-press 220 pounds?? I think it’s safe to say that we
have all been on the judging side of this as well as on the judged side of this. Who is more fit, someone who cycles for 3 hours every Saturday morning, or someone who walks for 30 minutes every day? The point here is that all exercise is good and we should encourage everyone who is out there moving. Don’t compare yourselves to others, or you’ll get discouraged. I consider myself a pretty good runner, but there are so many runners who are so much faster than I, and if I focused on that it would just
CROZETgazette
From the Editor —continued from page 4
of water flowing out of our county were rendered pure as it left, the Bay’s general health
SEPTEMBER 2015 would be unchanged. We love the Bay and we will do our share to protect it, but we should not be asked to squander money that we need for other valuable purposes too.
27
Tabor Presbyterian Church (USA) Worship Service Sundays • 10:30 a.m.
FOLLOWED BY FELLOWSHIP Rev. Dr. Jewell-Ann Parton, Pastor Traditional in worship, Progressive in outreach, Inclusive of All
To the Editor —continued from page 4
The support of our most generous donors—the Green Olive Tree, the Parkway Pharmacy, George Foresman for County Clerk, Hamer and Hamer DDS Orthodontics, and The Lodge at Old Trail—along with the dozens of others, made our fireworks show possible. We also appreciate the support of several local businesses that very generously provide their services at a discount, including Allied Portable Toilets and Virginia Tent Rental. Last but not least, we appreciate the generous support of the Crozet Gazette in running a full-page ad for months and a special thank you to Allie Marshall Pesch of AMP Design for designing our Crozet Independence Day Celebration posters, park map, and handbill for free. The parade and celebration is a combined effort of Crozet’s civic organizations who have teamed up to put on the Crozet Independence Day parade, celebration, and fireworks show, a task that in the past fell solely to the Crozet Volunteer Fire Department (CVFD), which for many years sponsored the celebration as a fundraiser. Joining the CVFD in sharing the burden now are the Crozet Community Association, Claudius Crozet Park (which is
community-owned and run by volunteers), YMCA, Crozet Lions Club, Life Journey Church, Downtown Crozet Association, the C r o z e t Community A d v i s o r y Committee (CCAC), Crozet Trails Crew, and the White Hall Ruritans, as well as many local churches and citizen volunteers. We also thank all the wonderful volunteers who helped set up, take admissions donations, and cleaned up afterwards. We are especially appreciative of the dedication and hard work of the Charles House family, who did a fabulous job emptying the trash bins at the celebration, even during the pouring rain at the end. And not least all, we thank you, our fellow Crozetians, for your attendance and support. We’ll see you at the park again next year on Saturday, July 2! Sincerely, Tim F. Jost Tolson Chair, CIDC Planning Team President, Crozet Community Association CrozetCommunity@gmail.com CrozetCommunity.org
Crozet Cares Schedule
An Outreach of Tabor Presbyterian Church
All Events are in the Pickford-Chiles Fellowship Hall Unless Otherwise Noted
Crozet Community Orchestra Fall Session
Wednesdays, 7 - 9 p.m. • Beginning September 2 for 11 weeks
Cost $65. The Crozet Community Orchestra has openings for musicians 14 through adults of all ages: amateurs, students, retirees and professionals. There are no auditions. Visit crozetcommunityorchestra.org for more information or to register.
Second Saturday Art Gallery Opening Saturday, September 12 • 5 - 7 p.m.
Enjoy some light refreshments while viewing artwork from local artists.
This month’s featured artist is Janet Pearlman. Throughout the thirty-four years of painting, she immersed herself in many and varied forms of inner development, and developed her craft through the practice of expressing this vibrant inner life with paint. Janet lives and paints here in Crozet
Crozet Community Chorus Fall Session
Wednesdays, 7 - 9 p.m. • Beginning September 16 for 8 weeks
Cost TBA. The Crozet Community Chorus has openings for musicians 14 through adults of all ages: amateurs, students, retirees and professionals. There are no auditions. Visit crozetcommunityorchestra.org for more information or to register.
The Princess Bride Movie Night! Friday, October 2 • 7:30 p.m
A family event that both parents and kids will enjoy! Popcorn and snacks will be served. “Mawwwiage and twue wuv...”
Minda’s Indoor Tent Sale
Sat. & Sun. October 10 & 11; Sat. 10-6, Sun. 12-6
During the Crozet Arts and Crafts Festival rain or shine! mindasboutique.net
Charlottesville Orchid Society Sale & Art Show Sat. & Sun. October 10 & 11; Sat. 10-6, Sun. 12-6 Orchids for sale, discuss growing tips with local experts Also botanical art prints for sale by Sharon Morris Kincheloe
October Art Gallery Opening: Colorshow Saturday, October 17 • 5 - 7 p.m.
The Innisfree Village Art Studio is a group of artists residing at Innisfree Village, a lifesharing community with adults with disabilities in Crozet. They have gathered their creative energies and produced a body of work that reflects colorful and eclectic personalities.
Embodied Mindfulness Workshop
October 17, 1 - 4 p.m. • November 21, 1 -4 p.m.
Join either or both days! $25.00 for single session or $45 for both. “Curious about yoga or meditation? Join Kara Snapp, Yoga Therapist, for a workshop in Embodied Mindfulness. No prior experience necessary. To register, contact Kara at 434-906-5467 or kara.inwardbound@gmail.com. Check out www.kara-snapp.squarespace.com for more information. For more information visit
CrozetCares.com Click on Upcoming Events
bring me down. Instead, find your avenue, put your head down, and get to work. The beauty of exercise and fitness is that hard work is rewarded. Your fitness doesn’t care if you wear a fitbit, if your shoes are new, or if you go to the gym. It only cares that you are trying and making an effort, and making it a regular part of your life. Remember that, like it or not, you are a role model for all the people around you. Hard work and perseverance are virtues that make anyone a good
role model! For the next several months, I’m going to get some help on these Back to Fitness columns from various experts in the different avenues to fitness— cycling, boot camp, swimming, etc.—to see if we can inspire each of you in your own way to add some new tricks to your game. Remember that this is your one life to live here on this earth, and you live in an incredible place! So let’s make the most of it. (in our own individual ways of course!)
Tabor Presbyterian Church
5804 Tabor Street • Crozet www.taborpc.org • 434-823-4255
Sharing the Love of Jesus Since 2002
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CROZETgazette
SEPTEMBER 2015
inthegarden@crozetgazette.com
On the Beach If you spent time at the beach this past summer, think about some of the things that made it so enjoyable. The bright sunshine—but only if you had an umbrella or beach shelter and slathered on the sunscreen. Cool breezes off the ocean—but only if they weren’t strong enough to sandblast you or knock over your umbrella. The warm, salty ocean—provided that a big wave didn’t slap you down or give you a saline mouthful. Most of the things
that make the beach enjoyable for people—or perhaps occasionally somewhat less than great fun—can have the same effect on plants. Plants at the beach have to endure bright sunlight, dry nutrient-poor shifting sands and salty winds off the water. Compared to their inland cousins, they’re a tough lot. If you’re contemplating landscaping your beach cottage or maybe just want to learn more about what grows there, here are some of the best Beach Survivors. Grasses—On the foredune, just landward from the flat area where beachgoers set up camp,
grasses are by far the most abundant plants. From Virginia southward, sea oats (Uniola paniculata) is one of the mainstays of the dunes, its tawny seed heads becoming conspicuous in late summer. It tolerates salt, as well as the extreme heat of the reflective dunes, and accepts burial by the shifting sand. In fact, burial encourages growth of the plant’s rhizomes and allows it to spread and stabilize dunes. Sea oats is protected by law in most states on the southeast coast. American beachgrass (Ammophila breviligulata) is highly salt-tolerant, although it also happily grows on the nonsalty beaches of the Great Lakes. Not only accepting of burial by sand, beach grass seemingly demands it, failing to thrive just a few yards back from the foredune. When it’s happy, its rhizomes can spread six to ten feet out to colonize new areas. The ten-inch flower spike appears in mid-summer, but won’t rival sea oats for showiness. Panicum amarum or bitter panicgrass grows along much of the Atlantic and Gulf coasts. One of the more robust beach
grasses, leaves may be eighteen inches long, the entire plant growing up to seven feet tall. The leaves typically have a bluish cast; the cultivar ‘Dewey Blue’ is exceptional in this regard. Other beach grasses are less salt-tolerant than those just mentioned and grow a few yards back from the dune. One of the showiest is muhly grass or hairawn muhly (Muhlenbergia cappilaris), with its cloud of pink-purple flowers in early autumn. In case you don’t have a beach house, muhly grass is also happy far from the coast. Pampas grass (Cortaderia selloana), a South American native, is commonly planted on southern beaches. Its tall plumes of flowers are quite showy, but
SEPTEMBER 13 • 9:30 A.M. Twenty-fourth Sunday in Ordinary Time The Field School • 1408 Crozet Avenue
Note new time! Fr. Daniel Kelly
Shenandoah Valley's premiere outdoor store since 1987. Join in! Email crozetmass@gmail.com
1461 E. Main Street • Waynesboro • 22980
540-943-1461 • RockfishGapoutfitteRs.com
Emmanuel Episcopal Church 7599 ROCKFISH GAP | GREENWOOD, VA 22943 | 540.456.6334 | emmanuelgreenwood.org 3.4 miles west of Western Albemarle High School on Route 250
WELCOME TO OUR PARISH! Mission: May we live in Christ and seek to do His Work from this place.
Join Us September 13 for “Rally Sunday!” At 10 a.m.
(between services) includes Ministry Sign-ups and Adult Forum information in the Parish Hall as well as Sunday School registration on the playground and in the Marston-LaRue House.
Nursery Care Available Join us in the Parish Hall for Coffee Hour after services! September 27 is annual Bishop’s visit.
If you are interested in learning more about adult confirmation or reception into the Episcopal church, please call the church office.
J SEPTEMBER
SEPT. 6: One Service, 10 am
SEPT. 13 & 20: Worship at 9 and 11 a.m., Christian Ed for all ages at 10 a.m. SEPT. 27: Worship at 9 a.m., Christian Ed at 10 a.m., Bishop's Visit (special combined service) at 4 p.m. In October, worship resumes at 9 and 11 a.m., Christian Ed for all ages at 10 a.m.
y
CROZETgazette
some report that it is invading native habitats on the Atlantic coast. I can’t attest to that, but it’s definitely a pest in California. Perennials—a couple of herbaceous perennials stand out for their ability to withstand beachside conditions, as well as for their reliable showiness. Seaside goldenrod (Solidago sempervirens) is the most common, a native from Canada down to Florida and across to Texas. It is a robust plant with waxy evergreen leaves at the base, growing three to six feet tall. Depending on latitude, typical yellow goldenrod flowers appear from August into November. An even more colorful plant is blanket flower or firewheel (Gaillardia pulchella), with reddish flowers bordered
SEPTEMBER 2015 in yellow. It reportedly grows to two feet tall, but most that I have seen are a good bit shorter. Despite its brilliant colors, it can almost remain hidden among taller grasses until you’re right on top of it. It is native to the western United States across to North Carolina, but will grow farther north. It is considered to be either a short-lived perennial or an annual. Vines—Virginia creeper (Parthenocissus quinquefolia)is pretty happy at the beach and provides brilliant fall color, not a common trait among seaside plants. (Ditto for poison ivy, but no need to plant that.) Trees and Shrubs—The distinction between these two groups becomes especially murky at the beach. A plant that is a scrubby shrub close to the ocean may become a decentsized tree a few hundred yards back from the beach. Perhaps the most common tree around many beach homes is the Japanese Black Pine (Pinus thunbergii), widely planted from Cape Cod to the Outer Banks. Under these conditions it never gets very tall, but assumes a
continued on page 44
Bucket Sale: Sat. Sept 5th
Make a $5 Donation to UVA Children’s Hospital & receive a limited-edition 5 gallon blue bucket
Then SAVE
Monday-Friday 7:00–5:00 Saturday 8:00–1:00
5221 Rockfish Gap, next to Harris Teeter at Blue Ridge Shopping Center.
20%
on all regular-priced merchandise that fits in the bucket*
Feed • Fertilizer • Fencing Mineral • Animal Health Fall Plants Triple Crown & Legends Horse Feed & Pet Food by
Morton Salt Sale till Sept 18th Micron Savings Program till Sept 12th Lignetics Wood Pellets at $249 per ton till Sept 30th
Visit us online at www.rockinghamcoop.com *For 20% Savings, some exclusions apply. Not valid on Ace Gift Cards or in conjunction with other coupons, excluding Ace Rewards. Valid 9/5/2015 only; While bucket supplies last. See store for details.
1000 W. Broad St. • Waynesboro • Exit 94 off I-64 (540) 949-8229 • www.rockinghamcoop.com HOURS: Mon-Fri 7:30 AM - 6 PM • Sat 8 AM - 5 PM
We’ve spiffed up our paint store... Check us out!
434.823.1387
29
Real People, Real Service!
brbs.net
30
CROZETgazette
SEPTEMBER 2015
Crozet
Weather Almanac
AUGUST 2015
By Heidi Sonen & Roscoe Shaw | weather@crozetgazette.com
Early September Is the Driest Time of Year This year has been blessed with timely rainfall that has kept the landscape green and lush. The grass has grown about 12 inches more than normal and we haven’t had a brown-out until the very end of August. We finished the last 12 days of August without rain and suddenly, everything looked baked. But this is completely normal. Even though average rainfall is plentiful here in summer and fall, the heat and strong sun demand lots of water to keep plants growing and creeks flowing. Looking at the data, we are “dry” 25% of the time in August and September. July is dry 22% of the time and June 15%. October dryness lingers 13% of the time and the remaining
months are almost never dry. Long dry spells are actually common here in late summer and early fall. The average rainfall totals appear plentiful this time of year but probably half of it comes from heavy downpours from leftover tropical storms and hurricanes that drift over Virginia. When the tropical moisture misses, we often bake dry. That is very possible this year since a strong el Nino has developed. El Nino typically inhibits Atlantic hurricanes and that has been the case so far this season. August Recap August temperatures averaged 84 and 66 for the high and
low which is very close to average. Rainfall was normal early but the late dry spell left the month with just 2.06” at our house. Other locations generally had less. Average is over 4”. This summer has been notable for a lack of really bad weather. Heat waves have been generally bearable and severe storms have been much less frequent than normal. In other words, it was a great summer!
Rainfall Mint Springs 2.06” Batesville 1.88” Yancey Mills 1.89” Mountfair 0.83” Ivy 1.21” Wintergreen 2.95” Waynesboro 1.41” Nellysford 1.31” Univ. of VA 1.28”
www.crozetgazette.com
David A. Maybee, DDS
Family Dentistry $775,000,000
is the annual consumer spending on
toothbrushes. Why not get a free one from your dentist?
SEP
Menopause Relief Naturally
29 September 29, 2015
New Patients Welcome!
Lectures given by:
OCT
27
DEC
1
Alzheimer’s: Can it be prevented? Dr. David Zeoli, ND October 27, 2015
434-823-1274
Visit our website
Heartburn, A Drugless Solution December 1, 2015
www.phydosclinic.com
No Babysitter? No Problem!
Keep an eye on your children with our playroom cam All lectures start at 7pm and are held at the Jefferson Medical Building 1011 East Jefferson Street, Room 204 Charlottsville, VA 22902
crozetdentistry.com Ad design and copy provided in part by fifth graders at Brownsville Elementary School
540 Radford Lane, #100 • Across from Harris Teeter, behind BB&T in Crozet
CROZETgazette
SEPTEMBER 2015
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Me, Myself, or I by Clover Carroll | clover@crozetgazette.com
Who doesn’t know and love Elmo, the red, furry muppet from Sesame Street who always refers to himself in the third person? He’s so famous, he’s even appeared on the Tonight Show with Jimmy Fallon! When he doesn’t use his name—as in, “Elmo happy!”—he substitutes the pronoun “me” for “I” in many statements. “Me write the music, me write the words, that’s Elmo’s song,” he announces in his endearing falsetto, or “Me like to cook!” As part of his toddler persona, it appears that the word “I” has not yet found its way into his vocabulary. Elmo’s errors are so blatant that no one would think of emulating his way of speaking (or so we hope!). But when, as is too often the case, this kind of confusion invades adult speech, grammar lovers cringe. Most native English speakers’ immediately recognize that the way Elmo speaks is wrong—but do we know why? The confusion about whether to choose me or I in a given sentence is one of the most common grammatical errors we encounter—and one of the most easily avoided! When a friend announces, “Please come with my husband and I to the beach,” should we risk hurting her feelings (or being uninvited) by pointing out that the correct phrasing should be “please join my husband and me”? I have even been requested to “take my daughter and I’s picture”! Or when we hear “Me and my friends are going fishing,” can we prevent a condescending “don’t you mean I and my friends” from slipping out? We see this kind of careless speech all over Facebook and email. “Me and my homies love cookies” is fine for Elmo, but not for an educated adult! Me, myself, and I all refer to the same person, but they are not interchangeable! The basic way to remember which pronoun is correct is to figure out what role the word plays in the sentence or phrase. If the word is the subject—that is, the one performing the action—the correct choice is I. In “I love the
ocean,” I is the subject, the one doing the loving. However, if you are the object of the action—that is, the one who has the action done to them— then me is the word to choose. In “the ocean soothes me,” me is the object of the verb, the one who is soothed. This includes when the person (in this case I) becomes the object of a preposition—such as to, with, on, or about—as in “come swimming with me” or “between you and me.” In other words, I is a subject pronoun, and me is an object pronoun—always, without fail. It’s as simple as that! An easy way to remember this might be to think of the first line of the song “I See the Moon,” with lyrics by Jim Brickman and James Merrill: I see the moon, the moon sees me The moon sees somebody I want to see So, God bless the moon and God bless me And God bless the ‘Somebody’ I want to see I is the subject who is doing the seeing in the first phrase; but in the second phrase, I becomes the object that is being seen by the moon, so me is the appropriate pronoun. And if we wanted to ruin the song, we could continue, “The moon and me see each other”! Do you see why that is wrong? The choice of word based on its role in the sentence (or its case, to use the fancy grammatical term) is similar to the choice between who and whom (which I wrote about in a previous issue). Who is used when it is the subject of the phrase or sentence (who is coming to dinner?), while whom is used as the object (whom did you invite?). This also applies to prepositional phrases, as in Lily Tomlin’s memorable “Is this the party to whom I am speaking?” routine. Not only will you feel more confident if you get this subject/object stuff sorted out, but your communications will become more graceful and elegant. When, as in my examples thus far, only one person is involved in the expression, the continued on page 39
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CROZETgazette
SEPTEMBER 2015
Neighbor Law © Alice Neff Lucan
Copy Carefully or Not at All U.S. copyright law is much tougher than you think it is. It is easy to be fooled by the ease in copying art, graphics, text, music, anything you want to grab. The Internet puts it right there for the taking. Are you rescued by some mystery formula called “fair use? The answer is only a weak “maybe.” Are these some of the things you might remember doing? Copying from Google Images and pasting into your own work; Changing the colors in a painting or print; Stylizing a photograph someone else has taken; Translating the text into a different language; Changing the work from photograph to sculpture, or any other medium; Creating a web-based lexicon
for a series of novels? You guessed right; this last one is about Harry Potter. And Author J.K. Rowling won her infringement claim against that lexicon. Every action listed here is most likely a copyright infringement. In fact, most of these examples are taken from specific copyright cases. Even temporary copying or unpublished copying can be infringement on the owner’s copyright if it is more than a fair use. Here’s the law. If a person (or entity) has created something that is creative and original and fixed in a tangible form of expression (e.g. printed, recorded, photographed), then the creation has copyright protection virtually anywhere in the world. No registration is required. No © notice is
required. There just are not many exceptions here, so pay attention. Copyright law has been around since the early 1700s in England. It protects the tangible work of a person’s brain: the creativity, imagination, scholarship, research and even foolishness. (Does that surprise anyone?) Copyright protects news reporting, scientific reports, designs, art, photography, and some states even claim copyright for their courts’ written decisions. If that’s so, how is a scientist to build on a c o l l e a g u e’s previous research? How does Google use the material in google.news? Well, there is a “fair use” exception. There are certain favored uses, such as news uses or scholarship or research, and if the copied work falls into one of these categories then a court will weigh and balance four factors. • the nature of the copyrighted work: fanciful or factual? Fanciful works get stronger protection. • the nature and character of the use, especially whether it is commercial; A commercial copy is less likely to be protected. • the amount taken, measured both by gist and portion; Don’t believe it when someone says there is a set percentage. Not so. • the market value or impact on sales of the copyrighted works.
Minimal impact on sales is more likely to be a fair use. The court will also consider whether the parties come to the court with “clean hands,” meaning that the judge will want to know about the copier’s means and devices. For example, did the copier try to get permission? Did the copier seek advice from a copyright lawyer? Was there good faith behind the copying or was it a blatant attempt to get away with something? Works created by U.S. Government employees are not protected by copyright. Work performed by government freelancers is protected. Hyperlinks are not protected, so you can refer your website reader to another website, but don’t frame the other’s web site within your own. Facts, charts and works whose function dictates form are not protected by copyright. Works registered or published before 1923 are not protected. (This is never easy, but see https://copyright.cornell.edu/ resources/publicdomain.cfm.) Another excellent source for information is the website operated by the Copyright Office: copyright.gov. Look for the circulars that address separate issues in a very clear fashion. The Copyright Law is published there as well. Disclaimer: Don’t use this information as legal advice. Ask a lawyer who takes you as a client and can get your specific facts first hand. The tiniest circumstance can change any outcome.
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CROZETgazette
SEPTEMBER 2015
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This Month at Crozet Library Peter Hatch, Director of Gardens & Grounds Emeritus for the Thomas Jefferson Foundation, On “Thomas Jefferson’s Revolutionary Garden,” Thursday, September 17 7 p.m. Thomas Jefferson wrote, “The greatest service which can be rendered any country is to add a useful plant to its culture,” and Monticello’s terraced vegetable garden became an experimental laboratory. While growing over 330 vegetable and 170 fruit varieties, Jefferson was also a pioneer in supporting farmers markets and promoting vegetable cookery. Restored in 1984, the garden and the Jefferson legacy continue to inspire the farm-to-table movement today. Drive Away Happy, Monday, September 21 7 p.m. Learn how to make smart car-buying decisions and get tips for negotiating the purchase of a new or used car from a
financial education seminar offered by Virginia Credit Union. Crozet Jazz Project Back by popular demand! Thursday, September 24 7 p.m. Enjoy an evening of ‘chamber jazz’ as this quartet of experienced musicians explore tunes from the “Great American Songbook.” Guitarist Vince Lewis is a jazz composer, performer, recording artist and educator currently nominated for the West Virginia Music Hall of Fame. Drummer Phil Riddle has appeared with many top level jazz and blues artists and is known for his impeccable sense of time. Bob Bowen is in demand as a creative bassist, performing at the Greenbrier and Homestead resorts, and as a mainstay at many Virginia jazz clubs. John Jensen served with the U.S. Navy Band Commodores and currently plays trombone with the Smithsonian Jazz Masterworks Orchestra.
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Crozet’s Yesteryears, and a Happy Anniversary Today Monday, September 28 7 p.m. Travel back in time to Crozet’s yesteryears as local historian Phil James, Leonard Sandridge, and photographer Herbert Gentry speak about the moment in time captured in the photograph above, which hangs behind the library’s circulation
desk. To help set the mood, Leo Mallek and his Barber Shop Quartet will be on hand to croon a few tunes of the times. Add to the sweetness of the evening by enjoying a slice of cake in celebration of the second anniversary of the opening of the ‘new’ Crozet Library. Registration is recommended.
Third Thursday at The Lodge at Old Trail september 17 6:00-8:00 pm Something’s cooking at The Lodge at Old Trail and you won’t want to miss it. It’s time for the 4th Annual Culinary Competition for the benefit of the Western Albemarle Rescue Squad, as local restaurant chefs compete for bragging rights and the coveted Silver trophy. You may even win a seat at the Judges Table or The Tasting Table. It’s sure to be a recipe for a great night of fun! Make your plans soon. Tickets are on sale now.
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Fleas Many people don’t realize, but we are just now getting into the very worst time of year for fleas. Every year, from September through October, I see cases of dogs and cats loaded with fleas every single day. “Not me,” you might think. “I keep my house clean, we mow our grass, we have hardwood floors…” Every day, I see really nice, clean, neat people who bring their pets in with fleas. Interestingly, more than half the time the people are bringing in the dog or cat because it is itchy, not because they have seen the fleas themselves. When I quickly find fleas, they are surprised and sometimes a little embarrassed—“How did I not know?” Let’s start with that question: how can you tell if your pet has fleas? One common statement I hear is, “well, fleas always bite me and I haven’t had any bites so I know she can’t have fleas.” The truth is that fleas definitely prefer your pets over you. Usually the only time humans are sustaining flea bites is when you have a really bad infestation, i.e., a lot of eggs hatching inside your home. I think another reason people can miss the fleas on their pet is that our exam rooms have really bright lighting, obnoxiously bright. I do a lot of housecalls as part of our practice and really nobody has great lighting inside their house for seeing really small detailed things like fleas. Last, many people are just not familiar with the right place to look. Interestingly in dogs, fleas are almost always found on their “rump,” just above their tail on their back. Whenever I see an itchy dog, this is the first place I start examining. I usually just comb the hair back in this area and many times will see fleas or at least flea dirt. This
is an important point. Sometimes, there are only a few fleas. Good luck finding them on a 60-pound black dog. However, fleas always leave their telltale sign, “flea dirt.” Flea dirt is actually flea poop, and it looks like little black flecks of pepper in the hair near the skin. So, dog itching? Get in some good lighting and start looking through the hair near the tail base for fleas or flea dirt. If he has hair loss in that area, or some flea dirt, he’s got fleas. Cats are trickier. Because they are such good groomers, they often keep flea numbers down. They often get scabs around their head and neck from fleas. With cats, I still look around their rump, but also look on their belly and around their neck too. Okay, now that we know how to find them, let’s revisit some basics about these horrible little bugs and how you can avoid an unwelcome infestation in your home. First a few important flea facts: Fleas live their entire adult life on a single animal. In other words, they do not hop from dog to dog. Once they find a friend to live on, they stay until they die. One flea can lay up to 50 eggs per day! These eggs are laid on the animal, but they are “slippery” and soon fall off into the environment, i.e., the floor, your couch, your bedspread. These eggs develop into tiny larvae, which develop into pupae, a little cocoon of sorts. This is all very small, almost microscopic. The spaces between your hardwood floorboards are more than enough for this to occur! Pupae hatch into adult fleas that quickly look for an animal to jump on. Pupae are stimulated to hatch by carbon dioxide, heat, vibration, and shadowing, essentially by an animal walking by. If not stimulated, the Pupae
CROZETgazette can stay in a dormant state for up to 9 months. That’s why the old lake house can still be infested with fleas even though it’s been dormant all winter! I mention all this because it is important in understanding how to treat a flea problem, as well as understanding how they get on your pet. The reason that the fall is the worst time of year for fleas is that the environment outside is perfect for them. It’s still warm, but not too hot, and the cooler evenings and extra ground moisture allow flea eggs to do very well outside. Every night, right outside your back door, there may be raccoons, opossums, stray cats, etc. with fleas. When they hang out in your yard, they are dropping flea eggs everywhere! Your poor cat or dog goes outside to use the bathroom and some new adult fleas hatch and jump on your unsuspecting pet. Once they come inside and start laying eggs, you’ve got a problem. So one important point is that flea exposure is often out of your control. There will be flea exposure, and the severity of it really varies depending on where you live. Another important point is that killing the adult fleas on your pet is easy. Even a simple flea shampoo can easily kill all the fleas on your pet. But the real problem is the 2000 flea eggs that are now in your home, that are quickly going to hatch and put fleas right back on your pet. Fortunately, in 2015 nobody has to deal with fleas on their pets. There are many excellent, and safe flea medications available. Yes, they are indeed all “pesticides” that we are putting on or in our pets. However,
Water
—continued from page 19 installed a rain garden? Debates about what is impervious or what is a valid credit are likely to arise. Is a partially grass covered, gravel driveway impervious? Is a dirt road on a farm impervious? Is a 55-gallon rain barrel connected to a downspout worthy of a credit? The Board of Supervisors and County staff are actively grap-
SEPTEMBER 2015 most really do have a great track record of safety and walk that line of “toxic to the fleas and tick, but safe for the pet.” I would love never to use these products on my pets, but, sorry, I’m not going to have fleas and ticks in my house and I don’t want my pets to suffer from these parasites either. Note: flea collars, flea dips, flea powders, Hartz/Sargeants flea drops at the store, and bombing your house are all oldschool, ineffective, and potentially harmful to your pet. The newer meds like topical frontline, revolution, and advantix, or the new oral meds like Nexgard and Comfortis are very effective and generally very safe. They all have their potential issues, and that is something to discuss with your veterinarian, but there are so many good options, at least a few of these will be appropriate for your individual pet. Use a monthly flea preventative and you’ll likely not have to deal with these little buggers. If you find your pet with fleas, start a monthly treatment/preventative asap, and then vacuum your house like crazy— vacuuming can be very effective at getting up some of the eggs, larvae, and pupae. Focus especially where your pets spend the most time. Be sure to treat ALL pets in your house. If your dogs have fleas, your cats most definitely have fleas as well. It may take a few weeks for you not to see any more fleas once you start treatment. There are still going to be some pupae in your house that have to hatch. The adults will jump on your dog and then die, but it takes a few weeks for most of the pupae to finally hatch.
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pling with how to respond at the local level to expanding federal and state water quality mandates. The issues are complex and time is running short. Livelihoods will be impacted. So will property owners. To create and maintain broad support, any new and expanded water programs need to be cost-effective and achieve measurable benefits felt locally. The time is ripe to get informed and to get involved.
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CROZETgazette
SEPTEMBER 2015
© J. Dirk Nies, Ph.D.
A Floriescense Water View Yin shui, si yuan (When you drink the water, remember the spring.) – Chinese Proverb. Water is the most critical resource issue of our lifetime and our children’s lifetime. The health of our waters is the principal measure of how we live on the land. – Luna Bergere Leopold, son of famed land conservationist Aldo Leopold, and U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Chief Hydrologist from 1956 to 1966.
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Our economy, our society, our very lives depend on water. Abundant, clean, fresh water is as essential as the food we eat, as indispensable to us as the air we breathe. It is good and wise to remember where our water comes from. A thankful heart will make us appreciate it more and motivate and prompt us toward its care. Sixty years ago, Dr. Luna Leopold recognized conventional water management policy was not working. It wasn’t working because policy was based upon traditional political, social and economic factors. He articulated a broader, more scientifically based philosophy of water management. Successful management of water resources, he argued, must be guided by a thorough understanding of the natural hydrological cycle. Yes. To manage our water resources properly and effectively, we must have a high degree of ‘Natural Intelligence.’ We must recognize and appreciate how water moves through, interacts with, and is acted upon by the entire ecosystem. To understand water, we must also possess a comprehensive knowledge about the air, the land, and the plants and animals that live within the watershed. Water quality is like the canary in the coalmine. It is an indicator of working conditions. As Dr. Leopold said, “The health of our waters is the prin-
cipal measure of how we live on the land.” With this in mind, let us now turn our attention to the ambitious Chesapeake Bay Program, and the efforts of federal, state and local governments to fully restore the Chesapeake Bay and its rivers and streams by 2025. Let’s evaluate these programs from three Floriescence vantage points: Nature, justice and aesthetics. President Obama issued Executive Order 13508 on May 12, 2009, directing the federal government to redouble efforts to restore and protect the Chesapeake Bay and its watershed. “Despite significant efforts by Federal, State, and local governments and other interested parties, water pollution in the Chesapeake Bay prevents the attainment of existing State water quality standards and the ‘‘fishable and swimmable’’ goals of the Clean Water Act. At the current level and scope of pollution control within the Chesapeake Bay’s watershed, restoration of the Chesapeake Bay is not expected for many years. The pollutants that are largely responsible for pollution of the Chesapeake Bay are nutrients, in the form of nitrogen and phosphorus, and sediment. These pollutants come from many sources, including sewage treatment plants, city streets, development sites, agricultural operations, and deposition from the air onto the waters of the Chesapeake Bay and the lands of the watershed. Restoration of the health of the Chesapeake Bay will require a renewed commitment to controlling pollution from all sources as well as protecting and restoring habitat and living resources, conserving lands, and improving management of natural resources, all of which contribute to improved water quality and ecosystem health.” Prodded by this Executive Order and using the authority of federal, state and local statutes and regulations, the U. S, Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA), Virginia’s Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) and Albemarle County’s Department of Water Resources Management have prepared plans to reduce the flow of these pollutants into Chesapeake Bay waters. The operative phrase and guiding principle in the President’s Executive Order is “controlling pollution from all sources.” The most illuminating sentence is, “The pollutants that are largely responsible for pollution of the Chesapeake Bay are nutrients, in the form of nitrogen and phosphorus, and sediment.” Nutrients are pollutants! What does this tell us? It tells me two things. First, we are squandering resources. We are washing valuable assets down the drain. Nature’s ways of handling nutrients are much more frugal than ours. Second, labeling nutrients as pollutants stunts creative problem-solving and limits the effectiveness of governmental plans to improve the health of the Bay. These nutrients—nitrogen, phosphorus, soil—cycle through the atmosphere, the water and the land all the time. They are not hazardous toxins being discharged from a pipe or emitted from a stack. These are vital materials that are intimately woven all through the fabric of life. Traditional pollution control measures that do not fully take this into account will forever be inadequate for the task at hand. Consider this: Scientists have developed a multi-faceted water quality measure called the Bay Health Index. The Bay Health Index is an average of seven water quality indicators: chlorophyll a, dissolved oxygen, water clarity, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, aquatic grasses, and the benthic index of biological integrity. An Index rating of 100 percent is ideal. In 1991, the Bay Health Index stood at 50 percent. After more than two decades of pollution control programs and billions of dollars spent on bay restoration (total projected costs are in the tens of billions of dollars, most of which are unfunded), the Bay Health Index had worsened slightly. In 2013, it had dropped to 45 per-
CROZETgazette cent. Our current water protection programs are merely treading water. As things stand now, managing our water resources is like steering our car with the front end way out of alignment and the wheels out of balance. Until we address the underlying disorder, we are putting ourselves and others at greater risk of accident. We will be perpetually fighting the steering wheel unless we realign and rebalance our human economy with Nature’s economy. To bring about this necessary realignment, urban planners need to incorporate ecological knowledge into the design of communities. Architects need to integrate this knowledge into the design of homes and commercial office space. Manufactures need to put in place this knowledge into their factories and industrial operations. Farmers need to assimilate this knowledge into their farming practices. Smart planning, low impact development and green practices are happening. The transition away from the industrial, post-World War II economic model is exciting. And government, which has consistently promoted this unsustainable model, has a role to play in helping bring these transformations about. The urban poor often are exposed disproportionately to the sordid underbelly of our consumer economy. Not only are they at greater health risk by living in more highly degraded environments, they often are doubly impoverished by living within visually degraded environments as well. For example, Baltimore’s Patapsco River— which comprises the waters of the downtown Inner Harbor— and the adjacent Back River have a combined Bay Health Index of 19 percent. They earn a water quality grade of F. Four out of the seven water quality indicators have failing scores, including water clarity (0%), nitrogen (0%) and phosphorus (11%), all of which are “very poor.” These waters of the Upper Bay have the lowest ranking of any region within the Chesapeake Bay watershed. This is where restoration dollars should be spent. Closer to home, the James River Basin has scores of nitro-
SEPTEMBER 2015 gen (80%) and phosphorus (36%). Its water clarity score (6%) indicates we still have much work to do to reduce sediment runoff into the James. Focusing efforts here would make the largest impact on water quality. The Lower Bay, which receives the waters of the James River Watershed, has scores of nitrogen (97%) and phosphorus (99%). These are excellent. Like the James, however, its water clarity (5%) score is poor. Nevertheless, the overall Health Index of Lower Bay water is 61 percent. This is a “B-” grade, indicating “moderately good ecosystem health.” Many lower and middle income property owners, farmers and small business owners feel they are being squeezed ever tighter economically. To be successful, the County’s funding strategy for future water projects needs to be fair and equitable, and it should reflect these realities. The County should develop a more compelling vision that clearly illuminates tangible benefits that will be seen locally as well as regionally. The County’s action plan needs to better spell out how its expanding water programs will help residential property owners, business owners, and proprietors of local garden centers and nurseries, orchards, vineyards, farm pastures and hay fields become better stewards of water, nitrogen, phosphorus and soil—and how they will do so in a way that adds beauty to the landscape. The health of the Chesapeake Bay reflects how we live upon the land. The Chesapeake Bay Program will achieve equitable, comprehensive and long-lasting improvements in water quality as we redress our ways that are misaligned with Nature’s patterns. To make this happen here in Albemarle County and throughout the region, citizens should be encouraged—not threatened. Landowners need to be educated, not kept in the dark. As a community, we desire to be engaged and involved, not dictated to. And we all want leadership—not ‘we have to comply with mandates’ rhetoric —that reassures us that what we are doing as a community will make a real difference in the quality of water, the land and our lives.
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CROZETgazette
SEPTEMBER 2015
Behind Every Scientific Myth Is a Scientist Like most people, you probably have no idea that the story of a female mantis decapitating and eating the head of the male before, during, or after sexual relations is a myth. The worst aspect of this myth is that it originated with a bona fide scientist! Leland Ossian Howard, who was educated at Cornell University, was the chief entomologist of the U. S. Department of Agriculture from the late nineteenth century well into the beginning of the twentieth. He is credited with making the study of insects (entomology) a legitimate branch of the biological sciences. Unfortunately, his report of mantis mating behavior was not one of his finer moments as a researcher. As described in the October 8, 1886, issue of the journal Science, Howard brought a male Carolina Mantis (our native species) to the home of a friend who’d been keeping a solitary female in a jar as a pet. When he placed the male, which is smaller than the female, into the jar, it tried to escape—with good reason. Within a few minutes, the bigger female had grabbed the male and proceeded to feed upon him. Despite this, the male eventually managed to mate with the female after apparently realizing (according to Howard) that he was with a mantis of the opposite sex. Mr. Howard concluded that, “it seems to be only by accident that a male ever escapes alive from the embraces of his partner.” The research scientist claimed the female “had always been plentifully supplied with food” and “was apparently full-fed,” but obviously he was wrong.
His description of her feeding behavior is that of a ravenous individual. It should go without saying that if you confine two predators to a limited space from which neither can escape, one is going to kill the other when it gets hungry enough. In the natural world, size is usually the determining factor as to who the victor will be. Thus it should be expected that the larger female mantis would be the individual in the jar to get a meal. As the years were passing by without my having ever seen a female mantis of any species (we have at least three in our area) devour her mate, despite the fact that I’d seen plenty of mating mantises in the wild, I began to become suspicious of the oft-repeated story about these insects. As someone who is always paying attention to the world around me, I knew I should have witnessed this event if it were indeed the common mating behavior of mantises. I wasn’t at all surprised when I tracked down the anecdotal evidence for this assertion to find that the two mantises had been confined to a jar. They weren’t out in the real world but, rather, in a limited amount of space. What did surprise me was that this story, which is the source of the continuing urban legend, had found its way into print by way of an actual scientific publication. The mantis experiment was apparently considered legitimate science, presumably simply because it had been done by a certified scientist. But it illustrates a serious problem that has continued to this day in the biological sciences. People think they can learn the truth about nature by setting up artificial conditions in a lab, but the natural world is far too complex for anyone to
According to legend, this male mantis (the one on top) is done for. (Photo credit: Marlene A. Condon)
reliably replicate it for study. There are just too many variables. If you want to know the truth about nature, you must observe the real thing in the real world without interfering with it. Almost exactly a century after the mantis “discovery” was published, flawed scientific analysis again found its way into the popular press, where it is referenced to this day. Just last year National Geographic News published an essay regarding the 1980s study conducted by Stanley A. Temple, an avian ecologist, and his graduate student, Margaret C. Brittingham, to find out if bird feeding caused birds to become dependent upon feeders. In other words, if feeder food were suddenly taken away from birds that were accustomed to obtaining it in a particular location, would the birds be able to survive without such handouts. The experiment was done in the real world as opposed to a lab, which was a step in the right direction. However, the scientists jumped to conclusions that weren’t supported by the design of their study. At Devil’s Lake State Park in
Wisconsin in the winter of 1984-1985, feeders that had been stocked with seeds every winter for 25 years were removed by researchers. They then compared the survival rate of Black-capped Chickadees in that area to the survival rate of this species in an area where there had never been feeders. Dr. Temple informed the National Geographic writer that these results “provided no evidence for harmful effects of forcing the Devil’s Lake ‘feeder addicts’ to go ‘cold turkey’.” The implication, which the writer duly went on to inform readers (as have many writers since the Temple/Brittingham study was published) was that it was therefore okay for folks to suddenly stop feeding birds during the winter if, for example, they wished to go away for several days. But applying the results from a study done in one type of environment (“remote wooded areas where human habitation was limited”) to a totally different kind of environment (urban and suburban areas where often there won’t be much natural vegetation to provide an alternate food source) isn’t accept-
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CROZETgazette
Grammar
—continued from page 31
choice between I and me is usually clear. The errors more often occur when we talk about pairs or groups of people, for example “I hope you will invite my sister and I to your pool party” (I’d rather not invite either one if you can’t speak correctly!) or “My brother and me would love to come.” So when you are unsure which to use, the easiest test is simply to remove the other person from the sentence and consider how you would say it if only you were involved. You would never say, “I hope you will invite I to the party” now, would you? Since both people are objects of the invitation, ‘my sister and me’ would be correct. Similarly, if I said “Jane and me enjoyed the Million Puppet March in D.C.,” I could test my choice by removing Jane from the equation. “Me enjoyed the Million Puppet March” is a locution that would be uttered only by our friend Elmo (who was actually there!). So clearly, “Jane and I enjoyed the Million Puppet March” is the correct way to
SEPTEMBER 2015 express this thought. But what about myself? Answer: fuggedabout it! You should NEVER, ever substitute “myself ” for either me or I—as in “Myself and my crew visited the site last week…” or “Please contact Bill or myself with questions.” Myself is a reflexive pronoun that should be used only (and it’s rarely) when you are the object of your own action, as in “I don’t ever see myself bungee jumping” or “I gave myself a birthday present.” It can also be used for emphasis, as in “I wrote the book myself.” However, if you insert a preposition, “me” should be used as the object of that preposition, so “the book was written entirely by me” is correct. Using myself in place of I or me only makes the speaker sound both uneducated and pretentious, so if in doubt, just avoid it altogether. Or use the grammar checker at www.grammarly. com. For more insight into all of this, check out the Grammar Girl blog at www.quickanddirtytips.com/grammar-girl.
Homemade Natural Weed Killer* By Clover Carroll clover@crozetgazette.com By now most of us know that we should avoid using Roundup, the glyphosate pesticide sold by Monsanto. Roundup pollutes our groundwater and can be extremely harmful to people, pets, butterflies, and all pollinators; it has been shown to cause cancer, infertility, birth defects, and respiratory problems when breathed. Moreover, genetically modified “Roundup Ready” crops are killing insects beyond those intended, including butterfly larvae, and its widespread use has spawned new “superweeds” (similar to antibiotic-resistant bacteria) that even Roundup can no longer kill. So why not use this natural weed killer you can make at home and use to control your weeds while still protecting the environment? I found this cheap, easy recipe on Facebook, thanks to www.thecentsableshoppin.com. Best of all, it works!!
1 gallon white vinegar 1 cup table salt 1/3 cup (or 6 Tbsp) liquid Dawn dish detergent Mix well, pour into a spray bottle, and spray on weeds. I used it on the grass growing through the cracks in my long brick sidewalk. They were dead as doornails in less than 24 hours, and stayed that way. Happy gardening! * This home recipe appeared in The Gazette last summer and is reprinted now due to reader requests.
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Toastmasters International Club Forms in Crozet Toastmasters International, a non-profit club that that develops public speaking skills and leadership through practice and feedback, is forming a Crozet club. Since 1924, Toastmasters International has helped millions of men and women become more confident in front of an audience with a learn-bydoing program. Toastmasters charges a minimal fee to learn and practice speech presentation. The Crozet Toastmasters club will give you the skills and confidence to express yourself effectively in any situation. You will be more persuasive and confident when giving presentations and you will improve your oneon-one dealings with others. Leadership is the art of persuasion and leaders are good communicators. Toastmasters will teach how to vary approaches to suit different needs and different circumstances. This could be a sales
presentation, a presentation for fundraising, or simply communication with your family. The club environment is friendly and supportive, as well as self-paced, allowing members to build confidence with each speaking assignment. Constructive evaluation is the heart of the Toastmasters program. Each time a prepared speech is presented, an evaluator will point out strengths and suggest improvements. Over time speaking will become second nature and crutch words will be eliminated. Crozet Toastmasters will host a demonstration Tuesday, September 8 at 6 p.m. at Tabor Presbyterian Church’s PickardChiles Fellowship Hall on Tabor Street in Crozet. Regular meetings will convene every Tuesday. Visitors are always welcomed. For more information, write Christina Brown at cbrown8853@gmail.com.
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CROZETgazette
SEPTEMBER 2015
BY DR. ROBERT C. REISER
crozetannals@crozetgazette.com
All Fall Down
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Fall is in the air. The nights are cool, the days are shortening, and in the surest sign of all, the UVA students are back. This is nice; they bring energy and beauty with them. They also bring traffic and parking headaches. We see the students in the ER disproportionally in the first week back to school. Away from home for the first time, newly liberated from their parents, they tend to wander into new adventures that land them on our doorstep. After that they acclimate and we tend to see little of them until finals when stress and fatigue take their toll in emotional and physical wellness. But summer is not truly over. We are still seeing the usual excess trauma associated with the warm weather. People are out driving, boating, motorcycling, drinking. In one recent week we had five fatal car crashes. That was a tough week on us and the EMS/Police communities that are our extended family in the field. There was a palpable pall overlying the otherwise also very busy ER. So seeing the returning healthy students with minor injuries and illnesses is most refreshing. I guess everybody gets refreshed in different ways. ER docs are a different breed. The students are diverse lot hailing from all points of the compass. Along with their backpacks and laptops they carry back with them the potential for exotic diseases that we rarely see here. I have treated them for dengue fever and malaria and screened them for chikungunya and MERS, the Middle Eastern respiratory virus, as well as TB and hantavirus. Now the CDC has asked to be on the alert for another exotic foe that does not natu-
rally occur here; Plague! Yes, plague, the Black Death, bubonic plague, the scourge of the Middle Ages has infected a dozen Americans this year, killing four. Fortunately plague does not exist naturally in Virginia, but it is endemic in the western United States where some of our students hail from. Plague has been recorded in the rest of the world since before biblical times but only came to US shores recently. The first outbreak in the U.S. was in San Francisco in 1900, brought in by rats on a ship from China. From there it slowly spread eastward, as far east as Colorado to date. Plague is caused by a bacterium called Yersinia pestis. It is quite lethal, with mortality rates upwards of 80 percent in untreated individuals. It is so lethal that during the Middle Ages nearly half of Europe’s population was wiped out and it took centuries for the population to recover to its previous levels. Plague is spread from person to person in multiple ways. The classic teaching is that fleas spread the disease by biting infected rats and then biting humans. This does happen and is likely how most of the U.S. cases occurred, although in the American West prairie dogs are the most common endemic reservoir of Yersinia pestis. Plague can also be spread by contact with dead animals that had the plague, person-to-person contact, respiratory droplets, surface contamination, fecal oral transmission and in rare cases can be food-borne. You don’t want this bacterium on a cruise ship. Eighty percent of patients with plague present with the classic bubonic form of plague. Bubonic plague is named for
CROZETgazette
SEPTEMBER 2015
the buboes that form in infected individuals. Buboes are golf ball-sized swollen lymph nodes, usually in the groin (bubo means groin in Greek) but also in the armpits, neck, and behind the knees. Death follows in next several days if untreated. Fortunately we have very effective treatments, and many common antibiotics will kill Yersinia if the disease is recognized early enough Unfortunately 20 percent of cases of plague present as either septicemic or pneumonic plague. The disease is primarily in the blood or the lungs and the characteristic buboes do not form. This presentation looks very much like the flu or other nonspecific illnesses with fever, headache, cough and malaise. Unlike the flu, though, pneu-
monic plague and septicemic plague progress ferociously and rapidly with death coming in hours or days. As the old children’s rhyme goes, “ashes, ashes (achoo, achoo) all fall down,” a fairly accurate description of the progression and contagiousness of the disease. Often the patients’ fingers and toes will turn black with the onset of gangrene and this gruesome finding is responsible for the moniker the Black Death. (ICD 10 code 020.9 if I ever need to bill for it.) So I shall keep plague in mind for a little while longer. Everything old is new again. Fortunately fall not only brings colorful foliage and football but also ends the plague season until next spring and summer. Ashes ashes all fall down.
Naturalist
when he wrote in the 2000 January-February issue of Audubon magazine that “it is likely the birds that visit your feeders will not suffer if you leave your feeders empty for a few weeks of winter vacation.” But on the contrary, the Temple/Brittingham study strongly suggests that if you went on vacation just as the weather turned bitterly cold this past February, for example, and you left your feeders empty, you likely had some bird mortality as a result. According to their study, Black-capped Chickadees did benefit from the availability of feeders during periods of frigid temperatures, with 93 percent of feeder birds surviving such conditions compared to only 67 percent of individuals without access to a feeder. Indeed, Eastern Bluebirds and Carolina Wrens (along with some other species of birds and mammals) took a big hit in February of 2015 because of extreme cold and limited access to natural foods because of snow. When it comes to the natural world, just because a scientist says it’s so doesn’t mean that it actually is.
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able. The results will not necessarily be the same. Especially surprising is how the researchers denied their own results to conclude that most species of feeder birds aren’t harmed when feeders are left empty in winter. The Temple/ Brittingham study found that “69 percent of the birds that were using feeders were still alive the following spring, while only 37 percent lived through the winter without access to feeders.” That’s a stunningly remarkable difference in survival! Most perplexing to me is how the final conclusions drawn from this research could have been acceptable to the grad student’s thesis advisor, her dissertation committee, the Ph.D.granting university, and the prestigious Cornell Lab of Ornithology that publicized these conclusions in Living Bird magazine. Equally baffling is that another scientist—Dr. Stephen W. Kress, a well known ornithologist—referenced this study
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CROZETgazette
SEPTEMBER 2015
Name That Cuttery (Groanworthy puns in honor of cruciverbalist Merl Reagle, who died last month at age 65.)
ACROSS 1 HR term for employee work load 4 Where most people live 8 Rhododendron relative 14 Reed or Gehrig 15 Pong’s other half 16 More optimistic 17 Auto sticker abbr. 18 Melville South Sea romance 19 Copy reader 20 Salon for Donald Trump? 23 Military mail 24 In the style of 25 Quiche kin 28 Salon that tames beastly tresses? 34 Old Italian money 35 Burden 36 Salon with more than one dimension? 41 Attention getting sound 43 Amphibian wart source? 44 Salon with heavenly results? 51 Slippery one 52 Three hugs on paper 53 Esau’s land 55 Salon with killer dos? 60 How Biden might refer to Obama 63 Less than one 64 Bond creator, _____ Fleming 65 Mexican treat wrapped in corn husks
by claudia crozet Solution on page 46
66 Rip 67 Ballet center? 68 Fence crossings 69 Palindromic name of many rulers of 42D 70 Govt. retirement benefits source
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DOWN 2 Former 9th planet that was demoted in 2006 3 September holiday 4 The ninth month 5 H.S. freshmen are in this grade 6 San Francisco pro football team, the Forty-_____ 7 Magicians’ and fairies’ props 15 Team with 9 players 16 “I’m on _____ nine!” (Really, really happy) 17 Opposite of winner 19 No score, in soccer
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Kids’ Crossword by Louise Dudley
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CROZETgazette
SEPTEMBER 2015
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CLASSIFIED ADS Become a CAREGiver: Make a difference in a senior’s life! It takes a special person to be a Home Instead Senior Care CAREGiver, not a special degree. We are always looking for people who are dependable and compassionate to join our team. No experience necessary! Paid on-going training is provided. We provide services such as companionship, meal preparation, transportation, and personal care. Must be 21 years of age and consent to pre-employment state and national background checks and drug screenings. Please call 434.979.4663 with any questions or fill out an application online atwww. homeinstead.com/532. Matthew Bailey, of Waynesboro, at the SK8CROZET fundraiser at Crozet Park on August 29. Photo courtesy Active for All.
SK8CROZET Event Raises Funds for Multi-use Perimeter Trail at CCP and more. Phase 2 will focus on paving the pedestrian trails that connect to the Park and to nearby neighborhoods. These trails are shown in the Albemarle County Comprehensive Plan. SK8CROZET was founded by the family of Daniel Mark Neumeister in his memory. SK8CROZET is matching every dollar donated. To contribute, send a check payable to Claudius Crozet Park, with SK8CROZET in the memo line, to P.O. Box 171, Crozet, VA 22932. For more information, visit sk8crozet.com.
PHOTO COURTESY SK8CROZET
SK8CROZET hosted a fundraiser at Claudius Crozet Park August 29 to raise funds for the construction of a multiuse perimeter trail at the park. The SK8CROZET trails project will be divided into phases: Phase 1 will provide an 8-foot-wide paved trail around the perimeter of Crozet Park that will serve as the epicenter for the Crozet Connector Trail and Greenway network. The perimeter trail will be about one mile in length and will be used by walkers, runners, cyclists, skateboarders, in-line skaters,
WELLS FARGO IS SEEKING FULL-TIME Personal Bankers and PartTime Tellers for area stores. Visit www.wellsfargo.com/ careers and search for jobs in Charlottesville & Waynesboro. (Note: Current Stoney Creek opening searchable under Waynesboro.) GET HEALTHY AND HAPPY: It’s time to stop making excuses and get in shape now. Come try out Boot Camp for REAL People, a non-intimidating outdoor exercise class for all ages and abilities held at Crozet Park. All classes are led by Certified Personal Trainers. For more information or to register visit www.m2personaltraining. com or call Melissa Miller at 434-962-2311. THANK YOU CROZET for trusting in our twin senior daughters. They are available for pet and babysitting during the school year. Call: 434-4659019.
W A R E H O U S E ASSOCIATES NEEDED IN CROZET! Manpower is looking for Pickers/Packers for exciting new opportunities. Job duties: Candidates will play a key role in picking and packing merchandise in a busy warehouse. Hours: 9 a.m. - 6 p.m. Monday Friday. Pay rate: $9.50/ hour. Are you interested? Please contact Danielle Dalton 434.245.0071 x70318. Danielle.Dalton@man power.com. P E A C H T R E E BASEBALL’S ANNUAL MEETING: Please join us on Wednesday, October 21, 7 p.m. at Field School. Do you enjoy watching the kids play and learn the game of baseball? Wondering how you can help the league grow? Are you interested in giving back to the kids in our community? We are currently accepting names for the following board positions for 2016-2018: President; VP Babe Ruth; Treasurer; Coaches Rep Babe Ruth; Coaches Rep Major/Minor; Publicity Director; Umpire Coordinator; Fundraiser Coordinator; Historian; Coordinator, non-board positions; Concession Stand Coordinator; All Star Coordinator; Field Fundraising Committee; Babe Ruth Secretary/ Coordinator. Applicants must submit their name and the position you are interested in via email by 5 p.m. on Thursday, October 1, 2015 to Peachtree Baseball, attention Cheryl Madison, President. madisonhi@aol. com
Classified ads start at $16 (repeating) and include free online placement. To place an ad, email ads@crozetgazette.com or call 434-249-4211
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CROZETgazette
SEPTEMBER 2015
BEREAVEMENTS Michael Anthony Steele Sr., 58
June 19, 2015
Odd Stray-Gunderson, 91
July 22, 2015
Calvin F. Atwell, 87
July 23, 2015
Dorothy Garrison Coleman, 88
July 31, 2015
Robert Thomas Jones, 83
August 4, 2015
Kenneth McKinley Simpson Sr., 79
August 9, 2015
Michael Keith Morris, 60
August 10, 2015
Steven Warren Taylor, 48
August 10, 2015
Dorothy Stahl Pack, 92
August 11, 2015
Frank E. Ward, 95
August 11, 2015
Catherine Claire DeLaura, 57
August 14, 2015
Paul David Foster Sr., 94
August 14, 2015
Ronald R. Roberts, 82
August 15, 2015
Betty Lawson, 93
August 17, 2015
Ruth Parks Drexler, 94
August 19, 2015
John Edward Mann Jr., 65
August 19, 2015
Joe Randolph Gentry Sr., 79
August 20, 2015
Gerald Arthur Halbert, 74
August 22, 2015
Ronald Lee Parrish, 62
August 23, 2015
Ronald E. Shuey, 67
August 23, 2015
Hilda Hope McCauley Cason, 87
August 24, 2015
Arvenie Marie Shifflett, 87
August 26, 2015
Serving Western Albemarle Families Since 1967
Ruritan Scholarships Go to Frazier, Sandridge The White Hall Ruritan Club awarded $1,000 scholarships to two 2015 Western Albemarle High School graduates in June. Heather Frazier received the Dan Maupin Scholarship to attend James Madison University. She wants to teach English literature at the high school or college level. Adeline Sandridge received the Walter Perkins Scholarship to attend the Frank Batten School for Leadership and Public Policy at the University of Virginia.
The scholarships are awarded annually to Crozet/White Hallarea students based on scholastic achievement and civic contributions. The club also presented the Ann Campbell Awards for outstanding effort and achievement in academics to Micaela Barclay and Cody Frazier, both fifth grade students at Crozet Elementary School. These awards were accompanied by $50 gift certificates to Over the Moon Bookstore.
In the Garden
in deep sand and salt spray. Two species of wax myrtle grow well at the beach: the evergreen southern wax myrtle (Myrica cerifera) is native from North Carolina southwards. Its deciduous relative bayberry (M. pensylvanica) fills the same niche further north. Both bear waxy berries that birds relish. A couple of things to avoid in your beach landscape: one is thorny elaeagnus (Elaeagnus pungens) a potentially invasive plant that also scrambles up through adjoining plants and is a general nuisance. The other: attempting to transform a beach property into a suburban landscape. An irrigated lawn not only looks out of place, but squanders a precious resource. And if you can dodge hurricanes, fall is a great time to get down to the beach. Still lots in bloom, and temps are cooler.
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spreading, artistic form. It reportedly is short-lived in the south, and I did see a fair number of dead trees on a recent visit to the Outer Banks. We’re all familiar with the eastern red cedar (Juniperus virginiana), although it’s not a salt-tolerant tree. The variety silicicola is very much so, however, and occurs as a native from North Carolina down to Florida and Texas. It should also do okay if planted as far north as Virginia Beach. The live oak (Quercus virginiana) is native from southern Hampton Roads and on south. A large tree in the interior, it grows as a stunted, salt-sculpted specimen near the beach. Its cousin sand live oak (Q. geminata) is smaller and also survives
Local Insurance Agency Has a Big Check for WAHS Athletics
Robert S. Anderson & John W. Anderson, Jr., D I R E C T O R S
823-5002 5888 St. George Avenue Crozet, VA 22932
Gazette obituaries are only $25 for up to 500 words, including a photograph. Call 434-466-8939 or emails ads@crozetgazette.com for details.
State Farm agent Larry Whitlock donated $1,400, and Western Albemarle athletic director Steve Heon accepted.
CROZETgazette
Football
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ready for their boys to take the field, cheering their team, asking them to repel the invader. The Warriors were having none of that, though. They came intending to build on last year’s success, 11-3 overall. Right out of the box, Western was mimicking Jackson’s Valley Campaign, running everywhere and winning most of the battles. Early touchdown runs by quarterback Sam Hearn and tailback Oliver Herndon set the tone for the night, with only a few hiccups keeping this game from being a shutout. The Warriors notched a 55-14 win that, for three quar-
SEPTEMBER 2015
ters, was a highlight reel for Herndon’s career-best 305 yards on 21 carries and five touchdowns. No slouch himself, Hearn ticked off 130 punishing yards and scored twice in the first quarter. The passing game, sure to be essential as the season progresses, saw Hearn launch a scoring pass to senior Michael Vale, also completing three tosses to sophomore Derek Domecq (two for first downs). But it was lane-clearing blocking by the offensive line that gave the running game the room to move into the secondary and beyond. Vale was huge in this area, also anchored by seniors Matthew Mullin and Sam Carey, newcomer Joey Bowen and junior Ryan Adcock.
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The Warriors swarmed Broadway. Photo by Jerry Reid.
The defense, despite a lapse that led to an 86-yrd touchdown on a kickoff return, was a shut-down unit all game long. While Noah and Osiris Crutchfield roamed the line, stacking up running plays, sophomore Luke Tenuta used his 6’6” height and athleticism to swipe a pass late in the game as part of his debut for the Warriors. Statistics aside, the night was
filled with instances of success by a team well-prepared for this season. Continuing his winning ways, Head Coach Ed Redmond, amply aided by his staff, had the team ready to play. They did so with an intense concentration on the job at hand, and served notice, home or away, District or non-District, that they are to be reckoned with. Under a full moon, the Warriors gave a full effort.
JV Football Takes Down Broadway 26-7 by David Wagner david@crozetgazette.com The Western Albemarle JV football team opened the 2015 season with a solid 26-7 win over Broadway High School at Warrior Field August 26. The defense led the way for the Warriors, allowing only 65 yards of total offense and one touchdown. On offensive, freshman quarterback Jack Weyher, freshman running back Jack Lesemann and sophomore running back Matthew Simmons provided most of the production, as the Warriors took control of the game from the opening possession and never looked back. The Warriors received the opening kickoff and went on a nine-play, 56-yard touchdown drive. Lesemann started it with a 21-yard power run to the Broadway 35-yard-line. Four plays later, Weyher scampered 11 yards for the first down on third and nine and soon after, on fourth and 6, he capped the drive off with a 7-yard touchdown pass to Leseman.
Freshman placekicker Harley Davies added the extra point kick to give Western a 7-0 lead. The Warriors’ defense met Broadway’s opening possession like a stonewall, forcing a threeand-out. Western started its next drive at the Broadway 44 yard line and five plays later they were in the end zone for their second touchdown of the game. Simmons ran 27 yards to the 11 yard line and soon scored on a 4-yard run. Davies added his second extra-point kick and Western led 14-0. On Broadway’s next possession, the Warriors took advantage of a turnover. Sophomore linebacker Sebastian Crescimanno scooped up a fumble and rumbled 20 yards to the Broadway 13 yard line. On the next play, Weyher out-ran the Gobbler defense around the left end for a 13-yard score. Western was up 20-0. The Warriors forced another three-and-out and then the two teams traded turnovers before Broadway got their first real break of the game. Western decided to go for it on fourth
and 2 at their own 40-yard line, but the Broadway defense held and won great field position. Broadway running back Justin Collier promptly raced 40 yards to put Broadway on the scoreboard. Seizing some momentum, Broadway forced another turnover on Western’s next possession and took over at the Warrior 37 yard line with 5:01 to play in the first half. Once again, the Western defense forced a three and out. After two incomplete passes and a sack, the Gobblers faced fourth and 17 at the Warriors’ 44 yard line. Broadway tried to fool the Warriors with a fake punt but failed and turned the ball over on downs. Weyher threw an interception two plays later, but the Warrior defense remained tough and forced their fourth three-and-out of the half. Weyher got back on track. On first down he carried the ball for 16 yards into Broadway territory. Then he found Lesemann for a 10-yard completion and on the next play Simmons ran 27 yards for his second touchdown, giving the
Warriors a 26-7 lead at the half. The second half was marred by penalties and proved to be much less exciting than the first half. The Warrior defense forced punts on all four Broadway possessions, allowing zero total yards of offense in the half. Clay Landis, Trev Awkard, Lesemann, Crescimanno, Connor O’Dea, Harland Shifflett and Jacob Jordan all had a sack or a tackle for loss. The Western defensive front spent much of the evening in the Broadway backfield and never let the Gobblers get anything going. Outside of the 40-yard TD run, the Warrior defense gave up only 25 yards of total offense. That’s virtually unheard of, even at the JV level. If the defense continues to be stingy and the talent at the skill positions on offense improves as it should, this could be a special JV squad. The team will play at home versus Monticello Tuesday, September 22, at 6:30 p.m. and Wednesday, September 30 at 6:30 p.m. versus Powhatan.
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CROZETgazette
SEPTEMBER 2015
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Crozet Artisan Depot where creativity meets community In the historic train depot at:
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CROZETgazette
SEPTEMBER 2015
Add yours for as little as $45 a month! Call 434-249-4211 or email ads@crozetgazette.com
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Second Saturday Art Opening
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Art on the Trax will present “Cool Landscapes and Warm Flowers” Pastel Paintings by Nancy Galloway during the month of September, with a Second Saturday Artist Reception on Saturday, September 12. Local pastel artist Nancy Galloway is a student of the natural world. She has experience in clay, paint, and dry media, exploring landscapes and still life for 25 years. The pleasure she finds in observing light and nature are apparent in her displayed paintings. The Second Saturday reception is open to all. This reception is part of Crozet’s Second Saturday events and runs from 4 to 6 p.m. The Art Box’s famous ice cream sundaes topped with fruit from local orchards will be served. All events are free and open to the public. Art on the Trax is located in Creative Framing and The Art Box, across from the old Crozet depot, 5784 Three Notch’d Road in Crozet.
SEPTEMBER 15
Won’t Pipe Down Screening
Wild Virginia, a nonprofit dedicated to preserving Virginia’s national forests, will screen Won’t Pipe Down, a 30-minute documentary film about opposition to the proposed Atlantic Coast Pipeline that was made by students from James Madison University. The showing is September 15 at 7 p.m. at the Ivy Creek Natural Area Education Building, at 1780 Earlysville Road in Charlottesville. There is no charge. A panel discussion will follow.
SEPTEMBER 17
Culinary Competition at the Lodge
Four area chefs will compete to create the best dish from a mystery basket of locally sourced ingredients in the fourth annual Culinary Competition at the Lodge at Old Trail in Crozet September 17 from 6 to 8 p.m. This year the charitable event will benefit the Western Albemarle Rescue Squad. The competing chefs are two-time defending champion Mark Cosgrove of Fardowners Restaurant in Crozet, the Finazzo family team from Crozet’s Sal’s Restaurant, Harrison Keevil from Brookeville Restaurant in Charlottesville and Mary Beth Harris from AVA Restaurant and Wine Bar in Staunton. Chefs have one hour to prepare their
dishes after the ingredients are revealed. The judges will be Jack Hanny, a White House visiting chef and the author of Secrets From the White House Kitchen; Newsplex meteorologist Travis Koshko, Joe Thomas, host of WCHV’s Morning Show; and a fourth taster chosen by lottery at the event. There will be complimentary hors d’oeuvres and desserts and a silent auction of local art. Tickets are $20 in advance and $25 at the door. They can be purchased at the restaurants of the competing chefs, The Senior Center and The Lodge at Old Trail.
OCTOBER 10
Crozet Trails Crew 5K
The fifth annual Crozet Trails Crew 5K race will be held on Saturday, October 10, at Claudius Crozet Park. This year’s event will include the firstever Kids’ Run, with prizes for all! The course winds through eastern Crozet on trails largely built and maintained by local volunteers. This year’s Crozet Trails Crew 5K provides an opportunity to experience areas that are not normally available to residents, as a few private property owners have allowed one-day access to their properties for the run. The 5K Run/Jog/Walk will begin at 8:30 a.m., with the Kids’ Run and adult line up at 8 a.m. Participants may register in advance by visiting crozettrailscrew. org, or in person on Friday or Saturday. Packet pick up and/or registration will be held on Friday, October 9, from 6 to 8 p.m. at Crozet Running, 1159 Crozet Ave, and on Saturday morning at the Crozet Park YMCA from 7 to 8 a.m. All registrants will receive the 2015 race T-shirt designed by a local artist and sponsored by some of our local businesses. The online fee is $20 per person; in person is $25. This fee includes admission to the Crozet Arts and Crafts Festival, which opens at 10 a.m. at Crozet Park following the race! Both events benefit the non-profit Crozet Trails Crew and Crozet Park. A new bridge will be named in honor of the first place male and female 5K winners, and prizes will be awarded to the first and second place runners in each age category as well as all children under age 14. Finally, there will be a prize drawing for all race registrants at the award ceremony immediately following the race. Come out and celebrate our active Crozet community while supporting future development of our awesome trail system! For more information, contact jessica@crozettrailscrew.org. Or go to www. crozettrailscrew.org.