CORONAVIRUS - Lexicon

CORONAVIRUS – LEXICON Community Spread

When a disease is sustained and easily spread throughout a community. Contact Tracing  e process of identi cation of anyone who may have come into contact with an Infected person. Coronavirus

Any of a family (Coronaviridae) of single-stranded RNA viruses that have a lipid envelope studded with club-shaped projections, infect birds and many mammals including humans, and include the causative agents of MERS, SARS, and COVID-19 COVID-19

A new disease that can cause respiratory illness (like the  u) with symptoms such as a cough, fever (39 C / 101.8 F), and in more severe cases, di culty breathing. Flattening the Curve

Slowing the rate of infection of a disease. Isolation

Separating infected and/or contagious people from those who are uninfected Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS)

Is viral respiratory illness that is new to humans. It was  rst reported in Saudi Arabia in 2012 and has since spread to several other countries, including the United States. Most people infected with MERS-CoV developed severe respiratory illness, including fever, cough, and shortness of breath. Outbreak

A sudden or violent start of something unwelcome, such as disease, war, etc. Pandemic

A disease prevalent over a whole country or the world Person to Person Transmission

Transmission of a disease that occurs when an infected person touches or exchanges body  uids with someone else Pneumonia

Lung in ammation caused by bacterial or viral infection, in which the air sacs  ll with pus and may become solid. In ammation may a ect both lungs (double pneumonia), one lung (single pneumonia), or only certain lobes (lobar pneumonia). Public Health Emergency of International Concern

An extraordinary event which is determined, as provided in these Regulations: (i) to constitute a public health risk to other States through the international spread of disease; and (ii) to potentially require a coordinated international response.  is de nition implies a situation that: is serious, unusual or unexpected; carries implications for public health beyond the a ected State’s national border; and may require immediate international action. Quarantine

A state, period, or place of isolation in which people or animals that have arrived from elsewhere or been exposed to infectious or contagious disease are placed. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)

A contagious and sometimes fatal respiratory illness caused by a coronavirus. SARS appeared in 2002 in China. It spread worldwide within a few months, though it was quickly contained. SARS is a virus transmitted through droplets that enter the air when someone with the disease coughs, sneezes, or talks. No known transmission has occurred since 2004. SARS-CoV-2  e disease causing agent of the COVID-19 disease. Social Distancing

Social distancing is a term applied to certain actions that are taken by Public Health o cials to stop or slow down the spread of a highly contagious disease. State of Emergency

A situation in which a government is empowered to perform actions or impose policies that it would normally not be permitted to undertake. Zoonotic Infection

An infectious disease caused by bacteria, viruses, or parasites that spread from non-human animals (usually vertebrates) to humans.