Ludic Landscape_Crystal (CHENRUI) QIAO_Unimelb_Landscape Thesis

Ludic Landscape ≠ Playground A sociable playscape that provides opportunities for chance encounters and promotes spontaneous interaction between people of all ages and socio-economic status

Desi g n T hes i s CHEN R U I Q I A O

Acknowledgement

CHENRUI QIAO 2021 SEM1 LANDSCAPE THESIS

I strongly acknowledge the traditional land on which we live and work and pay my respects to Elders past, present and future.

I would like to also acknowledge the inherent rights of First Nations peoples to preserve and care for Country while continuing to connect and practise the oldest living culture in the world.

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3

Introduction

CHENRUI QIAO 2021 SEM1 LANDSCAPE THESIS

As part of the Victorian Government’s largest investment in public housing renewal, more than 50 walk-up apartments in the Ascot Vale Estate will be demolished and redeveloped over the next 15 years, applying a socio-economic mixing strategy. Even though the social mix created by intentional government intervention has been effective in reducing public spending on renewal of public housing estates, the loss of community resulting from a lack of cross-status interaction has not been effectively addressed.

Ludic landscape takes a holistic approach by considering planning, architecture and landscape to offer a playful journey within the central hub of the Ascot Vale Estate. Building on Stevens’ (2007) The Ludic City, my design seeks to explore four fundamental categories of play (competition, self-challenge, simulation and chance) and weaves these elements into a story of topography, water and plants, while embracing sustainability with artisan re-interpretations of recycled materials. Sensory delight, bodily challenges, inclusive ramps and surprise exposure to new experiences complement the existing social hotspots and neighbourhood character to spark spontaneous interaction across social and economic divides.

The design language I have used for my proposal takes full consideration of the need for ‘blending in’. Any elements within this community landscape should not be easily identified as ‘something for the public housing tenants’, rather it should look like a playful public landscape that caters to a diversity of user groups.

Figure1&2 Wingate Community Centre, Food Relief Note. From The Wingate Hub, 2020. https://unionroad.com.au/traders/the-wingate-hub/. Copyright 2020 Union Road Traders Association.

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5

00. Table of Contents !

CHENRUI QIAO 2021 SEM1 LANDSCAPE THESIS

01. Background

05. Detail Design

p10 - p11

Challenges

p42 - p43

Site Context

p70 - p71

Detailed Plan

p12 - p19

Site Selection

p44 - p45

Permeability Analysis & Proposal

p72 - p77

Story of Topography

p20 - p23

Current Policies Proposed for the Site

p46 - p51

Macro-Scale Site Analysis

p78 - p79

Story of Plants

p24 - p25

Issues

p52 - p53

Spatial Relation Plan

p80 - p81

Story of Water

p26 - p27

Concerns and Excitement of Residents

p82 - p83

Precedent Study - Fitzroy Gardens

p28 - p29

Findings from Recently Built Renewal Sites

p84 - p87

Proposed Water System

p30 - p31

The Need for Innovative Design

p32 - p33

The Need for Spontaneity and Play

02. Manifesto

6

03. Concept Planning

04. Masterplan for Selected Area p56 - p59

Micro-Scale Site Analysis

p60 - p61

Categories of Play and Arrangement

p62 - p63

Play Program vs. Different Needs Matrix

p36 - p37

Design Statement

p64 - p65

Masterplan of Centre Block

p38 - p39

Theoretical Basis and Design Principles

p66 - p67

Masterplan Analysis

06.References p90 - p93

References

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CHENRUI QIAO 2021 SEM1 LANDSCAPE THESIS

Background

8

01.

9

1.1 Challenge

CHENRUI QIAO 2021 SEM1 LANDSCAPE THESIS

Areas of Gentrification or at Risk of Gentrification in Greater Melbourne

Housing Affordability

Legend

Housing affordability has been one of the most crucial challenges for the world, and Australia is no exception to this. According to the ANZ Housing Affordability Report (2019), the percentage of personal income paid in rent has risen from 23% to 29.5%. Even though the rent subsidy provided by the Victorian and Commonwealth governments is also rising, growing unemployment further challenges housing affordability. Furthermore, ever-increasing expenditure on social housing maintenance puts pressure on government finances.

Negative, No or Low Change

Rent to Income Ratio across Victoria (2005-2020)

Medium Change High Change Very High Change

29%

Gentrifying or at Risk of Gentrifying

28%

CBD

27% 26% 25% 24%

Public housing redevelopment admits of no delay, and the Public Housing Renewal Program (PHRP) is the key program to address the issue.

Average Unemployment Rate across Victoria (1995-2020)

Actual Rent Paid

4

1995

2000

2005

2010

2015

2020

0

2013

2015

2017

2019

2020

DHHS Budgeted and Actual Expenditure on Maintenance

6 Rent Assistance

4 2

50 %

2

2011

8

100 %

6

2009

10

150 %

8

2007

12

200 %

10

10

2005

Commenwealth Rent Assistance against Rise in Rent (1995-2020)

12

0

23%

0 2012-13 1995

2000

2005

2010

2015

2020

Budgeted

2013-14 Actual Planned Maintenance

2014-15

2015-16

Actual Vacate & Responsive Maintenance

Figure 3 Gentrified or at Risk of Gentrification at SA2s

Note. Adapted from Gentrification no longer limited as an ‘inner-city phenomenon’ in Aussie cities by The University of Queensland, 2020, July 25KM

50KM

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1.2.1 Site Selection

CHENRUI QIAO 2021 SEM1 LANDSCAPE THESIS

Public housing redevelopment sites within the inner Melbourne area 1

Taking the Melbourne Central Business District (CBD) as the circle center and 5km as the radius, this is the scope of the geographic extent defined as the inner Melbourne area.

Flemington Racecourse

4 2

Melbourne Zoo

3

Yarra Bend Park

In 2021, there are in total 20 public housing estates in the inner Melbourne area.

Including: Parkville Gardens; Flemington; Ascot Vale; Kensington Village; North Melbourne; Queen Elizabeth; Lygon Street; Elgin Square; Atherton Garden; Walker Street, Northcote; Boston Rae; Holmes Street; North Richmond; Collingwood; Port Melbourne; Park Tower; Horace Petty; Gronn Place Estate, Brunswick West; New Street, Brighton; Bangs St, Prahran Within these 20 public housing estate, there are 6 public housing redevelopment sites nominated for redevelopment.

1. Ascot Vale 2. Flemington 3. Abbotsford Street

Legend PHRP Site

12

Fitzroy Gardens

Westgate Park

Royal Botanic Gardens

4. Walker Street 5. North Richmond 6. Bangs Street

Albert Park Public Estate

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6 13

1.2.2 Site Selection

CHENRUI QIAO 2021 SEM1 LANDSCAPE THESIS

Economic Disadvantage Ranking The economic disadvantage ranking is calculated from the median personal weekly incomes in 2016 of each site. The median weekly incomes only measure the personal income for people aged 15 years and over. The lowest median personal weekly income was $323, which is Ascot Vale estate. The highest median personal weekly income is $644 which is Bangs St, Prahran.

Flemington Racecourse

Melbourne Zoo Yarra Bend Park

Fitzroy Gardens

Westgate Park

Albert Park

Legend Most Disadvantaged

14

Royal Botanic Gardens

Medium-High Disadvantaged

Average Disadvantaged

15

1.2.3 Site Selection

CHENRUI QIAO 2021 SEM1 LANDSCAPE THESIS

Housing Type Diversity Ranking There are 3 major types of public housing stock, comprising High-rise apartments, walk-up flats and single-family houses. Notably, the single-family houses also include detached houses and semi-detached houses. On the other hand, the walk-up flats are specifically the low-rise apartment buildings with no lift.

Flemington Racecourse

Melbourne Zoo Yarra Bend Park

Due to the large area covered, Ascot Vale Estate not only contains more than 50 walk-up flats but also many single-family houses, which makes the whole site more complex and diverse.

High-Rise Apartments

Single-Family Houses

Fitzroy Gardens

Walk-up Flats

Westgate Park

Figure 4&5&6 Housing Commission flats in Ascot Vale.

Note. From Housing Commission of Victoria, 2011. flickr.com/photos/legoblock/6294399026. Copyright Marcus Wong.

Wong, M. (2011). Housing Commission flats in Ascot Vale. flickr.com/photos/legoblock/6294399026.

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Royal Botanic Gardens

Albert Park

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1.2.4 Site Selection

CHENRUI QIAO 2021 SEM1 LANDSCAPE THESIS

Broader Inner Melbourne Public Housing Estate Complexity Ranking Overlay Flemington Racecourse

By overlaying the economic disadvantage ranking and the housing type diversity ranking, it is clear that the Ascot Vale Estateis the most complex and disadvantaged public housing estate within the inner Melbourne Area.

Melbourne Zoo Yarra Bend Park

If we can address some of the broader issues faced such as the lack of cross-status interaction by the Ascot Vale community, these strategies can then be applied to other similar sites.

Fitzroy Gardens

Therefore, the Ascot Vale Estate is selected as my site for exploration.

Westgate Park

Albert Park

Legend Highly Complex

18

Royal Botanic Gardens

Medium-High Complexity

Average Complexity

Least Complexity

19

1.4.1

CHENRUI QIAO 2021 SEM1 LANDSCAPE THESIS

Policies Proposed - Social Housing System Social Housing Low-priced housing for very low to moderate income households

What is the current category of the site

Eligibility

Social housing is the umbrella term for low-priced housing for very low to moderate income households, and depends on who is managing the accommodation, it can be divided into community housing and public housing. The income limits for applying public housing are listed in the diagram to the right.

The current Ascot Vale Estate belongs to the public housing category.

Since the new development will be apartments, the limited number of units set aside prior to redevelopment for private buyers to purchase will be under strata title.

Short-term Housing

Long-term Housing

Social housing is long‑term rental housing for eligible Victorians on low incomes, and in particular, for certain groups such as those who have experienced family violence, have a disability, or are elderly.

Weekly income limitation by househould type (2019)

Crisis Housing

C

Transitional Housing

P

Community Housing Owned or managed by community housing agencies

Public Housing

Single person

1,048 ($)

Couple, no dependant

1,603 ($)

Family (one or two parents) with maximum two dependent children

2,162 ($)

Each additional dependant

351 ($)

Owned and managed by Director of Housing

Rent

(Remaining units may become purchasable by public tenants some 7 years after the redevelopment is completed, if conditions for purchase are met.)

If the Market Rent ＞ 25% Rent Paid = 25% * (Total Household Income) + Rebate

Public Housing by Title Category

If the Market Rent ≤ 25%

The category that is applicable to the Ascot Vale Estate is highlighted in yellow in the diagram.

Separate Title

Strata Title

No Title

e.g. Individual houses, Detached-Houses

e.g. Flats, High-rise Apartment

e.g. Movable Units, Other Direct Tenure

Rent Paid = 25% * (Total Household Income)

Rent to Buy

Purchasable by Public Tenants Up to date with rent and other charges The property has a separate or strata title

Available for Purchase

F

First Home Onwer Grant

No Major work nor built by DHHS in the last seven years Do not own, assigned or have interest in another property Not located in high demand area

Unavailable for Purchase

Not included in future redevelopment, transit city or urban growth centres

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1.4.2 Policies Proposed - Funding System

CHENRUI QIAO 2021 SEM1 LANDSCAPE THESIS

Social Housing Priced housing for very low to moderate income househoulds

Why Social Mix Strategy

However, another challenge for this PHRP is the funding. According to the Department of Health and Human Services (2017) the Victorian government will contribute $185 million to public housing renewal along with $120 million dollars pipeline development for public housing estates.

The total $305 million is not sufficient to renew, grow and better align the state’s social housing supply to the demand of low-income and vulnerable Victorians.

Short-term Housing

Long-term Housing

Crisis Housing

C

Transitional Housing

P

The mix is not only on the ‘basis of mixed tenures, but also in terms of income, education, age, ethnicity, household type and gender of local residents’(Morris et al. 2012).

DHHS

Community Housing Owned or managed by community housing agencies

PHRP $185 million

Developers

$120 million

Pipeline

PPP or Joint Venture

Public Housing

Management

Owned and managed by Director of Housing

Public Housing by Title Category

No Title

Separate Title

Strata Title

e.g. Movable Units, Other Direct Tenure

e.g. Individual houses, Detached-Houses

e.g. Flats, High-rise Apartment

Community Management Organisation

Home Owner’s Association Fee SOLD & TRANSFER

MANAGED & REMAIN DHHS

Private Ownership

Purchasable by Public Tenants Under Conditions

Therefore, the social mix strategy is used to take full advantage of private investment. AHURI (2017) define social mix as a ‘combination of diverse shares of social groups in a neighbourhood’. In this process, some of the new apartment units will be sold to private owners to financially support the redevelopment of the estate.

A ‘combination of diverse shares of social groups in a neighbourhood’ (AHURI 2017)

Land Owner of Ascot Vale Estate

Economically Support

The Public Housing Renewal Program (PHRP), as one of the key components of the Homes for Victorians initiative, has the potential to ‘substantially address some of the broader legacy issues faced by the public housing system, rather than responding to them incrementally’ (Department of Health and Human Services 2017, p.6).

Social Mix

Public Housing Renewal Model

Owned by DHHS Rent

Available for Purchase

Renting Out

Self-Use

Rent-To Government Subsidy

Unavailable for Purchase

$

Market-Price Tenants

Private Owners

$

Rent-Subsidised Public Tenants

Complex Resident Composition

22

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1.5

CHENRUI QIAO 2021 SEM1 LANDSCAPE THESIS

Issues

A mixed-income strategy is becoming increasingly popular in Australia as a means of transforming and tackling concentrated disadvantage in public housing estates.

The policy of social mixing aims to create a neighbourhood that contains a balance of homeowners, private renters and public housing tenants by including the sale of new housing aimed at middle-class households as a component of the redevelopment of old inner city public housing stock. This method has been effective in reducing public spending on contemporary public housing estates, the fundamental social and economic exclusion within the low-income community is further entrenched by the policy of social mixing.

As a result of social mix strategy, there are owners, market-priced tenants and public tenants, and they all have different lifestyle, level of willingness to engage or interact. It leads to the 'loss of sense of community and lack of across-status interactions.

It is concluded by Atkinson and Keith (2008) that ‘public housing has created a system that collects the excluded, but further excludes residents from opportunities and [communities]’.

Resident Composition

Challenges

Possible Negative Consequences

Different Sense of Community Ascot Vale Estate

$

Loss of Sense of Community and Connection (Morris et al. 2012)

Cultural Segregation (Bolt, Phillips, and Van Kempen 2010)

Lack of Cross-Background Interactions (Chaskin, Robert, and Joseph 2011)

Different Level of Willingness to Engage

Renters

Owners

New Form of Stigma (McCormick, Joseph, and Chaskin 2012)

$

$

Market-Price Tenants

Rent-Subsidised Public Tenants

Tendency to Engage with Their Own Group

Different Lifestyle

24

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1.6

CHENRUI QIAO 2021 SEM1 LANDSCAPE THESIS

Concerns and Excitement of Residents

Ascot Vale Estate Shared Vision 1&2

Wingate Avenue Community Centre “Difficult to create community when mixing private (high turnover) tenant with public tenants.”

“It is unrealistic because that social and private residents will not integrate or want to socialise together.”

“Not sure about how social interactions in blending housing will work.”

“It is good to see if every apartment will be designed to meet our needs.”

“The fact is that public housing tenants are made eligible for a home in a public dwelling because they are already experiencing disadvantage.”

“Pressures for residents in innerMelbourne housing estates, including Ascot Vale, come not from being a public tenant but from living on lower incomes in areas that have become gentrified.”

“There is no avoiding the fact that [the social mix approach] will significantly change the profile of Ascot Vale.”

(DHHS, 2018; DHHS, 2019) Figure 7.

Community consultation for shared vision

(Smith & Thorpe, 2017)

Note. From Ascot Vale Estate Shared Vision 2 (p1), by Capire. 2019. Copyright Department of Health and Human Services.

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1.7

CHENRUI QIAO 2021 SEM1 LANDSCAPE THESIS

Findings from Recently Built Renewal Sites

Precedent - Valley Park Redevelopment, Westmeadows

Precedent - Kensington Public Housing Redevelopment Program “It is good in homogeneous sense, but it does not necessarily mean a good social mixing. ”

“There is little evidence at this stage of social mixing (social interaction) between the different tenure groups.”

“I don’t know my private neighbours, they are out all the time.”(Personal Communication)

“Private residents of the estate appear to mix more with other private residents in Kensington.”

“I was considering purchasing a property in valley park Westmeadows, but I am not entirely sure how the public housing system works in Victoria, and [I don’t know what the experience will be like] of living in that area or near the public housing.”

“[The current] community building programs do not appear to have improved connections between public housing tenants and private residents on the estate or in surrounding areas.”

(Shaw et al., 2013)

(Hassan, 2020)

Figure 8.

Flemington Community Centre

Note. From Melbourne School of Design, by MSD. 2017. Copyright Melbourne School of Design https://msd.unimelb.edu.au/events/maximising-the-social-benefits-of-public-housing-renewal

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1.8

CHENRUI QIAO 2021 SEM1 LANDSCAPE THESIS

The Need for Innovative Design

Figure 10.

Figure 3. Community Centre, Food Relief Wingate Mixed social and private housing development, Gipps Street, Abbotsford

Making Social Housing Work

Note.From FromCommunity The Wingate Hub.Industry Note.

Housing https://unionroad.com.au/traders/the-winga Association Victoria project profile. te-hub/. Copyright 2020 Union Road Traders https://chiavic.com.au/portfolio-item/gipps Association.

-st/.

Copyright 2021 of CHIA.

“The introduction of private dwellings on the site must occur in a way that encourages genuine social mix, where neighbours – whether public or private residents – are able to feel that each brings value to and derives value from their neighbourhood.”

“It requires a collaborative design of the social housing system, involving not only the tenants, but also government, community, business and designer.”

(Shaw et al., 2013)

“Failure to give as much attention to building community as to building property will mean that the problems the redevelopment seeks to overcome, namely the physical, economic and social isolation of public housing tenants, will be repeated.”

(Wingate Community Centre, 2017)

(Victorian Council of Social Services, 2014)

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Figure 9.

4.

Mixed social and privateFigure housing Wingate Community Food Relief development, Gipps Centre, Street, Abbotsford Note. From The Wingate Hub. Note. From Community Housing Industry https://unionroad.com.au/traders/the-winga Association Victoria project profile. te-hub/. Copyright 2020 Union Road Traders https://chiavic.com.au/portfolio-item/gipps Association.

-st/. Copyright 2021 of CHIA.

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1.9

CHENRUI QIAO 2021 SEM1 LANDSCAPE THESIS

The Need for Spontaneity and Play

What can Play Bring to Us - Trust & Bonds

Figure 11. Note. From Facebook Page of Wingate Avenue Community Centre, 2020. https://www.facebook.com/mooneevalleycc/photos/ cb.42 34044319944591/4234043236611366/. Copyright Wingate Community Centre.

Figure 12. Note. From Facebook Page of Wingate Avenue Community Centre, 2020. https://www.facebook.com/wingateavecc/photos/pcb.1594394283950974/159437 7507285985/. Copyright Wingate Community Centre.

Figure 13. Note. From How Building Trust Accelerates Workplace Productivity, 2017. https://www.hubgets.com/blog/building-trust-workplace-productivity-hack/ Copyright Remus Serban.

What is Lacking - Spontaneity ”The current community-building program is missing an opportunity to build voluntary connections between the different tenure groups on the estate.”

(Shaw et al., 2013) 32

1

What is Play - An Innate Behaviour

“Viewing play as a life-span activity, [it can] foster community building that requires dialogue, trust, and reciprocity, sharing and negotiation.”

(Harries and Daley, 2008)

2

“Play is voluntary, spontaneous, intentional, pleasurable, rewarding, re-inforcing or autotelic action [that fulfills our innate need] to explore, discover, experiment.” (Leeuwen and Westwood, 2008) ”Play in urban public spaces includes actions lacking clear instrumental benefits, separation from everyday experience, exploratory encounters with the [unknown].”

(Donoff and Bridgeman, 2017)

3

“Man only plays when he is in the fullest sense of the word a human being, and he is only fully a human being when he plays.”

(Friedrich Schiller, 2004)

Figure 13.

Building trust through interactions.

Figure 12.

Hop On Sports Program with The Huddle

Figure 11.

Mamma’s Kitchen, voluntarily supporting food relief program in Wingate Avenue Community Centre

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CHENRUI QIAO 2021 SEM1 LANDSCAPE THESIS

Manifesto

34

02.

35

2.1

CHENRUI QIAO 2021 SEM1 LANDSCAPE THESIS

Design Statement

Figure 14.

Community Festival in Ascot Vale.

Ludic Landscape ≠ Playground A sociable playscape that provides opportunities for chance encounters and promotes spontaneous interaction between people of all ages and socio-economic status Ludic landscape takes a holistic approach by considering planning, architecture and landscape to offer a playful journey within the central hub of the Ascot Vale Estate.

Building on Stevens’ (2007) The Ludic City, my design seeks to explore four fundamental categories of play (competition, self-challenge, simulation and chance) and weaves these elements into a story of topography, water and plants, while embracing sustainability with artisan re-interpretations of recycled materials.

Sensory delight, bodily challenges, inclusive ramps and surprise exposure to new experiences complement the existing social hotspots and neighbourhood character to spark spontaneous interaction across social and economic divides.

Note. From Community Festival in Ascot Vale, 2017. https://www. facebook.com/wingateavecc/photos/a.557012774355802/14893211 27791624. Copyright Wingate Community Centre.

36

The design language I have used for my proposal takes full consideration of the need for ‘blending in’. Any elements within this community landscape should not be easily identifi ed as ‘something for the public housing tenants’, rather it should look like a playful public landscape that caters to a diversity of user groups.

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2.2

CHENRUI QIAO 2021 SEM1 LANDSCAPE THESIS

Theoretical Basis and Design Principles Theory : The Ludic City Concept (Quentin Stevens, 2007)

Design Principle 1: Permeable

Stevens argues that the meaning of public spaces needs to be extended, it should not be just within the scope of everyday practical use. Adult play should also be incorporated into daily urban forms to encourage diverse experience.

Integrate with and enhance networks to the greater Ascot Vale community by responding to the existing pedestrian movement pattern.

There are four fundamental categories of play that are shared among adults and children. These are competition, self-challenge, simulation and chance.

The competitive type of play in open space refers to all manner of individual displays and tests of strength, agility, refinement and intellect such as ball games.

Explorational Adult Play

Design Principle 2: Playful

Self-challenging play is the type of play that challenges one’s limitations such as climbing and moving fast.

Simulation play pursues a sense of reciprocity with things in the world by becoming like them. In public space it refers to play using sensory elements to experience different environments. For example, when smelling the scent of lavender, it evokes the sense of being part of the lavender farm.

Explorational play refers to the users' freedom to change the fixed ways of how they use the space and the opportunities for meeting new friends. This type of play is particularly important to my design, since my design focuses on creating chance encounters with people from different socio-economic backgrounds to have social interaction and make friends.

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Maximise the playfulness of the journey by providing categories of play (competition, self-challenge, simulation and chance) and weave these elements into a story of topography, water and plants.

Competitive play 39

CHENRUI QIAO 2021 SEM1 LANDSCAPE THESIS

Concept Planning 40

03.

41

3.1

CHENRUI QIAO 2021 SEM1 LANDSCAPE THESIS

Site Context Demography - Ascot Vale

Broader Site Context As shown in the Diagram on the right, the Ascot Vale Estate is well connected to the surrounding neighborhood.

#1 Australia #2 Vietnam #3 England

Located at South-east part of Moonee Valley, the whole neighbourhood of the Ascot Vale Estate is experiencing gentrification with a high increase in population and public housing demand.

18.0 %

0-14

54.9 % 15-49

43.8 % Separate

Family with Children

23.7 % Semi-detached

Country of Birth

15.5 % 0-14

62.3 % 15-49

Economic Activity Area

20.0 %

19.8 %

Semi-detached

32.3 % ≥50

Dwelling Composition 27.3 % Apartment

#1 Australia #2 China #3 England

59.3 %

Apartment

Parents Born Overseas

Flemington

Age Composition 14.4 % 0-14

64.4 % 15-49

21.2 % ≥50

Dwelling Composition 13.9 % Separate

52.6 % Semi-detached

33.0 % Apartment

Parents Born Overseas

Family with Children

Parents Born Overseas

Existing Activity Hub

Pr

e Boundary

e inc

sH

Potential Social Intergration Hub

Creek nds

Dwelling Composition

Country of Birth

Age Composition

Train Network Community/ Youth Neighbourhood Centre

22.2 % ≥50

wy

Racecourse

Rd

M

aterway pen Space

tA

lex

an de rR

d

eritage Overlay verflow Area sement

42

Easement

Ascot Vale

Age Composition

Country of Birth

Family with Children

Overflow Area

Moonee Ponds

ong Rd

Demography - Flemington

Demography - Kensington

17.8 % Semi-detached

Heritage Overlay

Major Network

Demography - Moonee Ponds

54 % Separate

Public Open Space

31.6 % Apartment

Parents Born Overseas

Family with Children

#1 Australia #2 Italy #3 India

Waterway

Dwelling Composition

Separate

51.7 % 15-49

Site Boundary

27.1 % ≥50

Maribyrn

#1 Australia #2 China #3 Vietnam

16 % 0-14

Legend

Age Composition

Ascot Va le Rd

Moreover, there is an established community centre in the centre block of the Ascot Vale Estate. Together with the overall connection, the Ascot Vale Estate has the potential to become a new social integration hub.

Country of Birth

e Po Moone

There are the train network, tram routes, as well as major roads, which all make the Ascot Vale Estate a well-connected inner Melbourne public housing estate.

Demography Comparision

onomic Activity Area

Kensington Footscray

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CHENRUI QIAO 2021 SEM1 LANDSCAPE THESIS

Permeability Analysis and Proposal Permeability Analysis

Major Secondary Minor

Blamey St Sturdee St

Ascot Vale Rd

Vehicle Path Ranking

Wingate A ve

Churchill A ve

New Sturde e St

Ascot St

Sturdee St

Ascot Vale Rd

Rd

Churchill A ve

Dunlop Av e

mey St

m

New Sturde e St

Union Rd

so

Rd

44

Wingate A ve

Ascot St

Legend Site Boundary Metro Network Tram Line Major Pedestrian Route Bus Route

Dunlop Av e

Blamey St

St

Francis St

Ep

m

As mentioned in the Shared Vision 1 (2020), the current residents, especially on the western part of the Estate find it is hard to access the bus stop, as they have to cross the entire block. Therefore I introduce a new North-South connection with a bus stop located on 'New Blamey Street' to meet the community's need.

Bloomfield

St

Francis St

so

Permeable - New Blamey St

Proposed New Connection Bloomfield

Ep

The centre block of the Ascot Vale Estate is the middle block with the Community Centre. The total area of this block is about 56,500 sqaure metres, which is not easily 'walkable' for the pedestrian. By connecting the existing Sturdee St and Blamey St, I cut down the size of the centre block and enhance the East-West connection.

Union Rd

Permeable - New Sturdee St

New Bla

3.2

Central Block East-West Connection Lack of Connection

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3.3.1 Macro-Scale Site Analysis - Commercial Pattern

CHENRUI QIAO 2021 SEM1 LANDSCAPE THESIS

y

y AA’: Union Road Existing Commerical Interface

Walking along Union Road, the well-established commercial pattern not only makes the whole Ascot Vale neighbourhood liveable but also contributes to local economic growth.

Pri

A Union Rd

Bloomfield

yS

oo ch

l

St

Francis St

Ascot Vale Rd

Road Plant

Pedestrian

Mixed-Use

2m

Pedestrian

1m

3m

1.7m Bike

1.7m Bike

2.5m Parking

6m Tram

S

2.5m Parking

ry

e

nc

a ntr

1.7m Bike

P

a r im

l oo ch

Blamey St

B

0m n 10 arte rg de Kin

1m Road Plant

B

Ave

Pedestrian

Wingate

2m

Dunlop Av e

As Victoria's largest and most iconic annual community event, every Oct. the Royal Melbourne Show will be held in the Melbourne Showgrounds.

BB’: Current Site Street Interface

Churchill Av e

e

E-

Ascot St

One of the ways is to make a clear distinction between residential and commercial and precincts, and narrow the E-entrance.

0 25

Residential

11m Road Plant

2.5m Parking

10m Tram/Vehicle

1.7m Bike

Road Plant

2.5m Parking

Potential Mixed-Use Zone for Commercial Development

n tio ca

Pedestrian

Active Range by School Type

Existing Commercial Area

du

1m

Existing School

E ial

2m

Site Boundary Melbourne Showgrounds

ec

m

Commercial

Sp

Legend

46

r ma

Mixed-Use

There are barbershops, library, cafeterias, restaurants, fashion shops and health care facilities. Union Road is the belt that connects the northern part and the southern part of the neighbourhood. It intersects with Epsom Road, where these two roads intersect is the Melbourne Showgrounds.

During the Royal Melbourne Show period, the existing parking lots are insufficent to cater to the need and some cars may end up invading into the Ascot Vale Estate.

A

Savige St

Existing Commercial Pattern

Potential Commercial Development - Commercial Pattern, School Supporting Service Range

47

3.3.2 Macro-Scale Site Analysis - Flood Analysis Potential Rain Garden System Based on Stormwater Flow Direction

CHENRUI QIAO 2021 SEM1 LANDSCAPE THESIS

Potential Rain Garden Linkage - Flow Direction, Flooding Area, Adjacent Open Space

Playful Rain Garden Precedent - Klemzig Oval Redevelopment

Combining the special building overlay and land subject to inundation overlay, those areas that may be affected by the flood are highlighted in light yellow.

By carefully calculating the flow direction in ArcGIS, I am able to determine major, secondary, tertiary and minor streams in the site.

Union Rd

Bloomfield

As shown in the diagram the secondary stream flowing along Wingate Ave can be an opportunity for rain garden linkage in the site.

Francis

St

St

Dunlop Ave

Rd

Churchill A ve 50

Figure 10.11.12 Kids Play in Rain Garden of Klemzig Oval Redevelopment Note. From Aspect Studio, 2013. Copyright Aspect Studio.

Ascot Vale Rd

om ps

Blamey St

Savige St

Wingate A ve

0m

Ascot St

Educational Rain Garden Precedent

0 15

m

Legend

48

Site Boundary

Major Stream

Tertiary Stream

Open Space

Services Range

SBO & LSIO

Secondary Stream

Minor Stream

Flemington Racecourse

Water-Logging Tolerant Tree

Potential Rain Garden Linkage

Figure 13.14.15 Education Rain Garden in Portland State University

Note. From Portland State University, 2005. Portland State University.

49

3.3.3 Macro-Scale Site Analysis - Neighbourhood Characteristics

CHENRUI QIAO 2021 SEM1 LANDSCAPE THESIS

A: Road Section - Canterbury St Well-Established In-Site and Neighbourhood Characteritics - Heritage, Significant Trees, Canopy

Neighbourhood Characteristic for 'Blending In' The need for blending in is also highlighted in the Shared Vision.

3.5m Front Yard

2.6m Pedestrian

3.2m Road Plant

scot Vale Rd

Savige St

Rd

B

2.5m Parking

m so Ep

As shown in the section A, Canterbury St is famous for its pedestrian-friendly layout. By bringing the characteristic of Canterbury St into the Ascot Vale Estate, the streetscape can be better integrated with and enhance connection to the greater Ascot Vale community.

Vehicle

B: Road Section - Portal St

Wingate Av e Blamey St

5m

Dunlop Av e

2.5m Parking

D

Francis St

2.5m Road Plant

Therefore, the preferred neighbourhood character and site features are studied here through sections to guide the further detail design on street typology and architectural form.

C

St 2.6m Pedestrian

Union Rd

Bloomfield

3.8m Front Yard

Expressed by the existing residents of the Estate, they want the new development '[to look] similar to the surrounding context'.

Churchill Av e

A 2.5m

1.8m

8m

Road Plant

Pedestrian

Front Yard

Vehicle

Island Plant

Parking

9.4m

Vehicle

2.5m

3.5m

Road Plant

Parking

3.5m

2.5m

Pedestrian

C: Francis St - Housing Type

2.5m

1.8m

12.5m Front Yard

s

D: War Memorial

Legend

50

Site Boundary

Heritage Overlay - Built-Form Only

Highly Significant Historical Trees

Medium Canopy Coverage

Heritage Landscape

Historical Trees

Potential Canopy Connection

11

51

CHENRUI QIAO 2021 SEM1 LANDSCAPE THESIS

Concept Planning - New Connections - Spatial Relation Plan

Existing Spatial Relation Plan

Proposed Spatial Relation Plan

Bloomfield

St

Dunlop Av e

m

m

so

so

Rd

Rd

Wingate A ve

Sturdee St

Churchill A ve

Union Rd

Francis St

Ep

Ep

Union Rd

Francis St

St

Dunlop Av e

ey St

Bloomfield

Wingate A ve

Churchill A ve

New Sturdee

New Blam

3.4

St

Sturdee St Legend

Ascot St

Ascot Vale Rd

Ascot St

Ascot Vale Rd

Existing Connection Site Boundary Metro Network Tram Line Major Pedestrian Route Bus Route Vehicle Path Ranking Major Secondary Minor New Connection New Major Vehicle Path New Minor Vehicle Path New Major Pedestrian Route

52

53

CHENRUI QIAO 2021 SEM1 LANDSCAPE THESIS

Masterplan for Selected Area 54

04.

55

4.1.1

CHENRUI QIAO 2021 SEM1 LANDSCAPE THESIS

Micro-Scale Site Analysis - Pattern Map Estate Residents

Neigbourhood Residents

Movement Pattern of Different Age Groups Senior

By observing at the same locationat different times of the day on both week days and weekends, the pattern map is created to summarise how different type sof user groups use the site.

It is clear that the most popular location of the whole Ascot Vale Estate is the centre block where the Wingate Community Centre is located.

Description

Teenager

Percentage of Estate Population

≥ 50 Years Old

Description

25%

Percentage of Estate Population

13 - 19 Years Old

11%

Family Description

Outsider

Percentage of Estate Population

Single Parent Dominant with Dependant/s

18%

Characteristic

Description

Kindergarten User/Dog Walker/Bike Rider

Full-time Relatively Young Couple

Territoriality (Safety Building)

Needs

Territoriality (Safety Building)

Needs

Territoriality (Safety Building)

Needs

Territoriality (Safety Building)

Needs

Time

Use of Open Space

Time

Use of Open Space

Time

Use of Open Space

Time

Use of Open Space

6am-5pm

Since the community centre not only will host a series of community activities such as 'Mama's Kitchen, and community festival', this centre block become an important spot for building a sense of community and fosters cross-background interactions.

This area will be used as my Area of Interest for my masterplan and detail design.

11am-1pm, 5pm-2am

7am-10am, 5pm-11pm,

8-9am, 3-5pm, 7-8pm

Francis St

Francis St

Francis St

Francis St

Dunlop Av e

Dunlop Av e

Dunlop Av e

Dunlop Av e

Wingate Av e

Wingate Av e

Wingate Av e

Wingate Av e

Blamey St

Churchill Av e

Churchill Av e

Churchill Av e

Churchill Av e

Ascot St

Ascot St

m so Ep

Blamey St

m so Ep

Blamey St

m so Ep

Blamey St

Rd

Rd

Rd

Ascot St

m so Ep

Ascot St

Rd

Legend

56

Site Boundary

Senior Preferred Locations

Teenager Preferred Locations

Family Preferred Locations

Youngster Preferred Locations

Uncomfortable Places

Senior Preferred Routes

Teenager Preferred Routes

Family Preferred Routes

Youngster Preferred Routes 14

57

4.1.2 Micro-Scale Site Analysis - Social Hotspots and Important Buildings Within Area of Interest

CHENRUI QIAO 2021 SEM1 LANDSCAPE THESIS

Important Edge and Hotspot for Interaction and Building Safety - Path, Node, Pattern and Trees

A: Community Centre

A: Kindergarten

Area of Interest (AOI) The selected area for the detailed masterplan is the centre block with Wingate Ave Community Centre.

Bloomfield Union Rd

The whole AOI is bounded by Wingate Ave, Savige St, proposed New Sturdee St and New Blamey St.

St

Francis St

B:Men’s Shed Activity Centre

Dunlop Ave

By overlaying the observed residents' movement pattern, it is clear that the central block is the largest existing social hotspot. m so Ep Rd

Several important community buildings will be preserved for the new proposal. It includes the existing community centre, kindergarten, and Men's Shed

Blamey St

Savige St

Wingate A ve

A C

B

Ascot Vale Rd

Churchill A ve

Ascot St

Legend Site Boundary Metro Network Tram Line

58

Major Pedestrian Bus Route Mature Tree with Social Value

Vehicle Path Ranking Major Secondary Minor

C:Basketball Court

Nodes Major Node Node

Important Edge Potential Hotspot

59

CHENRUI QIAO 2021 SEM1 LANDSCAPE THESIS

Categories of Play and Arrangement Wingate

Adding 4 categories of Playful actitivies based on social hotspots and Important Building Analysis

Competition

Simulation

Equality of chances is artificially created to allow players to test their skills and experience the excitement and teamwork

This type of play institutes a dialectic by counterposing perceptions of the imagined and the real

Tree House Mulch Play Water Community Centre Amphitheatre Touching & Moutain Kindergarten Herb Climbing Height Road Garden Mini Golf Running

Savige St

Based on Quentin Stevens (2007)'s theory on four types of play shared by all age groups and socio-economic groups (for detailed annotated bibliography please refer to page 38), I carefully arrange a series of programs that cater to competitive play, simulation play, self-challenging play and explorational play. For instance, the selfchallenging play such as slides and rock climbing give permission for users to experience risk and control at the same time.

Tunnel

Hide Seek

Food

60

Exploration

This type of play is risky and transgressive. It allows players to experience the tension between opposing desires for risk and control

Chance refers to the citizen's freedom to change the fixed ways of how they use the space and the opportunities for meeting new friends

Wetland Teaching

Slides

Grassland

Self-Challenge

Ave

Basketball

Jogging Track

Men's Shed

New Blamey St

4.2

Rolling Moutain Road

New Sturdee St

61

4.3

CHENRUI QIAO 2021 SEM1 LANDSCAPE THESIS

Play Program vs. Different Needs Matrix

How Different Users Group Perceive the Proposed Playful Activities K i n d e rg

tre

H er b o lf C o n st r u c

t

lli n g Lawn

G ra s s l a n

d

13-19

i

Ro

s+

13-19

ll

Track

de

13-19

Jogg

ng

k

S li

We tl a n d s

See

13-19

B a s ket b a

ed

H ide &

6-12

en

G

Tu nn

New Blamey St

i

a rd

ok

Min

G

O utl o

el

6-12

0-5

h

ea

n

Savige St

y g ro u n d

a rd e

6-12

0-5

A m p hit

oc

AD

Ramp

6-12

0-5

Ave

P la

Wa t e r R

A

0-5

t

kG

This needs matrix illustrates how each proposed playful activity is perceived by different age groups, so as to better address each group's needs.

Wingate

en

Sometimes what a teenager perceive as competitive, challenging or explorational is not necessarily also perceived the same way by younger childern. Without clearly addressing every age group's needs, my proposed ludic landscape would not be an examplar landscape proposal that could be applied to other public housing estates.

ar

AD

A

≥50 62

≥50

Ram p

20-50

20-50

20-50 ≥50

New Sturdee St

20-50 ≥50 63

4.4

CHENRUI QIAO 2021 SEM1 LANDSCAPE THESIS

Masterplan of the Centre Block of Ascot Vale Estate

Masterplan Statement

N

Wingate

Taking advantage of mature trees and existing facilities, my masterplan proposes a pedestrian-dominated residential block that balances both the residents' need for vehicle access and playfulness. The playfulness is achieved through the story of topography, water and plants.

22 25

1

2

Topography

4

21

Savige St

+17.3m

12

+19.5m20

5

9

Slides with Sand Pit

17

Water Play

2

Temporary Parking

10

Pavilion as Cafeteria

18

Creek

3

Wingate Ave. Community Centre

11 Constructed Biofiltration Pond

19

4

BBQ Table and Sitting Space

12 6 Hole Mini Golf Course

20

16

+20m

Kindergarten Playground 9

+20.5m

Outdoor Learning Theatre

13 Shaded Sitting Space

21

6

Jogging Track

14

Viewing Platform

22

7

Basketball Court

15

Tunnel

23

3-Storey Apartments

8

North Facing Rolling Lawn

16

Platform

24

Activity Centre

25

ADA Ramp

26

Stone Garden and Stone Steps

27

Alcohol and Legal Care

Gross Pollutant Trap

26 6

7

+20.74m

8

+19.83m

28

27

25

100 m

+23m

+18m

+21.05m +21.02m

Car Park +18.2m

28

50

+19m

12

+21.5m

5

6

+20m

10

25

+19m

14

11

Information Wall

25

+19.5m

+17m 13

Entrance Plaza

24

3

+18m 19

15

+17.5m

1

+21m

New Blamey St

+18.5m

9

Plants

+20m

14

17

Water

23

+19m

+17.5m

18

64

Ave

+21m

+19.1m

New Sturdee St

Community Garden

65

4.5

CHENRUI QIAO 2021 SEM1 LANDSCAPE THESIS

Masterplan Analysis

Accessibility Analysis

Planting Analysis

Legend

Legend

Vehicle Circulation

Existing Eucalyptus

Underground Carpark

Existing Evergreen Trees

Ground Level Pedestrian Path

Existing Pines

Residential Entrance

Proposed Coloured Trees Wetlands Plants

ADA Ramp Connection

Ornamental Grass

Stairs

Herb Planting Low-rise Woody Shrubs

66

67

CHENRUI QIAO 2021 SEM1 LANDSCAPE THESIS

Detail Design 68

05.

69

5.1.1

CHENRUI QIAO 2021 SEM1 LANDSCAPE THESIS

Detailed Plan Detailed Plan

Location of Detailed Plan in Masterplan

Wingate

Ave

22 25

1

2

23

4

21

+20m

Savige St

+17.5m

+21m

3-Storey Apartment

24

14

+17.3m

3

+18m 12

19

+19.5m20

18

9

5

13 16

+20m

+19m

14

6

+20m 11

10

25

25

+19.5m

15

+17m +17.5m

New Blamey St

+18.5m 17

9

+20.5m

+19m

12

26 6

7

+20.74m

8

+19.83m

28

27

25

+23m +21.5m

+18m

+21.05m +21.02m

+18.2m

70

Community Centre

+19m

+21m

+19.1m

New Sturdee St

71

5.1.2 Detailed Plan - Story of Topography - Elevation Analysis

CHENRUI QIAO 2021 SEM1 LANDSCAPE THESIS

Topography of the Detailed Design

72

73

5.1.3 Detailed Plan - Story of Topography - Section AA'

CHENRUI QIAO 2021 SEM1 LANDSCAPE THESIS

A

Section S ectioA'n AA AA

23m 20m

Location

22.1m

18.5m

18.3m 18.05m

17m

-0.2m

ADA ramp on slope 74

Water play

ADA ramp on slope

Rolling lawn

ADA ramp on slope 75

5.1.4 Detailed Plan - Story of Topography - Section BB'

CHENRUI QIAO 2021 SEM1 LANDSCAPE THESIS

Location

Section BB

21.5m

B'

18.49m

23m

20.25m

19.5m

B

19.1m

18.2m

ADA ramp on slope 76

Rolling lawn

Ramp

Ground 77

5.2

CHENRUI QIAO 2021 SEM1 LANDSCAPE THESIS

Detailed Plan - Story of Plants

Location +3.738m

+3.8m

Plants and Material Selection

+0.75m

Dian Di anel ella la Caerul Caer ulea ea 78

Jasm Ja smin inum um grandi gran diflflor orum um

Stainl Stai nles esss Stee St eell

Gabion Gabi on W Wal alll Conc Co ncre rete te Rubb Ru bble le 79

5.3.1 Detailed Plan - Story of Water

CHENRUI QIAO 2021 SEM1 LANDSCAPE THESIS

Location

Note. From Archidaily, 2018. Octane architect & design. https:// www.archdaily. com/899174/hachiserviced-apartmentoctane-architect-anddesign#

Inside But Still Can Interact - Residential Balcony Proposal Figure 15.

Sheltered Balcony Precedent

80

This enclosed balcony shelter is designed to 'open up' to allow residents to see and interact with those using the ludic landscape, or be 'closed up' when they don't want to.

The triangular-shaped eaves are selected to match the surrounding neighbourhood character (refer to p51).

81

5.3.2 Detailed Plan - Story of Water - Precedent Study - Fitzroy Gardens Stormwater Harvesting System Biofiltration Wetlands

Stormwater Management System

Water Feature in Fitzroy Gardens

Figure 16.

Biofiltration Wetlands

Figure 17.

Stormwater Management System

Figure 18.

Water Feature in Fitzroy Gardens

CHENRUI QIAO 2021 SEM1 LANDSCAPE THESIS

Figure 16 & 17 &18.

Note. From Urban Water, 2021. City of Melbourne. http://urbanwater.melbourne.vic.gov.au/projects/water-capture-and-reuse/fitzroy-gardens-stormwater-harvesting-project/

82

83

5.3.3 Detailed Plan - Story of Water - Proposed Collection and Purifying System Stormwater Purifying System

CHENRUI QIAO 2021 SEM1 LANDSCAPE THESIS

Rainwater Collection System

Gro Gros Gr osss Po Pollut llllut utan utan ant nt Tr Trap Trap p Reus Re usee Ta us T nkk

Sedi Se dime menntt Cha hamb mber er

Wa W ateer Pllay Pla ay Biofi Bi ofiltr trattion Wetllan trat ands ds

Clos C Cl los oser er to the vehicle accce cess s ffo or cleaning

Prim Prim Pr mary ar y TTa ar ankk

84

Reeus R use Tankk Ta

Roof o -Print

y ar ir m nk P a T

85

5.3.4 Detailed Plan - Story of Water - Proposed Stormwater Harvesting System - Section CC'

CHENRUI QIAO 2021 SEM1 LANDSCAPE THESIS

Location

C

Collecting the rain water and collecting the water from the primary tank

C'

17m

17.66m

18.5m 17.5m

18m

17.8m

Pumped for water play

-0.2m -0.2m -1.826m Irrigation

Solar powered pumps to pump the water from this Reuse tank to the fountain and for irrigation

86

87

CHENRUI QIAO 2021 SEM1 LANDSCAPE THESIS

References

88

06.

89

6.

References

ABS. (2019). Labour Force, Australia, Aug 2019. https://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/mf/6202.0 City of Melbourne. (2012). City of Melbourne Open Space Strategy Technical Report. https://www. melbourne.vic.gov.au/about-council/committees-meetings/meeting-archive/meetingagendaitemattachmen ts/579/9974/5.3%20open%20space%20strategy%20(pages%2041%20to%20332).pdf

CHENRUI QIAO 2021 SEM1 LANDSCAPE THESIS

Hassan, J. (2020). Public housing in valley park. https://www.homely.com.au/westmeadows-hume-melbournegreater-victoria/questions/public-housing-in-valley-park Ismail, N. A., Safiullah, S. B., Yunos, M. Y. M., Utaberta, N., & Ismail, S. (2015). Identifying natural playscape elements in a neighbourhood park: A case study of Kuantan, Malaysia. Advances in Environmental Biology, 9(5), 504-513.

Department of Health and Human Service. (2018). Ascot Vale Estate – Shared Vision Engagement Findings. https://www.dhhs.vic.gov.au/ascot-vale-estate-shared-vision#:~:text=The%20shared%20 vision%20will%20describe%20how%20the%20Ascot%20Vale%20Estate,and%20aspirations%20of%20 the%20community.

Lynch, K. (1960). The city image and its elements. MIT Press, Cambridge, 41, 73.

Department of Health and Human Service. (2019). Ascot Vale Estate Shared Vision Phase Two – Engagement Findings. https://www.dhhs.vic.gov.au/ascot-vale-estate-sharedvision#:~:text=The%20shared%20vision%20will%20describe%20how%20the%20Ascot%20Vale%20 Estate,and%20aspirations%20of%20the%20community.

Moonee Valley City Council. (2014). Moonee valley post-war thematic precincts heritage study, 2012-2014.

Donoff, G., & Bridgman, R. (2017). The playful city: constructing a typology for urban design interventions.

International Journal of Play, 6(3), 294-307. https://doi.org/10.1080/21594937.2017.1382995 Harris, P. J., & Daley, J. (2008). Exploring the contribution of play to social capital in institutional adult learning settings. https://ro.uow.edu.au/edupapers/961

McCormick, N. J., Joseph, M. L., & Chaskin, R. J. (2012). The New Stigma of Relocated Public Housing Residents: Challenges to Social Identity in Mixed–Income Developments. City & community, 11(3), 285-308.

Schiller, F., & Snell, R. (2004). On the aesthetic education of man. Courier Corporation.

Shaw. K., Peter Raisbeck. P., Chaplin. C., & Hulse. K. (2013). Evaluation of the Kensington redevelopment and place management models Final Report. University of Melbourne.

Smith, H., & Thorpe, J. (2017). Re: Inquiry into the Public Housing Renewal Program. Wingate Community Centre. https://www.parliament.vic.gov.au/images/stories/committees/SCLSI/Public_Housing_Renewal_Program/ Submissions/S33-Wingate_Avenue_Community_Centre.pdf Stevens, Q. (2007). The ludic city: exploring the potential of public spaces. Routledge.

90

91

6.

References

CHENRUI QIAO 2021 SEM1 LANDSCAPE THESIS

Van Leeuwen, L., & Westwood, D. (2008). Adult play, psychology and design. Digital Creativity, 19 (3), 153-161. https://doi.org/10.1080/14626260802312665 Victorian Council of Social Services. (2014). Making Social Housing Work. https://justiceconnect.org.au/wpcontent/ uploads/2020/06/Making_Social_Housing_Work-report.pdf Victorian Auditor-General’s office. (2017). Managing Victoria’s Public Housing. https://www.audit.vic.gov.au/sites/ default/files/20170621-Public-Housing.pdf Yetsenga and Emmett. (2019). ANZ, 2019 ANZ-CoreLogic Housing Affordability Report. https://news.anz.com/ content/dam/bluenotes/images/articles/2019/November/ANZ-Housing-Affordibility-report-Nov2019.pdf

92

93

Desi gn T he si s

Ludic Landscape Sensory delight, bodily challenges, inclusive ramps and surprise exposure to new experiences complement the existing social hotspots and neighbourhood character to spark spontaneous interaction across social and economic divides.

Any elements within this community landscape should not be easily identified as ‘something for the public housing tenants’, rather it should look like a playful public landscape that caters to a diversity of user groups.

CHEN R U I Q I A O