Bachelor Thesis Booklet _ DePonta by Ashley Chan

De Ponta

Cultural Co-working hub 2021 - 2022 Yan Tung Chan Supervied by Viktoria Sandor , Klemens Sitzmann Universtiy of Innsbruck | Departments of Design | Sturcture and Design

l De Ponta

This bachelor project was undertaken during the challenging times of the COVID-19 pandemic, which made it difficult for everyone in the university. Before starting the project, I would like to take this opportunity to express my gratitude to my supervisors, Viktoria and Klemens, for their support and guidance throughout my Bachelor’s studies. Their expertise and advice were instrumental in shaping the outcome of this project. I’d also like to extend a special thanks to Michael Hetzenauer for his help and insights on the animation aspect of the project. I am also grateful to my fellow colleagues in the design studio, especially David, who work with me on the research at the start of the bachelor studio , and Jean and Stephan, who worked with me during the excursion. It was a pleasure to meet and work with all the talented and dedicated people during the studio and the excursion and I am deeply appreciative of the support and encouragement that I have received from everyone involved in this project. 3

Bachelor Book l 2022 l Yan Tung Chan

Table of Content

l De Ponta

Introduction

6 8

Background Research

Material & Methods

16 20 22 26 28 29 30

Site Detail References Concept Excursion Form studies Program Design strategy

Results

Site plan Section Floor plan Rendering

32 34 36 38

Discussion

Remaining questions

INTRODUCTION The future of tourism and its impact on destinations has become an increasingly pressing topic in past years. The COVID-19 pandemic has further highlighted the need to rethink and reshape the tourism industry. As part of the i.sd bachelor studio’s program in the academic year 2021-22, this bachelor project aims to explore the potential of architecture in addressing the challenges faced by the tourism industry in the 21st century. Specifically, the project will focus on the city of Porto, Portugal, which has been one of Europe’s most popular tourist destinations in the last decade, that lead concerns about over-tourism and gentrification. The case study will focus on the conceptualization and design of a port house and wine distillery for travelers, investigating new strategies and architectural typologies to reduce the negative impact of tourism while preserving the global and local values of space. Through the analysis of the city’s past and present, its wine-making traditions and dining cultures, the project will investigate different patterns, materials, transformations, and compositions of consistencies. The resulting thoughts will help develop spatial narratives for the future of tourism in Porto, and contribute to developing new architectural typologies and strategies to alleviate the impact of over-tourism and carbon footprint, and to adapt to the evolving travel trends due to the COVID19 pandemic.

Porto

vila nova de gaia

Bachelor Book l 2022 l Yan Tung Chan

RESEARCH

Before the design process began, we were divided into two-person groups and instructed to collect various aspects of Portugal and the city, Porto, including its geogrphy, architecture, history, Tourism, Transportation and the Port wine culture. All data are visualised afterwards for further design progress. Our topics, Local Architecture and Materials (Circular Economy), look for information about traditional building materials used in Portugal, their origins, and examples of architecture. Combine with the topic Circular Economy, we can get an Indepth insight of the system in Portugal and find out what’s possible eco-friendly building materals for future use in building industry. In 2020, the European Commission unveiled an action plan for a circular economy to cut waste by managing resources. Eventually, 36% of solid waste in Portugal comes from the construction industry and only 28.9% of municipal waste has been recycled. It is essential to find out how the industry could implement the circular economy model. The Visualistion coverd different Aspect of the topics • • • • • •

Distribution of local materials Local constriction materials Import and Export of Raw materials Circular Economy in Construction Section Materials Allernative Promoter of the circular economy in Portugal

Full page Viualistion

Studies l DE Ponta

Group member: Yan Tung Chan David Braito

Distribution of local materials Granitoids

Diorite

27%

Maritime Pine

Granite Mines

Concrete buildings

Schist

Grewywacke

23%

Eucalyptus Globulus

Limestone mines

Buildings with Ceramic Tiles

Clay

Metavolcanic rocks

23%

Cork Oak

Schist mine

Buildings with traditional coats

Limestone

Quartzite

13%

Holm Oak

Ceramic tile Manufacturer

Eco-Buildings

Alluvial

Andesite

Bachelor Book l 2022 l Yan Tung Chan

fig.1. Centro Social de Brufe

fig. 2. Alcabideche Social Complex

fig.3. S. Bento Residences, Porto

fig.4. Melgaço Sports School, Monte Prado

fig.5. Braamcamp Freire School, Lisbon

fig.6. Estádio Municipal de Braga

fig.7. Azulejos facade, Lisbon

fig.8. Azulejos facade, Lisbon

fig.9. Rooftops of Porto

fig.10. Box House, Romarigães

fig.11. Rooftops of Lisbon

fig.12. SO House , Porto , PHYD Arquitectura

Studies l DE Ponta

Local Constriction Materials reinforced concrete masonry with Reinforced concrete deck

Structure

STRUCTURE

Reinforced concrete Masonry walls with Reinforced concrete deck Masonry walls without Reinforced concrete deck

masonry without Reinforced concrete deck

Loose stone masonry walls

loose stone masonry agglomerate

Traditional coats

Exterior Wallcovering

EXTERIOR WALLCOVERING

Agglomerate

traditional coats

Granolithic Concrete

granolithic concrete stone

Stone

Ceramic tile / Mosaic

ceramic tile/mosaic

Roof covered with ceramic

roof covered with ceramic concrete tiles

Roof covered with other materials

Roof

roof covered with other materials

Mixed

mixed

Roof terrace

roof terrace

50%

EXPORT 37.5%

Import and Export of Raw materials 25%

12.5%

25%

IMPORT 37.5%

50%

55%

PLASTICS

CORK

STONES

WOOD

CERAMICS

METAL

55%

GLASS

ROOF

Concrete tiles

According to a study by OERCO2, shows the main construction materials used in the structure, exterior wall cladding and covering of residential buildings in Portugal. Almost half of the buildings had reinforced concrete structures (48.6%) and one-third of the buildings had masonry walls with reinforced concrete slabs (31.7%). The remaining buildings had less representative structure types such as masonry walls without reinforced concrete slabs, loose stone or adobe masonry walls and other types of structures. Other parts of the construction like exterior wall cladding and roof covering, respectively with traditional coating or granoolithic concrete (84% )and tiles with ceramic or concrete (93.1%) To summarise, the building industry in Portugal mainly consumed concrete, granite, stones and ceramic, most of the them are local raw materials which can be found in Portugal. In fact the Portuguese territory is mostly composed of sedimentary rocks and its rich in mineral resource.

Distances travelled

Recyclability (%)

Years of decomposition in landfill

Type of transport

Locally produced packaging

Reeds panels

Waste incorporate Concrete

Glue-laminated timber

Straw

Biological Cycles

Wo od fib er

nic ga s Or aste w

Natural Regeneration Processing Resources

Agiculture Industrial Aquacultre Cascading Forestry

Harverting

l era Min stes wa

Ash Ash

Production

Sawdust Sawdust (recyclable) (recyclable)

Raw materials & Processing

70+

75+ 75+

100+

Transport

Collection

Redistribution Reuse

Remanufacture Refurbishment

Agri cult Co wast ural d n es emstru ctio wa olitio ste n n s Tr in ans du p str ort y w ati as on te s

Maintenance

Consumption

Decommissioning

Inert waste

35% 35%

Recyclable Recyclable

National resources

45%

CO2 Water Water pollution pollution

CO2

INSULATION

INTERIOR

STRUCTURE

EXTERIOR

as ic

Synthetic or semi-synthetic materials

Waste base materials

Ores

Sediment

Mineral

Biopolymer

Plant

u ly Po

e an

Cork

Biological concrete

d gi Ri

T) CL

tim

AT I

e et cr

SU L

ed at

a Pl

-la

in Re

s os

sa Si

ed rc fo

oge l

US H

Recyclability (%)

Aer

By-projuct made Mortar

BAMBOO

Jute

Recycled content Generated waste Control of emissions (air, soil, water) Use of national resources

pC r

-p w rod as u te ct

br e

r fo in

dd i

re t fib onu

Replace cement with other materials

nc ng

ce d

re te Br

re te re te

rro

Lin

ce li

ol Wo

s) fo

Ce l

cm as

n ick

tto Pl

y St c-

Local

Reuseable Reuseable

um te

Remanufacture Remanufacture

lci ica

rw ith

Dust & gaseous Emissions

Local

NoProduction Production of flames, flames, No fumes & ortoxic toxic gases gases fumes

Recyclable Recyclable

sil

Local

s s ou rd za ste Ha Wa

Re Import / Local

Natural Natural No No harmful Chemicals / Chemicals orToxins Toxins

Safety Reliability No Rust Rot /Burn

Reinforced concrete Granite

Recycle Upcycle

Reclaimed or Recycled Steel

Iron

Terrazzo

Organics waste

Ceramic tiles

a Br

te g

ay Cl ei w ht

Ru bb

Polystyrene

Recycled Plastic

Technical Cycles

Plaster

Mosaic

Vermiculite

Stone

Bronze

Expanded Clay block

rli gg ta

k oc bl

Ce ra

100 % water reused Energy Consumption Low GHG Emissions

Local

PV C

m ic

ur ct

c al

s id in

er pp

ru st

te ga

Develop new technology for mining

d p Pa

GC SC

Replace cement w ith other materials

at Import / Local Safety Reliability No Rust Rot /Burn

cy cle Ti np dag la te g r eg Po at lym e co nc nc

rth

am p

as gl

an de

m Ex

as gl

lar

ell u

e e (p

EPS incorporated graphite

as ng ls

Reclaimed Wood Timbercrete

Ph a ch ia er Local

Cellulosic products

m p Aluminum

Tiles,slate tiles

d Local

Metals

oo W

He co Ex

d pe

c Re le yc d

x an de

12 fla oo

re 100 % water reused Energy Consumption Low GHG Emissions

Dust & gaseous Emissions

Fib CO2 / Soil erosion erosion Water pollution / Flooding Flooding

So l

ROOF

e et

Low consumption of cleaning agents Low energy consumption Emission of VOC's Water Toxicity Human Toxicity Durability (years)

Environmental management systems Policies for reduction of consumption Generated waste Control of emissions Ecodesign Use of clean fuels (renewable energy)

Bachelor Book l 2022 l Yan Tung Chan

ick s

fo am am

rk wa

Develop new technology for mining

Develop technolog Develop new new technology ytotoreduce reduceemission emission

st e

l De Ponta

Since 2017, Portugal is slowly leading a transition toward a circular economy. There is necessary to understand what is circular economy are how can it be adopted in the construction industry.

AROEIRA LISBON HOTEL

stic Reused pla s ion construct tile

Company

ASA

Turning waste into

Rehabilitation of substation

Ambiente_Sregional

valueMatter

v Go PT

Regional Civil Engineering Laboratory of the Azores

BAMB

MIT Portu gal Progra m

EU’s funding instrument for environment & climate action

k Material Ban

LIFE- -ECLAT ECLAT LIFE

CECO

LAB

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l ga rtu Po y om ble on na Ec tai C) us PS ar fS n( ul rc l o tio PP Ci rta uc RU Po nstr AP Co

CSK CK LO O 2B2LB CO ECEO

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EE SU S G A S Gran #2- SCITY ts Po D e v rt e u lopm gal in e th n t e that Constru of stand prom ards ECO ction C o ir .N cu OM lar E te the Sector cono Call IA my Téc Pro #2nic Cir motin oL cula g is in b r t oa E Sec he Co cono nst my tor Ite ruc M tio co n ns an inis tr d Cli y of ma En te vir Ac on tio me n nt

Den

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R oon Reesse nS eaac SLLW chh WA ACC

Sin

gle

Sin

gle

h Re

ily

Fa m

lve s

di za

Go n

Timber Frame House

use

House Vila Verde

Beach Ho

in Pere iras

e Arr

po d

Cam

House

Lote 10 ·

tial

ssen

ass

MIM

igh

·S err alv

MIM

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Tre e

ily

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fam

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Offic

fam

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use

hou

Ole

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Different Criteria should also be considered in each stage of construction in order to adapt to the circular economy, such as Emission, Waste generation and Recyclability. Fortunately, the building industry in Portugal has a high potential for transitioning to a circular economy model, based on its use of national resources (granite, cork, ceramic), as well as materials with high durability (concrete) and Recycled content.

PHD

Family hou

Main Actors

NG O

RUSTIC

Smart Home

Jular

ITA

ily house Tur

ByFusion

tion

REV

Solu

RTIL

rec

AI ET

RD W

ICE

CE DR

Revigrés

Tailo

Eco HO

OC EC

O TA

The TreeHou se Concept

REPLAST

Ecotech

SEC

e ov

INH

ic clini

Technical materials such as plastics, stones and metals have limited availability and cannot be recreated. In the Technical cycles, its focus on how the materials recovered from residual flows at their original value throught Repair and Maintenance, Reuse, Remanufacture and Recycle. Organic materials like wood, plant and mushroom can be incorporated into the ecosystem and re-generated through biological processes. Therefore it is important to let the ecosystem do its work in the Biological cycle, which is regeneration.

SEA

TILE

tes

ec oR

ing or lo oF Ec

RED

Pla

tion

GRA

Pedras Amarelas

VILA JOYA

TAILO

ada Kalç

Eco

RES S. Jo IDENCE ão d a Mad eira

Single fam

LMELA

Eco

s er

USE

almolog

DE PA

ora

Ophth

E DA L DAD E HER IA HOT TES COR

O ITAN LUS TEL HO

av 2P O eC

yR est

D LE VA L

SH O AZ WRO AM OM BU JA

ert

TEL HO OO

erie

FIL

A IR UE

Q SE

Por p

GO IN

S ON KM

H SC

R PA

ÃO AÇ OV IN

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ÃO

LÉ

R DB

L HE

VI PA

CO ES

In circular economy, the materials are circulate in two separate cycles: Biological cycle and Technical cycles. This distinguishes how materials can be used in a long-lasting and high-quality way.

L CASA

HOTE

The current industrial model, known as the linear economy, are simply “take, make, waste”, where raw materials are collected from the earth, transformed into products, and then disposed after used. This model is not sustainable and has negative impacts on the environment. In contrast, the circular economy is based on the principles of sustainability. From the start of the design stage, production and consumption, all stage should follow the principles of sustainability, and products are constructed in such a way that they can be repaired, recycled, reused, or upcycled.

Currently, in Portugal, there are several examples of architecture and projects that are based on or can be applied to the circular economy model, like project of creating or using Eco-Tiles or Eco-concrete for future constrution. With the support of the Portuguese Government, NGOs and companies, Portugal can continue to develop and implement more practices in the construction industry.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

l De Ponta

Bachelor Book l 2022 l Yan Tung Chan

Porthouse 6 Located: Area :

Rua do Choupelo 39, Vila nova de gaia 3890 qm

Locate next to Taylor’s Cellars and The Yeatman hotel. The site is currently part of the World Of Wine (WOW) , a 300,000-square-meter cultural, culinary, and retail complex that opened on 31July, 2020. The project is leaded by The Fladgate Partnership, owners of iconic Port brands including Taylor, Croft, Fonseca, and Krohn, as well as luxury hotels The Yeatman and Infante Sagres in Porto, and The Vintage House Hotel in the Douro Valley. The Complex include 7 museums (The Wine Experience, The Chocolate Story, Pink Palace, Planet Cork, Porto Region Across The Ages, Porto Fashion and Fabric Museum and The Bridge Collection) that invite exploration of Portugal’s northern region, industries, history and heritage,12 Restaurants & Bars, A Wine School and different Shops. WOW has become one of the largest tourist attractions in the Porto district, especially since it’s located in a historically port wine town and home to wineries famous for producing fortified wine. According to Adrian Bridge,the founder and CEO of WOW, the Complex is aim to “help define Porto as a cultural destination through engaging educational experiences, telling the story not only of wine for which the city is world famous, but also of the city, its people and their adventures across the ages” In order to have a better understanding to the initial Porthouse and the city Porto , we took an excursion to porto and export the city. During the visit, I discovered the building is presently used as a ticket centre and market of WOW, the museum ‘Porto Region Across The Ages’ and ‘The Bridge Collection’ are also located inside the building. The Porthouse located at the entrance of WOW.

Materials & Methods l DE Ponta

700

m(1 1min

)

Douro River

Rua de Fra nca

900m

The Chocolate Story

(13m

nt a

The Wine School

.nh

a a

ag e Br

Porto Region Across The Ages

erm

ilh

R. de

ândi R. C

pelo

Chou do dos Reis

Co s

600m(8min)

Rua do

Porto Fashion & Fabric Museum

in)

The Bridge Collection

nto

Rua

Port Wine Museums

oupe

do Ch

WOW

Restaurant Museum

Planet Cork Pink Palace - Museu do Rosé

Hotel Busstop Subway Entrance Route Walk Route Entrance Wine Cellar

Bachelor Book l 2022 l Yan Tung Chan

The original building is comprised of six rows of houses, with one row being two levels high and forming a large L-shaped floor plan. As the building’s location is in a dense area, making access only possible from the northwest side of the building and possibly the backside. The structure features stone masonry walls, wooden roofs, and covered with ceramic tiles, which is a typical construction of old buildings in Portugal. Interior consists of stone arcades, which divided the building. Its location makes it challenging to bring in natural sunlight to the rear section of the building, resulting a dark and dreary interior, but also leads to increased energy consumption due to the need for artificial lighting. Therefore, finding solutions to increase the amount of natural light that enters the building while minimizing the use of electric light is a crucial aspect of the project. With it historical and cultural value to the local community, preserving its original structure is of great importance in the project, but at the same time, adding new character to the renovated building, celebrate the old and the new.

fro

Materials & Methods l DE Ponta

ceramic tiles roof

Lack of sunlight on the backside of the Porthouse

wooden roof construction

stone mansonry wall

Stone arcade in the interior of the building. present stone mansonry facade

fig. 13. The WOW complex and the Porthouse

Bachelor Book l 2022 l Yan Tung Chan

The complex offers visitors a wealth of attractions, including museums that showcase the unique culture of the area, restaurants that serve up local cuisine, and the wine school that allows visitors learn about the region wines. With the popularity it is important how to maximize the potential of this location and site. As a new building within the cultural centre, the programm of the building should be welcoming to tourists, but also re-engage with the local community. The tourism industry has been severely impacted by the pandemic, and in the post-pandemic world, it is imperative to move beyond just depending on travelers. Therefore the building must find ways to appeal to both tourists and locals, celebrating the unique cultural values of the Porto house, and promoting the local culture and art, which is also the aim of WOW. Ultimately, the goal should be to create a dynamic and lively space that showcases the best of Porto and Vila Nova de Gaia, supports the local community, and provides an unforgettable experience for visitors. This concept is also reflected in the culture district “Cultural and Creative Park” (文化創意產業園區) in Taiwan. There are plently Cultural and Creative Park in Taiwan , which has been transformed from old wineries and factories , into vibrant cultural hubs that offer visitors a range of experiences,including Art market, markers lab , restaurants, bars, stores, exhibition area, lecture areas and even playground or ski-broad count . A similar idea also applied to a revitalization project “the Mills“ in Hong Kong. The project repurposing the historic cotton Mills factory “Nan Fung Cotton Mills” into an cultural centre for creativity industry, which includes different experiential retail, non-profit cultural institution, exhibitions, market , labs , art and museum about the history of Hong Kong’s textile industry. By reusing these old industrial sites, these projects have not only preserved the historical significance of these buildings but also revitalized the surrounding area by attracting visitors, it is possible to conserve the heritage of the region and promote local culture and art, while also contributing to the development of the local economy through tourism and creativity industries.The concept of combining workspace, exhibition space, and market space is not commonly seen in Europe, but it could be a logical and effectively approach to apply to the porthouse that located in WOW. Idea is to transform the existing building into a center for creators to work, showcase, and sell their products, with a combination of co-working space, makerslab, exhibition space, lecture space, and market, providing a platform for local creators and artisans to showcase their work, while also offering them a dedicated space to work and collaborate. By combining these functions, the Porthouse could become a hub of creativity and innovation, attracting not only tourists but also locals who are interested in exploring and supporting the local arts and culture scene. This kind of setup has the potential to stimulate the local economy by promoting entrepreneurship and supporting small businesses. It could also provide opportunities for cultural exchange, as visitors from different backgrounds and regions could connect with local creators and learn more about the unique culture and values of the region.

Reference l Materials & Methods l DE Ponta

fig. 14. Cultural and Creative Park, TW

fig. 15. The Mills, Hong Kong

Bachelor Book l 2022 l Yan Tung Chan

Breakout Room

The concept is not only to provide a new gathering place but also to promote and celebrate the local art, design, and culture in the heart of the cultural district (WOW). The space will feature a co-working space, makers-lab, market space, and event rooms, which can be utilized for various activities and functions. One of the primary objectives of the project is to support local creators by providing an open and accessible space even all kinds of equipment and tools for various creative activities. Creators could rent a space as a studio or office to work on their project or product. After development, these products can be showcased and sold at the market space, and further promoting the local economy. Due to its accessibility, the market are located in the Front of the building, while the private areas such as workshops and offices been situated at the back of the building to provide a more secluded and quiet space for work. This arrangement allows a clear separation between public and private areas while still providing easy access to the market for visitors

CONCEP T 22

Garden

Assembly Space/Studio

Workshop Engineering workshop

Digital workshop

Wood workshop

Materials & Methods l DE Ponta

Public

Private

Printer

Office Pantry

Coworking-office

Stairs

Lobby

Locker

Pop Up/Eventspace

Entrance Lecture space

Market/Eventspace

Use

r pa

tor visi th pa

Pop Up

Stairs

Bachelor Book l 2022 l Yan Tung Chan

Lobby and staircase that lead to office space. With the extrude of the hosue shape frame form up semi-private workspace along the stairscase.

Since the building is being transformed from an old Porthouse, to preserving its original structure, an idea is using frames that are in the shape of the Porthouse to form and create interesting internal for different uses. This open plan design concept hoping to encourage communication and discussion, but also possible to form private spaces with movable wall panels when needed, allowing flexibility and versatility in the use of the space while preserving the historical significance of the building. To ensure that there is enough space to accommodate the workshop and to increase the amount of natural sunlight entering the building, an idea is to extend the roof using the Kirigami concept. This involves cutting and folding the roof at specific points to create skylights on the roof and allow natural light to enter the building. This could provides more space for activities but also changes the massing of the original Porthouse, adding dynamic and contrast to the building. An outdoor space also be added by removing the middle front of the building in order to allow for a public outdoor area that can be used for various activities.This also allows for multiple entrances into the building, making it easily accessible to the public.

Section

Pop-up market space ,stand divided by house-shaped frames, creating distinct areas for different uses

Reference for interior: fig. 16. ‘Mahalla – Urban Rural Living’ , Biennale Architettura 2021 fig. 17. House NA, Japn, Sou Fujimoto

Materials & Methods l DE Ponta

Reference for massing: fig. 18. Coal Drops Yard, London, Thomas Heatherwick Transforming two Victorian coal warehouses into a modern retail destination while preserving the historical significance of the structures. Heatherwick used the characteristic of paper to convert the roof by taking the two converging arcaded sheds and connecting them to the ‘kissing roof. This inspired the idea of using kirigami, a cutting and folding technique, to create a new massing for the renovated building while still maintaining the historical value of the original structure.

After the first feedback and discussion, it was noted that the use of a cutting roof and framework could create a unique and inspiring interior space for work. However, the use of two design languages made the design appear random and without a clear focal point. For further development, it was suggested to unify the design language and explore the potential of it for multiple uses, making it both functional and fun. co-working space on the second floor

Stone arcades were removed, eliminating the long corridor and creating more usable space. The new space is divided into different sections for the workshop using frames, also supporting the roof structure.

1:500 10m

10m

20m

Bachelor Book l 2022 l Yan Tung Chan

In April 2022, we had an opportunity to take a visit to Portugal. The 2 week excursion involved exploring the cities of Porto and Lisbon. The main focus of the excursion was to understand and explore the culture and environment of these cities, as well as their history and architecture. Also a great chance to gain a better understanding of the implementation and interlinking of architecture in its cultural or physical context. As this was a crucial part on developing the architectural concept of my project, and also to be certain the idea is workable and match my vision. During the excursion, we, the excursion group had the opportunity to visit several historical sites, landmarks,and experience the rich history and culture of city. A grateful part is the our studio the i.sd had collaborated with the FAUP (Faculdade de Arquitectura da Universidade do Porto), which enabled us to visit the School of Architecture and work on a small project there. To gain a more comprehensive understanding of the city, we divided into smaller groups and embarked on the production of short films on topics that we found interesting about the city Porto. I was fortunate to team up with 2 colleagues, Stephan and Jean who shared the same interest on exploring the “Market in Porto,” investigating the market’s historical significance, cultural role, and impact on the city’s development over time.

fig.19. Mercado Bom Sucesso

As we explored the markets in Porto for our short film project, we discovered that there were a few significant markets in the city. Some of the popular markets included Mercado Bom Sucesso (1952), Mercado do Bolhão (1914), Mercado Ferreira Borges (1885), Mercado Municipal de Matosinhos (1952) and Mercado Beira-Rio de Vila Nova de Gaia (1937), as well as some other flea markets that are located by the riverside and in the city. Due to time limitations, we could only cover three of the local indoor market for our film, including Mercado Bom Sucesso, Mercado do Bolhão, and Mercado Municipal de Matosinhos. Our objective was to compare these markets from their old times to the present day.

Excursion fig. 20. Mercado do Bolhão

Materials & Methods l DE Ponta

Mercado Beira-Rio de Vila Nova de Gaia

fig.21. Mercado Ferreira Borges

Through our research and observations, we found that most of the local markets in Porto are fresh food market and still maintain their original purpose. For example, the Mercado Municipal de Matosinhos remains as fresh food and fish market, whereas the Mercado Bom Sucesso has turned into a deli market, offering different restaurants and gourmet shops with locals traditional products. We also discovered that the important municipal market in the city, Mercado do Bolhão, was undergoing restoration and modernization work at the time we visited. The market had been moved to a nearby shopping mall as Bolhão Temporary Market and reopened on 15th September 2022. One interesting market that we explored was the Mercado Ferreira Borges, the red iron structure that is located near Palácio da Bolsa. It was built to replace an old market in Ribeira, but never fulfilled the functions for which it was originally intended. Presently the building is now a famous concert house, Hard Club, with room for a gourmet restaurant, a bar, and different events.

Mercado Municipal de Matosinhos

In contrast to the fresh food markets, flea markets in Porto typically sell local craftwork, food, or souvenirs goods. While there are outdoor markets that sell craft or art goods, most of these markets, such as the Vandoma Flea Market or the Porto Belo Market, only open on weekends. It is noticeable that Porto does not have a specific market building that caters to craftwork, art or self-designed goods. This could be a potential area of improvement for the city and provide more opportunities for local artisans and vendors to showcase their products.

Group: Stephan Jäck, Jean-Nicolas Tarnaud, Yan Tung Chan

MARKET IN PORTO

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Existing Port House

BASIC VOLUME

Subtraction for open space and merge the shape by folding up the roof

FOLDING & CUT Generate cut by sun direction , fold to

FINAL VOLUME

Open public space connect entrance and backside of the building.

create section of space , Skylight and connection of the two volumes

Massing diagram

After the trip to porto and consideration, thought is a better solution is needed to connect the roof in a way that would match the vision of an open public space while also providing enough space for the co-working space, at the same time the roof and interior should also coherent with each other. To achieve this, I decided to remove the middle part of the building and extend the second floor as a bridge to connect the two sections of the building. This approach not only created more space for offices, but also provided a larger open area for public use. By removing the middle part of the building, it also allow for more natural light to enter the space, and the extended second floor created a more cohesive and connected design.

Form finding & Program l Materials & Methods l DE Ponta

rra

co -w or

ctu

ki n

w or ks h

The extended floor as co-working office, which connected to the workshop at the back of the building. The front part of the building reserved as a market area, while it can also be utilized as an exhibition or event space.

ic bl pu e ac sp

Public semi-private

m ar

ke t

Private Outdoor

Program

USERS CIRCU

LATION

Pop up / Market

Co-working office

IRC

ITO

Workshop

VIS

Lecture space

Outdoor/Garden

Cirulation Visitors Pirvate

Bachelor Book l 2022 l Yan Tung Chan

Module A

Module B Stairs

Furniture

Openings

direction

Space

depth

Module A1

layering

Module A2

Module A3

Folding strategy

Initial idea is using Kirigami (切り紙) technique to convent the roof. This a japanese art of folding paper, with cut and fold, it result an 3D design that stands away from a flat surface. The characteristic giving it potential to explore and use it as architectural design tool, which could lead to a new and innovative design solutions. This also helps create a cohesive design language throughout the project. The folding formed a positive and negative spaces, creating dynamic and openness throughout the space, which aligns with the concept of having an open floor plan, also the idea of having a house inside an house. With further studies, as if the entire building could be treated as a paper, kirigami could be apply to form various architectural elements such as roofs, stairs, walls, openings and even furniture... With the folding diagram, this could experiment with various folding patterns and determine which ones are best suited for specific circumstances.

Form study 30

Design Strategy l Materials & Methods l DE Ponta

The Fold will serve as an extension to the original building, creating positive and negative spaces to divide space for workshops, offices, shops, and other purposes. The original structure will be visible through the negative spaces, creating a contrast between the old and new elements, also blur the boundaries between the spaces. A2

A1 A2

Roof Kirigami-formed roof with concret , match colour of the old mansonry stucture

Bridge companect that connect the two building , folding for circulation and construct by concret.

Innen Shell companect attached to the internal to form space and serperation, mainly with wood and metal mesh

Main stucture Old Structure of the Porthouse , constructed by mansonry and concret , exterior wall painted in grey

Bachelor Book l 2022 l Yan Tung Chan

os .C

os nt

oupelo

Rua do Ch

upelo

o Cho

Rua d ce Offi e nc tra En

WOW

t ke ar M

R. de

ilh

De Ponta

Workshop

RESULT

The Project named “ De ponta” . In portugueses means “the point” or “cutting edge” . A point or a hub for creativity and exploration of the city’s culture and art, where people from all around the world can come together. With the popularity of the WOW complex , the building can provide a space for small businesses and creators to work and showcase their creations to the local community. In addition to hosting events and markets, the public space is also open for locals to relax on any regular day. ido

ând R. C

Project Animation

dos

Reis

Result l De Ponta

Public space

Bachelor Book l 2022 l Yan Tung Chan

The building offers two entry points for visitors and creators. Visitors have the option to enter through the open public space or the left entrance, while creators can access the workspace through the right entrance or at the back of the building.

Long section

l De Ponta

11.90 10.00

5.40

1.40m 0.28m

Offices

Lecture space

Pop up market

Workshop

+0.00m

Scale 1:200 0m

11.90

10.00

10.00 5.40 3.40 2.80

5.40 +0.00m

3.40 2.80

+0.00m

1:200 Scale 1:200 Section

0m 0

Scale 1:200

5 5m

10 10m

15 15m

20 20m

Bachelor Book l 2022 l Yan Tung Chan

The interior of the building are mainly separated using the folding system, which helps to define specific areas for different applications. It has been strategically placed throughout the building to create a variety of different spaces, such as co-working areas, workshop, and communal areas, also to delineate transitions between different areas, being part of the circulation like stair and entrances, helping users to navigate through the building.

Breakout Room

Workshop

223m2

1360m2 +0,00m

Wood workshop Entrance

Garden

153m2

Level 0

Wo o sided -wor ent ksho ran ce p

Wood workshop

Floorplan l De Ponta

Lobby

Co-working ofﬁce

612m2

Breakout room

+1,40m

Ofﬁce Entrance

Entrance

Public space / Outdoor market

890m2

0,28m

+0,00m

Wo r Ent kshop ran ce

1m 33

Pop up store / market

580m2

ﬁc e

+0,00

Lecture space

280m2

Locker

Market Entrance

L Gu ectu es re t E sp nt ac ra e nc e

+0,00m

Scale 1:200

Bachelor Book l 2022 l Yan Tung Chan

Folded wooden strips serperated the spaces and areas for the market and shops, while also encouraging communication and discussion between creators and visitors through the open plan design. At the same time it ensure flexibility to transforme the space for events or exhibitions.

Render l De Ponta

“Pop up & Market “

Bachelor Book l 2022 l Yan Tung Chan

Co-working space

“Lecture space/ Event space”

Rendering l De Ponta

Meeting room 77m2

62m2

Meeting room 77m2

62m2

Ofﬁce Entrance Ofﬁce Entrance

Co-working ofﬁce

670m2 5,40m

Co-working ofﬁce

670m2

p bl ubli ic sp c sp a ac e / ce / O Ou td utd o oo r m or m a ar ke rke t t

5,40m

Entrance

Wo r En ksho tra nce p

Entrance

W o r Ent kshop ran ce

Pop up store / market Pop up store / market

Lecture space

280m2 280m2 +0,00m

Level 1

Market Entrance

Le L Gu ectu Gu ctu e r es re t E sp st E e sp nt ac ntr ac ra e an e nc ce e

+0,00m

Lecture space

Scale 1:200 1:200

Market Entrance

The co-working space itself is an extended fold bridge , that connected to workshop, this area spans across two floors and provides ample space for work. The fold here serves multiple purpose , acting as entrances staircase and furniture , connecting the ground level to the upper offices and down to the workshop. The connention between offices and workshop can be used as a lecture space for internal event or as a venue for seminars, talks, or small shows.

t Ou td oo rm ar ke

Entrance

bl ic

ac e/

Bachelor Book l 2022 l Yan Tung Chan

Wo r En ksho tra nce p

+2,80m

Workshop Breakout Room Pop up store / market

Lecture space

280m2

Garden

Level Level 1 1

MarketDigital workshop Entrance 161m2

L Gu ectu es re t E sp nt ac ra e nc e

+0,00m

Scale 1:200 1:200

3,40m

5,40m

Entrance

bl ic

ac e/

Ou td oo rm ar ke

Rendering l De Ponta

Workshop located at the building of the buildingm providing enought space and praivate for creators to work in their project away from the tourist crowd.

Wo r Ent kshop ran ce

Same in the workshop, the fold here serves as staircase and furniture but also mark rooms for different workshops, and divied the space to 3 section, space inside the fold, on top the fold and space without the fold. This wooden folded structure creates a clear contrast from the masonry and concrete floor, dividing the space both Pop up store / market visually and physically. Lecture space +0,00m

L Gu ectu es re t E sp nt ac ra e nc e

280m2

Apart from crossing the bridge, one can also enter the workshop Market directly from the main entrance of the workshop Entrance on the back of the bridge. In addition to the public open space at the front, there is also a small private garden at the back of the workshop that can be used for rest, parties and other internal event. “Workshop”

Bachelor Book l 2022 l Yan Tung Chan

l De Ponta

“Building Enrtrance - Office”

Bachelor Book l 2022 l Yan Tung Chan

Discussion

Summary of the concept

RESULT

work in progress

The whole building’s transformation is centered around the use of the ‘Kirigami’ to create space and form, also hoping to find solution with it to various challenges faced by the building, such as the need for natural light, the division of space, and the transformation of form and so on. As a result, the utilization of kirigami has been leveraged to create a cutting roof design that allows for natural light, a bridge that connects the co-working space and the workshop, providing creating a spacious and collaborative working environment and folded shell to creat space for rooms, stands, and specify area, which form up the new “De Ponta“ building. The decision to incorporate the co-working space on the right side of the building, as opposed to having the offices just on the upper floors as originally planned, this maximize the available space, at the same time also reduces the space available for the innen market. To co unter this, the market space are grouped on the left side of the building, creating a clear path for visitors to walk through and allowing the public space to be utilized for outdoor markets and events.

l De Ponta

Remaining Questions It is fascinating to note how the use of kirigami can transform the building’s design and functionality. The use of a wooden folded shell to cover the entire interior of building is a new approach that creates not only a new character for the building, but also adds functionality in terms of space, furniture, circulation, and entrance. However, there are concerns about how strong the folding structure is and would it be able to support the building’s structure, including the staircase and other uses, and therefore further investigation and experimentation are needed to ensure its safety for the users and the structure itself. Another discussion is whether the folding system is merely a decorative element or if it serves a functional purpose in the building’s space. Since the transformation of the building is mainly depends on the wooden installation on the original wall. In my opinion it is a innovative approach to revitalizing old architecture while preserving its historical and cultural value, at the same time its environmentally sustainable, as it allows for the reuse of existing materials and prevents the need to demolish the whole and construct a new building. The use of local materials like wood and granite is also commendable as it supports the local economy and reduces the environmental impact of transporting materials from elsewhere, which aligns with the circular economy principles. To further advance the project, there are several point that can be explored. One idea is to develop the folding system, creating more variations of fold for different circumstances or application, like how to creat private space with the folds, and even making it into a transformabe or movable fold that allow users to close or open or even adjust the space according to their needs. Although foldable furniture is already available in the market, there is still a gap when it comes to foldable systems as spaces.With it characteristic of folding up and down, the shell should be developed into a system that can allow flexibility of space even mechanize it for convenient. This could change how normally people interact with space and given an entirely new experience and environment with the fold. Additionally, incorporating renewable energy sources such as solar panels, as well as utilizing more eco-friendly materials and construction methods , the project could be part of the circular economy. With further development and refinement, the folding system has the potential to be refabricated and utilized in transforming other old buildings, creating a new spaces while retaining the original structure. Even expanding the use of the folding shell and could be a viable option for creating temporary office spaces, housing solutions, or even serve as emergency shelters, allowing for flexible and sustainable solutions to adapt changing needs and circumstances. The material used for the folding should also be explored for the applications and due to different locations. Local materials like wood and granite were used in the this project, but there may be other materials that could be more suitable for the environments and purposes. This might be a materials that with higher strength and durability or lighter weight for easier transformation or other sustainable and eco-friendly materials could also be a consideration for development. 47

Bachelor Book l 2022 l Yan Tung Chan

List of Figures Fig. 1. Fig. 2. Fig. 3. Fig. 4. Fig. 5. Fig. 6. Fig. 7. Fig. 8. Fig. 9. Fig. 10. Fig. 11. Fig. 12. Fig. 13. Fig. 14. Fig. 15. Fig. 16. Fig. 17. Fig. 18. Fig. 19. Fig. 20. Fig. 21.

José Campos (2011). Centro Social de Brufe, Imago. [online image]. Available from: ............................... 10 https://www.archdaily.com/108290/brufe-social-center-imago Ricardo Oliveira Alves (2015). Alcabideche Social Complex, Guedes Cruz Arquitectos. [online image]. Available from: ............................... 10 https://www.archdaily.com/591843/social-complex-in-alcabideche-guedes-cruz-arquitectos GRUPO SNJOSE. São. Bento Residences, Porto. [online image]. Available from: ............................... 10 https://www.grupo-sanjose.com/english/p_S%C3%83O-BENTO-RESIDENCES-OPORTO_377 José Campos(2014). Melgaço Sports School, Monte Prado. [online image]. Available from: ............................... 10 https://architizer.com/blog/inspiration/collections/concrete-facade-portugal/ CVDB arquitectos. Braamcamp Freire School, Lisbon. [online image]. Available from: ............................... 10 http://www.cvdbarquitectos.com/escola-secundaria-braamcamp2/1ndhvine5bzgi61buimo2kwhub8csw George M. Groutas (2004). Estádio Municipal de Braga. [online image]. Available from: ............................... 10 https://www.flickr.com/photos/jorge-11/2409683043 Marta Ferreira (2018). Azulejos facade, Lisbon. [online image]. Available from: ............................... 10 https://theculturetrip.com/europe/portugal/articles/a-brief-history-of-portugals-beautiful-azulejo-tiles/ Marta Ferreira (2018). Azulejos facade, Lisbon. [online image]. Available from: ............................... 10 https://theculturetrip.com/europe/portugal/articles/a-brief-history-of-portugals-beautiful-azulejo-tiles/ Krystianwin(2019). Rooftops of Porto. [online image]. Available from: ............................... 10 https://pixabay.com/photos/porto-portugal-the-roof-of-the-tile-4348569/ Ivo Tavares Studio(2021). Box House, Romarigães, Tiago Sousa. [online image]. Available from: ............................... 10 https://www.archdaily.com/963448/box-house-tiago-sousa?ad_medium=office_landing&ad_name=article GQ(2011). Rooftops of Lisbon. [online image]. Available from: ............................... 10 https://www.gqindia.com/content/love-lisbon Emontenegro(2019). SO House, Porto, PHYD Arquitectura. [online image]. Available from: ............................... 10 https://www.archdaily.com/919850/so-house-phyd-arquitectura Flaunt Magazine.The WOW complex. [online image]. Available from: ............................... 19 https://flaunt.com/blog/world-of-wine backer_photo(2022). Cultural and Creative Park, TW. [online image]. Available from: ............................... 21 https://www.instagram.com/p/ClC4DK5vlJx/ Kevin Mak(2019). The Mills, Hong Kong. [online image]. Available from: ............................... 21 https://zolimacitymag.com/hong-kongs-modern-heritage-part-iv-the-mills/ Giorgio De Vecchi (2021). ‘Mahalla – Urban Rural Living’ , Biennale Architettura 2021. [online image]. Available from: ............................... 24 https://www.dezeen.com/2021/05/20/uzbekistans-venice-biennale-pavilion-community-living/ Iwan Baan(2012). House NA, Japn, Sou Fujimoto. [online image]. Available from: ............................... 24 https://www.archdaily.com/230533/house-na-sou-fujimoto-architects Heatherwick Studio(2014). Coal Drops Yard, London, Thomas Heatherwick. [online image]. Available from: ............................... 25 https://www.heatherwick.com/projects/spaces/coal-drops-yard/ Jose Paulo Andrade(2009). Mercado Bom Sucesso. [online image]. Available from: ............................... 26 https://www.pbase.com/jandrade/image/132554123 Linda De Volder(2016). Mercado do Bolhão. [online image]. Available from: ............................... 26 https://www.flickr.com/photos/lindadevolder/30176667886 Sara Riobom(2016). Mercado Ferreira Borges. [online image]. Available from: ............................... 27 https://portoalities.com/en/what-is-the-story-of-mercado-ferreira-borges/

l De Ponta

This is the end of the thesis book Thank you