CONTENT
1. UFOs Stories
a. b. c.
MYSTERIES OF THE NAZCA LINES THE INCREDIBLE CROW CIRCLES, TRUE? OR JUST A THYMUS… UNIDENTIFIED SUBMERGED OBJECT (USO) ONLY ON THE AIR?
2. Old Civilizations
a. b. c.
THE MUMMIES THE BIGGEST MYSTERY AMONG ALIENS AND MEN PURPOSES OF A GREAT MONUMENT “STONEHENGE”
3. MYSTIQUE PLACES
a. b. c.
EL DORADO” THE LEGEND WHERE IS ATLANTIS? BERMUDAS TRIANGLE.... REALLY IS A MYSTERY?
4. SECRETS
a. b. c.
FREEMASONRY LIBRERY OF ALEXANDRIA WHAT IS THE ORIGINAL PAINTING?
5. Scientific mysteries
a. b. c.
INVISIBLE BODIES, AN INEXPLICABLE MYSTERY? THE LOCH NESS MONSTER DINOSAUR EXTINCTION
THANKS TO
UFO STORIES
MYSTERIES OF THE NAZCA LINES
then instantly became the largest solar
with
biggest
observatory in the world.
geometry.
sizes
and
compound
There are so many unexplainable mysteries in our world. One of these great mysteries is the Nazca Lines located in the Nazca Desert in southern Peru. These are some of the greatest Geoglyphs that the world has to offer like patterns of animals, insects, humanoid creatures. Who built the Nazca lines?
I think the theory of the Nazca lines being built by aliens wasn’t nearly as good as the theory by Marie Reiche is better.
As far people realize about crop circles many theories come out, like crop circles was made by ufo referring to weird lights on the sky, also people say other people did the circles and finally that those circles was a result of an atmospheric
The Nazca lines weren’t discovered
phenomenon.
until the middle of the 20th century when airplanes started coming over the desert.
Because of all the speculations about
Some researchers said the lines were
the crop circles, in 1991 Doug Bower and
created by the Nazca culture around one
Dave Chorley told that they were the
hundred before Christ.
responsible of the first circles, some meteorologists talked about crop circles as In conclusion the theory presented by Maria Reiche is the most logical of all the theories presented about the Nazca Lines, but there may be a lot more about this complex mystery.
a result of tornadoes so Dave and Dough started to do straight lines on the circles to silence all the speculation. However people don’t believe that two men did those big crop circles in one night besides Dave and Dough doesn’t
Andres Aparicio
have enough knowledge about complex geometries or golden ratio, for that reason
Some people think that the Nazca lines were built by aliens because one the figures
has a strange airport like shape
researchers began to analyze the wheat, THE INCREDIBLE CROW CIRCLES,
then they found in some circles that the cell
TRUE? OR JUST A THYMUS…
phones an the compass doesn’t work and
moreover this has some characteristics of a
the electromagnetic radiations was zero.
modern airport like large landing strip and parkings.
Crop circles are draws of huge dimensions made in wheat that appears in the middle of the night, generally those circles have a very complex geometric and designs with different significant sometimes so complex that people can’t believe who it was made by the man.
Maria
Reicheoriginally
was
In 1996 arose one prove of the flying lights, a video who showed how two flying lights did a crop circle whit the shape of a snowflake in seconds, it was the master prove of the people who believe in ufo, years later one guy confess that he was the author of the video and showed how he did it, people of all the world outraged began to
a
The first crop circle was found in
say that this guy work for the government
mathematics professor and archeologist
1976, it appear in England (Winchester),
according to they all was a constipation to
from Germanywho studiedthe Nazca Lines
those first circle have a simple geometry
hide a big secret.
for over 20 years and she has come up with
(big circles with little circles around), and
thetheory that these were used to track the
was televised in all news of the world, then
sun and astronomical calendar cycles. It
suddenly start to appear in a lot of countries
All became on a confusion, people began to make groups of believers and skeptical, both groups with strong evidence,
for that reason a professor called robin
have they own conclusions but the real true
USOs? Isn’t it a problem for them to move
Allen and a group of students did sixty crop
is something that we never will to know.
in space, air and water? Are there alien
circles, according to the ufo believers all
Andres Fergusson
circles was make by ufo those declarations were very
awkward to the believers
nobody knows which is the answer to these questions, simply it’s an enigma. Are there
UNIDENTIFIED SUBMERGED OBJECT
however they still believe in ufo.
bases beneath the sea? Who knows,
(USO) ONLY ON THE AIR?
any normal and natural explanations for the sightings of USOs?
Many people know sighting reports about UFOs, strange objects that fly
The Bermuda triangle is famous for
through the air of our planet. But also it’s
hundreds of sightings of unidentified and
remarkable that most parts of our world are
strange submarines
Other group of people appears,
covered with water and that there is some
lights beneath the sea. A lot of reports
people who say that they were inspired by
evidence that the UFOs also use this
around the world are told by fishermen and
the ufo, they went to the crops in the middle
"matter" to move to most places of the
sailors such as the cases best known as
of the night and a strange energy told him
planet without being seen by anyone. Then,
the stories of the Argentinean “Naviero” and
what to do, they said that the ufo only
unidentified objects aren’t confined to the
Brazilian “Caioba-Seahorse” ships, also in
appears on the middle of the night because
sky. In fact throughout the seas, oceans, as
the Atlantic Sea. There are also sighting
of the farmers, they probably attack the ufo
well as lakes and rivers of the world,
reports about such objects in rivers and
if they arrive in the day.
strange metallic objects have provoked a
even in lakes. The sightings in some lakes
lot of curiosity in the people. If a UFO
in California have been as widely reported
moves beneath the water with an amazing
as the sightings in the Nile and Amazonas
speed we call it a USO - an Unidentified
Rivers. Also there are reports about strange
Submerged
Underwater
metallic objects that broke with great power
Submarine Object - and there are a lot of
through the ice of the frozen lake Siljan in
sighting
Sweden.
Still without a specific response a group
called
“BCI
Research”
they
investigated for fourteen years, the only consistent
evidence
was
the
wheat
nodules, on the anonymous crop circles those nodules were longest that the normal nodules, and has a special radioactivity like
Object
reports
about
or
such
strange
submarines than most of us don’t know.
geometry
which emits several lights with green, red,
of
blue, yellow and white colors drifting in the
snowflakes.
A lot of things have said about crop circles,
recognized three types of objects as a gray
with a diameter of approximately 10 meters
those characteristics was made by natural the
people
a very bright metallic disc shaped object
than the others didn’t, according to they like
most
cylindrical object, a gray round object or as
a microwave also the nodules has holes
phenomenons
Generally,
and unexplainable
water.
But, why are USOs moving through
but…
the water? Maybe they have the same
Why don’t make the circles in another kind
reason as the UFOs in the sky. What is
of crops? Why don't make direct messages
their task? Unfortunately we don’t know
to the people? A long travel to make a
their task. Are UFOs and USOs parts of the
circle and then go… is that logical? People
same phenomena and do they have a common origin? Can all UFOs also be
On the other hand, the scientists think some tiny plants and animals in the sea are called plankton, which are in fact able to emit light and to produce "glowing spots" on the water and also chemical reactions can cause such phenomena. The mysterious "white water" in the Bermuda triangle is
maybe a result of chemical reactions. But can plankton produce "illusions" of solid and metallic cylindrical and disc shaped objects moving with high speed? How can plankton rise from the water and start flying through the air? 


 In the meantime people in the whole world will certainly continue to discover strange objects not only flying in the sky but also diving beneath the sea. If we believe that UFOs are a fact, we can believe that the submarine objects also exist. If we find the truth about one of the phenomena we can maybe solve also the other.
Daniel Burgos
OLD CIVILIZATIONS
THE MUMMIES There are many mummies in the world but many of them weren't intentional mummification. Only in ancient Egypt the most important people were mummified intentionally so each generation discovers
Recently in the past century was
ordered it, and the farmers made them,
discovered a Tutankamun tomb and there
other people think that the aliens made
was interesting situation because it has
them. But nobody has the last word, it will
damning. Someone who dare take an
always be the biggest mystery of the
object will be death; curiously all people
mankind.
participate in the burrowing during the next year were dead.
They
are
the
most
perfect
new thing over their context. The last
construction that exists in the world, three
discover
millions of stone blocks were used to build
is
found
cocaine
leftovers. known
them, and they were covered with white
empire and their kings were called as
limestone to make them shine with the sun.
“Pharaoh”.
mummied
All these blocks are joined without mortar,
the Pharaoh because they thougt that when
fitting perfectly together, so it´s impossible
Pharaoh died, he was about to begin a long
to pass a knife blade between two blocks of
travel to a new life so he needed his own
this stone.
Egyptians were
the most
They
well
intentional
belongings to travel safe and quiet.
Now in a strange coincidence in the Egyptian mummies has found cocaine leftovers. There was a extrange mummy known as Henut Taui, she wasn’t Pharaoh but
she was
appreciated too much.
Although Egyptian pharaohs smoke
opio
consumption
and
used
marihuana,
to the
cocaine was unknown, in
1992 study begun and the scientists believe
But when they were build, the big
that is possible because they commerce
construction machines we know now didn´t
with pre-colombian culture. I think ti’s not
exist, so it´s difficult to think that people in
possible
this time could build this demanding
because of the long distance
masterpiece…
between the two lands.
Verónica Cuervo
But Egyptian Pharaoh not was only person they mummied all of most loved
For this reason people around the word talk about the idea that aliens came to
THE BIGGEST MYSTERY AMONG
earth and they helped the Egyptian people
ALIENS AND MEN
to build the pyramids. Maybe it was easier
Pharaoh's things too, that is to say his wife, pets generally cats, and favorite musician were buried next to him in same
For thousands of years Egypt has
tomb even if they weren't dead. For
attracted the attention from people around
example musician was founded with his
the planet, there you can find one of the
fingers in harp we could think he performed
wonders
a song at the end.
Pyramids”. There are about 110 pyramids,
of
the
world
“the
and faster to make them together.
famous
some were built as burial places for kings Mummies were sold at markets too, in middle age you could buy three kind of
or queens, and they belonged to Pharaohs and represented their power.
mummies: 1) Mumia arabus,; 2) Mummia Arabus vulgaris; and 3) Mumia Grecorum. They were sold everywhere. Also part of
How did the Egyptian people build them??? It´s big mystery.
aliens build them???
mummies were used like a panacea medical
but
were
Some years ago an alien body was
questionated until in different stories sick
found buried perfectly preserved, carefully
worsened until dead, it was called as
mummified in an ancient pyramid. The
mumia, but at the end didn’t has enough of
mummy looks like an alien, dating back
mummies so for this practice then people
over 2000 years and it seems it would be a
sentenced to death were mummified and
humanoid. Some people think that he has
sold.
different characteristics of the reptilian, for
However
theirs
the
effects
Is there other reason to think that
substance
mumia
currently is used to only asphalt, in Colombia it’s known as neme.
There are different opinions about it, some people said that The Pharaohs
example his fur and his eyes too large and oval. The mummified body was buried with
great respect and care, accompanied by weird objects that until now nobody have been able to identify. No one has found similar elements in other Egyptian tombs, so that discovery would be of great importance for the mankind today. However it´s important to recognize that
ancient
civilizations
rememberedfor
their
have
inventions
been and
Recently,
Mike
Parker
Pearson
majestic strides….. are the Pyramids one of
discovered that Stonehenge was built
these? Were The Egyptian helped by
around 5,500 years ago and that his stones
aliens? Who made the pyramids of Egypt?
(blue stones) are of Gales. He affirm that it was built by prehistoric people who wanted
Laura Huertas
to worship to the died of their relatives, according with he, Stonehenge was a
PURPOSES OF A GREAT MONUMENT
monument with the same purpose of the
“STONEHENGE”
pyramids; It was for the worship of the
There are some monuments that nobody knows who and why built, many
death, Prehistoric people thought that the dead walked into the world of the death.
people wanted to explain with theories and legends, but with the passage of time, these theories were overthrown by others; this is the case of Stonehenge a circle monument of stones that is in Salisbury England.
Mike Parker found some traces of other Stonehenge that was built of wood and this meant the life. Finally, all people could think different theories about Stonehenge, but his great architecture and the big coincidences with Stonehenge has theories,
Initially
in
had about
five
other buildings around the world are
the XII Century,
amazing and some people still have big
Geoffrey de Monmouth, said that the Stones were brought from Ireland By Merlin to build a monument for the war dead, then in the XVIII Century William Stukeley influenced by John Aubrey affirmed that Stonehenge was built by Druids (Celtic priests), for religious ritual and Ceremonies like sun worship. However in the IX Century Joseph Norman Lockyer found some points on the monument that were linked with the solstices,
putting
Stonehenge
as
astronomical observatory, beside theses theories,
many
people
thinks
that
Stonehenge was build by Aliens, and some people found Stonehenge as a circle of constant energy for spaceships.
questions about Stonehenge.
Leonardo Daza
MYSTIQUE PLACES
“
EL DORADO” THE LEGEND "El
Dorado
shifted
Colombia, Peru, Bolivia, Ecuador, Brazil and Venezuela.
geographical
locations until finally it simply meant a Many people died in the attempt.
source of untold riches somewhere in the
Although
Americas," says Jim Griffith, a folklorist in
this
place
of
immeasurable
richness hasn't been found and the search
Tucson, Arizona.
of it has not been successful, is impossible not tell and remember this amazing history.
El Dorado is the name of the legendary golden city or the "Lost City of Gold", that has been searched since 16th century by explorers in the called “New World”. According to legend in the mythical place there is a city with large reserves of
In the same way a lot of pieces of gold and treasures quickly were stolen by
Erika Diaz
the conquerors when they saw how the Muiscas towns had a lot of gold in their possession.
WHERE IS ATLANTIS?
gold and the streets paved with this metal.
The story of Atlantis arises from the writings
The legend tells of a Muisca King who
Plato in Critias and Timaeus, say that this
rafts in which the King very resplendent
story was told by the Greek wise Solon,
with many golden and emeralds objects
by Juan Rodriguez Frayle he tells the legend. A part of Rodriguez`s book says:
a Greek
“Dialogues of Plato”, these dialogues by
important ceremonies, the Muiscas built
Guatavita. In the book “El Carnero” written
he was
philosopher. In 427 B.C., he wrote the
used to cover himself in gold dust during
gave as an offering to their gods into Lake
of Plato,
Since the discovering of America
who in turn received it from an Egyptian
there have been many expeditions to find
priest. In these writings he describes a
not only treasure of gold but also in search
great continent that had a wonderful
of a city covered by the precious metal.
civilization, he said, had ever existed in “a distant point of the Atlantic Ocean” opposite
“The gilded Indian then... [threw] out all the
the Pillars of Hercules, in the year 900 B.C.,
pile of gold into the middle of the lake”.
and he said that Atlantis had sunk into the sea in a day and a night, victim of a big cataclysm. These writings created the legend of the lost continent of Atlantis.
This story fascinated the explorers when they arrived to America. . When Spanish explorers reached South America in the early 16th century, they heard stories about a tribe of natives high in the
It's necessary to make an explanation
Andes mountains in what is now Colombia.
on this period of time, and is that Salon
They tried to find this place exploring the
could have misinterpreted
jungles of “Nueva Granada”.
symbol for 100 and 1000, that is, that the
the Egyptian
Atlantis would have existed in 9000 years B. C. Which coincides with the ice age or in
Part of the story is true. In Lake
900 years B.C.
Guatavita and in other lakes in Colombia many golden objects have been found in
Some
of
the
most
famous
this places. Part of this objects are in the
expeditions were directed by: Franciso
However, hidden beneath the sea,
famous Gold Museum in Bogota. The most
Orellana (1541), Sebastian Belalcazar y
the ruins of the Atlantis remain hidden but
famous is a wonderful piece called
Franciso
de
nobody knows where. Yet for centuries it
“Miusca Raft”. It was made between 1.200
Federman (1535), Gonzalo Jimenez de
has been studied in every way it’s possible
and 1.500 B.C.
Quesada (1536), Felipe de Utre (1541) and
exact location, there are many theories that
Walter Raleigh (1595). They searched for
try to explain the mystery of Atlantis.
Pizarro
(1535)
Nicolas
Central America has a vast column
For years, many people have been
along the Atlantic seabed. Some suggest
suggesting different theories about the
published “Sea Mystery at Our Back Door”
that the higher parts of this mountain range,
location of Atlantis, but no one is sure
by George X. Sand. In the article the author
were once above sea level,
where. Was there some day Atlantis? And if
covers the loss of several planes and ships,
so where is?
including the loss of flight 19.
forming
Atlantis. There is another theory about Atlantis
In my opinion, the most accurate
in North America. From the accounts of
theory is the possibility that Atlantis was
Christopher Columbus, who had obtained
destroyed by a cataclysm. Probably that
traces of Atlantis in that continent, however,
Atlantis is on the seabed and that an
this theory was discarded because the
earthquake destroyed the island.
Natalia Pedreros
characteristics of the inhabitants of Atlantis, is unlike those of the ancient North
years
later the
Fate Magazine
In the Flight 19 traveled a group of five US navy TBM Avenger bombers on a training
mission.
The
five
airplanes
disappeared after showing disorientation, instruments failure and after crossing strange messages with the control tower and each other in which it appeared that
Americans. About the continental bridges, many
Two
BERMUDAS TRIANGLE.... REALLY IS A
the compasses had stopped working, which
MYSTERY?
was difficult in the case of an airplane that
centuries ago the African continent was
had been revised before taking off, but it
joined to South America and Europe. Some
Have you ever heard about the
theories said that those bridges to link
Bermudas Triangle? Maybe yes. Maybe
continents coincided with Atlantis, but
you know that The Bermudas Triangle was
geologists said that this was not possible
and have been a mystery or enigma, but
because these continental bridges ceased
what are the reasons that made the
to exist several million years ago, long
Bermudas triangle an enigma?
before the existence of Atlantis.
was highly unlikely for all aircraft. No one never found the slightest trace of them and the flying boat sent to rescue disappeared the same day.
Similar
events
have
happened as Flight 19 have never been found.
Other important event was the loss of This is the most modern theory and which most people believe, because there are many people who believe that Plato was wrong when he said that Atlantis was "beyond the Pillars of Hercules", nor was in the year 9000 , it was in the year 900. In 900 BC in the Cyclades Islands located in the
Mediterranean
a
big
catastrophe
It´s known like a dangerous and mysterious area because there have disappeared sailors, pilots and tourists, these events have never been resolved and happened under mysterious circumstances. As a rule, people
have
paranormal
attributed these to the
activity
and
extraterrestrial
beings.
occurred. In Santorini, occurred volcanic
The triangle area covers about
blast and the crater was so big that half of
1,140,000 KM2 between the Straits of
the island sank beneath the sea. The lava,
Florida, the Bahamas, the Caribbean Island
the ash and the wave height of 60 meters
area and the Atlantic east to the Azores.
destroyed the island and the nearby coasts.
2 transport air craft Tudor Iv Known as Star Tiger and Star Ariel. It happened before dawn on January 31 of 1948. The aircrafts made contact with a control tower. The Captain
requested
to
calibrate
radio
navigation systems because the airplanes were slightly off course. The position was corrected
with
respect
to Bermuda’s
triangle. After this last message, no was recorder. Many
theories
exist
to
give
explanation to these unknown events, some are science fiction and others are based on scientific principles. Theories related to science fiction are: Relations with Alians beings, which exert a force that causes vessels and aircraft sink. One theory is that under the area of
A big number of aircraft and surface vessels have gotten lost in this place. Briefly the first disappearance there was reported by Edward Van Winkle Jones.
the triangle the ancient Atlantis lives. A city that apparently existed 5000 years before Christ, scientifically advanced. This city mysteriously disappeared, which suggests
that from this civilization will be sending rays and other energies which would be responsible for the disappearances.
A mathematical model by Monash University in Melbourne (Australia) confirms the existence of bubbles of methane from the seabed, which could be the cause of the mysterious sinking of ships. Methane combined with the water is heated, forming bubbles which reach the surface and burst generating turbulence and sinking vessels. Many people have different theories to give explanation to the disappearances. Some are perhaps less probable than others that are based on scientific theories. No matter how many theories there is yet no explanation to all these events in the Bermuda Triangle. But, who is the right? The science? or popular beliefs?
Natalia Diaz
SECRETS
FREEMASONRY In the centuries 16th and 17th, was created a fraternity, named freemasonry, based in the love to the humanity, in the symbols,
like
Compasses
a,
The
meaning
Square the
and Grand
Geometrician of the Universe, and the limits that must be maintained over any other Mason, and with the “G” in the middle represents God, and their philosophy is based in the naturalism and rationalism view appealing to reason as a source of knowledge or justification. They are a lodge with the same ideology, but different and adverse to the catholic’s religion, that tries to find the true through of the reason, the exaltation of the mind and the moral of the humanity, excluding the divinity and the religious beliefs. Its origins are evidenced like
a
pagan
reaction
against
the
Christianity, and the maxim theory is: “its essence can only be understood by a Mason” originated by the Gnostics, people
Masonic influence as powerful in
Founded in the third century BC by
politics as in business. When the Masons
Ptolomeo and located in the editorial capital
have taken control of a government, as in
of the world, was a marvel in its time and
France in 1877 and Portugal in 1910, have
was not surpassed by any other until
passed laws to restrict the activities of the
modern
Church. The American continent has also
advances made it possible.
been deeply affected by Freemasonry. They are still present in the power groups, the fraternity spread throughout Europe and the American Colonies its ideologies, and They became very popular in colonial America.
a
where
technological
Among its main attractions it had a zoo, beautiful gardens, meeting room and a laboratory where biologists made many advances in this field . The library was visited by people from all regions who came by boat to see the majesty of it.
head of the fraternity in Pennsylvania, as did Paul Revere and Joseph Warren in Massachusetts. Other well-known Masons involved with the founding of America included John Hancock, John Sullivan, Lafayette, Baron Fredrick von Stuben, Nathanael Greene, and John Paul Jones. Another
Mason,
Chief
Justice
John
Marshall, shaped the Supreme Court into its present form. In consequence, the Freemasonry
The interior had the largest existing
the independence of human
manuscript collection at the time, because
reason before to any authority, and this is
at that time people could only write and
the most serious disagreements with the
draw on papyrus and they were the only
teachings of the Catholic Church. They
way to publish a book, which was very
spread
that
expensive. In the library was the most
independently from all religions. Finally, the
exactly copies from the some books that
ideal
people couldn't buy.
defends
when the Masonic Fraternity was formed,
was
Mason; Benjamin Franklin served as the
that unbelievable in God.
No one knows with certainty how or
George Washington
times
a
universal
of Freemasonry
morality aren´t
anymore
according to the needs of the modern man, and tends to disappear.
the oldest document that makes reference
Nicolas Rubio
to Masons is the Regius Poem, printed in 1390. However, the first fraternity was the Grand Lodge of England, founded on 24 June 1717, when four personalities of London met for a reunion; from here they moved to France where they founded "The Grand Orient of France" in 1736. But, there is evidence that suggest that there were Masonic lodges in Scotland as in late 16th century.
LIBRERY OF ALEXANDRIA In times where was not technological progress,
men could create what
is
considered one of the wonders of the
The library only worked over a
architecture and science, the Library of
thousand years. All the collection of the
Alexandria.
papyrus were donated for all king who ruled in the time, according to data in total 900.000 of them. Many librarians worked there, according to official records was the first time a library was managed by experts. But what happened with the library, was it destroyed? Who did it? In which year?.
These are some of the most
important questions about what was the reality of the end. Some people said that
the emperor Julio Cesar in his eagerness to
years old. He was an Italian painter,
It wasn`t detected immediately, because in
kill his opponent went to Alexandria with his
sculptor,
scientist,
those days the museum was closed to the
army, but with such good luck, the other
mathematician,
inventor,
public for maintenance, finally the painting
emperor has already been assassinated by
anatomist, geologist, cartographer, botanist
disappeared and was recovered two years
other king
and writer while a genius.
and one hundred and eleven days after.
who was in war. After Julio
architect,
musician, engineer,
Cesar, was forced to leave the city so he burned when some ships to avoid local people follow him
but
the fire was
extinguished for almost the middle of the city including the library. The people wants blow out the fire but it was too late, the library was completely brought to ashes. Other studies say that there are large numbers of people who think that the library was not destroyed. They say that the library was transformed into a church and a monastery.
The identity of the model has been one of the greatest misteries of this work. In academics
Peruggia was an Italian patriot who
happened to the library. There is no trace of
discovered any notes into margins of a
believed that Leonardo’s painting should be
it and most of the manuscripts that were
book by Leonardo Agostino Vespucci who
returned to Italy to display it in an Italian
there disappeared.
the memory
was a Florentine official, an Italian writer,
museum. Peruggia has been motived by an
remains of what was in antiquity, the
painter and Leonardo’s friend. These notes
Argentinean storekeeper named Edward
greatest center of knowledge and wisdom
said: Leonardo is working “on the head of
Valfierno.
invented by men.
Lisa del Giocondo” she was a member of
American collectors and a Brazilian, he sold
the Gherardini family of Florence and
forgeries made by other painter, each for
Tuscany, and wife of wealthy Florentine silk
three hundred thousand dollars. Finally
merchant Francesco del Giocondo, these
Peruggia was arrested when he attempted
notes could be a confirmation. However
to sell “The Gioconda” to the Director of
these notes don’t have a description of the
the Uffizi Gallery in Florence.
Well nobody knows for sure what
Only
Carlos Johnson WHAT IS THE ORIGINAL PAINTING?
2005 Heilderberg university
He did business
with five
painting or drawing and could be attribute to any female portrait of that time.
In Madrid, Prado museum, there’s one copy of “The Gioconda”, researches believed to have been made by an apprentice of Leonardo da Vinci, possibly painted at the same time. In the world there On august 21, 1911 a man named Vicenzo Peruggia, former employee of the “The Gioconda” or “The Mona Lisa”
Louvre museum, stole “The Gioconda”.
is the most famous painting in the art world,
He arrived at 7am, he dressed with a white
after five centuries of existence. “The
coat like those used by museum staff, he
Gioconda” was painted by Leonardo Da
picked up the box and the framework was
Vinci. He began this work in 1503 and
withdrawn, so after leaving the museum
finished in 1507, when he was fifty-five
with the painting hidden under his clothes.
are a lot of copies of this painting and if we think of the long time that this painting was disappeared, then, Is “The Gioconda” displayed in the Louvre museum, the original one?
Yeni Manrique
SCIENTIFIC MYSTERIES
INVISIBLE BODIES, AN INEXPLICABLE MYSTERY?
familiar force that can stop its immense gravity to hang over him.
Many people consider the black holes
Furthermore, this enigma is known as
are inexplicable paradoxes because they
“Information paradox”, It refers the future of
think they don’t have a logical explanation.
the thing that comes in the black hole.
Perhaps, People haven't gotten to know the
Stephen Hawking says it has solved this
wonders that are hidden in those invisible
paradox. He says black holes seem to
bodies .It is the reason why a lot of
“have not horizon” to protect its contents
questions arise when the term “Black hole”
from the outside world, namely, The black
is mentioned.
holes emit a radiation and then It opened to
Anyway, there are so many advances in science that today we can speak of the creation of an artificial black hole; in addition to being able to speak of a black hole eclipse and now we can transport ourselves
to
another
dimension.
Are
humans very far from knowing this great mystery?
Monica Muñoz
reveal all the information that they contain. THE LOCH NESS MONSTER This is a legend about one lake monster that inhabits in the Scottish Highlands. Popular interest began when the people around the world knew the story about this creature. The evidence about the existence is anecdotal and you only can find few photographies and sonar readings. Black holes have been intuited by astronomers for centuries, mythicized by science
fiction,
analyzed
by
highly
specialized researcher, besides, another part of researchers considered the black
But, what’s the true mystery? If it’s
hole's existence as being something not
something that nothing has, there is only
real. These are the reasons why for many
emptiness. Likely, the real mystery is
years black holes have been one of the
getting to know the true mystery could be:
most enigmatic objects.
How we could get to communicate with any universe?
The most common theory between the believers is that the creature is the last survivor of the plesiosaurs age. The most famous image of the Loch Ness Monster is the Surgeon´s Photograph. This picture was taken by Dr. Wilson in 1934. He
But, what’s a black hole? Simply put, a Black hole is a region of space that is so
It is believed that in all galaxies exist
claimed that when he was looking at the
some black holes in their center. Millions
loch he saw a little head and a neck and
and billions are more massive than our sun.
them he took five pictures, but only two
Some of these are the most violent and
were
energetic objects of the universe.
photograph, Hugh Gray, on 12 November
clear.
Before
the
Surgeon's
1933, was walking along the loch when he However, what’s the mystery about
heard a one noise and then a large
the not returning point? It can be the
creature came from the lake. Gray took a
possibility to come inside to a gloomy world
lot of potographies, but only in one it
complex.
with a distorted time-space which would
showed up. This image apperead to show a
Generally, it is formed when a star is
lead us to parallel universes ,also, their
creature with a long tail and thick body at
becoming bigger and bigger and bigger
departure would be called “White hole” or
the surface of the loch. This picture is as
than the sun (supernova), namely, her
On the other hand, the black holes collapse
bluer as the Surgeon's photograph.
nucleus exploit and until now don't exist a
could create “The Wormhole” that It can
incredibly dense that light cannot escape. The black hole's formation can be something
weird
and
very
transport us to another dimension .
The scientific community think that all about the Lonch Ness monster is a myth,
been the second most important species in
the current. for a meteorite that impact the
the world.
earth, some theories show that the size of
because they didn't found any evidence
the meteorite was like a little country of
about the creature existence. In 2003, a full
Europe and the impact caused a crater 24
research of the Loch was sponsored by
miles deep and 125 miles wide, The crater
BBC. They used approximately 600 sonars
was discovered in 1991 in Chicxulub,
beems but they didn't find anything.
Mexico,
on
the
Yucatan
Peninsula
according to theory by California San Diego university.
Dinosaurs lived on Earth for 150 million years, from the Triassic to the Cretaceous Periods, and then they became extinct.
The
Dinosaurs
were
huge
creatures, a hundred tons in weight and up to 40 meters long. Others were as small What is certain, Nessie, as it's a called
as a dog.
affectionately, is important for of local
Some studies show that the reason of
economy. In this site there are some hotels
the disappearance of the dinosaurs is not
that offer tours to talk about the lonch ness
clear, but some specialists about this
monster legend for people that want to
strange cases demonstrated that a major
know about it. For this reason, although the
event happened on earth like a meteorite or
evidence shows otherwise, for local people,
a overheating that gradually killed them.
Finally there is a crater by the Wolf Greek in Australia and by the carbor-14 method scientist have proved that this crater is over 64 million years old.
this creature is part of their lives.
The first theory is that a high volcanic activity started to overheat the earth temperature and some dinosaurs escaped The Lonch Ness monster is as big mistery as the jety legend, and its a one of the greattes enigmas of the humanity.
to that place but most of the species were killed for this reason, for instance the most famous dinosaur, the tyrannosaurus.
One of the theories is that the flesheating dinosaurs ate all the plant-eating dinosaurs and after a while themselves. This could be right but what about the flowers. The flesh-eaters are not built to eat plants so why did the flower extinct?
Oscar Pulido
DINOSAUR EXTINCTION Dinosaur extinction is still a major enigma of earth history. Many of the imaginative theories for the extinction of the dinosaurs will also be presented. Nobody
Other things might
knows the truth about Dinosaur extinction
dinosaurs’ extinction:
but an important thing is that they have
have
caused the
We know that the oxygen levels in the Earth’s atmosphere were much higher than
Here we have many kinds of different theories about the extinction, but most of the theories are just guesses. The problem with the theories is that they are based on
very few actual facts, and consequently it is only your logical sense that can judge which theory is the right. The previous paragraph
contains
different
kinds
of
dinosaur extinction theories, from meteor that impact the earth to volcan activity and and dinosaur cannibalism, But those are just theories. What do you think about the dinosaur extinction?
Javier Vargas
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