多益toeic歷年常考的文法句型 by Derson

多益 TOEIC 歷年常考的文法句型 1.主詞動詞一致 For each seminar, we have to register and pay before the registration date on which the seminar _________ (a) begin (b) began (c) begins (d) beginning ANS: (c ), 主詞 seminar 是單數名詞,句子時態由 have to 得知是現在式,且 the seminar 是單數主詞,故選 begins。 2.動詞時態十二種( 1 現在簡單式, 2 過去式, 3 未來式, 4 現在進行式,5 過去進行式, 6 未來進行式, 7 現在完成式, 8 過去完成式, 9 未來完成式, 10 現在完成進行式,11 過去完成進行式,12 未來完成進行式 ) The company profits _______ dramatically last year. (a) rose (b) risen (c) rise (d) raised ANS: (a), 主詞是 the company profits,時間是 last year 過去式，故要選過去動詞。 The news _______ by the time the error was found. (a) has already been released (b) already releases (c ) already released (d) had already been released ANS: (d),by the time (等到…),本句文意”等到錯誤過去被發現時,新聞早已公佈出去。” 比過去更早發生的動作要用”過去完成式”,即 had+過去分詞。 3.主動與被動形態 Some service fees will be_______ whenever a client withdraws money from the account. (a) charge (b) change (c) charging (d) charged ANS: (d) ,被動式公式”主詞+be. 動詞 + 過去分詞”,故服務費會被收取是 service fees will be charged. 4.單複數名詞,集合名詞 Responsibility, along with communication skills, ____ required for our candidates. （a） is （b） are （c） be （d） is to ANS: (b), 真正的主詞是 responsibility 是單數名詞,而不是 skills,故需要用單數動詞 is 5.IF 假設法(與現在事實相反,與過去事實相反) 1

If I _______ the company, I would have hired him. （a）owned (b) own (c ) have owned (d) had owned ANS: (d), 從後半段結果句 would have hired 可看出過去完成式，故可知句型是描述與過去相反的假設句，因此前半段條件句要用 had+過去分詞，即” 如果我擁有這間公司，我就會雇用他”。實際上表達的意思是”我過去並沒有擁有這問公司，所以我沒有雇用他。” If 條件句

狀況

與現在事實同現在式（可能實現）

結果句

例句

現在式( 表達習慣) If it rains, I drive to school. 或未來式或（表達未來可能If it rains, I will drive to school. 性）

與現在事實相一般動詞過去Would +v. 反式或 were

If I owned the company, I would hire him. If I were the boss, I would hire him.

與過去事實相had+過去分詞 Would have +過去分If I had owned the company 2 years 反詞 ago, I would have hired him. 6.連接詞(and, or, but, although, however, since, in addition……) ________ the agent said the market was healthy, he refused to invest more money in stock. (a) in addition (b) since (c) even though (d) however ANS : ( c) 由於句子的語氣前後相反，”雖然…，但是…” 故選（c）,空格後接子句。翻譯：雖然營業員說市場是健康的，但他拒絕投資股票。 ______ two centuries, the diamond has been used as the symbol of the love. (a) Since (b) For (c) In (d) From ANS: (b),這句的時態是現在完成式， since+ 過去一個時間點，for +期間 in+未來的一個時間，用於未來式。 7.關係代名詞(who, whom, whose, which, where, that) Many students from medical schools want to be a doctor _____ annual income is higher than that of a nurse. (a) who (b) which (c) that (d) whose ANS : (d), whose annual income is ……,whose 用來表示醫生的年收入翻譯：很多醫學院的學生想要當醫生，而醫生的年收入比護士的高。先行詞

關係代名詞

後面接

例句

人(主詞)

who 或 that

The man who lives here is my brother.

東西

which 或 that

The book which is on the desk is mine.

人或東西的 whose

一般名詞

The dog whose tail is black is mine.

人 ( 受詞 ) ＋東西＋介系詞介系詞

whom 或 whichThe boy whom I called yesterday is John. 子句 The city in which I stayed for 10 years has changed.

where=in which

地點

The city where I stayed for 10 years has changed.

子句

8.不定詞(to v.)和動名詞(ving) The principal suggested _______ an anti-drug campaign for students. (a) to launch (b) launching (c) launch (d) launched ANS : (b), suggest 這個字後面一定要加動名詞（Ving）補充：要加動名詞(Ving)的字如： admit, mind, deny, delay, enjoy, postpone, prevent , keep, appreciate, recommend, consider, commit, quit, prefer  要加不定詞( to V)的字如： afford, fail, ask, decide, demand, choose, expect, wish, hope, want, manage, offer, intend , promise, refuse, expect, permit, seem, hesitate 9.比較級和最高級 This program is ______ selling software on the market in Asia. (a) fastest (b) faster (c) the fast (d) the fastest ANS: (d),本題表示市場上銷售最快的軟體,故(d)為最高級的正確用法。比較級公式: 兩個音節以內的形容詞直接+er+ than,三個音節以上的形容詞則 more +adj +than, 最高級公式: 兩個音節以內的形容詞 the+形容詞+est,三個音節以上的形容詞則 the most +adj. 10.分詞形容詞 The _________ report has been sent to the headquarters this morning. (a) complete (b) completed (c) completing (d) competent ANS : (b),空格需要一個形容詞來形容報告,而(b)是形容詞,指被完成的報告。原句 the report is completed. 可變化為 the completed report (主詞)+ v. + o. (d)雖是形容詞,但是文意是”有能力的” 。 11.感官動詞 3

Although his speech was very ________, many found it too boring. (a) interest (b) interested (c) interesting (d) interestingly ANS: (c)，因為 interest 是感官動詞，用來形容人的情緒是用 Ved, 形容東西是用 Ving 。常考的字有 bore, amaze, surprise, disappoint, excite, exhaust, frighten, satisfy, tire, worry, terrify, assure, embarrass 12.代名詞 The police are closing the one land of the road so that _____can conduct the routine check. (a) he (b) they (c) their (d) theirs ANS: (b), 由 are 可得知主詞 the police 是複數名詞,故用 they 做為代名詞。The police 為集合名詞,是指”警察們”,其他用法”the rich 有錢人們”都是複數。 13. 相似單字 Your reports can be sent _________or by mail. (a) electron (b) electrical (c) electronically (d) electronic ANS : ( c) ，這裡需要副詞來修飾 be sent 這個動詞 .electron( 電子,名詞 )， electrical( 電子的，形容詞 ) ， electronically( 用電子方式地，副詞 ) ， electrical(與電氣有關的，形容詞)。補充：其他要注意的相似字，如： advice (n) advise (v) / effect (n) affect (v) / 14. 字義/詞性/相似字 The _________of the passengers will transfer at this airport. (a) most (b) major (c) majority (d) more ANS : (C)， The ____＿of the________,其中空格都是名詞,而其他選項都不是名詞。 15. 使役動詞（make, let, have..） Make checks ______ to A &D Co. （a） payable （b） paying （c） paid （d） payment ANS: (a) ,以下是 make 的用法 1.V 原 Make 受詞+ 2.adj. 3.n 本題考開支票的用法… make a check payable to = make out a check to 16. 片語 He was disappointed to hear that his proposal was ________. (a) turned up (b) turned down (c) turned over (d) turned on ANS: (b),考片語的意思 turn up(出現,發生),turn down(拒絕),turn over(翻),turn 4

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