UWB Blood Pressure Meter WIP Report
IDS 806: MS: Group Direct Study - Design Spring, 2011 Instructor: Jess Sorel Daryl Lin 02643203
Abstract In the thesis report and research/PRD report, the L.I.F.E project has illustrated a picture of elderly health care for the future by analyzing the information from multiple demands and gathering the opinions of industrial experts and stock holders. By following the researches from the research phase, the document contains the further information about the whole system and focuses on the design process of the product. Which include brain storming , ideations, quick mock up, user test, refinement ideations, refinement mock up to achieve the final design solution in the end of the document.
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Table of Content Abstract
4
3
Chapter 05: Design Development
44
Ideation
Previous Study
10
Evaluation
48 49 51 54 57 62
Evaluation
13
Chapter 02: Direction Refinement
Chapter 06: Design Refinement
15
64
Product Requirements Document
65
Feed back from people in field
16
Refinement
68
Chronic Disease Analysis
17
UI Development-Task Analysis
72
The challenges for patients to monitor their blood pressure(BP)
18
Story Board
77
Technology Update
20
UI Development-Wire Frame
79
Chapter 03: System Structure
22
Second Refinement/Mock Up
83
Service Ecosystem
23
Control Panel Study
91
Task Flow Chart
24
User Scenarios / Story Board
25
Chapter 04: Ergonomic
26
Ergonomic study
27
Ergonomics of individual hand held devices
30
Walking in their shoes....Elderly simulation
31
User Test
34
Ergonomic Needs for the Elderly People
38
Font Type and Size on the Legibility by Older Adults
42
Chapter 01:Previous Study
5
Elderly people’s attitudes toward new solution
6
Mock up
The trend
9
User Test / Interview
Concept Development
Chapter 07: Final Design
94
Details
95
Features
97
UI - Scan BP
101
UI - Reminder
102
UI - Note
104
Tool for Practitioners - Story Board
106
Tool for Practitioners - Web Site
107
Exploded View/BOM
110
Orthographic View
112
Plan
113
Bibliography
114
Portfolio
115
Resume
129
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Chapter 01:Previous Study Elderly people’s attitudes toward new solution The trend Previous Study Evaluation
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Elderly people’s attitudes toward new solution
About Respondents
Different attitudes by age toward all day long vital signals monitoring
• Total Respondents : 46 users
• The elderly are more willing and have more need to monitor their vital signals.
• Age 65 to Age 75 : 24 Age 75 to Age 85 : 20 Above Age 85 :2
• People with chronic diseases are more willing to be aware of their health condition. Age from 65 - 75
• Urban Resident : 29 Suburban Resident : 17 • With Mobility Issues : 12
42% Very comfortable / Somewhat comfortable Not comfortable / Don’t know/Not sure
58%
Age above 75 27%
Very comfortable / Somewhat comfortable Not comfortable / Don’t know/Not sure
73%
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Different attitudes by living regions / mobility toward accessing the hospital • Suburban residents have more concerns about schedule flexibility and traffic time needed to reach the hospital. • The commute is the biggest issue for disabled people and people with low mobility.
The concern of acessing hospital for disable / low mobility people
Urban residents 14%
14% Is not emergency Take too much time waiting on the line
33%
Schedule is not flexible 27%
Other
Commute
Commute
45%
Suburban residant 6%
67%
6% Is not emergency Take too much time waiting on the line Schedule is not flexible
59%
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29%
Commute
Summary
Expectations of telehealthcare
Generally, most elderly people are concerned that health problems could jeopardize their ability to live independently and welcome a new solution which can improve their health. Most of them also agree that it can help them reduce the number of hospital visits. However, elderly people have concerns about using new technology by themselves and question the accuracy if they do it outside of hospital.
• Convenient • Able to see the doctor • Easy to use
Concerns about telehealthcare • Accuracy of the telediagnosis • Worry about operating complex technical device
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The Trend
Moving Cycle of Care from Hospital to Home
Hospital
From the above research data, it’s obviously that the routine healthcare functions are transitioning from hospital to home. The hospital still has its own irreplaceable role in our lives, but it’s clear that home will play a more important part in health care in the future.
Key Telehealthcare Trends and Issues Today, the rapidly aging population increases the great need for health care services. Telehealthcare is a new area and has huge potential for the elderly care market. However, telehealcare has issues we need to be concerned about because the telehealthcare requires multiple industries working together and higher technology supports. Moreover, the user’s limitations have to be considered as well.
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Home
Previous Directions abstract
Direction 0.1 - Housepital The Housepital is a self-diagnosis system, the purpose of the system is to bring the general practitioner functions to the user’s home. The system includes the muti-function examination devices and two-way communication channel for the doctor and the patient. The device for the patient can provide the general health examination which includes: Visual Examination, Auscultation, Palpation, Inquiry, and Physiological Analysis. The patient is guided by the doctor when doing the selfdiagnosis and gets the prescription from doctor.
01Feel ill but inconvenient 02 Use Housepital to meet 03 Drugs delivery. with doctor in a distance. to go hospital.
Design Requirements • Have full experience of hospital healthcare. • Avoid the issue of commute to the hospital or to the doctor’s office. • Connect with the health center and the doctor. • That elderly person can operate the product comfortably.
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Direction 0.2 - Healthcare Puppy The Healthcare puppy is an healthcare device which is designed to help the user who has chronic diseases. The puppy can not only remind the user of taking the health examination and help the user follow the doctor's instruction, but also can build up emotional connection with the user by providing emotional feedback. The Puppy can remind the user actively by specific behaviors when examinations are needed to be taken. The device can also detect the user's vital signals such as: Heart Rate/ECG, Blood Glucose, Blood Pressure, Blood Oxygenation, and Temperature, then displays the data on the device for the user.
01Noticing you when you you need.
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02 Telling you what to do.
03 Talks to you like doctor talking to you.
Design Requirements • Motivated to be aware of one’s health • Improve health and maintain physical functions well • Receive 24/7 healthcare service at home • Individual health plan
Direction 0.3 - Vivid This kind of healthcare device can help grown up children know how their parents’ health condition in a long distance. The device includes a wearable kit for the old parents and a main device with information displayer for the children. The wearable device can detect the old parent’s vital signs and transits to the main device in children’s place. The device will analyze the vital signs and show the old parent’s health condition.
Children part
Parent part
Children part and parent part connect together by internet
01Appearing viable and green color shows target is in good condition.
02 Appearing with no energy and yellow color shows target gets some health issues
03 Emergency situation occurs. Design Requirements • Disease alert system • Involve family supports • Emotion sensors
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Evaluation
Evaluation for three preliminary concept directions The three directions developed from the end of research/design phase are in preliminary stage. The following chart is an evaluation matrix to analyze the Pros/ Cons and combine the feedbacks from the industrial experts / interest party to value each direction and decide the direction for further development.
Proposal
Housepital
Healthcare Puppy
Vivid
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Pros
Cons
Considerations
•The patients don’t need to drive with illness to the hospital. •Don’t need to spend long time at the waiting room.
•The system is complicate for the senior group. •The users may not be able to afford. •Examination categories are limited.
•FDA regulation has to be highly considered
•Reduce hospital visits •Doctors can monitor patient’s condition constantly. •Change the image of the clinical device and develop the emotional connection between products and users.
•Cost is higher than current health monitoring products on the market •The device might increase the risk of accident at home
•Consider the other way to build the emotional connection. •Consider the affordable prices for the elderly people
•Instead of direct spy, the symbolizing way to indicate the health condition makes users feel more comfortable. •Increase the family connection and enhance the family support.
•No physical treatment for the patients •Not all of the users want their health be monitored all the time.
Evaluation Matrix
Purpose
Needs Problem Solving
Operation Complexity
System Complexity Experts Feedback Survey Support Concept Potential
Cost
Housepital
4
2
1
1
3
3
4
1
Healthcare Puppy
5
4
3
3
4
4
5
3
Vivid
2
2
5
4
2
2
3
4
Purpose
Emotional Connection
IDS Opportunity
Total
Housepital
2
4
25
Healthcare Puppy
4
5
40
Vivid
4
3
31
Matrix notes • Score range is from 1 to 5. • More value leads to a higher score. • Higher complexity leads to a lower score. • Higher cost leads to a lower score. • Expert feedback is based on stock holder list and outer resources. • Survey is based on street interviews and nursing home interviews.
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Direction Refinement Feed back from people in field Chronic Disease Analysis The challenges for patient to manage their blood pressure (BP) Technology Update
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Feedback From People in Field
Only the doctor can make the diagnosis for patients From the discussion about the medical device with Carlos Torres, who graduated from Academy of Art University with IDS master degree and engaged well in hospital medical device as his thesis project. He pointed out that in the treatment process; only the doctor can do the diagnosis to the patient. The computer can’t replace the doctor’s role. Also, the medical device can only show the information of the examination. It can’t “tell“the patient how his/her health is going on or “ask” the patient to do so. The monitoring According to Ms. Ayaka Kao, who works for the home care agency that is a part of the multi-hospitals healthcare system (Sharp Health Care in San Diego), doctors is are not willing to monitor all of their patients because they don’t have time even if it’s important. Maybe the agency or nurses can do the monitoring and let the doctor know if any emergency happens. The doctors can still check their patients’ information any time.
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Chronic Disease Analysis
Out-of-hospital deaths of elderly [over 85]
High Blood pressure relates to most of the health problems of elderly people From the study of the causes of death of elderly persons, the leading causes are chronic diseases. Also, high blood pressure can be an indicator to the leading causes of death for the elderly groups.
Male Percent all deaths
Female Percent all deaths
Cardiovascular disease
78
77
Respiratory disease
11
14
7
5
2
3
2
1
Gastrointestinal diseas Nervous system disease Gastrourinary disease
Leading causes of death for persons ages 65 years and older by sex, 2007 All Percent all deaths
Rank
Male Percent all deaths
Rank
Female Percent all deaths
Rank
Heart disease
31.8
1
31.8
1
31.8
1
Cancer
21.6
2
25.0
2
18.8
2
Stroke
7.9
3
6.5
4
9.1
3
Chronic lower respiratory
6.0
4
6.5
3
5.6
4
Influenza and Pneumonia
3.2
5
3.1
5
3.4
6
Alzheimer’s disease
3.2
6
2.1
7
4.1
5
Diabetes
3.0
7
2.9
6
3.1
7
Nephritis, nephrotic syndrome, and nephrosis
1.9
8
2.0
9
1.8
8
Accidents
1.9
9
2.1
8
1.7
9
10
1.4
10
1.5
10
diseases
Septicemia
1.5
Relates to the blood pressure issue.
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The challenges for patients to monitor their blood pressure (BP)
Is it more accurate to measure my blood pressure in the hospital? NO! From most of their clinical experience, blood pressure(BP) measured at home is more reliable. The things I learned from practitioners’ view points From cardiology practitioner Yong-guo Lin: BP varies with people’s emotions, health conditions and the external environment. If the environment is too noisy, too cold or too hot, it can affect the test results. When doctors consider if patients need to control their BP, they determine the patients’ “basic blood pressure (BBP)“, which is their BP most of the time. Usually the tested blood pressure comes close to the BBP when patients are in a relaxed condition. He also mentioned White Coat Fever: Lots of patients get nervous when they meet with doctors, or they feel pressure because they are worry they didn’t do well on blood pressure management(BPM). ALL these emotions raise their BP. When doctors see that happened, they will ask the patients to do it again, but some of them get more nervous when they see their BP is high, and their BP gets higher. The BP measured from the same patient in the hospital can be 20mmHg higher then it tested at home.
From nurse Shu-ping Wei: I have seen a lot of patients who came in a hurry and pulled out their arm wanting to do the BP measurement right after they sat down. I had to stop them first and ask them to take 5 min rest before the examination.
She also said about the good side and bad side of taking BP test at home: The benefits and concerning about testing at home: Testing BP at home avoids being affected by emotion and environment. However, patients have to be careful about using the BP meter properly: the way to use it, measurement time, the position when doing the examination, the position of the cuff and tightness of the cuff. All of these factors might affect the examination results. Even a few mmHg difference is meaningful to high blood pressure(HBP) patients. For 40-69 year-old patients, if their average systolic pressure goes down 2mmHg, it can lower the risk of stroke by 10% and myocardial infarction by 7%. From family medicine practitioner Qing-ping Xu: To avoid mistakes with BPM, when some doctors notice that there is a difference result between BP taken in the hospital and at home, they will ask patients to bring their BP meter to the hospital and do the examination again. If the patient measures correctly and the meter had no problems, they will diagnose based on patient’s records.
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BPM is not only important for HBP patients: Not only high blood pressure (HBP) patients and cardiovascular disease patients need BP management. Diabetes, nephrotic syndrome and stoke patients need keep their BP under 130/85mmHg. Systolic dysfunction, coronary heart disease and heavy proteinuria patients need control their BP under 120/80 mmHg. And people had ever gotten cardiovascular disease or stoke should measure BP every day. From cardiology practitioner Yuan-teng Zeng: Clinically, 70% of HBP patients don’t control their BP well. “I doubt the problem is from the basic BP measurement!” From his experience, the 6 major problems for HBP patients include: 1. Checking their BP when they go back to hospital and being affected by white coat fever, moreover, the single time BP measurement is unreliable. 2. There are lots of BP meters on the market, patients don’t know how to choose a qualified BP meter. 3. BP measurement is taken irregularly. 4. Patients don’t keep records well, the record is unclear, the hand written content is messy like Morse code.
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5. Patients forget to bring the BP record to the doctor. 6. It’s hard for the doctor to calculate the average BP from a long record number during their meeting time and save it for tracking in the future. How to get an accurate BP result: To get an accurate BP result, I would suggest that the patient sit quietly 5 minutes before the examination, check BP in the morning and at night, do it at least twice each time for 7 days, then take the average of record. Sit in a chair with a back when doing the examination, don’t talk, put both feet on the ground, your hand palm up, cuff of the BP meter has to be the same height as your heart.
Technology Update
UWB waves detection technology Ultra Wideband (UWB) waves refer to a very short electromagnetic pulse that has broad band in the spectrum. Using UWB wave detects physical signals requires sending a short pulse to the human body from the antenna, and then received the reflected wave from the body surface. The reflection waves containing breathing, heartbeat, pulse, and other physiological signals can be interpreted or decoded by receiving instrument. The energy emitted is low and has no damaging effect to the human body. The traditional physiological monitor must attach electrodes and wires on to the skin; the user’s motions are restricted by the wires and may feel very uncomfortable if the skin adhesion material is applied over a long period of time. The new UWB physiological monitor using non-contact measurement method is entirely free from these shortcomings. Advantages • Scan vital signs without touch
• No significant interference to human body
OK No cuff anymore
Doesn’t interfere pacemacker 21
Current Development
Radar Block Diagram
According to the research, Industrial Technology Research Institute, TW, has developed the UWB technology and applied it to physical signals detection. And now TW has transferred the technology to the company, Holux Technology, Inc., to put it into the market. To understand more about the requirements and the limitations of using UWB to detect vital signs, I contacted Cindy Huang, who is a Manager in Sales Dept., OEM/ODM in Holux Technology, Inc. Because their UWB products are still in the development stage and are highly confidential at this moment. She can’t tell me too much detail about the information regarding to the products. But I still get clearer about UWB in the following description. UWB Can Detect • Breath Flow • Heart Rate • Blood Pressure • Arteriosclerosis UWB Radar Components • Antenna • Pulse Generator • Receiver • CPU • Memory • Power Supply
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Detection Range • Can reach to 3m, but the best range is within 1.5m. Battery Life • According to their first product put on the market which can read a driver’s vital signs and prevent the driver from falling asleep, a 800 mA Lithium battery can be used for 8 hours.
Problem Statement From the most of practitioners’ clinical experience, blood pressure (BP) measured at home is more reliable. However, elderly adult patients take their BP irregularly and inconsistently when at home. Also, Patients don’t keep records well, the record is unclear, and the hand written content is messy and easy to forget to bring it back to the doctor.
Hypothesis Having a monitoring tool which can take the patients BP in a comfortable environment and which even elderly patients can use it easily, and then send the results to the hospital can help doctors diagnose more accurately and reduce the number of hospital visit for patients.
Goal • Build up the connection between elderly people and modern technology. • Allow users who have never used a computer before to use the device without feeling frustrated. • Build up user’s health awareness. • Consider the relationship between humans and medical hardware.
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System Structure Service Ecosystem Task Flow Chart User Scenarios / Story Board
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Service Ecosystem
Cancel
Network provider
Check the suggestions from the doctor
Insurance corp. ReminderN
ote
Voice
Internet Take BP Healthcare program Clinical Information Databases provider
Join the healthcare program
Patient
Plan the treatment Internet
Exception alerts Phone consulting/ Make an appointment with the doctor Inquire patient medical history/information Decision Support Tools
Provide suggestions
Hospital/Doctor
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Task Flow Chart
Measurement Task
Create an account
No Blood pressure measurement task
Select an account
Have the account? Yes
Press “Take Measurement“
Detectable?
Error
Yes
No
Has a sign/sound to indicate process is over
Display the result/Upload to hospital/Save to History
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Yes
Do user keep connecting to the device?
Device launching
Start to scan with a sound
Has a sign to indicate it’s ready
No
Error / Re-detect
Receive MSG From Doctor
Create an account
No
MSG receive task
Have the account?
Select an account
Press “MSG Box“
Yes
MSG List
Showing Detail?
No
Yes
Delete MSG
Yes
Delete MSG?
Show the content of MSG
No
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User Scenarios / Story Board
Persona - An old lady has to go to hospital regularly Christin Kolzig, a talkative housewife living in Irvine, CA. Her husband left her on a car accident 10 years ago. After first year of mourning, her optimistic and active personality recovered herself. She has a son and a daughter. They stay in close and keep in good relationship. Her son, who’s living in San Diego, can’t visit his mom often. Only her daughter lives near to her place. Because of Hypertension, The doctor told Christin that she needed to be aware of her blood pressure and asked her to do health examination over a period time. With the knee and vision problem, driving is a hard task for her. Sometime her daughter drives her to the doctor. But Christine doesn’t want to bother her daughter too much and that makes her feel frustrated. Also, sometime she forgets to record her blood pressure or forgets to bring the record to the doctor when she goes back to the hospital.
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Name: Christin Kolzig Age: 75 Years Old Gender: Female Education: High school Occupation: House keeper Living Region: Watertown, SD Living Area: Suburban City size: Small Family statute: Widowed, has 1 son and 1 daughter Housing type: Town house Disorder: Hyper blood sugar, Arthritis Hobbies: Strolling, Chatting Financial Statement: Own a real estate,1.2 million in saving account
Taking Examination
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Receiving MSG from Doctor
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Ergonomic Ergonomic study Ergonomics of individual hand held devices Walking in their shoes....Elderly simulation User Test Ergonomic Needs for the Elderly People Font Type and Size on the Legibility by Older Adults
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Ergonomic study
Key device requirements can be given criteria A portable device is one that can be carried for at least ten minutes without resting.
‘Clipboard’ devices can be given straps, handles etc. to improve ease of use.
For single handed carrying < 4.4 kg. For use held away from the body < 2.3 kg If manipulated with precision < 400 g
Secondary features matter
The device should be sturdy and able to absorb a few knocks without sustaining any damage Handle and grip design is important. Design criteria exist. Straps, holsters, compatibility with clothing need to be checked for the naval environment e.g. being knocked against hatches, snagged in doors. There is no holy grail for data input. Keyboards and controls must still be easy to use The minimum key center spacing should be 19 mm. Telephone keypads are better than calculators. Avoid numeric or cursor input for alphabetic entries. Macros can avoid long keying sequences. The device must be easy to operate and hold Operation with either hand should be possible. Room for finger grips is important. Operation should be with the wrist straight. Grips, rounded edges and texture help.
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Battery type, life, replacement need to meet the context of use. Connectors should not collect dirt, grease. Cables and probes should be easy to fit, use, stow.
The overall context of use must be considered: The physical environment is very demanding The device must handle a wide temperature range with rapid fluctuations. It will encounter a range of substances. It will be dropped and bumped into things. There are severe space restrictions and snagging hazards. The organizational boundaries are flexible New technology allows decisions to be made over what is done locally or remotely, onboard or ashore. The operator skill and training will need to reflect these decisions. Technical compatibility may be difficult
The absence of research data may mean that devices fall short of the ideal, but major mistakes can be avoided on the basis of experience. The risks can be identified Most HFI methods use a risk-based approach. The principal risks can be identified. Ergonomics best practice will apply: There is a consistent definition of best practice for Human Factors
Major faults can be avoided:
The Display Screen Equipment, Machinery Safety, Work Equipment Regulations have standards that give a consistent definition of Human Factors best practice. The definition is also given in standards relating to user-centred design. Regardless of the strict applicability of each of these Regulations, comparable best practice is to be expected.
Many devices suffer from known shortcomings
Hand held devices will need to be considered
The study team has seen devices with inadequate key spacing, membrane keys with no feedback, alarms that are too quiet, displays with no backlighting, long protracted keying sequences and awkward command combinations, collections of devices with snagging hazards, connectors that collect dirt and many other avoidable faults.
Because of the difficult conditions of use and the potential for poor equipment or job design, hand held devices will require explicit Human Factors consideration.
If the same keying sequence has different consequences on the device, on the office PC or on the control console then operators are likely to make errors. Smaller devices may not use window interface conventions.
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The guidance here will need to be part of a programme of work. It is not possible to give assurance of usability by quoting a standard or even this document. A programme of work including risk management, specification, prototyping and test and evaluation will be needed. This is likely to form part of the Human Factors Integration Plan (HFIP). Testing will still be required to confirm acceptability: Testing in the context of use will be needed. Until there is much more detailed design guidance, it will be necessary to evaluate any proposed hand held device in representative conditions. Novel input devices will need particular testing Novel input devices such as speech input or pen input will need considerable testing with a range of users. Likely testing requirements can be identified.
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Ergonomics of individual hand held devices
Pistol Grip Gripped with the hand essentially closed around the handle Overall size These can be bulky, double check carriage in holster through hatches and snagging hazards. Handle size Lenghth: > 100 mm dia: 30-50 mm shaoe: 50*25 mm Control on handle? Usable by either hand? Is grip ok when using or ready to use controls? Centre of Gravity Should be close to the axis of the handle Grip angle 15-20 degrees Straight wrist when in use?
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Open Grip Gripped between fleshy part of thumb and the fingers
Controls
Overall size - Use
Telephone numeric pad? Key spacing?
There are three sorts of grip: Between thumb and fingertips (no data) Between base of thumb and fingertips (distal interphalangeal joint) > 95 mm Between thumb and kruckle joint (proximal interphalangeal joint) Overall size - Carriage How is it supposed to be carried? Hand? Straps? Pocket? Thumb operation Can controls be operated by the thumb of the hand holding the device? Texture, grip Device shape can increase volume for electronics and improve grip. Are there controls near the edge that might be operated by the grip?
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Layout Operation by either hand? Straight wrist when in use?
Handle/frame Gripped by the handle. Control and displays on main body.
Grip angle
Overall size
15-20 degrees Straight wrist when in use?
These can be bulky, double check carriage in holster through hatches and snagging hazards. Handle size Lenghth: > 100 mm dia: 30-50 mm shape: 50*25 mm Texture, grip Desirable, but no deep contours. Control on handle? Usable by either hand? Is grip ok when using or ready to use controls? Main controls, display Operated by either hand? Centre of Gravity Should be close to the axis of the handle
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Portable Not hand held in use. Carried by handle and/or strap. Overall size - Use How will it be used? Is there space for the device to be placed during use?
Overall size - Carriage Normal max: L 1000 * W 150* D 450 mm Handle size Lenghth: > 100 mm dia: 30-50 mm shape is important. Handle placement? Portable by either hand? Texture, grip Desirable, but no deep contours Weight < 4.4 kg for a portable product
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Walking in their shoes....Elderly simulation
Default approaches: Vision: Simulate cataracts & visual darkening: lightly smear a thin layer of Vaseline over glasses. Darkening of vision: sunglasses filter up to half of light. Narrow peripheral vision with goggles.
Hearing loss / presbycusis: Partial sound attenuation earplugs or limited cotton.
Reduced kinesthetic / sensory feedback: Cover and dry Elmerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Glue on fingertips.
Arthritis / reduced range motion: Place masking tape on fingers and joints.
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Arthritis and touch With the glove over the hand and masking tape on the joints, it was hard to do anything that required hand movement and holding the item with smooth round surface. â&#x20AC;˘ Opening a door was difficult because it was hard to twist the wrist to turn the knob. I ended up needing to twist the whole arm to turn it. â&#x20AC;˘ Grabbing the door knob required significantly more strength. â&#x20AC;˘ Holding a glass was become much harder due to the reduced sense of touch.
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Opening the detergent Because of the weak wrist and stiff fingers, the user had hard time opening the cap. This action might be worse for the elderly with the carpal tunnel.
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Walking on the flat ground • Can’t walk in big steps. • Requires fast small steps if one wants to walk faster. • Easy to feel fatigue. • Need more upper body movement when walking due to the lack of knee joint flexibility.
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Ergonomic Needs for the Aging
As the body matures, it changes. Some things begin to wear out while other things morph to a new form. Some of these changes require certain ergonomic considerations to continue to make things comfy and efficient for you as you travel into the golden years. 1. Bigger Buttons As the hand matures it starts to lose sensitivity and control. Finger dexterity degrades. To reduce the need for pinpoint accuracy try bigger buttons. It is hard to miss when the target is bigger than the fingertip itself. 2. Bigger Handles General loss of strength is another factor of aging. One area to lose more strength than others is your grip. Try switching to a bigger handle. A larger surface area to grab will allow you to maintain a strong grip. If the product you want doesn’t come with big handles (like a fork or spoon or something like that) try wrapping it with foam/tape until it becomes a comfortable size. 3. Bigger screens Eyesight also starts to weaken with age. To combat that problem give the eyes more information to process. Get a bigger screen or display. The larger the better. Now, this isn’t an excuse to go buy that new 50 inch plasma screen. Who am I kidding? If it’s a good enough excuse for you, then it’s a good enough excuse for me.
4. Harder Surfaces Again, the fingers start to lose sensitivity with age. So give the fingers more sensation. Get a harder surface or interface, or one with stronger feedback so you know that when you pressed it you really pressed it. 5. Louder Sounds The hearing starts to go, too. So pump up the volume. If the device emits auditory cues make sure it emits them loud enough for you to hear. You might want to plan ahead and get a little extra volume for the years to come. 6. More Lights Yep, the eyesight is still weakening. Give the ol’ peepers more light to use. Raise the overall general lighting level and increase the use of task lights. Make sure the lights emit a full color spectrum to help maintain visual contrast. 7. More Handles Every body needs a helping hand, handle that is. Handles are great mobility aids and mobility, you guessed it, decreases with age. Stiff joints, sore muscles and lack of strength all contribute to mobility loss. Give your self some help by placing big, comfy handles wherever you might need a hand hold.
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8. Lighter Objects If you are not as strong as you were, then do not carry as much weight. Go for a lighter alternative when possible and ensure objects that are used on a daily basis, or need to be carried, are as light as can be. 9. Knobs to Levers If a knob requires twisting turn it into a lever. With the reduction in grip strength you may be fighting an uphill battle to keep opening that door. Use physics to your advantage. 10. Double Your Prevention As things degrade you will be more prone to developing repetitive stress and acute stress injuries. Redouble your efforts to prevent them. Follow proper ergonomic guidelines for task station setups and maintain good posture. Keep a healthy body and stretch. Stretch, stretch and then stretch some more. Stretching will help you in more ways than just ergonomically, so stretch.
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Font Type and Size on the Legibility by Older Adults
Font Type/Size Combination
Procedure
Two types of fonts were used, the serif fonts Georgia and Times New Roman (Times NR), and the sans serif fonts Arial and Verdana. Both Times NR and Arial were originally developed for print and are the most common fonts of their respective font type used today. Georgia and Verdana, however, were developed specifically to be optimized for the computer screen.
Participants were positioned at a fixed distance of 57 centimeters from the computer screen. They were then asked to read “as quickly and accurately as possible,” passages that contained ten randomly placed substitution words (they were not told the number of substitution words). The substitution words were designed to be clearly seen as inappropriate for the context of the passages when read carefully. These words varied grammatically from the original words—for example the noun “cake” being replaced with the adjective “fake.” To accurately determine font legibility and its associated effect on reading time, an effective reading score was used.
Example of the eight size/type font combinations studied.
Participant Twenty-seven participants (12 males and 15 females) volunteered for this study. They ranged in age from 62 to 83, with a mean age of 70 (S.D. = 6 years). All participants were tested to have 20/40 or better unaided or corrected vision. Sixty-seven percent of the participants reported to have regularly read documents on computer screens.
45
Result
Conclusions 14-point fonts were found to be more legible, promote faster reading, and were preferred to the 12-point fonts. Second, at the 14-point size, serif fonts tended to support faster reading. Serif fonts, however, were generally preferred less than the sans serif fonts. Third, there was essentially no difference between the computer fonts and the print fonts. Thus, in light of these results, it is recommended to use 14-point sized fonts for presenting online text to older readers. However, a compromise must be made in deciding which font type to use. If speed of reading is paramount, then serif fonts are recommended. However, if font preference is important, then sans serif fonts are recommended.
46
Typographic standards for signage The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) sets down body-width to height and stroke-width to height ratios for the use of appropriate typefaces in signage systems. These standards insure that more uniform typefaces are used, and that overly thick or thin strokewidths, and overly condensed or expanded styles are not used. While these standards are an excellent starting point, it may be necessary to consider additional factors in regards to typeface selection for the aging eye.
Simulated vision problems using Glypha Roman (left) and Futura Heavy (right).
The following examples show typefaces that meet the ADA requirements for use in signage systems : • Bodoni Book • Times Roman • Garamond Semibold • Century Schoolbook • Glypha Roman • Futura Heavy
Simulated vision problems using Garamond Semibold (left) and Century Schoolbook (right).
ADA Standards
Simulated vision problems using Glypha Roman (left) and Futura Heavy (right). 47
Successful qualities of typefaces studied An analysis of the previous examples shows that the following visual properties could be considered beneficial for typefaces that might be viewed by older viewers: • Consistent stroke widths • Open counter forms • Pronounced ascenders and descenders • Wider horizontal proportions • More distinct forms for each character (such as tails on the lowercase letters “t” and “j”) • Extended horizontal strokes for certain letter forms (such as the arm of the lowercase letter “r” or the crossbar of the lowercase letter “t”) An existing typerface for low vision users The American Printing House for the Blind (APH) has developed a typeface known as APHont, which was specifically designed to be used by readers with vision problems. It incorporates: consistent stroke widths; an under-slung “j” and “q”; open counterforms; and larger punctuation marks. While APHont may not be an aesthetically pleasing typeface, it does point to the opportunity for further development of typefaces that accommodate the aging eye.
48
American Printing House for the Blind’s typeface APHont.
Design Development Ideation Concept Development Mock up User Test / Interview Evaluation
49
Ideation
From the previous researches, the basic direction has been established. Benefited from the UWB radar technology, which can be used to detect human blood pressure without direct contact the vascular, it shall be little problem to design a blood pressure meter without the cuff and provide a new way of taking the patientâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s blood pressure. The technology has also given many opportunities to the designer to consider the ergonomic for the elderly people
50
The ideations can be cataloged into 7 types and be evaluated later: #1 Computer Accessories - Connect with computer #2 Independent Item ver.1 - All in one(Table Top) #3 Independent Item ver.2 - All in one(Lap Top) #4 Independent Item ver.3 - All in one(Hand Held) #5 Independent Item ver.4 - All in one(Wearable)
#6 Kit ver.1 - Base + Portable item Base: Data Transmit, Recharge Item: Scan, Information Display #7 Kit ver.2 - Base + Portable item Base: Data Transmit, Recharge, Information Display Item: Scan
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Concept Development
Following the initial concept in the previous report, we have modified and developed the measuring device, a bulky stone-like form that can fit in human hands better, especially for the elderly whose hands are less sensitive. Instead of shiny and slippery, matt material will be used on the surface. It can be made from silicon that provides soft touch and firm grip for better holding to prevent from dropping the device.
52
Pro. • Portable device, can be easily carried around. • Form & Material can provide comfortable and firmly holding. Con. • Control panel may be complicate to use. • Design difficulty rises when all the functions are inside the device. • Battery replacement can also be a design challenge.
After evaluated the initial ideations, the second developed concept is a table-top device. The left one has a helf ball on top which can read user’s BP when user put his hand on it, and the lower part is the arm rest part. The right one is an oil-lamp shap BP reader, the user can presses the start button on top to read his BP or switches the button to launch other functions which like time setting. When the device is scaning the user’s BP, it glows sofly to relax user’s emotion in order to get more reliable result.
Pro. • Larger devices provide more space for bigger buttons for old adults to operate the devices. • The oil-lamp shape device can ease user's emotion and taking Blood Pressure(BP) in a relaxed condition. Con. • Have to consider how to let the users read the result conveniently. • Does the size is to large for user to put it in their home? 53
The third developed concept is a elf-like device that use have to hold it on his/her lap. The round-edge form provide soft feedback when user holding it. The bottom part is concave thus can fit user’s lap shape and make device more stable on user’s lap top.
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Pro. • Bulky shape helps the elderly user to hold the device firmly. • It makes users get into a relaxed position when they hold something on the lap. Con. • Some people may think the device is too big. • .Not everyone prefers using both hands to hold the device.
Form Study Mock up
55
Hand held group
56
Table-top/Lap-top group
57
User Test / Interview
Goal : • Their understanding about the descriptions of the device. • The information they expect. • What’s their attitude, expectation toward medical devices? • How the behavior change after using the device. • The minimum weight they can accept. • Their understanding about the user interface • What kind of displayer do they prefer? Mock up evaluation : • Form study/evaluation • Position of using device • Size/ dimension evaluation • Button size mock-up testing • Display type testing • UI languages testing • Button Type input V.S. Touching screen input
58
01,02, The user was trying two mock-ups with different sizes and curve. The tester prefers the thicker one which she can grab and hold it easily, because her hands shake severely.
03, The user was trying two mock-ups in different forms. Again, the tester prefers the bulky one instead of the cylinder because she can grab it easily and hold it more stably.
01
02
03
04, The user was trying the mock-up which requires the user to put it on their lap and place her hand on it.
04
59
07,08, The designer was asking the user to test different type of input panels. In pic 07, the user was using the button input cell phone. In pic 08, the user was using the touching screen phone. Surprisingly, the user likes the I Phone, but obviously she canâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t control it well because of the poor dexterity of her fingers.
07
05
05,06, The user was comparing the different mockups. In pic 05 was the user comparing the laptop one and the bulky thick one; pic 06 was the user comparing the laptop one and the bulky thin one.
06
60
08
Evaluate the information displayed in Monotone or Color: • The user prefers high contrast screen. • Colors help the user recognize easily. Evaluate the user’s understanding of the Graphic icon / Function description: • The user spent longer time to memorize the functions of the buttons. • The user hesitated to explore the functions of the device. • The text description is better than graphic icons. • The user didn’t recognize the zoom in and zoom out icon.
61
Evaluate the different types of input: • The user got in stuck the first time she used I phone which only has a flat screen and a button. • The user thought the instant interaction she experienced from I phone is more interesting than SE phone • The user couldn’t control conduction touching panel well. She couldn’t select the right option or stop in the right page when I asked her to roll pages to find a name from phone book. • The user’s fingers were lack of dexterity. It made her difficult to select or press the button on touching screen • The user seemed hard to apply or relate other gestures we were using in current touching panel device. Ex: I told her to roll the page up and down by moving her fingertip on the screen. Then she just kept moving her finger up and down no matter in what page. • A screen with high dpi and back light screen/ glow text helps the user to recognize.
62
• Smart phone • Conduction touching panel
• Cell phone • Button input
• Slide phone • Button input
Evaluation / The things I learned from user interview Avoid thin and small hand-hold installment : • She likes the bulky shapes because her hands shake severely. • Most of the time, the user uses one single hand to hold the mock-ups. • The device with round and smooth surface is welcome. Hand-hold mock-up seems to be more popular : • The desk-top mock-up makes the user lower her body to access the model. • The user prefers to bring the model up close to herself. • The user can not hold the mock-up and keeps it stable on her lap.
63
Design Refinement Product Requirements Document Refinement/Mock Up Story Board UI Development-Task Analysis UI Development-Wire Frame Second Refinement Control Panel Study
64
Product Requirements Document General Requirements • The product must be able to be operated without professional medical knowledge. • The product must to have independent power inside. • The product should be able to be held in one hand. • The product should be able to be operated by a single person. Functional Requirements • The product must be able to provide the vital signals to the user including: Heart Rate Systolic Pressure Diastolic Pressure • The product must be able to make sound. • The product must be able to connect with hospital or doctor. • The product must be able to access the internet. • The product must be able to be controlled by finger pressing. • The product must be able to recognize the user. • The product must be able to help user to schedule his/her time to take BP . • The product should be rechargeable. • The product should be able to display the messages from practitioners • The product should be able to record user's examination results. • The product should be able to set up the time automatically. • The product may be able to glow. • The product may be able to access internet wirelessly. • The product may be able to withstand splashing water. • The product may be able to provide tips about how to do the examination in the right way.
65
Performance Requirements • Power system The recharger must can be used on residential outlet . The full recharge time for device should not be longer than 1 hour. The working time of product after one fully recharge should not be less than 2 hours. • Usability The device should have a curved surface. The device should be able to be easily grabbed with two fingers. • The product must be able to show the feedback to the user. • The product must be able to provide the memory to store medical data. • The product must be able to generate the sound over 60db when reminding the user. • The product must be able to be dropped from 1 meter high. • The product should be able to guide the user to operate the device. • The product should be able to provide the information to the user in high contrast. User Interface Requirements • The UI must be able to be easily understood. • The UI must be able to indicate each function clearly. • The UI should be able to apply text descriptions to indicate user. • The UI should be able to guide user by voice. • The UI should be able to apply colors to indicate the function for user. • The buttons should be big enough for mature-handed users to press. • The space between buttons should be big enough for mature-handed users to press. • The buttons should be able to provide feedback when the user presses the buttons. • The buttons should be different sizes to indicate different functions. • The button location should reflect the hierarchy of the functions. 66
Material Requirements • The material must to be able to provide friction with fingers. • The material should be able to be recycled. • The material should be water-proof.. Safety Requirements • The product must not provide the user with warning sound less than 60db. • The product must be able to provide the conspicuous warning dialogues with high contrast. • The product must be able to provide the reset button when system needs to be recovered. • The product should be able to back up the data when the power shuts down accidently. • The product should be able to be controlled by a technician. Aesthetic Requirements • The product must be able to express simple to user. • The product must be able to express friendliness to user.
67
Refinement
Based on form studies, user tests and ergonomic studies, the direction is focusing on hand-hold scanning device. Thus the designer has started to refine the shape of the device for hand-hold installment part and develop a variety of shapes.
68
Also, in order to help the users take their BP consistently, the life of battery should be considered. Thus, the recharging base seems a solution.
Refinement Ver.1.0 3.4 in
1.6 in
2 in
Electronic Paper Screen
12:00
2.6 in
Time 5 in
Note
1 in 4 in
OK Cancel
7.25 in
Rotatable Ring
OK
OK
Step 1.
Step 2.
Connection Port Rubber Bumper
69
Base Layout
1 in
Rubber
Translucent Acrylic
Time
Note
4 in
OK Cancel 7.25 in
Adjust Base Angle
1 in
Step 1.
70
Step 2.
More Form Studies
71
UI Development - Task Analysis Human Factors Sequential Task Analysis (Tele-health care device) Key to disposition codes (Symbols indicated in column at far right if the tables) D = Design Consideration to be evaluated for incorporation into future design changes for this product or system R = Include in Product Requirements S = Include in Product Specifications LR = Design Consideration to be incorporated into the Labeling* Requirements for this product or system LS = Design Consideration to be incorporated into the Labeling* Specifications for this product or system A = Issues concerning “Accessories” to consider during specification and design of this product or system N = No relevant information or disposition identified N/A = Not addressed in this analysis I = Insufficient Information available to address * the term “labeling ” includes all labels, Directions for Use(DFU), Instructions for Use(IFU) and other informational materials to be supplied with the product(including media such as CD ROMs, DVDs and etc.)
72
TASK ANALYSIS A: User takes the BP examination and sends the test result to the doctor Ref# 1
SEQUENTIAL TASKS - The User notices that he/she needs to do the regular BP check
POTENTIAL ISSUES - The user may not remember whose turn to use the device - User may not want to use at that moment - User may not understand the signs
DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS - The device may send out lights and sounds. The “user” icon, if lightened up, indicates one user needs to take the BP examination - The device may shut down and inform the user 10 minutes later
DISPOSITION D,R,S
2
-
Remove the device from the base unit
- The device better be designed to be separated from the base unit.
D,R
3
-
Sit down on a chair which has a back and relax.
- The device may send a message to inform the user to be relaxed to achieve more accurate results.
N/A
4
-
Adjusts the position to make body relaxed
- Users may not understand how to use it - Users may not want to use the device - The user may not have a chair to sit on. - The user may not be relaxed - The user may not feel relaxed - The user’s position may not be good enough for measurement
- The device may send a message to inform the user to be relaxed to achieve more accurate results
N/A
5
-
To use the scan function of the device
- User may don’t know how to lunch the function
- The device may need a start button or guide the user how to perform the operation.
D,R
6
-
Hold the Device in hand
- User may drop the device - User may use one hand or both hand to hold the device
-
Apply anti-slip material
D,R,S
7
- BP
Keeps connecting to the device when scanning the
- User may drop the device when scanning - The user may move his hands from the device.
- The device sends out lights when scanning the user’s BP
N/A
73
74
8
-
Notice the time the check is finished
- The user may not realize when the process is over
- It may have images combined with written instructions in a user manual, or an animated video explaining the user interface program
D,S
9
-
Check the result of the examination.
- User may don’t understand the result
- Use the sign to indicate the user’s health level
D,R
9
-
Sends the result to the doctor
- User may don’t understand how to send the result
- Put the device back to the base unit, and the device will show “send the result to the hospital”
TASK ANALYSIS B: Doctor check patient’s BP history
Ref#
SEQUENTIAL TASKS
POTENTIAL ISSUES
DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
DISPOSITION
1
-
Log in to his/her account
-
N/A
2
-
Find the patient
- User may forget the password or ID - User may be unable to find the patient - User may not be sure he/she found the right person
-
N/A
3
-
Check the quick statute of the patient
-
N
4
- Checks more information about the patient
- User may not understand the icons - User may not understand how to access further information
- Well designed package that keeps the device secure and damage free when it is being shipped
LR/LS
5
-
Look for patient’s BP history
- User may not know how to enter to access further information - User may find out it’s not the person he/she is looking for
-
D,R
6
-
Check patient’s week-long BP history
- The interface may seem too complex - The interface may seem too difficult to understand
-
D,R
7
-
Check patient’s month-long BP history
- The interface may seem too complex - The interface may seem too difficult to understand
D,R
8
-
Checks patient’s year-long BP history
- The interface may seem too complex - The interface may seem too difficult to understand
S,R
75
TASK ANALYSIS C: Check the MSG from doctor Ref#
76
SEQUENTIAL TASKS
POTENTIAL ISSUES
DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
DISPOSITION
1
- User notices that he/she has a new MSG from the doctor
- User may not want to use at that moment - User may not understand the signs
- The user can turn off the sound but device will keep glowing - The user interface must be designed to be simple and easy to use
D,R
2
- Recognizes the MSG is for him/her or for someone else
- signs
User may not understand the
- The sign must be designed to be simple and easy to use
N/A
3
-
- use -
User may not understand how to
- Device may have buttons with clear descriptions
D,R
Enters the personal MSG box
User may press other buttons
4
-
Searches for the unread MSG
- use
User may not understand how to
- The control panel must be designed for to be and easy to use
S,R
5
-
Open the unread MSG
- User may not know how to enter to access further information - User may not want to read the MSG
- The user interface should indicate how to open the MSG
S,R
6
-
Jump back to the MSG box
- User may not understand how to go back to previous layer
- The user interface should indicate how to go back to previous layer
S,R
Story Board - Reminder user taking BP
77
78
UI Development - Wire frame Alert Setting
Are you
Are you
12:00
Time
Note
User1
Time
User2
Note
OK
Time
User2
Note
Set up your first time
Time
Note
AM
OK
Note
Set up your Second time
Time
Note
AM
OK Cancel
Time
Note
PM
OK Cancel
Set up your Second time
Cancel
Time
AM
OK
OK
Cancel
Set up your Second time
Note
Cancel
Cancel
Are you
Time
User2
OK
Cancel
User1
User1
Set up your Second time
Time
Note
PM
OK Cancel
OK Cancel
79
Set up your Second time
PM
Time
Set up time successfully
Time
Note
Back to main page...
Note
80
Note
OK
OK Cancel
12:00
Time
Cancel
OK Cancel
Note Reading
Are you
12:00
Time
Are you
User1U
Time
ser2
Note
Note
Note
The following is your new prescription: Take 2 red pills for each time
Note
Note
Time
Reduce the blue pill to 1 pill for each time
Note
OK
pill for each time
OK Cancel
Time
Note
Back to main page
12:00
Time
Note
OK
OK Cancel
time
Cancel
Time
Reduce the blue pill to 1 pill for each time
Cancel
Time
OK Cancel
time
Note
OK
Cancel
Time
Time
ser2
OK
OK Cancel
Hi, this is doctor Park, I update your prescription. The following is your new prescription:
User1U
Cancel
OK Cancel
81
Notification Good Evening Ms. King:
Morning Mr. King:
Please taking your blood pressure
Please taking your blood pressure
Time
Time
Note
Note
8:00 PM
9:00 AM
OK
OK Cancel
Cancel
New Notification Coming Up Mr. King:
Your Note has something new, please check it out. 8:00 PM
Time
s c
Good iEvenin Time
Note
Please be relaxed to get more accurate result.
Note
Press button to start
OK Cancel
82
Time
Note
OK Cancel
Time
Please taking pressure
PM
OK
New Notification Coming Up
thing it
Note
8:00 PM
Cancel
Good y Evening Ms.
e
something Please tak pressure heck it
OK Cancel
Second Refinement - Wire Frame Refinement Ver. 2.0
Time
Enlarge the space between function buttons
Note
Concave surface 4.5 in
Cancel
OK
Enlarge the navigation button
7.6 in
Separate “OK“ button Concave “Cancel“ button
Protruding “Scan“ button
1.6 in 1 in
83
Refinement Ver. 2.0
Place â&#x20AC;&#x153;Cancelâ&#x20AC;&#x153; button in the back to prevent accidental pressing Cancel
OK
Enlarge function buttons
Time
Note Large single piece navigation panel
Refinement Ver. 3.0
Arrange buttons in a straight line Time
Note
Cancel
OK
Separate navigation buttons 84
Mock Up
85
86
Second Refinement - User Test The user was testing the size, position and space of the buttons
87
Giving feedback about using navigation ring and separated buttons.
88
The user removed the device from the base unit.
89
The user read the text on the device.
90
Control Panel Study
Cancel
OK
ReminderN
ote
Cancel
Cancel
OK
ReminderN
ote
ReminderN
ote
ReminderN
ote
91
Rendering
92
93
Final Design Details
Exploded View/BOM
Features
Orthographic View
UI - Scan BP UI - Reminder UI - Note Tool for Practitioners - Story Board Tool for Practitioners - Web Site
94
Details
03 01, The user can easily press the enlarged buttons. 02, Bright colors and high contrast help the user recognize the functions 01 of the buttons easily. The product therefore looks more attractive. 03, The convex power button is placed on the back of the base.
02 95
04, The “Down Arrow” button is in orange and with concave surface to be distinguished from “Up Arrow “button. The “OK” button is larger than the “Cancel“ button and the “Cancel“ button is placed on the back of the control panel with a concave surface to prevent from being pressed accidentally. 05, Buttons with outer edge help the user recognize each button. 06, The “Zoom in/Zoom out “switch has a granular surface. The user can easily find it and switch the size of the text.
04
05 96
06
Features
Zoom In & Zoom Out/ Voice Reading Hi, this is doctor Park, I updated your prescription. The following is your new prescription:
Hi, this is doctor Park, I updated your prescription. The following is your new prescription: The following is your new prescription:
97
Getting user’s attention by glowing
Message Notification
BP Test Notification
Good Evening Ms. King:
You have a new note. Please press “Note” button to read. 8:00 PM
98
Please take your blood pressure 8:00 PM
Device attached to base magnetically
Has magnet inside
25
Create reading angle
99
Screen orientation changed by position
ore et a m g o t relax Please ult. te res accura
Please relax to get a more accurate result.
Please relax to get a more accurate result.
100
UI - Scan BP
Please relax to get a more accurate result.
Sending the result to the care provider... 8:00 PM
101
UI - Reminder
Schedule your First time
6:00AM
Schedule your First time
8:30AM
102
Schedule your Second time
9:30PM
Schedule your Second time
9:40
PM
BP reminder set up successfully Back to main page...
103
UI - Note
Hi, theis is doctor Park, ...
You have a new note. Please press “Note” button to read. 8:00 PM
Hi, this is doctor Park, I updated your prescription. The following is your new prescription: The following is your new prescription:
104
Hi, theis is doctor Park, I ... Happy Birthday Ms. King, ... Hi, theis is doctor Park, I ...
pill for each time.
Back to main page
105
Tool for Practitioners - Story Board
106
Tool for Practitioners - Web Site
107
Tool for Practitioner - Web Site
108
109
Exploded View/BOM Protection Cover Upper Shell E-paper Dark Chrome Bluetooth Module
Device BOM Function
Cost
Memory
0.1
4MB RAM Display 3â&#x20AC;? E-paper
Transparent Rubber
Display Controller
Speaker
PCBs
UWB Module Memory Chip Processor Chip Scanning Button Lithium Battery Wireless Recharge Module
25
Mechanical/Electro-Mechanical
3.27
Enclosure Plastics Metals Rubber UWB Module
10.41
Pulse Generator Receiver Processor
2.5
Application Processor
UWB Receiver (Aluminum Shell)
Bluetooth
1.8
Back Shell
Speaker
0.2
Wireless Recharge Module
1.8
Bluethooth Module Audio
Circuit Board Power Management IC Battery
2.75
3.7V 700mAh Lithium Battery Total 110
$47.83
Rubber Strip Magnet Rubber Loop Buttons Memory Chip Speaker Top Shell Power Button Translucent Acrylic Outer Frame Power Supplier Wireless Recharger
Base BOM Function
Cost
Memory
0.3
8MB RAM 3G Module 3G Module Antenna Mechanical/Electro-Mechanical
LED
PCBs
3G Module
Enclosure Plastics
Button Bases
Rubber
Bluetooth Module Base Rubber Block
8
2.15
Metals Acrylic Magnet Power Supply
0.3
Power Management IC Adaptor Bluetooth
1.8
Bluethooth Module Audio Speaker
0.2
Wireless Recharger Module
2
Circuit Board Power Management IC Total
$14.75 111
Orthographic View R0.55
0.22
7.25 0.36
0.28
0.82
R0.05 0.35 4.00
R0.06 R0.01
0.91
R0.05 1.38
4.10
R0.03
0.45 0.47
1.40
7.35
0.62
0.11 0.62
4.39
0.24 4.86
2.25
R0.63
2.50 0.79
3.02
1.41
0.15 0.27
5.84
0.10 0.40
0.36
0.07
1.86
0.60
0.64
R0.32 2.63
R0.07
R1.55 R0.20 0.15
Name
Date
Blood Pressure Meter2.0
5/11/2011
Scale 1inch : 2 inch
112
0.05
0.03
0.07
0.31 0.54
0.40
Plan
SUMMER 1. Refining design bases on feedbacks 2. Looking for cooperation from manufacturers to refine design implementation 3. Building website to get more feedbacks, and advertise to target institutes. 4. Taking Solid Work class to build more feasible mock up. 5. Looking for internship opportunity to get more senses about materials and manufacture processes. 6. Keeping in touch with Holux Technology, Inc. to get more feedbacks about the design feasibility.
FALL 1. Group Directed Study (Implementation Phase) 2. Taking class from new media department to refine monitoring tool prototype. 3. Refining design bases on feedbacks 4. Further user testing, and interview with stakeholders 5. Develop model with manufacturers 6. Make project public and accessible on the internet. 7. Continuing work with Holux Technology, Inc. to refine the design.
113
Bibliography Lars Erik Solberg, Ilangko Balasingham, Svein-Erik Hamran and Erik Fosse, “A Feasibility Study on Aortic Pressure Estimation Using UWB Radar”, Intervensjonssenteret, Oslo universitetssykehus HF, N-0027 Oslo, Norway.
Glasser SP: Hypertension syndrome and cardiovascular events; high blood pressure is only one risk factor. Postgraduate Medicine, 2001; 110: 29-36.
G. Parati, G. Ongaro, G. Bilo, F. Glavina, P. Castiglioni, M. D. Rienzo, and G. Mancia, “Non-invasive beat-to-beat blood pressure monitoring: new developments,” Blood Pressure Monitoring (Workshop), vol. 8.
Huan-Wen Tseng, You-cheng Liu, Zhi-Phase Feng, Ming-Lin Wu, “Interface Design of the Tele-Homecare Service Creation Environment “, Institute of Applied Science and Technology Electronics ,Institute of Technical Education, National Taiwan Normal University,
Enrico M. Staderini, ”AN UWB RADAR BASED STEALTHY ‘LIE DETECTOR’ ”, “Tor Vergata” University of Rome, Dept. of Biopathology and Imaging, Medical Physics Section.
De-Li Chen, Qing-Yao Wang, Chong-Ren Huang, Ming-Fung Yeh ,“Design and demonstration of application of integrated home care services, long distance program,” ITRI ICL.
J.Y. Lee and J.C. Lin, “A microprocessor-based noninvasive arterial pulsewave analyzer,” IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering.
Shi-Tang Lin, Chong-Ren Huang , Ding-Wei Ho, “Operation of personal health care services and information communication technology integration program”. ITRI ICL.
I. Balasingham1,2,3, R. Chávez-Santiago1,2, J. Bergsland1, T.A. Ramstad2 and E. Fosse, “Ultra Wideband Wireless Body Area Network for Medical Applications“, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo.
Syed Gilani, David Niewolny, “Design Considerations for Next Generation Medical Devices “, Freescale, October 8th, 2009.
C. N. Paulson, J. T. Chang, C. E. Romero, J. Watson, F. J. Pearce, N. Levin, “Ultra-wideband Radar Methods and Techniques of Medical Sensing and Imaging “, SPIE International Symposium on Optics East Boston, MA, United States, October 10, 2005.
Yelena Gorina, M.S., M.P.H.; Donna Hoyert, Ph.D.; Harold Lentzner, Ph.D.; and Margie Goulding, Ph.D. “Trends in Causes of Deathamong Older Persons in the United States “, U.S Department of Health and Human Service, National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
“Ultra Wideband Technology Overview “, MobilVox, Inc, October 2004.
Bosch Healthcare, http://www.bosch-telehealth.com/content/language1/ html/55_ENU_XHTML.aspx
Igor Immoreev, Teb-Ilo Tao, “UWB Radar for Patient Monitoring “, Moscow Aviation Institute, Industrial Technology Research Institute, IEEE A&E SYSTEMS MAGAZINE, NOVEMBER 2008. Wen-Hsiung Chen1, Jing-Yi Chen1, Chen-Ying Su2, Jui-O Chen3, “An Explore Factors Associated with Illness Perception and Drug Compliant Behavior of Hypertensive Patients “, THE JOURNAL OF TAIWAN PHARMACY Vol.26 No.3 Sep. 30 2010. Neutel JM & Smith DH: Improving patient compliance: A major goal in the management of hypertension. J Clin Hypertens, 2003; 5(2): 127-32.
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U.S. Department of Justice Americans with Disabilities Act, http://www.ada. gov/ U.S. Food and Drug Administration, http://www.fda.gov Intel’s Health Research and Innovation, http://www.intel.com/corporate/europe/emea/irl/intel/healthcare/index.htm
Portfolio
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User Interface Final Version Integrated Home Systems - The Universal Remote for Your Home
User Interface Final Version + Bath
+ Home Consoles
Bath
Back
Advanced
Back
Bath
18C
Advanced
Back
10%
38C
Bath
Advanced
Back
70%
38C
- - C /- - %
Bath
Advanced 10%
18 C /10 %
Bathtub tandby
Standby
Faucet Temp
Lighting
Lighting
The screen replaces and displays a list of the functions belonging to the “Bath” category.
Bath
Back
Press “Home” button to turn device from sleep mode to the unlock screen.
Press the passcode, button glows when pressing.
Press the passcode to enter the Main menu.
Depth
Depth
Temp
Screen replaces, showing temperature and depth adjustment bars.
Depth
Temp
Preset
Preset
Preset
Adjust water temperture and water depth.
Presses the start button to fill the bathtub.
Advanced
28C
Device is in sleep mode
Filling...
S
40%
18 C /10 %
Unlock the device and screen replaces with a passcode screen.
Notification: The he e bathtu batht bathtub b ba is fi filled led Filling...
Depth
Temp
Lighting
Lightin ighting g
Preset
Functions
Water filling into the bathtub.
Pressing the “Home” button to go back to the Main menu, the progressing bar shows the water is filling.
Holding the “Home” button for 5 secs. puts the device in sleep mode.
User Interface Final Version
User Interface Final Version
+ Bath Preset
Bath
Back
Advanced
Bath
Back
Advanced
Bath
Back
Advanced
Bath
Back
Advanced
Bath
Back
Advanced
Temp
Depth
Temp
Depth
Temp
Depth
Temp
Depth
Temp
Depth
42C
60%
42C
60%
42C
60%
42C
60%
38C
70%
Edit
Edit
Preset Name
Preset Name
Edit Preset Name
Una’s
John’s
John’s
John’s
New user
New user
New user
Bath
Bath
Press preset button to switch to preset menu.
Back
Preset: 42C
Bath
Advanced
John
Bath
Press edit button to edit preset user.
Back
Preset: 60%
38C
Bath
John’s
Setting
Setting
Cancel Run Preset
Run Preset
Advanced
John
Delete
Back
38C
Bath
New user
Cancel
Advanced
John 70%
Run Preset
Delete
Preset
Pop up the option menu.
Preset: 70%
Preset Name Una’s
Una’s
Run Preset
Edit
Edit Preset Name
Una’s
Bath
Press setting button to edit preset user.
Bath
Back
Pressing Run Preset button starts filling water into bathtub.
Advanced
Temp
Depth
38C
70% Edit
Preset Name
The he e bathtu batht bathtub b ba is fi led
Una’s John’s New user
Temp
Cancel
Depth
Save
Screen replaced.
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Temp
Cancel
Depth
Save
Hit hot key to set up the water temperture and depth.
Temp
Cancel
Run Preset
Depth
Save
Press save to save the change.
Bath
Back to preset stage.
Pops up a dialog box to notify the user when the bathtub is filled.
Locked
Lighting
Lighting
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Daryl Lin Tel: 415-244-6576 Mail: daryl741002@hotmail.com
Education
Personal Data
Master of Fine Arts, Industrial Design Sep. 2008 - Present Academy of Art University, San Francisco, CA
Daryl Lin. Born 10.02.1985 in Blacksburg, VA, U.S.
Bachelor of Science, Electrical Engineering Sep. 2004 - Jun. 2007 Yuan Ze University, Taiwan Industrial Design Studies, 2007 King's Design & Art School, Taiwan
Experience Electrical Engineering Control & System Engineering Laboratory, 2006 Yuan Ze University, Taiwan Multimedia Laboratory, 2006 Yuan Ze University, Taiwan Design Assistant,2008 Jian Ru Advertisement Studio
Skills Rhinoceros 3D Alias Studio Tools Adobe Photoshop Adobe Illustrator Adobe Indesign Dreamwave
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