ROWDY @ 3 SOUTHEAST TINES CONTROLLING PARASITES IN HUMID CLIMATES HELPFUL TIPS AND ADVICE SPONSORED BY TROFLORIDADEERPOXFAWNINGSeTDA“HICCUPS”VIRUSINFLORIDAFARMRAISEDPHYBUCKS Fall 2022 l Volume 10 l Issue 3 SEEINSIDEADS MONARCH SUPREME / 20-28 / BRR MATRIARCH (BIG BOB/RED 55-MONARCH I’S DAM)
1SETDA 2022 ADVERTISERS INDEX 5 Star Genetics ...................................... 39 ADAPCO, LLC 50 AR&R Antler Replica & Repairs ............ 29 Blessed Bayou .......................Cover, 3, 49 Blue Creek Whitetails 8 C&E Wildlife Products ........................... 50 Cervid Solutions, LLC ............................ 32 Cervidae Health Research Initiative 5 Crescent Ranch ..................................... 15 CuddliEZ ................................................. 52 Dan-Inject North America 33 Enable .....................................In. F. Cover Ezid, LLC ................................................. 52 Head Gear LLC 23 Hilty Whitetails ...................................... 46 Marsh Valley Whitetails 7 NexGen Compounding......................... 18 Pine Creek Deer Farm .............. 17, 26-27 Pneu-Dart, Inc 42 Prime Acres ..........................Whitetails37,In.B. Cover, B. Cover Purina 30 Rocky Ridge Whitetails .............. 9, 10, 45 Sunrise Supply, LLC............................... 29 Thompson Trophy Whitetails 16 Trophy Whitetails .................................. 24 Whetstone Whitetails ........................... 12 Woodard Whitetails 20 IN EACH ISSUE Membership Application 6 President’s Message ................................................................... 2 Recipe ................................................................................... 28, 48 SeTDA Business Cards 35, 38, 41, 51 SETDA BOD 2, 4 FEATURED ARTICLES: Controlling Parasites in Humid Climates - Helpful Tips and Advice................................................................... 40 Fawning Hiccups .......................................................................... 43-44 Florida Farm Raised Trophy Bucks ............................... 22, 31, 36, 47 Red Ridge Whitetails and Cervid Solutions – Striving to Represent the Deer Industry in a Positive Light ....... 33 The Best Protocols for Selling Deer 11 Things to know about Deerpox Virus in Florida Whitetailed Deer 19, 21 Tis the Season .................................................................................... 25 Featured Farm Roni & Dan Wood - 7W Whitetails.............................................. 13-14CONTENTS DeadlineWinterNov.1 GRAPHIC DESIGN AND PUBLISHING Kathy Giesen, Editor/Publisher 305 E. 350 N., Ivins, UT deerassociations@gmail.com84738 435-817-0150 • Fax: 435-359-5333 Website: deersites.com (Editorial Provided by Contributing Writers)
2 SETDA 2022
PRESIDENT James “Smitty” Smith Gum Creek
Twobasedownfarms@yahoo.comBleffler2011@gmail.com561-373-2353
Mike Hunter MS Hunter Farm 8479 Puckett Rd Perry, FL Mike.Hunter@etranscarriers.com850-843-088132348
BOARD OF DIRECTORS -MESSAGEPRESIDENT’SJAMES“SMITTY”
FELLOW FARMERSDEER
The summer picnic will be over by this time but hopefully we’ll be able to announce the scholarship outline at the picnic. We want to reach out to any and all that might have an impact on the agriculture community. We encourage everyone to tell all to get involved. We need to promote our younger generations because they are our future. Our goal is to present the award at the next Spring Fling. Until next time, be safe, look ahead, and be “Florida Strong.”
Laurie Cook BDRL Whitetail Paradise Farm 4600 SW Deer Run Avenue Okeechobee, FL 34974 laurie@bdrlwhitetails.com561-762-2983 Louis Scott Scott’s Game Farm 96769 O’Neil Scott Road Fernandina Beach, FL 32097 904-557-8940, 904-753-4091
VICE PRESIDENT Jared Deason Sweetwater Plantation 3464 Chamblee Rd Tallahassee, Fl 32309 deason21012@gmail.com850-643-7326
Benny Wilkison Lil Oak Whitetails 3193 NW 216th St Lawtey, liloakwhitetails@yahoo.com904-424-7233Fl
SECRETARY Susan Hall Oak Island Whitetails Florida Hunting Adventures 12111 NW 300th S t Okeechobee, FL 34972 Stuffette@bellsouth.net954-242-1472
James “Smitty” Smith
Hunting Preserve
SMITH
Sometimes when I talk to deer farmers that is one of the hardest decisions to make after watching them grow; they are like their babies and do not part with them easy. Some will go on to be great in their new world and we will hear about them for years. Others of course will be shipped to hunting preserves with a chance of being the buck of a lifetime which someone will enjoy for years. Not only will that person enjoy it, but it will be enjoyed by family and friends every time the story of the hunt is told. So, in other terms, they might be remembered a long time after they leave the breeders pen, longer than sometimes we think they are.
www.GumCreekHuntingPreserve.comJsmith@crossenv.com813-714-5045
TREASURER Dr. Juan Campos College of Veterinary Medicine Dept. of Large Animal Clinical Sciences University of Florida 108 Deriso Hall, Gainesville, FL 32610 352-363-0703 / jmcampos@ufl.edu
DIRECTORS Bill Lefler 2 Base Down Farms 2751 SE CR 343 Morriston, FL 32668
Hope all has been well with everyone. Now that the fawning season is over, I hope everyone has had a great success with the new little ones. The heat has not helped us this year but hopefully everyone survival rate has been good. Hopefully, there will be a great number of new bucks and does for the future. With that being said it is also the time of year to depart with all the bucks and does that everyone has raised and watched mature.
•
To serve as a collective voice in governmental issues that affect whitetail deer producers, so as to enhance the Whitetail Deer industry.
The Board of Directors (Board) for the Southeast Trophy Deer Association (SeTDA) has several Board positions set to expire. Therefore, the SeTDA will be holding an election for the expiring Board positions. The SeTDA is looking for HARD WORKING individuals who will devote the necessary time and energy to accomplish the following mis sion of the SeTDA:
• To require members of the Corporation to operate in a legal, honest and forthright manner with fellow mem bers, other Whitetail Deer producers and the general public. If you are interested in running for one of the expiring Board positions, please answer the questions in the at tached document and e-mail to stuffette@bellsouth.net.
1. Please describe yourself and what you do outside of the cervid industry.
CANDIDATE QUESTIONS FOR THE SETDA BOARD OF DIRECTORS
2. Please describe your operation. (How long have you been raising deer? Where is your farm located? What species are in your breeding program? What are your primary markets? Etc.)
5. Why do you want to serve as a SETDA Director? Mail to: 2019 SeTDA Elections Committee 8307 NW CR 136A Live Oak, Fl 32060 OR Scan & email to: stuffette@bellsouth.net
• To promote the business of raising and marketing Whitetail Deer in the State of FLORIDA.
3. Describe any roles you have served in (committee member, officer, etc.) for your state and/or national associ ation (NADEFA).
4. Describe your position on open borders for your state of residence, as well as from a national perspective.
• To promote high ethical standards in the care, handling and harvesting of Whitetail Deer.
4 SETDA 2022
Dear SeTDA Member:
• To provide educational opportunities for members of the Corporation and other interested people through the sharing of information concerning Whitetail Deer.
www.wec.ifas.uf l.edu/cheri To submit samples for analysis, call: @UF IFAS CHeRI UF IFAS Cervidae Health Research Initiative
6 SETDA 2022
By: Gail Veley • Sponsored by the Illinois Deer Farmers Association
Establishing and cultivating trusting relationships between parties is seen by those in the deer business, as the most important priority for both the selling and buying of whitetail deer. In an industry where friendships run deep and reputations are built on solid, reliable production, trust is needed to take the risks involved in this inevitable transaction. “Everyone is taking a risk whether you are buying or selling deer,” said Rick Davidson of Illinois Dominant Bucks in Marshall, Illinois. Davidson, 49, who has been in the industry for 24 years and who both buys and sells deer, shares a common desire felt among deer farmers. “I always pay up front. I would think every deer farmer would want that, too,” he said. “If I buy a deer and release it into my preserve it may or may not be harvested, but that deer farmer deserves to be paid regardless. He spent two or more years raising that Althoughdeer.”a vast majority of deer farmers are paid at the time of the sale “I’ve heard so many horror stories about guys who were never paid,” Davidson added. Congruently, after being in the business for several years, Rusty Karr of Illinois Dominant Genetics in Wapella, Illinois has learned in his experience “if you’re not paid until later, you will only get paid one out of ten times.” In what he often times feels is a “cutthroat” business, Karr, who sold close to 90 deer in 2020, strongly advocates not giving credit to someone you do not know well or trust. “If someone wants to buy deer from me, they need to call me two or three months ahead of time and build a relationship with me,” he said. Karr, 45, also shares this important advice. “If you sell more than five deer you need to get paid up front on some of them,” he said. “Make sure your buyer is going to be reliable. Always ask for a deposit. If they can’t afford a deposit, then they can’t afford a deer.” Contracts might seem to be a reasonable way to ensure payment, yet Grant Carrolan of Hidden Hollow Whitetails in Marion, Illinois feels a level of trust between sellers and buyers can be worth more. “I know someone whose been working with same person for 12 years buying his deer,” he said. “And he doesn’t get paid until the following January for all the deer. But he’s been paid every single time for between $30,000 and $50,000 worth of deer.” While that system may have worked well for those individuals “I know one guy who had sold a dozen deer and was getting paid over six months. He got a check when the deer were picked up, one a few months later and a then final check. He did not like that,” Carrolan said. “The risk incurred from a preserve owner (acquiring and keeping deer) is so minimal compared to a deer farmer and yet we’re both making same amount of money.” Spreading payments out over time may require the seller to “keep tabs” on their deer. “But you don’t need to do that if the money stillbetterafeels39,immediately,”comesCarrolan,emphasized.Healsothatsellingdeeras“packagedeal”worksifeachdeerisindividuallypriced, rather than placing equal value on every deer included in the group. In the event that a deer in this situation perish, a value established prior to the incident and may help eliminate future payment discrepancies. Perhaps even better than being paid up front is being paid in advance, providing added incentive for the seller to keep the deer healthy and thriving. “I know one preserve owner who prepays 50% of the total cost up front and the rest when the deer are picked up from the seller,” Carrolan said. However, many reputable preserve owners, who always honor their commitment to pay for deer they have acquired, must wait until hunters pay them, in order to have the necessary funds to pay the deer Itfarmer.was2 a.m. in 2018, when newly established deer farmer James Perry of Drop Tine Whitetails in Marshall, Illinois sold his first deer. After the buyer’s deer hauler finally arrived and the two prepared to load the deer, the hauler announced that the buyer did not provide him with a check when Perry inquired. Perry, 49, reluctantly agreed to let the deer go and be paid later. “I was pretty uncomfortable about it,” he admitted. “I assumed I was going to get paid right then and should have clarified it. But a check came in the mail a month and a half later and I was very relieved.” In order to achieve the highest level of success in the industry “I think especially if you are small, take time to develop relationships with other deer farmers and preserve owners in your state or region,” Perry said. “Being a part of a close-knit group really helps. After purchasing my farm, I went and met Greg Mills when he was president of our association, and he was a lot of help. He encouraged me to join the IDFA association and since then I have developed a couple of close relationships. It makes a huge difference getting in these groups and having their support.”
11SETDA 2022 THE BEST PROTOCOLS FOR SELLING DEER
5.DO YOU AI OR LIVE BREED?
3.HOW LONG HAVE YOU BEEN DEER FARMING?
2.WHY DID YOU DECIDE TO START A DEER FARM?
As long time hunters we love the breed. There are times we just sit and watch Whitetail Deer at the hunting land. After several deer farm visits and four years of education through SE TDA events then planning we are finally off to a start!
IF YOU AI, DO YOU USE VAGINAL OR LAP PROCEDURE? This is our 1st year breeding o n our own and we do plan to Lap AI this Fall. 2022 SETDA Expo 2021 SETDA Expo 2019 SETDA Expo
4.HOW MANY DEER DID YOU START WITH? We started with two quality pedigree bred does. We learned along the way the philosophy of quality vs quantity. We may be small but soon to be MIGHTY!
13SETDA 2022 Roni & Dan Wood 7W Whitetails “We may be small but soon to be MIGHTY!” 7W is located at: 1320 Sloans Ridge Road Groveland, FL 34736 Contact us at: sevenwoodswhitetails@yahoo.comComevisitus!(407)748-91481.HOWDIDYOULEARNABOUTDEERFARMING?
We are the new kids on the block! We sold our home in Orlando, moved 45 mins West to Groveland and our bred does arrived this Spring after FWC approval of our pen.
We heard about the Deer Farming industry from Deer & Wildlife Stories with Keith Warren. He spoke about deer farm visits. We looked up the farms near us and started visiting. We got education from SETDA events and asked a LOT of questions. We even met Keith Warren last year at the SETDA Expo.
14 SETDA 2022 7. WHAT FEED DO YOU USE? Our deer eat Record Rack 6. DO YOU BOTTLE FEED YOUR FAWNS? We have great Mama’s, and they did a superb job this year taking care of their babies. However, we absolutely will bottle feed if necessary 8. WHAT IS THE MOST ENJOYABLE PART OF RAISING DEER? We enjoy watching our animals most of all They each have such different personalities. Our biggest laugh is when they get the zoomies after a rain and are running from end to end of the pen in joy 9. HOW HAS THE ASSOCIATION HELPED YOU AND YOUR FARM? There are some of the nice st people in the deer farming industry in Florida We have been Blessed to visit farms, invited to events and received amazing education along the w ay from SETDA members. We cannot thank all of you enough for helping us get the best start eve r. We have turned our dream into reality and the best is yet to come … Thank you! Roni & Dan Follow us on: 7W Whitetails We appreciate our SETDA family!
19SETDA 2022
By: Drs. Juan M. Campos Krauer a,b, Samantha M. Wisely B,C, Pox viruses are widespread in the animal world and infect a large number of hosts, including insects, reptiles, birds, and many mammal species. While some pox viruses like smallpox virus and chicken pox virus are highly adapted to humans, some, like monkeypox virus can be transmitted from species to species. All pox viruses are characterized by being highly contagious, and usually result in lesions or rashes on the skin. Poxvirus infections occur in domestic hoofstock including cattle, sheep, goats, camels, horses, and swine. In addition, poxvirus infections have been reported in wild ungulates including mountain sheep, mountain goats, reindeer, mule deer, musk-ox, caribou, moose, and white-tailed deer. In 1983 a genetically distinct pox virus was isolated from two skin lesions from free-ranging mule deer from Wyoming (Mule Deerpox virus). Since the 1990 and early 2000s, several cases of the Mule Deerpox virus have been reported from black-tailed deer from California and Oregon and a white-tailed deer from Mississippi, suggesting that this virus may be a potential emerging pathogen for white-tailed deer. It remains unclear whether its emergence is due to increased prevalence or because of increased detection.
Why is this Mule Deerpox virus important for us here in Florida? In 2016, the UF IFAS Cervidae Health Research Initiative was presented with a case of a four-week-old fawn that died from a secondary bacterial infection but had lesions consistent with a pox virus infection. By culturing a swab of the lesion we were able to grow and then whole genome sequence a virus which we identified as Mule Deerpox Virus. The genome sequence was 100% identical to the one found in two Wyoming mule deer, 99% similar to a case from a Mississippi white-tailed deer, and 98% similar to virus from black-tailed deer from California and Oregon. Since that first report, CHeRI has identified the virus in deer from multiple farms. Cases have typically presented as fawns <3 months of age with skin legions that lead to secondary bacterial infections. Cases have been found throughout Florida.
How is deerpox transmitted? Pox viruses are highly contagious. Transmission of poxviruses can occur by aerosols (small saliva particles in the air) or by direct contact among sick animals. Virus particles are shed from skin lesions and ocular and nasal discharges during the acute stage of the disease which contaminates equipment and housing facilities and allows the virus to spread from animal to animal. Biting insects (mosquitos and biting flies) or rodents may also transmit the virus as occurs with some other pox viruses. More research on transmission potential is warranted.
What are the signs of pox virus in deer?
Clinical illness from deerpox virus seems to be more common in fawns, primarily during the warm months of the year. The incubation period for deerpox virus in white-tailed deer is still unclear; however, it is thought to be from one to two weeks. The disease generally involves the development of vesicles, or blisters on the skin that burst, developing ulcers with a crust along the edge of the lesion. These lesions commonly can be seen on the neck and mucocutaneous tissues of the head (eyelids, lips, ear tips, and nose). Other gross lesions reported in some cases include keratoconjunctivitis (combined inflammation of the cornea and conjunctiva of the eye) and hair loss in affected areas. In addition, ulcers can form on the upper alimentary tract, lips, mouth, tongue, esophagus, stomachs (reticulum, rumen), and teats. Symptoms such as weakness and weight loss have also been described. Can deerpox kill deer?
THINGS TO KNOW ABOUT DEERPOX VIRUS IN FLORIDA WHITE-TAILED DEER
Yes, if the infection affects the entire body, it can be fatal. However, in the majority of cases, the disease has not been fatal. Lethal cases are generally the ones that have a secondary bacterial infection or result in starvation because of pain and internal ulcers in the digestive system. At this point, it is unclear if recovered animals become immune for the rest of their life to subsequent deerpox virus reinfection. Mule deer pox virus has not been observed to be transmitted to people; however other pox viruses can be transmitted to people. If lesions are observed on your deer, proper personal protection should be observed. This includes keeping open lesions away from your skin by wearing long sleeves and gloves, and properly disposing of and washing clothing that has been in contact with potentially infected deer. Always wash your hands after handling deer.
Figure A and B. Fawn affected by deerpox virus in Florida. Black arrows point at multiple dried skin and mucosa lesions. Multiple lesions can be visible on the head, surrounding the eye, nose, and mouth, on the leg similar lesions can be seen affecting the hoof and surrounding area. Picture by CHeRI.
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4. Dieterich, R.A., G.R. Spencer, D. Burger, A.M. Gallina, and J. VanderSchalie (1981). Contagious ecthyma in Alaskan musk-oxen and Dall sheep. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 179: 1140–1143.
How is deerpox treated?
6. Junge, R.E., Duncan, M.C., Miller, E., Gregg, D., Kombert, M. (2003). Clinical presentation and antiviral therapy for poxvirus infection in pudu (Pudu puda). J Zoo Wildl Med 31:412–418
At present, there are no vaccines available and no specific treatment for deerpox, other than supportive care to prevent malnutrition, dehydration, and secondary bacterial infections. How can I prevent deerpox from spreading in my herd? If you suspect a case on your farm, particularly among your fawns, separate the suspected animals and prevent contact of infected animals with healthy ones. Thoroughly disinfect equipment, tools, and facilities. The virus is relatively resistant to physical and chemical cleaning. To disinfect facilities, surfaces, and equipment, you can use sodium hydroxide solution (0.8%), sodium hypochlorite (bleach) at (1%), quaternary ammonium compounds, as well as detergents. Alcohol is not a suitable disinfectant. Make sure to wash and disinfect your hands and any clothing or shoes after caring for possible infected animals. Before introducing new deer to your herd, ensure the new animals do not have any visible lesions or any other signs of disease. Currently, we don’t know if pests (rodents) or insects can spread deerpox virus; however, it is always important to implement a comprehensive pest control program on your farm. If you have questions, please feel free to contact Dr. Juan Campos for a farm consultation or the CHeRI hotline (352-562-3337) if you would like diagnostic services for sick or dead deer. CHeRI’s mission is to improve the health and production of the Florida deer industry.
14. Upton, C., Slack S, Hunter, A.L., Ehlers, A., Roper, R.L. (2003). Poxvirus orthologous clusters: toward defining the minimum essential poxvirus genome. J Virol 77:590–600
7. Kummuneje, K., Krogsrud, J. (1979). Contagious ecthyma (orf) in reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus). Vet Rec 105:60–61
10. Samuel, W. M., G. A. Chalmers, J. G. Stelfox, A. Loewen, and J. J. Thomsen (1975). Contagious ecthyma in bighorn sheep and mountain goats in western Canada. J. Wildl. Dis. 11: 26–30.
bDepartment of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA. cEmerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
3. Baughman, B., Zhang, S., Jin, L, Pace, L.W., Cooley, J., Yan, L., Zhang, M.Z. (2011). Diagnosis of deerpox virus infection in a white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) fawn. J Vet Diagn Investig 23:965–970
15. Veterinary Microbiology and Microbial Disease, 2nd Edition. P. J. Quinn, B. K. Markey, F. C. Leonard, P. Hartigan, S. Fanning, E. S. Fitzpatrick. ISBN: 978-1-118-302156 May 2012, Wiley-Blackwell. 593-602
2. Afonso, C.L., Delhon, G., Tulman, E.R., Lu, Z., Zsak, A., Becerra, V.M., Zsak, L., Kutish, G.F., Rock, D.L. (2005) Genome of deerpox virus. J Virol 79:966–977
Samantha M. Wisely, Professor & Director of the Cervidae Health Research Initiative; Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, UF/IFAS Extension, Gainesville, FL 32611.
aDepartment of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
16. Williams ES, Becerra VM, Graham TJ, Owens MJ, Nunamaker CE (1985). Spontaneous poxviral dermatitis and keratoconjunctivitis in free-ranging mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) in Wyoming. Wildl Dis 21:430–433
Juan M. Campos Krauer, Assistant Professor, Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine; UF/IFAS Extension, Gainesville, FL 32611.
1. Adams, M.J., Lefkowitz, E.J., King, A.M.Q., Harrach. B., Harrison, R.L., Knowles, N.J., Kropinski, A.M., Krupovic, M., Kuhn, J.H., Mushegian, A.R., Nibert, M., Sabanadzovic, S., Sanfaçon, H., Siddell, S.G., Simmonds, P., Varsani, A., Zerbini, F.M., Gorbalenya, A.E., Davison, A.J. (2017). Changes to taxonomy and the International Code of Virus Classification and Nomenclature ratified by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Arch Virol 162:2505–2538
13. Smith, T.C., Heimer, W.E., and W.J. Foreyt (1982). Contagious ecthyma in an adult Dall sheep (Ovis dalli dalli) in Alaska. J. Wildl. Dis. 18: 111–112., T. C., W. E. Heimer, and W. J. Foreyt.
Poxvirus infections are diagnosed based on clinical manifestation (appearance of the characteristic skin lesions); however, identifying deerpox cases can sometimes be challenging if the animal only develops internal lesions. In these cases, clinical manifestation may be lethargy and decreased appetite. If you suspect you have a deerpox case on your farm, it is important to identify the infected animal and quickly isolate it from the rest of your herd. Because the virus is highly contagious, outbreaks can occur on your farm. If you suspect pox virus in your animal, the best way to rule it out is by giving the CHeRI team a call. We will swab lesions of live animals to detect deerpox viral DNA. Rapid and accurate diagnosis can prevent a farm-wide outbreak of the virus.
5. Gillespie, J.H., and J.F. Timoney. (1981). Hagan and Bruner’s Infectious Diseases of Domestic Animals. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York. Pp. 527–550.
How is deerpox virus diagnosed?
References
8. Moerdyk-Schauwecker, M., Eide, K., Bildfell, R., Baker, R.J., Black, W., Graham, D., Thompson, K., Crawshaw, G., Rohrmann, G.F., Jin, L. (2009). Characterization of cervidpoxvirus isolates from Oregon, California and eastern Canada. J Vet Diagn Investig 9.21:487–492Patton,J.F., Nordhausen, R.W., Woods, L.W., MacLachlan, N.J. (1996). Isolation of a poxvirus from a black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus columbianus). J Wildl Dis 32:531–533
11. Sayler, K.A, Subramaniam, K., Jacob, J.M., et al. Characterization of mule deerpox virus in Florida white-tailed deer fawns expands the known host and geographic range of this emerging pathogen. Archives of Virology. September 2018. doi:10.1007/ 12.s00705-018-3991-7.Skinner,M.A.,Buller, R.M., Damon, I.K., Lefkowitz, E.J., McFadden, G., McInnes, C.J., Mercer, A.A., Moyer, R.W., Upton, C (2012). Poxviridae. In: King AMQ, Adams MJ, Carstens EB, Lefkowitz EJ (eds) Virus taxonomy: ninth report of the International Committee on taxonomy of viruses. Elsevier Academic Press, New York, pp 291–309
21SETDA 2022 (Continued)
22 SETDA 2022 2022 Florida Farm Raised Trophy Bucks 2 BASE DOWN WHITETAILS DOUBLE R WHITETAILS 2 YR OLD 2 YR OLD 2 YR OLD MEGA BUCK ALOUKO FARMS W14W29 3 YR OLD 3 YR OLD 2 YR OLD OUT OF DR. DYNAMITE 2 YR OLD OUT OF MICKEY 2 YR OLDS OUT OF MICKEY
SETDA 2022 Does the sound of antlers clashing make you cringeeach fall? Science Geared For Deer ENTERIC HEALTH FORMULA™A DIGESTIVE HEALTH & IMMUNE SUPPORT CERVIDS OF ALL AGES Supports digestive health and a healthy immune system Natural formula contains Encrypt ®, egg proteins, enzymes, micro-encapsulated probiotics and a prebiotic Top dress or mix in feed during fawning season, weather changes, times of stress and when top performance is desired FAWN & DEER XTR™ PASTE ROBUST, FAST GI SUPPORT FOR FAWNS & OLDER DEER Designed to quickly support normal GI health Novel formula delivers powerful immune support Can be used post tranquilization to help speed recovery PEACE MAKER™ ™ DESIGNED TO HELP INCREASE YOUR PEACE OF MIND... WHEN YOU NEED IT MOST! H EAD G EAR LLC 1383 ARCADIA ROAD , SUITE 102 / LANCASTER , PA 17601 PHONE 717-509-5724 WWW . HEADGEARLLC . COMSCAN TO LEARN MORE NOWWITHENHANCEDAPPETITESTIMULANTS&PROBIOTICS NEW 30 RESEALABLELB.BAG! Rut and reduced feed intakes can bring out the worst in bucks and irritable behavior can rear it’s ugly head! PeaceMaker is scientifically formulated to provide optimal support levels of magnesium, Vitamin B1 and inositol to help maintain a normal and relaxed disposition in cervids Contains no herbals nor tryptophan, eliminating concerns of unwanted side effects Use PeaceMaker ™ to help “keep the peace” during pre-rut, rut, transportation and other key times during the year Now available in a 30 lb resealable bag and 11.25 lb pail to help fit your operation’s needs
Dustin Davis, DVM Dynamic Concept Services, LLC 7650 Laurel Valley Rd Fort Myers, FL 33967
https://www.deernz.org/deer-hub/health/major-issues/parasites/Lhah876@gmail.com814-521-8050
The main thing to keep in mind when approaching parasitism is to remember true success comes from a multifaceted approach. It takes working side by side with your veterinarian and nutritionist in order to succeed. It is like the old proverb about the village with a cliff beside it. The village kept having folks fall off the cliff and half of the village wanted to buy an ambulance to treat the folks who fell. The other half of the village wanted to build a fence to keep people from getting to the cliff to fall. Be a “build a fence” kind of producer.
A few tips as to manage parasites without a dewormer:
By: Dustin Davis, DVM, Dynamic Concept Services, LLC
1) Forage Length: All intestinal parasites are spread fecal-oral. Making sure your pens are not grazed too close will minimize the exposure to parasites by keeping from grazing on the ground where the fecal pellets are dropped. Also, its more than just about keeping off the ground, some of the species of parasites have the ability to climb the forage (about 4 inches). Keep that in mind when mowing pens and when assessing how many animals to place in a pen. Once forage length gets too short, parasite exposure increases
As you are reading this article right now I am sure you are thinking of about 20 pressing issues associated with your stock. The months from June until December are some of the most emotionally fluctuant times in deer farming. You see the benefits of last year’s breeding, yearlings start coming of age, and you are starting to determine matings for next year’s fawns. Now in the middle of all of this is the struggle of fighting to keep fawns alive, EHD at bay, predation to a minimum, and get does in good health and body condition for breeding season. All while trying to catch some sleep and remain sane. I could ramble on and on about a list of any number of issues facing deer farmers during this time, but for sake of saving trees and time I am going to cover some helpful hints with parasites. Parasitism is a disease that affects deer at all stages of life and has the ability to wipe out a population. We have to have a plan to manage parasites in place from fawn to mature animal. One of the best continuing education talks I ever heard was led off by the statement,” parasite management does not come in a bottle.” It hit me a bit hard when I heard it, especially coming from drug company that sells a lot of dewormer. The habit of reaching straight for a bottle of X to treat Y is a common practice in medicine, so much so to where we have treatment protocols in place on many farms. Parasitism though tends to need more than just “a shot.” I would say that successfully treating and managing parasites relies just as much on environmental management as it does meds used to treat.
3) Nutrition: Deer are foragers, not grazers. It can be very easy for these guys to get acidosis. Acidosis can suppress the immune system, decrease absorption, and lead to a whole list of other problems. One area in nutrition that gets overlooked is microminerals.
Keep in mind that the Good Lord already put a parasite fighting mechanism in these guys. It just needs fuel to work, and this fuel is in the form of microminerals. With immune function the two main ones we look at are selenium and copper. Without these in proper levels, the immune system sputters like a gelled up tractor. The best way to assess the status of an animal is a liver biopsy. These can be done in the field and can be a great litmus test of your mineral program.
25SETDA 2022 ‘TIS THE SEASON
2)exponentially.Feedermanagement: Have you ever watched fawns when a doe goes to the feeder? They are mimicking mother’s behavior, but unfortunately eating mostly what has fallen to the ground. The area around feeders is a hot bed for picking up parasites because when momma eats, she usually passes fecal pellets as well. Not all feeders are mobile but moving feeders to different areas of the pen will help cut the concentration of parasites in a region of that pen. In cases where the feeder is not mobile, keep a flat nosed shovel in the side by side and clean up when dropping feed.
4) Housing: Adequate cover and rain/ wind block is necessary in all aspects of animal agriculture. Deer are no different, they deal with heat stress as well. It usually manifests by immune dysfunction, either by struggling with parasites or respiratory disease.
28 SETDA 2022 MANGOMISU: THE MANGO-FLAVOURED TIRAMISU YOU NEED THIS SEASON • 600ml thickened cream • 500g good-quality mascarpone cheese • 2 egg yolks • 1/3 cup (50g) pure icing sugar, sifted • 1 vanilla bean, split, seeds scraped • 3 mangoes, flesh sliced 1cm thick • Juice of 2 oranges • 1/2 cup (125ml) Grand Marnier • 300g savoiardi (sponge finger biscuits) RASPBERRY SAUCE • 1/4 cup (55g) caster sugar • 250g fresh or frozen raspberries
2. p L ace the thickened cream , mascarpone , egg yo L ks , icing sugar and vani LL a seeds in a stand mixer fitted with the whisk attachment and whisk on high speed unti L stiff and we LL combined . c hi LL unti L needed .
1. L ine the base of a 22 cm springform cake pan with p L astic wrap or baking paper , L eaving 2 cm overhanging .
3. c ombine the orange juice and g rand m arnierv in a separate bow L . d ip ha L f the sponge fingers into the juice mixture and L ayer in the base of the prepared pan . s pread with one third of the mascarpone mixture , and top with one third of the mango s L ices . r epeat the process , then top with the remaining mascarpone mixture , reserving the remaining mango s L ices to serve . c over the cake and chi LL for 2 hours or unti L firm .
The mangomisu is one of delicious. magazine’s most popular recipes ever. Light, fresh and full of juicy mango, it’s the tropical rendition of classic tiramisu and the perfect entertaining dessert.
5. t o serve , carefu LL y remove the sides and base of the cake pan and transfer the mangomisu to a p L atter . d ecorate with cur L s of the reserved mango , then s L ice and serve with berry sauce .
• Juice of 1 lemon
InstructIons
IngredIents
4. m eanwhi L e for the raspberry sauce , p L ace the sugar and 2 tbs water in a sma LL pan over medium heat , stirring to disso L ve the sugar . a dd the berries and L emon juice , crushing berries s L ight L y . s tand to coo L comp L ete L y . p ass through a sieve set over a bow L and chi LL unti L ready to serve . ( y ou can store the sauce , covered , in the fridge for 3-4 days .)
29SETDA 2022 Herd FootPneumoniaCoccidiosisSalmonellaE.StressMilkMilkImmuneAntlerReproductionDigestionHealthGrowthSystemProductionQualityColiProblemsCONSISTENCY Wholesale/Retail Sunrise Supply LLC 330 • 359 • 6152 Blade Star @ 6 www.nutraglo.com Custom Made @ 5 Sudden Explosion @ 3 “More Big Bucks... and Quality Does, will walk your Farm. —If you let Nutra-Glo™ Improve your Conception Rates, Fawn Survival Rates, Feed Conversion, and Pneumonia Cases.” -says 15 yrs of Whitetail Feedback! NUTRA-GLO TM Nutritional Feed Supplement for all Whitetails 1 # 10 # 50 # Also available in 500 & 1,000 poundsAlso available for Horses, for Dairy for Dogs, for Poultry, and for Swine Now available: Nutra-Glo for Ruminants in dry form!
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Lena and Gianna
Red Ridge Whitetails is more to Operations Manager Josh Newton than just a place to raise and sell deer. At the end of the day, the farm is a representation of all that is good about the deer industry. From the development, breeding and raising of quality seed stock for hunting ranches, to the practice of superior animal husbandry to the promotion of private land management and conservation, Newton’s goal is to help the industry as a whole to thrive and prosper. And he wants the governing bodies in his state, as well as in other states, to know how diligently deer farmers work to improve the health and vitality of whitetails in many facets including the potential eradication of CWD.
Creating the desire to raise deer started in 1999 when Josh was 17 and visited his uncle’s deer farm for the first time.
Yet, there are moments when Newton relaxes, however brief and cherished those moments might be on the peaceful and lush 10-acre farm in Williamsport, Pennsylvania. Then, he just simply enjoys his deer and his role as a father to his young daughters Lena, 5, and Gianna, 2. Watching them interact with fawns alongside his wife Lisa, 37, reminds him of how it all started. For this, Newton is grateful for the other lessons offered through deer farming. “The real lesson is the life itself,” Newton, 41, shared. “And whether we like it or not the reality is that life does exist and (the deer) depend on you. Sadly, some do die. But these experiences create a normal traditional value mindset and animals are a great conduit for that.”
By: Gail Veley
STRIVING TO REPRESENT THE DEER INDUSTRY IN A POSITIVE LIGHT
Within moments of being there, what stirred in his soul was something he couldn’t ignore. He bought his first deer and never looked back. Through working on the farm and learning a vast majority of relevant management skills, he eventually became the operations manager of Red Ridge Whitetails in 2006 after a fateful encounter and subsequent three-hour conversation with the owner. Today, Newton might be considered a walking encyclopedia or a beacon of information on whatever subject pertaining to whitetails you want to discuss. His never-ending drive to represent the industry and continually learn also extends to his role as President of the Pennsylvania Deer Farmer’s Association. His education didn’t always come easily or happen overnight. It evolved after Newton’s worst and ultimately best experience at Red Ridge Whitetails. After the heartbreak and exasperation of watching close to 20 fawns die within three weeks in 2008, Newton vowed “never again.” Through his grief and resolve, Cervid Solutions, a company dedicated to providing cervid specific vaccines as well as health management protocols, was founded and today ensures that all deer at Red Ridge (and other farms) live the healthiest lives possible. By using Cervid Solutions as the foundation for putting prevention through herd health at the forefront of the farm’s daily operations, and limiting the number of deer per acre, Red Ridge stays poised to continue setting a good example to others. They are proud to raise typical deer from the likes of Roman, Rango, Legion, Big Fuzz, Two Big and Artisan among several more. Providing preserves and ranches with big-bodied, hearty, classic, genetically viable typical stocker bucks remains a steadfast goal. Their herd, numbering close to 50, are all DNA certified and registered and also GEBV tested for CWD susceptibility.
RED RIDGE WHITETAILS AND CERVID SOLUTIONS
“The whitetail industry for me always has been, and will continue to be, my labor of love,” Newton said. “Through Cervid Solutions, I can always provide the best health tools for Red Ridge Whitetails and for a multitude of other like-minded deer farmers.” Roman- sheds (200 inch 4x4)
33SETDA 2022
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SETDA MEMBERS BUSINESS CARD SPREAD Attention Members; Welcome to our SeTDA members Business card spread. This is not just FREE advertising but a way members, both old and new, can reach out to each other for your services or to buy and sell Again,deer.ifinterested in getting into future business card spreads, send your Farm or Business Cards to; info@southeasttrophydeerassociation.com or laurie@bdrlwhitetails.com. Or you can mail to Laurie Cook at 4600 SW Deer Run Ave, Okeechobee, FL 34974. The SeTDA wants to hear from you and show new and established deer farms and preserves who you are and where in Florida you are located. We look forward to hearing from you and creating a great advertising spread for our members! Thank You, SeTDA BOD’s
36 SETDA 2022 2022 Florida Farm Raised Trophy Bucks BONTRAGER WHITETAILS STUBBS FARM ACE OVER TRIPLE CROWN @2 ROWDY YEARLING
HELPFUL TIPS AND ADVICE
By: Gail Veley • Sponsored by SETDA
And while administering medication can prove effective in controlling or treating parasitic infections, spraying insecticides such as broad-based Permethrin inside deer pens (but not on shade cloth) is also a common preventative practice. However, “remember when you are killing bad insects you might also be killing good ones,” Dr. mindfulsaid.Campos“Andbeof where you are Anythingspraying. on ofoutertheedgewhere you sprayed could resistance.”develop
Maintainingnon-conduciveenvironmentan for attracting parasites while knowing how to spot and effectively treat whitetail deer presenting symptoms of parasite infestation, is the key to having the healthiest herd possible. In humid climates such as those found in Florida, Louisiana and other parts of more humid deer-raising country, parasites such as worms, flies and mosquitoes can live for longer periods of time, creating an ever-present need to be vigilant. “One of the most obvious preventative measures is to not have standing water or mud in your pens, and to keep them clean,” said Daniel Bontrager of Bontrager Whitetails in Marianna, Florida. “Rake up old hay and keep manure to a minimum and cultivate the dirt three times a year.” At his farm, Bontrager cultivates the dirt in the spring before fawning season, in late summer to replant new grass and again in the fall to plant crops such as soybeans or peas, in an effort to keep the land viable and less inviting to parasites. These proactive measures, combined with dry pens and “always keeping eyes on your deer” can help deer farmers stay ahead of problems, offer Susan and Ian Hall, owners of Oak Island Whitetails in Okeechobee, Florida. They also believe that using natural water sources can help deer build up immunities to parasites. According to internet research, there are close to 80 species of mosquitoes and 18 species of flies that are native to Florida. “That is probably right with the actual real numbers,” said University of Florida Veterinarian Dr. Juan Campos, who works in the Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences as well as the Department of Wildlife and Ecology. “There are 47 subspecies of the culicoides midge fly but only three that transmit EHD. Quite often we see more parasites like these year-round and farther down south in central and southern Florida where the weather is warmer.” Treating deer for parasite infestation is not always a clear-cut endeavor and Dr. Campos, 48, fears that some parasites may become resistant to traditional methods of treatment. “One of our biggest parasites, Haemonchus contortus, is getting resistant to treatment,” Dr. Campos explained. Found in their infective stage known as Larva Three on the tips of leaves or grass after defecation from an infected animal, once ingested, the worm migrates directly to the fourth stomach or abomasum of a deer, where it attaches itself to and resides in. There, it is able to produce thousands of eggs a day. These worms feed off the blood of deer, causing anemia, weight loss, scours and an overall unhealthy appearance. Two classes of drugs are commonly used to combat parasites, one to kill internal parasites such as fenbendazole and one to first paralyze and then kill parasites such as ivermectin. Fecal samples taken and evaluated by a veterinarian before and one week after
CONTROLLING PARASITES IN
HUMID CLIMATES
successfulhowwilltreatmentreveal the treatment was, Dr. Heemphasized.Camposalsoadvises to not automatically treat your whole herd, but rather only those presenting symptoms such as droopy ears or reluctance to eat, as treating healthy animals may cause them to ultimately develop resistance. “More is not always better,” he said. “We have found that most of the time only 10% of a herd might be affected by a heavy load. The others may have a few parasites, but they don’t cause them problems.”
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• Older fawns, again offer browse (leaves, grapevines, moss, etc...)
• Most of all, DO NOT PANIC. Most of these turn around perfectly Chronic Diarrhea Fawn: Most of these are “Failure of Passive Transfer” Fawns and you may be working with them
Fawning season, to many of us is one of our most favorite time of the year. The excitement of knowing how our breeding program went and of course, who does not like “baby” deer running around? They are beautiful and precious! But what we forget about is they are VULNERABLE! So, I thought I would just share some tips from bottle feeding to dealing with that problem fawn, or our “Fawning Hiccups”.
So now you have your bottle feeding down pack, then the “Hiccups” appear.
What about having to pull a challenged fawn several days or even weeks after birth? Now, this is a challenge for even the BEST and most educated deer farmers. Usually, these are unwell fawns and getting them to feel well enough and strong enough to even take a bottle can take days! Our biggest mistake is pushing on them what we think they need. This is a stressful experience for them and the stress alone can push these babies into a negative direction. They just cannot handle the stress like a healthier fawn. Trickle feed formula or offer fawn paste couple times a day to give them some calories and to prevent hypoglycemia. But go slow, be persistent and most of all, have PATIENCE!
COMMON HICCUPS”
PULLING FAWNS:
(Continued next page)
I get calls all the time about, when do you pull fawns? The answer to this question is “it depends.” Now, if you are planning to pull a special bred fawn to bottle raise or maybe a triplet or a fawn born to a fawn, I suggest between 12-24 hours. If pulling a fawn from a mature doe, I may leave on the full 24 hours so they get the best colostrum “punch” for a better start up. If they are a triplet or a fawn having a fawn, I may pull around 12 hours or sometimes much sooner. Once the fawn is pulled, I recommend feeding quality goat colostrum the first 2-3 feeding to ensure they have acquired the necessary antibodies for a better start in life. But on the other hand, if I pull after 24 hours, I go right to the formula.
FEEDING:BOTTLE
So if they weight 5 lbs, that is 0.5 lbs or 8 oz if 10% and double that if 20 %. So that is about 2.5 – 5.5 ounces per feeding if feeding 3 times a day. The BIGGEST mistake with bottle feeding is OVER FEEDING! I get people tell me all the time, “but they wanted more”…. Trust me, if you give them all they want, you will start having bloat issues, diarrhea, sick fawns and death! ALWAYS stick to the above formula and when increasing the amount feeding, SLOWLY increase by increments of ½ oz at a time based on their weight. Again, make sure they get outside to eat some dirt and give them a chance to “prime” that rumen.
• If febrile, start on antibiotics.
Next question, HOW MUCH DO YOU FEED THE FAWNS? Well, I tell my farms 10-20 % of their body weight per day.
• MOST of all, get the results of your fecal analysis and treat accordingly.
Diarrhea. OMG, they have diarrhea! Not all diarrhea is created equal. Some last a day and some last for days…! Again, first thing you do is take a temperature and ALWAYS collect some stool for microscopic testing for coccidia or other intestinal parasites. Most fawns will not show parasite eggs before 3 weeks. But check anyway, you may be surprised. Remember, just because you do not see eggs, DOES NOT MEAN THEY DO NOT HAVE PARASITES! If the fawn is alert and active, eating well and just has diarrhea, push pre-biotics and pro-biotics. Pre-biotics is the fiber they need to keep the good bacteria in their gut intact. You can try pumpkin (pre-biotics) in their botte and plain yogurt (pro-biotics) if you do not have probiotic paste. Offer leaves and hay for them to start browsing on, this is more prebiotics. Again, continue to monitor. Sometimes diarrhea goes away as fast as it comes on. And again, MAKE SURE YOU ARE NOT OVER FEEDING! Diarrhea and Sick.
Fawn Won’t Take their bottle. First thing you do when they do not take their bottle is take their Temperature and do a little physical exam. Check their stool for too much sand or change in consistency or color. Feel their belly if tender or gassy. Give them some fawn paste or probiotic, and try again next feeding. Most of the time they will turn it back on in 1-2 feedings. But each time they do not eat, give them some calories with some fawn paste and monitor their temperature. If elevated (>103), may need to give some Banamine, vitamins and/or antibiotics and continue to monitor their temperature. This happens to everyone. Biggest thing is to monitor them and make sure they get some calories.
• Must get a fecal analysis and monitor temp closely.
How often do you feed fawns? Well, the first day, you may need to work with them 4 or 5 times, BUT don’t beat yourself up if they do not take the bottle. Give them a little fawn paste and then let them get hungry. Trust me, they will turn it on and take to the bottle. After that, I prefer feeding 3 times a day. AND choose the feeding times that works best with your schedule. The secret is CONSISTENCY.
• Feed Electrolytes not formula. Pedialyte or powder electrolyte mix.
• Give the 1-2 doses of activated charcoal to bind toxin in the gut.
FAWNING “HICCUPS”
By: Laurie Cook DVM, BDRL Whitetails
Biggest recommendation I can make is listed below;
Bacterial and Viral infections
Laurie Cook DVM BDRL Whitetails
VERY VERY SAD Disease.
Failure of passive transfer Stress and environmental changes
OTHER COMMON FAWN DISEASES
Causes of Diarrhea: Overeating or eating too much of something new (i.e. Parasitesfruit) and Protozoal infections like coccidia
1. Low stocking density in your deer pens.
These are VERY tough cases to manage BUT not all cases are the same. Some fawns will just get a few lesions but the most vulnerable and immune compromised ones get sores and secondary infections so bad that they look like a “Fawn Frankenstein”. They walk like they are on pins and needles due to the hoof lesions. And many of these will finally succumb to EHDV or BTV when it blows through the farm.
COUGHING FAWN: If a fawn starts coughing and is persistent, this fawn must be addressed. Take Temp, do an exam and get a stethoscope and listen to their lungs. Again, get a fecal and check for parasites. Lung worms and larval stages of many parasites can lead to coughing and secondary pneumonia. If febrile, start on antibiotics and monitor overall temperature and temperament. A sick fawn is one that lays around, won’t eat, fluffed up and you know the rest… Causes of pneumonia is MANY but includes VIRAL, Bacterial and Parasitic.
2. Make your deer pens like a natural habitat, this keeps thestress down on deer. THEY HATE FEELING EXPOSED and having no place to hide.
3. Plenty of shade in your deer pens.
4. Fresh water and Food daily 5. Scoop Poop! Feces is the breeding ground for many of the biting midges transmitting this disease along with all the other nasty bacteria discussed above. Yes, scooping poop is a “dirty” job and labor intensive, but benefits the deer especially the fawns!! Plus, why do we want our deer to eat and sleep in a toilet?
LUMPY JAW/HOOF ROT: Lumpy jaw is when you see a swelling on the right or left side of the lower jaw. This is something you want to jump on and treat ASAP. The most common bacteria isolated from these infections (Fusobacterium and Trueperella) are serious and can lead to pneumonia and death. Fawns acquire when they start chewing on browse and abrasive objects in the deer pen damaging the oral mucosa allowing for environmental bad bugs to jump in and colonize the tissue. Again, FAWNS are most vulnerable because they barely have an immune system to fight off these infections. So, get those binoculars out and look at your fawns daily! Offer hay and soft browse and plenty of creep feed so they eat the good stuff over the sticks, etc... Hoof Rot is very common here in South Florida and again the same bugs involved in Lumpy Jaw are often the cause for these infections. The foot can swell to 2-5 times the size of the normal foot and often times they will lose a toe and slough their hooves. AND yes, they can DIE from this. Again, another VERY serious disease and a reason to always watch to see how your fawns walk around and pay attention to the “limping fawn.”
6. LASTLY, VACCINATE. Medgene has the vaccine for EHD V2& V6 and presently working on BTV to be included. If interested in vaccinating you deer herd, contact Medgene at In605-692-1268.conclusion,we deer farmers are very lucky and blessed to be able to do what we do and have this lifestyle. Yes, we have challenges, but everyone in any livestock industry does. Just never stop educating yourself on how and what you can do to keep your deer healthy.
with off and on diarrhea for months. Again, be persistent and consistent with their diet. AND do not give up. Seen MANY turn the corner and do fine.
POX LESIONS: Caused by the “Deer Pox Virus”. This is a VERY serious viral disease pretty much ONLY seen in fawns. Most commonly found in fawns born to maidens and fawns, late born fawns, or seasons that start out with a lot of rain. Lesions start on face (nose, eyes, ears and lips) and feet where the skin meets the hoof. The destruction of skin leads to serious secondary infections. Many of these fawns succumb to the disease from starvation and secondary infection. Starvation, because lesions will extend into the mouth and it hurts too much to nurse or suckle. Secondary Infection most common; Fusobacterium, Trueperella, Pseudomonas, etc…
EHDV/BTV: This is probably the scariest disease of all not just for fawns but for ALL deer!
EHDV (Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Virus) and BTV (Blue Tongue Virus) have been studied extensively here locally in Florida with our UF CHeRI (University of Florida Cervidae Health Research Initiative) Program. They have isolated the strains commonly found in our state, what months the virus is commonly transmitted and are studying the response to vaccine protocols with the help of Medgene Labs. In the last 5 years, the information we now know about these viruses has amplified over 100 fold from what we knew prior. Again, these viruses takes advantage of the most vulnerable; fawns, bucks priming for rut, deer challenged with another illness and STRESS!
(Continued)
CUTANEOUS LESIONS: BUG BITES: Common in Florida. Usually they have a few on face and legs and they heal fast.
46
47SETDA 2022 2022 Florida Farm Raised Trophy Bucks FLORIDA HUNTING ADVENTURES BRUTUS @4 ASSAULT @4 JUDGES PRODIGY @2 JUDGES PRODIGY SON @2
2. b reak up the graham crackers ; p L ace in a food processor and process to crumbs . i f you don ’ t have a food processor , p L ace the crackers in a L arge p L astic bag ; sea L and then crush the crackers with a ro LL ing pin . a dd the me L ted butter and sugar and pu L se or stir unti L combined . p ress the mixture into the bottom and side of a pie pan , forming a neat border around the edge . b ake the crust unti L set and go L den , 8 minutes . s et aside on a wire rack ; L eave the oven on .
3. f or the fi LL ing : m eanwhi L e , in an e L ectric mixer with the wire whisk attachment , beat the egg yo L ks and L ime zest at high speed unti L very f L uffy , about 5 minutes . g radua LL y add the condensed mi L k and continue to beat unti L thick , 3 or 4 minutes L onger . L ower the mixer speed and s L ow L y add the L ime juice , mixing just unti L combined , no L onger . p our the mixture into the crust . b ake for 10 minutes , or unti L the fi LL ing has just set . c oo L on a wire rack , then refrigerate . f reeze for 15 to 20 minutes before serving . 4. f or the topping : w hip the cream and the confectioners ’ sugar unti L near L y stiff . c ut the pie into wedges and serve very co L d , topping each wedge with a L arge do LL op of whipped cream .
48 SETDA 2022 TRADITIONAL KEY LIME PIE Graham Cracker Crust: • 1/3 of a 1-pound box graham crackers • 5 tablespoons melted unsalted butter • 1/3 cup sugar •Filling:3egg yolks • 2 teaspoons lime zest • 1 (14-ounce) can sweetened condensed milk • 2/3 cup freshly squeezed Key lime juice, or store bought •Topping:1cup heavy or whipping cream chilled • 2 tablespoons confectioners’ sugar • Add to Shopping ListView Shopping List
InstructIons
1. f or the graham cracker crust : p reheat the oven to 350 degrees f .
IngredIents
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51SETDA 2022
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